From 1f525160d91366e3eef98f88f22b59a8e0177683 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 13:35:41 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] REF: Use np.result_type instead of np.find_common_type

---
 pandas/core/algorithms.py              | 2 +-
 pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py             | 2 +-
 pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py           | 6 +-----
 pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py           | 2 +-
 pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py | 2 +-
 pandas/tests/dtypes/test_inference.py  | 4 +---
 6 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pandas/core/algorithms.py b/pandas/core/algorithms.py
index 37c1fa76fbbcf..933913acb012b 100644
--- a/pandas/core/algorithms.py
+++ b/pandas/core/algorithms.py
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ def f(c, v):
             f = np.in1d
 
     else:
-        common = np.find_common_type([values.dtype, comps_array.dtype], [])
+        common = np.result_type(values.dtype, comps_array.dtype)
         values = values.astype(common, copy=False)
         comps_array = comps_array.astype(common, copy=False)
         f = htable.ismember
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
index e7a6692807685..3fc223a9248fa 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
@@ -1395,7 +1395,7 @@ def find_common_type(types):
             if t.kind in "iufc":
                 return np.dtype("object")
 
-    return np.find_common_type(types, [])
+    return np.result_type(*types)
 
 
 def construct_2d_arraylike_from_scalar(
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
index 4a25c3541a398..0c83af97ce2b6 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
@@ -156,11 +156,7 @@ def _get_result_dtype(
                 target_dtype = np.dtype(object)
                 kinds = {"o"}
     else:
-        # Argument 1 to "list" has incompatible type "Set[Union[ExtensionDtype,
-        # Any]]"; expected "Iterable[Union[dtype[Any], None, Type[Any],
-        # _SupportsDType[dtype[Any]], str, Tuple[Any, Union[SupportsIndex,
-        # Sequence[SupportsIndex]]], List[Any], _DTypeDict, Tuple[Any, Any]]]"
-        target_dtype = np.find_common_type(list(dtypes), [])  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        target_dtype = np.result_type(*dtypes)
 
     return any_ea, kinds, target_dtype
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
index a3481cbe9eae1..a68712e6e7a13 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
@@ -1944,7 +1944,7 @@ def _get_common_dtype(self, dtypes: list[DtypeObj]) -> DtypeObj | None:
             )
 
         np_dtypes = [x.subtype if isinstance(x, SparseDtype) else x for x in dtypes]
-        return SparseDtype(np.find_common_type(np_dtypes, []), fill_value=fill_value)
+        return SparseDtype(np.result_type(*np_dtypes), fill_value=fill_value)
 
 
 @register_extension_dtype
diff --git a/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py b/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py
index 75eaaa80a9961..ac80b903d1f03 100644
--- a/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py
+++ b/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py
@@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ def concat_arrays(to_concat: list) -> ArrayLike:
         target_dtype = to_concat_no_proxy[0].dtype
     elif all(x.kind in "iub" and isinstance(x, np.dtype) for x in dtypes):
         # GH#42092
-        target_dtype = np.find_common_type(list(dtypes), [])
+        target_dtype = np.result_type(*dtypes)
     else:
         target_dtype = find_common_type([arr.dtype for arr in to_concat_no_proxy])
 
diff --git a/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_inference.py b/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_inference.py
index 4f884afcb1a90..bbce40727c669 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_inference.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/dtypes/test_inference.py
@@ -997,9 +997,7 @@ def test_maybe_convert_objects_itemsize(self, data0, data1):
         data = [data0, data1]
         arr = np.array(data, dtype="object")
 
-        common_kind = np.find_common_type(
-            [type(data0), type(data1)], scalar_types=[]
-        ).kind
+        common_kind = np.result_type(type(data0), type(data1)).kind
         kind0 = "python" if not hasattr(data0, "dtype") else data0.dtype.kind
         kind1 = "python" if not hasattr(data1, "dtype") else data1.dtype.kind
         if kind0 != "python" and kind1 != "python":

From 7081bc132e377a40cf6245c3df925c55be97bfac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 14:51:06 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] Fall back to object

---
 pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
index 3fc223a9248fa..fae727ce597be 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
@@ -1395,7 +1395,10 @@ def find_common_type(types):
             if t.kind in "iufc":
                 return np.dtype("object")
 
-    return np.result_type(*types)
+    try:
+        return np.result_type(*types)
+    except TypeError:
+        return np.dtype(object)
 
 
 def construct_2d_arraylike_from_scalar(

From cfb05227ce65fcb3e4e8146e8c182a9d564df6b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 15:04:18 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] Create a np_find_common_dtype

---
 pandas/core/algorithms.py              |  7 ++++--
 pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py             | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++----
 pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py           |  3 ++-
 pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py           |  3 ++-
 pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py |  3 ++-
 5 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pandas/core/algorithms.py b/pandas/core/algorithms.py
index 933913acb012b..768265a5ce621 100644
--- a/pandas/core/algorithms.py
+++ b/pandas/core/algorithms.py
@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@
 from pandas.util._decorators import doc
 from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level
 
-from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import construct_1d_object_array_from_listlike
+from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import (
+    construct_1d_object_array_from_listlike,
+    np_find_common_type,
+)
 from pandas.core.dtypes.common import (
     ensure_float64,
     ensure_object,
@@ -518,7 +521,7 @@ def f(c, v):
             f = np.in1d
 
     else:
-        common = np.result_type(values.dtype, comps_array.dtype)
+        common = np_find_common_type(values.dtype, comps_array.dtype)
         values = values.astype(common, copy=False)
         comps_array = comps_array.astype(common, copy=False)
         f = htable.ismember
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
index fae727ce597be..c863e5bb4dbd4 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py
@@ -1328,6 +1328,32 @@ def common_dtype_categorical_compat(
     return dtype
 
 
+def np_find_common_type(*dtypes: np.dtype) -> np.dtype:
+    """
+    np.find_common_type implementation pre-1.25 deprecation using np.result_type
+    https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/49569#issuecomment-1308300065
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    dtypes : np.dtypes
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    np.dtype
+    """
+    try:
+        common_dtype = np.result_type(*dtypes)
+        if common_dtype.kind in "mMSU":
+            # NumPy promotion currently (1.25) misbehaves for for times and strings,
+            # so fall back to object (find_common_dtype did unless there
+            # was only one dtype)
+            common_dtype = np.dtype("O")
+
+    except TypeError:
+        common_dtype = np.dtype("O")
+    return common_dtype
+
+
 @overload
 def find_common_type(types: list[np.dtype]) -> np.dtype:
     ...
@@ -1395,10 +1421,7 @@ def find_common_type(types):
             if t.kind in "iufc":
                 return np.dtype("object")
 
-    try:
-        return np.result_type(*types)
-    except TypeError:
-        return np.dtype(object)
+    return np_find_common_type(*types)
 
 
 def construct_2d_arraylike_from_scalar(
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
index 0c83af97ce2b6..7c80449411584 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import (
     common_dtype_categorical_compat,
     find_common_type,
+    np_find_common_type,
 )
 from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import CategoricalDtype
 from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import (
@@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ def _get_result_dtype(
                 target_dtype = np.dtype(object)
                 kinds = {"o"}
     else:
-        target_dtype = np.result_type(*dtypes)
+        target_dtype = np_find_common_type(*dtypes)
 
     return any_ea, kinds, target_dtype
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
index a68712e6e7a13..e07af4550d8d6 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
     StorageExtensionDtype,
     register_extension_dtype,
 )
+from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import np_find_common_type
 from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import (
     ABCCategoricalIndex,
     ABCIndex,
@@ -1944,7 +1945,7 @@ def _get_common_dtype(self, dtypes: list[DtypeObj]) -> DtypeObj | None:
             )
 
         np_dtypes = [x.subtype if isinstance(x, SparseDtype) else x for x in dtypes]
-        return SparseDtype(np.result_type(*np_dtypes), fill_value=fill_value)
+        return SparseDtype(np_find_common_type(*np_dtypes), fill_value=fill_value)
 
 
 @register_extension_dtype
diff --git a/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py b/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py
index ac80b903d1f03..098a78fc54b71 100644
--- a/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py
+++ b/pandas/core/internals/array_manager.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
     ensure_dtype_can_hold_na,
     find_common_type,
     infer_dtype_from_scalar,
+    np_find_common_type,
 )
 from pandas.core.dtypes.common import (
     ensure_platform_int,
@@ -1409,7 +1410,7 @@ def concat_arrays(to_concat: list) -> ArrayLike:
         target_dtype = to_concat_no_proxy[0].dtype
     elif all(x.kind in "iub" and isinstance(x, np.dtype) for x in dtypes):
         # GH#42092
-        target_dtype = np.result_type(*dtypes)
+        target_dtype = np_find_common_type(*dtypes)
     else:
         target_dtype = find_common_type([arr.dtype for arr in to_concat_no_proxy])
 

From a6d9ad3082dd9c93b18c34df339ac80c13d5f624 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 15:18:49 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] Address circular import

---
 pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
index e07af4550d8d6..63e1f71d67c53 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
     StorageExtensionDtype,
     register_extension_dtype,
 )
-from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import np_find_common_type
 from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import (
     ABCCategoricalIndex,
     ABCIndex,
@@ -1922,6 +1921,8 @@ def _subtype_with_str(self):
     def _get_common_dtype(self, dtypes: list[DtypeObj]) -> DtypeObj | None:
         # TODO for now only handle SparseDtypes and numpy dtypes => extend
         # with other compatible extension dtypes
+        from pandas.core.dtypes.cast import np_find_common_type
+
         if any(
             isinstance(x, ExtensionDtype) and not isinstance(x, SparseDtype)
             for x in dtypes

From cfe1486342d265c6b4f53ce02ff3d5779027a24e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 15:19:19 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] Use generator

---
 pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
index 63e1f71d67c53..e6c1c70a2aff5 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/dtypes.py
@@ -1945,7 +1945,7 @@ def _get_common_dtype(self, dtypes: list[DtypeObj]) -> DtypeObj | None:
                 stacklevel=find_stack_level(),
             )
 
-        np_dtypes = [x.subtype if isinstance(x, SparseDtype) else x for x in dtypes]
+        np_dtypes = (x.subtype if isinstance(x, SparseDtype) else x for x in dtypes)
         return SparseDtype(np_find_common_type(*np_dtypes), fill_value=fill_value)
 
 

From a0f176f682c17b16823911f0b13dd62352669880 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 16:21:01 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] Typing

---
 pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py b/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
index 7c80449411584..cba7c44a219bf 100644
--- a/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
+++ b/pandas/core/dtypes/concat.py
@@ -157,7 +157,9 @@ def _get_result_dtype(
                 target_dtype = np.dtype(object)
                 kinds = {"o"}
     else:
-        target_dtype = np_find_common_type(*dtypes)
+        # error: Argument 1 to "np_find_common_type" has incompatible type
+        # "*Set[Union[ExtensionDtype, Any]]"; expected "dtype[Any]"
+        target_dtype = np_find_common_type(*dtypes)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
     return any_ea, kinds, target_dtype