With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". he took was in error, was done maliciously, or was in excess of his authority; rather, he will be subject to liability only when he has acted in the clear absence of all jurisdiction.” Id. (quoting Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, 356-57, 98 S.Ct. 1099, 55 L.Ed.2d 331 (1978)). The allegations in Brown’s complaint relate to action taken by Judge Lupas in his capacity as a judge, and Brown has not alleged that Judge Lupas clearly lacked jurisdiction. Thus, Brown’s allegations are insufficient to overcome Judge Lupas’ judicial immunity. Lastly, it would have been against public policy for the District Court to grant Brown’s request to terminate the criminal proceedings against him while they were ongoing. See Younger v. Harris, 401 U.S. 37, 43-44, 91 S.Ct. 746, 27 L.Ed.2d 669 (1971) (<HOLDING>). Moreover, now that his criminal case has

A: holding that federal district courts should abstain from interfering with pending state court proceedings
B: recognizing that the longstanding public policy against federal court interference with state court proceedings generally requires federal courts to abstain from involvement in state criminal proceedings
C: holding that the federal claims which arose from state court criminal contempt proceedings were inextricably intertwined with the state court action and thus the federal district court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over the claims pursuant to the rookerfeldman doctrine
D: holding that declaratory relief is improper when a prosecution involving the challenged state statute is pending in state court at the time the federal suit is initiated and the same principles that govern the propriety of federal injunctions of state criminal proceedings govern the issuance of federal declaratory judgments in connection with such proceedings
B.