With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". breach of contract against insurance broker, since, “[u]nlike a recipient of the services of a doctor, attorney or architect, as to whom the doctrine has been applied, the recipient of the services of an insurance broker is not at a substantial disadvantage to question the actions of the provider of services”), modified on other grounds, 58 N.Y.2d 1026, 462 N.Y.S.2d 439, 448 N.E.2d 1350 (1983); Flora’s Card Shop Inc. v. Paul Krantz & Co., 111 Misc.2d 907, 908-09, 445 N.Y.S.2d 392 (New York County 1981) (declining to apply doctrine to insurance broker in action for negligence and malpractice), aff’d, 91 A.D.2d 938, 458 N.Y.S.2d 880 (1st Dep’t 1983); see also Port Auth. of New York and New Jersey v. Evergreen Int’l Aviation, 179 Misc.2d 674, 678-79, 686 N.Y.S.2d 269 (Queens County 1999) (<HOLDING>); but see Ben Heller, Inc. v. St. Paul Fire &

A: holding that a state is not a person within the meaning of  1983
B: holding that a police department is not a person within the meaning of section 1983
C: holding that insurance agents and brokers are not professionals within meaning of malpractice statute
D: recognizing that corporations are persons within the meaning of the fourteenth amendment
C.