With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". form, and context of Karl's testimony establish that her speech related to a matter of public concern. 3 . In a recent decision extending absolute immunity under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 to grand jury witnesses, the Supreme Court "[saw] no sound reason to draw a distinction for this purpose between grand jury and trial wit nesses,” notwithstanding the secrecy of grand jury proceedings. Rehberg v. Paulk, - U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 1497, 1500, 182 L.Ed.2d 593 (2012). Trial witnesses have long been afforded abso 5 . See Mt. Healthy City Sch. Dist. Bd. of Educ. v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274, 287, 97 S.Ct. 568, 50 L.Ed.2d 471 (1977). 6 . Caw's attempt to seek shelter in what he characterizes as an out-of-circuit split of authority is equally unavailing. Compare Morales v. Jones, 494 F.3d 590, 595 (7th Cir.2007) (<HOLDING>), with Morris v. Crow, 142 F.3d 1379, 1382-83

A: holding that an action brought pursuant to  1983 cannot lie against federal officers
B: holding that even if the plaintiff had asserted a cause of action under the virginia wrongful death act against the city police officers the police officers would be entitled to sovereign immunity
C: holding that alleged discrimination in merit pay increases and salary raises against tenured professor alleging retaliation for his protected speech would constitute denials of governmental benefits redressable by  1983
D: holding that a police officers deposition in a fellow officers  1983 action alleging unlawful retaliation was protected speech
D.