From 1e4c8a7dbbc87a0cef77037b328052b616dcd239 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: chenzihong-gavin Date: Wed, 27 Aug 2025 15:06:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] docs: update README --- README.md | 2 ++ README_ZH.md | 2 ++ 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 2a1ed1b5..efa6083c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ Here is post-training result which **over 50% SFT data** comes from GraphGen and It begins by constructing a fine-grained knowledge graph from the source text，then identifies knowledge gaps in LLMs using the expected calibration error metric, prioritizing the generation of QA pairs that target high-value, long-tail knowledge. Furthermore, GraphGen incorporates multi-hop neighborhood sampling to capture complex relational information and employs style-controlled generation to diversify the resulting QA data. +After data generation, you can use [LLaMA-Factory](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory) and [xtuner](https://github.com/InternLM/xtuner) to finetune your LLMs. + ## 📌 Latest Updates - **2025.08.14**: We have added support for community detection in knowledge graphs using the Leiden algorithm, enabling the synthesis of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) data. diff --git a/README_ZH.md b/README_ZH.md index 6690b9b2..df8a4470 100644 --- a/README_ZH.md +++ b/README_ZH.md @@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ GraphGen 是一个基于知识图谱引导的合成数据生成框架。请查 GraphGen 首先根据源文本构建细粒度的知识图谱，然后利用期望校准误差指标识别大语言模型中的知识缺口，优先生成针对高价值长尾知识的问答对。 此外，GraphGen 采用多跳邻域采样捕获复杂关系信息，并使用风格控制生成来丰富问答数据的多样性。 +在数据生成后，您可以使用[LLaMA-Factory](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory) 和 [xtuner](https://github.com/InternLM/xtuner)对大语言模型进行微调。 + ## 📌 最新更新 - **2025.08.14**：支持利用 Leiden 社区发现算法对知识图谱进行社区划分，合成 CoT 数据。 From 3b4eb7591b36a2f3afbc3b518d8b8787ac1926bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: chenzihong-gavin Date: Thu, 28 Aug 2025 16:10:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] feat: support alpaca, sharegpt & chatml output format --- graphgen/configs/README.md | 1 + graphgen/configs/aggregated_config.yaml | 39 +- graphgen/configs/atomic_config.yaml | 39 +- graphgen/configs/cot_config.yaml | 15 +- graphgen/configs/multi_hop_config.yaml | 39 +- graphgen/generate.py | 48 +- graphgen/graphgen.py | 126 ++- graphgen/models/__init__.py | 3 +- graphgen/models/storage/base_storage.py | 29 +- graphgen/models/storage/json_storage.py | 42 +- graphgen/operators/__init__.py | 3 +- graphgen/operators/judge.py | 135 +-- graphgen/operators/traverse_graph.py | 28 +- graphgen/utils/__init__.py | 1 + graphgen/utils/format.py | 57 +- resources/README.md | 67 ++ resources/output_examples/aggregated.json | 47 - .../output_examples/aggregated_chatml.json | 98 ++ resources/output_examples/atomic.json | 882 ------------------ resources/output_examples/atomic_alpaca.json | 52 ++ resources/output_examples/cot.json | 47 - resources/output_examples/cot_sharegpt.json | 122 +++ resources/output_examples/multi-hop.json | 167 ---- .../output_examples/multi-hop_chatml.json | 122 +++ 24 files changed, 815 insertions(+), 1394 deletions(-) create mode 100644 graphgen/configs/README.md create mode 100644 resources/README.md delete mode 100644 resources/output_examples/aggregated.json create mode 100644 resources/output_examples/aggregated_chatml.json delete mode 100644 resources/output_examples/atomic.json create mode 100644 resources/output_examples/atomic_alpaca.json delete mode 100644 resources/output_examples/cot.json create mode 100644 resources/output_examples/cot_sharegpt.json delete mode 100644 resources/output_examples/multi-hop.json create mode 100644 resources/output_examples/multi-hop_chatml.json diff --git a/graphgen/configs/README.md b/graphgen/configs/README.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..afa815cd --- /dev/null +++ b/graphgen/configs/README.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +# Configs for GraphGen diff --git a/graphgen/configs/aggregated_config.yaml b/graphgen/configs/aggregated_config.yaml index d620d60c..e13a6606 100644 --- a/graphgen/configs/aggregated_config.yaml +++ b/graphgen/configs/aggregated_config.yaml @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ -input_data_type: raw -input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl -output_data_type: aggregated -tokenizer: cl100k_base -quiz_samples: 2 -traverse_strategy: - bidirectional: true - edge_sampling: max_loss - expand_method: max_width - isolated_node_strategy: ignore - max_depth: 5 - max_extra_edges: 20 - max_tokens: 256 - loss_strategy: only_edge -search: - enabled: false - search_types: ["google"] -re_judge: false +input_data_type: raw # raw, chunked +input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl # input file path, support json, jsonl, txt. See resources/input_examples for examples +output_data_type: aggregated # atomic, aggregated, multi_hop, cot +output_data_format: ChatML # Alpaca, Sharegpt, ChatML +tokenizer: cl100k_base # tokenizer for counting tokens, support tiktoken tokenizer names and local tokenizer path +search: # web search configuration + enabled: false # whether to enable web search + search_types: ["google"] # search engine types, support: google, bing, uniprot, wikipedia +quiz_and_judge_strategy: # quiz and test whether the LLM masters the knowledge points + enabled: true + quiz_samples: 2 # number of quiz samples to generate + re_judge: false # whether to re-judge the existing quiz samples +traverse_strategy: # strategy for clustering sub-graphs using comprehension loss + bidirectional: true # whether to traverse the graph in both directions + edge_sampling: max_loss # edge sampling strategy, support: random, max_loss, min_loss + expand_method: max_width # expand method, support: max_width, max_depth + isolated_node_strategy: ignore # strategy for isolated nodes, support: ignore, add + max_depth: 5 # maximum depth for graph traversal + max_extra_edges: 20 # max edges per direction (if expand_method="max_width") + max_tokens: 256 # restricts input length (if expand_method="max_tokens") + loss_strategy: only_edge # defines loss computation focus, support: only_edge, both diff --git a/graphgen/configs/atomic_config.yaml b/graphgen/configs/atomic_config.yaml index 1c026f48..8e2c081f 100644 --- a/graphgen/configs/atomic_config.yaml +++ b/graphgen/configs/atomic_config.yaml @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ -input_data_type: raw -input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl -output_data_type: atomic -tokenizer: cl100k_base -quiz_samples: 2 -traverse_strategy: - bidirectional: true - edge_sampling: max_loss - expand_method: max_width - isolated_node_strategy: ignore - max_depth: 3 - max_extra_edges: 5 - max_tokens: 256 - loss_strategy: only_edge -search: - enabled: false - search_types: ["google"] -re_judge: false +input_data_type: raw # raw, chunked +input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl # input file path, support json, jsonl, txt. See resources/input_examples for examples +output_data_type: atomic # atomic, aggregated, multi_hop, cot +output_data_format: Alpaca # Alpaca, Sharegpt, ChatML +tokenizer: cl100k_base # tokenizer for counting tokens, support tiktoken tokenizer names and local tokenizer path +search: # web search configuration + enabled: false # whether to enable web search + search_types: ["google"] # search engine types, support: google, bing, uniprot, wikipedia +quiz_and_judge_strategy: # quiz and test whether the LLM masters the knowledge points + enabled: true + quiz_samples: 2 # number of quiz samples to generate + re_judge: false # whether to re-judge the existing quiz samples +traverse_strategy: # strategy for clustering sub-graphs using comprehension loss + bidirectional: true # whether to traverse the graph in both directions + edge_sampling: max_loss # edge sampling strategy, support: random, max_loss, min_loss + expand_method: max_width # expand method, support: max_width, max_depth + isolated_node_strategy: ignore # strategy for isolated nodes, support: ignore, add + max_depth: 3 # maximum depth for graph traversal + max_extra_edges: 5 # max edges per direction (if expand_method="max_width") + max_tokens: 256 # restricts input length (if expand_method="max_tokens") + loss_strategy: only_edge # defines loss computation focus, support: only_edge, both diff --git a/graphgen/configs/cot_config.yaml b/graphgen/configs/cot_config.yaml index 2a9e7930..1073e97d 100644 --- a/graphgen/configs/cot_config.yaml +++ b/graphgen/configs/cot_config.yaml @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ -input_data_type: raw -input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl -output_data_type: cot -tokenizer: cl100k_base -search: - enabled: false - search_types: [] +input_data_type: raw # raw, chunked +input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl # input file path, support json, jsonl, txt. See resources/input_examples for examples +output_data_type: cot # atomic, aggregated, multi_hop, cot +output_data_format: Sharegpt # Alpaca, Sharegpt, ChatML +tokenizer: cl100k_base # tokenizer for counting tokens, support tiktoken tokenizer names and local tokenizer path +search: # web search configuration + enabled: false # whether to enable web search + search_types: ["google"] # search engine types, support: google, bing, uniprot, wikipedia method_params: method: leiden max_size: 20 # Maximum size of communities diff --git a/graphgen/configs/multi_hop_config.yaml b/graphgen/configs/multi_hop_config.yaml index 92ee446f..530edcd1 100644 --- a/graphgen/configs/multi_hop_config.yaml +++ b/graphgen/configs/multi_hop_config.yaml @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ -input_data_type: raw -input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl -output_data_type: multi_hop -tokenizer: cl100k_base -quiz_samples: 2 -traverse_strategy: - bidirectional: true - edge_sampling: max_loss - expand_method: max_width - isolated_node_strategy: ignore - max_depth: 1 - max_extra_edges: 2 - max_tokens: 256 - loss_strategy: only_edge -search: - enabled: false - search_types: ["google"] -re_judge: false +input_data_type: raw # raw, chunked +input_file: resources/input_examples/raw_demo.jsonl # input file path, support json, jsonl, txt. See resources/input_examples for examples +output_data_type: multi_hop # atomic, aggregated, multi_hop, cot +output_data_format: ChatML # Alpaca, Sharegpt, ChatML +tokenizer: cl100k_base # tokenizer for counting tokens, support tiktoken tokenizer names and local tokenizer path +search: # web search configuration + enabled: false # whether to enable web search + search_types: ["google"] # search engine types, support: google, bing, uniprot, wikipedia +quiz_and_judge_strategy: # quiz and test whether the LLM masters the knowledge points + enabled: true + quiz_samples: 2 # number of quiz samples to generate + re_judge: false # whether to re-judge the existing quiz samples +traverse_strategy: # strategy for clustering sub-graphs using comprehension loss + bidirectional: true # whether to traverse the graph in both directions + edge_sampling: max_loss # edge sampling strategy, support: random, max_loss, min_loss + expand_method: max_width # expand method, support: max_width, max_depth + isolated_node_strategy: ignore # strategy for isolated nodes, support: ignore, add + max_depth: 1 # maximum depth for graph traversal + max_extra_edges: 2 # max edges per direction (if expand_method="max_width") + max_tokens: 256 # restricts input length (if expand_method="max_tokens") + loss_strategy: only_edge # defines loss computation focus, support: only_edge, both diff --git a/graphgen/generate.py b/graphgen/generate.py index 6c39c79d..eec168d6 100644 --- a/graphgen/generate.py +++ b/graphgen/generate.py @@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ from dotenv import load_dotenv from .graphgen import GraphGen -from .models import OpenAIModel, Tokenizer, TraverseStrategy -from .utils import logger, read_file, set_logger +from .utils import logger, set_logger sys_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)) @@ -53,10 +52,8 @@ def main(): with open(args.config_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f: config = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader) - input_file = config["input_file"] - data = read_file(input_file) - output_data_type = config["output_data_type"] + output_data_type = config["output_data_type"] unique_id = int(time.time()) set_logger( os.path.join( @@ -72,41 +69,26 @@ def main(): ), ) - tokenizer_instance = Tokenizer(model_name=config["tokenizer"]) - synthesizer_llm_client = OpenAIModel( - model_name=os.getenv("SYNTHESIZER_MODEL"), - api_key=os.getenv("SYNTHESIZER_API_KEY"), - base_url=os.getenv("SYNTHESIZER_BASE_URL"), - tokenizer_instance=tokenizer_instance, - ) - trainee_llm_client = OpenAIModel( - model_name=os.getenv("TRAINEE_MODEL"), - api_key=os.getenv("TRAINEE_API_KEY"), - base_url=os.getenv("TRAINEE_BASE_URL"), - tokenizer_instance=tokenizer_instance, - ) - - graph_gen = GraphGen( - working_dir=working_dir, - unique_id=unique_id, - synthesizer_llm_client=synthesizer_llm_client, - trainee_llm_client=trainee_llm_client, - search_config=config["search"], - tokenizer_instance=tokenizer_instance, - ) + graph_gen = GraphGen(working_dir=working_dir, unique_id=unique_id, config=config) - graph_gen.insert(data, config["input_data_type"]) + graph_gen.insert() if config["search"]["enabled"]: graph_gen.search() # Use pipeline according to the output data type if output_data_type in ["atomic", "aggregated", "multi_hop"]: - graph_gen.quiz(max_samples=config["quiz_samples"]) - graph_gen.judge(re_judge=config["re_judge"]) - traverse_strategy = TraverseStrategy(**config["traverse_strategy"]) - traverse_strategy.qa_form = output_data_type - graph_gen.traverse(traverse_strategy=traverse_strategy) + if "quiz_and_judge_strategy" in config and config[ + "quiz_and_judge_strategy" + ].get("enabled", False): + graph_gen.quiz() + graph_gen.judge() + else: + logger.warning( + "Quiz and Judge strategy is disabled. Edge sampling falls back to random." + ) + graph_gen.traverse_strategy.edge_sampling = "random" + graph_gen.traverse() elif output_data_type == "cot": graph_gen.generate_reasoning(method_params=config["method_params"]) else: diff --git a/graphgen/graphgen.py b/graphgen/graphgen.py index 0486f7fa..7b7b302a 100644 --- a/graphgen/graphgen.py +++ b/graphgen/graphgen.py @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from .models import ( Chunk, JsonKVStorage, + JsonListStorage, NetworkXStorage, OpenAIModel, Tokenizer, @@ -22,12 +23,17 @@ judge_statement, quiz, search_all, - skip_judge_statement, traverse_graph_atomically, traverse_graph_by_edge, traverse_graph_for_multi_hop, ) -from .utils import compute_content_hash, create_event_loop, logger +from .utils import ( + compute_content_hash, + create_event_loop, + format_generation_results, + logger, + read_file, +) sys_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..")) @@ -36,25 +42,52 @@ class GraphGen: unique_id: int = int(time.time()) working_dir: str = os.path.join(sys_path, "cache") - - # text chunking - chunk_size: int = 1024 - chunk_overlap_size: int = 100 + config: Dict = field(default_factory=dict) # llm + tokenizer_instance: Tokenizer = None synthesizer_llm_client: OpenAIModel = None trainee_llm_client: OpenAIModel = None - tokenizer_instance: Tokenizer = None + + # text chunking + # TODO: make it configurable + chunk_size: int = 1024 + chunk_overlap_size: int = 100 # search search_config: dict = field( default_factory=lambda: {"enabled": False, "search_types": ["wikipedia"]} ) + # traversal + traverse_strategy: TraverseStrategy = None + # webui progress_bar: gr.Progress = None def __post_init__(self): + self.tokenizer_instance: Tokenizer = Tokenizer( + model_name=self.config["tokenizer"] + ) + self.synthesizer_llm_client: OpenAIModel = OpenAIModel( + model_name=os.getenv("SYNTHESIZER_MODEL"), + api_key=os.getenv("SYNTHESIZER_API_KEY"), + base_url=os.getenv("SYNTHESIZER_BASE_URL"), + tokenizer_instance=self.tokenizer_instance, + ) + self.trainee_llm_client: OpenAIModel = OpenAIModel( + model_name=os.getenv("TRAINEE_MODEL"), + api_key=os.getenv("TRAINEE_API_KEY"), + base_url=os.getenv("TRAINEE_BASE_URL"), + tokenizer_instance=self.tokenizer_instance, + ) + self.search_config = self.config["search"] + + if "traverse_strategy" in self.config: + self.traverse_strategy = TraverseStrategy( + **self.config["traverse_strategy"] + ) + self.full_docs_storage: JsonKVStorage = JsonKVStorage( self.working_dir, namespace="full_docs" ) @@ -70,7 +103,7 @@ def __post_init__(self): self.rephrase_storage: JsonKVStorage = JsonKVStorage( self.working_dir, namespace="rephrase" ) - self.qa_storage: JsonKVStorage = JsonKVStorage( + self.qa_storage: JsonListStorage = JsonListStorage( os.path.join(self.working_dir, "data", "graphgen", str(self.unique_id)), namespace=f"qa-{self.unique_id}", ) @@ -78,7 +111,7 @@ def __post_init__(self): async def async_split_chunks( self, data: List[Union[List, Dict]], data_type: str ) -> dict: - # TODO： 是否进行指代消解 + # TODO: configurable whether to use coreference resolution if len(data) == 0: return {} @@ -168,16 +201,19 @@ async def async_split_chunks( return inserting_chunks - def insert(self, data: Union[List[list], List[dict]], data_type: str): + def insert(self): loop = create_event_loop() - loop.run_until_complete(self.async_insert(data, data_type)) + loop.run_until_complete(self.async_insert()) - async def async_insert(self, data: Union[List[list], List[dict]], data_type: str): + async def async_insert(self): """ - insert chunks into the graph """ + input_file = self.config["input_file"] + data_type = self.config["input_data_type"] + data = read_file(input_file) + inserting_chunks = await self.async_split_chunks(data, data_type) if len(inserting_chunks) == 0: @@ -251,13 +287,15 @@ async def async_search(self): for key in list(search_data.keys()) ] ) - await self.async_insert(search_results, "raw") + # TODO: fix insert after search + await self.async_insert() - def quiz(self, max_samples=1): + def quiz(self): loop = create_event_loop() - loop.run_until_complete(self.async_quiz(max_samples)) + loop.run_until_complete(self.async_quiz()) - async def async_quiz(self, max_samples=1): + async def async_quiz(self): + max_samples = self.config["quiz_and_judge_strategy"]["quiz_samples"] await quiz( self.synthesizer_llm_client, self.graph_storage, @@ -266,56 +304,61 @@ async def async_quiz(self, max_samples=1): ) await self.rephrase_storage.index_done_callback() - def judge(self, re_judge=False, skip=False): + def judge(self): loop = create_event_loop() - loop.run_until_complete(self.async_judge(re_judge, skip)) + loop.run_until_complete(self.async_judge()) - async def async_judge(self, re_judge=False, skip=False): - if skip: - _update_relations = await skip_judge_statement(self.graph_storage) - else: - _update_relations = await judge_statement( - self.trainee_llm_client, - self.graph_storage, - self.rephrase_storage, - re_judge, - ) + async def async_judge(self): + re_judge = self.config["quiz_and_judge_strategy"]["re_judge"] + _update_relations = await judge_statement( + self.trainee_llm_client, + self.graph_storage, + self.rephrase_storage, + re_judge, + ) await _update_relations.index_done_callback() - def traverse(self, traverse_strategy: TraverseStrategy): + def traverse(self): loop = create_event_loop() - loop.run_until_complete(self.async_traverse(traverse_strategy)) + loop.run_until_complete(self.async_traverse()) + + async def async_traverse(self): + output_data_type = self.config["output_data_type"] - async def async_traverse(self, traverse_strategy: TraverseStrategy): - if traverse_strategy.qa_form == "atomic": + if output_data_type == "atomic": results = await traverse_graph_atomically( self.synthesizer_llm_client, self.tokenizer_instance, self.graph_storage, - traverse_strategy, + self.traverse_strategy, self.text_chunks_storage, self.progress_bar, ) - elif traverse_strategy.qa_form == "multi_hop": + elif output_data_type == "multi_hop": results = await traverse_graph_for_multi_hop( self.synthesizer_llm_client, self.tokenizer_instance, self.graph_storage, - traverse_strategy, + self.traverse_strategy, self.text_chunks_storage, self.progress_bar, ) - elif traverse_strategy.qa_form == "aggregated": + elif output_data_type == "aggregated": results = await traverse_graph_by_edge( self.synthesizer_llm_client, self.tokenizer_instance, self.graph_storage, - traverse_strategy, + self.traverse_strategy, self.text_chunks_storage, self.progress_bar, ) else: - raise ValueError(f"Unknown qa_form: {traverse_strategy.qa_form}") + raise ValueError(f"Unknown qa_form: {output_data_type}") + + results = format_generation_results( + results, output_data_format=self.config["output_data_format"] + ) + await self.qa_storage.upsert(results) await self.qa_storage.index_done_callback() @@ -329,6 +372,11 @@ async def async_generate_reasoning(self, method_params): self.synthesizer_llm_client, method_params=method_params, ) + + results = format_generation_results( + results, output_data_format=self.config["output_data_format"] + ) + await self.qa_storage.upsert(results) await self.qa_storage.index_done_callback() diff --git a/graphgen/models/__init__.py b/graphgen/models/__init__.py index 8112b417..f7153358 100644 --- a/graphgen/models/__init__.py +++ b/graphgen/models/__init__.py @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from .search.kg.wiki_search import WikiSearch from .search.web.bing_search import BingSearch from .search.web.google_search import GoogleSearch -from .storage.json_storage import JsonKVStorage +from .storage.json_storage import JsonKVStorage, JsonListStorage from .storage.networkx_storage import NetworkXStorage from .strategy.travserse_strategy import TraverseStrategy from .text.chunk import Chunk @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ "Chunk", "NetworkXStorage", "JsonKVStorage", + "JsonListStorage", # search models "WikiSearch", "GoogleSearch", diff --git a/graphgen/models/storage/base_storage.py b/graphgen/models/storage/base_storage.py index 2e70a3cb..c09df074 100644 --- a/graphgen/models/storage/base_storage.py +++ b/graphgen/models/storage/base_storage.py @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass -from typing import Union, Generic, TypeVar +from typing import Generic, TypeVar, Union + from graphgen.models.embed.embedding import EmbeddingFunc T = TypeVar("T") + @dataclass class StorageNameSpace: working_dir: str = None @@ -17,9 +19,25 @@ async def query_done_callback(self): @dataclass -class BaseKVStorage(Generic[T], StorageNameSpace): - embedding_func: EmbeddingFunc = None +class BaseListStorage(Generic[T], StorageNameSpace): + async def all_items(self) -> list[T]: + raise NotImplementedError + + async def get_by_index(self, index: int) -> Union[T, None]: + raise NotImplementedError + + async def append(self, data: T): + raise NotImplementedError + + async def upsert(self, data: list[T]): + raise NotImplementedError + + async def drop(self): + raise NotImplementedError + +@dataclass +class BaseKVStorage(Generic[T], StorageNameSpace): async def all_keys(self) -> list[str]: raise NotImplementedError @@ -41,6 +59,7 @@ async def upsert(self, data: dict[str, T]): async def drop(self): raise NotImplementedError + @dataclass class BaseGraphStorage(StorageNameSpace): embedding_func: EmbeddingFunc = None @@ -71,7 +90,9 @@ async def get_edge( ) -> Union[dict, None]: raise NotImplementedError - async def update_edge(self, source_node_id: str, target_node_id: str, edge_data: dict[str, str]): + async def update_edge( + self, source_node_id: str, target_node_id: str, edge_data: dict[str, str] + ): raise NotImplementedError async def get_all_edges(self) -> Union[list[dict], None]: diff --git a/graphgen/models/storage/json_storage.py b/graphgen/models/storage/json_storage.py index e4f21e6c..b61572f5 100644 --- a/graphgen/models/storage/json_storage.py +++ b/graphgen/models/storage/json_storage.py @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ import os - from dataclasses import dataclass -from graphgen.utils import logger, load_json, write_json -from graphgen.models.storage.base_storage import BaseKVStorage + +from graphgen.models.storage.base_storage import BaseKVStorage, BaseListStorage +from graphgen.utils import load_json, logger, write_json @dataclass @@ -49,3 +49,39 @@ async def upsert(self, data: dict): async def drop(self): self._data = {} + + +@dataclass +class JsonListStorage(BaseListStorage): + _data: list = None + + def __post_init__(self): + self._file_name = os.path.join(self.working_dir, f"{self.namespace}.json") + self._data = load_json(self._file_name) or [] + logger.info("Load List %s with %d data", self.namespace, len(self._data)) + + @property + def data(self): + return self._data + + async def all_items(self) -> list: + return self._data + + async def index_done_callback(self): + write_json(self._data, self._file_name) + + async def get_by_index(self, index: int): + if index < 0 or index >= len(self._data): + return None + return self._data[index] + + async def append(self, data): + self._data.append(data) + + async def upsert(self, data: list): + left_data = [d for d in data if d not in self._data] + self._data.extend(left_data) + return left_data + + async def drop(self): + self._data = [] diff --git a/graphgen/operators/__init__.py b/graphgen/operators/__init__.py index 0f532cd3..f74e013a 100644 --- a/graphgen/operators/__init__.py +++ b/graphgen/operators/__init__.py @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from graphgen.operators.kg.extract_kg import extract_kg from graphgen.operators.search.search_all import search_all -from .judge import judge_statement, skip_judge_statement +from .judge import judge_statement from .quiz import quiz from .traverse_graph import ( traverse_graph_atomically, @@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ "extract_kg", "quiz", "judge_statement", - "skip_judge_statement", "search_all", "traverse_graph_by_edge", "traverse_graph_atomically", diff --git a/graphgen/operators/judge.py b/graphgen/operators/judge.py index 0292e1e4..61e9d33e 100644 --- a/graphgen/operators/judge.py +++ b/graphgen/operators/judge.py @@ -1,17 +1,20 @@ -import math import asyncio +import math + from tqdm.asyncio import tqdm as tqdm_async -from graphgen.models import NetworkXStorage, OpenAIModel, JsonKVStorage -from graphgen.utils import logger, yes_no_loss_entropy + +from graphgen.models import JsonKVStorage, NetworkXStorage, OpenAIModel from graphgen.templates import STATEMENT_JUDGEMENT_PROMPT +from graphgen.utils import logger, yes_no_loss_entropy -async def judge_statement( # pylint: disable=too-many-statements - trainee_llm_client: OpenAIModel, - graph_storage: NetworkXStorage, - rephrase_storage: JsonKVStorage, - re_judge: bool = False, - max_concurrent: int = 1000) -> NetworkXStorage: +async def judge_statement( # pylint: disable=too-many-statements + trainee_llm_client: OpenAIModel, + graph_storage: NetworkXStorage, + rephrase_storage: JsonKVStorage, + re_judge: bool = False, + max_concurrent: int = 1000, +) -> NetworkXStorage: """ Get all edges and nodes and judge them @@ -34,7 +37,12 @@ async def _judge_single_relation( edge_data = edge[2] if (not re_judge) and "loss" in edge_data and edge_data["loss"] is not None: - logger.info("Edge %s -> %s already judged, loss: %s, skip", source_id, target_id, edge_data["loss"]) + logger.info( + "Edge %s -> %s already judged, loss: %s, skip", + source_id, + target_id, + edge_data["loss"], + ) return source_id, target_id, edge_data description = edge_data["description"] @@ -47,17 +55,27 @@ async def _judge_single_relation( gts = [gt for _, gt in descriptions] for description, gt in descriptions: judgement = await trainee_llm_client.generate_topk_per_token( - STATEMENT_JUDGEMENT_PROMPT['TEMPLATE'].format(statement=description) + STATEMENT_JUDGEMENT_PROMPT["TEMPLATE"].format( + statement=description + ) ) judgements.append(judgement[0].top_candidates) loss = yes_no_loss_entropy(judgements, gts) - logger.info("Edge %s -> %s description: %s loss: %s", source_id, target_id, description, loss) + logger.info( + "Edge %s -> %s description: %s loss: %s", + source_id, + target_id, + description, + loss, + ) edge_data["loss"] = loss - except Exception as e: # pylint: disable=broad-except - logger.error("Error in judging relation %s -> %s: %s", source_id, target_id, e) + except Exception as e: # pylint: disable=broad-except + logger.error( + "Error in judging relation %s -> %s: %s", source_id, target_id, e + ) logger.info("Use default loss 0.1") edge_data["loss"] = -math.log(0.1) @@ -68,9 +86,9 @@ async def _judge_single_relation( results = [] for result in tqdm_async( - asyncio.as_completed([_judge_single_relation(edge) for edge in edges]), - total=len(edges), - desc="Judging relations" + asyncio.as_completed([_judge_single_relation(edge) for edge in edges]), + total=len(edges), + desc="Judging relations", ): results.append(await result) @@ -82,7 +100,9 @@ async def _judge_single_entity( node_data = node[1] if (not re_judge) and "loss" in node_data and node_data["loss"] is not None: - logger.info("Node %s already judged, loss: %s, skip", node_id, node_data["loss"]) + logger.info( + "Node %s already judged, loss: %s, skip", node_id, node_data["loss"] + ) return node_id, node_data description = node_data["description"] @@ -95,16 +115,20 @@ async def _judge_single_entity( gts = [gt for _, gt in descriptions] for description, gt in descriptions: judgement = await trainee_llm_client.generate_topk_per_token( - STATEMENT_JUDGEMENT_PROMPT['TEMPLATE'].format(statement=description) + STATEMENT_JUDGEMENT_PROMPT["TEMPLATE"].format( + statement=description + ) ) judgements.append(judgement[0].top_candidates) loss = yes_no_loss_entropy(judgements, gts) - logger.info("Node %s description: %s loss: %s", node_id, description, loss) + logger.info( + "Node %s description: %s loss: %s", node_id, description, loss + ) node_data["loss"] = loss - except Exception as e: # pylint: disable=broad-except + except Exception as e: # pylint: disable=broad-except logger.error("Error in judging entity %s: %s", node_id, e) logger.info("Use default loss 0.1") node_data["loss"] = -math.log(0.1) @@ -116,72 +140,9 @@ async def _judge_single_entity( results = [] for result in tqdm_async( - asyncio.as_completed([_judge_single_entity(node) for node in nodes]), - total=len(nodes), - desc="Judging entities" - ): - results.append(await result) - - return graph_storage - -async def skip_judge_statement( - graph_storage: NetworkXStorage, - max_concurrent: int = 1000 -): - """ - Skip the judgement of the statement - :param graph_storage: graph storage instance - :param max_concurrent: max concurrent - :return: - """ - semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(max_concurrent) - - async def _skip_single_relation( - edge: tuple, - ): - async with semaphore: - source_id = edge[0] - target_id = edge[1] - edge_data = edge[2] - - if "loss" in edge_data and edge_data["loss"] is not None: - logger.info("Edge %s -> %s already judged, loss: %s, skip", source_id, target_id, edge_data["loss"]) - return source_id, target_id, edge_data - - edge_data["loss"] = -math.log(0.1) - await graph_storage.update_edge(source_id, target_id, edge_data) - return source_id, target_id, edge_data - - edges = await graph_storage.get_all_edges() - results = [] - for result in tqdm_async( - asyncio.as_completed([_skip_single_relation(edge) for edge in edges]), - total=len(edges), - desc="Skipping judgement of relations" - ): - results.append(await result) - - async def _skip_single_entity( - node: tuple, - ): - async with semaphore: - node_id = node[0] - node_data = node[1] - - if "loss" in node_data and node_data["loss"] is not None: - logger.info("Node %s already judged, loss: %s, skip", node_id, node_data["loss"]) - return node_id, node_data - - node_data["loss"] = -math.log(0.1) - await graph_storage.update_node(node_id, node_data) - return node_id, node_data - - nodes = await graph_storage.get_all_nodes() - results = [] - for result in tqdm_async( - asyncio.as_completed([_skip_single_entity(node) for node in nodes]), - total=len(nodes), - desc="Skipping judgement of entities" + asyncio.as_completed([_judge_single_entity(node) for node in nodes]), + total=len(nodes), + desc="Judging entities", ): results.append(await result) diff --git a/graphgen/operators/traverse_graph.py b/graphgen/operators/traverse_graph.py index ad1cda0d..da1b6685 100644 --- a/graphgen/operators/traverse_graph.py +++ b/graphgen/operators/traverse_graph.py @@ -125,22 +125,18 @@ async def _construct_rephrasing_prompt( return prompt -def get_loss_tercile(losses: list) -> (float, float): - losses = sorted(losses) - q1_index = int(len(losses) * (1 / 3)) - q2_index = int(len(losses) * (2 / 3)) - - return losses[q1_index], losses[q2_index] - - def get_average_loss(batch: tuple, loss_strategy: str) -> float: - if loss_strategy == "only_edge": - return sum(edge[2]["loss"] for edge in batch[1]) / len(batch[1]) - if loss_strategy == "both": - return sum(edge[2]["loss"] for edge in batch[1]) + sum( - node["loss"] for node in batch[0] - ) / (len(batch[0]) + len(batch[1])) - raise ValueError("Invalid loss strategy") + try: + if loss_strategy == "only_edge": + return sum(edge[2]["loss"] for edge in batch[1]) / len(batch[1]) + if loss_strategy == "both": + return sum(edge[2]["loss"] for edge in batch[1]) + sum( + node["loss"] for node in batch[0] + ) / (len(batch[0]) + len(batch[1])) + raise ValueError("Invalid loss strategy") + except Exception as e: # pylint: disable=broad-except + logger.error("Error calculating average loss: %s", e) + return -1.0 def _post_process_synthetic_data(data): @@ -440,8 +436,6 @@ async def traverse_graph_for_multi_hop( :param max_concurrent :return: question and answer """ - assert traverse_strategy.qa_form == "multi_hop" - semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(max_concurrent) results = {} diff --git a/graphgen/utils/__init__.py b/graphgen/utils/__init__.py index 13881c10..b3c8e1e6 100644 --- a/graphgen/utils/__init__.py +++ b/graphgen/utils/__init__.py @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from .detect_lang import detect_if_chinese, detect_main_language from .file import read_file from .format import ( + format_generation_results, handle_single_entity_extraction, handle_single_relationship_extraction, load_json, diff --git a/graphgen/utils/format.py b/graphgen/utils/format.py index 0a0c101d..abc34c87 100644 --- a/graphgen/utils/format.py +++ b/graphgen/utils/format.py @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ -import re -import os -import json import html - +import json +import os +import re from typing import Any +from .log import logger + + def pack_history_conversations(*args: str): roles = ["user", "assistant"] return [ {"role": roles[i % 2], "content": content} for i, content in enumerate(args) ] + def split_string_by_multi_markers(content: str, markers: list[str]) -> list[str]: """Split a string by multiple markers""" if not markers: @@ -18,6 +21,7 @@ def split_string_by_multi_markers(content: str, markers: list[str]) -> list[str] results = re.split("|".join(re.escape(marker) for marker in markers), content) return [r.strip() for r in results if r.strip()] + # Refer the utils functions of the official GraphRAG implementation: # https://github.com/microsoft/graphrag def clean_str(input: Any) -> str: @@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ def clean_str(input: Any) -> str: # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4324790/removing-control-characters-from-a-string-in-python return re.sub(r"[\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f]", "", result) + async def handle_single_entity_extraction( record_attributes: list[str], chunk_key: str, @@ -50,9 +55,11 @@ async def handle_single_entity_extraction( "source_id": entity_source_id, } + def is_float_regex(value): return bool(re.match(r"^[-+]?[0-9]*\.?[0-9]+$", value)) + async def handle_single_relationship_extraction( record_attributes: list[str], chunk_key: str, @@ -72,14 +79,56 @@ async def handle_single_relationship_extraction( "source_id": edge_source_id, } + def load_json(file_name): if not os.path.exists(file_name): return None with open(file_name, encoding="utf-8") as f: return json.load(f) + def write_json(json_obj, file_name): if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(file_name)): os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(file_name), exist_ok=True) with open(file_name, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f: json.dump(json_obj, f, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False) + + +def format_generation_results( + results: dict[str, Any], output_data_format: str +) -> list[dict[str, Any]]: + if output_data_format == "Alpaca": + logger.info("Output data format: Alpaca") + results = [ + { + "instruction": item["question"], + "input": "", + "output": item["answer"], + } + for item in list(results.values()) + ] + elif output_data_format == "Sharegpt": + logger.info("Output data format: Sharegpt") + results = [ + { + "conversations": [ + {"from": "human", "value": item["question"]}, + {"from": "gpt", "value": item["answer"]}, + ] + } + for item in list(results.values()) + ] + elif output_data_format == "ChatML": + logger.info("Output data format: ChatML") + results = [ + { + "messages": [ + {"role": "user", "content": item["question"]}, + {"role": "assistant", "content": item["answer"]}, + ] + } + for item in list(results.values()) + ] + else: + raise ValueError(f"Unknown output data format: {output_data_format}") + return results diff --git a/resources/README.md b/resources/README.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..de09cde6 --- /dev/null +++ b/resources/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + +# Output Formats +we support generating datasets in alpaca, sharegpt and chatml format. + +## Alpaca Format +### Supervised Fine-Tuning Dataset +- [Example](resources/output_examples/atomic_alpaca.json) +In supervised fine-tuning, the `instruction` column will be concatenated with the `input` column and used as the user prompt, then the user prompt would be `instruction\ninput`. The `output` column represents the model response. +```json +[ + { + "instruction": "user instruction (required)", + "input": "user input (optional)", + "output": "model response (required)" + } +] +``` + +## Sharegpt Format +### Supervised Fine-Tuning Dataset +- [Example](resources/output_examples/cot_sharegpt.json) +Compared to the alpaca format, the sharegpt format allows the datasets have more roles, such as human, gpt, observation and function. They are presented in a list of objects in the `conversations` column. + +Note that the human and observation should appear in odd positions, while gpt and function should appear in even positions. The gpt and function will be learned by the model. + +In our implementation, only `human` and `gpt` will be used. + +```json +[ + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "user instruction (required)" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "model response (required)" + } + ] + } +] +``` + +## ChatML Format +### Supervised Fine-Tuning Dataset +- [Example](resources/output_examples/aggregated_chatml.json) +Like the sharegpt format, the chatml format also allows the datasets have more roles, such as user, assistant, system and tool. They are presented in a list of objects in the `messages` column. + +In our implementation, only `user` and `assistant` will be used. + +```json +[ + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "user instruction (required)" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "model response (required)" + } + ] + } +] +``` diff --git a/resources/output_examples/aggregated.json b/resources/output_examples/aggregated.json deleted file mode 100644 index 1e6ba648..00000000 --- a/resources/output_examples/aggregated.json +++ /dev/null @@ -1,47 +0,0 @@ -{ - "b917f19103fb6184aae1b37f903ce112": { - "question": "云粳26号在西南稻区的推广情况如何？", - "answer": "在2012年，云粳26号被农业部正式列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种。这一决定标志着云粳26号在该区域的重要性，进一步推动了西南稻区的农业发展。", - "loss": 0.7650802039228166 - }, - "62cc58c678ae70ed9a03684efede4d8b": { - "question": "What is the classification and phenotype of the Bg1-D mutant in terms of its grain size compared to normal varieties?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant is classified as a dominant mutant, which means it expresses its traits more prominently than recessive variants. This particular mutant is characterized by an extra-large grain phenotype, showcasing grains that are significantly larger than those of normal varieties.", - "loss": 0.31326545774936676 - }, - "7afdff9aa72d418f706fff5353fd69e7": { - "question": "What is the role of the Tiller Angle Control 4 (TAC4) gene in rice plants, and how does its loss of function affect the plant's architecture and grain yield?", - "answer": "The loss of function of the Tiller Angle Control 4 (TAC4) gene leads to a significant increase in the tiller angle of rice plants, which in turn affects their overall architecture. The tiller angle is a crucial aspect of plant structure that has a direct impact on the grain yield of rice. TAC4 has been identified as a key regulator of this trait, as it influences the tiller angle in rice plants. Furthermore, TAC4 encodes a highly conserved nuclear protein, which is essential for the regulation of the tiller angle and, consequently, the plant's yield potential.", - "loss": 0.3675571912313429 - }, - "50fb8fdad05d10217da553bade12ca15": { - "question": "How does auxin influence grain size and crop yield in plants, particularly in rice?", - "answer": "Grain size is a critical factor that significantly impacts crop yield, especially in rice. This aspect of plant development is heavily influenced by auxin, a class of plant hormones essential for regulating growth and development. Specifically, auxin affects grain size through its role in various developmental signals that guide plant growth.\n\nOne important type of auxin is indole acetic acid, which not only contributes to overall plant growth and development but also plays a vital role in regulating gravitropism—the plant's growth response to gravity. This gravitropic response is modulated by auxin, which determines how plants orient themselves in relation to gravitational forces.\n\nHowever, the transport of auxin can be inhibited by substances such as N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid. This auxin transport inhibitor can affect the sensitivity of plants to auxin, thereby influencing their growth and development. Overall, the interplay between grain size, auxin, and various developmental signals is crucial for understanding how plants adapt and thrive in their environments.", - "loss": 1.9266283028019138e-07 - }, - "5ae7a76b5ecb56fb5c0be5b7f0c6cc4b": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么品种的稻米，它的培育背景和市场潜力如何？", - "answer": "稻米是水稻的种子，作为一种主要的粮食作物，其重要性不言而喻。在众多稻米品种中，云粳26号以其良好的食用价值和市场潜力而受到关注。云粳26号是由云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所于2005年培育出的早熟稻品种，具有优良的外观和食味品质。\n\n为了确保云粳26号的高产和优质，种植过程中需要采用相应的种植技术。这些技术旨在提高作物的产量和质量，从而满足市场的需求。市场需求反映了消费者对稻米等农产品的偏好，因此，云粳26号的推广与市场需求密切相关。通过有效的种植技术和对市场需求的把握，云粳26号有望在稻米市场中占据一席之地。", - "loss": 4.89174685946466e-07 - }, - "a3b291ba0fe28ca48e9447944bb9581c": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么品种，它的主要特征和推广情况如何？", - "answer": "云粳26号是一种早熟稻品种，由云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所于2005年育成。该品种具有良好的外观和食味品质，其中米粒大、颖尖无色、无芒以及谷壳黄色等特征，使其在市场上更具吸引力。此外，云粳26号还具备高抗稻瘟病的特性，增强了其在种植过程中的可行性。\n\n在2012年，农业部将云粳26号列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种，标志着其在该地区的重要性。云粳26号特别适合在中海拔稻区种植，尤其是在海拔1500至1800米的云南中海拔稻区。其落粒性适中和有香味的特性进一步提升了其食用价值，满足了消费者的需求。\n\n通过科学的品种育成方法，云粳26号的推广旨在提高农业生产效率，促进农业生产的发展。因此，云粳26号不仅是一个优质的稻米品种，也是推动当地农业发展的重要力量。", - "loss": 0.8043609434100357 - }, - "eb671e24d1721884126bd70a6b0a654d": { - "question": "What is the role of the Big Grain1 (BG1) gene in rice, and how does it affect grain size and auxin transport?", - "answer": "The gene known as Big Grain1 (BG1) plays a significant role in regulating grain size and is preferentially expressed in vascular tissue, which is essential for nutrient transport. This gene is also involved in the transport mechanisms of auxin, a class of plant hormones crucial for growth and development. Specifically, BG1 is induced by auxin treatment, highlighting its importance in auxin response and transport.\n\nIn the context of rice, the Bg1-D mutant, which is associated with the BG1 gene, exhibits an extra-large grain phenotype. This mutant demonstrates increased auxin basipetal transport, suggesting that BG1 is integral to the movement of auxin within the plant. Furthermore, the expression of BG1 is observed in young panicles, indicating its role in the reproductive development of rice.\n\nManipulating BG1 through techniques such as knockdown results in reduced sensitivity to auxin and smaller grain sizes, thereby affecting overall seed weight and plant biomass. The protein encoded by BG1 is membrane-localized, which implies its involvement in cellular transport mechanisms. Additionally, the expression of BG1 in culms further supports its contribution to the growth and development of the rice plant.\n\nResearch involving both rice and Arabidopsis has provided insights into the regulatory functions of BG1, particularly in enhancing crop yield. The Bg1-D mutant's altered gravitropism also suggests a connection between grain size and the plant's growth responses to gravity. Overall, the manipulation of BG1 is crucial for improving traits such as biomass and yield in crop plants, emphasizing its significance in agricultural advancements.", - "loss": 0.4372811872636896 - }, - "c88ce9480857feee561cbb1facb64dea": { - "question": "隆两优1212是什么水稻品种，它的引入和推广过程是怎样的？", - "answer": "隆两优1212是一种水稻品种，于2017年首次引入福建省龙岩市长汀县进行试种。这一品种表现出分蘖力强、抗性好、抽穗整齐、后期转色好、生育期适中、产量高和适应性好的优良特性，显示出其在该地区的适应性。隆两优1212的种植过程始于2017年6月15日，当天进行了机播，随后在7月5日进行了机插，标志着其生长周期的推进。\n\n在经过一段时间的生长后，隆两优1212于2017年10月21日成熟，标志着其生长周期的结束。由于其优良的表现，隆两优1212在2018年得以进一步扩大示范种植，长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社成为该品种在这一年示范种植的合作社之一。\n\n随着推广的成功，隆两优1212在2019年继续在长汀县进行示范种植，长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社也参与了这一过程。此外，隆两优1212还被用于作烟后稻的种植方式，进一步展示了其适应性。值得一提的是，圣丰家庭农场也是隆两优1212试种的具体地点之一，表明该农场积极参与了该品种的推广。", - "loss": 0.8527936783199727 - }, - "8c098daa808c8eed3304ebe951b89ba8": { - "question": "What role does the TAC4 gene play in the domestication and improvement of Indica rice cultivars, particularly in relation to tiller angle and grain yield?", - "answer": "Indica cultivars, which are varieties of rice that have undergone domestication and improvement, exhibit a fixed bottleneck in the function of the TAC4 gene. This bottleneck has significantly impacted the regulation of tiller angle in these cultivars. TAC4 plays a crucial role in influencing the gravitropic response of rice shoots by regulating the levels of indole acetic acid, a plant hormone essential for growth and development. \n\nThe domestication process of rice, scientifically known as Oryza sativa, has shaped the regulatory role of TAC4, which is classified as a plant-specific protein. This protein is vital for determining the overall architecture of rice plants, particularly through its effect on tiller angle. Consequently, TAC4's regulation of tiller angle is directly linked to the grain yield of rice, as the angle significantly affects the amount of rice produced per unit area.\n\nFurthermore, the improvement of rice varieties involves a comprehensive understanding of TAC4's role in plant architecture. The distribution of auxin, which is crucial for proper plant growth, is also influenced by TAC4. This relationship highlights the importance of TAC4 in regulating gravitropism, which is the plant's growth response to gravity, and is affected by the spatial distribution of auxin.\n\nIn severe lines of rice, genetic mutations can lead to altered gravitropism, demonstrating the connection between genetic factors and growth responses. Additionally, grain size is a critical determinant of overall grain yield, further emphasizing the intricate relationships between TAC4, tiller angle, and the various factors that influence rice yield.", - "loss": 0.22054819647759094 - } -} diff --git a/resources/output_examples/aggregated_chatml.json b/resources/output_examples/aggregated_chatml.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1561a6d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/resources/output_examples/aggregated_chatml.json @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +[ + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "What laboratory technique was used to study the localization of TAC4 in NB epidermal cells?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The transient assay, a laboratory technique utilized to introduce genetic material into cells for a limited duration, was conducted in NB epidermal cells. This approach aimed to investigate the localization of TAC4 within these cells." + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "What was the focus of the study regarding TAC4-RFP fusion proteins, and how did researchers visualize their localization?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The study focused on the localization of TAC4-RFP fusion proteins, which were primarily found in the cell wall, the rigid outer layer of plant cells that provides structural support and protection. To visualize the localization of these proteins, RFP signals, emitted by the Red Fluorescent Protein, were employed. This use of RFP signals allowed researchers to effectively track the presence of TAC4-RFP fusion proteins within the cell wall, highlighting their functional role in that specific area." + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "云粳26号是什么品种，它的育成背景和适应性如何？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "云粳26号是一种由云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所于2005年育成的早熟稻品种。该品种不仅具有良好的外观，还在食味品质上表现出色，因而其食用价值较高，吸引了众多消费者的关注。\n\n首先，云粳26号适宜在云南中海拔稻区种植，这表明它对该环境具有良好的适应性。稻区是指适合水稻种植的区域，而云粳26号的成功种植进一步体现了云南省农业科学院在水稻研究和品种选育方面的重要作用。因此，云粳26号的推广不仅有助于提升当地的农业生产水平，也为消费者提供了高品质的稻米选择。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "云粳26号在西南稻区的农业推广中扮演了什么样的角色？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "西南稻区是一个重要的农业区域，其中云粳26号被列为农业推广的主导品种。2012年，这一品种正式被农业部认定为西南稻区的主导品种，这一决定突显了云粳26号在该区域的重要性。主导品种是指在特定区域内被广泛推广和种植的农作物品种，因此，云粳26号作为西南稻区的主导品种，反映了其良好的适应性以及市场的需求。这一系列的推广和认定，表明了云粳26号在西南稻区农业发展中的关键角色。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "What is the role of the TAC4 gene in rice plant architecture and how does its function impact the tiller angle and overall growth?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The loss of TAC4 function results in a notable increase in the tiller angle of rice plants, which significantly impacts their overall architecture. TAC4 is a plant-specific gene that plays a crucial role in regulating rice shoot gravitropism, a vital process for proper plant orientation and growth. Sequence analysis of TAC4 has revealed that it underwent a genetic bottleneck during the domestication of indica cultivars, leading to a reduction in its genetic diversity.\n\nFurthermore, TAC4 influences the content of indole acetic acid, a type of auxin that is essential for regulating various aspects of plant growth and development, including gravitropism. The function of TAC4 is critical for the regulation of tiller angle, as it encodes a nuclear protein that is integral to this process. By affecting the distribution of auxin, TAC4 contributes to the regulatory mechanisms that govern plant architecture.\n\nResearch on TAC4 not only enhances our understanding of these regulatory mechanisms but also provides insights that could facilitate the improvement of rice plant architecture. The highly conserved nature of the TAC4 gene underscores its importance across different plant species. Additionally, the BG1 gene, which is influenced by auxin, plays a role in gravitropism and subsequently affects the growth and orientation of rice grains. Ultimately, the tiller angle is a key factor that directly influences the grain yield of rice, highlighting the interconnectedness of these genetic and physiological processes." + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "云粳26号是什么品种，它的主要特点和适应性如何？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "云粳26号是一种早熟稻品种，由云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所于2005年育成。这一品种的研发标志着其在水稻研究领域的重要起始时间。云粳26号具有多项外观特点，其中包括颖尖无色、无芒和谷壳黄色，这些特征不仅体现了其独特性，还直接影响了其市场表现。\n\n此外，云粳26号的米粒较大，食味品质优良，并且具有香味，这些特性显著提升了其食用价值和市场吸引力。值得一提的是，云粳26号还具备高抗稻瘟病的特性，使其在稻区种植时能够有效减少病害损失，适合在云南中海拔1,500至1,800米的稻区种植。\n\n在2012年，云粳26号被农业部列为西南稻区农业推广的主导品种，这一认可进一步强调了其在农业政策中的重要性。云粳26号的落粒性适中，适应性强，能够在中海拔地区良好生长，反映了其对特定气候和土壤条件的适应能力。因此，云粳26号不仅是一个优质的早熟品种，也是云南省在水稻研究和推广方面的重要成果。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "隆两优1212水稻品种的引入和试种情况如何？请详细描述其生长特性、产量以及推广情况。" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "隆两优1212是一种水稻品种，于2017年在福建省龙岩市长汀县引入进行试种。该品种在圣丰家庭农场的河田镇南塘村进行试种，表现出优良的生长特性和高产量。隆两优1212的成熟时间为10月21日，标志着可以收获。其产量达到8.78 t/hm^2，显示出其高产特性。\n\n隆两优1212具有多项优良特性，包括抗性好、后期转色好、分蘖力强、适应性好、生育期适中、抽穗整齐等。这些特性使其在种植过程中能够有效抵抗病虫害，减少损失，并在市场上更具吸引力。此外，隆两优1212的适应性好使其能够在不同的生长环境中良好生长，而生育期适中则使其适合当地的气候条件。\n\n在种植过程中，隆两优1212采用了机插和机播技术，这不仅提高了插秧的质量，也提升了种植效率。隆两优1212作为烟后稻进行种植，符合当地的种植习惯。2018年和2019年，隆两优1212的示范面积分别扩大至4.00 hm^2和13.50 hm^2，显示出其推广潜力。在2018年，隆两优1212在润丰优质稻专业合作社进行示范种植，而在2019年则在绿丰优质稻专业合作社进行示范种植，进一步推广该品种。\n\n总的来说，隆两优1212在长汀县的试种和示范种植中，凭借其优良的生长特性和高产量，展现了良好的市场前景。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "What is the role of the BIG GRAIN1 (BG1) gene in rice, and how does its manipulation affect grain development and yield?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The gene known as BIG GRAIN1 (BG1) plays a crucial role in regulating auxin transport and response, acting as a positive regulator that enhances the plant's ability to respond to this important hormone. BG1 is preferentially expressed in vascular tissue, which is essential for nutrient transport and grain development. In rice (Oryza sativa L.), manipulation of the BG1 gene can lead to significant improvements in plant biomass, seed weight, and overall yield.\n\nSpecifically, the expression of BG1 is linked to increased seed weight, highlighting its importance in grain development. The dominant mutant known as BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D) is associated with the BG1 gene and is characterized by an extra-large grain phenotype, which affects both grain size and gravitropism. Furthermore, the regulation of BG1 is critical for enhancing yield, making it a key target for genetic improvements aimed at boosting crop productivity.\n\nWhen BG1 expression is reduced through a genetic technique known as knockdown, the result is smaller grains and decreased sensitivities to auxin, underscoring BG1's vital role in regulating grain size. Additionally, the sensitivity of the BG1-D mutant to the auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid indicates a significant connection between BG1 and auxin transport mechanisms.\n\nOverexpression of BG1 has been shown to lead to larger grain sizes, further demonstrating its influence on grain development. The expression of BG1 in the culms, or stems, of the rice plant suggests its involvement in overall growth and structural integrity. Moreover, BG1 is integral to the regulation of auxin transport, which is essential for proper plant growth and the determination of grain size.\n\nThe BG1 gene also affects the observable characteristics of grain phenotype, particularly in terms of size and response to environmental signals. Its expression in young panicles, the flowering parts of the rice plant, indicates its critical role during the early stages of grain development. Additionally, BG1 influences the plant's sensitivities to auxin and auxin transport inhibitors.\n\nResearch on BG1 has been conducted in both rice and the model plant Arabidopsis, emphasizing its importance in plant development. By manipulating BG1, researchers can achieve increased plant biomass, further illustrating its significance in overall plant growth. The big grain1 (BG1-D) mutant, identified from a T-DNA insertion population, exemplifies the application of genetic tools in plant research and showcases the potential for altering grain size and gravitropism in rice." + } + ] + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/resources/output_examples/atomic.json b/resources/output_examples/atomic.json deleted file mode 100644 index e2c20df4..00000000 --- a/resources/output_examples/atomic.json +++ /dev/null @@ -1,882 +0,0 @@ -{ - "8fc4b703d23bc7c3ef8f20044ac1f5a1": { - "question": "What does TAC4 regulate in rice plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 regulates rice shoot gravitropism, which is the plant's growth response to gravity.", - "loss": 0.00020721811449675394 - }, - "558806cbd9b43cf1755282f61bfd4ae4": { - "question": "隆两优1212何时在福建省龙岩市长汀县进行试种？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2017年引入福建省龙岩市长汀县进行试种。", - "loss": 0.1943468487790341 - }, - "38fb101a957dff2d347f3795e9d498de": { - "question": "What type of protein is TAC4 and what does it regulate in rice plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 is classified as a plant-specific protein that regulates key traits in rice plants.", - "loss": 0.04473321555027118 - }, - "dca7567b4ff830415e4d7939ccbed49b": { - "question": "What role does auxin play in the gravitropic response of plants?", - "answer": "Auxin is involved in the gravitropic response of plants, affecting how they grow in relation to gravity.", - "loss": 1.2660724378656726e-07 - }, - "59d256fd67fbe38726c9f4c16e17e713": { - "question": "云粳26号的落粒性如何？", - "answer": "云粳26号的落粒性适中，影响其在收割时的表现。", - "loss": 0.1650506654987112 - }, - "401e01ab2f43f0fdd1ef6128af1e3086": { - "question": "How does TAC4 affect the gravitropic response of rice shoots?", - "answer": "TAC4 influences the gravitropic response of rice shoots by regulating the levels of indole acetic acid.", - "loss": 0.00020721811449675394 - }, - "0fbd0aae3a0c8507e447530e8e735f09": { - "question": "How does N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid affect plant growth and development?", - "answer": "N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid inhibits auxin transport, which affects plant growth and development.", - "loss": 6.453754981617878e-08 - }, - "ec67d3230420a5ff9da6bfbe53f40ddf": { - "question": "What is ARABIDOPSIS commonly used for in plant biology?", - "answer": "ARABIDOPSIS is used as a model organism for studying genetic functions and plant development.", - "loss": 6.034219097644969e-07 - }, - "41b0254a9dec4f30baf425e742935a2d": { - "question": "云粳26号在西南稻区的地位是什么？", - "answer": "云粳26号被列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种。", - "loss": 0.912369919935317 - }, - "a8071628666cfc7cd059987a04dd5e1d": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的试种结果如何？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀县进行试种，显示出该地区对该品种的适应性。", - "loss": 0.07428048545261845 - }, - "9a1319119fa5344cad2ffae84a4d94f5": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2019年有什么表现？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2019年继续示范种植，表明其在长汀县的持续推广。", - "loss": 0.036480231750829255 - }, - "ed974c970e399ecbe818e6eba46e369e": { - "question": "隆两优1212在什么地方进行试种？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在圣丰家庭农场进行试种。", - "loss": 0.006842017582584937 - }, - "c5879d941d81109d33dcc25733cc97fd": { - "question": "What is the effect of losing TAC4 function on the tiller angle of rice plants?", - "answer": "Loss of TAC4 function leads to a significant increase in the tiller angle of rice plants.", - "loss": 8.998404945691856 - }, - "5786fba44124297bb4056b905ab13909": { - "question": "What is the function of the TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 4 (TAC4) gene in rice?", - "answer": "TAC4 is a novel regulator that controls tiller angle in rice and encodes a highly conserved nuclear protein.", - "loss": 3.363024097783987e-05 - }, - "40e8e0fcad7ec55ec0fa14b91ea536f0": { - "question": "What are \"severe lines\" in the context of genetic research?", - "answer": "Severe lines\" refer to genetic lines that exhibit extreme phenotypes, such as those with significantly altered gravitropism due to BG1 manipulation.", - "loss": 0.0677631951402873 - }, - "3ec6a0860b0cc52278a0972a9849ed96": { - "question": "农业推广的目的是什么？", - "answer": "农业推广的目的是将优质农作物品种推广到农民中，以提高农业生产效率和质量。", - "loss": 0.0005425948230547652 - }, - "919fcd2678b5419e889fd4582820b86c": { - "question": "云粳26号适宜在哪个海拔范围的稻区种植？", - "answer": "云粳26号适宜在云南中海拔 1 500∼1 800 m 稻区种植。", - "loss": 0.17507959033052126 - }, - "8900f870f0c30d148c7640466d00ef5d": { - "question": "What does the Bg1-D mutant indicate about the relationship between grain size and growth responses?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant exhibits altered gravitropism, indicating a link between grain size and growth responses.", - "loss": 0.003970473083124177 - }, - "b8aaca034f9d35e09ae508c09de641f4": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence plant growth and development?", - "answer": "TAC4 affects the distribution of auxin, which is crucial for the regulation of plant growth and development.", - "loss": 3.2774787920447374e-07 - }, - "2860bb26879cf4faa38e1b7b8051b69c": { - "question": "What is a dominant mutant in genetics?", - "answer": "A dominant mutant is a genetic variant that expresses a trait more strongly than its recessive counterparts, such as the Bg1-D mutant.", - "loss": 0.7038410826333497 - }, - "ef1dea66ec062e4ebb67b7deb4c5e686": { - "question": "What effect does manipulating BG1 have on plant biomass?", - "answer": "Manipulating BG1 can enhance plant biomass, indicating its importance in growth.", - "loss": 3.3525097293767964e-06 - }, - "6de16594543122315aeab7d988705ef6": { - "question": "什么是作烟后稻？", - "answer": "作烟后稻是指在烟草收获后种植的水稻，隆两优1212被用于这种种植方式。", - "loss": 0.16025123000144953 - }, - "df74a578fffcdbb405891d5e66e4aae0": { - "question": "What do the \"sensitivities\" of plants refer to in the context of hormones and inhibitors?", - "answer": "The \"sensitivities\" of plants refer to their responsiveness to various hormones and inhibitors, such as auxin and N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid.", - "loss": 0.00029019961948506084 - }, - "d53ecf39048949e747c8efd49c821e89": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的机插日期是什么时候？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀县进行机插的日期是7月5日。", - "loss": 5.835247260401488 - }, - "20347b4952b32b0119a10a1f9c4379bf": { - "question": "云粳26号在云南省的情况如何？", - "answer": "云粳26号在云南省进行种植和推广。", - "loss": 5.512236427143802e-07 - }, - "4db933005bd2cd0836930b4fc0b39710": { - "question": "What is a characteristic feature of indica cultivars of rice regarding TAC4 function?", - "answer": "Indica cultivars show a fixed bottleneck in TAC4 function.", - "loss": 4.560647790112646 - }, - "6a9519091e81ba54e2bdbb7eefc7e2f4": { - "question": "云粳26号稻米品种有什么特点？", - "answer": "云粳26号作为稻米品种具有良好的食用价值。", - "loss": 2.4827877114415276e-07 - }, - "03ff1e419a72174ad92373bed5b90833": { - "question": "隆两优1212的生长周期何时结束？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在10月21日成熟，标志着其生长周期的结束。", - "loss": 5.004641309711946 - }, - "4716b2e661dd13d3c6a8d6acc68babd4": { - "question": "隆两优1212的种植过程何时开始？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在6月15日进行机播，标志着其种植过程的开始。", - "loss": 2.008934394148294 - }, - "5d648964f09ec4ee58a5a14af16e0148": { - "question": "长汀县在哪个市？", - "answer": "长汀县是龙岩市的一个县。", - "loss": 0.5276962733190051 - }, - "8c92d2e36b86a17076bf6f24540f89dd": { - "question": "What is the role of the TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 4 gene in rice plants?", - "answer": "The TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 4 gene is a novel regulator of rice tiller angle, influencing plant architecture and grain yield.", - "loss": 0.0001787313643338491 - }, - "8c631862cb197af687f26b795bb7619e": { - "question": "What does the term \"phenotype\" refer to in the context of the Bg1-D mutant?", - "answer": "The term \"phenotype\" refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, such as grain size in the Bg1-D mutant.", - "loss": 1.2606540320739281 - }, - "c9895a29281ab6a3b3ffc2c38949613e": { - "question": "云粳26号的食味品质中有哪些特点？", - "answer": "有香味是云粳26号的食味品质之一，增加了其市场吸引力。", - "loss": 0.19347324164300522 - }, - "dbcb3bef6cafdbd272af09186db55b62": { - "question": "What does the sensitivity of the Bg1-D mutant to N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid indicate?", - "answer": "It indicates the involvement of the Bg1-D mutant in auxin transport mechanisms.", - "loss": 1.4213754904512588 - }, - "99654153cbc972f6310f8caee0250000": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2019年示范种植的平均产量是多少？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2019年示范种植的平均产量是8.74 t/hm^2。", - "loss": 2.503329696521127 - }, - "1d7b28291f633da994851af128aabb11": { - "question": "农业部在中国政府中负责什么？", - "answer": "农业部负责农业政策和品种推广的管理。", - "loss": 0.002764938996165263 - }, - "fc5a9717d96f500ff63d26a60c794cec": { - "question": "What is the function of the nuclear protein encoded by TAC4?", - "answer": "The nuclear protein encoded by TAC4 is involved in regulating plant traits.", - "loss": 1.9638977341952133 - }, - "a9f5a373014289148b47ecb9472f37a1": { - "question": "云粳26号在2012年被农业部列为哪个地区的农业推广主导品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号在2012年被农业部列为西南稻区农业推广主导品种。", - "loss": 1.148128436397871 - }, - "096051c952bc98c64a1a75493399c09c": { - "question": "What is the primary purpose of cultivating crop plants like rice?", - "answer": "The primary purpose of cultivating crop plants like rice is for agricultural purposes, specifically to study and improve yield.", - "loss": 7.457303081540263e-05 - }, - "576c5f30a90f6fa61b74d0f5595e85bf": { - "question": "云粳26号的特性之一是什么？", - "answer": "落粒性适中是云粳26号的特性之一。", - "loss": 0.12270220625214279 - }, - "09ead68a9248b556db67abc58113dfcb": { - "question": "隆两优1212在种植方式上有什么应用？", - "answer": "隆两优1212被用于作烟后稻的种植方式，显示其适应性。", - "loss": 0.012229025208701708 - }, - "c02ce02d80931b7ca6215fb4f0e0f83a": { - "question": "云粳26号在什么区域被列为主导品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号被列为西南稻区的主导品种。", - "loss": 2.1393262670705567e-05 - }, - "6a40541aeac4ff01ff27ee9e1220f998": { - "question": "云粳26号是由哪个机构育成的？", - "answer": "云粳26号是由云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所育成的。", - "loss": 0.12513624576483076 - }, - "8ff2922303daa9a9a72f052c5a9c1af5": { - "question": "云粳26号的一个重要特性是什么？", - "answer": "食味品质好是云粳26号的一个重要特性。", - "loss": 0.00032564003083735554 - }, - "a88e828680780c2373470e547ffde183": { - "question": "米粒大的特征对云粳26号有什么影响？", - "answer": "米粒大是云粳26号的一个重要特征，影响其食用价值。", - "loss": 0.9131141534554827 - }, - "16a1c3442b09a541ea1183ff2f9f4a88": { - "question": "市场需求在云粳26号的推广中扮演什么角色？", - "answer": "市场需求与云粳26号的推广密切相关。", - "loss": 3.352136559578442e-07 - }, - "c2b1f263f244832716f1f7b8868f6afa": { - "question": "What does the term \"CULMS\" refer to in the context of rice plants?", - "answer": "CULMS\" refers to the stem of the rice plant, where BG1 expression is observed.", - "loss": 1.6983356725699963 - }, - "99f926a61c70c5b5a57923bd2701a6ef": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么时候育成的？", - "answer": "云粳26号是在2005年育成的早熟稻品种。", - "loss": 3.296899015603895 - }, - "1ac36a6756745d61a2e6635617d87b3e": { - "question": "How does domestication affect the function of TAC4?", - "answer": "Domestication impacts the function of TAC4 by cultivating and improving wild species for agricultural purposes.", - "loss": 4.745760155323239 - }, - "16578072c3065d3bc299260c0eebdcc1": { - "question": "How does the expression of BG1 affect seed weight and yield?", - "answer": "The expression of BG1 influences seed weight, contributing to overall yield.", - "loss": 2.49821685354467e-06 - }, - "2293cd15c685b5fa198ba10962fd9da3": { - "question": "What role do developmental signals play in plants regarding grain size?", - "answer": "Developmental signals play a crucial role in regulating grain size in plants.", - "loss": 2.7561182491159133e-07 - }, - "d5a42ae23a09de3c130d2fc071b88634": { - "question": "Why is grain size important in agriculture?", - "answer": "Grain size is a critical determinant of overall grain yield in crops.", - "loss": 1.0876401574818144e-06 - }, - "e5962fad358edcd184373ef55d710e64": { - "question": "What do severe lines indicate about the relationship between genetic mutations and growth responses?", - "answer": "Severe lines exhibit altered gravitropism, indicating a relationship between genetic mutations and growth responses.", - "loss": 0.0002387586577014825 - }, - "1f01190302db474acb8abbc763f0750f": { - "question": "What factors can influence seed weight in plants?", - "answer": "Seed weight can be influenced by genetic factors such as BG1.", - "loss": 0.0021608307427776244 - }, - "06472540d42042a800dec83c298fccb5": { - "question": "What is observed in the Bg1-D mutant regarding auxin transport?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant shows enhanced movement of auxin towards the base of the plant.", - "loss": 0.61003755970295 - }, - "de114086a8bd588f1eede9b30bd8475b": { - "question": "What methods are used for the improvement of rice varieties mentioned in the text?", - "answer": "The improvement of rice varieties is achieved through selective breeding and genetic modification.", - "loss": 0.004592334122062172 - }, - "1ece7403e3d929e2d533240a3f438ce2": { - "question": "How has the TAC4 gene bottleneck impacted indica cultivars?", - "answer": "The bottleneck in the TAC4 gene has affected the tiller angle regulation in indica cultivars.", - "loss": 0.042615559037509854 - }, - "f253c7d4fb2bd4d569134b2fa6316ce1": { - "question": "云粳26号的外观特点是什么？", - "answer": "云粳26号的外观特点之一是颖尖无色、无芒。", - "loss": 1.448043743927099 - }, - "91438e810834eebb3214fc9b956705ab": { - "question": "圣丰家庭农场位于哪个县？", - "answer": "圣丰家庭农场位于长汀县。", - "loss": 3.338190455054042 - }, - "6507645acf35a3f01c4fbd717a4a9345": { - "question": "What factors influence the total amount of grain produced from a crop?", - "answer": "The total amount of grain produced from a crop is influenced by various factors, including grain size.", - "loss": 1.5854104661895019 - }, - "8a312b9cd3dc5a58a3f0ee2a84aca766": { - "question": "云粳26号的外观特征之一是什么？", - "answer": "谷壳黄色是云粳26号的外观特征之一。", - "loss": 1.4384042079781831 - }, - "7eb9dfccb3b36c53823fcc1e330aaf26": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么类型的品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号是一种早熟品种，生长周期较短。", - "loss": 0.05963051443298655 - }, - "18555f3352ef57d00c2f30a15d098f35": { - "question": "什么是早熟品种？", - "answer": "早熟品种是指生长周期较短的作物品种，云粳26号属于此类。", - "loss": 0.024306114763021497 - }, - "c13cef8ac76334ebdfa80b218fb6f919": { - "question": "2019年在长汀县发生了什么事件？", - "answer": "2019年是隆两优1212在长汀县继续示范种植的年份。", - "loss": 1.571420667330729 - }, - "9361662357bfe22246e14dcb06abd40c": { - "question": "How can plant biomass be enhanced according to the text?", - "answer": "Plant biomass can be enhanced by manipulating genes like BG1.", - "loss": 0.2813629664603256 - }, - "3e0264f61f77973584e020c9701d250a": { - "question": "What is the distinct phenotype of the Bg1-D mutant?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant displays a distinct phenotype characterized by extra-large grains.", - "loss": 0.3556477129091149 - }, - "de65c9dd060fa58887a3e6bc7b27bb4c": { - "question": "How does altered auxin distribution impact plant growth and development?", - "answer": "Altered auxin distribution affects growth and development by changing the spatial distribution of auxin within the plant.", - "loss": 7.896309739486327e-07 - }, - "3e955c5841ac3a90f3da4eccd8a426c9": { - "question": "How has the domestication of rice impacted the TAC4 gene?", - "answer": "The domestication of rice has caused a bottleneck in the TAC4 gene, affecting its function in indica cultivars.", - "loss": 0.7150320114210279 - }, - "f2a50f83b1cd7c921693daf2b66610cd": { - "question": "What does BG1 expression in culms indicate about its role in rice plants?", - "answer": "BG1 expression in culms suggests its involvement in the growth and development of the rice plant.", - "loss": 1.5640816284886636e-07 - }, - "336dfcf835de87bc229f046e6964827f": { - "question": "云粳26号在西南稻区的地位如何？", - "answer": "云粳26号被列为西南稻区的主导品种，表明其在该地区的重要性。", - "loss": 0.0008515005374647119 - }, - "ceb4da988a0541b944acf36431fd76cb": { - "question": "What is the role of TAC4 in rice plant architecture?", - "answer": "TAC4 is crucial for determining the plant architecture of rice by regulating the tiller angle.", - "loss": 7.177022780518039e-06 - }, - "8ba052e897dccbbf68f44205a2b13d6c": { - "question": "How does tiller angle affect rice grain yield?", - "answer": "The tiller angle significantly influences the amount of rice produced per unit area, thereby affecting grain yield.", - "loss": 1.5854104661895019 - }, - "1e7847bb6784c626f939beb5b6f5952b": { - "question": "What is the role of AUXIN in plants?", - "answer": "AUXIN is a class of plant hormones that play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development.", - "loss": 2.0090522023619024 - }, - "08e14e5b8e5fab928dac963eead1ddab": { - "question": "种植技术的定义是什么？", - "answer": "种植技术是指为提高作物产量和质量而采用的农业技术。", - "loss": 2.458109094033553e-07 - }, - "244cb50818224e7fd2b29d207c69e03c": { - "question": "What is the role of auxin in plants?", - "answer": "Auxin is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating growth and development, including grain size.", - "loss": 2.0090522023619024 - }, - "043d7930d2325dcaedf4878293041a59": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence the architecture of rice plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 influences the overall architecture of rice plants by affecting the tiller angle.", - "loss": 7.177022780518039e-06 - }, - "b75f7fe791e0be7db8c39d033ca2663a": { - "question": "河田镇南塘村在哪个县内进行隆两优1212的试种？", - "answer": "河田镇南塘村是长汀县内隆两优1212试种的具体村庄。", - "loss": 3.3123129141253984 - }, - "44101c560c53e95f3a21933a3cd4dcd4": { - "question": "What does \"plant architecture\" refer to in the context of botany?", - "answer": "Plant architecture\" refers to the structural design and arrangement of various parts of a plant, including its tiller angle.", - "loss": 2.333420687403566 - }, - "dc4ab28cc3040ea4bc13421055172e5d": { - "question": "What is gravitropism and what factors influence it in plants?", - "answer": "Gravitropism is the growth response of plants to gravity, which is regulated by hormones like indole acetic acid and influenced by TAC4.", - "loss": 0.8259349847750537 - }, - "4c468c49040e86bc49be604e8ac43ae6": { - "question": "云粳26号的推广有什么目的？", - "answer": "云粳26号的推广旨在提高农业生产效率，满足市场需求。", - "loss": 1.169639290293123e-06 - }, - "ab66b52ddff55b31c798473eaf9b8329": { - "question": "What does the sensitivity of the Bg1-D mutant to auxin suggest about its function?", - "answer": "The sensitivity of the Bg1-D mutant to auxin indicates its role in growth regulation.", - "loss": 2.238042513150685e-05 - }, - "883ac11bb60cd8f0fe2f764eee03e140": { - "question": "What is the effect of losing TAC4 function on tiller angle in plants?", - "answer": "The loss of TAC4 function results in an increased tiller angle, affecting plant architecture.", - "loss": 1.0634637919853458 - }, - "890f0a5481300b38d26e79b557a0399f": { - "question": "What are proteins and what is their relationship with genes like BG1?", - "answer": "Proteins are molecules that perform various functions in living organisms, and they are encoded by genes such as BG1.", - "loss": 1.4121341062231416 - }, - "604d203823749d2e336dd4beb3995e86": { - "question": "What role does BG1 play in crop plants, specifically in rice?", - "answer": "BG1 is identified as a positive regulator for improving yield in crop plants, particularly in rice.", - "loss": 0.021197290586618064 - }, - "b358c59097b3640abd20ac8c1a578314": { - "question": "What does the localization of the protein encoded by BG1 suggest about its function?", - "answer": "The membrane localization of the protein encoded by BG1 suggests its role in cellular transport mechanisms.", - "loss": 0.4468337439779575 - }, - "0ef97d9a8479608769f793f62b9e4566": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2018年的推广情况如何？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2018年进一步扩大示范种植，显示其推广的成功。", - "loss": 0.2437448643440381 - }, - "da1a042a73763ff90604980747c8ca89": { - "question": "What is a bottleneck in the context of genetic diversity in populations?", - "answer": "A bottleneck is a genetic phenomenon where a population experiences a significant reduction in genetic diversity, which can affect traits like TAC4 in indica cultivars.", - "loss": 0.03912297745894949 - }, - "90704274b79cecd12d2d5ea7f51ad004": { - "question": "How do genetic factors like BG1 affect rice grain yield?", - "answer": "Genetic factors like BG1 significantly influence the grain yield of rice.", - "loss": 0.3467021710806151 - }, - "31d5f888b6d6e7ec333dff2ac6a54b06": { - "question": "濯田镇永巫村与长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社有什么关系？", - "answer": "濯田镇永巫村是长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社的具体位置。", - "loss": 5.690190202714729 - }, - "42203838d5c245e37c0ad45caaec78c1": { - "question": "云粳26号的主要目标是什么？", - "answer": "云粳26号被列为主导品种，旨在通过农业推广提高其种植面积和产量。", - "loss": 0.0012081633904017803 - }, - "eea823c502b6dc35793e0a94a4a7cd17": { - "question": "What defines a membrane-localized protein?", - "answer": "A membrane-localized protein is defined as a protein that is located within or associated with cellular membranes.", - "loss": 0.09087045925116397 - }, - "21856b095ca30838d0b893a866bdec63": { - "question": "What is a plant-specific protein and can you give an example?", - "answer": "A plant-specific protein is a type of protein that is unique to plants, such as the TAC4 protein, which plays a role in regulating plant traits.", - "loss": 2.5723295018461854 - }, - "1cdc8e988342502fcbeb4736a11d50a1": { - "question": "How does the manipulation of BG1 influence plant development?", - "answer": "Manipulation of BG1 affects auxin distribution, which is crucial for proper plant development.", - "loss": 2.8801332519304187e-07 - }, - "811f16be3cf374455c54e528b24a55f8": { - "question": "What does the study of BG1 in rice and Arabidopsis reveal about its function?", - "answer": "The study of BG1 in both rice and Arabidopsis provides insights into its role in regulating grain size and plant productivity.", - "loss": 4.186935257127697e-06 - }, - "dab00a112752a927b7ab25aac7a36769": { - "question": "龙岩市在哪个省份？", - "answer": "龙岩市是福建省的一个城市。", - "loss": 3.2501133071586494 - }, - "d60e24d8188fdcf7430734f6cc7fc32d": { - "question": "隆两优1212水稻品种试种在哪个省份进行？", - "answer": "隆两优1212水稻品种试种在福建省进行。", - "loss": 3.1677237672614025 - }, - "d33ff6ff06752745ed97904f94e96d87": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么的结果？", - "answer": "云粳26号是通过科学方法培育出的新的作物品种的结果。", - "loss": 5.140191774269691e-07 - }, - "aea7c92c1bf912a3c54c2969589c6a5a": { - "question": "What is the purpose of the rice T-DNA insertion population?", - "answer": "The rice T-DNA insertion population is used for genetic studies, particularly for identifying mutants like Bg1-D.", - "loss": 0.40683872975935675 - }, - "925298aabd4ce05f193d8f4499c4ad12": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence rice grain yield?", - "answer": "TAC4's regulation of tiller angle ultimately impacts the grain yield of rice.", - "loss": 0.5317985935423521 - }, - "e1a8111e472dd766a08b76a715998633": { - "question": "云粳26号的一个重要特征是什么？", - "answer": "米粒大是云粳26号的一个重要特征。", - "loss": 2.2840864064429938 - }, - "d1c90ce25ecf7efdcd3a3354f055a1ba": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么时候育成的，属于什么类型的稻品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号是于2005年育成的早熟稻品种。", - "loss": 0.2890754962572828 - }, - "3d922cfc2368752a79c884b971d1bfb3": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence gravitropism in plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 regulates the distribution of auxin, which influences gravitropism in plants.", - "loss": 0.00011275943037008666 - }, - "c7a04dba6c03a4b086f903d22ba7927b": { - "question": "What does the BG1 gene encode and what is its role in plants?", - "answer": "The BG1 gene encodes a protein that is involved in regulating auxin transport and grain size.", - "loss": 0.0025066489567203954 - }, - "9e502f734ed87a35e39d40cdc1489afa": { - "question": "What does the Bg1-D mutant indicate about the role of the BG1 gene in auxin transport?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant shows increased auxin basipetal transport, suggesting that BG1 plays a role in auxin movement.", - "loss": 0.7033061152256165 - }, - "13e374cccee0c3f9f3e5066d9941f5c1": { - "question": "What is the scientific name of rice and what factors influence its growth and yield?", - "answer": "The scientific name of rice is Oryza sativa, and its growth and yield are influenced by various genetic factors including TAC4.", - "loss": 4.617459285327665e-05 - }, - "866d573f2f297061002de628a2d41a9e": { - "question": "What does the expression of BG1 in young panicles indicate about its function in rice?", - "answer": "The expression of BG1 in young panicles indicates its role in the reproductive development of rice.", - "loss": 0.3803147644199621 - }, - "baafb35d76a2e4e72754ee2e02837e97": { - "question": "What is the purpose of the knockdown technique in genetics?", - "answer": "The knockdown technique is used to reduce the expression of a specific gene, such as BG1, resulting in smaller grains.", - "loss": 1.1819866932528378 - }, - "c9892bf81db62710652aa1a4df6d4b28": { - "question": "中海拔稻区的海拔范围是多少米？", - "answer": "中海拔稻区是指海拔在1500至1800米之间的稻米种植区域。", - "loss": 8.109651826946951 - }, - "b3d116c8baf1e3c1c24faae3045b7eeb": { - "question": "How has the function of TAC4 changed during the domestication of indica cultivars?", - "answer": "The function of TAC4 has become fixed in indica cultivars during the domestication process.", - "loss": 1.7112298922019014 - }, - "411393e23fb7be3b93440c83cf623b70": { - "question": "What does the induction of BG1 by auxin treatment indicate about its function?", - "answer": "The induction of BG1 by auxin treatment indicates its role in auxin response and transport.", - "loss": 1.3951637372738468 - }, - "c662270fb0855a401f06b78ec7614805": { - "question": "What is the primary function of vascular tissue in plants?", - "answer": "The primary function of vascular tissue in plants is to transport nutrients and water.", - "loss": 1.4059810507194868 - }, - "65391b2acbd48738bd74607c18df8b67": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence rice shoot gravitropism?", - "answer": "TAC4 influences rice shoot gravitropism by increasing the content of indole acetic acid.", - "loss": 0.5071944590623009 - }, - "6c8afa1bbed42737a90a6327d055708a": { - "question": "云粳26号适宜在哪个海拔范围内种植？", - "answer": "云粳26号适宜在1500至1800米的海拔范围内种植。", - "loss": 0.46691513806581497 - }, - "debb6bbeb1012c754fcb00a572302d44": { - "question": "What is the effect of knocking down the BG1 gene on grain size and auxin sensitivity?", - "answer": "Knockdown of BG1 results in decreased sensitivities to auxin and smaller grain size.", - "loss": 1.175097647990172 - }, - "8596971cc73665376243a606dec81932": { - "question": "2018年在隆两优1212的种植中有什么重要事件？", - "answer": "2018年是隆两优1212在长汀县进一步扩大示范种植的年份。", - "loss": 1.1295489961280851 - }, - "79240f6ab5887ba097cc6c3659838b41": { - "question": "云粳26号在何时被列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号在2012年被列为西南稻区农业推广主导品种。", - "loss": 0.7650802039228166 - }, - "12d55d7631d787a33b4716cfca81b3cd": { - "question": "云南省农业科学院的主要职责是什么？", - "answer": "云南省农业科学院负责农业相关的研究和品种育成。", - "loss": 1.5640816284886636e-07 - }, - "d91eae23ea5e22d671024ae897104681": { - "question": "Where is BG1 preferentially expressed, and what does this indicate about its function?", - "answer": "BG1 is preferentially expressed in the vascular tissue, indicating its role in nutrient transport.", - "loss": 2.6113451392768074 - }, - "01e2d60dad5ac03b1fdade163ae70e1f": { - "question": "Why is the tiller angle important in rice cultivation?", - "answer": "The tiller angle is a critical factor that affects the grain yield of rice.", - "loss": 5.736209800751819e-07 - }, - "9745c183eac605943269ad4245c6aa86": { - "question": "云粳26号的推广旨在实现什么目标？", - "answer": "云粳26号的推广旨在提高农业生产效率。", - "loss": 3.6748243321680464e-07 - }, - "a6d71ebd98510437b234b78d7182134f": { - "question": "云粳26号在何时被农业部列为西南稻区农业推广主导品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号在2012年被农业部列为西南稻区农业推广主导品种。", - "loss": 0.5534002898677657 - }, - "ada64ad160c44a4433de00a08c02594d": { - "question": "河田镇中街村与哪个合作社有关联？", - "answer": "河田镇中街村是长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社的具体位置。", - "loss": 3.517918152359073 - }, - "cc4880aa16a927bf6ca9d166557e19fb": { - "question": "云粳26号的抗病特性是什么？", - "answer": "云粳26号具有高抗稻瘟病的特性，增强了其种植的可行性。", - "loss": 0.437758534580301 - }, - "415f6fedeeded46ae3c79164ad5d0f48": { - "question": "Why is rice considered a significant crop in agricultural research?", - "answer": "Rice is considered a significant crop in agricultural research because it is a staple crop and a model organism, particularly in studies of grain size and yield.", - "loss": 4.617459285327665e-05 - }, - "2fac96ce4fd81203d8d499e11ed89f39": { - "question": "What is the role of TAC4 in rice plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 is identified as a regulator that influences the tiller angle in rice plants.", - "loss": 0.024331670298124643 - }, - "0ea45e4ae02367a0b6d1c753f7462548": { - "question": "What does TAC4 encode and what is its role in rice plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 encodes a nuclear protein that plays a role in the regulation of rice tiller angle.", - "loss": 0.014876111410558224 - }, - "8aaa2e4913b155bc148b2e617387c1c0": { - "question": "How does auxin influence grain size in plants?", - "answer": "Auxin regulates grain size by affecting growth and development.", - "loss": 3.674824332542619e-07 - }, - "5b28c9eb45130f4b2a8e82596729f221": { - "question": "What is the function of the TAC4 gene in rice plants?", - "answer": "The TAC4 gene regulates the architecture of rice by specifically affecting its tiller angle.", - "loss": 0.13206698219679916 - }, - "21ad04b6f115dd1a70ebacc1882cca7d": { - "question": "What is the relationship between the Bg1-D mutant and the BG1 gene in rice?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant is associated with the BG1 gene, which regulates grain size in rice.", - "loss": 0.005603051259337632 - }, - "0ce4a17582ae236c253cd7cbf54209db": { - "question": "What is the function of N-1-Naphthylphthalamic acid in plants?", - "answer": "N-1-Naphthylphthalamic acid is an auxin transport inhibitor that affects the sensitivity of plants to auxin.", - "loss": 0.012305542981872948 - }, - "92c16b7125ea8b5d7dd51ee8383774b9": { - "question": "What is the function of the BG1 gene in relation to grain size and auxin transport?", - "answer": "The BG1 gene, when overexpressed, leads to increased grain size and is involved in the regulation of auxin transport.", - "loss": 0.38225379123502873 - }, - "88c7f31116c93a825901faf664843abc": { - "question": "How has the domestication of rice affected TAC4's role in tiller angle regulation?", - "answer": "The domestication of rice has influenced the regulatory role of TAC4 in controlling tiller angle.", - "loss": 0.10460714693084584 - }, - "ae137b7e8295e038c4fbdfa984a51517": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence auxin distribution in plants?", - "answer": "TAC4 affects the spatial distribution of auxin hormones within a plant, which is crucial for plant growth.", - "loss": 4.1819995810189575e-06 - }, - "7850dde8a721228f1565056215b208d6": { - "question": "What was identified from the rice T-DNA insertion population in relation to its genetic basis?", - "answer": "Bg1-D was identified from the rice T-DNA insertion population, highlighting its genetic basis.", - "loss": 0.22322877934147434 - }, - "a8c6f560f4329fef58b134e60eb2f043": { - "question": "What is indole acetic acid and what role does it play in plants?", - "answer": "Indole acetic acid is a type of auxin that plays a role in plant growth and development.", - "loss": 1.2907509963235755e-07 - }, - "ae8be48e67d8c2add117d17464d91eb1": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么类型的稻品种，在哪里育成的？", - "answer": "云粳26号是早熟稻品种，在云南省育成。", - "loss": 2.9819501947351417 - }, - "79b7e7fba7722ab8029be1bbd07a3539": { - "question": "How is TAC4 related to the grain yield of rice plants?", - "answer": "TAC4's regulation of tiller angle is directly linked to the grain yield of rice plants.", - "loss": 0.5317985935423521 - }, - "aa08e87d4b534d3910a84eec103d6c42": { - "question": "What is the specific trait exhibited by the Bg1-D mutant in terms of grain size?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D mutant exhibits an \"extra-large grain phenotype,\" characterized by significantly larger grains compared to normal.", - "loss": 4.747928125914951 - }, - "d33b082fea393b2f82878506633200e0": { - "question": "隆两优1212有哪些特征？", - "answer": "隆两优1212的特征包括分蘖力强、抗性好、抽穗整齐、后期转色好、生育期适中、产量高、适应性好。", - "loss": 0.0379364202963188 - }, - "5f9003d9cdb4d6cb4e5d4f401b4842b6": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的机播日期是什么时候？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀县进行机播的日期是6月15日。", - "loss": 3.9376944857096556 - }, - "96d45879686436690a445eba766e1775": { - "question": "What phenotype is exhibited by the dominant mutant BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D) in rice?", - "answer": "The dominant mutant BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D) exhibits an extra-large grain phenotype, affecting grain size regulation.", - "loss": 0.08021527799428438 - }, - "6067737f1d47489e15279e37c39c5bef": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2019年示范种植的面积是多少？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2019年示范种植的面积是13.50 hm^2。", - "loss": 3.0636376298296395 - }, - "9b762fe480055ddef0917289a512c4d5": { - "question": "Where is BG1 preferentially expressed in the rice plant?", - "answer": "BG1 is preferentially expressed in the young panicles, which are the flowering part of the rice plant.", - "loss": 0.9476254495473939 - }, - "a1669112bb9f021a37bdf1a5dcf21db3": { - "question": "长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社是什么时候示范种植隆两优1212的？", - "answer": "长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社在2018年示范种植隆两优1212。", - "loss": 1.7738511032028708 - }, - "98cab38ea668ee6861f3315a04046f00": { - "question": "云粳26号对稻瘟病的抗性如何？", - "answer": "云粳26号具有高抗性。", - "loss": 0.19220860377117788 - }, - "c4666a40186f02854aeeb47e3d6e50b0": { - "question": "What is the significance of TAC4 in the improvement of rice varieties?", - "answer": "TAC4 plays a significant role in understanding plant architecture, which is important for the improvement of rice varieties.", - "loss": 0.05359335437443253 - }, - "12f867eff5c8a1d8cef09816d9da6abd": { - "question": "What phenotype is exhibited by the Bg1-D dominant mutant?", - "answer": "The Bg1-D dominant mutant exhibits an extra-large grain phenotype.", - "loss": 0.31326545774936676 - }, - "5aa3f6cf208530ccaaff6c9d78714873": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的产量是多少？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀县的产量是8.78 t/hm^2。", - "loss": 2.8553758704349064 - }, - "8afa4992b308aeefbbd20b190f261b3b": { - "question": "隆两优1212在哪里进行示范种植？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社进行示范种植。", - "loss": 0.04478021708549916 - }, - "89be36de1561ebf2d4d9be888c8724f9": { - "question": "Why is grain size considered important in crop production, especially in rice?", - "answer": "Grain size is a key factor that influences grain yield in crops, particularly in rice.", - "loss": 0.06938895229298701 - }, - "4d320e65556f22d27f9258c6c4dc69de": { - "question": "What is the role of indole acetic acid in plants?", - "answer": "Indole acetic acid is a plant hormone that influences growth and development, including the regulation of gravitropism in rice.", - "loss": 0.36837029734096155 - }, - "5ccfac83d3a9e7cd8b9a756d9f7a0eeb": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的成熟日期是什么时候？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀县的成熟日期是10月21日。", - "loss": 3.889435500154262 - }, - "3a393c1d40121007f634742d9c3b3c04": { - "question": "How does tiller angle influence rice production?", - "answer": "Tiller angle significantly affects the grain yield of rice, making it an important aspect of plant architecture.", - "loss": 0.00038276082659649714 - }, - "1f3bb8f8f683d4dcb4b379d9e7e6788b": { - "question": "云粳26号有哪些特性？", - "answer": "云粳26号具有高抗稻瘟病的特性，适合种植。", - "loss": 0.0004952482704538482 - }, - "bafcaf510c615078854418a9809806a2": { - "question": "云粳26号的食味品质之一是什么？", - "answer": "有香味是云粳26号的食味品质之一。", - "loss": 0.07535676845873245 - }, - "7b58d98a18f753fe6c12d45fe3108703": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2018年示范种植的平均产量是多少？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2018年示范种植的平均产量是8.72 t/hm^2。", - "loss": 5.291381644470648 - }, - "fa48f84fd40533b2ca7a214722ad1e0f": { - "question": "What is gravitropism in plants?", - "answer": "Gravitropism is the growth response of plants to gravity, which is affected in the severe lines of the Bg1-D mutant.", - "loss": 0.8259349847750537 - }, - "d1b2c30ec8be68fde163061cef0d259b": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么时候被育成的？", - "answer": "云粳26号是在2005年被育成的。", - "loss": 1.2757854678825942 - }, - "ca0bc071dad7cc7cdfe1e4a9c329c70d": { - "question": "What is the role of the TAC4 gene in rice cultivation?", - "answer": "The TAC4 gene plays a significant role in the growth and yield of rice by regulating the tiller angle.", - "loss": 0.00041262686485408725 - }, - "892efc63c9cfe98da3b9494122143143": { - "question": "隆两优1212适合在哪个地区推广种植？", - "answer": "隆两优1212适合在长汀县推广种植。", - "loss": 0.11312617113192873 - }, - "5a8a85bed2bc5f4f7212180271267b06": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2018年示范种植的面积是多少？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2018年示范种植的面积是4.00 hm^2。", - "loss": 4.626307918465909 - }, - "de1fa70aa2b47b46c5f7dac395fbe33a": { - "question": "云粳26号适宜种植在哪个地理区域？", - "answer": "云粳26号适宜种植在云南中海拔 1 500∼1 800 m 稻区。", - "loss": 0.10301619147260987 - }, - "8f679a45d1a431d078c6912887c1e5e4": { - "question": "What are developmental signals in the context of plant growth?", - "answer": "Developmental signals are factors that influence the growth and development of plants, including grain size regulation.", - "loss": 0.6492638748206391 - }, - "95b7a1b205e4858e0dfd7ec90c695a60": { - "question": "长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社在何时示范种植隆两优1212？", - "answer": "长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社在2019年示范种植隆两优1212。", - "loss": 2.9061057158497205 - }, - "dc156ef4ade6d6c5a92142d808440dd3": { - "question": "隆两优1212的机插时间是什么时候？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在7月5日进行机插。", - "loss": 2.4750936400954147 - }, - "a32f3e889baec282ae58a993663d12c5": { - "question": "隆两优1212是什么品种，何时引入福建省进行试种？", - "answer": "隆两优1212是一种水稻品种，于2017年引入福建省龙岩市长汀县进行试种。", - "loss": 0.3354722399381748 - }, - "5ca116ec91a2c12ed734654c8c06cb0f": { - "question": "种植云粳26号需要注意什么？", - "answer": "种植云粳26号需要采用适当的种植技术，以确保其高产和优质。", - "loss": 4.320199830704407e-07 - }, - "91105a125573ed42f2bae39b8e8c302f": { - "question": "云粳26号在何时被农业部列为主导品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号在2012年被农业部列为主导品种。", - "loss": 2.114203438647301 - }, - "f6e7dfd65f03ad8a3c36d2eb2953597d": { - "question": "云粳26号的推广与什么因素密切相关？", - "answer": "云粳26号的推广与市场需求密切相关，反映了消费者对优质稻米的偏好。", - "loss": 1.0427210856591091e-07 - }, - "656d5230809aeae83b025aff88994177": { - "question": "云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所负责育成哪种早熟品种？", - "answer": "云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所负责育成早熟品种云粳26号。", - "loss": 0.4100542664527893 - }, - "9d97b79cd0a097abe894c1fe0b2c0b23": { - "question": "What is the scientific name for rice and what aspect of its architecture is influenced by tiller angle?", - "answer": "The scientific name for rice is \"Oryza sativa L.\" and its architecture is influenced by tiller angle.", - "loss": 1.063461342675712 - }, - "fcd7886b3252416cf81d00db42564c3e": { - "question": "How does the manipulation of BG1 in rice affect crop traits?", - "answer": "Manipulation of BG1 in rice can enhance traits such as biomass and yield, demonstrating its significance in crop improvement.", - "loss": 2.8801332519304187e-07 - }, - "5b5f79dd7fb573c24343440090d22cf9": { - "question": "隆两优1212在何时引入试种于福建省龙岩市长汀县？", - "answer": "隆两优1212在2017年引入试种于福建省龙岩市长汀县。", - "loss": 1.5090347017819814 - }, - "bec5b1527c24113026bbf872d0073417": { - "question": "谷壳黄色对云粳26号的市场接受度有什么影响？", - "answer": "谷壳黄色是云粳26号的外观特征之一，影响其市场接受度。", - "loss": 0.16414476682742438 - }, - "f8572a27d49bad7beba1c28a2fc8731f": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么类型的品种，谁育成的？", - "answer": "云粳26号是由云南省农业科学院育成的早熟品种。", - "loss": 0.7699170204937471 - }, - "0b9613c1c35a277045d3540ea95ab0b3": { - "question": "云粳26号是什么类型的稻品种？", - "answer": "云粳26号是通过品种育成过程而获得的早熟稻品种。", - "loss": 0.0595000738285307 - } -} diff --git a/resources/output_examples/atomic_alpaca.json b/resources/output_examples/atomic_alpaca.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..de4bca21 --- /dev/null +++ b/resources/output_examples/atomic_alpaca.json @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +[ + { + "instruction": "What do regulatory mechanisms control in plants?", + "input": "", + "output": "Regulatory mechanisms control the development and function of plant traits, such as tiller angle." + }, + { + "instruction": "What is the primary focus of genetic studies on rice?", + "input": "", + "output": "The primary focus of genetic studies on rice is to improve grain yield and size." + }, + { + "instruction": "What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?", + "input": "", + "output": "The cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells." + }, + { + "instruction": "What is the result of overexpressing a gene like BG1?", + "input": "", + "output": "Overexpressing a gene like BG1 leads to enhanced traits such as larger grain size." + }, + { + "instruction": "云粳26号是由哪个机构育成的？", + "input": "", + "output": "云粳26号是由云南省农业科学院育成的。" + }, + { + "instruction": "农业推广的定义是什么？", + "input": "", + "output": "农业推广是指通过政策和技术手段，促进优质农作物的种植和应用。" + }, + { + "instruction": "What is the purpose of the Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) in cellular studies?", + "input": "", + "output": "The Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) is used to visualize protein localization in cells by emitting fluorescent signals." + }, + { + "instruction": "隆两优1212的产量是多少？", + "input": "", + "output": "隆两优1212的产量为8.78 t/hm^2。" + }, + { + "instruction": "云粳26号适宜种植的海拔范围是多少？", + "input": "", + "output": "云粳26号适宜种植的海拔范围是1 500∼1 800 m。" + }, + { + "instruction": "云粳26号的食味品质中有哪些特点？", + "input": "", + "output": "有香味是云粳26号的食味品质之一，增加了其市场吸引力。" + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/resources/output_examples/cot.json b/resources/output_examples/cot.json deleted file mode 100644 index 01a4925d..00000000 --- a/resources/output_examples/cot.json +++ /dev/null @@ -1,47 +0,0 @@ -{ - "f8faeacb05a885ec5dfc090ffc97e5af": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的示范种植是在哪些合作社进行的？", - "reasoning_path": "1. 查找隆两优1212的示范种植关系。\n2. 确定示范种植的合作社名称。", - "answer": "隆两优1212在长汀县的示范种植关系显示出其在多个合作社进行推广。首先，长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社是隆两优1212进行示范种植的一个合作社。其次，长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社也是隆两优1212示范种植的另一个合作社。因此，隆两优1212在长汀县的示范种植主要是在长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社和长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社进行的。" - }, - "71a4fb6d6b35c3a46c376b02c11db686": { - "question": "云粳26号的推广如何影响农业生产效率？", - "reasoning_path": "1. 确定云粳26号的推广目的。\n2. 识别云粳26号与农业生产之间的关系。\n3. 验证云粳26号的推广是否满足市场需求。", - "answer": "云粳26号的推广旨在提高农业生产效率。通过推广这一品种，农民能够获得更高的产量和更好的品质，从而提升整体的农业生产水平。云粳26号作为一种优质稻米品种，具有良好的食用价值和市场潜力，这使得它在农业生产中扮演了重要角色。此外，云粳26号的推广与市场需求密切相关，反映了消费者对优质稻米的偏好。因此，云粳26号的推广不仅提高了农业生产效率，还满足了市场对优质稻米的需求。" - }, - "1303aff788fa38c5bfe049121ac8a2c5": { - "question": "2012年云粳26号被列为哪个区域的农业推广主导品种？", - "reasoning_path": "1. 确定“2012年”对应的关系。\n2. 从“2012年”出发，找到与之相关的目标实体。\n3. 验证目标实体的描述信息，确认其对应的区域。", - "answer": "2012年云粳26号被列为农业推广主导品种。这个信息表明了“2012年”与“西南稻区”之间的关系。接下来，从“2012年”出发，可以找到与之相关的目标实体，即“西南稻区”。根据描述，西南稻区是云粳26号被列为农业推广主导品种的区域。因此，2012年云粳26号被列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种。" - }, - "47807be5144177709792642a482b992c": { - "question": "What is the relationship between the Bg1-D dominant mutant and the extra-large grain phenotype it exhibits?", - "reasoning_path": "1. Recognize entities: Identify \"EXTRA-LARGE GRAIN PHENOTYPE\" and \"DOMINANT MUTANT\" with their descriptions.\n2. Recognize relationships: Identify the relationship between \"EXTRA-LARGE GRAIN PHENOTYPE\" and \"DOMINANT MUTANT\" as described.\n3. Associate the source entity \"EXTRA-LARGE GRAIN PHENOTYPE\" with its description and the target entity \"DOMINANT MUTANT\" with its description.\n4. Formulate the question based on the identified relationship and entities.\n5. Ensure the question allows for verification through the relationships and entities in the graph.", - "answer": "The Bg1-D dominant mutant is associated with the extra-large grain phenotype, which is a specific trait characterized by significantly larger grains compared to normal. The relationship indicates that the Bg1-D is a dominant mutant that expresses this extra-large grain phenotype more strongly than its recessive counterparts. This connection highlights how the genetic variant of the Bg1-D mutant directly leads to the observable trait of larger grains. Thus, the relationship between the Bg1-D dominant mutant and the extra-large grain phenotype it exhibits is that the mutant expresses this specific trait prominently." - }, - "549e295cb71cb1609654806177130875": { - "question": "How does the expression of the BG1 gene influence seed weight and overall yield in crop plants?", - "reasoning_path": "1. Identify the entity \"BG1\" and its description.\n2. Identify the entity \"SEED WEIGHT\" and its description.\n3. Recognize the relationship between \"BG1\" and \"SEED WEIGHT\" that states BG1 influences seed weight.\n4. Identify the entity \"CROP PLANT\" and its description.\n5. Recognize the relationship that indicates BG1 is a positive regulator for improving yield in crop plants.\n6. Connect the influence of BG1 on seed weight to its role in overall yield in crop plants.", - "answer": "The entity \"BG1\" is a gene that, when overexpressed, leads to increased grain size and is involved in auxin transport regulation. The entity \"SEED WEIGHT\" refers to the mass of seeds produced by a plant, which can be influenced by genetic factors such as BG1. There is a relationship that states BG1 influences seed weight, contributing to overall yield. The entity \"CROP PLANT\" refers to plants cultivated for agricultural purposes, such as rice, which are studied for yield improvement. Additionally, BG1 is identified as a positive regulator in crop plants, particularly in rice, for improving yield. Therefore, the influence of BG1 on seed weight directly connects to its role in enhancing overall yield in crop plants." - }, - "b3fa8fa35bddade955b059d656120620": { - "question": "How does auxin influence grain size in plants, and what role do developmental signals play in this process?", - "reasoning_path": "1. Identify the role of AUXIN in regulating GRAIN SIZE.\n2. Explore the relationship between GRAIN SIZE and DEVELOPMENTAL SIGNALS.\n3. Investigate how INDole ACETIC ACID relates to AUXIN and its impact on plant growth.\n4. Examine the effect of N-1-NAPHTHYLPHTHALAMIC ACID on AUXIN transport and its implications for plant development.\n5. Analyze the SENSITIVITIES of the Bg1-D mutant to AUXIN and its relevance to growth regulation.", - "answer": "Auxin plays a significant role in regulating grain size through its effects on growth and development. This indicates that auxin is crucial for determining how large grains can become in plants. Developmental signals also play a crucial role in regulating grain size, suggesting that various factors influence this process alongside auxin. Indole acetic acid, a type of auxin, is involved in plant growth and development, further emphasizing the importance of auxin in the overall growth mechanisms. N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid inhibits auxin transport, which can negatively affect plant growth and development by disrupting the normal auxin signaling pathways. The sensitivities of the Bg1-D mutant to auxin indicate its role in growth regulation, highlighting how variations in auxin response can impact the growth and development of plants, including grain size." - }, - "9913a8e476a0232a35f577dbf6b7678f": { - "question": "What is the relationship between the loss of TAC4 function and the tiller angle in rice plants?", - "reasoning_path": "1. Identify the entities related to \"TILLER ANGLE\" and \"LOSS OF TAC4 FUNCTION\".\n2. Examine the relationship between \"LOSS OF TAC4 FUNCTION\" and \"TILLER ANGLE\".\n3. Analyze how \"TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 4 (TAC4)\" influences \"TILLER ANGLE\".\n4. Investigate the role of \"NUCLEAR PROTEIN\" in the context of \"TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 4 (TAC4)\".\n5. Synthesize the information to explain the impact of TAC4 on tiller angle and plant architecture.", - "answer": "The entities involved in the question are \"TILLER ANGLE\" and \"LOSS OF TAC4 FUNCTION\". \n\nThe relationship between \"LOSS OF TAC4 FUNCTION\" and \"TILLER ANGLE\" indicates that the loss of TAC4 function results in an increased tiller angle, which significantly affects the plant architecture of rice.\n\nNext, \"TILLER ANGLE CONTROL 4 (TAC4)\" is identified as a regulator that influences the tiller angle in rice plants. This suggests that TAC4 plays a crucial role in maintaining the appropriate tiller angle for optimal plant architecture.\n\nFurthermore, \"TAC4\" encodes a nuclear protein that is involved in the regulation of the tiller angle. This nuclear protein is essential for the proper functioning of TAC4 in controlling the tiller angle.\n\nBy synthesizing this information, it can be concluded that the loss of TAC4 function leads to an increased tiller angle, which negatively impacts the overall architecture of rice plants. Thus, TAC4 is vital for regulating the tiller angle and ensuring the structural integrity of the plant." - }, - "4949e9970b7b2af69fdbf3d5b084cc84": { - "question": "What is the relationship between the BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D) mutant and its effects on gravitropism and phenotype in rice?", - "reasoning_path": "1. Identify the entity \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" and its description.\n2. Identify the relationship between \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" and \"PHENOTYPE\" to understand its observable characteristics.\n3. Identify the relationship between \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" and \"GRAVITROPISM\" to explore its impact on growth responses.\n4. Identify the relationship between \"GRAVITROPISM\" and \"SEVERE LINES\" to assess how genetic mutations affect gravitropism.\n5. Identify the relationship between \"GRAVITROPISM\" and \"AUXIN DISTRIBUTION\" to understand the hormonal influence on growth responses.\n6. Compile the information from the identified relationships to summarize the connections between the entities regarding the effects of BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D) on phenotype and gravitropism.", - "answer": "The entity \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" is a dominant mutant in rice known for its extra-large grain phenotype. This mutant exhibits a distinct phenotype characterized by its large grains, which is directly linked to its observable characteristics. The relationship between \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" and \"GRAVITROPISM\" reveals that this mutant also shows altered gravitropism, indicating a connection between grain size and the plant's growth responses to gravity. Furthermore, examining the relationship between \"GRAVITROPISM\" and \"SEVERE LINES\" indicates that severe lines, which are genetic lines with extreme phenotypes, exhibit altered gravitropism, suggesting that genetic mutations can significantly affect how plants respond to gravity. Additionally, the relationship between \"GRAVITROPISM\" and \"AUXIN DISTRIBUTION\" highlights that gravitropism is influenced by the distribution of auxin hormones, which are regulated by proteins like TAC4, further linking hormonal regulation to growth responses. By compiling this information, it becomes clear that the BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D) mutant not only affects the phenotype of rice by producing larger grains but also alters gravitropism, demonstrating the interconnectedness of genetic mutations, observable traits, and growth responses in plants." - }, - "dcb8419b97651f5d21e2b579ce926efe": { - "question": "How does the TAC4 gene influence the grain yield of rice through its regulation of tiller angle?", - "reasoning_path": "1. Identify the role of TAC4 in regulating tiller angle.\n2. Determine the relationship between TAC4's regulation of tiller angle and grain yield.\n3. Explore how the domestication process has affected TAC4's function in rice.\n4. Investigate the impact of indica cultivars on the function of TAC4 and its regulation of tiller angle.\n5. Analyze the overall influence of TAC4 on rice plant architecture and its implications for grain yield.", - "answer": "The TAC4 gene plays a crucial role in regulating the tiller angle of rice plants. This regulation is significant because the tiller angle directly affects how the plant grows and develops. The relationship between TAC4's regulation of tiller angle and grain yield is established, as changes in tiller angle can lead to variations in the amount of grain produced. \n\nThe domestication process of rice has influenced the function of TAC4, as it has undergone changes that affect its regulatory capabilities. Specifically, during domestication, the function of TAC4 has become fixed in indica cultivars, which may limit its variability and adaptability in regulating tiller angle.\n\nIndica cultivars have experienced a genetic bottleneck that impacts the function of TAC4, leading to a more uniform regulation of tiller angle across these varieties. This uniformity can affect the overall plant architecture, which is essential for optimizing grain yield.\n\nOverall, TAC4 influences the architecture of rice plants by regulating the tiller angle, which in turn has significant implications for grain yield. The interplay between TAC4, tiller angle, and grain yield highlights the importance of this gene in rice cultivation and agricultural productivity." - } -} diff --git a/resources/output_examples/cot_sharegpt.json b/resources/output_examples/cot_sharegpt.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1ae8cd95 --- /dev/null +++ b/resources/output_examples/cot_sharegpt.json @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +[ + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "What is the localization of TAC4-RFP fusion proteins in relation to the cell wall?" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "The entity \"TAC4-RFP FUSION PROTEINS\" is identified as the subject of interest regarding localization. The relationship that indicates the localization of \"TAC4-RFP FUSION PROTEINS\" to \"CELL-WALL\" is established, showing that these proteins are primarily found in that area. This localization suggests a functional role for \"TAC4-RFP FUSION PROTEINS\" within the \"CELL-WALL\". Therefore, the findings indicate that \"TAC4-RFP FUSION PROTEINS\" are localized to the cell wall, highlighting their importance in that specific cellular context." + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "云粳26号在西南稻区被列为主导品种的年份是什么？" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "云粳26号是一个在西南稻区被广泛推广的农作物品种。为了找到云粳26号在西南稻区被列为主导品种的年份，首先需要确认云粳26号与西南稻区的关系。根据信息，云粳26号在西南稻区被列为农业推广主导品种。接下来，查找与西南稻区相关的年份信息。根据提供的数据，2012年是云粳26号被列为西南稻区农业推广主导品种的年份。最后，验证2012年与云粳26号的关系，确认2012年确实是云粳26号在西南稻区被列为主导品种的年份。因此，答案是2012年。" + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "What is the purpose of performing a transient assay in NB epidermal cells?" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "The entity \"TRANSIENT ASSAY\" is identified, which is a laboratory technique used to introduce genetic material into cells for a short period to study gene expression and protein function. The entity \"NB EPIDERMAL CELLS\" is also identified, which indicates that the transient assay was performed in these cells to study the localization of TAC4. The relationship between \"TRANSIENT ASSAY\" and \"NB EPIDERMAL CELLS\" reveals that the purpose of the assay is to investigate the localization of TAC4 within the NB epidermal cells. The specific purpose extracted from this relationship is to study how TAC4 is localized in these cells. Therefore, the answer is that the purpose of performing a transient assay in NB epidermal cells is to study the localization of TAC4." + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "How does the expression of the BG1 gene influence the grain size and development in rice plants?" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "The BG1 gene plays a crucial role in regulating grain size in rice plants. It is involved in the process of auxin transport, which is essential for proper plant growth and development. The expression of BG1 is linked to increased seed weight, indicating that it directly influences the mass of grains produced. Additionally, BG1 affects the sensitivities of the plant to auxin and auxin transport inhibitors, suggesting that its expression levels can alter how rice plants respond to hormonal signals that regulate growth.\n\nIn young panicles, BG1 is preferentially expressed, highlighting its critical role during the early stages of grain development. This expression is vital for ensuring that the grains develop properly and achieve optimal size. Furthermore, overexpression of BG1 has been shown to lead to increased grain size, demonstrating its significant impact on grain development.\n\nFinally, the BG1 gene influences the grain phenotype, particularly in terms of size and how the grains respond to environmental signals. This multifaceted role of BG1 underscores its importance in enhancing grain size and overall yield in rice plants." + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "How does the tiller angle influence the grain yield of rice?" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "Recognize entities: \"GRAIN YIELD\" refers to the amount of rice produced per unit area, while \"TILLER ANGLE\" is an important aspect of plant architecture that significantly affects this yield. Identify relationships: The relationship indicates that the tiller angle is a critical factor that directly affects the grain yield of rice. Associate \"GRAIN YIELD\" with its description, noting that it is influenced by various factors, and \"TILLER ANGLE\" with its description, emphasizing its role in plant architecture. Establish the connection between \"TILLER ANGLE\" and \"GRAIN YIELD\" based on the identified relationship, which highlights the direct impact of the tiller angle on the yield. Formulate the question to explore how the tiller angle influences the grain yield of rice, leading to an understanding of the significance of the tiller angle in maximizing rice production." + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "What is the relationship between the big grain1 (Bg1-D) mutant and its identification from the T-DNA insertion population in rice?" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "The entity \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" is a dominant mutant in rice that exhibits an extra-large grain phenotype. This mutant is significant in the study of rice genetics due to its impact on grain size and gravitropism. The entity \"T-DNA INSERTION POPULATION\" is a genetic tool used in plant research to create mutations, including the big grain1 (Bg1-D) mutant. The relationship between \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" and \"T-DNA INSERTION POPULATION\" indicates that the Bg1-D mutant was specifically identified from this population, showcasing the application of genetic tools in plant research. Additionally, the connection between \"BIG GRAIN1 (BG1-D)\" and \"RICE\" highlights that this mutant variant is part of the rice species, further contextualizing its relevance in genetic studies aimed at improving rice yield and size. The question regarding the relationship between the big grain1 (Bg1-D) mutant and its identification from the T-DNA insertion population can be answered by confirming that the Bg1-D mutant was indeed identified through the use of the T-DNA insertion population in rice genetics research." + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "What role does TAC4 play in the regulation of tiller angle and how does its function relate to the improvement of rice plant architecture?" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "TAC4 is a gene that plays a crucial role in the regulation of tiller angle in rice plants. It encodes a nuclear protein essential for this regulation, indicating its importance in determining plant architecture. The relationships involving TAC4 reveal that it significantly influences tiller angle regulation, which is critical for optimizing plant structure and yield. \n\nResearch on TAC4 also highlights its potential in improving rice plant architecture. By understanding how TAC4 functions, insights can be gained that may lead to enhancements in the structural traits of rice plants, ultimately increasing their adaptability and yield. \n\nFurthermore, TAC4 affects the distribution of auxin, a plant hormone that regulates various aspects of growth and development, including gravitropism. Specifically, TAC4 regulates rice shoot gravitropism by increasing the content of indole acetic acid, a type of auxin. This connection underscores the role of TAC4 in facilitating proper plant orientation and growth.\n\nIn summary, TAC4 is integral to the regulation of tiller angle, which directly impacts rice plant architecture. Its function not only influences the plant's structural traits but also provides a pathway for potential improvements in rice cultivation practices." + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "哪些农作物适合在中海拔地区种植？" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "中海拔地区的特征主要是气候和土壤条件适合特定农作物的生长。接下来，需要查找适宜种植区域与中海拔的关系，以确定哪些农作物能够在此生长。通过识别适合在中海拔种植的农作物品种，可以进一步了解这些作物的特性。分析这些农作物的外观特点，有助于了解它们在市场上的接受度。最后，确定早熟品种在中海拔地区的适应性，可以为农民提供更好的种植选择。" + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "隆两优1212在长汀县的试种表现出哪些优良特性？" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "隆两优1212在长汀县进行试种，表现出优良的生长特性。首先，隆两优1212的分蘖力强，使其能够产生较多的分蘖，适合在长汀县推广种植。其次，隆两优1212的抗性好，能够有效抵抗病虫害，减少种植过程中的损失。此外，隆两优1212的生育期适中，符合当地的气候条件，促进了其健康生长。最后，隆两优1212的抽穗整齐和后期转色好，进一步提高了其市场竞争力和吸引力。因此，隆两优1212在长汀县的试种表现出分蘖力强、抗性好、生育期适中、抽穗整齐和后期转色好的优良特性。" + } + ] + }, + { + "conversations": [ + { + "from": "human", + "value": "云粳26号的外观特点有哪些？" + }, + { + "from": "gpt", + "value": "云粳26号的外观特点有哪些？ \n首先，我需要查询云粳26号的外观特点。根据信息，云粳26号的外观特点包括“颖尖无色、无芒”和“谷壳黄色”。接下来，我验证“颖尖无色、无芒”是否为云粳26号的外观特点。确实，颖尖无色、无芒是云粳26号的外观特点之一，体现了其独特性。然后，我再验证“谷壳黄色”是否为云粳26号的外观特点。谷壳黄色也是云粳26号的外观特征，影响其市场表现。因此，云粳26号的外观特点包括颖尖无色、无芒和谷壳黄色。" + } + ] + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/resources/output_examples/multi-hop.json b/resources/output_examples/multi-hop.json deleted file mode 100644 index 49842731..00000000 --- a/resources/output_examples/multi-hop.json +++ /dev/null @@ -1,167 +0,0 @@ -{ - "6a4aaafd4628c0d0081366b1230922fe": { - "question": "How does the expression of the BG1 gene in young panicles contribute to the yield improvement in rice crop plants?", - "answer": "The expression of the BG1 gene in young panicles indicates its role in reproductive development, and since BG1 is identified as a positive regulator for improving yield in crop plants like rice, it contributes to increased grain size and overall yield enhancement.", - "loss": 0.1357050354219726 - }, - "08bab7d44dc742dd5327e422a8c8fab2": { - "question": "How does the knockdown of the BG1 gene affect grain size and auxin sensitivity in plants?", - "answer": "The knockdown of BG1 results in smaller grain size and decreased sensitivities to auxin.", - "loss": 0.7750791690645821 - }, - "2323c4afc0aa3677c8e102b6677548ef": { - "question": "How does the genetic bottleneck affect the tiller angle regulation in indica cultivars of rice?", - "answer": "It affects the tiller angle regulation by causing a reduction in genetic diversity in the TAC4 gene.", - "loss": 0.042615559037509854 - }, - "802343be53da9fbf8a67ec72a94638ef": { - "question": "How does the manipulation of the BG1 gene in Arabidopsis affect the overall growth and productivity of plants?", - "answer": "It enhances plant biomass, indicating its importance in growth and productivity.", - "loss": 0.0008380628005689666 - }, - "21a261da0befb9f5e7616a29c223e954": { - "question": "How does the alteration in gravitropism in the Bg1-D mutant relate to its observable characteristics, specifically regarding grain size?", - "answer": "The alteration in gravitropism in the Bg1-D mutant indicates a link between the growth response to gravity and the phenotype of extra-large grains, suggesting that the genetic changes affecting gravitropism also influence grain size regulation.", - "loss": 0.19428232177790447 - }, - "fa714644151cfff0d77970a1ba255aae": { - "question": "在什么年份，云粳26号被列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种？", - "answer": "2012年", - "loss": 0.7650802039228166 - }, - "c6aab621d809b4e7871427d8f2b929ee": { - "question": "What is the role of the protein encoded by the TAC4 gene in rice, and how does it affect the plant's characteristics?", - "answer": "The protein encoded by the TAC4 gene regulates the tiller angle in rice, which influences the overall architecture and yield of the plant.", - "loss": 0.014876111410558224 - }, - "f997a69a39ba43e7ce81f14199cc7dd9": { - "question": "云粳26号是由哪个机构育成的，并且在什么年份被列为西南稻区农业推广主导品种？", - "answer": "云南省农业科学院，2012年。", - "loss": 0.7469301817580426 - }, - "09054e433f0298ab2ed54518caab744f": { - "question": "How does the gene TAC4 affect the grain yield of rice through its influence on grain size?", - "answer": "TAC4 regulates the tiller angle in rice, which in turn affects the growth and arrangement of rice plants, ultimately influencing grain size; since grain size is a critical determinant of overall grain yield, TAC4 indirectly impacts the grain yield of rice.", - "loss": 0.11570529519520889 - }, - "a693075a3684ba38ac44980686d376ba": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县绿丰优质稻专业合作社和圣丰家庭农场的种植方式有什么共同点？", - "answer": "隆两优1212被用于作烟后稻的种植方式。", - "loss": 0.012698659113356001 - }, - "1da6d08dcb77c4c121f0f72f31237484": { - "question": "How does the bottleneck phenomenon affect the TAC4 gene in indica cultivars, and what is the ultimate impact of TAC4 on rice grain yield?", - "answer": "The bottleneck phenomenon has led to a fixed function of the TAC4 gene in indica cultivars, which affects its role in regulating the gravitropic response of rice shoots. This regulation of TAC4 influences the tiller angle, which ultimately impacts the grain yield of rice plants.", - "loss": 0.9860201657217603 - }, - "1c5b5edcea0a3478f75b604f49286a80": { - "question": "How does N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid affect the role of indole acetic acid in plant growth and development?", - "answer": "N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid inhibits auxin transport, which affects the sensitivity of plants to indole acetic acid, thereby influencing plant growth and development.", - "loss": 9.680632472426816e-08 - }, - "65f0768e366029849a44df721d9efcee": { - "question": "云粳26号是如何通过品种育成和农业推广在西南稻区成为主导品种的？", - "answer": "云粳26号是通过品种育成过程获得的早熟稻品种，随后被列为主导品种，通过农业推广提高其种植面积和产量，从而在西南稻区成为主导品种。", - "loss": 0.02051991258546573 - }, - "169b79c15459f437327606555d0a1543": { - "question": "云粳26号在2012年被哪个政府部门列为主导品种，并且它的外观特点有哪些？", - "answer": "农业部；颖尖无色、无芒和谷壳黄色。", - "loss": 1.6668837968508612 - }, - "2ab613f72194988d46224cb78778f364": { - "question": "What is the role of the gene BG1 in the growth of rice plants, and where is its expression observed?", - "answer": "BG1 is involved in the growth and development of the rice plant, and its expression is observed in the culms.", - "loss": 1.5640816284886636e-07 - }, - "51d2351f43d26fa20a0bb97e020828ab": { - "question": "How does the manipulation of the Bg1-D mutant in severe lines affect the growth response of plants to gravity, and what role does auxin play in this process?", - "answer": "The manipulation of the Bg1-D mutant in severe lines leads to altered gravitropism, indicating that genetic mutations can significantly impact how plants respond to gravity. Auxin, a crucial plant hormone, is involved in this gravitropic response by influencing the distribution of auxin within the plant, which is regulated by proteins like TAC4.", - "loss": 0.00011721489843845191 - }, - "4fee5777f433a06093a5efa897a08bb7": { - "question": "How does the TAC4 protein contribute to the improvement of rice varieties in relation to their growth response to gravity?", - "answer": "TAC4 influences the gravitropic response of rice shoots by regulating the levels of indole acetic acid, which is essential for understanding and enhancing rice varieties through selective breeding and genetic modification.", - "loss": 0.0327960422161646 - }, - "5581ad988938db9f72113259f75a9139": { - "question": "云粳26号的哪个特征影响了它的食用价值，并且这个品种是在哪一年和哪个省份被育成的？", - "answer": "米粒大；2005年；云南省", - "loss": 2.8543118722606766 - }, - "700ee905416b63b66ffbb566b77b2f06": { - "question": "云粳26号的哪些特性使其在市场上更具吸引力，并且这些特性与其生长周期有什么关系？", - "answer": "云粳26号的特性包括落粒性适中和有香味，这些特性增加了其市场吸引力。同时，云粳26号是一种早熟品种，生长周期较短。", - "loss": 0.08589649638128727 - }, - "1aec0d81190e97295ffe2848533d4997": { - "question": "What type of genetic variant is responsible for the extra-large grain phenotype observed in the Bg1-D mutant?", - "answer": "Dominant mutant", - "loss": 0.31326545774936676 - }, - "6f6506a49aeeda15889361e838b8aa70": { - "question": "隆两优1212的生长周期是从什么时候开始，到什么时候结束？", - "answer": "生长周期从6月15日开始，到10月21日结束。", - "loss": 3.1628897813185515 - }, - "e03c364a79bfe35a03957fcdd7b75c3c": { - "question": "隆两优1212在长汀县的示范种植是在哪一年开始的，并且在2019年继续进行的合作社是什么？", - "answer": "长汀润丰优质稻专业合作社。", - "loss": 0.05184697809631562 - }, - "e179cf5967359215381832f4c60c38ef": { - "question": "How does the loss of TAC4 function in rice plants affect their grain yield?", - "answer": "The loss of TAC4 function leads to an increased tiller angle, which negatively impacts the plant architecture and ultimately reduces the grain yield of rice.", - "loss": 0.3625986786348168 - }, - "14201c917ac08b622a5cd57766abece9": { - "question": "云粳26号作为一种稻米品种，其推广与什么因素密切相关，这个因素又与消费者对什么的需求有关？", - "answer": "市场需求，消费者对优质稻米的需求。", - "loss": 4.89174685946466e-07 - }, - "72d959b82c302eb4fa644bc1986e8544": { - "question": "云粳26号的哪些特性使其在农业生产中受到推广，以应对稻瘟病和满足市场需求？", - "answer": "云粳26号具有高抗稻瘟病的特性和食味品质好的特性。", - "loss": 0.0002740193135271656 - }, - "afbf76dbc78c093f318ab088b777d88e": { - "question": "隆两优1212在2018年推广成功的原因是什么？", - "answer": "隆两优1212表现出分蘖力强、抗性好、抽穗整齐、后期转色好、生育期适中、产量高、适应性好等优良特性。", - "loss": 0.18373929475166698 - }, - "27ea3a56a1ecf68c1565dc4ed88b9dcb": { - "question": "How does the expression of the BG1 gene in vascular tissue relate to the plant's sensitivity to auxin transport inhibitors like N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid?", - "answer": "The expression of the BG1 gene in vascular tissue indicates its role in nutrient transport, and the sensitivity of the Bg1-D mutant to N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid suggests that BG1 is involved in auxin transport mechanisms, which are affected by this inhibitor.", - "loss": 1.8092947890006377 - }, - "99a9f111b7f1f93666126f0e3f61c42f": { - "question": "How does the manipulation of the BG1 gene in a rice T-DNA insertion population affect seed weight and plant development?", - "answer": "The manipulation of the BG1 gene influences seed weight by contributing to overall yield, and it also alters auxin distribution, which is crucial for proper plant development.", - "loss": 1.0247478346435845e-06 - }, - "bf1a5fdce87674c5386f89ceaf37205b": { - "question": "云粳26号是由哪个机构育成的，并且适合在哪个海拔范围的稻区种植？", - "answer": "云粳26号是由云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所育成的，适合在1500至1800米的中海拔稻区种植。", - "loss": 0.25571032472038896 - }, - "caf8a993ece46b37372c5982da3ec8b6": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence the growth and structural design of rice plants through its effect on auxin distribution and tiller angle?", - "answer": "TAC4 regulates the distribution of auxin, which is essential for proper plant growth, and it also influences the tiller angle, thereby determining the overall architecture of rice plants.", - "loss": 7.328495219848076e-06 - }, - "eb2085106243976a07daa33a713d8f37": { - "question": "How does TAC4 influence grain yield in rice through its effect on auxin distribution and plant growth regulation?", - "answer": "TAC4 influences grain yield in rice by regulating the distribution of auxin, which plays a significant role in the growth and development of the plant, ultimately affecting grain size.", - "loss": 7.691885147988529e-06 - }, - "d55437c4a02401b6b8fc5b050e0e0056": { - "question": "How does the domestication of rice affect the regulation of indole acetic acid levels in relation to the growth response of rice shoots?", - "answer": "The domestication of rice influences the regulatory role of TAC4, which in turn regulates the levels of indole acetic acid, affecting the gravitropic response of rice shoots.", - "loss": 0.2479561960633153 - }, - "6307049c2892597a87535553f0bce4e7": { - "question": "What factor, influenced by developmental signals, is crucial for determining the yield of rice crops?", - "answer": "Grain size", - "loss": 2.7561182491159133e-07 - } -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/resources/output_examples/multi-hop_chatml.json b/resources/output_examples/multi-hop_chatml.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9e651ae3 --- /dev/null +++ b/resources/output_examples/multi-hop_chatml.json @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +[ + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "What architectural feature of rice plants is crucial for maximizing the amount of rice produced per unit area?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "Tiller angle" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "How does the manipulation of the BG1 gene in Arabidopsis affect the overall growth of the plant, particularly in terms of biomass?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "It leads to increased plant biomass, indicating its importance in overall plant growth." + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "隆两优1212在长汀县表现出哪些特性，使其适合在绿丰优质稻专业合作社进行示范种植？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "分蘖力强和优良的生长特性。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "In which part of the plant cells were TAC4-RFP fusion proteins primarily localized, and what method was used to visualize their location?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The TAC4-RFP fusion proteins were primarily localized to the cell wall, and RFP signals were used to visualize their location." + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "云粳26号的外观特点如何影响其市场接受度和种植选择？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "云粳26号的外观特点包括颖尖无色、无芒，这些特征影响其市场接受度和种植选择。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "云粳26号在2012年被列为西南稻区的农业推广主导品种，这一决定反映了什么特征？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "云粳26号的适应性和市场需求。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "What genetic factor in rice is responsible for the extra-large grain phenotype observed in the big grain1 (Bg1-D) mutant, and how does it influence grain size?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The BG1 gene is responsible for the extra-large grain phenotype in the big grain1 (Bg1-D) mutant, as it regulates grain size and is involved in auxin transport." + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "云粳26号的高食用价值是由哪个机构的研究成果所体现的？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "云南省农业科学院" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "隆两优1212在种植过程中采用了哪些技术，这些技术如何影响其市场竞争力？" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "隆两优1212在种植过程中采用了机插和机播技术，这些技术确保了插秧的质量和提高了种植效率，从而提升了其抽穗整齐特性，进而提高了市场竞争力。" + } + ] + }, + { + "messages": [ + { + "role": "user", + "content": "How does the overexpression of the BG1 gene influence the growth of rice plants, particularly in relation to grain size and auxin transport?" + }, + { + "role": "assistant", + "content": "The overexpression of the BG1 gene leads to increased grain size by enhancing auxin transport, which is crucial for regulating growth and development in rice plants. Additionally, BG1 expression in the culms indicates its role in the overall growth and structural integrity of the plant." + } + ] + } +] \ No newline at end of file