This is a project to modify executables so that they do not have any

executable regions which are writable. If a section of an executable is
writable and executable, it is much easier for errant code to modify the
executable's behavior.

Two current areas in shared library environments which have this
critical problem are the GOT (Global Offset Table) and PLT (Procedure
Linkage Table). The PLT is required to be executable and both GOT and
PLT are writable on most architectures. On most ELF architecture
machines this would cause shared libraries to have data and BSS marked
as executable.

Padding to the linker script for programs and shared libraries/objects
to isolate the GOT and PLT into their own load sections in the
executables. This allows only the text(readonly) region and the PLT
region to be marked executable with the normal data and BSS not marked
as executable. The PLT region is still marked executable on most
architectures because the PLT lives in the "data" or "BSS" regions
and the dynamic loader will need to modify it. Since the GOT and PLT
should only ever be written by the dynamic linker, it will be modified
to mprotect those regions so that they are not writable during normal
execution. If the dynamic linker needs to modify the regions later,
(eg for lazy binding), it will mprotect the region, make the necessary
changes, and mprotect it back. Since it is possible to receive a
signal which would interrupt the program flow and perhaps cause the
dynamic linker to modify the same (or nearby) PLT references, it is now
necessary for signals to be blocked for the duration of the mprotect.

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/bfd/elf.c

@@ -3100,7 +3100,7 @@ get_program_header_size (abfd)
 
   /* Assume we will need exactly two PT_LOAD segments: one for text
      and one for data.  */
-  segs = 2;
+  segs = 6;
 
   s = bfd_get_section_by_name (abfd, ".interp");
   if (s != NULL && (s->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/emulparams/elf32_sparc.sh

@@ -8,4 +8,6 @@ ARCH=sparc
 MACHINE=
 TEMPLATE_NAME=elf32
 DATA_PLT=
+PAD_PLT=
+PAD_GOT=
 GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT=yes

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/emulparams/elf32ppc.sh

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ MAXPAGESIZE=0x10000
 ARCH=powerpc
 MACHINE=
 BSS_PLT=
+PAD_GOT=
+PAD_PLT=
 EXECUTABLE_SYMBOLS='PROVIDE (__stack = 0); PROVIDE (___stack = 0);'
 OTHER_BSS_END_SYMBOLS='__end = .;'
 OTHER_READWRITE_SECTIONS='

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/emulparams/elf64_sparc.sh

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ MAXPAGESIZE=0x100000
 ARCH="sparc:v9"
 MACHINE=
 DATA_PLT=
+PAD_GOT=
+PAD_PLT=
 GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT=yes
 NOP=0x01000000
 

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/emulparams/elf64alpha.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ ARCH=alpha
 MACHINE=
 GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT=yes
 DATA_PLT=
+PAD_GOT=
+PAD_PLT=
 NOP=0x47ff041f
 
 OTHER_READONLY_SECTIONS='.reginfo : { *(.reginfo) }'

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/emulparams/elf_i386.sh

@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ NONPAGED_TEXT_START_ADDR=0x08048000
 ARCH=i386
 MACHINE=
 NOP=0x9090
+PAD_GOT=
 TEMPLATE_NAME=elf32
 GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT=yes

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/genscripts.sh

@@ -131,6 +131,12 @@ if test -n "$GENERATE_SHLIB_SCRIPT"; then
     ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xs
 fi
 
+LD_FLAG=Z
+DATA_ALIGNMENT=${DATA_ALIGNMENT_}
+RELOCATING=" "
+(. ${srcdir}/scripttempl/${SCRIPT_NAME}.sc) | sed -e '/^ *$/d' > \
+  ldscripts/${EMULATION_NAME}.xz
+
 for i in $EMULATION_LIBPATH ; do
   test "$i" = "$EMULATION_NAME" && COMPILE_IN=true
 done

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/ld.h

@@ -196,6 +196,10 @@ typedef struct {
 
   boolean text_read_only;
 
+  /* Classic ELF executable which has data and bss next to each
+     other with no padding for GOT/PLT. */
+  boolean data_bss_contig;
+
   char *map_filename;
   FILE *map_file;
 

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/ldmain.c

@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   force_make_executable = false;
   config.magic_demand_paged = true;
   config.text_read_only = true;
+  config.data_bss_contig = false;
 
   emulation = get_emulation (argc, argv);
   ldemul_choose_mode (emulation);

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/lexsup.c

@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ parse_args (argc, argv)
 	  config.dynamic_link = false;
 	  break;
 	case 'Z':
-	  /* compatibility flag, unused */
+	  config.data_bss_contig = true;
 	  break;
 	case OPTION_NO_DEMANGLE:
 	  demangling = false;

gnu/usr.bin/binutils/ld/scripttempl/elf.sc

@@ -70,6 +70,11 @@ DYNAMIC=".dynamic     ${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.dynamic) }"
 RODATA=".rodata ${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.rodata) ${RELOCATING+*(.rodata.*)} ${RELOCATING+*(.gnu.linkonce.r.*)} }"
 SBSS2=".sbss2 ${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.sbss2) ${RELOCATING+*(.sbss2.*)} ${RELOCATING+*(.gnu.linkonce.sb2.*)} }"
 SDATA2=".sdata2 ${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.sdata2) ${RELOCATING+*(.sdata2.*)} ${RELOCATING+*(.gnu.linkonce.s2.*)} }"
+test "$LD_FLAG" = "N" || test "$LD_FLAG" = "Z" || PAD_PLT0="${RELOCATING+. = ALIGN(${MAXPAGESIZE}) + (. & (${MAXPAGESIZE} - 1));} .pltpad0 ${RELOCATING-0} : { ${RELOCATING+__plt_start = .;} }"
+test "$LD_FLAG" = "N" || test "$LD_FLAG" = "Z" || PAD_PLT1=".pltpad1 ${RELOCATING-0} : { ${RELOCATING+__plt_end = .;}} ${RELOCATING+. = ALIGN(${MAXPAGESIZE}) + (. & (${MAXPAGESIZE} - 1));}"
+test "$LD_FLAG" = "N" || test "$LD_FLAG" = "Z" || PAD_GOT0="${RELOCATING+. = ALIGN(${MAXPAGESIZE}) + (. & (${MAXPAGESIZE} - 1));} .gotpad0 ${RELOCATING-0} : { ${RELOCATING+__got_start = .;} }"
+test "$LD_FLAG" = "N" || test "$LD_FLAG" = "Z" || PAD_GOT1=".gotpad1 ${RELOCATING-0} : { ${RELOCATING+__got_end = .;}} ${RELOCATING+. = ALIGN(${MAXPAGESIZE}) + (. & (${MAXPAGESIZE} - 1));}"
+
 CTOR=".ctors ${CONSTRUCTING-0} : 
   {
     ${CONSTRUCTING+${CTOR_START}}
@@ -310,9 +315,16 @@ SECTIONS
   ${RELOCATING+${OTHER_READWRITE_SECTIONS}}
   ${RELOCATING+${CTOR}}
   ${RELOCATING+${DTOR}}
+
+  /* pad GOT (and PLT if DATA_PLT) to page aligned if PAD_GOT */
+  ${DATA_PLT+${PAD_PLT+${PAD_PLT0}}}
   ${DATA_PLT+${PLT}}
+  ${DATA_PLT+${PAD_PLT+${PAD_PLT1}}}
+  ${PAD_GOT+${PAD_GOT0}}
   ${RELOCATING+${OTHER_GOT_SYMBOLS}}
   .got		${RELOCATING-0} : { *(.got.plt) *(.got) }
+  ${PAD_GOT+${PAD_GOT1}}
+
   ${CREATE_SHLIB+${SDATA2}}
   ${CREATE_SHLIB+${SBSS2}}
   ${TEXT_DYNAMIC-${DYNAMIC}}
@@ -343,7 +355,9 @@ SECTIONS
     ${RELOCATING+PROVIDE (__sbss_end = .);}
     ${RELOCATING+PROVIDE (___sbss_end = .);}
   }
+  ${BSS_PLT+${PAD_PLT+${PAD_PLT0}}}
   ${BSS_PLT+${PLT}}
+  ${BSS_PLT+${PAD_PLT+${PAD_PLT1}}}
   .bss     ${RELOCATING-0} :
   {
    *(.dynbss)