How was it in 1059?
unknown
Who elected the Pope in 1059?
the principal clergy of Rome and select bishops
When did it change?
the 12th century
What changed then?
ecclesiastics were appointed from outside Rome as cardinals
What is a cardinal?
the senior priest of an important church
where does the name come from?
the Latin cardo (hinge)
Do other churches besides Catholic use it?
Yes