Reasoning and answer: We start with the initial numbers of students, 40 and multiply that by .8 for 40 * 0.8 = 32 who own puppies. That the number of students with puppies, 32, and multiply that by .25 to find out how many own both puppies and parrots, 32 * 0.25 = 8 who own puppies and parrots. The answer is 8.
The answer: 8
What was the question?
Question: In Professor Plum's biology class there are 40 students. Of those students, 80 percent have puppies. Of those who have puppies, 25% also have parrots. How many students have both puppies and parrots?

Reasoning and answer: Let x be the number of shark sightings in Cape May. 26 = 5 + 3x. 21 = 3x. x = 7.
The answer: 7
What was the question?
Question: Daytona Beach has 26 shark sightings a year. Daytona Beach has 5 more than triple the number of shark sightings as Cape May. How many shark sightings are there in Cape May?

Reasoning and answer: Malcom has 20 cards + 8 cards = 28 cards. Malcom gives away 1 / 2 * 28 cards = 14 cards to Mark. Malcom has 28 - 14 cards = 14 cards remaining.
The answer: 14
What was the question?
Question:
Brandon has a collection of 20 baseball cards. Malcom has 8 more cards than Brandon. However, then Malcom gives half of his cards to his friend Mark. How many cards does Malcom have left?