With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". See McConnell & Picker, 60 U. Chi. L.Rev. at 427-29, 450-54 (summarizing the history). Although it had a rocky start, see, e.g., Ashton, 298 U.S. at 530-32, 56 S.Ct. 892 (invalidating the initial act), Congress eventually succeeded in avoiding a Tenth Amendment problem. It did so in part by requiring a state’s consent in the federal municipal bankruptcy regime before permitting municipalities of that state to seek relief under it, and in part by emphasizing that the statute did not effect “ ‘any restriction on the powers of the States or their arms of government in the exercise of their sovereign rights and duties.’ ” See, e.g., United States v. Bekins, 304 U.S. 27, 49-54, 58 S.Ct. 811, 82 L.Ed. 1137 (1938) (quoting H.R.Rep. No. 75-517, at 2 (1937); S.Rep. No. 75911, at 2 (1937)) (<HOLDING>); cf. McConnell & Picker, 60 U. Chi. L.Rev. at

A: recognizing that this created a cooperative scheme
B: recognizing that the regulatory scheme created by the ina is so pervasive as to be consistent with the exclusive federal power over immigration
C: recognizing this presumption
D: recognizing that prior decisions created confusion on this point
A.