diff --git a/.changeset/loud-insects-camp.md b/.changeset/loud-insects-camp.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..945297fae1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/loud-insects-camp.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"stylelint": major
+---
+
+Changed: `.js` extension to `.mjs` and `.cjs`
diff --git a/.changeset/weak-crews-swim.md b/.changeset/weak-crews-swim.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68be6e9f1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/weak-crews-swim.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"stylelint": major
+---
+
+Added: `exports` field to `package.json` for Conditional Exports (ESM/CJS)
diff --git a/docs/migration-guide/to-16.md b/docs/migration-guide/to-16.md
index b185a0721a..361e314a6e 100644
--- a/docs/migration-guide/to-16.md
+++ b/docs/migration-guide/to-16.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ This release contains breaking changes. We've:
 
 - removed deprecated stylistic rules
 - removed support for Node.js less than 18.12.0
+- changed `.js` extension to `.mjs` and `.cjs`
 - changed Node.js API returned resolved object
 - changed CLI to print problems to stderr
 - changed CLI exit code for flag errors
@@ -20,6 +21,31 @@ Node.js 14 and 16 have reached end-of-life. We've removed support for them so th
 
 You should use the 18.12.0 or higher versions of Node.js.
 
+## Changed `.js` extensions to `.mjs` and `.cjs`
+
+We've changed the file extension `.js` to `.mjs` and `.cjs` to support ESM and CJS.
+
+You should modify your code if using `.js` for `import` or `require`. For example:
+
+ESM:
+
+```diff js
+-import('stylelint/lib/utils/typeGuards.js');
++import('stylelint/lib/utils/typeGuards.mjs');
+```
+
+CJS:
+
+```diff js
+-require('stylelint/lib/utils/typeGuards.js');
++require('stylelint/lib/utils/typeGuards.cjs');
+```
+
+> [!WARNING]
+> We've strongly recommended copying the internal utilities to your project instead of importing them.
+> You can unsafely continue to `import` or `require` the files, but we will disallow access to them in the next major release.
+> See also [`stylelint.utils`](../developer-guide/plugins.md#stylelintutils) in the developer guide.
+
 ## Changed Node.js API returned resolved object
 
 We've changed the resolved object of the Promise returned by `stylelint.lint()` so that:
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index a091d2df6a..717167bdd5 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -22,6 +22,14 @@
   },
   "license": "MIT",
   "author": "stylelint",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "import": "./lib/index.mjs",
+      "require": "./lib/index.cjs"
+    },
+    "./package.json": "./package.json",
+    "./lib/utils/*": "./lib/utils/*"
+  },
   "main": "lib/index.cjs",
   "types": "types/stylelint/index.d.ts",
   "bin": {