Fixes #2497: Throw exception on invalid matchers for mockStatic

[temp-droid]

I'm not sure if the Throwable catch block can be removed so I decided to keep it for now. Feel free to mention if it can be deleted.

I didn't follow the "snake case convention" for the test method to be consistent with the other test methods of the file, but I'm fine changing it.

Checklist

• Read the contributing guide
• PR should be motivated, i.e. what does it fix, why, and if relevant how
• If possible / relevant include an example in the description, that could help all readers
  including project members to get a better picture of the change
• Avoid other runtime dependencies
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• The pull request follows coding style
• Mention Fixes #<issue number> in the description if relevant
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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #2506 (aa8028a) into main (dbcbb3f) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##               main    #2506   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     86.53%   86.53%           
  Complexity     2779     2779           
=========================================
  Files           320      320           
  Lines          8341     8343    +2     
  Branches       1022     1022           
=========================================
+ Hits           7218     7220    +2     
  Misses          851      851           
  Partials        272      272           

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...in/java/org/mockito/internal/MockedStaticImpl.java	79.22% <100.00%> (+0.55%)	⬆️

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[TimvdLippe]

Nice and easy fix! I am not actually sure why we swallow exceptions here, but this is probably the safest change we can make. Only 1 nit with using assertj for more precise assertions.