Allow a new server Railtie block:

- This is similar to other railties blocks (such as `console`,
  `tasks` ...). The goal of this block is to allow the application
  or a railtie to load code after the server start.

  The use case can be to fire the webpack or react server in
  development or start some job worker like sidekiq or resque.

  Right now, all these tasks needs to be done in a separate
  shell and gem maintainer needs to add documentation on
  how to run their libraries if another program needs to run
  next to the Rails server.

  This feature can be used like this:

  ```ruby
    class SuperRailtie < Rails::Railtie
      server do
        WebpackServer.run
      end
    end
  ```

railties/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,20 @@
+*   Added `Railtie#server` hook called when Rails starts a server.
+    This is useful in case your application or a library needs to run
+    another process next to the Rails server. This is quite common in development
+    for instance to run the Webpack or the React server.
+
+    It can be used like this:
+
+    ```ruby
+      class MyRailtie < Rails::Railtie
+        server do
+          WebpackServer.run
+        end
+      end
+    ```
+
+    *Edouard Chin*
+
 *   Remove deprecated `rake dev:cache` tasks.
 
     *Rafael Mendonça França*
@@ -94,7 +111,6 @@
 
     *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-
 *   Accept params from url to prepopulate the Inbound Emails form in Rails conductor.
 
     *Chris Oliver*

railties/lib/rails/application.rb

@@ -322,6 +322,12 @@ def generators(&blk)
       self.class.generators(&blk)
     end
 
+    # Sends any server called in the instance of a new application up
+    # to the +server+ method defined in Rails::Railtie.
+    def server(&blk)
+      self.class.server(&blk)
+    end
+
     # Sends the +isolate_namespace+ method up to the class method.
     def isolate_namespace(mod)
       self.class.isolate_namespace(mod)
@@ -536,6 +542,11 @@ def run_console_blocks(app) #:nodoc:
       super
     end
 
+    def run_server_blocks(app) #:nodoc:
+      railties.each { |r| r.run_server_blocks(app) }
+      super
+    end
+
     # Returns the ordered railties for this application considering railties_order.
     def ordered_railties #:nodoc:
       @ordered_railties ||= begin

railties/lib/rails/engine.rb

@@ -470,6 +470,13 @@ def load_generators(app = self)
       self
     end
 
+    # Invoke the server registered hooks.
+    # Check <tt>Rails::Railtie.server</tt> for more info.
+    def load_server(app = self)
+      run_server_blocks(app)
+      self
+    end
+
     def eager_load!
       # Already done by Zeitwerk::Loader.eager_load_all. We need this guard to
       # easily provide a compatible API for both zeitwerk and classic modes.

railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/app_generator.rb

@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ def config_when_updating
       @config_target_version = Rails.application.config.loaded_config_version || "5.0"
 
       config
+      configru
 
       unless cookie_serializer_config_exist
         gsub_file "config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb", /json(?!,)/, "marshal"

railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config.ru.tt

@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@
 require_relative "config/environment"
 
 run Rails.application
+Rails.application.load_server

railties/lib/rails/railtie.rb

@@ -108,6 +108,23 @@ module Rails
   # Since filenames on the load path are shared across gems, be sure that files you load
   # through a railtie have unique names.
   #
+  # == Run another program when the Rails server starts
+  #
+  # In development, it's very usual to have to run another process next to the Rails Server. In example
+  # you might want to start the Webpack or React server. Or maybe you need to run your job scheduler process
+  # like Sidekiq. This is usually done by opening a new shell and running the program from here.
+  #
+  # Rails allow you to specify a +server+ block which will get called when a Rails server starts.
+  # This way, your users don't need to remember to have to open a new shell and run another program, making
+  # this less confusing for everyone.
+  # It can be used like this:
+  #
+  # class MyRailtie < Rails::Railtie
+  #   server do
+  #     WebpackServer.start
+  #   end
+  # end
+  #
   # == Application and Engine
   #
   # An engine is nothing more than a railtie with some initializers already set. And since
@@ -152,6 +169,10 @@ def generators(&blk)
         register_block_for(:generators, &blk)
       end
 
+      def server(&blk)
+        register_block_for(:server, &blk)
+      end
+
       def abstract_railtie?
         ABSTRACT_RAILTIES.include?(name)
       end
@@ -246,6 +267,10 @@ def run_tasks_blocks(app) #:nodoc:
         each_registered_block(:rake_tasks) { |block| instance_exec(app, &block) }
       end
 
+      def run_server_blocks(app) #:nodoc:
+        each_registered_block(:server) { |block| block.call(app) }
+      end
+
     private
       # run `&block` in every registered block in `#register_block_for`
       def each_registered_block(type, &block)

railties/test/application/server_test.rb

@@ -42,6 +42,32 @@ def teardown
       end
     end
 
+    test "run +server+ blocks after the server starts" do
+      skip "PTY unavailable" unless available_pty?
+
+      File.open("#{app_path}/config/boot.rb", "w") do |f|
+        f.puts "ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = '#{Bundler.default_gemfile}'"
+        f.puts 'require "bundler/setup"'
+      end
+
+      add_to_config(<<~CODE)
+        server do
+          puts 'Hello world'
+        end
+      CODE
+
+      primary, replica = PTY.open
+      pid = nil
+
+      Bundler.with_original_env do
+        pid = Process.spawn("bin/rails server -b localhost", chdir: app_path, in: replica, out: primary, err: replica)
+        assert_output("Hello world", primary)
+        assert_output("Listening", primary)
+      ensure
+        kill(pid) if pid
+      end
+    end
+
     private
       def kill(pid)
         Process.kill("TERM", pid)

railties/test/railties/railtie_test.rb

@@ -170,6 +170,22 @@ class MyTie < Rails::Railtie
       assert $ran_block
     end
 
+    test "server block is executed when MyApp.load_server is called" do
+      $ran_block = false
+
+      class MyTie < Rails::Railtie
+        server do
+          $ran_block = true
+        end
+      end
+
+      require "#{app_path}/config/environment"
+
+      assert_not $ran_block
+      Rails.application.load_server
+      assert $ran_block
+    end
+
     test "runner block is executed when MyApp.load_runner is called" do
       $ran_block = false