Question: A woman needs to buy 16 oz of butter for a dessert recipe. She can either buy a single 16 oz package of the store-brand butter for $7, or she can buy an 8oz package of store butter for $4 and use a coupon to get an additional two 4 oz packages that normally sell for $2.0 each at a 50% discount (which is applied to each 4oz package separately). What is the lowest price she can pay for the 16 oz of butter she needs?
Answer: Step-by-step reasoning process: If she uses the coupon, she will pay 2 * 0.5 = $1 for each 4oz package. Thus, she will pay 4 + 2 * 1 = $6 in total for the 8oz package and the two 4oz packages she needs to reach 16 oz of butter when using the coupon. Therefore, the lowest amount she can pay is $6, as this is cheaper than the $7 price for a 16 oz package.
So the answer is 6.

Question: It’s exam season and Tristan has several exams to prepare for. On Monday, he studies for 4 hours then studies for twice this long on Tuesday. On Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday he studies for 3 hours each day. He wants to study for a total of 25 hours over the week and divides the remaining amount of study time evenly between Saturday and Sunday. How many hours does Tristan spend studying on Saturday?
Answer: Step-by-step reasoning process: On Tuesday, Tristan studies twice as long as he did on Monday and this amounts to 4 hours * 2 = 8 hours. So in the first 5 days of the week, he studies for a total of 4 hours Monday + 8 hours Tuesday + 3 hours Wednesday + 3 hours Thursday + 3 hours Friday = 21 hours. He therefore has 25 planned hours – 21 used hours = 4 hours left to study. As he splits his time evenly over 2 days, he spends 4 hours / 2 = 2 hours studying on Saturday.
So the answer is 2.

Question: The car-rental agency charges $30/day for a car, or $190 for the first week for a rental that lasts an entire week or longer. Jennie rented a car for 11 days. How much, in dollars, did she pay for the rental?
Answer: Step-by-step reasoning process: The first 7 days were $190. There were 11 - 7 = 4 days left. The additional 4 days were 4 * 30 = 120. And 190 + 120 = 310.
So the answer is 310.

Question: There are 40 Judges in the state of Rhode Island. 10 percent of Judges are under 30 years old. 60 percent of Judges are 30-50 years old. The rest of the Judges are over 50 years old. How many Judges are over 50 years old?
Answer:
Step-by-step reasoning process: Under 30: 40(.10) = 4. 30 - 50 years old:40(.60) = 24. Over 50:40 - 4 - 24 = 12 Judges.
So the answer is 12.