diff --git a/chapters/dae.tex b/chapters/dae.tex index 601389d86..6dede6fa1 100644 --- a/chapters/dae.tex +++ b/chapters/dae.tex @@ -88,13 +88,11 @@ \chapter{Modelica DAE Representation}\label{modelica-dae-representation} \end{lstlisting} \end{example} -The generated set of equations is used for simulation and other analysis -activities. Simulation means that an initial value problem is solved, -i.e., initial values have to be provided for the states $x$, \cref{initialization-initial-equation-and-initial-algorithm}. -The equations define a DAE (Differential Algebraic Equations) which may -have discontinuities, a variable structure and/or which are controlled -by a discrete-event system. Such types of systems are called -\emph{hybrid DAEs}. Simulation is performed in the following way: +The generated set of equations is used for simulation and other analysis activities. +Simulation means that an initial value problem is solved, i.e., initial values have to be provided for the states $x$, \cref{initialization-initial-equation-and-initial-algorithm}. +The equations define a DAE\index{DAE} (Differential Algebraic Equations) which may have discontinuities, a variable structure and/or which are controlled by a discrete-event system. +Such types of systems are called \firstuse{hybrid DAEs}\index{hybrid DAE}. +Simulation is performed in the following way: \begin{enumerate} \item\label{perform-simulation-integrate} The DAE \eqref{eq:dae} is solved by a numerical integration method. In this diff --git a/chapters/equations.tex b/chapters/equations.tex index 57297a38d..273177ac8 100644 --- a/chapters/equations.tex +++ b/chapters/equations.tex @@ -712,13 +712,9 @@ \section{Events and Synchronization}\label{events-and-synchronization} \section{Initialization, initial equation, and initial algorithm}\label{initialization-initial-equation-and-initial-algorithm} -Before any operation is carried out with a Modelica model (e.g., -simulation or linearization), initialization takes place to assign -consistent values for all variables present in the model. During this -phase, also the derivatives (\lstinline!der!), and the pre-variables (\lstinline!pre!), -are interpreted as unknown algebraic variables. The initialization uses -all equations and algorithms that are utilized in the intended operation -(such as simulation or linearization). +Before any operation is carried out with a Modelica model (e.g., simulation or linearization), initialization takes place to assign consistent values for all variables present in the model. +During this phase, called the \firstuse{initialization problem}\index{initialization problem}, also the derivatives (\lstinline!der!), and the pre-variables (\lstinline!pre!), are interpreted as unknown algebraic variables. +The initialization uses all equations and algorithms that are utilized in the intended operation (such as simulation or linearization). The equations of a when-clause are active during initialization, if and only if they are explicitly enabled with \lstinline!initial()!, and only in one of the two forms \lstinline!when initial() then! or \lstinline!when {$\ldots$, initial(), $\ldots$} then! (and similarly for \lstinline!elsewhen! and algorithms see below). In this case, the when-clause equations remain active during the