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AI-Generated Virtual Instructors Based on Liked or Admired People Can Improve Motivation and Foster Positive Emotions for Learning

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AI-Generated-Virtual-Instructors

Repository for the paper AI-Generated Virtual Instructors Based on Liked or Admired People Can Improve Motivation and Foster Positive Emotions for Learning

Supplementary material for the paper can be found in the Supplementary Material folder.

Quiz Score

Table 1.1: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Liking (Like) of the experimental group and control. Since the Assumption of Equal Variances was met, p-values are calculated with a basic ANOVA test and no significance was found.

Quiz Score - Degree of Liking
Task Treatment Control
Like Grp. 1 (S.d) Like Grp. 2 (S.d) Like Grp. 3 (S.d) Like Control (S.d)
Like Grp. 1 12.9 (5.7) // 12.9 (5.7) 12.9 (5.7) // 13.0 (6.8) 12.9 (5.7) // 13.9 (5.6) 12.9 (5.7) // 12.9 (6.7)
Like Grp. 2 13.0 (6.8) // 12.9 (5.7) 13.0 (6.8) // 13.0 (6.8) 13.0 (6.8) // 3.9 (5.6) 13.0 (6.8) // 12.9 (6.7)
Like Grp. 3 3.9 (5.6) // 12.9 (5.7) 3.9 (5.6) // 13.0 (6.8) 3.9 (5.6) // 3.9 (5.6) 3.9 (5.6) // 12.9 (6.7)
Like Control 12.9 (6.7) // 12.9 (5.7) 12.9 (6.7) // 13.0 (6.8) 12.9 (6.7) // 3.9 (5.6) 12.9 (6.7) // 12.9 (6.7)

Note: Asterisk (*) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .05) than the control group. Double asterisk (**) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .01) than the control group.

Table 1.2: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Admiration (Adm) groups of the experimental group and control. Since significance are found with a One-way ANOVA test, P-values are calculated with a Tukey post-hoc test.

Quiz Score - Degree of Admiration
Task Treatment Control
Adm Grp. 1 (S.d) Adm Grp. 2 (S.d) Adm Grp. 3 (S.d) Adm Grp. 4 (S.d) Adm Grp. 5 (S.d) Adm Control (S.d)
Adm Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 4 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 5 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11

Note: Asterisk (*) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .05) than the control group. Double asterisk (**) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .01) than the control group.

Admiration

L1: "I was motivated to pay attention to the lesson I just watched."

Table 1.1: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Liking (Like) of the experimental group and control. Since the Assumption of Equal Variances was met, p-values are calculated with a basic ANOVA test and no significance was found.

L1 - Degree of Liking
Task Treatment Control
Like Grp. 1 (S.d) Like Grp. 2 (S.d) Like Grp. 3 (S.d) Like Control (S.d)
Like Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11

Note: Asterisk (*) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .05) than the control group. Double asterisk (**) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .01) than the control group.

Table 1.2: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Admiration (Adm) groups of the experimental group and control. Since significance are found with a One-way ANOVA test, P-values are calculated with a Tukey post-hoc test.

L1 - Degree of Admiration
Task Treatment Control
Adm Grp. 1 (S.d) Adm Grp. 2 (S.d) Adm Grp. 3 (S.d) Adm Grp. 4 (S.d) Adm Grp. 5 (S.d) Adm Control (S.d)
Adm Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 4 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 5 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11

L3 = "I put in a lot of effort to understand the information in the lesson."

Table 1.1: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Liking (Like) of the experimental group and control. Since the Assumption of Equal Variances was met, p-values are calculated with a basic ANOVA test and no significance was found.

L3 - Degree of Liking
Task Treatment Control
Like Grp. 1 (S.d) Like Grp. 2 (S.d) Like Grp. 3 (S.d) Like Control (S.d)
Like Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11

Note: Asterisk (*) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .05) than the control group. Double asterisk (**) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .01) than the control group.

Table 1.2: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Admiration (Adm) groups of the experimental group and control. Since significance are found with a One-way ANOVA test, P-values are calculated with a Tukey post-hoc test.

L3 - Degree of Admiration
Task Treatment Control
Adm Grp. 1 (S.d) Adm Grp. 2 (S.d) Adm Grp. 3 (S.d) Adm Grp. 4 (S.d) Adm Grp. 5 (S.d) Adm Control (S.d)
Adm Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 4 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 5 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11

L5 = "I would like more lessons like this one".

Table 1.1: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Liking (Like) of the experimental group and control. Since the Assumption of Equal Variances was met, p-values are calculated with a basic ANOVA test and no significance was found.

L5 - Degree of Liking
Task Treatment Control
Like Grp. 1 (S.d) Like Grp. 2 (S.d) Like Grp. 3 (S.d) Like Control (S.d)
Like Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11

Note: Asterisk (*) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .05) than the control group. Double asterisk (**) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .01) than the control group.

Table 1.2: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Admiration (Adm) groups of the experimental group and control. Since significance are found with a One-way ANOVA test, P-values are calculated with a Tukey post-hoc test.

L5 - Degree of Admiration
Task Treatment Control
Adm Grp. 1 (S.d) Adm Grp. 2 (S.d) Adm Grp. 3 (S.d) Adm Grp. 4 (S.d) Adm Grp. 5 (S.d) Adm Control (S.d)
Adm Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 4 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 5 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11

L6 = "I would like to learn more advanced material from this instructor."

Table 1.1: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Liking (Like) of the experimental group and control. Since the Assumption of Equal Variances was met, p-values are calculated with a basic ANOVA test and no significance was found.

L5 - Degree of Liking
Task Treatment Control
Like Grp. 1 (S.d) Like Grp. 2 (S.d) Like Grp. 3 (S.d) Like Control (S.d)
Like Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11
Like Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11

Note: Asterisk (*) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .05) than the control group. Double asterisk (**) indicates score is significantly different (at p < .01) than the control group.

Table 1.2: Mean quiz scores with standard deviation (S.d) for the Degree of Admiration (Adm) groups of the experimental group and control. Since significance are found with a One-way ANOVA test, P-values are calculated with a Tukey post-hoc test.

L5 - Degree of Admiration
Task Treatment Control
Adm Grp. 1 (S.d) Adm Grp. 2 (S.d) Adm Grp. 3 (S.d) Adm Grp. 4 (S.d) Adm Grp. 5 (S.d) Adm Control (S.d)
Adm Grp. 1 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 2 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 3 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 4 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Grp. 5 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11
Adm Control 1.11 2.11 3.11** 4.11 3.11** 4.11

Citation

@misc{githubMitmedialabAIGeneratedVirtualInstructors,
	author = {Pat Pataranutaporn and Joanne Leong and Valdemar Danry and Alyssa P. Lawson and Pattie Maes and Misha Sra},
	title = {Supplementary Material: AI-Generated Virtual Instructors Based on Liked or Admired People Can Improve Motivation and Foster Positive Emotions for Learning,
	howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/mitmedialab/AI-Generated-Virtual-Instructors}},
	year = {2022},
	note = {[Accessed 01-Aug-2022]},
}

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