BaseModel.construct does not set aliased fields consistently with standard instantiation

[kylebamos]

Checks

• I added a descriptive title to this issue
• I have searched (google, github) for similar issues and couldn't find anything
• I have read and followed the docs and still think this is a bug

Bug

Output of python -c "import pydantic.utils; print(pydantic.utils.version_info())":

             pydantic version: 1.8.2
            pydantic compiled: False
                 install path: /Users/kyleamos/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/api-KwVDv1SR-py3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pydantic
               python version: 3.9.1 (default, Jan 18 2022, 12:54:24)  [Clang 13.0.0 (clang-1300.0.29.30)]
                     platform: macOS-12.1-arm64-arm-64bit
     optional deps. installed: ['email-validator', 'typing-extensions']

from pydantic import BaseConfig, BaseModel, Field


class Foo(BaseModel):
    class Config(BaseConfig):
        allow_population_by_field_name = True

    bar_: int = Field(..., alias="bar")


expected_value = 2
assert Foo(bar=expected_value).bar_ == expected_value
assert Foo.construct(bar=expected_value).bar_ == expected_value  # AttributeError: 'Foo' object has no attribute 'bar_' 
...