Question: Albert noticed a flock of geese flying together in a V formation in the sky overhead. One half of the geese broke off from the formation, flew toward the earth, and landed in some trees. Then, 4 geese flew up, out of the trees, and joined those already flying in the air to make a new V formation in the sky. If the final number of geese flying in the V formation was 12, how many geese were in the first formation Albert noticed in the sky?
Answer with step-by-step thinking: If the final number of geese was 12, which included the 4 that joined from the trees, then before these 4 joined, there were 12 - 4 = 8 geese in the sky. Since these 8 geese represent the half of geese remaining, then the initial formation contained 8 * 2 = 16 geese.
So the answer is 16.


Question: Diana is twice as old as Grace is today. If Grace turned 3 a year ago, how old is Diana today?
Answer with step-by-step thinking: Today, Grace is 3 + 1 = 4 years old. So, Diana is 4 * 2 = 8 years old today.
So the answer is 8.


Question: A competition has racers competing on bicycles and tricycles to win a grand prize of $4000. If there are 40 people in the race, and 3/5 of them are riding on bicycles, how many wheels do the bicycles and tricycles in the race have combined?
Answer with step-by-step thinking:
If 3 / 5 of the people in the race are riding bicycles, their number is 3 / 5 * 40 people = 24 people. Since a bicycle has 2 wheels, and 24 people were riding on a bicycle each, the total number of bicycle wheels in the race is 2 wheels / bike * 24 bikes = 48 wheels. The number of racers on tricycles is 40 people - 24 people = 16 people. Since a tricycle has 3 wheels, and 16 people were riding on a tricycle each, the total number of tricycle wheels in the race is 3 wheels / trike * 16 trikes = 48 wheels. The combined total for bicycle and tricycle wheels in the race is 48 wheels + 48 wheels = 96 wheels.
So the answer is 96.