MAINT/BLD: NumPy 2.0 Support

[richardotis]

Adds build-time and runtime support for NumPy 2.0. This version is C-API compatible with NumPy 1.x, so we set a build-time requirement for >=2.0 while retaining support for 1.x. This compatibility guarantee allows us to deprecate the usage of oldest-supported-numpy per the recommendation of those authors.

NumPy 2.0 does not support Python 3.8, but these changes do not directly impact our ability to support py38 on NumPy 1.x. (It is probably overdue for pycalphad to drop py38 support, but that can be done separately from here.)

Two minor and backwards-compatible fixes for runtime are needed and also added here: np.float_ is renamed to np.float64 and np.complex_ is renamed to np.complex128. (Complex number arrays are used for certain tests.)

See also:

• https://numpy.org/devdocs/dev/depending_on_numpy.html#adding-a-dependency-on-numpy
• https://github.com/scipy/oldest-supported-numpy?tab=readme-ov-file#deprecation-notice-for-numpy-20

Checklist

• If any dependencies have changed, the changes are reflected in the
  • setup.py (runtime requirements)
  • pyproject.toml (build requirements)
  • requirements-dev.txt (build and development requirements)

[github-actions]

🚀 Deployed on https://667208fb3bf94c65964ac826--wonderful-knuth-1eb3c9.netlify.app

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 85.71429% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.45%. Comparing base (1c79c0c) to head (82f5485).

Files	Patch %	Lines
pycalphad/model.py	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
pycalphad/core/utils.py	66.66%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #530      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    90.47%   90.45%   -0.03%     
===========================================
  Files           50       50              
  Lines         7878     7878              
===========================================
- Hits          7128     7126       -2     
- Misses         750      752       +2     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.