34_urban exo_nov21 Realisation PR

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - **scripts** scripts/start/projects/project_LAMACLIMA.R -> scripts/start/projects/project_LAMACLIMA_WP4.R
 
 ### added
+- **34_urban** New exo_nov21 exogenous realization of urban land expansion 
 - **21_trade** Missing interface parameter for failing exo realization runs
 - **59_som** exogenous pathway for vm_nr_som via f59_som_exogenous
 - **config** Addition of a new scenario column (Tland) in scenario_config.csv

config/default.cfg

@@ -644,8 +644,9 @@ cfg$gms$s32_hvarea = 0 # def = 0
 cfg$gms$c32_rot_calc_type = "current_annual_increment"
 
 # ***---------------------    34_urban   ---------------------------------------
-# * (static): static urban
-cfg$gms$urban   <- "static"                # def = static
+# * 34_urban includes urban land
+#   * (exo_nov21) has exogenous future urban land patterns based on LUH2v2
+cfg$gms$urban   <- "exo_nov21"                # def = exo_nov21
 
 # ***---------------------    35_natveg    --------------------------------------
 # * 35_natveg includes primforest, secdforest and other land
@@ -716,9 +717,9 @@ cfg$gms$c35_forest_damage_end <- "by2050"       # def = "by2050"
 cfg$gms$s35_hvarea = 0 # def = 0
 
 # ***---------------------    37_labor_prod    ---------------------------------
-# * This module provides a labour productivity factor (0-1), 
+# * This module provides a labour productivity factor (0-1),
 # * which reflects the efficiency of labour under changing environmental conditions (1 = no change).
-# * The labour productivity factor is currently only considered in the sticky_labour 
+# * The labour productivity factor is currently only considered in the sticky_labour
 # * realization of the [38_factor_costs] module.
 # * (off): labour productivity factor fixed to 1
 # * (exo): labour productivity factor is affected by climate change impacts
@@ -1348,12 +1349,12 @@ cfg$gms$s73_expansion <- 0                     # def = 0
 # * (lp_nlp_apr17): alternative approach in which the nonlinear terms are
 # *                 fixed first so that the linear problem can be solved
 # *                 before the full problem is solved
-# * (nlp_par):      Parallel optimization of regions. Allows to use higher 
-# *                 spatial resolution but works only with exogenous trade patterns 
+# * (nlp_par):      Parallel optimization of regions. Allows to use higher
+# *                 spatial resolution but works only with exogenous trade patterns
 # *                 from a run with lower resolution solved with nlp_apr17.
 # *                 Usage: add "extra/highres" as output script. This will start a
 # *                 second model run with higher resolution.
-# *                 Make sure that the cellular input file specified in 
+# *                 Make sure that the cellular input file specified in
 # *                 scripts/output/extra/highres.R exists.
 # *                 See scripts/output/extra/highres.R for details.
 
@@ -1424,6 +1425,7 @@ cfg$files2export$start <- c("input/info.txt",
                             "modules/30_crop/endo_apr21/input/avl_cropland_0.5.mz",
                             "modules/50_nr_soil_budget/input/f50_NitrogenFixationRateNatural_0.5.mz",
                             "modules/50_nr_soil_budget/input/f50_AtmosphericDepositionRates_0.5.mz",
+                            "input/f34_urbanland_0.5.mz",
                             "input/spatial_header.rda",
                             "scripts/run_submit/submit.R",
                             "scripts/run_submit/submit_*.sh",

modules/10_land/landmatrix_dec18/input.gms

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 *** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
 
 scalars
-  s10_cost_balance Artificial cost for balance variable (USD05MER per ha) / 1000000 /
+  s10_cost_balance Artificial cost for balance variable (USD05MER per ha) / 1e+06 /
 ;
 
 table f10_land(t_ini10,j,land) Different land type areas (mio. ha)

modules/10_land/landmatrix_dec18/presolve.gms

@@ -30,11 +30,6 @@ v10_lu_transitions.up(j,"primforest","primforest") = Inf;
 *v10_lu_transitions.fx(j,land_from10,"secdforest") = 0;
 *v10_lu_transitions.up(j,"secdforest","secdforest") = Inf;
 
-*' Urban land is fixed
-v10_lu_transitions.fx(j,land_from10,"urban") = 0;
-v10_lu_transitions.fx(j,"urban",land_to10) = 0;
-v10_lu_transitions.fx(j,"urban","urban") = pcm_land(j,"urban");
-
 *' @stop
 
 m_boundfix(vm_land,(j,land),up,10e-5);

modules/11_costs/default/equations.gms

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
                    + sum(cell(i2,j2), vm_peatland_cost(j2))
                    + vm_peatland_emis_cost(i2)
                    + sum(cell(i2,j2),vm_cost_bv_loss(j2))
+                   + sum(cell(i2,j2),vm_cost_urban(j2))
 ;
 
 *' The total regional production cost calculation is based on the sum of different

modules/13_tc/endo_jun18/scaling.gms

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
 *** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
 *** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
 
-v13_cost_tc.scale(i) = 10e7;
+v13_cost_tc.scale(i) = 10e6;
 vm_tech_cost.scale(i) = 10e3;

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/declarations.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+parameters
+ i34_urban_area(t_all, j)            Cellular urban area
+;
+
+positive variables
+ vm_cost_urban(j)			Technical adjustment costs
+ v34_cost1(j)		    	Technical adjustment costs
+ v34_cost2(j)		     	Technical adjustment costs
+;
+
+equations
+ q34_urban_cell(j)           Constraint for urban land
+ q34_urban_land(i)           Prescribe total regional urban land
+ q34_urban_cost1(j)         Technical punishment equation
+ q34_urban_cost2(j)         Technical punishment equation
+;
+
+*#################### R SECTION START (OUTPUT DECLARATIONS) ####################
+parameters
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,type)    Technical adjustment costs
+ ov34_cost1(t,j,type)       Technical adjustment costs
+ ov34_cost2(t,j,type)       Technical adjustment costs
+ oq34_urban_cell(t,j,type)  Constraint for urban land
+ oq34_urban_land(t,i,type)  Prescribe total regional urban land
+ oq34_urban_cost1(t,j,type) Technical punishment equation
+ oq34_urban_cost2(t,j,type) Technical punishment equation
+;
+*##################### R SECTION END (OUTPUT DECLARATIONS) #####################

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/equations.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2020 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+*' @equations
+*' Cellular level land is prescribed via a very strong incentive not to deviate
+*' from cellular input data. v34_cost1 and v34_cost2 are the cost variables that
+*' implement this, for when vm_land(j2,"urban") is less than and greater than the input data
+*'  i.e. when reducing or establishing more urban land than in input.This safeguards against infeasible outcomes, 
+*'  where urban land should expand but can not due to NPI or other protected land constraints. In this case it incurs the cost and shifts the land elsewhere in the region.
+
+
+
+q34_urban_cost1(j2) ..
+            v34_cost1(j2) =g= sum(ct, i34_urban_area(ct, j2)) - vm_land(j2,"urban");
+
+q34_urban_cost2(j2) ..
+            v34_cost2(j2) =g= vm_land(j2,"urban") - sum(ct, i34_urban_area(ct, j2));
+
+*' Sum up cost terms with high punishment
+
+q34_urban_cell(j2) ..
+            vm_cost_urban(j2) =e= (v34_cost1(j2) + v34_cost2(j2)) *  s34_urban_deviation_cost;
+
+*' Regional level urban land must match
+
+q34_urban_land(i2) ..
+            sum(cell(i2,j2), vm_land(j2,"urban")) =e= sum((ct,cell(i2,j2)), i34_urban_area(ct,j2));

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/input.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+
+scalars
+  s34_urban_deviation_cost Artificial cost for urban deviation variables (USD05MER per ha) / 1e+06 /
+;
+
+table f34_urbanland(t_all, j, gdp_scen09)     Urban land
+$ondelim
+$include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/input/f34_urbanland.cs3"
+$offdelim
+;

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/input/files

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+* list of files that are required here
+f34_urbanland.cs3

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/postsolve.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+*#################### R SECTION START (OUTPUT DEFINITIONS) #####################
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"marginal")    = vm_cost_urban.m(j);
+ ov34_cost1(t,j,"marginal")       = v34_cost1.m(j);
+ ov34_cost2(t,j,"marginal")       = v34_cost2.m(j);
+ oq34_urban_cell(t,j,"marginal")  = q34_urban_cell.m(j);
+ oq34_urban_land(t,i,"marginal")  = q34_urban_land.m(i);
+ oq34_urban_cost1(t,j,"marginal") = q34_urban_cost1.m(j);
+ oq34_urban_cost2(t,j,"marginal") = q34_urban_cost2.m(j);
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"level")       = vm_cost_urban.l(j);
+ ov34_cost1(t,j,"level")          = v34_cost1.l(j);
+ ov34_cost2(t,j,"level")          = v34_cost2.l(j);
+ oq34_urban_cell(t,j,"level")     = q34_urban_cell.l(j);
+ oq34_urban_land(t,i,"level")     = q34_urban_land.l(i);
+ oq34_urban_cost1(t,j,"level")    = q34_urban_cost1.l(j);
+ oq34_urban_cost2(t,j,"level")    = q34_urban_cost2.l(j);
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"upper")       = vm_cost_urban.up(j);
+ ov34_cost1(t,j,"upper")          = v34_cost1.up(j);
+ ov34_cost2(t,j,"upper")          = v34_cost2.up(j);
+ oq34_urban_cell(t,j,"upper")     = q34_urban_cell.up(j);
+ oq34_urban_land(t,i,"upper")     = q34_urban_land.up(i);
+ oq34_urban_cost1(t,j,"upper")    = q34_urban_cost1.up(j);
+ oq34_urban_cost2(t,j,"upper")    = q34_urban_cost2.up(j);
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"lower")       = vm_cost_urban.lo(j);
+ ov34_cost1(t,j,"lower")          = v34_cost1.lo(j);
+ ov34_cost2(t,j,"lower")          = v34_cost2.lo(j);
+ oq34_urban_cell(t,j,"lower")     = q34_urban_cell.lo(j);
+ oq34_urban_land(t,i,"lower")     = q34_urban_land.lo(i);
+ oq34_urban_cost1(t,j,"lower")    = q34_urban_cost1.lo(j);
+ oq34_urban_cost2(t,j,"lower")    = q34_urban_cost2.lo(j);
+*##################### R SECTION END (OUTPUT DEFINITIONS) ######################
+

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/preloop.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+* get the scenario GDP & Populaiton data for iso countries
+loop(t_all,
+ if(m_year(t_all) <= sm_fix_SSP2,
+  i34_urban_area(t_all, j) = f34_urbanland(t_all, j,"SSP2");
+else
+i34_urban_area(t_all, j) = f34_urbanland(t_all, j,"%c09_gdp_scenario%");
+ );
+);
+
+pcm_land(j,"urban") = i34_urban_area("y1995",j);

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/presolve.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+vm_carbon_stock.fx(j,"urban",c_pools) = 0;
+*' Biodiversity value (BV)
+vm_bv.fx(j,"urban", potnatveg) = pcm_land(j,"urban") * fm_bii_coeff("urban",potnatveg) * fm_luh2_side_layers(j,potnatveg);

modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/realization.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+*' @description Urban Land based on LUH2v2 (Hurtt 2020) cellular (0.5 degree) input dataset, varying with SSP. 
+*' Cellular level is prescribed via a very high punishment term for deviating from original input values.
+*' Regional sums of urban land must add be equal for both model and input data.
+
+*' @limitations Urban land is exogenous and does not interact with other model dynamics, except for reducing available non-urban land pool.
+*'  Cellular urban land may not exactly match input data due to other land needs in the same cell.
+
+*####################### R SECTION START (PHASES) ##############################
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "declarations" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/declarations.gms"
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "input" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/input.gms"
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "equations" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/equations.gms"
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "preloop" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/preloop.gms"
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "presolve" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/presolve.gms"
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "postsolve" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/postsolve.gms"
+*######################## R SECTION END (PHASES) ###############################

modules/34_urban/module.gms

@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
 *' (see also the other land modules: [30_crop], [31_past], [32_forestry], [35_natveg]). 
 *' It describes urban settlement areas and estimates their corresponding carbon content.
 *'
-*' @authors Jan Philipp Dietrich, Florian Humpenöder
+*' @authors Jan Philipp Dietrich, Florian Humpenöder, David Meng-Chuen Chen, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky
 
 *###################### R SECTION START (MODULETYPES) ##########################
+$Ifi "%urban%" == "exo_nov21" $include "./modules/34_urban/exo_nov21/realization.gms"
 $Ifi "%urban%" == "static" $include "./modules/34_urban/static/realization.gms"
 *###################### R SECTION END (MODULETYPES) ############################

modules/34_urban/static/declarations.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+*** |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+*** |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+*** |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+*** |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+*** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+*** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+
+positive variables
+ vm_cost_urban(j)			Technical adjustment cost
+;
+
+*#################### R SECTION START (OUTPUT DECLARATIONS) ####################
+parameters
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,type) Technical adjustment cost
+;
+*##################### R SECTION END (OUTPUT DECLARATIONS) #####################
+

modules/34_urban/static/not_used.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# |  (C) 2008-2021 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)
+# |  authors, and contributors see CITATION.cff file. This file is part
+# |  of MAgPIE and licensed under AGPL-3.0-or-later. Under Section 7 of
+# |  AGPL-3.0, you are granted additional permissions described in the
+# |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
+# |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
+
+name,type,reason
+sm_fix_SSP2, input, not needed

modules/34_urban/static/postsolve.gms

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+*#################### R SECTION START (OUTPUT DEFINITIONS) #####################
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"marginal") = vm_cost_urban.m(j);
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"level")    = vm_cost_urban.l(j);
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"upper")    = vm_cost_urban.up(j);
+ ov_cost_urban(t,j,"lower")    = vm_cost_urban.lo(j);
+*##################### R SECTION END (OUTPUT DEFINITIONS) ######################
+

modules/34_urban/static/presolve.gms

@@ -10,3 +10,5 @@ vm_land.fx(j,"urban") = pcm_land(j,"urban");
 vm_carbon_stock.fx(j,"urban",c_pools) = 0;
 *' Biodiveristy value (BV)
 vm_bv.fx(j,"urban", potnatveg) = pcm_land(j,"urban") * fm_bii_coeff("urban",potnatveg) * fm_luh2_side_layers(j,potnatveg);
+
+vm_cost_urban.fx(j) = 0;

modules/34_urban/static/realization.gms

@@ -14,5 +14,7 @@
 *' corresponding carbon stocks are assumed zero
 
 *####################### R SECTION START (PHASES) ##############################
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "declarations" $include "./modules/34_urban/static/declarations.gms"
 $Ifi "%phase%" == "presolve" $include "./modules/34_urban/static/presolve.gms"
+$Ifi "%phase%" == "postsolve" $include "./modules/34_urban/static/postsolve.gms"
 *######################## R SECTION END (PHASES) ###############################

modules/38_factor_costs/sticky_labor/declarations.gms

@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ parameters
  ov_cost_inv(t,i,type)                   Investment capital costs (mio USD05MER  per yr)
  ov38_investment_immobile(t,j,kcr,type)  Investment costs in immobile farm capital (mio USD05MER per yr)
  ov38_investment_mobile(t,j,type)        Investment costs in mobile farm capital (mio USD05MER per yr)
- ov38_labor_need(t,j,kcr,type)           Labor required for one unit of output (hours per ton DM)
- ov38_capital_need(t,j,kcr,mobil38,type) Captial required for one unit of output (USD05MER per ton DM)
+ ov38_labor_need(t,j,kcr,type)           Labor required per unit of output (hours per ton DM)
+ ov38_capital_need(t,j,kcr,mobil38,type) Captial required per unit of output (USD05MER per ton DM)
  oq38_cost_prod_crop(t,i,kcr,type)       Regional factor input costs for plant production (mio USD05MER)
  oq38_cost_prod_inv(t,i,type)            Regional investment costs in capital (mio USD05MER)
  oq38_investment_immobile(t,j,kcr,type)  Cellular immobile investments into farm capital   (mio USD05MER)

modules/43_water_availability/total_water_aug13/scaling.gms

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
 *** |  MAgPIE License Exception, version 1.0 (see LICENSE file).
 *** |  Contact: magpie@pik-potsdam.de
 
-v43_watavail.scale(wat_src,j) = 10e5;
+v43_watavail.scale(wat_src,j) = 10e4;