diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-05-30-02-01-14.gh-issue-90026.FyCXw8.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-05-30-02-01-14.gh-issue-90026.FyCXw8.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..3e32c9836f0cff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-05-30-02-01-14.gh-issue-90026.FyCXw8.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Define ``USE_XATTRS`` on Cygwin so that XATTR-related functions in the :mod:`os` module become available.
diff --git a/Modules/posixmodule.c b/Modules/posixmodule.c
index 8611f8f73aff05..45debb9845e6c2 100644
--- a/Modules/posixmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/posixmodule.c
@@ -292,9 +292,15 @@ corresponding Unix manual entries for more information on calls.");
 #  undef HAVE_SCHED_SETAFFINITY
 #endif
 
-#if defined(HAVE_SYS_XATTR_H) && defined(HAVE_LINUX_LIMITS_H) && !defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__) && !defined(__GNU__)
-#  define USE_XATTRS
-#  include <linux/limits.h>  // Needed for XATTR_SIZE_MAX on musl libc.
+#if defined(HAVE_SYS_XATTR_H)
+#  if defined(HAVE_LINUX_LIMITS_H) && !defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__) && !defined(__GNU__)
+#    define USE_XATTRS
+#    include <linux/limits.h>  // Needed for XATTR_SIZE_MAX on musl libc.
+#  endif
+#  if defined(__CYGWIN__)
+#    define USE_XATTRS
+#    include <cygwin/limits.h>  // Needed for XATTR_SIZE_MAX and XATTR_LIST_MAX.
+#  endif
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_XATTRS