diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/convert_all.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/convert_all.py
index 5e8b3872d..6abccf626 100755
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/convert_all.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/convert_all.py
@@ -22,10 +22,21 @@
 
 import yaml
 
+# Resolve project root (confluence-mdx/) from this script's location
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent        # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                    # confluence-mdx/
+
 # Ensure bin/ is on sys.path
-_bin_dir = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent)
-if _bin_dir not in sys.path:
-    sys.path.insert(0, _bin_dir)
+if str(_SCRIPT_DIR) not in sys.path:
+    sys.path.insert(0, str(_SCRIPT_DIR))
+
+
+def _resolve(rel: str) -> str:
+    """Resolve a relative path against _PROJECT_DIR (confluence-mdx/)."""
+    p = Path(rel)
+    if p.is_absolute():
+        return rel
+    return str(_PROJECT_DIR / rel)
 
 
 def load_pages_yaml(pages_yaml_path: str) -> List[Dict]:
@@ -131,7 +142,7 @@ def convert_all(pages: List[Dict], var_dir: str, output_base_dir: str, public_di
         os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
 
         cmd = [
-            sys.executable, os.path.join(_bin_dir, 'converter', 'cli.py'),
+            sys.executable, str(_SCRIPT_DIR / 'converter' / 'cli.py'),
             input_file, output_file,
             f'--public-dir={public_dir}',
             f'--attachment-dir={attachment_dir}',
@@ -170,6 +181,13 @@ def main():
                         help='Log level for converter/cli.py (default: warning)')
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
+    # Resolve relative paths against project root (confluence-mdx/)
+    args.pages_yaml = _resolve(args.pages_yaml)
+    args.var_dir = _resolve(args.var_dir)
+    args.output_dir = _resolve(args.output_dir)
+    args.public_dir = _resolve(args.public_dir)
+    args.translations = _resolve(args.translations)
+
     # Load data
     pages = load_pages_yaml(args.pages_yaml)
     translations = load_translations(args.translations)
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/converter/cli.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/converter/cli.py
index 8b7c269a8..6440f4797 100755
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/converter/cli.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/converter/cli.py
@@ -16,10 +16,14 @@
 
 import yaml
 
+# Resolve project root (confluence-mdx/) from this script's location
+# bin/converter/cli.py -> .parent=converter/ -> .parent=bin/ -> .parent=confluence-mdx/
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent  # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                     # confluence-mdx/
+
 # Ensure bin/ is on sys.path when run as a script (e.g. bin/converter/cli.py)
-_bin_dir = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent)
-if _bin_dir not in sys.path:
-    sys.path.insert(0, _bin_dir)
+if str(_SCRIPT_DIR) not in sys.path:
+    sys.path.insert(0, str(_SCRIPT_DIR))
 
 import converter.context as ctx
 from converter.context import (
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ def main():
     parser.add_argument('input_file', help='Input XHTML file path')
     parser.add_argument('output_file', help='Output Markdown file path')
     parser.add_argument('--public-dir',
-                        default='./public',
+                        default=str(_PROJECT_DIR / 'public'),
                         help='/public directory path')
     parser.add_argument('--attachment-dir',
                         help='Directory to save attachments (default: output file directory)')
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/fetch/config.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/fetch/config.py
index 03fa8fe93..c402f0508 100644
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/fetch/config.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/fetch/config.py
@@ -2,8 +2,13 @@
 
 import os
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
+# Resolve project root (confluence-mdx/) from this module's location
+# bin/fetch/config.py -> .parent=fetch/ -> .parent=bin/ -> .parent=confluence-mdx/
+_PROJECT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent  # confluence-mdx/
+
 
 @dataclass
 class Config:
@@ -26,3 +31,9 @@ def __post_init__(self):
             self.email = os.environ.get('ATLASSIAN_USERNAME', 'your-email@example.com')
         if self.api_token is None:
             self.api_token = os.environ.get('ATLASSIAN_TOKEN', 'your-api-token')
+
+        # Resolve relative paths against project root (confluence-mdx/)
+        for field in ('default_output_dir', 'cache_dir', 'translations_file'):
+            value = getattr(self, field)
+            if not os.path.isabs(value):
+                setattr(self, field, str(_PROJECT_DIR / value))
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/restore_alt_from_diff.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/restore_alt_from_diff.py
index 8b5626fb1..742b98290 100755
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/restore_alt_from_diff.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/restore_alt_from_diff.py
@@ -13,12 +13,19 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Dict, List, Tuple
 
+# Resolve repo root from this script's location
+# Script is at confluence-mdx/bin/restore_alt_from_diff.py
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent        # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                    # confluence-mdx/
+_REPO_ROOT = _PROJECT_DIR.parent                     # repo root
+
 
 def get_diff_for_lang(lang: str) -> str:
     """특정 언어의 git diff 가져오기"""
     result = subprocess.run(
         ['git', 'diff', f'src/content/{lang}/'],
-        capture_output=True, text=True
+        capture_output=True, text=True,
+        cwd=str(_REPO_ROOT),
     )
     return result.stdout
 
@@ -120,7 +127,7 @@ def main():
         total_changes = 0
 
         for file_path_str, alt_mapping in file_mappings.items():
-            file_path = Path(file_path_str)
+            file_path = _REPO_ROOT / file_path_str
 
             if not file_path.exists():
                 continue
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/cli.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/cli.py
index c12ea9510..6cddea8c3 100755
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/cli.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/cli.py
@@ -91,6 +91,10 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Tuple, Optional
 
+# Resolve project root (confluence-mdx/) from this script's location
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent  # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                     # confluence-mdx/
+
 # Import modules for recursive processing and comparison
 from skeleton.compare import compare_files
 from skeleton.diff import (
@@ -1119,9 +1123,9 @@ def delete_skeleton_files(directories: List[Path]) -> int:
     if len(directories) == 0:
         # No directories specified, use defaults (Korean, Japanese, English order)
         default_dirs = [
-            Path('target/ko'),
-            Path('target/ja'),
-            Path('target/en')
+            _PROJECT_DIR / 'target/ko',
+            _PROJECT_DIR / 'target/ja',
+            _PROJECT_DIR / 'target/en',
         ]
         directories = default_dirs
     
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/common.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/common.py
index 2b25f2056..2bf1f6855 100644
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/common.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/common.py
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ def extract_language_code(file_path: Path) -> Optional[str]:
     path_str = str(file_path)
     path_lower = path_str.lower()
 
-    # Check for language codes in the target/{lang}/ pattern at the start
+    # Check for language codes in the target/{lang}/ pattern (anywhere in path)
     for lang in ['ko', 'en', 'ja']:
-        pattern = r'^target[/\\]' + lang + r'[/\\]'
-        if re.match(pattern, path_lower):
+        pattern = r'target[/\\]' + lang + r'[/\\]'
+        if re.search(pattern, path_lower):
             return lang.lower()
 
     return None
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ def get_path_without_lang_dir(file_path: Path) -> Optional[str]:
     path_str = str(file_path)
     path_lower = path_str.lower()
 
-    # Check for the target/{lang}/ pattern at the start (relative path only)
+    # Check for the target/{lang}/ pattern (anywhere in path)
     for lang in ['ko', 'en', 'ja']:
-        pattern = r'^target[/\\]' + lang + r'[/\\]'
-        match = re.match(pattern, path_lower)
+        pattern = r'target[/\\]' + lang + r'[/\\]'
+        match = re.search(pattern, path_lower)
         if match:
             end = match.end()
             relative_path = path_str[end:]
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/compare.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/compare.py
index 1cea5b2ea..994c60e31 100644
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/compare.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/compare.py
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
 
 from pathlib import Path
 
+# Resolve project root (confluence-mdx/) from this module's location
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent  # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                     # confluence-mdx/
+
 
 def get_mdx_files(directory: Path) -> set[str]:
     """
@@ -43,7 +47,7 @@ def compare_files(verbose: bool = False):
         verbose: If False, skip files that exist in all three languages.
                  If True, output all files.
     """
-    base_dir = Path('target')
+    base_dir = _PROJECT_DIR / 'target'
     dirs = {
         'ko': base_dir / 'ko',
         'en': base_dir / 'en',
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/diff.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/diff.py
index cf81f8168..9a748f3c0 100644
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/diff.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/skeleton/diff.py
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, Dict, Set
 
+# Resolve project root (confluence-mdx/) from this module's location
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent  # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                     # confluence-mdx/
+
 try:
     import yaml
 except ImportError:
@@ -184,11 +188,14 @@ def filter_diff_output(
     Returns:
         Filtered diff output with ignored lines removed. Returns empty string if all differences are ignored.
     """
-    # Normalize file path (use forward slashes, remove leading slash if present)
+    # Normalize file path (use forward slashes, extract target/{lang}/... portion)
     file_path = file_path.replace('\\', '/')
-    if file_path.startswith('/'):
+    target_match = re.search(r'target/(?:ko|en|ja)/', file_path)
+    if target_match:
+        file_path = file_path[target_match.start():]
+    elif file_path.startswith('/'):
         file_path = file_path[1:]
-    
+
     # Get ignore line numbers for this file
     ignore_lines = ignore_rules.get(file_path, set())
     
@@ -527,9 +534,9 @@ def process_directories_recursive(directories: List[Path], convert_func) -> Tupl
     if len(directories) == 0:
         # No directories specified, use defaults (Korean, Japanese, English order)
         default_dirs = [
-            Path('target/ko'),
-            Path('target/ja'),
-            Path('target/en')
+            _PROJECT_DIR / 'target/ko',
+            _PROJECT_DIR / 'target/ja',
+            _PROJECT_DIR / 'target/en',
         ]
         directories = default_dirs
 
diff --git a/confluence-mdx/bin/sync_confluence_url.py b/confluence-mdx/bin/sync_confluence_url.py
index ae96ffac1..a2be73f08 100755
--- a/confluence-mdx/bin/sync_confluence_url.py
+++ b/confluence-mdx/bin/sync_confluence_url.py
@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
 
+# Resolve repo root from this script's location
+# Script is at confluence-mdx/bin/sync_confluence_url.py
+_SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent        # confluence-mdx/bin/
+_PROJECT_DIR = _SCRIPT_DIR.parent                    # confluence-mdx/
+_REPO_ROOT = _PROJECT_DIR.parent                     # repo root
+
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Path helpers
@@ -221,8 +227,8 @@ def main() -> int:
     targets: List[Path] = []
     if args.recursive is not None:
         dirs = args.recursive if args.recursive else [
-            Path('src/content/en'),
-            Path('src/content/ja'),
+            _REPO_ROOT / 'src/content/en',
+            _REPO_ROOT / 'src/content/ja',
         ]
         targets = collect_mdx_files(dirs)
     elif args.files: