With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". is not universally true and a reasonable alternative means currently exists for determining which juvenile offenders are likely to reoffend. Clayton, 684 A.2d at 1063 (applying irrebuttable presumption doctrine). This Court’s irrebuttable presumption doctrine derives from a series of United States Supreme Court cases in the 1970s involving statutes that infringed upon protected interests or denied benefits by utilizing presumptions that the existence of one fact was statutorily conclusive of the truth of another fact. The High Court concluded that, absent a meaningful opportunity to contest the validity of the second fact, the statutory irrebuttable presumptions deprived the citizenry of due process of law. See, e.g., Vlandis v. Kline, 412 U.S. 441, 93 S.Ct. 2230, 37 L.Ed.2d 63 (1973) (<HOLDING>); Stanley v. Illinois, 405 U.S. 645, 92 S.Ct.

A: holding state university is not a person under  1983
B: holding that a maryland court could exercise jurisdiction over an outofstate hospital that provided services to maryland residents and registered as a maryland provider designating itself as a liver transplant referral center
C: holding statute unconstitutional for employing an irrebuttable presumption that those who lived outofstate when they applied to a state university should be forever deemed outofstate residents for purposes of tuition calculation even if they later become bona fide residents
D: holding student activity fees not to be state funds when they were segregated from university funds and the state treasury
C.