diff --git a/coreapi/recover.go b/coreapi/recover.go
index 7c771d4..1132b0f 100644
--- a/coreapi/recover.go
+++ b/coreapi/recover.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"runtime/debug"
+	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 )
 
@@ -26,6 +27,41 @@ func ResetPluginRecoveredPanicCountForTest() {
 	pluginRecoveredPanicCount.Store(0)
 }
 
+// maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy is the per-plugin panic threshold.
+// After this many panics, IsPluginHealthy returns false and a
+// "plugin.<name>.unhealthy" event is published (once).
+const maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy = 3
+
+// pluginPanicCounts maps plugin name → per-plugin panic counter.
+// Used by IsPluginHealthy and RecoverPlugin to detect plugins that
+// have exceeded the max-panics threshold and should be restarted
+// or unloaded by the daemon supervisor.
+var pluginPanicCounts sync.Map // map[string]*atomic.Uint64
+
+// PluginPanicCount returns how many panics RecoverPlugin has caught
+// for the named plugin since process start (or last reset).
+func PluginPanicCount(name string) uint64 {
+	if v, ok := pluginPanicCounts.Load(name); ok {
+		return v.(*atomic.Uint64).Load()
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// IsPluginHealthy returns false when a plugin has exceeded
+// maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy panics caught by RecoverPlugin.
+func IsPluginHealthy(name string) bool {
+	return PluginPanicCount(name) < maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy
+}
+
+// ResetPluginHealthForTest clears all per-plugin panic counters.
+func ResetPluginHealthForTest() {
+	pluginPanicCounts.Range(func(key, _ any) bool {
+		pluginPanicCounts.Delete(key)
+		return true
+	})
+	ResetPluginRecoveredPanicCountForTest()
+}
+
 // RecoverPlugin is the L11 panic-recovery shim used at the top of
 // every plugin entrypoint goroutine: Service.Start helper goroutines,
 // acceptLoop, and per-connection handlers. Usage:
@@ -36,16 +72,15 @@ func ResetPluginRecoveredPanicCountForTest() {
 //  1. Recovers (caller goroutine continues / loop iteration is dropped)
 //  2. Logs at ERROR with structured plugin/op fields, panic value, and
 //     full goroutine stack trace
-//  3. Increments PluginRecoveredPanicCount
+//  3. Increments PluginRecoveredPanicCount and per-plugin panic count
 //  4. Publishes a "plugin.<plugin>.panic" event on the bus (if
 //     events != nil) so observability subscribers see the recovery
-//  5. Calls onPanic(r) if non-nil — typical use is per-conn close,
+//  5. When the per-plugin panic count reaches maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy
+//     (3), publishes one "plugin.<plugin>.unhealthy" event — the daemon
+//     supervisor should react by restarting or unloading the plugin
+//  6. Calls onPanic(r) if non-nil — typical use is per-conn close,
 //     or signaling a future per-plugin supervisor for restart
 //
-// TODO(03-INVARIANTS.md §8): per-plugin supervisor not yet implemented.
-// Today the boundary just survives + logs. A future tier will signal a
-// restart of the panicked plugin via the onPanic callback.
-//
 // This must be the OUTERMOST defer in the goroutine: defers run LIFO,
 // so other defers (conn.Close, mu.Unlock, removeSub) run first.
 func RecoverPlugin(plugin, op string, events EventBus, onPanic func(any)) {
@@ -53,27 +88,51 @@ func RecoverPlugin(plugin, op string, events EventBus, onPanic func(any)) {
 	if r == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	count := pluginRecoveredPanicCount.Add(1)
+
+	// Global counter.
+	globalCount := pluginRecoveredPanicCount.Add(1)
+
+	// Per-plugin counter (lazily allocate).
+	perPluginVal, _ := pluginPanicCounts.LoadOrStore(plugin, new(atomic.Uint64))
+	perPlugin := perPluginVal.(*atomic.Uint64)
+	perPluginCount := perPlugin.Add(1)
+
 	slog.Error("plugin panic recovered",
 		"layer", "L11",
 		"plugin", plugin,
 		"op", op,
 		"panic", r,
-		"recovered_total", count,
+		"recovered_total", globalCount,
+		"plugin_panics", perPluginCount,
 		"stack", string(debug.Stack()),
 	)
+
 	if events != nil {
 		// Defensive: a publisher that itself panics must not propagate.
 		func() {
 			defer func() { _ = recover() }()
 			events.Publish("plugin."+plugin+".panic", map[string]any{
-				"plugin":          plugin,
-				"op":              op,
-				"panic":           fmt.Sprintf("%v", r),
-				"recovered_total": count,
+				"plugin":           plugin,
+				"op":               op,
+				"panic":            fmt.Sprintf("%v", r),
+				"recovered_total":  globalCount,
+				"plugin_panics":    perPluginCount,
 			})
 		}()
+
+		// One-shot unhealthy event when the threshold is crossed.
+		if perPluginCount == maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy {
+			func() {
+				defer func() { _ = recover() }()
+				events.Publish("plugin."+plugin+".unhealthy", map[string]any{
+					"plugin":          plugin,
+					"plugin_panics":   perPluginCount,
+					"recovered_total": globalCount,
+				})
+			}()
+		}
 	}
+
 	if onPanic != nil {
 		func() {
 			defer func() { _ = recover() }()
diff --git a/coreapi/zz_recover_test.go b/coreapi/zz_recover_test.go
index b8a40ad..c6c3a45 100644
--- a/coreapi/zz_recover_test.go
+++ b/coreapi/zz_recover_test.go
@@ -128,3 +128,64 @@ func TestL11PluginPanicCallbackPanicSwallowed(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("L11 boundary did not record the primary panic")
 	}
 }
+
+// TestL11PerPluginUnhealthy verifies per-plugin panic tracking
+// and the unhealthy-signal fires once when the threshold is crossed.
+func TestL11PerPluginUnhealthy(t *testing.T) {
+	ResetPluginHealthForTest()
+	bus := &fakeBus{}
+	const name = "unstable-plugin"
+
+	if !IsPluginHealthy(name) || PluginPanicCount(name) != 0 {
+		t.Fatal("fresh plugin unhealthy or non-zero count")
+	}
+
+	// Induce panics up to threshold-1; plugin stays healthy.
+	boom := func() {
+		wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func() { defer wg.Done(); defer RecoverPlugin(name, "loop", bus, nil); panic("x") }()
+		wg.Wait()
+	}
+	for i := 1; i < maxPanicsBeforeUnhealthy; i++ {
+		boom()
+		if got := PluginPanicCount(name); got != uint64(i) || !IsPluginHealthy(name) {
+			t.Fatalf("panic %d: count=%d healthy=%v", i, got, IsPluginHealthy(name))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Threshold-crossing panic makes plugin unhealthy + fires event.
+	boom()
+	if IsPluginHealthy(name) {
+		t.Fatal("plugin should be unhealthy after threshold")
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, tp := range bus.topics {
+		if tp == "plugin."+name+".unhealthy" {
+			found = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatalf("unhealthy event missing, topics: %v", bus.topics)
+	}
+
+	// One-shot: extra panic does not re-fire unhealthy.
+	before := 0
+	for _, tp := range bus.topics {
+		if tp == "plugin."+name+".unhealthy" {
+			before++
+		}
+	}
+	boom()
+	after := 0
+	for _, tp := range bus.topics {
+		if tp == "plugin."+name+".unhealthy" {
+			after++
+		}
+	}
+	if after != before {
+		t.Fatalf("unhealthy event re-fired (%d→%d)", before, after)
+	}
+	ResetPluginHealthForTest()
+}