Skip to content
Merged
Show file tree
Hide file tree
Changes from all commits
Commits
File filter

Filter by extension

Filter by extension


Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
10 changes: 7 additions & 3 deletions docs/_config.yml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
# Book settings
title: "dMRIPrep"
author: The dMRIPrep developers
title: "NiPreps"
author: The NiPreps developers
copywright: 2020
logo: images/logo.svg

# Sphinx customizations
sphinx:
extra_extensions:
- sphinx_exercise

# Execution settings
execute:
Expand Down
15 changes: 10 additions & 5 deletions docs/_toc.yml
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
# Table of content
# Learn more at https://jupyterbook.org/customize/toc.html
#

- file: welcome
- file: dmriprep/dmriprep
- file: dmriprep/gradient_table
- file: dmriprep/sdc
- file: dmriprep/hmc
- part: nipreps
chapters:
- file: nipreps/nipreps
- file: nipreps/community_development
- part: dmriprep
chapters:
- file: dmriprep/dmriprep
- file: dmriprep/gradient_table
- file: dmriprep/hmc
110 changes: 3 additions & 107 deletions docs/dmriprep/dmriprep.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,24 +1,9 @@
# About dMRIPrep

The pre-processing of dMRI involves numerous steps to reduce noise, remove artifacts, and standardize the data before fitting a particular model or carrying out tractography.

Generally, researchers create ad-hoc pre-processing workflows for each dataset, building upon a large inventory of available tools.
The complexity of these workflows has snowballed with rapid advances in acquisition parameters and processing steps.
The pre-processing of dMRI data involves numerous steps to reduce noise, remove artifacts, and standardize the data before fitting a particular model or carrying out tractography.

dMRIPrep is an analysis-agnostic tool that addresses the challenge of robust and reproducible pre-processing for whole-brain dMRI data.

## Motivation

The development and fast adoption of fMRIPrep [^esteban2019] have revealed that neuroscientists need tools that simplify their research workflow, provide visual reports and checkpoints, and engender trust in the tool itself.

In Botvinik et al., 2020 [^botvinik2020], 70 independent teams were tasked with analyzing the same fMRI dataset and testing 9 hypothesis.
The study demonstrated the huge amount of variability in analytic approaches as *no two teams* chose identical workflows.
One encouraging finding was that 48% of teams chose to pre-process the data using fMRIPrep.

A similar predicament exists in the field of dMRI analysis.
There has been a lot of effort in recent years to compare the influence of various pre-processing steps on tractography and structural connectivity [^oldham2020] [^schilling2019] and harmonize different datasets [^tax2019].
All of this points to a need for creating a standardized pipeline for pre-processing dMRI data that will reduce methodological variability and enable comparisons between different datasets and downstream analysis decisions.

## Development

In his 2019 ISMRM talk [^veraart2019], Jelle Veraart polled the developers of some of the major dMRI analysis software packages.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -57,97 +42,8 @@ Proposed dMRI pre-processing workflow
Current list of contributors to dMRIPrep
```

## Key Features

There are several other dMRI pre-processing pipelines being developed.
Below are some of dMRIPrep's key features.

### 1. Part of the NiPreps organization

```{image} ../images/sashimi.jpg
:name: sashimi
:width: 200px
:align: right
```

NiPreps are a collection of tools that work as an extension of the scanner in that they minimally pre-process the data and make them "safe to consume" for analysis - kinda like *sashimi*!

NiPreps pipelines are also:
- robust to different datasets
- easy to use (containerized software environment that can be run with single command)
- reproducible
- "glass box" architecture (all code/decisions visible on GitHub)
- regularly maintained

```{figure} ../images/nipreps-chart.svg
:name: nipreps_chart

Pipelines maintained by the NiPreps community
```

### 2. Automated workflows based on BIDS configuration

dMRIPrep only imposes a single constraint on the input dataset - being compliant with BIDS (Brain Imaging Data Structure).
BIDS enables consistency in how neuroimaging data is structured and ensures that the necessary metadata is complete.
This also minimizes human intervention in running the pipeline as it is able to adapt to the unique features of the input data and make decisions about whether a particular processing step is appropriate or not.

- head motion correction algorithm based on shell sampling
- FSL eddy or Sparse Fascicle Model (SFM) for single-shell
- 3D-SHORE for multi-shell/Cartesian grid
- distortion correction strategy based on input fieldmap
- parsing phase encoding direction and total readout time for applying distortion correction
- shell distribution - algorithms that require information redundancy cannot be applied to sparse sampling schemes

### 3. Quality control reportlets

```{figure} ../images/dwi_reportlet.gif
:name: reportlet
```

### 4. Continuous integration and deployment

```{tabbed} unittest
Checks whether a function or class method behaves as expected.

![unittest](../images/unittest.png)

```

```{tabbed} doctest
Also checks whether code behaves as expected and serves as an example for how to use the code.

![doctest1](../images/doctest1.png)

![doctest2](../images/doctest2.png)

```

```{tabbed} integration test
Checks the behaviour of a system (multiple pieces of code).
Can also be used to determine whether the system is behaving suboptimally.

![integration_test](../images/integration_test.png)

```

```{tabbed} build test
Checks that code or software environment can be compiled and deployed.

![build_test](../images/build_test.png)

```

---
## References

[^esteban2019]: Esteban, O., Markiewicz, C.J., Blair, R.W. et al. fMRIPrep: a robust preprocessing pipeline for functional MRI. Nat Methods 16, 111–116 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-018-0235-4

[^botvinik2020]: Botvinik-Nezer, R., Holzmeister, F., Camerer, C.F. et al. Variability in the analysis of a single neuroimaging dataset by many teams. Nature 582, 84–88 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2314-9

[^oldham2020]: Oldham, S., Arnatkevic̆iūtė, A., Smith, R.W., et al. The efficacy of different preprocessing steps in reducing motion-related confounds in diffusion MRI connectomics. NeuroImage 222 117252 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117252

[^schilling2019]: Schilling, K. G., Daducci, A., Maier-Hein, K., Poupon, C., Houde, J. C., Nath, V., Anderson, A. W., Landman, B. A., & Descoteaux, M. (2019). Challenges in diffusion MRI tractography - Lessons learned from international benchmark competitions. Magnetic resonance imaging, 57, 194–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2018.11.014

[^tax2019]: Tax, C. M., Grussu, F., Kaden, E., Ning, L., Rudrapatna, U., John Evans, C., St-Jean, S., Leemans, A., Koppers, S., Merhof, D., Ghosh, A., Tanno, R., Alexander, D. C., Zappalà, S., Charron, C., Kusmia, S., Linden, D. E., Jones, D. K., & Veraart, J. (2019). Cross-scanner and cross-protocol diffusion MRI data harmonisation: A benchmark database and evaluation of algorithms. NeuroImage, 195, 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.077
## References

[^veraart2019]: Image Processing: Possible Guidelines for Standardization & Clinical Applications. https://www.ismrm.org/19/program_files/MIS15.htm
[^veraart2019]: Image Processing: Possible Guidelines for Standardization & Clinical Applications. https://www.ismrm.org/19/program_files/MIS15.htm
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/dmriprep/gradient_table.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -217,4 +217,4 @@ $ dwigradcheck -fslgrad ../../data/sub-02_dwi.bvec ../../data/sub-02_dwi.bval ..
19.49 0 (2, 1, 0) scanner
19.45 2 (2, 1, 0) image
19.43 none (1, 2, 0) scanner
```
```
1 change: 0 additions & 1 deletion docs/dmriprep/sdc.md

This file was deleted.

Loading