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112 changes: 18 additions & 94 deletions docs/books/web_services/03-application-servers.md
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Expand Up @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ In this chapter, you will learn about PHP and PHP-FPM.
:checkered_flag: **PHP**, **PHP-FPM**, **Application server**

**Knowledge**: :star: :star: :star:
**Complexity**: :star: :star: :star:
**Complexity**: :star: :star: :star:

**Reading time**: 30 minutes

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -59,68 +59,37 @@ Rocky Linux, like its upstream, offers many versions of the language. Some of th

To obtain a list of available versions, enter the following command:

=== "9.3 PHP module list"

```bash
$ sudo dnf module list php

Rocky Linux 9 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 8.1 [d] common [d], devel, minimal

Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
```

The Remi repository offers more recent releases of PHP than the Appstream repository, including versions 8.2 and 8.3.

To install the Remi repository, run the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm
```

Enable the Remi repository by running the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled remi
```

You can now activate a newer module (PHP 8.3) by entering the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf module enable php:remi-8.3
```

=== "8.9 PHP module list"
### PHP module list

```bash
$ sudo dnf module list php

Rocky Linux 8 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.2 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language

Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
```

Rocky provides different PHP modules from its AppStream repository.

You will note that Rocky 8.9's default version is 7.2, which has already reached its end of life at the time of this writing.
You will note that the Rocky 8 default version is 7.2, which is already end of life at the time of this writing.

You can activate a newer module by entering the following command:

```bash
sudo dnf module enable php:8.0
sudo dnf module enable php:8.2
==============================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
nginx 1.14
php 8.0
php 8.2

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Expand All @@ -144,63 +113,18 @@ The installation of PHP is relatively trivial. It consists of installing the mai

The example below installs PHP with the modules usually installed with it.

=== "9.3 install PHP"

```bash
sudo dnf install php php-cli php-gd php-curl php-zip php-mbstring
```

During installation, you will be prompted to import GPG keys for the epel9 (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9) and Remi repositories. Enter y to import the keys:

```bash
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64
Importing GPG key 0x3228467C:
Userid : "Fedora (epel9) <epel@fedoraproject.org>"
Fingerprint: FF8A D134 4597 106E CE81 3B91 8A38 72BF 3228 467C
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-9
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64
Importing GPG key 0x478F8947:
Userid : "Remi's RPM repository (https://rpms.remirepo.net/) <remi@remirepo.net>"
Fingerprint: B1AB F71E 14C9 D748 97E1 98A8 B195 27F1 478F 8947
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi.el9
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.

Complete!
```

=== "8.9 install PHP"

```bash
sudo dnf install php php-cli php-gd php-curl php-zip php-mbstring
```

You can check that the installed version corresponds to the expected one:

=== "9.3 check PHP version"

```bash
$ php -v
PHP 8.3.2 (cli) (built: Jan 16 2024 13:46:41) (NTS gcc x86_64)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.3.2, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.3.2, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
```

=== "8.9 check PHP version"

```bash
$ php -v
PHP 7.4.19 (cli) (built: May 4 2021 11:06:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.4.19, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
php -v
PHP 8.2.28 (cli) (built: Mar 11 2025 17:58:12) (NTS gcc x86_64)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.2.28, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.2.28, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
```

### Apache Integration
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -344,7 +268,7 @@ pm.max_children = 10

This configuration starts with 10 processes.

In dynamic mode, PHP-FPM starts at *most* the number of processes specified by the` pm.max_children` value. It first starts some processes corresponding to `pm.start_servers`, keeping at least the value of `pm.min_spare_servers` of inactive processes and, at most, `pm.max_spare_servers` of inactive processes.
In dynamic mode, PHP-FPM starts at *most* the number of processes specified by the`pm.max_children` value. It first starts some processes corresponding to `pm.start_servers`, keeping at least the value of `pm.min_spare_servers` of inactive processes and, at most, `pm.max_spare_servers` of inactive processes.

Example:

Expand All @@ -368,7 +292,7 @@ A third mode of operation is the `ondemand` mode. This mode only starts a proces

#### Process status

Like Apache and its `mod_status` module, PHP-FPM offers a page indicating the process's status.
Just as with Apache and its `mod_status` module, PHP-FPM offers a page indicating the process's status.

To activate the page, set its access path with the `pm.status_path` directive:

Expand Down