With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". covenant or of any covenant enacted by the Association. Second, Mr. Westphal claims that the actions of the Association are state action because the Association is a quasi-governmental entity. He maintains that the Association “operates as a ‘mini-government’” because it raises money through dues, has an elected governing body, enacts rules and regulations, and enforces such rules through the court system. In support of this argument, Mr. Westphal relies on Chesus v. Watts, 967 S.W.2d 97 (Mo.App.1998), and Terre Du Lac Ass’n, Inc. v. Terre Du Lac, Inc., 737 S.W.2d 206 (Mo.App.1987). In these two cases, the court held that a homeowner’s association had the right to sue a developer to enforce contracts between the developer and the association’s members. Chesus, 967 S.W.2d at 106 (<HOLDING>); Terre Du Lac, 737 S.W.2d at 213 (holding the

A: holding that plaintiffs lacked standing to sue
B: holding that employers have standing to sue
C: holding that the plaintiff as a loss payee under a fidelity insurance policy had standing to sue the insurer directly
D: holding the homeowners association had standing to sue under the theory of promissory estoppel
D.