With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". interest claim lies in the fact that while 86 Iowa Acts chapter 1211, § 32 was enacted and codified at Iowa Code § 613.18 in 1986, the Johnsons’ cause of action did not accrue until 2005. The Johnsons had no vested right in the former Iowa law. See Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Environmental Study Group, Inc., 438 U.S. 59, 88 n. 32, 98 S.Ct. 2620, 57 L.Ed.2d 595 (1978) (“Our cases have clearly established that ‘[a] person has no property, no vested interest, in any rule of the common law.’ ”); New York Cent. R.R. v. White, 243 U.S. 188, 198, 37 S.Ct. 247, 61 L.Ed. 667 (1917) (“No person has a vested interest in any rule of law, entitling him to insist that it shall remain unchanged for his benefit.”); Eddings ex rel. Eddings v. Volkswagenwerk, A.G., 835 F.2d 1369, 1374 (11th Cir.1988) (<HOLDING>); Hammond v. United States, 786 F.2d 8, 12 (1st

A: holding that plaintiffs may have a property interest in vested contractual rights
B: holding that no reasonable interpretation of a general directive would create a property interest
C: holding that plaintiffs had no vested interest in former interpretation of state law
D: holding that the plaintiffs state law claims are preempted by federal law
C.