refactor: move remaining code in penumbra-crypto to penumbra-chain

[redshiftzero]

Closes #2765

[redshiftzero]

I split out #2800 into another PR since this PR is failing the wasm build and I need to debug further to understand why.

[conorsch]

We aim to land this PR prior to shipping Testnet 56 (#2761).

[redshiftzero]

For posterity, the issue with the wasm build was:

On main,

• penumbra-component depends on penumbra-storage
• penumbra-storage depends on tokio

In this PR previously:

• penumbra-component is added to the dependencies for penumbra-transaction, among other crates that need to be wasm-friendly -> the problem
• so the approach of moving effect_hash.rs to penumbra-component just doesn't work

Two ways to address this would be to:

1. either move effect_hash.rs to penumbra-chain (already a dependency of penumbra-wasm ) OR
2. make a minimal crate e.g. penumbra-effect-hash that can be used by penumbra-transaction and the various penumbra component crates

I've done approach 1 here to resolve since the amount of code in question is fairly small.