They approved 20% off of the $20.00 item so .20 * 20 = $4.00. The item has a $4.00 discount which can be applied from his final total of $54.00 so 54 - 4 = $50.00. Now he can use his 10% coupon on the $50.00 total so .10 * 50 = $5.00. The total was $50.00 but his $5.00 discount now makes it 50 - 5 = $45.00.
The answer: 45
Reverse engineering the question: Ralph has $54.00 worth of products in his cart. At the register, he asks if he could have a 20% discount on an item with a small issue. This item is $20.00 to start. They agree.  Ralph also has a 10% coupon on his purchase, which he uses after the 20% discount on the item with the small issue. How much will all of his items cost?


Reasoning and answer: Martha’s car gets 20 / 2 = 10 miles per gallon. Total gallons Martha’s car requires is 300 / 10 = 30 gallons.
The answer: 30
What was the question?
Question: Darlene's car gets 20 miles/gallon. Martha's car gets half as many miles per gallon as Darlene’s car. How many gallons does Martha’s car require to make a 300-mile trip?


First find the total number of 3 - and 4 - year - olds: 13 kids + 20 kids = 33 kids. Then find the total number of 5 - and 6 - year - olds: 15 kids + 22 kids = 37 kids. Then add the two class sizes: 33 kids + 37 kids = 70 kids. Then divide the number of kids by the number of classes to find the average class size: 70 kids / 2 classes = 35 kids / class.
The answer: 35
Reverse engineering the question: There are 13 3-year-olds, 20 4-year-olds, 15 5-year-olds, and 22 six-year-olds at a particular Sunday school. If the 3 and 4-year-olds are in one class and the 5 and 6-year-olds are in another class, what is the average class size?


Reasoning and answer: On Monday Kendra saw 5 sites x 7 birds / site = 35 different birds. On Tuesday Kendra saw 5 sites x 5 birds / site = 25 different birds. On Wednesday Kendra saw 10 sites x 8 birds / site = 80 different birds. In total Kendra saw 35 birds + 25 birds + 80 birds = 140 different birds. In total Kendra visited 5 sites + 5 sites + 10 sites = 20 sites. On average Kendra saw 140 birds / 20 sites = 7 different birds at each site.
The answer: 7
What was the question?
Question: Kendra tracks the different species of birds they spot on their birdwatching trip. On Monday they visited 5 sites and saw an average of 7 birds at each site. On Tuesday, Kendra visited 5 sites and saw an average of 5 birds at each site. On Wednesday visited 10 sites and saw an average of 8 birds at each site. On average, how many different birds did Kendra see on each site?


There are 974000 / 1000 = 974 groups of 1000 people in the state. These groups will have 974 * 673 = 655502 cell phones.
The answer: 655502
Reverse engineering the question: The population of Delaware is 974,000. A study showed that there are 673 cell phones per 1000 people in the state. How many cell phones are there in Delaware?


The carpenter initially has 8 x 5 = 40 blocks of wood. So he still lacks 80 - 40 = 40 blocks of wood. Therefore he still needs 40 / 5 = 8 logs of wood.
The answer: 8
Reverse engineering the question:
A carpenter is building a house. He needs 80 woodblocks to build it. If he has 8 logs that can make five woodblocks each, how many logs does the carpenter still need?