With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". Court has categorized kidnapping as a crime of violence. See, e.g., United States v. Rodriguez-Moreno, 526 U.S. 275, 280, 119 S.Ct. 1239, 143 L.Ed.2d 388 (1999). 11 . Any argument regarding a religious exception has been addressed in the first section of this Opinion relating to the RFRA. 12 . The Court takes judicial notice that Maimonides was an influential figure in the Jewish religion, who has had a profound impact on Jewish law, philosophy, and religious consciousness. 13 . I note that there is some indication by other courts of appeal, including the Fourth Circuit in Childress, that the requirement that a kidnapped person be held "for ransom or reward or otherwise” is not even an element of the federal kidnapping offense. United States v. Martell, 335 F.2d 764, 766 (4th Cir.1964) (<HOLDING>); Gawne v. United States, 409 F.2d 1399,

A: holding that the donovan rule applies regardless of whether the injunction is issued before or after the federal court filing
B: holding that a defendant is in custody and miranda applies even when the purpose of defendants detention is unrelated to the purpose of the interrogation
C: holding that the federal kidnapping statute is violated regardless of the ultimate purpose of the kidnapper
D: holding that to violate a specific intent statute the defendant must act with the purpose of violating the law
C.