From fe268f9f6d2e501296621faeca0c101ddb76d880 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Seth Michael Larson <seth@python.org>
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2025 01:16:37 -0600
Subject: [PATCH] gh-142145: Remove quadratic behavior in node ID cache
 clearing (GH-142146)

* Remove quadratic behavior in node ID cache clearing

Co-authored-by: Jacob Walls <38668450+jacobtylerwalls@users.noreply.github.com>

* Add news fragment

---------
(cherry picked from commit 08d8e18ad81cd45bc4a27d6da478b51ea49486e4)

Co-authored-by: Seth Michael Larson <seth@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Jacob Walls <38668450+jacobtylerwalls@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 Lib/test/test_minidom.py                       | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
 Lib/xml/dom/minidom.py                         |  9 +--------
 ...5-12-01-09-36-45.gh-issue-142145.tcAUhg.rst |  1 +
 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2025-12-01-09-36-45.gh-issue-142145.tcAUhg.rst

diff --git a/Lib/test/test_minidom.py b/Lib/test/test_minidom.py
index 4f25e9c2a03cb4..4fa5a4e6768b25 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_minidom.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_minidom.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import copy
 import pickle
+import time
 import io
 from test import support
 import unittest
@@ -173,6 +174,23 @@ def testAppendChild(self):
         self.assertEqual(dom.documentElement.childNodes[-1].data, "Hello")
         dom.unlink()
 
+    def testAppendChildNoQuadraticComplexity(self):
+        impl = getDOMImplementation()
+
+        newdoc = impl.createDocument(None, "some_tag", None)
+        top_element = newdoc.documentElement
+        children = [newdoc.createElement(f"child-{i}") for i in range(1, 2 ** 15 + 1)]
+        element = top_element
+
+        start = time.time()
+        for child in children:
+            element.appendChild(child)
+            element = child
+        end = time.time()
+
+        # This example used to take at least 30 seconds.
+        self.assertLess(end - start, 1)
+
     def testAppendChildFragment(self):
         dom, orig, c1, c2, c3, frag = self._create_fragment_test_nodes()
         dom.documentElement.appendChild(frag)
diff --git a/Lib/xml/dom/minidom.py b/Lib/xml/dom/minidom.py
index db51f350ea0153..0a2ccc00f1857d 100644
--- a/Lib/xml/dom/minidom.py
+++ b/Lib/xml/dom/minidom.py
@@ -292,13 +292,6 @@ def _append_child(self, node):
     childNodes.append(node)
     node.parentNode = self
 
-def _in_document(node):
-    # return True iff node is part of a document tree
-    while node is not None:
-        if node.nodeType == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
-            return True
-        node = node.parentNode
-    return False
 
 def _write_data(writer, text, attr):
     "Writes datachars to writer."
@@ -1555,7 +1548,7 @@ def _clear_id_cache(node):
     if node.nodeType == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
         node._id_cache.clear()
         node._id_search_stack = None
-    elif _in_document(node):
+    elif node.ownerDocument:
         node.ownerDocument._id_cache.clear()
         node.ownerDocument._id_search_stack= None
 
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2025-12-01-09-36-45.gh-issue-142145.tcAUhg.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2025-12-01-09-36-45.gh-issue-142145.tcAUhg.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..440bc7794c69ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2025-12-01-09-36-45.gh-issue-142145.tcAUhg.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Remove quadratic behavior in ``xml.minidom`` node ID cache clearing.