diff --git a/.github/workflows/linux.yml b/.github/workflows/linux.yml
index a4758e4efcda..79c30b540fd8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/linux.yml
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
           python3.8-dbg -c 'import sys; print("Python debug build:", hasattr(sys, "gettotalrefcount"))'
           python3.8-dbg -m pip install --upgrade pip 'setuptools<58.5' wheel
           python3.8-dbg -m pip install --upgrade numpy cython pytest pytest-xdist pybind11
-          python3.8-dbg -m pip install --upgrade mpmath gmpy2==2.1.0rc1 pythran
+          python3.8-dbg -m pip install --upgrade mpmath gmpy2==2.1.0rc1 pythran threadpoolctl
           python3.8-dbg -m pip uninstall -y nose
           cd ..
       - name: Building SciPy
diff --git a/azure-pipelines.yml b/azure-pipelines.yml
index 0b531424e99c..0745d13f9ad3 100644
--- a/azure-pipelines.yml
+++ b/azure-pipelines.yml
@@ -291,6 +291,7 @@ stages:
         pytest-env
         pytest-timeout
         pytest-xdist==1.34.0
+        threadpoolctl
       displayName: 'Install dependencies'
     # DLL resolution mechanics were changed in
     # Python 3.8: https://bugs.python.org/issue36085
diff --git a/ci/azure-travis-template.yaml b/ci/azure-travis-template.yaml
index 2f8d36b72ded..0b7e3a26407b 100644
--- a/ci/azure-travis-template.yaml
+++ b/ci/azure-travis-template.yaml
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ steps:
     pip install ${{parameters.other_spec}}
     cython
     gmpy2==2.1.0rc1
+    threadpoolctl
     mpmath
     pythran
     pybind11
diff --git a/doc/source/dev/core-dev/distributing.rst.inc b/doc/source/dev/core-dev/distributing.rst.inc
index b4e2e24120b4..5a302c89e1b8 100644
--- a/doc/source/dev/core-dev/distributing.rst.inc
+++ b/doc/source/dev/core-dev/distributing.rst.inc
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ are:
 - Pillow_ (for image loading/saving)
 - scikits.umfpack_ (optionally used in ``sparse.linalg``)
 - mpmath_ (for more extended tests in ``special``)
-- pydata/sparse  (compatibility support in ``scipy.sparse``)
+- pydata/sparse (compatibility support in ``scipy.sparse``)
+- threadpoolctl_ (to control BLAS/LAPACK threading in test suite)
 
 *Unconditional build-time dependencies:*
 
@@ -221,3 +222,4 @@ Wheelhouse_, see at the wheel_ and Wheelhouse_ docs.
 .. _six: https://pypi.org/project/six
 .. _decorator: https://github.com/micheles/decorator
 .. _manylinux: https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/
+.. _threadpoolctl: https://github.com/joblib/threadpoolctl
diff --git a/environment.yml b/environment.yml
index a9fb1586be9f..67e17380c8e6 100644
--- a/environment.yml
+++ b/environment.yml
@@ -36,3 +36,4 @@ dependencies:
   # Some optional test dependencies
   - mpmath
   - gmpy2=2.1.0rc1
+  - threadpoolctl
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index e3fdc9548fe5..2a7cf47e43d0 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ test = [
     "asv",
     "mpmath",
     "gmpy2==2.1.0rc1",
+    "threadpoolctl",
     "scikit-umfpack",
 ]
 doc = [