Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify [150] as the answer.
The question is: 40% of a farmer's cattle are males. The rest are females. If a female cow produces 2 gallons of milk a day, how much milk will the farmer get a day if he has 50 male cows?
Reasoning: The farmer has 125 cows because 50 / .4 = 125. The farmer has 75 female cows because 125 x .6 = 75. The farmer will get 150 gallons of milk a day because 75 x 2 = 150.

Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify [9] as the answer.
The question is: John and his best friend Steve bought 12 cupcakes together. Each cupcake cost $1.50. If they split the costs evenly, how much did each person pay?
Reasoning: The total cost of cupcakes was 1.5 * 12 = $18. So they each paid 18 / 2 = $9.

Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify [15] as the answer.
The question is: Herbert is 10 years younger than Kris. If Kris is 24 years old now, how old will Herbert be next year?
Reasoning: Herbert is 24 - 10 = 14 years old now. Thus, Herbert will be 14 + 1 = 15 years old next year.