Question: Ray buys a pack of hamburger meat for $5.00, a box of crackers for $3.50, 4 bags of frozen vegetables at $2.00 per bag and a pack of cheese for $3.50 at the grocery store. Because he is a store rewards member, he gets 10% off of his purchase. What does his total grocery bill come to?
Answer: He buys 4 bags of frozen vegetables for $2.00 a bag so that’s 4 * 2 = $8.00. The meat is $5.00, the crackers are $3.50, the vegetables are $8.00 and the cheese is $3.50 for a total of 5 + 3.50 + 8 + 3.50 = $20.00. He gets 10% discount on his $20.00 purchase so that’s .10 * 20 = $2.00 off. His final grocery bill will be 20 - 2 = $18.00. The answer is 18.

Question: Bob gets paid $5 an hour for the regular hours he works and $6 an hour for any overtime hours he works. All hours over 40 in a week are considered overtime. If Bob works 44 hours in the first week and 48 hours in the second week, how much did he make?
Answer: Bob has worked 40 hours / week x 2 weeks = 80 regular hours. Bob got paid 80 hours x $5 / hour = $400 for his regular hours. Bob worked 44 hours - 40 hours = 4 hours of overtime in the first week. Bob worked 48 hours - 40 hours = 8 hours of overtime in the second week. In total Bob worker 8 hours + 4 hours = 12 hours of overtime. Bob got paid $6 / hour x 12 hours = $72 for overtime. In 2 weeks Bob earned $400 + $72 = $472. The answer is 472.

Question: Laura loves to cook. One day she decided to make dinner for her family. She bought the necessary ingredients for this occasion: two salads, 2 kilograms of beef, 1 kilogram of potatoes, and two liters of juice. One salad costs $3, and one kilogram of beef is two times more expensive. One kilogram of potatoes costs one-third of the price of one salad, and one liter of juice is $1.5. How much did Laura need to pay for all the products she bought?
Answer: Laura bought two salads, for 2 * 3 = $6. One kilogram of beef is two times more expensive than one salad, which means it cost 2 * 3 = $6. So Laura spend 2 * 6 = $12 on beef. One kilogram of potatoes costs only 3 * 1 / 3 = $1, and that's how much Laura paid for potatoes. Laura bought two liters of juice, so she did spend on them 2 * 1.5 = $3. So in total Laura paid 6 + 12 + 1 + 3 = $22. The answer is 22.

Question: During a unit on probability, a teacher surveys her class asking her students two questions. The first question was whether they prefer dogs or cats, and the second question was whether they movies or video games. Of the 30 students in her class, 50% chose dogs and video games as their two answers, while 10% chose dogs and movies as their two answers. In total, how many students in this teacher's class prefer dogs over cats?
Answer:
The 50% of the class that chose dogs and video games amounts to 30 * 0.5 = 15 students who prefer dogs over cats. Similarly, the 10% that chose dogs and movies amount to 30 * 0.1 = 3 students who prefer dogs over cats. Because these are the only two ways that a student could indicate their preference for dogs, and because these groups do not overlap, a total of 15 + 3 = 18 students favor dogs over cats in this teacher's class. The answer is 18.