Add a solver option to change on_extrapolation behavior

[MarcBerliner]

Description

Let's you enable "error", "warn", or "ignore" on extrapolation events.

Type of change

Please add a line in the relevant section of CHANGELOG.md to document the change (include PR #)

Important checks:

Please confirm the following before marking the PR as ready for review:

• No style issues: nox -s pre-commit
• All tests pass: nox -s tests
• The documentation builds: nox -s doctests
• Code is commented for hard-to-understand areas
• Tests added that prove fix is effective or that feature works

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 98.57%. Comparing base (cb17226) to head (88e0168).
Report is 101 commits behind head on develop.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #4993   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    98.57%   98.57%           
========================================
  Files          304      304           
  Lines        23642    23652   +10     
========================================
+ Hits         23306    23316   +10     
  Misses         336      336           

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