diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
index 87f6822a3d7df..416b55f5c56f7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
@@ -3,54 +3,12 @@
module ActiveRecord
module FinderMethods
- # Find operates with four different retrieval approaches:
- #
- # * Find by id - This can either be a specific id (1), a list of ids (1, 5, 6), or an array of ids ([5, 6, 10]).
- # If no record can be found for all of the listed ids, then RecordNotFound will be raised. If the primary key
- # is an integer, find by id coerces its arguments using +to_i+.
- # * Find first - This will return the first record matched by the options used. These options can either be specific
- # conditions or merely an order. If no record can be matched, +nil+ is returned. Use
- # Model.find(:first, *args) or its shortcut Model.first(*args).
- # * Find last - This will return the last record matched by the options used. These options can either be specific
- # conditions or merely an order. If no record can be matched, +nil+ is returned. Use
- # Model.find(:last, *args) or its shortcut Model.last(*args).
- # * Find all - This will return all the records matched by the options used.
- # If no records are found, an empty array is returned. Use
- # Model.find(:all, *args) or its shortcut Model.all(*args).
- #
- # All approaches accept an options hash as their last parameter.
- #
- # ==== Options
- #
- # * :conditions - An SQL fragment like "administrator = 1", ["user_name = ?", username],
- # or ["user_name = :user_name", { :user_name => user_name }]. See conditions in the intro.
- # * :order - An SQL fragment like "created_at DESC, name".
- # * :group - An attribute name by which the result should be grouped. Uses the GROUP BY SQL-clause.
- # * :having - Combined with +:group+ this can be used to filter the records that a
- # GROUP BY returns. Uses the HAVING SQL-clause.
- # * :limit - An integer determining the limit on the number of rows that should be returned.
- # * :offset - An integer determining the offset from where the rows should be fetched. So at 5,
- # it would skip rows 0 through 4.
- # * :joins - Either an SQL fragment for additional joins like "LEFT JOIN comments ON comments.post_id = id" (rarely needed),
- # named associations in the same form used for the :include option, which will perform an
- # INNER JOIN on the associated table(s),
- # or an array containing a mixture of both strings and named associations.
- # If the value is a string, then the records will be returned read-only since they will
- # have attributes that do not correspond to the table's columns.
- # Pass :readonly => false to override.
- # * :include - Names associations that should be loaded alongside. The symbols named refer
- # to already defined associations. See eager loading under Associations.
- # * :select - By default, this is "*" as in "SELECT * FROM", but can be changed if you,
- # for example, want to do a join but not include the joined columns. Takes a string with the SELECT SQL fragment (e.g. "id, name").
- # * :from - By default, this is the table name of the class, but can be changed
- # to an alternate table name (or even the name of a database view).
- # * :readonly - Mark the returned records read-only so they cannot be saved or updated.
- # * :lock - An SQL fragment like "FOR UPDATE" or "LOCK IN SHARE MODE".
- # :lock => true gives connection's default exclusive lock, usually "FOR UPDATE".
+ # Find by id - This can either be a specific id (1), a list of ids (1, 5, 6), or an array of ids ([5, 6, 10]).
+ # If no record can be found for all of the listed ids, then RecordNotFound will be raised. If the primary key
+ # is an integer, find by id coerces its arguments using +to_i+.
#
# ==== Examples
#
- # # find by id
# Person.find(1) # returns the object for ID = 1
# Person.find("1") # returns the object for ID = 1
# Person.find(1, 2, 6) # returns an array for objects with IDs in (1, 2, 6)
@@ -59,29 +17,10 @@ module FinderMethods
# Person.where("administrator = 1").order("created_on DESC").find(1)
#
# Note that returned records may not be in the same order as the ids you
- # provide since database rows are unordered. Give an explicit :order
+ # provide since database rows are unordered. Give an explicit order
# to ensure the results are sorted.
#
- # ==== Examples
- #
- # # find first
- # Person.first # returns the first object fetched by SELECT * FROM people
- # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).first
- # Person.where(["user_name = :u", { :u => user_name }]).first
- # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).first
- #
- # # find last
- # Person.last # returns the last object fetched by SELECT * FROM people
- # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).last
- # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).last
- #
- # # find all
- # Person.all # returns an array of objects for all the rows fetched by SELECT * FROM people
- # Person.where(["category IN (?)", categories]).limit(50).all
- # Person.where({ :friends => ["Bob", "Steve", "Fred"] }).all
- # Person.offset(10).limit(10).all
- # Person.includes([:account, :friends]).all
- # Person.group("category").all
+ # ==== Find with lock
#
# Example for find with a lock: Imagine two concurrent transactions:
# each will read person.visits == 2, add 1 to it, and save, resulting
@@ -95,19 +34,10 @@ module FinderMethods
# person.save!
# end
def find(*args)
- return to_a.find { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) } if block_given?
-
- options = args.extract_options!
-
- if options.present?
- apply_finder_options(options).find(*args)
+ if block_given?
+ to_a.find { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) }
else
- case args.first
- when :first, :last, :all
- send(args.first)
- else
- find_with_ids(*args)
- end
+ find_with_ids(*args)
end
end
@@ -130,18 +60,14 @@ def find_by!(*args)
where(*args).first!
end
- # A convenience wrapper for find(:first, *args). You can pass in all the
- # same arguments to this method as you can to find(:first).
- def first(*args)
- if args.any?
- if args.first.kind_of?(Integer) || (loaded? && !args.first.kind_of?(Hash))
- limit(*args).to_a
- else
- apply_finder_options(args.first).first
- end
- else
- find_first
- end
+ # Examples:
+ #
+ # Person.first # returns the first object fetched by SELECT * FROM people
+ # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).first
+ # Person.where(["user_name = :u", { :u => user_name }]).first
+ # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).first
+ def first(limit = nil)
+ limit ? limit(limit).to_a : find_first
end
# Same as +first+ but raises ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound if no record
@@ -150,18 +76,17 @@ def first!
first or raise RecordNotFound
end
- # A convenience wrapper for find(:last, *args). You can pass in all the
- # same arguments to this method as you can to find(:last).
- def last(*args)
- if args.any?
- if args.first.kind_of?(Integer) || (loaded? && !args.first.kind_of?(Hash))
- if order_values.empty?
- order("#{primary_key} DESC").limit(*args).reverse
- else
- to_a.last(*args)
- end
+ # Examples:
+ #
+ # Person.last # returns the last object fetched by SELECT * FROM people
+ # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).last
+ # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).last
+ def last(limit = nil)
+ if limit
+ if order_values.empty?
+ order("#{primary_key} DESC").limit(limit).reverse
else
- apply_finder_options(args.first).last
+ to_a.last(limit)
end
else
find_last
@@ -174,10 +99,16 @@ def last!
last or raise RecordNotFound
end
- # A convenience wrapper for find(:all, *args). You can pass in all the
- # same arguments to this method as you can to find(:all).
- def all(*args)
- args.any? ? apply_finder_options(args.first).to_a : to_a
+ # Examples:
+ #
+ # Person.all # returns an array of objects for all the rows fetched by SELECT * FROM people
+ # Person.where(["category IN (?)", categories]).limit(50).all
+ # Person.where({ :friends => ["Bob", "Steve", "Fred"] }).all
+ # Person.offset(10).limit(10).all
+ # Person.includes([:account, :friends]).all
+ # Person.group("category").all
+ def all
+ to_a
end
# Returns true if a record exists in the table that matches the +id+ or