From ef0ef74f608cd7e8a0a991cbc1a76d14f681fbdd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: sspencerwire Date: Wed, 17 Jan 2024 15:40:53 -0600 Subject: [PATCH] # Changes needed for updates to RL 8.9 * a contributor removed the admonition dealing with the need for the REMI repository for the version of PHP 8.0, however other changes to the content were also needed to reflect the change. --- docs/guides/web/php.md | 121 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 62 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/guides/web/php.md b/docs/guides/web/php.md index a737b0b6fb..5fd7f7d1d2 100644 --- a/docs/guides/web/php.md +++ b/docs/guides/web/php.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ title: PHP and PHP-FPM author: Antoine Le Morvan contributors: Steven Spencer, Ganna Zhyrnova -tested_with: 8.5 +tested_with: 8.9 tags: - web - php @@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ tags: # PHP and PHP-FPM +!!! warning "Written for Rocky Linux 8.x" + + Note that this procedure was initially published some time ago, at which time Rocky Linux 8.x was the only version. This procedure needs to be tested and rewritten as appropriate for Rocky Linux 9.x. + **PHP** (**P**HP **H**ypertext **P**reprocessor) is a source scripting language, specially designed for web application development. In 2021, PHP represented a little less than 80% of the web pages generated in the world. PHP is open-source and is the core of the most famous CMS (WordPress, Drupal, Joomla!, Magento, ...). **PHP-FPM** (**F**astCGI **P**rocess **M**anager) is integrated to PHP since its version 5.3.3. The FastCGI version of PHP brings additional functionalities. @@ -35,35 +39,43 @@ PHP-FPM, **in addition to better performances**, brings: ## Choose a PHP version -Rocky Linux, like its upstream, offers many versions of the language. Some of them have reached the end of their life but are kept to continue hosting historical applications that are not yet compatible with new versions of PHP. Please refer to the [ supported versions ](https://www.php.net/supported-versions.php) page of the php.net website to choose a supported version. +Rocky Linux, like its upstream, offers many versions of the language. Some of them have reached the end of their life but are kept to continue hosting historical applications that are not yet compatible with new versions of PHP. Please refer to the [supported versions](https://www.php.net/supported-versions.php) page of the php.net website to choose a supported version. To obtain a list of available versions, simply enter the following command: -``` +```bash $ sudo dnf module list php + Rocky Linux 8 - AppStream -Name Stream Profiles Summary -php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language -php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language -php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language +Name Stream Profiles Summary +php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language +php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language +php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language +php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled ``` Rocky provides, from its AppStream repository, different PHP modules. -You will note that the default version of a Rocky 8.5 is 7.2 which has already reached its end of life at the time of writing. +You will note that the default version of a Rocky 8.9 is 7.2 that has already reached its end of life at the time of writing. You can activate a newer module by entering the following command: -``` -sudo dnf module enable php:7.4 +```bash +sudo dnf module enable php:8.0 ============================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================================== Enabling module streams: - httpd 2.4 - php 7.4 + httpd 2.4 + nginx 1.14 + php 8.0 + +Transaction Summary +============================================================================================== + +Is this ok [y/N]: Transaction Summary ============================================================================================== @@ -72,7 +84,6 @@ Is this ok [y/N]: y Complete! ``` - You can now proceed to the installation of the PHP engine. ## PHP cgi mode @@ -85,13 +96,13 @@ The installation of PHP is relatively trivial, since it consists of installing t The example below installs PHP with the modules usually installed with it. -``` -$ sudo dnf install php php-cli php-gd php-curl php-zip php-mbstring +```bash +sudo dnf install php php-cli php-gd php-curl php-zip php-mbstring ``` You can check that the installed version corresponds to the expected one: -``` +```bash $ php -v PHP 7.4.19 (cli) (built: May 4 2021 11:06:37) ( NTS ) Copyright (c) The PHP Group @@ -101,42 +112,42 @@ Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies ### Configuration -### Apache integration +#### Apache integration To serve PHP pages in CGI mode, you must install the apache server, configure it, activate it, and start it. * Installation: -``` -$ sudo dnf install httpd +```bash +sudo dnf install httpd ``` * Activation: -``` -$ sudo systemctl enable httpd -$ sudo systemctl start httpd -$ sudo systemctl status httpd +```bash +sudo systemctl enable httpd +sudo systemctl start httpd +sudo systemctl status httpd ``` * Don't forget to configure the firewall: -``` -$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent -$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload +```bash +sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent +sudo firewall-cmd --reload ``` The default vhost should work out of the box. PHP provides a `phpinfo()` function that generates a summary table of its configuration. It's very useful to test the good working of PHP. However, be careful not to leave such test files on your servers. They represent a huge security risk for your infrastructure. Create the file `/var/www/html/info.php` (`/var/www/html` being the default vhost directory of the default apache configuration): -``` +```bash ``` -Use a web browser to check that the server is working properly by going to the page http://your-server-ip/info.php. +Use a web browser to check that the server is working properly by going to the page [http://your-server-ip/info.php](http://your-server-ip/info.php). !!! Warning @@ -150,23 +161,23 @@ As we highlighted earlier in this document, there are many advantages to switchi The installation is limited to the php-fpm package: -``` -$ sudo dnf install php-fpm +```bash +sudo dnf install php-fpm ``` As php-fpm is a service from a system point of view, it must be activated and started: -``` -$ sudo systemctl enable php-fpm -$ sudo systemctl start php-fpm -$ sudo systemctl status php-fpm +```bash +sudo systemctl enable php-fpm +sudo systemctl start php-fpm +sudo systemctl status php-fpm ``` ### Configuration The main configuration file is stored under `/etc/php-fpm.conf`. -``` +```bash include=/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf [global] pid = /run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid @@ -182,7 +193,7 @@ As you can see, the files in the `/etc/php-fpm/` directory with the `.conf` exte By default, a PHP process pool, named `www`, is declared in `/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf`. -``` +```bash [www] user = apache group = apache @@ -239,7 +250,7 @@ The processes of PHP-FPM can be managed statically or dynamically. In static mode, the number of child processes is set by the value of `pm.max_children`; -``` +```bash pm = static pm.max_children = 10 ``` @@ -250,7 +261,7 @@ In dynamic mode, PHP-FPM will launch at most the number of processes specified b Example: -``` +```bash pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 5 pm.start_servers = 2 @@ -268,18 +279,17 @@ There is a third mode of operation, the `ondemand` mode. This mode only starts a The configuration of the operating mode of PHP-FPM is essential to ensure an optimal functioning of your web server. - #### Process status PHP-FPM offers, like Apache and its `mod_status` module, a page indicating the status of the process. To activate the page, setup its access path via the `pm.status_path` directive: -``` +```bash pm.status_path = /status ``` -``` +```bash $ curl http://localhost/status_php pool: www process manager: dynamic @@ -303,7 +313,7 @@ The slowlog directive specifies the file that receives logging of requests that The default location of the generated file is `/var/log/php-fpm/www-slow.log`. -``` +```bash request_slowlog_timeout = 5 slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/www-slow.log ``` @@ -316,7 +326,7 @@ The default setting of nginx already includes the necessary configuration to mak The configuration file `fastcgi.conf` (or `fastcgi_params`) is located under `/etc/nginx/`: -``` +```bash fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; @@ -348,7 +358,7 @@ In order for nginx to process `.php` files, the following directives must be add If PHP-FPM is listening on port 9000: -``` +```bash location ~ \.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; @@ -357,7 +367,7 @@ location ~ \.php$ { If php-fpm is listening on a unix socket: -``` +```bash location ~ \.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock; @@ -368,7 +378,7 @@ location ~ \.php$ { The configuration of apache to use a PHP pool is quite simple. You just have to use the proxy modules with a `ProxyPassMatch` directive, for example: -``` +```bash ServerName web.rockylinux.org DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/current/public" @@ -390,7 +400,7 @@ It is essential to optimize the number of requests that will be able to be serve First of all, we need to know the average amount of memory used by a PHP process, with the command: -``` +```bash while true; do ps --no-headers -o "rss,cmd" -C php-fpm | grep "pool www" | awk '{ sum+=$1 } END { printf ("%d%s\n", sum/NR/1024,"Mb") }' >> avg_php_proc; sleep 60; done ``` @@ -404,7 +414,7 @@ We can easily conclude that this server can accept at most **50 threads** `((6*1 A good configuration of `php-fpm` specific to this use case would be: -``` +```bash pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 12 @@ -427,26 +437,19 @@ It keeps the compiled PHP scripts in memory, which strongly impacts the executio To configure it, we must work on: -* The size of the memory dedicated to the opcache according to the hit ratio - -By configuring correctly - - - - - +* The size of the memory dedicated to the opcache according to the hit ratio, configuring it correctly * the number of PHP scripts to cache (number of keys + maximum number of scripts) * the number of strings to cache To install it: -``` -$ sudo dnf install php-opcache +```bash +sudo dnf install php-opcache ``` To configure it, edit the `/etc/php.d/10-opcache.ini` configuration file: -``` +```bash opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000