diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.js b/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.js
index 8783d063064120..f65dffc5cecfec 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.js
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import rootShouldForwardProp from '../styles/rootShouldForwardProp';
 import { styled, useTheme } from '../zero-styled';
 import memoTheme from '../utils/memoTheme';
 import { useDefaultProps } from '../DefaultPropsProvider';
+import useForkRef from '../utils/useForkRef';
 import { getDrawerUtilityClass } from './drawerClasses';
 import useSlot from '../utils/useSlot';
 import { FOCUSABLE_ATTRIBUTE } from '../utils/focusable';
@@ -222,10 +223,17 @@ const Drawer = React.forwardRef(function Drawer(inProps, ref) {
   // We use this state is order to skip the appear transition during the
   // initial mount of the component.
   const mounted = React.useRef(false);
+  const rootRef = React.useRef(null);
+  const handleRef = useForkRef(ref, rootRef);
+
   React.useEffect(() => {
     mounted.current = true;
   }, []);
 
+  // Resolve the container lazily so Slide reads the mounted modal root
+  // after refs are assigned, rather than the initial null ref during render.
+  const resolveSlideContainer = React.useCallback(() => rootRef.current, []);
+
   const anchorInvariant = getAnchor({ direction: isRtl ? 'rtl' : 'ltr' }, anchorProp);
   const anchor = anchorProp;
 
@@ -256,7 +264,7 @@ const Drawer = React.forwardRef(function Drawer(inProps, ref) {
   };
 
   const [RootSlot, rootSlotProps] = useSlot('root', {
-    ref,
+    ref: handleRef,
     elementType: DrawerRoot,
     className: clsx(classes.root, classes.modal, className),
     shouldForwardComponentProp: true,
@@ -267,6 +275,7 @@ const Drawer = React.forwardRef(function Drawer(inProps, ref) {
       ...ModalProps,
     },
     additionalProps: {
+      closeAfterTransition: true,
       open,
       onClose,
       hideBackdrop,
@@ -299,7 +308,7 @@ const Drawer = React.forwardRef(function Drawer(inProps, ref) {
 
   const [DockedSlot, dockedSlotProps] = useSlot('docked', {
     elementType: DrawerDockedRoot,
-    ref,
+    ref: handleRef,
     className: clsx(classes.root, classes.docked, className),
     ownerState,
     externalForwardedProps,
@@ -315,6 +324,10 @@ const Drawer = React.forwardRef(function Drawer(inProps, ref) {
       direction: oppositeDirection[anchorInvariant],
       timeout: transitionDuration,
       appear: mounted.current,
+      ...(variant === 'temporary' &&
+        (slots.transition == null || slots.transition === Slide) && {
+          container: resolveSlideContainer,
+        }),
     },
   });
 
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.test.js b/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.test.js
index 7ed0e3327ceed0..57a7f3667e3390 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.test.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/Drawer/Drawer.test.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import * as React from 'react';
 import { expect } from 'chai';
-import { spy } from 'sinon';
-import { createRenderer, screen, isJsdom } from '@mui/internal-test-utils';
+import { spy, stub } from 'sinon';
+import { act, createRenderer, screen, isJsdom } from '@mui/internal-test-utils';
 import { ThemeProvider, createTheme } from '@mui/material/styles';
 import Drawer, { drawerClasses as classes } from '@mui/material/Drawer';
 import { modalClasses } from '@mui/material/Modal';
@@ -155,6 +155,101 @@ describe('<Drawer />', () => {
       });
     });
 
+    describe('scroll lock', () => {
+      it('should keep the scroll locked until the exit transition completes by default', () => {
+        const transitionDuration = 123;
+        const { setProps } = render(
+          <Drawer open={false} transitionDuration={transitionDuration}>
+            <div />
+          </Drawer>,
+        );
+
+        expect(document.body.style.overflow).to.equal('');
+
+        setProps({ open: true });
+        clock.runToLast();
+
+        expect(document.body.style.overflow).to.equal('hidden');
+
+        setProps({ open: false });
+
+        expect(document.body.style.overflow).to.equal('hidden');
+
+        act(() => {
+          clock.runToLast();
+        });
+
+        expect(document.body.style.overflow).to.equal('');
+      });
+
+      it('should allow opting out of waiting for the exit transition before unlocking scroll', () => {
+        const transitionDuration = 123;
+        const { setProps } = render(
+          <Drawer open={false} transitionDuration={transitionDuration} closeAfterTransition={false}>
+            <div />
+          </Drawer>,
+        );
+
+        setProps({ open: true });
+        clock.runToLast();
+
+        expect(document.body.style.overflow).to.equal('hidden');
+
+        setProps({ open: false });
+
+        expect(document.body.style.overflow).to.equal('');
+      });
+    });
+
+    describe('transition container', () => {
+      it.skipIf(isJsdom())('should slide relative to the drawer root by default', function test() {
+        let nodeExitingTransformStyle;
+        const { setProps } = render(
+          <Drawer
+            open
+            anchor="right"
+            slotProps={{
+              transition: {
+                onExit: (node) => {
+                  nodeExitingTransformStyle = node.style.transform;
+                },
+              },
+            }}
+          >
+            <div />
+          </Drawer>,
+        );
+
+        const root = document.querySelector(`.${classes.root}`);
+        const paper = document.querySelector(`.${classes.paper}`);
+
+        const rootRectStub = stub(root, 'getBoundingClientRect').callsFake(() => ({
+          width: 1000,
+          height: 500,
+          left: 0,
+          right: 1000,
+          top: 0,
+          bottom: 500,
+        }));
+        const paperRectStub = stub(paper, 'getBoundingClientRect').callsFake(() => ({
+          width: 200,
+          height: 500,
+          left: 800,
+          right: 1000,
+          top: 0,
+          bottom: 500,
+        }));
+
+        try {
+          setProps({ open: false });
+          expect(nodeExitingTransformStyle).to.equal('translateX(200px)');
+        } finally {
+          rootRectStub.restore();
+          paperRectStub.restore();
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
     describe('accessibility', () => {
       it('should have role="dialog" and aria-modal="true" when variant is temporary', () => {
         render(