diff --git a/src/constraints/AngleConstraint.js b/src/constraints/AngleConstraint.js
index 37e9fbd..c54f46f 100644
--- a/src/constraints/AngleConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/AngleConstraint.js
@@ -52,9 +52,7 @@ function AngleConstraint(angle, a, b, c) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-AngleConstraint.create = lib.ctor(AngleConstraint);
-AngleConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-AngleConstraint.prototype.constructor = AngleConstraint;
+lib.inherit(AngleConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Set angle
diff --git a/src/constraints/AxisConstraint.js b/src/constraints/AxisConstraint.js
index db90541..c19694f 100644
--- a/src/constraints/AxisConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/AxisConstraint.js
@@ -43,9 +43,7 @@ function AxisConstraint(axisA, axisB, a) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-AxisConstraint.create = lib.ctor(AxisConstraint);
-AxisConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-AxisConstraint.prototype.constructor = AxisConstraint;
+lib.inherit(AxisConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Set particles defining constraint axis
diff --git a/src/constraints/BoundingPlaneConstraint.js b/src/constraints/BoundingPlaneConstraint.js
index 06239c5..fc8c5b9 100644
--- a/src/constraints/BoundingPlaneConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/BoundingPlaneConstraint.js
@@ -69,9 +69,7 @@ function BoundingPlaneConstraint(origin, normal, distance) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-BoundingPlaneConstraint.create = lib.ctor(BoundingPlaneConstraint);
-BoundingPlaneConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-BoundingPlaneConstraint.prototype.constructor = BoundingPlaneConstraint;
+lib.inherit(BoundingPlaneConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Global constraint flag
diff --git a/src/constraints/BoxConstraint.js b/src/constraints/BoxConstraint.js
index ca6f4e3..f8db0c0 100644
--- a/src/constraints/BoxConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/BoxConstraint.js
@@ -54,9 +54,7 @@ function BoxConstraint(min, max) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-BoxConstraint.create = lib.ctor(BoxConstraint);
-BoxConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-BoxConstraint.prototype.constructor = BoxConstraint;
+lib.inherit(BoxConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Global constraint flag
diff --git a/src/constraints/Constraint.js b/src/constraints/Constraint.js
index 312b8c9..d1bc66d 100644
--- a/src/constraints/Constraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/Constraint.js
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ function Constraint(size, itemSize, indexOffset) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-Constraint.create = lib.ctor(Constraint);
+lib.inherit(Constraint, Object);
 
 /**
   Set particle indices with `Array` or list of `arguments`.
diff --git a/src/constraints/DistanceConstraint.js b/src/constraints/DistanceConstraint.js
index 49cbc74..eeccb86 100644
--- a/src/constraints/DistanceConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/DistanceConstraint.js
@@ -50,9 +50,7 @@ function DistanceConstraint(distance, a, b) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-DistanceConstraint.create = lib.ctor(DistanceConstraint);
-DistanceConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-DistanceConstraint.prototype.constructor = DistanceConstraint;
+lib.inherit(DistanceConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Set distance
diff --git a/src/constraints/PlaneConstraint.js b/src/constraints/PlaneConstraint.js
index 47aa22b..7093c67 100644
--- a/src/constraints/PlaneConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/PlaneConstraint.js
@@ -54,9 +54,7 @@ function PlaneConstraint(planeA, planeB, planeC, a) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-PlaneConstraint.create = lib.ctor(PlaneConstraint);
-PlaneConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-PlaneConstraint.prototype.constructor = PlaneConstraint;
+lib.inherit(PlaneConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Set particles defining constraint plane
diff --git a/src/constraints/PointConstraint.js b/src/constraints/PointConstraint.js
index 0c4dd28..2864b94 100644
--- a/src/constraints/PointConstraint.js
+++ b/src/constraints/PointConstraint.js
@@ -50,9 +50,7 @@ function PointConstraint(position, a) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-PointConstraint.create = lib.ctor(PointConstraint);
-PointConstraint.prototype = Object.create(lib.Constraint.prototype);
-PointConstraint.prototype.constructor = PointConstraint;
+lib.inherit(PointConstraint, lib.Constraint);
 
 /**
   Set point position.
diff --git a/src/forces/DirectionalForce.js b/src/forces/DirectionalForce.js
index 0cc267b..1cb851c 100644
--- a/src/forces/DirectionalForce.js
+++ b/src/forces/DirectionalForce.js
@@ -32,9 +32,7 @@ function DirectionalForce(vector) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-DirectionalForce.create = lib.ctor(DirectionalForce);
-DirectionalForce.prototype = Object.create(lib.Force.prototype);
-DirectionalForce.prototype.constructor = DirectionalForce;
+lib.inherit(DirectionalForce, lib.Force);
 
 DirectionalForce.prototype.applyForce = function (ix, f0, p0, p1) {
   var v0 = this.vector;
diff --git a/src/forces/Force.js b/src/forces/Force.js
index f602b8d..0bab8a4 100644
--- a/src/forces/Force.js
+++ b/src/forces/Force.js
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ function Force(vector, opts) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-Force.create = lib.ctor(Force);
+lib.inherit(Force, Object);
 
 /**
   Force type enum: `Force.ATTRACTOR`, `Force.REPULSOR`, `Force.ATTRACTOR_REPULSOR`.
diff --git a/src/forces/PointForce.js b/src/forces/PointForce.js
index f9c8355..84d43e4 100644
--- a/src/forces/PointForce.js
+++ b/src/forces/PointForce.js
@@ -56,9 +56,7 @@ var pf_ATTRACTOR_REPULSOR = lib.Force.ATTRACTOR_REPULSOR;
   @method create
   @static
 */
-PointForce.create = lib.ctor(PointForce);
-PointForce.prototype = Object.create(lib.Force.prototype);
-PointForce.prototype.constructor = PointForce;
+lib.inherit(PointForce, lib.Force);
 
 /**
   Set radius
diff --git a/src/systems/ParticleSystem.js b/src/systems/ParticleSystem.js
index f450f2e..99dfe15 100644
--- a/src/systems/ParticleSystem.js
+++ b/src/systems/ParticleSystem.js
@@ -85,8 +85,7 @@ function ParticleSystem(particles, iterations) {
   @method create
   @static
 */
-ParticleSystem.create = lib.ctor(ParticleSystem);
-ParticleSystem.prototype.constructor = ParticleSystem;
+lib.inherit(ParticleSystem, Object);
 
 /**
   Alias for `Vec3.set`. Sets vector of `positions` and `positionsPrev`.
diff --git a/src/utils/Creator.js b/src/utils/Creator.js
index 6ac967f..0732a7c 100644
--- a/src/utils/Creator.js
+++ b/src/utils/Creator.js
@@ -19,3 +19,18 @@ lib.ctor = function ctor(Ctor) {
     return instance;
   };
 };
+
+/**
+  Functional inheritance utility
+
+  @method inherit
+  @param {Function} Ctor        Class constructor
+  @param {Function} ParentCtor  Parent class constructor
+  @private
+  @static
+*/
+lib.inherit = function inherit(Ctor, ParentCtor) {
+  Ctor.create = lib.ctor(Ctor);
+  Ctor.prototype = Object.create(ParentCtor.prototype);
+  Ctor.prototype.constructor = Ctor;
+};