diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-windows.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-windows.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..409ec6a6689
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-windows.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+name: ci-windows
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  workflow_dispatch: {}
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ci-windows-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: temurin
+          java-version: 21
+
+      - uses: gradle/actions/setup-gradle@v4
+
+      - name: Test file URI handling on Windows
+        shell: bash
+        run: >
+          ./gradlew :rewrite-maven:test
+          --tests 'org.openrewrite.maven.internal.MavenPomDownloaderTest$WithNativeHttpURLConnectionAndTLS.deriveMetaDataFromFileRepository'
+          --tests 'org.openrewrite.maven.internal.MavenPomDownloaderTest$WithNativeHttpURLConnectionAndTLS.downloadMetadataFromFileRepoWithNonAsciiPath'
+          --tests 'org.openrewrite.maven.utilities.MavenArtifactDownloaderTest.downloadArtifactFromFileRepository'