diff --git a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/conflict_errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/conflict_errors.rs
index a92cb6bb38d47..72c0257756ef2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/conflict_errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/conflict_errors.rs
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> MirBorrowckCtxt<'cx, 'tcx> {
                     .map_bound(|p| p.predicates),
                 None,
             ),
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 find_fn_kind_from_did(tcx.bound_explicit_item_bounds(*def_id), Some(*substs))
             }
             ty::Closure(_, substs) => match substs.as_closure().kind() {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/region_errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/region_errors.rs
index e6520301818d8..f8ec5e5e79914 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/region_errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/diagnostics/region_errors.rs
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> MirBorrowckCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         let ErrorConstraintInfo { outlived_fr, span, .. } = errci;
 
         let mut output_ty = self.regioncx.universal_regions().unnormalized_output_ty;
-        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = *output_ty.kind() {
+        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = *output_ty.kind() {
             output_ty = self.infcx.tcx.type_of(def_id)
         };
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/transform/validate.rs b/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/transform/validate.rs
index decddf47b715d..bb897b95b2c53 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/transform/validate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/transform/validate.rs
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for TypeChecker<'a, 'tcx> {
                 };
 
                 let kind = match parent_ty.ty.kind() {
-                    &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+                    &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                         self.tcx.bound_type_of(def_id).subst(self.tcx, substs).kind()
                     }
                     kind => kind,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/util/type_name.rs b/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/util/type_name.rs
index dd65d4fd591e5..c4122f6649814 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/util/type_name.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/util/type_name.rs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Printer<'tcx> for AbsolutePathPrinter<'tcx> {
             // Types with identity (print the module path).
             ty::Adt(ty::AdtDef(Interned(&ty::AdtDefData { did: def_id, .. }, _)), substs)
             | ty::FnDef(def_id, substs)
-            | ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+            | ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
             | ty::Closure(def_id, substs)
             | ty::Generator(def_id, substs, _) => self.print_def_path(def_id, substs),
             ty::Foreign(def_id) => self.print_def_path(def_id, &[]),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/astconv/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/astconv/mod.rs
index c8c10385f0cd6..71f26eb60c962 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/astconv/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/astconv/mod.rs
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
         let assoc_bindings = self.create_assoc_bindings_for_generic_args(args);
 
         let poly_trait_ref =
-            ty::Binder::bind_with_vars(ty::TraitRef::new(trait_def_id, substs), bound_vars);
+            ty::Binder::bind_with_vars(tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, substs), bound_vars);
 
         debug!(?poly_trait_ref, ?assoc_bindings);
         bounds.trait_bounds.push((poly_trait_ref, span, constness));
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
         if let Some(b) = trait_segment.args().bindings.first() {
             Self::prohibit_assoc_ty_binding(self.tcx(), b.span);
         }
-        ty::TraitRef::new(trait_def_id, substs)
+        self.tcx().mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, substs)
     }
 
     #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self, span))]
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
 
             debug!(?substs_trait_ref_and_assoc_item);
 
-            ty::AliasTy { def_id: assoc_item.def_id, substs: substs_trait_ref_and_assoc_item }
+            self.tcx().mk_alias_ty(assoc_item.def_id, substs_trait_ref_and_assoc_item)
         });
 
         if !speculative {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/check.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/check.rs
index dd841707b2906..aa01feb3a1ea4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/check.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/check.rs
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ fn check_item_type<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, id: hir::ItemId) {
                             assoc_item,
                             assoc_item,
                             default.span,
-                            ty::TraitRef { def_id: it.owner_id.to_def_id(), substs: trait_substs },
+                            tcx.mk_trait_ref(it.owner_id.to_def_id(), trait_substs),
                         );
                     }
                     _ => {}
@@ -1440,7 +1440,7 @@ fn opaque_type_cycle_error(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId, span: Span) -> E
                 impl<'tcx> ty::visit::TypeVisitor<'tcx> for OpaqueTypeCollector {
                     fn visit_ty(&mut self, t: Ty<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
                         match *t.kind() {
-                            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def, substs: _ }) => {
+                            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def, .. }) => {
                                 self.0.push(def);
                                 ControlFlow::CONTINUE
                             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_method.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_method.rs
index ba7d31cea2e2f..4f4e9a89fc741 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_method.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_method.rs
@@ -1746,10 +1746,7 @@ pub fn check_type_bounds<'tcx>(
             _ => predicates.push(
                 ty::Binder::bind_with_vars(
                     ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-                        projection_ty: ty::AliasTy {
-                            def_id: trait_ty.def_id,
-                            substs: rebased_substs,
-                        },
+                        projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(trait_ty.def_id, rebased_substs),
                         term: impl_ty_value.into(),
                     },
                     bound_vars,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs
index 3c29c72841e44..24008f8881433 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ fn variance_of_opaque(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, item_def_id: LocalDefId) -> &[ty::Varianc
         #[instrument(level = "trace", skip(self), ret)]
         fn visit_ty(&mut self, t: Ty<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
             match t.kind() {
-                ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+                ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
                     if matches!(
                         self.tcx.def_kind(*def_id),
                         DefKind::OpaqueTy | DefKind::ImplTraitPlaceholder
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ fn variance_of_opaque(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, item_def_id: LocalDefId) -> &[ty::Varianc
         // instead of requiring an additional `+ 'a`.
         match pred.kind().skip_binder() {
             ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(ty::TraitPredicate {
-                trait_ref: ty::TraitRef { def_id: _, substs },
+                trait_ref: ty::TraitRef { def_id: _, substs, .. },
                 constness: _,
                 polarity: _,
             })) => {
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ fn variance_of_opaque(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, item_def_id: LocalDefId) -> &[ty::Varianc
                 }
             }
             ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-                projection_ty: ty::AliasTy { substs, def_id: _ },
+                projection_ty: ty::AliasTy { substs, .. },
                 term,
             })) => {
                 for subst in &substs[1..] {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/_match.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/_match.rs
index a86bd80a668b0..ab12cae4e2b08 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/_match.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/_match.rs
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
 
                 let substs = sig.output().walk().find_map(|arg| {
                     if let ty::GenericArgKind::Type(ty) = arg.unpack()
-                        && let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) = *ty.kind()
+                        && let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) = *ty.kind()
                         && def_id == rpit_def_id
                     {
                         Some(substs)
@@ -542,15 +542,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                             ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(trait_pred)) => {
                                 assert_eq!(trait_pred.trait_ref.self_ty(), opaque_ty);
                                 ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(
-                                    trait_pred.with_self_type(self.tcx, ty),
+                                    trait_pred.with_self_ty(self.tcx, ty),
                                 ))
                             }
                             ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(mut proj_pred)) => {
                                 assert_eq!(proj_pred.projection_ty.self_ty(), opaque_ty);
-                                proj_pred.projection_ty.substs = self.tcx.mk_substs_trait(
-                                    ty,
-                                    proj_pred.projection_ty.substs.iter().skip(1),
-                                );
+                                proj_pred = proj_pred.with_self_ty(self.tcx, ty);
                                 ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(proj_pred))
                             }
                             _ => continue,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/closure.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/closure.rs
index a96d27868a6d5..72d8a936ab39d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/closure.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/closure.rs
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         expected_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
     ) -> (Option<ExpectedSig<'tcx>>, Option<ty::ClosureKind>) {
         match *expected_ty.kind() {
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => self
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => self
                 .deduce_signature_from_predicates(
                     self.tcx.bound_explicit_item_bounds(def_id).subst_iter_copied(self.tcx, substs),
                 ),
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                     get_future_output(obligation.predicate, obligation.cause.span)
                 })?
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => self
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => self
                 .tcx
                 .bound_explicit_item_bounds(def_id)
                 .subst_iter_copied(self.tcx, substs)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/coercion.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/coercion.rs
index a4ca7571142b6..36cf4791492dd 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/coercion.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/coercion.rs
@@ -1805,7 +1805,7 @@ impl<'tcx, 'exprs, E: AsCoercionSite> CoerceMany<'tcx, 'exprs, E> {
         {
             let ty = <dyn AstConv<'_>>::ast_ty_to_ty(fcx, ty);
             // Get the `impl Trait`'s `DefId`.
-            if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = ty.kind()
+            if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = ty.kind()
                 // Get the `impl Trait`'s `Item` so that we can get its trait bounds and
                 // get the `Trait`'s `DefId`.
                 && let hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(hir::OpaqueTy { bounds, .. }) =
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/expr.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/expr.rs
index 4e2a785622407..866090260b272 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/expr.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/expr.rs
@@ -2391,7 +2391,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             ty::Param(param_ty) => {
                 self.point_at_param_definition(&mut err, param_ty);
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: _, substs: _ }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, _) => {
                 self.suggest_await_on_field_access(&mut err, ident, base, base_ty.peel_refs());
             }
             _ => {}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/_impl.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/_impl.rs
index c8ea8ba5ab065..1a4e6bf763821 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/_impl.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/_impl.rs
@@ -716,7 +716,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         if formal_ret.has_infer_types() {
             for ty in ret_ty.walk() {
                 if let ty::subst::GenericArgKind::Type(ty) = ty.unpack()
-                    && let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = *ty.kind()
+                    && let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = *ty.kind()
                     && let Some(def_id) = def_id.as_local()
                     && self.opaque_type_origin(def_id, DUMMY_SP).is_some() {
                     return None;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/checks.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/checks.rs
index 615f374b2ec0b..8e520e563ff63 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/checks.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/checks.rs
@@ -2124,7 +2124,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: new_def_id, substs: _ })
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: new_def_id, .. })
                 | ty::Closure(new_def_id, _)
                 | ty::FnDef(new_def_id, _) => {
                     def_id = new_def_id;
@@ -2132,19 +2132,15 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 _ => {
                     // Look for a user-provided impl of a `Fn` trait, and point to it.
                     let new_def_id = self.probe(|_| {
-                        let trait_ref = ty::TraitRef::new(
+                        let trait_ref = self.tcx.mk_trait_ref(
                             call_kind.to_def_id(self.tcx),
-                            self.tcx.mk_substs(
-                                [
-                                    ty::GenericArg::from(callee_ty),
-                                    self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
-                                        kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::MiscVariable,
-                                        span: rustc_span::DUMMY_SP,
-                                    })
-                                    .into(),
-                                ]
-                                .into_iter(),
-                            ),
+                            [
+                                callee_ty,
+                                self.next_ty_var(TypeVariableOrigin {
+                                    kind: TypeVariableOriginKind::MiscVariable,
+                                    span: rustc_span::DUMMY_SP,
+                                }),
+                            ],
                         );
                         let obligation = traits::Obligation::new(
                             self.tcx,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs
index e6e1098e33d74..719f44f9f665a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/fn_ctxt/suggestions.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use rustc_hir_analysis::astconv::AstConv;
 use rustc_infer::infer;
 use rustc_infer::traits::{self, StatementAsExpression};
 use rustc_middle::lint::in_external_macro;
-use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Binder, DefIdTree, IsSuggestable, ToPredicate, Ty};
+use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Binder, DefIdTree, IsSuggestable, Ty};
 use rustc_session::errors::ExprParenthesesNeeded;
 use rustc_span::symbol::sym;
 use rustc_span::Span;
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                     let fn_sig = substs.as_closure().sig();
                     Some((DefIdOrName::DefId(def_id), fn_sig.output(), fn_sig.inputs().map_bound(|inputs| &inputs[1..])))
                 }
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                     self.tcx.bound_item_bounds(def_id).subst(self.tcx, substs).iter().find_map(|pred| {
                         if let ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(proj)) = pred.kind().skip_binder()
                         && Some(proj.projection_ty.def_id) == self.tcx.lang_items().fn_once_output()
@@ -1277,17 +1277,15 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             // Check that we're in fact trying to clone into the expected type
             && self.can_coerce(*pointee_ty, expected_ty)
             // And the expected type doesn't implement `Clone`
-            && !self.predicate_must_hold_considering_regions(&traits::Obligation {
-                cause: traits::ObligationCause::dummy(),
-                param_env: self.param_env,
-                recursion_depth: 0,
-                predicate: ty::Binder::dummy(ty::TraitRef {
-                    def_id: clone_trait_did,
-                    substs: self.tcx.mk_substs([expected_ty.into()].iter()),
-                })
-                .without_const()
-                .to_predicate(self.tcx),
-            })
+            && !self.predicate_must_hold_considering_regions(&traits::Obligation::new(
+                self.tcx,
+                traits::ObligationCause::dummy(),
+                self.param_env,
+                ty::Binder::dummy(self.tcx.mk_trait_ref(
+                    clone_trait_did,
+                    [expected_ty],
+                )),
+            ))
         {
             diag.span_note(
                 callee_expr.span,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/generator_interior/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/generator_interior/mod.rs
index d83b9eb995d2b..93f2ceed777b5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/generator_interior/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/generator_interior/mod.rs
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ fn check_must_not_suspend_ty<'tcx>(
         }
         ty::Adt(def, _) => check_must_not_suspend_def(fcx.tcx, def.did(), hir_id, data),
         // FIXME: support adding the attribute to TAITs
-        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def, substs: _ }) => {
+        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def, .. }) => {
             let mut has_emitted = false;
             for &(predicate, _) in fcx.tcx.explicit_item_bounds(def) {
                 // We only look at the `DefId`, so it is safe to skip the binder here.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/mod.rs
index a7eae392de1dd..3f3af53d199b1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/mod.rs
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             self.var_for_def(span, param)
         });
 
-        let trait_ref = ty::TraitRef::new(trait_def_id, substs);
+        let trait_ref = self.tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, substs);
 
         // Construct an obligation
         let poly_trait_ref = ty::Binder::dummy(trait_ref);
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             self.var_for_def(span, param)
         });
 
-        let trait_ref = ty::TraitRef::new(trait_def_id, substs);
+        let trait_ref = self.tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, substs);
 
         // Construct an obligation
         let poly_trait_ref = ty::Binder::dummy(trait_ref);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/probe.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/probe.rs
index 070359e71becc..b9e7830bf0792 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/probe.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/probe.rs
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ProbeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
     ) {
         debug!("assemble_extension_candidates_for_trait(trait_def_id={:?})", trait_def_id);
         let trait_substs = self.fresh_item_substs(trait_def_id);
-        let trait_ref = ty::TraitRef::new(trait_def_id, trait_substs);
+        let trait_ref = self.tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, trait_substs);
 
         if self.tcx.is_trait_alias(trait_def_id) {
             // For trait aliases, assume all supertraits are relevant.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/suggest.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/suggest.rs
index 41cd6bf314ebf..0103f58d0614c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/suggest.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/method/suggest.rs
@@ -557,10 +557,8 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                                         .chain(projection_ty.substs.iter().skip(1)),
                                 );
 
-                                let quiet_projection_ty = ty::AliasTy {
-                                    substs: substs_with_infer_self,
-                                    def_id: projection_ty.def_id,
-                                };
+                                let quiet_projection_ty =
+                                    tcx.mk_alias_ty(projection_ty.def_id, substs_with_infer_self);
 
                                 let term = pred.skip_binder().term;
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/writeback.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/writeback.rs
index d25d9672c36d0..bb956ddc78042 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/writeback.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/writeback.rs
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> WritebackCx<'cx, 'tcx> {
             impl<'tcx> ty::TypeVisitor<'tcx> for RecursionChecker {
                 type BreakTy = ();
                 fn visit_ty(&mut self, t: Ty<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
-                    if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = *t.kind() {
+                    if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = *t.kind() {
                         if def_id == self.def_id.to_def_id() {
                             return ControlFlow::Break(());
                         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs
index 316077f69d99b..9a1c49c1aa6af 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeRelation<'tcx> for Generalizer<'_, 'tcx> {
                 // relatable.
                 Ok(t)
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 let s = self.relate(substs, substs)?;
                 Ok(if s == substs { t } else { self.infcx.tcx.mk_opaque(def_id, s) })
             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/equate.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/equate.rs
index 9fd4bdee096ac..46e7813d99e56 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/equate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/equate.rs
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeRelation<'tcx> for Equate<'_, '_, 'tcx> {
             }
 
             (
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, substs: _ }),
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: _ }),
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, .. }),
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, .. }),
             ) if a_def_id == b_def_id => {
                 self.fields.infcx.super_combine_tys(self, a, b)?;
             }
-            (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }), _)
-            | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }))
+            (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }), _)
+            | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }))
                 if self.fields.define_opaque_types && def_id.is_local() =>
             {
                 self.fields.obligations.extend(
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs
index 3d2b2c6ff2dad..397fa43175f73 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/mod.rs
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ pub fn unexpected_hidden_region_diagnostic<'tcx>(
 impl<'tcx> InferCtxt<'tcx> {
     pub fn get_impl_future_output_ty(&self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Option<Ty<'tcx>> {
         let (def_id, substs) = match *ty.kind() {
-            ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+            ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
                 if matches!(
                     self.tcx.def_kind(def_id),
                     DefKind::OpaqueTy | DefKind::ImplTraitPlaceholder
@@ -2767,9 +2767,7 @@ impl TyCategory {
     pub fn from_ty(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, ty: Ty<'_>) -> Option<(Self, DefId)> {
         match *ty.kind() {
             ty::Closure(def_id, _) => Some((Self::Closure, def_id)),
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) => {
-                Some((Self::Opaque, def_id))
-            }
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) => Some((Self::Opaque, def_id)),
             ty::Generator(def_id, ..) => {
                 Some((Self::Generator(tcx.generator_kind(def_id).unwrap()), def_id))
             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/nice_region_error/placeholder_error.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/nice_region_error/placeholder_error.rs
index 1f554c81eff8e..fed9fda74bfb3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/nice_region_error/placeholder_error.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/nice_region_error/placeholder_error.rs
@@ -226,13 +226,11 @@ impl<'tcx> NiceRegionError<'_, 'tcx> {
             false
         };
 
-        let expected_trait_ref = self.cx.resolve_vars_if_possible(ty::TraitRef {
-            def_id: trait_def_id,
-            substs: expected_substs,
-        });
-        let actual_trait_ref = self
+        let expected_trait_ref = self
             .cx
-            .resolve_vars_if_possible(ty::TraitRef { def_id: trait_def_id, substs: actual_substs });
+            .resolve_vars_if_possible(self.cx.tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, expected_substs));
+        let actual_trait_ref =
+            self.cx.resolve_vars_if_possible(self.cx.tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, actual_substs));
 
         // Search the expected and actual trait references to see (a)
         // whether the sub/sup placeholders appear in them (sometimes
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/suggest.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/suggest.rs
index 62655d11ca309..30ca9f41d6e6f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/suggest.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/error_reporting/suggest.rs
@@ -487,12 +487,12 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                 StatementAsExpression::CorrectType
             }
             (
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: last_def_id, substs: _ }),
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: exp_def_id, substs: _ }),
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: last_def_id, .. }),
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: exp_def_id, .. }),
             ) if last_def_id == exp_def_id => StatementAsExpression::CorrectType,
             (
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: last_def_id, substs: last_bounds }),
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: exp_def_id, substs: exp_bounds }),
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: last_def_id, substs: last_bounds, .. }),
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: exp_def_id, substs: exp_bounds, .. }),
             ) => {
                 debug!(
                     "both opaque, likely future {:?} {:?} {:?} {:?}",
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/lattice.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/lattice.rs
index 47d76dc5bdf02..0ebc6d55bcba9 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/lattice.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/lattice.rs
@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@ where
         }
 
         (
-            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, substs: _ }),
-            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: _ }),
+            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, .. }),
+            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, .. }),
         ) if a_def_id == b_def_id => infcx.super_combine_tys(this, a, b),
-        (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }), _)
-        | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }))
+        (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }), _)
+        | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }))
             if this.define_opaque_types() && def_id.is_local() =>
         {
             this.add_obligations(
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/nll_relate/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/nll_relate/mod.rs
index 3b9683e5b5933..1f9d86a78d6e5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/nll_relate/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/nll_relate/mod.rs
@@ -611,8 +611,8 @@ where
             (&ty::Infer(ty::TyVar(vid)), _) => self.relate_ty_var((vid, b)),
 
             (
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, substs: _ }),
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: _ }),
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, .. }),
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, .. }),
             ) if a_def_id == b_def_id => infcx.super_combine_tys(self, a, b).or_else(|err| {
                 self.tcx().sess.delay_span_bug(
                     self.delegate.span(),
@@ -620,8 +620,8 @@ where
                 );
                 if a_def_id.is_local() { self.relate_opaques(a, b) } else { Err(err) }
             }),
-            (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }), _)
-            | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }))
+            (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }), _)
+            | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }))
                 if def_id.is_local() =>
             {
                 self.relate_opaques(a, b)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/opaque_types.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/opaque_types.rs
index 67e4554c4c707..a130fde47ed5c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/opaque_types.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/opaque_types.rs
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ impl<'tcx> InferCtxt<'tcx> {
             lt_op: |lt| lt,
             ct_op: |ct| ct,
             ty_op: |ty| match *ty.kind() {
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ })
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. })
                     if replace_opaque_type(def_id) =>
                 {
                     let def_span = self.tcx.def_span(def_id);
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ impl<'tcx> InferCtxt<'tcx> {
         }
         let (a, b) = if a_is_expected { (a, b) } else { (b, a) };
         let process = |a: Ty<'tcx>, b: Ty<'tcx>, a_is_expected| match *a.kind() {
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) if def_id.is_local() => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) if def_id.is_local() => {
                 let def_id = def_id.expect_local();
                 let origin = match self.defining_use_anchor {
                     DefiningAnchor::Bind(_) => {
@@ -149,9 +149,7 @@ impl<'tcx> InferCtxt<'tcx> {
                     DefiningAnchor::Bubble => self.opaque_ty_origin_unchecked(def_id, cause.span),
                     DefiningAnchor::Error => return None,
                 };
-                if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: _ }) =
-                    *b.kind()
-                {
+                if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, .. }) = *b.kind() {
                     // We could accept this, but there are various ways to handle this situation, and we don't
                     // want to make a decision on it right now. Likely this case is so super rare anyway, that
                     // no one encounters it in practice.
@@ -480,7 +478,7 @@ where
                 substs.as_generator().resume_ty().visit_with(self);
             }
 
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, ref substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, ref substs, .. }) => {
                 // Skip lifetime paramters that are not captures.
                 let variances = self.tcx.variances_of(*def_id);
 
@@ -583,17 +581,16 @@ impl<'tcx> InferCtxt<'tcx> {
                     }
                     // Replace all other mentions of the same opaque type with the hidden type,
                     // as the bounds must hold on the hidden type after all.
-                    ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def_id2, substs: substs2 })
+                    ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def_id2, substs: substs2, .. })
                         if def_id.to_def_id() == def_id2 && substs == substs2 =>
                     {
                         hidden_ty
                     }
                     // FIXME(RPITIT): This can go away when we move to associated types
-                    ty::Alias(ty::Projection, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def_id2, substs: substs2 })
-                        if def_id.to_def_id() == def_id2 && substs == substs2 =>
-                    {
-                        hidden_ty
-                    }
+                    ty::Alias(
+                        ty::Projection,
+                        ty::AliasTy { def_id: def_id2, substs: substs2, .. },
+                    ) if def_id.to_def_id() == def_id2 && substs == substs2 => hidden_ty,
                     _ => ty,
                 },
                 lt_op: |lt| lt,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/components.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/components.rs
index 984bbe169e6cf..aa2b5d067d266 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/components.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/components.rs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ fn compute_components<'tcx>(
             // outlives any other lifetime, which is unsound.
             // See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/84305 for
             // more details.
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 out.push(Component::Opaque(def_id, substs));
             },
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs
index da85de6019932..ccae7165d80d2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ where
             substs,
             true,
             |ty| match *ty.kind() {
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => (def_id, substs),
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => (def_id, substs),
                 _ => bug!("expected only projection types from env, not {:?}", ty),
             },
         );
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/sub.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/sub.rs
index 58e27f8b21d63..bd38b52ba34a7 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/sub.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/sub.rs
@@ -131,14 +131,14 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeRelation<'tcx> for Sub<'_, '_, 'tcx> {
             }
 
             (
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, substs: _ }),
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: _ }),
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, .. }),
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, .. }),
             ) if a_def_id == b_def_id => {
                 self.fields.infcx.super_combine_tys(self, a, b)?;
                 Ok(a)
             }
-            (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }), _)
-            | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }))
+            (&ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }), _)
+            | (_, &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }))
                 if self.fields.define_opaque_types && def_id.is_local() =>
             {
                 self.fields.obligations.extend(
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/context.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/context.rs
index e6a0d7e60ca77..40b2588388d66 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/context.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/context.rs
@@ -1258,7 +1258,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateContext<'tcx> {
         tcx.associated_items(trait_id)
             .find_by_name_and_kind(tcx, Ident::from_str(name), ty::AssocKind::Type, trait_id)
             .and_then(|assoc| {
-                let proj = tcx.mk_projection(assoc.def_id, tcx.mk_substs_trait(self_ty, []));
+                let proj = tcx.mk_projection(assoc.def_id, [self_ty]);
                 tcx.try_normalize_erasing_regions(self.param_env, proj).ok()
             })
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/opaque_hidden_inferred_bound.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/opaque_hidden_inferred_bound.rs
index 3808d308186c0..42442cfb1904d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/opaque_hidden_inferred_bound.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/opaque_hidden_inferred_bound.rs
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for OpaqueHiddenInferredBound {
                     // then we can emit a suggestion to add the bound.
                     let add_bound = match (proj_term.kind(), assoc_pred.kind().skip_binder()) {
                         (
-                            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }),
+                            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }),
                             ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(trait_pred)),
                         ) => Some(AddBound {
                             suggest_span: cx.tcx.def_span(*def_id).shrink_to_hi(),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/unused.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/unused.rs
index fb2c8b1ef647c..d628a18dd01c5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/unused.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/unused.rs
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for UnusedResults {
 
         if let hir::ExprKind::Match(await_expr, _arms, hir::MatchSource::AwaitDesugar) = expr.kind
             && let ty = cx.typeck_results().expr_ty(&await_expr)
-            && let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: future_def_id, substs: _ }) = ty.kind()
+            && let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: future_def_id, .. }) = ty.kind()
             && cx.tcx.ty_is_opaque_future(ty)
             // FIXME: This also includes non-async fns that return `impl Future`.
             && let async_fn_def_id = cx.tcx.parent(*future_def_id)
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for UnusedResults {
                         .map(|inner| MustUsePath::Boxed(Box::new(inner)))
                 }
                 ty::Adt(def, _) => is_def_must_use(cx, def.did(), span),
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def, substs: _ }) => {
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: def, .. }) => {
                     elaborate_predicates_with_span(
                         cx.tcx,
                         cx.tcx.explicit_item_bounds(def).iter().cloned(),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs
index db4fe6f886b25..3bc331e19c1cc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs
@@ -1847,7 +1847,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Operand<'tcx> {
     pub fn function_handle(
         tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
         def_id: DefId,
-        substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>,
+        substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = GenericArg<'tcx>>,
         span: Span,
     ) -> Self {
         let ty = tcx.mk_fn_def(def_id, substs);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/adjustment.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/adjustment.rs
index 7036c4a7b27d6..8ce06404de081 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/adjustment.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/adjustment.rs
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ impl<'tcx> OverloadedDeref<'tcx> {
             .find(|m| m.kind == ty::AssocKind::Fn)
             .unwrap()
             .def_id;
-        tcx.mk_fn_def(method_def_id, tcx.mk_substs_trait(source, []))
+        tcx.mk_fn_def(method_def_id, [source])
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
index dc333b4702f39..70ac5acb40ead 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::thir::Thir;
 use crate::traits;
 use crate::ty::query::{self, TyCtxtAt};
 use crate::ty::{
-    self, AdtDef, AdtDefData, AdtKind, AliasTy, Binder, BindingMode, BoundVar, CanonicalPolyFnSig,
+    self, AdtDef, AdtDefData, AdtKind, Binder, BindingMode, BoundVar, CanonicalPolyFnSig,
     ClosureSizeProfileData, Const, ConstS, DefIdTree, FloatTy, FloatVar, FloatVid,
     GenericParamDefKind, InferTy, IntTy, IntVar, IntVid, List, ParamConst, ParamTy,
     PolyExistentialPredicate, PolyFnSig, Predicate, PredicateKind, Region, RegionKind, ReprOptions,
@@ -2321,7 +2321,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
 
     /// Given a `ty`, return whether it's an `impl Future<...>`.
     pub fn ty_is_opaque_future(self, ty: Ty<'_>) -> bool {
-        let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = ty.kind() else { return false };
+        let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = ty.kind() else { return false };
         let future_trait = self.require_lang_item(LangItem::Future, None);
 
         self.explicit_item_bounds(def_id).iter().any(|(predicate, _)| {
@@ -2565,15 +2565,35 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn mk_fn_def(self, def_id: DefId, substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        debug_assert_eq!(
-            self.generics_of(def_id).count(),
-            substs.len(),
-            "wrong number of generic parameters for {def_id:?}: {substs:?}",
-        );
+    pub fn mk_fn_def(
+        self,
+        def_id: DefId,
+        substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<GenericArg<'tcx>>>,
+    ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
+        let substs = self.check_substs(def_id, substs);
         self.mk_ty(FnDef(def_id, substs))
     }
 
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn check_substs(
+        self,
+        _def_id: DefId,
+        substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<GenericArg<'tcx>>>,
+    ) -> SubstsRef<'tcx> {
+        let substs = substs.into_iter().map(Into::into);
+        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+        {
+            let n = self.generics_of(_def_id).count();
+            assert_eq!(
+                (n, Some(n)),
+                substs.size_hint(),
+                "wrong number of generic parameters for {_def_id:?}: {:?}",
+                substs.collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            );
+        }
+        self.mk_substs(substs)
+    }
+
     #[inline]
     pub fn mk_fn_ptr(self, fty: PolyFnSig<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
         self.mk_ty(FnPtr(fty))
@@ -2590,13 +2610,12 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn mk_projection(self, item_def_id: DefId, substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        debug_assert_eq!(
-            self.generics_of(item_def_id).count(),
-            substs.len(),
-            "wrong number of generic parameters for {item_def_id:?}: {substs:?}",
-        );
-        self.mk_ty(Alias(ty::Projection, AliasTy { def_id: item_def_id, substs }))
+    pub fn mk_projection(
+        self,
+        item_def_id: DefId,
+        substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<GenericArg<'tcx>>>,
+    ) -> Ty<'tcx> {
+        self.mk_ty(Alias(ty::Projection, self.mk_alias_ty(item_def_id, substs)))
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -2666,7 +2685,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
 
     #[inline]
     pub fn mk_opaque(self, def_id: DefId, substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        self.mk_ty(Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }))
+        self.mk_ty(Alias(ty::Opaque, self.mk_alias_ty(def_id, substs)))
     }
 
     pub fn mk_place_field(self, place: Place<'tcx>, f: Field, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Place<'tcx> {
@@ -2855,16 +2874,17 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
         trait_def_id: DefId,
         substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<GenericArg<'tcx>>>,
     ) -> ty::TraitRef<'tcx> {
-        let substs = substs.into_iter().map(Into::into);
-        let n = self.generics_of(trait_def_id).count();
-        debug_assert_eq!(
-            (n, Some(n)),
-            substs.size_hint(),
-            "wrong number of generic parameters for {trait_def_id:?}: {:?} \nDid you accidentally include the self-type in the params list?",
-            substs.collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-        );
-        let substs = self.mk_substs(substs);
-        ty::TraitRef::new(trait_def_id, substs)
+        let substs = self.check_substs(trait_def_id, substs);
+        ty::TraitRef { def_id: trait_def_id, substs, _use_mk_trait_ref_instead: () }
+    }
+
+    pub fn mk_alias_ty(
+        self,
+        def_id: DefId,
+        substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<GenericArg<'tcx>>>,
+    ) -> ty::AliasTy<'tcx> {
+        let substs = self.check_substs(def_id, substs);
+        ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, _use_mk_alias_ty_instead: () }
     }
 
     pub fn mk_bound_variable_kinds<
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/diagnostics.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/diagnostics.rs
index d7880a32ea9cd..d8d476d3fefe2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/diagnostics.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/diagnostics.rs
@@ -457,10 +457,10 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeVisitor<'tcx> for IsSuggestableVisitor<'tcx> {
                 return ControlFlow::Break(());
             }
 
-            Alias(Opaque, AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) => {
+            Alias(Opaque, AliasTy { def_id, .. }) => {
                 let parent = self.tcx.parent(*def_id);
                 if let hir::def::DefKind::TyAlias | hir::def::DefKind::AssocTy = self.tcx.def_kind(parent)
-                    && let Alias(Opaque, AliasTy { def_id: parent_opaque_def_id, substs: _ }) = self.tcx.type_of(parent).kind()
+                    && let Alias(Opaque, AliasTy { def_id: parent_opaque_def_id, .. }) = self.tcx.type_of(parent).kind()
                     && parent_opaque_def_id == def_id
                 {
                     // Okay
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/error.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/error.rs
index 22dc921aba1ca..14d07608a780e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/error.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/error.rs
@@ -779,8 +779,7 @@ fn foo(&self) -> Self::T { String::new() }
         ty: Ty<'tcx>,
     ) -> bool {
         let assoc = self.associated_item(proj_ty.def_id);
-        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = *proj_ty.self_ty().kind()
-        {
+        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = *proj_ty.self_ty().kind() {
             let opaque_local_def_id = def_id.as_local();
             let opaque_hir_ty = if let Some(opaque_local_def_id) = opaque_local_def_id {
                 match &self.hir().expect_item(opaque_local_def_id).kind {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs
index 174ac74fc9e61..d283ccc3ad8a2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ impl FlagComputation {
                 self.add_projection_ty(data);
             }
 
-            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: _, substs }) => {
+            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { substs, .. }) => {
                 self.add_flags(TypeFlags::HAS_TY_OPAQUE);
                 self.add_substs(substs);
             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
index 6cb28a0fd8077..5232c1e1cc0f8 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
@@ -781,8 +781,8 @@ impl<'tcx> TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn with_self_type(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, self_ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Self {
-        Self { trait_ref: self.trait_ref.with_self_type(tcx, self_ty), ..self }
+    pub fn with_self_ty(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, self_ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Self {
+        Self { trait_ref: self.trait_ref.with_self_ty(tcx, self_ty), ..self }
     }
 
     pub fn def_id(self) -> DefId {
@@ -1050,6 +1050,18 @@ impl<'tcx> PolyProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<'tcx> ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
+    pub fn with_self_ty(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, self_ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(
+                self.projection_ty.def_id,
+                [self_ty.into()].into_iter().chain(self.projection_ty.substs.iter().skip(1)),
+            ),
+            ..self
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 pub trait ToPolyTraitRef<'tcx> {
     fn to_poly_trait_ref(&self) -> PolyTraitRef<'tcx>;
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/mod.rs
index 3fad349bff812..29bad33e4bc0f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/mod.rs
@@ -169,10 +169,8 @@ pub trait Printer<'tcx>: Sized {
                 self.path_append(
                     |cx: Self| {
                         if trait_qualify_parent {
-                            let trait_ref = ty::TraitRef::new(
-                                parent_def_id,
-                                cx.tcx().intern_substs(parent_substs),
-                            );
+                            let trait_ref =
+                                cx.tcx().mk_trait_ref(parent_def_id, parent_substs.iter().copied());
                             cx.path_qualified(trait_ref.self_ty(), Some(trait_ref))
                         } else {
                             cx.print_def_path(parent_def_id, parent_substs)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
index 6acc2dc65d369..b1bc6eb8b81c5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ pub trait PrettyPrinter<'tcx>:
                 }
             }
             ty::Placeholder(placeholder) => p!(write("Placeholder({:?})", placeholder)),
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 // FIXME(eddyb) print this with `print_def_path`.
                 // We use verbose printing in 'NO_QUERIES' mode, to
                 // avoid needing to call `predicates_of`. This should
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ pub trait PrettyPrinter<'tcx>:
                 let parent = self.tcx().parent(def_id);
                 match self.tcx().def_kind(parent) {
                     DefKind::TyAlias | DefKind::AssocTy => {
-                        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: d, substs: _ }) =
+                        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: d, .. }) =
                             *self.tcx().type_of(parent).kind()
                         {
                             if d == def_id {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/relate.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/relate.rs
index 1eac8859ca934..c4116558bd27b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/relate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/relate.rs
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Relate<'tcx> for ty::AliasTy<'tcx> {
             Err(TypeError::ProjectionMismatched(expected_found(relation, a.def_id, b.def_id)))
         } else {
             let substs = relation.relate(a.substs, b.substs)?;
-            Ok(ty::AliasTy { def_id: a.def_id, substs: &substs })
+            Ok(relation.tcx().mk_alias_ty(a.def_id, substs))
         }
     }
 }
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Relate<'tcx> for ty::TraitRef<'tcx> {
             Err(TypeError::Traits(expected_found(relation, a.def_id, b.def_id)))
         } else {
             let substs = relate_substs(relation, a.substs, b.substs)?;
-            Ok(ty::TraitRef { def_id: a.def_id, substs })
+            Ok(relation.tcx().mk_trait_ref(a.def_id, substs))
         }
     }
 }
@@ -557,8 +557,8 @@ pub fn super_relate_tys<'tcx, R: TypeRelation<'tcx>>(
         }
 
         (
-            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, substs: a_substs }),
-            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: b_substs }),
+            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: a_def_id, substs: a_substs, .. }),
+            &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id: b_def_id, substs: b_substs, .. }),
         ) if a_def_id == b_def_id => {
             if relation.intercrate() {
                 // During coherence, opaque types should be treated as equal to each other, even if their generic params
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs
index 27de48c1f8345..66aeebab88ba0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs
@@ -816,14 +816,13 @@ impl<'tcx> List<ty::PolyExistentialPredicate<'tcx>> {
 pub struct TraitRef<'tcx> {
     pub def_id: DefId,
     pub substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>,
+    /// This field exists to prevent the creation of `TraitRef` without
+    /// calling [TyCtxt::mk_trait_ref].
+    pub(super) _use_mk_trait_ref_instead: (),
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> TraitRef<'tcx> {
-    pub fn new(def_id: DefId, substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>) -> TraitRef<'tcx> {
-        TraitRef { def_id, substs }
-    }
-
-    pub fn with_self_type(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, self_ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Self {
+    pub fn with_self_ty(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, self_ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Self {
         tcx.mk_trait_ref(
             self.def_id,
             [self_ty.into()].into_iter().chain(self.substs.iter().skip(1)),
@@ -833,10 +832,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TraitRef<'tcx> {
     /// Returns a `TraitRef` of the form `P0: Foo<P1..Pn>` where `Pi`
     /// are the parameters defined on trait.
     pub fn identity(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: DefId) -> Binder<'tcx, TraitRef<'tcx>> {
-        ty::Binder::dummy(TraitRef {
-            def_id,
-            substs: InternalSubsts::identity_for_item(tcx, def_id),
-        })
+        ty::Binder::dummy(tcx.mk_trait_ref(def_id, InternalSubsts::identity_for_item(tcx, def_id)))
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -850,7 +846,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TraitRef<'tcx> {
         substs: SubstsRef<'tcx>,
     ) -> ty::TraitRef<'tcx> {
         let defs = tcx.generics_of(trait_id);
-        ty::TraitRef { def_id: trait_id, substs: tcx.intern_substs(&substs[..defs.params.len()]) }
+        tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_id, tcx.intern_substs(&substs[..defs.params.len()]))
     }
 }
 
@@ -1166,6 +1162,10 @@ pub struct AliasTy<'tcx> {
     /// `TraitRef` containing this associated type, which is in `tcx.associated_item(def_id).container`,
     /// aka. `tcx.parent(def_id)`.
     pub def_id: DefId,
+
+    /// This field exists to prevent the creation of `ProjectionTy` without using
+    /// [TyCtxt::mk_alias_ty].
+    pub(super) _use_mk_alias_ty_instead: (),
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> AliasTy<'tcx> {
@@ -1190,10 +1190,7 @@ impl<'tcx> AliasTy<'tcx> {
         let trait_def_id = self.trait_def_id(tcx);
         let trait_generics = tcx.generics_of(trait_def_id);
         (
-            ty::TraitRef {
-                def_id: trait_def_id,
-                substs: self.substs.truncate_to(tcx, trait_generics),
-            },
+            tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, self.substs.truncate_to(tcx, trait_generics)),
             &self.substs[trait_generics.count()..],
         )
     }
@@ -1207,7 +1204,7 @@ impl<'tcx> AliasTy<'tcx> {
     /// as well.
     pub fn trait_ref(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> ty::TraitRef<'tcx> {
         let def_id = self.trait_def_id(tcx);
-        ty::TraitRef { def_id, substs: self.substs.truncate_to(tcx, tcx.generics_of(def_id)) }
+        tcx.mk_trait_ref(def_id, self.substs.truncate_to(tcx, tcx.generics_of(def_id)))
     }
 
     pub fn self_ty(&self) -> Ty<'tcx> {
@@ -1449,10 +1446,8 @@ impl<'tcx> ExistentialProjection<'tcx> {
         debug_assert!(!self_ty.has_escaping_bound_vars());
 
         ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-            projection_ty: ty::AliasTy {
-                def_id: self.def_id,
-                substs: tcx.mk_substs_trait(self_ty, self.substs),
-            },
+            projection_ty: tcx
+                .mk_alias_ty(self.def_id, [self_ty.into()].into_iter().chain(self.substs)),
             term: self.term,
         }
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/util.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/util.rs
index b8a19e582c9dc..857f52c8a2456 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/util.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/util.rs
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<'tcx> for OpaqueTypeExpander<'tcx> {
     }
 
     fn fold_ty(&mut self, t: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) = *t.kind() {
+        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) = *t.kind() {
             self.expand_opaque_ty(def_id, substs).unwrap_or(t)
         } else if t.has_opaque_types() {
             t.super_fold_with(self)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/expr/as_rvalue.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/expr/as_rvalue.rs
index 0814793f27790..c7b3eb44dc5fb 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/expr/as_rvalue.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/expr/as_rvalue.rs
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Builder<'a, 'tcx> {
                 let exchange_malloc = Operand::function_handle(
                     tcx,
                     tcx.require_lang_item(LangItem::ExchangeMalloc, Some(expr_span)),
-                    ty::List::empty(),
+                    [],
                     expr_span,
                 );
                 let storage = this.temp(tcx.mk_mut_ptr(tcx.types.u8), expr_span);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/matches/test.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/matches/test.rs
index 6d5a98342d293..de6a48f7cc411 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/matches/test.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/matches/test.rs
@@ -838,8 +838,6 @@ fn trait_method<'tcx>(
     method_name: Symbol,
     substs: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<GenericArg<'tcx>>>,
 ) -> ConstantKind<'tcx> {
-    let substs = tcx.mk_substs(substs.into_iter().map(Into::into));
-
     // The unhygienic comparison here is acceptable because this is only
     // used on known traits.
     let item = tcx
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/elaborate_drops.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/elaborate_drops.rs
index 8610792c0eb5d..7836ae2e7b76f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/elaborate_drops.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/elaborate_drops.rs
@@ -614,7 +614,6 @@ where
         let drop_trait = tcx.require_lang_item(LangItem::Drop, None);
         let drop_fn = tcx.associated_item_def_ids(drop_trait)[0];
         let ty = self.place_ty(self.place);
-        let substs = tcx.mk_substs_trait(ty, []);
 
         let ref_ty =
             tcx.mk_ref(tcx.lifetimes.re_erased, ty::TypeAndMut { ty, mutbl: hir::Mutability::Mut });
@@ -632,7 +631,12 @@ where
             )],
             terminator: Some(Terminator {
                 kind: TerminatorKind::Call {
-                    func: Operand::function_handle(tcx, drop_fn, substs, self.source_info.span),
+                    func: Operand::function_handle(
+                        tcx,
+                        drop_fn,
+                        [ty.into()],
+                        self.source_info.span,
+                    ),
                     args: vec![Operand::Move(Place::from(ref_place))],
                     destination: unit_temp,
                     target: Some(succ),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/inline.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/inline.rs
index ef7589d3ef231..9d560f5c837e2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/inline.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/inline.rs
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for CostChecker<'_, 'tcx> {
             };
 
             let kind = match parent_ty.ty.kind() {
-                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+                &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                     self.tcx.bound_type_of(def_id).subst(self.tcx, substs).kind()
                 }
                 kind => kind,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/shim.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/shim.rs
index f92a0e826dcdf..f8b55c862875e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/shim.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/shim.rs
@@ -336,8 +336,7 @@ impl<'tcx> CloneShimBuilder<'tcx> {
         // we must subst the self_ty because it's
         // otherwise going to be TySelf and we can't index
         // or access fields of a Place of type TySelf.
-        let substs = tcx.mk_substs_trait(self_ty, []);
-        let sig = tcx.bound_fn_sig(def_id).subst(tcx, substs);
+        let sig = tcx.bound_fn_sig(def_id).subst(tcx, &[self_ty.into()]);
         let sig = tcx.erase_late_bound_regions(sig);
         let span = tcx.def_span(def_id);
 
@@ -417,10 +416,8 @@ impl<'tcx> CloneShimBuilder<'tcx> {
     ) {
         let tcx = self.tcx;
 
-        let substs = tcx.mk_substs_trait(ty, []);
-
         // `func == Clone::clone(&ty) -> ty`
-        let func_ty = tcx.mk_fn_def(self.def_id, substs);
+        let func_ty = tcx.mk_fn_def(self.def_id, [ty]);
         let func = Operand::Constant(Box::new(Constant {
             span: self.span,
             user_ty: None,
@@ -575,9 +572,8 @@ fn build_call_shim<'tcx>(
 
         // Create substitutions for the `Self` and `Args` generic parameters of the shim body.
         let arg_tup = tcx.mk_tup(untuple_args.iter());
-        let sig_substs = tcx.mk_substs_trait(ty, [ty::subst::GenericArg::from(arg_tup)]);
 
-        (Some(sig_substs), Some(untuple_args))
+        (Some([ty.into(), arg_tup.into()]), Some(untuple_args))
     } else {
         (None, None)
     };
@@ -588,7 +584,7 @@ fn build_call_shim<'tcx>(
 
     assert_eq!(sig_substs.is_some(), !instance.has_polymorphic_mir_body());
     let mut sig =
-        if let Some(sig_substs) = sig_substs { sig.subst(tcx, sig_substs) } else { sig.0 };
+        if let Some(sig_substs) = sig_substs { sig.subst(tcx, &sig_substs) } else { sig.0 };
 
     if let CallKind::Indirect(fnty) = call_kind {
         // `sig` determines our local decls, and thus the callee type in the `Call` terminator. This
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_privacy/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_privacy/src/lib.rs
index d80c05d6b3826..72d38aeac7a0c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_privacy/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_privacy/src/lib.rs
@@ -110,26 +110,25 @@ where
     V: DefIdVisitor<'tcx> + ?Sized,
 {
     fn visit_trait(&mut self, trait_ref: TraitRef<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<V::BreakTy> {
-        let TraitRef { def_id, substs } = trait_ref;
+        let TraitRef { def_id, substs, .. } = trait_ref;
         self.def_id_visitor.visit_def_id(def_id, "trait", &trait_ref.print_only_trait_path())?;
         if self.def_id_visitor.shallow() { ControlFlow::CONTINUE } else { substs.visit_with(self) }
     }
 
     fn visit_projection_ty(&mut self, projection: ty::AliasTy<'tcx>) -> ControlFlow<V::BreakTy> {
         let tcx = self.def_id_visitor.tcx();
-        let (trait_ref, assoc_substs) = if tcx.def_kind(projection.def_id)
-            != DefKind::ImplTraitPlaceholder
-        {
-            projection.trait_ref_and_own_substs(tcx)
-        } else {
-            // HACK(RPITIT): Remove this when RPITITs are lowered to regular assoc tys
-            let def_id = tcx.impl_trait_in_trait_parent(projection.def_id);
-            let trait_generics = tcx.generics_of(def_id);
-            (
-                ty::TraitRef { def_id, substs: projection.substs.truncate_to(tcx, trait_generics) },
-                &projection.substs[trait_generics.count()..],
-            )
-        };
+        let (trait_ref, assoc_substs) =
+            if tcx.def_kind(projection.def_id) != DefKind::ImplTraitPlaceholder {
+                projection.trait_ref_and_own_substs(tcx)
+            } else {
+                // HACK(RPITIT): Remove this when RPITITs are lowered to regular assoc tys
+                let def_id = tcx.impl_trait_in_trait_parent(projection.def_id);
+                let trait_generics = tcx.generics_of(def_id);
+                (
+                    tcx.mk_trait_ref(def_id, projection.substs.truncate_to(tcx, trait_generics)),
+                    &projection.substs[trait_generics.count()..],
+                )
+            };
         self.visit_trait(trait_ref)?;
         if self.def_id_visitor.shallow() {
             ControlFlow::CONTINUE
@@ -235,7 +234,7 @@ where
                     self.def_id_visitor.visit_def_id(def_id, "trait", &trait_ref)?;
                 }
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) => {
                 // Skip repeated `Opaque`s to avoid infinite recursion.
                 if self.visited_opaque_tys.insert(def_id) {
                     // The intent is to treat `impl Trait1 + Trait2` identically to
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/legacy.rs b/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/legacy.rs
index 281b2d88f483b..a59c9011ab21a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/legacy.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/legacy.rs
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Printer<'tcx> for &mut SymbolPrinter<'tcx> {
         match *ty.kind() {
             // Print all nominal types as paths (unlike `pretty_print_type`).
             ty::FnDef(def_id, substs)
-            | ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+            | ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
             | ty::Closure(def_id, substs)
             | ty::Generator(def_id, substs, _) => self.print_def_path(def_id, substs),
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/v0.rs b/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/v0.rs
index b7f055d9146a0..4285aa62cb963 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/v0.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_symbol_mangling/src/v0.rs
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Printer<'tcx> for &mut SymbolMangler<'tcx> {
             // Mangle all nominal types as paths.
             ty::Adt(ty::AdtDef(Interned(&ty::AdtDefData { did: def_id, .. }, _)), substs)
             | ty::FnDef(def_id, substs)
-            | ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+            | ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
             | ty::Closure(def_id, substs)
             | ty::Generator(def_id, substs, _) => {
                 self = self.print_def_path(def_id, substs)?;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/mod.rs
index c68da3e24a190..3d8dfe81748c2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/mod.rs
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                             && self.fallback_has_occurred
                         {
                             let predicate = trait_predicate.map_bound(|trait_pred| {
-                                trait_pred.with_self_type(self.tcx, self.tcx.mk_unit())
+                                trait_pred.with_self_ty(self.tcx, self.tcx.mk_unit())
                             });
                             let unit_obligation = obligation.with(tcx, predicate);
                             if self.predicate_may_hold(&unit_obligation) {
@@ -2085,8 +2085,8 @@ impl<'tcx> InferCtxtPrivExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
         trait_ref_and_ty: ty::Binder<'tcx, (ty::TraitPredicate<'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>)>,
     ) -> PredicateObligation<'tcx> {
-        let trait_pred = trait_ref_and_ty
-            .map_bound(|(tr, new_self_ty)| tr.with_self_type(self.tcx, new_self_ty));
+        let trait_pred =
+            trait_ref_and_ty.map_bound(|(tr, new_self_ty)| tr.with_self_ty(self.tcx, new_self_ty));
 
         Obligation::new(self.tcx, ObligationCause::dummy(), param_env, trait_pred)
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs
index 55a05df763fe6..dd5085bf4f300 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs
@@ -878,7 +878,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                     fn_sig.inputs().map_bound(|inputs| &inputs[1..]),
                 ))
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 self.tcx.bound_item_bounds(def_id).subst(self.tcx, substs).iter().find_map(|pred| {
                     if let ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(proj)) = pred.kind().skip_binder()
                     && Some(proj.projection_ty.def_id) == self.tcx.lang_items().fn_once_output()
@@ -2662,7 +2662,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                                 Some(ident) => err.span_note(ident.span, &msg),
                                 None => err.note(&msg),
                             },
-                            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) => {
+                            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) => {
                                 // Avoid printing the future from `core::future::identity_future`, it's not helpful
                                 if tcx.parent(*def_id) == identity_future {
                                     break 'print;
@@ -2975,7 +2975,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                     self.tcx.mk_projection(
                         item_def_id,
                         // Future::Output has no substs
-                        self.tcx.mk_substs_trait(trait_pred.self_ty(), []),
+                        [trait_pred.self_ty()],
                     )
                 });
                 let InferOk { value: projection_ty, .. } =
@@ -3265,9 +3265,9 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                 // in. For example, this would be what `Iterator::Item` is here.
                 let ty_var = self.infcx.next_ty_var(origin);
                 // This corresponds to `<ExprTy as Iterator>::Item = _`.
-                let trait_ref = ty::Binder::dummy(ty::PredicateKind::Clause(
+                let projection = ty::Binder::dummy(ty::PredicateKind::Clause(
                     ty::Clause::Projection(ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-                        projection_ty: ty::AliasTy { substs, def_id: proj.def_id },
+                        projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(proj.def_id, substs),
                         term: ty_var.into(),
                     }),
                 ));
@@ -3277,7 +3277,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                     span,
                     expr.hir_id,
                     param_env,
-                    trait_ref,
+                    projection,
                 ));
                 if ocx.select_where_possible().is_empty() {
                     // `ty_var` now holds the type that `Item` is for `ExprTy`.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
index ea4bf42c515b5..2566d793d78da 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
@@ -425,13 +425,8 @@ pub fn fully_solve_bound<'tcx>(
     bound: DefId,
 ) -> Vec<FulfillmentError<'tcx>> {
     let tcx = infcx.tcx;
-    let trait_ref = ty::TraitRef { def_id: bound, substs: tcx.mk_substs_trait(ty, []) };
-    let obligation = Obligation {
-        cause,
-        recursion_depth: 0,
-        param_env,
-        predicate: ty::Binder::dummy(trait_ref).without_const().to_predicate(tcx),
-    };
+    let trait_ref = tcx.mk_trait_ref(bound, [ty]);
+    let obligation = Obligation::new(tcx, cause, param_env, ty::Binder::dummy(trait_ref));
 
     fully_solve_obligation(infcx, obligation)
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs
index 3e85ea69635e6..8b1ced78f4e8a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs
@@ -694,18 +694,12 @@ fn receiver_is_dispatchable<'tcx>(
 
         // U: Trait<Arg1, ..., ArgN>
         let trait_predicate = {
-            let substs =
-                InternalSubsts::for_item(tcx, method.trait_container(tcx).unwrap(), |param, _| {
-                    if param.index == 0 {
-                        unsized_self_ty.into()
-                    } else {
-                        tcx.mk_param_from_def(param)
-                    }
-                });
+            let trait_def_id = method.trait_container(tcx).unwrap();
+            let substs = InternalSubsts::for_item(tcx, trait_def_id, |param, _| {
+                if param.index == 0 { unsized_self_ty.into() } else { tcx.mk_param_from_def(param) }
+            });
 
-            ty::Binder::dummy(ty::TraitRef { def_id: unsize_did, substs })
-                .without_const()
-                .to_predicate(tcx)
+            ty::Binder::dummy(tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, substs)).to_predicate(tcx)
         };
 
         let caller_bounds: Vec<Predicate<'tcx>> =
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs
index ca9ee04c58c10..84d7244c1db78 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b, 'tcx> TypeFolder<'tcx> for AssocTypeNormalizer<'a, 'b, 'tcx> {
             // This is really important. While we *can* handle this, this has
             // severe performance implications for large opaque types with
             // late-bound regions. See `issue-88862` benchmark.
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
                 if !substs.has_escaping_bound_vars() =>
             {
                 // Only normalize `impl Trait` outside of type inference, usually in codegen.
@@ -1309,8 +1309,7 @@ fn assemble_candidate_for_impl_trait_in_trait<'cx, 'tcx>(
         let trait_substs =
             obligation.predicate.substs.truncate_to(tcx, tcx.generics_of(trait_def_id));
         // FIXME(named-returns): Binders
-        let trait_predicate =
-            ty::Binder::dummy(ty::TraitRef { def_id: trait_def_id, substs: trait_substs });
+        let trait_predicate = ty::Binder::dummy(tcx.mk_trait_ref(trait_def_id, trait_substs));
 
         let _ = selcx.infcx.commit_if_ok(|_| {
             match selcx.select(&obligation.with(tcx, trait_predicate)) {
@@ -1867,10 +1866,7 @@ fn confirm_generator_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         };
 
         ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-            projection_ty: ty::AliasTy {
-                substs: trait_ref.substs,
-                def_id: obligation.predicate.def_id,
-            },
+            projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(obligation.predicate.def_id, trait_ref.substs),
             term: ty.into(),
         }
     });
@@ -1909,10 +1905,7 @@ fn confirm_future_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name, sym::Output);
 
         ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-            projection_ty: ty::AliasTy {
-                substs: trait_ref.substs,
-                def_id: obligation.predicate.def_id,
-            },
+            projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(obligation.predicate.def_id, trait_ref.substs),
             term: return_ty.into(),
         }
     });
@@ -1965,10 +1958,8 @@ fn confirm_builtin_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         bug!("unexpected builtin trait with associated type: {:?}", obligation.predicate);
     };
 
-    let predicate = ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-        projection_ty: ty::AliasTy { substs, def_id: item_def_id },
-        term,
-    };
+    let predicate =
+        ty::ProjectionPredicate { projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(item_def_id, substs), term };
 
     confirm_param_env_candidate(selcx, obligation, ty::Binder::dummy(predicate), false)
         .with_addl_obligations(obligations)
@@ -2037,7 +2028,7 @@ fn confirm_callable_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         flag,
     )
     .map_bound(|(trait_ref, ret_type)| ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-        projection_ty: ty::AliasTy { substs: trait_ref.substs, def_id: fn_once_output_def_id },
+        projection_ty: tcx.mk_alias_ty(fn_once_output_def_id, trait_ref.substs),
         term: ret_type.into(),
     });
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs
index 777de195895b8..c6ef13e185b2d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> FallibleTypeFolder<'tcx> for QueryNormalizer<'cx, 'tcx> {
             // This is really important. While we *can* handle this, this has
             // severe performance implications for large opaque types with
             // late-bound regions. See `issue-88862` benchmark.
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs })
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. })
                 if !substs.has_escaping_bound_vars() =>
             {
                 // Only normalize `impl Trait` outside of type inference, usually in codegen.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/relationships.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/relationships.rs
index bfa318787e546..34b5fc4891eb3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/relationships.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/relationships.rs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ pub(crate) fn update<'tcx, T>(
                 .kind()
                 .rebind(
                     // (*) binder moved here
-                    ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(tpred.with_self_type(infcx.tcx, new_self_ty)))
+                    ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(tpred.with_self_ty(infcx.tcx, new_self_ty)))
                 ),
         );
         // Don't report overflow errors. Otherwise equivalent to may_hold.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs
index 829d4f6098605..c54d901e9b10a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             let ty = traits::normalize_projection_type(
                 self,
                 param_env,
-                ty::AliasTy { def_id: tcx.lang_items().deref_target()?, substs: trait_ref.substs },
+                tcx.mk_alias_ty(tcx.lang_items().deref_target()?, trait_ref.substs),
                 cause.clone(),
                 0,
                 // We're *intentionally* throwing these away,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs
index 85456853ce08c..f6fe71fbd4f88 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
         let placeholder_self_ty = placeholder_trait_predicate.self_ty();
         let placeholder_trait_predicate = ty::Binder::dummy(placeholder_trait_predicate);
         let (def_id, substs) = match *placeholder_self_ty.kind() {
-            ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => (def_id, substs),
+            ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => (def_id, substs),
             _ => bug!("projection candidate for unexpected type: {:?}", placeholder_self_ty),
         };
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs
index 115897851d673..792933096b15c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs
@@ -1595,7 +1595,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
 
         let tcx = self.infcx.tcx;
         let (def_id, substs) = match *placeholder_trait_predicate.trait_ref.self_ty().kind() {
-            ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => (def_id, substs),
+            ty::Alias(_, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => (def_id, substs),
             _ => {
                 span_bug!(
                     obligation.cause.span,
@@ -2259,7 +2259,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
                 t.rebind(def.all_fields().map(|f| f.ty(self.tcx(), substs)).collect())
             }
 
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 // We can resolve the `impl Trait` to its concrete type,
                 // which enforces a DAG between the functions requiring
                 // the auto trait bounds in question.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/wf.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/wf.rs
index 74c4ae8854c34..a995eeb9a7afb 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/wf.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/wf.rs
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ impl<'tcx> WfPredicates<'tcx> {
                     // types appearing in the fn signature
                 }
 
-                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+                ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                     // All of the requirements on type parameters
                     // have already been checked for `impl Trait` in
                     // return position. We do need to check type-alias-impl-trait though.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/db.rs b/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/db.rs
index 53bafde0ea20e..bc4a52c5040d1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/db.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/db.rs
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ impl<'tcx> chalk_solve::RustIrDatabase<RustInterner<'tcx>> for RustIrDatabase<'t
                     }
                 }
                 (
-                    &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }),
+                    &ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }),
                     OpaqueType(opaque_ty_id, ..),
                 ) => def_id == opaque_ty_id.0,
                 (&ty::FnDef(def_id, ..), FnDef(fn_def_id, ..)) => def_id == fn_def_id.0,
@@ -789,7 +789,7 @@ impl<'tcx> ty::TypeFolder<'tcx> for ReplaceOpaqueTyFolder<'tcx> {
     }
 
     fn fold_ty(&mut self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) = *ty.kind() {
+        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) = *ty.kind() {
             if def_id == self.opaque_ty_id.0 && substs == self.identity_substs {
                 return self.tcx.mk_ty(ty::Bound(
                     self.binder_index,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/lowering.rs b/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/lowering.rs
index f3fd315c71ee5..9712abb708f27 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/lowering.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_traits/src/chalk/lowering.rs
@@ -347,13 +347,13 @@ impl<'tcx> LowerInto<'tcx, chalk_ir::Ty<RustInterner<'tcx>>> for Ty<'tcx> {
             ty::Tuple(types) => {
                 chalk_ir::TyKind::Tuple(types.len(), types.as_substs().lower_into(interner))
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Projection, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Projection, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 chalk_ir::TyKind::Alias(chalk_ir::AliasTy::Projection(chalk_ir::ProjectionTy {
                     associated_ty_id: chalk_ir::AssocTypeId(def_id),
                     substitution: substs.lower_into(interner),
                 }))
             }
-            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+            ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
                 chalk_ir::TyKind::Alias(chalk_ir::AliasTy::Opaque(chalk_ir::OpaqueTy {
                     opaque_ty_id: chalk_ir::OpaqueTyId(def_id),
                     substitution: substs.lower_into(interner),
@@ -443,11 +443,11 @@ impl<'tcx> LowerInto<'tcx, Ty<'tcx>> for &chalk_ir::Ty<RustInterner<'tcx>> {
             TyKind::Str => ty::Str,
             TyKind::OpaqueType(opaque_ty, substitution) => ty::Alias(
                 ty::Opaque,
-                ty::AliasTy { def_id: opaque_ty.0, substs: substitution.lower_into(interner) },
+                interner.tcx.mk_alias_ty(opaque_ty.0, substitution.lower_into(interner)),
             ),
             TyKind::AssociatedType(assoc_ty, substitution) => ty::Alias(
                 ty::Projection,
-                ty::AliasTy { substs: substitution.lower_into(interner), def_id: assoc_ty.0 },
+                interner.tcx.mk_alias_ty(assoc_ty.0, substitution.lower_into(interner)),
             ),
             TyKind::Foreign(def_id) => ty::Foreign(def_id.0),
             TyKind::Error => return interner.tcx.ty_error(),
@@ -458,17 +458,17 @@ impl<'tcx> LowerInto<'tcx, Ty<'tcx>> for &chalk_ir::Ty<RustInterner<'tcx>> {
             TyKind::Alias(alias_ty) => match alias_ty {
                 chalk_ir::AliasTy::Projection(projection) => ty::Alias(
                     ty::Projection,
-                    ty::AliasTy {
-                        def_id: projection.associated_ty_id.0,
-                        substs: projection.substitution.lower_into(interner),
-                    },
+                    interner.tcx.mk_alias_ty(
+                        projection.associated_ty_id.0,
+                        projection.substitution.lower_into(interner),
+                    ),
                 ),
                 chalk_ir::AliasTy::Opaque(opaque) => ty::Alias(
                     ty::Opaque,
-                    ty::AliasTy {
-                        def_id: opaque.opaque_ty_id.0,
-                        substs: opaque.substitution.lower_into(interner),
-                    },
+                    interner.tcx.mk_alias_ty(
+                        opaque.opaque_ty_id.0,
+                        opaque.substitution.lower_into(interner),
+                    ),
                 ),
             },
             TyKind::Function(_quantified_ty) => unimplemented!(),
diff --git a/src/librustdoc/clean/mod.rs b/src/librustdoc/clean/mod.rs
index 4a4dc899ba9a3..92886bbfe26b4 100644
--- a/src/librustdoc/clean/mod.rs
+++ b/src/librustdoc/clean/mod.rs
@@ -1835,7 +1835,7 @@ pub(crate) fn clean_middle_ty<'tcx>(
             }
         }
 
-        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs }) => {
+        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) => {
             // Grab the "TraitA + TraitB" from `impl TraitA + TraitB`,
             // by looking up the bounds associated with the def_id.
             let bounds = cx
diff --git a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/derive.rs b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/derive.rs
index 9e596ca8157eb..3f0b165f2b604 100644
--- a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/derive.rs
+++ b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/derive.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use rustc_middle::hir::nested_filter;
 use rustc_middle::traits::Reveal;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{
     self, Binder, BoundConstness, Clause, GenericParamDefKind, ImplPolarity, ParamEnv, PredicateKind, TraitPredicate,
-    TraitRef, Ty, TyCtxt,
+    Ty, TyCtxt,
 };
 use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
 use rustc_span::source_map::Span;
@@ -513,9 +513,9 @@ fn param_env_for_derived_eq(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: DefId, eq_trait_id: DefId) ->
         tcx.mk_predicates(ty_predicates.iter().map(|&(p, _)| p).chain(
             params.iter().filter(|&&(_, needs_eq)| needs_eq).map(|&(param, _)| {
                 tcx.mk_predicate(Binder::dummy(PredicateKind::Clause(Clause::Trait(TraitPredicate {
-                    trait_ref: TraitRef::new(
+                    trait_ref: tcx.mk_trait_ref(
                         eq_trait_id,
-                        tcx.mk_substs(std::iter::once(tcx.mk_param_from_def(param))),
+                        [tcx.mk_param_from_def(param)],
                     ),
                     constness: BoundConstness::NotConst,
                     polarity: ImplPolarity::Positive,
diff --git a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/future_not_send.rs b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/future_not_send.rs
index fcdac90fc237a..989f83cf80d59 100644
--- a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/future_not_send.rs
+++ b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/future_not_send.rs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for FutureNotSend {
             return;
         }
         let ret_ty = return_ty(cx, hir_id);
-        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, AliasTy { def_id, substs }) = *ret_ty.kind() {
+        if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, AliasTy { def_id, substs, .. }) = *ret_ty.kind() {
             let preds = cx.tcx.explicit_item_bounds(def_id);
             let mut is_future = false;
             for &(p, _span) in preds {
diff --git a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_utils/src/ty.rs b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_utils/src/ty.rs
index 33f3b3af3dc02..a6bcb134d4080 100644
--- a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_utils/src/ty.rs
+++ b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_utils/src/ty.rs
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ pub fn contains_ty_adt_constructor_opaque<'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'
                 return true;
             }
 
-            if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) = *inner_ty.kind() {
+            if let ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) = *inner_ty.kind() {
                 for &(predicate, _span) in cx.tcx.explicit_item_bounds(def_id) {
                     match predicate.kind().skip_binder() {
                         // For `impl Trait<U>`, it will register a predicate of `T: Trait<U>`, so we go through
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ pub fn is_must_use_ty<'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> bool {
             is_must_use_ty(cx, *ty)
         },
         ty::Tuple(substs) => substs.iter().any(|ty| is_must_use_ty(cx, ty)),
-        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) => {
+        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) => {
             for (predicate, _) in cx.tcx.explicit_item_bounds(*def_id) {
                 if let ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(trait_predicate)) = predicate.kind().skip_binder() {
                     if cx.tcx.has_attr(trait_predicate.trait_ref.def_id, sym::must_use) {
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ pub fn ty_sig<'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Option<ExprFnSig<'t
             Some(ExprFnSig::Closure(decl, subs.as_closure().sig()))
         },
         ty::FnDef(id, subs) => Some(ExprFnSig::Sig(cx.tcx.bound_fn_sig(id).subst(cx.tcx, subs), Some(id))),
-        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, substs: _ }) => sig_from_bounds(cx, ty, cx.tcx.item_bounds(def_id), cx.tcx.opt_parent(def_id)),
+        ty::Alias(ty::Opaque, ty::AliasTy { def_id, .. }) => sig_from_bounds(cx, ty, cx.tcx.item_bounds(def_id), cx.tcx.opt_parent(def_id)),
         ty::FnPtr(sig) => Some(ExprFnSig::Sig(sig, None)),
         ty::Dynamic(bounds, _, _) => {
             let lang_items = cx.tcx.lang_items();
@@ -1039,10 +1039,10 @@ pub fn make_projection<'tcx>(
             }
         }
 
-        Some(AliasTy {
+        Some(tcx.mk_alias_ty(
+            assoc_item.def_id,
             substs,
-            def_id: assoc_item.def_id,
-        })
+        ))
     }
     helper(
         tcx,