diff --git a/rules-tests/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector/Fixture/sets_to_with_sets.php.inc b/rules-tests/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector/Fixture/sets_to_with_sets.php.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e149a218b3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules-tests/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector/Fixture/sets_to_with_sets.php.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use Rector\Config\RectorConfig;
+use Rector\Set\ValueObject\SetList;
+
+return static function (RectorConfig $rectorConfig): void {
+    $rectorConfig->sets([SetList::DEAD_CODE]);
+};
+
+?>
+-----
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use Rector\Config\RectorConfig;
+use Rector\Set\ValueObject\SetList;
+
+return \Rector\Config\RectorConfig::configure()->withSets([SetList::DEAD_CODE]);
+
+?>
diff --git a/rules/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector.php b/rules/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector.php
index fee4c2833a6..cf556b4cf3a 100644
--- a/rules/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector.php
+++ b/rules/Transform/Rector/FileWithoutNamespace/RectorConfigBuilderRector.php
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ public function refactor(Node $node): ?Node
             $skips = new Array_();
             $autoloadPaths = new Array_();
             $bootstrapFiles = new Array_();
+            $sets = new Array_();
 
             foreach ($stmts as $rectorConfigStmt) {
                 // complex stmts should be skipped, eg: with if else
@@ -139,6 +140,9 @@ public function refactor(Node $node): ?Node
                 } elseif ($name === 'ruleWithConfiguration') {
                     $newExpr = $this->nodeFactory->createMethodCall($newExpr, 'withConfiguredRule', [$value, $args[1]->value]);
                     $hasChanged = true;
+                } elseif ($name === 'sets') {
+                    Assert::isAOf($value, Array_::class);
+                    $sets->items = array_merge($sets->items, $value->items);
                 } else {
                     // implementing method by method
                     return null;
@@ -170,6 +174,11 @@ public function refactor(Node $node): ?Node
                 $hasChanged = true;
             }
 
+            if ($sets->items !== []) {
+                $newExpr = $this->nodeFactory->createMethodCall($newExpr, 'withSets', [$sets]);
+                $hasChanged = true;
+            }
+
             if ($hasChanged) {
                 $stmt->expr = $newExpr;
             }