diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java
index 2255681e275b9..5a6c01aaad2fa 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/action/search/TransportSearchAction.java
@@ -453,7 +453,12 @@ void executeRequest(
                 }
             }
         });
-        Rewriteable.rewriteAndFetch(original, searchService.getRewriteContext(timeProvider::absoluteStartMillis), rewriteListener);
+
+        Rewriteable.rewriteAndFetch(
+            original,
+            searchService.getRewriteContext(timeProvider::absoluteStartMillis, original.source().timeout()),
+            rewriteListener
+        );
     }
 
     static void adjustSearchType(SearchRequest searchRequest, boolean singleShard) {
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/query/QueryRewriteContext.java b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/query/QueryRewriteContext.java
index fd8d3794cf2d8..8bbccddcb3569 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/query/QueryRewriteContext.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/query/QueryRewriteContext.java
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.NamedWriteableRegistry;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.regex.Regex;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.CountDown;
+import org.elasticsearch.core.TimeValue;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.Index;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.IndexSettings;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.analysis.IndexAnalyzers;
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
 import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier;
@@ -60,6 +62,43 @@ public class QueryRewriteContext {
     protected boolean allowUnmappedFields;
     protected boolean mapUnmappedFieldAsString;
     protected Predicate<String> allowedFields;
+    private final TimeValue timeout;
+
+    public QueryRewriteContext(
+        final XContentParserConfiguration parserConfiguration,
+        final Client client,
+        final LongSupplier nowInMillis,
+        final MapperService mapperService,
+        final MappingLookup mappingLookup,
+        final Map<String, MappedFieldType> runtimeMappings,
+        final Predicate<String> allowedFields,
+        final IndexSettings indexSettings,
+        final Index fullyQualifiedIndex,
+        final Predicate<String> indexNameMatcher,
+        final NamedWriteableRegistry namedWriteableRegistry,
+        final ValuesSourceRegistry valuesSourceRegistry,
+        final BooleanSupplier allowExpensiveQueries,
+        final ScriptCompiler scriptService,
+        final TimeValue timeout
+    ) {
+
+        this.parserConfiguration = parserConfiguration;
+        this.client = client;
+        this.nowInMillis = nowInMillis;
+        this.mapperService = mapperService;
+        this.mappingLookup = Objects.requireNonNull(mappingLookup);
+        this.allowUnmappedFields = indexSettings == null || indexSettings.isDefaultAllowUnmappedFields();
+        this.runtimeMappings = runtimeMappings;
+        this.allowedFields = allowedFields;
+        this.indexSettings = indexSettings;
+        this.fullyQualifiedIndex = fullyQualifiedIndex;
+        this.indexNameMatcher = indexNameMatcher;
+        this.writeableRegistry = namedWriteableRegistry;
+        this.valuesSourceRegistry = valuesSourceRegistry;
+        this.allowExpensiveQueries = allowExpensiveQueries;
+        this.scriptService = scriptService;
+        this.timeout = timeout;
+    }
 
     public QueryRewriteContext(
         final XContentParserConfiguration parserConfiguration,
@@ -93,6 +132,7 @@ public QueryRewriteContext(
         this.valuesSourceRegistry = valuesSourceRegistry;
         this.allowExpensiveQueries = allowExpensiveQueries;
         this.scriptService = scriptService;
+        this.timeout = null;
     }
 
     public QueryRewriteContext(final XContentParserConfiguration parserConfiguration, final Client client, final LongSupplier nowInMillis) {
@@ -110,10 +150,31 @@ public QueryRewriteContext(final XContentParserConfiguration parserConfiguration
             null,
             null,
             null,
+            null,
             null
         );
     }
 
+    public QueryRewriteContext(final XContentParserConfiguration parserConfiguration, final Client client, final LongSupplier nowInMillis, final TimeValue timeout) {
+        this(
+            parserConfiguration,
+            client,
+            nowInMillis,
+            null,
+            MappingLookup.EMPTY,
+            Collections.emptyMap(),
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            timeout
+        );
+    }
+
     /**
      * The registry used to build new {@link XContentParser}s. Contains registered named parsers needed to parse the query.
      *
@@ -360,4 +421,8 @@ public Iterable<Map.Entry<String, MappedFieldType>> getAllFields() {
         // runtime mappings and non-runtime fields don't overlap, so we can simply concatenate the iterables here
         return () -> Iterators.concat(allEntrySet.iterator(), runtimeEntrySet.iterator());
     }
+
+    public Optional<TimeValue> timeout() {
+        return Optional.ofNullable(timeout);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/indices/IndicesService.java b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/indices/IndicesService.java
index 026a20415aa91..37526eed698c8 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/indices/IndicesService.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/indices/IndicesService.java
@@ -1723,8 +1723,8 @@ public AliasFilter buildAliasFilter(ClusterState state, String index, Set<String
     /**
      * Returns a new {@link QueryRewriteContext} with the given {@code now} provider
      */
-    public QueryRewriteContext getRewriteContext(LongSupplier nowInMillis) {
-        return new QueryRewriteContext(parserConfig, client, nowInMillis);
+    public QueryRewriteContext getRewriteContext(LongSupplier nowInMillis, @Nullable TimeValue timeout) {
+        return new QueryRewriteContext(parserConfig, client, nowInMillis, timeout);
     }
 
     public DataRewriteContext getDataRewriteContext(LongSupplier nowInMillis) {
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/search/SearchService.java b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/search/SearchService.java
index d11a5b9908514..553a132ab9ffd 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/search/SearchService.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/search/SearchService.java
@@ -1783,7 +1783,10 @@ private void rewriteAndFetchShardRequest(IndexShard shard, ShardSearchRequest re
      * Returns a new {@link QueryRewriteContext} with the given {@code now} provider
      */
     public QueryRewriteContext getRewriteContext(LongSupplier nowInMillis) {
-        return indicesService.getRewriteContext(nowInMillis);
+        return indicesService.getRewriteContext(nowInMillis, null);
+    }
+    public QueryRewriteContext getRewriteContext(LongSupplier nowInMillis, TimeValue timeout) {
+        return indicesService.getRewriteContext(nowInMillis, timeout);
     }
 
     public CoordinatorRewriteContextProvider getCoordinatorRewriteContextProvider(LongSupplier nowInMillis) {
diff --git a/x-pack/plugin/ml/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/queries/TextExpansionQueryBuilder.java b/x-pack/plugin/ml/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/queries/TextExpansionQueryBuilder.java
index f6fa7ca9005c5..ed1f55a3042e9 100644
--- a/x-pack/plugin/ml/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/queries/TextExpansionQueryBuilder.java
+++ b/x-pack/plugin/ml/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/queries/TextExpansionQueryBuilder.java
@@ -16,11 +16,13 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.StreamInput;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.StreamOutput;
 import org.elasticsearch.core.Nullable;
+import org.elasticsearch.core.TimeValue;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.query.AbstractQueryBuilder;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryRewriteContext;
 import org.elasticsearch.index.query.SearchExecutionContext;
+import org.elasticsearch.xcontent.ObjectParser;
 import org.elasticsearch.xcontent.ParseField;
 import org.elasticsearch.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
 import org.elasticsearch.xcontent.XContentParser;
@@ -30,15 +32,18 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.inference.results.TextExpansionResults;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.inference.results.WarningInferenceResults;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.inference.trainedmodel.TextExpansionConfigUpdate;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.termsenum.action.TermsEnumRequest;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ClientHelper.ML_ORIGIN;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ClientHelper.executeAsyncWithOrigin;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.ml.action.InferModelAction.Request.TIMEOUT;
 
 public class TextExpansionQueryBuilder extends AbstractQueryBuilder<TextExpansionQueryBuilder> {
 
@@ -177,7 +182,7 @@ protected QueryBuilder doRewrite(QueryRewriteContext queryRewriteContext) {
             List.of(modelText),
             TextExpansionConfigUpdate.EMPTY_UPDATE,
             false,
-            InferModelAction.Request.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_FOR_API
+            queryRewriteContext.timeout().orElse(InferModelAction.Request.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_FOR_API)
         );
         inferRequest.setHighPriority(true);
         inferRequest.setPrefixType(TrainedModelPrefixStrings.PrefixType.SEARCH);