It ends up falling back to another compiler, such as WSL.
clang-cl.exe should be treated like clang-x64 mode with -fms-extensions -- and possibly other config changes that we may not be handling currently. I believe originally, we expected clang-cl.exe to run with msvc-x64 mode (i.e. treated exactly like cl.exe, with no system include/define querying).
Originally reported at #3898 .