With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". of the injury inflicted. See Leslie v. Ingram, 786 F.2d 1533, 1536 (11th Cir.1986) (citations omitted); Raby v. Baptist Medical Center, 21 F.Supp.2d 1341, 1349 (M.D.Ala.1998); Griffin v. City of Clanton, 932 F.Supp. 1359, 1368 (M.D.Ala.1996). Use of force must be judged on a case-by-case basis “from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, rather than with the 20/20 vision of hindsight." Id. Moreover, “[n]ot every push or shove, even if it may later seem unnecessary in the peace of a judge’s chambers,” violates the Fourth Amendment. Id. (citing Johnson v. Glick, 481 F.2d 1028, 1033 (2nd Cir.)). Because the excessive force standard establishes no bright line, qualified immunity applies unless every reasonable officer in the Defendant’s position would conclude t Cir.1991) (<HOLDING>). Additionally, the court finds that it was

A: holding that a police officer was not liable for use of excessive force since  951 requirements were satisfied
B: holding that inquiry as to whether officers are entitled to qualified immunity for use of excessive force is distinct from inquiry on the merits of the excessive force claim
C: holding that officer did not use excessive force in requiring passenger to lie on ground while he directed shotgun toward her and her companions
D: holding that a military police officer was entitled to qualified immunity from an excessive force suit when he objectively reasonably believed that he used reasonable force
C.