diff --git a/src/DbaException.php b/src/DbaException.php
index ec7377cc3..f5ec678f3 100644
--- a/src/DbaException.php
+++ b/src/DbaException.php
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 namespace staabm\PHPStanDba;
 
-final class DbaException extends \Exception
+final class DbaException extends \RuntimeException
 {
 }
diff --git a/src/Extensions/DeployerRunMysqlQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php b/src/Extensions/DeployerRunMysqlQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
index 51c9750ab..ddb14a752 100644
--- a/src/Extensions/DeployerRunMysqlQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
+++ b/src/Extensions/DeployerRunMysqlQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
@@ -35,7 +35,12 @@ public function getTypeFromFunctionCall(FunctionReflection $functionReflection,
         }
 
         $queryReflection = new QueryReflection();
-        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($args[0]->value, $scope, QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE_NUMERIC);
+        $queryString = $queryReflection->resolveQueryString($args[0]->value, $scope);
+        if (null === $queryString) {
+            return ParametersAcceptorSelector::selectSingle($functionReflection->getVariants())->getReturnType();
+        }
+
+        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($queryString, QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE_NUMERIC);
         if ($resultType instanceof ConstantArrayType) {
             $builder = ConstantArrayTypeBuilder::createEmpty();
             foreach ($resultType->getKeyTypes() as $keyType) {
diff --git a/src/Extensions/MysqliQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php b/src/Extensions/MysqliQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
index d7c1540b8..66f2e9b7a 100644
--- a/src/Extensions/MysqliQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
+++ b/src/Extensions/MysqliQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
@@ -47,7 +47,12 @@ public function getTypeFromFunctionCall(FunctionReflection $functionReflection,
         }
 
         $queryReflection = new QueryReflection();
-        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($args[1]->value, $scope, QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE_ASSOC);
+        $queryString = $queryReflection->resolveQueryString($args[1]->value, $scope);
+        if (null === $queryString) {
+            return ParametersAcceptorSelector::selectSingle($functionReflection->getVariants())->getReturnType();
+        }
+
+        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($queryString, QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE_ASSOC);
         if ($resultType) {
             return TypeCombinator::union(
                 new GenericObjectType(mysqli_result::class, [$resultType]),
@@ -67,7 +72,12 @@ public function getTypeFromMethodCall(MethodReflection $methodReflection, Method
         }
 
         $queryReflection = new QueryReflection();
-        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($args[0]->value, $scope, QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE_ASSOC);
+        $queryString = $queryReflection->resolveQueryString($args[0]->value, $scope);
+        if (null === $queryString) {
+            return ParametersAcceptorSelector::selectSingle($methodReflection->getVariants())->getReturnType();
+        }
+
+        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($queryString, QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE_ASSOC);
         if ($resultType) {
             return TypeCombinator::union(
                 new GenericObjectType(mysqli_result::class, [$resultType]),
diff --git a/src/Extensions/PdoQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php b/src/Extensions/PdoQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
index 3f0954edd..838c2e69c 100644
--- a/src/Extensions/PdoQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
+++ b/src/Extensions/PdoQueryDynamicReturnTypeExtension.php
@@ -62,7 +62,12 @@ public function getTypeFromMethodCall(MethodReflection $methodReflection, Method
         }
 
         $queryReflection = new QueryReflection();
-        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($args[0]->value, $scope, $reflectionFetchType);
+        $queryString = $queryReflection->resolveQueryString($args[0]->value, $scope);
+        if (null === $queryString) {
+            return $defaultReturn;
+        }
+
+        $resultType = $queryReflection->getResultType($queryString, $reflectionFetchType);
         if ($resultType) {
             return new GenericObjectType(PDOStatement::class, [$resultType]);
         }
diff --git a/src/QueryReflection/QueryReflection.php b/src/QueryReflection/QueryReflection.php
index a451d4e78..9fb656df8 100644
--- a/src/QueryReflection/QueryReflection.php
+++ b/src/QueryReflection/QueryReflection.php
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ public static function setupReflector(QueryReflector $reflector): void
         self::$reflector = $reflector;
     }
 
-    public function validateQueryString(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): ?Error
+    public function validateQueryString(string $queryString): ?Error
     {
-        $queryString = $this->builtSimulatedQuery($expr, $scope);
+        $queryString = $this->builtSimulatedQuery($queryString);
 
         if (null === $queryString) {
             return null;
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ public function validateQueryString(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): ?Error
     /**
      * @param QueryReflector::FETCH_TYPE* $fetchType
      */
-    public function getResultType(Expr $expr, Scope $scope, int $fetchType): ?Type
+    public function getResultType(string $queryString, int $fetchType): ?Type
     {
-        $queryString = $this->builtSimulatedQuery($expr, $scope);
+        $queryString = $this->builtSimulatedQuery($queryString);
 
         if (null === $queryString) {
             return null;
@@ -58,14 +58,8 @@ public function getResultType(Expr $expr, Scope $scope, int $fetchType): ?Type
         return self::reflector()->getResultType($queryString, $fetchType);
     }
 
-    private function builtSimulatedQuery(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): ?string
+    private function builtSimulatedQuery(string $queryString): ?string
     {
-        $queryString = $this->resolveQueryString($expr, $scope);
-
-        if (null === $queryString) {
-            return null;
-        }
-
         if ('SELECT' !== $this->getQueryType($queryString)) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -78,7 +72,7 @@ private function builtSimulatedQuery(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): ?string
         return $queryString;
     }
 
-    private function resolveQueryString(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): ?string
+    public function resolveQueryString(Expr $expr, Scope $scope): ?string
     {
         if ($expr instanceof Concat) {
             $left = $expr->left;
diff --git a/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryFunctionRule.php b/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryFunctionRule.php
index d63c3e8df..bea82ac9b 100644
--- a/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryFunctionRule.php
+++ b/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryFunctionRule.php
@@ -71,7 +71,12 @@ public function processNode(Node $node, Scope $scope): array
         $errors = [];
 
         $queryReflection = new QueryReflection();
-        $error = $queryReflection->validateQueryString($args[$queryArgPosition]->value, $scope);
+        $queryString = $queryReflection->resolveQueryString($args[$queryArgPosition]->value, $scope);
+        if (null === $queryString) {
+            return $errors;
+        }
+
+        $error = $queryReflection->validateQueryString($queryString);
         if (null !== $error) {
             $errors[] = RuleErrorBuilder::message('Query error: '.$error->getMessage().' ('.$error->getCode().').')->line($node->getLine())->build();
         }
diff --git a/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryMethodRule.php b/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryMethodRule.php
index 8921c1dcb..a48102084 100644
--- a/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryMethodRule.php
+++ b/src/Rules/SyntaxErrorInQueryMethodRule.php
@@ -64,7 +64,12 @@ public function processNode(Node $node, Scope $scope): array
         $errors = [];
 
         $queryReflection = new QueryReflection();
-        $error = $queryReflection->validateQueryString($args[$queryArgPosition]->value, $scope);
+        $queryString = $queryReflection->resolveQueryString($args[$queryArgPosition]->value, $scope);
+        if (null === $queryString) {
+            return $errors;
+        }
+
+        $error = $queryReflection->validateQueryString($queryString);
         if (null !== $error) {
             $errors[] = RuleErrorBuilder::message('Query error: '.$error->getMessage().' ('.$error->getCode().').')->line($node->getLine())->build();
         }