diff --git a/.depend b/.depend
index 1439efedcb41..53be86fe14ca 100644
--- a/.depend
+++ b/.depend
@@ -130,6 +130,15 @@ utils/strongly_connected_components.cmx : \
     utils/strongly_connected_components.cmi
 utils/strongly_connected_components.cmi : \
     utils/identifiable.cmi
+utils/target_system.cmo : \
+    utils/misc.cmi \
+    utils/config.cmi \
+    utils/target_system.cmi
+utils/target_system.cmx : \
+    utils/misc.cmx \
+    utils/config.cmx \
+    utils/target_system.cmi
+utils/target_system.cmi :
 utils/targetint.cmo : \
     utils/misc.cmi \
     utils/targetint.cmi
diff --git a/compilerlibs/Makefile.compilerlibs b/compilerlibs/Makefile.compilerlibs
index 6133898cbce5..801912fefc25 100644
--- a/compilerlibs/Makefile.compilerlibs
+++ b/compilerlibs/Makefile.compilerlibs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ UTILS=utils/config.cmo utils/build_path_prefix_map.cmo utils/misc.cmo \
 	utils/terminfo.cmo utils/ccomp.cmo utils/warnings.cmo \
 	utils/consistbl.cmo utils/strongly_connected_components.cmo \
 	utils/targetint.cmo utils/int_replace_polymorphic_compare.cmo \
-	utils/domainstate.cmo utils/binutils.cmo
+	utils/domainstate.cmo utils/binutils.cmo utils/target_system.cmo
 UTILS_CMI=
 
 PARSING=parsing/location.cmo parsing/longident.cmo \
diff --git a/dune b/dune
index 51eda3c485f1..e5baab266ee7 100644
--- a/dune
+++ b/dune
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
    config build_path_prefix_map misc identifiable numbers arg_helper clflags
    profile terminfo ccomp warnings consistbl strongly_connected_components
    targetint load_path int_replace_polymorphic_compare domainstate binutils
-   local_store
+   local_store target_system
 
    ;; PARSING
    location longident docstrings syntaxerr ast_helper camlinternalMenhirLib
@@ -290,6 +290,7 @@
     (consistbl.mli as compiler-libs/consistbl.mli)
     (strongly_connected_components.mli as compiler-libs/strongly_connected_components.mli)
     (targetint.mli as compiler-libs/targetint.mli)
+    (target_system.mli as compiler-libs/target_system.mli)
     (load_path.mli as compiler-libs/load_path.mli)
     (int_replace_polymorphic_compare.mli as compiler-libs/int_replace_polymorphic_compare.mli)
     (location.mli as compiler-libs/location.mli)
@@ -714,6 +715,10 @@
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/targetint.cmo as compiler-libs/targetint.cmo)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/targetint.cmt as compiler-libs/targetint.cmt)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/targetint.cmti as compiler-libs/targetint.cmti)
+    (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/target_system.cmi as compiler-libs/target_system.cmi)
+    (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/target_system.cmo as compiler-libs/target_system.cmo)
+    (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/target_system.cmt as compiler-libs/target_system.cmt)
+    (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/target_system.cmti as compiler-libs/target_system.cmti)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/tast_iterator.cmi as compiler-libs/tast_iterator.cmi)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/tast_iterator.cmo as compiler-libs/tast_iterator.cmo)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/byte/tast_iterator.cmt as compiler-libs/tast_iterator.cmt)
@@ -893,6 +898,7 @@
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/symtable.cmx as compiler-libs/symtable.cmx)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/syntaxerr.cmx as compiler-libs/syntaxerr.cmx)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/targetint.cmx as compiler-libs/targetint.cmx)
+    (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/target_system.cmx as compiler-libs/target_system.cmx)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/tast_iterator.cmx as compiler-libs/tast_iterator.cmx)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/tast_mapper.cmx as compiler-libs/tast_mapper.cmx)
     (.ocamlcommon.objs/native/terminfo.cmx as compiler-libs/terminfo.cmx)
diff --git a/utils/target_system.ml b/utils/target_system.ml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d9afee0c87e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/target_system.ml
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+[@@@ocaml.warning "+a-4-30-40-41-42"]
+
+type architecture =
+  | IA32
+  | X86_64
+  | ARM
+  | AArch64
+  | POWER
+  | Z
+  | Riscv
+
+let architecture () : architecture =
+  match Config.architecture with
+  | "i386" -> IA32
+  | "amd64" -> X86_64
+  | "arm" -> ARM
+  | "arm64" -> AArch64
+  | "power" -> POWER
+  | "s390x" -> Z
+  | "riscv" -> Riscv
+  | arch -> Misc.fatal_errorf "Unknown architecture `%s'" arch
+
+type derived_system =
+  | Linux
+  | MinGW_32
+  | MinGW_64
+  | Win32
+  | Win64
+  | Cygwin
+  | MacOS_like
+  | FreeBSD
+  | NetBSD
+  | OpenBSD
+  | Generic_BSD
+  | Solaris
+  | Dragonfly
+  | GNU
+  | BeOS
+  | Unknown
+
+let derived_system () : derived_system =
+  (* Derived from [configure.ac] *)
+  match architecture (), Config.model, Config.system with
+  | IA32, _, "linux_elf" -> Linux
+  | IA32, _, "bsd_elf" -> Generic_BSD
+  | IA32, _, "beos" -> BeOS
+  | IA32, _, "cygwin" -> Cygwin
+  | IA32, _, "gnu" -> GNU
+  | IA32, _, "mingw" -> MinGW_32
+  | IA32, _, "win32" -> Win32
+  | X86_64, _, "win64" -> Win64
+  | POWER, "ppc64le", "elf" -> Linux
+  | POWER, "ppc64", "elf" -> Linux
+  | POWER, "ppc", "elf" -> Linux
+  | Z, "z10", "elf" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv6", "linux_eabihf" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv7", "linux_eabihf" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv8", "linux_eabihf" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv8", "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv7", "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv6t2", "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv6", "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv6", "freebsd" -> FreeBSD
+  | ARM, "armv6", "netbsd" -> NetBSD
+  | ARM, "armv7", "netbsd" -> NetBSD
+  | ARM, "armv5te", "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, "armv5", "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, _, "linux_eabihf" -> Linux
+  | ARM, _, "linux_eabi" -> Linux
+  | ARM, _, "bsd" -> OpenBSD
+  | X86_64, _, "linux" -> Linux
+  | X86_64, _, "gnu" -> GNU
+  | X86_64, _, "dragonfly" -> Dragonfly
+  | X86_64, _, "solaris" -> Solaris
+  | X86_64, _, "freebsd" -> FreeBSD
+  | X86_64, _, "netbsd" -> NetBSD
+  | X86_64, _, "openbsd" -> OpenBSD
+  | AArch64, _, "macosx" -> MacOS_like
+  | X86_64, _, "macosx" -> MacOS_like
+  | X86_64, _, "mingw64" -> MinGW_64
+  | AArch64, _, "linux" -> Linux
+  | AArch64, _, "freebsd" -> FreeBSD
+  | X86_64, _, "cygwin" -> Cygwin
+  | Riscv, "riscv64", "linux" -> Linux
+  | _, _, "unknown" -> Unknown
+  | _, _, _ ->
+    Misc.fatal_errorf
+      "Cannot determine system type (model %s, system %s): ensure \
+       `target_system.ml' matches `configure'"
+      Config.model Config.system
+
+let is_windows () =
+  match derived_system () with
+  | Linux | MacOS_like | FreeBSD | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Generic_BSD | Solaris
+  | Dragonfly | GNU | BeOS | Unknown ->
+    false
+  | MinGW_32 | MinGW_64 | Win32 | Win64 | Cygwin -> true
+
+type assembler =
+  | GAS_like
+  | MacOS
+  | MASM
+
+let assembler () =
+  match derived_system () with
+  | Win32 | Win64 -> MASM
+  | MacOS_like -> MacOS
+  | MinGW_32 | MinGW_64 | Cygwin | Linux | FreeBSD | NetBSD | OpenBSD
+  | Generic_BSD | Solaris | GNU | Dragonfly | BeOS | Unknown ->
+    GAS_like
diff --git a/utils/target_system.mli b/utils/target_system.mli
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..458fded09139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/target_system.mli
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+type architecture =
+  | IA32
+  | X86_64
+  | ARM
+  | AArch64
+  | POWER
+  | Z
+  | Riscv
+
+val architecture : unit -> architecture
+
+type derived_system =
+  | Linux
+  | MinGW_32
+  | MinGW_64
+  | Win32
+  | Win64
+  | Cygwin
+  | MacOS_like
+  | FreeBSD
+  | NetBSD
+  | OpenBSD
+  | Generic_BSD
+  | Solaris
+  | Dragonfly
+  | GNU
+  | BeOS
+  | Unknown
+
+val derived_system : unit -> derived_system
+
+val is_windows : unit -> bool
+
+type assembler =
+  | GAS_like
+  | MacOS
+  | MASM
+
+val assembler : unit -> assembler