diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-08-03-17-54-32.bpo-41462.ek38d_.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-08-03-17-54-32.bpo-41462.ek38d_.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..ca5da1b17b4363d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2020-08-03-17-54-32.bpo-41462.ek38d_.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add :func:`os.set_blocking()` support for VxWorks RTOS.
diff --git a/Python/fileutils.c b/Python/fileutils.c
index 50ef3c174acc844..9cf24ab8fc14c98 100644
--- a/Python/fileutils.c
+++ b/Python/fileutils.c
@@ -2007,7 +2007,9 @@ _Py_get_blocking(int fd)
 int
 _Py_set_blocking(int fd, int blocking)
 {
-#if defined(HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H) && defined(FIONBIO)
+/* bpo-41462: On VxWorks, ioctl(FIONBIO) only works on sockets.
+   Use fcntl() instead. */
+#if defined(HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H) && defined(FIONBIO) && !defined(__VXWORKS__)
     int arg = !blocking;
     if (ioctl(fd, FIONBIO, &arg) < 0)
         goto error;