Question: Mark gets a new phone plan that is 30% more expensive than his old plan. If his old plan was $150 a month how much does his new plan cost?
Answer: His new plan is 150 * .3 = $45 more expensive than his old plan. So his new plan is 150 + 45 = $195. The answer is 195.

Question: Louise is organizing her pencils, and decides she wants her boxes arranged by color. Each box holds 20 pencils each. She has 20 red pencils, twice as many blue pencils, 40 yellow pencils, and has as many green pencils as she has red and blue pencils combined. How many boxes does Louise need?
Answer: Louise has 20 red pencils * 2 = 40 blue pencils. She therefore has 20 red pencils + 40 blue pencils = 60 green pencils. In total, she has 20 red pencils + 40 blue pencils + 60 green pencils + 40 yellow pencils = 160 pencils. As each box holds 20 pencils, she needs 160 pencils / 20 pencils / box = 8 boxes. The answer is 8.

Question: In Johnstown, the population is 80 and every single person drives by themselves to work. Each car on a road pollutes 10 pounds of carbon a year. A single bus pollutes 100 pounds of carbon a year. A bus can hold 40 people. The town decides to start running a bus and 25% of the people who used to drive now take the bus. How many fewer pounds of carbon are now emitted per year?
Answer: The town used to emit 800 pounds of carbon a year because 80 x 10 = 800. 20 now take the bus because 80 x .25 = 20. 60 people still drive because 80 - 20 = 60. Those 60 people create 600 pounds of carbon because 60 x 10 = 600. The town now emits 700 pounds of carbon because 100 + 600 = 700. The town emits 100 fewer pounds of carbon now because 800 - 700 = 100. The answer is 100.

Question: Ignatius owns 4 bicycles. A friend of his owns different types of cycles, which have three times are many tires as Ignatius's bikes have. He has one unicycle, a tricycle, and the rest are bikes. How many bicycles does the friend own?
Answer:
Ignatius has 8 tires because 2 x 4 = 8. His friend has 24 tires because 3 x 8 = 24. There are 20 bicycle wheels because 24 - 1 - 3 = 20. He has 10 bicycles because 20 / 2 = 10. The answer is 10.