From a66bc2c01194a9c017c874a30db5b3b6bd95e966 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benoit Daloze <eregontp@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 May 2019 22:41:48 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Update to ruby/spec@9a501a8

---
 spec/ruby/CONTRIBUTING.md                     |   4 +-
 spec/ruby/core/enumerable/shared/find.rb      |   4 +
 spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb    |  15 +
 spec/ruby/core/exception/cause_spec.rb        |  12 +
 spec/ruby/core/file/expand_path_spec.rb       |   2 +
 spec/ruby/core/hash/constructor_spec.rb       |   2 +-
 spec/ruby/core/hash/hash_spec.rb              |   8 +
 spec/ruby/core/hash/merge_spec.rb             |  18 +
 spec/ruby/core/kernel/autoload_spec.rb        |   2 +-
 spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb           |  11 +-
 spec/ruby/core/module/name_spec.rb            |   6 +-
 spec/ruby/core/proc/new_spec.rb               |  11 +
 spec/ruby/core/proc/shared/call_arguments.rb  |  22 +
 spec/ruby/core/regexp/compile_spec.rb         |  13 +-
 spec/ruby/core/regexp/new_spec.rb             |  13 +-
 .../shared/{new_ascii_8bit.rb => new.rb}      | 198 +++-----
 spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii.rb     | 464 ------------------
 spec/ruby/core/string/uminus_spec.rb          |  17 +
 spec/ruby/language/yield_spec.rb              |   4 +
 .../library/bigdecimal/BigDecimal_spec.rb     |  28 ++
 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/clone_spec.rb    |   6 +
 .../ruby/library/bigdecimal/constants_spec.rb |  76 +++
 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/dup_spec.rb      |   6 +
 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/hash_spec.rb     |  30 ++
 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/inspect_spec.rb  |   7 +
 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/shared/clone.rb  |  24 +
 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/to_d_spec.rb     |  11 +
 .../library/objectspace/memsize_of_spec.rb    |  30 ++
 .../reachable_objects_from_spec.rb            |  61 +++
 .../basicsocket/do_not_reverse_lookup_spec.rb |  64 +++
 spec/ruby/library/socket/fixtures/classes.rb  |  21 +-
 .../socket/socket/tcp_server_loop_spec.rb     |   9 +-
 .../socket/socket/udp_server_loop_spec.rb     |  14 +-
 .../socket/socket/unix_server_loop_spec.rb    |   9 +-
 spec/ruby/library/tempfile/open_spec.rb       |   8 +
 spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/hash_spec.c       |   6 +
 spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/kernel_spec.c     |  12 +
 spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/util_spec.c       |  25 +
 spec/ruby/optional/capi/hash_spec.rb          |   5 +
 spec/ruby/optional/capi/kernel_spec.rb        |  16 +
 spec/ruby/optional/capi/util_spec.rb          |  44 ++
 41 files changed, 699 insertions(+), 639 deletions(-)
 rename spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/{new_ascii_8bit.rb => new.rb} (89%)
 delete mode 100644 spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/clone_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/constants_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/dup_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/hash_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/shared/clone.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/to_d_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/objectspace/memsize_of_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/ruby/library/objectspace/reachable_objects_from_spec.rb

diff --git a/spec/ruby/CONTRIBUTING.md b/spec/ruby/CONTRIBUTING.md
index dd33f7bf4fb897..2f9b13837256be 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/spec/ruby/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ variables from the implementor spec: `@method` and `@object`, which the implemen
 
 Here's an example of a snippet of a shared spec and two specs which integrates it:
 
-``` ruby
+```ruby
 # core/hash/shared/key.rb
 describe :hash_key_p, shared: true do
   it "returns true if the key's matching value was false" do
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ Sometimes, shared specs require more context from the implementor class than a s
 this by passing a lambda as the method, which will have the scope of the implementor.  Here's an example of
 how this is used currently:
 
-``` ruby
+```ruby
 describe :kernel_sprintf, shared: true do
   it "raises TypeError exception if cannot convert to Integer" do
     -> { @method.call("%b", Object.new) }.should raise_error(TypeError)
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/enumerable/shared/find.rb b/spec/ruby/core/enumerable/shared/find.rb
index 5c097509cdaa21..3435ce36584c6f 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/enumerable/shared/find.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/enumerable/shared/find.rb
@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@
     @empty.send(@method, fail_proc) {|e| true}.should == "yay"
   end
 
+  it "ignores the ifnone argument when nil" do
+    @numerous.send(@method, nil) {|e| false }.should == nil
+  end
+
   it "passes through the values yielded by #each_with_index" do
     [:a, :b].each_with_index.send(@method) { |x, i| ScratchPad << [x, i]; nil }
     ScratchPad.recorded.should == [[:a, 0], [:b, 1]]
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb
index 70c75bda1e4078..5e140f8d9b4fb5 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/backtrace_spec.rb
@@ -65,4 +65,19 @@
       e.backtrace[0].should == "backtrace first"
     end
   end
+
+  it "returns the same array after duping" do
+    begin
+      raise
+    rescue RuntimeError => err
+      bt = err.backtrace
+      err.dup.backtrace.should equal(bt)
+
+      new_bt = ['hi']
+      err.set_backtrace new_bt
+
+      err.backtrace.should == new_bt
+      err.dup.backtrace.should equal(new_bt)
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/exception/cause_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/exception/cause_spec.rb
index 007df413666191..cf4aaeb1880e85 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/exception/cause_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/exception/cause_spec.rb
@@ -41,4 +41,16 @@
       e.cause.should equal(cause)
     }
   end
+
+  it "is not set to the exception itself when it is re-raised" do
+    -> {
+      begin
+        raise RuntimeError
+      rescue RuntimeError => e
+        raise e
+      end
+    }.should raise_error(RuntimeError) { |e|
+      e.cause.should == nil
+    }
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/file/expand_path_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/file/expand_path_spec.rb
index 90aa44e2c4bea1..1d972023a335ed 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/file/expand_path_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/file/expand_path_spec.rb
@@ -225,6 +225,8 @@
       user = ENV.delete("USER")
       begin
         Etc.getlogin != nil
+      rescue
+        false
       ensure
         ENV["USER"] = user
       end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/hash/constructor_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/hash/constructor_spec.rb
index d32117b5a18a9e..14674a018bd7d6 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/hash/constructor_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/hash/constructor_spec.rb
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
   end
 
   ruby_version_is "2.7" do
-    it "ignores elements that are not arrays" do
+    it "raises for elements that are not arrays" do
       -> {
         Hash[[:a]].should == {}
       }.should raise_error(ArgumentError)
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/hash/hash_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/hash/hash_spec.rb
index 7c26f02640fa44..3649d4d8de0f62 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/hash/hash_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/hash/hash_spec.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,14 @@
     { 0=>2, 11=>1 }.hash.should == { 11=>1, 0=>2 }.hash
   end
 
+  it "returns a value in which element values do not cancel each other out" do
+    { a: 2, b: 2 }.hash.should_not == { a: 7, b: 7 }.hash
+  end
+
+  it "returns a value in which element keys and values do not cancel each other out" do
+    { :a => :a }.hash.should_not == { :b => :b }.hash
+  end
+
   it "generates a hash for recursive hash structures" do
     h = {}
     h[:a] = h
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/hash/merge_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/hash/merge_spec.rb
index e90beae87a8790..54abcb816d411c 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/hash/merge_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/hash/merge_spec.rb
@@ -63,6 +63,24 @@
     merge_pairs.should == each_pairs
   end
 
+  it "preserves the order of merged elements" do
+    h1 = { 1 => 2, 3 => 4, 5 => 6 }
+    h2 = { 1 => 7 }
+    merge_pairs = []
+    h1.merge(h2).each_pair { |k, v| merge_pairs << [k, v] }
+    merge_pairs.should == [[1,7], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
+  end
+
+  it "preserves the order of merged elements for large hashes" do
+    h1 = {}
+    h2 = {}
+    merge_pairs = []
+    expected_pairs = []
+    (1..100).each { |x| h1[x] = x; h2[101 - x] = x; expected_pairs << [x, 101 - x] }
+    h1.merge(h2).each_pair { |k, v| merge_pairs << [k, v] }
+    merge_pairs.should == expected_pairs
+  end
+
   ruby_version_is "2.6" do
     it "accepts multiple hashes" do
       result = { a: 1 }.merge({ b: 2 }, { c: 3 }, { d: 4 })
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/autoload_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/autoload_spec.rb
index 3e7a63ede0b3b4..68732a69ef73ae 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/kernel/autoload_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/kernel/autoload_spec.rb
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def check_autoload(const)
   end
 
   describe "when Object is frozen" do
-    it "raises a FrozenError before defining the constant" do
+    it "raises a #{frozen_error_class} before defining the constant" do
       ruby_exe(fixture(__FILE__, "autoload_frozen.rb")).should == "#{frozen_error_class} - nil"
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb
index b041a95d4b9b0b..53a0b3197de024 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/marshal/dump_spec.rb
@@ -449,14 +449,13 @@ def obj.foo; end
         zone = ":\tzoneI\"\bAST\x06:\x06EF" # Last is 'F' (US-ASCII)
         [ "#{base}#{offset}#{zone}", "#{base}#{zone}#{offset}" ].should include(dump)
       end
-
-      it "dumps the zone, but not the offset if zone is UTC" do
-        dump = Marshal.dump(@utc)
-        zone = ":\tzoneI\"\bUTC\x06:\x06EF" # Last is 'F' (US-ASCII)
-        dump.should == "\x04\bIu:\tTime\r#{@utc_dump}\x06#{zone}"
-      end
     end
 
+    it "dumps the zone, but not the offset if zone is UTC" do
+      dump = Marshal.dump(@utc)
+      zone = ":\tzoneI\"\bUTC\x06:\x06EF" # Last is 'F' (US-ASCII)
+      dump.should == "\x04\bIu:\tTime\r#{@utc_dump}\x06#{zone}"
+    end
   end
 
   describe "with an Exception" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/module/name_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/module/name_spec.rb
index 5b0fd88729d1fb..d64684319c0b08 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/module/name_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/module/name_spec.rb
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@
   it "is not nil for a nested module created with the module keyword" do
     m = Module.new
     module m::N; end
-    m::N.name.should =~ /#<Module:0x[0-9a-f]+>::N/
+    m::N.name.should =~ /\A#<Module:0x[0-9a-f]+>::N\z/
   end
 
   it "changes when the module is reachable through a constant path" do
     m = Module.new
     module m::N; end
-    m::N.name.should =~ /#<Module:0x[0-9a-f]+>::N/
+    m::N.name.should =~ /\A#<Module:0x\h+>::N\z/
     ModuleSpecs::Anonymous::WasAnnon = m::N
     m::N.name.should == "ModuleSpecs::Anonymous::WasAnnon"
   end
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ module ModuleToRemove
     module m::Child; end
     child = m::Child
     m.send(:remove_const, :Child)
-    child.name.should =~ /#<Module:0x[0-9a-f]+>::Child/
+    child.name.should =~ /\A#<Module:0x\h+>::Child\z/
   end
 
   it "is set when opened with the module keyword" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/proc/new_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/proc/new_spec.rb
index 7579bfe1b6f68b..60a7320e4bed4e 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/proc/new_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/proc/new_spec.rb
@@ -190,6 +190,17 @@ def some_method
 
       prc.call.should == "hello"
     end
+
+    it "uses the implicit block from an enclosing method when called inside a block" do
+      def some_method
+        proc do |&block|
+          Proc.new
+        end.call { "failing" }
+      end
+      prc = some_method { "hello" }
+
+      prc.call.should == "hello"
+    end
   end
 
   ruby_version_is "2.7" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/proc/shared/call_arguments.rb b/spec/ruby/core/proc/shared/call_arguments.rb
index 2e510b194eecef..a937bd99d074e0 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/proc/shared/call_arguments.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/proc/shared/call_arguments.rb
@@ -4,4 +4,26 @@
     lambda {|&b| b.send(@method)}.send(@method) {1 + 1}.should == 2
     proc {|&b| b.send(@method)}.send(@method) {1 + 1}.should == 2
   end
+
+  it "yields to the block given at declaration and not to the block argument" do
+    proc_creator = Object.new
+    def proc_creator.create
+      Proc.new do |&b|
+        yield
+      end
+    end
+    a_proc = proc_creator.create { 7 }
+    a_proc.send(@method) { 3 }.should == 7
+  end
+
+  it "can call its block argument declared with a block argument" do
+    proc_creator = Object.new
+    def proc_creator.create(method_name)
+      Proc.new do |&b|
+        yield + b.send(method_name)
+      end
+    end
+    a_proc = proc_creator.create(@method) { 7 }
+    a_proc.call { 3 }.should == 10
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/compile_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/compile_spec.rb
index 4088c17c3cc7f3..329cb4f753ce92 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/compile_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/compile_spec.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 require_relative '../../spec_helper'
-require_relative 'shared/new_ascii'
-require_relative 'shared/new_ascii_8bit'
+require_relative 'shared/new'
 
 describe "Regexp.compile" do
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_ascii, :compile
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_ascii_8bit, :compile
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new, :compile
 end
 
 describe "Regexp.compile given a String" do
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string_ascii, :compile
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string_ascii_8bit, :compile
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string, :compile
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string_binary, :compile
 end
 
 describe "Regexp.compile given a Regexp" do
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_regexp_ascii, :compile
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_regexp_ascii_8bit, :compile
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_regexp, :compile
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/new_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/new_spec.rb
index dbac7a5a33824d..8259b61714955b 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/new_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/new_spec.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
 require_relative '../../spec_helper'
-require_relative 'shared/new_ascii'
-require_relative 'shared/new_ascii_8bit'
+require_relative 'shared/new'
 
 describe "Regexp.new" do
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_ascii, :new
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_ascii_8bit, :new
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new, :new
 end
 
 describe "Regexp.new given a String" do
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string_ascii, :new
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string_ascii_8bit, :new
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string, :new
 end
 
 describe "Regexp.new given a Regexp" do
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_regexp_ascii, :new
-  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_regexp_ascii_8bit, :new
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_regexp, :new
+  it_behaves_like :regexp_new_string_binary, :compile
 end
 
 describe "Regexp.new given a Fixnum" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii_8bit.rb b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new.rb
similarity index 89%
rename from spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii_8bit.rb
rename to spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new.rb
index 5110a0838073e5..e8b80ad7c7a6f8 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii_8bit.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # -*- encoding: ascii-8bit -*-
 
-describe :regexp_new_ascii_8bit, shared: true do
+describe :regexp_new, shared: true do
   it "requires one argument and creates a new regular expression object" do
     Regexp.send(@method, '').is_a?(Regexp).should == true
   end
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo < Regexp; end
   end
 end
 
-describe :regexp_new_string_ascii_8bit, shared: true do
+describe :regexp_new_string, shared: true do
   it "uses the String argument as an unescaped literal to construct a Regexp object" do
     Regexp.send(@method, "^hi{2,3}fo.o$").should == /^hi{2,3}fo.o$/
   end
@@ -146,6 +146,10 @@ class RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo < Regexp; end
       lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\") }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
     end
 
+    it "does not raise a Regexp error if there is an escaped trailing backslash" do
+      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\\\") }.should_not raise_error(RegexpError)
+    end
+
     it "accepts a backspace followed by a character" do
       Regexp.send(@method, "\\N").should == /#{"\x5c"+"N"}/
     end
@@ -158,14 +162,6 @@ class RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo < Regexp; end
       Regexp.send(@method, "\11").should == /#{"\x09"}/
     end
 
-    it "accepts a three-digit octal value" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\315").should == /#{"\xcd"}/
-    end
-
-    it "interprets a digit following a three-digit octal value as a character" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\3762").should == /#{"\xfe2"}/
-    end
-
     it "accepts a one-digit hexadecimal value" do
       Regexp.send(@method, "\x9n").should == /#{"\x09n"}/
     end
@@ -242,118 +238,6 @@ class RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo < Regexp; end
       Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\e").should == /#{"\x1b"}/
     end
 
-    it "accepts '\\c\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\n").should == /#{"\x0a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\t").should == /#{"\x09"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\r").should == /#{"\x0d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\f").should == /#{"\x0c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\v").should == /#{"\x0b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\a").should == /#{"\x07"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\e").should == /#{"\x1b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\n").should == /#{"\x8a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\t").should == /#{"\x89"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\r").should == /#{"\x8d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\f").should == /#{"\x8c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\v").should == /#{"\x8b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\a").should == /#{"\x87"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\e").should == /#{"\x9b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\n").should == /#{"\x8a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\t").should == /#{"\x89"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\r").should == /#{"\x8d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\f").should == /#{"\x8c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\v").should == /#{"\x8b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\a").should == /#{"\x87"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\e").should == /#{"\x9b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\n").should == /#{"\x8a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\t").should == /#{"\x89"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\r").should == /#{"\x8d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\f").should == /#{"\x8c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\v").should == /#{"\x8b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\a").should == /#{"\x87"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\M-\\c\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\e").should == /#{"\x9b"}/
-    end
-
     it "accepts multiple consecutive '\\' characters" do
       Regexp.send(@method, "\\\\\\N").should == /#{"\\\\\\"+"N"}/
     end
@@ -494,7 +378,75 @@ class RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo < Regexp; end
   end
 end
 
-describe :regexp_new_regexp_ascii_8bit, shared: true do
+describe :regexp_new_string_binary, shared: true do
+  describe "with escaped characters" do
+    it "accepts a three-digit octal value" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\315").should == /#{"\xcd"}/
+    end
+
+    it "interprets a digit following a three-digit octal value as a character" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\3762").should == /#{"\xfe2"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\n'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\n").should == /#{"\x8a"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\t'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\t").should == /#{"\x89"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\r'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\r").should == /#{"\x8d"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\f'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\f").should == /#{"\x8c"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\v'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\v").should == /#{"\x8b"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\a'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\a").should == /#{"\x87"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\e'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\e").should == /#{"\x9b"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\n'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\n").should == /#{"\x8a"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\t'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\t").should == /#{"\x89"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\r'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\r").should == /#{"\x8d"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\f'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\f").should == /#{"\x8c"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\v'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\v").should == /#{"\x8b"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\a'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\a").should == /#{"\x87"}/
+    end
+
+    it "accepts '\\M-\\C-\\e'" do
+      Regexp.send(@method, "\M-\C-\e").should == /#{"\x9b"}/
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+describe :regexp_new_regexp, shared: true do
   it "uses the argument as a literal to construct a Regexp object" do
     Regexp.send(@method, /^hi{2,3}fo.o$/).should == /^hi{2,3}fo.o$/
   end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii.rb b/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 98c458312e832d..00000000000000
--- a/spec/ruby/core/regexp/shared/new_ascii.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,464 +0,0 @@
-# -*- encoding: binary -*-
-describe :regexp_new_ascii, shared: true do
-  it "requires one argument and creates a new regular expression object" do
-    Regexp.send(@method, '').is_a?(Regexp).should == true
-  end
-
-  it "works by default for subclasses with overridden #initialize" do
-    class RegexpSpecsSubclass < Regexp
-      def initialize(*args)
-        super
-        @args = args
-      end
-
-      attr_accessor :args
-    end
-
-    class RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo < Regexp; end
-
-    RegexpSpecsSubclass.send(@method, "hi").should be_kind_of(RegexpSpecsSubclass)
-    RegexpSpecsSubclass.send(@method, "hi").args.first.should == "hi"
-
-    RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo.send(@method, "hi").should be_kind_of(RegexpSpecsSubclassTwo)
-  end
-end
-
-describe :regexp_new_string_ascii, shared: true do
-  it "uses the String argument as an unescaped literal to construct a Regexp object" do
-    Regexp.send(@method, "^hi{2,3}fo.o$").should == /^hi{2,3}fo.o$/
-  end
-
-  it "raises a RegexpError when passed an incorrect regexp" do
-    lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "^[$", 0) }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
-  end
-
-  it "does not set Regexp options if only given one argument" do
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi')
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-  end
-
-  it "does not set Regexp options if second argument is nil or false" do
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', false)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-  end
-
-  it "sets options from second argument if it is one of the Fixnum option constants" do
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', Regexp::IGNORECASE)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should_not == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', Regexp::MULTILINE)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should_not == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', Regexp::EXTENDED)
-      (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-      (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should_not == 1
-    end
-  end
-
-  it "accepts a Fixnum of two or more options ORed together as the second argument" do
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', Regexp::IGNORECASE | Regexp::EXTENDED)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should_not == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should_not == 0
-  end
-
-  it "treats any non-Fixnum, non-nil, non-false second argument as IGNORECASE" do
-    r = Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', Object.new)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should_not == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-  end
-
-  it "ignores the third argument if it is 'e' or 'euc' (case-insensitive)" do
-    lambda {
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'e').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'euc').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'E').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'EUC').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    }.should complain(/encoding option is ignored/)
-  end
-
-  it "ignores the third argument if it is 's' or 'sjis' (case-insensitive)" do
-    lambda {
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 's').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'sjis').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'S').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'SJIS').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    }.should complain(/encoding option is ignored/)
-  end
-
-  it "ignores the third argument if it is 'u' or 'utf8' (case-insensitive)" do
-    lambda {
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'u').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'utf8').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'U').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-      Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'UTF8').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    }.should complain(/encoding option is ignored/)
-  end
-
-  it "uses US_ASCII encoding if third argument is 'n' or 'none' (case insensitive) and only ascii characters" do
-    Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'n').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'none').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'N').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    Regexp.send(@method, 'Hi', nil, 'NONE').encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-  end
-
-  it "uses ASCII_8BIT encoding if third argument is 'n' or 'none' (case insensitive) and non-ascii characters" do
-    a = "(?:[\x8E\xA1-\xFE])"
-    str = "\A(?:#{a}|x*)\z"
-
-    Regexp.send(@method, str, nil, 'N').encoding.should == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
-    Regexp.send(@method, str, nil, 'n').encoding.should == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
-    Regexp.send(@method, str, nil, 'none').encoding.should == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
-    Regexp.send(@method, str, nil, 'NONE').encoding.should == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
-  end
-
-  describe "with escaped characters" do
-    it "raises a Regexp error if there is a trailing backslash" do
-      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\") }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
-    end
-
-    it "does not raise a Regexp error if there is an escaped trailing backslash" do
-      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\\\") }.should_not raise_error(RegexpError)
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a backspace followed by a character" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\\N").should == /#{"\x5c"+"N"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a one-digit octal value" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\0").should == /#{"\x00"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a two-digit octal value" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\11").should == /#{"\x09"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a one-digit hexadecimal value" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\x9n").should == /#{"\x09n"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a two-digit hexadecimal value" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\x23").should == /#{"\x23"}/
-    end
-
-    it "interprets a digit following a two-digit hexadecimal value as a character" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\x420").should == /#{"\x420"}/
-    end
-
-    it "raises a RegexpError if \\x is not followed by any hexadecimal digits" do
-      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\" + "xn") }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
-    end
-
-    it "accepts an escaped string interpolation" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\#{abc}").should == /#{"\#{abc}"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\n").should == /#{"\x0a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\t").should == /#{"\x09"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\r").should == /#{"\x0d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\f").should == /#{"\x0c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\v").should == /#{"\x0b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\a").should == /#{"\x07"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\e").should == /#{"\x1b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\n").should == /#{"\x0a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\t").should == /#{"\x09"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\r").should == /#{"\x0d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\f").should == /#{"\x0c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\v").should == /#{"\x0b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\a").should == /#{"\x07"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\C-\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\e").should == /#{"\x1b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\n'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\n").should == /#{"\x0a"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\t'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\t").should == /#{"\x09"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\r'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\r").should == /#{"\x0d"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\f'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\f").should == /#{"\x0c"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\v'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\v").should == /#{"\x0b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\a'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\a").should == /#{"\x07"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts '\\c\\e'" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\C-\e").should == /#{"\x1b"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts multiple consecutive '\\' characters" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\\\\\\N").should == /#{"\\\\\\"+"N"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts characters and escaped octal digits" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "abc\076").should == /#{"abc\x3e"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped octal digits and characters" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\076abc").should == /#{"\x3eabc"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts characters and escaped hexadecimal digits" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "abc\x42").should == /#{"abc\x42"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped hexadecimal digits and characters" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\x3eabc").should == /#{"\x3eabc"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped hexadecimal and octal digits" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\061\x42").should == /#{"\x31\x42"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{H} for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{f}").should == /#{"\x0f"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{HH} for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{7f}").should == /#{"\x7f"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{HHH} for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{07f}").should == /#{"\x7f"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{HHHH} for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{0000}").should == /#{"\x00"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{HHHHH} for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{00001}").should == /#{"\x01"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{HHHHHH} for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{000000}").should == /#{"\x00"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts characters followed by \\u{HHHH}" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "abc\u{3042}").should == /#{"abc\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\u{HHHH} followed by characters" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{3042}abc").should == /#{"\u3042abc"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped hexadecimal digits followed by \\u{HHHH}" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\x42\u{3042}").should == /#{"\x42\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped octal digits followed by \\u{HHHH}" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\056\u{3042}").should == /#{"\x2e\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a combination of escaped octal and hexadecimal digits and \\u{HHHH}" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\056\x42\u{3042}\x52\076").should == /#{"\x2e\x42\u3042\x52\x3e"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\uHHHH for a single Unicode codepoint" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u3042").should == /#{"\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts characters followed by \\uHHHH" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "abc\u3042").should == /#{"abc\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts \\uHHHH followed by characters" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u3042abc").should == /#{"\u3042abc"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped hexadecimal digits followed by \\uHHHH" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\x42\u3042").should == /#{"\x42\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts escaped octal digits followed by \\uHHHH" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\056\u3042").should == /#{"\x2e\u3042"}/
-    end
-
-    it "accepts a combination of escaped octal and hexadecimal digits and \\uHHHH" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\056\x42\u3042\x52\076").should == /#{"\x2e\x42\u3042\x52\x3e"}/
-    end
-
-    it "raises a RegexpError if less than four digits are given for \\uHHHH" do
-      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\" + "u304") }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
-    end
-
-    it "raises a RegexpError if the \\u{} escape is empty" do
-      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\" + "u{}") }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
-    end
-
-    it "raises a RegexpError if more than six hexadecimal digits are given" do
-      lambda { Regexp.send(@method, "\\" + "u{0ffffff}") }.should raise_error(RegexpError)
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with US-ASCII encoding if only 7-bit ASCII characters are present regardless of the input String's encoding" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "abc").encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with source String having US-ASCII encoding if only 7-bit ASCII characters are present regardless of the input String's encoding" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "abc").source.encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with US-ASCII encoding if UTF-8 escape sequences using only 7-bit ASCII are present" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{61}").encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with source String having US-ASCII encoding if UTF-8 escape sequences using only 7-bit ASCII are present" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{61}").source.encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with UTF-8 encoding if any UTF-8 escape sequences outside 7-bit ASCII are present" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{ff}").encoding.should == Encoding::UTF_8
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with source String having UTF-8 encoding if any UTF-8 escape sequences outside 7-bit ASCII are present" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, "\u{ff}").source.encoding.should == Encoding::UTF_8
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with the input String's encoding" do
-      str = "\x82\xa0".force_encoding(Encoding::Shift_JIS)
-      Regexp.send(@method, str).encoding.should == Encoding::Shift_JIS
-    end
-
-    it "returns a Regexp with source String having the input String's encoding" do
-      str = "\x82\xa0".force_encoding(Encoding::Shift_JIS)
-      Regexp.send(@method, str).source.encoding.should == Encoding::Shift_JIS
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-describe :regexp_new_regexp_ascii, shared: true do
-  it "uses the argument as a literal to construct a Regexp object" do
-    Regexp.send(@method, /^hi{2,3}fo.o$/).should == /^hi{2,3}fo.o$/
-  end
-
-  it "preserves any options given in the Regexp literal" do
-    (Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/i).options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should_not == 0
-    (Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/m).options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should_not == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/x).options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should_not == 0
-    end
-
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      r = Regexp.send @method, /Hi/imx
-      (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should_not == 0
-      (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should_not == 0
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should_not == 0
-    end
-
-    r = Regexp.send @method, /Hi/
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-    (r.options & Regexp::MULTILINE).should == 0
-    not_supported_on :opal do
-      (r.options & Regexp::EXTENDED).should == 0
-    end
-  end
-
-  it "does not honour options given as additional arguments" do
-    r = nil
-    lambda {
-      r = Regexp.send @method, /hi/, Regexp::IGNORECASE
-    }.should complain(/flags ignored/)
-    (r.options & Regexp::IGNORECASE).should == 0
-  end
-
-  not_supported_on :opal do
-    it "sets the encoding to UTF-8 if the Regexp literal has the 'u' option" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/u).encoding.should == Encoding::UTF_8
-    end
-
-    it "sets the encoding to EUC-JP if the Regexp literal has the 'e' option" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/e).encoding.should == Encoding::EUC_JP
-    end
-
-    it "sets the encoding to Windows-31J if the Regexp literal has the 's' option" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/s).encoding.should == Encoding::Windows_31J
-    end
-
-    it "sets the encoding to US-ASCII if the Regexp literal has the 'n' option and the source String is ASCII only" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, /Hi/n).encoding.should == Encoding::US_ASCII
-    end
-
-    it "sets the encoding to source String's encoding if the Regexp literal has the 'n' option and the source String is not ASCII only" do
-      Regexp.send(@method, Regexp.new("\\xff", nil, 'n')).encoding.should == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/string/uminus_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/string/uminus_spec.rb
index fd9e8c1d52731d..dace04846c1d6a 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/string/uminus_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/string/uminus_spec.rb
@@ -41,6 +41,23 @@
 
       (-dynamic).should_not equal("this string is frozen".freeze)
       (-dynamic).should_not equal(-"this string is frozen".freeze)
+      (-dynamic).should == "this string is frozen"
+    end
+
+    it "does not deduplicate tainted strings" do
+      dynamic = %w(this string is frozen).join(' ')
+      dynamic.taint
+      (-dynamic).should_not equal("this string is frozen".freeze)
+      (-dynamic).should_not equal(-"this string is frozen".freeze)
+      (-dynamic).should == "this string is frozen"
+    end
+
+    it "does not deduplicate strings with additional instance variables" do
+      dynamic = %w(this string is frozen).join(' ')
+      dynamic.instance_variable_set(:@foo, :bar)
+      (-dynamic).should_not equal("this string is frozen".freeze)
+      (-dynamic).should_not equal(-"this string is frozen".freeze)
+      (-dynamic).should == "this string is frozen"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/language/yield_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/language/yield_spec.rb
index e4e84481742cdc..8ab698196aa3d0 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/language/yield_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/language/yield_spec.rb
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
     it "ignores assignment to the explicit block argument and calls the passed block" do
       @y.ze { 42 }.should == 42
     end
+
+    it "does not pass a named block to the block being yielded to" do
+      @y.z() { |&block| block == nil }.should == true
+    end
   end
 
   describe "taking a single argument" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/BigDecimal_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/BigDecimal_spec.rb
index 2312a4e910ec7f..98b3f47703a60e 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/BigDecimal_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/BigDecimal_spec.rb
@@ -100,6 +100,34 @@
     neg_inf.should < 0
   end
 
+  describe "accepts NaN and [+-]Infinity as Float values" do
+    it "works without an explicit precision" do
+      BigDecimal(Float::NAN).nan?.should == true
+
+      pos_inf = BigDecimal(Float::INFINITY)
+      pos_inf.finite?.should == false
+      pos_inf.should > 0
+      pos_inf.should == BigDecimal("+Infinity")
+
+      neg_inf = BigDecimal(-Float::INFINITY)
+      neg_inf.finite?.should == false
+      neg_inf.should < 0
+    end
+
+    it "works with an explicit precision" do
+      BigDecimal(Float::NAN, Float::DIG).nan?.should == true
+
+      pos_inf = BigDecimal(Float::INFINITY, Float::DIG)
+      pos_inf.finite?.should == false
+      pos_inf.should > 0
+      pos_inf.should == BigDecimal("+Infinity")
+
+      neg_inf = BigDecimal(-Float::INFINITY, Float::DIG)
+      neg_inf.finite?.should == false
+      neg_inf.should < 0
+    end
+  end
+
   it "allows for [eEdD] as exponent separator" do
     reference = BigDecimal("12345.67E89")
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/clone_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/clone_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b3a1c61d6a6a01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/clone_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require_relative 'shared/clone'
+
+describe "BigDecimal#dup" do
+  it_behaves_like :bigdecimal_clone, :clone
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/constants_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/constants_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..1e08c6779bc0e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/constants_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require 'bigdecimal'
+
+describe "BigDecimal constants" do
+  ruby_version_is "2.5" do
+    it "defines a VERSION value" do
+      BigDecimal.const_defined?(:VERSION).should be_true
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "has a BASE value" do
+    platform_is wordsize: 64 do
+      BigDecimal::BASE.should == 1000000000
+    end
+
+    platform_is wordsize: 32 do
+      BigDecimal::BASE.should == 10000
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "has a NaN value" do
+    BigDecimal::NAN.nan?.should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "has an INFINITY value" do
+    BigDecimal::INFINITY.infinite?.should == 1
+  end
+
+  describe "exception-related constants" do
+    [
+      [:EXCEPTION_ALL, 0xff],
+      [:EXCEPTION_INFINITY, 0x01],
+      [:EXCEPTION_NaN, 0x02],
+      [:EXCEPTION_UNDERFLOW, 0x04],
+      [:EXCEPTION_OVERFLOW, 0x01],
+      [:EXCEPTION_ZERODIVIDE, 0x10]
+    ].each do |const, value|
+      it "has a #{const} value" do
+        BigDecimal.const_get(const).should == value
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "rounding-related constants" do
+    [
+      [:ROUND_MODE, 0x100],
+      [:ROUND_UP, 1],
+      [:ROUND_DOWN, 2],
+      [:ROUND_HALF_UP, 3],
+      [:ROUND_HALF_DOWN, 4],
+      [:ROUND_CEILING, 5],
+      [:ROUND_FLOOR, 6],
+      [:ROUND_HALF_EVEN, 7]
+    ].each do |const, value|
+      it "has a #{const} value" do
+        BigDecimal.const_get(const).should == value
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "sign-related constants" do
+    [
+      [:SIGN_NaN, 0],
+      [:SIGN_POSITIVE_ZERO, 1],
+      [:SIGN_NEGATIVE_ZERO, -1],
+      [:SIGN_POSITIVE_FINITE, 2],
+      [:SIGN_NEGATIVE_FINITE, -2],
+      [:SIGN_POSITIVE_INFINITE, 3],
+      [:SIGN_NEGATIVE_INFINITE, -3]
+    ].each do |const, value|
+      it "has a #{const} value" do
+        BigDecimal.const_get(const).should == value
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/dup_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/dup_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..bfabaf6e8b7c29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/dup_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require_relative 'shared/clone'
+
+describe "BigDecimal#dup" do
+  it_behaves_like :bigdecimal_clone, :dup
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/hash_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/hash_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..7581c90f681bee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/hash_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require 'bigdecimal'
+
+describe "BidDecimal#hash" do
+  describe "two BigDecimal objects with the same value" do
+    it "should have the same hash for ordinary values" do
+      BigDecimal('1.2920').hash.should == BigDecimal('1.2920').hash
+    end
+
+    it "should have the same hash for infinite values" do
+      BigDecimal("+Infinity").hash.should == BigDecimal("+Infinity").hash
+      BigDecimal("-Infinity").hash.should == BigDecimal("-Infinity").hash
+    end
+
+    it "should have the same hash for NaNs" do
+      BigDecimal("NaN").hash.should == BigDecimal("NaN").hash
+    end
+
+    it "should have the same hash for zero values" do
+      BigDecimal("+0").hash.should == BigDecimal("+0").hash
+      BigDecimal("-0").hash.should == BigDecimal("-0").hash
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "two BigDecimal objects with numerically equal values" do
+    it "should have the same hash value" do
+      BigDecimal("1.2920").hash.should == BigDecimal("1.2920000").hash
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/inspect_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/inspect_spec.rb
index cd2f1a3cd492f4..18e9ca9a0ce69a 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/inspect_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/inspect_spec.rb
@@ -14,4 +14,11 @@
   it "looks like this" do
     @bigdec.inspect.should == "0.12345678e4"
   end
+
+  it "properly cases non-finite values" do
+    BigDecimal("NaN").inspect.should == "NaN"
+    BigDecimal("Infinity").inspect.should == "Infinity"
+    BigDecimal("+Infinity").inspect.should == "Infinity"
+    BigDecimal("-Infinity").inspect.should == "-Infinity"
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/shared/clone.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/shared/clone.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..e58df3a94b0758
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/shared/clone.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+require 'bigdecimal'
+
+describe :bigdecimal_clone, shared: true do
+  before :each do
+    @obj = BigDecimal("1.2345")
+  end
+
+  ruby_version_is "" ... "2.5" do
+    it "copies the BigDecimal's value to a newly allocated object" do
+      copy = @obj.public_send(@method)
+
+      copy.should_not equal(@obj)
+      copy.should == @obj
+    end
+  end
+
+  ruby_version_is "2.5" do
+    it "returns self" do
+      copy = @obj.public_send(@method)
+
+      copy.should equal(@obj)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/to_d_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/to_d_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..8e20901fd9f6e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/bigdecimal/to_d_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require 'bigdecimal'
+require 'bigdecimal/util'
+
+
+describe "Float#to_d" do
+  it "returns appropriate BigDecimal zero for signed zero" do
+    -0.0.to_d.sign.should == -1
+    0.0.to_d.sign.should == 1
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/objectspace/memsize_of_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/objectspace/memsize_of_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..06a80d9f9cdd7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/objectspace/memsize_of_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require 'objspace'
+
+describe "ObjectSpace.memsize_of" do
+  it "returns 0 for true, false and nil" do
+    ObjectSpace.memsize_of(true).should == 0
+    ObjectSpace.memsize_of(false).should == 0
+    ObjectSpace.memsize_of(nil).should == 0
+  end
+
+  it "returns 0 for small Integers" do
+    ObjectSpace.memsize_of(42).should == 0
+  end
+
+  it "returns an Integer for an Object" do
+    obj = Object.new
+    ObjectSpace.memsize_of(obj).should be_kind_of(Integer)
+    ObjectSpace.memsize_of(obj).should > 0
+  end
+
+  it "is larger if the Object has more instance variables" do
+    obj = Object.new
+    before = ObjectSpace.memsize_of(obj)
+    100.times do |i|
+      obj.instance_variable_set(:"@foo#{i}", nil)
+    end
+    after = ObjectSpace.memsize_of(obj)
+    after.should > before
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/objectspace/reachable_objects_from_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/objectspace/reachable_objects_from_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..7e70bc85691989
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/objectspace/reachable_objects_from_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+require_relative '../../spec_helper'
+require 'objspace'
+
+describe "ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from" do
+  it "returns nil for true and false" do
+    ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(true).should == nil
+    ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(false).should == nil
+  end
+
+  it "returns nil for nil" do
+    ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(nil).should == nil
+  end
+
+  it "returns nil for small Integers" do
+    ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(42).should == nil
+  end
+
+  it "enumerates objects directly reachable from a given object" do
+    ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(['a', 'b', 'c']).should include(Array, 'a', 'b', 'c')
+    ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(Object.new).should == [Object]
+  end
+
+  it "finds an object stored in an Array" do
+    obj = Object.new
+    ary = [obj]
+    reachable = ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(ary)
+    reachable.should include(obj)
+  end
+
+  it "finds an object stored in a copy-on-write Array" do
+    removed = Object.new
+    obj = Object.new
+    ary = [removed, obj]
+    ary.shift
+    reachable = ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(ary)
+    reachable.should include(obj)
+    reachable.should_not include(removed)
+  end
+
+  it "finds an object stored in a Queue" do
+    require 'thread'
+    o = Object.new
+    q = Queue.new
+    q << o
+
+    reachable = ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(q)
+    reachable = reachable + reachable.flat_map { |r| ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(r) }
+    reachable.should include(o)
+  end
+
+  it "finds an object stored in a SizedQueue" do
+    require 'thread'
+    o = Object.new
+    q = SizedQueue.new(3)
+    q << o
+
+    reachable = ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(q)
+    reachable = reachable + reachable.flat_map { |r| ObjectSpace.reachable_objects_from(r) }
+    reachable.should include(o)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/socket/basicsocket/do_not_reverse_lookup_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/socket/basicsocket/do_not_reverse_lookup_spec.rb
index 85a66275f8ee05..a8800a849326a2 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/socket/basicsocket/do_not_reverse_lookup_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/socket/basicsocket/do_not_reverse_lookup_spec.rb
@@ -37,3 +37,67 @@
     @socket.peeraddr[2].should == "127.0.0.1"
   end
 end
+
+describe :socket_do_not_reverse_lookup, shared: true do
+  it "inherits from BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup when the socket is created" do
+    @socket = @method.call
+    reverse = BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup
+    @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup.should == reverse
+
+    BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup = !reverse
+    @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup.should == reverse
+  end
+
+  it "is true when BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup is true" do
+    BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup = true
+    @socket = @method.call
+    @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup.should == true
+  end
+
+  it "is false when BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup is false" do
+    BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup = false
+    @socket = @method.call
+    @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup.should == false
+  end
+
+  it "can be changed with #do_not_reverse_lookup=" do
+    @socket = @method.call
+    reverse = @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup
+    @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup = !reverse
+    @socket.do_not_reverse_lookup.should == !reverse
+  end
+end
+
+describe "BasicSocket#do_not_reverse_lookup" do
+  before :each do
+    @do_not_reverse_lookup = BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup
+    @server = TCPServer.new('127.0.0.1', 0)
+    @port = @server.addr[1]
+  end
+
+  after :each do
+    @server.close unless @server.closed?
+    @socket.close if @socket && !@socket.closed?
+    BasicSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup = @do_not_reverse_lookup
+  end
+
+  describe "for an TCPSocket.new socket" do
+    it_behaves_like :socket_do_not_reverse_lookup, -> {
+      TCPSocket.new('127.0.0.1', @port)
+    }
+  end
+
+  describe "for an TCPServer#accept socket" do
+    before :each do
+      @client = TCPSocket.new('127.0.0.1', @port)
+    end
+
+    after :each do
+      @client.close if @client && !@client.closed?
+    end
+
+    it_behaves_like :socket_do_not_reverse_lookup, -> {
+      @server.accept
+    }
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/socket/fixtures/classes.rb b/spec/ruby/library/socket/fixtures/classes.rb
index 4cfa084333cb20..6cc7ecb389e56d 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/socket/fixtures/classes.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/socket/fixtures/classes.rb
@@ -72,24 +72,11 @@ def self.each_ip_protocol
   end
 
   def self.loop_with_timeout(timeout = TIME_TOLERANCE)
-    require 'timeout'
-    time = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
+    start = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
 
-    loop do
-      if Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - time >= timeout
-        raise TimeoutError, "Did not succeed within #{timeout} seconds"
-      end
-
-      sleep 0.01 # necessary on OSX; don't know why
-      yield
-    end
-  end
-
-  def self.wait_until_success(timeout = TIME_TOLERANCE)
-    loop_with_timeout(timeout) do
-      begin
-        return yield
-      rescue
+    while yield == :retry
+      if Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - start >= timeout
+        raise RuntimeError, "Did not succeed within #{timeout} seconds"
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/tcp_server_loop_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/tcp_server_loop_spec.rb
index 617e3d445c69f2..15865a028c4466 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/tcp_server_loop_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/tcp_server_loop_spec.rb
@@ -31,8 +31,13 @@
         end
       end
 
-      SocketSpecs.wait_until_success do
-        @client.connect(Socket.sockaddr_in(@port, '127.0.0.1'))
+      SocketSpecs.loop_with_timeout do
+        begin
+          @client.connect(Socket.sockaddr_in(@port, '127.0.0.1'))
+        rescue SystemCallError
+          sleep 0.01
+          :retry
+        end
       end
 
       # At this point the connection has been set up but the thread may not yet
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/udp_server_loop_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/udp_server_loop_spec.rb
index 95f73a5c35f1b6..c6abfb4eb9abf0 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/udp_server_loop_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/udp_server_loop_spec.rb
@@ -35,9 +35,17 @@
       @client.connect(Socket.sockaddr_in(@port, '127.0.0.1'))
 
       SocketSpecs.loop_with_timeout do
-        SocketSpecs.wait_until_success { @client.write('hello') }
-
-        break if msg
+        begin
+          @client.write('hello')
+        rescue SystemCallError
+          sleep 0.01
+          :retry
+        else
+          unless msg
+            sleep 0.001
+            :retry
+          end
+        end
       end
 
       msg.should == 'hello'
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/unix_server_loop_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/unix_server_loop_spec.rb
index 52c535cd450f7a..a2d2ad9fdb252e 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/unix_server_loop_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/socket/socket/unix_server_loop_spec.rb
@@ -39,7 +39,14 @@
           end
         end
 
-        @client = SocketSpecs.wait_until_success { Socket.unix(@path) }
+        SocketSpecs.loop_with_timeout do
+          begin
+            @client = Socket.unix(@path)
+          rescue SystemCallError
+            sleep 0.01
+            :retry
+          end
+        end
 
         thread.join(2)
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/library/tempfile/open_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/library/tempfile/open_spec.rb
index c4c3d91051757b..ef2c95376f2ce6 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/library/tempfile/open_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/library/tempfile/open_spec.rb
@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@
       tempfile.binmode?.should be_true
     end
   end
+
+  it "uses a blank string for basename when passed no arguments" do
+    Tempfile.open() do |tempfile|
+      @tempfile = tempfile
+      tempfile.closed?.should be_false
+    end
+    @tempfile.should_not == nil
+  end
 end
 
 describe "Tempfile.open when passed a block" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/hash_spec.c b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/hash_spec.c
index 4e9312a1d19b44..c8735cec2c429b 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/hash_spec.c
+++ b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/hash_spec.c
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ VALUE hash_spec_rb_hash_lookup2(VALUE self, VALUE hash, VALUE key, VALUE def) {
   return rb_hash_lookup2(hash, key, def);
 }
 
+VALUE hash_spec_rb_hash_lookup2_default_undef(VALUE self, VALUE hash, VALUE key) {
+  VALUE ret = rb_hash_lookup2(hash, key, Qundef);
+  return ret == Qundef ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
 VALUE hash_spec_rb_hash_new(VALUE self) {
   return rb_hash_new();
 }
@@ -127,6 +132,7 @@ void Init_hash_spec(void) {
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_lookup_nil", hash_spec_rb_hash_lookup_nil, 2);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_lookup", hash_spec_rb_hash_lookup, 2);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_lookup2", hash_spec_rb_hash_lookup2, 3);
+  rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_lookup2_default_undef", hash_spec_rb_hash_lookup2_default_undef, 2);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_new", hash_spec_rb_hash_new, 0);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_size", hash_spec_rb_hash_size, 1);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_hash_set_ifnone", hash_spec_rb_hash_set_ifnone, 2);
diff --git a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/kernel_spec.c b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/kernel_spec.c
index 48e2b1ca954c27..ed6e08a880ff66 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/kernel_spec.c
+++ b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/kernel_spec.c
@@ -175,6 +175,17 @@ static VALUE kernel_spec_rb_protect_yield(VALUE self, VALUE obj, VALUE ary) {
   return res;
 }
 
+static VALUE kernel_spec_rb_eval_string_protect(VALUE self, VALUE str, VALUE ary) {
+  int status = 0;
+  VALUE res = rb_eval_string_protect(RSTRING_PTR(str), &status);
+  rb_ary_store(ary, 0, INT2NUM(23));
+  rb_ary_store(ary, 1, res);
+  if (status) {
+    rb_jump_tag(status);
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+
 VALUE kernel_spec_rb_sys_fail(VALUE self, VALUE msg) {
   errno = 1;
   if(msg == Qnil) {
@@ -301,6 +312,7 @@ void Init_kernel_spec(void) {
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_rescue", kernel_spec_rb_rescue, 4);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_rescue2", kernel_spec_rb_rescue2, -1);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_protect_yield", kernel_spec_rb_protect_yield, 2);
+  rb_define_method(cls, "rb_eval_string_protect", kernel_spec_rb_eval_string_protect, 2);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_catch", kernel_spec_rb_catch, 2);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_catch_obj", kernel_spec_rb_catch_obj, 2);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_sys_fail", kernel_spec_rb_sys_fail, 1);
diff --git a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/util_spec.c b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/util_spec.c
index d99ed12e14b8a1..181949ee4b28db 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/util_spec.c
+++ b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/ext/util_spec.c
@@ -44,6 +44,30 @@ VALUE util_spec_rb_scan_args(VALUE self, VALUE argv, VALUE fmt, VALUE expected,
   return INT2NUM(result);
 }
 
+static VALUE util_spec_rb_get_kwargs(VALUE self, VALUE keyword_hash, VALUE keys, VALUE required, VALUE optional) {
+  int req = FIX2INT(required);
+  int opt = FIX2INT(optional);
+  int len = RARRAY_LEN(keys);
+
+  int values_len = req + (opt < 0 ? -1 - opt : opt);
+  int i = 0;
+
+  ID *ids = malloc(sizeof(VALUE) * len);
+  VALUE *results = malloc(sizeof(VALUE) * values_len);
+  int extracted = 0;
+  VALUE ary = Qundef;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    ids[i] = SYM2ID(rb_ary_entry(keys, i));
+  }
+
+  extracted = rb_get_kwargs(keyword_hash, ids, req, opt, results);
+  ary = rb_ary_new_from_values(extracted, results);
+  free(results);
+  free(ids);
+  return ary;
+}
+
 static VALUE util_spec_rb_long2int(VALUE self, VALUE n) {
   return INT2NUM(rb_long2int(NUM2LONG(n)));
 }
@@ -64,6 +88,7 @@ static VALUE util_spec_rb_sourceline(VALUE self) {
 void Init_util_spec(void) {
   VALUE cls = rb_define_class("CApiUtilSpecs", rb_cObject);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_scan_args", util_spec_rb_scan_args, 4);
+  rb_define_method(cls, "rb_get_kwargs", util_spec_rb_get_kwargs, 4);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_long2int", util_spec_rb_long2int, 1);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_iter_break", util_spec_rb_iter_break, 0);
   rb_define_method(cls, "rb_sourcefile", util_spec_rb_sourcefile, 0);
diff --git a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/hash_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/hash_spec.rb
index f584e730066b3e..92dc62d55b3112 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/hash_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/hash_spec.rb
@@ -211,6 +211,11 @@
 
         @s.rb_hash_lookup2(hash, :chunky, 10).should == 10
       end
+
+      it "returns undefined if that is the default value specified" do
+        hsh = Hash.new(0)
+        @s.rb_hash_lookup2_default_undef(hsh, :chunky).should be_true
+      end
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/kernel_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/kernel_spec.rb
index ab6c2bceef55de..3fb2c8ed2d3f41 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/kernel_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/kernel_spec.rb
@@ -292,6 +292,22 @@
     end
   end
 
+  describe "rb_eval_string_protect" do
+    it "will evaluate the given string" do
+      proof = []
+      res = @s.rb_eval_string_protect('1 + 7', proof)
+      proof.should == [23, 8]
+    end
+
+    it "will allow cleanup code to be run when an exception is raised" do
+      proof = []
+      lambda do
+        @s.rb_eval_string_protect('raise RuntimeError', proof)
+      end.should raise_error(RuntimeError)
+      proof.should == [23, nil]
+    end
+  end
+
   describe "rb_rescue" do
     before :each do
       @proc = lambda { |x| x }
diff --git a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/util_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/util_spec.rb
index 33dc30df8568cd..5f8f9c6e3b1caa 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/optional/capi/util_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/optional/capi/util_spec.rb
@@ -154,6 +154,50 @@
     end
   end
 
+  describe "rb_get_kwargs" do
+    it "extracts required arguments in the order requested" do
+      h = { :a => 7, :b => 5 }
+      @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :a], 2, 0).should == [5, 7]
+      h.should == {}
+    end
+
+    it "extracts required and optional arguments in the order requested" do
+      h = { :a => 7, :c => 12, :b => 5 }
+      @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :a, :c], 2, 1).should == [5, 7, 12]
+      h.should == {}
+    end
+
+    it "accepts nil instead of a hash when only optional arguments are requested" do
+      h = nil
+      @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :a, :c], 0, 3).should == []
+      h.should == nil
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if a required argument is not in the hash" do
+      h = { :a => 7, :c => 12, :b => 5 }
+      lambda { @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :d], 2, 0) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /missing keyword: d/)
+      h.should == {:a => 7, :c => 12}
+    end
+
+    it "does not raise an error for an optional argument not in the hash" do
+      h = { :a => 7, :b => 5 }
+      @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :a, :c], 2, 1).should == [5, 7]
+      h.should == {}
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if there are additional arguments  and optional is positive" do
+      h = { :a => 7, :c => 12, :b => 5 }
+      lambda { @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :a], 2, 0) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /unknown keyword: c/)
+      h.should == {:c => 12}
+    end
+
+    it "leaves additional arguments in the hash if optional is negative" do
+      h = { :a => 7, :c => 12, :b => 5 }
+      @o.rb_get_kwargs(h, [:b, :a], 2, -1).should == [5, 7]
+      h.should == {:c => 12}
+    end
+  end
+
   platform_is wordsize: 64 do
     describe "rb_long2int" do
       it "raises a RangeError if the value is outside the range of a C int" do