Green = 16 + 12 = 28. Green + Red = 28 + 16 = 44. There are 44 apples in the bowl.
The answer: 44
Reverse engineering the question: There are 12 more green apples than red apples in a bowl. There are 16 red apples. How many apples are there in the bowl?

The total spent on both pairs of jeans was $110 - $40 - $30 = $40. One pair of jeans would cost $40 / 2 = $20.
The answer: 20
Reverse engineering the question: To get ready for the new school year, Mary brought her two kids shopping. She bought her son James, a coat for $40 and two pairs of jeans. She bought his sister Jamie, a pair of shoes for $30. The total cost of the items was $110. If the two pairs of jeans for James cost the same price, how much did one pair of jeans cost?

Trisha's pay before taxes is 15 dollars an hour x 40 hours per week x 52 weeks = 31,200 dollars. The amount withheld is 20 percent, or 0.2 x 31,200 = 6,240 dollars. Trisha's gross pay of 31,200 - 6,240 = 24,960 dollars.
The answer: 24960
Reverse engineering the question: Trisha just got a job offer for an hourly job that pays 15 dollars an hour, 40 hours per week. She has been told to estimate that 20 percent of her pay will be withheld to pay taxes, unemployment insurance, and social security. Assuming Trisha works 52 weeks in a year, what is her annual "take-home" pay?

Paige has 100 space stickers that she is dividing among 3 friends, so 100 stickers / 3 friends = 33 stickers for each friend, with 1 remaining. She also has 50 cat stickers that she is diving among 3 friends, so 50 stickers / 3 friends = 16 stickers for each friend, with 2 remaining. So Paige will have 1 remaining space sticker + 2 remaining cat stickers = 3 stickers left.
The answer: 3
Reverse engineering the question:
Paige bought some new stickers and wanted to share them with 3 of her friends. She decided to share a sheet of 100 space stickers and a sheet of 50 cat stickers equally among her 3 friends. How many stickers will she have left?