Cangjie Tutorial

Getting started

Please visit https://cangjie-lang.cn/en/download and download the STS version of Cangjie.

MacOS and Linux

Extract the tarball then, in the terminal in the extrated directory, type source ${PATH_TO_EXTRACTED_DIR}/envsetup.sh. You should now be good to go. simply type cjc <filename> to invoke the compiler.

Windows

in addition to the above, the Windows package will have envsetup.bat and envsetup.ps1 scripts that achieve the same as envsetup.sh.

Exercise 1: Hello, world

One you're set up, verify everything by compiling your first Cangjie program.

Using your text editor of choice, saving the following program:

main() {
	println("Hello, world!")
}

Invoke cjc hello.cj, then run ./main

If everything is setup correctly, then you should see "Hello, world!" printed out to your terminal.

Exercise 2: Object orientation

For the remaineder of these exercises, your working directory should be the root directory of this repository.

Have a look at the code in the exercise02 directory.

You can compile the entire package with cjc -p exercise02 -o ex2, then run as before with ./ex2

Tasks

1. Compile the package
2. Finish the definitions of the Circle area and toString methods.
3. Define a new class Square that is a subclass of Rectangle

Exercise 3: Functional programming

Take a look at expr.cj in the exercise03 directory. We have a simple expression language represented with an algebraic data type (ADT) and an evaluator function eval.

Tasks

1. Complete the defintion of eval so that it evaluates the expression language with reasonable semantics.
2. Add some new expression types to the enum, and update eval to support them. How about one with a different number of arguments?

Exercise 4: Concurrency

There is an implemented version of expr.cj in the exercise04 directory. Look at main() for an example of how to use spawn in Cangjie.

Tasks

1. Parallelise eval using spawn and Future.get()

Exercise 5: Metaprogramming

exercise05/expr.cj contains the toy expression language again, but now with a call to macro that allows you to create Expressions with infix syntax.

exercise05_macro contains a macro package, with the macro definition and a recursive helper function.

To compile the macro package:

cjc --compile-macro -p exercise05_macro

To compile exercise 5:

cjc -p exercise05 -o ex5

Tasks

1. compile the macro package and exercise 5 and run it
2. Extend the transform function in macros.cj to support the other Expression types.

Exercise 6: Mobile development in OpenHarmony

We'll do it live!