diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Synthesizer.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Synthesizer.scala
index 3b114de6a05c..c096b3e9ec96 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Synthesizer.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Synthesizer.scala
@@ -315,8 +315,8 @@ class Synthesizer(typer: Typer)(using @constructorOnly c: Context):
     loop(formal)
 
   private def checkRefinement(formal: Type, name: TypeName, expected: Type, span: Span)(using Context): Unit =
-    val actual = formal.lookupRefined(name)
-    if actual.exists && !(expected =:= actual)
+    val actual = formal.findMember(name, NoPrefix).info
+    if actual.exists && !(actual.bounds.contains(expected))
     then report.error(
       em"$name mismatch, expected: $expected, found: $actual.", ctx.source.atSpan(span))
 
@@ -504,6 +504,8 @@ class Synthesizer(typer: Typer)(using @constructorOnly c: Context):
         case MirrorSource.Singleton(_, tref) =>
           val singleton = tref.termSymbol // prefer alias name over the original name
           val singletonPath = tpd.singleton(tref).withSpan(span)
+          checkRefinement(formal, tpnme.MirroredElemTypes, defn.EmptyTupleModule.termRef, span)
+          checkRefinement(formal, tpnme.MirroredElemLabels, defn.EmptyTupleModule.termRef, span)
           if tref.classSymbol.is(Scala2x) then // could be Scala 3 alias of Scala 2 case object.
             val mirrorType = formal.constrained_& {
               mirrorCore(defn.Mirror_SingletonProxyClass, mirroredType, mirroredType, singleton.name)
diff --git a/tests/neg/i22851.scala b/tests/neg/i22851.scala
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9b675d13b16b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/neg/i22851.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+object Test {
+  def first[T <: Product](t: T)(using
+      m: scala.deriving.Mirror.ProductOf[T] {
+        type MirroredElemTypes <: NonEmptyTuple
+      }
+  ): Tuple.Head[m.MirroredElemTypes] = ???
+
+  first(EmptyTuple) // error
+  // MirroredElemTypes missmatch, expected: EmptyString, found: <: NonEmptyTuple.
+}