diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 324455b2..32186470 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ compile-requirements: ## Re-compile *.in requirements to *.txt
 	sed '/^[dD]jango==/d' requirements/test.txt > requirements/test.tmp
 	mv requirements/test.tmp requirements/test.txt
 
+format:
+	black ${SRC_FILES}
+
 upgrade: ## update the requirements/*.txt files with the latest packages satisfying requirements/*.in
 	$(MAKE) compile-requirements COMPILE_OPTS="--upgrade"
 
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ test-all: clean test test-quality test-pii selfcheck ## run all tests
 test: ## run unit tests
 	pytest
 
-test-quality: test-lint test-codestyle test-isort test-mypy ## run static coverage tests
+test-quality: test-lint test-codestyle test-mypy test-format ## run static coverage tests
 
 test-lint: ## run pylint
 	pylint ${SRC_FILES}
@@ -84,6 +87,9 @@ test-isort: ## run isort checks
 test-mypy: ## run type tests
 	mypy ${SRC_FILES_PROD}
 
+test-format: ## Run code formatting tests
+	black --check ${SRC_FILES}
+
 test-pii: export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=test_settings
 test-pii: ## # check for PII annotations on all Django models
 	 code_annotations django_find_annotations --config_file .pii_annotations.yml --lint --report --coverage
diff --git a/forum/__init__.py b/forum/__init__.py
index 3d9a1877..dd159e42 100644
--- a/forum/__init__.py
+++ b/forum/__init__.py
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 Openedx forum app.
 """
 
-__version__ = '0.1.0'
+__version__ = "0.1.0"
diff --git a/forum/models/contents.py b/forum/models/contents.py
index 07056ea0..fdc00938 100644
--- a/forum/models/contents.py
+++ b/forum/models/contents.py
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ def __init__(
         """
         super().__init__(collection_name, client)
 
-    def get(self, _id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+    def get(
+        self, _id: str
+    ) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
         """
         Retrieves a contents document from the database based on the provided _id.
         Args:
@@ -85,7 +87,9 @@ def insert(  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
         result = self._collection.insert_one(content_data)
         return str(result.inserted_id)
 
-    def update(self, _id: str, **kwargs: Any) -> int:  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
+    def update(
+        self, _id: str, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> int:  # pylint: disable=arguments-differ
         """
         Updates a contents document in the database based on the provided _id.
 
diff --git a/forum/models/model_utils.py b/forum/models/model_utils.py
index 7d4d13ad..b3ace174 100644
--- a/forum/models/model_utils.py
+++ b/forum/models/model_utils.py
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ def flag_as_abuse(
     return Contents().get(entity["_id"])
 
 
-def un_flag_as_abuse(user: Dict[str, Any], entity: Dict[str, Any]) -> Union[Dict[str, Any], None]:
+def un_flag_as_abuse(
+    user: Dict[str, Any], entity: Dict[str, Any]
+) -> Union[Dict[str, Any], None]:
     """
     Unflag an entity as abuse.
 
diff --git a/forum/serializers/comment.py b/forum/serializers/comment.py
index 6b9afb65..2e1558fb 100644
--- a/forum/serializers/comment.py
+++ b/forum/serializers/comment.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """
 Serializer for the comment data.
 """
+
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
 from rest_framework import serializers
diff --git a/forum/serializers/thread.py b/forum/serializers/thread.py
index c838b41d..b40e42a7 100644
--- a/forum/serializers/thread.py
+++ b/forum/serializers/thread.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """
 Serializer for the thread data.
 """
+
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
 from rest_framework import serializers
diff --git a/forum/views/flags.py b/forum/views/flags.py
index f5e5f11a..f8799ae8 100644
--- a/forum/views/flags.py
+++ b/forum/views/flags.py
@@ -7,7 +7,11 @@
 from rest_framework.views import APIView
 
 from forum.models import Contents, Users
-from forum.models.model_utils import flag_as_abuse, un_flag_all_as_abuse, un_flag_as_abuse
+from forum.models.model_utils import (
+    flag_as_abuse,
+    un_flag_all_as_abuse,
+    un_flag_as_abuse,
+)
 from forum.serializers.contents import ContentSerializer
 
 
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ def put(self, request: Request, comment_id: str, action: str) -> Response:
         if not (user and content):
             return Response(
                 {"error": "User / Comment doesn't exist"},
-                status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+                status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
             )
         if action == "flag":
             comment = flag_as_abuse(user, content)
@@ -49,8 +53,7 @@ def put(self, request: Request, comment_id: str, action: str) -> Response:
                 comment = un_flag_as_abuse(user, content)
         else:
             return Response(
-                {"error": "Invalid action"},
-                status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+                {"error": "Invalid action"}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
             )
         serializer = ContentSerializer(comment)
         return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ def put(self, request: Request, thread_id: str, action: str) -> Response:
         if not (user and content):
             return Response(
                 {"error": "User / Comment doesn't exist"},
-                status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+                status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
             )
         if action == "flag":
             thread = flag_as_abuse(user, content)
diff --git a/manage.py b/manage.py
index 4afa5aa0..aba008e4 100644
--- a/manage.py
+++ b/manage.py
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 
 PWD = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
 
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'test_settings')
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "test_settings")
     sys.path.append(PWD)
     try:
         from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
diff --git a/requirements/base.txt b/requirements/base.txt
index 3eff6827..3232beae 100644
--- a/requirements/base.txt
+++ b/requirements/base.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -29,7 +29,5 @@ requests==2.32.3
     # via -r requirements/base.in
 sqlparse==0.5.1
     # via django
-typing-extensions==4.12.2
-    # via asgiref
 urllib3==2.2.2
     # via requests
diff --git a/requirements/ci.in b/requirements/ci.in
index 631638b2..ac57c6a8 100644
--- a/requirements/ci.in
+++ b/requirements/ci.in
@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@
 -c constraints.txt
 
 -r quality.txt            # Core and quality check dependencies
+
+black                     # code formatter
diff --git a/requirements/ci.txt b/requirements/ci.txt
index 45e2fd93..e67ab7da 100644
--- a/requirements/ci.txt
+++ b/requirements/ci.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ astroid==3.2.4
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
     #   pylint
     #   pylint-celery
+black==24.8.0
+    # via -r requirements/ci.in
 cachetools==5.4.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ charset-normalizer==3.3.2
 click==8.1.7
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   click-log
     #   code-annotations
     #   edx-lint
@@ -85,10 +88,6 @@ dnspython==2.6.1
     #   pymongo
 edx-lint==5.3.7
     # via -r requirements/quality.txt
-exceptiongroup==1.2.2
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-    #   pytest
 filelock==3.15.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
@@ -125,16 +124,20 @@ mypy==1.11.1
 mypy-extensions==1.0.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   mypy
 openedx-atlas==0.6.1
     # via -r requirements/quality.txt
 packaging==24.1
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   mongomock
     #   pyproject-api
     #   pytest
     #   tox
+pathspec==0.12.1
+    # via black
 pbr==6.0.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
@@ -142,6 +145,7 @@ pbr==6.0.0
 platformdirs==4.2.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   pylint
     #   tox
     #   virtualenv
@@ -225,21 +229,11 @@ text-unidecode==1.3
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
     #   python-slugify
-tomli==2.0.1
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-    #   coverage
-    #   django-stubs
-    #   mypy
-    #   pylint
-    #   pyproject-api
-    #   pytest
-    #   tox
-tomlkit==0.13.0
+tomlkit==0.13.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
     #   pylint
-tox==4.17.1
+tox==4.18.0
     # via -r requirements/quality.txt
 types-pyyaml==6.0.12.20240808
     # via
@@ -253,8 +247,6 @@ types-requests==2.32.0.20240712
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-    #   asgiref
-    #   astroid
     #   django-stubs
     #   django-stubs-ext
     #   djangorestframework-stubs
diff --git a/requirements/dev.txt b/requirements/dev.txt
index f183b652..d4e967dc 100644
--- a/requirements/dev.txt
+++ b/requirements/dev.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ astroid==3.2.4
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
     #   pylint
     #   pylint-celery
+black==24.8.0
+    # via -r requirements/ci.txt
 build==1.2.1
     # via
     #   -r requirements/pip-tools.txt
@@ -46,6 +48,7 @@ click==8.1.7
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/pip-tools.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   click-log
     #   code-annotations
     #   edx-lint
@@ -120,11 +123,6 @@ edx-lint==5.3.7
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-exceptiongroup==1.2.2
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/ci.txt
-    #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-    #   pytest
 filelock==3.15.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
@@ -176,6 +174,7 @@ mypy-extensions==1.0.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   mypy
 openedx-atlas==0.6.1
     # via
@@ -186,6 +185,7 @@ packaging==24.1
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/pip-tools.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   build
     #   mongomock
     #   pyproject-api
@@ -193,6 +193,10 @@ packaging==24.1
     #   tox
 path==16.16.0
     # via edx-i18n-tools
+pathspec==0.12.1
+    # via
+    #   -r requirements/ci.txt
+    #   black
 pbr==6.0.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
@@ -204,6 +208,7 @@ platformdirs==4.2.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
+    #   black
     #   pylint
     #   tox
     #   virtualenv
@@ -324,26 +329,12 @@ text-unidecode==1.3
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
     #   python-slugify
-tomli==2.0.1
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/ci.txt
-    #   -r requirements/pip-tools.txt
-    #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-    #   build
-    #   coverage
-    #   django-stubs
-    #   mypy
-    #   pip-tools
-    #   pylint
-    #   pyproject-api
-    #   pytest
-    #   tox
-tomlkit==0.13.0
+tomlkit==0.13.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
     #   pylint
-tox==4.17.1
+tox==4.18.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
@@ -362,8 +353,6 @@ typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/ci.txt
     #   -r requirements/quality.txt
-    #   asgiref
-    #   astroid
     #   django-stubs
     #   django-stubs-ext
     #   djangorestframework-stubs
diff --git a/requirements/doc.txt b/requirements/doc.txt
index fd2084dc..f9116a7b 100644
--- a/requirements/doc.txt
+++ b/requirements/doc.txt
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
 #
-accessible-pygments==0.0.4
+accessible-pygments==0.0.5
     # via pydata-sphinx-theme
-alabaster==0.7.13
+alabaster==1.0.0
     # via sphinx
 asgiref==3.8.1
     # via
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ certifi==2024.7.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
     #   requests
-cffi==1.17.0
-    # via cryptography
 chardet==5.2.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
@@ -54,8 +52,6 @@ coverage[toml]==7.6.1
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
     #   pytest-cov
-cryptography==43.0.0
-    # via secretstorage
 distlib==0.3.8
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
@@ -73,17 +69,13 @@ dnspython==2.6.1
     #   pymongo
 doc8==1.1.1
     # via -r requirements/doc.in
-docutils==0.19
+docutils==0.20.1
     # via
     #   doc8
     #   pydata-sphinx-theme
     #   readme-renderer
     #   restructuredtext-lint
     #   sphinx
-exceptiongroup==1.2.2
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/test.txt
-    #   pytest
 filelock==3.15.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
@@ -109,10 +101,6 @@ jaraco-context==5.3.0
     # via keyring
 jaraco-functools==4.0.2
     # via keyring
-jeepney==0.8.0
-    # via
-    #   keyring
-    #   secretstorage
 jinja2==3.1.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
@@ -164,9 +152,7 @@ pluggy==1.5.0
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
     #   pytest
     #   tox
-pycparser==2.22
-    # via cffi
-pydata-sphinx-theme==0.14.4
+pydata-sphinx-theme==0.15.4
     # via sphinx-book-theme
 pygments==2.18.0
     # via
@@ -217,34 +203,32 @@ rfc3986==2.0.0
     # via twine
 rich==13.7.1
     # via twine
-secretstorage==3.3.3
-    # via keyring
 sentinels==1.0.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
     #   mongomock
 snowballstemmer==2.2.0
     # via sphinx
-soupsieve==2.5
+soupsieve==2.6
     # via beautifulsoup4
-sphinx==6.2.1
+sphinx==8.0.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/doc.in
     #   pydata-sphinx-theme
     #   sphinx-book-theme
-sphinx-book-theme==1.0.1
+sphinx-book-theme==1.1.3
     # via -r requirements/doc.in
-sphinxcontrib-applehelp==1.0.4
+sphinxcontrib-applehelp==2.0.0
     # via sphinx
-sphinxcontrib-devhelp==1.0.2
+sphinxcontrib-devhelp==2.0.0
     # via sphinx
-sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp==2.0.1
+sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp==2.1.0
     # via sphinx
 sphinxcontrib-jsmath==1.0.1
     # via sphinx
-sphinxcontrib-qthelp==1.0.3
+sphinxcontrib-qthelp==2.0.0
     # via sphinx
-sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml==1.1.5
+sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml==2.0.0
     # via sphinx
 sqlparse==0.5.1
     # via
@@ -259,24 +243,12 @@ text-unidecode==1.3
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
     #   python-slugify
-tomli==2.0.1
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/test.txt
-    #   build
-    #   coverage
-    #   doc8
-    #   pyproject-api
-    #   pytest
-    #   tox
-tox==4.17.1
+tox==4.18.0
     # via -r requirements/test.txt
 twine==5.1.1
     # via -r requirements/doc.in
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/test.txt
-    #   asgiref
-    #   pydata-sphinx-theme
+    # via pydata-sphinx-theme
 urllib3==2.2.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
diff --git a/requirements/pip-tools.txt b/requirements/pip-tools.txt
index 1e415c91..fedf88df 100644
--- a/requirements/pip-tools.txt
+++ b/requirements/pip-tools.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.1.0
     # via
     #   build
     #   pip-tools
-tomli==2.0.1
-    # via
-    #   build
-    #   pip-tools
 wheel==0.44.0
     # via pip-tools
 
diff --git a/requirements/pip.txt b/requirements/pip.txt
index 387a56cf..5f8b9c04 100644
--- a/requirements/pip.txt
+++ b/requirements/pip.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ wheel==0.44.0
 # The following packages are considered to be unsafe in a requirements file:
 pip==24.2
     # via -r requirements/pip.in
-setuptools==72.1.0
+setuptools==72.2.0
     # via -r requirements/pip.in
diff --git a/requirements/quality.txt b/requirements/quality.txt
index fb73a98c..c4fce160 100644
--- a/requirements/quality.txt
+++ b/requirements/quality.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -76,10 +76,6 @@ dnspython==2.6.1
     #   pymongo
 edx-lint==5.3.7
     # via -r requirements/quality.in
-exceptiongroup==1.2.2
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/test.txt
-    #   pytest
 filelock==3.15.4
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
@@ -202,19 +198,9 @@ text-unidecode==1.3
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test.txt
     #   python-slugify
-tomli==2.0.1
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/test.txt
-    #   coverage
-    #   django-stubs
-    #   mypy
-    #   pylint
-    #   pyproject-api
-    #   pytest
-    #   tox
-tomlkit==0.13.0
+tomlkit==0.13.2
     # via pylint
-tox==4.17.1
+tox==4.18.0
     # via -r requirements/test.txt
 types-pyyaml==6.0.12.20240808
     # via
@@ -226,9 +212,6 @@ types-requests==2.32.0.20240712
     #   djangorestframework-stubs
 typing-extensions==4.12.2
     # via
-    #   -r requirements/test.txt
-    #   asgiref
-    #   astroid
     #   django-stubs
     #   django-stubs-ext
     #   djangorestframework-stubs
diff --git a/requirements/test.txt b/requirements/test.txt
index 7cb32d1f..b25702ef 100644
--- a/requirements/test.txt
+++ b/requirements/test.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #
-# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
 # by the following command:
 #
 #    make upgrade
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ coverage[toml]==7.6.1
     # via pytest-cov
 distlib==0.3.8
     # via virtualenv
-django==4.2.15
     # via
     #   -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/edx/edx-lint/master/edx_lint/files/common_constraints.txt
     #   -r requirements/base.txt
@@ -41,8 +40,6 @@ dnspython==2.6.1
     # via
     #   -r requirements/base.txt
     #   pymongo
-exceptiongroup==1.2.2
-    # via pytest
 filelock==3.15.4
     # via
     #   tox
@@ -105,18 +102,8 @@ stevedore==5.2.0
     # via code-annotations
 text-unidecode==1.3
     # via python-slugify
-tomli==2.0.1
-    # via
-    #   coverage
-    #   pyproject-api
-    #   pytest
-    #   tox
-tox==4.17.1
+tox==4.18.0
     # via -r requirements/test.in
-typing-extensions==4.12.2
-    # via
-    #   -r requirements/base.txt
-    #   asgiref
 urllib3==2.2.2
     # via
     #   -r requirements/base.txt
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 87b181da..39c5f4af 100755
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -19,11 +19,10 @@ def get_version(*file_paths):
     """
     filename = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), *file_paths)
     version_file = open(filename, encoding="utf8").read()
-    version_match = re.search(r"^__version__ = ['\"]([^'\"]*)['\"]",
-                              version_file, re.M)
+    version_match = re.search(r"^__version__ = ['\"]([^'\"]*)['\"]", version_file, re.M)
     if version_match:
         return version_match.group(1)
-    raise RuntimeError('Unable to find version string.')
+    raise RuntimeError("Unable to find version string.")
 
 
 def load_requirements(*requirements_paths):
@@ -46,14 +45,14 @@ def check_name_consistent(package):
         with extras we don't constrain it without mentioning the extras (since
         that too would interfere with matching constraints.)
         """
-        canonical = package.lower().replace('_', '-').split('[')[0]
+        canonical = package.lower().replace("_", "-").split("[")[0]
         seen_spelling = by_canonical_name.get(canonical)
         if seen_spelling is None:
             by_canonical_name[canonical] = package
         elif seen_spelling != package:
             raise Exception(
                 f'Encountered both "{seen_spelling}" and "{package}" in requirements '
-                'and constraints files; please use just one or the other.'
+                "and constraints files; please use just one or the other."
             )
 
     requirements = {}
@@ -67,7 +66,9 @@ def check_name_consistent(package):
         % (re_package_name_base_chars, re_package_name_base_chars)
     )
 
-    def add_version_constraint_or_raise(current_line, current_requirements, add_if_not_present):
+    def add_version_constraint_or_raise(
+        current_line, current_requirements, add_if_not_present
+    ):
         regex_match = requirement_line_regex.match(current_line)
         if regex_match:
             package = regex_match.group(1)
@@ -76,11 +77,16 @@ def add_version_constraint_or_raise(current_line, current_requirements, add_if_n
             existing_version_constraints = current_requirements.get(package, None)
             # It's fine to add constraints to an unconstrained package,
             # but raise an error if there are already constraints in place.
-            if existing_version_constraints and existing_version_constraints != version_constraints:
-                raise BaseException(f'Multiple constraint definitions found for {package}:'
-                                    f' "{existing_version_constraints}" and "{version_constraints}".'
-                                    f'Combine constraints into one location with {package}'
-                                    f'{existing_version_constraints},{version_constraints}.')
+            if (
+                existing_version_constraints
+                and existing_version_constraints != version_constraints
+            ):
+                raise BaseException(
+                    f"Multiple constraint definitions found for {package}:"
+                    f' "{existing_version_constraints}" and "{version_constraints}".'
+                    f"Combine constraints into one location with {package}"
+                    f"{existing_version_constraints},{version_constraints}."
+                )
             if add_if_not_present or package in current_requirements:
                 current_requirements[package] = version_constraints
 
@@ -91,8 +97,12 @@ def add_version_constraint_or_raise(current_line, current_requirements, add_if_n
             for line in reqs:
                 if is_requirement(line):
                     add_version_constraint_or_raise(line, requirements, True)
-                if line and line.startswith('-c') and not line.startswith('-c http'):
-                    constraint_files.add(os.path.dirname(path) + '/' + line.split('#')[0].replace('-c', '').strip())
+                if line and line.startswith("-c") and not line.startswith("-c http"):
+                    constraint_files.add(
+                        os.path.dirname(path)
+                        + "/"
+                        + line.split("#")[0].replace("-c", "").strip()
+                    )
 
     # process constraint files: add constraints to existing requirements
     for constraint_file in constraint_files:
@@ -102,7 +112,9 @@ def add_version_constraint_or_raise(current_line, current_requirements, add_if_n
                     add_version_constraint_or_raise(line, requirements, False)
 
     # process back into list of pkg><=constraints strings
-    constrained_requirements = [f'{pkg}{version or ""}' for (pkg, version) in sorted(requirements.items())]
+    constrained_requirements = [
+        f'{pkg}{version or ""}' for (pkg, version) in sorted(requirements.items())
+    ]
     return constrained_requirements
 
 
@@ -114,52 +126,57 @@ def is_requirement(line):
         bool: True if the line is not blank, a comment,
         a URL, or an included file
     """
-    return line and line.strip() and not line.startswith(("-r", "#", "-e", "git+", "-c"))
+    return (
+        line and line.strip() and not line.startswith(("-r", "#", "-e", "git+", "-c"))
+    )
 
 
-VERSION = get_version('forum', '__init__.py')
+VERSION = get_version("forum", "__init__.py")
 
-if sys.argv[-1] == 'tag':
+if sys.argv[-1] == "tag":
     print("Tagging the version on github:")
     os.system("git tag -a %s -m 'version %s'" % (VERSION, VERSION))
     os.system("git push --tags")
     sys.exit()
 
-README = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'README.rst'), encoding="utf8").read()
-CHANGELOG = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'CHANGELOG.rst'), encoding="utf8").read()
+README = open(
+    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "README.rst"), encoding="utf8"
+).read()
+CHANGELOG = open(
+    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "CHANGELOG.rst"), encoding="utf8"
+).read()
 
 setup(
-    name='forum',
+    name="forum",
     version=VERSION,
     description="""openedx forum app""",
-    long_description=README + '\n\n' + CHANGELOG,
-    author='Open edX Project',
-    author_email='oscm@openedx.org',
-    url='https://github.com/openedx/forum',
+    long_description=README + "\n\n" + CHANGELOG,
+    author="Open edX Project",
+    author_email="oscm@openedx.org",
+    url="https://github.com/openedx/forum",
     packages=find_packages(
-        include=['forum', 'forum.*'],
+        include=["forum", "forum.*"],
         exclude=["*tests"],
     ),
-
     include_package_data=True,
-    install_requires=load_requirements('requirements/base.in'),
+    install_requires=load_requirements("requirements/base.in"),
     python_requires=">=3.8",
     license="AGPL 3.0",
     zip_safe=False,
-    keywords='Python edx',
+    keywords="Python edx",
     classifiers=[
-        'Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
-        'Framework :: Django',
-        'Framework :: Django :: 3.2',
-        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
-        'License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Affero General Public License v3 or later (AGPLv3+)',
-        'Natural Language :: English',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
+        "Development Status :: 3 - Alpha",
+        "Framework :: Django",
+        "Framework :: Django :: 3.2",
+        "Intended Audience :: Developers",
+        "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Affero General Public License v3 or later (AGPLv3+)",
+        "Natural Language :: English",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
     ],
     entry_points={
-        'lms.djangoapp': [
-            'forum = forum.apps:ForumConfig',
+        "lms.djangoapp": [
+            "forum = forum.apps:ForumConfig",
         ],
     },
 )
diff --git a/test_settings.py b/test_settings.py
index d3be842d..32aa5da2 100644
--- a/test_settings.py
+++ b/test_settings.py
@@ -16,49 +16,51 @@ def root(*args):
 
 
 DATABASES = {
-    'default': {
-        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
-        'NAME': 'default.db',
-        'USER': '',
-        'PASSWORD': '',
-        'HOST': '',
-        'PORT': '',
+    "default": {
+        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
+        "NAME": "default.db",
+        "USER": "",
+        "PASSWORD": "",
+        "HOST": "",
+        "PORT": "",
     }
 }
 
 INSTALLED_APPS = (
-    'django.contrib.admin',
-    'django.contrib.auth',
-    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
-    'django.contrib.messages',
-    'django.contrib.sessions',
-    'forum',
+    "django.contrib.admin",
+    "django.contrib.auth",
+    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
+    "django.contrib.messages",
+    "django.contrib.sessions",
+    "forum",
 )
 
 LOCALE_PATHS = [
-    root('forum', 'conf', 'locale'),
+    root("forum", "conf", "locale"),
 ]
 
-ROOT_URLCONF = 'forum.urls'
+ROOT_URLCONF = "forum.urls"
 
-SECRET_KEY = 'insecure-secret-key'
+SECRET_KEY = "insecure-secret-key"
 
 MIDDLEWARE = (
-    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
-    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
-    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
+    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
 )
 
-TEMPLATES = [{
-    'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
-    'APP_DIRS': False,
-    'OPTIONS': {
-        'context_processors': [
-            'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',  # this is required for admin
-            'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',  # this is required for admin
-        ],
-    },
-}]
+TEMPLATES = [
+    {
+        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
+        "APP_DIRS": False,
+        "OPTIONS": {
+            "context_processors": [
+                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",  # this is required for admin
+                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",  # this is required for admin
+            ],
+        },
+    }
+]
 
 FORUM_PORT = "4567"
 MONGO_HOST = "mongo-test-url"
diff --git a/tests/test_models/test_threads.py b/tests/test_models/test_threads.py
index 69780e26..56f562fe 100644
--- a/tests/test_models/test_threads.py
+++ b/tests/test_models/test_threads.py
@@ -42,13 +42,28 @@ def test_delete(comment_thread_model: CommentThread) -> None:
 def test_list(comment_thread_model: CommentThread) -> None:
     """Test list all comment threads from MongoDB."""
     comment_thread_model.insert(
-        "Thread 1", "Body 1", "_type", "CommentThread", "1", "user1",
+        "Thread 1",
+        "Body 1",
+        "_type",
+        "CommentThread",
+        "1",
+        "user1",
     )
     comment_thread_model.insert(
-        "Thread 2", "Body 2", "_type", "CommentThread", "1", "user1",
+        "Thread 2",
+        "Body 2",
+        "_type",
+        "CommentThread",
+        "1",
+        "user1",
     )
     comment_thread_model.insert(
-        "Thread 3", "Body 3", "_type", "CommentThread", "1", "user1",
+        "Thread 3",
+        "Body 3",
+        "_type",
+        "CommentThread",
+        "1",
+        "user1",
     )
     threads_list = comment_thread_model.list()
     assert len(list(threads_list)) == 3
diff --git a/tests/test_models/test_users.py b/tests/test_models/test_users.py
index 7142ca21..ffa475af 100644
--- a/tests/test_models/test_users.py
+++ b/tests/test_models/test_users.py
@@ -84,11 +84,7 @@ def test_update(users_model: Users) -> None:
 
     new_username = "new_username"
     new_email = "new_email"
-    result = users_model.update(
-        external_id,
-        username=new_username,
-        email=new_email
-    )
+    result = users_model.update(external_id, username=new_username, email=new_email)
     assert result is not None
     assert result == 1
 
diff --git a/tests/test_views/test_flags.py b/tests/test_views/test_flags.py
index 2e2eee31..7a8023b3 100644
--- a/tests/test_views/test_flags.py
+++ b/tests/test_views/test_flags.py
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 from forum.models import Contents, Users
 
 
-def test_comment_thread_api(api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model: Contents) -> None:
+def test_comment_thread_api(
+    api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model: Contents
+) -> None:
     """
     Test the comment thread flag API.
 
@@ -45,7 +47,9 @@ def test_comment_thread_api(api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_mode
             assert comment["abuse_flaggers"] == []
 
 
-def test_comment_flag_api(api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model: Contents) -> None:
+def test_comment_flag_api(
+    api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model: Contents
+) -> None:
     """
     Test the comment flag API.
 
@@ -92,7 +96,9 @@ def test_comment_flag_api(api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model:
             assert comment["abuse_flaggers"] == []
 
 
-def test_comment_flag_api_invalid_data(api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model: Contents) -> None:
+def test_comment_flag_api_invalid_data(
+    api_client: Client, users_model: Users, content_model: Contents
+) -> None:
     """
     Test the comment flag API with invalid data.