I'm constantly engaging in political arguments much to the annoyance of the people I care about
That can be risky, why would you engage in those conversations when you know it can be annoying?
I like to break the ice with a political argument because I want to be treated as an adult.
I understand you want to be treated like an adult, but you don't have to start political arguments to do that. Stay away from talking about political issues until you get to know people better.
You're right, I will stop with political arguments.
Some people find politics to be a very personal thing so you're doing the right thing by walking back from the amount you bring them up in conversation. I get wanting to be treated like an adult and in fact I think this is a very mature decision.