diff --git a/doc/release/upcoming_changes/23998.expired.rst b/doc/release/upcoming_changes/23998.expired.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f2c065ab27e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/release/upcoming_changes/23998.expired.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+* The deprecation of ``set_numeric_ops`` and the C functions
+  ``PyArray_SetNumericOps`` and ``PyArray_GetNumericOps`` has
+  been expired and the functions removed.  (Deprecated NumPy 1.16)
diff --git a/doc/source/reference/c-api/array.rst b/doc/source/reference/c-api/array.rst
index 038702bcf118..c1d83ee0ef31 100644
--- a/doc/source/reference/c-api/array.rst
+++ b/doc/source/reference/c-api/array.rst
@@ -3246,47 +3246,6 @@ extension with the lowest :c:data:`NPY_FEATURE_VERSION` as possible.
 Internal Flexibility
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-.. c:function:: int PyArray_SetNumericOps(PyObject* dict)
-
-    NumPy stores an internal table of Python callable objects that are
-    used to implement arithmetic operations for arrays as well as
-    certain array calculation methods. This function allows the user
-    to replace any or all of these Python objects with their own
-    versions. The keys of the dictionary, *dict*, are the named
-    functions to replace and the paired value is the Python callable
-    object to use. Care should be taken that the function used to
-    replace an internal array operation does not itself call back to
-    that internal array operation (unless you have designed the
-    function to handle that), or an unchecked infinite recursion can
-    result (possibly causing program crash). The key names that
-    represent operations that can be replaced are:
-
-        **add**, **subtract**, **multiply**, **divide**,
-        **remainder**, **power**, **square**, **reciprocal**,
-        **ones_like**, **sqrt**, **negative**, **positive**,
-        **absolute**, **invert**, **left_shift**, **right_shift**,
-        **bitwise_and**, **bitwise_xor**, **bitwise_or**,
-        **less**, **less_equal**, **equal**, **not_equal**,
-        **greater**, **greater_equal**, **floor_divide**,
-        **true_divide**, **logical_or**, **logical_and**,
-        **floor**, **ceil**, **maximum**, **minimum**, **rint**.
-
-
-    These functions are included here because they are used at least once
-    in the array object's methods. The function returns -1 (without
-    setting a Python Error) if one of the objects being assigned is not
-    callable.
-
-    .. deprecated:: 1.16
-
-.. c:function:: PyObject* PyArray_GetNumericOps(void)
-
-    Return a Python dictionary containing the callable Python objects
-    stored in the internal arithmetic operation table. The keys of
-    this dictionary are given in the explanation for :c:func:`PyArray_SetNumericOps`.
-
-    .. deprecated:: 1.16
-
 .. c:function:: void PyArray_SetStringFunction(PyObject* op, int repr)
 
     This function allows you to alter the tp_str and tp_repr methods
diff --git a/numpy/__init__.cython-30.pxd b/numpy/__init__.cython-30.pxd
index 5cf075d556de..72829c23ba7b 100644
--- a/numpy/__init__.cython-30.pxd
+++ b/numpy/__init__.cython-30.pxd
@@ -548,8 +548,6 @@ cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
     # Functions taking dtype and returning object/ndarray are disabled
     # for now as they steal dtype references. I'm conservative and disable
     # more than is probably needed until it can be checked further.
-    int PyArray_SetNumericOps (object) except -1
-    object PyArray_GetNumericOps ()
     int PyArray_INCREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_INCREF...
     int PyArray_XDECREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_DECREF...
     void PyArray_SetStringFunction (object, int)
diff --git a/numpy/__init__.pxd b/numpy/__init__.pxd
index a82392a39f68..7eb20daaaeb9 100644
--- a/numpy/__init__.pxd
+++ b/numpy/__init__.pxd
@@ -506,8 +506,6 @@ cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
     # Functions taking dtype and returning object/ndarray are disabled
     # for now as they steal dtype references. I'm conservative and disable
     # more than is probably needed until it can be checked further.
-    int PyArray_SetNumericOps (object) except -1
-    object PyArray_GetNumericOps ()
     int PyArray_INCREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_INCREF...
     int PyArray_XDECREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_DECREF...
     void PyArray_SetStringFunction (object, int)
diff --git a/numpy/core/_add_newdocs.py b/numpy/core/_add_newdocs.py
index 65a6c278b9ba..670c974975ba 100644
--- a/numpy/core/_add_newdocs.py
+++ b/numpy/core/_add_newdocs.py
@@ -1822,56 +1822,6 @@
 
     """)
 
-add_newdoc('numpy.core.multiarray', 'set_numeric_ops',
-    """
-    set_numeric_ops(op1=func1, op2=func2, ...)
-
-    Set numerical operators for array objects.
-
-    .. deprecated:: 1.16
-
-        For the general case, use :c:func:`PyUFunc_ReplaceLoopBySignature`.
-        For ndarray subclasses, define the ``__array_ufunc__`` method and
-        override the relevant ufunc.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    op1, op2, ... : callable
-        Each ``op = func`` pair describes an operator to be replaced.
-        For example, ``add = lambda x, y: np.add(x, y) % 5`` would replace
-        addition by modulus 5 addition.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    saved_ops : list of callables
-        A list of all operators, stored before making replacements.
-
-    Notes
-    -----
-    .. warning::
-       Use with care!  Incorrect usage may lead to memory errors.
-
-    A function replacing an operator cannot make use of that operator.
-    For example, when replacing add, you may not use ``+``.  Instead,
-    directly call ufuncs.
-
-    Examples
-    --------
-    >>> def add_mod5(x, y):
-    ...     return np.add(x, y) % 5
-    ...
-    >>> old_funcs = np.set_numeric_ops(add=add_mod5)
-
-    >>> x = np.arange(12).reshape((3, 4))
-    >>> x + x
-    array([[0, 2, 4, 1],
-           [3, 0, 2, 4],
-           [1, 3, 0, 2]])
-
-    >>> ignore = np.set_numeric_ops(**old_funcs) # restore operators
-
-    """)
-
 add_newdoc('numpy.core.multiarray', 'promote_types',
     """
     promote_types(type1, type2)
diff --git a/numpy/core/code_generators/cversions.txt b/numpy/core/code_generators/cversions.txt
index 6efebb14df09..9f82c6d70d17 100644
--- a/numpy/core/code_generators/cversions.txt
+++ b/numpy/core/code_generators/cversions.txt
@@ -73,4 +73,4 @@
 0x00000011 = ca1aebdad799358149567d9d93cbca09
 
 # Version 18 (NumPy 2.0.0)
-0x00000012 = 4c86e23257f345e755945dfb21c04120
+0x00000012 = 5af92e858ce8e95409ae1fcc8f508ddd
diff --git a/numpy/core/code_generators/numpy_api.py b/numpy/core/code_generators/numpy_api.py
index 97457ff56cf6..72fb86d92cfe 100644
--- a/numpy/core/code_generators/numpy_api.py
+++ b/numpy/core/code_generators/numpy_api.py
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ def get_annotations():
 # define _PyArrayScalar_BoolValues ((PyBoolScalarObject *)PyArray_API[8])
 
 multiarray_funcs_api = {
-    '__unused_indices__': [67, 68, 163, 164, 201, 202, 278, 291],
+    '__unused_indices__': [40, 41, 67, 68, 163, 164, 201, 202, 278, 291],
     'PyArray_GetNDArrayCVersion':           (0,),
-    'PyArray_SetNumericOps':                (40,),
-    'PyArray_GetNumericOps':                (41,),
+    # Unused slot 40, was `PyArray_SetNumericOps`
+    # Unused slot 41, was `PyArray_GetNumericOps`,
     'PyArray_INCREF':                       (42,),
     'PyArray_XDECREF':                      (43,),
     'PyArray_SetStringFunction':            (44,),
diff --git a/numpy/core/multiarray.py b/numpy/core/multiarray.py
index dfa451d885f9..266904e17fd2 100644
--- a/numpy/core/multiarray.py
+++ b/numpy/core/multiarray.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     'min_scalar_type', 'ndarray', 'nditer', 'nested_iters',
     'normalize_axis_index', 'packbits', 'promote_types', 'putmask',
     'ravel_multi_index', 'result_type', 'scalar', 'set_datetimeparse_function',
-    'set_legacy_print_mode', 'set_numeric_ops', 'set_string_function',
+    'set_legacy_print_mode', 'set_string_function',
     'set_typeDict', 'shares_memory', 'tracemalloc_domain', 'typeinfo',
     'unpackbits', 'unravel_index', 'vdot', 'where', 'zeros',
     '_get_promotion_state', '_set_promotion_state']
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@
 may_share_memory.__module__ = 'numpy'
 nested_iters.__module__ = 'numpy'
 promote_types.__module__ = 'numpy'
-set_numeric_ops.__module__ = 'numpy'
 zeros.__module__ = 'numpy'
 _get_promotion_state.__module__ = 'numpy'
 _set_promotion_state.__module__ = 'numpy'
diff --git a/numpy/core/numeric.py b/numpy/core/numeric.py
index 88a39fcf4a8f..0434928d5059 100644
--- a/numpy/core/numeric.py
+++ b/numpy/core/numeric.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
     empty_like, flatiter, frombuffer, from_dlpack, fromfile, fromiter,
     fromstring, inner, lexsort, matmul, may_share_memory,
     min_scalar_type, ndarray, nditer, nested_iters, promote_types,
-    putmask, result_type, set_numeric_ops, shares_memory, vdot, where,
+    putmask, result_type, shares_memory, vdot, where,
     zeros, normalize_axis_index, _get_promotion_state, _set_promotion_state)
 
 from . import overrides
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     'asfortranarray', 'zeros', 'count_nonzero', 'empty', 'broadcast', 'dtype',
     'fromstring', 'fromfile', 'frombuffer', 'from_dlpack', 'where',
     'argwhere', 'copyto', 'concatenate', 'fastCopyAndTranspose', 'lexsort',
-    'set_numeric_ops', 'can_cast', 'promote_types', 'min_scalar_type',
+    'can_cast', 'promote_types', 'min_scalar_type',
     'result_type', 'isfortran', 'empty_like', 'zeros_like', 'ones_like',
     'correlate', 'convolve', 'inner', 'dot', 'outer', 'vdot', 'roll',
     'rollaxis', 'moveaxis', 'cross', 'tensordot', 'little_endian',
diff --git a/numpy/core/src/multiarray/_multiarray_tests.c.src b/numpy/core/src/multiarray/_multiarray_tests.c.src
index b38383037b76..c2d53ef4eae2 100644
--- a/numpy/core/src/multiarray/_multiarray_tests.c.src
+++ b/numpy/core/src/multiarray/_multiarray_tests.c.src
@@ -2129,20 +2129,6 @@ printf_float_g(PyObject *NPY_UNUSED(dummy), PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
     return PrintFloat_Printf_g(obj, precision);
 }
 
-static PyObject *
-getset_numericops(PyObject* NPY_UNUSED(self), PyObject* NPY_UNUSED(args))
-{
-    PyObject *ret;
-    PyObject *ops = PyArray_GetNumericOps();
-    if (ops == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    ret = PyLong_FromLong(PyArray_SetNumericOps(ops));
-    Py_DECREF(ops);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-
 static PyObject *
 run_byteorder_converter(PyObject* NPY_UNUSED(self), PyObject *args)
 {
@@ -2424,9 +2410,6 @@ static PyMethodDef Multiarray_TestsMethods[] = {
     {"get_fpu_mode",
         get_fpu_mode,
         METH_VARARGS, get_fpu_mode_doc},
-    {"getset_numericops",
-        getset_numericops,
-        METH_NOARGS, NULL},
 /**begin repeat
  * #name = cabs, carg#
  */
diff --git a/numpy/core/src/multiarray/multiarraymodule.c b/numpy/core/src/multiarray/multiarraymodule.c
index 024f41df9499..a47528d17bd2 100644
--- a/numpy/core/src/multiarray/multiarraymodule.c
+++ b/numpy/core/src/multiarray/multiarraymodule.c
@@ -3282,30 +3282,6 @@ array_set_string_function(PyObject *NPY_UNUSED(self), PyObject *args,
     Py_RETURN_NONE;
 }
 
-static PyObject *
-array_set_ops_function(PyObject *NPY_UNUSED(self), PyObject *NPY_UNUSED(args),
-        PyObject *kwds)
-{
-    PyObject *oldops = NULL;
-
-    if ((oldops = _PyArray_GetNumericOps()) == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    /*
-     * Should probably ensure that objects are at least callable
-     *  Leave this to the caller for now --- error will be raised
-     *  later when use is attempted
-     */
-    if (kwds && PyArray_SetNumericOps(kwds) == -1) {
-        Py_DECREF(oldops);
-        if (PyErr_Occurred() == NULL) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                "one or more objects not callable");
-        }
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    return oldops;
-}
 
 static PyObject *
 array_set_datetimeparse_function(PyObject *NPY_UNUSED(self),
@@ -4451,9 +4427,6 @@ static struct PyMethodDef array_module_methods[] = {
     {"set_string_function",
         (PyCFunction)array_set_string_function,
         METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, NULL},
-    {"set_numeric_ops",
-        (PyCFunction)array_set_ops_function,
-        METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, NULL},
     {"set_datetimeparse_function",
         (PyCFunction)array_set_datetimeparse_function,
         METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, NULL},
diff --git a/numpy/core/src/multiarray/number.c b/numpy/core/src/multiarray/number.c
index 35e4af79c8d7..2ab7a3f789d0 100644
--- a/numpy/core/src/multiarray/number.c
+++ b/numpy/core/src/multiarray/number.c
@@ -121,20 +121,6 @@ _PyArray_SetNumericOps(PyObject *dict)
     return 0;
 }
 
-/*NUMPY_API
- *Set internal structure with number functions that all arrays will use
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT int
-PyArray_SetNumericOps(PyObject *dict)
-{
-    /* 2018-09-09, 1.16 */
-    if (DEPRECATE("PyArray_SetNumericOps is deprecated. Use "
-        "PyUFunc_ReplaceLoopBySignature to replace ufunc inner loop functions "
-        "instead.") < 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return _PyArray_SetNumericOps(dict);
-}
 
 /* Note - macro contains goto */
 #define GET(op) if (n_ops.op &&                                         \
@@ -192,19 +178,6 @@ _PyArray_GetNumericOps(void)
     return NULL;
 }
 
-/*NUMPY_API
-  Get dictionary showing number functions that all arrays will use
-*/
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_GetNumericOps(void)
-{
-    /* 2018-09-09, 1.16 */
-    if (DEPRECATE("PyArray_GetNumericOps is deprecated.") < 0) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    return _PyArray_GetNumericOps();
-}
-
 static PyObject *
 _get_keywords(int rtype, PyArrayObject *out)
 {
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/test_deprecations.py b/numpy/core/tests/test_deprecations.py
index 7d512a11f23e..3f1d3e3c1ca5 100644
--- a/numpy/core/tests/test_deprecations.py
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/test_deprecations.py
@@ -356,18 +356,6 @@ def test_deprecate_unparsable_string(self, invalid_str):
             assert_array_equal(res, x)
 
 
-class Test_GetSet_NumericOps(_DeprecationTestCase):
-    # 2018-09-20, 1.16.0
-    def test_get_numeric_ops(self):
-        from numpy.core._multiarray_tests import getset_numericops
-        self.assert_deprecated(getset_numericops, num=2)
-
-        # empty kwargs prevents any state actually changing which would break
-        # other tests.
-        self.assert_deprecated(np.set_numeric_ops, kwargs={})
-        assert_raises(ValueError, np.set_numeric_ops, add='abc')
-
-
 class TestShape1Fields(_DeprecationTestCase):
     warning_cls = FutureWarning
 
diff --git a/tools/functions_missing_types.py b/tools/functions_missing_types.py
index 99c6887a981b..481e0720944f 100755
--- a/tools/functions_missing_types.py
+++ b/tools/functions_missing_types.py
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
         "numarray",
         "oldnumeric",
         "safe_eval",
-        "set_numeric_ops",
         "test",
         "typeDict",
         # Builtins