Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify [12] as the answer.
The question is: There were 28 students inside a bus before stopping at an intersection. After stopping at an intersection, there were 58 students on the bus. What's 40% of the number of students who entered the bus at the intermediate stop?
Reasoning: At the intermediate stop, 58 - 28 = 30 students entered the bus before it stopped at the intersection. 40% of the number of students who entered the bus at the intermediate stop is 40 / 100 * 30 = 12.

Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify [290] as the answer.
The question is: Karen's students are about to take a standardized test. Karen gets a $500 bonus if their average score is above 75, plus an extra $10 bonus for every additional point the average score increases above 75. So far, Karen has graded 8 tests, and the average is 70. Given that each student can have a maximum score of 150, what combined score do the last two tests need to have for Karen to earn a $600 bonus?
Reasoning: First subtract $500 from Karen's goal bonus amount to find how much she makes from the extra $10 / point bonus: $600 - $500 = $100. Then divide the extra bonus by the extra rate: $100 / $10 / point = 10 points. Then add the 10 extra points to the baseline 75 point goal to find the students' average test score: 10 points + 75 points = 85 points. Then added the 8 graded tests to the 2 ungraded tests to find the total number of tests: 2 tests + 8 tests = 10 tests. Then multiply the 85 point average by the number of tests to find the total number of points the students need to earn: 85 points / test * 10 tests = 850 points. Then multiply the current average by the current number of graded tests to find how many points have been earned so far: 70 points / test * 8 tests = 560 points. Then subtract the number of points earned from the number of points needed to find the combine score the last two tests need: 850 points - 560 points = 290 points.

Come up with a question and reasoning that would justify [100] as the answer.
The question is: Jake is retrieving the notes on a communal board, putting all of the red notes in the complaints bin and all of the blue notes in the compliments bin. The red notes were in 5 rows with 6 notes in each row. There are 2 blue notes under each of the red notes, as well as another 10 blue notes scattered at the bottom of the board. How many notes in total are put into the complaints and compliments bins?
Reasoning: There are a total of 5 rows of red notes * 6 notes per row = 30 red notes on the board. There are 2 blue notes per red notes * 30 red notes = 60 blue notes under the red notes. With the other blue notes at the bottom of the board, there are a total of 60 + 10 = 70 blue notes. So in total, there are 30 red notes + 70 blue notes = 100 notes in total.