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Improve CONTRIBUTING.md #2606

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47 changes: 23 additions & 24 deletions CONTRIBUTING.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -15,41 +15,41 @@ High level approach:

All issues on Clippy are mentored, if you want help with a bug just ask @Manishearth, @llogiq, @mcarton or @oli-obk.

Some issues are easier than others. The [good first issue](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/good%20first%20issue)
Some issues are easier than others. The [`good first issue`](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/good%20first%20issue)
label can be used to find the easy issues. If you want to work on an issue, please leave a comment
so that we can assign it to you!

Issues marked [T-AST](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/T-AST) involve simple
Issues marked [`T-AST`](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/T-AST) involve simple
matching of the syntax tree structure, and are generally easier than
[T-middle](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/T-middle) issues, which involve types
[`T-middle`](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/T-middle) issues, which involve types
and resolved paths.

Issues marked [E-medium](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/E-medium) are generally
pretty easy too, though it's recommended you work on an E-easy issue first. They are mostly classified
as `E-medium`, since they might be somewhat involved code wise, but not difficult per-se.

[Llogiq's blog post on lints](https://llogiq.github.io/2015/06/04/workflows.html) is a nice primer
to lint-writing, though it does get into advanced stuff. Most lints consist of an implementation of
`LintPass` with one or more of its default methods overridden. See the existing lints for examples
of this.

T-AST issues will generally need you to match against a predefined syntax structure. To figure out
[`T-AST`](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/T-AST) issues will generally need you to match against a predefined syntax structure. To figure out
how this syntax structure is encoded in the AST, it is recommended to run `rustc -Z ast-json` on an
example of the structure and compare with the
[nodes in the AST docs](http://manishearth.github.io/rust-internals-docs/syntax/ast/). Usually
the lint will end up to be a nested series of matches and ifs,
[like so](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/blob/de5ccdfab68a5e37689f3c950ed1532ba9d652a0/src/misc.rs#L34).

T-middle issues can be more involved and require verifying types. The
[`E-medium`](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/E-medium) issues are generally
pretty easy too, though it's recommended you work on an E-easy issue first. They are mostly classified
as `E-medium`, since they might be somewhat involved code wise, but not difficult per-se.

[`T-middle`](https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-clippy/labels/T-middle) issues can
be more involved and require verifying types. The
[`ty`](http://manishearth.github.io/rust-internals-docs/rustc/ty) module contains a
lot of methods that are useful, though one of the most useful would be `expr_ty` (gives the type of
an AST expression). `match_def_path()` in Clippy's `utils` module can also be useful.

### Writing code

Compiling clippy can take almost a minute or more depending on your machine.
You can set the environment flag `CARGO_INCREMENTAL=1` to cut down that time to
almost a third on average, depending on the influence your change has.
Compiling clippy from scratch can take almost a minute or more depending on your machine.
However, since Rust 1.24.0 incremental compilation is enabled by default and compile times for small changes should be quick.

[Llogiq's blog post on lints](https://llogiq.github.io/2015/06/04/workflows.html) is a nice primer
to lint-writing, though it does get into advanced stuff. Most lints consist of an implementation of
`LintPass` with one or more of its default methods overridden. See the existing lints for examples
of this.

Please document your lint with a doc comment akin to the following:

Expand All @@ -61,8 +61,13 @@ Please document your lint with a doc comment akin to the following:
/// **Known problems:** None. (Or describe where it could go wrong.)
///
/// **Example:**
///
/// ```rust
/// Insert a short example if you have one.
/// // Bad
/// Insert a short example of code that triggers the lint
///
/// // Good
/// Insert a short example of improved code that doesn't trigger the lint
/// ```
```

Expand All @@ -80,12 +85,6 @@ If you don't want to wait for all tests to finish, you can also execute a single
TESTNAME=ui/empty_line_after_outer_attr cargo test --test compile-test
```

And you can also combine this with `CARGO_INCREMENTAL`:

```bash
CARGO_INCREMENTAL=1 TESTNAME=ui/doc cargo test --test compile-test
```

### Testing manually

Manually testing against an example file is useful if you have added some
Expand Down