diff --git a/doc/source/whatsnew/v0.24.0.txt b/doc/source/whatsnew/v0.24.0.txt
index 8cb384f50d371..06498b28cb77b 100644
--- a/doc/source/whatsnew/v0.24.0.txt
+++ b/doc/source/whatsnew/v0.24.0.txt
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ Deprecations
 - :meth:`DataFrame.to_stata`, :meth:`read_stata`, :class:`StataReader` and :class:`StataWriter` have deprecated the ``encoding`` argument.  The encoding of a Stata dta file is determined by the file type and cannot be changed (:issue:`21244`).
 - :meth:`MultiIndex.to_hierarchical` is deprecated and will be removed in a future version  (:issue:`21613`)
 - :meth:`Series.ptp` is deprecated. Use ``numpy.ptp`` instead (:issue:`21614`)
--
+- :meth:`Series.compress` is deprecated. Use ``Series[condition]`` instead (:issue:`18262`)
 
 .. _whatsnew_0240.prior_deprecations:
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/series.py b/pandas/core/series.py
index 03fc9701de1fc..d4c11b19082ab 100644
--- a/pandas/core/series.py
+++ b/pandas/core/series.py
@@ -510,10 +510,15 @@ def compress(self, condition, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         Return selected slices of an array along given axis as a Series
 
+        .. deprecated:: 0.24.0
+
         See also
         --------
         numpy.ndarray.compress
         """
+        msg = ("Series.compress(condition) is deprecated. "
+               "Use Series[condition] instead.")
+        warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning, stacklevel=2)
         nv.validate_compress(args, kwargs)
         return self[condition]
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/series/test_analytics.py b/pandas/tests/series/test_analytics.py
index 8c0f4b11149fe..69969bd090b9b 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/series/test_analytics.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/series/test_analytics.py
@@ -585,7 +585,9 @@ def test_compress(self):
                    index=list('abcde'), name='foo')
         expected = Series(s.values.compress(cond),
                           index=list('ac'), name='foo')
-        tm.assert_series_equal(s.compress(cond), expected)
+        with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning):
+            result = s.compress(cond)
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
 
     def test_numpy_compress(self):
         cond = [True, False, True, False, False]