diff --git a/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid-21L/builds.yaml b/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid-21L/builds.yaml
index b6c8116aa..39a872a55 100644
--- a/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid-21L/builds.yaml
+++ b/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid-21L/builds.yaml
@@ -389,33 +389,43 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region={region}'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 1m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_1m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
@@ -432,12 +442,22 @@ subsampling:
       group_by: "country week"
       max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
       max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
       max_sequences: 600
@@ -455,33 +475,43 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 2m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_2m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
@@ -491,128 +521,166 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
     africa_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 200
+      max_sequences: 100
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 6m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_6m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 50
+      max_sequences: 25
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
     africa_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_recent:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 200
+      max_sequences: 100
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over all-time
-  # 4000 total
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 4320 total (expect ~3200)
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_all_time:
     africa:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 250
+      max_sequences: 120
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
 # Root to clade 21L
diff --git a/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid/builds.yaml b/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid/builds.yaml
index 751b0bc4a..deb8de43e 100644
--- a/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid/builds.yaml
+++ b/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-gisaid/builds.yaml
@@ -381,33 +381,43 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region={region}'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 1m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_1m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
@@ -424,12 +434,22 @@ subsampling:
       group_by: "country week"
       max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
       max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
       max_sequences: 600
@@ -447,33 +467,43 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 2m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_2m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
@@ -483,128 +513,166 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
     africa_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 200
+      max_sequences: 100
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 6m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_6m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 50
+      max_sequences: 25
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
     africa_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_recent:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 200
+      max_sequences: 100
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over all-time
-  # 4000 total
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 4320 total (expect ~3200)
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_all_time:
     africa:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 250
+      max_sequences: 120
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
 # if different traits should be reconstructed for some builds, specify here
diff --git a/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-open/builds.yaml b/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-open/builds.yaml
index 25b32ea57..2d0eabeab 100644
--- a/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-open/builds.yaml
+++ b/nextstrain_profiles/nextstrain-open/builds.yaml
@@ -381,33 +381,43 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region={region}'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 1m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_1m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
@@ -424,15 +434,25 @@ subsampling:
       group_by: "country week"
       max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 1500
+      max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 1M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 1500
+      max_sequences: 600
       min_date: "--min-date 1M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
@@ -447,33 +467,43 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 2m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_2m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
@@ -483,128 +513,166 @@ subsampling:
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
     africa_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division week"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 2M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
       group_by: "country week"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_recent:
       group_by: "division week"
-      max_sequences: 200
+      max_sequences: 100
       min_date: "--min-date 2M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over 6m
-  # 4000 total
-  # 4:1 ratio of focal to context
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 5125 total (expect ~3400)
+  # 4:1 ratio of recent to early
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_6m:
     africa_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_early:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 125
+      max_date: "--max-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_early:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 150
+      max_sequences: 125
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_early:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 50
+      max_sequences: 25
       max_date: "--max-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
     africa_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china_recent:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india_recent:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 500
+      min_date: "--min-date 6M"
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america_recent:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america_recent:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 600
+      max_sequences: 500
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania_recent:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 200
+      max_sequences: 100
       min_date: "--min-date 6M"
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
   # Custom subsampling logic for global region over all-time
-  # 4000 total
-  # all regions equal except Oceania at 33%
+  # 4320 total (expect ~3200)
+  # all eight regions equal except Oceania at 20%
   nextstrain_global_all_time:
     africa:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Africa'"
     asia:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
-      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia'"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Asia' 'country=China' 'country=India'"
+    china:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=China'"
     europe:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Europe'"
+    india:
+      group_by: "division year month"
+      max_sequences: 600
+      exclude: "--exclude-where 'country!=India'"
     north_america:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=North America'"
     south_america:
       group_by: "country year month"
-      max_sequences: 750
+      max_sequences: 600
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=South America'"
     oceania:
       group_by: "division year month"
-      max_sequences: 250
+      max_sequences: 120
       exclude: "--exclude-where 'region!=Oceania'"
 
 # GenBank data includes "Wuhan-Hu-1/2019" which we use as the root for this build