diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
index 9e7639e5078f3..e38a941dcfa19 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ def default_url_options=(options)
         alias_method :default_url_options, :default_url_options=
 
         def with_default_scope(scope, &block)
-          scope(scope) do
+          scope(**scope) do
             instance_exec(&block)
           end
         end
@@ -883,8 +883,7 @@ module Scoping
         #     scope as: "sekret" do
         #       resources :posts
         #     end
-        def scope(*args)
-          options = args.extract_options!.dup
+        def scope(*args, only: nil, except: nil, **options)
           scope = {}
 
           options[:path] = args.flatten.join("/") if args.any?
@@ -905,9 +904,8 @@ def scope(*args)
             block, options[:constraints] = options[:constraints], {}
           end
 
-          if options.key?(:only) || options.key?(:except)
-            scope[:action_options] = { only: options.delete(:only),
-                                       except: options.delete(:except) }
+          if only || except
+            scope[:action_options] = { only:, except: }
           end
 
           if options.key? :anchor
@@ -987,18 +985,16 @@ def controller(controller)
         #     namespace :admin, as: "sekret" do
         #       resources :posts
         #     end
-        def namespace(path, options = {}, &block)
-          path = path.to_s
-
-          defaults = {
-            module:         path,
-            as:             options.fetch(:as, path),
-            shallow_path:   options.fetch(:path, path),
-            shallow_prefix: options.fetch(:as, path)
-          }
+        def namespace(name, as: DEFAULT, path: DEFAULT, shallow_path: DEFAULT, shallow_prefix: DEFAULT, **options, &block)
+          name = name.to_s
+          options[:module] ||= name
+          as = name if as == DEFAULT
+          path = name if path == DEFAULT
+          shallow_path = path if shallow_path == DEFAULT
+          shallow_prefix = as if shallow_prefix == DEFAULT
 
-          path_scope(options.delete(:path) { path }) do
-            scope(defaults.merge!(options), &block)
+          path_scope(path) do
+            scope(**options, as:, shallow_path:, shallow_prefix:, &block)
           end
         end
 
@@ -1192,7 +1188,7 @@ module Resources
         class Resource # :nodoc:
           attr_reader :controller, :path, :param
 
-          def initialize(entities, api_only, shallow, options = {})
+          def initialize(entities, api_only, shallow, only: nil, except: nil, **options)
             if options[:param].to_s.include?(":")
               raise ArgumentError, ":param option can't contain colons"
             end
@@ -1205,8 +1201,8 @@ def initialize(entities, api_only, shallow, options = {})
             @options    = options
             @shallow    = shallow
             @api_only   = api_only
-            @only       = options.delete :only
-            @except     = options.delete :except
+            @only       = only
+            @except     = except
           end
 
           def default_actions
@@ -1285,7 +1281,7 @@ def singleton?; false; end
         end
 
         class SingletonResource < Resource # :nodoc:
-          def initialize(entities, api_only, shallow, options)
+          def initialize(entities, api_only, shallow, **options)
             super
             @as         = nil
             @controller = (options[:controller] || plural).to_s
@@ -1350,19 +1346,17 @@ def resources_path_names(options)
         #
         # ### Options
         # Takes same options as [resources](rdoc-ref:#resources)
-        def resource(*resources, &block)
-          options = resources.extract_options!.dup
-
-          if apply_common_behavior_for(:resource, resources, options, &block)
+        def resource(*resources, concerns: nil, **options, &block)
+          if apply_common_behavior_for(:resource, resources, concerns:, **options, &block)
             return self
           end
 
           with_scope_level(:resource) do
             options = apply_action_options options
-            resource_scope(SingletonResource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], options)) do
+            resource_scope(SingletonResource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], **options)) do
               yield if block_given?
 
-              concerns(options[:concerns]) if options[:concerns]
+              concerns(*concerns) if concerns
 
               new do
                 get :new
@@ -1520,19 +1514,17 @@ def resource(*resources, &block)
         #
         #     # resource actions are at /admin/posts.
         #     resources :posts, path: "admin/posts"
-        def resources(*resources, &block)
-          options = resources.extract_options!.dup
-
-          if apply_common_behavior_for(:resources, resources, options, &block)
+        def resources(*resources, concerns: nil, **options, &block)
+          if apply_common_behavior_for(:resources, resources, concerns:, **options, &block)
             return self
           end
 
           with_scope_level(:resources) do
             options = apply_action_options options
-            resource_scope(Resource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], options)) do
+            resource_scope(Resource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], **options)) do
               yield if block_given?
 
-              concerns(options[:concerns]) if options[:concerns]
+              concerns(*concerns) if concerns
 
               collection do
                 get  :index if parent_resource.actions.include?(:index)
@@ -1617,19 +1609,19 @@ def nested(&block)
             if shallow? && shallow_nesting_depth >= 1
               shallow_scope do
                 path_scope(parent_resource.nested_scope) do
-                  scope(nested_options, &block)
+                  scope(**nested_options, &block)
                 end
               end
             else
               path_scope(parent_resource.nested_scope) do
-                scope(nested_options, &block)
+                scope(**nested_options, &block)
               end
             end
           end
         end
 
         # See ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper::Scoping#namespace.
-        def namespace(path, options = {})
+        def namespace(name, as: DEFAULT, path: DEFAULT, shallow_path: DEFAULT, shallow_prefix: DEFAULT, **options, &block)
           if resource_scope?
             nested { super }
           else
@@ -1784,22 +1776,21 @@ def parent_resource
             @scope[:scope_level_resource]
           end
 
-          def apply_common_behavior_for(method, resources, options, &block)
+          def apply_common_behavior_for(method, resources, shallow: nil, **options, &block)
             if resources.length > 1
-              resources.each { |r| public_send(method, r, options, &block) }
+              resources.each { |r| public_send(method, r, shallow:, **options, &block) }
               return true
             end
 
-            if options[:shallow]
-              options.delete(:shallow)
-              shallow do
-                public_send(method, resources.pop, options, &block)
+            if shallow
+              self.shallow do
+                public_send(method, resources.pop, **options, &block)
               end
               return true
             end
 
             if resource_scope?
-              nested { public_send(method, resources.pop, options, &block) }
+              nested { public_send(method, resources.pop, shallow:, **options, &block) }
               return true
             end
 
@@ -1808,9 +1799,9 @@ def apply_common_behavior_for(method, resources, options, &block)
             end
 
             scope_options = options.slice!(*RESOURCE_OPTIONS)
-            unless scope_options.empty?
-              scope(scope_options) do
-                public_send(method, resources.pop, options, &block)
+            if !scope_options.empty? || !shallow.nil?
+              scope(**scope_options, shallow:) do
+                public_send(method, resources.pop, **options, &block)
               end
               return true
             end
@@ -1886,9 +1877,10 @@ def canonical_action?(action)
           end
 
           def shallow_scope
-            scope = { as: @scope[:shallow_prefix],
-                      path: @scope[:shallow_path] }
-            @scope = @scope.new scope
+            @scope = @scope.new(
+              as: @scope[:shallow_prefix],
+              path: @scope[:shallow_path],
+            )
 
             yield
           ensure
@@ -2152,8 +2144,7 @@ def concern(name, callable = nil, &block)
         #     namespace :posts do
         #       concerns :commentable
         #     end
-        def concerns(*args)
-          options = args.extract_options!
+        def concerns(*args, **options)
           args.flatten.each do |name|
             if concern = @concerns[name]
               concern.call(self, options)
diff --git a/actionpack/test/controller/resources_test.rb b/actionpack/test/controller/resources_test.rb
index 72e6e216e937a..b1e10bf8b9e69 100644
--- a/actionpack/test/controller/resources_test.rb
+++ b/actionpack/test/controller/resources_test.rb
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def test_multiple_default_restful_routes
   def test_multiple_resources_with_options
     expected_options = { controller: "threads", action: "index" }
 
-    with_restful_routing :messages, :comments, expected_options.slice(:controller) do
+    with_restful_routing :messages, :comments, controller: "threads" do
       assert_recognizes(expected_options, path: "comments")
       assert_recognizes(expected_options, path: "messages")
     end
@@ -1110,17 +1110,15 @@ def test_singleton_resource_name_is_not_singularized
   end
 
   private
-    def with_restful_routing(*args)
-      options = args.extract_options!
+    def with_restful_routing(*args, **options)
       collection_methods = options.delete(:collection)
       member_methods = options.delete(:member)
       path_prefix = options.delete(:path_prefix)
-      args.push(options)
 
       with_routing do |set|
         set.draw do
           scope(path_prefix || "") do
-            resources(*args) do
+            resources(*args, **options) do
               if collection_methods
                 collection do
                   collection_methods.each do |name, method|
diff --git a/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing/concerns_test.rb b/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing/concerns_test.rb
index 1ff236aee3c67..3c80772f9faf2 100644
--- a/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing/concerns_test.rb
+++ b/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing/concerns_test.rb
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ class ReviewsController < ResourcesController; end
 class RoutingConcernsTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
   class Reviewable
     def self.call(mapper, options = {})
-      mapper.resources :reviews, options
+      mapper.resources :reviews, **options
     end
   end
 
   Routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new.tap do |app|
     app.draw do
       concern :commentable do |options|
-        resources :comments, options
+        resources :comments, **options
       end
 
       concern :image_attachable do
diff --git a/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing_test.rb b/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing_test.rb
index 62e0111be2417..9341d504582f1 100644
--- a/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing_test.rb
+++ b/actionpack/test/dispatch/routing_test.rb
@@ -990,13 +990,13 @@ def test_resources_for_uncountable_names
 
   def test_resource_does_not_modify_passed_options
     options = { id: /.+?/, format: /json|xml/ }
-    draw { resource :user, options }
+    draw { resource :user, **options }
     assert_equal({ id: /.+?/, format: /json|xml/ }, options)
   end
 
   def test_resources_does_not_modify_passed_options
     options = { id: /.+?/, format: /json|xml/ }
-    draw { resources :users, options }
+    draw { resources :users, **options }
     assert_equal({ id: /.+?/, format: /json|xml/ }, options)
   end