We have a question: Penelope has 5 M&M candies for every 3 Starbursts candies. If she has 25 M&M candies, how many Starbursts candies does she have?
And an answer: 15
So how you got the answer?
Let 5 M&M candies and 3 Starbursts candies be referred to as the unit amounts of each candy. 5 M&M candies make one unit so 25 makes 25 / 5 = 5 units of M&M candies. For every unit of 5 M&M candies, there is a corresponding unit of 3 Starbursts candies so for 5 units of M&M, she has 5 units of 3 Starbursts candies which is = 5 * 3 = 15 Starbursts candies.

We have a question: Chuck can ride the merry-go-round 5 times longer than Dave who can only ride it for 10 minutes before getting sick. Erica can stay on the merry-go-round 30% longer than Chuck before getting sick. How long can Erica stay on the merry-go-round?
And an answer: 65
So how you got the answer?
Dave can ride the merry - go - round for 10 minutes and Chuck can ride 5 times longer than Dave so he can ride for 10 * 5 = 50 minutes. Erica can stay on 30% longer than Chuck who can ride for 50 minutes so that's an extra .30 * 50 = 15 minutes. Chuck can ride for 50 minutes and Erica can ride an extra 15 minutes for a total of 50 + 15 = 65 minutes.

We have a question: There were sweets on the table. Jack came and took half of all the candies and 4 more candies. Then Paul came and took the remaining 7 sweets. How many sweets were on the table at first?
And an answer: 22
So how you got the answer?
Jack took 4 more candies than the half, and Paul took the rest, which means 7 + 4 = 11 candies were half of all candies. That means at first there were 11 * 2 = 22 candies.