diff --git a/scripts/study/template.lua b/scripts/study/template.lua
@@ -21,51 +21,46 @@
 engine.name = 'TestSine'
 
 -- init function
-init = function()
+function init()
   -- print to command line
   print("template!")
   -- add log message
   norns.log.post("hello!")
   -- show engine commands available
-    engine.list_commands()
+  engine.list_commands()
   -- set engine params
   engine.hz(100)
   engine.amp(0.125)
   -- start timer
   c:start()
-  -- clear grid, if it exists
-  if g then
-    g:all(0)
-    g:refresh()
-  end
-  -- screen: turn on anti-alias
-  screen.aa(1)
-  screen.line_width(1.0)
 end
 
 -- make a variable
-t = 0
+local t = 0
 -- make an array for storing
-numbers = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+local numbers = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
 -- make a var, led brightness for grid
-level = 5
+local level = 5
 
 -- encoder function
-enc = function(n, delta)
+function enc(n, delta)
   numbers[n] = numbers[n] + delta
   -- redraw screen
   redraw()
 end
 
 -- key function
-key = function(n, z)
+function key(n, z)
   numbers[n+3] = z
   -- redraw screen
   redraw()
 end
 
 -- screen redraw function
-redraw = function()
+function redraw()
+  -- screen: turn on anti-alias
+  screen.aa(1)
+  screen.line_width(1.0)
   -- clear screen
   screen.clear()
   -- set pixel brightness (0-15)
@@ -89,7 +84,7 @@ end
 
 
 -- set up a metro
-c = metro[1]
+local c = metro[1]
 -- count forever
 c.count = -1
 -- count interval to 1 second
@@ -102,19 +97,19 @@ c.callback = function(stage)
 end
 
 -- grid key function
-gridkey = function(x, y, state)
-   if state > 0 then
+function gridkey(x, y, state)
+  if state > 0 then
     -- turn on led
     g:led(x, y, level)
-   else
+  else
     -- turn off led
     g:led(x, y, 0)
-   end
-   -- refresh grid leds
-   g:refresh()
+  end
+  -- refresh grid leds
+  g:refresh()
 end
 
 -- called on script quit, release memory
-cleanup = function()
+function cleanup ()
   numbers = nil
 end
diff --git a/scripts/tests/_txt.lua b/scripts/tests/_txt.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/metro-stress.lua b/scripts/tests/metro-stress.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/softcut-test-4.lua b/scripts/tests/softcut-test-4.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/softcut-test.lua b/scripts/tests/softcut-test.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/softtest.lua b/scripts/tests/softtest.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/test-fx.lua b/scripts/tests/test-fx.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/test_engine.lua b/scripts/tests/test_engine.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/test_grid.lua b/scripts/tests/test_grid.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/test_metro.lua b/scripts/tests/test_metro.lua
diff --git a/scripts/tests/test_sndfile.lua b/scripts/tests/test_sndfile.lua