With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". of the goods is dispelled by the time any sales are consummated.” Dorr-Oliver, Inc. v. Fluid-Quip, Inc., 94 F.3d 376, 382 (7th Cir.1996). For example, in Grotrian, Helfferich, Schulz, Th. Steinweg Nachf. v. Steinway & Sons, 523 F.2d 1331, 1342 (2d Cir.1975), the defendant produced “Grotrian-Steinweg” pianos and the plaintiff produced the world-renowned “Steinway” pianos. The court explained: The issue here is not the possibility that a purchaser would buy a Grotrian-Steinweg thinking it was actually a Steinway or that Grotrian had some connection with Steinway and Sons. The harm to Steinway, rather, is the likelihood that a consumer, hearing the “Grotrian-Steinweg” name and thinking it had some connection with “Steinway”, would consider it on that basis. The “Grotrian 3 (2d Cir.2010) (<HOLDING>); Universal Commc’n Sys., Inc. v. Lycos, Inc.,

A: recognizing nominative fair use as an affirmative defense to trademark infringement
B: holding that the nominative fair use factors replace the traditional sleekcraft factors for likelihood of confusion where nominative fair use is at issue
C: holding that nominative fair use is an affirmative defense to a prima facie case of likelihood of confusion similar to the fair use defense
D: recognizing the underlying principles of nominative fair use
D.