diff --git a/rope/base/arguments.py b/rope/base/arguments.py
index 73fee0316..58583e763 100644
--- a/rope/base/arguments.py
+++ b/rope/base/arguments.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from rope.base import ast
 
 
-class Arguments(object):
+class Arguments:
     """A class for evaluating parameters passed to a function
 
     You can use the `create_arguments` factory.  It handles implicit
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def create_arguments(primary, pyfunction, call_node, scope):
     return Arguments(args, scope)
 
 
-class ObjectArguments(object):
+class ObjectArguments:
     def __init__(self, pynames):
         self.pynames = pynames
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def get_instance_pyname(self):
         return self.pynames[0]
 
 
-class MixedArguments(object):
+class MixedArguments:
     def __init__(self, pyname, arguments, scope):
         """`argumens` is an instance of `Arguments`"""
         self.pyname = pyname
diff --git a/rope/base/ast.py b/rope/base/ast.py
index b893dc953..67c35db47 100644
--- a/rope/base/ast.py
+++ b/rope/base/ast.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
 import ast
 from ast import *
 
diff --git a/rope/base/astutils.py b/rope/base/astutils.py
index 68ae42343..3eef2ebb6 100644
--- a/rope/base/astutils.py
+++ b/rope/base/astutils.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def get_name_levels(node):
     return visitor.names
 
 
-class _NodeNameCollector(object):
+class _NodeNameCollector:
     def __init__(self, levels=None):
         self.names = []
         self.levels = levels
diff --git a/rope/base/builtins.py b/rope/base/builtins.py
index ae5f5b861..409f4fbcc 100644
--- a/rope/base/builtins.py
+++ b/rope/base/builtins.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 class BuiltinModule(pyobjects.AbstractModule):
     def __init__(self, name, pycore=None, initial={}):
-        super(BuiltinModule, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.name = name
         self.pycore = pycore
         self.initial = initial
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def module(self):
             return
 
 
-class _BuiltinElement(object):
+class _BuiltinElement:
     def __init__(self, builtin, parent=None):
         self.builtin = builtin
         self._parent = parent
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def get_param_names(self, special_args=True):
 
 class BuiltinUnknown(_BuiltinElement, pyobjects.PyObject):
     def __init__(self, builtin):
-        super(BuiltinUnknown, self).__init__(pyobjects.get_unknown())
+        super().__init__(pyobjects.get_unknown())
         self.builtin = builtin
         self.type = pyobjects.get_unknown()
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ def _get_builtin(*args):
     return _get_builtin
 
 
-class _CallContext(object):
+class _CallContext:
     def __init__(self, argnames, args):
         self.argnames = argnames
         self.args = args
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ def save_per_name(self, value):
             pymodule.pycore.object_info.save_per_name(scope, name, value)
 
 
-class _AttributeCollector(object):
+class _AttributeCollector:
     def __init__(self, type):
         self.attributes = {}
         self.type = type
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ def __init__(self, holding=None):
         except AttributeError:
             pass
 
-        super(List, self).__init__(list, collector.attributes)
+        super().__init__(list, collector.attributes)
 
     def _new_list(self, args):
         return _create_builtin(args, get_list)
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ def __init__(self, keys=None, values=None):
         collector("__getitem__", function=self._value_get, parent=self)
         collector("__iter__", function=self._key_iter, parent=self)
         collector("update", function=self._self_set, parent=self)
-        super(Dict, self).__init__(dict, collector.attributes)
+        super().__init__(dict, collector.attributes)
 
     def _new_dict(self, args):
         def do_create(holding=None):
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ def __init__(self, *objects):
             "__new__": BuiltinName(BuiltinFunction(function=self._new_tuple)),
             "__iter__": BuiltinName(BuiltinFunction(get_iterator(first))),
         }
-        super(Tuple, self).__init__(tuple, attributes)
+        super().__init__(tuple, attributes)
 
     def get_holding_objects(self):
         return self.objects
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ def __init__(self, holding=None):
 
         collector("pop", function=self._set_get, parent=self)
         collector("__iter__", function=self._iterator_get, parent=self)
-        super(Set, self).__init__(set, collector.attributes)
+        super().__init__(set, collector.attributes)
 
     def _new_set(self, args):
         return _create_builtin(args, get_set)
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ def __init__(self):
         for method in ["rsplit", "split", "splitlines"]:
             collector(method, get_list(self_object), parent=self)
 
-        super(Str, self).__init__(str, collector.attributes)
+        super().__init__(str, collector.attributes)
 
     def get_doc(self):
         return str.__doc__
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ def get_definition_location(self):
 
 class Iterator(pyobjects.AbstractClass):
     def __init__(self, holding=None):
-        super(Iterator, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.holding = holding
         self.attributes = {
             "next": BuiltinName(BuiltinFunction(self.holding)),
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ def get_returned_object(self, args):
 
 class Generator(pyobjects.AbstractClass):
     def __init__(self, holding=None):
-        super(Generator, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.holding = holding
         self.attributes = {
             "next": BuiltinName(BuiltinFunction(self.holding)),
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ def add(name, returned=None, function=None):
             "writelines",
         ]:
             add(method)
-        super(File, self).__init__(open, attributes)
+        super().__init__(open, attributes)
 
 
 get_file = _create_builtin_getter(File)
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ def __init__(self, fget=None, fset=None, fdel=None, fdoc=None):
             "fdel": BuiltinName(pynames.UnboundName()),
             "__new__": BuiltinName(BuiltinFunction(function=_property_function)),
         }
-        super(Property, self).__init__(property, attributes)
+        super().__init__(property, attributes)
 
     def get_property_object(self, args):
         if isinstance(self._fget, pyobjects.AbstractFunction):
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ def _property_function(args):
 
 class Lambda(pyobjects.AbstractFunction):
     def __init__(self, node, scope):
-        super(Lambda, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.node = node
         self.arguments = node.args
         self.scope = scope
@@ -738,12 +738,12 @@ def parent(self):
 
 class BuiltinObject(BuiltinClass):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(BuiltinObject, self).__init__(object, {})
+        super().__init__(object, {})
 
 
 class BuiltinType(BuiltinClass):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(BuiltinType, self).__init__(type, {})
+        super().__init__(type, {})
 
 
 def _infer_sequence_for_pyname(pyname):
diff --git a/rope/base/change.py b/rope/base/change.py
index 495bf5d82..af105d520 100644
--- a/rope/base/change.py
+++ b/rope/base/change.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from rope.base import taskhandle, exceptions, utils
 
 
-class Change(object):
+class Change:
     """The base class for changes
 
     Rope refactorings return `Change` objects.  They can be previewed,
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def __str__(self):
             else:
                 string_date = date.strftime("%d %b, %Y")
             string_time = date.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
-            string_time = "%s %s " % (string_date, string_time)
+            string_time = "{} {} ".format(string_date, string_time)
             return self.description + " - " + string_time
         return self.description
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ def __str__(self):
         return "Move <%s>" % self.resource.path
 
     def get_description(self):
-        return "rename from %s\nrename to %s" % (
+        return "rename from {}\nrename to {}".format(
             self.resource.path,
             self.new_resource.path,
         )
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ class CreateFolder(CreateResource):
 
     def __init__(self, parent, name):
         resource = parent.project.get_folder(self._get_child_path(parent, name))
-        super(CreateFolder, self).__init__(resource)
+        super().__init__(resource)
 
 
 class CreateFile(CreateResource):
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ class CreateFile(CreateResource):
 
     def __init__(self, parent, name):
         resource = parent.project.get_file(self._get_child_path(parent, name))
-        super(CreateFile, self).__init__(resource)
+        super().__init__(resource)
 
 
 class RemoveResource(Change):
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ def create_job_set(task_handle, change):
     return task_handle.create_jobset(str(change), count_changes(change))
 
 
-class _ResourceOperations(object):
+class _ResourceOperations:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
         self.fscommands = project.fscommands
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ def _create_resource(self, file_name, kind="file"):
                 fscommands.create_file(resource_path)
             else:
                 fscommands.create_folder(resource_path)
-        except IOError as e:
+        except OSError as e:
             raise exceptions.RopeError(e)
 
 
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ def _get_destination_for_move(resource, destination):
     return destination
 
 
-class ChangeToData(object):
+class ChangeToData:
     def convertChangeSet(self, change):
         description = change.description
         changes = []
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ def __call__(self, change):
         return (change_type.__name__, method(change))
 
 
-class DataToChange(object):
+class DataToChange:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
 
diff --git a/rope/base/codeanalyze.py b/rope/base/codeanalyze.py
index 3e2e0f618..992ff478c 100644
--- a/rope/base/codeanalyze.py
+++ b/rope/base/codeanalyze.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import tokenize
 
 
-class ChangeCollector(object):
+class ChangeCollector:
     def __init__(self, text):
         self.text = text
         self.changes = []
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def get_changed(self):
             return result
 
 
-class SourceLinesAdapter(object):
+class SourceLinesAdapter:
     """Adapts source to Lines interface
 
     Note: The creation of this class is expensive.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def get_line_end(self, lineno):
         return self.starts[lineno] - 1
 
 
-class ArrayLinesAdapter(object):
+class ArrayLinesAdapter:
     def __init__(self, lines):
         self.lines = lines
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def length(self):
         return len(self.lines)
 
 
-class LinesToReadline(object):
+class LinesToReadline:
     def __init__(self, lines, start):
         self.lines = lines
         self.current = start
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def __call__(self):
         return self.readline()
 
 
-class _CustomGenerator(object):
+class _CustomGenerator:
     def __init__(self, lines):
         self.lines = lines
         self.in_string = ""
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def custom_generator(lines):
     return _CustomGenerator(lines)()
 
 
-class LogicalLineFinder(object):
+class LogicalLineFinder:
     def __init__(self, lines):
         self.lines = lines
 
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ def tokenizer_generator(lines):
     return LogicalLineFinder(lines).generate_regions()
 
 
-class CachingLogicalLineFinder(object):
+class CachingLogicalLineFinder:
     def __init__(self, lines, generate=custom_generator):
         self.lines = lines
         self._generate = generate
diff --git a/rope/base/evaluate.py b/rope/base/evaluate.py
index f9a17b5ae..b9f9b0b33 100644
--- a/rope/base/evaluate.py
+++ b/rope/base/evaluate.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def eval_str2(holding_scope, name):
     return eval_node2(holding_scope, node)
 
 
-class ScopeNameFinder(object):
+class ScopeNameFinder:
     def __init__(self, pymodule):
         self.module_scope = pymodule.get_scope()
         self.lines = pymodule.lines
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def _find_module(self, module_name):
         )
 
 
-class StatementEvaluator(object):
+class StatementEvaluator:
     def __init__(self, scope):
         self.scope = scope
         self.result = None
diff --git a/rope/base/exceptions.py b/rope/base/exceptions.py
index ff38a405d..950946b4e 100644
--- a/rope/base/exceptions.py
+++ b/rope/base/exceptions.py
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ def __init__(self, filename, lineno, message):
         self.filename = filename
         self.lineno = lineno
         self.message_ = message
-        super(ModuleSyntaxError, self).__init__(
-            "Syntax error in file <%s> line <%s>: %s" % (filename, lineno, message)
+        super().__init__(
+            "Syntax error in file <{}> line <{}>: {}".format(filename, lineno, message)
         )
 
 
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ class ModuleDecodeError(RopeError):
     def __init__(self, filename, message):
         self.filename = filename
         self.message_ = message
-        super(ModuleDecodeError, self).__init__(
-            "Cannot decode file <%s>: %s" % (filename, message)
+        super().__init__(
+            "Cannot decode file <{}>: {}".format(filename, message)
         )
diff --git a/rope/base/fscommands.py b/rope/base/fscommands.py
index e369ae823..8242918b1 100644
--- a/rope/base/fscommands.py
+++ b/rope/base/fscommands.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def create_fscommands(root):
     return FileSystemCommands()
 
 
-class FileSystemCommands(object):
+class FileSystemCommands:
     def create_file(self, path):
         open(path, "w").close()
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def read(self, path):
             return handle.read()
 
 
-class SubversionCommands(object):
+class SubversionCommands:
     def __init__(self, *args):
         self.normal_actions = FileSystemCommands()
         import pysvn
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def read(self, path):
         return self.normal_actions.read(path)
 
 
-class MercurialCommands(object):
+class MercurialCommands:
     def __init__(self, root):
         self.hg = self._import_mercurial()
         self.normal_actions = FileSystemCommands()
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def read(self, path):
         return self.normal_actions.read(path)
 
 
-class GITCommands(object):
+class GITCommands:
     def __init__(self, root):
         self.root = root
         self._do(["version"])
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def _in_dir(self, path):
         return self.root
 
 
-class DarcsCommands(object):
+class DarcsCommands:
     def __init__(self, root):
         self.root = root
         self.normal_actions = FileSystemCommands()
diff --git a/rope/base/history.py b/rope/base/history.py
index d2ba8072f..dab035922 100644
--- a/rope/base/history.py
+++ b/rope/base/history.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from rope.base import exceptions, change, taskhandle
 
 
-class History(object):
+class History:
     """A class that holds project history"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, maxundos=None):
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ def clear(self):
         del self.redo_list[:]
 
 
-class _FindChangeDependencies(object):
+class _FindChangeDependencies:
     def __init__(self, change_list):
         self.change = change_list[0]
         self.change_list = change_list
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/doa.py b/rope/base/oi/doa.py
index 48b5db98f..92dbd5140 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/doa.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/doa.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def _compat_compare_digest(a, b):
     compare_digest = _compat_compare_digest
 
 
-class PythonFileRunner(object):
+class PythonFileRunner:
     """A class for running python project files"""
 
     def __init__(
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ def add_finishing_observer(self, observer):
         self.observers.append(observer)
 
 
-class _MessageReceiver(object):
+class _MessageReceiver:
     def receive_data(self):
         pass
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ def __init__(self):
             try:
                 self.server_socket.bind(("localhost", self.data_port))
                 break
-            except socket.error:
+            except OSError:
                 self.data_port += 1
         self.server_socket.listen(1)
 
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/memorydb.py b/rope/base/oi/memorydb.py
index 6388e53f5..340fb4431 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/memorydb.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/memorydb.py
@@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ def keys(self):
         return self._files.keys()
 
     def __iter__(self):
-        for f in self._files:
-            yield f
+        yield from self._files
 
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self._files)
@@ -85,8 +84,7 @@ def __delitem__(self, key):
         del self.scopes[key]
 
     def __iter__(self):
-        for s in self.scopes:
-            yield s
+        yield from self.scopes
 
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.scopes)
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/objectdb.py b/rope/base/oi/objectdb.py
index 53583ee0c..7351fcd9e 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/objectdb.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/objectdb.py
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
-
-
-class ObjectDB(object):
+class ObjectDB:
     def __init__(self, db, validation):
         self.db = db
         self.validation = validation
@@ -92,13 +89,13 @@ def __str__(self):
         scope_count = 0
         for file_dict in self.files.values():
             scope_count += len(file_dict)
-        return "ObjectDB holds %s file and %s scope infos" % (
+        return "ObjectDB holds {} file and {} scope infos".format(
             len(self.files),
             scope_count,
         )
 
 
-class _NullScopeInfo(object):
+class _NullScopeInfo:
     def __init__(self, error_on_write=True):
         self.error_on_write = error_on_write
 
@@ -133,7 +130,7 @@ def rename(self, key, new_key):
         pass
 
 
-class ScopeInfo(object):
+class ScopeInfo:
     def get_per_name(self, name):
         pass
 
@@ -150,7 +147,7 @@ def add_call(self, parameters, returned):
         pass
 
 
-class CallInfo(object):
+class CallInfo:
     def __init__(self, args, returned):
         self.args = args
         self.returned = returned
@@ -162,7 +159,7 @@ def get_returned(self):
         return self.returned
 
 
-class FileListObserver(object):
+class FileListObserver:
     def added(self, path):
         pass
 
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/objectinfo.py b/rope/base/oi/objectinfo.py
index fc8296f37..3ecce786b 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/objectinfo.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/objectinfo.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from rope.base.oi import objectdb, memorydb, transform
 
 
-class ObjectInfoManager(object):
+class ObjectInfoManager:
     """Stores object information
 
     It uses an instance of `objectdb.ObjectDB` for storing
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def get_exact_returned(self, pyobject, args):
     def _args_to_textual(self, pyfunction, args):
         parameters = list(pyfunction.get_param_names(special_args=False))
         arguments = args.get_arguments(parameters)[: len(parameters)]
-        textual_args = tuple([self.to_textual(arg) for arg in arguments])
+        textual_args = tuple(self.to_textual(arg) for arg in arguments)
         return textual_args
 
     def get_parameter_objects(self, pyobject):
@@ -138,14 +138,14 @@ def doi_to_normal(textual):
             return self.to_textual(pyobject)
 
         function = doi_to_normal(data[0])
-        args = tuple([doi_to_normal(textual) for textual in data[1]])
+        args = tuple(doi_to_normal(textual) for textual in data[1])
         returned = doi_to_normal(data[2])
         if function[0] == "defined" and len(function) == 3:
             self._save_data(function, args, returned)
 
     def function_called(self, pyfunction, params, returned=None):
         function_text = self.to_textual(pyfunction)
-        params_text = tuple([self.to_textual(param) for param in params])
+        params_text = tuple(self.to_textual(param) for param in params)
         returned_text = ("unknown",)
         if returned is not None:
             returned_text = self.to_textual(returned)
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ def __str__(self):
         return str(self.objectdb)
 
 
-class TextualValidation(object):
+class TextualValidation:
     def __init__(self, to_pyobject):
         self.to_pyobject = to_pyobject
 
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ def is_scope_valid(self, path, key):
         return self.to_pyobject(textual) is not None
 
 
-class _FileListObserver(object):
+class _FileListObserver:
     def __init__(self, object_info):
         self.object_info = object_info
         self.observer = self.object_info.observer
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/runmod.py b/rope/base/oi/runmod.py
index 2f169e392..e0d28c343 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/runmod.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/runmod.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def __rope_start_everything():
     import hashlib
     import hmac
 
-    class _MessageSender(object):
+    class _MessageSender:
         def send_data(self, data):
             pass
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def newfunc(self, arg):
 
         return newfunc
 
-    class _FunctionCallDataSender(object):
+    class _FunctionCallDataSender:
         def __init__(self, send_info, project_root):
             self.project_root = project_root
             if send_info[0].isdigit():
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/soa.py b/rope/base/oi/soa.py
index 6d8de5ca7..c77a9d0b5 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/soa.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/soa.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def _follow(pyfunction):
             rope.base.ast.walk(child, visitor)
 
 
-class SOAVisitor(object):
+class SOAVisitor:
     def __init__(self, pycore, pydefined, follow_callback=None):
         self.pycore = pycore
         self.pymodule = pydefined.get_module()
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ def _evaluate_assign_value(self, node, nodes, type_hint=False):
 
 class _SOAAssignVisitor(astutils._NodeNameCollector):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(_SOAAssignVisitor, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.nodes = []
 
     def _added(self, node, levels):
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/transform.py b/rope/base/oi/transform.py
index 768d5aea9..b42d92939 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/transform.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/transform.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from rope.base import exceptions
 
 
-class PyObjectToTextual(object):
+class PyObjectToTextual:
     """For transforming `PyObject` to textual form
 
     This can be used for storing `PyObjects` in files.  Use
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def resource_to_path(self, resource):
             return resource.real_path
 
 
-class TextualToPyObject(object):
+class TextualToPyObject:
     """For transforming textual form to `PyObject`"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, allow_in_project_absolutes=False):
@@ -289,4 +289,4 @@ def path_to_resource(self, path):
         relpath = rope.base.libutils.path_relative_to_project_root(self.project, path)
         if relpath is not None:
             path = relpath
-        return super(DOITextualToPyObject, self).path_to_resource(path)
+        return super().path_to_resource(path)
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/evaluate.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/evaluate.py
index 9b6ec3dc1..009682d72 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/evaluate.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/evaluate.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from rope.base import utils as base_utils
 
 
-class SymbolBase(object):
+class SymbolBase:
 
     name = None  # node/token type name
 
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ def evaluate(self, pyobject):
 
     def __repr__(self):
         if self.name == "(name)":
-            return "(%s %s)" % (self.name[1:-1], self.value)
+            return "({} {})".format(self.name[1:-1], self.value)
         out = [repr(self.name), self.first, self.second, self.third]
         out = [str(i) for i in out if i]
         return "(" + " ".join(out) + ")"
 
 
-class SymbolTable(object):
+class SymbolTable:
     def multi(func):
         def _inner(self, names, *a, **kw):
             for name in names.split():
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ def led(self, left, parser):
 symbol_table = SymbolTable()
 
 
-class Lexer(object):
+class Lexer:
 
     _token_pattern = re.compile(
         r"""
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def tokenize(self, program):
                 s.value = value
             else:
                 raise SyntaxError(
-                    "Unknown operator ({0}). Possible operators are {1!r}".format(
+                    "Unknown operator ({}). Possible operators are {!r}".format(
                         value, list(self.symbol_table)
                     )
                 )
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ def _tokenize_expr(self, program):
         yield "(end)", "(end)"
 
 
-class Parser(object):
+class Parser:
 
     token = None
     next = None
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ def expression(self, rbp=0):
     def advance(self, name=None):
         if name and self.token.name != name:
             raise SyntaxError(
-                "Expected {0!r} but found {1!r}".format(name, self.token.name)
+                f"Expected {name!r} but found {self.token.name!r}"
             )
         self.token = self.next()
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ def evaluate(self, pyobject):
     raise NotImplementedError
 
 
-class Compiler(object):
+class Compiler:
 
     parser_factory = Parser
     lexer_factory = Lexer
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ def __call__(self, program):
 compile = Compiler()
 
 
-class Evaluator(object):
+class Evaluator:
 
     compile = compile
 
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/factory.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/factory.py
index c37a3de91..f514b7c09 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/factory.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/factory.py
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def make_resolver(self):
 default_type_hinting_factory = TypeHintingFactory()
 
 
-class TypeHintingFactoryAccessor(object):
+class TypeHintingFactoryAccessor:
     def __call__(self, project):
         """
         :type project: rope.base.project.Project
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/interfaces.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/interfaces.py
index fa9eef165..026590766 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/interfaces.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/interfaces.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class ITypeHintingFactory(object):
+class ITypeHintingFactory:
     def make_param_provider(self):
         """
         :rtype: rope.base.oi.type_hinting.providers.interfaces.IParamProvider
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/docstrings.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/docstrings.py
index 2e1c864a5..c8497c3e9 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/docstrings.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/docstrings.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def __call__(self, pyname):
                 return self._resolve(type_strs[0], pyclass)
 
 
-class IParamParser(object):
+class IParamParser:
     def __call__(self, docstring, param_name):
         """
         :type docstring: str
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def __call__(self, docstring, param_name):
         """
 
 
-class IReturnParser(object):
+class IReturnParser:
     def __call__(self, docstring):
         """
         :type docstring: str
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ def __call__(self, docstring):
         return []
 
 
-class RSTRoleStrip(object):
+class RSTRoleStrip:
 
     RST_ROLE_PATTERN = re.compile(r":[^`]+:`([^`]+)`")
 
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/interfaces.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/interfaces.py
index 9d10a70b7..2e8d0c0cb 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/interfaces.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/interfaces.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class IParamProvider(object):
+class IParamProvider:
     def __call__(self, pyfunc, param_name):
         """
         :type pyfunc: rope.base.pyobjectsdef.PyFunction
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ def __call__(self, pyfunc, param_name):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
 
-class IReturnProvider(object):
+class IReturnProvider:
     """
     :type resolve: rope.base.oi.type_hinting.resolvers.interfaces.IResolver
     """
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def __call__(self, pyfunc):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
 
-class IAssignmentProvider(object):
+class IAssignmentProvider:
     """
     :type resolve: rope.base.oi.type_hinting.resolvers.interfaces.IResolver
     """
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/numpydocstrings.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/numpydocstrings.py
index 6c4fb229d..dec290195 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/numpydocstrings.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/providers/numpydocstrings.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def __call__(self, docstring, param_name):
                     p_type = m.group(1)
 
                 if p_type.startswith("{"):
-                    types = set(type(x).__name__ for x in literal_eval(p_type))
+                    types = {type(x).__name__ for x in literal_eval(p_type)}
                     return list(types)
                 else:
                     return [p_type]
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/resolvers/interfaces.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/resolvers/interfaces.py
index 120b97232..28f4184e3 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/resolvers/interfaces.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/resolvers/interfaces.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class IResolver(object):
+class IResolver:
     def __call__(self, hint, pyobject):
         """
         :param hint: For example "List[int]" or "(Foo, Bar) -> Baz" or simple "Foo"
diff --git a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/utils.py b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/utils.py
index bad700af5..67ae10a4b 100644
--- a/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/utils.py
+++ b/rope/base/oi/type_hinting/utils.py
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def resolve_type(type_name, pyobject):
     return ret_type
 
 
-class ParametrizeType(object):
+class ParametrizeType:
 
     _supported_mapping = {
         "builtins.list": "rope.base.builtins.get_list",
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def __call__(self, pyobject, *args, **kwargs):
         return pyobject
 
     def _get_type_factory(self, pyobject):
-        type_str = "{0}.{1}".format(
+        type_str = "{}.{}".format(
             pyobject.get_module().get_name(),
             pyobject.get_name(),
         )
diff --git a/rope/base/prefs.py b/rope/base/prefs.py
index 222e41c37..1b68008ef 100644
--- a/rope/base/prefs.py
+++ b/rope/base/prefs.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class Prefs(object):
+class Prefs:
     def __init__(self):
         self.prefs = {}
         self.callbacks = {}
diff --git a/rope/base/project.py b/rope/base/project.py
index 02407edb5..dc60ff714 100644
--- a/rope/base/project.py
+++ b/rope/base/project.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
     import pickle
 
 
-class _Project(object):
+class _Project:
     def __init__(self, fscommands):
         self.observers = []
         self.fscommands = fscommands
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def __init__(
             raise exceptions.RopeError("Project root exists and" " is not a directory")
         if fscommands is None:
             fscommands = rope.base.fscommands.create_fscommands(self._address)
-        super(Project, self).__init__(fscommands)
+        super().__init__(fscommands)
         self.ignored = _ResourceMatcher()
         self.file_list = _FileListCacher(self)
         self.prefs.add_callback("ignored_resources", self.ignored.set_patterns)
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ def ropefolder(self):
     def validate(self, folder=None):
         if folder is None:
             folder = self.root
-        super(Project, self).validate(folder)
+        super().validate(folder)
 
     root = property(lambda self: self.get_resource(""))
     address = property(lambda self: self._address)
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ class NoProject(_Project):
 
     def __init__(self):
         fscommands = rope.base.fscommands.FileSystemCommands()
-        super(NoProject, self).__init__(fscommands)
+        super().__init__(fscommands)
 
     def _get_resource_path(self, name):
         real_name = name.replace("/", os.path.sep)
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ def _get_resource_path(self, name):
 
     def get_resource(self, name):
         universal_name = _realpath(name).replace(os.path.sep, "/")
-        return super(NoProject, self).get_resource(universal_name)
+        return super().get_resource(universal_name)
 
     def get_files(self):
         return []
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ def get_no_project():
     return NoProject._no_project
 
 
-class _FileListCacher(object):
+class _FileListCacher:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
         self.files = None
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ def _invalid(self, resource, new_resource=None):
         self.files = None
 
 
-class _DataFiles(object):
+class _DataFiles:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
         self.hooks = []
diff --git a/rope/base/pycore.py b/rope/base/pycore.py
index 352a509b3..48c064431 100644
--- a/rope/base/pycore.py
+++ b/rope/base/pycore.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 from rope.base.pyobjectsdef import PyModule, PyPackage
 
 
-class PyCore(object):
+class PyCore:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
         self._init_resource_observer()
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ def extension_modules(self):
         return result
 
 
-class _ModuleCache(object):
+class _ModuleCache:
     def __init__(self, pycore):
         self.pycore = pycore
         self.module_map = {}
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ def __str__(self):
         return "PyCore caches %d PyModules\n" % len(self.module_map)
 
 
-class _ExtensionCache(object):
+class _ExtensionCache:
     def __init__(self, pycore):
         self.pycore = pycore
         self.extensions = {}
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ def should_analyze(pydefined):
             pass
 
 
-class _TextChangeDetector(object):
+class _TextChangeDetector:
     def __init__(self, old, new):
         self.old = old
         self.new = new
diff --git a/rope/base/pynames.py b/rope/base/pynames.py
index 285ee38f8..e15af4714 100644
--- a/rope/base/pynames.py
+++ b/rope/base/pynames.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from rope.base import exceptions, utils
 
 
-class PyName(object):
+class PyName:
     """References to `PyObject` inside python programs"""
 
     def get_object(self):
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def get_definition_location(self):
         return (None, None)
 
 
-class AssignmentValue(object):
+class AssignmentValue:
     """An assigned expression"""
 
     def __init__(
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ def _circular_inference():
     raise rope.base.pyobjects.IsBeingInferredError("Circular Object Inference")
 
 
-class _Inferred(object):
+class _Inferred:
     def __init__(self, get_inferred, concluded=None):
         self.get_inferred = get_inferred
         self.concluded = concluded
diff --git a/rope/base/pyobjects.py b/rope/base/pyobjects.py
index 8f0e03e19..5e6902753 100644
--- a/rope/base/pyobjects.py
+++ b/rope/base/pyobjects.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from rope.base import ast, exceptions, utils
 
 
-class PyObject(object):
+class PyObject:
     def __init__(self, type_):
         if type_ is None:
             type_ = self
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def __hash__(self):
         if type(self) == PyObject and self != self.type:
             return hash(self.type) + 1
         else:
-            return super(PyObject, self).__hash__()
+            return super().__hash__()
 
     def __iter__(self):
         """The same as ``iter(self.get_attributes())``"""
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def get_unknown():
 
 class AbstractClass(PyObject):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(AbstractClass, self).__init__(get_base_type("Type"))
+        super().__init__(get_base_type("Type"))
 
     def get_name(self):
         pass
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ def get_superclasses(self):
 
 class AbstractFunction(PyObject):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(AbstractFunction, self).__init__(get_base_type("Function"))
+        super().__init__(get_base_type("Function"))
 
     def get_name(self):
         pass
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ def get_returned_object(self, args):
 
 class AbstractModule(PyObject):
     def __init__(self, doc=None):
-        super(AbstractModule, self).__init__(get_base_type("Module"))
+        super().__init__(get_base_type("Module"))
 
     def get_doc(self):
         pass
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ def get_resource(self):
         pass
 
 
-class PyDefinedObject(object):
+class PyDefinedObject:
     """Python defined names that rope can access their sources"""
 
     def __init__(self, pycore, ast_node, parent):
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class PyClass(PyDefinedObject, AbstractClass):
     """Only a placeholder"""
 
 
-class _ConcludedData(object):
+class _ConcludedData:
     def __init__(self):
         self.data_ = None
 
diff --git a/rope/base/pyobjectsdef.py b/rope/base/pyobjectsdef.py
index 7dd9d7494..622fcb0ef 100644
--- a/rope/base/pyobjectsdef.py
+++ b/rope/base/pyobjectsdef.py
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ def __init__(self, pycore, source=None, resource=None, force_errors=False):
         self.star_imports = []
         self.visitor_class = _GlobalVisitor
         self.coding = fscommands.read_str_coding(self.source_code)
-        super(PyModule, self).__init__(pycore, node, resource)
+        super().__init__(pycore, node, resource)
 
     def _init_source(self, pycore, source_code, resource):
         filename = "string"
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ def __init__(self, pycore, resource=None, force_errors=False):
             ).get_ast()
         else:
             ast_node = ast.parse("\n")
-        super(PyPackage, self).__init__(pycore, ast_node, resource)
+        super().__init__(pycore, ast_node, resource)
 
     def _create_structural_attributes(self):
         result = {}
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ def get_module(self):
         return self
 
 
-class _AnnAssignVisitor(object):
+class _AnnAssignVisitor:
     def __init__(self, scope_visitor):
         self.scope_visitor = scope_visitor
         self.assigned_ast = None
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ def _Slice(self, node):
         pass
 
 
-class _ExpressionVisitor(object):
+class _ExpressionVisitor:
     def __init__(self, scope_visitor):
         self.scope_visitor = scope_visitor
 
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ def _NamedExpr(self, node):
         ast.walk(node.value, self)
 
 
-class _AssignVisitor(object):
+class _AssignVisitor:
     def __init__(self, scope_visitor):
         self.scope_visitor = scope_visitor
         self.assigned_ast = None
@@ -590,12 +590,12 @@ def _get_pyobject(self, node):
 
 class _GlobalVisitor(_ScopeVisitor):
     def __init__(self, pycore, owner_object):
-        super(_GlobalVisitor, self).__init__(pycore, owner_object)
+        super().__init__(pycore, owner_object)
 
 
 class _ClassVisitor(_ScopeVisitor):
     def __init__(self, pycore, owner_object):
-        super(_ClassVisitor, self).__init__(pycore, owner_object)
+        super().__init__(pycore, owner_object)
 
     def _FunctionDef(self, node):
         _ScopeVisitor._FunctionDef(self, node)
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ def _FunctionDef(self, node):
 
 class _FunctionVisitor(_ScopeVisitor):
     def __init__(self, pycore, owner_object):
-        super(_FunctionVisitor, self).__init__(pycore, owner_object)
+        super().__init__(pycore, owner_object)
         self.returned_asts = []
         self.generator = False
 
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ def _Yield(self, node):
 
 class _ClassInitVisitor(_AssignVisitor):
     def __init__(self, scope_visitor, self_name):
-        super(_ClassInitVisitor, self).__init__(scope_visitor)
+        super().__init__(scope_visitor)
         self.self_name = self_name
 
     def _Attribute(self, node):
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ def _With(self, node):
         pass
 
 
-class StarImport(object):
+class StarImport:
     def __init__(self, imported_module):
         self.imported_module = imported_module
 
diff --git a/rope/base/pyscopes.py b/rope/base/pyscopes.py
index 2eed0f214..524b48d15 100644
--- a/rope/base/pyscopes.py
+++ b/rope/base/pyscopes.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import patchedast
 
 
-class Scope(object):
+class Scope:
     def __init__(self, pycore, pyobject, parent_scope):
         self.pycore = pycore
         self.pyobject = pyobject
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def in_region(self, offset):
 
 class GlobalScope(Scope):
     def __init__(self, pycore, module):
-        super(GlobalScope, self).__init__(pycore, module, None)
+        super().__init__(pycore, module, None)
         self.names = module._get_concluded_data()
 
     def get_start(self):
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def _get_source(self):
     def get_names(self):
         if self.names.get() is None:
             result = dict(self.builtin_names)
-            result.update(super(GlobalScope, self).get_names())
+            result.update(super().get_names())
             self.names.set(result)
         return self.names.get()
 
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def builtin_names(self):
 
 class ComprehensionScope(Scope):
     def __init__(self, pycore, pyobject, visitor):
-        super(ComprehensionScope, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             pycore, pyobject, pyobject.parent.get_scope()
         )
         self.names = None
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ def get_body_start(self):
 
 class FunctionScope(Scope):
     def __init__(self, pycore, pyobject, visitor):
-        super(FunctionScope, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             pycore, pyobject, pyobject.parent.get_scope()
         )
         self.names = None
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ def invalidate_data(self):
 
 class ClassScope(Scope):
     def __init__(self, pycore, pyobject):
-        super(ClassScope, self).__init__(pycore, pyobject, pyobject.parent.get_scope())
+        super().__init__(pycore, pyobject, pyobject.parent.get_scope())
 
     def get_kind(self):
         return "Class"
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ def get_propagated_names(self):
         return {}
 
 
-class _HoldingScopeFinder(object):
+class _HoldingScopeFinder:
     def __init__(self, pymodule):
         self.pymodule = pymodule
 
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ class TemporaryScope(Scope):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, pycore, parent_scope, names):
-        super(TemporaryScope, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             pycore, parent_scope.pyobject, parent_scope
         )
         self.names = names
diff --git a/rope/base/resourceobserver.py b/rope/base/resourceobserver.py
index 4f16d5806..8b2186d2a 100644
--- a/rope/base/resourceobserver.py
+++ b/rope/base/resourceobserver.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import os
 
 
-class ResourceObserver(object):
+class ResourceObserver:
     """Provides the interface for observing resources
 
     `ResourceObserver` can be registered using `Project.
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def validate(self, resource):
             self._validate(resource)
 
 
-class FilteredResourceObserver(object):
+class FilteredResourceObserver:
     """A useful decorator for `ResourceObserver`
 
     Most resource observers have a list of resources and are
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ def _calculate_new_resource(self, main, new_main, resource):
         return resource.project.get_resource(new_main.path + diff)
 
 
-class ChangeIndicator(object):
+class ChangeIndicator:
     def get_indicator(self, resource):
         """Return the modification time and size of a `Resource`."""
         path = resource.real_path
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ def get_indicator(self, resource):
         return (os.path.getmtime(path), os.path.getsize(path))
 
 
-class _Changes(object):
+class _Changes:
     def __init__(self):
         self.changes = set()
         self.creations = set()
diff --git a/rope/base/resources.py b/rope/base/resources.py
index 174492faf..bd5e8efe3 100644
--- a/rope/base/resources.py
+++ b/rope/base/resources.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 from rope.base import fscommands
 
 
-class Resource(object):
+class Resource:
     """Represents files and folders in a project"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, path):
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def move(self, new_location):
         """Move resource to `new_location`"""
         self._perform_change(
             change.MoveResource(self, new_location),
-            "Moving <%s> to <%s>" % (self.path, new_location),
+            "Moving <{}> to <{}>".format(self.path, new_location),
         )
 
     def remove(self):
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ class File(Resource):
 
     def __init__(self, project, name):
         self.newlines = None
-        super(File, self).__init__(project, name)
+        super().__init__(project, name)
 
     def read(self):
         data = self.read_bytes()
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def write(self, contents):
         try:
             if contents == self.read():
                 return
-        except IOError:
+        except OSError:
             pass
         self._perform_change(
             change.ChangeContents(self, contents), "Writing file <%s>" % self.path
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class Folder(Resource):
     """Represents a folder"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, name):
-        super(Folder, self).__init__(project, name)
+        super().__init__(project, name)
 
     def is_folder(self):
         return True
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ def create(self):
         self.parent.create_folder(self.name)
 
 
-class _ResourceMatcher(object):
+class _ResourceMatcher:
     def __init__(self):
         self.patterns = []
         self._compiled_patterns = []
diff --git a/rope/base/taskhandle.py b/rope/base/taskhandle.py
index 4724492c7..c80d9eb5c 100644
--- a/rope/base/taskhandle.py
+++ b/rope/base/taskhandle.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from rope.base import exceptions
 
 
-class TaskHandle(object):
+class TaskHandle:
     def __init__(self, name="Task", interrupts=True):
         """Construct a TaskHandle
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def _inform_observers(self):
             observer()
 
 
-class JobSet(object):
+class JobSet:
     def __init__(self, handle, name, count):
         self.handle = handle
         self.name = name
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def get_name(self):
         return self.name
 
 
-class NullTaskHandle(object):
+class NullTaskHandle:
     def __init__(self):
         pass
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ def add_observer(self, observer):
         pass
 
 
-class NullJobSet(object):
+class NullJobSet:
     def started_job(self, name):
         pass
 
diff --git a/rope/base/utils/__init__.py b/rope/base/utils/__init__.py
index 2db623357..b77f4aad1 100644
--- a/rope/base/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/rope/base/utils/__init__.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def decorator(func):
     return decorator
 
 
-class _Cached(object):
+class _Cached:
     def __init__(self, func, count):
         self.func = func
         self.cache = []
diff --git a/rope/base/utils/datastructures.py b/rope/base/utils/datastructures.py
index e9c0b60ee..a360b47c5 100644
--- a/rope/base/utils/datastructures.py
+++ b/rope/base/utils/datastructures.py
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ def pop(self, last=True):
 
     def __repr__(self):
         if not self:
-            return "%s()" % (self.__class__.__name__,)
-        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, list(self))
+            return "{}()".format(self.__class__.__name__)
+        return "{}({!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, list(self))
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         if isinstance(other, OrderedSet):
diff --git a/rope/base/worder.py b/rope/base/worder.py
index d033730fd..94089b5a8 100644
--- a/rope/base/worder.py
+++ b/rope/base/worder.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def get_name_at(resource, offset):
     return word_finder.get_word_at(offset)
 
 
-class Worder(object):
+class Worder:
     """A class for finding boundaries of words and expressions
 
     Note that in these methods, offset should be the index of the
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def find_function_offset(self, offset):
         return self.code_finder.find_function_offset(offset)
 
 
-class _RealFinder(object):
+class _RealFinder:
     def __init__(self, code, raw):
         self.code = code
         self.raw = raw
diff --git a/rope/contrib/autoimport/pickle.py b/rope/contrib/autoimport/pickle.py
index bd617be7c..5f42566f7 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/autoimport/pickle.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/autoimport/pickle.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import importutils
 
 
-class AutoImport(object):
+class AutoImport:
     """A class for finding the module that provides a name
 
     This class maintains a cache of global names in python modules.
@@ -228,11 +228,11 @@ def _removed(self, resource):
 def submodules(mod):
     if isinstance(mod, resources.File):
         if mod.name.endswith(".py") and mod.name != "__init__.py":
-            return set([mod])
+            return {mod}
         return set()
     if not mod.has_child("__init__.py"):
         return set()
-    result = set([mod])
+    result = {mod}
     for child in mod.get_children():
         result |= submodules(child)
     return result
diff --git a/rope/contrib/changestack.py b/rope/contrib/changestack.py
index 1325cef25..9b48cbd25 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/changestack.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/changestack.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 from rope.base import change
 
 
-class ChangeStack(object):
+class ChangeStack:
     def __init__(self, project, description="merged changes"):
         self.project = project
         self.description = description
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ def merged(self):
     def _basic_changes(self, changes):
         if isinstance(changes, change.ChangeSet):
             for child in changes.changes:
-                for atom in self._basic_changes(child):
-                    yield atom
+                yield from self._basic_changes(child)
         else:
             yield changes
diff --git a/rope/contrib/codeassist.py b/rope/contrib/codeassist.py
index ebc5e3969..4eb8c958f 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/codeassist.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/codeassist.py
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def mux(self, x):
     return names
 
 
-class CompletionProposal(object):
+class CompletionProposal:
     """A completion proposal
 
     The `scope` instance variable shows where proposed name came from
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ def __init__(self, name, scope, pyname=None):
         self.scope = self._get_scope(scope)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "%s (%s, %s)" % (self.name, self.scope, self.type)
+        return "{} ({}, {})".format(self.name, self.scope, self.type)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return str(self)
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ class NamedParamProposal(CompletionProposal):
     def __init__(self, name, function):
         self.argname = name
         name = "%s=" % name
-        super(NamedParamProposal, self).__init__(name, "parameter_keyword")
+        super().__init__(name, "parameter_keyword")
         self._function = function
 
     def get_default(self):
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ def default_templates():
     return {}
 
 
-class _PythonCodeAssist(object):
+class _PythonCodeAssist:
     def __init__(
         self, project, source_code, offset, resource=None, maxfixes=1, later_locals=True
     ):
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ def _keyword_parameters(self, pymodule, scope):
         return {}
 
 
-class _ProposalSorter(object):
+class _ProposalSorter:
     """Sort a list of code assist proposals"""
 
     def __init__(self, code_assist_proposals, scopepref=None, typepref=None):
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ def __init__(self, code_assist_proposals, scopepref=None, typepref=None):
         self.scopepref = scopepref
         if typepref is None:
             typepref = ["class", "function", "instance", "module", None]
-        self.typerank = dict((type, index) for index, type in enumerate(typepref))
+        self.typerank = {type: index for index, type in enumerate(typepref)}
 
     def get_sorted_proposal_list(self):
         """Return a list of `CodeAssistProposal`"""
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ def _underline_count(name):
         #                                      proposal2.name)
 
 
-class PyDocExtractor(object):
+class PyDocExtractor:
     def get_doc(self, pyobject):
         if isinstance(pyobject, pyobjects.AbstractFunction):
             return self._get_function_docstring(pyobject)
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ def get_calltip(self, pyobject, ignore_unknown=False, remove_self=False):
     def _get_class_docstring(self, pyclass):
         contents = self._trim_docstring(pyclass.get_doc(), 2)
         supers = [super.get_name() for super in pyclass.get_superclasses()]
-        doc = "class %s(%s):\n\n" % (pyclass.get_name(), ", ".join(supers)) + contents
+        doc = "class {}({}):\n\n".format(pyclass.get_name(), ", ".join(supers)) + contents
 
         if "__init__" in pyclass:
             init = pyclass["__init__"].get_object()
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ def _get_function_signature(self, pyfunction, add_module=False):
             info = functionutils.DefinitionInfo.read(pyfunction)
             return location + info.to_string()
         else:
-            return "%s(%s)" % (
+            return "{}({})".format(
                 location + pyfunction.get_name(),
                 ", ".join(pyfunction.get_param_names()),
             )
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ def _trim_docstring(self, docstring, indents=0):
         while trimmed and not trimmed[0]:
             trimmed.pop(0)
         # Return a single string:
-        return "\n".join((" " * indents + line for line in trimmed))
+        return "\n".join(" " * indents + line for line in trimmed)
 
 
 # Deprecated classes
@@ -722,11 +722,11 @@ def __init__(self, name, template):
         warnings.warn(
             "TemplateProposal is deprecated.", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2
         )
-        super(TemplateProposal, self).__init__(name, "template")
+        super().__init__(name, "template")
         self.template = template
 
 
-class Template(object):
+class Template:
     def __init__(self, template):
         self.template = template
         warnings.warn("Template is deprecated.", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
diff --git a/rope/contrib/finderrors.py b/rope/contrib/finderrors.py
index b1742d595..e85afbf14 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/finderrors.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/finderrors.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def find_errors(project, resource):
     return finder.errors
 
 
-class _BadAccessFinder(object):
+class _BadAccessFinder:
     def __init__(self, pymodule):
         self.pymodule = pymodule
         self.scope = pymodule.get_scope()
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ def _is_defined_after(self, scope, pyname, lineno):
                 return True
 
 
-class Error(object):
+class Error:
     def __init__(self, lineno, error):
         self.lineno = lineno
         self.error = error
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return "%s: %s" % (self.lineno, self.error)
+        return "{}: {}".format(self.lineno, self.error)
diff --git a/rope/contrib/findit.py b/rope/contrib/findit.py
index f22c9d1ce..027248eb0 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/findit.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/findit.py
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def check_offset(occurrence):
                 return Location(occurrence)
 
 
-class Location(object):
+class Location:
     def __init__(self, occurrence):
         self.resource = occurrence.resource
         self.region = occurrence.get_word_range()
diff --git a/rope/contrib/fixmodnames.py b/rope/contrib/fixmodnames.py
index 6290472e2..3f4e4a9cc 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/fixmodnames.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/fixmodnames.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import rename
 
 
-class FixModuleNames(object):
+class FixModuleNames:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
 
diff --git a/rope/contrib/fixsyntax.py b/rope/contrib/fixsyntax.py
index b7eaac7ab..1ef601e0d 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/fixsyntax.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/fixsyntax.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from rope.base.codeanalyze import ArrayLinesAdapter, LogicalLineFinder
 
 
-class FixSyntax(object):
+class FixSyntax:
     def __init__(self, project, code, resource, maxfixes=1):
         self.project = project
         self.code = code
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ def get_pymodule(self):
                 )
             except exceptions.ModuleSyntaxError as e:
                 if msg is None:
-                    msg = "%s:%s %s" % (e.filename, e.lineno, e.message_)
+                    msg = "{}:{} {}".format(e.filename, e.lineno, e.message_)
                 if tries < self.maxfixes:
                     tries += 1
                     self.commenter.comment(e.lineno)
                     code = "\n".join(self.commenter.lines)
                 else:
                     raise exceptions.ModuleSyntaxError(
-                        e.filename, e.lineno, "Failed to fix error: {0}".format(msg)
+                        e.filename, e.lineno, f"Failed to fix error: {msg}"
                     )
 
     @property
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def new_pyname():
         return result
 
 
-class _Commenter(object):
+class _Commenter:
     def __init__(self, code):
         self.code = code
         self.lines = self.code.split("\n")
diff --git a/rope/contrib/generate.py b/rope/contrib/generate.py
index 0c225ee88..d8f41a80f 100644
--- a/rope/contrib/generate.py
+++ b/rope/contrib/generate.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def create_package(project, name, sourcefolder=None):
     return made_packages
 
 
-class _Generate(object):
+class _Generate:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset, goal_resource=None):
         self.project = project
         self.resource = resource
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def _check_exceptional_conditions(self):
 
     def get_changes(self):
         changes = change.ChangeSet(
-            "Generate %s <%s>" % (self._get_element_kind(), self.name)
+            "Generate {} <{}>".format(self._get_element_kind(), self.name)
         )
         indents = self.info.get_scope_indents()
         blanks = self.info.get_blank_lines()
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def _get_element(self):
         ):
             args.append("self")
         args.extend(self.info.get_passed_args())
-        definition = "%sdef %s(%s):\n    pass\n" % (
+        definition = "{}def {}({}):\n    pass\n".format(
             decorator,
             self.name,
             ", ".join(args),
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ class GenerateModule(_Generate):
     def get_changes(self):
         package = self.info.get_package()
         changes = change.ChangeSet("Generate Module <%s>" % self.name)
-        new_resource = self.project.get_file("%s/%s.py" % (package.path, self.name))
+        new_resource = self.project.get_file("{}/{}.py".format(package.path, self.name))
         if new_resource.exists():
             raise exceptions.RefactoringError(
                 "Module <%s> already exists" % new_resource.path
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class GeneratePackage(_Generate):
     def get_changes(self):
         package = self.info.get_package()
         changes = change.ChangeSet("Generate Package <%s>" % self.name)
-        new_resource = self.project.get_folder("%s/%s" % (package.path, self.name))
+        new_resource = self.project.get_folder("{}/{}".format(package.path, self.name))
         if new_resource.exists():
             raise exceptions.RefactoringError(
                 "Package <%s> already exists" % new_resource.path
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ def _add_relative_import_to_module(project, resource, imported, name):
     return change.ChangeContents(resource, module_imports.get_changed_source())
 
 
-class _GenerationInfo(object):
+class _GenerationInfo:
     def __init__(self, pycore, resource, offset, goal_resource=None):
         self.pycore = pycore
         self.resource = resource
diff --git a/rope/refactor/change_signature.py b/rope/refactor/change_signature.py
index f4fdcb424..45dcbc92d 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/change_signature.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/change_signature.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import occurrences, functionutils
 
 
-class ChangeSignature(object):
+class ChangeSignature:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
         self.project = project
         self.resource = resource
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def get_changes(
         )
 
 
-class _FunctionChangers(object):
+class _FunctionChangers:
     def __init__(self, pyfunction, definition_info, changers=None):
         self.pyfunction = pyfunction
         self.definition_info = definition_info
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ def change_call(self, primary, pyname, call):
         return mapping.to_call_info(self.changed_definition_infos[-1]).to_string()
 
 
-class _ArgumentChanger(object):
+class _ArgumentChanger:
     def change_definition_info(self, definition_info):
         pass
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ def change_definition_info(self, definition_info):
         definition_info.args_with_defaults = new_args
 
 
-class _ChangeCallsInModule(object):
+class _ChangeCallsInModule:
     def __init__(self, project, occurrence_finder, resource, call_changer):
         self.project = project
         self.occurrence_finder = occurrence_finder
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ def lines(self):
         return self.pymodule.lines
 
 
-class _MultipleFinders(object):
+class _MultipleFinders:
     def __init__(self, finders):
         self.finders = finders
 
diff --git a/rope/refactor/encapsulate_field.py b/rope/refactor/encapsulate_field.py
index 5a3d42684..1d1587a24 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/encapsulate_field.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/encapsulate_field.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import sourceutils, occurrences
 
 
-class EncapsulateField(object):
+class EncapsulateField:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
         self.project = project
         self.name = worder.get_name_at(resource, offset)
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ def _change_holding_module(self, changes, renamer, getter, setter):
                 class_scope.get_start()
             )
         indents = sourceutils.get_indent(self.project) * " "
-        getter = "def %s(self):\n%sreturn self.%s" % (getter, indents, self.name)
-        setter = "def %s(self, value):\n%sself.%s = value" % (
+        getter = "def {}(self):\n{}return self.{}".format(getter, indents, self.name)
+        setter = "def {}(self, value):\n{}self.{} = value".format(
             setter,
             indents,
             self.name,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ def _change_holding_module(self, changes, renamer, getter, setter):
         return new_source
 
 
-class GetterSetterRenameInModule(object):
+class GetterSetterRenameInModule:
     def __init__(self, project, name, pyname, getter, setter):
         self.project = project
         self.name = name
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ def get_changed_module(
         return change_finder.get_changed_module()
 
 
-class _FindChangesForModule(object):
+class _FindChangesForModule:
     def __init__(self, finder, resource, pymodule, skip_start, skip_end):
         self.project = finder.project
         self.finder = finder.finder
diff --git a/rope/refactor/extract.py b/rope/refactor/extract.py
index f48210461..595f6f6c1 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/extract.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/extract.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #
 # There are a few more helper functions and classes used by above
 # classes.
-class _ExtractRefactoring(object):
+class _ExtractRefactoring:
 
     kind_prefixes = {}
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def get_changes(self, extracted_name, similar=False, global_=False, kind=None):
         )
         info.kind = self._get_kind(kind)
         new_contents = _ExtractPerformer(info).extract()
-        changes = ChangeSet("Extract %s <%s>" % (info.kind, extracted_name))
+        changes = ChangeSet("Extract {} <{}>".format(info.kind, extracted_name))
         changes.add_change(ChangeContents(self.resource, new_contents))
         return changes
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ def _validate_kind_prefix(kind, selected_kind):
 
     @classmethod
     def _get_kind(cls, kind):
-        raise NotImplementedError("You have to sublass {}".format(cls))
+        raise NotImplementedError(f"You have to sublass {cls}")
 
 
 class ExtractMethod(_ExtractRefactoring):
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class ExtractVariable(_ExtractRefactoring):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
         kwds = dict(kwds)
         kwds["variable"] = True
-        super(ExtractVariable, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwds)
 
     kind = "variable"
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def _get_kind(cls, kind):
         return cls.kind
 
 
-class _ExtractInfo(object):
+class _ExtractInfo:
     """Holds information about the extract to be performed"""
 
     def __init__(
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ def returning_named_expr(self):
         return self._returning_named_expr
 
 
-class _ExtractCollector(object):
+class _ExtractCollector:
     """Collects information needed for performing the extract"""
 
     def __init__(self, info):
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ def __init__(self, info):
         self.definition_location = None
 
 
-class _ExtractPerformer(object):
+class _ExtractPerformer:
     def __init__(self, info):
         self.info = info
         _ExceptionalConditionChecker()(self.info)
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ def _find_definition(self, collector):
         collector.checks = parts.get_checks()
 
 
-class _DefinitionLocationFinder(object):
+class _DefinitionLocationFinder:
     def __init__(self, info, matched_lines):
         self.info = info
         self.matched_lines = matched_lines
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ def _get_after_scope(self):
         return self.info.scope.get_end() + 1
 
 
-class _ExceptionalConditionChecker(object):
+class _ExceptionalConditionChecker:
     def __call__(self, info):
         self.base_conditions(info)
         if info.one_line:
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ def _is_on_a_word(self, info, offset):
         return next.isalnum() or next == "_"
 
 
-class _ExtractMethodParts(object):
+class _ExtractMethodParts:
     def __init__(self, info):
         self.info = info
         self.info_collector = self._create_info_collector()
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ def _get_globals_in_body(unindented_body):
         return visitor.globals_
 
 
-class _ExtractVariableParts(object):
+class _ExtractVariableParts:
     def __init__(self, info):
         self.info = info
 
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ def get_checks(self):
         return {}
 
 
-class _FunctionInformationCollector(object):
+class _FunctionInformationCollector:
     def __init__(self, start, end, is_global):
         self.start = start
         self.end = end
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ def _get_argnames(arguments):
     return result
 
 
-class _VariableReadsAndWritesFinder(object):
+class _VariableReadsAndWritesFinder:
     def __init__(self):
         self.written = set()
         self.read = set()
@@ -987,7 +987,7 @@ def find_reads_for_one_liners(code):
         return visitor.read
 
 
-class _BaseErrorFinder(object):
+class _BaseErrorFinder:
     @classmethod
     def has_errors(cls, code):
         if code.strip() == "":
@@ -1055,7 +1055,7 @@ def _ClassDef(self, node):
         pass
 
 
-class _GlobalFinder(object):
+class _GlobalFinder:
     def __init__(self):
         self.globals_ = OrderedSet()
 
diff --git a/rope/refactor/functionutils.py b/rope/refactor/functionutils.py
index f17438943..640c946ba 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/functionutils.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/functionutils.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from rope.base import worder
 
 
-class DefinitionInfo(object):
+class DefinitionInfo:
     def __init__(
         self, function_name, is_method, args_with_defaults, args_arg, keywords_arg
     ):
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ def __init__(
         self.keywords_arg = keywords_arg
 
     def to_string(self):
-        return "%s(%s)" % (self.function_name, self.arguments_to_string())
+        return "{}({})".format(self.function_name, self.arguments_to_string())
 
     def arguments_to_string(self, from_index=0):
         params = []
         for arg, default in self.args_with_defaults:
             if default is not None:
-                params.append("%s=%s" % (arg, default))
+                params.append("{}={}".format(arg, default))
             else:
                 params.append(arg)
         if self.args_arg is not None:
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ def read(pyfunction):
         return DefinitionInfo._read(pyfunction, call)
 
 
-class CallInfo(object):
+class CallInfo:
     def __init__(
         self,
         function_name,
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ def to_string(self):
         if self.args[start:]:
             params.extend(self.args[start:])
         if self.keywords:
-            params.extend(["%s=%s" % (name, value) for name, value in self.keywords])
+            params.extend(["{}={}".format(name, value) for name, value in self.keywords])
         if self.args_arg is not None:
             params.append("*" + self.args_arg)
         if self.keywords_arg:
             params.append("**" + self.keywords_arg)
-        return "%s(%s)" % (function, ", ".join(params))
+        return "{}({})".format(function, ", ".join(params))
 
     @staticmethod
     def read(primary, pyname, definition_info, code):
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ def _is_classmethod(pyname):
         return False
 
 
-class ArgumentMapping(object):
+class ArgumentMapping:
     def __init__(self, definition_info, call_info):
         self.call_info = call_info
         self.param_dict = {}
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def to_call_info(self, definition_info):
         )
 
 
-class _FunctionParser(object):
+class _FunctionParser:
     def __init__(self, call, implicit_arg, is_lambda=False):
         self.call = call
         self.implicit_arg = implicit_arg
diff --git a/rope/refactor/importutils/__init__.py b/rope/refactor/importutils/__init__.py
index 0638a4dba..fb7f362de 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/importutils/__init__.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/importutils/__init__.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 import rope.base.codeanalyze
 
 
-class ImportOrganizer(object):
+class ImportOrganizer:
     """Perform some import-related commands
 
     Each method returns a `rope.base.change.Change` object.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def import_filter(import_stmt):
         return import_filter
 
 
-class ImportTools(object):
+class ImportTools:
     def __init__(self, project):
         self.project = project
 
diff --git a/rope/refactor/importutils/actions.py b/rope/refactor/importutils/actions.py
index 5414a06eb..d2e290d85 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/importutils/actions.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/importutils/actions.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from rope.refactor.importutils import importinfo
 
 
-class ImportInfoVisitor(object):
+class ImportInfoVisitor:
     def dispatch(self, import_):
         try:
             method_name = "visit" + import_.import_info.__class__.__name__
diff --git a/rope/refactor/importutils/importinfo.py b/rope/refactor/importutils/importinfo.py
index 6452b691c..12fb6eca9 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/importutils/importinfo.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/importutils/importinfo.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-class ImportStatement(object):
+class ImportStatement:
     """Represent an import in a module
 
     `readonly` attribute controls whether this import can be changed
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def accept(self, visitor):
         return visitor.dispatch(self)
 
 
-class ImportInfo(object):
+class ImportInfo:
     def get_imported_primaries(self, context):
         pass
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ def get_imported_primaries(self, context):
         return []
 
 
-class ImportContext(object):
+class ImportContext:
     def __init__(self, project, folder):
         self.project = project
         self.folder = folder
diff --git a/rope/refactor/importutils/module_imports.py b/rope/refactor/importutils/module_imports.py
index e4f7febed..818664a0a 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/importutils/module_imports.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/importutils/module_imports.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from rope.refactor.importutils import importinfo
 
 
-class ModuleImports(object):
+class ModuleImports:
     def __init__(self, project, pymodule, import_filter=None):
         self.project = project
         self.pymodule = pymodule
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ def _first_import_line(self):
     def _get_import_name(self, import_stmt):
         import_info = import_stmt.import_info
         if hasattr(import_info, "module_name"):
-            return "%s.%s" % (
+            return "{}.{}".format(
                 import_info.module_name,
                 import_info.names_and_aliases[0][0],
             )
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ def _count_blank_lines(get_line, start, end, step=1):
     return count
 
 
-class _OneTimeSelector(object):
+class _OneTimeSelector:
     def __init__(self, names):
         self.names = names
         self.selected_names = set()
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ def _can_name_be_added(self, imported_primary):
         return False
 
 
-class _UnboundNameFinder(object):
+class _UnboundNameFinder:
     def __init__(self, pyobject):
         self.pyobject = pyobject
 
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ def add_unbound(self, name):
 
 class _GlobalUnboundNameFinder(_UnboundNameFinder):
     def __init__(self, pymodule, wanted_pyobject):
-        super(_GlobalUnboundNameFinder, self).__init__(pymodule)
+        super().__init__(pymodule)
         self.unbound = set()
         self.names = set()
         for name, pyname in pymodule._get_structural_attributes().items():
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ def _is_node_interesting(self, node):
 
 class _LocalUnboundNameFinder(_UnboundNameFinder):
     def __init__(self, pyobject, parent):
-        super(_LocalUnboundNameFinder, self).__init__(pyobject)
+        super().__init__(pyobject)
         self.parent = parent
 
     def _get_root(self):
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ def add_unbound(self, name):
         self.parent.add_unbound(name)
 
 
-class _GlobalImportFinder(object):
+class _GlobalImportFinder:
     def __init__(self, pymodule):
         self.current_folder = None
         if pymodule.get_resource():
diff --git a/rope/refactor/inline.py b/rope/refactor/inline.py
index d7f272eaf..a7bb612b4 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/inline.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/inline.py
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def create_inline(project, resource, offset):
         raise rope.base.exceptions.RefactoringError(message)
 
 
-class _Inliner(object):
+class _Inliner:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
         self.project = project
         self.pyname = _get_pyname(project, resource, offset)
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def get_kind(self):
 
 class InlineMethod(_Inliner):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
-        super(InlineMethod, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwds)
         self.pyfunction = self.pyname.get_object()
         self.pymodule = self.pyfunction.get_module()
         self.resource = self.pyfunction.get_module().get_resource()
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ def get_kind(self):
 
 class InlineVariable(_Inliner):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
-        super(InlineVariable, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwds)
         self.pymodule = self.pyname.get_definition_location()[0]
         self.resource = self.pymodule.get_resource()
         self._check_exceptional_conditions()
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ def get_kind(self):
 
 class InlineParameter(_Inliner):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
-        super(InlineParameter, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwds)
         resource, offset = self._function_location()
         index = self.pyname.index
         self.changers = [change_signature.ArgumentDefaultInliner(index)]
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ def _join_lines(lines):
     return joined
 
 
-class _DefinitionGenerator(object):
+class _DefinitionGenerator:
     unique_prefix = unique_prefix()
 
     def __init__(self, project, pyfunction, body=None):
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ def named_pattern(name, list_):
         return cls._return_pattern
 
 
-class _InlineFunctionCallsForModuleHandle(object):
+class _InlineFunctionCallsForModuleHandle:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, definition_generator, aim_offset=None):
         """Inlines occurrences
 
diff --git a/rope/refactor/introduce_factory.py b/rope/refactor/introduce_factory.py
index 58ff31435..5f936bf62 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/introduce_factory.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/introduce_factory.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import rename, occurrences, sourceutils, importutils
 
 
-class IntroduceFactory(object):
+class IntroduceFactory:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
         self.project = project
         self.offset = offset
@@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ def _get_factory_method(self, lines, class_scope, factory_name, global_):
                 raise rope.base.exceptions.RefactoringError(
                     "Cannot make global factory method for nested classes."
                 )
-            return "\ndef %s(*args, **kwds):\n%sreturn %s(*args, **kwds)\n" % (
+            return "\ndef {}(*args, **kwds):\n{}return {}(*args, **kwds)\n".format(
                 factory_name,
                 unit_indents,
                 self.old_name,
             )
         unindented_factory = (
             "@staticmethod\ndef %s(*args, **kwds):\n" % factory_name
-            + "%sreturn %s(*args, **kwds)\n" % (unit_indents, self.old_name)
+            + "{}return {}(*args, **kwds)\n".format(unit_indents, self.old_name)
         )
         indents = self._get_scope_indents(lines, class_scope) + sourceutils.get_indent(
             self.project
diff --git a/rope/refactor/introduce_parameter.py b/rope/refactor/introduce_parameter.py
index 464b7f51d..5f1446c40 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/introduce_parameter.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/introduce_parameter.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import functionutils, sourceutils, occurrences
 
 
-class IntroduceParameter(object):
+class IntroduceParameter:
     """Introduce parameter refactoring
 
     This refactoring adds a new parameter to a function and replaces
diff --git a/rope/refactor/localtofield.py b/rope/refactor/localtofield.py
index 15057e39a..d9f17267a 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/localtofield.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/localtofield.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from rope.refactor.rename import Rename
 
 
-class LocalToField(object):
+class LocalToField:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
         self.project = project
         self.resource = resource
diff --git a/rope/refactor/method_object.py b/rope/refactor/method_object.py
index d65d3b135..7967f873f 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/method_object.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/method_object.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import sourceutils, occurrences, rename
 
 
-class MethodObject(object):
+class MethodObject:
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
         self.project = project
         this_pymodule = self.project.get_pymodule(resource)
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def get_new_class(self, name):
         body = sourceutils.fix_indentation(
             self._get_body(), sourceutils.get_indent(self.project) * 2
         )
-        return "class %s(object):\n\n%s%sdef __call__(self):\n%s" % (
+        return "class {}(object):\n\n{}{}def __call__(self):\n{}".format(
             name,
             self._get_init(),
             " " * sourceutils.get_indent(self.project),
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def get_changes(self, classname=None, new_class_name=None):
         indents = sourceutils.get_indents(
             self.pymodule.lines, self.pyfunction.get_scope().get_start()
         ) + sourceutils.get_indent(self.project)
-        new_contents = " " * indents + "return %s(%s)()\n" % (
+        new_contents = " " * indents + "return {}({})()\n".format(
             classname,
             ", ".join(self._get_parameter_names()),
         )
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ def _get_init(self):
             if arg == "self":
                 new_name = "host"
             header += ", %s" % new_name
-            body += indents * 2 + "self.%s = %s\n" % (arg, new_name)
+            body += indents * 2 + "self.{} = {}\n".format(arg, new_name)
         header += "):"
-        return "%s\n%s\n" % (header, body)
+        return "{}\n{}\n".format(header, body)
 
     def _get_parameter_names(self):
         return self.pyfunction.get_param_names()
diff --git a/rope/refactor/move.py b/rope/refactor/move.py
index 97494eab8..84fb3d3bf 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/move.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/move.py
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def create_move(project, resource, offset=None):
     )
 
 
-class MoveMethod(object):
+class MoveMethod:
     """For moving methods
 
     It makes a new method in the destination class and changes
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def _get_used_imports(self, import_tools):
     def _get_changes_made_by_old_class(self, dest_attr, new_name):
         pymodule = self.pyfunction.get_module()
         indents = self._get_scope_indents(self.pyfunction)
-        body = "return self.%s.%s(%s)\n" % (
+        body = "return self.{}.{}({})\n".format(
             dest_attr,
             new_name,
             self._get_passed_arguments_string(),
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ def _get_changes_made_by_new_class(self, dest_attr, new_name):
         return resource, start, end, body
 
     def get_new_method(self, name):
-        return "%s\n%s" % (
+        return "{}\n{}".format(
             self._get_new_header(name),
             sourceutils.fix_indentation(
                 self._get_body(), sourceutils.get_indent(self.project)
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ def _is_host_used(self):
         return self._get_body("__old_self") != self._get_unchanged_body()
 
 
-class MoveGlobal(object):
+class MoveGlobal:
     """For moving global function and classes"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ def _add_imports2(self, pymodule, new_imports):
             return pymodule, True
 
 
-class MoveModule(object):
+class MoveModule:
     """For moving modules and packages"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, resource):
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ def _handle_moving_in_from_import_stmt(
         return changed
 
 
-class _ChangeMoveOccurrencesHandle(object):
+class _ChangeMoveOccurrencesHandle:
     def __init__(self, new_name):
         self.new_name = new_name
         self.occurred = False
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ def occurred_outside_skip(self, change_collector, occurrence):
         self.occurred = True
 
 
-class _MoveTools(object):
+class _MoveTools:
     def __init__(self, project, source, pyname, old_name):
         self.project = project
         self.source = source
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ def remove_old_imports(self, pymodule):
         old_source = pymodule.source_code
         module_with_imports = self.import_tools.module_imports(pymodule)
 
-        class CanSelect(object):
+        class CanSelect:
             changed = False
             old_name = self.old_name
             old_pyname = self.old_pyname
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ def moving_code_with_imports(project, resource, source):
     return moving, imports
 
 
-class ModuleSkipRenamerHandle(object):
+class ModuleSkipRenamerHandle:
     def occurred_outside_skip(self, change_collector, occurrence):
         pass
 
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ def occurred_inside_skip(self, change_collector, occurrence):
         pass
 
 
-class ModuleSkipRenamer(object):
+class ModuleSkipRenamer:
     """Rename occurrences in a module
 
     This class can be used when you want to treat a region in a file
diff --git a/rope/refactor/multiproject.py b/rope/refactor/multiproject.py
index 0be744eab..a13625dfa 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/multiproject.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/multiproject.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 from rope.base import resources, libutils
 
 
-class MultiProjectRefactoring(object):
+class MultiProjectRefactoring:
     def __init__(self, refactoring, projects, addpath=True):
         """Create a multiproject proxy for the main refactoring
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def __call__(self, project, *args, **kwds):
         )
 
 
-class _MultiRefactoring(object):
+class _MultiRefactoring:
     def __init__(self, refactoring, other_projects, addpath, project, *args, **kwds):
         self.refactoring = refactoring
         self.projects = [project] + other_projects
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ def __getattr__(self, name):
 
     def _resources_for_args(self, project, args, kwds):
         newargs = [self._change_project_resource(project, arg) for arg in args]
-        newkwds = dict(
-            (name, self._change_project_resource(project, value))
+        newkwds = {
+            name: self._change_project_resource(project, value)
             for name, value in kwds.items()
-        )
+        }
         return newargs, newkwds
 
     def _change_project_resource(self, project, obj):
diff --git a/rope/refactor/occurrences.py b/rope/refactor/occurrences.py
index e61819169..de71cb628 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/occurrences.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/occurrences.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 from rope.base import worder
 
 
-class Finder(object):
+class Finder:
     """For finding occurrences of a name
 
     The constructor takes a `filters` argument.  It should be a list
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def create_finder(
     considered.
 
     """
-    pynames_ = set([pyname])
+    pynames_ = {pyname}
     filters = []
     if only_calls:
         filters.append(CallsFilter())
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ def create_finder(
     return Finder(project, name, filters=filters, docs=docs)
 
 
-class Occurrence(object):
+class Occurrence:
     def __init__(self, tools, offset):
         self.tools = tools
         self.offset = offset
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def unsure_pyname(pyname, unbound=True):
         return True
 
 
-class PyNameFilter(object):
+class PyNameFilter:
     """For finding occurrences of a name."""
 
     def __init__(self, pyname):
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ def __call__(self, occurrence):
             return True
 
 
-class InHierarchyFilter(object):
+class InHierarchyFilter:
     """Finds the occurrence if the name is in the class's hierarchy."""
 
     def __init__(self, pyname, implementations_only=False):
@@ -256,17 +256,17 @@ def _get_containing_class(self, pyname):
 
     def _get_root_classes(self, pyclass, name):
         if self.impl_only and pyclass == self.pyclass:
-            return set([pyclass])
+            return {pyclass}
         result = set()
         for superclass in pyclass.get_superclasses():
             if name in superclass:
                 result.update(self._get_root_classes(superclass, name))
         if not result:
-            return set([pyclass])
+            return {pyclass}
         return result
 
 
-class UnsureFilter(object):
+class UnsureFilter:
     """Occurrences where we don't knoow what the name references."""
 
     def __init__(self, unsure):
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ def __call__(self, occurrence):
             return True
 
 
-class NoImportsFilter(object):
+class NoImportsFilter:
     """Don't include import statements as occurrences."""
 
     def __call__(self, occurrence):
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ def __call__(self, occurrence):
             return False
 
 
-class CallsFilter(object):
+class CallsFilter:
     """Filter out non-call occurrences."""
 
     def __call__(self, occurrence):
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ def __call__(self, occurrence):
             return False
 
 
-class NoKeywordsFilter(object):
+class NoKeywordsFilter:
     """Filter out keyword parameters."""
 
     def __call__(self, occurrence):
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ def __call__(self, occurrence):
             return False
 
 
-class _TextualFinder(object):
+class _TextualFinder:
     def __init__(self, name, docs=False):
         self.name = name
         self.docs = docs
@@ -321,8 +321,7 @@ def find_offsets(self, source):
             searcher = self._normal_search
         else:
             searcher = self._re_search
-        for matched in searcher(source):
-            yield matched
+        yield from searcher(source)
 
     def _re_search(self, source):
         for match in self.pattern.finditer(source):
@@ -386,7 +385,7 @@ def any(name, list_):
         return "(?P<%s>" % name + "|".join(list_) + ")"
 
 
-class _OccurrenceToolsCreator(object):
+class _OccurrenceToolsCreator:
     def __init__(self, project, resource=None, pymodule=None, docs=False):
         self.project = project
         self.__resource = resource
diff --git a/rope/refactor/patchedast.py b/rope/refactor/patchedast.py
index 147cd308e..8820af917 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/patchedast.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/patchedast.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class MismatchedTokenError(exceptions.RopeError):
     pass
 
 
-class _PatchingASTWalker(object):
+class _PatchingASTWalker:
     def __init__(self, source, children=False):
         self.source = _Source(source)
         self.children = children
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@ def _MatchValue(self, node):
         self._handle(node, [node.value])
 
 
-class _Source(object):
+class _Source:
     def __init__(self, source):
         self.source = source
         self.offset = 0
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ def consume(self, token, skip_comment=True):
                     self._skip_comment()
         except (ValueError, TypeError) as e:
             raise MismatchedTokenError(
-                "Token <%s> at %s cannot be matched" % (token, self._get_location())
+                "Token <{}> at {} cannot be matched".format(token, self._get_location())
             )
         self.offset = new_offset + len(token)
         return (new_offset, self.offset)
@@ -985,8 +985,8 @@ def consume_string(self, end=None):
         if _Source._string_pattern is None:
             string_pattern = codeanalyze.get_string_pattern()
             formatted_string_pattern = codeanalyze.get_formatted_string_pattern()
-            original = r"(?:%s)|(?:%s)" % (string_pattern, formatted_string_pattern)
-            pattern = r"(%s)((\s|\\\n|#[^\n]*\n)*(%s))*" % (original, original)
+            original = r"(?:{})|(?:{})".format(string_pattern, formatted_string_pattern)
+            pattern = r"({})((\s|\\\n|#[^\n]*\n)*({}))*".format(original, original)
             _Source._string_pattern = re.compile(pattern)
         repattern = _Source._string_pattern
         return self._consume_pattern(repattern, end)
diff --git a/rope/refactor/rename.py b/rope/refactor/rename.py
index 61638c3ad..31ae3827e 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/rename.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/rename.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import occurrences
 
 
-class Rename(object):
+class Rename:
     """A class for performing rename refactoring
 
     It can rename everything: classes, functions, modules, packages,
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def unsure_func(value=unsure):
             resources = [self.resource]
         if resources is None:
             resources = self.project.get_python_files()
-        changes = ChangeSet("Renaming <%s> to <%s>" % (self.old_name, new_name))
+        changes = ChangeSet("Renaming <{}> to <{}>".format(self.old_name, new_name))
         finder = occurrences.create_finder(
             self.project,
             self.old_name,
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ def _rename_module(self, resource, new_name, changes):
         changes.add_change(MoveResource(resource, new_location))
 
 
-class ChangeOccurrences(object):
+class ChangeOccurrences:
     """A class for changing the occurrences of a name in a scope
 
     This class replaces the occurrences of a name.  Note that it only
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ def _get_scope_offset(self):
 
     def get_changes(self, new_name, only_calls=False, reads=True, writes=True):
         changes = ChangeSet(
-            "Changing <%s> occurrences to <%s>" % (self.old_name, new_name)
+            "Changing <{}> occurrences to <{}>".format(self.old_name, new_name)
         )
         scope_start, scope_end = self._get_scope_offset()
         finder = occurrences.create_finder(
diff --git a/rope/refactor/restructure.py b/rope/refactor/restructure.py
index e65a9b464..d4d07dd74 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/restructure.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/restructure.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from rope.refactor.importutils import module_imports
 
 
-class Restructure(object):
+class Restructure:
     """A class to perform python restructurings
 
     A restructuring transforms pieces of code matching `pattern` to
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ def get_changes(
             )
             self.imports = imports
         changes = change.ChangeSet(
-            "Restructuring <%s> to <%s>" % (self.pattern, self.goal)
+            "Restructuring <{}> to <{}>".format(self.pattern, self.goal)
         )
         if resources is not None:
             files = [
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ def _evaluate(self, code, is_pyname=True):
         pyname = None
         if attributes[0] in ("__builtin__", "__builtins__"):
 
-            class _BuiltinsStub(object):
+            class _BuiltinsStub:
                 def get_attribute(self, name):
                     return builtins.builtins[name]
 
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ def replace(code, pattern, goal):
     return result
 
 
-class _ChangeComputer(object):
+class _ChangeComputer:
     def __init__(self, code, ast, lines, goal, matches):
         self.source = code
         self.goal = goal
diff --git a/rope/refactor/similarfinder.py b/rope/refactor/similarfinder.py
index 302fcd927..5bc042587 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/similarfinder.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/similarfinder.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class BadNameInCheckError(exceptions.RefactoringError):
     pass
 
 
-class SimilarFinder(object):
+class SimilarFinder:
     """`SimilarFinder` can be used to find similar pieces of code
 
     See the notes in the `rope.refactor.restructure` module for more
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def _does_match(self, node, name):
         return self.wildcards[kind].matches(suspect, arg)
 
 
-class RawSimilarFinder(object):
+class RawSimilarFinder:
     """A class for finding similar expressions and statements"""
 
     def __init__(self, source, node=None, does_match=None):
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ def _replace_wildcards(self, expression):
         return template.substitute(mapping)
 
 
-class _ASTMatcher(object):
+class _ASTMatcher:
     def __init__(self, body, pattern, does_match):
         """Searches the given pattern in the body AST.
 
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ def _match_wildcard(self, node1, node2, mapping):
             return self._match_nodes(mapping[name], node2, {})
 
 
-class Match(object):
+class Match:
     def __init__(self, mapping):
         self.mapping = mapping
 
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ def get_ast(self, name):
 
 class ExpressionMatch(Match):
     def __init__(self, ast, mapping):
-        super(ExpressionMatch, self).__init__(mapping)
+        super().__init__(mapping)
         self.ast = ast
 
     def get_region(self):
@@ -256,14 +256,14 @@ def get_region(self):
 
 class StatementMatch(Match):
     def __init__(self, ast_list, mapping):
-        super(StatementMatch, self).__init__(mapping)
+        super().__init__(mapping)
         self.ast_list = ast_list
 
     def get_region(self):
         return self.ast_list[0].region[0], self.ast_list[-1].region[1]
 
 
-class CodeTemplate(object):
+class CodeTemplate:
     def __init__(self, template):
         self.template = template
         self._find_names()
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ def _get_pattern(cls):
         return cls._match_pattern
 
 
-class _RopeVariable(object):
+class _RopeVariable:
     """Transform and identify rope inserted wildcards"""
 
     _normal_prefix = "__rope__variable_normal_"
diff --git a/rope/refactor/suites.py b/rope/refactor/suites.py
index cf8c12635..31b6b16cf 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/suites.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/suites.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def ast_suite_tree(node):
     return Suite(node.body, lineno)
 
 
-class Suite(object):
+class Suite:
     def __init__(self, child_nodes, lineno, parent=None, ignored=False):
         self.parent = parent
         self.lineno = lineno
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ def _get_level(self):
         return self.parent._get_level() + 1
 
 
-class _SuiteWalker(object):
+class _SuiteWalker:
     def __init__(self, suite):
         self.suite = suite
         self.suites = []
diff --git a/rope/refactor/topackage.py b/rope/refactor/topackage.py
index 54efee48c..1ef1ad372 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/topackage.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/topackage.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from rope.base.change import ChangeSet, ChangeContents, MoveResource, CreateFolder
 
 
-class ModuleToPackage(object):
+class ModuleToPackage:
     def __init__(self, project, resource):
         self.project = project
         self.resource = resource
diff --git a/rope/refactor/usefunction.py b/rope/refactor/usefunction.py
index b54661124..e17130227 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/usefunction.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/usefunction.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import restructure, sourceutils, similarfinder
 
 
-class UseFunction(object):
+class UseFunction:
     """Try to use a function wherever possible"""
 
     def __init__(self, project, resource, offset):
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def _make_pattern(self):
             if self._is_expression():
                 replacement = "${%s}" % self._rope_returned
             else:
-                replacement = "%s = ${%s}" % (self._rope_result, self._rope_returned)
+                replacement = "{} = ${{{}}}".format(self._rope_result, self._rope_returned)
             body = restructure.replace(
                 body, "return ${%s}" % self._rope_returned, replacement
             )
@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ def _make_goal(self, import_=False):
         function_name = self.pyfunction.get_name()
         if import_:
             function_name = self._module_name() + "." + function_name
-        goal = "%s(%s)" % (function_name, ", ".join(("${%s}" % p) for p in params))
+        goal = "{}({})".format(function_name, ", ".join(("${%s}" % p) for p in params))
         if self._does_return() and not self._is_expression():
-            goal = "${%s} = %s" % (self._rope_result, goal)
+            goal = "${{{}}} = {}".format(self._rope_result, goal)
         return goal
 
     def _does_return(self):
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def _named_expr_count(node):
     return visitor.named_expression
 
 
-class _ReturnOrYieldFinder(object):
+class _ReturnOrYieldFinder:
     def __init__(self):
         self.returns = 0
         self.named_expression = 0
diff --git a/rope/refactor/wildcards.py b/rope/refactor/wildcards.py
index 09fa04ebd..5d7260dfc 100644
--- a/rope/refactor/wildcards.py
+++ b/rope/refactor/wildcards.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from rope.refactor import patchedast, occurrences
 
 
-class Wildcard(object):
+class Wildcard:
     def get_name(self):
         """Return the name of this wildcard"""
 
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ def matches(self, suspect, arg):
         """Return `True` if `suspect` matches this wildcard"""
 
 
-class Suspect(object):
+class Suspect:
     def __init__(self, pymodule, node, name):
         self.name = name
         self.pymodule = pymodule
         self.node = node
 
 
-class DefaultWildcard(object):
+class DefaultWildcard:
     """The default restructuring wildcard
 
     The argument passed to this wildcard is in the
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def parse_arg(arg):
     return result
 
 
-class _CheckObject(object):
+class _CheckObject:
     def __init__(self, project, expected, kind="object", unsure=False):
         self.project = project
         self.kind = kind
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def _evaluate(self, code):
         pyname = None
         if attributes[0] in ("__builtin__", "__builtins__"):
 
-            class _BuiltinsStub(object):
+            class _BuiltinsStub:
                 def get_attribute(self, name):
                     return builtins.builtins[name]