Who originally associated the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself?
Einstein
When did he do this?
In 1905
What letter is the value called?
E
How did the light value behave?
as an electrically neutral particle
As opposed to what?
an electromagnetic wave
What was it later called?
the photon
Who was energy E originally recognized by?
Max Planck
What type of action can't take an arbitrary value?
a physical one
What must it be instead?
some multiple of a very small quantity
What is that also known as?
the "quantum of action"
Is there another name for it?
yes
What is it?
the Planck constant
Is this fact widely understood in physics?
no
What does this imply about energy levels?
only certain ones are allowed
What about values in between?
they're forbidden