I'm going to argue with my mom on the phone
I'm not sure that's healthy. Why do you need to argue with her?
I'm upset, and I call her every time I'm upset about something.
People can be upset, that's a normal behavior and I understand that you feel that way. However, your mom may feel disrespected if you call her and argue with her about something. You can tell her that you are upset and you do not have to argue with her in the process.
I want to argue and I'm going to argue.
She may not appreciate it and you may hurt her feelings and eventually you may regret it and will feel guilty about arguing with her so I hope you just respect her and tell her what is bothering you, but also accepting her advice and criticisms in the process. I do hope you're not going to be upset for a long time.