implement open_nursery with explicit context manager #612

belm0 · 2018-08-18T15:28:51Z

avoid use of @asynccontextmanager and @async_generator since they cause bugs as well as extraneous exception stack frames

TODO:

address 2 failing tests (need some assistance!)
address missing code coverage (test if new_exc is exc case)
confirm impact on exception frame count (Better ergonomics for exceptions #56)
confirm fixes In some obscure cases, StopIteration exceptions can be turned into RuntimeErrors when passing through nurseries #229 and fixes Nurseries cannot propagate StopAsyncIteration exceptions #393
newsfragment

belm0 · 2018-08-18T16:15:41Z

~~I suspect we're lacking tests for open_nursery with a non-BaseException. When I fiddle with that case in the code it doesn't affect test output.~~

njsmith

Haven't looked at the tests yet because I'm on my phone, but two quick comments I noticed.

njsmith · 2018-08-18T19:18:27Z

trio/_core/_run.py

-#
-# def open_nursery():
-#     return NurseryManager()
+        nested_child_exc = exc if isinstance(exc, BaseException) else None


This line is equivalent to nested_child_exc = exc :-). The context manager protocol says that exc can be either an exception object, or None. And all exception objects are instances of BaseException, by definition.

njsmith · 2018-08-18T19:21:26Z

trio/_core/_run.py

+    def __enter__(self):
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "use 'async with {func_name}(...)', not 'with {func_name}(...)'".
+            format(func_name=self._wrapper_func_name)


The wrapper func name is always open_nursery, so it can be hard coded here.

belm0 · 2018-08-19T02:05:03Z

Regarding the two failing tests, it's clearly regarding the case of nursery being cancelled before a start task can respond with started(), but I don't understand the trio machinery well enough for the fix to be obvious. My observations:

in both cases, Nursery _nested_child_finished() is throwing a MultiError of all Cancelled, and the cancel scope __exit__ proceeds with propagating the exception (i.e. returns False).
it doesn't appear sufficient to test for this case and suppress the exception within NurseryManager, as it causes several other test failures

My tentative conclusion is that this can't be solved in NurseryManager; rather Nursery is needing some extra logic.

update: has something to do with the system nursery's entry_queue. The entry_queue.spawn() task also raises Cancelled for the case in question, and the cancel scope appears to not be properly suppressing the exception

--> exc._scope is self trickery in CancelScope's MultiError filter is implicated

njsmith · 2018-08-19T23:54:16Z

Just pushed a fix. How I tracked it down:

I looked at the two failing tests. The one testing start is super complicated (and start itself is ... kind of a mess, honestly), but the test_serve_tcp is simpler so I focused on it. If you look at the traceback in the pytest logs, it's this weird Cancelled exception that shouldn't be escaping – it should be getting caught by the NurseryManager. And while this test does involve a background task and start... the traceback for the stray exception shows it starting out in the main task. The things that show up are:

async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
    async with stream:
        nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
    # The dedent here exits the 'async with stream' block, which calls 'await stream.aclose()'
    # This call raises 'Cancelled' (as it should, since we just cancelled the surrounding scope).
    # And then this exception escapes the nursery block, which is the bug.

So I tried writing a minimal version of this:

import trio

async def main():
    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
        nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
        await trio.sleep(0)

trio.run(main)

and indeed, this crashes the same way. So now we have a minimal reproducer.

I still had absolutely no idea what was going on though. How come this Cancelled exception wasn't being caught by the cancel scope? So next I stuck a pdb breakpoint at the top of NurseryManager.__aexit__, and started single-stepping. I checked that the exception was actually being passed into __aexit__, and the exc._scope matched nursery.cancel_scope, so it should be caught by the cancel scope... I eventually stepped into the MultiError.catch call inside open_cancel_scope... and discovered that it actually did catch the exception correctly. So... somehow the exception is later being magically resurrected out of nowhere?

So I squinted hard at NurseryManager.__aexit__ again, trying to figure out which path it would take: if self._scope_manager.__exit__ actually is catching the exception... then it should be returning True, to suppress it... and so the if not should not be taken so... then we fall through and return None, which tells Python to let the original exception keep propagating, which in this case... oh yeah, that's our resurrected exception, duh.

codecov · 2018-08-19T23:56:17Z

Codecov Report

Merging #612 into master will increase coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is 100%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #612      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   99.31%   99.33%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          91       91              
  Lines       10800    11073     +273     
  Branches      751      816      +65     
==========================================
+ Hits        10726    10999     +273     
  Misses         56       56              
  Partials       18       18

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
trio/_core/tests/test_run.py	`100% <100%> (ø)`	⬆️
trio/_core/_run.py	`100% <100%> (ø)`	⬆️
trio/_core/_traps.py	`100% <0%> (ø)`	⬆️
trio/_core/_parking_lot.py	`100% <0%> (ø)`	⬆️

Continue to review full report at Codecov.

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belm0 · 2018-08-20T02:05:35Z

@njsmith thank for the fix and debug tips! I lost most of a day on this-- yes unfortunately dug into the more complex of the two failing tests.

How important is it to not explicitly re-raise if _nested_child_finished() throws the original exception? That case is missing test coverage: https://codecov.io/gh/python-trio/trio/pull/612/diff?src=pr&el=tree#D1-316. Would be nice to remove if new_exc is exc if possible.

njsmith · 2018-08-20T03:22:12Z

@belm0

How important is it to not explicitly re-raise if _nested_child_finished() throws the original exception?

I'm actually not sure. I stole this from the implementation of @contextmanager, which carefully does the same if new_exc is exc check... I guess you could try it and see if anything different happens? Does it affect the traceback you get?

I suppose it would be easy to write a test that hits that branch, just something like:

with pytest.raises(KeyError):
    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
        raise KeyError()

Maybe we should do that anyway...

njsmith · 2018-08-20T05:34:49Z

Did a little experiment:

class CM:
    def __enter__(self):
        pass

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb):
        # <insert code here>

with CM():
    raise KeyError

When __exit__ is return False:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/tmp/asdf.py", line 9, in <module>
    raise KeyError
KeyError

When __exit__ is raise exc_value:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/tmp/asdf.py", line 9, in <module>
    raise KeyError
  File "/tmp/asdf.py", line 6, in __exit__
    raise v
  File "/tmp/asdf.py", line 9, in <module>
    raise KeyError
KeyError

When __exit__ is bare raise:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/tmp/asdf.py", line 9, in <module>
    raise KeyError
  File "/tmp/asdf.py", line 9, in <module>
    raise KeyError
KeyError

So raise saves a traceback frame compared to raise exc_value, but return False gives an even shorter traceback.

I suppose the next step in reducing traceback clutter will be to refactor NurseryManager.__aexit__ friends so that it calls so that we use raise as little as possible... the obvious step would be to make _nested_child_finished return the collected exception instead of raising it.

belm0 · 2018-08-20T12:54:40Z

@njsmith hitting that if new_exc is exc path isn't straightforward. ~~An explicit exception from the nursery block will get combined with Cancelled into a MultiError, so it would never match the original exception.~~

Actually the exception comes from the cancel scope __exit__ itself and is uncaught, so we never get to the if new_exc is exc test.

belm0 · 2018-08-20T13:34:41Z

@njsmith So we can put an additional try-catch on the cancel scope __exit__() call, and test for match to original exception. That saves about 8 frames in your KeyError example.

njsmith · 2018-08-21T05:14:42Z

Okay, yeah, I see it. Wow, this is complicated. It's looking like #607 will involve refactoring cancel scope entry/exit to use the context manager protocol instead of @contextmanager; maybe when we do that we can also replace the use of MultiError.catch and make the whole nursery __aexit__ path raise-free, and that should simplify things enormously. But for now this looks like a good first step... what else do you want to do before merging? I see you have a few boxes unticked still... and also, you should add a newsfragment to boast about your work :-). (And how big is the impact anyway? want to post some before/afters in this thread?)

belm0 · 2018-08-21T12:35:00Z

Before/after using the same trace I referenced in #56 (comment)

As a user I'd much prefer the general eliding I posted there, though I understand that this work clears some other bugs.

Before (39 frames):

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "demo.py", line 58, in <module>
    test_multiplexer_with_error()
  File "demo.py", line 55, in test_multiplexer_with_error
    trio.run(runner2)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1277, in run
    return result.unwrap()
  File "/.../site-packages/outcome/_sync.py", line 107, in unwrap
    raise self.error
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1387, in run_impl
    msg = task.context.run(task.coro.send, next_send)
  File "/.../site-packages/contextvars/__init__.py", line 38, in run
    return callable(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 970, in init
    self.entry_queue.spawn()
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_util.py", line 42, in __aexit__
    await self._agen.asend(None)
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_impl.py", line 366, in step
    return await ANextIter(self._it, start_fn, *args)
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_impl.py", line 202, in send
    return self._invoke(self._it.send, value)
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_impl.py", line 209, in _invoke
    result = fn(*args)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 317, in open_nursery
    await nursery._nested_child_finished(nested_child_exc)
  File "/.../contextlib.py", line 99, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 202, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_multierror.py", line 144, in __exit__
    raise filtered_exc
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 202, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 317, in open_nursery
    await nursery._nested_child_finished(nested_child_exc)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 428, in _nested_child_finished
    raise MultiError(self._pending_excs)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1387, in run_impl
    msg = task.context.run(task.coro.send, next_send)
  File "/.../site-packages/contextvars/__init__.py", line 38, in run
    return callable(*args, **kwargs)
  File "demo.py", line 52, in runner2
    nursery.start_soon(writer2, mx, (7,9))
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_util.py", line 42, in __aexit__
    await self._agen.asend(None)
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_impl.py", line 366, in step
    return await ANextIter(self._it, start_fn, *args)
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_impl.py", line 202, in send
    return self._invoke(self._it.send, value)
  File "/.../site-packages/async_generator/_impl.py", line 209, in _invoke
    result = fn(*args)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 317, in open_nursery
    await nursery._nested_child_finished(nested_child_exc)
  File "/.../contextlib.py", line 99, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 202, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_multierror.py", line 144, in __exit__
    raise filtered_exc
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 202, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 317, in open_nursery
    await nursery._nested_child_finished(nested_child_exc)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 428, in _nested_child_finished
    raise MultiError(self._pending_excs)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1387, in run_impl
    msg = task.context.run(task.coro.send, next_send)
  File "/.../site-packages/contextvars/__init__.py", line 38, in run
    return callable(*args, **kwargs)
  File "demo.py", line 15, in reader
    raise e
  File "demo.py", line 9, in reader
    value = await mx[key]
  File "multiplexer.py", line 41, in __getitem__
    value = await trio.hazmat.wait_task_rescheduled(abort_fn)
  File "/.../site-packages/trio/_core/_traps.py", line 159, in wait_task_rescheduled
    return (await _async_yield(WaitTaskRescheduled(abort_func))).unwrap()
  File "/.../site-packages/outcome/_sync.py", line 107, in unwrap
    raise self.error
Exception: Ka-Boom!

After (31 frames, -8):

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "demo.py", line 58, in <module>
    test_multiplexer_with_error()
  File "demo.py", line 55, in test_multiplexer_with_error
    trio.run(runner2)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1264, in run
    return result.unwrap()
  File "/.../site-packages/outcome/_sync.py", line 107, in unwrap
    raise self.error
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1374, in run_impl
    msg = task.context.run(task.coro.send, next_send)
  File "/.../site-packages/contextvars/__init__.py", line 38, in run
    return callable(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 957, in init
    self.entry_queue.spawn()
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 313, in __aexit__
    type(new_exc), new_exc, new_exc.__traceback__
  File "/.../contextlib.py", line 99, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 200, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_multierror.py", line 144, in __exit__
    raise filtered_exc
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 200, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 309, in __aexit__
    await self._nursery._nested_child_finished(exc)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 415, in _nested_child_finished
    raise MultiError(self._pending_excs)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1374, in run_impl
    msg = task.context.run(task.coro.send, next_send)
  File "/.../site-packages/contextvars/__init__.py", line 38, in run
    return callable(*args, **kwargs)
  File "demo.py", line 52, in runner2
    nursery.start_soon(writer2, mx, (7,9))
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 313, in __aexit__
    type(new_exc), new_exc, new_exc.__traceback__
  File "/.../contextlib.py", line 99, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 200, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_multierror.py", line 144, in __exit__
    raise filtered_exc
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 200, in open_cancel_scope
    yield scope
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 309, in __aexit__
    await self._nursery._nested_child_finished(exc)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 415, in _nested_child_finished
    raise MultiError(self._pending_excs)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_run.py", line 1374, in run_impl
    msg = task.context.run(task.coro.send, next_send)
  File "/.../site-packages/contextvars/__init__.py", line 38, in run
    return callable(*args, **kwargs)
  File "demo.py", line 15, in reader
    raise e
  File "demo.py", line 9, in reader
    value = await mx[key]
  File "multiplexer.py", line 41, in __getitem__
    value = await trio.hazmat.wait_task_rescheduled(abort_fn)
  File "/.../site_packages/trio/_core/_traps.py", line 159, in wait_task_rescheduled
    return (await _async_yield(WaitTaskRescheduled(abort_func))).unwrap()
  File "/.../site-packages/outcome/_sync.py", line 107, in unwrap
    raise self.error
Exception: Ka-Boom!

belm0 · 2018-08-21T14:29:30Z

@njsmith ready to go I think
I included the whole async_zip example as a test, I'm sure it could be distilled.

Let me know if you'd use merge, squash, or rebase in this case.

njsmith · 2018-08-22T03:04:39Z

Let me know if you'd use merge, squash, or rebase in this case.

I'm usually lazy and just merge...

ready to go I think

I agree! Let's do this.

thejohnfreeman · 2018-10-02T03:38:30Z

Just wanted to respond to a comment above:

So raise saves a traceback frame compared to raise exc_value [in __exit__], but return False gives an even shorter traceback.

This made me go back and read some documentation on __exit__ to see if they mention any aspect of its behavior with regards to exceptions, and I found this:

Note that __exit__() methods should not reraise the passed-in exception; this is the caller’s responsibility.

I hope this is helpful.

belm0 requested review from smurfix and njsmith August 18, 2018 15:28

njsmith reviewed Aug 18, 2018

View reviewed changes

belm0 force-pushed the nursery_context_manager branch from 53e935b to 0bc12ef Compare August 19, 2018 00:21

implement open_nursery with explicit context manager

0bc12ef

Well, that was obscure

2c12889

Flip the branches of an 'if' to make the flow more clear

292516d

formatting

f38a50b

njsmith mentioned this pull request Aug 20, 2018

Better ergonomics for exceptions #56

Closed

11 tasks

simplify trace of explicit exception in nursery scope, add test

3ce95ef

belm0 force-pushed the nursery_context_manager branch from 04ad88c to 3ce95ef Compare August 20, 2018 13:49

belm0 added 5 commits August 21, 2018 21:54

add test for StopIteration bug; document NurseryManager rationale

9ead561

add test for StopAsyncIteration bug

eaf6064

formatting and docs; fix __aiter__ compatibility of test

0fa15df

newsfragment for nursery context manager

9afcb58

code coverage

4be156d

njsmith merged commit 7f0dd7d into python-trio:master Aug 22, 2018

belm0 deleted the nursery_context_manager branch August 22, 2018 03:44

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