diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index f97a333c..5286cfbd 100755
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ If you need a specific version of SQLite, or specific SQLite compilation options
 
 
 
-**July 2, 2023: Update SQLite to 3.42.0** ([changelog](https://github.com/swiftlyfalling/SQLiteLib/commits/master)).
+**November 2, 2023: Update SQLite to 3.44.0** ([changelog](https://github.com/swiftlyfalling/SQLiteLib/commits/master)).
 
 **Requirements**: iOS 8.0+ / OSX 10.9+, Xcode 7.3+
 
-**SQLite Included:** **[3.42.0](https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_42_0.html)**
+**SQLite Included:** **[3.44.0](https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_44_0.html)**
 
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/Makefile.in b/sqlite/Makefile.in
index 61cb3ef0..c521586a 100644
--- a/sqlite/Makefile.in
+++ b/sqlite/Makefile.in
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ LIBTCL = @TCL_LIB_SPEC@
 #
 READLINE_FLAGS = -DHAVE_READLINE=@TARGET_HAVE_READLINE@ @TARGET_READLINE_INC@
 READLINE_FLAGS += -DHAVE_EDITLINE=@TARGET_HAVE_EDITLINE@
+READLINE_FLAGS += -DHAVE_LINENOISE=@TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE@
 
 # The library that programs using readline() must link against.
 #
@@ -599,7 +600,7 @@ SHELL_OPT += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB
 SHELL_OPT += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB
 SHELL_OPT += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB
 SHELL_OPT += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC
-FUZZERSHELL_OPT = 
+FUZZERSHELL_OPT =
 FUZZCHECK_OPT += -I$(TOP)/test
 FUZZCHECK_OPT += -I$(TOP)/ext/recover
 FUZZCHECK_OPT += \
@@ -690,6 +691,12 @@ srcck1$(BEXE):	$(TOP)/tool/srcck1.c
 sourcetest:	srcck1$(BEXE) sqlite3.c
 	./srcck1 sqlite3.c
 
+src-verify:	$(TOP)/tool/src-verify.c
+	$(BCC) -o src-verify$(BEXE) $(TOP)/tool/src-verify.c
+
+verify-source:	./src-verify
+	./src-verify $(TOP)
+
 fuzzershell$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/tool/fuzzershell.c sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
 	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(FUZZERSHELL_OPT) \
 	  $(TOP)/tool/fuzzershell.c sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)
@@ -700,6 +707,9 @@ fuzzcheck$(TEXE):	$(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h $(FUZZCHECK_DEP)
 fuzzcheck-asan$(TEXE):	$(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h $(FUZZCHECK_DEP)
 	$(LTLINK) -o $@ -fsanitize=address $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) $(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)
 
+fuzzcheck-ubsan$(TEXE):	$(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h $(FUZZCHECK_DEP)
+	$(LTLINK) -o $@ -fsanitize=undefined $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) $(FUZZCHECK_SRC) sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)
+
 ossshell$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/test/ossfuzz.c $(TOP)/test/ossshell.c sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
 	$(LTLINK) -o $@ $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) $(TOP)/test/ossshell.c \
              $(TOP)/test/ossfuzz.c sqlite3.c $(TLIBS)
@@ -759,13 +769,22 @@ mptest:	mptester$(TEXE)
 	$(MPTEST2) --journalmode DELETE
 
 
+has_tclsh84:
+	sh $(TOP)/tool/cktclsh.sh 8.4 $(TCLSH_CMD)
+	touch has_tclsh84
+
+has_tclsh85:
+	sh $(TOP)/tool/cktclsh.sh 8.5 $(TCLSH_CMD)
+	touch has_tclsh85
+
+
 # This target creates a directory named "tsrc" and fills it with
 # copies of all of the C source code and header files needed to
 # build on the target system.  Some of the C source code and header
 # files are automatically generated.  This target takes care of
 # all that automatic generation.
 #
-.target_source:	$(SRC) $(TOP)/tool/vdbe-compress.tcl fts5.c
+.target_source:	$(SRC) $(TOP)/tool/vdbe-compress.tcl has_tclsh84 fts5.c
 	rm -rf tsrc
 	mkdir tsrc
 	cp -f $(SRC) tsrc
@@ -775,15 +794,15 @@ mptest:	mptester$(TEXE)
 	cp fts5.c fts5.h tsrc
 	touch .target_source
 
-sqlite3.c:	.target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
+sqlite3.c:	.target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl src-verify has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl $(AMALGAMATION_LINE_MACROS)
 	cp tsrc/sqlite3ext.h .
 	cp $(TOP)/ext/session/sqlite3session.h .
 
-sqlite3r.h: sqlite3.h
+sqlite3r.h: sqlite3.h has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3h.tcl $(TOP) --enable-recover >sqlite3r.h
 
-sqlite3r.c: sqlite3.c sqlite3r.h
+sqlite3r.c: sqlite3.c sqlite3r.h has_tclsh84
 	cp $(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c tsrc/
 	cp $(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h tsrc/
 	cp $(TOP)/ext/recover/dbdata.c tsrc/
@@ -798,7 +817,7 @@ tclsqlite3.c:	sqlite3.c
 	echo '#endif /* USE_SYSTEM_SQLITE */' >>tclsqlite3.c
 	cat $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c >>tclsqlite3.c
 
-sqlite3-all.c:	sqlite3.c $(TOP)/tool/split-sqlite3c.tcl
+sqlite3-all.c:	sqlite3.c $(TOP)/tool/split-sqlite3c.tcl has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/split-sqlite3c.tcl
 
 # Rule to build the amalgamation
@@ -1086,10 +1105,10 @@ tclsqlite3$(TEXE):	tclsqlite-shell.lo libsqlite3.la
 
 # Rules to build opcodes.c and opcodes.h
 #
-opcodes.c:	opcodes.h $(TOP)/tool/mkopcodec.tcl
+opcodes.c:	opcodes.h $(TOP)/tool/mkopcodec.tcl has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mkopcodec.tcl opcodes.h >opcodes.c
 
-opcodes.h:	parse.h $(TOP)/src/vdbe.c $(TOP)/tool/mkopcodeh.tcl
+opcodes.h:	parse.h $(TOP)/src/vdbe.c $(TOP)/tool/mkopcodeh.tcl has_tclsh84
 	cat parse.h $(TOP)/src/vdbe.c | $(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mkopcodeh.tcl >opcodes.h
 
 # Rules to build parse.c and parse.h - the outputs of lemon.
@@ -1100,10 +1119,10 @@ parse.c:	$(TOP)/src/parse.y lemon$(BEXE)
 	cp $(TOP)/src/parse.y .
 	./lemon$(BEXE) $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) $(OPTS) -S parse.y
 
-sqlite3.h:	$(TOP)/src/sqlite.h.in $(TOP)/manifest mksourceid$(BEXE) $(TOP)/VERSION
+sqlite3.h:	$(TOP)/src/sqlite.h.in $(TOP)/manifest mksourceid$(BEXE) $(TOP)/VERSION has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3h.tcl $(TOP) >sqlite3.h
 
-sqlite3rc.h:	$(TOP)/src/sqlite3.rc $(TOP)/VERSION
+sqlite3rc.h:	$(TOP)/src/sqlite3.rc $(TOP)/VERSION has_tclsh84
 	echo '#ifndef SQLITE_RESOURCE_VERSION' >$@
 	echo -n '#define SQLITE_RESOURCE_VERSION ' >>$@
 	cat $(TOP)/VERSION | $(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/replace.tcl exact . , >>$@
@@ -1133,12 +1152,13 @@ SHELL_SRC = \
 	$(TOP)/ext/expert/sqlite3expert.h \
 	$(TOP)/ext/misc/zipfile.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/misc/memtrace.c \
+	$(TOP)/ext/misc/pcachetrace.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/recover/dbdata.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h \
         $(TOP)/src/test_windirent.c
 
-shell.c:	$(SHELL_SRC) $(TOP)/tool/mkshellc.tcl
+shell.c:	$(SHELL_SRC) $(TOP)/tool/mkshellc.tcl has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mkshellc.tcl >shell.c
 
 
@@ -1226,7 +1246,7 @@ fts5parse.c:	$(TOP)/ext/fts5/fts5parse.y lemon$(BEXE)
 
 fts5parse.h: fts5parse.c
 
-fts5.c: $(FTS5_SRC)
+fts5.c: $(FTS5_SRC) has_tclsh84
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/ext/fts5/tool/mkfts5c.tcl
 	cp $(TOP)/ext/fts5/fts5.h .
 
@@ -1260,7 +1280,7 @@ TESTFIXTURE_SRC1 = sqlite3.c
 TESTFIXTURE_SRC = $(TESTSRC) $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c
 TESTFIXTURE_SRC += $(TESTFIXTURE_SRC$(USE_AMALGAMATION))
 
-testfixture$(TEXE):	$(TESTFIXTURE_SRC)
+testfixture$(TEXE):	has_tclsh85 $(TESTFIXTURE_SRC)
 	$(LTLINK) -DSQLITE_NO_SYNC=1 $(TEMP_STORE) $(TESTFIXTURE_FLAGS) \
 		-o $@ $(TESTFIXTURE_SRC) $(LIBTCL) $(TLIBS)
 
@@ -1284,11 +1304,17 @@ fulltestonly:	$(TESTPROGS) fuzztest
 	./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/full.test
 
 # Fuzz testing
-fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
+#
+# WARNING: When the "fuzztest" target is run by the testrunner.tcl script,
+# it does not actually run this code. Instead, it schedules equivalent 
+# commands. Therefore, if this target is updated, then code in
+# testrunner_data.tcl (search for "trd_fuzztest_data") must also be updated.
+#
+fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE)
 	./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) $(FUZZDATA)
 	./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
 
-valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(TEXT) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
+valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(TEXT) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(TEXE)
 	valgrind ./fuzzcheck$(TEXE) --cell-size-check --limit-mem 10M $(FUZZDATA)
 	valgrind ./sessionfuzz$(TEXE) run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
 
@@ -1305,11 +1331,23 @@ testrunner:	testfixture$(TEXE)
 
 # Runs both fuzztest and testrunner, consecutively.
 #
-devtest:	testfixture$(TEXE) fuzztest testrunner
+devtest:	srctree-check testfixture$(TEXE) fuzztest testrunner
+
+mdevtest: srctree-check has_tclsh85
+	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/test/testrunner.tcl mdevtest
+
+sdevtest: has_tclsh85
+	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/test/testrunner.tcl sdevtest
+
+# Validate that various generated files in the source tree
+# are up-to-date.
+#
+srctree-check:	$(TOP)/tool/srctree-check.tcl
+	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/srctree-check.tcl
 
 # Testing for a release
 #
-releasetest: testfixture$(TEXE)
+releasetest: srctree-check testfixture$(TEXE)
 	./testfixture$(TEXE) $(TOP)/test/testrunner.tcl release
 
 # Minimal testing that runs in less than 3 minutes
@@ -1320,7 +1358,7 @@ quicktest:	./testfixture$(TEXE)
 # This is the common case.  Run many tests that do not take too long,
 # including fuzzcheck, sqlite3_analyzer, and sqldiff tests.
 #
-test:	fuzztest sourcetest $(TESTPROGS) tcltest
+test:	srctree-check fuzztest sourcetest $(TESTPROGS) tcltest
 
 # Run a test using valgrind.  This can take a really long time
 # because valgrind is so much slower than a native machine.
@@ -1338,13 +1376,13 @@ smoketest:	$(TESTPROGS) fuzzcheck$(TEXE)
 shelltest: $(TESTPROGS)
 	./testfixture$(TEXT) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test shell
 
-sqlite3_analyzer.c: sqlite3.c $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c $(TOP)/tool/spaceanal.tcl $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/tool/sqlite3_analyzer.c.in
+sqlite3_analyzer.c: sqlite3.c $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c $(TOP)/tool/spaceanal.tcl $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/tool/sqlite3_analyzer.c.in has_tclsh85
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/tool/sqlite3_analyzer.c.in >sqlite3_analyzer.c
 
 sqlite3_analyzer$(TEXE): sqlite3_analyzer.c
 	$(LTLINK) sqlite3_analyzer.c -o $@ $(LIBTCL) $(TLIBS)
 
-sqltclsh.c: sqlite3.c $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c $(TOP)/tool/sqltclsh.tcl $(TOP)/ext/misc/appendvfs.c $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/tool/sqltclsh.c.in
+sqltclsh.c: sqlite3.c $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c $(TOP)/tool/sqltclsh.tcl $(TOP)/ext/misc/appendvfs.c $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/tool/sqltclsh.c.in has_tclsh85
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/tool/sqltclsh.c.in >sqltclsh.c
 
 sqltclsh$(TEXE): sqltclsh.c
@@ -1363,7 +1401,7 @@ CHECKER_DEPS =\
   $(TOP)/ext/misc/btreeinfo.c \
   $(TOP)/ext/repair/sqlite3_checker.c.in
 
-sqlite3_checker.c:	$(CHECKER_DEPS)
+sqlite3_checker.c:	$(CHECKER_DEPS) has_tclsh85
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl $(TOP)/ext/repair/sqlite3_checker.c.in >$@
 
 sqlite3_checker$(TEXE):	sqlite3_checker.c
@@ -1449,6 +1487,11 @@ amalgamation-tarball: sqlite3.c sqlite3rc.h
 snapshot-tarball: sqlite3.c sqlite3rc.h
 	TOP=$(TOP) sh $(TOP)/tool/mkautoconfamal.sh --snapshot
 
+# Build a ZIP archive containing various command-line tools.
+#
+tool-zip:	testfixture sqlite3 sqldiff sqlite3_analyzer $(TOP)/tool/mktoolzip.tcl
+	./testfixture $(TOP)/tool/mktoolzip.tcl
+
 # The next two rules are used to support the "threadtest" target. Building
 # threadtest runs a few thread-safety tests that are implemented in C. This
 # target is invoked by the releasetest.tcl script.
@@ -1506,6 +1549,7 @@ clean:
 	rm -f LogEst$(TEXE) fts3view$(TEXE) rollback-test$(TEXE) showdb$(TEXE)
 	rm -f showjournal$(TEXE) showstat4$(TEXE) showwal$(TEXE) speedtest1$(TEXE)
 	rm -f wordcount$(TEXE) changeset$(TEXE)
+	rm -f version-info$(TEXT)
 	rm -f sqlite3.dll sqlite3.lib sqlite3.exp sqlite3.def
 	rm -f sqlite3.c
 	rm -f sqlite3rc.h
@@ -1521,6 +1565,9 @@ clean:
 	rm -f dbhash dbhash.exe
 	rm -f fts5.* fts5parse.*
 	rm -f threadtest5
+	rm -f src-verify
+	rm -f custom.rws
+	rm -f has_tclsh84 has_tclsh85
 
 distclean:	clean
 	rm -f sqlite_cfg.h config.log config.status libtool Makefile sqlite3.pc \
@@ -1549,3 +1596,28 @@ sqlite3.dll: $(REAL_LIBOBJ) sqlite3.def
 #
 fiddle: sqlite3.c shell.c
 	make -C ext/wasm fiddle emcc_opt=-Os
+
+#
+# Spell-checking for source comments
+# The sources checked are either C sources or C source templates.
+# Their comments are extracted and processed through aspell using
+# a custom dictionary that contains scads of odd identifiers that
+# find their way into the comments.
+#
+# Currently, this target is setup to be "made" in-tree only.
+# The output is ephemeral. Redirect it to guide spelling fixups,
+# either to correct spelling or add words to tool/custom.txt.
+#
+./custom.rws: ./tool/custom.txt
+	@echo 'Updating custom dictionary from tool/custom.txt'
+	aspell --lang=en create master ./custom.rws < $<
+
+misspell: ./custom.rws has_tclsh84
+	$(TCLSH_CMD) ./tool/spellsift.tcl ./src/*.c ./src/*.h ./src/*.in
+
+#
+# tool/version-info: a utility for emitting sqlite3 version info
+# in various forms.
+#
+version-info$(TEXE):	$(TOP)/tool/version-info.c Makefile sqlite3.h
+	$(LTLINK) $(ST_OPT) -o $@ $(TOP)/tool/version-info.c
diff --git a/sqlite/Makefile.linux-gcc b/sqlite/Makefile.linux-gcc
index ad5d4dd0..fe7349ad 100644
--- a/sqlite/Makefile.linux-gcc
+++ b/sqlite/Makefile.linux-gcc
@@ -22,12 +22,6 @@ TOP = ../sqlite
 BCC = gcc -g -O0
 #BCC = /opt/ancic/bin/c89 -0
 
-#### If the target operating system supports the "usleep()" system
-#    call, then define the HAVE_USLEEP macro for all C modules.
-#
-#USLEEP = 
-USLEEP = -DHAVE_USLEEP=1
-
 #### If you want the SQLite library to be safe for use within a 
 #    multi-threaded program, then define the following macro
 #    appropriately:
diff --git a/sqlite/Makefile.msc b/sqlite/Makefile.msc
index 87814894..4339be89 100644
--- a/sqlite/Makefile.msc
+++ b/sqlite/Makefile.msc
@@ -52,6 +52,13 @@ MINIMAL_AMALGAMATION = 0
 USE_STDCALL = 0
 !ENDIF
 
+# Use the USE_SEH=0 option on the nmake command line to omit structured
+# exception handling (SEH) support.  SEH is on by default.
+#
+!IFNDEF USE_SEH
+USE_SEH = 1
+!ENDIF
+
 # Set this non-0 to have the shell executable link against the core dynamic
 # link library.
 #
@@ -218,6 +225,12 @@ WIN32HEAP = 0
 OSTRACE = 0
 !ENDIF
 
+# enable address sanitizer using ASAN=1 on the command-line.
+#
+!IFNDEF ASAN
+ASAN = 0
+!ENDIF
+
 # Set this to one of the following values to enable various debugging
 # features.  Each level includes the debugging options from the previous
 # levels.  Currently, the recognized values for DEBUG are:
@@ -361,6 +374,7 @@ SQLITE_TCL_DEP =
 !IFNDEF OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS
 !IF $(MINIMAL_AMALGAMATION)==0
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
+OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5=1
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_GEOPOLY=1
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB=1
@@ -389,6 +403,14 @@ OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RBU=1
 !ENDIF
 
+# Should structured exception handling (SEH) be enabled for WAL mode in
+# the core library?  It is on by default.  Only omit it if the
+# USE_SEH=0 option is provided on the nmake command-line.
+#
+!IF $(USE_SEH)==0
+OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_OMIT_SEH=1
+!ENDIF
+
 # These are the "extended" SQLite compilation options used when compiling for
 # the Windows 10 platform.
 #
@@ -877,6 +899,13 @@ RCC = $(RCC) -DSQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC_VALIDATE=1
 !ENDIF
 !ENDIF
 
+
+# Address sanitizer if ASAN=1
+#
+!IF $(ASAN)>0
+TCC = $(TCC) /fsanitize=address
+!ENDIF
+
 # <<mark>>
 # The locations of the Tcl header and library files.  Also, the library that
 # non-stubs enabled programs using Tcl must link against.  These variables
@@ -1565,8 +1594,7 @@ TESTEXT = \
   $(TOP)\ext\rtree\test_rtreedoc.c \
   $(TOP)\ext\recover\sqlite3recover.c \
   $(TOP)\ext\recover\test_recover.c \
-  $(TOP)\ext\recover\dbdata.c \
-  fts5.c
+  $(TOP)\ext\recover\dbdata.c 
 
 # If use of zlib is enabled, add the "zipfile.c" source file.
 #
@@ -1582,7 +1610,8 @@ TESTSRC2 = \
   $(SRC01) \
   $(SRC07) \
   $(SRC10) \
-  $(TOP)\ext\async\sqlite3async.c
+  $(TOP)\ext\async\sqlite3async.c \
+  fts5.c
 
 # Header files used by all library source files.
 #
@@ -1661,6 +1690,8 @@ SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_DQS=0
 SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4=1
 SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS=1
 SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC=1
+SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_UNKNOWN_SQL_FUNCTION=1
+SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS=1
 !ENDIF
 
 # <<mark>>
@@ -1792,8 +1823,8 @@ $(SQLITE3EXE):	shell.c $(SHELL_CORE_DEP) $(LIBRESOBJS) $(SHELL_CORE_SRC) $(SQLIT
 		/link $(SQLITE3EXEPDB) $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS) $(SHELL_LINK_OPTS) $(LTLIBPATHS) $(LIBRESOBJS) $(LIBREADLINE) $(LTLIBS) $(TLIBS)
 
 # <<mark>>
-sqldiff.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\sqldiff.c $(SQLITE3C) $(SQLITE3H)
-	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) $(TOP)\tool\sqldiff.c $(SQLITE3C) /link $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS)
+sqldiff.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\sqldiff.c $(SQLITE3C) $(SQLITE3H) $(LIBRESOBJS)
+	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) $(TOP)\tool\sqldiff.c $(SQLITE3C) /link $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS) $(LIBRESOBJS)
 
 dbhash.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\dbhash.c $(SQLITE3C) $(SQLITE3H)
 	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) $(TOP)\tool\dbhash.c $(SQLITE3C) /link $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS)
@@ -1807,6 +1838,12 @@ srcck1.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\srcck1.c
 sourcetest:	srcck1.exe $(SQLITE3C)
 	srcck1.exe $(SQLITE3C)
 
+src-verify.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\src-verify.c
+	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) $(TOP)\tool\src-verify.c
+
+verify-source:	src-verify.exe
+	src-verify.exe $(TOP)
+
 fuzzershell.exe:	$(TOP)\tool\fuzzershell.c $(SQLITE3C) $(SQLITE3H)
 	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN) $(FUZZERSHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) $(TOP)\tool\fuzzershell.c $(SQLITE3C) /link $(LDFLAGS) $(LTLINKOPTS)
 
@@ -1870,7 +1907,7 @@ mptest:	mptester.exe
 	move vdbe.new tsrc\vdbe.c
 	echo > .target_source
 
-sqlite3.c:	.target_source sqlite3ext.h sqlite3session.h $(MKSQLITE3C_TOOL)
+sqlite3.c:	.target_source sqlite3ext.h sqlite3session.h $(MKSQLITE3C_TOOL) src-verify.exe
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(MKSQLITE3C_TOOL) $(MKSQLITE3C_ARGS)
 
 sqlite3-all.c:	sqlite3.c $(TOP)\tool\split-sqlite3c.tcl
@@ -2226,8 +2263,8 @@ SHELL_SRC = \
 	$(TOP)\src\shell.c.in \
 	$(TOP)\ext\misc\appendvfs.c \
 	$(TOP)\ext\misc\completion.c \
-        $(TOP)\ext\misc\base64.c \
-        $(TOP)\ext\misc\base85.c \
+	$(TOP)\ext\misc\base64.c \
+	$(TOP)\ext\misc\base85.c \
 	$(TOP)\ext\misc\decimal.c \
 	$(TOP)\ext\misc\fileio.c \
 	$(TOP)\ext\misc\ieee754.c \
@@ -2238,9 +2275,10 @@ SHELL_SRC = \
 	$(TOP)\ext\expert\sqlite3expert.c \
 	$(TOP)\ext\expert\sqlite3expert.h \
 	$(TOP)\ext\misc\memtrace.c \
-	$(TOP)/ext/recover/dbdata.c \
-	$(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c \
-	$(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h \
+	$(TOP)\ext\misc\pcachetrace.c \
+	$(TOP)\ext\recover\dbdata.c \
+	$(TOP)\ext\recover\sqlite3recover.c \
+	$(TOP)\ext\recover\sqlite3recover.h \
 	$(TOP)\src\test_windirent.c
 
 # If use of zlib is enabled, add the "zipfile.c" source file.
@@ -2432,6 +2470,9 @@ extensiontest:	testfixture.exe testloadext.dll
 	@set PATH=$(LIBTCLPATH);$(PATH)
 	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\loadext.test $(TESTOPTS)
 
+tool-zip:	testfixture.exe sqlite3.exe sqldiff.exe sqlite3_analyzer.exe $(TOP)\tool\mktoolzip.tcl
+	.\testfixture.exe $(TOP)\tool\mktoolzip.tcl
+
 coretestprogs:	$(TESTPROGS)
 
 testprogs:	coretestprogs srcck1.exe fuzzcheck.exe sessionfuzz.exe
@@ -2484,10 +2525,13 @@ testrunner:	testfixture.exe
 #
 devtest:	testfixture.exe fuzztest testrunner
 
+mdevtest:
+	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)\test\testrunner.tcl mdevtest
+
 # Testing for a release
 #
 releasetest: testfixture.exe fuzztest
-	testfixture.exe $(TOP)/test/testrunner.tcl release
+	testfixture.exe $(TOP)\test\testrunner.tcl release
 
 
 smoketest:	$(TESTPROGS)
@@ -2515,14 +2559,14 @@ sqlite3_expert.exe: $(SQLITE3C) $(TOP)\ext\expert\sqlite3expert.h $(TOP)\ext\exp
 	$(LTLINK) $(NO_WARN)	$(TOP)\ext\expert\sqlite3expert.c $(TOP)\ext\expert\expert.c $(SQLITE3C) $(TLIBS)
 
 CHECKER_DEPS =\
-  $(TOP)/tool/mkccode.tcl \
+  $(TOP)\tool\mkccode.tcl \
   sqlite3.c \
-  $(TOP)/src/tclsqlite.c \
-  $(TOP)/ext/repair/sqlite3_checker.tcl \
-  $(TOP)/ext/repair/checkindex.c \
-  $(TOP)/ext/repair/checkfreelist.c \
-  $(TOP)/ext/misc/btreeinfo.c \
-  $(TOP)/ext/repair/sqlite3_checker.c.in
+  $(TOP)\src\tclsqlite.c \
+  $(TOP)\ext\repair\sqlite3_checker.tcl \
+  $(TOP)\ext\repair\checkindex.c \
+  $(TOP)\ext\repair\checkfreelist.c \
+  $(TOP)\ext\misc\btreeinfo.c \
+  $(TOP)\ext\repair\sqlite3_checker.c.in
 
 sqlite3_checker.c:	$(CHECKER_DEPS)
 	$(TCLSH_CMD) $(TOP)\tool\mkccode.tcl $(TOP)\ext\repair\sqlite3_checker.c.in > $@
@@ -2661,4 +2705,5 @@ clean:
 	del /Q showshm.exe sqlite3_checker.* sqlite3_expert.exe 2>NUL
 	del /Q fts5.* fts5parse.* 2>NUL
 	del /Q lsm.h lsm1.c 2>NUL
+	del /q src-verify.exe 2>NUL
 # <</mark>>
diff --git a/sqlite/README.md b/sqlite/README.md
index 0df8b58c..ebb917e2 100644
--- a/sqlite/README.md
+++ b/sqlite/README.md
@@ -25,7 +25,28 @@ If you pulled your SQLite source code from a secondary source and want to
 verify its integrity, there are hints on how to do that in the
 [Verifying Code Authenticity](#vauth) section below.
 
-## Obtaining The Code
+## Contacting The SQLite Developers
+
+The preferred way to ask questions or make comments about SQLite or to
+report bugs against SQLite is to visit the 
+[SQLite Forum](https://sqlite.org/forum) at <https://sqlite.org/forum/>.
+Anonymous postings are permitted.
+
+If you think you have found a bug that has security implications and
+you do not want to report it on the public forum, you can send a private
+email to drh at sqlite dot org.
+
+## Public Domain
+
+The SQLite source code is in the public domain.  See
+<https://sqlite.org/copyright.html> for details. 
+
+Because SQLite is in the public domain, we do not normally accept pull
+requests, because if we did take a pull request, the changes in that
+pull request might carry a copyright and the SQLite source code would
+then no longer be fully in the public domain.
+
+## Obtaining The SQLite Source Code
 
 If you do not want to use Fossil, you can download tarballs or ZIP
 archives or [SQLite archives](https://sqlite.org/cli.html#sqlar) as follows:
@@ -82,9 +103,9 @@ For example:
         mkdir bld                ;#  Build will occur in a sibling directory
         cd bld                   ;#  Change to the build directory
         ../sqlite/configure      ;#  Run the configure script
-        make                     ;#  Run the makefile.
+        make                     ;#  Builds the "sqlite3" command-line tool
         make sqlite3.c           ;#  Build the "amalgamation" source file
-        make test                ;#  Run some tests (requires Tcl)
+        make devtest             ;#  Run some tests (requires Tcl)
 
 See the makefile for additional targets.
 
@@ -94,32 +115,33 @@ script does not work out for you, there is a generic makefile named
 can copy and edit to suit your needs.  Comments on the generic makefile
 show what changes are needed.
 
-## Using MSVC for Windows systems
+## Compiling for Windows Using MSVC
 
 On Windows, all applicable build products can be compiled with MSVC.
-First open the command prompt window associated with the desired compiler
-version (e.g. "Developer Command Prompt for VS2013").  Next, use NMAKE
-with the provided "Makefile.msc" to build one of the supported targets.
-
-For example, from the parent directory of the source subtree named "sqlite":
-
-        mkdir bld
-        cd bld
-        nmake /f ..\sqlite\Makefile.msc TOP=..\sqlite
-        nmake /f ..\sqlite\Makefile.msc sqlite3.c TOP=..\sqlite
-        nmake /f ..\sqlite\Makefile.msc sqlite3.dll TOP=..\sqlite
-        nmake /f ..\sqlite\Makefile.msc sqlite3.exe TOP=..\sqlite
-        nmake /f ..\sqlite\Makefile.msc test TOP=..\sqlite
-
-There are several build options that can be set via the NMAKE command
-line.  For example, to build for WinRT, simply add "FOR_WINRT=1" argument
-to the "sqlite3.dll" command line above.  When debugging into the SQLite
-code, adding the "DEBUG=1" argument to one of the above command lines is
-recommended.
-
-SQLite does not require [Tcl](http://www.tcl.tk/) to run, but a Tcl installation
-is required by the makefiles (including those for MSVC).  SQLite contains
-a lot of generated code and Tcl is used to do much of that code generation.
+You will also need a working installation of TCL.
+See the [compile-for-windows.md](doc/compile-for-windows.md) document for
+additional information about how to install MSVC and TCL and configure your
+build environment.
+
+If you want to run tests, you need to let SQLite know the location of your
+TCL library, using a command like this:
+
+        set TCLDIR=c:\Tcl
+
+SQLite uses "tclsh.exe" as part of the build process, and so that utility
+program will need to be somewhere on your %PATH%.  The finished SQLite library
+does not contain any TCL code, but it does use TCL to help with the build process
+and to run tests.
+
+Build using Makefile.msc.  Example:
+
+        nmake /f Makefile.msc
+        nmake /f Makefile.msc sqlite3.c
+        nmake /f Makefile.msc devtest
+        nmake /f Makefile.msc releasetest
+ 
+There are many other makefile targets.  See comments in Makefile.msc for
+details.
 
 ## Source Code Tour
 
@@ -290,16 +312,13 @@ Key files:
      is not part of the core SQLite library.  But as most of the tests in this
      repository are written in Tcl, the Tcl language bindings are important.
 
-  *  **test*.c** - Files in the src/ folder that begin with "test" go into
+  *  **test\*.c** - Files in the src/ folder that begin with "test" go into
      building the "testfixture.exe" program.  The testfixture.exe program is
      an enhanced Tcl shell.  The testfixture.exe program runs scripts in the
      test/ folder to validate the core SQLite code.  The testfixture program
      (and some other test programs too) is built and run when you type
      "make test".
 
-  *  **ext/misc/json1.c** - This file implements the various JSON functions
-     that are built into SQLite.
-
 There are many other source files.  Each has a succinct header comment that
 describes its purpose and role within the larger system.
 
@@ -307,8 +326,8 @@ describes its purpose and role within the larger system.
 ## Verifying Code Authenticity
 
 The `manifest` file at the root directory of the source tree
-contains either a SHA3-256 hash (for newer files) or a SHA1 hash (for
-older files) for every source file in the repository.
+contains either a SHA3-256 hash or a SHA1 hash
+for every source file in the repository.
 The name of the version of the entire source tree is just the
 SHA3-256 hash of the `manifest` file itself, possibly with the
 last line of that file omitted if the last line begins with
@@ -316,14 +335,25 @@ last line of that file omitted if the last line begins with
 The `manifest.uuid` file should contain the SHA3-256 hash of the
 `manifest` file. If all of the above hash comparisons are correct, then
 you can be confident that your source tree is authentic and unadulterated.
+Details on the format for the `manifest` files are available
+[on the Fossil website](https://fossil-scm.org/fossil/doc/trunk/www/fileformat.wiki#manifest).
+
+The process of checking source code authenticity is automated by the 
+makefile:
+
+>   make verify-source
+
+Or on windows:
+
+>   nmake /f Makefile.msc verify-source
 
-The format of the `manifest` file should be mostly self-explanatory, but
-if you want details, they are available
-[here](https://fossil-scm.org/fossil/doc/trunk/www/fileformat.wiki#manifest).
+Using the makefile to verify source integrity is good for detecting
+accidental changes to the source tree, but malicious changes could be
+hidden by also modifying the makefiles.
 
 ## Contacts
 
-The main SQLite website is [http://www.sqlite.org/](http://www.sqlite.org/)
+The main SQLite website is [http:/sqlite.org/](http://sqlite.org/)
 with geographically distributed backups at
 [http://www2.sqlite.org/](http://www2.sqlite.org) and
 [http://www3.sqlite.org/](http://www3.sqlite.org).
diff --git a/sqlite/VERSION b/sqlite/VERSION
index 476cebe0..faf0dcbb 100644
--- a/sqlite/VERSION
+++ b/sqlite/VERSION
@@ -1 +1 @@
-3.42.0
+3.44.0
diff --git a/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.am b/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.am
index 694419b2..1eaa560f 100644
--- a/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.am
+++ b/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.am
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ sqlite3_SOURCES = shell.c sqlite3.h
 EXTRA_sqlite3_SOURCES = sqlite3.c
 sqlite3_LDADD = @EXTRA_SHELL_OBJ@ @READLINE_LIBS@
 sqlite3_DEPENDENCIES = @EXTRA_SHELL_OBJ@
-sqlite3_CFLAGS = $(AM_CFLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB $(SHELL_CFLAGS)
+sqlite3_CFLAGS = $(AM_CFLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS -DSQLITE_DQS=0 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB $(SHELL_CFLAGS)
 
 include_HEADERS = sqlite3.h sqlite3ext.h
 
diff --git a/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.msc b/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.msc
index 09daa867..280bb95d 100644
--- a/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.msc
+++ b/sqlite/autoconf/Makefile.msc
@@ -52,6 +52,13 @@ MINIMAL_AMALGAMATION = 0
 USE_STDCALL = 0
 !ENDIF
 
+# Use the USE_SEH=0 option on the nmake command line to omit structured
+# exception handling (SEH) support.  SEH is on by default.
+#
+!IFNDEF USE_SEH
+USE_SEH = 1
+!ENDIF
+
 # Set this non-0 to have the shell executable link against the core dynamic
 # link library.
 #
@@ -180,6 +187,12 @@ WIN32HEAP = 0
 OSTRACE = 0
 !ENDIF
 
+# enable address sanitizer using ASAN=1 on the command-line.
+#
+!IFNDEF ASAN
+ASAN = 0
+!ENDIF
+
 # Set this to one of the following values to enable various debugging
 # features.  Each level includes the debugging options from the previous
 # levels.  Currently, the recognized values for DEBUG are:
@@ -283,6 +296,7 @@ SQLITE3EXEPDB = /pdb:sqlite3sh.pdb
 !IFNDEF OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS
 !IF $(MINIMAL_AMALGAMATION)==0
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
+OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5=1
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_GEOPOLY=1
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB=1
@@ -311,6 +325,14 @@ OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
 OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RBU=1
 !ENDIF
 
+# Should structured exception handling (SEH) be enabled for WAL mode in
+# the core library?  It is on by default.  Only omit it if the
+# USE_SEH=0 option is provided on the nmake command-line.
+#
+!IF $(USE_SEH)==0
+OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS = $(OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS) -DSQLITE_OMIT_SEH=1
+!ENDIF
+
 # These are the "extended" SQLite compilation options used when compiling for
 # the Windows 10 platform.
 #
@@ -718,6 +740,13 @@ RCC = $(RCC) -DSQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC_VALIDATE=1
 !ENDIF
 
 
+# Address sanitizer if ASAN=1
+#
+!IF $(ASAN)>0
+TCC = $(TCC) /fsanitize=address
+!ENDIF
+
+
 # Compiler options needed for programs that use the readline() library.
 #
 !IFNDEF READLINE_FLAGS
@@ -959,6 +988,8 @@ SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_DQS=0
 SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4=1
 SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS=1
 SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC=1
+SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_UNKNOWN_SQL_FUNCTION=1
+SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS = $(SHELL_COMPILE_OPTS) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS=1
 !ENDIF
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/autoconf/tea/configure.ac b/sqlite/autoconf/tea/configure.ac
index e26780e2..e34bda9f 100644
--- a/sqlite/autoconf/tea/configure.ac
+++ b/sqlite/autoconf/tea/configure.ac
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ dnl	to configure the system for the local environment.
 # so that we create the export library with the dll.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-AC_INIT([sqlite],[3.42.0])
+AC_INIT([sqlite],[3.44.0])
 
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Call TEA_INIT as the first TEA_ macro to set up initial vars.
diff --git a/sqlite/configure b/sqlite/configure
index 29ca76b6..7b31f6f7 100755
--- a/sqlite/configure
+++ b/sqlite/configure
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
-# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for sqlite 3.42.0.
+# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for sqlite 3.44.0.
 #
 #
 # Copyright (C) 1992-1996, 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -726,8 +726,8 @@ MAKEFLAGS=
 # Identity of this package.
 PACKAGE_NAME='sqlite'
 PACKAGE_TARNAME='sqlite'
-PACKAGE_VERSION='3.42.0'
-PACKAGE_STRING='sqlite 3.42.0'
+PACKAGE_VERSION='3.44.0'
+PACKAGE_STRING='sqlite 3.44.0'
 PACKAGE_BUGREPORT=''
 PACKAGE_URL=''
 
@@ -776,6 +776,7 @@ OPT_FEATURE_FLAGS
 HAVE_ZLIB
 USE_AMALGAMATION
 TARGET_DEBUG
+TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE
 TARGET_HAVE_EDITLINE
 TARGET_HAVE_READLINE
 TARGET_READLINE_INC
@@ -903,6 +904,7 @@ enable_editline
 enable_readline
 with_readline_lib
 with_readline_inc
+with_linenoise
 enable_debug
 enable_amalgamation
 enable_load_extension
@@ -1470,7 +1472,7 @@ if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
   # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
   # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
   cat <<_ACEOF
-\`configure' configures sqlite 3.42.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
+\`configure' configures sqlite 3.44.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
 
 Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
 
@@ -1535,7 +1537,7 @@ fi
 
 if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
   case $ac_init_help in
-     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of sqlite 3.42.0:";;
+     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of sqlite 3.44.0:";;
    esac
   cat <<\_ACEOF
 
@@ -1587,6 +1589,7 @@ Optional Packages:
                           (tclConfig.sh)
   --with-readline-lib     specify readline library
   --with-readline-inc     specify readline include paths
+  --with-linenoise=DIR    source directory for linenoise library
 
 Some influential environment variables:
   CC          C compiler command
@@ -1665,7 +1668,7 @@ fi
 test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
 if $ac_init_version; then
   cat <<\_ACEOF
-sqlite configure 3.42.0
+sqlite configure 3.44.0
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69
 
 Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -2084,7 +2087,7 @@ cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
 This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
 running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.
 
-It was created by sqlite $as_me 3.42.0, which was
+It was created by sqlite $as_me 3.44.0, which was
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was
 
   $ $0 $@
@@ -3942,13 +3945,13 @@ if ${lt_cv_nm_interface+:} false; then :
 else
   lt_cv_nm_interface="BSD nm"
   echo "int some_variable = 0;" > conftest.$ac_ext
-  (eval echo "\"\$as_me:3945: $ac_compile\"" >&5)
+  (eval echo "\"\$as_me:3948: $ac_compile\"" >&5)
   (eval "$ac_compile" 2>conftest.err)
   cat conftest.err >&5
-  (eval echo "\"\$as_me:3948: $NM \\\"conftest.$ac_objext\\\"\"" >&5)
+  (eval echo "\"\$as_me:3951: $NM \\\"conftest.$ac_objext\\\"\"" >&5)
   (eval "$NM \"conftest.$ac_objext\"" 2>conftest.err > conftest.out)
   cat conftest.err >&5
-  (eval echo "\"\$as_me:3951: output\"" >&5)
+  (eval echo "\"\$as_me:3954: output\"" >&5)
   cat conftest.out >&5
   if $GREP 'External.*some_variable' conftest.out > /dev/null; then
     lt_cv_nm_interface="MS dumpbin"
@@ -5154,7 +5157,7 @@ ia64-*-hpux*)
   ;;
 *-*-irix6*)
   # Find out which ABI we are using.
-  echo '#line 5157 "configure"' > conftest.$ac_ext
+  echo '#line 5160 "configure"' > conftest.$ac_ext
   if { { eval echo "\"\$as_me\":${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \"$ac_compile\""; } >&5
   (eval $ac_compile) 2>&5
   ac_status=$?
@@ -6679,11 +6682,11 @@ else
    -e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
    -e 's: [^ ]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
    -e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
-   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:6682: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
+   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:6685: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
    (eval "$lt_compile" 2>conftest.err)
    ac_status=$?
    cat conftest.err >&5
-   echo "$as_me:6686: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
+   echo "$as_me:6689: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
    if (exit $ac_status) && test -s "$ac_outfile"; then
      # The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
      # So say no if there are warnings other than the usual output.
@@ -7018,11 +7021,11 @@ else
    -e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
    -e 's: [^ ]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
    -e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
-   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:7021: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
+   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:7024: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
    (eval "$lt_compile" 2>conftest.err)
    ac_status=$?
    cat conftest.err >&5
-   echo "$as_me:7025: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
+   echo "$as_me:7028: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
    if (exit $ac_status) && test -s "$ac_outfile"; then
      # The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
      # So say no if there are warnings other than the usual output.
@@ -7123,11 +7126,11 @@ else
    -e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
    -e 's: [^ ]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
    -e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
-   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:7126: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
+   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:7129: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
    (eval "$lt_compile" 2>out/conftest.err)
    ac_status=$?
    cat out/conftest.err >&5
-   echo "$as_me:7130: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
+   echo "$as_me:7133: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
    if (exit $ac_status) && test -s out/conftest2.$ac_objext
    then
      # The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
@@ -7178,11 +7181,11 @@ else
    -e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
    -e 's: [^ ]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
    -e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
-   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:7181: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
+   (eval echo "\"\$as_me:7184: $lt_compile\"" >&5)
    (eval "$lt_compile" 2>out/conftest.err)
    ac_status=$?
    cat out/conftest.err >&5
-   echo "$as_me:7185: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
+   echo "$as_me:7188: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
    if (exit $ac_status) && test -s out/conftest2.$ac_objext
    then
      # The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
@@ -9558,7 +9561,7 @@ else
   lt_dlunknown=0; lt_dlno_uscore=1; lt_dlneed_uscore=2
   lt_status=$lt_dlunknown
   cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<_LT_EOF
-#line 9561 "configure"
+#line 9564 "configure"
 #include "confdefs.h"
 
 #if HAVE_DLFCN_H
@@ -9654,7 +9657,7 @@ else
   lt_dlunknown=0; lt_dlno_uscore=1; lt_dlneed_uscore=2
   lt_status=$lt_dlunknown
   cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<_LT_EOF
-#line 9657 "configure"
+#line 9660 "configure"
 #include "confdefs.h"
 
 #if HAVE_DLFCN_H
@@ -11245,6 +11248,27 @@ fi
 	fi
 fi
 
+# Check whether --with-linenoise was given.
+if test "${with_linenoise+set}" = set; then :
+  withval=$with_linenoise; with_linenoise=$withval
+else
+  with_linenoise="no"
+fi
+
+if test "x$with_linenoise" != "xno"; then
+   TARGET_HAVE_READLINE=0
+   TARGET_HAVE_EDITLINE=0
+   TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE=1
+   TARGET_READLINE_INC="-I${with_linenoise}"
+   TARGET_READLINE_LIBS="${with_linenoise}/linenoise.c"
+   echo "using linenoise source code at ${with_linenoise}"
+else
+   TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE=0
+   echo "not using linenoise"
+fi
+
+
+
 
 
 
@@ -11321,7 +11345,7 @@ fi
 { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking build type" >&5
 $as_echo_n "checking build type... " >&6; }
 if test "${enable_debug}" = "yes" ; then
-  TARGET_DEBUG="-DSQLITE_DEBUG=1 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WHERETRACE -O0"
+  TARGET_DEBUG="-DSQLITE_DEBUG=1 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WHERETRACE -O0 -Wall"
   { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: debug" >&5
 $as_echo "debug" >&6; }
 else
@@ -12457,7 +12481,7 @@ cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
 # report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
 # values after options handling.
 ac_log="
-This file was extended by sqlite $as_me 3.42.0, which was
+This file was extended by sqlite $as_me 3.44.0, which was
 generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.  Invocation command line was
 
   CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
@@ -12523,7 +12547,7 @@ _ACEOF
 cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
 ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`"
 ac_cs_version="\\
-sqlite config.status 3.42.0
+sqlite config.status 3.44.0
 configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69,
   with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"
 
diff --git a/sqlite/configure.ac b/sqlite/configure.ac
index 53be0a68..837d2fb0 100644
--- a/sqlite/configure.ac
+++ b/sqlite/configure.ac
@@ -598,11 +598,28 @@ if test x"$with_readline" != xno; then
 		TARGET_HAVE_READLINE=1
 	fi
 fi
+AC_ARG_WITH([linenoise],
+            [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-linenoise=DIR],[source directory for linenoise library])],
+            [with_linenoise=$withval],
+            [with_linenoise="no"])
+if test "x$with_linenoise" != "xno"; then
+   TARGET_HAVE_READLINE=0
+   TARGET_HAVE_EDITLINE=0
+   TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE=1
+   TARGET_READLINE_INC="-I${with_linenoise}"
+   TARGET_READLINE_LIBS="${with_linenoise}/linenoise.c"
+   echo "using linenoise source code at ${with_linenoise}"
+else
+   TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE=0
+   echo "not using linenoise"
+fi
 
 AC_SUBST(TARGET_READLINE_LIBS)
 AC_SUBST(TARGET_READLINE_INC)
 AC_SUBST(TARGET_HAVE_READLINE)
 AC_SUBST(TARGET_HAVE_EDITLINE)
+AC_SUBST(TARGET_HAVE_LINENOISE)
+
 
 ##########
 # Figure out what C libraries are required to compile programs
@@ -615,7 +632,7 @@ AC_SEARCH_LIBS(fdatasync, [rt])
 AC_ARG_ENABLE(debug, AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-debug],[enable debugging & verbose explain]))
 AC_MSG_CHECKING([build type])
 if test "${enable_debug}" = "yes" ; then
-  TARGET_DEBUG="-DSQLITE_DEBUG=1 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WHERETRACE -O0"
+  TARGET_DEBUG="-DSQLITE_DEBUG=1 -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SELECTTRACE -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WHERETRACE -O0 -Wall"
   AC_MSG_RESULT([debug])
 else
   TARGET_DEBUG="-DNDEBUG"
diff --git a/sqlite/doc/compile-for-windows.md b/sqlite/doc/compile-for-windows.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20f79afa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/doc/compile-for-windows.md
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# Notes On Compiling SQLite On Windows 11
+
+Here are step-by-step instructions on how to build SQLite from
+canonical source on a new Windows 11 PC, as of 2023-08-16:
+
+  1.  Install Microsoft Visual Studio. The free "community edition" 
+      will work fine.  Do a standard install for C++ development.
+      SQLite only needs the
+      "cl" compiler and the "nmake" build tool.
+
+  2.  Under the "Start" menu, find "All Apps" then go to "Visual Studio 20XX"
+      and find "x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 20XX".  Pin that
+      application to your task bar, as you will use it a lot.  Bring up
+      an instance of this command prompt and do all of the subsequent steps
+      in that "x64 Native Tools" command prompt.  (Or use "x86" if you want
+      a 32-bit build.)  The subsequent steps will not work in a vanilla
+      DOS prompt.  Nor will they work in PowerShell.
+
+  3.  Install TCL development libraries.  This note assumes that you will
+      install the TCL development libraries in the "`c:\Tcl`" directory.
+      Make adjustments
+      if you want TCL installed somewhere else.  SQLite needs both the
+      "tclsh.exe" command-line tool as part of the build process, and
+      the "tcl86.lib" library in order to run tests.  You will need
+      TCL version 8.6 or later.
+      <ol type="a">
+      <li>Get the TCL source archive, perhaps from
+      [https://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/download.html](https://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/download.html).
+      <li>Untar or unzip the source archive.  CD into the "win/" subfolder
+          of the source tree.
+      <li>Run: `nmake /f makefile.vc release`
+      <li>Run: `nmake /f makefile.vc INSTALLDIR=c:\Tcl install`
+      <li>CD to `c:\Tcl\lib`.  In that subfolder make a copy of the
+          "`tcl86t.lib`" file to the alternative name "`tcl86.lib`"
+          (omitting the second 't').  Leave the copy in the same directory
+          as the original.
+      <li>CD to `c:\Tcl\bin`.  Make a copy of the "`tclsh86t.exe`"
+          file into "`tclsh.exe`" (without the "86t") in the same directory.
+      <li>Add `c:\Tcl\bin` to your %PATH%.  To do this, go to Settings
+          and search for "path".  Select "edit environment variables for
+          your account" and modify your default PATH accordingly.
+          You will need to close and reopen your command prompts after
+          making this change.
+      </ol>
+
+  4.  Download the SQLite source tree and unpack it. CD into the
+      toplevel directory of the source tree.
+
+  5.  Set the TCLDIR environment variable to point to your TCL installation.
+      Like this:
+      <ul>
+      <li> `set TCLDIR=c:\Tcl`
+      </ul>
+
+  6.  Run the "`Makefile.msc`" makefile with an appropriate target.
+      Examples:
+      <ul>
+      <li>  `nmake /f makefile.msc`
+      <li>  `nmake /f makefile.msc sqlite3.c`
+      <li>  `nmake /f makefile.msc devtest`
+      <li>  `nmake /f makefile.msc releasetest`
+      </ul>
+
+## 32-bit Builds
+
+Doing a 32-bit build is just like doing a 64-bit build with the
+following minor changes:
+
+  1.  Use the "x86 Native Tools Command Prompt" instead of
+      "x64 Native Tools Command Prompt".  "**x86**" instead of "**x64**".
+
+  2.  Use a different installation directory for TCL.
+      The recommended directory is `c:\tcl32`.  Thus you end up
+      with two TCL builds:
+      <ul>
+      <li> `c:\tcl` &larr;  64-bit (the default)
+      <li> `c:\tcl32` &larr;  32-bit
+      </ul>
+
+  3.  Ensure that `c:\tcl32\bin` comes before `c:\tcl\bin` on
+      your PATH environment variable.  You can achieve this using
+      a command like:
+      <ul>
+      <li>  `set PATH=c:\tcl32\bin;%PATH%`
+      </ul>
+
+## Statically Linking The TCL Library
+
+Some utility programs associated with SQLite need to be linked
+with TCL in order to function.  The [sqlite3_analyzer.exe program](https://sqlite.org/sqlanalyze.html)
+is an example.  You can build as described above, and then
+enter:
+
+> ~~~~
+nmake /f Makefile.msc sqlite3_analyzer.exe
+~~~~
+
+And you will end up with a working executable.  However, that executable
+will depend on having the "tcl86.dll" library somewhere on your %PATH%.
+Use the following steps to build an executable that has the TCL library
+statically linked so that it does not depend on separate DLL:
+
+  1.  Use the appropriate "Command Prompt" window - either x86 or
+      x64, depending on whether you want a 32-bit or 64-bit executable.
+
+  2.  Untar the TCL source tarball into a fresh directory.  CD into
+      the "win/" subfolder.
+
+  3.  Run: `nmake /f makefile.vc OPTS=nothreads,static shell`
+
+
+  4.  CD into the "Release*" subfolder that is created (note the
+      wildcard - the full name of the directory might vary).  There
+      you will find the "tcl86s.lib" file.  Copy this file into the
+      same directory that you put the "tcl86.lib" on your initial
+      installation.  (In this document, that directory is
+      "`C:\Tcl32\lib`" for 32-bit builds and
+      "`C:\Tcl\lib`" for 64-bit builds.)
+
+  5.  CD into your SQLite source code directory and build the desired
+      utility program, but add the following extra arguments to the
+      nmake command line:
+      <blockquote><pre>
+      CCOPTS="-DSTATIC_BUILD" LIBTCL="tcl86s.lib netapi32.lib user32.lib"
+      </pre></blockquote>
+      <p>So, for example, to build a statically linked version of
+      sqlite3_analyzer.exe, you might type:
+      <blockquote><pre>
+      nmake /f Makefile.msc CCOPTS="-DSTATIC_BUILD" LIBTCL="tcl86s.lib netapi32.lib user32.lib" sqlite3_analyzer.exe
+      </pre></blockquote>
+
+  6.  After your executable is built, you can verify that it does not
+      depend on the TCL DLL by running:
+      <blockquote><pre>
+      dumpbin /dependents sqlite3_analyzer.exe
+      </pre></blockquote>
diff --git a/sqlite/doc/lemon.html b/sqlite/doc/lemon.html
index 16aea878..66665f46 100644
--- a/sqlite/doc/lemon.html
+++ b/sqlite/doc/lemon.html
@@ -1229,8 +1229,8 @@ <h2>6.0 History of Lemon</h2>
 
 <p>Lemon was originally written by Richard Hipp sometime in the late
 1980s on a Sun4 Workstation using K&amp;R C.  
-There was a companion LL(1) parser generator program named "Lime", the
-source code to which as been lost.</p>
+There was a companion LL(1) parser generator program named "Lime".
+The Lime source code has been lost.</p>
 
 <p>The lemon.c source file was originally many separate files that were
 compiled together to generate the "lemon" executable.  Sometime in the
diff --git a/sqlite/doc/testrunner.md b/sqlite/doc/testrunner.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d828fd76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/doc/testrunner.md
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+
+
+# The testrunner.tcl Script
+
+# 1. Overview
+
+testrunner.tcl is a Tcl script used to run multiple SQLite tests using 
+multiple jobs. It supports the following types of tests:
+
+  *  Tcl test scripts.
+
+  *  Tests run with [make] commands. Specifically, at time of writing, 
+     [make fuzztest], [make mptest], [make sourcetest] and [make threadtest].
+
+testrunner.tcl pipes the output of all tests and builds run into log file
+**testrunner.log**, created in the cwd directory. Searching this file for
+"failed" is a good way to find the output of a failed test.
+
+testrunner.tcl also populates SQLite database **testrunner.db**. This database
+contains details of all tests run, running and to be run. A useful query
+might be:
+
+```
+  SELECT * FROM script WHERE state='failed'
+```
+
+Running the command:
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $(TESTDIR)/testrunner.tcl status
+```
+
+in the directory containing the testrunner.db database runs various queries
+to produce a succinct report on the state of a running testrunner.tcl script.
+Running:
+
+```
+  watch ./testfixture $(TESTDIR)/testrunner.tcl status
+```
+
+in another terminal is a good way to keep an eye on a long running test.
+
+Sometimes testrunner.tcl uses the [testfixture] binary that it is run with
+to run tests (see "Binary Tests" below). Sometimes it builds testfixture and
+other binaries in specific configurations to test (see "Source Tests").
+
+# 2. Binary Tests
+
+The commands described in this section all run various combinations of the Tcl
+test scripts using the [testfixture] binary used to run the testrunner.tcl
+script (i.e. they do not invoke the compiler to build new binaries, or the
+[make] command to run tests that are not Tcl scripts). The procedure to run
+these tests is therefore:
+
+  1. Build the "testfixture" (or "testfixture.exe" for windows) binary using
+     whatever method seems convenient.
+
+  2. Test the binary built in step 1 by running testrunner.tcl with it, 
+     perhaps with various options.
+
+The following sub-sections describe the various options that can be
+passed to testrunner.tcl to test binary testfixture builds.
+
+## 2.1. Organization of Tcl Tests
+
+Tcl tests are stored in files that match the pattern *\*.test*. They are
+found in both the $TOP/test/ directory, and in the various sub-directories
+of the $TOP/ext/ directory of the source tree. Not all *\*.test* files
+contain Tcl tests - a handful are Tcl scripts designed to invoke other
+*\*.test* files.
+
+The **veryquick** set of tests is a subset of all Tcl test scripts in the
+source tree. In includes most tests, but excludes some that are very slow.
+Almost all fault-injection tests (those that test the response of the library
+to OOM or IO errors) are excluded. It is defined in source file 
+*test/permutations.test*.
+
+The **full** set of tests includes all Tcl test scripts in the source tree.
+To run a "full" test is to run all Tcl test scripts that can be found in the
+source tree.
+
+File *permutations.test* defines various test "permutations". A permutation
+consists of:
+
+  *  A subset of Tcl test scripts, and 
+
+  *  Runtime configuration to apply before running each test script 
+     (e.g. enabling auto-vacuum, or disable lookaside).
+
+Running **all** tests is to run all tests in the full test set, plus a dozen
+or so permutations. The specific permutations that are run as part of "all"
+are defined in file *testrunner_data.tcl*.
+
+## 2.2. Commands to Run Tests
+
+To run the "veryquick" test set, use either of the following:
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl veryquick
+```
+
+To run the "full" test suite:
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl full
+```
+
+To run the subset of the "full" test suite for which the test file name matches
+a specified pattern (e.g. all tests that start with "fts5"), either of:
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl fts5%
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl 'fts5*'
+```
+
+To run "all" tests (full + permutations):
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl all
+```
+
+<a name=binary_test_failures></a>
+## 2.3. Investigating Binary Test Failures
+
+If a test fails, testrunner.tcl reports name of the Tcl test script and, if
+applicable, the name of the permutation, to stdout. This information can also
+be retrieved from either *testrunner.log* or *testrunner.db*.
+
+If there is no permutation, the individual test script may be run with:
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $PATH_TO_SCRIPT
+```
+
+Or, if the failure occured as part of a permutation:
+
+```
+  ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl $PERMUTATION $PATH_TO_SCRIPT
+```
+
+TODO: An example instead of "$PERMUTATION" and $PATH\_TO\_SCRIPT?
+
+# 3. Source Code Tests
+
+The commands described in this section invoke the C compiler to build 
+binaries from the source tree, then use those binaries to run Tcl and
+other tests. The advantages of this are that:
+
+  *  it is possible to test multiple build configurations with a single
+     command, and 
+
+  *  it ensures that tests are always run using binaries created with the
+     same set of compiler options.
+
+The testrunner.tcl commands described in this section may be run using
+either a *testfixture* (or testfixture.exe) build, or with any other Tcl
+shell that supports SQLite 3.31.1 or newer via "package require sqlite3".
+
+TODO: ./configure + Makefile.msc build systems.
+
+## Commands to Run SQLite Tests
+
+The **mdevtest** command is equivalent to running the veryquick tests and
+the [make fuzztest] target once for each of two --enable-all builds - one 
+with debugging enabled and one without:
+
+```
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl mdevtest
+```
+
+In other words, it is equivalent to running:
+
+```
+  $TOP/configure --enable-all --enable-debug
+  make fuzztest
+  make testfixture
+  ./testfixture $TOP/test/testrunner.tcl veryquick
+
+  # Then, after removing files created by the tests above:
+  $TOP/configure --enable-all OPTS="-O0"
+  make fuzztest
+  make testfixture
+  ./testfixture $TOP/test/testrunner.tcl veryquick
+```
+
+The **sdevtest** command is identical to the mdevtest command, except that the
+second of the two builds is a sanitizer build. Specifically, this means that
+OPTS="-fsanitize=address,undefined" is specified instead of OPTS="-O0":
+
+```
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl sdevtest
+```
+
+The **release** command runs lots of tests under lots of builds. It runs
+different combinations of builds and tests depending on whether it is run
+on Linux, Windows or OSX. Refer to *testrunner\_data.tcl* for the details
+of the specific tests run.
+
+```
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl release
+```
+
+## Running ZipVFS Tests
+
+testrunner.tcl can build a zipvfs-enabled testfixture and use it to run
+tests from the Zipvfs project with the following command:
+
+```
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl --zipvfs $PATH_TO_ZIPVFS
+```
+
+This can be combined with any of "mdevtest", "sdevtest" or "release" to
+test both SQLite and Zipvfs with a single command:
+
+```
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl --zipvfs $PATH_TO_ZIPVFS mdevtest
+```
+
+## Investigating Source Code Test Failures
+
+Investigating a test failure that occurs during source code testing is a
+two step process:
+
+  1. Recreating the build configuration in which the test failed, and
+
+  2. Re-running the actual test.
+
+To recreate a build configuration, use the testrunner.tcl **script** command
+to create a build script. A build script is a bash script on Linux or OSX, or
+a dos \*.bat file on windows. For example:
+
+```
+  # Create a script that recreates build configuration "Device-One" on 
+  # Linux or OSX:
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl script Device-One > make.sh 
+
+  # Create a script that recreates build configuration "Have-Not" on Windows:
+  tclsh $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl script Have-Not > make.bat 
+```
+
+The generated bash or \*.bat file script accepts a single argument - a makefile
+target to build. This may be used either to run a [make] command test directly,
+or else to build a testfixture (or testfixture.exe) binary with which to
+run a Tcl test script, as <a href=#binary_test_failures>described above</a>.
+
+
+
+# 4. Controlling CPU Core Utilization
+
+When running either binary or source code tests, testrunner.tcl reports the
+number of jobs it intends to use to stdout. e.g.
+
+```
+  $ ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl
+  splitting work across 16 jobs
+  ... more output ...
+```
+
+By default, testfixture.tcl attempts to set the number of jobs to the number 
+of real cores on the machine. This can be overridden using the "--jobs" (or -j)
+switch:
+
+```
+  $ ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl --jobs 8
+  splitting work across 8 jobs
+  ... more output ...
+```
+
+The number of jobs may also be changed while an instance of testrunner.tcl is
+running by exucuting the following command from the directory containing the
+testrunner.log and testrunner.db files:
+
+```
+  $ ./testfixture $TESTDIR/testrunner.tcl njob $NEW_NUMBER_OF_JOBS
+```
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/expert/expert1.test b/sqlite/ext/expert/expert1.test
index dee4eb9e..45333423 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/expert/expert1.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/expert/expert1.test
@@ -464,4 +464,23 @@ do_execsql_test 5.3 {
   t2 t2_idx_0001295b {100 20 5}
 }
 
+if 0 {
+do_test expert1-6.0 {
+  catchcmd :memory: {
+.expert
+select base64('');
+.expert
+select name from pragma_collation_list order by name collate uint;
+}
+} {0 {(no new indexes)
+
+SCAN CONSTANT ROW
+
+(no new indexes)
+
+SCAN pragma_collation_list VIRTUAL TABLE INDEX 0:
+USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY
+}}
+}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c b/sqlite/ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c
index c01feff5..33d62226 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION) */
 
 
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE 
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
 
 typedef sqlite3_int64 i64;
 typedef sqlite3_uint64 u64;
@@ -662,6 +662,7 @@ static int idxRegisterVtab(sqlite3expert *p){
     0,                            /* xRelease */
     0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
     0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0,                            /* xIntegrity */
   };
 
   return sqlite3_create_module(p->dbv, "expert", &expertModule, (void*)p);
@@ -1818,6 +1819,88 @@ static int idxPopulateStat1(sqlite3expert *p, char **pzErr){
   return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** Define and possibly pretend to use a useless collation sequence.
+** This pretense allows expert to accept SQL using custom collations.
+*/
+int dummyCompare(void *up1, int up2, const void *up3, int up4, const void *up5){
+  (void)up1;
+  (void)up2;
+  (void)up3;
+  (void)up4;
+  (void)up5;
+  assert(0); /* VDBE should never be run. */
+  return 0;
+}
+/* And a callback to register above upon actual need */
+void useDummyCS(void *up1, sqlite3 *db, int etr, const char *zName){
+  (void)up1;
+  sqlite3_create_collation_v2(db, zName, etr, 0, dummyCompare, 0);
+}
+
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) \
+  && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
+/*
+** dummy functions for no-op implementation of UDFs during expert's work
+*/
+void dummyUDF(sqlite3_context *up1, int up2, sqlite3_value **up3){
+  (void)up1;
+  (void)up2;
+  (void)up3;
+  assert(0); /* VDBE should never be run. */
+}
+void dummyUDFvalue(sqlite3_context *up1){
+  (void)up1;
+  assert(0); /* VDBE should never be run. */
+}
+
+/*
+** Register UDFs from user database with another.
+*/
+int registerUDFs(sqlite3 *dbSrc, sqlite3 *dbDst){
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+  int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(dbSrc,
+            "SELECT name,type,enc,narg,flags "
+            "FROM pragma_function_list() "
+            "WHERE builtin==0", -1, &pStmt, 0);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    while( SQLITE_ROW==(rc = sqlite3_step(pStmt)) ){
+      int nargs = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,3);
+      int flags = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt,4);
+      const char *name = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,0);
+      const char *type = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,1);
+      const char *enc = (char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2);
+      if( name==0 || type==0 || enc==0 ){
+        /* no-op.  Only happens on OOM */
+      }else{
+        int ienc = SQLITE_UTF8;
+        int rcf = SQLITE_ERROR;
+        if( strcmp(enc,"utf16le")==0 ) ienc = SQLITE_UTF16LE;
+        else if( strcmp(enc,"utf16be")==0 ) ienc = SQLITE_UTF16BE;
+        ienc |= (flags & (SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC|SQLITE_DIRECTONLY));
+        if( strcmp(type,"w")==0 ){
+          rcf = sqlite3_create_window_function(dbDst,name,nargs,ienc,0,
+                                               dummyUDF,dummyUDFvalue,0,0,0);
+        }else if( strcmp(type,"a")==0 ){
+          rcf = sqlite3_create_function(dbDst,name,nargs,ienc,0,
+                                        0,dummyUDF,dummyUDFvalue);
+        }else if( strcmp(type,"s")==0 ){
+          rcf = sqlite3_create_function(dbDst,name,nargs,ienc,0,
+                                        dummyUDF,0,0);
+        }
+        if( rcf!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          rc = rcf;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
 ** Allocate a new sqlite3expert object.
 */
@@ -1844,7 +1927,21 @@ sqlite3expert *sqlite3_expert_new(sqlite3 *db, char **pzErrmsg){
       sqlite3_db_config(pNew->dbm, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, 1, (int*)0);
     }
   }
-  
+
+  /* Allow custom collations to be dealt with through prepare. */
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(pNew->dbm,0,useDummyCS);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(pNew->dbv,0,useDummyCS);
+
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS) \
+  && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_INTROSPECTION_PRAGMAS)
+  /* Register UDFs from database [db] with [dbm] and [dbv]. */
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = registerUDFs(pNew->db, pNew->dbm);
+  }
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = registerUDFs(pNew->db, pNew->dbv);
+  }
+#endif
 
   /* Copy the entire schema of database [db] into [dbm]. */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -1920,6 +2017,10 @@ int sqlite3_expert_sql(
 
   while( rc==SQLITE_OK && zStmt && zStmt[0] ){
     sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+    /* Ensure that the provided statement compiles against user's DB. */
+    rc = idxPrepareStmt(p->db, &pStmt, pzErr, zStmt);
+    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+    sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
     rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(p->dbv, zStmt, -1, &pStmt, &zStmt);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       if( pStmt ){
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3.c b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3.c
index 43a9daf6..65852804 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3.c
@@ -640,6 +640,7 @@ static void fts3DeclareVtab(int *pRc, Fts3Table *p){
 
     zLanguageid = (p->zLanguageid ? p->zLanguageid : "__langid");
     sqlite3_vtab_config(p->db, SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT, 1);
+    sqlite3_vtab_config(p->db, SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS);
 
     /* Create a list of user columns for the virtual table */
     zCols = sqlite3_mprintf("%Q, ", p->azColumn[0]);
@@ -3889,6 +3890,8 @@ static int fts3RenameMethod(
     rc = sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsFlush(p);
   }
 
+  p->bIgnoreSavepoint = 1;
+
   if( p->zContentTbl==0 ){
     fts3DbExec(&rc, db,
       "ALTER TABLE %Q.'%q_content'  RENAME TO '%q_content';",
@@ -3916,6 +3919,8 @@ static int fts3RenameMethod(
     "ALTER TABLE %Q.'%q_segdir'   RENAME TO '%q_segdir';",
     p->zDb, p->zName, zName
   );
+
+  p->bIgnoreSavepoint = 0;
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -3926,12 +3931,28 @@ static int fts3RenameMethod(
 */
 static int fts3SavepointMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
-  UNUSED_PARAMETER(iSavepoint);
-  assert( ((Fts3Table *)pVtab)->inTransaction );
-  assert( ((Fts3Table *)pVtab)->mxSavepoint <= iSavepoint );
-  TESTONLY( ((Fts3Table *)pVtab)->mxSavepoint = iSavepoint );
-  if( ((Fts3Table *)pVtab)->bIgnoreSavepoint==0 ){
-    rc = fts3SyncMethod(pVtab);
+  Fts3Table *pTab = (Fts3Table*)pVtab;
+  assert( pTab->inTransaction );
+  assert( pTab->mxSavepoint<=iSavepoint );
+  TESTONLY( pTab->mxSavepoint = iSavepoint );
+
+  if( pTab->bIgnoreSavepoint==0 ){
+    if( fts3HashCount(&pTab->aIndex[0].hPending)>0 ){
+      char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO %Q.%Q(%Q) VALUES('flush')",
+          pTab->zDb, pTab->zName, pTab->zName
+          );
+      if( zSql ){
+        pTab->bIgnoreSavepoint = 1;
+        rc = sqlite3_exec(pTab->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+        pTab->bIgnoreSavepoint = 0;
+        sqlite3_free(zSql);
+      }else{
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }
+    }
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      pTab->iSavepoint = iSavepoint+1;
+    }
   }
   return rc;
 }
@@ -3942,12 +3963,11 @@ static int fts3SavepointMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
 ** This is a no-op.
 */
 static int fts3ReleaseMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
-  TESTONLY( Fts3Table *p = (Fts3Table*)pVtab );
-  UNUSED_PARAMETER(iSavepoint);
-  UNUSED_PARAMETER(pVtab);
-  assert( p->inTransaction );
-  assert( p->mxSavepoint >= iSavepoint );
-  TESTONLY( p->mxSavepoint = iSavepoint-1 );
+  Fts3Table *pTab = (Fts3Table*)pVtab;
+  assert( pTab->inTransaction );
+  assert( pTab->mxSavepoint >= iSavepoint );
+  TESTONLY( pTab->mxSavepoint = iSavepoint-1 );
+  pTab->iSavepoint = iSavepoint;
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -3957,11 +3977,13 @@ static int fts3ReleaseMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
 ** Discard the contents of the pending terms table.
 */
 static int fts3RollbackToMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
-  Fts3Table *p = (Fts3Table*)pVtab;
+  Fts3Table *pTab = (Fts3Table*)pVtab;
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(iSavepoint);
-  assert( p->inTransaction );
-  TESTONLY( p->mxSavepoint = iSavepoint );
-  sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsClear(p);
+  assert( pTab->inTransaction );
+  TESTONLY( pTab->mxSavepoint = iSavepoint );
+  if( (iSavepoint+1)<=pTab->iSavepoint ){
+    sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsClear(pTab);
+  }
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -3980,8 +4002,49 @@ static int fts3ShadowName(const char *zName){
   return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+** Implementation of the xIntegrity() method on the FTS3/FTS4 virtual
+** table.
+*/
+static int fts3Integrity(
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,      /* The virtual table to be checked */
+  const char *zSchema,      /* Name of schema in which pVtab lives */
+  const char *zTabname,     /* Name of the pVTab table */
+  int isQuick,              /* True if this is a quick_check */
+  char **pzErr              /* Write error message here */
+){
+  Fts3Table *p = (Fts3Table*)pVtab;
+  char *zSql;
+  int rc;
+  char *zErr = 0;
+
+  assert( pzErr!=0 );
+  assert( *pzErr==0 );
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(isQuick);
+  zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+            "INSERT INTO \"%w\".\"%w\"(\"%w\") VALUES('integrity-check');",
+            zSchema, zTabname, zTabname);
+  if( zSql==0 ){
+    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+  rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
+  sqlite3_free(zSql);
+  if( (rc&0xff)==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("malformed inverted index for FTS%d table %s.%s",
+                p->bFts4 ? 4 : 3, zSchema, zTabname);
+  }else if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("unable to validate the inverted index for"
+                             " FTS%d table %s.%s: %s",
+                p->bFts4 ? 4 : 3, zSchema, zTabname, zErr);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(zErr);
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+
+
 static const sqlite3_module fts3Module = {
-  /* iVersion      */ 3,
+  /* iVersion      */ 4,
   /* xCreate       */ fts3CreateMethod,
   /* xConnect      */ fts3ConnectMethod,
   /* xBestIndex    */ fts3BestIndexMethod,
@@ -4005,6 +4068,7 @@ static const sqlite3_module fts3Module = {
   /* xRelease      */ fts3ReleaseMethod,
   /* xRollbackTo   */ fts3RollbackToMethod,
   /* xShadowName   */ fts3ShadowName,
+  /* xIntegrity    */ fts3Integrity,
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3Int.h b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3Int.h
index 3a8a884f..5a5b123b 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3Int.h
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3Int.h
@@ -265,6 +265,7 @@ struct Fts3Table {
   int nPgsz;                      /* Page size for host database */
   char *zSegmentsTbl;             /* Name of %_segments table */
   sqlite3_blob *pSegments;        /* Blob handle open on %_segments table */
+  int iSavepoint;
 
   /* 
   ** The following array of hash tables is used to buffer pending index 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_aux.c b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_aux.c
index d3b194c9..439d5793 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_aux.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_aux.c
@@ -545,7 +545,8 @@ int sqlite3Fts3InitAux(sqlite3 *db){
      0,                           /* xSavepoint    */
      0,                           /* xRelease      */
      0,                           /* xRollbackTo   */
-     0                            /* xShadowName   */
+     0,                           /* xShadowName   */
+     0                            /* xIntegrity    */
   };
   int rc;                         /* Return code */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_term.c b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_term.c
index 47e244e2..f3a9746a 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_term.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_term.c
@@ -362,7 +362,8 @@ int sqlite3Fts3InitTerm(sqlite3 *db){
      0,                           /* xSavepoint    */
      0,                           /* xRelease      */
      0,                           /* xRollbackTo   */
-     0                            /* xShadowName   */
+     0,                           /* xShadowName   */
+     0                            /* xIntegrity    */
   };
   int rc;                         /* Return code */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_tokenize_vtab.c b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_tokenize_vtab.c
index 65d7eef4..7e8d09bd 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_tokenize_vtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_tokenize_vtab.c
@@ -445,7 +445,8 @@ int sqlite3Fts3InitTok(sqlite3 *db, Fts3Hash *pHash, void(*xDestroy)(void*)){
      0,                           /* xSavepoint    */
      0,                           /* xRelease      */
      0,                           /* xRollbackTo   */
-     0                            /* xShadowName   */
+     0,                           /* xShadowName   */
+     0                            /* xIntegrity    */
   };
   int rc;                         /* Return code */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_write.c b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_write.c
index 393f8a87..0f894943 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_write.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts3/fts3_write.c
@@ -3325,7 +3325,6 @@ int sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsFlush(Fts3Table *p){
     rc = fts3SegmentMerge(p, p->iPrevLangid, i, FTS3_SEGCURSOR_PENDING);
     if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsClear(p);
 
   /* Determine the auto-incr-merge setting if unknown.  If enabled,
   ** estimate the number of leaf blocks of content to be written
@@ -3347,6 +3346,10 @@ int sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsFlush(Fts3Table *p){
       rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
     }
   }
+
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsClear(p);
+  }
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -3978,6 +3981,8 @@ static int fts3AppendToNode(
 
   blobGrowBuffer(pPrev, nTerm, &rc);
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
+  assert( pPrev!=0 );
+  assert( pPrev->a!=0 );
 
   nPrefix = fts3PrefixCompress(pPrev->a, pPrev->n, zTerm, nTerm);
   nSuffix = nTerm - nPrefix;
@@ -4034,9 +4039,13 @@ static int fts3IncrmergeAppend(
   nSpace += sqlite3Fts3VarintLen(nDoclist) + nDoclist;
 
   /* If the current block is not empty, and if adding this term/doclist
-  ** to the current block would make it larger than Fts3Table.nNodeSize
-  ** bytes, write this block out to the database. */
-  if( pLeaf->block.n>0 && (pLeaf->block.n + nSpace)>p->nNodeSize ){
+  ** to the current block would make it larger than Fts3Table.nNodeSize bytes,
+  ** and if there is still room for another leaf page, write this block out to
+  ** the database. */
+  if( pLeaf->block.n>0 
+   && (pLeaf->block.n + nSpace)>p->nNodeSize 
+   && pLeaf->iBlock < (pWriter->iStart + pWriter->nLeafEst)
+  ){
     rc = fts3WriteSegment(p, pLeaf->iBlock, pLeaf->block.a, pLeaf->block.n);
     pWriter->nWork++;
 
@@ -4347,6 +4356,7 @@ static int fts3IncrmergeLoad(
 
       for(i=nHeight; i>=0 && rc==SQLITE_OK; i--){
         NodeReader reader;
+        memset(&reader, 0, sizeof(reader));
         pNode = &pWriter->aNodeWriter[i];
 
         if( pNode->block.a){
@@ -4367,7 +4377,7 @@ static int fts3IncrmergeLoad(
               rc = sqlite3Fts3ReadBlock(p, reader.iChild, &aBlock, &nBlock,0);
               blobGrowBuffer(&pNode->block, 
                   MAX(nBlock, p->nNodeSize)+FTS3_NODE_PADDING, &rc
-                  );
+              );
               if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
                 memcpy(pNode->block.a, aBlock, nBlock);
                 pNode->block.n = nBlock;
@@ -5217,7 +5227,7 @@ static u64 fts3ChecksumIndex(
   int rc;
   u64 cksum = 0;
 
-  assert( *pRc==SQLITE_OK );
+  if( *pRc ) return 0;
 
   memset(&filter, 0, sizeof(filter));
   memset(&csr, 0, sizeof(csr));
@@ -5432,8 +5442,11 @@ static int fts3SpecialInsert(Fts3Table *p, sqlite3_value *pVal){
     rc = fts3DoIncrmerge(p, &zVal[6]);
   }else if( nVal>10 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp(zVal, "automerge=", 10) ){
     rc = fts3DoAutoincrmerge(p, &zVal[10]);
+  }else if( nVal==5 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp(zVal, "flush", 5) ){
+    rc = sqlite3Fts3PendingTermsFlush(p);
+  }
 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST)
-  }else{
+  else{
     int v;
     if( nVal>9 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp(zVal, "nodesize=", 9) ){
       v = atoi(&zVal[9]);
@@ -5451,8 +5464,8 @@ static int fts3SpecialInsert(Fts3Table *p, sqlite3_value *pVal){
       if( v>=4 && v<=FTS3_MERGE_COUNT && (v&1)==0 ) p->nMergeCount = v;
       rc = SQLITE_OK;
     }
-#endif
   }
+#endif
   return rc;
 }
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5.h b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5.h
index 081e534f..323d73a2 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5.h
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5.h
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ struct Fts5PhraseIter {
 **   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
 */
 struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
-  int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
+  int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
 
   void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
 
@@ -492,8 +492,8 @@ struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
 **   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
 **
 **   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
-**   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
-**   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
+**   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (3)) or query
+**   text (method (2)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
 **   inefficient.
 */
 typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ struct fts5_api {
   int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
     fts5_api *pApi,
     const char *zName,
-    void *pContext,
+    void *pUserData,
     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
   );
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ struct fts5_api {
   int (*xFindTokenizer)(
     fts5_api *pApi,
     const char *zName,
-    void **ppContext,
+    void **ppUserData,
     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
   );
 
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ struct fts5_api {
   int (*xCreateFunction)(
     fts5_api *pApi,
     const char *zName,
-    void *pContext,
+    void *pUserData,
     fts5_extension_function xFunction,
     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
   );
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5Int.h b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5Int.h
index 5d05da87..8bbafbaa 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5Int.h
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5Int.h
@@ -154,6 +154,10 @@ typedef struct Fts5Config Fts5Config;
 **   attempt to merge together. A value of 1 sets the object to use the 
 **   compile time default. Zero disables auto-merge altogether.
 **
+** bContentlessDelete:
+**   True if the contentless_delete option was present in the CREATE 
+**   VIRTUAL TABLE statement.
+**
 ** zContent:
 **
 ** zContentRowid:
@@ -188,6 +192,7 @@ struct Fts5Config {
   int nPrefix;                    /* Number of prefix indexes */
   int *aPrefix;                   /* Sizes in bytes of nPrefix prefix indexes */
   int eContent;                   /* An FTS5_CONTENT value */
+  int bContentlessDelete;         /* "contentless_delete=" option (dflt==0) */
   char *zContent;                 /* content table */ 
   char *zContentRowid;            /* "content_rowid=" option value */ 
   int bColumnsize;                /* "columnsize=" option value (dflt==1) */
@@ -209,6 +214,7 @@ struct Fts5Config {
   char *zRank;                    /* Name of rank function */
   char *zRankArgs;                /* Arguments to rank function */
   int bSecureDelete;              /* 'secure-delete' */
+  int nDeleteMerge;           /* 'deletemerge' */
 
   /* If non-NULL, points to sqlite3_vtab.base.zErrmsg. Often NULL. */
   char **pzErrmsg;
@@ -531,6 +537,9 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexReset(Fts5Index *p);
 
 int sqlite3Fts5IndexLoadConfig(Fts5Index *p);
 
+int sqlite3Fts5IndexGetOrigin(Fts5Index *p, i64 *piOrigin);
+int sqlite3Fts5IndexContentlessDelete(Fts5Index *p, i64 iOrigin, i64 iRowid);
+
 /*
 ** End of interface to code in fts5_index.c.
 **************************************************************************/
@@ -615,6 +624,11 @@ int sqlite3Fts5HashWrite(
 */
 void sqlite3Fts5HashClear(Fts5Hash*);
 
+/*
+** Return true if the hash is empty, false otherwise.
+*/
+int sqlite3Fts5HashIsEmpty(Fts5Hash*);
+
 int sqlite3Fts5HashQuery(
   Fts5Hash*,                      /* Hash table to query */
   int nPre,
@@ -636,6 +650,7 @@ void sqlite3Fts5HashScanEntry(Fts5Hash *,
 );
 
 
+
 /*
 ** End of interface to code in fts5_hash.c.
 **************************************************************************/
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_aux.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_aux.c
index b178f473..fa58b9aa 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_aux.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_aux.c
@@ -110,15 +110,19 @@ static int fts5CInstIterInit(
 */
 typedef struct HighlightContext HighlightContext;
 struct HighlightContext {
-  CInstIter iter;                 /* Coalesced Instance Iterator */
-  int iPos;                       /* Current token offset in zIn[] */
+  /* Constant parameters to fts5HighlightCb() */
   int iRangeStart;                /* First token to include */
   int iRangeEnd;                  /* If non-zero, last token to include */
   const char *zOpen;              /* Opening highlight */
   const char *zClose;             /* Closing highlight */
   const char *zIn;                /* Input text */
   int nIn;                        /* Size of input text in bytes */
-  int iOff;                       /* Current offset within zIn[] */
+
+  /* Variables modified by fts5HighlightCb() */
+  CInstIter iter;                 /* Coalesced Instance Iterator */
+  int iPos;                       /* Current token offset in zIn[] */
+  int iOff;                       /* Have copied up to this offset in zIn[] */
+  int bOpen;                      /* True if highlight is open */
   char *zOut;                     /* Output value */
 };
 
@@ -151,8 +155,8 @@ static int fts5HighlightCb(
   int tflags,                     /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
   const char *pToken,             /* Buffer containing token */
   int nToken,                     /* Size of token in bytes */
-  int iStartOff,                  /* Start offset of token */
-  int iEndOff                     /* End offset of token */
+  int iStartOff,                  /* Start byte offset of token */
+  int iEndOff                     /* End byte offset of token */
 ){
   HighlightContext *p = (HighlightContext*)pContext;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
@@ -168,30 +172,47 @@ static int fts5HighlightCb(
     if( p->iRangeStart && iPos==p->iRangeStart ) p->iOff = iStartOff;
   }
 
-  if( iPos==p->iter.iStart ){
+  /* If the parenthesis is open, and this token is not part of the current
+  ** phrase, and the starting byte offset of this token is past the point
+  ** that has currently been copied into the output buffer, close the
+  ** parenthesis. */
+  if( p->bOpen 
+   && (iPos<=p->iter.iStart || p->iter.iStart<0)
+   && iStartOff>p->iOff 
+  ){
+    fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, p->zClose, -1);
+    p->bOpen = 0;
+  }
+
+  /* If this is the start of a new phrase, and the highlight is not open:
+  **
+  **   * copy text from the input up to the start of the phrase, and
+  **   * open the highlight.
+  */
+  if( iPos==p->iter.iStart && p->bOpen==0 ){
     fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, &p->zIn[p->iOff], iStartOff - p->iOff);
     fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, p->zOpen, -1);
     p->iOff = iStartOff;
+    p->bOpen = 1;
   }
 
   if( iPos==p->iter.iEnd ){
-    if( p->iRangeEnd>=0 && p->iter.iStart<p->iRangeStart ){
+    if( p->bOpen==0 ){
+      assert( p->iRangeEnd>=0 );
       fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, p->zOpen, -1);
+      p->bOpen = 1;
     }
     fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, &p->zIn[p->iOff], iEndOff - p->iOff);
-    fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, p->zClose, -1);
     p->iOff = iEndOff;
+
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       rc = fts5CInstIterNext(&p->iter);
     }
   }
 
-  if( p->iRangeEnd>=0 && iPos==p->iRangeEnd ){
+  if( iPos==p->iRangeEnd ){
     fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, &p->zIn[p->iOff], iEndOff - p->iOff);
     p->iOff = iEndOff;
-    if( iPos>=p->iter.iStart && iPos<p->iter.iEnd ){
-      fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, p, p->zClose, -1);
-    }
   }
 
   return rc;
@@ -232,6 +253,9 @@ static void fts5HighlightFunction(
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       rc = pApi->xTokenize(pFts, ctx.zIn, ctx.nIn, (void*)&ctx,fts5HighlightCb);
     }
+    if( ctx.bOpen ){
+      fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, &ctx, ctx.zClose, -1);
+    }
     fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, &ctx, &ctx.zIn[ctx.iOff], ctx.nIn - ctx.iOff);
 
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -510,6 +534,9 @@ static void fts5SnippetFunction(
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       rc = pApi->xTokenize(pFts, ctx.zIn, ctx.nIn, (void*)&ctx,fts5HighlightCb);
     }
+    if( ctx.bOpen ){
+      fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, &ctx, ctx.zClose, -1);
+    }
     if( ctx.iRangeEnd>=(nColSize-1) ){
       fts5HighlightAppend(&rc, &ctx, &ctx.zIn[ctx.iOff], ctx.nIn - ctx.iOff);
     }else{
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_config.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_config.c
index 7a4c7b81..5d077050 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_config.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_config.c
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #define FTS5_DEFAULT_CRISISMERGE   16
 #define FTS5_DEFAULT_HASHSIZE    (1024*1024)
 
+#define FTS5_DEFAULT_DELETE_AUTOMERGE 10      /* default 10% */
+
 /* Maximum allowed page size */
 #define FTS5_MAX_PAGE_SIZE (64*1024)
 
@@ -352,6 +354,16 @@ static int fts5ConfigParseSpecial(
     return rc;
   }
 
+  if( sqlite3_strnicmp("contentless_delete", zCmd, nCmd)==0 ){
+    if( (zArg[0]!='0' && zArg[0]!='1') || zArg[1]!='\0' ){
+      *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("malformed contentless_delete=... directive");
+      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+    }else{
+      pConfig->bContentlessDelete = (zArg[0]=='1');
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
   if( sqlite3_strnicmp("content_rowid", zCmd, nCmd)==0 ){
     if( pConfig->zContentRowid ){
       *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("multiple content_rowid=... directives");
@@ -596,6 +608,28 @@ int sqlite3Fts5ConfigParse(
     sqlite3_free(zTwo);
   }
 
+  /* We only allow contentless_delete=1 if the table is indeed contentless. */
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK 
+   && pRet->bContentlessDelete 
+   && pRet->eContent!=FTS5_CONTENT_NONE 
+  ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf(
+        "contentless_delete=1 requires a contentless table"
+    );
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  /* We only allow contentless_delete=1 if columnsize=0 is not present. 
+  **
+  ** This restriction may be removed at some point. 
+  */
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pRet->bContentlessDelete && pRet->bColumnsize==0 ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf(
+        "contentless_delete=1 is incompatible with columnsize=0"
+    );
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+
   /* If a tokenizer= option was successfully parsed, the tokenizer has
   ** already been allocated. Otherwise, allocate an instance of the default
   ** tokenizer (unicode61) now.  */
@@ -890,6 +924,18 @@ int sqlite3Fts5ConfigSetValue(
     }
   }
 
+  else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "deletemerge") ){
+    int nVal = -1;
+    if( SQLITE_INTEGER==sqlite3_value_numeric_type(pVal) ){
+      nVal = sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
+    }else{
+      *pbBadkey = 1;
+    }
+    if( nVal<0 ) nVal = FTS5_DEFAULT_DELETE_AUTOMERGE;
+    if( nVal>100 ) nVal = 0;
+    pConfig->nDeleteMerge = nVal;
+  }
+
   else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(zKey, "rank") ){
     const char *zIn = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pVal);
     char *zRank;
@@ -938,6 +984,7 @@ int sqlite3Fts5ConfigLoad(Fts5Config *pConfig, int iCookie){
   pConfig->nUsermerge = FTS5_DEFAULT_USERMERGE;
   pConfig->nCrisisMerge = FTS5_DEFAULT_CRISISMERGE;
   pConfig->nHashSize = FTS5_DEFAULT_HASHSIZE;
+  pConfig->nDeleteMerge = FTS5_DEFAULT_DELETE_AUTOMERGE;
 
   zSql = sqlite3Fts5Mprintf(&rc, zSelect, pConfig->zDb, pConfig->zName);
   if( zSql ){
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_expr.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_expr.c
index 0e018420..f5101ba0 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_expr.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_expr.c
@@ -2477,7 +2477,7 @@ Fts5ExprNode *sqlite3Fts5ParseImplicitAnd(
   return pRet;
 }
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 static char *fts5ExprTermPrint(Fts5ExprTerm *pTerm){
   sqlite3_int64 nByte = 0;
   Fts5ExprTerm *p;
@@ -2583,6 +2583,8 @@ static char *fts5ExprPrintTcl(
       if( zRet==0 ) return 0;
     }
 
+  }else if( pExpr->eType==0 ){
+    zRet = sqlite3_mprintf("{}");
   }else{
     char const *zOp = 0;
     int i;
@@ -2844,14 +2846,14 @@ static void fts5ExprFold(
     sqlite3_result_int(pCtx, sqlite3Fts5UnicodeFold(iCode, bRemoveDiacritics));
   }
 }
-#endif /* ifdef SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* if SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
 /*
 ** This is called during initialization to register the fts5_expr() scalar
 ** UDF with the SQLite handle passed as the only argument.
 */
 int sqlite3Fts5ExprInit(Fts5Global *pGlobal, sqlite3 *db){
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
   struct Fts5ExprFunc {
     const char *z;
     void (*x)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_hash.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_hash.c
index bc9244fc..7e50c366 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_hash.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_hash.c
@@ -475,7 +475,6 @@ static int fts5HashEntrySort(
     pList = fts5HashEntryMerge(pList, ap[i]);
   }
 
-  pHash->nEntry = 0;
   sqlite3_free(ap);
   *ppSorted = pList;
   return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -529,6 +528,28 @@ int sqlite3Fts5HashScanInit(
   return fts5HashEntrySort(p, pTerm, nTerm, &p->pScan);
 }
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+static int fts5HashCount(Fts5Hash *pHash){
+  int nEntry = 0;
+  int ii;
+  for(ii=0; ii<pHash->nSlot; ii++){
+    Fts5HashEntry *p = 0;
+    for(p=pHash->aSlot[ii]; p; p=p->pHashNext){
+      nEntry++;
+    }
+  }
+  return nEntry;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Return true if the hash table is empty, false otherwise.
+*/
+int sqlite3Fts5HashIsEmpty(Fts5Hash *pHash){
+  assert( pHash->nEntry==fts5HashCount(pHash) );
+  return pHash->nEntry==0;
+}
+
 void sqlite3Fts5HashScanNext(Fts5Hash *p){
   assert( !sqlite3Fts5HashScanEof(p) );
   p->pScan = p->pScan->pScanNext;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_index.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_index.c
index eaeeeff4..4e6afb28 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_index.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_index.c
@@ -56,6 +56,24 @@
 
 #define FTS5_MAX_LEVEL 64
 
+/*
+** There are two versions of the format used for the structure record:
+**
+**   1. the legacy format, that may be read by all fts5 versions, and
+**
+**   2. the V2 format, which is used by contentless_delete=1 databases.
+**
+** Both begin with a 4-byte "configuration cookie" value. Then, a legacy
+** format structure record contains a varint - the number of levels in
+** the structure. Whereas a V2 structure record contains the constant
+** 4 bytes [0xff 0x00 0x00 0x01]. This is unambiguous as the value of a
+** varint has to be at least 16256 to begin with "0xFF". And the default
+** maximum number of levels is 64. 
+**
+** See below for more on structure record formats.
+*/
+#define FTS5_STRUCTURE_V2 "\xFF\x00\x00\x01"
+
 /*
 ** Details:
 **
@@ -63,7 +81,7 @@
 **
 **     CREATE TABLE %_data(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, block BLOB);
 **
-** , contains the following 5 types of records. See the comments surrounding
+** , contains the following 6 types of records. See the comments surrounding
 ** the FTS5_*_ROWID macros below for a description of how %_data rowids are 
 ** assigned to each fo them.
 **
@@ -71,13 +89,13 @@
 **
 **   The set of segments that make up an index - the index structure - are
 **   recorded in a single record within the %_data table. The record consists
-**   of a single 32-bit configuration cookie value followed by a list of 
-**   SQLite varints. If the FTS table features more than one index (because
-**   there are one or more prefix indexes), it is guaranteed that all share
-**   the same cookie value.
+**   of a single 32-bit configuration cookie value followed by a list of
+**   SQLite varints. 
 **
-**   Immediately following the configuration cookie, the record begins with
-**   three varints:
+**   If the structure record is a V2 record, the configuration cookie is 
+**   followed by the following 4 bytes: [0xFF 0x00 0x00 0x01]. 
+**
+**   Next, the record continues with three varints:
 **
 **     + number of levels,
 **     + total number of segments on all levels,
@@ -92,6 +110,12 @@
 **         + first leaf page number (often 1, always greater than 0)
 **         + final leaf page number
 **
+**      Then, for V2 structures only:
+**
+**         + lower origin counter value,
+**         + upper origin counter value,
+**         + the number of tombstone hash pages.
+**
 ** 2. The Averages Record:
 **
 **   A single record within the %_data table. The data is a list of varints.
@@ -207,6 +231,38 @@
 **     * A list of delta-encoded varints - the first rowid on each subsequent
 **       child page. 
 **
+** 6. Tombstone Hash Page
+**
+**   These records are only ever present in contentless_delete=1 tables. 
+**   There are zero or more of these associated with each segment. They
+**   are used to store the tombstone rowids for rows contained in the
+**   associated segments.
+**
+**   The set of nHashPg tombstone hash pages associated with a single 
+**   segment together form a single hash table containing tombstone rowids.
+**   To find the page of the hash on which a key might be stored:
+**
+**       iPg = (rowid % nHashPg)
+**
+**   Then, within page iPg, which has nSlot slots:
+**
+**       iSlot = (rowid / nHashPg) % nSlot
+**
+**   Each tombstone hash page begins with an 8 byte header: 
+**
+**     1-byte:  Key-size (the size in bytes of each slot). Either 4 or 8.
+**     1-byte:  rowid-0-tombstone flag. This flag is only valid on the 
+**              first tombstone hash page for each segment (iPg=0). If set,
+**              the hash table contains rowid 0. If clear, it does not.
+**              Rowid 0 is handled specially.
+**     2-bytes: unused.
+**     4-bytes: Big-endian integer containing number of entries on page.
+**
+**   Following this are nSlot 4 or 8 byte slots (depending on the key-size
+**   in the first byte of the page header). The number of slots may be
+**   determined based on the size of the page record and the key-size:
+**
+**     nSlot = (nByte - 8) / key-size
 */
 
 /*
@@ -240,6 +296,7 @@
 
 #define FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(segid, pgno)       fts5_dri(segid, 0, 0, pgno)
 #define FTS5_DLIDX_ROWID(segid, height, pgno) fts5_dri(segid, 1, height, pgno)
+#define FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(segid,ipg)       fts5_dri(segid+(1<<16), 0, 0, ipg)
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
 int sqlite3Fts5Corrupt() { return SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB; }
@@ -275,6 +332,12 @@ struct Fts5Data {
 
 /*
 ** One object per %_data table.
+**
+** nContentlessDelete:
+**   The number of contentless delete operations since the most recent
+**   call to fts5IndexFlush() or fts5IndexDiscardData(). This is tracked
+**   so that extra auto-merge work can be done by fts5IndexFlush() to
+**   account for the delete operations.
 */
 struct Fts5Index {
   Fts5Config *pConfig;            /* Virtual table configuration */
@@ -289,6 +352,8 @@ struct Fts5Index {
   int nPendingData;               /* Current bytes of pending data */
   i64 iWriteRowid;                /* Rowid for current doc being written */
   int bDelete;                    /* Current write is a delete */
+  int nContentlessDelete;         /* Number of contentless delete ops */
+  int nPendingRow;                /* Number of INSERT in hash table */
 
   /* Error state. */
   int rc;                         /* Current error code */
@@ -323,11 +388,23 @@ struct Fts5DoclistIter {
 ** The contents of the "structure" record for each index are represented
 ** using an Fts5Structure record in memory. Which uses instances of the 
 ** other Fts5StructureXXX types as components.
+**
+** nOriginCntr:
+**   This value is set to non-zero for structure records created for
+**   contentlessdelete=1 tables only. In that case it represents the
+**   origin value to apply to the next top-level segment created.
 */
 struct Fts5StructureSegment {
   int iSegid;                     /* Segment id */
   int pgnoFirst;                  /* First leaf page number in segment */
   int pgnoLast;                   /* Last leaf page number in segment */
+
+  /* contentlessdelete=1 tables only: */
+  u64 iOrigin1;
+  u64 iOrigin2;
+  int nPgTombstone;               /* Number of tombstone hash table pages */
+  u64 nEntryTombstone;            /* Number of tombstone entries that "count" */
+  u64 nEntry;                     /* Number of rows in this segment */
 };
 struct Fts5StructureLevel {
   int nMerge;                     /* Number of segments in incr-merge */
@@ -337,6 +414,7 @@ struct Fts5StructureLevel {
 struct Fts5Structure {
   int nRef;                       /* Object reference count */
   u64 nWriteCounter;              /* Total leaves written to level 0 */
+  u64 nOriginCntr;                /* Origin value for next top-level segment */
   int nSegment;                   /* Total segments in this structure */
   int nLevel;                     /* Number of levels in this index */
   Fts5StructureLevel aLevel[1];   /* Array of nLevel level objects */
@@ -425,6 +503,13 @@ struct Fts5CResult {
 **
 ** iTermIdx:
 **     Index of current term on iTermLeafPgno.
+**
+** apTombstone/nTombstone:
+**     These are used for contentless_delete=1 tables only. When the cursor
+**     is first allocated, the apTombstone[] array is allocated so that it
+**     is large enough for all tombstones hash pages associated with the
+**     segment. The pages themselves are loaded lazily from the database as
+**     they are required.
 */
 struct Fts5SegIter {
   Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg;     /* Segment to iterate through */
@@ -433,6 +518,8 @@ struct Fts5SegIter {
   Fts5Data *pLeaf;                /* Current leaf data */
   Fts5Data *pNextLeaf;            /* Leaf page (iLeafPgno+1) */
   i64 iLeafOffset;                /* Byte offset within current leaf */
+  Fts5Data **apTombstone;         /* Array of tombstone pages */
+  int nTombstone;
 
   /* Next method */
   void (*xNext)(Fts5Index*, Fts5SegIter*, int*);
@@ -562,6 +649,60 @@ static u16 fts5GetU16(const u8 *aIn){
   return ((u16)aIn[0] << 8) + aIn[1];
 } 
 
+/*
+** The only argument points to a buffer at least 8 bytes in size. This
+** function interprets the first 8 bytes of the buffer as a 64-bit big-endian
+** unsigned integer and returns the result.
+*/
+static u64 fts5GetU64(u8 *a){
+  return ((u64)a[0] << 56)
+       + ((u64)a[1] << 48)
+       + ((u64)a[2] << 40)
+       + ((u64)a[3] << 32)
+       + ((u64)a[4] << 24)
+       + ((u64)a[5] << 16)
+       + ((u64)a[6] << 8)
+       + ((u64)a[7] << 0);
+}
+
+/*
+** The only argument points to a buffer at least 4 bytes in size. This
+** function interprets the first 4 bytes of the buffer as a 32-bit big-endian
+** unsigned integer and returns the result.
+*/
+static u32 fts5GetU32(const u8 *a){
+  return ((u32)a[0] << 24)
+       + ((u32)a[1] << 16)
+       + ((u32)a[2] << 8)
+       + ((u32)a[3] << 0);
+} 
+
+/*
+** Write iVal, formated as a 64-bit big-endian unsigned integer, to the
+** buffer indicated by the first argument.
+*/
+static void fts5PutU64(u8 *a, u64 iVal){
+  a[0] = ((iVal >> 56) & 0xFF);
+  a[1] = ((iVal >> 48) & 0xFF);
+  a[2] = ((iVal >> 40) & 0xFF);
+  a[3] = ((iVal >> 32) & 0xFF);
+  a[4] = ((iVal >> 24) & 0xFF);
+  a[5] = ((iVal >> 16) & 0xFF);
+  a[6] = ((iVal >>  8) & 0xFF);
+  a[7] = ((iVal >>  0) & 0xFF);
+}
+
+/*
+** Write iVal, formated as a 32-bit big-endian unsigned integer, to the
+** buffer indicated by the first argument.
+*/
+static void fts5PutU32(u8 *a, u32 iVal){
+  a[0] = ((iVal >> 24) & 0xFF);
+  a[1] = ((iVal >> 16) & 0xFF);
+  a[2] = ((iVal >>  8) & 0xFF);
+  a[3] = ((iVal >>  0) & 0xFF);
+}
+
 /*
 ** Allocate and return a buffer at least nByte bytes in size.
 **
@@ -789,10 +930,17 @@ static void fts5DataDelete(Fts5Index *p, i64 iFirst, i64 iLast){
 /*
 ** Remove all records associated with segment iSegid.
 */
-static void fts5DataRemoveSegment(Fts5Index *p, int iSegid){
+static void fts5DataRemoveSegment(Fts5Index *p, Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg){
+  int iSegid = pSeg->iSegid;
   i64 iFirst = FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid, 0);
   i64 iLast = FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid+1, 0)-1;
   fts5DataDelete(p, iFirst, iLast);
+
+  if( pSeg->nPgTombstone ){
+    i64 iTomb1 = FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(iSegid, 0);
+    i64 iTomb2 = FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(iSegid, pSeg->nPgTombstone-1);
+    fts5DataDelete(p, iTomb1, iTomb2);
+  }
   if( p->pIdxDeleter==0 ){
     Fts5Config *pConfig = p->pConfig;
     fts5IndexPrepareStmt(p, &p->pIdxDeleter, sqlite3_mprintf(
@@ -903,11 +1051,19 @@ static int fts5StructureDecode(
   int nSegment = 0;
   sqlite3_int64 nByte;            /* Bytes of space to allocate at pRet */
   Fts5Structure *pRet = 0;        /* Structure object to return */
+  int bStructureV2 = 0;           /* True for FTS5_STRUCTURE_V2 */
+  u64 nOriginCntr = 0;            /* Largest origin value seen so far */
 
   /* Grab the cookie value */
   if( piCookie ) *piCookie = sqlite3Fts5Get32(pData);
   i = 4;
 
+  /* Check if this is a V2 structure record. Set bStructureV2 if it is. */
+  if( 0==memcmp(&pData[i], FTS5_STRUCTURE_V2, 4) ){
+    i += 4;
+    bStructureV2 = 1;
+  }
+
   /* Read the total number of levels and segments from the start of the
   ** structure record.  */
   i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], nLevel);
@@ -958,6 +1114,14 @@ static int fts5StructureDecode(
           i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], pSeg->iSegid);
           i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], pSeg->pgnoFirst);
           i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], pSeg->pgnoLast);
+          if( bStructureV2 ){
+            i += fts5GetVarint(&pData[i], &pSeg->iOrigin1);
+            i += fts5GetVarint(&pData[i], &pSeg->iOrigin2);
+            i += fts5GetVarint32(&pData[i], pSeg->nPgTombstone);
+            i += fts5GetVarint(&pData[i], &pSeg->nEntryTombstone);
+            i += fts5GetVarint(&pData[i], &pSeg->nEntry);
+            nOriginCntr = MAX(nOriginCntr, pSeg->iOrigin2);
+          }
           if( pSeg->pgnoLast<pSeg->pgnoFirst ){
             rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
             break;
@@ -968,6 +1132,9 @@ static int fts5StructureDecode(
       }
     }
     if( nSegment!=0 && rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
+    if( bStructureV2 ){
+      pRet->nOriginCntr = nOriginCntr+1;
+    }
 
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
       fts5StructureRelease(pRet);
@@ -1180,6 +1347,7 @@ static void fts5StructureWrite(Fts5Index *p, Fts5Structure *pStruct){
     Fts5Buffer buf;               /* Buffer to serialize record into */
     int iLvl;                     /* Used to iterate through levels */
     int iCookie;                  /* Cookie value to store */
+    int nHdr = (pStruct->nOriginCntr>0 ? (4+4+9+9+9) : (4+9+9));
 
     assert( pStruct->nSegment==fts5StructureCountSegments(pStruct) );
     memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(Fts5Buffer));
@@ -1188,9 +1356,12 @@ static void fts5StructureWrite(Fts5Index *p, Fts5Structure *pStruct){
     iCookie = p->pConfig->iCookie;
     if( iCookie<0 ) iCookie = 0;
 
-    if( 0==sqlite3Fts5BufferSize(&p->rc, &buf, 4+9+9+9) ){
+    if( 0==sqlite3Fts5BufferSize(&p->rc, &buf, nHdr) ){
       sqlite3Fts5Put32(buf.p, iCookie);
       buf.n = 4;
+      if( pStruct->nOriginCntr>0 ){
+        fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(&buf, FTS5_STRUCTURE_V2, 4);
+      }
       fts5BufferSafeAppendVarint(&buf, pStruct->nLevel);
       fts5BufferSafeAppendVarint(&buf, pStruct->nSegment);
       fts5BufferSafeAppendVarint(&buf, (i64)pStruct->nWriteCounter);
@@ -1204,9 +1375,17 @@ static void fts5StructureWrite(Fts5Index *p, Fts5Structure *pStruct){
       assert( pLvl->nMerge<=pLvl->nSeg );
 
       for(iSeg=0; iSeg<pLvl->nSeg; iSeg++){
-        fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pLvl->aSeg[iSeg].iSegid);
-        fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pLvl->aSeg[iSeg].pgnoFirst);
-        fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pLvl->aSeg[iSeg].pgnoLast);
+        Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg = &pLvl->aSeg[iSeg];
+        fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->iSegid);
+        fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->pgnoFirst);
+        fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->pgnoLast);
+        if( pStruct->nOriginCntr>0 ){
+          fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->iOrigin1);
+          fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->iOrigin2);
+          fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->nPgTombstone);
+          fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->nEntryTombstone);
+          fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, &buf, pSeg->nEntry);
+        }
       }
     }
 
@@ -1729,6 +1908,23 @@ static void fts5SegIterSetNext(Fts5Index *p, Fts5SegIter *pIter){
   }
 }
 
+/*
+** Allocate a tombstone hash page array (pIter->apTombstone) for the 
+** iterator passed as the second argument. If an OOM error occurs, leave
+** an error in the Fts5Index object.
+*/
+static void fts5SegIterAllocTombstone(Fts5Index *p, Fts5SegIter *pIter){
+  const int nTomb = pIter->pSeg->nPgTombstone;
+  if( nTomb>0 ){
+    Fts5Data **apTomb = 0;
+    apTomb = (Fts5Data**)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, sizeof(Fts5Data)*nTomb);
+    if( apTomb ){
+      pIter->apTombstone = apTomb;
+      pIter->nTombstone = nTomb;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Initialize the iterator object pIter to iterate through the entries in
 ** segment pSeg. The iterator is left pointing to the first entry when 
@@ -1770,6 +1966,7 @@ static void fts5SegIterInit(
     pIter->iPgidxOff = pIter->pLeaf->szLeaf+1;
     fts5SegIterLoadTerm(p, pIter, 0);
     fts5SegIterLoadNPos(p, pIter);
+    fts5SegIterAllocTombstone(p, pIter);
   }
 }
 
@@ -2471,6 +2668,7 @@ static void fts5SegIterSeekInit(
   }
 
   fts5SegIterSetNext(p, pIter);
+  fts5SegIterAllocTombstone(p, pIter);
 
   /* Either:
   **
@@ -2551,6 +2749,20 @@ static void fts5SegIterHashInit(
   fts5SegIterSetNext(p, pIter);
 }
 
+/*
+** Array ap[] contains n elements. Release each of these elements using
+** fts5DataRelease(). Then free the array itself using sqlite3_free().
+*/
+static void fts5IndexFreeArray(Fts5Data **ap, int n){
+  if( ap ){
+    int ii;
+    for(ii=0; ii<n; ii++){
+      fts5DataRelease(ap[ii]);
+    }
+    sqlite3_free(ap);
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Zero the iterator passed as the only argument.
 */
@@ -2558,6 +2770,7 @@ static void fts5SegIterClear(Fts5SegIter *pIter){
   fts5BufferFree(&pIter->term);
   fts5DataRelease(pIter->pLeaf);
   fts5DataRelease(pIter->pNextLeaf);
+  fts5IndexFreeArray(pIter->apTombstone, pIter->nTombstone);
   fts5DlidxIterFree(pIter->pDlidx);
   sqlite3_free(pIter->aRowidOffset);
   memset(pIter, 0, sizeof(Fts5SegIter));
@@ -2691,7 +2904,6 @@ static int fts5MultiIterDoCompare(Fts5Iter *pIter, int iOut){
       assert_nc( i2!=0 );
       pRes->bTermEq = 1;
       if( p1->iRowid==p2->iRowid ){
-        p1->bDel = p2->bDel;
         return i2;
       }
       res = ((p1->iRowid > p2->iRowid)==pIter->bRev) ? -1 : +1;
@@ -2895,6 +3107,84 @@ static void fts5MultiIterSetEof(Fts5Iter *pIter){
   pIter->iSwitchRowid = pSeg->iRowid;
 }
 
+/*
+** The argument to this macro must be an Fts5Data structure containing a
+** tombstone hash page. This macro returns the key-size of the hash-page.
+*/
+#define TOMBSTONE_KEYSIZE(pPg) (pPg->p[0]==4 ? 4 : 8)
+
+#define TOMBSTONE_NSLOT(pPg)   \
+  ((pPg->nn > 16) ? ((pPg->nn-8) / TOMBSTONE_KEYSIZE(pPg)) : 1)
+
+/*
+** Query a single tombstone hash table for rowid iRowid. Return true if
+** it is found or false otherwise. The tombstone hash table is one of
+** nHashTable tables.
+*/
+static int fts5IndexTombstoneQuery(
+  Fts5Data *pHash,                /* Hash table page to query */
+  int nHashTable,                 /* Number of pages attached to segment */
+  u64 iRowid                      /* Rowid to query hash for */
+){
+  const int szKey = TOMBSTONE_KEYSIZE(pHash);
+  const int nSlot = TOMBSTONE_NSLOT(pHash);
+  int iSlot = (iRowid / nHashTable) % nSlot;
+  int nCollide = nSlot;
+
+  if( iRowid==0 ){
+    return pHash->p[1];
+  }else if( szKey==4 ){
+    u32 *aSlot = (u32*)&pHash->p[8];
+    while( aSlot[iSlot] ){
+      if( fts5GetU32((u8*)&aSlot[iSlot])==iRowid ) return 1;
+      if( nCollide--==0 ) break;
+      iSlot = (iSlot+1)%nSlot;
+    }
+  }else{
+    u64 *aSlot = (u64*)&pHash->p[8];
+    while( aSlot[iSlot] ){
+      if( fts5GetU64((u8*)&aSlot[iSlot])==iRowid ) return 1;
+      if( nCollide--==0 ) break;
+      iSlot = (iSlot+1)%nSlot;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Return true if the iterator passed as the only argument points
+** to an segment entry for which there is a tombstone. Return false
+** if there is no tombstone or if the iterator is already at EOF.
+*/
+static int fts5MultiIterIsDeleted(Fts5Iter *pIter){
+  int iFirst = pIter->aFirst[1].iFirst;
+  Fts5SegIter *pSeg = &pIter->aSeg[iFirst];
+
+  if( pSeg->pLeaf && pSeg->nTombstone ){
+    /* Figure out which page the rowid might be present on. */
+    int iPg = ((u64)pSeg->iRowid) % pSeg->nTombstone;
+    assert( iPg>=0 );
+
+    /* If tombstone hash page iPg has not yet been loaded from the 
+    ** database, load it now. */
+    if( pSeg->apTombstone[iPg]==0 ){
+      pSeg->apTombstone[iPg] = fts5DataRead(pIter->pIndex,
+          FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(pSeg->pSeg->iSegid, iPg)
+      );
+      if( pSeg->apTombstone[iPg]==0 ) return 0;
+    }
+
+    return fts5IndexTombstoneQuery(
+        pSeg->apTombstone[iPg],
+        pSeg->nTombstone,
+        pSeg->iRowid
+    );
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Move the iterator to the next entry. 
 **
@@ -2932,7 +3222,9 @@ static void fts5MultiIterNext(
 
     fts5AssertMultiIterSetup(p, pIter);
     assert( pSeg==&pIter->aSeg[pIter->aFirst[1].iFirst] && pSeg->pLeaf );
-    if( pIter->bSkipEmpty==0 || pSeg->nPos ){
+    if( (pIter->bSkipEmpty==0 || pSeg->nPos) 
+      && 0==fts5MultiIterIsDeleted(pIter)
+    ){
       pIter->xSetOutputs(pIter, pSeg);
       return;
     }
@@ -2964,7 +3256,9 @@ static void fts5MultiIterNext2(
       }
       fts5AssertMultiIterSetup(p, pIter);
 
-    }while( fts5MultiIterIsEmpty(p, pIter) );
+    }while( (fts5MultiIterIsEmpty(p, pIter) || fts5MultiIterIsDeleted(pIter)) 
+         && (p->rc==SQLITE_OK)
+    );
   }
 }
 
@@ -2977,7 +3271,7 @@ static Fts5Iter *fts5MultiIterAlloc(
   int nSeg
 ){
   Fts5Iter *pNew;
-  int nSlot;                      /* Power of two >= nSeg */
+  i64 nSlot;                      /* Power of two >= nSeg */
 
   for(nSlot=2; nSlot<nSeg; nSlot=nSlot*2);
   pNew = fts5IdxMalloc(p, 
@@ -3519,7 +3813,9 @@ static void fts5MultiIterNew(
     fts5MultiIterSetEof(pNew);
     fts5AssertMultiIterSetup(p, pNew);
 
-    if( pNew->bSkipEmpty && fts5MultiIterIsEmpty(p, pNew) ){
+    if( (pNew->bSkipEmpty && fts5MultiIterIsEmpty(p, pNew))
+     || fts5MultiIterIsDeleted(pNew)
+    ){
       fts5MultiIterNext(p, pNew, 0, 0);
     }else if( pNew->base.bEof==0 ){
       Fts5SegIter *pSeg = &pNew->aSeg[pNew->aFirst[1].iFirst];
@@ -3697,7 +3993,9 @@ static void fts5IndexDiscardData(Fts5Index *p){
   if( p->pHash ){
     sqlite3Fts5HashClear(p->pHash);
     p->nPendingData = 0;
+    p->nPendingRow = 0;
   }
+  p->nContentlessDelete = 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4334,6 +4632,12 @@ static void fts5IndexMergeLevel(
 
     /* Read input from all segments in the input level */
     nInput = pLvl->nSeg;
+
+    /* Set the range of origins that will go into the output segment. */
+    if( pStruct->nOriginCntr>0 ){
+      pSeg->iOrigin1 = pLvl->aSeg[0].iOrigin1;
+      pSeg->iOrigin2 = pLvl->aSeg[pLvl->nSeg-1].iOrigin2;
+    }
   }
   bOldest = (pLvlOut->nSeg==1 && pStruct->nLevel==iLvl+2);
 
@@ -4393,8 +4697,11 @@ static void fts5IndexMergeLevel(
     int i;
 
     /* Remove the redundant segments from the %_data table */
+    assert( pSeg->nEntry==0 );
     for(i=0; i<nInput; i++){
-      fts5DataRemoveSegment(p, pLvl->aSeg[i].iSegid);
+      Fts5StructureSegment *pOld = &pLvl->aSeg[i];
+      pSeg->nEntry += (pOld->nEntry - pOld->nEntryTombstone);
+      fts5DataRemoveSegment(p, pOld);
     }
 
     /* Remove the redundant segments from the input level */
@@ -4420,6 +4727,43 @@ static void fts5IndexMergeLevel(
   if( pnRem ) *pnRem -= writer.nLeafWritten;
 }
 
+/*
+** If this is not a contentless_delete=1 table, or if the 'deletemerge'
+** configuration option is set to 0, then this function always returns -1.
+** Otherwise, it searches the structure object passed as the second argument
+** for a level suitable for merging due to having a large number of 
+** tombstones in the tombstone hash. If one is found, its index is returned.
+** Otherwise, if there is no suitable level, -1.
+*/
+static int fts5IndexFindDeleteMerge(Fts5Index *p, Fts5Structure *pStruct){
+  Fts5Config *pConfig = p->pConfig;
+  int iRet = -1;
+  if( pConfig->bContentlessDelete && pConfig->nDeleteMerge>0 ){
+    int ii;
+    int nBest = 0;
+
+    for(ii=0; ii<pStruct->nLevel; ii++){
+      Fts5StructureLevel *pLvl = &pStruct->aLevel[ii];
+      i64 nEntry = 0;
+      i64 nTomb = 0;
+      int iSeg;
+      for(iSeg=0; iSeg<pLvl->nSeg; iSeg++){
+        nEntry += pLvl->aSeg[iSeg].nEntry;
+        nTomb += pLvl->aSeg[iSeg].nEntryTombstone;
+      }
+      assert_nc( nEntry>0 || pLvl->nSeg==0 );
+      if( nEntry>0 ){
+        int nPercent = (nTomb * 100) / nEntry;
+        if( nPercent>=pConfig->nDeleteMerge && nPercent>nBest ){
+          iRet = ii;
+          nBest = nPercent;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return iRet;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Do up to nPg pages of automerge work on the index.
 **
@@ -4439,14 +4783,15 @@ static int fts5IndexMerge(
     int iBestLvl = 0;           /* Level offering the most input segments */
     int nBest = 0;              /* Number of input segments on best level */
 
-    /* Set iBestLvl to the level to read input segments from. */
+    /* Set iBestLvl to the level to read input segments from. Or to -1 if
+    ** there is no level suitable to merge segments from.  */
     assert( pStruct->nLevel>0 );
     for(iLvl=0; iLvl<pStruct->nLevel; iLvl++){
       Fts5StructureLevel *pLvl = &pStruct->aLevel[iLvl];
       if( pLvl->nMerge ){
         if( pLvl->nMerge>nBest ){
           iBestLvl = iLvl;
-          nBest = pLvl->nMerge;
+          nBest = nMin;
         }
         break;
       }
@@ -4455,22 +4800,18 @@ static int fts5IndexMerge(
         iBestLvl = iLvl;
       }
     }
-
-    /* If nBest is still 0, then the index must be empty. */
-#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-    for(iLvl=0; nBest==0 && iLvl<pStruct->nLevel; iLvl++){
-      assert( pStruct->aLevel[iLvl].nSeg==0 );
+    if( nBest<nMin ){
+      iBestLvl = fts5IndexFindDeleteMerge(p, pStruct);
     }
-#endif
 
-    if( nBest<nMin && pStruct->aLevel[iBestLvl].nMerge==0 ){
-      break;
-    }
+    if( iBestLvl<0 ) break;
     bRet = 1;
     fts5IndexMergeLevel(p, &pStruct, iBestLvl, &nRem);
     if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && pStruct->aLevel[iBestLvl].nMerge==0 ){
       fts5StructurePromote(p, iBestLvl+1, pStruct);
     }
+
+    if( nMin==1 ) nMin = 2;
   }
   *ppStruct = pStruct;
   return bRet;
@@ -4636,7 +4977,7 @@ static void fts5SecureDeleteOverflow(
       pLeaf = 0;
     }else if( bDetailNone ){
       break;
-    }else if( iNext>=pLeaf->szLeaf || iNext<4 ){
+    }else if( iNext>=pLeaf->szLeaf || pLeaf->nn<pLeaf->szLeaf || iNext<4 ){
       p->rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
       break;
     }else{
@@ -4655,9 +4996,13 @@ static void fts5SecureDeleteOverflow(
         int i1 = pLeaf->szLeaf;
         int i2 = 0;
 
+        i1 += fts5GetVarint32(&aPg[i1], iFirst);
+        if( iFirst<iNext ){
+          p->rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
+          break;
+        }
         aIdx = sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, (pLeaf->nn-pLeaf->szLeaf)+2);
         if( aIdx==0 ) break;
-        i1 += fts5GetVarint32(&aPg[i1], iFirst);
         i2 = sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(aIdx, iFirst-nShift);
         if( i1<pLeaf->nn ){
           memcpy(&aIdx[i2], &aPg[i1], pLeaf->nn-i1);
@@ -4702,7 +5047,6 @@ static void fts5DoSecureDelete(
   int iPgIdx = pSeg->pLeaf->szLeaf;
 
   u64 iDelta = 0;
-  u64 iNextDelta = 0;
   int iNextOff = 0;
   int iOff = 0;
   int nIdx = 0;
@@ -4710,8 +5054,6 @@ static void fts5DoSecureDelete(
   int bLastInDoclist = 0;
   int iIdx = 0;
   int iStart = 0;
-  int iKeyOff = 0;
-  int iPrevKeyOff = 0;
   int iDelKeyOff = 0;       /* Offset of deleted key, if any */
 
   nIdx = nPg-iPgIdx;
@@ -4736,10 +5078,21 @@ static void fts5DoSecureDelete(
   ** This block sets the following variables:
   **
   **   iStart:
+  **     The offset of the first byte of the rowid or delta-rowid
+  **     value for the doclist entry being removed.
+  **
   **   iDelta:
+  **     The value of the rowid or delta-rowid value for the doclist
+  **     entry being removed.
+  **
+  **   iNextOff:
+  **     The offset of the next entry following the position list
+  **     for the one being removed. If the position list for this
+  **     entry overflows onto the next leaf page, this value will be
+  **     greater than pLeaf->szLeaf.
   */
   {
-    int iSOP;
+    int iSOP;                     /* Start-Of-Position-list */
     if( pSeg->iLeafPgno==pSeg->iTermLeafPgno ){
       iStart = pSeg->iTermLeafOffset;
     }else{
@@ -4775,47 +5128,75 @@ static void fts5DoSecureDelete(
   }
 
   iOff = iStart;
-  if( iNextOff>=iPgIdx ){
-    int pgno = pSeg->iLeafPgno+1;
-    fts5SecureDeleteOverflow(p, pSeg->pSeg, pgno, &bLastInDoclist);
-    iNextOff = iPgIdx;
-  }else{
-    /* Set bLastInDoclist to true if the entry being removed is the last
-    ** in its doclist.  */
-    for(iIdx=0, iKeyOff=0; iIdx<nIdx; /* no-op */){
-      u32 iVal = 0;
-      iIdx += fts5GetVarint32(&aIdx[iIdx], iVal);
-      iKeyOff += iVal;
-      if( iKeyOff==iNextOff ){
-        bLastInDoclist = 1;
+
+  /* Set variable bLastInDoclist to true if this entry happens to be
+  ** the last rowid in the doclist for its term.  */
+  if( pSeg->bDel==0 ){
+    if( iNextOff>=iPgIdx ){
+      int pgno = pSeg->iLeafPgno+1;
+      fts5SecureDeleteOverflow(p, pSeg->pSeg, pgno, &bLastInDoclist);
+      iNextOff = iPgIdx;
+    }else{
+      /* Loop through the page-footer. If iNextOff (offset of the
+      ** entry following the one we are removing) is equal to the 
+      ** offset of a key on this page, then the entry is the last 
+      ** in its doclist.  */
+      int iKeyOff = 0;
+      for(iIdx=0; iIdx<nIdx; /* no-op */){
+        u32 iVal = 0;
+        iIdx += fts5GetVarint32(&aIdx[iIdx], iVal);
+        iKeyOff += iVal;
+        if( iKeyOff==iNextOff ){
+          bLastInDoclist = 1;
+        }
       }
     }
-  }
 
-  if( fts5GetU16(&aPg[0])==iStart && (bLastInDoclist||iNextOff==iPgIdx) ){
-    fts5PutU16(&aPg[0], 0);
+    /* If this is (a) the first rowid on a page and (b) is not followed by
+    ** another position list on the same page, set the "first-rowid" field
+    ** of the header to 0.  */
+    if( fts5GetU16(&aPg[0])==iStart && (bLastInDoclist || iNextOff==iPgIdx) ){
+      fts5PutU16(&aPg[0], 0);
+    }
   }
 
-  if( bLastInDoclist==0 ){
+  if( pSeg->bDel ){
+    iOff += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&aPg[iOff], iDelta);
+    aPg[iOff++] = 0x01;
+  }else if( bLastInDoclist==0 ){
     if( iNextOff!=iPgIdx ){
+      u64 iNextDelta = 0;
       iNextOff += fts5GetVarint(&aPg[iNextOff], &iNextDelta);
       iOff += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&aPg[iOff], iDelta + iNextDelta);
     }
   }else if( 
-      iStart==pSeg->iTermLeafOffset && pSeg->iLeafPgno==pSeg->iTermLeafPgno 
+      pSeg->iLeafPgno==pSeg->iTermLeafPgno 
+   && iStart==pSeg->iTermLeafOffset 
   ){
     /* The entry being removed was the only position list in its
     ** doclist. Therefore the term needs to be removed as well. */
     int iKey = 0;
-    for(iIdx=0, iKeyOff=0; iIdx<nIdx; iKey++){
+    int iKeyOff = 0;
+
+    /* Set iKeyOff to the offset of the term that will be removed - the
+    ** last offset in the footer that is not greater than iStart. */
+    for(iIdx=0; iIdx<nIdx; iKey++){
       u32 iVal = 0;
       iIdx += fts5GetVarint32(&aIdx[iIdx], iVal);
       if( (iKeyOff+iVal)>(u32)iStart ) break;
       iKeyOff += iVal;
     }
+    assert_nc( iKey>=1 );
 
+    /* Set iDelKeyOff to the value of the footer entry to remove from 
+    ** the page. */
     iDelKeyOff = iOff = iKeyOff;
+
     if( iNextOff!=iPgIdx ){
+      /* This is the only position-list associated with the term, and there
+      ** is another term following it on this page. So the subsequent term
+      ** needs to be moved to replace the term associated with the entry
+      ** being removed. */
       int nPrefix = 0;
       int nSuffix = 0;
       int nPrefix2 = 0;
@@ -4840,7 +5221,9 @@ static void fts5DoSecureDelete(
           iOff += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&aPg[iOff], nPrefix);
         }
         iOff += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&aPg[iOff], nSuffix);
-        if( nPrefix2>nPrefix ){
+        if( nPrefix2>pSeg->term.n ){
+          p->rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
+        }else if( nPrefix2>nPrefix ){
           memcpy(&aPg[iOff], &pSeg->term.p[nPrefix], nPrefix2-nPrefix);
           iOff += (nPrefix2-nPrefix);
         }
@@ -4850,80 +5233,88 @@ static void fts5DoSecureDelete(
       }
     }
   }else if( iStart==4 ){
-      int iPgno;
-
-      assert_nc( pSeg->iLeafPgno>pSeg->iTermLeafPgno );
-      /* The entry being removed may be the only position list in
-      ** its doclist. */
-      for(iPgno=pSeg->iLeafPgno-1; iPgno>pSeg->iTermLeafPgno; iPgno-- ){
-        Fts5Data *pPg = fts5DataRead(p, FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid, iPgno));
-        int bEmpty = (pPg && pPg->nn==4);
-        fts5DataRelease(pPg);
-        if( bEmpty==0 ) break;
-      }
-
-      if( iPgno==pSeg->iTermLeafPgno ){
-        i64 iId = FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid, pSeg->iTermLeafPgno);
-        Fts5Data *pTerm = fts5DataRead(p, iId);
-        if( pTerm && pTerm->szLeaf==pSeg->iTermLeafOffset ){
-          u8 *aTermIdx = &pTerm->p[pTerm->szLeaf];
-          int nTermIdx = pTerm->nn - pTerm->szLeaf;
-          int iTermIdx = 0;
-          int iTermOff = 0;
-
-          while( 1 ){
-            u32 iVal = 0;
-            int nByte = fts5GetVarint32(&aTermIdx[iTermIdx], iVal);
-            iTermOff += iVal;
-            if( (iTermIdx+nByte)>=nTermIdx ) break;
-            iTermIdx += nByte;
-          }
-          nTermIdx = iTermIdx;
+    int iPgno;
+
+    assert_nc( pSeg->iLeafPgno>pSeg->iTermLeafPgno );
+    /* The entry being removed may be the only position list in
+    ** its doclist. */
+    for(iPgno=pSeg->iLeafPgno-1; iPgno>pSeg->iTermLeafPgno; iPgno-- ){
+      Fts5Data *pPg = fts5DataRead(p, FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid, iPgno));
+      int bEmpty = (pPg && pPg->nn==4);
+      fts5DataRelease(pPg);
+      if( bEmpty==0 ) break;
+    }
+
+    if( iPgno==pSeg->iTermLeafPgno ){
+      i64 iId = FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid, pSeg->iTermLeafPgno);
+      Fts5Data *pTerm = fts5DataRead(p, iId);
+      if( pTerm && pTerm->szLeaf==pSeg->iTermLeafOffset ){
+        u8 *aTermIdx = &pTerm->p[pTerm->szLeaf];
+        int nTermIdx = pTerm->nn - pTerm->szLeaf;
+        int iTermIdx = 0;
+        int iTermOff = 0;
+
+        while( 1 ){
+          u32 iVal = 0;
+          int nByte = fts5GetVarint32(&aTermIdx[iTermIdx], iVal);
+          iTermOff += iVal;
+          if( (iTermIdx+nByte)>=nTermIdx ) break;
+          iTermIdx += nByte;
+        }
+        nTermIdx = iTermIdx;
 
-          memmove(&pTerm->p[iTermOff], &pTerm->p[pTerm->szLeaf], nTermIdx);
-          fts5PutU16(&pTerm->p[2], iTermOff);
+        memmove(&pTerm->p[iTermOff], &pTerm->p[pTerm->szLeaf], nTermIdx);
+        fts5PutU16(&pTerm->p[2], iTermOff);
 
-          fts5DataWrite(p, iId, pTerm->p, iTermOff+nTermIdx);
-          if( nTermIdx==0 ){
-            fts5SecureDeleteIdxEntry(p, iSegid, pSeg->iTermLeafPgno);
-          }
+        fts5DataWrite(p, iId, pTerm->p, iTermOff+nTermIdx);
+        if( nTermIdx==0 ){
+          fts5SecureDeleteIdxEntry(p, iSegid, pSeg->iTermLeafPgno);
         }
-        fts5DataRelease(pTerm);
       }
+      fts5DataRelease(pTerm);
     }
+  }
 
-    if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-      const int nMove = nPg - iNextOff;
-      int nShift = 0;
+  /* Assuming no error has occurred, this block does final edits to the
+  ** leaf page before writing it back to disk. Input variables are:
+  **
+  **   nPg: Total initial size of leaf page.
+  **   iPgIdx: Initial offset of page footer.
+  **
+  **   iOff: Offset to move data to
+  **   iNextOff: Offset to move data from
+  */
+  if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    const int nMove = nPg - iNextOff;     /* Number of bytes to move */
+    int nShift = iNextOff - iOff;         /* Distance to move them */
 
-      memmove(&aPg[iOff], &aPg[iNextOff], nMove);
-      iPgIdx -= (iNextOff - iOff);
-      nPg = iPgIdx;
-      fts5PutU16(&aPg[2], iPgIdx);
+    int iPrevKeyOut = 0;
+    int iKeyIn = 0;
 
-      nShift = iNextOff - iOff;
-      for(iIdx=0, iKeyOff=0, iPrevKeyOff=0; iIdx<nIdx; /* no-op */){
-        u32 iVal = 0;
-        iIdx += fts5GetVarint32(&aIdx[iIdx], iVal);
-        iKeyOff += iVal;
-        if( iKeyOff!=iDelKeyOff ){
-          if( iKeyOff>iOff ){
-            iKeyOff -= nShift;
-            nShift = 0;
-          }
-          nPg += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&aPg[nPg], iKeyOff - iPrevKeyOff);
-          iPrevKeyOff = iKeyOff;
-        }
-      }
+    memmove(&aPg[iOff], &aPg[iNextOff], nMove);
+    iPgIdx -= nShift;
+    nPg = iPgIdx;
+    fts5PutU16(&aPg[2], iPgIdx);
 
-      if( iPgIdx==nPg && nIdx>0 && pSeg->iLeafPgno!=1 ){
-        fts5SecureDeleteIdxEntry(p, iSegid, pSeg->iLeafPgno);
+    for(iIdx=0; iIdx<nIdx; /* no-op */){
+      u32 iVal = 0;
+      iIdx += fts5GetVarint32(&aIdx[iIdx], iVal);
+      iKeyIn += iVal;
+      if( iKeyIn!=iDelKeyOff ){
+        int iKeyOut = (iKeyIn - (iKeyIn>iOff ? nShift : 0));
+        nPg += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&aPg[nPg], iKeyOut - iPrevKeyOut);
+        iPrevKeyOut = iKeyOut;
       }
+    }
 
-      assert_nc( nPg>4 || fts5GetU16(aPg)==0 );
-      fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid,pSeg->iLeafPgno), aPg,nPg);
+    if( iPgIdx==nPg && nIdx>0 && pSeg->iLeafPgno!=1 ){
+      fts5SecureDeleteIdxEntry(p, iSegid, pSeg->iLeafPgno);
     }
-    sqlite3_free(aIdx);
+
+    assert_nc( nPg>4 || fts5GetU16(aPg)==0 );
+    fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID(iSegid,pSeg->iLeafPgno), aPg, nPg);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(aIdx);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4977,184 +5368,198 @@ static void fts5FlushOneHash(Fts5Index *p){
   /* Obtain a reference to the index structure and allocate a new segment-id
   ** for the new level-0 segment.  */
   pStruct = fts5StructureRead(p);
-  iSegid = fts5AllocateSegid(p, pStruct);
   fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
 
-  if( iSegid ){
-    const int pgsz = p->pConfig->pgsz;
-    int eDetail = p->pConfig->eDetail;
-    int bSecureDelete = p->pConfig->bSecureDelete;
-    Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg;   /* New segment within pStruct */
-    Fts5Buffer *pBuf;             /* Buffer in which to assemble leaf page */
-    Fts5Buffer *pPgidx;           /* Buffer in which to assemble pgidx */
-
-    Fts5SegWriter writer;
-    fts5WriteInit(p, &writer, iSegid);
-
-    pBuf = &writer.writer.buf;
-    pPgidx = &writer.writer.pgidx;
-
-    /* fts5WriteInit() should have initialized the buffers to (most likely)
-    ** the maximum space required. */
-    assert( p->rc || pBuf->nSpace>=(pgsz + FTS5_DATA_PADDING) );
-    assert( p->rc || pPgidx->nSpace>=(pgsz + FTS5_DATA_PADDING) );
-
-    /* Begin scanning through hash table entries. This loop runs once for each
-    ** term/doclist currently stored within the hash table. */
-    if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-      p->rc = sqlite3Fts5HashScanInit(pHash, 0, 0);
-    }
-    while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && 0==sqlite3Fts5HashScanEof(pHash) ){
-      const char *zTerm;          /* Buffer containing term */
-      int nTerm;                  /* Size of zTerm in bytes */
-      const u8 *pDoclist;         /* Pointer to doclist for this term */
-      int nDoclist;               /* Size of doclist in bytes */
-
-      /* Get the term and doclist for this entry. */
-      sqlite3Fts5HashScanEntry(pHash, &zTerm, &pDoclist, &nDoclist);
-      nTerm = (int)strlen(zTerm);
-      if( bSecureDelete==0 ){
-        fts5WriteAppendTerm(p, &writer, nTerm, (const u8*)zTerm);
-        if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
-        assert( writer.bFirstRowidInPage==0 );
-      }
-
-      if( !bSecureDelete && pgsz>=(pBuf->n + pPgidx->n + nDoclist + 1) ){
-        /* The entire doclist will fit on the current leaf. */
-        fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(pBuf, pDoclist, nDoclist);
-      }else{
-        int bTermWritten = !bSecureDelete;
-        i64 iRowid = 0;
-        i64 iPrev = 0;
-        int iOff = 0;
-
-        /* The entire doclist will not fit on this leaf. The following 
-        ** loop iterates through the poslists that make up the current 
-        ** doclist.  */
-        while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && iOff<nDoclist ){
-          u64 iDelta = 0;
-          iOff += fts5GetVarint(&pDoclist[iOff], &iDelta);
-          iRowid += iDelta;
-
-          /* If in secure delete mode, and if this entry in the poslist is
-          ** in fact a delete, then edit the existing segments directly
-          ** using fts5FlushSecureDelete().  */
-          if( bSecureDelete ){
-            if( eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_NONE ){
-              if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0x00 ){
-                fts5FlushSecureDelete(p, pStruct, zTerm, iRowid);
-                iOff++;
+  if( sqlite3Fts5HashIsEmpty(pHash)==0 ){
+    iSegid = fts5AllocateSegid(p, pStruct);
+    if( iSegid ){
+      const int pgsz = p->pConfig->pgsz;
+      int eDetail = p->pConfig->eDetail;
+      int bSecureDelete = p->pConfig->bSecureDelete;
+      Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg; /* New segment within pStruct */
+      Fts5Buffer *pBuf;           /* Buffer in which to assemble leaf page */
+      Fts5Buffer *pPgidx;         /* Buffer in which to assemble pgidx */
+  
+      Fts5SegWriter writer;
+      fts5WriteInit(p, &writer, iSegid);
+  
+      pBuf = &writer.writer.buf;
+      pPgidx = &writer.writer.pgidx;
+  
+      /* fts5WriteInit() should have initialized the buffers to (most likely)
+      ** the maximum space required. */
+      assert( p->rc || pBuf->nSpace>=(pgsz + FTS5_DATA_PADDING) );
+      assert( p->rc || pPgidx->nSpace>=(pgsz + FTS5_DATA_PADDING) );
+  
+      /* Begin scanning through hash table entries. This loop runs once for each
+      ** term/doclist currently stored within the hash table. */
+      if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+        p->rc = sqlite3Fts5HashScanInit(pHash, 0, 0);
+      }
+      while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && 0==sqlite3Fts5HashScanEof(pHash) ){
+        const char *zTerm;        /* Buffer containing term */
+        int nTerm;                /* Size of zTerm in bytes */
+        const u8 *pDoclist;       /* Pointer to doclist for this term */
+        int nDoclist;             /* Size of doclist in bytes */
+  
+        /* Get the term and doclist for this entry. */
+        sqlite3Fts5HashScanEntry(pHash, &zTerm, &pDoclist, &nDoclist);
+        nTerm = (int)strlen(zTerm);
+        if( bSecureDelete==0 ){
+          fts5WriteAppendTerm(p, &writer, nTerm, (const u8*)zTerm);
+          if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+          assert( writer.bFirstRowidInPage==0 );
+        }
+  
+        if( !bSecureDelete && pgsz>=(pBuf->n + pPgidx->n + nDoclist + 1) ){
+          /* The entire doclist will fit on the current leaf. */
+          fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(pBuf, pDoclist, nDoclist);
+        }else{
+          int bTermWritten = !bSecureDelete;
+          i64 iRowid = 0;
+          i64 iPrev = 0;
+          int iOff = 0;
+  
+          /* The entire doclist will not fit on this leaf. The following 
+          ** loop iterates through the poslists that make up the current 
+          ** doclist.  */
+          while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && iOff<nDoclist ){
+            u64 iDelta = 0;
+            iOff += fts5GetVarint(&pDoclist[iOff], &iDelta);
+            iRowid += iDelta;
+  
+            /* If in secure delete mode, and if this entry in the poslist is
+            ** in fact a delete, then edit the existing segments directly
+            ** using fts5FlushSecureDelete().  */
+            if( bSecureDelete ){
+              if( eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_NONE ){
                 if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0x00 ){
+                  fts5FlushSecureDelete(p, pStruct, zTerm, iRowid);
+                  iOff++;
+                  if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0x00 ){
+                    iOff++;
+                    nDoclist = 0;
+                  }else{
+                    continue;
+                  }
+                }
+              }else if( (pDoclist[iOff] & 0x01) ){
+                fts5FlushSecureDelete(p, pStruct, zTerm, iRowid);
+                if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || pDoclist[iOff]==0x01 ){
                   iOff++;
-                  nDoclist = 0;
-                }else{
                   continue;
                 }
               }
-            }else if( (pDoclist[iOff] & 0x01) ){
-              fts5FlushSecureDelete(p, pStruct, zTerm, iRowid);
-              if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || pDoclist[iOff]==0x01 ){
-                iOff++;
-                continue;
-              }
             }
-          }
-
-          if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && bTermWritten==0 ){
-            fts5WriteAppendTerm(p, &writer, nTerm, (const u8*)zTerm);
-            bTermWritten = 1;
-            assert( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || writer.bFirstRowidInPage==0 );
-          }
-          
-          if( writer.bFirstRowidInPage ){
-            fts5PutU16(&pBuf->p[0], (u16)pBuf->n);   /* first rowid on page */
-            pBuf->n += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&pBuf->p[pBuf->n], iRowid);
-            writer.bFirstRowidInPage = 0;
-            fts5WriteDlidxAppend(p, &writer, iRowid);
-          }else{
-            pBuf->n += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&pBuf->p[pBuf->n], iRowid-iPrev);
-          }
-          if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
-          assert( pBuf->n<=pBuf->nSpace );
-          iPrev = iRowid;
-
-          if( eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_NONE ){
-            if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0 ){
-              pBuf->p[pBuf->n++] = 0;
-              iOff++;
+  
+            if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK && bTermWritten==0 ){
+              fts5WriteAppendTerm(p, &writer, nTerm, (const u8*)zTerm);
+              bTermWritten = 1;
+              assert( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || writer.bFirstRowidInPage==0 );
+            }
+            
+            if( writer.bFirstRowidInPage ){
+              fts5PutU16(&pBuf->p[0], (u16)pBuf->n);   /* first rowid on page */
+              pBuf->n += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&pBuf->p[pBuf->n], iRowid);
+              writer.bFirstRowidInPage = 0;
+              fts5WriteDlidxAppend(p, &writer, iRowid);
+            }else{
+              u64 iRowidDelta = (u64)iRowid - (u64)iPrev;
+              pBuf->n += sqlite3Fts5PutVarint(&pBuf->p[pBuf->n], iRowidDelta);
+            }
+            if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+            assert( pBuf->n<=pBuf->nSpace );
+            iPrev = iRowid;
+  
+            if( eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_NONE ){
               if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0 ){
                 pBuf->p[pBuf->n++] = 0;
                 iOff++;
+                if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0 ){
+                  pBuf->p[pBuf->n++] = 0;
+                  iOff++;
+                }
+              }
+              if( (pBuf->n + pPgidx->n)>=pgsz ){
+                fts5WriteFlushLeaf(p, &writer);
               }
-            }
-            if( (pBuf->n + pPgidx->n)>=pgsz ){
-              fts5WriteFlushLeaf(p, &writer);
-            }
-          }else{
-            int bDummy;
-            int nPos;
-            int nCopy = fts5GetPoslistSize(&pDoclist[iOff], &nPos, &bDummy);
-            nCopy += nPos;
-            if( (pBuf->n + pPgidx->n + nCopy) <= pgsz ){
-              /* The entire poslist will fit on the current leaf. So copy
-              ** it in one go. */
-              fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(pBuf, &pDoclist[iOff], nCopy);
             }else{
-              /* The entire poslist will not fit on this leaf. So it needs
-              ** to be broken into sections. The only qualification being
-              ** that each varint must be stored contiguously.  */
-              const u8 *pPoslist = &pDoclist[iOff];
-              int iPos = 0;
-              while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-                int nSpace = pgsz - pBuf->n - pPgidx->n;
-                int n = 0;
-                if( (nCopy - iPos)<=nSpace ){
-                  n = nCopy - iPos;
-                }else{
-                  n = fts5PoslistPrefix(&pPoslist[iPos], nSpace);
-                }
-                assert( n>0 );
-                fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(pBuf, &pPoslist[iPos], n);
-                iPos += n;
-                if( (pBuf->n + pPgidx->n)>=pgsz ){
-                  fts5WriteFlushLeaf(p, &writer);
+              int bDel = 0;
+              int nPos = 0;
+              int nCopy = fts5GetPoslistSize(&pDoclist[iOff], &nPos, &bDel);
+              if( bDel && bSecureDelete ){
+                fts5BufferAppendVarint(&p->rc, pBuf, nPos*2);
+                iOff += nCopy;
+                nCopy = nPos;
+              }else{
+                nCopy += nPos;
+              }
+              if( (pBuf->n + pPgidx->n + nCopy) <= pgsz ){
+                /* The entire poslist will fit on the current leaf. So copy
+                ** it in one go. */
+                fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(pBuf, &pDoclist[iOff], nCopy);
+              }else{
+                /* The entire poslist will not fit on this leaf. So it needs
+                ** to be broken into sections. The only qualification being
+                ** that each varint must be stored contiguously.  */
+                const u8 *pPoslist = &pDoclist[iOff];
+                int iPos = 0;
+                while( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+                  int nSpace = pgsz - pBuf->n - pPgidx->n;
+                  int n = 0;
+                  if( (nCopy - iPos)<=nSpace ){
+                    n = nCopy - iPos;
+                  }else{
+                    n = fts5PoslistPrefix(&pPoslist[iPos], nSpace);
+                  }
+                  assert( n>0 );
+                  fts5BufferSafeAppendBlob(pBuf, &pPoslist[iPos], n);
+                  iPos += n;
+                  if( (pBuf->n + pPgidx->n)>=pgsz ){
+                    fts5WriteFlushLeaf(p, &writer);
+                  }
+                  if( iPos>=nCopy ) break;
                 }
-                if( iPos>=nCopy ) break;
               }
+              iOff += nCopy;
             }
-            iOff += nCopy;
           }
         }
+  
+        /* TODO2: Doclist terminator written here. */
+        /* pBuf->p[pBuf->n++] = '\0'; */
+        assert( pBuf->n<=pBuf->nSpace );
+        if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ) sqlite3Fts5HashScanNext(pHash);
       }
-
-      /* TODO2: Doclist terminator written here. */
-      /* pBuf->p[pBuf->n++] = '\0'; */
-      assert( pBuf->n<=pBuf->nSpace );
-      if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ) sqlite3Fts5HashScanNext(pHash);
-    }
-    sqlite3Fts5HashClear(pHash);
-    fts5WriteFinish(p, &writer, &pgnoLast);
-
-    assert( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || bSecureDelete || pgnoLast>0 );
-    if( pgnoLast>0 ){
-      /* Update the Fts5Structure. It is written back to the database by the
-      ** fts5StructureRelease() call below.  */
-      if( pStruct->nLevel==0 ){
-        fts5StructureAddLevel(&p->rc, &pStruct);
-      }
-      fts5StructureExtendLevel(&p->rc, pStruct, 0, 1, 0);
-      if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-        pSeg = &pStruct->aLevel[0].aSeg[ pStruct->aLevel[0].nSeg++ ];
-        pSeg->iSegid = iSegid;
-        pSeg->pgnoFirst = 1;
-        pSeg->pgnoLast = pgnoLast;
-        pStruct->nSegment++;
+      fts5WriteFinish(p, &writer, &pgnoLast);
+  
+      assert( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || bSecureDelete || pgnoLast>0 );
+      if( pgnoLast>0 ){
+        /* Update the Fts5Structure. It is written back to the database by the
+        ** fts5StructureRelease() call below.  */
+        if( pStruct->nLevel==0 ){
+          fts5StructureAddLevel(&p->rc, &pStruct);
+        }
+        fts5StructureExtendLevel(&p->rc, pStruct, 0, 1, 0);
+        if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+          pSeg = &pStruct->aLevel[0].aSeg[ pStruct->aLevel[0].nSeg++ ];
+          pSeg->iSegid = iSegid;
+          pSeg->pgnoFirst = 1;
+          pSeg->pgnoLast = pgnoLast;
+          if( pStruct->nOriginCntr>0 ){
+            pSeg->iOrigin1 = pStruct->nOriginCntr;
+            pSeg->iOrigin2 = pStruct->nOriginCntr;
+            pSeg->nEntry = p->nPendingRow;
+            pStruct->nOriginCntr++;
+          }
+          pStruct->nSegment++;
+        }
+        fts5StructurePromote(p, 0, pStruct);
       }
-      fts5StructurePromote(p, 0, pStruct);
     }
   }
 
-  fts5IndexAutomerge(p, &pStruct, pgnoLast);
+  fts5IndexAutomerge(p, &pStruct, pgnoLast + p->nContentlessDelete);
   fts5IndexCrisismerge(p, &pStruct);
   fts5StructureWrite(p, pStruct);
   fts5StructureRelease(pStruct);
@@ -5165,10 +5570,15 @@ static void fts5FlushOneHash(Fts5Index *p){
 */
 static void fts5IndexFlush(Fts5Index *p){
   /* Unless it is empty, flush the hash table to disk */
-  if( p->nPendingData ){
+  if( p->nPendingData || p->nContentlessDelete ){
     assert( p->pHash );
-    p->nPendingData = 0;
     fts5FlushOneHash(p);
+    if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      sqlite3Fts5HashClear(p->pHash);
+      p->nPendingData = 0;
+      p->nPendingRow = 0;
+      p->nContentlessDelete = 0;
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -5184,17 +5594,22 @@ static Fts5Structure *fts5IndexOptimizeStruct(
   /* Figure out if this structure requires optimization. A structure does
   ** not require optimization if either:
   **
-  **  + it consists of fewer than two segments, or 
-  **  + all segments are on the same level, or
-  **  + all segments except one are currently inputs to a merge operation.
+  **  1. it consists of fewer than two segments, or 
+  **  2. all segments are on the same level, or
+  **  3. all segments except one are currently inputs to a merge operation.
   **
-  ** In the first case, return NULL. In the second, increment the ref-count
-  ** on *pStruct and return a copy of the pointer to it.
+  ** In the first case, if there are no tombstone hash pages, return NULL. In
+  ** the second, increment the ref-count on *pStruct and return a copy of the
+  ** pointer to it.
   */
-  if( nSeg<2 ) return 0;
+  if( nSeg==0 ) return 0;
   for(i=0; i<pStruct->nLevel; i++){
     int nThis = pStruct->aLevel[i].nSeg;
-    if( nThis==nSeg || (nThis==nSeg-1 && pStruct->aLevel[i].nMerge==nThis) ){
+    int nMerge = pStruct->aLevel[i].nMerge;
+    if( nThis>0 && (nThis==nSeg || (nThis==nSeg-1 && nMerge==nThis)) ){
+      if( nSeg==1 && nThis==1 && pStruct->aLevel[i].aSeg[0].nPgTombstone==0 ){
+        return 0;
+      }
       fts5StructureRef(pStruct);
       return pStruct;
     }
@@ -5210,6 +5625,7 @@ static Fts5Structure *fts5IndexOptimizeStruct(
     pNew->nLevel = MIN(pStruct->nLevel+1, FTS5_MAX_LEVEL);
     pNew->nRef = 1;
     pNew->nWriteCounter = pStruct->nWriteCounter;
+    pNew->nOriginCntr = pStruct->nOriginCntr;
     pLvl = &pNew->aLevel[pNew->nLevel-1];
     pLvl->aSeg = (Fts5StructureSegment*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, nByte);
     if( pLvl->aSeg ){
@@ -5240,6 +5656,7 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexOptimize(Fts5Index *p){
 
   assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
   fts5IndexFlush(p);
+  assert( p->nContentlessDelete==0 );
   pStruct = fts5StructureRead(p);
   fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
 
@@ -5269,7 +5686,10 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexOptimize(Fts5Index *p){
 ** INSERT command.
 */
 int sqlite3Fts5IndexMerge(Fts5Index *p, int nMerge){
-  Fts5Structure *pStruct = fts5StructureRead(p);
+  Fts5Structure *pStruct = 0;
+
+  fts5IndexFlush(p);
+  pStruct = fts5StructureRead(p);
   if( pStruct ){
     int nMin = p->pConfig->nUsermerge;
     fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
@@ -5277,7 +5697,7 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexMerge(Fts5Index *p, int nMerge){
       Fts5Structure *pNew = fts5IndexOptimizeStruct(p, pStruct);
       fts5StructureRelease(pStruct);
       pStruct = pNew;
-      nMin = 2;
+      nMin = 1;
       nMerge = nMerge*-1;
     }
     if( pStruct && pStruct->nLevel ){
@@ -5791,6 +6211,9 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexBeginWrite(Fts5Index *p, int bDelete, i64 iRowid){
 
   p->iWriteRowid = iRowid;
   p->bDelete = bDelete;
+  if( bDelete==0 ){
+    p->nPendingRow++;
+  }
   return fts5IndexReturn(p);
 }
 
@@ -5828,6 +6251,9 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexReinit(Fts5Index *p){
   fts5StructureInvalidate(p);
   fts5IndexDiscardData(p);
   memset(&s, 0, sizeof(Fts5Structure));
+  if( p->pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
+    s.nOriginCntr = 1;
+  }
   fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID, (const u8*)"", 0);
   fts5StructureWrite(p, &s);
   return fts5IndexReturn(p);
@@ -6219,6 +6645,347 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexLoadConfig(Fts5Index *p){
   return fts5IndexReturn(p);
 }
 
+/*
+** Retrieve the origin value that will be used for the segment currently
+** being accumulated in the in-memory hash table when it is flushed to
+** disk. If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned and (*piOrigin) set to
+** the queried value. Or, if an error occurs, an error code is returned
+** and the final value of (*piOrigin) is undefined.
+*/
+int sqlite3Fts5IndexGetOrigin(Fts5Index *p, i64 *piOrigin){
+  Fts5Structure *pStruct;
+  pStruct = fts5StructureRead(p);
+  if( pStruct ){
+    *piOrigin = pStruct->nOriginCntr;
+    fts5StructureRelease(pStruct);
+  }
+  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
+}
+
+/*
+** Buffer pPg contains a page of a tombstone hash table - one of nPg pages
+** associated with the same segment. This function adds rowid iRowid to
+** the hash table. The caller is required to guarantee that there is at
+** least one free slot on the page.
+**
+** If parameter bForce is false and the hash table is deemed to be full
+** (more than half of the slots are occupied), then non-zero is returned
+** and iRowid not inserted. Or, if bForce is true or if the hash table page
+** is not full, iRowid is inserted and zero returned.
+*/
+static int fts5IndexTombstoneAddToPage(
+  Fts5Data *pPg, 
+  int bForce,
+  int nPg, 
+  u64 iRowid
+){
+  const int szKey = TOMBSTONE_KEYSIZE(pPg);
+  const int nSlot = TOMBSTONE_NSLOT(pPg);
+  const int nElem = fts5GetU32(&pPg->p[4]);
+  int iSlot = (iRowid / nPg) % nSlot;
+  int nCollide = nSlot;
+
+  if( szKey==4 && iRowid>0xFFFFFFFF ) return 2;
+  if( iRowid==0 ){
+    pPg->p[1] = 0x01;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if( bForce==0 && nElem>=(nSlot/2) ){
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  fts5PutU32(&pPg->p[4], nElem+1);
+  if( szKey==4 ){
+    u32 *aSlot = (u32*)&pPg->p[8];
+    while( aSlot[iSlot] ){
+      iSlot = (iSlot + 1) % nSlot;
+      if( nCollide--==0 ) return 0;
+    }
+    fts5PutU32((u8*)&aSlot[iSlot], (u32)iRowid);
+  }else{
+    u64 *aSlot = (u64*)&pPg->p[8];
+    while( aSlot[iSlot] ){
+      iSlot = (iSlot + 1) % nSlot;
+      if( nCollide--==0 ) return 0;
+    }
+    fts5PutU64((u8*)&aSlot[iSlot], iRowid);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** This function attempts to build a new hash containing all the keys 
+** currently in the tombstone hash table for segment pSeg. The new
+** hash will be stored in the nOut buffers passed in array apOut[].
+** All pages of the new hash use key-size szKey (4 or 8).
+**
+** Return 0 if the hash is successfully rebuilt into the nOut pages. 
+** Or non-zero if it is not (because one page became overfull). In this 
+** case the caller should retry with a larger nOut parameter.
+**
+** Parameter pData1 is page iPg1 of the hash table being rebuilt.
+*/
+static int fts5IndexTombstoneRehash(
+  Fts5Index *p,
+  Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg,     /* Segment to rebuild hash of */
+  Fts5Data *pData1,               /* One page of current hash - or NULL */
+  int iPg1,                       /* Which page of the current hash is pData1 */
+  int szKey,                      /* 4 or 8, the keysize */
+  int nOut,                       /* Number of output pages */
+  Fts5Data **apOut                /* Array of output hash pages */
+){
+  int ii;
+  int res = 0;
+
+  /* Initialize the headers of all the output pages */
+  for(ii=0; ii<nOut; ii++){
+    apOut[ii]->p[0] = szKey;
+    fts5PutU32(&apOut[ii]->p[4], 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Loop through the current pages of the hash table. */ 
+  for(ii=0; res==0 && ii<pSeg->nPgTombstone; ii++){
+    Fts5Data *pData = 0;          /* Page ii of the current hash table */
+    Fts5Data *pFree = 0;          /* Free this at the end of the loop */
+
+    if( iPg1==ii ){
+      pData = pData1;
+    }else{
+      pFree = pData = fts5DataRead(p, FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(pSeg->iSegid, ii));
+    }
+
+    if( pData ){
+      int szKeyIn = TOMBSTONE_KEYSIZE(pData);
+      int nSlotIn = (pData->nn - 8) / szKeyIn;
+      int iIn;
+      for(iIn=0; iIn<nSlotIn; iIn++){
+        u64 iVal = 0;
+
+        /* Read the value from slot iIn of the input page into iVal. */
+        if( szKeyIn==4 ){
+          u32 *aSlot = (u32*)&pData->p[8];
+          if( aSlot[iIn] ) iVal = fts5GetU32((u8*)&aSlot[iIn]);
+        }else{
+          u64 *aSlot = (u64*)&pData->p[8];
+          if( aSlot[iIn] ) iVal = fts5GetU64((u8*)&aSlot[iIn]);
+        }
+
+        /* If iVal is not 0 at this point, insert it into the new hash table */
+        if( iVal ){
+          Fts5Data *pPg = apOut[(iVal % nOut)];
+          res = fts5IndexTombstoneAddToPage(pPg, 0, nOut, iVal);
+          if( res ) break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      /* If this is page 0 of the old hash, copy the rowid-0-flag from the
+      ** old hash to the new.  */
+      if( ii==0 ){
+        apOut[0]->p[1] = pData->p[1];
+      }
+    }
+    fts5DataRelease(pFree);
+  }
+
+  return res;
+}
+
+/*
+** This is called to rebuild the hash table belonging to segment pSeg.
+** If parameter pData1 is not NULL, then one page of the existing hash table
+** has already been loaded - pData1, which is page iPg1. The key-size for
+** the new hash table is szKey (4 or 8).
+**
+** If successful, the new hash table is not written to disk. Instead, 
+** output parameter (*pnOut) is set to the number of pages in the new
+** hash table, and (*papOut) to point to an array of buffers containing
+** the new page data.
+**
+** If an error occurs, an error code is left in the Fts5Index object and
+** both output parameters set to 0 before returning.
+*/
+static void fts5IndexTombstoneRebuild(
+  Fts5Index *p,
+  Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg,     /* Segment to rebuild hash of */
+  Fts5Data *pData1,               /* One page of current hash - or NULL */
+  int iPg1,                       /* Which page of the current hash is pData1 */
+  int szKey,                      /* 4 or 8, the keysize */
+  int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of output pages */
+  Fts5Data ***papOut              /* OUT: Output hash pages */
+){
+  const int MINSLOT = 32;
+  int nSlotPerPage = MAX(MINSLOT, (p->pConfig->pgsz - 8) / szKey);
+  int nSlot = 0;                  /* Number of slots in each output page */
+  int nOut = 0;
+
+  /* Figure out how many output pages (nOut) and how many slots per 
+  ** page (nSlot).  There are three possibilities: 
+  **
+  **   1. The hash table does not yet exist. In this case the new hash
+  **      table will consist of a single page with MINSLOT slots.
+  **
+  **   2. The hash table exists but is currently a single page. In this
+  **      case an attempt is made to grow the page to accommodate the new
+  **      entry. The page is allowed to grow up to nSlotPerPage (see above)
+  **      slots.
+  **
+  **   3. The hash table already consists of more than one page, or of
+  **      a single page already so large that it cannot be grown. In this
+  **      case the new hash consists of (nPg*2+1) pages of nSlotPerPage
+  **      slots each, where nPg is the current number of pages in the 
+  **      hash table.
+  */
+  if( pSeg->nPgTombstone==0 ){
+    /* Case 1. */
+    nOut = 1;
+    nSlot = MINSLOT;
+  }else if( pSeg->nPgTombstone==1 ){
+    /* Case 2. */
+    int nElem = (int)fts5GetU32(&pData1->p[4]);
+    assert( pData1 && iPg1==0 );
+    nOut = 1;
+    nSlot = MAX(nElem*4, MINSLOT);
+    if( nSlot>nSlotPerPage ) nOut = 0; 
+  }
+  if( nOut==0 ){
+    /* Case 3. */
+    nOut = (pSeg->nPgTombstone * 2 + 1);
+    nSlot = nSlotPerPage;
+  }
+
+  /* Allocate the required array and output pages */
+  while( 1 ){
+    int res = 0;
+    int ii = 0;
+    int szPage = 0;
+    Fts5Data **apOut = 0;
+
+    /* Allocate space for the new hash table */
+    assert( nSlot>=MINSLOT );
+    apOut = (Fts5Data**)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, sizeof(Fts5Data*) * nOut);
+    szPage = 8 + nSlot*szKey;
+    for(ii=0; ii<nOut; ii++){
+      Fts5Data *pNew = (Fts5Data*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, 
+          sizeof(Fts5Data)+szPage
+      );
+      if( pNew ){
+        pNew->nn = szPage;
+        pNew->p = (u8*)&pNew[1];
+        apOut[ii] = pNew;
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* Rebuild the hash table. */
+    if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      res = fts5IndexTombstoneRehash(p, pSeg, pData1, iPg1, szKey, nOut, apOut);
+    }
+    if( res==0 ){
+      if( p->rc ){
+        fts5IndexFreeArray(apOut, nOut);
+        apOut = 0;
+        nOut = 0;
+      }
+      *pnOut = nOut;
+      *papOut = apOut;
+      break;
+    }
+    
+    /* If control flows to here, it was not possible to rebuild the hash
+    ** table. Free all buffers and then try again with more pages. */
+    assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
+    fts5IndexFreeArray(apOut, nOut);
+    nSlot = nSlotPerPage;
+    nOut = nOut*2 + 1;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add a tombstone for rowid iRowid to segment pSeg.
+*/
+static void fts5IndexTombstoneAdd(
+  Fts5Index *p, 
+  Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg, 
+  u64 iRowid
+){
+  Fts5Data *pPg = 0;
+  int iPg = -1;
+  int szKey = 0;
+  int nHash = 0;
+  Fts5Data **apHash = 0;
+
+  p->nContentlessDelete++;
+
+  if( pSeg->nPgTombstone>0 ){
+    iPg = iRowid % pSeg->nPgTombstone;
+    pPg = fts5DataRead(p, FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(pSeg->iSegid,iPg));
+    if( pPg==0 ){
+      assert( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK );
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if( 0==fts5IndexTombstoneAddToPage(pPg, 0, pSeg->nPgTombstone, iRowid) ){
+      fts5DataWrite(p, FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(pSeg->iSegid,iPg), pPg->p, pPg->nn);
+      fts5DataRelease(pPg);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Have to rebuild the hash table. First figure out the key-size (4 or 8). */
+  szKey = pPg ? TOMBSTONE_KEYSIZE(pPg) : 4;
+  if( iRowid>0xFFFFFFFF ) szKey = 8;
+
+  /* Rebuild the hash table */
+  fts5IndexTombstoneRebuild(p, pSeg, pPg, iPg, szKey, &nHash, &apHash);
+  assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK || (nHash==0 && apHash==0) );
+
+  /* If all has succeeded, write the new rowid into one of the new hash
+  ** table pages, then write them all out to disk. */
+  if( nHash ){
+    int ii = 0;
+    fts5IndexTombstoneAddToPage(apHash[iRowid % nHash], 1, nHash, iRowid);
+    for(ii=0; ii<nHash; ii++){
+      i64 iTombstoneRowid = FTS5_TOMBSTONE_ROWID(pSeg->iSegid, ii);
+      fts5DataWrite(p, iTombstoneRowid, apHash[ii]->p, apHash[ii]->nn);
+    }
+    pSeg->nPgTombstone = nHash;
+    fts5StructureWrite(p, p->pStruct);
+  }
+
+  fts5DataRelease(pPg);
+  fts5IndexFreeArray(apHash, nHash);
+}
+
+/*
+** Add iRowid to the tombstone list of the segment or segments that contain
+** rows from origin iOrigin. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite
+** error code otherwise.
+*/
+int sqlite3Fts5IndexContentlessDelete(Fts5Index *p, i64 iOrigin, i64 iRowid){
+  Fts5Structure *pStruct;
+  pStruct = fts5StructureRead(p);
+  if( pStruct ){
+    int bFound = 0;               /* True after pSeg->nEntryTombstone incr. */
+    int iLvl;
+    for(iLvl=pStruct->nLevel-1; iLvl>=0; iLvl--){
+      int iSeg;
+      for(iSeg=pStruct->aLevel[iLvl].nSeg-1; iSeg>=0; iSeg--){
+        Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg = &pStruct->aLevel[iLvl].aSeg[iSeg];
+        if( pSeg->iOrigin1<=(u64)iOrigin && pSeg->iOrigin2>=(u64)iOrigin ){
+          if( bFound==0 ){
+            pSeg->nEntryTombstone++;
+            bFound = 1;
+          }
+          fts5IndexTombstoneAdd(p, pSeg, iRowid);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    fts5StructureRelease(pStruct);
+  }
+  return fts5IndexReturn(p);
+}
 
 /*************************************************************************
 **************************************************************************
@@ -6770,13 +7537,14 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexIntegrityCheck(Fts5Index *p, u64 cksum, int bUseCksum){
 ** function only.
 */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** Decode a segment-data rowid from the %_data table. This function is
 ** the opposite of macro FTS5_SEGMENT_ROWID().
 */
 static void fts5DecodeRowid(
   i64 iRowid,                     /* Rowid from %_data table */
+  int *pbTombstone,               /* OUT: Tombstone hash flag */
   int *piSegid,                   /* OUT: Segment id */
   int *pbDlidx,                   /* OUT: Dlidx flag */
   int *piHeight,                  /* OUT: Height */
@@ -6792,13 +7560,16 @@ static void fts5DecodeRowid(
   iRowid >>= FTS5_DATA_DLI_B;
 
   *piSegid = (int)(iRowid & (((i64)1 << FTS5_DATA_ID_B) - 1));
+  iRowid >>= FTS5_DATA_ID_B;
+
+  *pbTombstone = (int)(iRowid & 0x0001);
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 static void fts5DebugRowid(int *pRc, Fts5Buffer *pBuf, i64 iKey){
-  int iSegid, iHeight, iPgno, bDlidx;       /* Rowid compenents */
-  fts5DecodeRowid(iKey, &iSegid, &bDlidx, &iHeight, &iPgno);
+  int iSegid, iHeight, iPgno, bDlidx, bTomb;     /* Rowid compenents */
+  fts5DecodeRowid(iKey, &bTomb, &iSegid, &bDlidx, &iHeight, &iPgno);
 
   if( iSegid==0 ){
     if( iKey==FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID ){
@@ -6808,14 +7579,16 @@ static void fts5DebugRowid(int *pRc, Fts5Buffer *pBuf, i64 iKey){
     }
   }
   else{
-    sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, "{%ssegid=%d h=%d pgno=%d}",
-        bDlidx ? "dlidx " : "", iSegid, iHeight, iPgno
+    sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, "{%s%ssegid=%d h=%d pgno=%d}",
+        bDlidx ? "dlidx " : "", 
+        bTomb ? "tombstone " : "", 
+        iSegid, iHeight, iPgno
     );
   }
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 static void fts5DebugStructure(
   int *pRc,                       /* IN/OUT: error code */
   Fts5Buffer *pBuf,
@@ -6830,16 +7603,22 @@ static void fts5DebugStructure(
     );
     for(iSeg=0; iSeg<pLvl->nSeg; iSeg++){
       Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg = &pLvl->aSeg[iSeg];
-      sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, " {id=%d leaves=%d..%d}", 
+      sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, " {id=%d leaves=%d..%d",
           pSeg->iSegid, pSeg->pgnoFirst, pSeg->pgnoLast
       );
+      if( pSeg->iOrigin1>0 ){
+        sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, " origin=%lld..%lld",
+            pSeg->iOrigin1, pSeg->iOrigin2
+        );
+      }
+      sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, "}");
     }
     sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, "}");
   }
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** This is part of the fts5_decode() debugging aid.
 **
@@ -6864,9 +7643,9 @@ static void fts5DecodeStructure(
   fts5DebugStructure(pRc, pBuf, p);
   fts5StructureRelease(p);
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** This is part of the fts5_decode() debugging aid.
 **
@@ -6889,9 +7668,9 @@ static void fts5DecodeAverages(
     zSpace = " ";
   }
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** Buffer (a/n) is assumed to contain a list of serialized varints. Read
 ** each varint and append its string representation to buffer pBuf. Return
@@ -6908,9 +7687,9 @@ static int fts5DecodePoslist(int *pRc, Fts5Buffer *pBuf, const u8 *a, int n){
   }
   return iOff;
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** The start of buffer (a/n) contains the start of a doclist. The doclist
 ** may or may not finish within the buffer. This function appends a text
@@ -6943,9 +7722,9 @@ static int fts5DecodeDoclist(int *pRc, Fts5Buffer *pBuf, const u8 *a, int n){
 
   return iOff;
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** This function is part of the fts5_decode() debugging function. It is 
 ** only ever used with detail=none tables.
@@ -6986,9 +7765,9 @@ static void fts5DecodeRowidList(
     sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(pRc, pBuf, " %lld%s", iRowid, zApp);
   }
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** The implementation of user-defined scalar function fts5_decode().
 */
@@ -6999,6 +7778,7 @@ static void fts5DecodeFunction(
 ){
   i64 iRowid;                     /* Rowid for record being decoded */
   int iSegid,iHeight,iPgno,bDlidx;/* Rowid components */
+  int bTomb;
   const u8 *aBlob; int n;         /* Record to decode */
   u8 *a = 0;
   Fts5Buffer s;                   /* Build up text to return here */
@@ -7021,7 +7801,7 @@ static void fts5DecodeFunction(
   if( a==0 ) goto decode_out;
   if( n>0 ) memcpy(a, aBlob, n);
 
-  fts5DecodeRowid(iRowid, &iSegid, &bDlidx, &iHeight, &iPgno);
+  fts5DecodeRowid(iRowid, &bTomb, &iSegid, &bDlidx, &iHeight, &iPgno);
 
   fts5DebugRowid(&rc, &s, iRowid);
   if( bDlidx ){
@@ -7040,6 +7820,28 @@ static void fts5DecodeFunction(
           " %d(%lld)", lvl.iLeafPgno, lvl.iRowid
       );
     }
+  }else if( bTomb ){
+    u32 nElem  = fts5GetU32(&a[4]);
+    int szKey = (aBlob[0]==4 || aBlob[0]==8) ? aBlob[0] : 8;
+    int nSlot = (n - 8) / szKey;
+    int ii;
+    sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(&rc, &s, " nElem=%d", (int)nElem);
+    if( aBlob[1] ){
+      sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(&rc, &s, " 0");
+    }
+    for(ii=0; ii<nSlot; ii++){
+      u64 iVal = 0;
+      if( szKey==4 ){
+        u32 *aSlot = (u32*)&aBlob[8];
+        if( aSlot[ii] ) iVal = fts5GetU32((u8*)&aSlot[ii]);
+      }else{
+        u64 *aSlot = (u64*)&aBlob[8];
+        if( aSlot[ii] ) iVal = fts5GetU64((u8*)&aSlot[ii]);
+      }
+      if( iVal!=0 ){
+        sqlite3Fts5BufferAppendPrintf(&rc, &s, " %lld", (i64)iVal);
+      }
+    }
   }else if( iSegid==0 ){
     if( iRowid==FTS5_AVERAGES_ROWID ){
       fts5DecodeAverages(&rc, &s, a, n);
@@ -7065,7 +7867,7 @@ static void fts5DecodeFunction(
     fts5DecodeRowidList(&rc, &s, &a[4], iTermOff-4);
 
     iOff = iTermOff;
-    while( iOff<szLeaf ){
+    while( iOff<szLeaf && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       int nAppend;
 
       /* Read the term data for the next term*/
@@ -7085,8 +7887,11 @@ static void fts5DecodeFunction(
       }else{
         iTermOff = szLeaf;
       }
-
-      fts5DecodeRowidList(&rc, &s, &a[iOff], iTermOff-iOff);
+      if( iTermOff>szLeaf ){
+        rc = FTS5_CORRUPT;
+      }else{
+        fts5DecodeRowidList(&rc, &s, &a[iOff], iTermOff-iOff);
+      }
       iOff = iTermOff;
       if( iOff<szLeaf ){
         iOff += fts5GetVarint32(&a[iOff], nKeep);
@@ -7197,9 +8002,9 @@ static void fts5DecodeFunction(
   }
   fts5BufferFree(&s);
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST 
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG) 
 /*
 ** The implementation of user-defined scalar function fts5_rowid().
 */
@@ -7233,7 +8038,235 @@ static void fts5RowidFunction(
     }
   }
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
+
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
+
+typedef struct Fts5StructVtab Fts5StructVtab;
+struct Fts5StructVtab {
+  sqlite3_vtab base;
+};
+
+typedef struct Fts5StructVcsr Fts5StructVcsr;
+struct Fts5StructVcsr {
+  sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;
+  Fts5Structure *pStruct;
+  int iLevel;
+  int iSeg;
+  int iRowid;
+};
+
+/*
+** Create a new fts5_structure() table-valued function.
+*/
+static int fts5structConnectMethod(
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  void *pAux,
+  int argc, const char *const*argv,
+  sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
+  char **pzErr
+){
+  Fts5StructVtab *pNew = 0;
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+  rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, 
+      "CREATE TABLE xyz("
+          "level, segment, merge, segid, leaf1, leaf2, loc1, loc2, "
+          "npgtombstone, nentrytombstone, nentry, struct HIDDEN);"
+  );
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    pNew = sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, sizeof(*pNew));
+  }
+
+  *ppVtab = (sqlite3_vtab*)pNew;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** We must have a single struct=? constraint that will be passed through
+** into the xFilter method.  If there is no valid stmt=? constraint,
+** then return an SQLITE_CONSTRAINT error.
+*/
+static int fts5structBestIndexMethod(
+  sqlite3_vtab *tab,
+  sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo
+){
+  int i;
+  int rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
+  struct sqlite3_index_constraint *p;
+  pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)100;
+  pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 100;
+  pIdxInfo->idxNum = 0;
+  for(i=0, p=pIdxInfo->aConstraint; i<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; i++, p++){
+    if( p->usable==0 ) continue;
+    if( p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ && p->iColumn==11 ){
+      rc = SQLITE_OK;
+      pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].omit = 1;
+      pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[i].argvIndex = 1;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** This method is the destructor for bytecodevtab objects.
+*/
+static int fts5structDisconnectMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
+  Fts5StructVtab *p = (Fts5StructVtab*)pVtab;
+  sqlite3_free(p);
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+** Constructor for a new bytecodevtab_cursor object.
+*/
+static int fts5structOpenMethod(sqlite3_vtab *p, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCsr){
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pNew = 0;
+
+  pNew = sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, sizeof(*pNew));
+  *ppCsr = (sqlite3_vtab_cursor*)pNew;
+
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+** Destructor for a bytecodevtab_cursor.
+*/
+static int fts5structCloseMethod(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pCsr = (Fts5StructVcsr*)cur;
+  fts5StructureRelease(pCsr->pStruct);
+  sqlite3_free(pCsr);
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Advance a bytecodevtab_cursor to its next row of output.
+*/
+static int fts5structNextMethod(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pCsr = (Fts5StructVcsr*)cur;
+  Fts5Structure *p = pCsr->pStruct;
+
+  assert( pCsr->pStruct );
+  pCsr->iSeg++;
+  pCsr->iRowid++;
+  while( pCsr->iLevel<p->nLevel && pCsr->iSeg>=p->aLevel[pCsr->iLevel].nSeg ){
+    pCsr->iLevel++;
+    pCsr->iSeg = 0;
+  }
+  if( pCsr->iLevel>=p->nLevel ){
+    fts5StructureRelease(pCsr->pStruct);
+    pCsr->pStruct = 0;
+  }
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+** Return TRUE if the cursor has been moved off of the last
+** row of output.
+*/
+static int fts5structEofMethod(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pCsr = (Fts5StructVcsr*)cur;
+  return pCsr->pStruct==0;
+}
+
+static int fts5structRowidMethod(
+  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, 
+  sqlite_int64 *piRowid
+){
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pCsr = (Fts5StructVcsr*)cur;
+  *piRowid = pCsr->iRowid;
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+** Return values of columns for the row at which the bytecodevtab_cursor
+** is currently pointing.
+*/
+static int fts5structColumnMethod(
+  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur,   /* The cursor */
+  sqlite3_context *ctx,       /* First argument to sqlite3_result_...() */
+  int i                       /* Which column to return */
+){
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pCsr = (Fts5StructVcsr*)cur;
+  Fts5Structure *p = pCsr->pStruct;
+  Fts5StructureSegment *pSeg = &p->aLevel[pCsr->iLevel].aSeg[pCsr->iSeg];
+
+  switch( i ){
+    case 0: /* level */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCsr->iLevel);
+      break;
+    case 1: /* segment */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCsr->iSeg);
+      break;
+    case 2: /* merge */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pCsr->iSeg < p->aLevel[pCsr->iLevel].nMerge);
+      break;
+    case 3: /* segid */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pSeg->iSegid);
+      break;
+    case 4: /* leaf1 */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pSeg->pgnoFirst);
+      break;
+    case 5: /* leaf2 */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pSeg->pgnoLast);
+      break;
+    case 6: /* origin1 */
+      sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pSeg->iOrigin1);
+      break;
+    case 7: /* origin2 */
+      sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pSeg->iOrigin2);
+      break;
+    case 8: /* npgtombstone */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pSeg->nPgTombstone);
+      break;
+    case 9: /* nentrytombstone */
+      sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pSeg->nEntryTombstone);
+      break;
+    case 10: /* nentry */
+      sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, pSeg->nEntry);
+      break;
+  }
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+** Initialize a cursor.
+**
+**    idxNum==0     means show all subprograms
+**    idxNum==1     means show only the main bytecode and omit subprograms.
+*/
+static int fts5structFilterMethod(
+  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor, 
+  int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+  int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  Fts5StructVcsr *pCsr = (Fts5StructVcsr *)pVtabCursor;
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+  const u8 *aBlob = 0;
+  int nBlob = 0;
+
+  assert( argc==1 );
+  fts5StructureRelease(pCsr->pStruct);
+  pCsr->pStruct = 0;
+
+  nBlob = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+  aBlob = (const u8*)sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
+  rc = fts5StructureDecode(aBlob, nBlob, 0, &pCsr->pStruct);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    pCsr->iLevel = 0;
+    pCsr->iRowid = 0;
+    pCsr->iSeg = -1;
+    rc = fts5structNextMethod(pVtabCursor);
+  }
+
+  return rc;
+}
+
+#endif /* SQLITE_TEST || SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG */
 
 /*
 ** This is called as part of registering the FTS5 module with database
@@ -7244,7 +8277,7 @@ static void fts5RowidFunction(
 ** SQLite error code is returned instead.
 */
 int sqlite3Fts5IndexInit(sqlite3 *db){
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_FTS5_DEBUG)
   int rc = sqlite3_create_function(
       db, "fts5_decode", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, fts5DecodeFunction, 0, 0
   );
@@ -7261,6 +8294,37 @@ int sqlite3Fts5IndexInit(sqlite3 *db){
         db, "fts5_rowid", -1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0, fts5RowidFunction, 0, 0
     );
   }
+
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    static const sqlite3_module fts5structure_module = {
+      0,                           /* iVersion      */
+      0,                           /* xCreate       */
+      fts5structConnectMethod,     /* xConnect      */
+      fts5structBestIndexMethod,   /* xBestIndex    */
+      fts5structDisconnectMethod,  /* xDisconnect   */
+      0,                           /* xDestroy      */
+      fts5structOpenMethod,        /* xOpen         */
+      fts5structCloseMethod,       /* xClose        */
+      fts5structFilterMethod,      /* xFilter       */
+      fts5structNextMethod,        /* xNext         */
+      fts5structEofMethod,         /* xEof          */
+      fts5structColumnMethod,      /* xColumn       */
+      fts5structRowidMethod,       /* xRowid        */
+      0,                           /* xUpdate       */
+      0,                           /* xBegin        */
+      0,                           /* xSync         */
+      0,                           /* xCommit       */
+      0,                           /* xRollback     */
+      0,                           /* xFindFunction */
+      0,                           /* xRename       */
+      0,                           /* xSavepoint    */
+      0,                           /* xRelease      */
+      0,                           /* xRollbackTo   */
+      0,                           /* xShadowName   */
+      0                            /* xIntegrity    */
+    };
+    rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "fts5_structure", &fts5structure_module, 0);
+  }
   return rc;
 #else
   return SQLITE_OK;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_main.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_main.c
index 13921ce4..6e86ca59 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_main.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_main.c
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@ struct Fts5FullTable {
   Fts5Storage *pStorage;          /* Document store */
   Fts5Global *pGlobal;            /* Global (connection wide) data */
   Fts5Cursor *pSortCsr;           /* Sort data from this cursor */
+  int iSavepoint;                 /* Successful xSavepoint()+1 */
+  int bInSavepoint;
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
   struct Fts5TransactionState ts;
 #endif
@@ -405,6 +407,13 @@ static int fts5InitVtab(
     pConfig->pzErrmsg = 0;
   }
 
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL ){
+    rc = sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT, (int)1);
+  }
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS);
+  }
+
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
     fts5FreeVtab(pTab);
     pTab = 0;
@@ -1329,6 +1338,9 @@ static int fts5FilterMethod(
     pCsr->iFirstRowid = fts5GetRowidLimit(pRowidGe, SMALLEST_INT64);
   }
 
+  rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexLoadConfig(pTab->p.pIndex);
+  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto filter_out;
+
   if( pTab->pSortCsr ){
     /* If pSortCsr is non-NULL, then this call is being made as part of 
     ** processing for a "... MATCH <expr> ORDER BY rank" query (ePlan is
@@ -1351,6 +1363,7 @@ static int fts5FilterMethod(
     pCsr->pExpr = pTab->pSortCsr->pExpr;
     rc = fts5CursorFirst(pTab, pCsr, bDesc);
   }else if( pCsr->pExpr ){
+    assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
     rc = fts5CursorParseRank(pConfig, pCsr, pRank);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       if( bOrderByRank ){
@@ -1522,6 +1535,7 @@ static int fts5SpecialInsert(
   Fts5Config *pConfig = pTab->p.pConfig;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   int bError = 0;
+  int bLoadConfig = 0;
 
   if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp("delete-all", zCmd) ){
     if( pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL ){
@@ -1533,6 +1547,7 @@ static int fts5SpecialInsert(
     }else{
       rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageDeleteAll(pTab->pStorage);
     }
+    bLoadConfig = 1;
   }else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp("rebuild", zCmd) ){
     if( pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NONE ){
       fts5SetVtabError(pTab, 
@@ -1542,6 +1557,7 @@ static int fts5SpecialInsert(
     }else{
       rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageRebuild(pTab->pStorage);
     }
+    bLoadConfig = 1;
   }else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp("optimize", zCmd) ){
     rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageOptimize(pTab->pStorage);
   }else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp("merge", zCmd) ){
@@ -1554,6 +1570,8 @@ static int fts5SpecialInsert(
   }else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp("prefix-index", zCmd) ){
     pConfig->bPrefixIndex = sqlite3_value_int(pVal);
 #endif
+  }else if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp("flush", zCmd) ){
+    rc = sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk(&pTab->p);
   }else{
     rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexLoadConfig(pTab->p.pIndex);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -1567,6 +1585,12 @@ static int fts5SpecialInsert(
       }
     }
   }
+
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bLoadConfig ){
+    pTab->p.pConfig->iCookie--;
+    rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexLoadConfig(pTab->p.pIndex);
+  }
+
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -1624,7 +1648,6 @@ static int fts5UpdateMethod(
   int eType0;                     /* value_type() of apVal[0] */
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return code */
   int bUpdateOrDelete = 0;
-  
 
   /* A transaction must be open when this is called. */
   assert( pTab->ts.eState==1 || pTab->ts.eState==2 );
@@ -1654,7 +1677,14 @@ static int fts5UpdateMethod(
     if( pConfig->eContent!=FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL 
       && 0==sqlite3_stricmp("delete", z) 
     ){
-      rc = fts5SpecialDelete(pTab, apVal);
+      if( pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
+        fts5SetVtabError(pTab, 
+            "'delete' may not be used with a contentless_delete=1 table"
+        );
+        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+      }else{
+        rc = fts5SpecialDelete(pTab, apVal);
+      }
     }else{
       rc = fts5SpecialInsert(pTab, z, apVal[2 + pConfig->nCol + 1]);
     }
@@ -1671,7 +1701,7 @@ static int fts5UpdateMethod(
     ** Cases 3 and 4 may violate the rowid constraint.
     */
     int eConflict = SQLITE_ABORT;
-    if( pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL ){
+    if( pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NORMAL || pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
       eConflict = sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(pConfig->db);
     }
 
@@ -1679,8 +1709,12 @@ static int fts5UpdateMethod(
     assert( nArg!=1 || eType0==SQLITE_INTEGER );
 
     /* Filter out attempts to run UPDATE or DELETE on contentless tables.
-    ** This is not suported.  */
-    if( eType0==SQLITE_INTEGER && fts5IsContentless(pTab) ){
+    ** This is not suported. Except - they are both supported if the CREATE
+    ** VIRTUAL TABLE statement contained "contentless_delete=1". */
+    if( eType0==SQLITE_INTEGER 
+     && pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NONE 
+     && pConfig->bContentlessDelete==0
+    ){
       pTab->p.base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf(
           "cannot %s contentless fts5 table: %s", 
           (nArg>1 ? "UPDATE" : "DELETE from"), pConfig->zName
@@ -1704,7 +1738,8 @@ static int fts5UpdateMethod(
       }
 
       else if( eType0!=SQLITE_INTEGER ){     
-        /* If this is a REPLACE, first remove the current entry (if any) */
+        /* An INSERT statement. If the conflict-mode is REPLACE, first remove
+        ** the current entry (if any). */
         if( eConflict==SQLITE_REPLACE && eType1==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
           i64 iNew = sqlite3_value_int64(apVal[1]);  /* Rowid to delete */
           rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageDelete(pTab->pStorage, iNew, 0);
@@ -1767,8 +1802,7 @@ static int fts5SyncMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
   Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)pVtab;
   fts5CheckTransactionState(pTab, FTS5_SYNC, 0);
   pTab->p.pConfig->pzErrmsg = &pTab->p.base.zErrMsg;
-  fts5TripCursors(pTab);
-  rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageSync(pTab->pStorage);
+  rc = sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk(&pTab->p);
   pTab->p.pConfig->pzErrmsg = 0;
   return rc;
 }
@@ -2535,6 +2569,12 @@ static int fts5ColumnMethod(
       sqlite3_result_value(pCtx, sqlite3_column_value(pCsr->pStmt, iCol+1));
     }
     pConfig->pzErrmsg = 0;
+  }else if( pConfig->bContentlessDelete && sqlite3_vtab_nochange(pCtx) ){
+    char *zErr = sqlite3_mprintf("cannot UPDATE a subset of "
+        "columns on fts5 contentless-delete table: %s", pConfig->zName
+    );
+    sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, zErr, -1);
+    sqlite3_free(zErr);
   }
   return rc;
 }
@@ -2573,8 +2613,12 @@ static int fts5RenameMethod(
   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,            /* Virtual table handle */
   const char *zName               /* New name of table */
 ){
+  int rc;
   Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)pVtab;
-  return sqlite3Fts5StorageRename(pTab->pStorage, zName);
+  pTab->bInSavepoint = 1;
+  rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageRename(pTab->pStorage, zName);
+  pTab->bInSavepoint = 0;
+  return rc;
 }
 
 int sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk(Fts5Table *pTab){
@@ -2588,9 +2632,29 @@ int sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk(Fts5Table *pTab){
 ** Flush the contents of the pending-terms table to disk.
 */
 static int fts5SavepointMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
-  UNUSED_PARAM(iSavepoint);  /* Call below is a no-op for NDEBUG builds */
-  fts5CheckTransactionState((Fts5FullTable*)pVtab, FTS5_SAVEPOINT, iSavepoint);
-  return sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk((Fts5Table*)pVtab);
+  Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)pVtab;
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  char *zSql = 0;
+  fts5CheckTransactionState(pTab, FTS5_SAVEPOINT, iSavepoint);
+
+  if( pTab->bInSavepoint==0 ){
+    zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO %Q.%Q(%Q) VALUES('flush')",
+        pTab->p.pConfig->zDb, pTab->p.pConfig->zName, pTab->p.pConfig->zName
+    );
+    if( zSql ){
+      pTab->bInSavepoint = 1;
+      rc = sqlite3_exec(pTab->p.pConfig->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
+      pTab->bInSavepoint = 0;
+      sqlite3_free(zSql);
+    }else{
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      pTab->iSavepoint = iSavepoint+1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2599,9 +2663,16 @@ static int fts5SavepointMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
 ** This is a no-op.
 */
 static int fts5ReleaseMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
-  UNUSED_PARAM(iSavepoint);  /* Call below is a no-op for NDEBUG builds */
-  fts5CheckTransactionState((Fts5FullTable*)pVtab, FTS5_RELEASE, iSavepoint);
-  return sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk((Fts5Table*)pVtab);
+  Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)pVtab;
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  fts5CheckTransactionState(pTab, FTS5_RELEASE, iSavepoint);
+  if( (iSavepoint+1)<pTab->iSavepoint ){
+    rc = sqlite3Fts5FlushToDisk(&pTab->p);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      pTab->iSavepoint = iSavepoint;
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2611,11 +2682,14 @@ static int fts5ReleaseMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
 */
 static int fts5RollbackToMethod(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int iSavepoint){
   Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)pVtab;
-  UNUSED_PARAM(iSavepoint);  /* Call below is a no-op for NDEBUG builds */
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   fts5CheckTransactionState(pTab, FTS5_ROLLBACKTO, iSavepoint);
   fts5TripCursors(pTab);
   pTab->p.pConfig->pgsz = 0;
-  return sqlite3Fts5StorageRollback(pTab->pStorage);
+  if( (iSavepoint+1)<=pTab->iSavepoint ){
+    rc = sqlite3Fts5StorageRollback(pTab->pStorage);
+  }
+  return rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2835,9 +2909,46 @@ static int fts5ShadowName(const char *zName){
   return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+** Run an integrity check on the FTS5 data structures.  Return a string
+** if anything is found amiss.  Return a NULL pointer if everything is
+** OK.
+*/
+static int fts5Integrity(
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,    /* the FTS5 virtual table to check */
+  const char *zSchema,    /* Name of schema in which this table lives */
+  const char *zTabname,   /* Name of the table itself */
+  int isQuick,            /* True if this is a quick-check */
+  char **pzErr            /* Write error message here */
+){
+  Fts5FullTable *pTab = (Fts5FullTable*)pVtab;
+  Fts5Config *pConfig = pTab->p.pConfig;
+  char *zSql;
+  char *zErr = 0;
+  int rc;
+  assert( pzErr!=0 && *pzErr==0 );
+  UNUSED_PARAM(isQuick);
+  zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(
+            "INSERT INTO \"%w\".\"%w\"(\"%w\") VALUES('integrity-check');",
+            zSchema, zTabname, pConfig->zName);
+  if( zSql==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  rc = sqlite3_exec(pConfig->db, zSql, 0, 0, &zErr);
+  sqlite3_free(zSql);
+  if( (rc&0xff)==SQLITE_CORRUPT ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("malformed inverted index for FTS5 table %s.%s",
+                zSchema, zTabname);
+  }else if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("unable to validate the inverted index for"
+                             " FTS5 table %s.%s: %s",
+                zSchema, zTabname, zErr);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(zErr);
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
 static int fts5Init(sqlite3 *db){
   static const sqlite3_module fts5Mod = {
-    /* iVersion      */ 3,
+    /* iVersion      */ 4,
     /* xCreate       */ fts5CreateMethod,
     /* xConnect      */ fts5ConnectMethod,
     /* xBestIndex    */ fts5BestIndexMethod,
@@ -2860,7 +2971,8 @@ static int fts5Init(sqlite3 *db){
     /* xSavepoint    */ fts5SavepointMethod,
     /* xRelease      */ fts5ReleaseMethod,
     /* xRollbackTo   */ fts5RollbackToMethod,
-    /* xShadowName   */ fts5ShadowName
+    /* xShadowName   */ fts5ShadowName,
+    /* xIntegrity    */ fts5Integrity
   };
 
   int rc;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_storage.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_storage.c
index 02b98d9e..9480da7c 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_storage.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_storage.c
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ static int fts5StorageGetStmt(
       "INSERT INTO %Q.'%q_content' VALUES(%s)",         /* INSERT_CONTENT  */
       "REPLACE INTO %Q.'%q_content' VALUES(%s)",        /* REPLACE_CONTENT */
       "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_content' WHERE id=?",         /* DELETE_CONTENT  */
-      "REPLACE INTO %Q.'%q_docsize' VALUES(?,?)",       /* REPLACE_DOCSIZE  */
+      "REPLACE INTO %Q.'%q_docsize' VALUES(?,?%s)",     /* REPLACE_DOCSIZE  */
       "DELETE FROM %Q.'%q_docsize' WHERE id=?",         /* DELETE_DOCSIZE  */
 
-      "SELECT sz FROM %Q.'%q_docsize' WHERE id=?",      /* LOOKUP_DOCSIZE  */
+      "SELECT sz%s FROM %Q.'%q_docsize' WHERE id=?",    /* LOOKUP_DOCSIZE  */
 
       "REPLACE INTO %Q.'%q_config' VALUES(?,?)",        /* REPLACE_CONFIG */
       "SELECT %s FROM %s AS T",                         /* SCAN */
@@ -128,6 +128,19 @@ static int fts5StorageGetStmt(
         break;
       }
 
+      case FTS5_STMT_REPLACE_DOCSIZE: 
+        zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(azStmt[eStmt], pC->zDb, pC->zName,
+          (pC->bContentlessDelete ? ",?" : "")
+        );
+        break;
+
+      case FTS5_STMT_LOOKUP_DOCSIZE: 
+        zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(azStmt[eStmt], 
+            (pC->bContentlessDelete ? ",origin" : ""),
+            pC->zDb, pC->zName
+        );
+        break;
+
       default:
         zSql = sqlite3_mprintf(azStmt[eStmt], pC->zDb, pC->zName);
         break;
@@ -317,9 +330,11 @@ int sqlite3Fts5StorageOpen(
     }
 
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pConfig->bColumnsize ){
-      rc = sqlite3Fts5CreateTable(
-          pConfig, "docsize", "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, sz BLOB", 0, pzErr
-      );
+      const char *zCols = "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, sz BLOB";
+      if( pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
+        zCols = "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, sz BLOB, origin INTEGER";
+      }
+      rc = sqlite3Fts5CreateTable(pConfig, "docsize", zCols, 0, pzErr);
     }
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       rc = sqlite3Fts5CreateTable(
@@ -396,7 +411,7 @@ static int fts5StorageDeleteFromIndex(
 ){
   Fts5Config *pConfig = p->pConfig;
   sqlite3_stmt *pSeek = 0;        /* SELECT to read row iDel from %_data */
-  int rc;                         /* Return code */
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return code */
   int rc2;                        /* sqlite3_reset() return code */
   int iCol;
   Fts5InsertCtx ctx;
@@ -412,7 +427,6 @@ static int fts5StorageDeleteFromIndex(
 
   ctx.pStorage = p;
   ctx.iCol = -1;
-  rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexBeginWrite(p->pIndex, 1, iDel);
   for(iCol=1; rc==SQLITE_OK && iCol<=pConfig->nCol; iCol++){
     if( pConfig->abUnindexed[iCol-1]==0 ){
       const char *zText;
@@ -449,6 +463,37 @@ static int fts5StorageDeleteFromIndex(
   return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** This function is called to process a DELETE on a contentless_delete=1
+** table. It adds the tombstone required to delete the entry with rowid 
+** iDel. If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Or, if an error occurs,
+** an SQLite error code.
+*/
+static int fts5StorageContentlessDelete(Fts5Storage *p, i64 iDel){
+  i64 iOrigin = 0;
+  sqlite3_stmt *pLookup = 0;
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+  assert( p->pConfig->bContentlessDelete );
+  assert( p->pConfig->eContent==FTS5_CONTENT_NONE );
+
+  /* Look up the origin of the document in the %_docsize table. Store
+  ** this in stack variable iOrigin.  */
+  rc = fts5StorageGetStmt(p, FTS5_STMT_LOOKUP_DOCSIZE, &pLookup, 0);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    sqlite3_bind_int64(pLookup, 1, iDel);
+    if( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pLookup) ){
+      iOrigin = sqlite3_column_int64(pLookup, 1);
+    }
+    rc = sqlite3_reset(pLookup);
+  }
+
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && iOrigin!=0 ){
+    rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexContentlessDelete(p->pIndex, iOrigin, iDel);
+  }
+
+  return rc;
+}
 
 /*
 ** Insert a record into the %_docsize table. Specifically, do:
@@ -469,10 +514,17 @@ static int fts5StorageInsertDocsize(
     rc = fts5StorageGetStmt(p, FTS5_STMT_REPLACE_DOCSIZE, &pReplace, 0);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       sqlite3_bind_int64(pReplace, 1, iRowid);
-      sqlite3_bind_blob(pReplace, 2, pBuf->p, pBuf->n, SQLITE_STATIC);
-      sqlite3_step(pReplace);
-      rc = sqlite3_reset(pReplace);
-      sqlite3_bind_null(pReplace, 2);
+      if( p->pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
+        i64 iOrigin = 0;
+        rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexGetOrigin(p->pIndex, &iOrigin);
+        sqlite3_bind_int64(pReplace, 3, iOrigin);
+      }
+      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+        sqlite3_bind_blob(pReplace, 2, pBuf->p, pBuf->n, SQLITE_STATIC);
+        sqlite3_step(pReplace);
+        rc = sqlite3_reset(pReplace);
+        sqlite3_bind_null(pReplace, 2);
+      }
     }
   }
   return rc;
@@ -536,7 +588,15 @@ int sqlite3Fts5StorageDelete(Fts5Storage *p, i64 iDel, sqlite3_value **apVal){
 
   /* Delete the index records */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    rc = fts5StorageDeleteFromIndex(p, iDel, apVal);
+    rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexBeginWrite(p->pIndex, 1, iDel);
+  }
+
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    if( p->pConfig->bContentlessDelete ){
+      rc = fts5StorageContentlessDelete(p, iDel);
+    }else{
+      rc = fts5StorageDeleteFromIndex(p, iDel, apVal);
+    }
   }
 
   /* Delete the %_docsize record */
@@ -1124,7 +1184,9 @@ int sqlite3Fts5StorageSync(Fts5Storage *p){
   i64 iLastRowid = sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(p->pConfig->db);
   if( p->bTotalsValid ){
     rc = fts5StorageSaveTotals(p);
-    p->bTotalsValid = 0;
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      p->bTotalsValid = 0;
+    }
   }
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     rc = sqlite3Fts5IndexSync(p->pIndex);
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_test_tok.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_test_tok.c
index a5d839da..994d304d 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_test_tok.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_test_tok.c
@@ -472,7 +472,8 @@ int sqlite3Fts5TestRegisterTok(sqlite3 *db, fts5_api *pApi){
      0,                           /* xSavepoint    */
      0,                           /* xRelease      */
      0,                           /* xRollbackTo   */
-     0                            /* xShadowName   */
+     0,                           /* xShadowName   */
+     0                            /* xIntegrity    */
   };
   int rc;                         /* Return code */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_vocab.c b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_vocab.c
index 18774c4e..d738ada3 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_vocab.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/fts5_vocab.c
@@ -783,7 +783,8 @@ int sqlite3Fts5VocabInit(Fts5Global *pGlobal, sqlite3 *db){
     /* xSavepoint    */ 0,
     /* xRelease      */ 0,
     /* xRollbackTo   */ 0,
-    /* xShadowName   */ 0
+    /* xShadowName   */ 0,
+    /* xIntegrity    */ 0
   };
   void *p = (void*)pGlobal;
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aa.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aa.test
index 59ce4f6a..e1551fc5 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aa.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aa.test
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ foreach w {a b c d e f} {
 
 do_execsql_test 2.4 {
   INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
-}
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t1);
+} {ok ok}
 
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ foreach {i x y} {
 } {
   do_execsql_test 3.$i.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES($x, $y) }
   do_execsql_test 3.$i.2 { INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check') }
+  do_execsql_test 3.$i.3 { PRAGMA integrity_check(t1) } ok
   if {[set_test_counter errors]} break
 }
 
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ foreach {i x y} {
    10 {ddd abcde dddd dd c} {dddd c c d abcde}
 } {
   do_execsql_test 5.$i.1 { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES($x, $y) }
-  do_execsql_test 5.$i.2 { INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check') }
+  do_execsql_test 5.$i.2 { PRAGMA integrity_check(t1) } ok
   if {[set_test_counter errors]} break
 }
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aux.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aux.test
index 561067c4..b5a13aea 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aux.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5aux.test
@@ -307,5 +307,31 @@ do_catchsql_test 10.1.4 {
   SELECT group_concat(firstcol(t1), '.') FROM t1 GROUP BY rowid
 } {1 {unable to use function firstcol in the requested context}}
 
-finish_test
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test that xInstCount() works from within an xPhraseQuery() callback.
+#
+reset_db
+
+proc xCallback {cmd} {
+  incr ::hitcount [$cmd xInstCount]
+  return SQLITE_OK
+}
+proc fts5_hitcount {cmd} {
+  set ::hitcount 0
+  $cmd xQueryPhrase 0 xCallback
+  return $::hitcount
+}
+sqlite3_fts5_create_function db fts5_hitcount fts5_hitcount
+
+do_execsql_test 11.1 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(z);
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('one two three');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('one two one three one');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('one two three');
+}
 
+do_execsql_test 11.2 {
+  SELECT fts5_hitcount(x1) FROM x1('one') LIMIT 1;
+} {5}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5bigid.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5bigid.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ae20ec64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5bigid.test
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# 2023 May 28
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#*************************************************************************
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5bigid
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is not defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+set nRow 20000
+
+proc do_ascdesc_test {tn query} {
+  set ::lAsc  [db eval { SELECT rowid FROM x1($query) }] 
+  set ::lDesc [db eval { SELECT rowid FROM x1($query) ORDER BY rowid DESC }] 
+  do_test $tn.1 { lsort -integer $::lAsc } $::lAsc
+  do_test $tn.2 { lsort -integer -decr $::lDesc } $::lDesc
+  do_test $tn.3 { lsort -integer $::lDesc } $::lAsc
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(a);
+}
+
+do_test 1.1 {
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $nRow} {incr ii} {
+    db eval {
+      REPLACE INTO x1(rowid, a) VALUES(random(), 'movement at the station');
+    }
+  }
+} {}
+
+do_ascdesc_test 1.2 "the"
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  DELETE FROM x1
+}
+
+do_test 1.4 {
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $nRow} {incr ii} {
+    db eval {
+      INSERT INTO x1(rowid, a) VALUES(
+          $ii + 0x6FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, 'movement at the station'
+      );
+    }
+  }
+} {}
+
+do_ascdesc_test 1.5 "movement"
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5conflict.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5conflict.test
index 644db53a..b5bf0a11 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5conflict.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5conflict.test
@@ -65,4 +65,44 @@ do_execsql_test 2.1 {
   INSERT INTO fts_idx(fts_idx) VALUES('integrity-check');
 }
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Tests for OR IGNORE conflict handling.
+#
+reset_db
+foreach_detail_mode $::testprefix {
+
+  do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(xyz, detail=%DETAIL%);
+
+    BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, xyz) VALUES(13, 'thirteen documents');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, xyz) VALUES(14, 'fourteen documents');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, xyz) VALUES(15, 'fifteen documents');
+    COMMIT;
+  }
+
+  set db_cksum [cksum]
+    foreach {tn sql} {
+    1 {
+      INSERT OR IGNORE INTO t1(rowid, xyz) VALUES(14, 'new text');
+    }
+    2 {
+      UPDATE OR IGNORE t1 SET rowid=13 WHERE rowid=15;
+    }
+    3 {
+      INSERT OR IGNORE INTO t1(rowid, xyz) 
+      SELECT 13, 'some text'
+      UNION ALL
+      SELECT 14, 'some text'
+      UNION ALL
+      SELECT 15, 'some text'
+    }
+  } {
+    do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.1 $sql
+    do_test 3.1.$tn.2 { cksum } $db_cksum
+  }
+
+}
+
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5content.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5content.test
index 74a74e2a..ca2726a9 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5content.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5content.test
@@ -294,4 +294,3 @@ do_catchsql_test 7.2.5 {
 } {1 {recursively defined fts5 content table}}
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48cfd10f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless.test
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+# 2014 Dec 20
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# This file contains tests for the content= and content_rowid= options.
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5contentless
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+# Check that it is not possible to specify "contentless_delete=1" for 
+# anything other than a contentless table.
+#
+set res(0) {0 {}}
+set res(1) {1 {contentless_delete=1 requires a contentless table}}
+foreach {tn sql bError} {
+  1 "(a, b, contentless_delete=1)"              1
+  2 "(a, b, contentless_delete=1, content=abc)" 1
+  3 "(a, b, contentless_delete=1, content=)"    0
+  4 "(content=, contentless_delete=1, a)"       0
+  5 "(content='', contentless_delete=1, hello)" 0
+} {
+  execsql { BEGIN }
+  do_catchsql_test 1.$tn "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5 $sql" $res($bError)
+  execsql { ROLLBACK }
+}
+
+# Check that it is not possible to specify "contentless_delete=1" 
+# along with columnsize=1. 
+#
+set res(0) {0 {}}
+set res(1) {1 {contentless_delete=1 is incompatible with columnsize=0}}
+foreach {tn sql bError} {
+  2 "(a, b, content='', contentless_delete=1, columnsize=0)" 1 
+} {
+  execsql { BEGIN }
+  do_catchsql_test 1.$tn "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5 $sql" $res($bError)
+  execsql { ROLLBACK }
+}
+
+# Check that if contentless_delete=1 is specified, then the "origin" 
+# column is added to the %_docsize table.
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(c, content='');
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x2 USING fts5(c, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+}
+do_execsql_test 3.1 {
+  SELECT sql FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name IN ('x1_docsize', 'x2_docsize');
+} {
+  {CREATE TABLE 'x1_docsize'(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, sz BLOB)} 
+  {CREATE TABLE 'x2_docsize'(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, sz BLOB, origin INTEGER)}
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.2.1 {
+  SELECT hex(block) FROM x1_data WHERE id=10
+} {00000000000000}
+do_execsql_test 3.2.2 {
+  SELECT hex(block) FROM x2_data WHERE id=10
+} {00000000FF000001000000}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.3 {
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('first text');
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('second text');
+}
+do_execsql_test 3.4 {
+  SELECT id, origin FROM x2_docsize
+} {1 1 2 2}
+do_execsql_test 3.5 {
+  SELECT level, segment, loc1, loc2 FROM fts5_structure(
+    (SELECT block FROM x2_data WHERE id=10)
+  )
+} {
+  0 0   1 1
+  0 1   2 2
+}
+do_execsql_test 3.6 {
+  INSERT INTO x2(x2) VALUES('optimize');
+}
+do_execsql_test 3.7 {
+  SELECT level, segment, loc1, loc2 FROM fts5_structure(
+    (SELECT block FROM x2_data WHERE id=10)
+  )
+} {
+  1 0   1 2
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.8 {
+  DELETE FROM x2 WHERE rowid=2;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.9 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM x2('text')
+} {1}
+
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+proc document {n} {
+  set vocab [list A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z]
+  set ret [list]
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $n} {incr ii} {
+    lappend ret [lindex $vocab [expr int(rand()*[llength $vocab])]]
+  }
+  set ret
+}
+
+set nRow 1000
+
+do_execsql_test 4.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(x);
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 100);
+}
+do_test 4.1 {
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $nRow} {incr ii} {
+    set doc [document 6]
+    execsql {
+      INSERT INTO t1 VALUES($doc);
+      INSERT INTO ft VALUES($doc);
+    }
+  }
+} {}
+
+foreach v {A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z} {
+  set L1 [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE x LIKE '%'||$v||'%'}]
+  set L2 [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM ft($v)}]
+  do_test 4.2.$v { set L1 } $L2
+}
+
+do_test 4.3 {
+  for {set ii 1} {$ii < $nRow} {incr ii 2} { 
+    execsql {
+       DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=$ii;
+       DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$ii;
+    }
+  }
+} {}
+
+foreach v {A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z} {
+  set L1 [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE x LIKE '%'||$v||'%'}]
+  set L2 [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM ft($v)}]
+  do_test 4.4.$v { set L1 } $L2
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 4.5 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft) VALUES('optimize');
+} {}
+
+foreach v {A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z} {
+  set L1 [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE x LIKE '%'||$v||'%'}]
+  set L2 [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM ft($v)}]
+  do_test 4.6.$v { set L1 } $L2
+}
+
+#execsql_pp { SELECT fts5_decode(id, block) FROM ft_data }
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 5.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(1, 'one two three');
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(2, 'one two four');
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(3, 'one two five');
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(4, 'one two seven');
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(5, 'one two eight');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.1 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=2
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.2 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft
+} {1 3 4 5}
+
+do_catchsql_test 5.3 {
+  UPDATE ft SET x='four six' WHERE rowid=3
+} {0 {}}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.4 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('one');
+} {1 4 5}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.5 {
+  REPLACE INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(3, 'four six');
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('one');
+} {1 4 5}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.6 {
+  REPLACE INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(6, 'one two eleven');
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('one');
+} {1 4 5 6}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 6.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(1, 'one two three');
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(2, 'one two four');
+}
+
+do_test 6.1 {
+  db eval { SELECT rowid FROM ft('one two') } {
+    if {$rowid==1} {
+      db eval { INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(3, 'one two four') }
+    }
+  }
+} {}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 7.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+}
+
+set lRowid [list -450 0 1 2 42]
+
+do_test 7.1 {
+  execsql BEGIN
+  foreach r $lRowid {
+    execsql { INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES($r, 'one one one'); }
+  }
+  execsql COMMIT
+} {}
+
+do_test 7.2 {
+  execsql BEGIN
+  foreach r $lRowid {
+    execsql { REPLACE INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES($r, 'two two two'); }
+  }
+  execsql COMMIT
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 7.3 { SELECT rowid FROM ft('one'); } {}
+do_execsql_test 7.4 { SELECT rowid FROM ft('two'); } $lRowid
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 8.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('hello world');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('one two three');
+}
+
+do_catchsql_test 8.1 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rowid, x) VALUES('delete', 1, 'hello world');
+} {1 {'delete' may not be used with a contentless_delete=1 table}}
+
+do_execsql_test 8.2 {
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) VALUES(3, 'four four four');
+    DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=3;
+  COMMIT;
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('four');
+} {}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless2.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless2.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fdd7a60f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless2.test
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+# 2023 July 19
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# This file contains tests for the content= and content_rowid= options.
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5contentless2
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+proc vocab {} {
+  list aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff ggg hhh iii jjj kkk lll mmm nnn ooo ppp
+}
+
+proc document {nToken} {
+  set doc [list]
+  set vocab [vocab]
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $nToken} {incr ii} {
+    lappend doc [lindex $vocab [expr int(rand()*[llength $vocab])]]
+  }
+  set doc
+}
+db func document document
+
+proc contains {doc token} {
+  expr {[lsearch $doc $token]>=0}
+}
+db func contains contains
+
+proc do_compare_tables_test {tn} {
+  uplevel [list do_test $tn {
+    foreach v [vocab] {
+      set l1 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE contains(doc, $v) }]
+      set l2 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t2($v) }]
+      if {$l1!=$l2} { error "1: query mismatch ($l1) ($l2)" }
+
+      set w "[string range $v 0 1]*"
+      set l1 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE contains(doc, $w) }]
+      set l2 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t2($w) }]
+      if {$l1!=$l2} { error "2: query mismatch ($l1) ($l2)" }
+
+      set w "[string range $v 0 0]*"
+      set l1 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE contains(doc, $w) }]
+      set l2 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t2($w) }]
+      if {$l1!=$l2} { error "2: query mismatch ($l1) ($l2)" }
+
+      set l1 [execsql { 
+        SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE contains(doc, $v) ORDER BY rowid DESC 
+      }]
+      set l2 [execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t2($v) ORDER BY rowid DESC }]
+      if {$l1!=$l2} { error "1: query mismatch ($l1) ($l2)" }
+    }
+    set {} {}
+  } {}]
+}
+
+proc lshuffle {in} {
+  set L [list]
+  set ret [list]
+  foreach elem $in { lappend L [list [expr rand()] $elem] }
+  foreach pair [lsort -index 0 $L] { lappend ret [lindex $pair 1] }
+  set ret
+}
+
+expr srand(0)
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5(
+      doc, prefix=2, content=, contentless_delete=1
+  );
+
+  CREATE TABLE t1(doc);
+  CREATE TRIGGER tr1 AFTER DELETE ON t1 BEGIN
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid = old.rowid;
+  END;
+}
+
+set SMALLEST64 -9223372036854775808
+set LARGEST64   9223372036854775807
+
+foreach {tn r1 r2} {
+  1   0               50
+  2   $SMALLEST64     $SMALLEST64+50
+  3   $LARGEST64-50   $LARGEST64
+  4   -50             -1
+} {
+  set r1 [expr $r1]
+  set r2 [expr $r2]
+
+  do_test 1.1.$tn {
+    execsql BEGIN
+    for {set ii $r1} {$ii <= $r2} {incr ii} {
+      execsql { INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES ($ii, document(8)); }
+    }
+    execsql COMMIT
+  } {}
+}
+do_test 1.2 {
+  db eval { SELECT rowid, doc FROM t1 } {
+    execsql { INSERT INTO t2(rowid, doc) VALUES($rowid, $doc) }
+  }
+} {}
+
+foreach {tn rowid} {
+  1  $SMALLEST64
+  2  0
+  3  -5
+  4  -30
+  5  $LARGEST64
+  6  $LARGEST64-1
+} {
+  set rowid [expr $rowid]
+  do_execsql_test 1.3.$tn.1 {
+    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$rowid
+  }
+  do_compare_tables_test 1.3.$tn.2
+}
+
+set iTest 1
+foreach r [lshuffle [execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1}]] {
+  if {($iTest % 50)==0} {
+    execsql { INSERT INTO t2(t2) VALUES('optimize') }
+  }
+  if {($iTest % 5)==0} {
+    execsql { INSERT INTO t2(t2, rank) VALUES('merge', 5) }
+  }
+  do_execsql_test 1.4.$iTest.1($r) {
+    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$r
+  }
+  do_compare_tables_test 1.4.$iTest.2
+  incr iTest
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.5 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1
+} {}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+db func document document
+
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5(doc, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<1000
+  )
+  INSERT INTO t2(rowid, doc) SELECT i, i || ' ' || i FROM s;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.1 {
+  BEGIN;
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid=32;
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid=64;
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid=96;
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid=128;
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid=160;
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE rowid=192;
+  COMMIT;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  SELECT * FROM t2('128');
+} {}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+foreach {tn step} {
+  1     3 
+  2     7
+  3     15
+} {
+  set step [expr $step]
+
+  reset_db
+  db func document document
+  do_execsql_test 3.$tn.0 {
+    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5(doc, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+    INSERT INTO t2(t2, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 100);
+    WITH s(i) AS (
+        SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<1000
+    )
+    INSERT INTO t2(rowid, doc) SELECT i, i || ' ' || i FROM s;
+  }
+  do_execsql_test 3.$tn.1 {
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE (rowid % $step)==0
+  }
+  do_execsql_test 3.$tn.2 {
+    SELECT * FROM t2( $step * 5 )
+  } {}
+}
+
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless3.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless3.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..76119dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless3.test
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# 2023 July 21
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# This file contains tests for the content= and content_rowid= options.
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5contentless3
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('one one one');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('two two two');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('three three three');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('four four four');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('five five five');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('six six six');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('seven seven seven');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('eight eight eight');
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES('nine nine nine');
+  COMMIT;
+
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=3;
+}
+
+proc myhex {hex} { binary decode hex $hex }
+db func myhex myhex
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  UPDATE ft_data SET block = 
+    myhex('04000000 00000001'                   ||
+          '01020304 01020304 01020304 01020304' ||
+          '01020304 01020304 01020304 01020304'
+    )
+  WHERE id = (SELECT max(id) FROM ft_data);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=1
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('two');
+} {2}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  UPDATE ft_data SET block = 
+    myhex('08000000 00000001'                                               ||
+      '0000000001020304 0000000001020304 0000000001020304 0000000001020304' ||
+      '0000000001020304 0000000001020304 0000000001020304 0000000001020304'
+    )
+  WHERE id = (SELECT max(id) FROM ft_data);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.4 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('two');
+} {2}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.5 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=4
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.6 {
+  UPDATE ft_data SET block = myhex('04000000 00000000')
+    WHERE id = (SELECT max(id) FROM ft_data);
+}
+do_execsql_test 1.7 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft('two');
+} {2}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.8 {
+  UPDATE ft_data SET block = myhex('04000000 00000000')
+    WHERE id = (SELECT max(id) FROM ft_data);
+}
+do_execsql_test 1.9 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=8
+} {}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('one one one');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('two two two');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('three three three');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('four four four');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('five five five');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('six six six');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('seven seven seven');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('eight eight eight');
+  INSERT INTO ft VALUES('nine nine nine');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.1 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft) VALUES('optimize');
+}
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data
+} {3}
+do_execsql_test 2.3 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=5
+}
+do_execsql_test 2.4 {
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data
+} {4}
+
+# Check that an 'optimize' works (rewrites the index) if there is a single
+# segment with one or more tombstone hash pages.
+do_execsql_test 2.5 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft) VALUES('optimize');
+}
+do_execsql_test 2.6 {
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data
+} {3}
+
+# Check that an 'optimize' is a no-op if there is a single segment
+# and no tombstone hash pages.
+do_execsql_test 2.7 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft) VALUES('optimize');
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft_data;
+} [db eval {SELECT rowid FROM ft_data}]
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 64);
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<1000
+  )
+  INSERT INTO ft(rowid, x) SELECT i, i||' '||i||' '||i||' '||i FROM s;
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft) VALUES('optimize');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.1 {
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data
+} {200}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.2 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE (rowid % 50)==0;
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data;
+} {203}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.3 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('merge', 500);
+  SELECT rowid FROM ft_data;
+} [db eval {SELECT rowid FROM ft_data}]
+
+do_execsql_test 3.4 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('merge', -1000);
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data;
+} {197}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.5 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE (rowid % 50)==1;
+  SELECT count(*) FROM ft_data;
+} {200}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.6 {
+  SELECT level, segment, npgtombstone FROM fts5_structure(
+    (SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10)
+  )
+} {1 0 3}
+
+do_test 3.6 {
+  while 1 {
+    set nChange [db total_changes]
+    execsql { INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('merge', -5) }
+    if {([db total_changes] - $nChange)<2} break
+  }
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.7 {
+  SELECT level, segment, npgtombstone FROM fts5_structure(
+    (SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10)
+  )
+} {2 0 0}
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless4.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless4.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..702b33a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless4.test
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+# 2023 July 21
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# This file contains tests for the content= and content_rowid= options.
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5contentless4
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+proc document {n} {
+  set vocab [list A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z]
+  set ret [list]
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $n} {incr ii} {
+    lappend ret [lindex $vocab [expr int(rand()*[llength $vocab])]]
+  }
+  set ret
+}
+db func document document
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 240);
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<1000
+  )
+  INSERT INTO ft SELECT document(12) FROM s;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft) VALUES('optimize');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  SELECT level, segment, nentry, nentrytombstone FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {0 0 1000 0}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid < 50
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.4 {
+  SELECT level, segment, nentry, nentrytombstone FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {0 0 1000 49}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.5 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid < 1000
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.6 {
+  SELECT level, segment, nentry, nentrytombstone FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {1 0 1 0}
+
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+db func document document
+
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+}
+
+do_test 2.1 {
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < 5000} {incr ii} {
+    execsql { INSERT INTO ft VALUES( document(12) ) }
+  }
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  SELECT sum(nentry) - sum(nentrytombstone) FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {5000}
+
+for {set ii 5000} {$ii >= 0} {incr ii -100} {
+  do_execsql_test 2.3.$ii {
+    DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid > $ii
+  }
+  do_execsql_test 2.3.$ii.2 {
+    SELECT 
+      CAST((total(nentry) - total(nentrytombstone)) AS integer) 
+    FROM 
+      fts5_structure( (SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10) )
+  } $ii
+}
+
+execsql_pp {
+  SELECT * FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+}
+
+do_test 2.4 {
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < 5000} {incr ii} {
+    execsql { INSERT INTO ft VALUES( document(12) ) }
+  }
+} {}
+
+for {set ii 1} {$ii <= 5000} {incr ii 10} {
+  do_execsql_test 2.3.$ii {
+    DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid = $ii;
+    INSERT INTO ft VALUES( document(12) );
+    INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('merge', -10);
+  }
+
+  do_execsql_test 2.3.$ii.2 {
+    SELECT 
+      CAST((total(nentry) - total(nentrytombstone)) AS integer) 
+    FROM 
+      fts5_structure( (SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10) )
+  } 5000
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+db func document document
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<100
+  )
+  INSERT INTO ft SELECT document(12) FROM s;
+}
+
+do_catchsql_test 3.1 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('deletemerge', 'text');
+} {1 {SQL logic error}}
+do_catchsql_test 3.2 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('deletemerge', 50);
+} {0 {}}
+do_execsql_test 3.3 {
+  SELECT * FROM ft_config WHERE k='deletemerge'
+} {deletemerge 50}
+do_catchsql_test 3.4 {
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('deletemerge', 101);
+} {0 {}}
+do_execsql_test 3.5 {
+  SELECT * FROM ft_config WHERE k='deletemerge'
+} {deletemerge 101}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.6 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid<95
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.7 {
+  SELECT nentrytombstone, nentry FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {94 100}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.8 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid=95
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.9 {
+  SELECT nentrytombstone, nentry FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {95 100}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.10 {
+  DELETE FROM ft;
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<100
+  )
+  INSERT INTO ft SELECT document(12) FROM s;
+  INSERT INTO ft(ft, rank) VALUES('deletemerge', 50);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.11 {
+  DELETE FROM ft WHERE rowid<95
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.12 {
+  SELECT nentrytombstone, nentry FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM ft_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {0 6}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+db func document document
+do_execsql_test 4.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts5(x, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO x1(x1, rank) VALUES('usermerge', 16);
+  INSERT INTO x1(x1, rank) VALUES('deletemerge', 40);
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('one');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('two');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('three');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('four');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('five');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('six');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('seven');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('eight');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('nine');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('ten');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 4.1 {
+  SELECT level, segment FROM fts5_structure((
+    SELECT block FROM x1_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {
+  0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9
+}
+
+for {set ii 1} {$ii < 4} {incr ii} {
+  do_execsql_test 4.2.$ii {
+    DELETE FROM x1 WHERE rowid = $ii;
+    INSERT INTO x1(x1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
+    SELECT level, segment FROM fts5_structure((
+          SELECT block FROM x1_data WHERE id=10
+    ))
+  } {
+    0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9
+  }
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 4.3 {
+  DELETE FROM x1 WHERE rowid = $ii;
+  INSERT INTO x1(x1, rank) VALUES('merge', 5);
+  SELECT level, segment, nentry FROM fts5_structure((
+        SELECT block FROM x1_data WHERE id=10
+  ))
+} {
+  1 0   6
+}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless5.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless5.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a20134d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless5.test
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# 2023 August 7
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# This file contains tests for the content= and content_rowid= options.
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5contentless5
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a, b, c, content='', contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('A', 'B', 'C');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('D', 'E', 'F');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('G', 'H', 'I');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.01 {
+  CREATE TABLE t2(x, y);
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('x', 'y');
+}
+
+# explain_i "UPDATE t1 SET a='a' WHERE t1.rowid=1"    
+breakpoint
+explain_i "UPDATE t1 SET a='a' FROM t2 WHERE t1.rowid=1 AND b IS NULL"     
+
+#breakpoint
+#explain_i "UPDATE t1 SET a='a' WHERE b IS NULL AND rowid=?"
+
+foreach {tn up err} {
+  1   "UPDATE t1 SET a='a', b='b', c='c' WHERE rowid=1"                  0
+  2   "UPDATE t1 SET a='a', b='b'        WHERE rowid=1"                  1
+  3   "UPDATE t1 SET        b='b', c='c' WHERE rowid=1"                  1
+  4   "UPDATE t1 SET a='a',        c='c' WHERE rowid=1"                  1
+  5   "UPDATE t1 SET a='a',        c='c' WHERE t1.rowid=1 AND b IS NULL" 1
+  6   "UPDATE t1 SET a='a' FROM t2 WHERE t1.rowid=1"                     1
+  7   "UPDATE t1 SET a='a', b='b', c='c' FROM t2 WHERE t1.rowid=1"       0
+} {
+
+  set res(0) {0 {}}
+  set res(1) {1 {cannot UPDATE a subset of columns on fts5 contentless-delete table: t1}}
+  do_catchsql_test 1.$tn $up $res($err)
+}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt.test
index 5f13513e..9aa84a0e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt.test
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ do_test 1.3 {
   }
   catchsql { INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check') }
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+do_execsql_test 1.3b {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t1);
+} {{malformed inverted index for FTS5 table main.t1}}
+
 
 do_test 1.4 {
   db_restore_and_reopen
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt2.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt2.test
index a815320b..06e2e742 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt2.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt2.test
@@ -167,6 +167,9 @@ foreach {tn hdr} {
       do_test 3.$tn.$tn2.2 {
         catchsql { INSERT INTO x3(x3) VALUES('integrity-check') }
       } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+      do_execsql_test 3.$tn.$tn2.3 {
+        PRAGMA integrity_check(x3);
+      } {{malformed inverted index for FTS5 table main.x3}}
     }
 
     execsql ROLLBACK
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt5.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt5.test
index 16682b13..efbe2e13 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt5.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt5.test
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #
 
 source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
-set testprefix fts5corrupt3
+set testprefix fts5corrupt5
 
 # If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
 ifcapable !fts5 {
@@ -793,6 +793,94 @@ do_catchsql_test 4.5 {
   REPLACE INTO t1(rowid,a,b,rowid) VALUES(200,1,2,3);
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_test 5.0 {
+  sqlite3 db {}
+  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
+.open --hexdb
+| size 28672 pagesize 4096 filename crash-0c6d3451d11597.db
+| page 1 offset 0
+|      0: 53 51 4c 69 74 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 33 00   SQLite format 3.
+|     16: 10 00 01 01 00 40 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07   .....@  ........
+|     32: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 04   ................
+|     96: 00 00 00 00 0d 00 00 00 07 0d d2 00 0f c4 0f 6d   ...............m
+|    112: 0f 02 0e ab 0e 4e 0d f6 0d d2 00 00 00 00 00 00   .....N..........
+|   3536: 00 00 22 07 06 17 11 11 01 31 74 61 62 6c 65 74   .........1tablet
+|   3552: 32 74 32 07 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45   2t2.CREATE TABLE
+|   3568: 20 74 32 28 78 29 56 06 06 17 1f 1f 01 7d 74 61    t2(x)V.......ta
+|   3584: 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 74 31 5f 63   blet1_configt1_c
+|   3600: 6f 6e 66 69 67 06 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42   onfig.CREATE TAB
+|   3616: 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 27 28 6b   LE 't1_config'(k
+|   3632: 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 76 29    PRIMARY KEY, v)
+|   3648: 20 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 5b 05    WITHOUT ROWID[.
+|   3664: 07 17 21 21 01 81 01 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 64   ..!!...tablet1_d
+|   3680: 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 74 31 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65   ocsizet1_docsize
+|   3696: 05 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74   .CREATE TABLE 't
+|   3712: 31 5f 64 6f 63 73 69 7a 65 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e   1_docsize'(id IN
+|   3728: 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45   TEGER PRIMARY KE
+|   3744: 59 2c 20 73 7a 20 42 4c 4f 42 29 55 04 06 17 21   Y, sz BLOB)U...!
+|   3760: 21 01 77 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65   !.wtablet1_conte
+|   3776: 6e 74 74 31 5f 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 04 43 52 45   ntt1_content.CRE
+|   3792: 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 63 6f   ATE TABLE 't1_co
+|   3808: 6e 74 65 6e 74 27 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54 45 47 45   ntent'(id INTEGE
+|   3824: 52 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 63   R PRIMARY KEY, c
+|   3840: 30 29 69 03 07 17 19 19 01 81 2d 74 61 62 6c 65   0)i.......-table
+|   3856: 74 31 5f 69 64 78 74 31 5f 69 64 78 03 43 52 45   t1_idxt1_idx.CRE
+|   3872: 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 69 64   ATE TABLE 't1_id
+|   3888: 78 27 28 73 65 67 69 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 2c 20   x'(segid, term, 
+|   3904: 70 67 6e 6f 2c 20 50 52 49 4d 41 52 59 20 4b 45   pgno, PRIMARY KE
+|   3920: 59 28 73 65 67 69 64 2c 20 74 65 72 6d 29 29 20   Y(segid, term)) 
+|   3936: 57 49 54 48 4f 55 54 20 52 4f 57 49 44 55 02 07   WITHOUT ROWIDU..
+|   3952: 17 1b 1b 01 81 01 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 5f 64 61   ......tablet1_da
+|   3968: 74 61 74 31 5f 64 61 74 61 02 43 52 45 41 54 45   tat1_data.CREATE
+|   3984: 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 27 74 31 5f 64 61 74 61 27    TABLE 't1_data'
+|   4000: 28 69 64 20 49 4e 54 45 47 45 52 20 50 52 49 4d   (id INTEGER PRIM
+|   4016: 41 52 b9 20 4b 45 59 2c 20 62 6c 6f 63 6b 20 42   AR. KEY, block B
+|   4032: 4c 4f 42 29 3a 01 06 17 11 11 08 63 74 61 62 6c   LOB):......ctabl
+|   4048: 65 74 31 74 31 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 56 49 52 54   et1t1CREATE VIRT
+|   4064: 55 41 4c 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 31 20 55 53 49   UAL TABLE t1 USI
+|   4080: 4e 47 20 66 74 73 35 28 63 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 29   NG fts5(content)
+| page 2 offset 4096
+|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f bd 00 0f e8 0f ef 0f bd 00 00   ................
+|     16: 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4016: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 84 80   .............$..
+|   4032: 80 80 80 01 03 00 4e 00 00 00 1e 06 30 61 62 61   ......N.....0aba
+|   4048: 63 6b 01 02 02 04 02 66 74 02 02 02 04 04 6e 64   ck.....ft.....nd
+|   4064: 6f 6e 03 02 02 04 0a 07 05 01 03 00 10 03 03 0f   on..............
+|   4080: 0a 03 00 24 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 11   ...$............
+| page 3 offset 8192
+|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 04 09 0c 01 02   ................
+| page 4 offset 12288
+|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f e0 00 0f f6 0f ec 0f e0 00 00   ................
+|   4064: 0a 03 03 00 1b 61 62 61 6e 64 6f 6e 08 02 03 00   .....abandon....
+|   4080: 17 61 62 61 66 74 08 01 03 00 17 61 62 61 63 6b   .abaft.....aback
+| page 5 offset 16384
+|      0: 0d 00 00 00 03 0f ee 00 0f fa 0f f4 0f ee 00 00   ................
+|     16: 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 03   ................
+|   4080: 03 00 0e 01 04 02 03 00 0e 01 04 01 03 00 0e 01   ................
+| page 6 offset 20480
+|      0: 0a 00 00 00 01 0f f4 00 0f f4 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4080: 00 00 00 00 0b 03 1b 01 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 04   ........version.
+| page 7 offset 24576
+|      0: 0d 00 00 10 03 0f d6 00 0f f4 10 e1 0f d6 00 00   ................
+|     16: 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 09 03 02 1b 72 65 62 75 69 6c   ..........rebuil
+|   4064: 64 11 02 02 2b 69 6e 74 65 67 72 69 74 79 2d 63   d...+integrity-c
+|   4080: 68 65 63 6b 0a 01 02 1d 6f 70 74 69 6d 00 00 00   heck....optim...
+| end crash-0c6d3451d11597.db
+}]} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.1 {
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1,rank) VALUES('secure-delete',1);
+}
+do_catchsql_test 5.4 {
+  UPDATE t1 SET content=randomblob(500);
+} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+
+
 sqlite3_fts5_may_be_corrupt 0
 finish_test
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt7.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt7.test
index 75995a7c..ae7f9da7 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt7.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt7.test
@@ -96,4 +96,33 @@ set r 137438953475
   db close
 }
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x);
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('abc');
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('b d d d');
+  COMMIT;
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', 1);
+}
+
+execsql_pp {
+  SELECT id, quote(block) FROM t1_data
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.1 {
+  SELECT quote(block) FROM t1_data WHERE id > 10;
+}        {X'0000001A04306162630102020101620202020101640206030303040806'}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  UPDATE t1_data SET 
+    block=X'0000001A04306162630102025501620202020101640206030303040806'
+  WHERE id>10
+}
+
+do_catchsql_test 2.3 {
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1
+} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5eb.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5eb.test
index ce40e471..0c775791 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5eb.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5eb.test
@@ -95,6 +95,9 @@ do_execsql_test 3.3 {
   SELECT rowid, bm25(e1) FROM e1 WHERE e1 MATCH '"/" OR "just"' ORDER BY rank;
 } {1 -1e-06}
 
+do_execsql_test 3.4 "
+  SELECT fts5_expr_tcl('e AND \" \"');
+" {{AND [nearset -- {e}] [{}]}}
 
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5faultF.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5faultF.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..96cc2b08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5faultF.test
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# 2023 July 20
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#*************************************************************************
+#
+# This file is focused on OOM errors. Particularly those that may occur
+# when using contentless_delete=1 databases.
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+source $testdir/malloc_common.tcl
+set testprefix fts5faultF
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is not defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+faultsim_save_and_close
+do_faultsim_test 1 -prep {
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+} -body {
+  execsql { 
+    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x, y, content=, contentless_delete=1) 
+  }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}} {1 {vtable constructor failed: t1}} 
+}
+
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(doc, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(1, 'a b c d');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(2, 'a b c d');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(3, 'a b c d');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(4, 'a b c d');
+  COMMIT;
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid IN (2, 4);
+}
+
+do_faultsim_test 2 -prep {
+  sqlite3 db test.db
+  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 }
+} -body {
+  execsql { 
+    SELECT rowid FROM t1('b c');
+  }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 3}}
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(doc, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(1, 'a b c d');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(2, 'a b c d');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(3, 'a b c d');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(4, 'a b c d');
+  COMMIT;
+}
+
+faultsim_save_and_close
+do_faultsim_test 3 -prep {
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 }
+} -body {
+  execsql { 
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) VALUES(5, 'a b c d');
+  }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 4.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(doc, content=, contentless_delete=1);
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 64);
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<1000
+  )
+  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, doc) SELECT i, 'a b c d' FROM s;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 4.1 { DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid <= 25 }
+
+faultsim_save_and_close
+do_faultsim_test 4 -faults oom-t* -prep {
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+  execsql { SELECT rowid FROM t1 }
+} -body {
+  execsql { 
+    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid < 100
+  }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
+}
+
+
+finish_test
+
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5faultG.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5faultG.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bdcc153a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5faultG.test
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# 2010 June 15
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+source $testdir/malloc_common.tcl
+set testprefix fts5faultG
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+set ::testprefix fts5faultG
+
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(a);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('test renaming the table');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(' after it has been written');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(' actually other stuff instead');
+}
+faultsim_save_and_close
+do_faultsim_test 1 -faults oom* -prep { 
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+  execsql {
+    BEGIN;
+      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=2;
+  }
+} -body {
+  execsql {
+    DELETE FROM t1;
+  }
+} -test {
+  catchsql { COMMIT }
+  faultsim_integrity_check
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
+}
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5integrity.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5integrity.test
index 40388308..f9851dc1 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5integrity.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5integrity.test
@@ -77,6 +77,9 @@ do_catchsql_test 4.2 {
     UPDATE aa_docsize SET sz = X'44' WHERE rowid = 3;
     INSERT INTO aa(aa) VALUES('integrity-check'); 
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+do_execsql_test 4.2.1 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(aa);
+} {{malformed inverted index for FTS5 table main.aa}}
 
 do_catchsql_test 4.3 { 
   ROLLBACK;
@@ -317,4 +320,39 @@ do_catchsql_test 10.5.3 {
   INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
 } {0 {}}
 
+reset_db
+proc slang {in} {return [string map {th d e eh} $in]}
+db function slang -deterministic -innocuous slang
+do_execsql_test 11.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b TEXT, c TEXT AS (slang(b)));
+  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES('the quick fox jumps over the lazy brown dog');
+  SELECT c FROM t1;
+} {{deh quick fox jumps ovehr deh lazy brown dog}}
+
+do_execsql_test 11.1 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5(content="t1", c);
+  INSERT INTO t2(t2) VALUES('rebuild');
+  SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'deh';
+} {1}
+
+do_execsql_test 11.2 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {ok}
+db close
+sqlite3 db test.db
+
+# FIX ME?
+#
+# FTS5 integrity-check does not care if the content table is unreadable or
+# does not exist.  It only looks for internal inconsistencies in the
+# inverted index.
+#
+do_execsql_test 11.3 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {ok}
+do_execsql_test 11.4 {
+  DROP TABLE t1;
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {ok}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5misc.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5misc.test
index da3f6526..d67d79e2 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5misc.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5misc.test
@@ -44,12 +44,12 @@ do_catchsql_test 1.2.2 {
 
 do_catchsql_test 1.3.1 { 
   SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*reads'); 
-} {1 {no such cursor: 1}}
+} {1 {no such cursor: 2}}
 
 do_catchsql_test 1.3.2 {
   SELECT a FROM t1
     WHERE rank = (SELECT highlight(t1, 4, '<b>', '</b>') FROM t1('*reads'));
-} {1 {no such cursor: 1}}
+} {1 {no such cursor: 2}}
 
 db close
 sqlite3 db test.db
@@ -424,10 +424,12 @@ do_execsql_test -db db2 15.3 {
   SAVEPOINT one;
 } {}
 do_execsql_test 15.4 END
-do_test 15.4 {
+do_test 15.5 {
   list [catch { db2 eval COMMIT } msg] $msg
 } {0 {}}
 
+db2 close
+
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 reset_db
 forcedelete test.db2
@@ -469,6 +471,8 @@ do_execsql_test -db db2 16.6 {
   SELECT * FROM x1
 } {abc def}
 
+db2 close
+
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 reset_db
 do_execsql_test 17.1 {
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize2.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize2.test
index a0782ee7..b0b28874 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize2.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize2.test
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #
 #***********************************************************************
 #
-# TESTRUNNER: slow
+# TESTRUNNER: superslow
 #
 
 source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
@@ -42,23 +42,4 @@ do_execsql_test 1.2 {
   SELECT count(*) FROM t1('mno')
 } $nLoop
 
-do_execsql_test 2.0 {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5(x);
-  INSERT INTO t2(t2, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 32);
-}
-
-do_test 2.1 {
-  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $nLoop} {incr ii} {
-    execsql {
-      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('abc def ghi');
-      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('jkl mno pqr');
-      INSERT INTO t2(t2, rank) VALUES('merge', -1);
-    }
-  }
-} {}
-
-do_execsql_test 2.2 {
-  SELECT count(*) FROM t2('mno')
-} $nLoop
-
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize3.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize3.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7b11b940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize3.test
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# 2023 Aug 27
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# TESTRUNNER: superslow
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+set testprefix fts5optimize2
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts5 {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+set nLoop 2500
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts5(x);
+  INSERT INTO t2(t2, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 32);
+}
+
+do_test 1.1 {
+  for {set ii 0} {$ii < $nLoop} {incr ii} {
+    execsql {
+      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('abc def ghi');
+      INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('jkl mno pqr');
+      INSERT INTO t2(t2, rank) VALUES('merge', -1);
+    }
+  }
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  SELECT count(*) FROM t2('mno')
+} $nLoop
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5rank.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5rank.test
index 22534e8e..8cf223f4 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5rank.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5rank.test
@@ -180,4 +180,28 @@ do_execsql_test 6.1 {
   {table table table} {the table names.} {rank on an fts5 table}
 }
 
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# forum post: https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/a2dd636330
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t USING fts5 (a, b);  
+  INSERT INTO t (a, b) VALUES ('data1', 'sentence1'), ('data2', 'sentence2'); 
+  INSERT INTO t(t, rank) VALUES ('rank', 'bm25(10.0,1.0)');
+}
+
+sqlite3 db2 test.db 
+do_execsql_test -db db2 1.1 {
+  SELECT *, rank<0.0 FROM t('data*') ORDER BY RANK;
+} {data1 sentence1 1 data2 sentence2 1}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  INSERT INTO t(t, rank) VALUES ('rank', 'bm25(10.0,1.0)');
+}
+do_execsql_test -db db2 1.3 {
+  SELECT *, rank<0.0 FROM t('data*') ORDER BY RANK;
+} {data1 sentence1 1 data2 sentence2 1}
+db2 close
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5savepoint.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5savepoint.test
index e431f9f5..11262227 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5savepoint.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5savepoint.test
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ ifcapable fts3 {
 
   do_catchsql_test 3.2 {
     DROP TABLE vt1;
-  } {1 {SQL logic error}}
+  } {0 {}}
 
   do_execsql_test 3.3 {
     SAVEPOINT x;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure.test
index 50d84cef..73149461 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure.test
@@ -273,6 +273,76 @@ do_execsql_test 5.3 {
 do_execsql_test 5.4 { SELECT rowid FROM t1('abc'); } 2
 do_execsql_test 5.5 { SELECT rowid FROM t1('aa'); } 2
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Tests for the bug fixed by https://sqlite.org/src/info/4b60a1c3
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 6.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE fts USING fts5(content);
+  INSERT INTO fts(fts, rank) VALUES ('secure-delete', 1);
+  INSERT INTO fts(rowid, content) VALUES
+    (3407, 'profile profile profile profile profile profile profile profile pull pulling pulling really');
+  DELETE FROM fts WHERE rowid IS 3407;
+  INSERT INTO fts(fts) VALUES ('integrity-check');
+}
+
+foreach {tn detail} {
+  1 full
+  2 column
+  3 none
+} {
+  do_execsql_test 6.1.$detail "
+    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
+    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x, detail=$detail);
+  "
+
+  do_execsql_test 6.2.$detail {
+    INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', 1);
+  }
+
+  for {set ii 1} {$ii < 100} {incr ii} {
+    do_execsql_test 6.3.$detail.$ii.1 {
+      BEGIN;
+        INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(10, 'word1');
+        WITH s(i) AS (
+          SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<CAST($ii AS integer)
+        )
+        INSERT INTO t1(x) SELECT 'word3' FROM s;
+      COMMIT;
+      INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
+    }
+
+    do_execsql_test 6.3.$detail.$ii.2 {
+      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=10;
+      INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES ('integrity-check');
+    }
+
+    do_execsql_test 6.3.$detail.$ii.3 {
+      DELETE FROM t1;
+    }
+
+    do_execsql_test 6.3.$detail.$ii.4 {
+      BEGIN;
+        INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(10, 'tokenA');
+        WITH s(i) AS (
+          SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<CAST($ii AS integer)
+        )
+        INSERT INTO t1(x) SELECT group_concat('tokenB ') FROM s;
+      COMMIT;
+      INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
+    }
+
+    do_execsql_test 6.3.$detail.$ii.5 {
+      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=10;
+      INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES ('integrity-check');
+    }
+
+    do_execsql_test 6.3.$detail.$ii.6 {
+      DELETE FROM t1;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 
 finish_test
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure6.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure6.test
index e561a43f..e2f4ceab 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure6.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure6.test
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ db progress 1 progress_handler
 set ::PHC 0
 proc progress_handler {args} {
   incr ::PHC
-  if {($::PHC % 100000)==0}  breakpoint
+  # if {($::PHC % 100000)==0}  breakpoint
   return 0
 }
 
@@ -50,6 +50,92 @@ do_test 1.3 {
   expr $phc(1)*5 < $phc(2)
 } {1}
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x);
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', $sd) 
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.1 {
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(-100000, 'abc def ghi');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(-99999, 'abc def ghi');
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(9223372036854775800, 'abc def ghi');
+  COMMIT;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM t1('def')
+} {-100000 -99999 9223372036854775800}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x);
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', $sd) 
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.1 {
+  BEGIN;
+    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) 
+      VALUES(51869, 'when whenever where weress what turn'), 
+            (51871, 'to were');
+  COMMIT;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 3.2 {
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=51871;
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test 4.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(x);
+  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, x) VALUES(10, 'one two');
+}
+do_execsql_test 4.1 {
+  UPDATE t1 SET x = 'one three' WHERE rowid=10;
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', 1);
+}
+do_execsql_test 4.2 {
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=10;
+}
+do_execsql_test 4.3 {
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test 5.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(content);
+
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1,rank) VALUES('secure-delete',1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('active'),('boomer'),('atom'),('atomic'),
+         ('alpha channel backup abandon test aback boomer atom alpha active');
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abandon';
+} 
+
+do_execsql_test 5.1 {
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('rebuild');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 5.2 {
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid NOTNULL<5;
+}
+
+db close
+sqlite3 db test.db
+
+do_execsql_test 5.3 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok}
+
 
 finish_test
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure7.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure7.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..16a044f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5secure7.test
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# 2023 Feb 17
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#*************************************************************************
+#
+# TESTRUNNER: slow
+#
+
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] fts5_common.tcl]
+ifcapable !fts5 { finish_test ; return }
+set ::testprefix fts5secure7
+
+
+set NVOCAB 500
+set NDOC [expr 1000]
+
+set NREP 100
+set nDeletePerRep [expr 5]
+
+set VOCAB [list]
+
+proc select_one {list} {
+  set n [llength $list]
+  lindex $list [expr {abs(int(rand()*$n))}]
+}
+
+proc init_vocab {} {
+  set L [split "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" {}]
+  set nL [llength $L]
+  for {set i 0} {$i < $::NVOCAB} {incr i} {
+    set n [expr {6 + int(rand()*8)}]
+    set word ""
+    for {set j 0} {$j < $n} {incr j} {
+      append word [select_one $L]
+    }
+    lappend ::VOCAB $word
+  }
+}
+
+proc get_word {} {
+  select_one $::VOCAB
+}
+
+proc get_document {nWord} {
+  set ret [list]
+  for {set i 0} {$i < $nWord} {incr i} {
+    lappend ret [get_word]
+  }
+  return $ret
+}
+
+init_vocab
+
+db func document [list get_document 12]
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(body);
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', 1);
+}
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<$NDOC
+  )
+  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT document() FROM s;
+}
+
+for {set iRep 0} {$iRep < $NREP} {incr iRep} {
+  set lRowid [db eval {SELECT rowid FROM t1}]
+  for {set iDel 0} {$iDel < $nDeletePerRep} {incr iDel} {
+    set idx [select_one $lRowid]
+    db eval {
+      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$idx
+    }
+  }
+  db eval {
+    WITH s(i) AS (
+      SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<$nDeletePerRep
+    )
+    INSERT INTO t1 SELECT document() FROM s;
+  }
+  do_execsql_test 1.2.$iRep {
+    INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
+  }
+}
+
+reset_db
+db func document [list get_document 12]
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(body);
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('secure-delete', 1);
+  INSERT INTO t1(t1, rank) VALUES('pgsz', 128);
+}
+do_execsql_test 2.1 {
+  WITH s(i) AS (
+    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<$NDOC
+  )
+  INSERT INTO t1 SELECT document() FROM s;
+}
+for {set ii 0} {$ii < $NDOC} {incr ii} {
+  set lRowid [db eval {SELECT rowid FROM t1}]
+  set idx [select_one $lRowid]
+  db eval { DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$idx }
+  do_execsql_test 2.2.$ii {
+    INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('integrity-check');
+  }
+}
+
+finish_test
+
+
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym2.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym2.test
index 8bbfb075..2c2705e3 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym2.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym2.test
@@ -122,6 +122,9 @@ foreach {tn expr} {
   4.1 "NEAR(one two, 2)"
   4.2 "NEAR(one two three, 2)"
   4.3 "NEAR(eight nine, 1) OR NEAR(six seven, 1)"
+
+  5.1 "one + two"
+  5.2 "1 + two"
 } {
   if {[fts5_expr_ok $expr ss]==0} {
     do_test 1.$tok.$tn.OMITTED { list } [list]
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5trigram.test b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5trigram.test
index 951daf14..351c059b 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5trigram.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/fts5/test/fts5trigram.test
@@ -215,4 +215,42 @@ do_execsql_test 7.2 {
   SELECT rowid FROM f WHERE filename GLOB '*ир*';
 } {20}
 
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 8.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts5(y, tokenize=trigram);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('abcdefghijklm');
+}
+
+foreach {tn match res} {
+  1 "abc ghi"         "(abc)def(ghi)jklm"
+  2 "def ghi"         "abc(defghi)jklm"
+  3 "efg ghi"         "abcd(efghi)jklm"
+  4 "efghi"           "abcd(efghi)jklm"
+  5 "abcd jklm"       "(abcd)efghi(jklm)"
+  6 "ijkl jklm"       "abcdefgh(ijklm)"
+  7 "ijk ijkl hijk"   "abcdefg(hijkl)m"
+
+} {
+  do_execsql_test 8.1.$tn {
+    SELECT highlight(t1, 0, '(', ')') FROM t1($match)
+  } $res
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 8.2 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft2 USING fts5(a, tokenize="trigram");
+  INSERT INTO ft2 VALUES('abc x cde');
+  INSERT INTO ft2 VALUES('abc cde');
+  INSERT INTO ft2 VALUES('abcde');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 8.3 {
+  SELECT highlight(ft2, 0, '[', ']') FROM ft2 WHERE ft2 MATCH 'abc AND cde';
+} {
+  {[abc] x [cde]}
+  {[abc] [cde]}
+  {[abcde]}
+}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/GNUmakefile b/sqlite/ext/jni/GNUmakefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..19a50804
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/GNUmakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,498 @@
+# Quick-and-dirty makefile to bootstrap the sqlite3-jni project.  This
+# build assumes a Linux-like system.
+default: all
+
+JAVA_HOME ?= $(HOME)/jdk/current
+# e.g. /usr/lib/jvm/default-javajava-19-openjdk-amd64
+JDK_HOME ?= $(JAVA_HOME)
+# ^^^ JDK_HOME is not as widely used as JAVA_HOME
+bin.jar     := $(JDK_HOME)/bin/jar
+bin.java    := $(JDK_HOME)/bin/java
+bin.javac   := $(JDK_HOME)/bin/javac
+bin.javadoc := $(JDK_HOME)/bin/javadoc
+ifeq (,$(wildcard $(JDK_HOME)))
+$(error set JDK_HOME to the top-most dir of your JDK installation.)
+endif
+MAKEFILE := $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))
+$(MAKEFILE):
+
+package.jar := sqlite3-jni.jar
+
+dir.top     := ../..
+dir.tool    := ../../tool
+dir.jni     := $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(MAKEFILE)))
+dir.src     := $(dir.jni)/src
+dir.src.c   := $(dir.src)/c
+dir.bld     := $(dir.jni)/bld
+dir.bld.c   := $(dir.bld)
+dir.src.jni := $(dir.src)/org/sqlite/jni
+dir.src.capi := $(dir.src.jni)/capi
+dir.src.fts5 := $(dir.src.jni)/fts5
+dir.tests   := $(dir.src)/tests
+mkdir       ?= mkdir -p
+$(dir.bld.c):
+	$(mkdir) $@
+
+javac.flags ?= -Xlint:unchecked -Xlint:deprecation
+java.flags ?=
+jnicheck ?= 1
+ifeq (1,$(jnicheck))
+  java.flags += -Xcheck:jni
+endif
+
+classpath := $(dir.src)
+CLEAN_FILES := $(package.jar)
+DISTCLEAN_FILES := $(dir.jni)/*~ $(dir.src.c)/*~ $(dir.src.jni)/*~
+
+sqlite3-jni.h := $(dir.src.c)/sqlite3-jni.h
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(sqlite3-jni.h)
+CApi.java := $(dir.src.capi)/CApi.java
+SQLTester.java := $(dir.src.capi)/SQLTester.java
+CApi.class := $(CApi.java:.java=.class)
+SQLTester.class := $(SQLTester.java:.java=.class)
+
+########################################################################
+# The future of FTS5 customization in this API is as yet unclear.
+# The pieces are all in place, and are all thin proxies so not much
+# complexity, but some semantic changes were required in porting
+# which are largely untested.
+#
+# Reminder: this flag influences the contents of $(sqlite3-jni.h),
+# which is checked in. Please do not check in changes to that file in
+# which the fts5 APIs have been stripped unless that feature is
+# intended to be stripped for good.
+enable.fts5 ?= 1
+
+ifeq (,$(wildcard $(dir.tests)/*))
+  enable.tester := 0
+else
+  enable.tester := 1
+endif
+
+# bin.version-info = binary to output various sqlite3 version info
+# building the distribution zip file.
+bin.version-info := $(dir.top)/version-info
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(bin.version-info)
+$(bin.version-info): $(dir.tool)/version-info.c $(sqlite3.h) $(dir.top)/Makefile
+	$(MAKE) -C $(dir.top) version-info
+
+# Be explicit about which Java files to compile so that we can work on
+# in-progress files without requiring them to be in a compilable statae.
+JAVA_FILES.main := $(patsubst %,$(dir.src.jni)/annotation/%,\
+  NotNull.java \
+  Nullable.java \
+) $(patsubst %,$(dir.src.capi)/%,\
+  AbstractCollationCallback.java \
+  AggregateFunction.java \
+  AuthorizerCallback.java \
+  AutoExtensionCallback.java \
+  BusyHandlerCallback.java \
+  CollationCallback.java \
+  CollationNeededCallback.java \
+  CommitHookCallback.java \
+  ConfigLogCallback.java \
+  ConfigSqllogCallback.java \
+  NativePointerHolder.java \
+  OutputPointer.java \
+  PrepareMultiCallback.java \
+  PreupdateHookCallback.java \
+  ProgressHandlerCallback.java \
+  ResultCode.java \
+  RollbackHookCallback.java \
+  ScalarFunction.java \
+  SQLFunction.java \
+  CallbackProxy.java \
+  CApi.java \
+  TableColumnMetadata.java \
+  TraceV2Callback.java \
+  UpdateHookCallback.java \
+  ValueHolder.java \
+  WindowFunction.java \
+  XDestroyCallback.java \
+  sqlite3.java \
+  sqlite3_context.java \
+  sqlite3_stmt.java \
+  sqlite3_value.java \
+) $(patsubst %,$(dir.src.jni)/wrapper1/%,\
+  AggregateFunction.java \
+  ScalarFunction.java \
+  SqlFunction.java \
+  Sqlite.java \
+  SqliteException.java \
+  ValueHolder.java \
+)
+
+JAVA_FILES.unittest := $(patsubst %,$(dir.src.jni)/%,\
+  capi/Tester1.java \
+  wrapper1/Tester2.java \
+)
+ifeq (1,$(enable.fts5))
+  JAVA_FILES.unittest += $(patsubst %,$(dir.src.fts5)/%,\
+    TesterFts5.java \
+  )
+  JAVA_FILES.main += $(patsubst %,$(dir.src.fts5)/%,\
+    fts5_api.java \
+    fts5_extension_function.java \
+    fts5_tokenizer.java \
+    Fts5.java \
+    Fts5Context.java \
+    Fts5ExtensionApi.java \
+    Fts5PhraseIter.java \
+    Fts5Tokenizer.java \
+    XTokenizeCallback.java \
+  )
+endif
+JAVA_FILES.tester := $(SQLTester.java)
+JAVA_FILES.package.info := \
+  $(dir.src.jni)/package-info.java \
+  $(dir.src.jni)/annotation/package-info.java
+
+CLASS_FILES.main := $(JAVA_FILES.main:.java=.class)
+CLASS_FILES.unittest := $(JAVA_FILES.unittest:.java=.class)
+CLASS_FILES.tester := $(JAVA_FILES.tester:.java=.class)
+
+JAVA_FILES += $(JAVA_FILES.main) $(JAVA_FILES.unittest)
+ifeq (1,$(enable.tester))
+  JAVA_FILES += $(JAVA_FILES.tester)
+endif
+
+CLASS_FILES :=
+define CLASSFILE_DEPS
+all: $(1).class
+CLASS_FILES += $(1).class
+endef
+$(foreach B,$(basename \
+  $(JAVA_FILES.main) $(JAVA_FILES.unittest) $(JAVA_FILES.tester)),\
+  $(eval $(call CLASSFILE_DEPS,$(B))))
+$(CLASS_FILES): $(JAVA_FILES) $(MAKEFILE)
+	$(bin.javac) $(javac.flags) -h $(dir.bld.c) -cp $(classpath) $(JAVA_FILES)
+
+#.PHONY: classfiles
+
+########################################################################
+# Set up sqlite3.c and sqlite3.h...
+#
+# To build with SEE (https://sqlite.org/see), either put sqlite3-see.c
+# in the top of this build tree or pass
+# sqlite3.c=PATH_TO_sqlite3-see.c to the build. Note that only
+# encryption modules with no 3rd-party dependencies will currently
+# work here: AES256-OFB, AES128-OFB, and AES128-CCM. Not
+# coincidentally, those 3 modules are included in the sqlite3-see.c
+# bundle.
+#
+# A custom sqlite3.c must not have any spaces in its name.
+# $(sqlite3.canonical.c) must point to the sqlite3.c in
+# the sqlite3 canonical source tree, as that source file
+# is required for certain utility and test code.
+sqlite3.canonical.c := $(firstword $(wildcard $(dir.src.c)/sqlite3.c) $(dir.top)/sqlite3.c)
+sqlite3.canonical.h := $(firstword $(wildcard $(dir.src.c)/sqlite3.h) $(dir.top)/sqlite3.h)
+sqlite3.c := $(sqlite3.canonical.c)
+sqlite3.h := $(sqlite3.canonical.h)
+#ifeq (,$(shell grep sqlite3_activate_see $(sqlite3.c) 2>/dev/null))
+#  SQLITE_C_IS_SEE := 0
+#else
+#  SQLITE_C_IS_SEE := 1
+#  $(info This is an SEE build.)
+#endif
+
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(sqlite3.h)
+$(sqlite3.h):
+	$(MAKE) -C $(dir.top) sqlite3.c
+$(sqlite3.c): $(sqlite3.h)
+
+opt.threadsafe ?= 1
+opt.fatal-oom ?= 1
+opt.debug ?= 1
+opt.metrics ?= 1
+SQLITE_OPT = \
+  -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=$(opt.threadsafe) \
+  -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=2 \
+  -DSQLITE_USE_URI=1 \
+  -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
+  -DSQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED \
+  -DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE \
+  -DSQLITE_C=$(sqlite3.c) \
+  -DSQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM=$(opt.fatal-oom) \
+  -DSQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS=$(opt.metrics)
+
+opt.extras ?= 1
+ifeq (1,$(opt.extras))
+SQLITE_OPT += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
+endif
+
+ifeq (1,$(opt.debug))
+  SQLITE_OPT += -DSQLITE_DEBUG -g -DDEBUG -UNDEBUG
+else
+  SQLITE_OPT += -Os
+endif
+
+ifeq (1,$(enable.fts5))
+  SQLITE_OPT += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+endif
+
+sqlite3-jni.c := $(dir.src.c)/sqlite3-jni.c
+sqlite3-jni.o := $(dir.bld.c)/sqlite3-jni.o
+sqlite3-jni.h   := $(dir.src.c)/sqlite3-jni.h
+package.dll := $(dir.bld.c)/libsqlite3-jni.so
+# All javac-generated .h files must be listed in $(sqlite3-jni.h.in):
+sqlite3-jni.h.in :=
+# $(java.with.jni) lists all Java files which contain JNI decls:
+java.with.jni :=
+define ADD_JNI_H
+sqlite3-jni.h.in += $$(dir.bld.c)/org_sqlite_jni$(3)_$(2).h
+java.with.jni += $(1)/$(2).java
+$$(dir.bld.c)/org_sqlite_jni$(3)_$(2).h: $(1)/$(2).java
+endef
+# Invoke ADD_JNI_H once for each Java file which includes JNI
+# declarations:
+$(eval $(call ADD_JNI_H,$(dir.src.capi),CApi,_capi))
+$(eval $(call ADD_JNI_H,$(dir.src.capi),SQLTester,_capi))
+ifeq (1,$(enable.fts5))
+ $(eval $(call ADD_JNI_H,$(dir.src.fts5),Fts5ExtensionApi,_fts5))
+ $(eval $(call ADD_JNI_H,$(dir.src.fts5),fts5_api,_fts5))
+ $(eval $(call ADD_JNI_H,$(dir.src.fts5),fts5_tokenizer,_fts5))
+endif
+$(sqlite3-jni.h.in): $(dir.bld.c)
+
+#package.dll.cfiles :=
+package.dll.cflags = \
+  -std=c99 \
+  -fPIC \
+  -I. \
+  -I$(dir $(sqlite3.h)) \
+  -I$(dir.src.c) \
+  -I$(JDK_HOME)/include \
+  $(patsubst %,-I%,$(patsubst %.h,,$(wildcard $(JDK_HOME)/include/*))) \
+  -Wall
+# The gross $(patsubst...) above is to include the platform-specific
+# subdir which lives under $(JDK_HOME)/include and is a required
+# include path for client-level code.
+#
+# Using (-Wall -Wextra) triggers an untennable number of
+# gcc warnings from sqlite3.c for mundane things like
+# unused parameters.
+########################################################################
+ifeq (1,$(enable.tester))
+  package.dll.cflags += -DSQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_SQLTester
+endif
+
+$(sqlite3-jni.h): $(sqlite3-jni.h.in) $(MAKEFILE)
+	@cat $(sqlite3-jni.h.in) > $@.tmp
+	@if cmp $@ $@.tmp >/dev/null; then \
+		rm -f $@.tmp; \
+		echo "$@ not modified"; \
+	else \
+		mv $@.tmp $@; \
+		echo "Updated $@"; \
+	fi
+	@if [ x1 != x$(enable.fts5) ]; then \
+		echo "*** REMINDER:"; \
+		echo "*** enable.fts5=0, so please do not check in changes to $@."; \
+	fi
+
+$(package.dll): $(sqlite3-jni.h) $(sqlite3.c) $(sqlite3.h)
+$(package.dll): $(sqlite3-jni.c) $(MAKEFILE)
+	$(CC) $(package.dll.cflags) $(SQLITE_OPT) \
+			$(sqlite3-jni.c) -shared -o $@
+all: $(package.dll)
+
+.PHONY: test test-one
+Tester1.flags ?=
+Tester2.flags ?=
+test.flags.jvm = -ea -Djava.library.path=$(dir.bld.c) \
+                  $(java.flags) -cp $(classpath)
+test.deps := $(CLASS_FILES) $(package.dll)
+test-one: $(test.deps)
+	$(bin.java) $(test.flags.jvm) org.sqlite.jni.capi.Tester1 $(Tester1.flags)
+	$(bin.java) $(test.flags.jvm) org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1.Tester2 $(Tester2.flags)
+test-sqllog: $(test.deps)
+	@echo "Testing with -sqllog..."
+	$(bin.java) $(test.flags.jvm) -sqllog
+test-mt: $(test.deps)
+	@echo "Testing in multi-threaded mode:";
+	$(bin.java) $(test.flags.jvm) org.sqlite.jni.capi.Tester1 \
+    -t 7 -r 50 -shuffle $(Tester1.flags)
+	$(bin.java) $(test.flags.jvm) org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1.Tester2 \
+    -t 7 -r 50 -shuffle $(Tester2.flags)
+
+test: test-one test-mt
+tests: test test-sqllog
+
+tester.scripts := $(sort $(wildcard $(dir.src)/tests/*.test))
+tester.flags ?= # --verbose
+.PHONY: tester tester-local tester-ext
+ifeq (1,$(enable.tester))
+tester-local: $(CLASS_FILES.tester) $(package.dll)
+	$(bin.java) -ea -Djava.library.path=$(dir.bld.c) \
+		$(java.flags) -cp $(classpath) \
+		org.sqlite.jni.capi.SQLTester $(tester.flags) $(tester.scripts)
+tester: tester-local
+else
+tester:
+	@echo "SQLTester support is disabled."
+endif
+
+tester.extdir.default := $(dir.tests)/ext
+tester.extdir ?= $(tester.extdir.default)
+tester.extern-scripts := $(wildcard $(tester.extdir)/*.test)
+ifneq (,$(tester.extern-scripts))
+tester-ext:
+	$(bin.java) -ea -Djava.library.path=$(dir.bld.c) \
+		$(java.flags) -cp $(classpath) \
+		org.sqlite.jni.capi.SQLTester $(tester.flags) $(tester.extern-scripts)
+else
+tester-ext:
+	@echo "******************************************************"; \
+		echo "*** Include the out-of-tree test suite in the 'tester'"; \
+		echo "*** target by either symlinking its directory to"; \
+		echo "*** $(tester.extdir.default) or passing it to make"; \
+		echo "*** as tester.extdir=/path/to/that/dir."; \
+		echo "******************************************************";
+endif
+
+tester-ext: tester-local
+tester: tester-ext
+tests: tester
+########################################################################
+# Build each SQLITE_THREADMODE variant and run all tests against them.
+multitest: clean
+define MULTIOPT
+multitest: multitest-$(1)
+multitest-$(1):
+	$$(MAKE) opt.debug=$$(opt.debug) $(patsubst %,opt.%,$(2)) \
+		tests clean enable.fts5=1
+endef
+
+$(eval $(call MULTIOPT,01,threadsafe=0 oom=1))
+$(eval $(call MULTIOPT,00,threadsafe=0 oom=0))
+$(eval $(call MULTIOPT,11,threadsafe=1 oom=1))
+$(eval $(call MULTIOPT,10,threadsafe=1 oom=0))
+$(eval $(call MULTIOPT,21,threadsafe=2 oom=1))
+$(eval $(call MULTIOPT,20,threadsafe=2 oom=0))
+
+
+########################################################################
+# jar bundle...
+package.jar.in := $(abspath $(dir.src)/jar.in)
+CLEAN_FILES += $(package.jar.in)
+JAVA_FILES.jar := $(JAVA_FILES.main) $(JAVA_FILES.unittest) $(JAVA_FILES.package.info)
+CLASS_FILES.jar := $(filter-out %/package-info.class,$(JAVA_FILES.jar:.java=.class))
+$(package.jar.in): $(package.dll) $(MAKEFILE)
+	ls -1 \
+		$(dir.src.jni)/*/*.java $(dir.src.jni)/*/*.class \
+	| sed -e 's,^$(dir.src)/,,' | sort > $@
+
+$(package.jar): $(CLASS_FILES.jar) $(MAKEFILE) $(package.jar.in)
+	@rm -f $(dir.src)/c/*~ $(dir.src.jni)/*~
+	cd $(dir.src); $(bin.jar) -cfe ../$@ org.sqlite.jni.capi.Tester1 @$(package.jar.in)
+	@ls -la $@
+	@echo "To use this jar you will need the -Djava.library.path=DIR/CONTAINING/libsqlite3-jni.so flag."
+	@echo "e.g. java -Djava.library.path=bld -jar $@"
+
+jar: $(package.jar)
+run-jar: $(package.jar) $(package.dll)
+	$(bin.java) -Djava.library.path=$(dir.bld) -jar $(package.jar) $(run-jar.flags)
+
+########################################################################
+# javadoc...
+dir.doc   := $(dir.jni)/javadoc
+doc.index := $(dir.doc)/index.html
+javadoc.exclude := -exclude org.sqlite.jni.fts5
+# ^^^^ 2023-09-13: elide the fts5 parts from the public docs for
+# the time being, as it's not clear where the Java bindings for
+# those bits are going.
+# javadoc.exclude += -exclude org.sqlite.jni.capi
+# ^^^^ exclude the capi API only for certain builds (TBD)
+$(doc.index): $(JAVA_FILES.main) $(MAKEFILE)
+	@if [ -d $(dir.doc) ]; then rm -fr $(dir.doc)/*; fi
+	$(bin.javadoc) -cp $(classpath) -d $(dir.doc) -quiet \
+		-subpackages org.sqlite.jni $(javadoc.exclude)
+	@echo "javadoc output is in $@"
+
+.PHONY: doc javadoc docserve
+.FORCE: doc
+doc: $(doc.index)
+javadoc: $(doc.index)
+# Force rebild of docs
+redoc:
+	@rm -f $(doc.index)
+	@$(MAKE) doc
+docserve: $(doc.index)
+	cd $(dir.doc) && althttpd -max-age 1 -page index.html
+########################################################################
+# Clean up...
+CLEAN_FILES += $(dir.bld.c)/* \
+  $(dir.src.jni)/*.class \
+  $(dir.src.jni)/*/*.class \
+  $(package.dll) \
+  hs_err_pid*.log
+
+.PHONY: clean distclean
+clean:
+	-rm -f $(CLEAN_FILES)
+distclean: clean
+	-rm -f $(DISTCLEAN_FILES)
+	-rm -fr $(dir.bld.c) $(dir.doc)
+
+########################################################################
+# disttribution bundle rules...
+
+ifeq (,$(filter snapshot,$(MAKECMDGOALS)))
+dist-name-prefix := sqlite-jni
+else
+dist-name-prefix := sqlite-jni-snapshot-$(shell /usr/bin/date +%Y%m%d)
+endif
+dist-name := $(dist-name-prefix)-TEMP
+
+
+dist-dir.top := $(dist-name)
+dist-dir.src := $(dist-dir.top)/src
+dist.top.extras := \
+  README.md
+
+.PHONY: dist snapshot
+
+dist: \
+    $(bin.version-info) $(sqlite3.canonical.c) \
+    $(package.jar) $(MAKEFILE)
+	@echo "Making end-user deliverables..."
+	@echo "****************************************************************************"; \
+	echo  "*** WARNING: be sure to build this with JDK8 (javac 1.8) for compatibility."; \
+	echo  "*** reasons!"; $$($(bin.javac) -version); \
+	echo  "****************************************************************************"
+	@rm -fr $(dist-dir.top)
+	@mkdir -p $(dist-dir.src)
+	@cp -p $(dist.top.extras) $(dist-dir.top)/.
+	@cp -p jar-dist.make $(dist-dir.top)/Makefile
+	@cp -p $(dir.src.c)/*.[ch] $(dist-dir.src)/.
+	@cp -p $(sqlite3.canonical.c) $(sqlite3.canonical.h) $(dist-dir.src)/.
+	@set -e; \
+		vnum=$$($(bin.version-info) --download-version); \
+		vjar=$$($(bin.version-info) --version); \
+		vdir=$(dist-name-prefix)-$$vnum; \
+		arczip=$$vdir.zip; \
+		cp -p $(package.jar) $(dist-dir.top)/sqlite3-jni-$${vjar}.jar; \
+		echo "Making $$arczip ..."; \
+		rm -fr $$arczip $$vdir; \
+		mv $(dist-dir.top) $$vdir; \
+		zip -qr $$arczip $$vdir; \
+		rm -fr $$vdir; \
+		ls -la $$arczip; \
+		set +e; \
+		unzip -lv $$arczip || echo "Missing unzip app? Not fatal."
+
+snapshot: dist
+
+.PHONY: dist-clean
+clean: dist-clean
+dist-clean:
+	rm -fr $(dist-name) $(wildcard sqlite-jni-*.zip)
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/README.md b/sqlite/ext/jni/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f2811fdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+SQLite3 via JNI
+========================================================================
+
+This directory houses a Java Native Interface (JNI) binding for the
+sqlite3 API. If you are reading this from the distribution ZIP file,
+links to resources in the canonical source tree will note work. The
+canonical copy of this file can be browsed at:
+
+  <https://sqlite.org/src/doc/trunk/ext/jni/README.md>
+
+Technical support is available in the forum:
+
+  <https://sqlite.org/forum>
+
+
+> **FOREWARNING:** this subproject is very much in development and
+  subject to any number of changes. Please do not rely on any
+  information about its API until this disclaimer is removed.  The JNI
+  bindings released with version 3.43 are a "tech preview" and 3.44
+  will be "final," at which point strong backward compatibility
+  guarantees will apply.
+
+Project goals/requirements:
+
+- A [1-to-1(-ish) mapping of the C API](#1to1ish) to Java via JNI,
+  insofar as cross-language semantics allow for. A closely-related
+  goal is that [the C documentation](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/intro.html)
+  should be usable as-is, insofar as possible, for the JNI binding.
+
+- Support Java as far back as version 8 (2014).
+
+- Environment-independent. Should work everywhere both Java
+  and SQLite3 do.
+
+- No 3rd-party dependencies beyond the JDK. That includes no
+  build-level dependencies for specific IDEs and toolchains.  We
+  welcome the addition of build files for arbitrary environments
+  insofar as they neither interfere with each other nor become
+  a maintenance burden for the sqlite developers.
+
+Non-goals:
+
+- Creation of high-level OO wrapper APIs. Clients are free to create
+  them off of the C-style API.
+
+- Support for mixed-mode operation, where client code accesses SQLite
+  both via the Java-side API and the C API via their own native
+  code. In such cases, proxy functionalities (primarily callback
+  handler wrappers of all sorts) may fail because the C-side use of
+  the SQLite APIs will bypass those proxies.
+
+
+Hello World
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+```java
+import org.sqlite.jni.*;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.CApi.*;
+
+...
+
+final sqlite3 db = sqlite3_open(":memory:");
+try {
+  final int rc = sqlite3_errcode(db);
+  if( 0 != rc ){
+    if( null != db ){
+      System.out.print("Error opening db: "+sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+    }else{
+      System.out.print("Error opening db: rc="+rc);
+    }
+    ... handle error ...
+  }
+  // ... else use the db ...
+}finally{
+  // ALWAYS close databases using sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2()
+  // when done with them. All of their active statement handles must
+  // first have been passed to sqlite3_finalize().
+  sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+}
+```
+
+
+Building
+========================================================================
+
+The canonical builds assumes a Linux-like environment and requires:
+
+- GNU Make
+- A JDK supporting Java 8 or higher
+- A modern C compiler. gcc and clang should both work.
+
+Put simply:
+
+```console
+$ export JAVA_HOME=/path/to/jdk/root
+$ make
+$ make test
+$ make clean
+```
+
+The jar distribution can be created with `make jar`, but note that it
+does not contain the binary DLL file. A different DLL is needed for
+each target platform.
+
+
+<a id='1to1ish'></a>
+One-to-One(-ish) Mapping to C
+========================================================================
+
+This JNI binding aims to provide as close to a 1-to-1 experience with
+the C API as cross-language semantics allow. Interface changes are
+necessarily made where cross-language semantics do not allow a 1-to-1,
+and judiciously made where a 1-to-1 mapping would be unduly cumbersome
+to use in Java. In all cases, this binding makes every effort to
+provide semantics compatible with the C API documentation even if the
+interface to those semantics is slightly different.  Any cases which
+deviate from those semantics (either removing or adding semantics) are
+clearly documented.
+
+Where it makes sense to do so for usability, Java-side overloads are
+provided which accept or return data in alternative forms or provide
+sensible default argument values. In all such cases they are thin
+proxies around the corresponding C APIs and do not introduce new
+semantics.
+
+In some very few cases, Java-specific capabilities have been added in
+new APIs, all of which have "_java" somewhere in their names.
+Examples include:
+
+- `sqlite3_result_java_object()`
+- `sqlite3_column_java_object()`
+- `sqlite3_column_java_casted()`
+- `sqlite3_value_java_object()`
+- `sqlite3_value_java_casted()`
+
+which, as one might surmise, collectively enable the passing of
+arbitrary Java objects from user-defined SQL functions through to the
+caller.
+
+
+Golden Rule: Garbage Collection Cannot Free SQLite Resources
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+It is important that all databases and prepared statement handles get
+cleaned up by client code. A database cannot be closed if it has open
+statement handles. `sqlite3_close()` fails if the db cannot be closed
+whereas `sqlite3_close_v2()` recognizes that case and marks the db as
+a "zombie," pending finalization when the library detects that all
+pending statements have been closed. Be aware that Java garbage
+collection _cannot_ close a database or finalize a prepared statement.
+Those things require explicit API calls.
+
+
+Golden Rule #2: _Never_ Throw from Callbacks (Unless...)
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+All routines in this API, barring explicitly documented exceptions,
+retain C-like semantics. For example, they are not permitted to throw
+or propagate exceptions and must return error information (if any) via
+result codes or `null`. The only cases where the C-style APIs may
+throw is through client-side misuse, e.g. passing in a null where it
+shouldn't be used. The APIs clearly mark function parameters which
+should not be null, but does not actively defend itself against such
+misuse. Some C-style APIs explicitly accept `null` as a no-op for
+usability's sake, and some of the JNI APIs deliberately return an
+error code, instead of segfaulting, when passed a `null`.
+
+Client-defined callbacks _must never throw exceptions_ unless _very
+explicitly documented_ as being throw-safe. Exceptions are generally
+reserved for higher-level bindings which are constructed to
+specifically deal with them and ensure that they do not leak C-level
+resources. In some cases, callback handlers are permitted to throw, in
+which cases they get translated to C-level result codes and/or
+messages. If a callback which is not permitted to throw throws, its
+exception may trigger debug output but will otherwise be suppressed.
+
+The reason some callbacks are permitted to throw and others not is
+because all such callbacks act as proxies for C function callback
+interfaces and some of those interfaces have no error-reporting
+mechanism. Those which are capable of propagating errors back through
+the library convert exceptions from callbacks into corresponding
+C-level error information. Those which cannot propagate errors
+necessarily suppress any exceptions in order to maintain the C-style
+semantics of the APIs.
+
+
+Unwieldy Constructs are Re-mapped
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Some constructs, when modelled 1-to-1 from C to Java, are unduly
+clumsy to work with in Java because they try to shoehorn C's way of
+doing certain things into Java's wildly different ways. The following
+subsections cover those, starting with a verbose explanation and
+demonstration of where such changes are "really necessary"...
+
+### Custom Collations
+
+A prime example of where interface changes for Java are necessary for
+usability is [registration of a custom
+collation](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_collation.html):
+
+```c
+// C:
+int sqlite3_create_collation(sqlite3 * db, const char * name, int eTextRep,
+                             void *pUserData,
+                             int (*xCompare)(void*,int,void const *,int,void const *));
+
+int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(sqlite3 * db, const char * name, int eTextRep,
+                                void *pUserData,
+                                int (*xCompare)(void*,int,void const *,int,void const *),
+                                void (*xDestroy)(void*));
+```
+
+The `pUserData` object is optional client-defined state for the
+`xCompare()` and/or `xDestroy()` callback functions, both of which are
+passed that object as their first argument. That data is passed around
+"externally" in C because that's how C models the world. If we were to
+bind that part as-is to Java, the result would be awkward to use (^Yes,
+we tried this.):
+
+```java
+// Java:
+int sqlite3_create_collation(sqlite3 db, String name, int eTextRep,
+                             Object pUserData, xCompareType xCompare);
+
+int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(sqlite3 db, String name, int eTextRep,
+                                Object pUserData,
+                                xCompareType xCompare, xDestroyType xDestroy);
+```
+
+The awkwardness comes from (A) having two distinctly different objects
+for callbacks and (B) having their internal state provided separately,
+which is ill-fitting in Java. For the sake of usability, C APIs which
+follow that pattern use a slightly different Java interface:
+
+```java
+int sqlite3_create_collation(sqlite3 db, String name, int eTextRep,
+                             SomeCallbackType collation);
+```
+
+Where the `Collation` class has an abstract `call()` method and
+no-op `xDestroy()` method which can be overridden if needed, leading to
+a much more Java-esque usage:
+
+```java
+int rc = sqlite3_create_collation(db, "mycollation", SQLITE_UTF8, new SomeCallbackType(){
+
+  // Required comparison function:
+  @Override public int call(byte[] lhs, byte[] rhs){ ... }
+
+  // Optional finalizer function:
+  @Override public void xDestroy(){ ... }
+
+  // Optional local state:
+  private String localState1 =
+    "This is local state. There are many like it, but this one is mine.";
+  private MyStateType localState2 = new MyStateType();
+  ...
+});
+```
+
+Noting that:
+
+- It is possible to bind in call-scope-local state via closures, if
+  desired, as opposed to packing it into the Collation object.
+
+- No capabilities of the C API are lost or unduly obscured via the
+  above API reshaping, so power users need not make any compromises.
+
+- In the specific example above, `sqlite3_create_collation_v2()`
+  becomes superfluous because the provided interface effectively
+  provides both the v1 and v2 interfaces, the difference being that
+  overriding the `xDestroy()` method effectively gives it v2
+  semantics.
+
+
+### User-defined SQL Functions (a.k.a. UDFs)
+
+The [`sqlite3_create_function()`](https://sqlite.org/c3ref/create_function.html)
+family of APIs make heavy use of function pointers to provide
+client-defined callbacks, necessitating interface changes in the JNI
+binding. The Java API has only one core function-registration function:
+
+```java
+int sqlite3_create_function(sqlite3 db, String funcName, int nArgs,
+                            int encoding, SQLFunction func);
+```
+
+> Design question: does the encoding argument serve any purpose in
+  Java? That's as-yet undetermined. If not, it will be removed.
+
+`SQLFunction` is not used directly, but is instead instantiated via
+one of its three subclasses:
+
+- `SQLFunction.Scalar` implements simple scalar functions using but a
+  single callback.
+- `SQLFunction.Aggregate` implements aggregate functions using two
+  callbacks.
+- `SQLFunction.Window` implements window functions using four
+  callbacks.
+
+Search [`Tester1.java`](/file/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/Tester1.java) for
+`SQLFunction` for how it's used.
+
+Reminder: see the disclaimer at the top of this document regarding the
+in-flux nature of this API.
+
+### And so on...
+
+Various APIs which accept callbacks, e.g. `sqlite3_trace_v2()` and
+`sqlite3_update_hook()`, use interfaces similar to those shown above.
+Despite the changes in signature, the JNI layer makes every effort to
+provide the same semantics as the C API documentation suggests.
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/jar-dist.make b/sqlite/ext/jni/jar-dist.make
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7596c99f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/jar-dist.make
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/this/is/make
+#^^^^ help emacs out
+#
+# This is a POSIX-make-compatible makefile for building the sqlite3
+# JNI library from "dist" zip file. It must be edited to set the
+# proper top-level JDK directory and, depending on the platform, add a
+# platform-specific -I directory. It should build as-is with any
+# 2020s-era version of gcc or clang. It requires JDK version 8 or
+# higher and that JAVA_HOME points to the top-most installation
+# directory of that JDK. On Ubuntu-style systems the JDK is typically
+# installed under /usr/lib/jvm/java-VERSION-PLATFORM.
+
+default: all
+
+JAVA_HOME = /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64
+CFLAGS = \
+  -fPIC \
+  -Isrc \
+  -I$(JAVA_HOME)/include \
+  -I$(JAVA_HOME)/include/linux \
+  -I$(JAVA_HOME)/include/apple \
+  -I$(JAVA_HOME)/include/bsd \
+  -Wall
+
+SQLITE_OPT = \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC \
+  -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
+  -DSQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED \
+  -DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE \
+  -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 \
+  -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=2 \
+  -DSQLITE_USE_URI=1 \
+  -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 \
+  -DSQLITE_DEBUG
+
+sqlite3-jni.dll = libsqlite3-jni.so
+$(sqlite3-jni.dll):
+	@echo "************************************************************************"; \
+	echo  "*** If this fails to build, be sure to edit this makefile            ***"; \
+	echo  "*** to configure it for your system.                                 ***"; \
+	echo  "************************************************************************"
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SQLITE_OPT) \
+		src/sqlite3-jni.c -shared -o $@
+	@echo "Now try running it with: make test"
+
+test.flags = -Djava.library.path=. sqlite3-jni-*.jar
+test: $(sqlite3-jni.dll)
+	java -jar $(test.flags)
+	java -jar $(test.flags) -t 7 -r 10 -shuffle
+
+clean:
+	-rm -f $(sqlite3-jni.dll)
+
+all: $(sqlite3-jni.dll)
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.c b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..245ce4f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5899 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file implements the JNI bindings declared in
+** org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi (from which sqlite3-jni.h is generated).
+*/
+
+/*
+** If you found this comment by searching the code for
+** CallStaticObjectMethod then you're the victim of an OpenJDK bug:
+**
+** https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8130659
+**
+** It's known to happen with OpenJDK v8 but not with v19.
+**
+** This code does not use JNI's CallStaticObjectMethod().
+*/
+
+/*
+** Define any SQLITE_... config defaults we want if they aren't
+** overridden by the builder. Please keep these alphabetized.
+*/
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_D... */
+#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE -16384
+#endif
+#if !defined(SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE)
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE 8192
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_DQS
+#  define SQLITE_DQS 0
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_ENABLE_... */
+/*
+** Unconditionally enable API_ARMOR in the JNI build. It ensures that
+** public APIs behave predictable in the face of passing illegal NULLs
+** or ranges which might otherwise invoke undefined behavior.
+*/
+#undef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+#define SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR 1
+
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_DBPAGE_VTAB 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_DBSTAT_VTAB 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE 1
+#endif
+//#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION
+//#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION 1
+//#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB
+#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB 1
+#endif
+//#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNKNOWN_SQL_FUNCTION
+//#  define SQLITE_ENABLE_UNKNOWN_SQL_FUNCTION
+//#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_J... */
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM
+#if !SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM
+#undef SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_M... */
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE 0x1fffffff
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_O... */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION 1
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE 1
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
+/* UTF16 is required for java */
+# undef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16 1
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_T... */
+#ifndef SQLITE_TEMP_STORE
+# define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE 2
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_THREADSAFE
+# define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 1
+#endif
+
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* SQLITE_USE_... */
+#ifndef SQLITE_USE_URI
+#  define SQLITE_USE_URI 1
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Which sqlite3.c we're using needs to be configurable to enable
+** building against a custom copy, e.g. the SEE variant. We have to
+** include sqlite3.c, as opposed to sqlite3.h, in order to get access
+** to some interal details like SQLITE_MAX_... and friends. This
+** increases the rebuild time considerably but we need this in order
+** to access some internal functionality and keep the to-Java-exported
+** values of SQLITE_MAX_... and SQLITE_LIMIT_... in sync with the C
+** build.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_C
+# define SQLITE_C sqlite3.c
+#endif
+#define INC__STRINGIFY_(f) #f
+#define INC__STRINGIFY(f) INC__STRINGIFY_(f)
+#include INC__STRINGIFY(SQLITE_C)
+#undef INC__STRINGIFY_
+#undef INC__STRINGIFY
+#undef SQLITE_C
+
+/*
+** End of the sqlite3 lib setup. What follows is JNI-specific.
+*/
+
+#include "sqlite3-jni.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h> /* only for testing/debugging */
+#include <stdint.h> /* intptr_t for 32-bit builds */
+
+/* Only for debugging */
+#define MARKER(pfexp)                                               \
+  do{ printf("MARKER: %s:%d:%s():\t",__FILE__,__LINE__,__func__);   \
+    printf pfexp;                                                   \
+  } while(0)
+
+/*
+** Creates a verbose JNI function name. Suffix must be
+** the JNI-mangled form of the function's name, minus the
+** prefix seen in this macro.
+*/
+#define JniFuncName(Suffix) \
+  Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_ ## Suffix
+
+/* Prologue for JNI function declarations and definitions. */
+#define JniDecl(ReturnType,Suffix) \
+  JNIEXPORT ReturnType JNICALL JniFuncName(Suffix)
+
+/*
+** S3JniApi's intent is that CFunc be the C API func(s) the
+** being-declared JNI function is wrapping, making it easier to find
+** that function's JNI-side entry point. The other args are for JniDecl.
+** See the many examples in this file.
+*/
+#define S3JniApi(CFunc,ReturnType,Suffix) JniDecl(ReturnType,Suffix)
+
+/*
+** S3JniCast_L2P and P2L cast jlong (64-bit) to/from pointers. This is
+** required for casting warning-free on 32-bit builds, where we
+** otherwise get complaints that we're casting between different-sized
+** int types.
+**
+** This use of intptr_t is the _only_ reason we require <stdint.h>
+** which, in turn, requires building with -std=c99 (or later).
+*/
+#define S3JniCast_L2P(JLongAsPtr) (void*)((intptr_t)(JLongAsPtr))
+#define S3JniCast_P2L(PTR) (jlong)((intptr_t)(PTR))
+
+/*
+** Shortcuts for the first 2 parameters to all JNI bindings.
+**
+** The type of the jSelf arg differs, but no docs seem to mention
+** this: for static methods it's of type jclass and for non-static
+** it's jobject. jobject actually works for all funcs, in the sense
+** that it compiles and runs so long as we don't use jSelf (which is
+** only rarely needed in this code), but to be pedantically correct we
+** need the proper type in the signature.
+**
+** https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/jni/spec/design.html#jni_interface_functions_and_pointers
+*/
+#define JniArgsEnvObj JNIEnv * const env, jobject jSelf
+#define JniArgsEnvClass JNIEnv * const env, jclass jKlazz
+/*
+** Helpers to account for -Xcheck:jni warnings about not having
+** checked for exceptions.
+*/
+#define S3JniIfThrew if( (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env) )
+#define S3JniExceptionClear (*env)->ExceptionClear(env)
+#define S3JniExceptionReport (*env)->ExceptionDescribe(env)
+#define S3JniExceptionIgnore S3JniIfThrew S3JniExceptionClear
+#define S3JniExceptionWarnIgnore \
+  S3JniIfThrew {S3JniExceptionReport; S3JniExceptionClear;}(void)0
+#define S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew(STR)             \
+  MARKER(("WARNING: " STR " MUST NOT THROW.\n"));  \
+  (*env)->ExceptionDescribe(env)
+
+/** To be used for cases where we're _really_ not expecting an
+    exception, e.g. looking up well-defined Java class members. */
+#define S3JniExceptionIsFatal(MSG) S3JniIfThrew {\
+    S3JniExceptionReport; S3JniExceptionClear; \
+    (*env)->FatalError(env, MSG); \
+  }
+
+/*
+** Declares local var env = s3jni_env(). All JNI calls involve a
+** JNIEnv somewhere, always named env, and many of our macros assume
+** env is in scope. Where it's not, but should be, use this to make it
+** so.
+*/
+#define S3JniDeclLocal_env JNIEnv * const env = s3jni_env()
+
+/* Fail fatally with an OOM message. */
+static inline void s3jni_oom(JNIEnv * const env){
+  (*env)->FatalError(env, "SQLite3 JNI is out of memory.") /* does not return */;
+}
+
+/*
+** sqlite3_malloc() proxy which fails fatally on OOM.  This should
+** only be used for routines which manage global state and have no
+** recovery strategy for OOM. For sqlite3 API which can reasonably
+** return SQLITE_NOMEM, s3jni_malloc() should be used instead.
+*/
+static void * s3jni_malloc_or_die(JNIEnv * const env, size_t n){
+  void * const rv = sqlite3_malloc(n);
+  if( n && !rv ) s3jni_oom(env);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/*
+** Works like sqlite3_malloc() unless built with SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM,
+** in which case it calls s3jni_oom() on OOM.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM
+#define s3jni_malloc(SIZE) s3jni_malloc_or_die(env, SIZE)
+#else
+#define s3jni_malloc(SIZE) sqlite3_malloc(((void)env,(SIZE)))
+/* the ((void)env) trickery here is to avoid ^^^^^^ an otherwise
+   unused arg in at least one place. */
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Works like sqlite3_realloc() unless built with SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM,
+** in which case it calls s3jni_oom() on OOM.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM
+static void * s3jni_realloc_or_die(JNIEnv * const env, void * p, size_t n){
+  void * const rv = sqlite3_realloc(p, (int)n);
+  if( n && !rv ) s3jni_oom(env);
+  return rv;
+}
+#define s3jni_realloc(MEM,SIZE) s3jni_realloc_or_die(env, (MEM), (SIZE))
+#else
+#define s3jni_realloc(MEM,SIZE) sqlite3_realloc((MEM), ((void)env, (SIZE)))
+#endif
+
+/* Fail fatally if !EXPR. */
+#define s3jni_oom_fatal(EXPR) if( !(EXPR) ) s3jni_oom(env)
+/* Maybe fail fatally if !EXPR. */
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_FATAL_OOM
+#define s3jni_oom_check s3jni_oom_fatal
+#else
+#define s3jni_oom_check(EXPR)
+#endif
+//#define S3JniDb_oom(pDb,EXPR) ((EXPR) ? sqlite3OomFault(pDb) : 0)
+
+#define s3jni_db_oom(pDb) (void)((pDb) ? ((pDb)->mallocFailed=1) : 0)
+
+/* Helpers for Java value reference management. */
+static jobject s3jni_ref_global(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const v){
+  jobject const rv = v ? (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, v) : NULL;
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( v ? !!rv : 1 );
+  return rv;
+}
+static jobject s3jni_ref_local(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const v){
+  jobject const rv = v ? (*env)->NewLocalRef(env, v) : NULL;
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( v ? !!rv : 1 );
+  return rv;
+}
+static inline void s3jni_unref_global(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const v){
+  if( v ) (*env)->DeleteGlobalRef(env, v);
+}
+static inline void s3jni_unref_local(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const v){
+  if( v ) (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, v);
+}
+#define S3JniRefGlobal(VAR) s3jni_ref_global(env, (VAR))
+#define S3JniRefLocal(VAR) s3jni_ref_local(env, (VAR))
+#define S3JniUnrefGlobal(VAR) s3jni_unref_global(env, (VAR))
+#define S3JniUnrefLocal(VAR) s3jni_unref_local(env, (VAR))
+
+/*
+** Lookup key type for use with s3jni_nphop() and a cache of a
+** frequently-needed Java-side class reference and one or two Java
+** class member IDs.
+*/
+typedef struct S3JniNphOp S3JniNphOp;
+struct S3JniNphOp {
+  const int index             /* index into S3JniGlobal.nph[] */;
+  const char * const zName    /* Full Java name of the class */;
+  const char * const zMember  /* Name of member property */;
+  const char * const zTypeSig /* JNI type signature of zMember */;
+  /*
+  ** klazz is a global ref to the class represented by pRef.
+  **
+  ** According to:
+  **
+  **   https://developer.ibm.com/articles/j-jni/
+  **
+  ** > ... the IDs returned for a given class don't change for the
+  **   lifetime of the JVM process. But the call to get the field or
+  **   method can require significant work in the JVM, because fields
+  **   and methods might have been inherited from superclasses, making
+  **   the JVM walk up the class hierarchy to find them. Because the
+  **   IDs are the same for a given class, you should look them up
+  **   once and then reuse them. Similarly, looking up class objects
+  **   can be expensive, so they should be cached as well.
+  */
+  jclass klazz;
+  volatile jfieldID fidValue  /* NativePointerHolder.nativePointer or
+                              ** OutputPointer.T.value */;
+  volatile jmethodID midCtor  /* klazz's no-arg constructor. Used by
+                              ** NativePointerHolder_new(). */;
+};
+
+/*
+** Cache keys for each concrete NativePointerHolder subclasses and
+** OutputPointer.T types. The members are to be used with s3jni_nphop()
+** and friends, and each one's member->index corresponds to its index
+** in the S3JniGlobal.nph[] array.
+*/
+static const struct {
+  const S3JniNphOp sqlite3;
+  const S3JniNphOp sqlite3_backup;
+  const S3JniNphOp sqlite3_blob;
+  const S3JniNphOp sqlite3_context;
+  const S3JniNphOp sqlite3_stmt;
+  const S3JniNphOp sqlite3_value;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_Bool;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_Int32;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_Int64;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_sqlite3;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_sqlite3_blob;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_sqlite3_stmt;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_sqlite3_value;
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_String;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+  const S3JniNphOp OutputPointer_ByteArray;
+  const S3JniNphOp Fts5Context;
+  const S3JniNphOp Fts5ExtensionApi;
+  const S3JniNphOp fts5_api;
+  const S3JniNphOp fts5_tokenizer;
+  const S3JniNphOp Fts5Tokenizer;
+#endif
+} S3JniNphOps = {
+#define MkRef(INDEX, KLAZZ, MEMBER, SIG) \
+  { INDEX, "org/sqlite/jni/" KLAZZ, MEMBER, SIG }
+/* NativePointerHolder ref */
+#define RefN(INDEX, KLAZZ) MkRef(INDEX, KLAZZ, "nativePointer", "J")
+/* OutputPointer.T ref */
+#define RefO(INDEX, KLAZZ, SIG) MkRef(INDEX, KLAZZ, "value", SIG)
+  RefN(0,  "capi/sqlite3"),
+  RefN(1,  "capi/sqlite3_backup"),
+  RefN(2,  "capi/sqlite3_blob"),
+  RefN(3,  "capi/sqlite3_context"),
+  RefN(4,  "capi/sqlite3_stmt"),
+  RefN(5,  "capi/sqlite3_value"),
+  RefO(6,  "capi/OutputPointer$Bool",  "Z"),
+  RefO(7,  "capi/OutputPointer$Int32", "I"),
+  RefO(8,  "capi/OutputPointer$Int64", "J"),
+  RefO(9,  "capi/OutputPointer$sqlite3",
+           "Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;"),
+  RefO(10, "capi/OutputPointer$sqlite3_blob",
+           "Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_blob;"),
+  RefO(11, "capi/OutputPointer$sqlite3_stmt",
+           "Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;"),
+  RefO(12, "capi/OutputPointer$sqlite3_value",
+           "Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value;"),
+  RefO(13, "capi/OutputPointer$String", "Ljava/lang/String;"),
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+  RefO(14, "capi/OutputPointer$ByteArray", "[B"),
+  RefN(15, "fts5/Fts5Context"),
+  RefN(16, "fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi"),
+  RefN(17, "fts5/fts5_api"),
+  RefN(18, "fts5/fts5_tokenizer"),
+  RefN(19, "fts5/Fts5Tokenizer")
+#endif
+#undef MkRef
+#undef RefN
+#undef RefO
+};
+
+#define S3JniNph(T) &S3JniNphOps.T
+
+enum {
+  /*
+  ** Size of the NativePointerHolder cache.  Need enough space for
+  ** (only) the library's NativePointerHolder and OutputPointer types,
+  ** a fixed count known at build-time.  This value needs to be
+  ** exactly the number of S3JniNphOp entries in the S3JniNphOps
+  ** object.
+  */
+  S3Jni_NphCache_size = sizeof(S3JniNphOps) / sizeof(S3JniNphOp)
+};
+
+/*
+** State for binding C callbacks to Java methods.
+*/
+typedef struct S3JniHook S3JniHook;
+struct S3JniHook{
+  jobject jObj            /* global ref to Java instance */;
+  jmethodID midCallback   /* callback method. Signature depends on
+                          ** jObj's type */;
+  /* We lookup the jObj.xDestroy() method as-needed for contexts which
+  ** support custom finalizers. Fundamentally we can support them for
+  ** any Java type, but we only want to expose support for them where
+  ** the C API does. */
+  jobject jExtra          /* Global ref to a per-hook-type value */;
+  int doXDestroy          /* If true then S3JniHook_unref() will call
+                             jObj->xDestroy() if it's available. */;
+  S3JniHook * pNext      /* Next entry in S3Global.hooks.aFree */;
+};
+/* For clean bitwise-copy init of local instances. */
+static const S3JniHook S3JniHook_empty = {0,0,0,0,0};
+
+/*
+** Per-(sqlite3*) state for various JNI bindings.  This state is
+** allocated as needed, cleaned up in sqlite3_close(_v2)(), and
+** recycled when possible.
+**
+** Trivia: vars and parameters of this type are often named "ps"
+** because this class used to have a name for which that abbreviation
+** made sense.
+*/
+typedef struct S3JniDb S3JniDb;
+struct S3JniDb {
+  sqlite3 *pDb  /* The associated db handle */;
+  jobject jDb   /* A global ref of the output object which gets
+                   returned from sqlite3_open(_v2)(). We need this in
+                   order to have an object to pass to routines like
+                   sqlite3_collation_needed()'s callback, or else we
+                   have to dynamically create one for that purpose,
+                   which would be fine except that it would be a
+                   different instance (and maybe even a different
+                   class) than the one the user may expect to
+                   receive. */;
+  char * zMainDbName  /* Holds the string allocated on behalf of
+                         SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME. */;
+  struct {
+    S3JniHook busyHandler;
+    S3JniHook collationNeeded;
+    S3JniHook commit;
+    S3JniHook progress;
+    S3JniHook rollback;
+    S3JniHook trace;
+    S3JniHook update;
+    S3JniHook auth;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+    S3JniHook preUpdate;
+#endif
+  } hooks;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+  /* FTS5-specific state */
+  struct {
+    jobject jApi  /* global ref to s3jni_fts5_api_from_db() */;
+  } fts;
+#endif
+  S3JniDb * pNext /* Next entry in SJG.perDb.aFree */;
+};
+
+static const char * const S3JniDb_clientdata_key = "S3JniDb";
+#define S3JniDb_from_clientdata(pDb)                                \
+  (pDb ? sqlite3_get_clientdata(pDb, S3JniDb_clientdata_key) : 0)
+
+/*
+** Cache for per-JNIEnv (i.e. per-thread) data.
+**
+** Trivia: vars and parameters of this type are often named "jc"
+** because this class used to have a name for which that abbreviation
+** made sense.
+*/
+typedef struct S3JniEnv S3JniEnv;
+struct S3JniEnv {
+  JNIEnv *env /* JNIEnv in which this cache entry was created */;
+  /*
+  ** pdbOpening is used to coordinate the Java/DB connection of a
+  ** being-open()'d db in the face of auto-extensions.
+  ** Auto-extensions run before we can bind the C db to its Java
+  ** representation, but auto-extensions require that binding to pass
+  ** on to their Java-side callbacks. We handle this as follows:
+  **
+  ** - In the JNI side of sqlite3_open(), allocate the Java side of
+  **   that connection and set pdbOpening to point to that
+  **   object.
+  **
+  ** - Call sqlite3_open(), which triggers the auto-extension
+  **   handler.  That handler uses pdbOpening to connect the native
+  **   db handle which it receives with pdbOpening.
+  **
+  ** - When sqlite3_open() returns, check whether pdbOpening->pDb is
+  **   NULL. If it isn't, auto-extension handling set it up.  If it
+  **   is, complete the Java/C binding unless sqlite3_open() returns
+  **   a NULL db, in which case free pdbOpening.
+  */
+  S3JniDb * pdbOpening;
+  S3JniEnv * pNext /* Next entry in SJG.envCache.aHead or
+                      SJG.envCache.aFree */;
+};
+
+/*
+** State for proxying sqlite3_auto_extension() in Java. This was
+** initially a separate class from S3JniHook and now the older name is
+** retained for readability in the APIs which use this, as well as for
+** its better code-searchability.
+*/
+typedef S3JniHook S3JniAutoExtension;
+
+/*
+** Type IDs for SQL function categories.
+*/
+enum UDFType {
+  UDF_UNKNOWN_TYPE = 0/*for error propagation*/,
+  UDF_SCALAR,
+  UDF_AGGREGATE,
+  UDF_WINDOW
+};
+
+/*
+** State for binding Java-side UDFs.
+*/
+typedef struct S3JniUdf S3JniUdf;
+struct S3JniUdf {
+  jobject jObj           /* SQLFunction instance */;
+  char * zFuncName       /* Only for error reporting and debug logging */;
+  enum UDFType type      /* UDF type */;
+  /** Method IDs for the various UDF methods. */
+  jmethodID jmidxFunc    /* xFunc method (scalar) */;
+  jmethodID jmidxStep    /* xStep method (aggregate/window) */;
+  jmethodID jmidxFinal   /* xFinal method (aggregate/window) */;
+  jmethodID jmidxValue   /* xValue method (window) */;
+  jmethodID jmidxInverse /* xInverse method (window) */;
+  S3JniUdf * pNext       /* Next entry in SJG.udf.aFree. */;
+};
+
+#if defined(SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS) && 0==SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS
+#  undef SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS
+#endif
+
+/*
+** If true, modifying S3JniGlobal.metrics is protected by a mutex,
+** else it isn't.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+#  define S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX SQLITE_THREADSAFE
+#else
+#  define S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX 0
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS
+#  undef S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX
+#  define S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Global state, e.g. caches and metrics.
+*/
+typedef struct S3JniGlobalType S3JniGlobalType;
+struct S3JniGlobalType {
+  /*
+  ** According to: https://developer.ibm.com/articles/j-jni/
+  **
+  ** > A thread can get a JNIEnv by calling GetEnv() using the JNI
+  **   invocation interface through a JavaVM object. The JavaVM object
+  **   itself can be obtained by calling the JNI GetJavaVM() method
+  **   using a JNIEnv object and can be cached and shared across
+  **   threads. Caching a copy of the JavaVM object enables any thread
+  **   with access to the cached object to get access to its own
+  **   JNIEnv when necessary.
+  */
+  JavaVM * jvm;
+  /*
+  ** Global mutex. It must not be used for anything which might call
+  ** back into the JNI layer.
+  */
+  sqlite3_mutex * mutex;
+  /*
+  ** Cache of references to Java classes and method IDs for
+  ** NativePointerHolder subclasses and OutputPointer.T types.
+  */
+  struct {
+    S3JniNphOp list[S3Jni_NphCache_size];
+    sqlite3_mutex * mutex;    /* mutex for this->list */
+    volatile void const * locker;  /* sanity-checking-only context object
+                                      for this->mutex */
+  } nph;
+  /*
+  ** Cache of per-thread state.
+  */
+  struct {
+    S3JniEnv * aHead      /* Linked list of in-use instances */;
+    S3JniEnv * aFree      /* Linked list of free instances */;
+    sqlite3_mutex * mutex /* mutex for aHead and aFree. */;
+    volatile void const * locker  /* env mutex is held on this
+                                     object's behalf.  Used only for
+                                     sanity checking. */;
+  } envCache;
+  /*
+  ** Per-db state. This can move into the core library once we can tie
+  ** client-defined state to db handles there.
+  */
+  struct {
+    S3JniDb * aFree  /* Linked list of free instances */;
+    sqlite3_mutex * mutex /* mutex for aHead and aFree */;
+    volatile void const * locker
+    /* perDb mutex is held on this object's behalf. Used only for
+       sanity checking. Note that the mutex is at the class level, not
+       instance level. */;
+  } perDb;
+  struct {
+    S3JniUdf * aFree    /* Head of the free-item list. Guarded by global
+                           mutex. */;
+  } udf;
+  /*
+  ** Refs to global classes and methods. Obtained during static init
+  ** and never released.
+  */
+  struct {
+    jclass cLong             /* global ref to java.lang.Long */;
+    jclass cString           /* global ref to java.lang.String */;
+    jobject oCharsetUtf8     /* global ref to StandardCharset.UTF_8 */;
+    jmethodID ctorLong1      /* the Long(long) constructor */;
+    jmethodID ctorStringBA   /* the String(byte[],Charset) constructor */;
+    jmethodID stringGetBytes /* the String.getBytes(Charset) method */;
+  } g;
+  /*
+  ** The list of Java-side auto-extensions
+  ** (org.sqlite.jni.capi.AutoExtensionCallback objects).
+  */
+  struct {
+    S3JniAutoExtension *aExt /* The auto-extension list. It is
+                                maintained such that all active
+                                entries are in the first contiguous
+                                nExt array elements. */;
+    int nAlloc               /* number of entries allocated for aExt,
+                                as distinct from the number of active
+                                entries. */;
+    int nExt                 /* number of active entries in aExt, all in the
+                                first nExt'th array elements. */;
+    sqlite3_mutex * mutex    /* mutex for manipulation/traversal of aExt */;
+    volatile const void * locker /* object on whose behalf the mutex
+                                    is held.  Only for sanity checking
+                                    in debug builds. */;
+  } autoExt;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+  struct {
+    volatile jobject jExt /* Global ref to Java singleton for the
+                             Fts5ExtensionApi instance. */;
+    struct {
+      jfieldID fidA       /* Fts5Phrase::a member */;
+      jfieldID fidB       /* Fts5Phrase::b member */;
+    } jPhraseIter;
+  } fts5;
+#endif
+  struct {
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
+    S3JniHook sqllog      /* sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG) callback */;
+#endif
+    S3JniHook configlog   /* sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG) callback */;
+    S3JniHook * aFree     /* free-item list, for recycling. */;
+    sqlite3_mutex * mutex /* mutex for aFree */;
+    volatile const void * locker /* object on whose behalf the mutex
+                                    is held.  Only for sanity checking
+                                    in debug builds. */;
+  } hook;
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS
+  /* Internal metrics. */
+  struct {
+    volatile unsigned nEnvHit;
+    volatile unsigned nEnvMiss;
+    volatile unsigned nEnvAlloc;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexEnv       /* number of times envCache.mutex was entered for
+                                         a S3JniEnv operation. */;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexNph       /* number of times SJG.mutex was entered */;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexHook      /* number of times SJG.mutex hooks.was entered */;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexPerDb     /* number of times perDb.mutex was entered */;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexAutoExt   /* number of times autoExt.mutex was entered */;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexGlobal    /* number of times global mutex was entered. */;
+    volatile unsigned nMutexUdf       /* number of times global mutex was entered
+                                         for UDFs. */;
+    volatile unsigned nDestroy        /* xDestroy() calls across all types */;
+    volatile unsigned nPdbAlloc       /* Number of S3JniDb alloced. */;
+    volatile unsigned nPdbRecycled    /* Number of S3JniDb reused. */;
+    volatile unsigned nUdfAlloc       /* Number of S3JniUdf alloced. */;
+    volatile unsigned nUdfRecycled    /* Number of S3JniUdf reused. */;
+    volatile unsigned nHookAlloc      /* Number of S3JniHook alloced. */;
+    volatile unsigned nHookRecycled   /* Number of S3JniHook reused. */;
+    struct {
+      /* Number of calls for each type of UDF callback. */
+      volatile unsigned nFunc;
+      volatile unsigned nStep;
+      volatile unsigned nFinal;
+      volatile unsigned nValue;
+      volatile unsigned nInverse;
+    } udf;
+    unsigned nMetrics                 /* Total number of mutex-locked
+                                         metrics increments. */;
+#if S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX
+    sqlite3_mutex * mutex;
+#endif
+  } metrics;
+#endif /* SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS */
+};
+static S3JniGlobalType S3JniGlobal = {};
+#define SJG S3JniGlobal
+
+/* Increments *p, possibly protected by a mutex. */
+#ifndef SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS
+#define s3jni_incr(PTR)
+#elif S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX
+static void s3jni_incr( volatile unsigned int * const p ){
+  sqlite3_mutex_enter(SJG.metrics.mutex);
+  ++SJG.metrics.nMetrics;
+  ++(*p);
+  sqlite3_mutex_leave(SJG.metrics.mutex);
+}
+#else
+#define s3jni_incr(PTR) ++(*(PTR))
+#endif
+
+/* Helpers for working with specific mutexes. */
+#if SQLITE_THREADSAFE
+#define s3jni_mutex_enter2(M, Metric) \
+  sqlite3_mutex_enter( M );           \
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.Metric )
+#define s3jni_mutex_leave2(M) \
+  sqlite3_mutex_leave( M )
+
+#define s3jni_mutex_enter(M, L, Metric)                    \
+  assert( (void*)env != (void*)L && "Invalid use of " #L); \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter2( M, Metric );                         \
+  L = env
+#define s3jni_mutex_leave(M, L)                            \
+  assert( (void*)env == (void*)L && "Invalid use of " #L); \
+  L = 0;                                                   \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave2( M )
+
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_assertLocked \
+  assert( 0 != SJG.envCache.locker && "Misuse of S3JniGlobal.envCache.mutex" )
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_assertLocker \
+  assert( (env) == SJG.envCache.locker && "Misuse of S3JniGlobal.envCache.mutex" )
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_assertNotLocker \
+  assert( (env) != SJG.envCache.locker && "Misuse of S3JniGlobal.envCache.mutex" )
+
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_enter \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter( SJG.envCache.mutex, SJG.envCache.locker, nMutexEnv )
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_leave \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave( SJG.envCache.mutex, SJG.envCache.locker )
+
+#define S3JniAutoExt_mutex_enter \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter( SJG.autoExt.mutex, SJG.autoExt.locker, nMutexAutoExt )
+#define S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave( SJG.autoExt.mutex, SJG.autoExt.locker )
+#define S3JniAutoExt_mutex_assertLocker                     \
+  assert( env == SJG.autoExt.locker && "Misuse of S3JniGlobal.autoExt.mutex" )
+
+#define S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter2( SJG.mutex, nMutexGlobal )
+#define S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave2( SJG.mutex )
+
+#define S3JniHook_mutex_enter \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter( SJG.hook.mutex, SJG.hook.locker, nMutexHook )
+#define S3JniHook_mutex_leave \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave( SJG.hook.mutex, SJG.hook.locker )
+
+#define S3JniNph_mutex_enter \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter( SJG.nph.mutex, SJG.nph.locker, nMutexNph )
+#define S3JniNph_mutex_leave \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave( SJG.nph.mutex, SJG.nph.locker )
+
+#define S3JniDb_mutex_assertLocker \
+  assert( (env) == SJG.perDb.locker && "Misuse of S3JniGlobal.perDb.mutex" )
+#define S3JniDb_mutex_enter \
+  s3jni_mutex_enter( SJG.perDb.mutex, SJG.perDb.locker, nMutexPerDb )
+#define S3JniDb_mutex_leave \
+  s3jni_mutex_leave( SJG.perDb.mutex, SJG.perDb.locker )
+
+#else /* SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0 */
+#define S3JniAutoExt_mutex_assertLocker
+#define S3JniAutoExt_mutex_enter
+#define S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave
+#define S3JniDb_mutex_assertLocker
+#define S3JniDb_mutex_enter
+#define S3JniDb_mutex_leave
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_assertLocked
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_assertLocker
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_assertNotLocker
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_enter
+#define S3JniEnv_mutex_leave
+#define S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter
+#define S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave
+#define S3JniHook_mutex_enter
+#define S3JniHook_mutex_leave
+#define S3JniNph_mutex_enter
+#define S3JniNph_mutex_leave
+#endif
+
+/* Helpers for jstring and jbyteArray. */
+static const char * s3jni__jstring_to_mutf8(JNIEnv * const env, jstring v ){
+  const char *z = v ? (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, v, NULL) : 0;
+  s3jni_oom_check( v ? !!z : !z );
+  return z;
+}
+
+#define s3jni_jstring_to_mutf8(ARG) s3jni__jstring_to_mutf8(env, (ARG))
+#define s3jni_mutf8_release(ARG,VAR) if( VAR ) (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, ARG, VAR)
+
+/*
+** If jBA is not NULL then its GetByteArrayElements() value is
+** returned. If jBA is not NULL and nBA is not NULL then *nBA is set
+** to the GetArrayLength() of jBA. If GetByteArrayElements() requires
+** an allocation and that allocation fails then this function either
+** fails fatally or returns 0, depending on build-time options.
+ */
+static jbyte * s3jni__jbyteArray_bytes2(JNIEnv * const env, jbyteArray jBA, jsize * nBA ){
+  jbyte * const rv = jBA ? (*env)->GetByteArrayElements(env, jBA, NULL) : 0;
+  s3jni_oom_check( jBA ? !!rv : 1 );
+  if( jBA && nBA ) *nBA = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jBA);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+#define s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes2(jByteArray,ptrToSz) \
+  s3jni__jbyteArray_bytes2(env, (jByteArray), (ptrToSz))
+#define s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jByteArray) s3jni__jbyteArray_bytes2(env, (jByteArray), 0)
+#define s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jByteArray,jBytes) \
+  if( jBytes ) (*env)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(env, jByteArray, jBytes, JNI_ABORT)
+#define s3jni_jbyteArray_commit(jByteArray,jBytes) \
+  if( jBytes ) (*env)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(env, jByteArray, jBytes, JNI_COMMIT)
+
+/*
+** Returns the current JNIEnv object. Fails fatally if it cannot find
+** the object.
+*/
+static JNIEnv * s3jni_env(void){
+  JNIEnv * env = 0;
+  if( (*SJG.jvm)->GetEnv(SJG.jvm, (void **)&env,
+                                 JNI_VERSION_1_8) ){
+    fprintf(stderr, "Fatal error: cannot get current JNIEnv.\n");
+    abort();
+  }
+  return env;
+}
+
+/*
+** Fetches the S3JniGlobal.envCache row for the given env, allocing a
+** row if needed. When a row is allocated, its state is initialized
+** insofar as possible. Calls (*env)->FatalError() if allocation of an
+** entry fails. That's hypothetically possible but "shouldn't happen."
+*/
+static S3JniEnv * S3JniEnv__get(JNIEnv * const env){
+  struct S3JniEnv * row;
+  S3JniEnv_mutex_enter;
+  row = SJG.envCache.aHead;
+  for( ; row; row = row->pNext ){
+    if( row->env == env ){
+      s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.nEnvHit );
+      S3JniEnv_mutex_leave;
+      return row;
+    }
+  }
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.nEnvMiss );
+  row = SJG.envCache.aFree;
+  if( row ){
+    SJG.envCache.aFree = row->pNext;
+  }else{
+    row = s3jni_malloc_or_die(env, sizeof(*row));
+    s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.nEnvAlloc );
+  }
+  memset(row, 0, sizeof(*row));
+  row->pNext = SJG.envCache.aHead;
+  SJG.envCache.aHead = row;
+  row->env = env;
+
+  S3JniEnv_mutex_leave;
+  return row;
+}
+
+#define S3JniEnv_get() S3JniEnv__get(env)
+
+/*
+** This function is NOT part of the sqlite3 public API. It is strictly
+** for use by the sqlite project's own Java/JNI bindings.
+**
+** For purposes of certain hand-crafted JNI function bindings, we
+** need a way of reporting errors which is consistent with the rest of
+** the C API, as opposed to throwing Java exceptions. To that end, this
+** internal-use-only function is a thin proxy around
+** sqlite3ErrorWithMessage(). The intent is that it only be used from
+** JNI bindings such as sqlite3_prepare_v2/v3(), and definitely not
+** from client code.
+**
+** Returns err_code.
+*/
+static int s3jni_db_error(sqlite3* const db, int err_code,
+                          const char * const zMsg){
+  if( db!=0 ){
+    if( 0==zMsg ){
+      sqlite3Error(db, err_code);
+    }else{
+      const int nMsg = sqlite3Strlen30(zMsg);
+      sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_db_mutex(db));
+      sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, err_code, "%.*s", nMsg, zMsg);
+      sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_db_mutex(db));
+    }
+  }
+  return err_code;
+}
+
+/*
+** Creates a new jByteArray of length nP, copies p's contents into it,
+** and returns that byte array (NULL on OOM unless fail-fast alloc
+** errors are enabled). p may be NULL, in which case the array is
+** created but no bytes are filled.
+*/
+static jbyteArray s3jni__new_jbyteArray(JNIEnv * const env,
+                                       const void * const p, int nP){
+  jbyteArray jba = (*env)->NewByteArray(env, (jint)nP);
+
+  s3jni_oom_check( jba );
+  if( jba && p ){
+    (*env)->SetByteArrayRegion(env, jba, 0, (jint)nP, (const jbyte*)p);
+  }
+  return jba;
+}
+
+#define s3jni_new_jbyteArray(P,n) s3jni__new_jbyteArray(env, P, n)
+
+
+/*
+** Uses the java.lang.String(byte[],Charset) constructor to create a
+** new String from UTF-8 string z. n is the number of bytes to
+** copy. If n<0 then sqlite3Strlen30() is used to calculate it.
+**
+** Returns NULL if z is NULL or on OOM, else returns a new jstring
+** owned by the caller.
+**
+** Sidebar: this is a painfully inefficient way to convert from
+** standard UTF-8 to a Java string, but JNI offers only algorithms for
+** working with MUTF-8, not UTF-8.
+*/
+static jstring s3jni__utf8_to_jstring(JNIEnv * const env,
+                                      const char * const z, int n){
+  jstring rv = NULL;
+  if( 0==n || (n<0 && z && !z[0]) ){
+    /* Fast-track the empty-string case via the MUTF-8 API. We could
+       hypothetically do this for any strings where n<4 and z is
+       NUL-terminated and none of z[0..3] are NUL bytes. */
+    rv = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "");
+    s3jni_oom_check( rv );
+  }else if( z ){
+    jbyteArray jba;
+    if( n<0 ) n = sqlite3Strlen30(z);
+    jba = s3jni_new_jbyteArray((unsigned const char *)z, n);
+    if( jba ){
+      rv = (*env)->NewObject(env, SJG.g.cString, SJG.g.ctorStringBA,
+                             jba, SJG.g.oCharsetUtf8);
+      S3JniIfThrew{
+        S3JniExceptionReport;
+        S3JniExceptionClear;
+      }
+      S3JniUnrefLocal(jba);
+    }
+    s3jni_oom_check( rv );
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+#define s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(CStr,n) s3jni__utf8_to_jstring(env, CStr, n)
+
+/*
+** Converts the given java.lang.String object into a NUL-terminated
+** UTF-8 C-string by calling jstr.getBytes(StandardCharset.UTF_8).
+** Returns NULL if jstr is NULL or on allocation error. If jstr is not
+** NULL and nLen is not NULL then nLen is set to the length of the
+** returned string, not including the terminating NUL. If jstr is not
+** NULL and it returns NULL, this indicates an allocation error. In
+** that case, if nLen is not NULL then it is either set to 0 (if
+** fetching of jstr's bytes fails to allocate) or set to what would
+** have been the length of the string had C-string allocation
+** succeeded.
+**
+** The returned memory is allocated from sqlite3_malloc() and
+** ownership is transferred to the caller.
+*/
+static char * s3jni__jstring_to_utf8(JNIEnv * const env,
+                                    jstring jstr, int *nLen){
+  jbyteArray jba;
+  jsize nBA;
+  char *rv;
+
+  if( !jstr ) return 0;
+  jba = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, jstr, SJG.g.stringGetBytes,
+                                 SJG.g.oCharsetUtf8);
+
+  if( (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env) || !jba
+      /* order of these checks is significant for -Xlint:jni */ ) {
+    S3JniExceptionReport;
+    s3jni_oom_check( jba );
+    if( nLen ) *nLen = 0;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  nBA = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jba);
+  if( nLen ) *nLen = (int)nBA;
+  rv = s3jni_malloc( nBA + 1 );
+  if( rv ){
+    (*env)->GetByteArrayRegion(env, jba, 0, nBA, (jbyte*)rv);
+    rv[nBA] = 0;
+  }
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jba);
+  return rv;
+}
+#define s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(JStr,n) s3jni__jstring_to_utf8(env, JStr, n)
+
+/*
+** Expects to be passed a pointer from sqlite3_column_text16() or
+** sqlite3_value_text16() and a byte-length value from
+** sqlite3_column_bytes16() or sqlite3_value_bytes16(). It creates a
+** Java String of exactly half that character length, returning NULL
+** if !p or (*env)->NewString() fails.
+*/
+static jstring s3jni_text16_to_jstring(JNIEnv * const env, const void * const p, int nP){
+  jstring const rv = p
+    ? (*env)->NewString(env, (const jchar *)p, (jsize)(nP/2))
+    : NULL;
+  s3jni_oom_check( p ? !!rv : 1 );
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/*
+** Requires jx to be a Throwable. Calls its toString() method and
+** returns its value converted to a UTF-8 string. The caller owns the
+** returned string and must eventually sqlite3_free() it.  Returns 0
+** if there is a problem fetching the info or on OOM.
+**
+** Design note: we use toString() instead of getMessage() because the
+** former includes the exception type's name:
+**
+**  Exception e = new RuntimeException("Hi");
+**  System.out.println(e.toString()); // java.lang.RuntimeException: Hi
+**  System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // Hi
+*/
+static char * s3jni_exception_error_msg(JNIEnv * const env, jthrowable jx){
+  jmethodID mid;
+  jstring msg;
+  char * zMsg;
+  jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jx);
+  mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  S3JniIfThrew{
+    S3JniExceptionReport;
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  msg = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, jx, mid);
+  S3JniIfThrew{
+    S3JniExceptionReport;
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  zMsg = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( msg, 0);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(msg);
+  return zMsg;
+}
+
+/*
+** Extracts env's current exception, sets ps->pDb's error message to
+** its message string, and clears the exception. If errCode is non-0,
+** it is used as-is, else SQLITE_ERROR is assumed. If there's a
+** problem extracting the exception's message, it's treated as
+** non-fatal and zDfltMsg is used in its place.
+**
+** Locks the global S3JniDb mutex.
+**
+** This must only be called if a JNI exception is pending.
+**
+** Returns errCode unless it is 0, in which case SQLITE_ERROR is
+** returned.
+*/
+static int s3jni__db_exception(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3 * const pDb,
+                              int errCode, const char *zDfltMsg){
+  jthrowable const ex = (*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env);
+
+  if( 0==errCode ) errCode = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  if( ex ){
+    char * zMsg;
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    zMsg = s3jni_exception_error_msg(env, ex);
+    s3jni_db_error(pDb, errCode, zMsg ? zMsg : zDfltMsg);
+    sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(ex);
+  }else if( zDfltMsg ){
+    s3jni_db_error(pDb, errCode, zDfltMsg);
+  }
+  return errCode;
+}
+#define s3jni_db_exception(pDb,ERRCODE,DFLTMSG) \
+  s3jni__db_exception(env, (pDb), (ERRCODE), (DFLTMSG) )
+
+/*
+** Extracts the (void xDestroy()) method from jObj and applies it to
+** jObj. If jObj is NULL, this is a no-op. The lack of an xDestroy()
+** method is silently ignored. Any exceptions thrown by xDestroy()
+** trigger a warning to stdout or stderr and then the exception is
+** suppressed.
+*/
+static void s3jni__call_xDestroy(JNIEnv * const env, jobject jObj){
+  if( jObj ){
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jObj);
+    jmethodID method = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "xDestroy", "()V");
+
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    if( method ){
+      s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.nDestroy );
+      (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, jObj, method);
+      S3JniIfThrew{
+        S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("xDestroy() callback");
+        S3JniExceptionClear;
+      }
+    }else{
+      /* Non-fatal. */
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+    }
+  }
+}
+#define s3jni_call_xDestroy(JOBJ) s3jni__call_xDestroy(env, (JOBJ))
+
+/*
+** Internal helper for many hook callback impls. Locks the S3JniDb
+** mutex, makes a copy of src into dest, with a some differences: (1)
+** if src->jObj or src->jExtra are not NULL then dest will be a new
+** LOCAL ref to it instead of a copy of the prior GLOBAL ref. (2)
+** dest->doXDestroy is always false.
+**
+** If dest->jObj is not NULL when this returns then the caller is
+** obligated to eventually free the new ref by passing *dest to
+** S3JniHook_localundup(). The dest pointer must NOT be passed to
+** S3JniHook_unref(), as that routine assumes that dest->jObj/jExtra
+** are GLOBAL refs (it's illegal to try to unref the wrong ref type).
+**
+** Background: when running a hook we need a call-local copy lest
+** another thread modify the hook while we're running it. That copy
+** has to have its own Java reference, but it need only be call-local.
+*/
+static void S3JniHook__localdup( JNIEnv * const env, S3JniHook const * const src,
+                                 S3JniHook * const dest ){
+  S3JniHook_mutex_enter;
+  *dest = *src;
+  if(src->jObj) dest->jObj = S3JniRefLocal(src->jObj);
+  if(src->jExtra) dest->jExtra = S3JniRefLocal(src->jExtra);
+  dest->doXDestroy = 0;
+  S3JniHook_mutex_leave;
+}
+#define S3JniHook_localdup(src,dest) S3JniHook__localdup(env,src,dest)
+
+static void S3JniHook__localundup( JNIEnv * const env, S3JniHook * const h  ){
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(h->jObj);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(h->jExtra);
+  *h = S3JniHook_empty;
+}
+#define S3JniHook_localundup(HOOK) S3JniHook__localundup(env, &(HOOK))
+
+/*
+** Removes any Java references from s and clears its state. If
+** doXDestroy is true and s->jObj is not NULL, s->jObj
+** is passed to s3jni_call_xDestroy() before any references are
+** cleared. It is legal to call this when the object has no Java
+** references. s must not be NULL.
+*/
+static void S3JniHook__unref(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniHook * const s){
+  if( s->jObj ){
+    if( s->doXDestroy ){
+      s3jni_call_xDestroy(s->jObj);
+    }
+    S3JniUnrefGlobal(s->jObj);
+    S3JniUnrefGlobal(s->jExtra);
+  }else{
+    assert( !s->jExtra );
+  }
+  *s = S3JniHook_empty;
+}
+#define S3JniHook_unref(hook) S3JniHook__unref(env, (hook))
+
+/*
+** Allocates one blank S3JniHook object from the recycling bin, if
+** available, else from the heap. Returns NULL or dies on OOM,
+** depending on build options.  Locks on SJG.hooks.mutex.
+*/
+static S3JniHook *S3JniHook__alloc(JNIEnv  * const env){
+  S3JniHook * p = 0;
+  S3JniHook_mutex_enter;
+  if( SJG.hook.aFree ){
+    p = SJG.hook.aFree;
+    SJG.hook.aFree = p->pNext;
+    p->pNext = 0;
+    s3jni_incr(&SJG.metrics.nHookRecycled);
+  }
+  S3JniHook_mutex_leave;
+  if( 0==p ){
+    p = s3jni_malloc(sizeof(S3JniHook));
+    if( p ){
+      s3jni_incr(&SJG.metrics.nHookAlloc);
+    }
+  }
+  if( p ){
+    *p = S3JniHook_empty;
+  }
+  return p;
+}
+#define S3JniHook_alloc() S3JniHook__alloc(env)
+
+/*
+** The rightful fate of all results from S3JniHook_alloc(). Locks on
+** SJG.hook.mutex.
+*/
+static void S3JniHook__free(JNIEnv  * const env, S3JniHook * const p){
+  if(p){
+    assert( !p->pNext );
+    S3JniHook_unref(p);
+    S3JniHook_mutex_enter;
+    p->pNext = SJG.hook.aFree;
+    SJG.hook.aFree = p;
+    S3JniHook_mutex_leave;
+  }
+}
+#define S3JniHook_free(hook) S3JniHook__free(env, hook)
+
+#if 0
+/* S3JniHook__free() without the lock: caller must hold the global mutex */
+static void S3JniHook__free_unlocked(JNIEnv  * const env, S3JniHook * const p){
+  if(p){
+    assert( !p->pNext );
+    assert( p->pNext != SJG.hook.aFree );
+    S3JniHook_unref(p);
+    p->pNext = SJG.hook.aFree;
+    SJG.hook.aFree = p;
+  }
+}
+#define S3JniHook_free_unlocked(hook) S3JniHook__free_unlocked(env, hook)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Clears all of s's state. Requires that that the caller has locked
+** S3JniGlobal.perDb.mutex. Make sure to do anything needed with
+** s->pNext and s->pPrev before calling this, as this clears them.
+*/
+static void S3JniDb_clear(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniDb * const s){
+  S3JniDb_mutex_assertLocker;
+  sqlite3_free( s->zMainDbName );
+#define UNHOOK(MEMBER) \
+  S3JniHook_unref(&s->hooks.MEMBER)
+  UNHOOK(auth);
+  UNHOOK(busyHandler);
+  UNHOOK(collationNeeded);
+  UNHOOK(commit);
+  UNHOOK(progress);
+  UNHOOK(rollback);
+  UNHOOK(trace);
+  UNHOOK(update);
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+  UNHOOK(preUpdate);
+#endif
+#undef UNHOOK
+  S3JniUnrefGlobal(s->jDb);
+  memset(s, 0, sizeof(S3JniDb));
+}
+
+/*
+** Clears s's state and moves it to the free-list. Requires that
+** S3JniGlobal.perDb.mutex is locked.
+*/
+static void S3JniDb__set_aside_unlocked(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniDb * const s){
+  assert( s );
+  S3JniDb_mutex_assertLocker;
+  if( s ){
+    S3JniDb_clear(env, s);
+    s->pNext = SJG.perDb.aFree;
+    SJG.perDb.aFree = s;
+  }
+}
+#define S3JniDb_set_aside_unlocked(JniDb) S3JniDb__set_aside_unlocked(env, JniDb)
+
+static void S3JniDb__set_aside(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniDb * const s){
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  S3JniDb_set_aside_unlocked(s);
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+}
+#define S3JniDb_set_aside(JNIDB) S3JniDb__set_aside(env, JNIDB)
+
+/*
+** Uncache any state for the given JNIEnv, clearing all Java
+** references the cache owns. Returns true if env was cached and false
+** if it was not found in the cache. Ownership of the S3JniEnv object
+** associated with the given argument is transferred to this function,
+** which makes it free for re-use.
+**
+** Requires that the env mutex be locked.
+*/
+static int S3JniEnv_uncache(JNIEnv * const env){
+  struct S3JniEnv * row;
+  struct S3JniEnv * pPrev = 0;
+
+  S3JniEnv_mutex_assertLocked;
+  row = SJG.envCache.aHead;
+  for( ; row; pPrev = row, row = row->pNext ){
+    if( row->env == env ){
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  if( !row ){
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if( pPrev) pPrev->pNext = row->pNext;
+  else{
+    assert( SJG.envCache.aHead == row );
+    SJG.envCache.aHead = row->pNext;
+  }
+  memset(row, 0, sizeof(S3JniEnv));
+  row->pNext = SJG.envCache.aFree;
+  SJG.envCache.aFree = row;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+** Fetches the given nph-ref from cache the cache and returns the
+** object with its klazz member set. This is an O(1) operation except
+** on the first call for a given pRef, during which pRef->klazz and
+** pRef->pRef are initialized thread-safely. In the latter case it's
+** still effectively O(1), but with a much longer 1.
+**
+** It is up to the caller to populate the other members of the
+** returned object if needed, taking care to lock the modification
+** with S3JniNph_mutex_enter/leave.
+**
+** This simple cache catches >99% of searches in the current
+** (2023-07-31) tests.
+*/
+static S3JniNphOp * s3jni__nphop(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniNphOp const* pRef){
+  S3JniNphOp * const pNC = &SJG.nph.list[pRef->index];
+
+  assert( (void*)pRef>=(void*)&S3JniNphOps && (void*)pRef<(void*)(&S3JniNphOps + 1)
+          && "pRef is out of range" );
+  assert( pRef->index>=0
+          && (pRef->index < (sizeof(S3JniNphOps) / sizeof(S3JniNphOp)))
+          && "pRef->index is out of range" );
+  if( !pNC->klazz ){
+    S3JniNph_mutex_enter;
+    if( !pNC->klazz ){
+      jclass const klazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, pRef->zName);
+      //printf("FindClass %s\n", pRef->zName);
+      S3JniExceptionIsFatal("FindClass() unexpectedly threw");
+      pNC->klazz = S3JniRefGlobal(klazz);
+    }
+    S3JniNph_mutex_leave;
+  }
+  assert( pNC->klazz );
+  return pNC;
+}
+
+#define s3jni_nphop(PRef) s3jni__nphop(env, PRef)
+
+/*
+** Common code for accessor functions for NativePointerHolder and
+** OutputPointer types. pRef must be a pointer from S3JniNphOps. jOut
+** must be an instance of that class (Java's type safety takes care of
+** that requirement). If necessary, this fetches the jfieldID for
+** jOut's pRef->zMember, which must be of the type represented by the
+** JNI type signature pRef->zTypeSig, and stores it in
+** S3JniGlobal.nph.list[pRef->index].  Fails fatally if the pRef->zMember
+** property is not found, as that presents a serious internal misuse.
+**
+** Property lookups are cached on a per-pRef basis.
+*/
+static jfieldID s3jni_nphop_field(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniNphOp const* pRef){
+  S3JniNphOp * const pNC = s3jni_nphop(pRef);
+
+  if( !pNC->fidValue ){
+    S3JniNph_mutex_enter;
+    if( !pNC->fidValue ){
+      pNC->fidValue = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, pNC->klazz,
+                                         pRef->zMember, pRef->zTypeSig);
+      S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Code maintenance required: missing "
+                            "required S3JniNphOp::fidValue.");
+    }
+    S3JniNph_mutex_leave;
+  }
+  assert( pNC->fidValue );
+  return pNC->fidValue;
+}
+
+/*
+** Sets a native ptr value in NativePointerHolder object jNph,
+** which must be of the native type described by pRef. jNph
+** may not be NULL.
+*/
+static void NativePointerHolder__set(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniNphOp const* pRef,
+                                     jobject jNph, const void * p){
+  assert( jNph );
+  (*env)->SetLongField(env, jNph, s3jni_nphop_field(env, pRef),
+                       S3JniCast_P2L(p));
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Could not set NativePointerHolder.nativePointer.");
+}
+
+#define NativePointerHolder_set(PREF,JNPH,P) \
+  NativePointerHolder__set(env, PREF, JNPH, P)
+
+/*
+** Fetches a native ptr value from NativePointerHolder object jNph,
+** which must be of the native type described by pRef.  This is a
+** no-op if jNph is NULL.
+*/
+static void * NativePointerHolder__get(JNIEnv * env, jobject jNph,
+                                       S3JniNphOp const* pRef){
+  void * rv = 0;
+  if( jNph ){
+    rv = S3JniCast_L2P(
+      (*env)->GetLongField(env, jNph, s3jni_nphop_field(env, pRef))
+    );
+    S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot fetch NativePointerHolder.nativePointer.");
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+#define NativePointerHolder_get(JOBJ,NPHREF) \
+  NativePointerHolder__get(env, (JOBJ), (NPHREF))
+
+/*
+** Helpers for extracting pointers from jobjects, noting that we rely
+** on the corresponding Java interfaces having already done the
+** type-checking. OBJ must be a jobject referring to a
+** NativePointerHolder<T>, where T matches PtrGet_T. Don't use these
+** in contexts where that's not the case. Note that these aren't
+** type-safe in the strictest sense:
+**
+**   sqlite3 * s = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(...)
+**
+** will work, despite the incorrect macro name, so long as the
+** argument is a Java sqlite3 object, as this operation only has void
+** pointers to work with.
+*/
+#define PtrGet_T(T,OBJ) (T*)NativePointerHolder_get(OBJ, S3JniNph(T))
+#define PtrGet_sqlite3(OBJ) PtrGet_T(sqlite3, OBJ)
+#define PtrGet_sqlite3_backup(OBJ) PtrGet_T(sqlite3_backup, OBJ)
+#define PtrGet_sqlite3_blob(OBJ) PtrGet_T(sqlite3_blob, OBJ)
+#define PtrGet_sqlite3_context(OBJ) PtrGet_T(sqlite3_context, OBJ)
+#define PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(OBJ) PtrGet_T(sqlite3_stmt, OBJ)
+#define PtrGet_sqlite3_value(OBJ) PtrGet_T(sqlite3_value, OBJ)
+/*
+** S3JniLongPtr_T(X,Y) expects X to be an unqualified sqlite3 struct
+** type name and Y to be a native pointer to such an object in the
+** form of a jlong value. The jlong is simply cast to (X*). This
+** approach is, as of 2023-09-27, supplanting the former approach. We
+** now do the native pointer extraction in the Java side, rather than
+** the C side, because it's reportedly significantly faster. The
+** intptr_t part here is necessary for compatibility with (at least)
+** ARM32.
+*/
+#define S3JniLongPtr_T(T,JLongAsPtr) (T*)((intptr_t)(JLongAsPtr))
+#define S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(JLongAsPtr) S3JniLongPtr_T(sqlite3,JLongAsPtr)
+#define S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_backup(JLongAsPtr) S3JniLongPtr_T(sqlite3_backup,JLongAsPtr)
+#define S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_blob(JLongAsPtr) S3JniLongPtr_T(sqlite3_blob,JLongAsPtr)
+#define S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(JLongAsPtr) S3JniLongPtr_T(sqlite3_stmt,JLongAsPtr)
+#define S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(JLongAsPtr) S3JniLongPtr_T(sqlite3_value,JLongAsPtr)
+/*
+** Extracts the new S3JniDb instance from the free-list, or allocates
+** one if needed, associates it with pDb, and returns.  Returns NULL
+** on OOM. The returned object MUST, on success of the calling
+** operation, subsequently be associated with jDb via
+** NativePointerHolder_set() or freed using S3JniDb_set_aside().
+*/
+static S3JniDb * S3JniDb_alloc(JNIEnv * const env, jobject jDb){
+  S3JniDb * rv = 0;
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  if( SJG.perDb.aFree ){
+    rv = SJG.perDb.aFree;
+    SJG.perDb.aFree = rv->pNext;
+    rv->pNext = 0;
+    s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.nPdbRecycled );
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  if( 0==rv ){
+    rv = s3jni_malloc(sizeof(S3JniDb));
+    if( rv ){
+      s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.nPdbAlloc );
+    }
+  }
+  if( rv ){
+    memset(rv, 0, sizeof(S3JniDb));
+    rv->jDb = S3JniRefGlobal(jDb);
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+/*
+** Returns the S3JniDb object for the given org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3
+** object, or NULL if jDb is NULL, no pointer can be extracted
+** from it, or no matching entry can be found.
+*/
+static S3JniDb * S3JniDb__from_java(JNIEnv * const env, jobject jDb){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = jDb ? PtrGet_sqlite3(jDb) : 0;
+  return pDb ? S3JniDb_from_clientdata(pDb) : 0;
+}
+#define S3JniDb_from_java(jObject) S3JniDb__from_java(env,(jObject))
+
+/*
+** S3JniDb finalizer for use with sqlite3_set_clientdata().
+*/
+static void S3JniDb_xDestroy(void *p){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniDb * const ps = p;
+  assert( !ps->pNext && "Else ps is already in the free-list.");
+  S3JniDb_set_aside(ps);
+}
+
+/*
+** Evaluates to the S3JniDb object for the given sqlite3 object, or
+** NULL if pDb is NULL or was not initialized via the JNI interfaces.
+*/
+#define S3JniDb_from_c(sqlite3Ptr) \
+  ((sqlite3Ptr) ? S3JniDb_from_clientdata(sqlite3Ptr) : 0)
+#define S3JniDb_from_jlong(sqlite3PtrAsLong) \
+  S3JniDb_from_c(S3JniLongPtr_T(sqlite3,sqlite3PtrAsLong))
+
+/*
+** Unref any Java-side state in (S3JniAutoExtension*) AX and zero out
+** AX.
+*/
+#define S3JniAutoExtension_clear(AX) S3JniHook_unref(AX);
+
+/*
+** Initializes a pre-allocated S3JniAutoExtension object.  Returns
+** non-0 if there is an error collecting the required state from
+** jAutoExt (which must be an AutoExtensionCallback object). On error,
+** it passes ax to S3JniAutoExtension_clear().
+*/
+static int S3JniAutoExtension_init(JNIEnv *const env,
+                                   S3JniAutoExtension * const ax,
+                                   jobject const jAutoExt){
+  jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jAutoExt);
+
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_assertLocker;
+  *ax = S3JniHook_empty;
+  ax->midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                                        "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)I");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  S3JniExceptionWarnIgnore;
+  if( !ax->midCallback ){
+    S3JniAutoExtension_clear(ax);
+    return SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  ax->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jAutoExt);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Sets the value property of the OutputPointer.Bool jOut object to
+** v.
+*/
+static void OutputPointer_set_Bool(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const jOut,
+                                    int v){
+  (*env)->SetBooleanField(env, jOut, s3jni_nphop_field(
+                            env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_Bool)
+                          ), v ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE );
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot set OutputPointer.Bool.value");
+}
+
+/*
+** Sets the value property of the OutputPointer.Int32 jOut object to
+** v.
+*/
+static void OutputPointer_set_Int32(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const jOut,
+                                    int v){
+  (*env)->SetIntField(env, jOut, s3jni_nphop_field(
+                        env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_Int32)
+                      ), (jint)v);
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot set OutputPointer.Int32.value");
+}
+
+/*
+** Sets the value property of the OutputPointer.Int64 jOut object to
+** v.
+*/
+static void OutputPointer_set_Int64(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const jOut,
+                                    jlong v){
+  (*env)->SetLongField(env, jOut, s3jni_nphop_field(
+                         env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_Int64)
+                       ), v);
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot set OutputPointer.Int64.value");
+}
+
+/*
+** Internal helper for OutputPointer_set_TYPE() where TYPE is an
+** Object type.
+*/
+static void OutputPointer_set_obj(JNIEnv * const env,
+                                  S3JniNphOp const * const pRef,
+                                  jobject const jOut,
+                                  jobject v){
+  (*env)->SetObjectField(env, jOut, s3jni_nphop_field(env, pRef), v);
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot set OutputPointer.T.value");
+}
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+#if 0
+/*
+** Sets the value property of the OutputPointer.ByteArray jOut object
+** to v.
+*/
+static void OutputPointer_set_ByteArray(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const jOut,
+                                        jbyteArray const v){
+  OutputPointer_set_obj(env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_ByteArray), jOut, v);
+}
+#endif
+#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 */
+
+/*
+** Sets the value property of the OutputPointer.String jOut object to
+** v.
+*/
+static void OutputPointer_set_String(JNIEnv * const env, jobject const jOut,
+                                     jstring const v){
+  OutputPointer_set_obj(env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_String), jOut, v);
+}
+
+/*
+** Returns true if eTextRep is a valid sqlite3 encoding constant, else
+** returns false.
+*/
+static int encodingTypeIsValid(int eTextRep){
+  switch( eTextRep ){
+    case SQLITE_UTF8: case SQLITE_UTF16:
+    case SQLITE_UTF16LE: case SQLITE_UTF16BE:
+      return 1;
+    default:
+      return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+/* For use with sqlite3_result/value_pointer() */
+static const char * const ResultJavaValuePtrStr = "org.sqlite.jni.capi.ResultJavaVal";
+
+/*
+** If v is not NULL, it must be a jobject global reference. Its
+** reference is relinquished.
+*/
+static void S3Jni_jobject_finalizer(void *v){
+  if( v ){
+    S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+    S3JniUnrefGlobal((jobject)v);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Returns a new Java instance of the class referred to by pRef, which
+** MUST be interface-compatible with NativePointerHolder and MUST have
+** a no-arg constructor. The NativePointerHolder_set() method is
+** passed the new Java object (which must not be NULL) and pNative
+** (which may be NULL). Hypothetically returns NULL if Java fails to
+** allocate, but the JNI docs are not entirely clear on that detail.
+**
+** Always use a static pointer from the S3JniNphOps struct for the
+** 2nd argument.
+*/
+static jobject NativePointerHolder_new(JNIEnv * const env,
+                                       S3JniNphOp const * pRef,
+                                       const void * pNative){
+  jobject rv = 0;
+  S3JniNphOp * const pNC = s3jni_nphop(pRef);
+  if( !pNC->midCtor ){
+    S3JniNph_mutex_enter;
+    if( !pNC->midCtor ){
+      pNC->midCtor = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, pNC->klazz, "<init>", "()V");
+      S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot find constructor for class.");
+    }
+    S3JniNph_mutex_leave;
+  }
+  rv = (*env)->NewObject(env, pNC->klazz, pNC->midCtor);
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("No-arg constructor threw.");
+  s3jni_oom_check(rv);
+  if( rv ) NativePointerHolder_set(pRef, rv, pNative);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+static inline jobject new_java_sqlite3(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3 *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(sqlite3), sv);
+}
+static inline jobject new_java_sqlite3_backup(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3_backup *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(sqlite3_backup), sv);
+}
+static inline jobject new_java_sqlite3_blob(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3_blob *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(sqlite3_blob), sv);
+}
+static inline jobject new_java_sqlite3_context(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3_context *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(sqlite3_context), sv);
+}
+static inline jobject new_java_sqlite3_stmt(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3_stmt *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(sqlite3_stmt), sv);
+}
+static inline jobject new_java_sqlite3_value(JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3_value *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(sqlite3_value), sv);
+}
+
+/* Helper typedefs for UDF callback types. */
+typedef void (*udf_xFunc_f)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
+typedef void (*udf_xStep_f)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
+typedef void (*udf_xFinal_f)(sqlite3_context*);
+/*typedef void (*udf_xValue_f)(sqlite3_context*);*/
+/*typedef void (*udf_xInverse_f)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);*/
+
+/*
+** Allocate a new S3JniUdf (User-defined Function) and associate it
+** with the SQLFunction-type jObj. Returns NULL on OOM. If the
+** returned object's type==UDF_UNKNOWN_TYPE then the type of UDF was
+** not unambiguously detected based on which callback members it has,
+** which falls into the category of user error.
+**
+** The caller must arrange for the returned object to eventually be
+** passed to S3JniUdf_free().
+*/
+static S3JniUdf * S3JniUdf_alloc(JNIEnv * const env, jobject jObj){
+  S3JniUdf * s = 0;
+
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter;
+  s3jni_incr(&SJG.metrics.nMutexUdf);
+  if( SJG.udf.aFree ){
+    s = SJG.udf.aFree;
+    SJG.udf.aFree = s->pNext;
+    s->pNext = 0;
+    s3jni_incr(&SJG.metrics.nUdfRecycled);
+  }
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave;
+  if( !s ){
+    s = s3jni_malloc( sizeof(*s));
+    s3jni_incr(&SJG.metrics.nUdfAlloc);
+  }
+  if( s ){
+    const char * zFSI = /* signature for xFunc, xStep, xInverse */
+      "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;[Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value;)V";
+    const char * zFV = /* signature for xFinal, xValue */
+      "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;)V";
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jObj);
+
+    memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
+    s->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jObj);
+
+#define FGET(FuncName,FuncSig,Field)                               \
+    s->Field = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, FuncName, FuncSig); \
+    if( !s->Field ) (*env)->ExceptionClear(env)
+
+    FGET("xFunc",    zFSI, jmidxFunc);
+    FGET("xStep",    zFSI, jmidxStep);
+    FGET("xFinal",   zFV,  jmidxFinal);
+    FGET("xValue",   zFV,  jmidxValue);
+    FGET("xInverse", zFSI, jmidxInverse);
+#undef FGET
+
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    if( s->jmidxFunc ) s->type = UDF_SCALAR;
+    else if( s->jmidxStep && s->jmidxFinal ){
+      s->type = (s->jmidxValue && s->jmidxInverse)
+        ? UDF_WINDOW : UDF_AGGREGATE;
+    }else{
+      s->type = UDF_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
+    }
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+/*
+** Frees up all resources owned by s, clears its state, then either
+** caches it for reuse (if cacheIt is true) or frees it. The former
+** requires locking the global mutex, so it must not be held when this
+** is called.
+*/
+static void S3JniUdf_free(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniUdf * const s,
+                          int cacheIt){
+  assert( !s->pNext );
+  if( s->jObj ){
+    s3jni_call_xDestroy(s->jObj);
+    S3JniUnrefGlobal(s->jObj);
+    sqlite3_free(s->zFuncName);
+    assert( !s->pNext );
+    memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
+  }
+  if( cacheIt ){
+    S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter;
+    s->pNext = S3JniGlobal.udf.aFree;
+    S3JniGlobal.udf.aFree = s;
+    S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave;
+  }else{
+    sqlite3_free( s );
+  }
+}
+
+/* Finalizer for sqlite3_create_function() and friends. */
+static void S3JniUdf_finalizer(void * s){
+  S3JniUdf_free(s3jni_env(), (S3JniUdf*)s, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+** Helper for processing args to UDF handlers with signature
+** (sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**).
+*/
+typedef struct {
+  jobject jcx         /* sqlite3_context */;
+  jobjectArray jargv  /* sqlite3_value[] */;
+} udf_jargs;
+
+/*
+** Converts the given (cx, argc, argv) into arguments for the given
+** UDF, writing the result (Java wrappers for cx and argv) in the
+** final 2 arguments. Returns 0 on success, SQLITE_NOMEM on allocation
+** error. On error *jCx and *jArgv will be set to 0. The output
+** objects are of type org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_context and
+** array-of-org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value, respectively.
+*/
+static int udf_args(JNIEnv *env,
+                    sqlite3_context * const cx,
+                    int argc, sqlite3_value**argv,
+                    jobject * jCx, jobjectArray *jArgv){
+  jobjectArray ja = 0;
+  jobject jcx = new_java_sqlite3_context(env, cx);
+  jint i;
+  *jCx = 0;
+  *jArgv = 0;
+  if( !jcx ) goto error_oom;
+  ja = (*env)->NewObjectArray(
+    env, argc, s3jni_nphop(S3JniNph(sqlite3_value))->klazz,
+    NULL);
+  s3jni_oom_check( ja );
+  if( !ja ) goto error_oom;
+  for(i = 0; i < argc; ++i){
+    jobject jsv = new_java_sqlite3_value(env, argv[i]);
+    if( !jsv ) goto error_oom;
+    (*env)->SetObjectArrayElement(env, ja, i, jsv);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jsv)/*ja has a ref*/;
+  }
+  *jCx = jcx;
+  *jArgv = ja;
+  return 0;
+error_oom:
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jcx);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(ja);
+  return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+}
+
+/*
+** Requires that jCx and jArgv are sqlite3_context
+** resp. array-of-sqlite3_value values initialized by udf_args(). This
+** function zeroes out the nativePointer member of jCx and each entry
+** in jArgv. This is a safety-net precaution to avoid undefined
+** behavior if a Java-side UDF holds a reference to one of its
+** arguments. This MUST be called from any function which successfully
+** calls udf_args(), after calling the corresponding UDF and checking
+** its exception status. It MUST NOT be called in any other case.
+*/
+static void udf_unargs(JNIEnv *env, jobject jCx, int argc, jobjectArray jArgv){
+  int i = 0;
+  assert(jCx);
+  NativePointerHolder_set(S3JniNph(sqlite3_context), jCx, 0);
+  for( ; i < argc; ++i ){
+    jobject jsv = (*env)->GetObjectArrayElement(env, jArgv, i);
+    assert(jsv);
+    NativePointerHolder_set(S3JniNph(sqlite3_value), jsv, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Must be called immediately after a Java-side UDF callback throws.
+** If translateToErr is true then it sets the exception's message in
+** the result error using sqlite3_result_error(). If translateToErr is
+** false then it emits a warning that the function threw but should
+** not do so. In either case, it clears the exception state.
+**
+** Returns SQLITE_NOMEM if an allocation fails, else SQLITE_ERROR. In
+** the former case it calls sqlite3_result_error_nomem().
+*/
+static int udf_report_exception(JNIEnv * const env, int translateToErr,
+                                sqlite3_context * cx,
+                                const char *zFuncName, const char *zFuncType ){
+  jthrowable const ex = (*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env);
+  int rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+
+  assert(ex && "This must only be called when a Java exception is pending.");
+  if( translateToErr ){
+    char * zMsg;
+    char * z;
+
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    zMsg = s3jni_exception_error_msg(env, ex);
+    z = sqlite3_mprintf("Client-defined SQL function %s.%s() threw: %s",
+                        zFuncName ? zFuncName : "<unnamed>", zFuncType,
+                        zMsg ? zMsg : "Unknown exception" );
+    sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+    if( z ){
+      sqlite3_result_error(cx, z, -1);
+      sqlite3_free(z);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3_result_error_nomem(cx);
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+  }else{
+    S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("client-defined SQL function");
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+  }
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(ex);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Sets up the state for calling a Java-side xFunc/xStep/xInverse()
+** UDF, calls it, and returns 0 on success.
+*/
+static int udf_xFSI(sqlite3_context* const pCx, int argc,
+                    sqlite3_value** const argv, S3JniUdf * const s,
+                    jmethodID xMethodID, const char * const zFuncType){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  udf_jargs args = {0,0};
+  int rc = udf_args(env, pCx, argc, argv, &args.jcx, &args.jargv);
+
+  if( 0 == rc ){
+    (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, s->jObj, xMethodID, args.jcx, args.jargv);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      rc = udf_report_exception(env, 'F'==zFuncType[1]/*xFunc*/, pCx,
+                                s->zFuncName, zFuncType);
+    }
+    udf_unargs(env, args.jcx, argc, args.jargv);
+  }
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(args.jcx);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(args.jargv);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Sets up the state for calling a Java-side xFinal/xValue() UDF,
+** calls it, and returns 0 on success.
+*/
+static int udf_xFV(sqlite3_context* cx, S3JniUdf * s,
+                   jmethodID xMethodID,
+                   const char *zFuncType){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  jobject jcx = new_java_sqlite3_context(env, cx);
+  int rc = 0;
+  int const isFinal = 'F'==zFuncType[1]/*xFinal*/;
+
+  if( jcx ){
+    (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, s->jObj, xMethodID, jcx);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      rc = udf_report_exception(env, isFinal, cx, s->zFuncName,
+                                zFuncType);
+    }
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jcx);
+  }else{
+    if( isFinal ) sqlite3_result_error_nomem(cx);
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* Proxy for C-to-Java xFunc. */
+static void udf_xFunc(sqlite3_context* cx, int argc,
+                      sqlite3_value** argv){
+  S3JniUdf * const s = (S3JniUdf*)sqlite3_user_data(cx);
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.udf.nFunc );
+  udf_xFSI(cx, argc, argv, s, s->jmidxFunc, "xFunc");
+}
+/* Proxy for C-to-Java xStep. */
+static void udf_xStep(sqlite3_context* cx, int argc,
+                      sqlite3_value** argv){
+  S3JniUdf * const s = (S3JniUdf*)sqlite3_user_data(cx);
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.udf.nStep );
+  udf_xFSI(cx, argc, argv, s, s->jmidxStep, "xStep");
+}
+/* Proxy for C-to-Java xFinal. */
+static void udf_xFinal(sqlite3_context* cx){
+  S3JniUdf * const s = (S3JniUdf*)sqlite3_user_data(cx);
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.udf.nFinal );
+  udf_xFV(cx, s, s->jmidxFinal, "xFinal");
+}
+/* Proxy for C-to-Java xValue. */
+static void udf_xValue(sqlite3_context* cx){
+  S3JniUdf * const s = (S3JniUdf*)sqlite3_user_data(cx);
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.udf.nValue );
+  udf_xFV(cx, s, s->jmidxValue, "xValue");
+}
+/* Proxy for C-to-Java xInverse. */
+static void udf_xInverse(sqlite3_context* cx, int argc,
+                         sqlite3_value** argv){
+  S3JniUdf * const s = (S3JniUdf*)sqlite3_user_data(cx);
+  s3jni_incr( &SJG.metrics.udf.nInverse );
+  udf_xFSI(cx, argc, argv, s, s->jmidxInverse, "xInverse");
+}
+
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// What follows is the JNI/C bindings. They are in alphabetical order
+// except for this macro-generated subset which are kept together
+// (alphabetized) here at the front...
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int CName(void)). */
+#define WRAP_INT_VOID(JniNameSuffix,CName)      \
+  JniDecl(jint,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass){ \
+    return (jint)CName();                       \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int CName(int)). */
+#define WRAP_INT_INT(JniNameSuffix,CName)                 \
+  JniDecl(jint,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jint arg){ \
+    return (jint)CName((int)arg);                         \
+  }
+/*
+** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (const mutf8_string *
+** CName(void)). This is only valid for functions which are known to
+** return ASCII or text which is equivalent in UTF-8 and MUTF-8.
+*/
+#define WRAP_MUTF8_VOID(JniNameSuffix,CName)                   \
+  JniDecl(jstring,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass){             \
+    jstring const rv = (*env)->NewStringUTF( env, CName() );   \
+    s3jni_oom_check(rv);                                       \
+    return rv;                                                 \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int CName(sqlite3_stmt*)). */
+#define WRAP_INT_STMT(JniNameSuffix,CName)                    \
+  JniDecl(jint,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt){ \
+    return (jint)CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt));    \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int CName(sqlite3_stmt*,int)). */
+#define WRAP_INT_STMT_INT(JniNameSuffix,CName)                         \
+  JniDecl(jint,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint n){ \
+    return (jint)CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)n);            \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (boolean CName(sqlite3_stmt*)). */
+#define WRAP_BOOL_STMT(JniNameSuffix,CName)                           \
+  JniDecl(jboolean,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jStmt){     \
+    return CName(PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jStmt)) ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE; \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (jstring CName(sqlite3_stmt*,int)). */
+#define WRAP_STR_STMT_INT(JniNameSuffix,CName)                             \
+  JniDecl(jstring,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx){ \
+    return s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(                                       \
+      CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx),               \
+      -1);                                                              \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (boolean CName(sqlite3*)). */
+#define WRAP_BOOL_DB(JniNameSuffix,CName)                           \
+  JniDecl(jboolean,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb){     \
+    return CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb)) ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE; \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int CName(sqlite3*)). */
+#define WRAP_INT_DB(JniNameSuffix,CName)                    \
+  JniDecl(jint,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb){ \
+  return (jint)CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb)); \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int64 CName(sqlite3*)). */
+#define WRAP_INT64_DB(JniNameSuffix,CName)                   \
+  JniDecl(jlong,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb){ \
+  return (jlong)CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb));  \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (jstring CName(sqlite3*,int)). */
+#define WRAP_STR_DB_INT(JniNameSuffix,CName)                             \
+  JniDecl(jstring,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jint ndx){ \
+    return s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(                                       \
+      CName(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb), (int)ndx),               \
+      -1);                                                              \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (int CName(sqlite3_value*)). */
+#define WRAP_INT_SVALUE(JniNameSuffix,CName,DfltOnNull)         \
+  JniDecl(jint,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSValue){ \
+    sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSValue); \
+    return (jint)(sv ? CName(sv): DfltOnNull);                      \
+  }
+/** Create a trivial JNI wrapper for (boolean CName(sqlite3_value*)). */
+#define WRAP_BOOL_SVALUE(JniNameSuffix,CName,DfltOnNull)            \
+  JniDecl(jboolean,JniNameSuffix)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSValue){ \
+    sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSValue); \
+    return (jint)(sv ? CName(sv) : DfltOnNull)                       \
+      ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;                                       \
+  }
+
+WRAP_INT_DB(1changes,                  sqlite3_changes)
+WRAP_INT64_DB(1changes64,              sqlite3_changes64)
+WRAP_INT_STMT(1clear_1bindings,        sqlite3_clear_bindings)
+WRAP_INT_STMT_INT(1column_1bytes,      sqlite3_column_bytes)
+WRAP_INT_STMT_INT(1column_1bytes16,    sqlite3_column_bytes16)
+WRAP_INT_STMT(1column_1count,          sqlite3_column_count)
+WRAP_STR_STMT_INT(1column_1decltype,   sqlite3_column_decltype)
+WRAP_STR_STMT_INT(1column_1name,       sqlite3_column_name)
+WRAP_STR_STMT_INT(1column_1database_1name,  sqlite3_column_database_name)
+WRAP_STR_STMT_INT(1column_1origin_1name,    sqlite3_column_origin_name)
+WRAP_STR_STMT_INT(1column_1table_1name,     sqlite3_column_table_name)
+WRAP_INT_STMT_INT(1column_1type,       sqlite3_column_type)
+WRAP_INT_STMT(1data_1count,            sqlite3_data_count)
+WRAP_STR_DB_INT(1db_1name,             sqlite3_db_name)
+WRAP_INT_DB(1error_1offset,            sqlite3_error_offset)
+WRAP_INT_DB(1extended_1errcode,        sqlite3_extended_errcode)
+WRAP_BOOL_DB(1get_1autocommit,         sqlite3_get_autocommit)
+WRAP_MUTF8_VOID(1libversion,           sqlite3_libversion)
+WRAP_INT_VOID(1libversion_1number,     sqlite3_libversion_number)
+WRAP_INT_VOID(1keyword_1count,         sqlite3_keyword_count)
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+WRAP_INT_DB(1preupdate_1blobwrite,     sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite)
+WRAP_INT_DB(1preupdate_1count,         sqlite3_preupdate_count)
+WRAP_INT_DB(1preupdate_1depth,         sqlite3_preupdate_depth)
+#endif
+WRAP_INT_INT(1release_1memory,         sqlite3_release_memory)
+WRAP_INT_INT(1sleep,                   sqlite3_sleep)
+WRAP_MUTF8_VOID(1sourceid,             sqlite3_sourceid)
+WRAP_BOOL_STMT(1stmt_1busy,            sqlite3_stmt_busy)
+WRAP_INT_STMT_INT(1stmt_1explain,      sqlite3_stmt_explain)
+WRAP_INT_STMT(1stmt_1isexplain,        sqlite3_stmt_isexplain)
+WRAP_BOOL_STMT(1stmt_1readonly,        sqlite3_stmt_readonly)
+WRAP_INT_DB(1system_1errno,            sqlite3_system_errno)
+WRAP_INT_VOID(1threadsafe,             sqlite3_threadsafe)
+WRAP_INT_DB(1total_1changes,           sqlite3_total_changes)
+WRAP_INT64_DB(1total_1changes64,       sqlite3_total_changes64)
+WRAP_INT_SVALUE(1value_1encoding,      sqlite3_value_encoding,SQLITE_UTF8)
+WRAP_BOOL_SVALUE(1value_1frombind,     sqlite3_value_frombind,0)
+WRAP_INT_SVALUE(1value_1nochange,      sqlite3_value_nochange,0)
+WRAP_INT_SVALUE(1value_1numeric_1type, sqlite3_value_numeric_type,SQLITE_NULL)
+WRAP_INT_SVALUE(1value_1subtype,       sqlite3_value_subtype,0)
+WRAP_INT_SVALUE(1value_1type,          sqlite3_value_type,SQLITE_NULL)
+
+#undef WRAP_BOOL_DB
+#undef WRAP_BOOL_STMT
+#undef WRAP_BOOL_SVALUE
+#undef WRAP_INT64_DB
+#undef WRAP_INT_DB
+#undef WRAP_INT_INT
+#undef WRAP_INT_STMT
+#undef WRAP_INT_STMT_INT
+#undef WRAP_INT_SVALUE
+#undef WRAP_INT_VOID
+#undef WRAP_MUTF8_VOID
+#undef WRAP_STR_STMT_INT
+#undef WRAP_STR_DB_INT
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_aggregate_context(),jlong,1aggregate_1context)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jCx, jboolean initialize
+){
+  sqlite3_context * const pCx = PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jCx);
+  void * const p = pCx
+    ? sqlite3_aggregate_context(pCx, (int)(initialize
+                                           ? (int)sizeof(void*)
+                                           : 0))
+    : 0;
+  return S3JniCast_P2L(p);
+}
+
+/* Central auto-extension handler. */
+static int s3jni_run_java_auto_extensions(sqlite3 *pDb, const char **pzErr,
+                                          const struct sqlite3_api_routines *ignored){
+  int rc = 0;
+  unsigned i, go = 1;
+  JNIEnv * env = 0;
+  S3JniDb * ps;
+  S3JniEnv * jc;
+
+  if( 0==SJG.autoExt.nExt ) return 0;
+  env = s3jni_env();
+  jc = S3JniEnv_get();
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  ps = jc->pdbOpening ? jc->pdbOpening : S3JniDb_from_c(pDb);
+  if( !ps ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("Unexpected arrival of null S3JniDb in "
+                             "auto-extension runner.");
+    S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+    return SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  assert( ps->jDb );
+  if( !ps->pDb ){
+    assert( jc->pdbOpening == ps );
+    rc = sqlite3_set_clientdata(pDb, S3JniDb_clientdata_key,
+                                ps, 0/* we'll re-set this after open()
+                                        completes. */);
+    if( rc ){
+      S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+      return rc;
+    }
+  }
+  else{
+    assert( ps == jc->pdbOpening );
+    jc->pdbOpening = 0;
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  NativePointerHolder_set(S3JniNph(sqlite3), ps->jDb, pDb)
+    /* As of here, the Java/C connection is complete except for the
+       (temporary) lack of finalizer for the ps object. */;
+  ps->pDb = pDb;
+  for( i = 0; go && 0==rc; ++i ){
+    S3JniAutoExtension ax = S3JniHook_empty
+      /* We need a copy of the auto-extension object, with our own
+      ** local reference to it, to avoid a race condition with another
+      ** thread manipulating the list during the call and invaliding
+      ** what ax references. */;
+    S3JniAutoExt_mutex_enter;
+    if( i >= SJG.autoExt.nExt ){
+      go = 0;
+    }else{
+      S3JniHook_localdup(&SJG.autoExt.aExt[i], &ax);
+    }
+    S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave;
+    if( ax.jObj ){
+      rc = (*env)->CallIntMethod(env, ax.jObj, ax.midCallback, ps->jDb);
+      S3JniHook_localundup(ax);
+      S3JniIfThrew {
+        jthrowable const ex = (*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env);
+        char * zMsg;
+        S3JniExceptionClear;
+        zMsg = s3jni_exception_error_msg(env, ex);
+        S3JniUnrefLocal(ex);
+        *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("auto-extension threw: %s", zMsg);
+        sqlite3_free(zMsg);
+        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_auto_extension(),jint,1auto_1extension)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jAutoExt
+){
+  int i;
+  S3JniAutoExtension * ax = 0;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  if( !jAutoExt ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_enter;
+  for( i = 0; i < SJG.autoExt.nExt; ++i ){
+    /* Look for a match. */
+    ax = &SJG.autoExt.aExt[i];
+    if( ax->jObj && (*env)->IsSameObject(env, ax->jObj, jAutoExt) ){
+      /* same object, so this is a no-op. */
+      S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave;
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+  if( i == SJG.autoExt.nExt ){
+    assert( SJG.autoExt.nExt <= SJG.autoExt.nAlloc );
+    if( SJG.autoExt.nExt == SJG.autoExt.nAlloc ){
+      /* Allocate another slot. */
+      unsigned n = 1 + SJG.autoExt.nAlloc;
+      S3JniAutoExtension * const aNew =
+        s3jni_realloc( SJG.autoExt.aExt, n * sizeof(*ax) );
+      if( !aNew ){
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }else{
+        SJG.autoExt.aExt = aNew;
+        ++SJG.autoExt.nAlloc;
+      }
+    }
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      ax = &SJG.autoExt.aExt[SJG.autoExt.nExt];
+      rc = S3JniAutoExtension_init(env, ax, jAutoExt);
+      assert( rc ? (0==ax->jObj && 0==ax->midCallback)
+              : (0!=ax->jObj && 0!=ax->midCallback) );
+    }
+  }
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    static int once = 0;
+    if( 0==once && ++once ){
+      rc = sqlite3_auto_extension(
+        (void(*)(void))s3jni_run_java_auto_extensions
+        /* Reminder: the JNI binding of sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()
+        ** does not call the core-lib impl. It only clears Java-side
+        ** auto-extensions. */
+      );
+      if( rc ){
+        assert( ax );
+        S3JniAutoExtension_clear(ax);
+      }
+    }
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      ++SJG.autoExt.nExt;
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_backup_finish(),jint,1backup_1finish)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBack
+){
+  int rc = 0;
+  if( jpBack!=0 ){
+    rc = sqlite3_backup_finish( S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_backup(jpBack) );
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_backup_init(),jobject,1backup_1init)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDbDest, jstring jTDest,
+  jlong jpDbSrc, jstring jTSrc
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDest = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDbDest);
+  sqlite3 * const pSrc = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDbSrc);
+  char * const zDest = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jTDest, 0);
+  char * const zSrc = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jTSrc, 0);
+  jobject rv = 0;
+
+  if( pDest && pSrc && zDest && zSrc ){
+    sqlite3_backup * const pB =
+      sqlite3_backup_init(pDest, zDest, pSrc, zSrc);
+    if( pB ){
+      rv = new_java_sqlite3_backup(env, pB);
+      if( !rv ){
+        sqlite3_backup_finish( pB );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(zDest);
+  sqlite3_free(zSrc);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_backup_pagecount(),jint,1backup_1pagecount)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBack
+){
+  return sqlite3_backup_pagecount(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_backup(jpBack));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_backup_remaining(),jint,1backup_1remaining)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBack
+){
+  return sqlite3_backup_remaining(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_backup(jpBack));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_backup_step(),jint,1backup_1step)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBack, jint nPage
+){
+  return sqlite3_backup_step(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_backup(jpBack), (int)nPage);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_blob(),jint,1bind_1blob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jbyteArray baData, jint nMax
+){
+  jsize nBA = 0;
+  jbyte * const pBuf = baData ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes2(baData, &nBA) : 0;
+  int rc;
+  if( pBuf ){
+    if( nMax>nBA ){
+      nMax = nBA;
+    }
+    rc = sqlite3_bind_blob(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx,
+                           pBuf, (int)nMax, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+    s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baData, pBuf);
+  }else{
+    rc = baData
+      ? SQLITE_NOMEM
+      : sqlite3_bind_null( S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), ndx );
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_double(),jint,1bind_1double)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jdouble val
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_double(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt),
+                                   (int)ndx, (double)val);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_int(),jint,1bind_1int)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jint val
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_int(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx, (int)val);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_int64(),jint,1bind_1int64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jlong val
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_int64(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx, (sqlite3_int64)val);
+}
+
+/*
+** Bind a new global ref to Object `val` using sqlite3_bind_pointer().
+*/
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_java_object(),jint,1bind_1java_1object)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jobject val
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  int rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+
+  if(pStmt){
+    jobject const rv = S3JniRefGlobal(val);
+    if( rv ){
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, ndx, rv, ResultJavaValuePtrStr,
+                                S3Jni_jobject_finalizer);
+    }else if(val){
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_null(pStmt, ndx);
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_null(),jint,1bind_1null)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_null(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(),jint,1bind_1parameter_1count)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(),jint,1bind_1parameter_1index)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jbyteArray jName
+){
+  int rc = 0;
+  jbyte * const pBuf = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jName);
+  if( pBuf ){
+    rc = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt),
+                                      (const char *)pBuf);
+    s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jName, pBuf);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(),jstring,1bind_1parameter_1name)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  const char *z =
+    sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx);
+  return z ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(z, -1) : 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Impl of sqlite3_bind_text/text16().
+*/
+static int s3jni__bind_text(int is16, JNIEnv *env, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx,
+                            jbyteArray baData, jint nMax){
+  jsize nBA = 0;
+  jbyte * const pBuf =
+    baData ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes2(baData, &nBA) : 0;
+  int rc;
+  if( pBuf ){
+    if( nMax>nBA ){
+      nMax = nBA;
+    }
+    /* Note that we rely on the Java layer having assured that baData
+       is NUL-terminated if nMax is negative. In order to avoid UB for
+       such cases, we do not expose the byte-limit arguments in the
+       public API. */
+    rc = is16
+      ? sqlite3_bind_text16(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx,
+                            pBuf, (int)nMax, SQLITE_TRANSIENT)
+      : sqlite3_bind_text(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx,
+                          (const char *)pBuf,
+                          (int)nMax, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+  }else{
+    rc = baData
+      ? sqlite3_bind_null(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx)
+      : SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baData, pBuf);
+  return (jint)rc;
+
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_text(),jint,1bind_1text)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jbyteArray baData, jint nMax
+){
+  return s3jni__bind_text(0, env, jpStmt, ndx, baData, nMax);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_text16(),jint,1bind_1text16)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jbyteArray baData, jint nMax
+){
+  return s3jni__bind_text(1, env, jpStmt, ndx, baData, nMax);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_value(),jint,1bind_1value)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jlong jpValue
+){
+  int rc = 0;
+  sqlite3_stmt * pStmt = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  if( pStmt ){
+    sqlite3_value *v = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpValue);
+    if( v ){
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, (int)ndx, v);
+    }else{
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_null(pStmt, (int)ndx);
+    }
+  }else{
+    rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(),jint,1bind_1zeroblob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jint n
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt),
+                                     (int)ndx, (int)n);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(),jint,1bind_1zeroblob64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt, jint ndx, jlong n
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt),
+                                       (int)ndx, (sqlite3_uint64)n);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_blob_bytes(),jint,1blob_1bytes)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBlob
+){
+  return sqlite3_blob_bytes(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_blob(jpBlob));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_blob_close(),jint,1blob_1close)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBlob
+){
+  sqlite3_blob * const b = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_blob(jpBlob);
+  return b ? (jint)sqlite3_blob_close(b) : SQLITE_MISUSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_blob_open(),jint,1blob_1open)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jstring jDbName, jstring jTbl, jstring jCol,
+  jlong jRowId, jint flags, jobject jOut
+){
+  sqlite3 * const db = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  sqlite3_blob * pBlob = 0;
+  char * zDbName = 0, * zTableName = 0, * zColumnName = 0;
+  int rc;
+
+  if( !db || !jDbName || !jTbl || !jCol ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  zDbName = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jDbName,0);
+  zTableName = zDbName ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jTbl,0) : 0;
+  zColumnName = zTableName ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jCol,0) : 0;
+  rc = zColumnName
+    ? sqlite3_blob_open(db, zDbName, zTableName, zColumnName,
+                        (sqlite3_int64)jRowId, (int)flags, &pBlob)
+    : SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    jobject rv = new_java_sqlite3_blob(env, pBlob);
+    if( !rv ){
+      sqlite3_blob_close(pBlob);
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+    OutputPointer_set_obj(env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_sqlite3_blob), jOut, rv);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(zDbName);
+  sqlite3_free(zTableName);
+  sqlite3_free(zColumnName);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_blob_read(),jint,1blob_1read)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBlob, jbyteArray jTgt, jint iOffset
+){
+  jbyte * const pBa = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jTgt);
+  int rc = jTgt ? (pBa ? SQLITE_MISUSE : SQLITE_NOMEM) : SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if( pBa ){
+    jsize const nTgt = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jTgt);
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_read(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_blob(jpBlob), pBa,
+                           (int)nTgt, (int)iOffset);
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      s3jni_jbyteArray_commit(jTgt, pBa);
+    }else{
+      s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jTgt, pBa);
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_blob_reopen(),jint,1blob_1reopen)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBlob, jlong iNewRowId
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_blob_reopen(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_blob(jpBlob),
+                                   (sqlite3_int64)iNewRowId);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_blob_write(),jint,1blob_1write)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpBlob, jbyteArray jBa, jint iOffset
+){
+  sqlite3_blob * const b = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_blob(jpBlob);
+  jbyte * const pBuf = b ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jBa) : 0;
+  const jsize nBA = pBuf ? (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jBa) : 0;
+  int rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if(b && pBuf){
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_write( b, pBuf, (int)nBA, (int)iOffset );
+  }
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jBa, pBuf);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+/* Central C-to-Java busy handler proxy. */
+static int s3jni_busy_handler(void* pState, int n){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = (S3JniDb *)pState;
+  int rc = 0;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(&ps->hooks.busyHandler, &hook);
+  if( hook.jObj ){
+    rc = (*env)->CallIntMethod(env, hook.jObj,
+                               hook.midCallback, (jint)n);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("sqlite3_busy_handler() callback");
+      rc = s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                              "sqlite3_busy_handler() callback threw.");
+    }
+    S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_busy_handler(),jint,1busy_1handler)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jobject jBusy
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_jlong(jpDb);
+  S3JniHook * const pHook = ps ? &ps->hooks.busyHandler : 0;
+  S3JniHook hook = S3JniHook_empty;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  if( !ps ) return (jint)SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  if( jBusy ){
+    if( pHook->jObj && (*env)->IsSameObject(env, pHook->jObj, jBusy) ){
+      /* Same object - this is a no-op. */
+    }else{
+      jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jBusy);
+      hook.jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jBusy);
+      hook.midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call", "(I)I");
+      S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+      S3JniIfThrew {
+        rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    if( jBusy ){
+      if( hook.jObj ){ /* Replace handler */
+        rc = sqlite3_busy_handler(ps->pDb, s3jni_busy_handler, ps);
+        if( 0==rc ){
+          S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+          *pHook = hook /* transfer Java ref ownership */;
+          hook = S3JniHook_empty;
+        }
+      }/* else no-op */
+    }else{ /* Clear handler */
+      rc = sqlite3_busy_handler(ps->pDb, 0, 0);
+      if( 0==rc ){
+        S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniHook_unref(&hook);
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_busy_timeout(),jint,1busy_1timeout)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jint ms
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_jlong(jpDb);
+  int rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if( ps ){
+    S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+    S3JniHook_unref(&ps->hooks.busyHandler);
+    rc = sqlite3_busy_timeout(ps->pDb, (int)ms);
+    S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(),jboolean,1cancel_1auto_1extension)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jAutoExt
+){
+  S3JniAutoExtension * ax;
+  jboolean rc = JNI_FALSE;
+  int i;
+
+  if( !jAutoExt ){
+    return rc;
+  }
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_enter;
+  /* This algo corresponds to the one in the core. */
+  for( i = SJG.autoExt.nExt-1; i >= 0; --i ){
+    ax = &SJG.autoExt.aExt[i];
+    if( ax->jObj && (*env)->IsSameObject(env, ax->jObj, jAutoExt) ){
+      S3JniAutoExtension_clear(ax);
+      /* Move final entry into this slot. */
+      --SJG.autoExt.nExt;
+      *ax = SJG.autoExt.aExt[SJG.autoExt.nExt];
+      SJG.autoExt.aExt[SJG.autoExt.nExt] = S3JniHook_empty;
+      assert( !SJG.autoExt.aExt[SJG.autoExt.nExt].jObj );
+      rc = JNI_TRUE;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* Wrapper for sqlite3_close(_v2)(). */
+static jint s3jni_close_db(JNIEnv * const env, jlong jpDb, int version){
+  int rc = 0;
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_jlong(jpDb);
+
+  assert(version == 1 || version == 2);
+  if( ps ){
+    rc = 1==version
+      ? (jint)sqlite3_close(ps->pDb)
+      : (jint)sqlite3_close_v2(ps->pDb);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_close(),jint,1close)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong pDb){
+  return s3jni_close_db(env, pDb, 1);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_close_v2(),jint,1close_1v2)(JniArgsEnvClass, jlong pDb){
+  return s3jni_close_db(env, pDb, 2);
+}
+
+/*
+** Assumes z is an array of unsigned short and returns the index in
+** that array of the first element with the value 0.
+*/
+static unsigned int s3jni_utf16_strlen(void const * z){
+  unsigned int i = 0;
+  const unsigned short * p = z;
+  while( p[i] ) ++i;
+  return i;
+}
+
+/* Descriptive alias for use with sqlite3_collation_needed(). */
+typedef S3JniHook S3JniCollationNeeded;
+
+/* Central C-to-Java sqlite3_collation_needed16() hook impl. */
+static void s3jni_collation_needed_impl16(void *pState, sqlite3 *pDb,
+                                          int eTextRep, const void * z16Name){
+  S3JniCollationNeeded * const pHook = pState;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(pHook, &hook);
+  if( hook.jObj ){
+    unsigned int const nName = s3jni_utf16_strlen(z16Name);
+    jstring jName = (*env)->NewString(env, (jchar const *)z16Name, nName);
+
+    s3jni_oom_check( jName );
+    assert( hook.jExtra );
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+    }else if( hook.jExtra ){
+      (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback,
+                             hook.jExtra, (jint)eTextRep, jName);
+      S3JniIfThrew{
+        S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("sqlite3_collation_needed() callback");
+      }
+    }
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jName);
+    S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  }
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_collation_needed(),jint,1collation_1needed)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jobject jHook
+){
+  S3JniDb * ps;
+  S3JniCollationNeeded * pHook;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  ps = S3JniDb_from_jlong(jpDb);
+  if( !ps ){
+    S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+    return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }
+  pHook = &ps->hooks.collationNeeded;
+  if( pHook->jObj && jHook &&
+     (*env)->IsSameObject(env, pHook->jObj, jHook) ){
+    /* no-op */
+  }else if( !jHook ){
+    rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(ps->pDb, 0, 0);
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+    }
+  }else{
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jHook);
+    jmethodID const xCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(
+      env, klazz, "call", "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;ILjava/lang/String;)I"
+    );
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    S3JniIfThrew {
+      rc = s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, SQLITE_MISUSE,
+                              "Cannot not find matching call() in "
+                              "CollationNeededCallback object.");
+    }else{
+      rc = sqlite3_collation_needed16(ps->pDb, pHook,
+                                      s3jni_collation_needed_impl16);
+      if( 0==rc ){
+        S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+        pHook->midCallback = xCallback;
+        pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jHook);
+        pHook->jExtra = S3JniRefGlobal(ps->jDb);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_blob(),jbyteArray,1column_1blob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  void const * const p = sqlite3_column_blob(pStmt, (int)ndx);
+  int const n = p ? sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+
+  return p ? s3jni_new_jbyteArray(p, n) : 0;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_double(),jdouble,1column_1double)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  return (jdouble)sqlite3_column_double(PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_int(),jint,1column_1int)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_column_int(PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_int64(),jlong,1column_1int64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  return (jlong)sqlite3_column_int64(PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_text(),jbyteArray,1column_1text)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const stmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  const unsigned char * const p = stmt ? sqlite3_column_text(stmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+  const int n = p ? sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+  return p ? s3jni_new_jbyteArray(p, n) : NULL;
+}
+
+#if 0
+// this impl might prove useful.
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_text(),jstring,1column_1text)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const stmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  const unsigned char * const p = stmt ? sqlite3_column_text(stmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+  const int n = p ? sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+  return p ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( (const char *)p, n) : 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_text16(),jstring,1column_1text16)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const stmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  const void * const p = stmt ? sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+  const int n = p ? sqlite3_column_bytes16(stmt, (int)ndx) : 0;
+  return s3jni_text16_to_jstring(env, p, n);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_column_value(),jobject,1column_1value)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt, jint ndx
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv =
+    sqlite3_column_value(PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt), (int)ndx)
+    /* reminder: returns an SQL NULL if jpStmt==NULL */;
+  return new_java_sqlite3_value(env, sv);
+}
+
+/*
+** Impl for commit hooks (if isCommit is true) or rollback hooks.
+*/
+static int s3jni_commit_rollback_hook_impl(int isCommit, S3JniDb * const ps){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  int rc = 0;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(isCommit
+                     ? &ps->hooks.commit : &ps->hooks.rollback,
+                     &hook);
+  if( hook.jObj ){
+    rc = isCommit
+      ? (int)(*env)->CallIntMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback)
+      : (int)((*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback), 0);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      rc = s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR, "hook callback threw");
+    }
+    S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* C-to-Java commit hook wrapper. */
+static int s3jni_commit_hook_impl(void *pP){
+  return s3jni_commit_rollback_hook_impl(1, pP);
+}
+
+/* C-to-Java rollback hook wrapper. */
+static void s3jni_rollback_hook_impl(void *pP){
+  (void)s3jni_commit_rollback_hook_impl(0, pP);
+}
+
+/*
+** Proxy for sqlite3_commit_hook() (if isCommit is true) or
+** sqlite3_rollback_hook().
+*/
+static jobject s3jni_commit_rollback_hook(int isCommit, JNIEnv * const env,
+                                          jlong jpDb, jobject jHook){
+  S3JniDb * ps;
+  jobject pOld = 0;  /* previous hoook */
+  S3JniHook * pHook; /* ps->hooks.commit|rollback */
+
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  ps = S3JniDb_from_jlong(jpDb);
+  if( !ps ){
+    s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_MISUSE, 0);
+    S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  pHook = isCommit ? &ps->hooks.commit : &ps->hooks.rollback;
+  pOld = pHook->jObj;
+  if( pOld && jHook &&
+      (*env)->IsSameObject(env, pOld, jHook) ){
+    /* No-op. */
+  }else if( !jHook ){
+    if( pOld ){
+      jobject tmp = S3JniRefLocal(pOld);
+      S3JniUnrefGlobal(pOld);
+      pOld = tmp;
+    }
+    *pHook = S3JniHook_empty;
+    if( isCommit ) sqlite3_commit_hook(ps->pDb, 0, 0);
+    else sqlite3_rollback_hook(ps->pDb, 0, 0);
+  }else{
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jHook);
+    jmethodID const xCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                                                    isCommit ? "()I" : "()V");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    S3JniIfThrew {
+      S3JniExceptionReport;
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+      s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                     "Cannot not find matching call() method in"
+                     "hook object.");
+    }else{
+      pHook->midCallback = xCallback;
+      pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jHook);
+      if( isCommit ) sqlite3_commit_hook(ps->pDb, s3jni_commit_hook_impl, ps);
+      else sqlite3_rollback_hook(ps->pDb, s3jni_rollback_hook_impl, ps);
+      if( pOld ){
+        jobject tmp = S3JniRefLocal(pOld);
+        S3JniUnrefGlobal(pOld);
+        pOld = tmp;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  return pOld;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_commit_hook(),jobject,1commit_1hook)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jobject jHook
+){
+  return s3jni_commit_rollback_hook(1, env, jpDb, jHook);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_compileoption_get(),jstring,1compileoption_1get)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jint n
+){
+  const char * z = sqlite3_compileoption_get(n);
+  jstring const rv = z ? (*env)->NewStringUTF( env, z ) : 0;
+    /* We know these to be ASCII, so MUTF-8 is fine. */;
+  s3jni_oom_check(z ? !!rv : 1);
+  return rv;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_compileoption_used(),jboolean,1compileoption_1used)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jstring name
+){
+  const char *zUtf8 = s3jni_jstring_to_mutf8(name)
+    /* We know these to be ASCII, so MUTF-8 is fine (and
+       hypothetically faster to convert). */;
+  const jboolean rc =
+    0==sqlite3_compileoption_used(zUtf8) ? JNI_FALSE : JNI_TRUE;
+  s3jni_mutf8_release(name, zUtf8);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_complete(),int,1complete)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jbyteArray jSql
+){
+  jbyte * const pBuf = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jSql);
+  const jsize nBA = pBuf ? (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jSql) : 0;
+  int rc;
+
+  assert( (nBA>0 ? 0==pBuf[nBA-1] : (pBuf ? 0==*pBuf : 1))
+          && "Byte array is not NUL-terminated." );
+  rc = (pBuf && 0==pBuf[(nBA ? nBA-1 : 0)])
+    ? sqlite3_complete( (const char *)pBuf )
+    : (jSql ? SQLITE_NOMEM : SQLITE_MISUSE);
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jSql, pBuf);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_config() /*for a small subset of options.*/,
+         jint,1config__I)(JniArgsEnvClass, jint n){
+  switch( n ){
+    case SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD:
+    case SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD:
+    case SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED:
+      return sqlite3_config( n );
+    default:
+      return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }
+}
+/* C-to-Java SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG wrapper. */
+static void s3jni_config_log(void *ignored, int errCode, const char *z){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniHook hook = S3JniHook_empty;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(&SJG.hook.configlog, &hook);
+  if( hook.jObj ){
+    jstring const jArg1 = z ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(z, -1) : 0;
+    if( z ? !!jArg1 : 1 ){
+      (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback, errCode, jArg1);
+    }
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG callback");
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+    }
+    S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jArg1);
+  }
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_config() /* for SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG */,
+         jint, 1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_ConfigLogCallback_2
+)(JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jLog){
+  S3JniHook * const pHook = &SJG.hook.configlog;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter;
+  if( !jLog ){
+    rc = sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG, NULL, NULL );
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+    }
+  }else if( pHook->jObj && (*env)->IsSameObject(env, jLog, pHook->jObj) ){
+    /* No-op */
+  }else {
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jLog);
+    jmethodID const midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                                                      "(ILjava/lang/String;)V");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    if( midCallback ){
+      rc = sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG, s3jni_config_log, NULL );
+      if( 0==rc ){
+        S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+        pHook->midCallback = midCallback;
+        pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jLog);
+      }
+    }else{
+      S3JniExceptionWarnIgnore;
+      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
+/* C-to-Java SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG wrapper. */
+static void s3jni_config_sqllog(void *ignored, sqlite3 *pDb, const char *z, int op){
+  jobject jArg0 = 0;
+  jstring jArg1 = 0;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_c(pDb);
+  S3JniHook hook = S3JniHook_empty;
+
+  if( ps ){
+    S3JniHook_localdup(&SJG.hook.sqllog, &hook);
+  }
+  if( !hook.jObj ) return;
+  jArg0 = S3JniRefLocal(ps->jDb);
+  switch( op ){
+    case 0: /* db opened */
+    case 1: /* SQL executed */
+      jArg1 = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( z, -1);
+      break;
+    case 2: /* db closed */
+      break;
+    default:
+      (*env)->FatalError(env, "Unhandled 4th arg to SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG.");
+      break;
+  }
+  (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback, jArg0, jArg1, op);
+  S3JniIfThrew{
+    S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG callback");
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+  }
+  S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jArg0);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jArg1);
+}
+//! Requirement of SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG.
+void sqlite3_init_sqllog(void){
+  sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG, s3jni_config_sqllog, 0 );
+}
+#endif
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_config() /* for SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG */,
+         jint, 1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_ConfigSqllogCallback_2)(
+           JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jLog){
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
+  return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+#else
+  S3JniHook * const pHook = &SJG.hook.sqllog;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter;
+  if( !jLog ){
+    rc = sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG, NULL );
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+    }
+  }else if( pHook->jObj && (*env)->IsSameObject(env, jLog, pHook->jObj) ){
+    /* No-op */
+  }else {
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jLog);
+    jmethodID const midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                                                      "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;"
+                                                      "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                                                      "I)V");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    if( midCallback ){
+      rc = sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG, s3jni_config_sqllog, NULL );
+      if( 0==rc ){
+        S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+        pHook->midCallback = midCallback;
+        pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jLog);
+      }
+    }else{
+      S3JniExceptionWarnIgnore;
+      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+#endif
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_context_db_handle(),jobject,1context_1db_1handle)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx
+){
+  sqlite3_context * const pCx = PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx);
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = pCx ? sqlite3_context_db_handle(pCx) : 0;
+  S3JniDb * const ps = pDb ? S3JniDb_from_c(pDb) : 0;
+  return ps ? ps->jDb : 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** State for CollationCallbacks. This used to be its own separate
+** type, but has since been consolidated with S3JniHook. It retains
+** its own typedef for code legibility and searchability reasons.
+*/
+typedef S3JniHook S3JniCollationCallback;
+
+/*
+** Proxy for Java-side CollationCallback.xCompare() callbacks.
+*/
+static int CollationCallback_xCompare(void *pArg, int nLhs, const void *lhs,
+                                      int nRhs, const void *rhs){
+  S3JniCollationCallback * const pCC = pArg;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  jint rc = 0;
+  if( pCC->jObj ){
+    jbyteArray jbaLhs = s3jni_new_jbyteArray(lhs, (jint)nLhs);
+    jbyteArray jbaRhs = jbaLhs
+      ? s3jni_new_jbyteArray(rhs, (jint)nRhs) : 0;
+    if( !jbaRhs ){
+      S3JniUnrefLocal(jbaLhs);
+      /* We have no recovery strategy here. */
+      s3jni_oom_check( jbaRhs );
+      return 0;
+    }
+    rc = (*env)->CallIntMethod(env, pCC->jObj, pCC->midCallback,
+                               jbaLhs, jbaRhs);
+    S3JniExceptionIgnore;
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jbaLhs);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jbaRhs);
+  }
+  return (int)rc;
+}
+
+/* CollationCallback finalizer for use by the sqlite3 internals. */
+static void CollationCallback_xDestroy(void *pArg){
+  S3JniCollationCallback * const pCC = pArg;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniHook_free(pCC);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_create_collation() sqlite3_create_collation_v2(),
+         jint,1create_1collation
+)(JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jstring name, jint eTextRep,
+  jobject oCollation){
+  int rc;
+  S3JniDb * ps;
+
+  if( !jDb || !name || !encodingTypeIsValid(eTextRep) ){
+    return (jint)SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, oCollation);
+  jmethodID const midCallback =
+    (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call", "([B[B)I");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  S3JniIfThrew{
+    rc = s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                        "Could not get call() method from "
+                        "CollationCallback object.");
+  }else{
+    char * const zName = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(name, 0);
+    S3JniCollationCallback * const pCC =
+      zName ? S3JniHook_alloc() : 0;
+    if( pCC ){
+      rc = sqlite3_create_collation_v2(ps->pDb, zName, (int)eTextRep,
+                                       pCC, CollationCallback_xCompare,
+                                       CollationCallback_xDestroy);
+      if( 0==rc ){
+        pCC->midCallback = midCallback;
+        pCC->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(oCollation);
+        pCC->doXDestroy = 1;
+      }else{
+        CollationCallback_xDestroy(pCC);
+      }
+    }else{
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+    sqlite3_free(zName);
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_create_function() sqlite3_create_function_v2()
+         sqlite3_create_window_function(),
+         jint,1create_1function
+)(JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jstring jFuncName, jint nArg,
+  jint eTextRep, jobject jFunctor){
+  S3JniUdf * s = 0;
+  int rc;
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jDb);
+  char * zFuncName = 0;
+
+  if( !pDb || !jFuncName ){
+    return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }else if( !encodingTypeIsValid(eTextRep) ){
+    return s3jni_db_error(pDb, SQLITE_FORMAT,
+                          "Invalid function encoding option.");
+  }
+  s = S3JniUdf_alloc(env, jFunctor);
+  if( !s ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+
+  if( UDF_UNKNOWN_TYPE==s->type ){
+    rc = s3jni_db_error(pDb, SQLITE_MISUSE,
+                        "Cannot unambiguously determine function type.");
+    S3JniUdf_free(env, s, 1);
+    goto error_cleanup;
+  }
+  zFuncName = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jFuncName,0);
+  if( !zFuncName ){
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    S3JniUdf_free(env, s, 1);
+    goto error_cleanup;
+  }
+  s->zFuncName = zFuncName /* pass on ownership */;
+  if( UDF_WINDOW == s->type ){
+    rc = sqlite3_create_window_function(pDb, zFuncName, nArg, eTextRep, s,
+                                        udf_xStep, udf_xFinal, udf_xValue,
+                                        udf_xInverse, S3JniUdf_finalizer);
+  }else{
+    udf_xFunc_f xFunc = 0;
+    udf_xStep_f xStep = 0;
+    udf_xFinal_f xFinal = 0;
+    if( UDF_SCALAR == s->type ){
+      xFunc = udf_xFunc;
+    }else{
+      assert( UDF_AGGREGATE == s->type );
+      xStep = udf_xStep;
+      xFinal = udf_xFinal;
+    }
+    rc = sqlite3_create_function_v2(pDb, zFuncName, nArg, eTextRep, s,
+                                    xFunc, xStep, xFinal, S3JniUdf_finalizer);
+  }
+error_cleanup:
+  /* Reminder: on sqlite3_create_function() error, s will be
+  ** destroyed via create_function(). */
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_db_config() /*for MAINDBNAME*/,
+         jint,1db_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_sqlite3_2ILjava_lang_String_2
+)(JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jint op, jstring jStr){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  int rc;
+  char *zStr;
+
+  switch( (ps && jStr) ? op : 0 ){
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME:
+      S3JniDb_mutex_enter
+        /* Protect against a race in modifying/freeing
+           ps->zMainDbName. */;
+      zStr = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( jStr, 0);
+      if( zStr ){
+        rc = sqlite3_db_config(ps->pDb, (int)op, zStr);
+        if( rc ){
+          sqlite3_free( zStr );
+        }else{
+          sqlite3_free( ps->zMainDbName );
+          ps->zMainDbName = zStr;
+        }
+      }else{
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }
+      S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+      break;
+    case 0:
+    default:
+      rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(
+  sqlite3_db_config(),
+  /* WARNING: openjdk v19 creates a different mangled name for this
+  ** function than openjdk v8 does. We account for that by exporting
+  ** both versions of the name. */
+  jint,1db_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_sqlite3_2IILorg_sqlite_jni_capi_OutputPointer_Int32_2
+)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jint op, jint onOff, jobject jOut
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  int rc;
+  switch( ps ? op : 0 ){
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS:
+    case SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER: {
+      int pOut = 0;
+      rc = sqlite3_db_config( ps->pDb, (int)op, onOff, &pOut );
+      if( 0==rc && jOut ){
+        OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOut, pOut);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 0:
+    default:
+      rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** This is a workaround for openjdk v19 (and possibly others) encoding
+** this function's name differently than JDK v8 does. If we do not
+** install both names for this function then Java will not be able to
+** find the function in both environments.
+*/
+JniDecl(jint,1db_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_sqlite3_2IILorg_sqlite_jni_capi_OutputPointer_00024Int32_2)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jint op, jint onOff, jobject jOut
+){
+  return JniFuncName(1db_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_sqlite3_2IILorg_sqlite_jni_capi_OutputPointer_Int32_2)(
+    env, jKlazz, jDb, op, onOff, jOut
+  );
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_db_filename(),jstring,1db_1filename)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jstring jDbName
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  char *zDbName;
+  jstring jRv = 0;
+  int nStr = 0;
+
+  if( !ps || !jDbName ){
+    return 0;
+  }
+  zDbName = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( jDbName, &nStr);
+  if( zDbName ){
+    char const * zRv = sqlite3_db_filename(ps->pDb, zDbName);
+    sqlite3_free(zDbName);
+    if( zRv ){
+      jRv = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( zRv, -1);
+    }
+  }
+  return jRv;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_db_handle(),jobject,1db_1handle)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = pStmt ? sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt) : 0;
+  S3JniDb * const ps = pDb ? S3JniDb_from_c(pDb) : 0;
+  return ps ? ps->jDb : 0;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_db_readonly(),jint,1db_1readonly)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jstring jDbName
+){
+  int rc = 0;
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  char *zDbName = jDbName ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( jDbName, 0 ) : 0;
+  rc = sqlite3_db_readonly(ps ? ps->pDb : 0, zDbName);
+  sqlite3_free(zDbName);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_db_release_memory(),int,1db_1release_1memory)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jDb);
+  return pDb ? sqlite3_db_release_memory(pDb) : SQLITE_MISUSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_db_status(),jint,1db_1status)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jint op, jobject jOutCurrent,
+                        jobject jOutHigh, jboolean reset
+){
+  int iCur = 0, iHigh = 0;
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jDb);
+  int rc = sqlite3_db_status( pDb, op, &iCur, &iHigh, reset );
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCurrent, iCur);
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutHigh, iHigh);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_errcode(),jint,1errcode)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  return pDb ? sqlite3_errcode(pDb) : SQLITE_MISUSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_errmsg(),jstring,1errmsg)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  return pDb ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( sqlite3_errmsg(pDb), -1) : 0
+    /* We don't use errmsg16() directly only because it would cause an
+       additional level of internal encoding in sqlite3. The end
+       effect should be identical to using errmsg16(), however. */;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_errstr(),jstring,1errstr)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jint rcCode
+){
+  jstring const rv = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, sqlite3_errstr((int)rcCode))
+    /* We know these values to be plain ASCII, so pose no MUTF-8
+    ** incompatibility */;
+  s3jni_oom_check( rv );
+  return rv;
+}
+
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
+/* Dummy stub for sqlite3_normalized_sql(). Never called. */
+static const char * sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *s){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  (*env)->FatalError(env, "dummy sqlite3_normalized_sql() was "
+                     "impossibly called.") /* does not return */;
+  return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Impl for sqlite3_expanded_sql() (if isExpanded is true) and
+** sqlite3_normalized_sql().
+*/
+static jstring s3jni_xn_sql(int isExpanded, JNIEnv *env, jobject jpStmt){
+  jstring rv = 0;
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+
+  if( pStmt ){
+    char * zSql = isExpanded
+      ? sqlite3_expanded_sql(pStmt)
+      : (char*)sqlite3_normalized_sql(pStmt);
+    s3jni_oom_fatal(zSql);
+    if( zSql ){
+      rv = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(zSql, -1);
+      if( isExpanded ) sqlite3_free(zSql);
+    }
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_expanded_sql(),jstring,1expanded_1sql)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt
+){
+  return s3jni_xn_sql(1, env, jpStmt);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_normalized_sql(),jstring,1normalized_1sql)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt
+){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
+  return s3jni_xn_sql(0, env, jpStmt);
+#else
+  return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_extended_result_codes(),jboolean,1extended_1result_1codes)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb, jboolean onoff
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  int const rc = pDb ? sqlite3_extended_result_codes(pDb, onoff ? 1 : 0) : 0;
+  return rc ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_finalize(),jint,1finalize)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpStmt
+){
+  return jpStmt
+    ? sqlite3_finalize(S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt))
+    : 0;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_get_auxdata(),jobject,1get_1auxdata)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jCx, jint n
+){
+  return sqlite3_get_auxdata(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jCx), (int)n);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_initialize(),jint,1initialize)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass
+){
+  return sqlite3_initialize();
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_interrupt(),void,1interrupt)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  if( pDb ){
+    sqlite3_interrupt(pDb);
+  }
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_is_interrupted(),jboolean,1is_1interrupted)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb
+){
+  int rc = 0;
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  if( pDb ){
+    rc = sqlite3_is_interrupted(pDb);
+  }
+  return rc ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+** Uncaches the current JNIEnv from the S3JniGlobal state, clearing
+** any resources owned by that cache entry and making that slot
+** available for re-use.
+*/
+JniDecl(jboolean,1java_1uncache_1thread)(JniArgsEnvClass){
+  int rc;
+  S3JniEnv_mutex_enter;
+  rc = S3JniEnv_uncache(env);
+  S3JniEnv_mutex_leave;
+  return rc ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_keyword_check(),jboolean,1keyword_1check)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jstring jWord
+){
+  int nWord = 0;
+  char * zWord = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jWord, &nWord);
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  s3jni_oom_check(jWord ? !!zWord : 1);
+  if( zWord && nWord ){
+    rc = sqlite3_keyword_check(zWord, nWord);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(zWord);
+  return rc ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_keyword_name(),jstring,1keyword_1name)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jint ndx
+){
+  const char * zWord = 0;
+  int n = 0;
+  jstring rv = 0;
+
+  if( 0==sqlite3_keyword_name(ndx, &zWord, &n) ){
+    rv = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(zWord, n);
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(),jlong,1last_1insert_1rowid)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb
+){
+  return (jlong)sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_limit(),jint,1limit)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb, jint id, jint newVal
+){
+  jint rc = 0;
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  if( pDb ){
+    rc = sqlite3_limit( pDb, (int)id, (int)newVal );
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* Pre-open() code common to sqlite3_open[_v2](). */
+static int s3jni_open_pre(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniEnv **jc,
+                          jstring jDbName, char **zDbName,
+                          S3JniDb ** ps){
+  int rc = 0;
+  jobject jDb = 0;
+
+  *jc = S3JniEnv_get();
+  if( !*jc ){
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    goto end;
+  }
+  *zDbName = jDbName ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( jDbName, 0) : 0;
+  if( jDbName && !*zDbName ){
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    goto end;
+  }
+  jDb = new_java_sqlite3(env, 0);
+  if( !jDb ){
+    sqlite3_free(*zDbName);
+    *zDbName = 0;
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    goto end;
+  }
+  *ps = S3JniDb_alloc(env, jDb);
+  if( *ps ){
+    (*jc)->pdbOpening = *ps;
+  }else{
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jDb);
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+end:
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Post-open() code common to both the sqlite3_open() and
+** sqlite3_open_v2() bindings. ps->jDb must be the
+** org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3 object which will hold the db's native
+** pointer. theRc must be the result code of the open() op. If
+** *ppDb is NULL then ps is set aside and its state cleared,
+** else ps is associated with *ppDb. If *ppDb is not NULL then
+** ps->jDb is stored in jOut (an OutputPointer.sqlite3 instance).
+**
+** Must be called if s3jni_open_pre() succeeds and must not be called
+** if it doesn't.
+**
+** Returns theRc.
+*/
+static int s3jni_open_post(JNIEnv * const env, S3JniEnv * const jc,
+                           S3JniDb * ps, sqlite3 **ppDb,
+                           jobject jOut, int theRc){
+  int rc = 0;
+  jc->pdbOpening = 0;
+  if( *ppDb ){
+    assert(ps->jDb);
+    if( 0==ps->pDb ){
+      ps->pDb = *ppDb;
+      NativePointerHolder_set(S3JniNph(sqlite3), ps->jDb, *ppDb);
+    }else{
+      assert( ps->pDb==*ppDb
+              && "Set up via s3jni_run_java_auto_extensions()" );
+    }
+    rc = sqlite3_set_clientdata(ps->pDb, S3JniDb_clientdata_key,
+                                ps, S3JniDb_xDestroy)
+      /* As of here, the Java/C connection is complete */;
+  }else{
+    S3JniDb_set_aside(ps);
+    ps = 0;
+  }
+  OutputPointer_set_obj(env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_sqlite3),
+                        jOut, ps ? ps->jDb : 0);
+  return theRc ? theRc : rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_open(),jint,1open)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jstring strName, jobject jOut
+){
+  sqlite3 * pOut = 0;
+  char *zName = 0;
+  S3JniDb * ps = 0;
+  S3JniEnv * jc = 0;
+  int rc;
+
+  if( 0==jOut ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  rc = s3jni_open_pre(env, &jc, strName, &zName, &ps);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    rc = s3jni_open_post(env, jc, ps, &pOut, jOut,
+                         sqlite3_open(zName, &pOut));
+    assert(rc==0 ? pOut!=0 : 1);
+    sqlite3_free(zName);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_open_v2(),jint,1open_1v2)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jstring strName,
+  jobject jOut, jint flags, jstring strVfs
+){
+  sqlite3 * pOut = 0;
+  char *zName = 0;
+  S3JniDb * ps = 0;
+  S3JniEnv * jc = 0;
+  char *zVfs = 0;
+  int rc;
+
+  if( 0==jOut ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  rc = s3jni_open_pre(env, &jc, strName, &zName, &ps);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    if( strVfs ){
+      zVfs = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( strVfs, 0);
+      if( !zVfs ){
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }
+    }
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      rc = sqlite3_open_v2(zName, &pOut, (int)flags, zVfs);
+    }
+    rc = s3jni_open_post(env, jc, ps, &pOut, jOut, rc);
+  }
+  assert(rc==0 ? pOut!=0 : 1);
+  sqlite3_free(zName);
+  sqlite3_free(zVfs);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+/* Proxy for the sqlite3_prepare[_v2/3]() family. */
+jint sqlite3_jni_prepare_v123( int prepVersion, JNIEnv * const env, jclass self,
+                               jlong jpDb, jbyteArray baSql,
+                               jint nMax, jint prepFlags,
+                               jobject jOutStmt, jobject outTail){
+  sqlite3_stmt * pStmt = 0;
+  jobject jStmt = 0;
+  const char * zTail = 0;
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  jbyte * const pBuf = pDb ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(baSql)  : 0;
+  int rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+
+  assert(prepVersion==1 || prepVersion==2 || prepVersion==3);
+  if( !pDb || !jOutStmt ){
+    rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+    goto end;
+  }else if( !pBuf ){
+    rc = baSql ? SQLITE_NOMEM : SQLITE_MISUSE;
+    goto end;
+  }
+  jStmt = new_java_sqlite3_stmt(env, 0);
+  if( !jStmt ){
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    goto end;
+  }
+  switch( prepVersion ){
+    case 1: rc = sqlite3_prepare(pDb, (const char *)pBuf,
+                                 (int)nMax, &pStmt, &zTail);
+      break;
+    case 2: rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(pDb, (const char *)pBuf,
+                                    (int)nMax, &pStmt, &zTail);
+      break;
+    case 3: rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(pDb, (const char *)pBuf,
+                                    (int)nMax, (unsigned int)prepFlags,
+                                    &pStmt, &zTail);
+      break;
+    default:
+      assert(!"Invalid prepare() version");
+  }
+end:
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baSql,pBuf);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    if( 0!=outTail ){
+      /* Noting that pBuf is deallocated now but its address is all we need for
+      ** what follows... */
+      assert(zTail ? ((void*)zTail>=(void*)pBuf) : 1);
+      assert(zTail ? (((int)((void*)zTail - (void*)pBuf)) >= 0) : 1);
+      OutputPointer_set_Int32(
+        env, outTail, (int)(zTail ? (zTail - (const char *)pBuf) : 0)
+      );
+    }
+    if( pStmt ){
+      NativePointerHolder_set(S3JniNph(sqlite3_stmt), jStmt, pStmt);
+    }else{
+      /* Happens for comments and whitespace. */
+      S3JniUnrefLocal(jStmt);
+      jStmt = 0;
+    }
+  }else{
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jStmt);
+    jStmt = 0;
+  }
+  if( jOutStmt ){
+    OutputPointer_set_obj(env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_sqlite3_stmt),
+                          jOutStmt, jStmt);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_prepare(),jint,1prepare)(
+  JNIEnv * const env, jclass self, jlong jpDb, jbyteArray baSql,
+                     jint nMax, jobject jOutStmt, jobject outTail
+){
+  return sqlite3_jni_prepare_v123(1, env, self, jpDb, baSql, nMax, 0,
+                                  jOutStmt, outTail);
+}
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_prepare_v2(),jint,1prepare_1v2)(
+  JNIEnv * const env, jclass self, jlong jpDb, jbyteArray baSql,
+                         jint nMax, jobject jOutStmt, jobject outTail
+){
+  return sqlite3_jni_prepare_v123(2, env, self, jpDb, baSql, nMax, 0,
+                                  jOutStmt, outTail);
+}
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_prepare_v3(),jint,1prepare_1v3)(
+  JNIEnv * const env, jclass self, jlong jpDb, jbyteArray baSql,
+                         jint nMax, jint prepFlags, jobject jOutStmt, jobject outTail
+){
+  return sqlite3_jni_prepare_v123(3, env, self, jpDb, baSql, nMax,
+                                  prepFlags, jOutStmt, outTail);
+}
+
+/*
+** Impl for C-to-Java of the callbacks for both sqlite3_update_hook()
+** and sqlite3_preupdate_hook().  The differences are that for
+** update_hook():
+**
+** - pDb is NULL
+** - iKey1 is the row ID
+** - iKey2 is unused
+*/
+static void s3jni_updatepre_hook_impl(void * pState, sqlite3 *pDb, int opId,
+                                      const char *zDb, const char *zTable,
+                                      sqlite3_int64 iKey1, sqlite3_int64 iKey2){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = pState;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  jstring jDbName;
+  jstring jTable;
+  const int isPre = 0!=pDb;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(isPre ?
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+                 &ps->hooks.preUpdate
+#else
+                 &S3JniHook_empty
+#endif
+                 : &ps->hooks.update, &hook);
+  if( !hook.jObj ){
+    return;
+  }
+  jDbName  = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( zDb, -1);
+  jTable = jDbName ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( zTable, -1) : 0;
+  S3JniIfThrew {
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_NOMEM, 0);
+  }else{
+    assert( hook.jObj );
+    assert( hook.midCallback );
+    assert( ps->jDb );
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+    if( isPre ) (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback,
+                                       ps->jDb, (jint)opId, jDbName, jTable,
+                                       (jlong)iKey1, (jlong)iKey2);
+    else
+#endif
+    (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback,
+                           (jint)opId, jDbName, jTable, (jlong)iKey1);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("sqlite3_(pre)update_hook() callback");
+      s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, 0,
+                         "sqlite3_(pre)update_hook() callback threw");
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jDbName);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jTable);
+  S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+}
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+static void s3jni_preupdate_hook_impl(void * pState, sqlite3 *pDb, int opId,
+                                      const char *zDb, const char *zTable,
+                                      sqlite3_int64 iKey1, sqlite3_int64 iKey2){
+  return s3jni_updatepre_hook_impl(pState, pDb, opId, zDb, zTable,
+                                   iKey1, iKey2);
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
+
+static void s3jni_update_hook_impl(void * pState, int opId, const char *zDb,
+                                   const char *zTable, sqlite3_int64 nRowid){
+  return s3jni_updatepre_hook_impl(pState, NULL, opId, zDb, zTable, nRowid, 0);
+}
+
+#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
+/* We need no-op impls for preupdate_{count,depth,blobwrite}() */
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(),int,1preupdate_1blobwrite)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jDb){ return SQLITE_MISUSE; }
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_preupdate_count(),int,1preupdate_1count)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jDb){ return SQLITE_MISUSE; }
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_preupdate_depth(),int,1preupdate_1depth)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jDb){ return SQLITE_MISUSE; }
+#endif /* !SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
+
+/*
+** JNI wrapper for both sqlite3_update_hook() and
+** sqlite3_preupdate_hook() (if isPre is true).
+*/
+static jobject s3jni_updatepre_hook(JNIEnv * env, int isPre, jlong jpDb, jobject jHook){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_jlong(jpDb);
+  jclass klazz;
+  jobject pOld = 0;
+  jmethodID xCallback;
+  S3JniHook * pHook;
+
+  if( !ps ) return 0;
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  pHook = isPre ?
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+    &ps->hooks.preUpdate
+#else
+    0
+#endif
+    : &ps->hooks.update;
+  if( !pHook ){
+    goto end;
+  }
+  pOld = pHook->jObj;
+  if( pOld && jHook && (*env)->IsSameObject(env, pOld, jHook) ){
+    goto end;
+  }
+  if( !jHook ){
+    if( pOld ){
+      jobject tmp = S3JniRefLocal(pOld);
+      S3JniUnrefGlobal(pOld);
+      pOld = tmp;
+    }
+    *pHook = S3JniHook_empty;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+    if( isPre ) sqlite3_preupdate_hook(ps->pDb, 0, 0);
+    else
+#endif
+    sqlite3_update_hook(ps->pDb, 0, 0);
+    goto end;
+  }
+  klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jHook);
+  xCallback = isPre
+    ? (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                          "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;"
+                          "I"
+                          "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                          "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                          "JJ)V")
+    : (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                          "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;J)V");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  S3JniIfThrew {
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                   "Cannot not find matching callback on "
+                   "(pre)update hook object.");
+  }else{
+    pHook->midCallback = xCallback;
+    pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jHook);
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+    if( isPre ) sqlite3_preupdate_hook(ps->pDb, s3jni_preupdate_hook_impl, ps);
+    else
+#endif
+    sqlite3_update_hook(ps->pDb, s3jni_update_hook_impl, ps);
+    if( pOld ){
+      jobject tmp = S3JniRefLocal(pOld);
+      S3JniUnrefGlobal(pOld);
+      pOld = tmp;
+    }
+  }
+end:
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  return pOld;
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_preupdate_hook(),jobject,1preupdate_1hook)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jobject jHook
+){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+  return s3jni_updatepre_hook(env, 1, jpDb, jHook);
+#else
+  return NULL;
+#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
+}
+
+/* Impl for sqlite3_preupdate_{new,old}(). */
+static int s3jni_preupdate_newold(JNIEnv * const env, int isNew, jlong jpDb,
+                                  jint iCol, jobject jOut){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3(jpDb);
+  int rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if( pDb ){
+    sqlite3_value * pOut = 0;
+    int (*fOrig)(sqlite3*,int,sqlite3_value**) =
+      isNew ? sqlite3_preupdate_new : sqlite3_preupdate_old;
+    rc = fOrig(pDb, (int)iCol, &pOut);
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      jobject pWrap = new_java_sqlite3_value(env, pOut);
+      if( !pWrap ){
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }
+      OutputPointer_set_obj(env, S3JniNph(OutputPointer_sqlite3_value),
+                            jOut, pWrap);
+      S3JniUnrefLocal(pWrap);
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+#else
+  return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+#endif
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_preupdate_new(),jint,1preupdate_1new)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jint iCol, jobject jOut
+){
+  return s3jni_preupdate_newold(env, 1, jpDb, iCol, jOut);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_preupdate_old(),jint,1preupdate_1old)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jint iCol, jobject jOut
+){
+  return s3jni_preupdate_newold(env, 0, jpDb, iCol, jOut);
+}
+
+
+/* Central C-to-Java sqlite3_progress_handler() proxy. */
+static int s3jni_progress_handler_impl(void *pP){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = (S3JniDb *)pP;
+  int rc = 0;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(&ps->hooks.progress, &hook);
+  if( hook.jObj ){
+    rc = (int)(*env)->CallIntMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      rc = s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, rc,
+                              "sqlite3_progress_handler() callback threw");
+    }
+    S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_progress_handler(),void,1progress_1handler)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass,jobject jDb, jint n, jobject jProgress
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  S3JniHook * const pHook = ps ? &ps->hooks.progress : 0;
+
+  if( !ps ) return;
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  if( n<1 || !jProgress ){
+    S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+    sqlite3_progress_handler(ps->pDb, 0, 0, 0);
+  }else{
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jProgress);
+    jmethodID const xCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call", "()I");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    S3JniIfThrew {
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+      s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                     "Cannot not find matching xCallback() on "
+                     "ProgressHandler object.");
+    }else{
+      S3JniUnrefGlobal(pHook->jObj);
+      pHook->midCallback = xCallback;
+      pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jProgress);
+      sqlite3_progress_handler(ps->pDb, (int)n, s3jni_progress_handler_impl, ps);
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_randomness(),void,1randomness)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jbyteArray jTgt
+){
+  jbyte * const jba = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jTgt);
+  if( jba ){
+    jsize const nTgt = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jTgt);
+    sqlite3_randomness( (int)nTgt, jba );
+    s3jni_jbyteArray_commit(jTgt, jba);
+  }
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_reset(),jint,1reset)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  return pStmt ? sqlite3_reset(pStmt) : SQLITE_MISUSE;
+}
+
+/* Clears all entries from S3JniGlobal.autoExt. */
+static void s3jni_reset_auto_extension(JNIEnv *env){
+  int i;
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_enter;
+  for( i = 0; i < SJG.autoExt.nExt; ++i ){
+    S3JniAutoExtension_clear( &SJG.autoExt.aExt[i] );
+  }
+  SJG.autoExt.nExt = 0;
+  S3JniAutoExt_mutex_leave;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(),void,1reset_1auto_1extension)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass
+){
+  s3jni_reset_auto_extension(env);
+}
+
+/* Impl for sqlite3_result_text/blob() and friends. */
+static void result_blob_text(int as64     /* true for text64/blob64() mode */,
+                             int eTextRep /* 0 for blobs, else SQLITE_UTF... */,
+                             JNIEnv * const env, sqlite3_context *pCx,
+                             jbyteArray jBa, jlong nMax){
+  int const asBlob = 0==eTextRep;
+  if( !pCx ){
+    /* We should arguably emit a warning here. But where to log it? */
+    return;
+  }else if( jBa ){
+    jbyte * const pBuf = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jBa);
+    jsize nBA = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jBa);
+    if( nMax>=0 && nBA>(jsize)nMax ){
+      nBA = (jsize)nMax;
+      /**
+         From the sqlite docs:
+
+         > If the 3rd parameter to any of the sqlite3_result_text*
+           interfaces other than sqlite3_result_text64() is negative,
+           then SQLite computes the string length itself by searching
+           the 2nd parameter for the first zero character.
+
+         Note that the text64() interfaces take an unsigned value for
+         the length, which Java does not support. This binding takes
+         the approach of passing on negative values to the C API,
+         which will in turn fail with SQLITE_TOOBIG at some later
+         point (recall that the sqlite3_result_xyz() family do not
+         have result values).
+      */
+    }
+    if( as64 ){ /* 64-bit... */
+      static const jsize nLimit64 =
+        SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE/*only _kinda_ arbitrary*/;
+      if( nBA > nLimit64 ){
+        sqlite3_result_error_toobig(pCx);
+      }else if( asBlob ){
+        sqlite3_result_blob64(pCx, pBuf, (sqlite3_uint64)nBA,
+                              SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+      }else{ /* text64... */
+        if( encodingTypeIsValid(eTextRep) ){
+          sqlite3_result_text64(pCx, (const char *)pBuf,
+                                (sqlite3_uint64)nBA,
+                                SQLITE_TRANSIENT, eTextRep);
+        }else{
+          sqlite3_result_error_code(pCx, SQLITE_FORMAT);
+        }
+      }
+    }else{ /* 32-bit... */
+      static const jsize nLimit = SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE;
+      if( nBA > nLimit ){
+        sqlite3_result_error_toobig(pCx);
+      }else if( asBlob ){
+        sqlite3_result_blob(pCx, pBuf, (int)nBA,
+                            SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+      }else{
+        switch( eTextRep ){
+          case SQLITE_UTF8:
+            sqlite3_result_text(pCx, (const char *)pBuf, (int)nBA,
+                                SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+            break;
+          case SQLITE_UTF16:
+            sqlite3_result_text16(pCx, (const char *)pBuf, (int)nBA,
+                                  SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+            break;
+          case SQLITE_UTF16LE:
+            sqlite3_result_text16le(pCx, (const char *)pBuf, (int)nBA,
+                                    SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+            break;
+          case SQLITE_UTF16BE:
+            sqlite3_result_text16be(pCx, (const char *)pBuf, (int)nBA,
+                                    SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+            break;
+        }
+      }
+      s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jBa, pBuf);
+    }
+  }else{
+    sqlite3_result_null(pCx);
+  }
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_blob(),void,1result_1blob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jbyteArray jBa, jint nMax
+){
+  return result_blob_text(0, 0, env, PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), jBa, nMax);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_blob64(),void,1result_1blob64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jbyteArray jBa, jlong nMax
+){
+  return result_blob_text(1, 0, env, PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), jBa, nMax);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_double(),void,1result_1double)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jdouble v
+){
+  sqlite3_result_double(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), v);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_error(),void,1result_1error)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jbyteArray baMsg, int eTextRep
+){
+  const char * zUnspecified = "Unspecified error.";
+  jsize const baLen = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, baMsg);
+  jbyte * const pjBuf = baMsg ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(baMsg) : NULL;
+  switch( pjBuf ? eTextRep : SQLITE_UTF8 ){
+    case SQLITE_UTF8: {
+      const char *zMsg = pjBuf ? (const char *)pjBuf : zUnspecified;
+      int const n = pjBuf ? (int)baLen : (int)sqlite3Strlen30(zMsg);
+      sqlite3_result_error(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), zMsg, n);
+      break;
+    }
+    case SQLITE_UTF16: {
+      const void *zMsg = pjBuf;
+      sqlite3_result_error16(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), zMsg, (int)baLen);
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      sqlite3_result_error(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx),
+                           "Invalid encoding argument passed "
+                           "to sqlite3_result_error().", -1);
+      break;
+  }
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baMsg,pjBuf);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_error_code(),void,1result_1error_1code)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jint v
+){
+  sqlite3_result_error_code(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), (int)v);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_error_nomem(),void,1result_1error_1nomem)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx
+){
+  sqlite3_result_error_nomem(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_error_toobig(),void,1result_1error_1toobig)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx
+){
+  sqlite3_result_error_toobig(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_int(),void,1result_1int)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jint v
+){
+  sqlite3_result_int(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), (int)v);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_int64(),void,1result_1int64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jlong v
+){
+  sqlite3_result_int64(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), (sqlite3_int64)v);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_java_object(),void,1result_1java_1object)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jobject v
+){
+  sqlite3_context * pCx = PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx);
+  if( !pCx ) return;
+  else if( v ){
+    jobject const rjv = S3JniRefGlobal(v);
+    if( rjv ){
+      sqlite3_result_pointer(pCx, rjv,
+                             ResultJavaValuePtrStr, S3Jni_jobject_finalizer);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3_result_error_nomem(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx));
+    }
+  }else{
+    sqlite3_result_null(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx));
+  }
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_null(),void,1result_1null)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx
+){
+  sqlite3_result_null(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_text(),void,1result_1text)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jbyteArray jBa, jint nMax
+){
+  return result_blob_text(0, SQLITE_UTF8, env,
+                          PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), jBa, nMax);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_text64(),void,1result_1text64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jbyteArray jBa, jlong nMax,
+                            jint eTextRep
+){
+  return result_blob_text(1, eTextRep, env,
+                          PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), jBa, nMax);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_value(),void,1result_1value)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jobject jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_result_value(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx),
+                       PtrGet_sqlite3_value(jpSVal));
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_zeroblob(),void,1result_1zeroblob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jint v
+){
+  sqlite3_result_zeroblob(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx), (int)v);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(),jint,1result_1zeroblob64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpCx, jlong v
+){
+  return (jint)sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jpCx),
+                                         (sqlite3_int64)v);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_rollback_hook(),jobject,1rollback_1hook)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jobject jHook
+){
+  return s3jni_commit_rollback_hook(0, env, jpDb, jHook);
+}
+
+/* Callback for sqlite3_set_authorizer(). */
+int s3jni_xAuth(void* pState, int op,const char*z0, const char*z1,
+                const char*z2,const char*z3){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = pState;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(&ps->hooks.auth, &hook );
+  if( hook.jObj ){
+    jstring const s0 = z0 ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( z0, -1) : 0;
+    jstring const s1 = z1 ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( z1, -1) : 0;
+    jstring const s2 = z2 ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( z2, -1) : 0;
+    jstring const s3 = z3 ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( z3, -1) : 0;
+
+    rc = (*env)->CallIntMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback, (jint)op,
+                               s0, s1, s3, s3);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      rc = s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, rc, "sqlite3_set_authorizer() callback");
+    }
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(s0);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(s1);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(s2);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(s3);
+    S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_set_authorizer(),jint,1set_1authorizer)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass,jobject jDb, jobject jHook
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  S3JniHook * const pHook = ps ? &ps->hooks.auth : 0;
+  int rc = 0;
+
+  if( !ps ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  if( !jHook ){
+    S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+    rc = sqlite3_set_authorizer( ps->pDb, 0, 0 );
+  }else{
+    jclass klazz;
+    if( pHook->jObj ){
+      if( (*env)->IsSameObject(env, pHook->jObj, jHook) ){
+      /* Same object - this is a no-op. */
+        S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+        return 0;
+      }
+      S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+    }
+    pHook->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jHook);
+    klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jHook);
+    pHook->midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz,
+                                             "call",
+                                             "(I"
+                                             "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                                             "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                                             "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                                             "Ljava/lang/String;"
+                                             ")I");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    S3JniIfThrew {
+      rc = s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                          "Error setting up Java parts of authorizer hook.");
+    }else{
+      rc = sqlite3_set_authorizer(ps->pDb, s3jni_xAuth, ps);
+    }
+    if( rc ) S3JniHook_unref(pHook);
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_set_auxdata(),void,1set_1auxdata)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jCx, jint n, jobject jAux
+){
+  sqlite3_set_auxdata(PtrGet_sqlite3_context(jCx), (int)n,
+                      S3JniRefGlobal(jAux), S3Jni_jobject_finalizer);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(),void,1set_1last_1insert_1rowid)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpDb, jlong rowId
+){
+  sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(PtrGet_sqlite3(jpDb),
+                                (sqlite3_int64)rowId);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_shutdown(),jint,1shutdown)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass
+){
+  s3jni_reset_auto_extension(env);
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
+  S3JniHook_unref(&SJG.hook.sqllog);
+#endif
+  S3JniHook_unref(&SJG.hook.configlog);
+  /* Free up S3JniDb recycling bin. */
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter; {
+    while( S3JniGlobal.perDb.aFree ){
+      S3JniDb * const d = S3JniGlobal.perDb.aFree;
+      S3JniGlobal.perDb.aFree = d->pNext;
+      S3JniDb_clear(env, d);
+      sqlite3_free(d);
+    }
+  } S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter; {
+    /* Free up S3JniUdf recycling bin. */
+    while( S3JniGlobal.udf.aFree ){
+      S3JniUdf * const u = S3JniGlobal.udf.aFree;
+      S3JniGlobal.udf.aFree = u->pNext;
+      u->pNext = 0;
+      S3JniUdf_free(env, u, 0);
+    }
+  } S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave;
+  S3JniHook_mutex_enter; {
+    /* Free up S3JniHook recycling bin. */
+    while( S3JniGlobal.hook.aFree ){
+      S3JniHook * const u = S3JniGlobal.hook.aFree;
+      S3JniGlobal.hook.aFree = u->pNext;
+      u->pNext = 0;
+      assert( !u->doXDestroy );
+      assert( !u->jObj );
+      assert( !u->jExtra );
+      sqlite3_free( u );
+    }
+  } S3JniHook_mutex_leave;
+  /* Free up env cache. */
+  S3JniEnv_mutex_enter; {
+    while( SJG.envCache.aHead ){
+      S3JniEnv_uncache( SJG.envCache.aHead->env );
+    }
+  } S3JniEnv_mutex_leave;
+#if 0
+  /*
+  ** Is automatically closing any still-open dbs a good idea? We will
+  ** get rid of the perDb list once sqlite3 gets a per-db client
+  ** state, at which point we won't have a central list of databases
+  ** to close.
+  */
+  S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+  while( SJG.perDb.pHead ){
+    s3jni_close_db(env, SJG.perDb.pHead->jDb, 2);
+  }
+  S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+#endif
+  /* Do not clear S3JniGlobal.jvm: it's legal to restart the lib. */
+  return sqlite3_shutdown();
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_status(),jint,1status)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jint op, jobject jOutCurrent, jobject jOutHigh,
+                    jboolean reset
+){
+  int iCur = 0, iHigh = 0;
+  int rc = sqlite3_status( op, &iCur, &iHigh, reset );
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCurrent, iCur);
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutHigh, iHigh);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_status64(),jint,1status64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jint op, jobject jOutCurrent, jobject jOutHigh,
+                      jboolean reset
+){
+  sqlite3_int64 iCur = 0, iHigh = 0;
+  int rc = sqlite3_status64( op, &iCur, &iHigh, reset );
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    OutputPointer_set_Int64(env, jOutCurrent, iCur);
+    OutputPointer_set_Int64(env, jOutHigh, iHigh);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_stmt_status(),jint,1stmt_1status)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jStmt, jint op, jboolean reset
+){
+  return sqlite3_stmt_status(PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jStmt),
+                             (int)op, reset ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+
+static int s3jni_strlike_glob(int isLike, JNIEnv *const env,
+                              jbyteArray baG, jbyteArray baT, jint escLike){
+  int rc = 0;
+  jbyte * const pG = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(baG);
+  jbyte * const pT = pG ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(baT) : 0;
+
+  /* Note that we're relying on the byte arrays having been
+     NUL-terminated on the Java side. */
+  rc = isLike
+    ? sqlite3_strlike((const char *)pG, (const char *)pT,
+                      (unsigned int)escLike)
+    : sqlite3_strglob((const char *)pG, (const char *)pT);
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baG, pG);
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baT, pT);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_strglob(),jint,1strglob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jbyteArray baG, jbyteArray baT
+){
+  return s3jni_strlike_glob(0, env, baG, baT, 0);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_strlike(),jint,1strlike)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jbyteArray baG, jbyteArray baT, jint escChar
+){
+  return s3jni_strlike_glob(1, env, baG, baT, escChar);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_sql(),jstring,1sql)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jpStmt
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jpStmt);
+  jstring rv = 0;
+  if( pStmt ){
+    const char * zSql = 0;
+    zSql = sqlite3_sql(pStmt);
+    rv = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( zSql, -1);
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_step(),jint,1step)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass,jobject jStmt
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt * const pStmt = PtrGet_sqlite3_stmt(jStmt);
+  return pStmt ? (jint)sqlite3_step(pStmt) : (jint)SQLITE_MISUSE;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_table_column_metadata(),int,1table_1column_1metadata)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jobject jDb, jstring jDbName, jstring jTableName,
+  jstring jColumnName, jobject jDataType, jobject jCollSeq, jobject jNotNull,
+  jobject jPrimaryKey, jobject jAutoinc
+){
+  sqlite3 * const db = PtrGet_sqlite3(jDb);
+  char * zDbName = 0, * zTableName = 0, * zColumnName = 0;
+  const char * pzCollSeq = 0;
+  const char * pzDataType = 0;
+  int pNotNull = 0, pPrimaryKey = 0, pAutoinc = 0;
+  int rc;
+
+  if( !db || !jDbName || !jTableName ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  zDbName = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jDbName,0);
+  zTableName = zDbName ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jTableName,0) : 0;
+  zColumnName = (zTableName && jColumnName)
+    ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jColumnName,0) : 0;
+  rc = zTableName
+    ? sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, zDbName, zTableName,
+                                    zColumnName, &pzDataType, &pzCollSeq,
+                                    &pNotNull, &pPrimaryKey, &pAutoinc)
+    : SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    jstring jseq = jCollSeq
+      ? (pzCollSeq ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(pzCollSeq, -1) : 0)
+      : 0;
+    jstring jdtype = jDataType
+      ? (pzDataType ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring(pzDataType, -1) : 0)
+      : 0;
+    if( (jCollSeq && pzCollSeq && !jseq)
+        || (jDataType && pzDataType && !jdtype) ){
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      if( jNotNull ) OutputPointer_set_Bool(env, jNotNull, pNotNull);
+      if( jPrimaryKey ) OutputPointer_set_Bool(env, jPrimaryKey, pPrimaryKey);
+      if( jAutoinc ) OutputPointer_set_Bool(env, jAutoinc, pAutoinc);
+      if( jCollSeq ) OutputPointer_set_String(env, jCollSeq, jseq);
+      if( jDataType ) OutputPointer_set_String(env, jDataType, jdtype);
+    }
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jseq);
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(jdtype);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(zDbName);
+  sqlite3_free(zTableName);
+  sqlite3_free(zColumnName);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+static int s3jni_trace_impl(unsigned traceflag, void *pC, void *pP, void *pX){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = (S3JniDb *)pC;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  jobject jX = NULL  /* the tracer's X arg */;
+  jobject jP = NULL  /* the tracer's P arg */;
+  jobject jPUnref = NULL /* potentially a local ref to jP */;
+  int rc = 0;
+  S3JniHook hook;
+
+  S3JniHook_localdup(&ps->hooks.trace, &hook );
+  if( !hook.jObj ){
+    return 0;
+  }
+  switch( traceflag ){
+    case SQLITE_TRACE_STMT:
+      jX = s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( (const char *)pX, -1);
+      if( !jX ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      break;
+    case SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE:
+      jX = (*env)->NewObject(env, SJG.g.cLong, SJG.g.ctorLong1,
+                             (jlong)*((sqlite3_int64*)pX));
+      // hmm. ^^^ (*pX) really is zero.
+      // MARKER(("profile time = %llu\n", *((sqlite3_int64*)pX)));
+      s3jni_oom_check( jX );
+      if( !jX ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      break;
+    case SQLITE_TRACE_ROW:
+      break;
+    case SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE:
+      jP = jPUnref = S3JniRefLocal(ps->jDb);
+      break;
+    default:
+      assert(!"cannot happen - unknown trace flag");
+      rc =  SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    if( !jP ){
+      /* Create a new temporary sqlite3_stmt wrapper */
+      jP = jPUnref = new_java_sqlite3_stmt(env, pP);
+      if( !jP ){
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }
+    }
+    if( 0==rc ){
+      assert(jP);
+      rc = (int)(*env)->CallIntMethod(env, hook.jObj, hook.midCallback,
+                                      (jint)traceflag, jP, jX);
+      S3JniIfThrew{
+        rc = s3jni_db_exception(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                                "sqlite3_trace_v2() callback threw.");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jPUnref);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jX);
+  S3JniHook_localundup(hook);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_trace_v2(),jint,1trace_1v2)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass,jobject jDb, jint traceMask, jobject jTracer
+){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+  int rc;
+
+  if( !ps ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if( !traceMask || !jTracer ){
+    S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+    rc = (jint)sqlite3_trace_v2(ps->pDb, 0, 0, 0);
+    S3JniHook_unref(&ps->hooks.trace);
+    S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  }else{
+    jclass const klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jTracer);
+    S3JniHook hook = S3JniHook_empty;
+    hook.midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(
+      env, klazz, "call", "(ILjava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Object;)I"
+    );
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    S3JniIfThrew {
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+      rc = s3jni_db_error(ps->pDb, SQLITE_ERROR,
+                          "Cannot not find matching call() on "
+                          "TracerCallback object.");
+    }else{
+      hook.jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jTracer);
+      S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+      rc = sqlite3_trace_v2(ps->pDb, (unsigned)traceMask, s3jni_trace_impl, ps);
+      if( 0==rc ){
+        S3JniHook_unref(&ps->hooks.trace);
+        ps->hooks.trace = hook /* transfer ownership of reference */;
+      }else{
+        S3JniHook_unref(&hook);
+      }
+      S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_txn_state(),jint,1txn_1state)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass,jobject jDb, jstring jSchema
+){
+  sqlite3 * const pDb = PtrGet_sqlite3(jDb);
+  int rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if( pDb ){
+    char * zSchema = jSchema
+      ? s3jni_jstring_to_utf8(jSchema, 0)
+      : 0;
+    if( !jSchema || (zSchema && jSchema) ){
+      rc = sqlite3_txn_state(pDb, zSchema);
+      sqlite3_free(zSchema);
+    }else{
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_update_hook(),jobject,1update_1hook)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpDb, jobject jHook
+){
+  return s3jni_updatepre_hook(env, 0, jpDb, jHook);
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_blob(),jbyteArray,1value_1blob)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  const jbyte * pBytes = sv ? sqlite3_value_blob(sv) : 0;
+  int const nLen = pBytes ? sqlite3_value_bytes(sv) : 0;
+
+  s3jni_oom_check( nLen ? !!pBytes : 1 );
+  return pBytes
+    ? s3jni_new_jbyteArray(pBytes, nLen)
+    : NULL;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_bytes(),int,1value_1bytes)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  return sv ? sqlite3_value_bytes(sv) : 0;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_bytes16(),int,1value_1bytes16)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  return sv ? sqlite3_value_bytes16(sv) : 0;
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_double(),jdouble,1value_1double)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  return (jdouble) (sv ? sqlite3_value_double(sv) : 0.0);
+}
+
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_dup(),jobject,1value_1dup)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  sqlite3_value * const sd = sv ? sqlite3_value_dup(sv) : 0;
+  jobject rv = sd ? new_java_sqlite3_value(env, sd) : 0;
+  if( sd && !rv ) {
+    /* OOM */
+    sqlite3_value_free(sd);
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_free(),void,1value_1free)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  if( sv ){
+    sqlite3_value_free(sv);
+  }
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_int(),jint,1value_1int)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  return (jint) (sv ? sqlite3_value_int(sv) : 0);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_int64(),jlong,1value_1int64)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  return (jlong) (sv ? sqlite3_value_int64(sv) : 0LL);
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_java_object(),jobject,1value_1java_1object)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  return sv
+    ? sqlite3_value_pointer(sv, ResultJavaValuePtrStr)
+    : 0;
+}
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_text(),jbyteArray,1value_1text)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  const unsigned char * const p = sv ? sqlite3_value_text(sv) : 0;
+  int const n = p ? sqlite3_value_bytes(sv) : 0;
+  return p ? s3jni_new_jbyteArray(p, n) : 0;
+}
+
+#if 0
+// this impl might prove useful.
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_text(),jstring,1value_1text)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  const unsigned char * const p = sv ? sqlite3_value_text(sv) : 0;
+  int const n = p ? sqlite3_value_bytes(sv) : 0;
+  return p ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( (const char *)p, n) : 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+S3JniApi(sqlite3_value_text16(),jstring,1value_1text16)(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jlong jpSVal
+){
+  sqlite3_value * const sv = S3JniLongPtr_sqlite3_value(jpSVal);
+  const int n = sv ? sqlite3_value_bytes16(sv) : 0;
+  const void * const p = sv ? sqlite3_value_text16(sv) : 0;
+  return p ? s3jni_text16_to_jstring(env, p, n) : 0;
+}
+
+JniDecl(void,1jni_1internal_1details)(JniArgsEnvClass){
+  MARKER(("\nVarious bits of internal info:\n"));
+  puts("FTS5 is "
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+       "available"
+#else
+       "unavailable"
+#endif
+       "."
+       );
+  puts("sizeofs:");
+#define SO(T) printf("\tsizeof(" #T ") = %u\n", (unsigned)sizeof(T))
+  SO(void*);
+  SO(jmethodID);
+  SO(jfieldID);
+  SO(S3JniEnv);
+  SO(S3JniHook);
+  SO(S3JniDb);
+  SO(S3JniNphOps);
+  printf("\t(^^^ %u NativePointerHolder/OutputPointer.T types)\n",
+         (unsigned)S3Jni_NphCache_size);
+  SO(S3JniGlobal);
+  SO(S3JniGlobal.nph);
+  SO(S3JniGlobal.metrics);
+  SO(S3JniAutoExtension);
+  SO(S3JniUdf);
+#undef SO
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS
+  printf("Cache info:\n");
+  printf("\tJNIEnv cache: %u allocs, %u misses, %u hits\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nEnvAlloc, SJG.metrics.nEnvMiss,
+         SJG.metrics.nEnvHit);
+  printf("Mutex entry:"
+         "\n\tglobal       = %u"
+         "\n\tenv          = %u"
+         "\n\tnph          = %u for S3JniNphOp init"
+         "\n\thook         = %u"
+         "\n\tperDb        = %u"
+         "\n\tautoExt list = %u"
+         "\n\tS3JniUdf     = %u (free-list)"
+         "\n\tmetrics      = %u\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nMutexGlobal, SJG.metrics.nMutexEnv,
+         SJG.metrics.nMutexNph, SJG.metrics.nMutexHook,
+         SJG.metrics.nMutexPerDb, SJG.metrics.nMutexAutoExt,
+         SJG.metrics.nMutexUdf, SJG.metrics.nMetrics);
+  puts("Allocs:");
+  printf("\tS3JniDb:  %u alloced (*%u = %u bytes), %u recycled\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nPdbAlloc, (unsigned) sizeof(S3JniDb),
+         (unsigned)(SJG.metrics.nPdbAlloc * sizeof(S3JniDb)),
+         SJG.metrics.nPdbRecycled);
+  printf("\tS3JniUdf: %u alloced (*%u = %u bytes), %u recycled\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nUdfAlloc, (unsigned) sizeof(S3JniUdf),
+         (unsigned)(SJG.metrics.nUdfAlloc * sizeof(S3JniUdf)),
+         SJG.metrics.nUdfRecycled);
+  printf("\tS3JniHook: %u alloced (*%u = %u bytes), %u recycled\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nHookAlloc, (unsigned) sizeof(S3JniHook),
+         (unsigned)(SJG.metrics.nHookAlloc * sizeof(S3JniHook)),
+         SJG.metrics.nHookRecycled);
+  printf("\tS3JniEnv: %u alloced (*%u = %u bytes)\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nEnvAlloc, (unsigned) sizeof(S3JniEnv),
+         (unsigned)(SJG.metrics.nEnvAlloc * sizeof(S3JniEnv)));
+  puts("Java-side UDF calls:");
+#define UDF(T) printf("\t%-8s = %u\n", "x" #T, SJG.metrics.udf.n##T)
+  UDF(Func); UDF(Step); UDF(Final); UDF(Value); UDF(Inverse);
+#undef UDF
+  printf("xDestroy calls across all callback types: %u\n",
+         SJG.metrics.nDestroy);
+#else
+  puts("Built without SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_METRICS.");
+#endif
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// End of the sqlite3_... API bindings. Next up, FTS5...
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+
+/* Creates a verbose JNI Fts5 function name. */
+#define JniFuncNameFtsXA(Suffix)                  \
+  Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_ ## Suffix
+#define JniFuncNameFtsApi(Suffix)                  \
+  Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_1api_ ## Suffix
+#define JniFuncNameFtsTok(Suffix)                  \
+  Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_tokenizer_ ## Suffix
+
+#define JniDeclFtsXA(ReturnType,Suffix)           \
+  JNIEXPORT ReturnType JNICALL                  \
+  JniFuncNameFtsXA(Suffix)
+#define JniDeclFtsApi(ReturnType,Suffix)          \
+  JNIEXPORT ReturnType JNICALL                  \
+  JniFuncNameFtsApi(Suffix)
+#define JniDeclFtsTok(ReturnType,Suffix)          \
+  JNIEXPORT ReturnType JNICALL                  \
+  JniFuncNameFtsTok(Suffix)
+
+#define PtrGet_fts5_api(OBJ) NativePointerHolder_get(OBJ,S3JniNph(fts5_api))
+#define PtrGet_fts5_tokenizer(OBJ) NativePointerHolder_get(OBJ,S3JniNph(fts5_tokenizer))
+#define PtrGet_Fts5Context(OBJ) NativePointerHolder_get(OBJ,S3JniNph(Fts5Context))
+#define PtrGet_Fts5Tokenizer(OBJ) NativePointerHolder_get(OBJ,S3JniNph(Fts5Tokenizer))
+#define s3jni_ftsext() &sFts5Api/*singleton from sqlite3.c*/
+#define Fts5ExtDecl Fts5ExtensionApi const * const ext = s3jni_ftsext()
+
+/**
+   State for binding Java-side FTS5 auxiliary functions.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+  jobject jObj          /* functor instance */;
+  jobject jUserData     /* 2nd arg to JNI binding of
+                           xCreateFunction(), ostensibly the 3rd arg
+                           to the lib-level xCreateFunction(), except
+                           that we necessarily use that slot for a
+                           Fts5JniAux instance. */;
+  char * zFuncName      /* Only for error reporting and debug logging */;
+  jmethodID jmid        /* callback member's method ID */;
+} Fts5JniAux;
+
+static void Fts5JniAux_free(Fts5JniAux * const s){
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  if( env ){
+    /*MARKER(("FTS5 aux function cleanup: %s\n", s->zFuncName));*/
+    s3jni_call_xDestroy(s->jObj);
+    S3JniUnrefGlobal(s->jObj);
+    S3JniUnrefGlobal(s->jUserData);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(s->zFuncName);
+  sqlite3_free(s);
+}
+
+static void Fts5JniAux_xDestroy(void *p){
+  if( p ) Fts5JniAux_free(p);
+}
+
+static Fts5JniAux * Fts5JniAux_alloc(JNIEnv * const env, jobject jObj){
+  Fts5JniAux * s = s3jni_malloc( sizeof(Fts5JniAux));
+
+  if( s ){
+    jclass klazz;
+    memset(s, 0, sizeof(Fts5JniAux));
+    s->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jObj);
+    klazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jObj);
+    s->jmid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                                  "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi;"
+                                  "Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;"
+                                  "Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;"
+                                  "[Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value;)V");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+    S3JniIfThrew{
+      S3JniExceptionReport;
+      S3JniExceptionClear;
+      Fts5JniAux_free(s);
+      s = 0;
+    }
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+static inline jobject new_java_Fts5Context(JNIEnv * const env, Fts5Context *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(Fts5Context), sv);
+}
+static inline jobject new_java_fts5_api(JNIEnv * const env, fts5_api *sv){
+  return NativePointerHolder_new(env, S3JniNph(fts5_api), sv);
+}
+
+/*
+** Returns a per-JNIEnv global ref to the Fts5ExtensionApi singleton
+** instance, or NULL on OOM.
+*/
+static jobject s3jni_getFts5ExensionApi(JNIEnv * const env){
+  if( !SJG.fts5.jExt ){
+    S3JniGlobal_mutex_enter;
+    if( !SJG.fts5.jExt ){
+      jobject const pNPH = NativePointerHolder_new(
+        env, S3JniNph(Fts5ExtensionApi), s3jni_ftsext()
+      );
+      if( pNPH ){
+        SJG.fts5.jExt = S3JniRefGlobal(pNPH);
+        S3JniUnrefLocal(pNPH);
+      }
+    }
+    S3JniGlobal_mutex_leave;
+  }
+  return SJG.fts5.jExt;
+}
+
+/*
+** Returns a pointer to the fts5_api instance for database connection
+** db.  If an error occurs, returns NULL and leaves an error in the
+** database handle (accessible using sqlite3_errcode()/errmsg()).
+*/
+static fts5_api *s3jni_fts5_api_from_db(sqlite3 *db){
+  fts5_api *pRet = 0;
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+  if( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3_prepare(db, "SELECT fts5(?1)", -1, &pStmt, 0) ){
+    sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, 1, (void*)&pRet, "fts5_api_ptr", NULL);
+    sqlite3_step(pStmt);
+  }
+  sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+  return pRet;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsApi(jobject,getInstanceForDb)(JniArgsEnvClass,jobject jDb){
+  S3JniDb * const ps = S3JniDb_from_java(jDb);
+#if 0
+  jobject rv = 0;
+  if( !ps ) return 0;
+  else if( ps->fts.jApi ){
+    rv = ps->fts.jApi;
+  }else{
+    fts5_api * const pApi = s3jni_fts5_api_from_db(ps->pDb);
+    if( pApi ){
+      rv = new_java_fts5_api(env, pApi);
+      ps->fts.jApi = rv ? S3JniRefGlobal(rv) : 0;
+    }
+  }
+  return rv;
+#else
+  if( ps && !ps->fts.jApi ){
+    S3JniDb_mutex_enter;
+    if( !ps->fts.jApi ){
+      fts5_api * const pApi = s3jni_fts5_api_from_db(ps->pDb);
+      if( pApi ){
+        jobject const rv = new_java_fts5_api(env, pApi);
+        ps->fts.jApi = rv ? S3JniRefGlobal(rv) : 0;
+      }
+    }
+    S3JniDb_mutex_leave;
+  }
+  return ps ? ps->fts.jApi : 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jobject,getInstance)(JniArgsEnvClass){
+  return s3jni_getFts5ExensionApi(env);
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xColumnCount)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  return (jint)ext->xColumnCount(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx));
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xColumnSize)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iIdx, jobject jOut32){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  int n1 = 0;
+  int const rc = ext->xColumnSize(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iIdx, &n1);
+  if( 0==rc ) OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOut32, n1);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xColumnText)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iCol,
+                           jobject jOut){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  const char *pz = 0;
+  int pn = 0;
+  int rc = ext->xColumnText(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iCol,
+                             &pz, &pn);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    jstring jstr = pz ? s3jni_utf8_to_jstring( pz, pn) : 0;
+    if( pz ){
+      if( jstr ){
+        OutputPointer_set_String(env, jOut, jstr);
+        S3JniUnrefLocal(jstr)/*jOut has a reference*/;
+      }else{
+        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xColumnTotalSize)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iCol, jobject jOut64){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  sqlite3_int64 nOut = 0;
+  int const rc = ext->xColumnTotalSize(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iCol, &nOut);
+  if( 0==rc && jOut64 ) OutputPointer_set_Int64(env, jOut64, (jlong)nOut);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Proxy for fts5_extension_function instances plugged in via
+** fts5_api::xCreateFunction().
+*/
+static void s3jni_fts5_extension_function(Fts5ExtensionApi const *pApi,
+                                          Fts5Context *pFts,
+                                          sqlite3_context *pCx,
+                                          int argc,
+                                          sqlite3_value **argv){
+  Fts5JniAux * const pAux = pApi->xUserData(pFts);
+  jobject jpCx = 0;
+  jobjectArray jArgv = 0;
+  jobject jpFts = 0;
+  jobject jFXA;
+  int rc;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+
+  assert(pAux);
+  jFXA = s3jni_getFts5ExensionApi(env);
+  if( !jFXA ) goto error_oom;
+  jpFts = new_java_Fts5Context(env, pFts);
+  if( !jpFts ) goto error_oom;
+  rc = udf_args(env, pCx, argc, argv, &jpCx, &jArgv);
+  if( rc ) goto error_oom;
+  (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, pAux->jObj, pAux->jmid,
+                         jFXA, jpFts, jpCx, jArgv);
+  S3JniIfThrew{
+    udf_report_exception(env, 1, pCx, pAux->zFuncName, "call");
+  }
+  udf_unargs(env, jpCx, argc, jArgv);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jpFts);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jpCx);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jArgv);
+  return;
+error_oom:
+  s3jni_db_oom( sqlite3_context_db_handle(pCx) );
+  assert( !jArgv );
+  assert( !jpCx );
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(jpFts);
+  sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCx);
+  return;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsApi(jint,xCreateFunction)(JniArgsEnvObj, jstring jName,
+                                  jobject jUserData, jobject jFunc){
+  fts5_api * const pApi = PtrGet_fts5_api(jSelf);
+  int rc;
+  char * zName;
+  Fts5JniAux * pAux;
+
+  assert(pApi);
+  zName = s3jni_jstring_to_utf8( jName, 0);
+  if(!zName) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  pAux = Fts5JniAux_alloc(env, jFunc);
+  if( pAux ){
+    rc = pApi->xCreateFunction(pApi, zName, pAux,
+                               s3jni_fts5_extension_function,
+                               Fts5JniAux_xDestroy);
+  }else{
+    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    pAux->jUserData = jUserData ? S3JniRefGlobal(jUserData) : 0;
+    pAux->zFuncName = zName;
+  }else{
+    sqlite3_free(zName);
+  }
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+
+typedef struct S3JniFts5AuxData S3JniFts5AuxData;
+/*
+** TODO: this middle-man struct is no longer necessary. Conider
+** removing it and passing around jObj itself instead.
+*/
+struct S3JniFts5AuxData {
+  jobject jObj;
+};
+
+static void S3JniFts5AuxData_xDestroy(void *x){
+  if( x ){
+    S3JniFts5AuxData * const p = x;
+    if( p->jObj ){
+      S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+      s3jni_call_xDestroy(p->jObj);
+      S3JniUnrefGlobal(p->jObj);
+    }
+    sqlite3_free(x);
+  }
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jobject,xGetAuxdata)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jboolean bClear){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  jobject rv = 0;
+  S3JniFts5AuxData * const pAux = ext->xGetAuxdata(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), bClear);
+  if( pAux ){
+    if( bClear ){
+      if( pAux->jObj ){
+        rv = S3JniRefLocal(pAux->jObj);
+        S3JniUnrefGlobal(pAux->jObj);
+      }
+      /* Note that we do not call xDestroy() in this case. */
+      sqlite3_free(pAux);
+    }else{
+      rv = pAux->jObj;
+    }
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xInst)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iIdx, jobject jOutPhrase,
+                    jobject jOutCol, jobject jOutOff){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  int n1 = 0, n2 = 2, n3 = 0;
+  int const rc = ext->xInst(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iIdx, &n1, &n2, &n3);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutPhrase, n1);
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCol, n2);
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutOff, n3);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xInstCount)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jobject jOut32){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  int nOut = 0;
+  int const rc = ext->xInstCount(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), &nOut);
+  if( 0==rc && jOut32 ) OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOut32, nOut);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xPhraseCount)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  return (jint)ext->xPhraseCount(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx));
+}
+
+/* Copy the 'a' and 'b' fields from pSrc to Fts5PhraseIter object jIter. */
+static void s3jni_phraseIter_NToJ(JNIEnv *const env,
+                                  Fts5PhraseIter const * const pSrc,
+                                  jobject jIter){
+  S3JniGlobalType * const g = &S3JniGlobal;
+  assert(g->fts5.jPhraseIter.fidA);
+  (*env)->SetLongField(env, jIter, g->fts5.jPhraseIter.fidA,
+                       S3JniCast_P2L(pSrc->a));
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot set Fts5PhraseIter.a field.");
+  (*env)->SetLongField(env, jIter, g->fts5.jPhraseIter.fidB,
+                       S3JniCast_P2L(pSrc->b));
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot set Fts5PhraseIter.b field.");
+}
+
+/* Copy the 'a' and 'b' fields from Fts5PhraseIter object jIter to pDest. */
+static void s3jni_phraseIter_JToN(JNIEnv *const env,  jobject jIter,
+                                  Fts5PhraseIter * const pDest){
+  S3JniGlobalType * const g = &S3JniGlobal;
+  assert(g->fts5.jPhraseIter.fidA);
+  pDest->a = S3JniCast_L2P(
+    (*env)->GetLongField(env, jIter, g->fts5.jPhraseIter.fidA)
+  );
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot get Fts5PhraseIter.a field.");
+  pDest->b = S3JniCast_L2P(
+    (*env)->GetLongField(env, jIter, g->fts5.jPhraseIter.fidB)
+  );
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot get Fts5PhraseIter.b field.");
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xPhraseFirst)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iPhrase,
+                            jobject jIter, jobject jOutCol,
+                            jobject jOutOff){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  Fts5PhraseIter iter;
+  int rc, iCol = 0, iOff = 0;
+  rc = ext->xPhraseFirst(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iPhrase,
+                         &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCol, iCol);
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutOff, iOff);
+    s3jni_phraseIter_NToJ(env, &iter, jIter);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xPhraseFirstColumn)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iPhrase,
+                                  jobject jIter, jobject jOutCol){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  Fts5PhraseIter iter;
+  int rc, iCol = 0;
+  rc = ext->xPhraseFirstColumn(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iPhrase,
+                                &iter, &iCol);
+  if( 0==rc ){
+    OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCol, iCol);
+    s3jni_phraseIter_NToJ(env, &iter, jIter);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(void,xPhraseNext)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jobject jIter,
+                           jobject jOutCol, jobject jOutOff){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  Fts5PhraseIter iter;
+  int iCol = 0, iOff = 0;
+  s3jni_phraseIter_JToN(env, jIter, &iter);
+  ext->xPhraseNext(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
+  OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCol, iCol);
+  OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutOff, iOff);
+  s3jni_phraseIter_NToJ(env, &iter, jIter);
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(void,xPhraseNextColumn)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jobject jIter,
+                                 jobject jOutCol){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  Fts5PhraseIter iter;
+  int iCol = 0;
+  s3jni_phraseIter_JToN(env, jIter, &iter);
+  ext->xPhraseNextColumn(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), &iter, &iCol);
+  OutputPointer_set_Int32(env, jOutCol, iCol);
+  s3jni_phraseIter_NToJ(env, &iter, jIter);
+}
+
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xPhraseSize)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jint iPhrase){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  return (jint)ext->xPhraseSize(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), (int)iPhrase);
+}
+
+/* State for use with xQueryPhrase() and xTokenize(). */
+struct s3jni_xQueryPhraseState {
+  Fts5ExtensionApi const * ext;
+  jmethodID midCallback; /* jCallback->call() method */
+  jobject jCallback;   /* Fts5ExtensionApi.XQueryPhraseCallback instance */
+  jobject jFcx;        /* (Fts5Context*) for xQueryPhrase()
+                          callback. This is NOT the instance that is
+                          passed to xQueryPhrase(), it's the one
+                          created by xQueryPhrase() for use by its
+                          callback. */
+  /* State for xTokenize() */
+  struct {
+    const char * zPrev;
+    int nPrev;
+    jbyteArray jba;
+  } tok;
+};
+
+static int s3jni_xQueryPhrase(const Fts5ExtensionApi *xapi,
+                              Fts5Context * pFcx, void *pData){
+  struct s3jni_xQueryPhraseState * const s = pData;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+
+  if( !s->jFcx ){
+    s->jFcx = new_java_Fts5Context(env, pFcx);
+    if( !s->jFcx ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+  int rc = (int)(*env)->CallIntMethod(env, s->jCallback, s->midCallback,
+                                      SJG.fts5.jExt, s->jFcx);
+  S3JniIfThrew{
+    S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("xQueryPhrase() callback");
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xQueryPhrase)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jFcx, jint iPhrase,
+                            jobject jCallback){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  int rc;
+  struct s3jni_xQueryPhraseState s;
+  jclass klazz = jCallback ? (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jCallback) : NULL;
+
+  if( !klazz ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  s.jCallback = jCallback;
+  s.jFcx = 0;
+  s.ext = ext;
+  s.midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call",
+                                      "(Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi;"
+                                      "Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;)I");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Could not extract xQueryPhraseCallback.call() method.");
+  rc = ext->xQueryPhrase(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jFcx), iPhrase, &s,
+                         s3jni_xQueryPhrase);
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(s.jFcx);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xRowCount)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jobject jOut64){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  sqlite3_int64 nOut = 0;
+  int const rc = ext->xRowCount(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), &nOut);
+  if( 0==rc && jOut64 ) OutputPointer_set_Int64(env, jOut64, (jlong)nOut);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jlong,xRowid)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  return (jlong)ext->xRowid(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx));
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(int,xSetAuxdata)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jCtx, jobject jAux){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  int rc;
+  S3JniFts5AuxData * pAux;
+
+  pAux = s3jni_malloc( sizeof(*pAux));
+  if( !pAux ){
+    if( jAux ){
+      /* Emulate how xSetAuxdata() behaves when it cannot alloc
+      ** its auxdata wrapper. */
+      s3jni_call_xDestroy(jAux);
+    }
+    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  }
+  pAux->jObj = S3JniRefGlobal(jAux);
+  rc = ext->xSetAuxdata(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jCtx), pAux,
+                         S3JniFts5AuxData_xDestroy);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* xToken() impl for xTokenize(). */
+static int s3jni_xTokenize_xToken(void *p, int tFlags, const char* z,
+                                  int nZ, int iStart, int iEnd){
+  int rc;
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+  struct s3jni_xQueryPhraseState * const s = p;
+  jbyteArray jba;
+
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(s->tok.jba);
+  s->tok.zPrev = z;
+  s->tok.nPrev = nZ;
+  s->tok.jba = s3jni_new_jbyteArray(z, nZ);
+  if( !s->tok.jba ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  jba = s->tok.jba;
+  rc = (int)(*env)->CallIntMethod(env, s->jCallback, s->midCallback,
+                                  (jint)tFlags, jba, (jint)iStart,
+                                  (jint)iEnd);
+  S3JniIfThrew {
+    S3JniExceptionWarnCallbackThrew("xTokenize() callback");
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Proxy for Fts5ExtensionApi.xTokenize() and
+** fts5_tokenizer.xTokenize()
+*/
+static jint s3jni_fts5_xTokenize(JniArgsEnvObj, S3JniNphOp const *pRef,
+                                 jint tokFlags, jobject jFcx,
+                                 jbyteArray jbaText, jobject jCallback){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  struct s3jni_xQueryPhraseState s;
+  int rc = 0;
+  jbyte * const pText = jCallback ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(jbaText) : 0;
+  jsize nText = pText ? (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, jbaText) : 0;
+  jclass const klazz = jCallback ? (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jCallback) : NULL;
+
+  if( !klazz ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
+  s.jCallback = jCallback;
+  s.jFcx = jFcx;
+  s.ext = ext;
+  s.midCallback = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, klazz, "call", "(I[BII)I");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  S3JniIfThrew {
+    S3JniExceptionReport;
+    S3JniExceptionClear;
+    s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jbaText, pText);
+    return SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  s.tok.jba = S3JniRefLocal(jbaText);
+  s.tok.zPrev = (const char *)pText;
+  s.tok.nPrev = (int)nText;
+  if( pRef == S3JniNph(Fts5ExtensionApi) ){
+    rc = ext->xTokenize(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jFcx),
+                         (const char *)pText, (int)nText,
+                         &s, s3jni_xTokenize_xToken);
+  }else if( pRef == S3JniNph(fts5_tokenizer) ){
+    fts5_tokenizer * const pTok = PtrGet_fts5_tokenizer(jSelf);
+    rc = pTok->xTokenize(PtrGet_Fts5Tokenizer(jFcx), &s, tokFlags,
+                         (const char *)pText, (int)nText,
+                         s3jni_xTokenize_xToken);
+  }else{
+    (*env)->FatalError(env, "This cannot happen. Maintenance required.");
+  }
+  if( s.tok.jba ){
+    assert( s.tok.zPrev );
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(s.tok.jba);
+  }
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(jbaText, pText);
+  return (jint)rc;
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jint,xTokenize)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jFcx, jbyteArray jbaText,
+                             jobject jCallback){
+  return s3jni_fts5_xTokenize(env, jSelf, S3JniNph(Fts5ExtensionApi),
+                              0, jFcx, jbaText, jCallback);
+}
+
+JniDeclFtsTok(jint,xTokenize)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jFcx, jint tokFlags,
+                              jbyteArray jbaText, jobject jCallback){
+  return s3jni_fts5_xTokenize(env, jSelf, S3JniNph(Fts5Tokenizer),
+                              tokFlags, jFcx, jbaText, jCallback);
+}
+
+
+JniDeclFtsXA(jobject,xUserData)(JniArgsEnvObj,jobject jFcx){
+  Fts5ExtDecl;
+  Fts5JniAux * const pAux = ext->xUserData(PtrGet_Fts5Context(jFcx));
+  return pAux ? pAux->jUserData : 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 */
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// End of the main API bindings. Start of SQLTester bits...
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_SQLTester
+typedef struct SQLTesterJni SQLTesterJni;
+struct SQLTesterJni {
+  sqlite3_int64 nDup;
+};
+static SQLTesterJni SQLTester = {
+  0
+};
+
+static void SQLTester_dup_destructor(void*pToFree){
+  u64 *p = (u64*)pToFree;
+  assert( p!=0 );
+  p--;
+  assert( p[0]==0x2bbf4b7c );
+  p[0] = 0;
+  p[1] = 0;
+  sqlite3_free(p);
+}
+
+/*
+** Implementation of
+**
+**         dup(TEXT)
+**
+** This SQL function simply makes a copy of its text argument.  But it
+** returns the result using a custom destructor, in order to provide
+** tests for the use of Mem.xDel() in the SQLite VDBE.
+*/
+static void SQLTester_dup_func(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  u64 *pOut;
+  char *z;
+  int n = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+  SQLTesterJni * const p = (SQLTesterJni *)sqlite3_user_data(context);
+  S3JniDeclLocal_env;
+
+  ++p->nDup;
+  if( n>0 && (pOut = s3jni_malloc( (n+16)&~7 ))!=0 ){
+    pOut[0] = 0x2bbf4b7c;
+    z = (char*)&pOut[1];
+    memcpy(z, sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]), n);
+    z[n] = 0;
+    sqlite3_result_text(context, z, n, SQLTester_dup_destructor);
+  }
+  return;
+}
+
+/*
+** Return the number of calls to the dup() SQL function since the
+** SQLTester context was opened or since the last dup_count() call.
+*/
+static void SQLTester_dup_count_func(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  SQLTesterJni * const p = (SQLTesterJni *)sqlite3_user_data(context);
+  sqlite3_result_int64(context, p->nDup);
+  p->nDup = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Return non-zero if string z matches glob pattern zGlob and zero if the
+** pattern does not match.
+**
+** To repeat:
+**
+**         zero == no match
+**     non-zero == match
+**
+** Globbing rules:
+**
+**      '*'       Matches any sequence of zero or more characters.
+**
+**      '?'       Matches exactly one character.
+**
+**     [...]      Matches one character from the enclosed list of
+**                characters.
+**
+**     [^...]     Matches one character not in the enclosed list.
+**
+**      '#'       Matches any sequence of one or more digits with an
+**                optional + or - sign in front, or a hexadecimal
+**                literal of the form 0x...
+*/
+static int SQLTester_strnotglob(const char *zGlob, const char *z){
+  int c, c2;
+  int invert;
+  int seen;
+
+  while( (c = (*(zGlob++)))!=0 ){
+    if( c=='*' ){
+      while( (c=(*(zGlob++))) == '*' || c=='?' ){
+        if( c=='?' && (*(z++))==0 ) return 0;
+      }
+      if( c==0 ){
+        return 1;
+      }else if( c=='[' ){
+        while( *z && SQLTester_strnotglob(zGlob-1,z)==0 ){
+          z++;
+        }
+        return (*z)!=0;
+      }
+      while( (c2 = (*(z++)))!=0 ){
+        while( c2!=c ){
+          c2 = *(z++);
+          if( c2==0 ) return 0;
+        }
+        if( SQLTester_strnotglob(zGlob,z) ) return 1;
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }else if( c=='?' ){
+      if( (*(z++))==0 ) return 0;
+    }else if( c=='[' ){
+      int prior_c = 0;
+      seen = 0;
+      invert = 0;
+      c = *(z++);
+      if( c==0 ) return 0;
+      c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      if( c2=='^' ){
+        invert = 1;
+        c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      }
+      if( c2==']' ){
+        if( c==']' ) seen = 1;
+        c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      }
+      while( c2 && c2!=']' ){
+        if( c2=='-' && zGlob[0]!=']' && zGlob[0]!=0 && prior_c>0 ){
+          c2 = *(zGlob++);
+          if( c>=prior_c && c<=c2 ) seen = 1;
+          prior_c = 0;
+        }else{
+          if( c==c2 ){
+            seen = 1;
+          }
+          prior_c = c2;
+        }
+        c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      }
+      if( c2==0 || (seen ^ invert)==0 ) return 0;
+    }else if( c=='#' ){
+      if( z[0]=='0'
+       && (z[1]=='x' || z[1]=='X')
+       && sqlite3Isxdigit(z[2])
+      ){
+        z += 3;
+        while( sqlite3Isxdigit(z[0]) ){ z++; }
+      }else{
+        if( (z[0]=='-' || z[0]=='+') && sqlite3Isdigit(z[1]) ) z++;
+        if( !sqlite3Isdigit(z[0]) ) return 0;
+        z++;
+        while( sqlite3Isdigit(z[0]) ){ z++; }
+      }
+    }else{
+      if( c!=(*(z++)) ) return 0;
+    }
+  }
+  return *z==0;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester_strglob(
+  JniArgsEnvClass, jbyteArray baG, jbyteArray baT
+){
+  int rc = 0;
+  jbyte * const pG = s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(baG);
+  jbyte * const pT = pG ? s3jni_jbyteArray_bytes(baT) : 0;
+
+  s3jni_oom_fatal(pT);
+  /* Note that we're relying on the byte arrays having been
+     NUL-terminated on the Java side. */
+  rc = !SQLTester_strnotglob((const char *)pG, (const char *)pT);
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baG, pG);
+  s3jni_jbyteArray_release(baT, pT);
+  return rc;
+}
+
+
+static int SQLTester_auto_extension(sqlite3 *pDb, const char **pzErr,
+                                    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *ignored){
+  sqlite3_create_function(pDb, "dup", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, &SQLTester,
+                          SQLTester_dup_func, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3_create_function(pDb, "dup_count", 0, SQLITE_UTF8, &SQLTester,
+                          SQLTester_dup_count_func, 0, 0);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester_installCustomExtensions(JniArgsEnvClass){
+  sqlite3_auto_extension( (void(*)(void))SQLTester_auto_extension );
+}
+
+#endif /* SQLITE_JNI_ENABLE_SQLTester */
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// End of SQLTester bindings. Start of lower-level bits.
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+/*
+** Called during static init of the CApi class to set up global
+** state.
+*/
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
+Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_init(JniArgsEnvClass){
+  jclass klazz;
+
+  memset(&S3JniGlobal, 0, sizeof(S3JniGlobal));
+  if( (*env)->GetJavaVM(env, &SJG.jvm) ){
+    (*env)->FatalError(env, "GetJavaVM() failure shouldn't be possible.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  /* Grab references to various global classes and objects... */
+  SJG.g.cLong = S3JniRefGlobal((*env)->FindClass(env,"java/lang/Long"));
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to Long class.");
+  SJG.g.ctorLong1 = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, SJG.g.cLong,
+                                         "<init>", "(J)V");
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to Long constructor.");
+
+  SJG.g.cString = S3JniRefGlobal((*env)->FindClass(env,"java/lang/String"));
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to String class.");
+  SJG.g.ctorStringBA =
+    (*env)->GetMethodID(env, SJG.g.cString,
+                        "<init>", "([BLjava/nio/charset/Charset;)V");
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to String(byte[],Charset) ctor.");
+  SJG.g.stringGetBytes =
+    (*env)->GetMethodID(env, SJG.g.cString,
+                        "getBytes", "(Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;)[B");
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to String.getBytes(Charset).");
+
+  { /* java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8 */
+    jfieldID fUtf8;
+    klazz = (*env)->FindClass(env,"java/nio/charset/StandardCharsets");
+    S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to StandardCharsets class.");
+    fUtf8 = (*env)->GetStaticFieldID(env, klazz, "UTF_8",
+                                     "Ljava/nio/charset/Charset;");
+    S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting StandardCharsets.UTF_8 field.");
+    SJG.g.oCharsetUtf8 =
+      S3JniRefGlobal((*env)->GetStaticObjectField(env, klazz, fUtf8));
+    S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to StandardCharsets.UTF_8.");
+    S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+  }
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+  klazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, "org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter");
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Error getting reference to org.sqlite.jni.fts5.Fts5PhraseIter.");
+  SJG.fts5.jPhraseIter.fidA = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, klazz, "a", "J");
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot get Fts5PhraseIter.a field.");
+  SJG.fts5.jPhraseIter.fidB = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, klazz, "b", "J");
+  S3JniExceptionIsFatal("Cannot get Fts5PhraseIter.b field.");
+  S3JniUnrefLocal(klazz);
+#endif
+
+  SJG.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.mutex );
+  SJG.hook.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.hook.mutex );
+  SJG.nph.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.nph.mutex );
+  SJG.envCache.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.envCache.mutex );
+  SJG.perDb.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.perDb.mutex );
+  SJG.autoExt.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.autoExt.mutex );
+
+#if S3JNI_METRICS_MUTEX
+  SJG.metrics.mutex = sqlite3_mutex_alloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST);
+  s3jni_oom_fatal( SJG.metrics.mutex );
+#endif
+
+  sqlite3_shutdown()
+    /* So that it becomes legal for Java-level code to call
+    ** sqlite3_config(). */;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.h b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bf6df7ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2379 @@
+/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
+#include <jni.h>
+/* Header for class org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi */
+
+#ifndef _Included_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+#define _Included_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ACCESS_READ 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DENY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DENY 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IGNORE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IGNORE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DELETE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DELETE 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_INDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_INDEX 10L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TABLE 11L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX 12L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE 13L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER 14L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW 15L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_VIEW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_VIEW 17L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INSERT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INSERT 18L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PRAGMA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PRAGMA 19L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READ 20L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SELECT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SELECT 21L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRANSACTION
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRANSACTION 22L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UPDATE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UPDATE 23L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ATTACH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ATTACH 24L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DETACH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DETACH 25L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE 26L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_REINDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_REINDEX 27L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ANALYZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ANALYZE 28L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE 29L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE 30L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FUNCTION
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FUNCTION 31L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SAVEPOINT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SAVEPOINT 32L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_RECURSIVE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_RECURSIVE 33L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATIC 0LL
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRANSIENT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRANSIENT -1LL
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_IGNORENOOP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_IGNORENOOP 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX 10L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX 11L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE 13L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE 14L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE 15L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_URI 17L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 18L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 19L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG 21L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE 22L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE 23L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ 24L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ 25L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL 26L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC 27L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE 28L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE 29L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INTEGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INTEGER 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FLOAT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FLOAT 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TEXT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TEXT 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BLOB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BLOB 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NULL 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME 1000L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE 1001L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY 1002L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER 1003L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE 1006L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG 1007L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP 1008L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE 1009L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE 1010L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA 1011L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE 1012L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML 1013L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL 1014L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW 1015L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT 1016L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA 1017L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS 1018L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER 1019L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX 1019L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS 10L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED 11L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL 12L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX 12L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF8
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF8 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16LE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16LE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16BE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16BE 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL 10L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE 11L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME 12L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 13L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA 14L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER 15L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE 18L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE 19L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED 20L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC 21L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO 22L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE 23L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK 24L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS 25L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU 26L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER 27L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER 28L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE 29L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB 30L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE 31L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE 32L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE 33L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT 34L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION 35L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT 36L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE 37L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES 38L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START 39L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER 40L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE 41L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE 42L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_NONE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_NONE 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K 32L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K 64L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K 128L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K 256L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND 512L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL 1024L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN 2048L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE 4096L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE 8192L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC 16384L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH 10L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS 11L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_URI
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_URI 64L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY 128L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX 32768L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX 65536L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE 131072L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE 262144L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW 16777216L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE 33554432L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OK 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INTERNAL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INTERNAL 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PERM
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PERM 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ABORT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ABORT 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCKED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCKED 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOMEM
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOMEM 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INTERRUPT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INTERRUPT 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR 10L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT 11L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTFOUND
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTFOUND 12L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FULL 13L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN 14L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PROTOCOL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_PROTOCOL 15L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_EMPTY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_EMPTY 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SCHEMA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SCHEMA 17L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TOOBIG
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TOOBIG 18L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT 19L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_MISMATCH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_MISMATCH 20L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_MISUSE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_MISUSE 21L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOLFS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOLFS 22L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_AUTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_AUTH 23L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FORMAT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FORMAT 24L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_RANGE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_RANGE 25L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTADB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTADB 26L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTICE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTICE 27L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_WARNING
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_WARNING 28L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ROW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ROW 100L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DONE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DONE 101L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ 257L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY 513L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT 769L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_READ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_READ 266L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ 522L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE 778L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC 1034L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC 1290L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE 1546L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT 1802L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK 2058L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK 2314L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE 2570L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED 2826L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM 3082L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS 3338L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK 3594L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK 3850L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE 4106L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE 4362L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN 4618L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE 4874L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK 5130L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP 5386L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK 5642L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT 5898L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP 6154L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH 6410L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH 6666L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE 6922L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH 7178L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC 7434L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC 7690L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC 7946L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DATA
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_DATA 8202L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS 8458L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE 262L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB 518L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY 261L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT 517L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT 773L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR 270L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR 526L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH 782L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH 1038L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK 1550L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB 267L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE 523L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX 779L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY 264L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK 520L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK 776L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED 1032L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT 1288L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY 1544L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK 516L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK 275L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK 531L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY 787L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 1043L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL 1299L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY 1555L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER 1811L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE 2067L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB 2323L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID 2579L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED 2835L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE 3091L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL 283L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK 539L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX 284L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_AUTH_USER
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_AUTH_USER 279L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY 256L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT 9L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE 5L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN 6L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS 7L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED 99L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SYNC_FULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SYNC_FULL 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_STMT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_STMT 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_ROW
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_ROW 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TXN_NONE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TXN_NONE 0L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TXN_READ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TXN_READ 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC 2048L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DIRECTONLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_DIRECTONLY 524288L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INNOCUOUS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INNOCUOUS 2097152L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE 8L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT 16L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE 32L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE 65L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB 66L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE 68L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT 69L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL 71L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS 72L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT 73L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET 74L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS 2L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS 4L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ROLLBACK
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FAIL
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_FAIL 3L
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_REPLACE
+#define org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_SQLITE_REPLACE 5L
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    init
+ * Signature: ()V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_init
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_java_uncache_thread
+ * Signature: ()Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1java_1uncache_1thread
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_aggregate_context
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;Z)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1aggregate_1context
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_auto_extension
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/AutoExtensionCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1auto_1extension
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_backup_finish
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1backup_1finish
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_backup_init
+ * Signature: (JLjava/lang/String;JLjava/lang/String;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_backup;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1backup_1init
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jstring, jlong, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_backup_pagecount
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1backup_1pagecount
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_backup_remaining
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1backup_1remaining
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_backup_step
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1backup_1step
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_blob
+ * Signature: (JI[BI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1blob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_double
+ * Signature: (JID)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1double
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jdouble);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_int
+ * Signature: (JII)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1int
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_int64
+ * Signature: (JIJ)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1int64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_java_object
+ * Signature: (JILjava/lang/Object;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1java_1object
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_null
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1null
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_parameter_count
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1parameter_1count
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_parameter_index
+ * Signature: (J[B)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1parameter_1index
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jbyteArray);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_parameter_name
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1parameter_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_text
+ * Signature: (JI[BI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1text
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_text16
+ * Signature: (JI[BI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1text16
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_value
+ * Signature: (JIJ)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1value
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_zeroblob
+ * Signature: (JII)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1zeroblob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64
+ * Signature: (JIJ)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1bind_1zeroblob64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_blob_bytes
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1blob_1bytes
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_blob_close
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1blob_1close
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_blob_open
+ * Signature: (JLjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;JILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3_blob;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1blob_1open
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jstring, jstring, jstring, jlong, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_blob_read
+ * Signature: (J[BI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1blob_1read
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_blob_reopen
+ * Signature: (JJ)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1blob_1reopen
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_blob_write
+ * Signature: (J[BI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1blob_1write
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_busy_handler
+ * Signature: (JLorg/sqlite/jni/capi/BusyHandlerCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1busy_1handler
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_busy_timeout
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1busy_1timeout
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/AutoExtensionCallback;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1cancel_1auto_1extension
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_changes
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1changes
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_changes64
+ * Signature: (J)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1changes64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_clear_bindings
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1clear_1bindings
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_close
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1close
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_close_v2
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1close_1v2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_blob
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)[B
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1blob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_bytes
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1bytes
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_bytes16
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1bytes16
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_count
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1count
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_decltype
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1decltype
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_double
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)D
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jdouble JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1double
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_int
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1int
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_int64
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1int64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_name
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_database_name
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1database_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_origin_name
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1origin_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_table_name
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1table_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_text
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)[B
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1text
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_text16
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1text16
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_type
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1type
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_column_value
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;I)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1column_1value
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_collation_needed
+ * Signature: (JLorg/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationNeededCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1collation_1needed
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_commit_hook
+ * Signature: (JLorg/sqlite/jni/capi/CommitHookCallback;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/CommitHookCallback;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1commit_1hook
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_compileoption_get
+ * Signature: (I)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1compileoption_1get
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_compileoption_used
+ * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1compileoption_1used
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_complete
+ * Signature: ([B)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1complete
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jbyteArray);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_config
+ * Signature: (I)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1config__I
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_config
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigSqllogCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_ConfigSqllogCallback_2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_config
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigLogCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_ConfigLogCallback_2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_context_db_handle
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1context_1db_1handle
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_create_collation
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Ljava/lang/String;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1create_1collation
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jstring, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_create_function
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Ljava/lang/String;IILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLFunction;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1create_1function
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jstring, jint, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_data_count
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1data_1count
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_config
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;IILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_sqlite3_2IILorg_sqlite_jni_capi_OutputPointer_Int32_2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_config
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;ILjava/lang/String;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1config__Lorg_sqlite_jni_capi_sqlite3_2ILjava_lang_String_2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_name
+ * Signature: (JI)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_filename
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1filename
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_handle
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1handle
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_readonly
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Ljava/lang/String;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1readonly
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_release_memory
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1release_1memory
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_db_status
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Z)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1db_1status
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jobject, jobject, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_errcode
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1errcode
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_errmsg
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1errmsg
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_error_offset
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1error_1offset
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_errstr
+ * Signature: (I)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1errstr
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_expanded_sql
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1expanded_1sql
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_extended_errcode
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1extended_1errcode
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_extended_result_codes
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Z)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1extended_1result_1codes
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_get_autocommit
+ * Signature: (J)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1get_1autocommit
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_get_auxdata
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;I)Ljava/lang/Object;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1get_1auxdata
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_finalize
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1finalize
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_initialize
+ * Signature: ()I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1initialize
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_interrupt
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1interrupt
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_is_interrupted
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1is_1interrupted
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_keyword_check
+ * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1keyword_1check
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_keyword_count
+ * Signature: ()I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1keyword_1count
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_keyword_name
+ * Signature: (I)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1keyword_1name
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_last_insert_rowid
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1last_1insert_1rowid
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_libversion
+ * Signature: ()Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1libversion
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_libversion_number
+ * Signature: ()I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1libversion_1number
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_limit
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;II)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1limit
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_normalized_sql
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1normalized_1sql
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_open
+ * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1open
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jstring, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_open_v2
+ * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3;ILjava/lang/String;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1open_1v2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jstring, jobject, jint, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_prepare
+ * Signature: (J[BILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3_stmt;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1prepare
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jbyteArray, jint, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_prepare_v2
+ * Signature: (J[BILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3_stmt;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1prepare_1v2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jbyteArray, jint, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_prepare_v3
+ * Signature: (J[BIILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3_stmt;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1prepare_1v3
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jbyteArray, jint, jint, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1preupdate_1blobwrite
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_preupdate_count
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1preupdate_1count
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_preupdate_depth
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1preupdate_1depth
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_preupdate_hook
+ * Signature: (JLorg/sqlite/jni/capi/PreupdateHookCallback;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/PreupdateHookCallback;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1preupdate_1hook
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_preupdate_new
+ * Signature: (JILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3_value;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1preupdate_1new
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_preupdate_old
+ * Signature: (JILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/sqlite3_value;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1preupdate_1old
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_progress_handler
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/ProgressHandlerCallback;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1progress_1handler
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_randomness
+ * Signature: ([B)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1randomness
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jbyteArray);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_release_memory
+ * Signature: (I)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1release_1memory
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_reset
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1reset
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_reset_auto_extension
+ * Signature: ()V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1reset_1auto_1extension
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_double
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;D)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1double
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jdouble);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_error
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;[BI)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1error
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_error_toobig
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1error_1toobig
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_error_nomem
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1error_1nomem
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_error_code
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;I)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1error_1code
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_null
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1null
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_int
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;I)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1int
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_int64
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;J)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1int64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_java_object
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;Ljava/lang/Object;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1java_1object
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_value
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1value
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_zeroblob
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;I)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1zeroblob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_zeroblob64
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1zeroblob64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_blob
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;[BI)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1blob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_blob64
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;[BJ)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1blob64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jbyteArray, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_text
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;[BI)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1text
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_result_text64
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;[BJI)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1result_1text64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jbyteArray, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_rollback_hook
+ * Signature: (JLorg/sqlite/jni/capi/RollbackHookCallback;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/RollbackHookCallback;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1rollback_1hook
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_set_authorizer
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/AuthorizerCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1set_1authorizer
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_set_auxdata
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context;ILjava/lang/Object;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1set_1auxdata
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;J)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1set_1last_1insert_1rowid
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_shutdown
+ * Signature: ()I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1shutdown
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_sleep
+ * Signature: (I)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1sleep
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_sourceid
+ * Signature: ()Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1sourceid
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_sql
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1sql
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_status
+ * Signature: (ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Z)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1status
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint, jobject, jobject, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_status64
+ * Signature: (ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int64;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int64;Z)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1status64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jint, jobject, jobject, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_step
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1step
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_stmt_busy
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1stmt_1busy
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_stmt_explain
+ * Signature: (JI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1stmt_1explain
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_stmt_isexplain
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1stmt_1isexplain
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_stmt_readonly
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1stmt_1readonly
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_stmt_status
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt;IZ)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1stmt_1status
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_strglob
+ * Signature: ([B[B)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1strglob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jbyteArray, jbyteArray);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_strlike
+ * Signature: ([B[BI)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1strlike
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jbyteArray, jbyteArray, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_system_errno
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1system_1errno
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_table_column_metadata
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/String;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/String;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Bool;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Bool;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Bool;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1table_1column_1metadata
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jstring, jstring, jstring, jobject, jobject, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_threadsafe
+ * Signature: ()I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1threadsafe
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_total_changes
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1total_1changes
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_total_changes64
+ * Signature: (J)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1total_1changes64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_trace_v2
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/TraceV2Callback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1trace_1v2
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_txn_state
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;Ljava/lang/String;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1txn_1state
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject, jstring);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_update_hook
+ * Signature: (JLorg/sqlite/jni/capi/UpdateHookCallback;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/UpdateHookCallback;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1update_1hook
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_blob
+ * Signature: (J)[B
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1blob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_bytes
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1bytes
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_bytes16
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1bytes16
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_double
+ * Signature: (J)D
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jdouble JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1double
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_dup
+ * Signature: (J)Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1dup
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_encoding
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1encoding
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_free
+ * Signature: (J)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1free
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_frombind
+ * Signature: (J)Z
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1frombind
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_int
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1int
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_int64
+ * Signature: (J)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1int64
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_java_object
+ * Signature: (J)Ljava/lang/Object;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1java_1object
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_nochange
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1nochange
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_numeric_type
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1numeric_1type
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_subtype
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1subtype
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_text
+ * Signature: (J)[B
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1text
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_text16
+ * Signature: (J)Ljava/lang/String;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1text16
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_value_type
+ * Signature: (J)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1value_1type
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jlong);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi
+ * Method:    sqlite3_jni_internal_details
+ * Signature: ()V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_CApi_sqlite3_1jni_1internal_1details
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
+#include <jni.h>
+/* Header for class org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester */
+
+#ifndef _Included_org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester
+#define _Included_org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester
+ * Method:    strglob
+ * Signature: ([B[B)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester_strglob
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jbyteArray, jbyteArray);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester
+ * Method:    installCustomExtensions
+ * Signature: ()V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_capi_SQLTester_installCustomExtensions
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
+#include <jni.h>
+/* Header for class org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi */
+
+#ifndef _Included_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+#define _Included_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    getInstance
+ * Signature: ()Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_getInstance
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xColumnCount
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xColumnCount
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xColumnSize
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xColumnSize
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xColumnText
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/String;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xColumnText
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xColumnTotalSize
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int64;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xColumnTotalSize
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xGetAuxdata
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;Z)Ljava/lang/Object;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xGetAuxdata
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jboolean);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xInst
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xInst
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xInstCount
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xInstCount
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xPhraseCount
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xPhraseCount
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xPhraseFirst
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xPhraseFirst
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xPhraseFirstColumn
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xPhraseFirstColumn
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xPhraseNext
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xPhraseNext
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xPhraseNextColumn
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int32;)V
+ */
+JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xPhraseNextColumn
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xPhraseSize
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;I)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xPhraseSize
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xQueryPhrase
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;ILorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi/XQueryPhraseCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xQueryPhrase
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xRowCount
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer/Int64;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xRowCount
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xRowid
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;)J
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xRowid
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xSetAuxdata
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;Ljava/lang/Object;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xSetAuxdata
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xTokenize
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;[BLorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/XTokenizeCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xTokenize
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jbyteArray, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi
+ * Method:    xUserData
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context;)Ljava/lang/Object;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_Fts5ExtensionApi_xUserData
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
+#include <jni.h>
+/* Header for class org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api */
+
+#ifndef _Included_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api
+#define _Included_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#undef org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api_iVersion
+#define org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api_iVersion 2L
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api
+ * Method:    getInstanceForDb
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3;)Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_api;
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_1api_getInstanceForDb
+  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jobject);
+
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_api
+ * Method:    xCreateFunction
+ * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_extension_function;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_1api_xCreateFunction
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jstring, jobject, jobject);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
+#include <jni.h>
+/* Header for class org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_tokenizer */
+
+#ifndef _Included_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_tokenizer
+#define _Included_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_tokenizer
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+/*
+ * Class:     org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_tokenizer
+ * Method:    xTokenize
+ * Signature: (Lorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Tokenizer;I[BLorg/sqlite/jni/fts5/XTokenizeCallback;)I
+ */
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_org_sqlite_jni_fts5_fts5_1tokenizer_xTokenize
+  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jobject, jint, jbyteArray, jobject);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/NotNull.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/NotNull.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3b4c1c7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/NotNull.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+** 2023-09-27
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file houses the NotNull annotaion for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.annotation;
+
+/**
+   This annotation is for flagging parameters which may not legally be
+   null or point to closed/finalized C-side resources.
+
+   <p>In the case of Java types which map directly to C struct types
+   (e.g. {@link org.sqlite.jni.sqlite3}, {@link
+   org.sqlite.jni.sqlite3_stmt}, and {@link
+   org.sqlite.jni.sqlite3_context}), a closed/finalized resource is
+   also considered to be null for purposes this annotation because the
+   C-side effect of passing such a handle is the same as if null is
+   passed.</p>
+
+   <p>When used in the context of Java interfaces which are called
+   from the C APIs, this annotation communicates that the C API will
+   never pass a null value to the callback for that parameter.</p>
+
+   <p>Passing a null, for this annotation's definition of null, for
+   any parameter marked with this annoation specifically invokes
+   undefined behavior.</p>
+
+   <p>Passing 0 (i.e. C NULL) or a negative value for any long-type
+   parameter marked with this annoation specifically invokes undefined
+   behavior. Such values are treated as C pointers in the JNI
+   layer.</p>
+
+   <p>Note that the C-style API does not throw any exceptions on its
+   own because it has a no-throw policy in order to retain its C-style
+   semantics, but it may trigger NullPointerExceptions (or similar) if
+   passed a null for a parameter flagged with this annotation.</p>
+
+   <p>This annotation is informational only. No policy is in place to
+   programmatically ensure that NotNull is conformed to in client
+   code.</p>
+
+   <p>This annotation is solely for the use by the classes in the
+   org.sqlite package and subpackages, but is made public so that
+   javadoc will link to it from the annotated functions. It is not
+   part of the public API and client-level code must not rely on
+   it.</p>
+*/
+@java.lang.annotation.Documented
+@java.lang.annotation.Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+@java.lang.annotation.Target(java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER)
+public @interface NotNull{}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/Nullable.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/Nullable.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ddc8502d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/Nullable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+** 2023-09-27
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file houses the Nullable annotaion for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.annotation;
+
+/**
+   This annotation is for flagging parameters which may legally be
+   null, noting that they may behave differently if passed null but
+   are prepared to expect null as a value. When used in the context of
+   callback methods which are called into from the C APIs, this
+   annotation communicates that the C API may pass a null value to the
+   callback.
+
+   <p>This annotation is solely for the use by the classes in this
+   package but is made public so that javadoc will link to it from the
+   annotated functions. It is not part of the public API and
+   client-level code must not rely on it.
+*/
+@java.lang.annotation.Documented
+@java.lang.annotation.Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+@java.lang.annotation.Target(java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER)
+public @interface Nullable{}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/package-info.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/package-info.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20ac7a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/package-info.java
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+** 2023-09-27
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+*/
+/**
+   This package houses annotations specific to the JNI bindings of the
+   SQLite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.annotation;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AbstractCollationCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AbstractCollationCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..92553663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AbstractCollationCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.NotNull;
+
+/**
+   An implementation of {@link CollationCallback} which provides a
+   no-op xDestroy() method.
+*/
+public abstract class AbstractCollationCallback
+  implements CollationCallback, XDestroyCallback {
+  /**
+     Must compare the given byte arrays and return the result using
+     {@code memcmp()} semantics.
+  */
+  public abstract int call(@NotNull byte[] lhs, @NotNull byte[] rhs);
+
+  /**
+     Optionally override to be notified when the UDF is finalized by
+     SQLite. This implementation does nothing.
+  */
+  public void xDestroy(){}
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AggregateFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AggregateFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89c4f274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AggregateFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+
+/**
+   A SQLFunction implementation for aggregate functions.  Its T is the
+   data type of its "accumulator" state, an instance of which is
+   intended to be be managed using the getAggregateState() and
+   takeAggregateState() methods.
+*/
+public abstract class AggregateFunction<T> implements SQLFunction {
+
+  /**
+     As for the xStep() argument of the C API's
+     sqlite3_create_function().  If this function throws, the
+     exception is not propagated and a warning might be emitted to a
+     debugging channel.
+  */
+  public abstract void xStep(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args);
+
+  /**
+     As for the xFinal() argument of the C API's sqlite3_create_function().
+     If this function throws, it is translated into an sqlite3_result_error().
+  */
+  public abstract void xFinal(sqlite3_context cx);
+
+  /**
+     Optionally override to be notified when the UDF is finalized by
+     SQLite.
+  */
+  public void xDestroy() {}
+
+  /** Per-invocation state for the UDF. */
+  private final SQLFunction.PerContextState<T> map =
+    new SQLFunction.PerContextState<>();
+
+  /**
+     To be called from the implementation's xStep() method, as well
+     as the xValue() and xInverse() methods of the {@link WindowFunction}
+     subclass, to fetch the current per-call UDF state. On the
+     first call to this method for any given sqlite3_context
+     argument, the context is set to the given initial value. On all other
+     calls, the 2nd argument is ignored.
+
+     @see SQLFunction.PerContextState#getAggregateState
+  */
+  protected final ValueHolder<T> getAggregateState(sqlite3_context cx, T initialValue){
+    return map.getAggregateState(cx, initialValue);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     To be called from the implementation's xFinal() method to fetch
+     the final state of the UDF and remove its mapping.
+
+     see SQLFunction.PerContextState#takeAggregateState
+  */
+  protected final T takeAggregateState(sqlite3_context cx){
+    return map.takeAggregateState(cx);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AuthorizerCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AuthorizerCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ce7c6fca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AuthorizerCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.*;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_set_authorizer}.
+*/
+public interface AuthorizerCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Must function as described for the C-level
+     sqlite3_set_authorizer() callback.
+  */
+  int call(int opId, @Nullable String s1, @Nullable String s2,
+           @Nullable String s3, @Nullable String s4);
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AutoExtensionCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AutoExtensionCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a54132d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AutoExtensionCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with the {@link CApi#sqlite3_auto_extension}
+   family of APIs.
+*/
+public interface AutoExtensionCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Must function as described for a C-level
+     sqlite3_auto_extension() callback.
+
+     <p>This callback may throw and the exception's error message will
+     be set as the db's error string.
+
+     <p>Tips for implementations:
+
+     <p>- Opening a database from an auto-extension handler will lead to
+     an endless recursion of the auto-handler triggering itself
+     indirectly for each newly-opened database.
+
+     <p>- If this routine is stateful, it may be useful to make the
+     overridden method synchronized.
+
+     <p>- Results are undefined if the given db is closed by an auto-extension.
+  */
+  int call(sqlite3 db);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/BusyHandlerCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/BusyHandlerCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..00223f0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/BusyHandlerCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_busy_handler}.
+*/
+public interface BusyHandlerCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Must function as documented for the C-level
+     sqlite3_busy_handler() callback argument, minus the (void*)
+     argument the C-level function requires.
+  */
+  int call(int n);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CApi.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CApi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..302cdb76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CApi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2449 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file declares JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+  This class contains the entire C-style sqlite3 JNI API binding,
+  minus a few bits and pieces declared in other files. For client-side
+  use, a static import is recommended:
+
+  <pre>{@code
+  import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+  }</pre>
+
+  <p>The C-side part can be found in sqlite3-jni.c.
+
+  <p>This class is package-private in order to keep Java clients from
+  having direct access to the low-level C-style APIs, a design
+  decision made by Java developers based on the C-style API being
+  riddled with opportunities for Java developers to proverbially shoot
+  themselves in the foot with. Third-party copies of this code may
+  eliminate that guard by simply changing this class from
+  package-private to public. Its methods which are intended to be
+  exposed that way are all public.
+
+  <p>Only functions which materially differ from their C counterparts
+  are documented here, and only those material differences are
+  documented. The C documentation is otherwise applicable for these
+  APIs:
+
+  <p><a href="https://sqlite.org/c3ref/intro.html">https://sqlite.org/c3ref/intro.html</a>
+
+  <p>A handful of Java-specific APIs have been added which are
+  documented here. A number of convenience overloads are provided
+  which are not documented but whose semantics map 1-to-1 in an
+  intuitive manner. e.g. {@link
+  #sqlite3_result_set(sqlite3_context,int)} is equivalent to {@link
+  #sqlite3_result_int}, and sqlite3_result_set() has many
+  type-specific overloads.
+
+  <p>Notes regarding Java's Modified UTF-8 vs standard UTF-8:
+
+  <p>SQLite internally uses UTF-8 encoding, whereas Java natively uses
+  UTF-16.  Java JNI has routines for converting to and from UTF-8,
+  but JNI uses what its docs call modified UTF-8 (see links below)
+  Care must be taken when converting Java strings to or from standard
+  UTF-8 to ensure that the proper conversion is performed. In short,
+  Java's {@code String.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)} performs the proper
+  conversion in Java, and there are no JNI C APIs for that conversion
+  (JNI's {@code NewStringUTF()} requires its input to be in MUTF-8).
+
+  <p>The known consequences and limitations this discrepancy places on
+  the SQLite3 JNI binding include:
+
+  <ul>
+
+  <li>C functions which take C-style strings without a length argument
+  require special care when taking input from Java. In particular,
+  Java strings converted to byte arrays for encoding purposes are not
+  NUL-terminated, and conversion to a Java byte array must sometimes
+  be careful to add one. Functions which take a length do not require
+  this so long as the length is provided. Search the CApi class
+  for "\0" for many examples.
+
+  </ul>
+
+  <p>Further reading:
+
+  <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57419723">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57419723</a>
+  <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7921016">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7921016</a>
+  <p><a href="https://itecnote.com/tecnote/java-getting-true-utf-8-characters-in-java-jni/">https://itecnote.com/tecnote/java-getting-true-utf-8-characters-in-java-jni/</a>
+  <p><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#unicode">https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#unicode</a>
+  <p><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/io/DataInput.html#modified-utf-8">https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/io/DataInput.html#modified-utf-8</a>
+
+*/
+public final class CApi {
+  static {
+    System.loadLibrary("sqlite3-jni");
+  }
+  //! Not used
+  private CApi(){}
+  //! Called from static init code.
+  private static native void init();
+
+  /**
+     Returns a nul-terminated copy of s as a UTF-8-encoded byte array,
+     or null if s is null.
+  */
+  private static byte[] nulTerminateUtf8(String s){
+    return null==s ? null : (s+"\0").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Each thread which uses the SQLite3 JNI APIs should call
+     sqlite3_jni_uncache_thread() when it is done with the library -
+     either right before it terminates or when it finishes using the
+     SQLite API.  This will clean up any cached per-thread info.
+
+     <p>This process does not close any databases or finalize
+     any prepared statements because their ownership does not depend on
+     a given thread.  For proper library behavior, and to
+     avoid C-side leaks, be sure to finalize all statements and close
+     all databases before calling this function.
+
+     <p>Calling this from the main application thread is not strictly
+     required. Additional threads must call this before ending or they
+     will leak cache entries in the C heap, which in turn may keep
+     numerous Java-side global references active.
+
+     <p>This routine returns false without side effects if the current
+     JNIEnv is not cached, else returns true, but this information is
+     primarily for testing of the JNI bindings and is not information
+     which client-level code can use to make any informed decisions.
+  */
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_java_uncache_thread();
+
+  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+  // Maintenance reminder: please keep the sqlite3_.... functions
+  // alphabetized.  The SQLITE_... values. on the other hand, are
+  // grouped by category.
+
+  /**
+     Functions exactly like the native form except that (A) the 2nd
+     argument is a boolean instead of an int and (B) the returned
+     value is not a pointer address and is only intended for use as a
+     per-UDF-call lookup key in a higher-level data structure.
+
+     <p>Passing a true second argument is analogous to passing some
+     unspecified small, non-0 positive value to the C API and passing
+     false is equivalent to passing 0 to the C API.
+
+     <p>Like the C API, it returns 0 if allocation fails or if
+     initialize is false and no prior aggregate context was allocated
+     for cx.  If initialize is true then it returns 0 only on
+     allocation error. In all casses, 0 is considered the sentinel
+     "not a key" value.
+  */
+  public static native long sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context cx, boolean initialize);
+
+  /**
+     Functions almost as documented for the C API, with these
+     exceptions:
+
+     <p>- The callback interface is shorter because of
+     cross-language differences. Specifically, 3rd argument to the C
+     auto-extension callback interface is unnecessary here.
+
+     <p>The C API docs do not specifically say so, but if the list of
+     auto-extensions is manipulated from an auto-extension, it is
+     undefined which, if any, auto-extensions will subsequently
+     execute for the current database. That is, doing so will result
+     in unpredictable, but not undefined, behavior.
+
+     <p>See the AutoExtension class docs for more information.
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_auto_extension(@NotNull AutoExtensionCallback callback);
+
+  static native int sqlite3_backup_finish(@NotNull long ptrToBackup);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_backup_finish(@NotNull sqlite3_backup b){
+    return sqlite3_backup_finish(b.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup_init(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDbDest, @NotNull String destTableName,
+    @NotNull long ptrToDbSrc, @NotNull String srcTableName
+  );
+
+  public static sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup_init(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 dbDest, @NotNull String destTableName,
+    @NotNull sqlite3 dbSrc, @NotNull String srcTableName
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_backup_init( dbDest.getNativePointer(), destTableName,
+                                dbSrc.getNativePointer(), srcTableName );
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(@NotNull long ptrToBackup);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(@NotNull sqlite3_backup b){
+    return sqlite3_backup_pagecount(b.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_backup_remaining(@NotNull long ptrToBackup);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_backup_remaining(@NotNull sqlite3_backup b){
+    return sqlite3_backup_remaining(b.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_backup_step(@NotNull long ptrToBackup, int nPage);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_backup_step(@NotNull sqlite3_backup b, int nPage){
+    return sqlite3_backup_step(b.getNativePointer(), nPage);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_blob(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] data, int n
+  );
+
+  /**
+     If n is negative, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned. If n>data.length
+     then n is silently truncated to data.length.
+  */
+  static int sqlite3_bind_blob(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] data, int n
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, data, n);
+  }
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_blob(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] data
+  ){
+    return (null==data)
+      ? sqlite3_bind_null(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx)
+      : sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, data, data.length);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_double(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, double v
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_double(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, double v
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_bind_double(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, v);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_int(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, int v
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_int(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, int v
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_bind_int(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, v);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_int64(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, long v
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_int64(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, long v){
+    return sqlite3_bind_int64( stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, v );
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_java_object(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, @Nullable Object o
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Binds the given object at the given index. If o is null then this behaves like
+     sqlite3_bind_null().
+
+     @see #sqlite3_result_java_object
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_java_object(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable Object o
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_bind_java_object(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, o);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_null(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_null(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_bind_null(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(@NotNull long ptrToStmt);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+    return sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(stmt.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Requires that paramName be a NUL-terminated UTF-8 string.
+
+     This overload is private because: (A) to keep users from
+     inadvertently passing non-NUL-terminated byte arrays (an easy
+     thing to do). (B) it is cheaper to NUL-terminate the
+     String-to-byte-array conversion in the public-facing Java-side
+     overload than to do that in C, so that signature is the
+     public-facing one.
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, @NotNull byte[] paramName
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, @NotNull String paramName
+  ){
+    final byte[] utf8 = nulTerminateUtf8(paramName);
+    return null==utf8 ? 0 : sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(stmt.getNativePointer(), utf8);
+  }
+
+  static native String sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int index
+  );
+
+  public static String sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int index){
+    return sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(stmt.getNativePointer(), index);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_text(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] utf8, int maxBytes
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Works like the C-level sqlite3_bind_text() but assumes
+     SQLITE_TRANSIENT for the final C API parameter. The byte array is
+     assumed to be in UTF-8 encoding.
+
+     <p>If data is not null and maxBytes>utf8.length then maxBytes is
+     silently truncated to utf8.length. If maxBytes is negative then
+     results are undefined if data is not null and does not contain a
+     NUL byte.
+  */
+  static int sqlite3_bind_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] utf8, int maxBytes
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_bind_text(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, utf8, maxBytes);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Converts data, if not null, to a UTF-8-encoded byte array and
+     binds it as such, returning the result of the C-level
+     sqlite3_bind_null() or sqlite3_bind_text().
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable String data
+  ){
+    if( null==data ) return sqlite3_bind_null(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+    final byte[] utf8 = data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    return sqlite3_bind_text(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, utf8, utf8.length);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Requires that utf8 be null or in UTF-8 encoding.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] utf8
+  ){
+    return ( null==utf8 )
+      ? sqlite3_bind_null(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx)
+      : sqlite3_bind_text(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, utf8, utf8.length);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_text16(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] data, int maxBytes
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Identical to the sqlite3_bind_text() overload with the same
+     signature but requires that its input be encoded in UTF-16 in
+     platform byte order.
+  */
+  static int sqlite3_bind_text16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] data, int maxBytes
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_bind_text16(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, data, maxBytes);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Converts its string argument to UTF-16 and binds it as such, returning
+     the result of the C-side function of the same name. The 3rd argument
+     may be null.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_text16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable String data
+  ){
+    if(null == data) return sqlite3_bind_null(stmt, ndx);
+    final byte[] bytes = data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_16);
+    return sqlite3_bind_text16(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, bytes, bytes.length);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Requires that data be null or in UTF-16 encoding in platform byte
+     order. Returns the result of the C-level sqlite3_bind_null() or
+     sqlite3_bind_text16().
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_text16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, @Nullable byte[] data
+  ){
+    return (null == data)
+      ? sqlite3_bind_null(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx)
+      : sqlite3_bind_text16(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, data, data.length);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_value(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, long ptrToValue);
+
+  /**
+     Functions like the C-level sqlite3_bind_value(), or
+     sqlite3_bind_null() if val is null.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_value(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, sqlite3_value val){
+    return sqlite3_bind_value(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx,
+                              null==val ? 0L : val.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, int n);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, int n){
+    return sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, n);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(
+    @NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx, long n
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx, long n){
+    return sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx, n);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_blob_bytes(@NotNull long ptrToBlob);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_blob_bytes(@NotNull sqlite3_blob blob){
+    return sqlite3_blob_bytes(blob.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_blob_close(@Nullable long ptrToBlob);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_blob_close(@Nullable sqlite3_blob blob){
+    return sqlite3_blob_close(blob.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_blob_open(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @NotNull String dbName,
+    @NotNull String tableName, @NotNull String columnName,
+    long iRow, int flags, @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_blob out
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_blob_open(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String dbName,
+    @NotNull String tableName, @NotNull String columnName,
+    long iRow, int flags, @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_blob out
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_blob_open(db.getNativePointer(), dbName, tableName,
+                             columnName, iRow, flags, out);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload.
+  */
+  public static sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob_open(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String dbName,
+    @NotNull String tableName, @NotNull String columnName,
+    long iRow, int flags ){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_blob out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_blob();
+    sqlite3_blob_open(db.getNativePointer(), dbName, tableName, columnName,
+                      iRow, flags, out);
+    return out.take();
+  };
+
+  static native int sqlite3_blob_read(
+    @NotNull long ptrToBlob, @NotNull byte[] target, int iOffset
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_blob_read(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_blob b, @NotNull byte[] target, int iOffset
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_blob_read(b.getNativePointer(), target, iOffset);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_blob_reopen(
+    @NotNull long ptrToBlob, long newRowId
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_blob_reopen(@NotNull sqlite3_blob b, long newRowId){
+    return sqlite3_blob_reopen(b.getNativePointer(), newRowId);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_blob_write(
+    @NotNull long ptrToBlob, @NotNull byte[] bytes, int iOffset
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_blob_write(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_blob b, @NotNull byte[] bytes, int iOffset
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_blob_write(b.getNativePointer(), bytes, iOffset);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_busy_handler(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @Nullable BusyHandlerCallback handler
+  );
+
+  /**
+     As for the C-level function of the same name, with a
+     BusyHandlerCallback instance in place of a callback
+     function. Pass it a null handler to clear the busy handler.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_busy_handler(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable BusyHandlerCallback handler
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_busy_handler(db.getNativePointer(), handler);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_busy_timeout(@NotNull long ptrToDb, int ms);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_busy_timeout(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int ms){
+    return sqlite3_busy_timeout(db.getNativePointer(), ms);
+  }
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(
+    @NotNull AutoExtensionCallback ax
+  );
+
+  static native int sqlite3_changes(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_changes(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_changes(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native long sqlite3_changes64(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static long sqlite3_changes64(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_changes64(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_clear_bindings(@NotNull long ptrToStmt);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_clear_bindings(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+    return sqlite3_clear_bindings(stmt.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_close(@Nullable long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_close(@Nullable sqlite3 db){
+    int rc = 0;
+    if( null!=db ){
+      rc = sqlite3_close(db.getNativePointer());
+      if( 0==rc ) db.clearNativePointer();
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_close_v2(@Nullable long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_close_v2(@Nullable sqlite3 db){
+    return db==null ? 0 : sqlite3_close_v2(db.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native byte[] sqlite3_column_blob(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  static native int sqlite3_column_bytes(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_column_bytes(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_bytes(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_column_bytes16(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_column_bytes16(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_bytes16(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_column_count(@NotNull long ptrToStmt);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_column_count(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+    return sqlite3_column_count(stmt.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native String sqlite3_column_decltype(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_column_decltype(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_decltype(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  public static native double sqlite3_column_double(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_column_int(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  public static native long sqlite3_column_int64(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  static native String sqlite3_column_name(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_column_name(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_name(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  static native String sqlite3_column_database_name(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_column_database_name(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_database_name(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  static native String sqlite3_column_origin_name(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_column_origin_name(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_origin_name(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  static native String sqlite3_column_table_name(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_column_table_name(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_table_name(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Functions identially to the C API, and this note is just to
+     stress that the returned bytes are encoded as UTF-8. It returns
+     null if the underlying C-level sqlite3_column_text() returns NULL
+     or on allocation error.
+
+     @see #sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt,int)
+  */
+  public static native byte[] sqlite3_column_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_column_text16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  // The real utility of this function is questionable.
+  // /**
+  //    Returns a Java value representation based on the value of
+  //    sqlite_value_type(). For integer types it returns either Integer
+  //    or Long, depending on whether the value will fit in an
+  //    Integer. For floating-point values it always returns type Double.
+
+  //    If the column was bound using sqlite3_result_java_object() then
+  //    that value, as an Object, is returned.
+  // */
+  // public static Object sqlite3_column_to_java(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt,
+  //                                             int ndx){
+  //   sqlite3_value v = sqlite3_column_value(stmt, ndx);
+  //   Object rv = null;
+  //   if(null == v) return v;
+  //   v = sqlite3_value_dup(v)/*need a protected value*/;
+  //   if(null == v) return v /* OOM error in C */;
+  //   if(112/* 'p' */ == sqlite3_value_subtype(v)){
+  //     rv = sqlite3_value_java_object(v);
+  //   }else{
+  //     switch(sqlite3_value_type(v)){
+  //       case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+  //         final long i = sqlite3_value_int64(v);
+  //         rv = (i<=0x7fffffff && i>=-0x7fffffff-1)
+  //           ? new Integer((int)i) : new Long(i);
+  //         break;
+  //       }
+  //       case SQLITE_FLOAT: rv = new Double(sqlite3_value_double(v)); break;
+  //       case SQLITE_BLOB: rv = sqlite3_value_blob(v); break;
+  //       case SQLITE_TEXT: rv = sqlite3_value_text16(v); break;
+  //       default: break;
+  //     }
+  //   }
+  //   sqlite3_value_free(v);
+  //   return rv;
+  // }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_column_type(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int ndx);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_column_type(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx){
+    return sqlite3_column_type(stmt.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+  public static native sqlite3_value sqlite3_column_value(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int ndx
+  );
+
+  static native int sqlite3_collation_needed(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @Nullable CollationNeededCallback callback
+  );
+
+  /**
+     This functions like C's sqlite3_collation_needed16() because
+     Java's string type is inherently compatible with that interface.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_collation_needed(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable CollationNeededCallback callback
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_collation_needed(db.getNativePointer(), callback);
+  }
+
+  static native CommitHookCallback sqlite3_commit_hook(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @Nullable CommitHookCallback hook
+  );
+
+  public static CommitHookCallback sqlite3_commit_hook(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable CommitHookCallback hook
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_commit_hook(db.getNativePointer(), hook);
+  }
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_compileoption_get(int n);
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_compileoption_used(String optName);
+
+  /**
+     This implementation is private because it's too easy to pass it
+     non-NUL-terminated byte arrays from client code.
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_complete(
+    @NotNull byte[] nulTerminatedUtf8Sql
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Unlike the C API, this returns SQLITE_MISUSE if its argument is
+     null (as opposed to invoking UB).
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_complete(@NotNull String sql){
+    return sqlite3_complete( nulTerminateUtf8(sql) );
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+     <p>Works like in the C API with the exception that it only supports
+     the following subset of configution flags:
+
+     <p>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
+     SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
+     SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED
+
+     <p>Others may be added in the future. It returns SQLITE_MISUSE if
+     given an argument it does not handle.
+
+     <p>Note that sqlite3_config() is not threadsafe with regards to
+     the rest of the library. This must not be called when any other
+     library APIs are being called.
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_config(int op);
+
+  /**
+     If the native library was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG defined
+     then this acts as a proxy for C's
+     sqlite3_config(SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG,...). This sets or clears the
+     logger. If installation of a logger fails, any previous logger is
+     retained.
+
+     <p>If not built with SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG defined, this returns
+     SQLITE_MISUSE.
+
+     <p>Note that sqlite3_config() is not threadsafe with regards to
+     the rest of the library. This must not be called when any other
+     library APIs are being called.
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_config( @Nullable ConfigSqllogCallback logger );
+
+  /**
+     The sqlite3_config() overload for handling the SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG
+     option.
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_config( @Nullable ConfigLogCallback logger );
+
+  /**
+     Unlike the C API, this returns null if its argument is
+     null (as opposed to invoking UB).
+  */
+  public static native sqlite3 sqlite3_context_db_handle(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_create_collation(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String name, int eTextRep,
+    @NotNull CollationCallback col
+  );
+
+  /**
+     The Java counterpart to the C-native sqlite3_create_function(),
+     sqlite3_create_function_v2(), and
+     sqlite3_create_window_function(). Which one it behaves like
+     depends on which methods the final argument implements. See
+     SQLFunction's subclasses (ScalarFunction, AggregateFunction<T>,
+     and WindowFunction<T>) for details.
+
+     <p>Unlike the C API, this returns SQLITE_MISUSE null if its db or
+     functionName arguments are null (as opposed to invoking UB).
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_create_function(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String functionName,
+    int nArg, int eTextRep, @NotNull SQLFunction func
+  );
+
+  static native int sqlite3_data_count(@NotNull long ptrToStmt);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_data_count(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+    return sqlite3_data_count(stmt.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Overload for sqlite3_db_config() calls which take (int,int*)
+     variadic arguments. Returns SQLITE_MISUSE if op is not one of the
+     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_... options which uses this call form.
+
+     <p>Unlike the C API, this returns SQLITE_MISUSE if its db argument
+     are null (as opposed to invoking UB).
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_db_config(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, int op, int onOff, @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 out
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Overload for sqlite3_db_config() calls which take a (const char*)
+     variadic argument. As of SQLite3 v3.43 the only such option is
+     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME. Returns SQLITE_MISUSE if op is not
+     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME, but that set of options may be
+     extended in future versions.
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_db_config(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, int op, @NotNull String val
+  );
+
+  private static native String sqlite3_db_name(@NotNull long ptrToDb, int ndx);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_db_name(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int ndx){
+    return null==db ? null : sqlite3_db_name(db.getNativePointer(), ndx);
+  }
+
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_db_filename(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String dbName
+  );
+
+  public static native sqlite3 sqlite3_db_handle(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_db_readonly(@NotNull sqlite3 db, String dbName);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3 db);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_db_status(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, int op, @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 pCurrent,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 pHighwater, boolean reset
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_errcode(@NotNull sqlite3 db);
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_errmsg(@NotNull sqlite3 db);
+
+  static native int sqlite3_error_offset(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  /**
+     Note that the returned byte offset values assume UTF-8-encoded
+     inputs, so won't always match character offsets in Java Strings.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_error_offset(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_error_offset(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_errstr(int resultCode);
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_expanded_sql(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  static native int sqlite3_extended_errcode(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_extended_errcode(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_extended_errcode(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_extended_result_codes(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, boolean onoff
+  );
+
+  static native boolean sqlite3_get_autocommit(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static boolean sqlite3_get_autocommit(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_get_autocommit(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native Object sqlite3_get_auxdata(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, int n
+  );
+
+  static native int sqlite3_finalize(long ptrToStmt);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_finalize(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+    return null==stmt ? 0 : sqlite3_finalize(stmt.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_initialize();
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_interrupt(@NotNull sqlite3 db);
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_is_interrupted(@NotNull sqlite3 db);
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_keyword_check(@NotNull String word);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_keyword_count();
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_keyword_name(int index);
+
+
+  public static native long sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(@NotNull sqlite3 db);
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_libversion();
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_libversion_number();
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_limit(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int id, int newVal);
+
+  /**
+     Only available if built with SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE. If not, it always
+     returns null.
+  */
+  public static native String sqlite3_normalized_sql(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  /**
+     Works like its C counterpart and makes the native pointer of the
+     underling (sqlite3*) object available via
+     ppDb.getNativePointer(). That pointer is necessary for looking up
+     the JNI-side native, but clients need not pay it any
+     heed. Passing the object to sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2()
+     will clear that pointer mapping.
+
+     <p>Recall that even if opening fails, the output pointer might be
+     non-null. Any error message about the failure will be in that
+     object and it is up to the caller to sqlite3_close() that
+     db handle.
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_open(
+    @Nullable String filename, @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3 ppDb
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which returns its db handle directly. The returned
+     object might not have been successfully opened: use sqlite3_errcode() to
+     check whether it is in an error state.
+
+     <p>Ownership of the returned value is passed to the caller, who must eventually
+     pass it to sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2().
+  */
+  public static sqlite3 sqlite3_open(@Nullable String filename){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    sqlite3_open(filename, out);
+    return out.take();
+  };
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_open_v2(
+    @Nullable String filename, @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3 ppDb,
+    int flags, @Nullable String zVfs
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Has the same semantics as the sqlite3-returning sqlite3_open()
+     but uses sqlite3_open_v2() instead of sqlite3_open().
+  */
+  public static sqlite3 sqlite3_open_v2(@Nullable String filename, int flags,
+                                        @Nullable String zVfs){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    sqlite3_open_v2(filename, out, flags, zVfs);
+    return out.take();
+  };
+
+  /**
+     The sqlite3_prepare() family of functions require slightly
+     different signatures than their native counterparts, but (A) they
+     retain functionally equivalent semantics and (B) overloading
+     allows us to install several convenience forms.
+
+     <p>All of them which take their SQL in the form of a byte[] require
+     that it be in UTF-8 encoding unless explicitly noted otherwise.
+
+     <p>The forms which take a "tail" output pointer return (via that
+     output object) the index into their SQL byte array at which the
+     end of the first SQL statement processed by the call was
+     found. That's fundamentally how the C APIs work but making use of
+     that value requires more copying of the input SQL into
+     consecutively smaller arrays in order to consume all of
+     it. (There is an example of doing that in this project's Tester1
+     class.) For that vast majority of uses, that capability is not
+     necessary, however, and overloads are provided which gloss over
+     that.
+
+     <p>Results are undefined if maxBytes>sqlUtf8.length.
+
+     <p>This routine is private because its maxBytes value is not
+     strictly necessary in the Java interface, as sqlUtf8.length tells
+     us the information we need. Making this public would give clients
+     more ways to shoot themselves in the foot without providing any
+     real utility.
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_prepare(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8, int maxBytes,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 pTailOffset
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Works like the canonical sqlite3_prepare() but its "tail" output
+     argument is returned as the index offset into the given
+     UTF-8-encoded byte array at which SQL parsing stopped. The
+     semantics are otherwise identical to the C API counterpart.
+
+     <p>Several overloads provided simplified call signatures.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 pTailOffset
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_prepare(db.getNativePointer(), sqlUtf8, sqlUtf8.length,
+                           outStmt, pTailOffset);
+  }
+
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_prepare(db.getNativePointer(), sqlUtf8, sqlUtf8.length,
+                           outStmt, null);
+  }
+
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt
+  ){
+    final byte[] utf8 = sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    return sqlite3_prepare(db.getNativePointer(), utf8, utf8.length,
+                           outStmt, null);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which returns its statement handle directly,
+     or null on error or when reading only whitespace or
+     comments. sqlite3_errcode() can be used to determine whether
+     there was an error or the input was empty. Ownership of the
+     returned object is passed to the caller, who must eventually pass
+     it to sqlite3_finalize().
+  */
+  public static sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_prepare(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql
+  ){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    sqlite3_prepare(db, sql, out);
+    return out.take();
+  }
+  /**
+     @see #sqlite3_prepare
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8, int maxBytes,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 pTailOffset
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Works like the canonical sqlite3_prepare_v2() but its "tail"
+     output paramter is returned as the index offset into the given
+     byte array at which SQL parsing stopped.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 pTailOffset
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_v2(db.getNativePointer(), sqlUtf8, sqlUtf8.length,
+                              outStmt, pTailOffset);
+  }
+
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_v2(db.getNativePointer(), sqlUtf8, sqlUtf8.length,
+                              outStmt, null);
+  }
+
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt
+  ){
+    final byte[] utf8 = sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    return sqlite3_prepare_v2(db.getNativePointer(), utf8, utf8.length,
+                              outStmt, null);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Works identically to the sqlite3_stmt-returning sqlite3_prepare()
+     but uses sqlite3_prepare_v2().
+  */
+  public static sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql
+  ){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, out);
+    return out.take();
+  }
+
+  /**
+     @see #sqlite3_prepare
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8, int maxBytes,
+    int prepFlags, @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 pTailOffset
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Works like the canonical sqlite3_prepare_v2() but its "tail"
+     output paramter is returned as the index offset into the given
+     byte array at which SQL parsing stopped.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8, int prepFlags,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Int32 pTailOffset
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_v3(db.getNativePointer(), sqlUtf8, sqlUtf8.length,
+                              prepFlags, outStmt, pTailOffset);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which elides the seldom-used pTailOffset
+     parameter.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8, int prepFlags,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_v3(db.getNativePointer(), sqlUtf8, sqlUtf8.length,
+                              prepFlags, outStmt, null);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which elides the seldom-used pTailOffset
+     parameter and converts the given string to UTF-8 before passing
+     it on.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql, int prepFlags,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt
+  ){
+    final byte[] utf8 = sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    return sqlite3_prepare_v3(db.getNativePointer(), utf8, utf8.length,
+                              prepFlags, outStmt, null);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Works identically to the sqlite3_stmt-returning sqlite3_prepare()
+     but uses sqlite3_prepare_v3().
+  */
+  public static sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_prepare_v3(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql, int prepFlags
+  ){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    sqlite3_prepare_v3(db, sql, prepFlags, out);
+    return out.take();
+  }
+
+  /**
+     A convenience wrapper around sqlite3_prepare_v3() which accepts
+     an arbitrary amount of input provided as a UTF-8-encoded byte
+     array.  It loops over the input bytes looking for
+     statements. Each one it finds is passed to p.call(), passing
+     ownership of it to that function. If p.call() returns 0, looping
+     continues, else the loop stops.
+
+     <p>If p.call() throws, the exception is propagated.
+
+     <p>How each statement is handled, including whether it is finalized
+     or not, is up to the callback object. e.g. the callback might
+     collect them for later use. If it does not collect them then it
+     must finalize them. See PrepareMultiCallback.Finalize for a
+     simple proxy which does that.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8,
+    int preFlags,
+    @NotNull PrepareMultiCallback p){
+    final OutputPointer.Int32 oTail = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+    int pos = 0, n = 1;
+    byte[] sqlChunk = sqlUtf8;
+    int rc = 0;
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    while(0==rc && pos<sqlChunk.length){
+      sqlite3_stmt stmt = null;
+      if(pos > 0){
+        sqlChunk = Arrays.copyOfRange(sqlChunk, pos,
+                                      sqlChunk.length);
+      }
+      if( 0==sqlChunk.length ) break;
+      rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(db, sqlChunk, preFlags, outStmt, oTail);
+      if( 0!=rc ) break;
+      pos = oTail.value;
+      stmt = outStmt.take();
+      if( null == stmt ){
+        // empty statement was parsed.
+        continue;
+      }
+      rc = p.call(stmt);
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which accepts its SQL as a String and uses
+     no statement-preparation flags.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull byte[] sqlUtf8,
+    @NotNull PrepareMultiCallback p){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_multi(db, sqlUtf8, 0, p);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which accepts its SQL as a String.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql, int prepFlags,
+    @NotNull PrepareMultiCallback p){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+      db, sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), prepFlags, p
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which accepts its SQL as a String and uses
+     no statement-preparation flags.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String sql,
+    @NotNull PrepareMultiCallback p){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_multi(db, sql, 0, p);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which accepts its SQL as a String
+     array. They will be concatenated together as-is, with no
+     separator, and passed on to one of the other overloads.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String[] sql, int prepFlags,
+    @NotNull PrepareMultiCallback p){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_multi(db, String.join("",sql), prepFlags, p);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which uses no statement-preparation flags.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_prepare_multi(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String[] sql,
+    @NotNull PrepareMultiCallback p){
+    return sqlite3_prepare_multi(db, sql, 0, p);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  /**
+     If the C API was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK defined, this
+     acts as a proxy for C's sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(), else it returns
+     SQLITE_MISUSE with no side effects.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_preupdate_count(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  /**
+     If the C API was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK defined, this
+     acts as a proxy for C's sqlite3_preupdate_count(), else it returns
+     SQLITE_MISUSE with no side effects.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_preupdate_count(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_preupdate_count(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  /**
+     If the C API was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK defined, this
+     acts as a proxy for C's sqlite3_preupdate_depth(), else it returns
+     SQLITE_MISUSE with no side effects.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_preupdate_depth(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native PreupdateHookCallback sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @Nullable PreupdateHookCallback hook
+  );
+
+  /**
+     If the C API was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK defined, this
+     acts as a proxy for C's sqlite3_preupdate_hook(), else it returns null
+     with no side effects.
+  */
+  public static PreupdateHookCallback sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable PreupdateHookCallback hook
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db.getNativePointer(), hook);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_preupdate_new(@NotNull long ptrToDb, int col,
+                                                 @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_value out);
+
+  /**
+     If the C API was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK defined,
+     this acts as a proxy for C's sqlite3_preupdate_new(), else it
+     returns SQLITE_MISUSE with no side effects.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_preupdate_new(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int col,
+                                          @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_value out){
+    return sqlite3_preupdate_new(db.getNativePointer(), col, out);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience wrapper for the 3-arg sqlite3_preupdate_new() which returns
+     null on error.
+  */
+  public static sqlite3_value sqlite3_preupdate_new(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int col){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_value out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_value();
+    sqlite3_preupdate_new(db.getNativePointer(), col, out);
+    return out.take();
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_preupdate_old(@NotNull long ptrToDb, int col,
+                                                 @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_value out);
+
+  /**
+     If the C API was built with SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK defined,
+     this acts as a proxy for C's sqlite3_preupdate_old(), else it
+     returns SQLITE_MISUSE with no side effects.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_preupdate_old(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int col,
+                                          @NotNull OutputPointer.sqlite3_value out){
+    return sqlite3_preupdate_old(db.getNativePointer(), col, out);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience wrapper for the 3-arg sqlite3_preupdate_old() which returns
+     null on error.
+  */
+  public static sqlite3_value sqlite3_preupdate_old(@NotNull sqlite3 db, int col){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_value out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_value();
+    sqlite3_preupdate_old(db.getNativePointer(), col, out);
+    return out.take();
+  }
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_progress_handler(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, int n, @Nullable ProgressHandlerCallback h
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_randomness(byte[] target);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_release_memory(int n);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_reset(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  /**
+     Works like the C API except that it has no side effects if auto
+     extensions are currently running. (The JNI-level list of
+     extensions cannot be manipulated while it is being traversed.)
+  */
+  public static native void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension();
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_double(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, double v
+  );
+
+  /**
+     The main sqlite3_result_error() impl of which all others are
+     proxies. eTextRep must be one of SQLITE_UTF8 or SQLITE_UTF16 and
+     msg must be encoded correspondingly. Any other eTextRep value
+     results in the C-level sqlite3_result_error() being called with a
+     complaint about the invalid argument.
+  */
+  static native void sqlite3_result_error(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull byte[] msg, int eTextRep
+  );
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_error(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull byte[] utf8
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_error(cx, utf8, SQLITE_UTF8);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_error(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull String msg
+  ){
+    final byte[] utf8 = msg.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    sqlite3_result_error(cx, utf8, SQLITE_UTF8);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_error16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull byte[] utf16
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_error(cx, utf16, SQLITE_UTF16);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_error16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull String msg
+  ){
+    final byte[] utf16 = msg.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_16);
+    sqlite3_result_error(cx, utf16, SQLITE_UTF16);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Equivalent to passing e.toString() to {@link
+     #sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context,String)}.  Note that
+     toString() is used instead of getMessage() because the former
+     prepends the exception type name to the message.
+  */
+  public static void sqlite3_result_error(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull Exception e
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_error(cx, e.toString());
+  }
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_error_code(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, int c
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_null(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_int(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, int v
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_int64(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, long v
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Binds the SQL result to the given object, or {@link
+     #sqlite3_result_null} if {@code o} is null. Use {@link
+     #sqlite3_value_java_object} to fetch it.
+
+     <p>This is implemented in terms of C's sqlite3_result_pointer(),
+     but that function is not exposed to JNI because (A)
+     cross-language semantic mismatch and (B) Java doesn't need that
+     argument for its intended purpose (type safety).
+
+     <p>Note that there is no sqlite3_column_java_object(), as the
+     C-level API has no sqlite3_column_pointer() to proxy.
+
+     @see #sqlite3_value_java_object
+     @see #sqlite3_bind_java_object
+  */
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_java_object(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull Object o
+  );
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull Boolean v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_int(cx, v ? 1 : 0);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, boolean v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_int(cx, v ? 1 : 0);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull Double v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_double(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, double v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_double(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull Integer v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_int(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(@NotNull sqlite3_context cx, int v){
+    sqlite3_result_int(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull Long v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_int64(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, long v
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_int64(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable String v
+  ){
+    if( null==v ) sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+    else sqlite3_result_text(cx, v);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_set(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] blob
+  ){
+    if( null==blob ) sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+    else sqlite3_result_blob(cx, blob, blob.length);
+  }
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_value(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @NotNull sqlite3_value v
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, int n
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, long n
+  );
+
+  /**
+     This overload is private because its final parameter is arguably
+     unnecessary in Java.
+  */
+  private static native void sqlite3_result_blob(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] blob, int maxLen
+  );
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_blob(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] blob
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_blob(cx, blob, (int)(null==blob ? 0 : blob.length));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Binds the given text using C's sqlite3_result_blob64() unless:
+
+     <ul>
+
+     <li>@param blob is null: translates to sqlite3_result_null()</li>
+
+     <li>@param blob is too large: translates to
+     sqlite3_result_error_toobig()</li>
+
+     </ul>
+
+     <p>If @param maxLen is larger than blob.length, it is truncated
+     to that value. If it is negative, results are undefined.</p>
+
+     <p>This overload is private because its final parameter is
+     arguably unnecessary in Java.</p>
+  */
+  private static native void sqlite3_result_blob64(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] blob, long maxLen
+  );
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_blob64(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] blob
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_blob64(cx, blob, (long)(null==blob ? 0 : blob.length));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     This overload is private because its final parameter is
+     arguably unnecessary in Java.
+  */
+  private static native void sqlite3_result_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] utf8, int maxLen
+  );
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] utf8
+  ){
+    sqlite3_result_text(cx, utf8, null==utf8 ? 0 : utf8.length);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_text(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable String text
+  ){
+    if(null == text) sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+    else{
+      final byte[] utf8 = text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+      sqlite3_result_text(cx, utf8, utf8.length);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Binds the given text using C's sqlite3_result_text64() unless:
+
+     <ul>
+
+     <li>text is null: translates to a call to sqlite3_result_null()</li>
+
+     <li>text is too large: translates to a call to
+     {@link #sqlite3_result_error_toobig}</li>
+
+     <li>The @param encoding argument has an invalid value: translates to
+     {@link sqlite3_result_error_code} with code SQLITE_FORMAT.</li>
+
+     </ul>
+
+     If maxLength (in bytes, not characters) is larger than
+     text.length, it is silently truncated to text.length. If it is
+     negative, results are undefined. If text is null, the subsequent
+     arguments are ignored.
+
+     This overload is private because its maxLength parameter is
+     arguably unnecessary in Java.
+  */
+  private static native void sqlite3_result_text64(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] text,
+    long maxLength, int encoding
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Sets the current UDF result to the given bytes, which are assumed
+     be encoded in UTF-16 using the platform's byte order.
+  */
+  public static void sqlite3_result_text16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable byte[] utf16
+  ){
+    if(null == utf16) sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+    else sqlite3_result_text64(cx, utf16, utf16.length, SQLITE_UTF16);
+  }
+
+  public static void sqlite3_result_text16(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, @Nullable String text
+  ){
+    if(null == text) sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+    else{
+      final byte[] b = text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_16);
+      sqlite3_result_text64(cx, b, b.length, SQLITE_UTF16);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static native RollbackHookCallback sqlite3_rollback_hook(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @Nullable RollbackHookCallback hook
+  );
+
+  public static RollbackHookCallback sqlite3_rollback_hook(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable RollbackHookCallback hook
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_rollback_hook(db.getNativePointer(), hook);
+  }
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable AuthorizerCallback auth
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_set_auxdata(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_context cx, int n, @Nullable Object data
+  );
+
+  public static native void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, long rowid
+  );
+
+
+  /**
+     In addition to calling the C-level sqlite3_shutdown(), the JNI
+     binding also cleans up all stale per-thread state managed by the
+     library, as well as any registered auto-extensions, and frees up
+     various bits of memory. Calling this while database handles or
+     prepared statements are still active will leak resources. Trying
+     to use those objects after this routine is called invoked
+     undefined behavior.
+  */
+  public static synchronized native int sqlite3_shutdown();
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_sleep(int ms);
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_sourceid();
+
+  public static native String sqlite3_sql(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  //! Consider removing this. We can use sqlite3_status64() instead,
+  // or use that one's impl with this one's name.
+  public static native int sqlite3_status(
+    int op, @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 pCurrent,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 pHighwater, boolean reset
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_status64(
+    int op, @NotNull OutputPointer.Int64 pCurrent,
+    @NotNull OutputPointer.Int64 pHighwater, boolean reset
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_step(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_stmt_busy(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  static native int sqlite3_stmt_explain(@NotNull long ptrToStmt, int op);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_stmt_explain(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int op){
+    return sqlite3_stmt_explain(stmt.getNativePointer(), op);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(@NotNull long ptrToStmt);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+    return sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(stmt.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native boolean sqlite3_stmt_readonly(@NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt);
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_stmt_status(
+    @NotNull sqlite3_stmt stmt, int op, boolean reset
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Internal impl of the public sqlite3_strglob() method. Neither
+     argument may be null and both must be NUL-terminated UTF-8.
+
+     This overload is private because: (A) to keep users from
+     inadvertently passing non-NUL-terminated byte arrays (an easy
+     thing to do). (B) it is cheaper to NUL-terminate the
+     String-to-byte-array conversion in the Java implementation
+     (sqlite3_strglob(String,String)) than to do that in C, so that
+     signature is the public-facing one.
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_strglob(
+    @NotNull byte[] glob, @NotNull byte[] nullTerminatedUtf8
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_strglob(
+    @NotNull String glob, @NotNull String txt
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_strglob(nulTerminateUtf8(glob),
+                           nulTerminateUtf8(txt));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     The LIKE counterpart of the private sqlite3_strglob() method.
+  */
+  private static native int sqlite3_strlike(
+    @NotNull byte[] glob, @NotNull byte[] nullTerminatedUtf8,
+    int escChar
+  );
+
+  public static int sqlite3_strlike(
+    @NotNull String glob, @NotNull String txt, char escChar
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_strlike(nulTerminateUtf8(glob),
+                           nulTerminateUtf8(txt),
+                           (int)escChar);
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_system_errno(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_system_errno(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_system_errno(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String zDbName,
+    @NotNull String zTableName, @NotNull String zColumnName,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.String pzDataType,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.String pzCollSeq,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Bool pNotNull,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Bool pPrimaryKey,
+    @Nullable OutputPointer.Bool pAutoinc
+  );
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which returns its results via a single
+     output object. If this function returns non-0 (error), the the
+     contents of the output object are not modified.
+  */
+  public static int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String zDbName,
+    @NotNull String zTableName, @NotNull String zColumnName,
+    @NotNull TableColumnMetadata out){
+    return sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+      db, zDbName, zTableName, zColumnName,
+      out.pzDataType, out.pzCollSeq, out.pNotNull,
+      out.pPrimaryKey, out.pAutoinc);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which returns the column metadata object on
+     success and null on error.
+  */
+  public static TableColumnMetadata sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @NotNull String zDbName,
+    @NotNull String zTableName, @NotNull String zColumnName){
+    final TableColumnMetadata out = new TableColumnMetadata();
+    return 0==sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+      db, zDbName, zTableName, zColumnName, out
+    ) ? out : null;
+  }
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_threadsafe();
+
+  static native int sqlite3_total_changes(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_total_changes(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_total_changes(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native long sqlite3_total_changes64(@NotNull long ptrToDb);
+
+  public static long sqlite3_total_changes64(@NotNull sqlite3 db){
+    return sqlite3_total_changes64(db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Works like C's sqlite3_trace_v2() except that the 3rd argument to that
+     function is elided here because the roles of that functions' 3rd and 4th
+     arguments are encapsulated in the final argument to this function.
+
+     <p>Unlike the C API, which is documented as always returning 0,
+     this implementation returns non-0 if initialization of the tracer
+     mapping state fails (e.g. on OOM).
+  */
+  public static native int sqlite3_trace_v2(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, int traceMask, @Nullable TraceV2Callback tracer
+  );
+
+  public static native int sqlite3_txn_state(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable String zSchema
+  );
+
+  static native UpdateHookCallback sqlite3_update_hook(
+    @NotNull long ptrToDb, @Nullable UpdateHookCallback hook
+  );
+
+  public static UpdateHookCallback sqlite3_update_hook(
+    @NotNull sqlite3 db, @Nullable UpdateHookCallback hook
+  ){
+    return sqlite3_update_hook(db.getNativePointer(), hook);
+  }
+
+  /*
+     Note that:
+
+     void * sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*)
+
+     Is not relevant in the JNI binding, as its feature is replaced by
+     the ability to pass an object, including any relevant state, to
+     sqlite3_create_function().
+  */
+
+  static native byte[] sqlite3_value_blob(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static byte[] sqlite3_value_blob(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_blob(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_bytes(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_bytes(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_bytes(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_bytes16(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_bytes16(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_bytes16(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native double sqlite3_value_double(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static double sqlite3_value_double(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_double(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native sqlite3_value sqlite3_value_dup(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static sqlite3_value sqlite3_value_dup(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_dup(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_encoding(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_encoding(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_encoding(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native void sqlite3_value_free(@Nullable long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static void sqlite3_value_free(@Nullable sqlite3_value v){
+    sqlite3_value_free(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native boolean sqlite3_value_frombind(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static boolean sqlite3_value_frombind(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_frombind(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_int(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_int(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_int(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native long sqlite3_value_int64(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static long sqlite3_value_int64(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_int64(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native Object sqlite3_value_java_object(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  /**
+     If the given value was set using {@link
+     #sqlite3_result_java_object} then this function returns that
+     object, else it returns null.
+
+     <p>It is up to the caller to inspect the object to determine its
+     type, and cast it if necessary.
+  */
+  public static Object sqlite3_value_java_object(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_java_object(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  /**
+     A variant of sqlite3_value_java_object() which returns the
+     fetched object cast to T if the object is an instance of the
+     given Class, else it returns null.
+  */
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  public static <T> T sqlite3_value_java_casted(@NotNull sqlite3_value v,
+                                                @NotNull Class<T> type){
+    final Object o = sqlite3_value_java_object(v);
+    return type.isInstance(o) ? (T)o : null;
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_nochange(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_nochange(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_nochange(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_numeric_type(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_subtype(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_subtype(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_subtype(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native byte[] sqlite3_value_text(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  /**
+     Functions identially to the C API, and this note is just to
+     stress that the returned bytes are encoded as UTF-8. It returns
+     null if the underlying C-level sqlite3_value_text() returns NULL
+     or on allocation error.
+  */
+  public static byte[] sqlite3_value_text(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_text(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native String sqlite3_value_text16(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static String sqlite3_value_text16(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_text16(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  static native int sqlite3_value_type(@NotNull long ptrToValue);
+
+  public static int sqlite3_value_type(@NotNull sqlite3_value v){
+    return sqlite3_value_type(v.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  /**
+     This is NOT part of the public API. It exists solely as a place
+     for this code's developers to collect internal metrics and such.
+     It has no stable interface. It may go way or change behavior at
+     any time.
+  */
+  public static native void sqlite3_jni_internal_details();
+
+  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+  // SQLITE_... constants follow...
+
+  // version info
+  public static final int SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER = sqlite3_libversion_number();
+  public static final String SQLITE_VERSION = sqlite3_libversion();
+  public static final String SQLITE_SOURCE_ID = sqlite3_sourceid();
+
+  // access
+  public static final int SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ACCESS_READ = 2;
+
+  // authorizer
+  public static final int SQLITE_DENY = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IGNORE = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DELETE = 9;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_INDEX = 10;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_TABLE = 11;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX = 12;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE = 13;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER = 14;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW = 15;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER = 16;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_VIEW = 17;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INSERT = 18;
+  public static final int SQLITE_PRAGMA = 19;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READ = 20;
+  public static final int SQLITE_SELECT = 21;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TRANSACTION = 22;
+  public static final int SQLITE_UPDATE = 23;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ATTACH = 24;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DETACH = 25;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE = 26;
+  public static final int SQLITE_REINDEX = 27;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ANALYZE = 28;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE = 29;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE = 30;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FUNCTION = 31;
+  public static final int SQLITE_SAVEPOINT = 32;
+  public static final int SQLITE_RECURSIVE = 33;
+
+  // blob finalizers: these should, because they are treated as
+  // special pointer values in C, ideally have the same sizeof() as
+  // the platform's (void*), but we can't know that size from here.
+  public static final long SQLITE_STATIC = 0;
+  public static final long SQLITE_TRANSIENT = -1;
+
+  // changeset
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_IGNORENOOP = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT = 2;
+
+  // config
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS = 9;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX = 10;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX = 11;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE = 13;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE = 14;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE = 15;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG = 16;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_URI = 17;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 = 18;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 = 19;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN = 20;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG = 21;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE = 22;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE = 23;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ = 24;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ = 25;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL = 26;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC = 27;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE = 28;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE = 29;
+
+  // data types
+  public static final int SQLITE_INTEGER = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FLOAT = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TEXT = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_BLOB = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NULL = 5;
+
+  // db config
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME = 1000;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE = 1001;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY = 1002;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER = 1003;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER = 1004;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION = 1005;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE = 1006;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG = 1007;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP = 1008;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE = 1009;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE = 1010;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA = 1011;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE = 1012;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML = 1013;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL = 1014;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW = 1015;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT = 1016;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA = 1017;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS = 1018;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER = 1019;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX = 1019;
+
+  // db status
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE = 9;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS = 10;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED = 11;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL = 12;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX = 12;
+
+  // encodings
+  public static final int SQLITE_UTF8 = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_UTF16LE = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_UTF16BE = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_UTF16 = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED = 8;
+
+  // fcntl
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY = 9;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL = 10;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE = 11;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME = 12;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE = 13;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA = 14;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER = 15;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME = 16;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE = 18;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE = 19;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED = 20;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC = 21;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO = 22;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE = 23;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK = 24;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS = 25;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU = 26;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER = 27;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER = 28;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE = 29;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB = 30;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE = 31;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE = 32;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE = 33;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT = 34;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION = 35;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT = 36;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE = 37;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES = 38;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START = 39;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER = 40;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE = 41;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE = 42;
+
+  // flock
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCK_NONE = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE = 4;
+
+  // iocap
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512 = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K = 16;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K = 32;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K = 64;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K = 128;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K = 256;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND = 512;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL = 1024;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN = 2048;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE = 4096;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE = 8192;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC = 16384;
+
+  // limits
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER = 9;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH = 10;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS = 11;
+
+  // open flags
+
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY     = 0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE    = 0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE       = 0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE  = 0x00000008  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE  = 0x00000010  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY  = 0x00000020  /* VFS only */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_URI          = 0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY       = 0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB    = 0x00000100  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB    = 0x00000200  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB  = 0x00000400  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL  = 0x00000800  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL  = 0x00001000  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL    = 0x00002000  /* VFS only */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL = 0x00004000  /* VFS only */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX       = 0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX     = 0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE   = 0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE  = 0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  //public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_WAL         = 0x00080000  /* VFS only */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW      = 0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE     = 0x02000000  /* Extended result codes */;
+
+  // prepare flags
+  public static final int SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB = 4;
+
+  // result codes
+  public static final int SQLITE_OK = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ERROR = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INTERNAL = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_PERM = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ABORT = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_BUSY = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCKED = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOMEM = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INTERRUPT = 9;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR = 10;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CORRUPT = 11;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOTFOUND = 12;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FULL = 13;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CANTOPEN = 14;
+  public static final int SQLITE_PROTOCOL = 15;
+  public static final int SQLITE_EMPTY = 16;
+  public static final int SQLITE_SCHEMA = 17;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TOOBIG = 18;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT = 19;
+  public static final int SQLITE_MISMATCH = 20;
+  public static final int SQLITE_MISUSE = 21;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOLFS = 22;
+  public static final int SQLITE_AUTH = 23;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FORMAT = 24;
+  public static final int SQLITE_RANGE = 25;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOTADB = 26;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOTICE = 27;
+  public static final int SQLITE_WARNING = 28;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ROW = 100;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DONE = 101;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ = 257;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY = 513;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT = 769;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_READ = 266;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ = 522;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE = 778;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC = 1034;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC = 1290;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE = 1546;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT = 1802;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK = 2058;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK = 2314;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE = 2570;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED = 2826;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM = 3082;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS = 3338;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK = 3594;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK = 3850;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE = 4106;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE = 4362;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN = 4618;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE = 4874;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK = 5130;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP = 5386;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK = 5642;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT = 5898;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP = 6154;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH = 6410;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH = 6666;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE = 6922;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH = 7178;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC = 7434;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC = 7690;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC = 7946;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_DATA = 8202;
+  public static final int SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS = 8458;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE = 262;
+  public static final int SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB = 518;
+  public static final int SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY = 261;
+  public static final int SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT = 517;
+  public static final int SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT = 773;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR = 270;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR = 526;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH = 782;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH = 1038;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK = 1550;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB = 267;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE = 523;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX = 779;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY = 264;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK = 520;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK = 776;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED = 1032;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT = 1288;
+  public static final int SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY = 1544;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK = 516;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK = 275;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK = 531;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY = 787;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION = 1043;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL = 1299;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY = 1555;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER = 1811;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE = 2067;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB = 2323;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID = 2579;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED = 2835;
+  public static final int SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE = 3091;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL = 283;
+  public static final int SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK = 539;
+  public static final int SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX = 284;
+  public static final int SQLITE_AUTH_USER = 279;
+  public static final int SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY = 256;
+
+  // serialize
+  public static final int SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE = 2;
+
+  // session
+  public static final int SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE = 1;
+
+  // sqlite3 status
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT = 9;
+
+  // stmt status
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE = 5;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN = 6;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS = 7;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED = 99;
+
+  // sync flags
+  public static final int SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_SYNC_FULL = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY = 16;
+
+  // tracing flags
+  public static final int SQLITE_TRACE_STMT = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TRACE_ROW = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE = 8;
+
+  // transaction state
+  public static final int SQLITE_TXN_NONE = 0;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TXN_READ = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_TXN_WRITE = 2;
+
+  // udf flags
+  public static final int SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC = 0x000000800;
+  public static final int SQLITE_DIRECTONLY    = 0x000080000;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INNOCUOUS     = 0x000200000;
+
+  // virtual tables
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE = 8;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT = 16;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE = 32;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH = 64;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE = 65;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB = 66;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP = 67;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE = 68;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT = 69;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL = 70;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL = 71;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS = 72;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT = 73;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET = 74;
+  public static final int SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION = 150;
+  public static final int SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS = 2;
+  public static final int SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS = 4;
+  public static final int SQLITE_ROLLBACK = 1;
+  public static final int SQLITE_FAIL = 3;
+  public static final int SQLITE_REPLACE = 5;
+  static {
+    // This MUST come after the SQLITE_MAX_... values or else
+    // attempting to modify them silently fails.
+    init();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CallbackProxy.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CallbackProxy.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04957025
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CallbackProxy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+/**
+   This marker interface exists soley for use as a documentation and
+   class-grouping tool. It should be applied to interfaces or
+   classes which have a call() method implementing some specific
+   callback interface on behalf of the C library.
+
+   <p>Unless very explicitely documented otherwise, callbacks must
+   never throw. Any which do throw but should not might trigger debug
+   output regarding the error, but the exception will not be
+   propagated.  For callback interfaces which support returning error
+   info to the core, the JNI binding will convert any exceptions to
+   C-level error information. For callback interfaces which do not
+   support, all exceptions will necessarily be suppressed in order to
+   retain the C-style no-throw semantics.
+
+   <p>Callbacks of this style follow a common naming convention:
+
+   <p>1) They use the UpperCamelCase form of the C function they're
+   proxying for, minus the {@code sqlite3_} prefix, plus a {@code
+   Callback} suffix. e.g. {@code sqlite3_busy_handler()}'s callback is
+   named {@code BusyHandlerCallback}. Exceptions are made where that
+   would potentially be ambiguous, e.g. {@link ConfigSqllogCallback}
+   instead of {@code ConfigCallback} because the {@code
+   sqlite3_config()} interface may need to support more callback types
+   in the future.
+
+   <p>2) They all have a {@code call()} method but its signature is
+   callback-specific.
+*/
+public interface CallbackProxy {}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ed8bd094
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.NotNull;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_create_collation}.
+
+   @see AbstractCollationCallback
+*/
+public interface CollationCallback
+  extends CallbackProxy, XDestroyCallback {
+  /**
+     Must compare the given byte arrays and return the result using
+     {@code memcmp()} semantics.
+  */
+  int call(@NotNull byte[] lhs, @NotNull byte[] rhs);
+
+  /**
+     Called by SQLite when the collation is destroyed. If a collation
+     requires custom cleanup, override this method.
+  */
+  void xDestroy();
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationNeededCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationNeededCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fe61fe50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationNeededCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_collation_needed}.
+*/
+public interface CollationNeededCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Has the same semantics as the C-level sqlite3_create_collation()
+     callback.
+
+     <p>If it throws, the exception message is passed on to the db and
+     the exception is suppressed.
+  */
+  int call(sqlite3 db, int eTextRep, String collationName);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CommitHookCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CommitHookCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..24373bdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CommitHookCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_commit_hook}.
+*/
+public interface CommitHookCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Works as documented for the C-level sqlite3_commit_hook()
+     callback.  Must not throw.
+  */
+  int call();
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigLogCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigLogCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6513b073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigLogCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-23
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A callback for use with sqlite3_config().
+*/
+public interface ConfigLogCallback {
+  /**
+     Must function as described for a C-level callback for
+     {@link CApi#sqlite3_config(ConfigLogCallback)}, with the slight signature change.
+  */
+  void call(int errCode, String msg);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigSqllogCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigSqllogCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..df753e65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigSqllogCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-23
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A callback for use with sqlite3_config().
+*/
+public interface ConfigSqllogCallback {
+  /**
+     Must function as described for a C-level callback for
+     {@link CApi#sqlite3_config(ConfigSqllogCallback)}, with the slight signature change.
+  */
+  void call(sqlite3 db, String msg, int msgType );
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/NativePointerHolder.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/NativePointerHolder.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e82909e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/NativePointerHolder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A helper for passing pointers between JNI C code and Java, in
+   particular for output pointers of high-level object types in the
+   sqlite3 C API, e.g. (sqlite3**) and (sqlite3_stmt**).  This is
+   intended to be subclassed and the ContextType is intended to be the
+   class which is doing the subclassing. The intent of the ContextType
+   is strictly to provide some level of type safety by avoiding that
+   NativePointerHolder is not inadvertently passed to an incompatible
+   function signature.
+
+   These objects do not own the pointer they refer to.  They are
+   intended simply to communicate that pointer between C and Java.
+*/
+public class NativePointerHolder<ContextType> {
+  //! Only set from JNI, where access permissions don't matter.
+  private volatile long nativePointer = 0;
+  /**
+     For use ONLY by package-level APIs which act as proxies for
+     close/finalize operations. Such ops must call this to zero out
+     the pointer so that this object is not carrying a stale
+     pointer. This function returns the prior value of the pointer and
+     sets it to 0.
+  */
+  final long clearNativePointer() {
+    final long rv = nativePointer;
+    nativePointer= 0;
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  public final long getNativePointer(){ return nativePointer; }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60b90253
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Helper classes for handling JNI output pointers.
+
+   <p>We do not use a generic OutputPointer<T> because working with those
+   from the native JNI code is unduly quirky due to a lack of
+   autoboxing at that level.
+
+   <p>The usage is similar for all of thes types:
+
+   <pre>{@code
+   OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+   assert( null==out.get() );
+   int rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", out);
+   if( 0!=rc ) ... error;
+   assert( null!=out.get() );
+   sqlite3 db = out.take();
+   assert( null==out.get() );
+   }</pre>
+
+   <p>With the minor exception that the primitive types permit direct
+   access to the object's value via the `value` property, whereas the
+   JNI-level opaque types do not permit client-level code to set that
+   property.
+
+   <p>Warning: do not share instances of these classes across
+   threads. Doing so may lead to corrupting sqlite3-internal state.
+*/
+public final class OutputPointer {
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with routines, such as sqlite3_open(),
+     which return a database handle via an output pointer. These
+     pointers can only be set by the JNI layer, not by client-level
+     code.
+  */
+  public static final class sqlite3 {
+    private org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3 value;
+    /** Initializes with a null value. */
+    public sqlite3(){value = null;}
+    /** Sets the current value to null. */
+    public void clear(){value = null;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3 get(){return value;}
+    /** Equivalent to calling get() then clear(). */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3 take(){
+      final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3 v = value;
+      value = null;
+      return v;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for sqlite3_blob_open(). These
+     pointers can only be set by the JNI layer, not by client-level
+     code.
+  */
+  public static final class sqlite3_blob {
+    private org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_blob value;
+    /** Initializes with a null value. */
+    public sqlite3_blob(){value = null;}
+    /** Sets the current value to null. */
+    public void clear(){value = null;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_blob get(){return value;}
+    /** Equivalent to calling get() then clear(). */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_blob take(){
+      final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_blob v = value;
+      value = null;
+      return v;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with routines, such as sqlite3_prepare(),
+     which return a statement handle via an output pointer. These
+     pointers can only be set by the JNI layer, not by client-level
+     code.
+  */
+  public static final class sqlite3_stmt {
+    private org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_stmt value;
+    /** Initializes with a null value. */
+    public sqlite3_stmt(){value = null;}
+    /** Sets the current value to null. */
+    public void clear(){value = null;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_stmt get(){return value;}
+    /** Equivalent to calling get() then clear(). */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_stmt take(){
+      final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_stmt v = value;
+      value = null;
+      return v;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with routines, such as sqlite3_prepupdate_new(),
+     which return a sqlite3_value handle via an output pointer. These
+     pointers can only be set by the JNI layer, not by client-level
+     code.
+  */
+  public static final class sqlite3_value {
+    private org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value value;
+    /** Initializes with a null value. */
+    public sqlite3_value(){value = null;}
+    /** Sets the current value to null. */
+    public void clear(){value = null;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value get(){return value;}
+    /** Equivalent to calling get() then clear(). */
+    public final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value take(){
+      final org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value v = value;
+      value = null;
+      return v;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with native routines which return booleans
+     via integer output pointers.
+  */
+  public static final class Bool {
+    /**
+       This is public for ease of use. Accessors are provided for
+       consistency with the higher-level types.
+    */
+    public boolean value;
+    /** Initializes with the value 0. */
+    public Bool(){this(false);}
+    /** Initializes with the value v. */
+    public Bool(boolean v){value = v;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final boolean get(){return value;}
+    /** Sets the current value to v. */
+    public final void set(boolean v){value = v;}
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with native routines which return integers via
+     output pointers.
+  */
+  public static final class Int32 {
+    /**
+       This is public for ease of use. Accessors are provided for
+       consistency with the higher-level types.
+    */
+    public int value;
+    /** Initializes with the value 0. */
+    public Int32(){this(0);}
+    /** Initializes with the value v. */
+    public Int32(int v){value = v;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final int get(){return value;}
+    /** Sets the current value to v. */
+    public final void set(int v){value = v;}
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with native routines which return 64-bit integers
+     via output pointers.
+  */
+  public static final class Int64 {
+    /**
+       This is public for ease of use. Accessors are provided for
+       consistency with the higher-level types.
+    */
+    public long value;
+    /** Initializes with the value 0. */
+    public Int64(){this(0);}
+    /** Initializes with the value v. */
+    public Int64(long v){value = v;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final long get(){return value;}
+    /** Sets the current value. */
+    public final void set(long v){value = v;}
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with native routines which return strings via
+     output pointers.
+  */
+  public static final class String {
+    /**
+       This is public for ease of use. Accessors are provided for
+       consistency with the higher-level types.
+    */
+    public java.lang.String value;
+    /** Initializes with a null value. */
+    public String(){this(null);}
+    /** Initializes with the value v. */
+    public String(java.lang.String v){value = v;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final java.lang.String get(){return value;}
+    /** Sets the current value. */
+    public final void set(java.lang.String v){value = v;}
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Output pointer for use with native routines which return byte
+     arrays via output pointers.
+  */
+  public static final class ByteArray {
+    /**
+       This is public for ease of use. Accessors are provided for
+       consistency with the higher-level types.
+    */
+    public byte[] value;
+    /** Initializes with the value null. */
+    public ByteArray(){this(null);}
+    /** Initializes with the value v. */
+    public ByteArray(byte[] v){value = v;}
+    /** Returns the current value. */
+    public final byte[] get(){return value;}
+    /** Sets the current value. */
+    public final void set(byte[] v){value = v;}
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PrepareMultiCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PrepareMultiCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1c805a9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PrepareMultiCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+** 2023-09-13
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_prepare_multi}.
+*/
+public interface PrepareMultiCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+
+  /**
+     Gets passed a sqlite3_stmt which it may handle in arbitrary ways,
+     transfering ownership of it to this function.
+
+     sqlite3_prepare_multi() will _not_ finalize st - it is up
+     to the call() implementation how st is handled.
+
+     Must return 0 on success or an SQLITE_... code on error.
+
+     See the {@link Finalize} class for a wrapper which finalizes the
+     statement after calling a proxy PrepareMultiCallback.
+  */
+  int call(sqlite3_stmt st);
+
+  /**
+     A PrepareMultiCallback impl which wraps a separate impl and finalizes
+     any sqlite3_stmt passed to its callback.
+  */
+  public static final class Finalize implements PrepareMultiCallback {
+    private PrepareMultiCallback p;
+    /**
+       p is the proxy to call() when this.call() is called.
+    */
+    public Finalize( PrepareMultiCallback p ){
+      this.p = p;
+    }
+    /**
+       Calls the call() method of the proxied callback and either returns its
+       result or propagates an exception. Either way, it passes its argument to
+       sqlite3_finalize() before returning.
+    */
+    @Override public int call(sqlite3_stmt st){
+      try {
+        return this.p.call(st);
+      }finally{
+        CApi.sqlite3_finalize(st);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     A PrepareMultiCallback impl which steps entirely through a result set,
+     ignoring all non-error results.
+  */
+  public static final class StepAll implements PrepareMultiCallback {
+    public StepAll(){}
+    /**
+       Calls sqlite3_step() on st until it returns something other than
+       SQLITE_ROW. If the final result is SQLITE_DONE then 0 is returned,
+       else the result of the final step is returned.
+    */
+    @Override public int call(sqlite3_stmt st){
+      int rc = CApi.SQLITE_DONE;
+      while( CApi.SQLITE_ROW == (rc = CApi.sqlite3_step(st)) ){}
+      return CApi.SQLITE_DONE==rc ? 0 : rc;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PreupdateHookCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PreupdateHookCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..99d3fb03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PreupdateHookCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_preupdate_hook}.
+*/
+public interface PreupdateHookCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Must function as described for the C-level sqlite3_preupdate_hook()
+     callback.
+  */
+  void call(sqlite3 db, int op, String dbName, String dbTable,
+            long iKey1, long iKey2 );
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ProgressHandlerCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ProgressHandlerCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..464baa2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ProgressHandlerCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_progress_handler}.
+*/
+public interface ProgressHandlerCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Works as documented for the C-level sqlite3_progress_handler() callback.
+
+     <p>If it throws, the exception message is passed on to the db and
+     the exception is suppressed.
+  */
+  int call();
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ResultCode.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ResultCode.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5a8b2e6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ResultCode.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   This enum contains all of the core and "extended" result codes used
+   by the sqlite3 library. It is provided not for use with the C-style
+   API (with which it won't work) but for higher-level code which may
+   find it useful to map SQLite result codes to human-readable names.
+*/
+public enum ResultCode {
+  SQLITE_OK(CApi.SQLITE_OK),
+  SQLITE_ERROR(CApi.SQLITE_ERROR),
+  SQLITE_INTERNAL(CApi.SQLITE_INTERNAL),
+  SQLITE_PERM(CApi.SQLITE_PERM),
+  SQLITE_ABORT(CApi.SQLITE_ABORT),
+  SQLITE_BUSY(CApi.SQLITE_BUSY),
+  SQLITE_LOCKED(CApi.SQLITE_LOCKED),
+  SQLITE_NOMEM(CApi.SQLITE_NOMEM),
+  SQLITE_READONLY(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY),
+  SQLITE_INTERRUPT(CApi.SQLITE_INTERRUPT),
+  SQLITE_IOERR(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR),
+  SQLITE_CORRUPT(CApi.SQLITE_CORRUPT),
+  SQLITE_NOTFOUND(CApi.SQLITE_NOTFOUND),
+  SQLITE_FULL(CApi.SQLITE_FULL),
+  SQLITE_CANTOPEN(CApi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN),
+  SQLITE_PROTOCOL(CApi.SQLITE_PROTOCOL),
+  SQLITE_EMPTY(CApi.SQLITE_EMPTY),
+  SQLITE_SCHEMA(CApi.SQLITE_SCHEMA),
+  SQLITE_TOOBIG(CApi.SQLITE_TOOBIG),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT),
+  SQLITE_MISMATCH(CApi.SQLITE_MISMATCH),
+  SQLITE_MISUSE(CApi.SQLITE_MISUSE),
+  SQLITE_NOLFS(CApi.SQLITE_NOLFS),
+  SQLITE_AUTH(CApi.SQLITE_AUTH),
+  SQLITE_FORMAT(CApi.SQLITE_FORMAT),
+  SQLITE_RANGE(CApi.SQLITE_RANGE),
+  SQLITE_NOTADB(CApi.SQLITE_NOTADB),
+  SQLITE_NOTICE(CApi.SQLITE_NOTICE),
+  SQLITE_WARNING(CApi.SQLITE_WARNING),
+  SQLITE_ROW(CApi.SQLITE_ROW),
+  SQLITE_DONE(CApi.SQLITE_DONE),
+  SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ(CApi.SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ),
+  SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY(CApi.SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY),
+  SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT(CApi.SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_READ(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_READ),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_DATA(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_DATA),
+  SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS(CApi.SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS),
+  SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE(CApi.SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE),
+  SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB(CApi.SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB),
+  SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY(CApi.SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY),
+  SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT(CApi.SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT),
+  SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT(CApi.SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT),
+  SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR(CApi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR),
+  SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR(CApi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR),
+  SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH(CApi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH),
+  SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH(CApi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH),
+  SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK(CApi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK),
+  SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB(CApi.SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB),
+  SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE(CApi.SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE),
+  SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX(CApi.SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX),
+  SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY),
+  SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK),
+  SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK),
+  SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED),
+  SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT),
+  SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY(CApi.SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY),
+  SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK(CApi.SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED),
+  SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE(CApi.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE),
+  SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL(CApi.SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL),
+  SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK(CApi.SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK),
+  SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX(CApi.SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX),
+  SQLITE_AUTH_USER(CApi.SQLITE_AUTH_USER),
+  SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY(CApi.SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY);
+
+  public final int value;
+
+  ResultCode(int rc){
+    value = rc;
+    ResultCodeMap.set(rc, this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Returns the entry from this enum for the given result code, or
+     null if no match is found.
+  */
+  public static ResultCode getEntryForInt(int rc){
+    return ResultCodeMap.get(rc);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Internal level of indirection required because we cannot initialize
+     static enum members in an enum before the enum constructor is
+     invoked.
+  */
+  private static final class ResultCodeMap {
+    private static final java.util.Map<Integer,ResultCode> i2e
+      = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+    private static void set(int rc, ResultCode e){ i2e.put(rc, e); }
+    private static ResultCode get(int rc){ return i2e.get(rc); }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/RollbackHookCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/RollbackHookCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5ce17e71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/RollbackHookCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_rollback_hook}.
+*/
+public interface RollbackHookCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Works as documented for the C-level sqlite3_rollback_hook()
+     callback.
+  */
+  void call();
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4806e2fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-22
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   SQLFunction is used in conjunction with the
+   sqlite3_create_function() JNI-bound API to give that native code
+   access to the callback functions needed in order to implement SQL
+   functions in Java.
+
+   <p>
+
+   This class is not used by itself, but is a marker base class. The
+   three UDF types are modelled by the inner classes Scalar,
+   Aggregate<T>, and Window<T>. Most simply, clients may subclass
+   those, or create anonymous classes from them, to implement
+   UDFs. Clients are free to create their own classes for use with
+   UDFs, so long as they conform to the public interfaces defined by
+   those three classes. The JNI layer only actively relies on the
+   SQLFunction base class and the method names and signatures used by
+   the UDF callback interfaces.
+*/
+public interface SQLFunction {
+
+  /**
+     PerContextState assists aggregate and window functions in
+     managing their accumulator state across calls to the UDF's
+     callbacks.
+
+     <p>T must be of a type which can be legally stored as a value in
+     java.util.HashMap<KeyType,T>.
+
+     <p>If a given aggregate or window function is called multiple times
+     in a single SQL statement, e.g. SELECT MYFUNC(A), MYFUNC(B)...,
+     then the clients need some way of knowing which call is which so
+     that they can map their state between their various UDF callbacks
+     and reset it via xFinal(). This class takes care of such
+     mappings.
+
+     <p>This class works by mapping
+     sqlite3_context.getAggregateContext() to a single piece of
+     state, of a client-defined type (the T part of this class), which
+     persists across a "matching set" of the UDF's callbacks.
+
+     <p>This class is a helper providing commonly-needed functionality
+     - it is not required for use with aggregate or window functions.
+     Client UDFs are free to perform such mappings using custom
+     approaches. The provided {@link AggregateFunction} and {@link
+     WindowFunction} classes use this.
+  */
+  public static final class PerContextState<T> {
+    private final java.util.Map<Long,ValueHolder<T>> map
+      = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+       Should be called from a UDF's xStep(), xValue(), and xInverse()
+       methods, passing it that method's first argument and an initial
+       value for the persistent state. If there is currently no
+       mapping for the given context within the map, one is created
+       using the given initial value, else the existing one is used
+       and the 2nd argument is ignored.  It returns a ValueHolder<T>
+       which can be used to modify that state directly without
+       requiring that the client update the underlying map's entry.
+
+       <p>The caller is obligated to eventually call
+       takeAggregateState() to clear the mapping.
+    */
+    public ValueHolder<T> getAggregateState(sqlite3_context cx, T initialValue){
+      final Long key = cx.getAggregateContext(true);
+      ValueHolder<T> rc = null==key ? null : map.get(key);
+      if( null==rc ){
+        map.put(key, rc = new ValueHolder<>(initialValue));
+      }
+      return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Should be called from a UDF's xFinal() method and passed that
+       method's first argument. This function removes the value
+       associated with cx.getAggregateContext() from the map and
+       returns it, returning null if no other UDF method has been
+       called to set up such a mapping. The latter condition will be
+       the case if a UDF is used in a statement which has no result
+       rows.
+    */
+    public T takeAggregateState(sqlite3_context cx){
+      final ValueHolder<T> h = map.remove(cx.getAggregateContext(false));
+      return null==h ? null : h.value;
+    }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLTester.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLTester.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81d6106b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLTester.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1433 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-08
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains the main application entry pointer for the
+** SQLTester framework.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.regex.*;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+
+/**
+   Modes for how to escape (or not) column values and names from
+   SQLTester.execSql() to the result buffer output.
+*/
+enum ResultBufferMode {
+  //! Do not append to result buffer
+  NONE,
+  //! Append output escaped.
+  ESCAPED,
+  //! Append output as-is
+  ASIS
+};
+
+/**
+   Modes to specify how to emit multi-row output from
+   SQLTester.execSql() to the result buffer.
+*/
+enum ResultRowMode {
+  //! Keep all result rows on one line, space-separated.
+  ONELINE,
+  //! Add a newline between each result row.
+  NEWLINE
+};
+
+/**
+   Base exception type for test-related failures.
+*/
+class SQLTesterException extends RuntimeException {
+  private boolean bFatal = false;
+
+  SQLTesterException(String msg){
+    super(msg);
+  }
+
+  protected SQLTesterException(String msg, boolean fatal){
+    super(msg);
+    bFatal = fatal;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Indicates whether the framework should consider this exception
+     type as immediately fatal to the test run or not.
+  */
+  final boolean isFatal(){ return bFatal; }
+}
+
+class DbException extends SQLTesterException {
+  DbException(sqlite3 db, int rc, boolean closeDb){
+    super("DB error #"+rc+": "+sqlite3_errmsg(db),true);
+    if( closeDb ) sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+  DbException(sqlite3 db, int rc){
+    this(db, rc, false);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+   Generic test-failed exception.
+ */
+class TestScriptFailed extends SQLTesterException {
+  public TestScriptFailed(TestScript ts, String msg){
+    super(ts.getOutputPrefix()+": "+msg, true);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+   Thrown when an unknown test command is encountered in a script.
+*/
+class UnknownCommand extends SQLTesterException {
+  public UnknownCommand(TestScript ts, String cmd){
+    super(ts.getOutputPrefix()+": unknown command: "+cmd, false);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+   Thrown when an "incompatible directive" is found in a script.  This
+   can be the presence of a C-preprocessor construct, specific
+   metadata tags within a test script's header, or specific test
+   constructs which are incompatible with this particular
+   implementation.
+*/
+class IncompatibleDirective extends SQLTesterException {
+  public IncompatibleDirective(TestScript ts, String line){
+    super(ts.getOutputPrefix()+": incompatible directive: "+line, false);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+   Console output utility class.
+*/
+class Outer {
+  private int verbosity = 0;
+
+  static void out(Object val){
+    System.out.print(val);
+  }
+
+  Outer out(Object... vals){
+    for(Object v : vals) out(v);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  Outer outln(Object... vals){
+    out(vals).out("\n");
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  Outer verbose(Object... vals){
+    if(verbosity>0){
+      out("VERBOSE",(verbosity>1 ? "+: " : ": ")).outln(vals);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  void setVerbosity(int level){
+    verbosity = level;
+  }
+
+  int getVerbosity(){
+    return verbosity;
+  }
+
+  public boolean isVerbose(){return verbosity > 0;}
+
+}
+
+/**
+   <p>This class provides an application which aims to implement the
+   rudimentary SQL-driven test tool described in the accompanying
+   {@code test-script-interpreter.md}.
+
+   <p>This class is an internal testing tool, not part of the public
+   interface but is (A) in the same package as the library because
+   access permissions require it to be so and (B) the JDK8 javadoc
+   offers no way to filter individual classes out of the doc
+   generation process (it can only exclude packages, but see (A)).
+
+   <p>An instance of this application provides a core set of services
+   which TestScript instances use for processing testing logic.
+   TestScripts, in turn, delegate the concrete test work to Command
+   objects, which the TestScript parses on their behalf.
+*/
+public class SQLTester {
+  //! List of input script files.
+  private final java.util.List<String> listInFiles = new ArrayList<>();
+  //! Console output utility.
+  private final Outer outer = new Outer();
+  //! Test input buffer.
+  private final StringBuilder inputBuffer = new StringBuilder();
+  //! Test result buffer.
+  private final StringBuilder resultBuffer = new StringBuilder();
+  //! Buffer for REQUIRED_PROPERTIES pragmas.
+  private final StringBuilder dbInitSql = new StringBuilder();
+  //! Output representation of SQL NULL.
+  private String nullView = "nil";
+  //! Total tests run.
+  private int nTotalTest = 0;
+  //! Total test script files run.
+  private int nTestFile = 0;
+  //! Number of scripts which were aborted.
+  private int nAbortedScript = 0;
+  //! Incremented by test case handlers
+  private int nTest = 0;
+  //! True to enable column name output from execSql()
+  private boolean emitColNames;
+  //! True to keep going regardless of how a test fails.
+  private boolean keepGoing = false;
+  //! The list of available db handles.
+  private final sqlite3[] aDb = new sqlite3[7];
+  //! Index into aDb of the current db.
+  private int iCurrentDb = 0;
+  //! Name of the default db, re-created for each script.
+  private final String initialDbName = "test.db";
+
+
+  public SQLTester(){
+    reset();
+  }
+
+  void setVerbosity(int level){
+    this.outer.setVerbosity( level );
+  }
+  int getVerbosity(){
+    return this.outer.getVerbosity();
+  }
+  boolean isVerbose(){
+    return this.outer.isVerbose();
+  }
+
+  void outputColumnNames(boolean b){ emitColNames = b; }
+
+  void verbose(Object... vals){
+    outer.verbose(vals);
+  }
+
+  void outln(Object... vals){
+    outer.outln(vals);
+  }
+
+  void out(Object... vals){
+    outer.out(vals);
+  }
+
+  //! Adds the given test script to the to-test list.
+  public void addTestScript(String filename){
+    listInFiles.add(filename);
+    //verbose("Added file ",filename);
+  }
+
+  private void setupInitialDb() throws DbException {
+    if( null==aDb[0] ){
+      Util.unlink(initialDbName);
+      openDb(0, initialDbName, true);
+    }else{
+      outln("WARNING: setupInitialDb() unexpectedly ",
+            "triggered while it is opened.");
+    }
+  }
+
+  static final String[] startEmoji = {
+    "🚴", "🏄", "🏇", "🤸", "⛹", "🏊", "⛷", "🧗", "🏋"
+  };
+  static final int nStartEmoji = startEmoji.length;
+  static int iStartEmoji = 0;
+
+  private static String nextStartEmoji(){
+    return startEmoji[iStartEmoji++ % nStartEmoji];
+  }
+
+  public void runTests() throws Exception {
+    final long tStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    for(String f : listInFiles){
+      reset();
+      ++nTestFile;
+      final TestScript ts = new TestScript(f);
+      outln(nextStartEmoji(), " starting [",f,"]");
+      boolean threw = false;
+      final long timeStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
+      try{
+        ts.run(this);
+      }catch(SQLTesterException e){
+        threw = true;
+        outln("🔥EXCEPTION: ",e.getClass().getSimpleName(),": ",e.getMessage());
+        ++nAbortedScript;
+        if( keepGoing ) outln("Continuing anyway becaure of the keep-going option.");
+        else if( e.isFatal() ) throw e;
+      }finally{
+        final long timeEnd = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        outln("🏁",(threw ? "❌" : "✅")," ",nTest," test(s) in ",
+              (timeEnd-timeStart),"ms.");
+      }
+    }
+    final long tEnd = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    outln("Total run-time: ",(tEnd-tStart),"ms");
+    Util.unlink(initialDbName);
+  }
+
+  private StringBuilder clearBuffer(StringBuilder b){
+    b.setLength(0);;
+    return b;
+  }
+
+  StringBuilder clearInputBuffer(){
+    return clearBuffer(inputBuffer);
+  }
+
+  StringBuilder clearResultBuffer(){
+    return clearBuffer(resultBuffer);
+  }
+
+  StringBuilder getInputBuffer(){ return inputBuffer; }
+
+  void appendInput(String n, boolean addNL){
+    inputBuffer.append(n);
+    if(addNL) inputBuffer.append('\n');
+  }
+
+  void appendResult(String n, boolean addNL){
+    resultBuffer.append(n);
+    if(addNL) resultBuffer.append('\n');
+  }
+
+  void appendDbInitSql(String n) throws DbException {
+    dbInitSql.append(n).append('\n');
+    if( null!=getCurrentDb() ){
+      //outln("RUNNING DB INIT CODE: ",n);
+      execSql(null, true, ResultBufferMode.NONE, null, n);
+    }
+  }
+  String getDbInitSql(){ return dbInitSql.toString(); }
+
+  String getInputText(){ return inputBuffer.toString(); }
+
+  String getResultText(){ return resultBuffer.toString(); }
+
+  private String takeBuffer(StringBuilder b){
+    final String rc = b.toString();
+    clearBuffer(b);
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  String takeInputBuffer(){ return takeBuffer(inputBuffer); }
+
+  String takeResultBuffer(){ return takeBuffer(resultBuffer); }
+
+  int getCurrentDbId(){ return iCurrentDb; }
+
+  SQLTester affirmDbId(int n) throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {
+    if(n<0 || n>=aDb.length){
+      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("illegal db number: "+n);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  sqlite3 setCurrentDb(int n) throws Exception{
+    affirmDbId(n);
+    iCurrentDb = n;
+    return this.aDb[n];
+  }
+
+  sqlite3 getCurrentDb(){ return aDb[iCurrentDb]; }
+
+  sqlite3 getDbById(int id) throws Exception{
+    return affirmDbId(id).aDb[id];
+  }
+
+  void closeDb(int id) {
+    final sqlite3 db = affirmDbId(id).aDb[id];
+    if( null != db ){
+      sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+      aDb[id] = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void closeDb() { closeDb(iCurrentDb); }
+
+  void closeAllDbs(){
+    for(int i = 0; i<aDb.length; ++i){
+      sqlite3_close_v2(aDb[i]);
+      aDb[i] = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  sqlite3 openDb(String name, boolean createIfNeeded) throws DbException {
+    closeDb();
+    int flags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+    if( createIfNeeded ) flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    int rc = sqlite3_open_v2(name, out, flags, null);
+    final sqlite3 db = out.take();
+    if( 0==rc && dbInitSql.length() > 0){
+      //outln("RUNNING DB INIT CODE: ",dbInitSql.toString());
+      rc = execSql(db, false, ResultBufferMode.NONE,
+                   null, dbInitSql.toString());
+    }
+    if( 0!=rc ){
+      throw new DbException(db, rc, true);
+    }
+    return aDb[iCurrentDb] = db;
+  }
+
+  sqlite3 openDb(int slot, String name, boolean createIfNeeded) throws DbException {
+    affirmDbId(slot);
+    iCurrentDb = slot;
+    return openDb(name, createIfNeeded);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Resets all tester context state except for that related to
+     tracking running totals.
+  */
+  void reset(){
+    clearInputBuffer();
+    clearResultBuffer();
+    clearBuffer(dbInitSql);
+    closeAllDbs();
+    nTest = 0;
+    nullView = "nil";
+    emitColNames = false;
+    iCurrentDb = 0;
+    //dbInitSql.append("SELECT 1;");
+  }
+
+  void setNullValue(String v){nullView = v;}
+
+  /**
+     If true, encountering an unknown command in a script causes the
+     remainder of the script to be skipped, rather than aborting the
+     whole script run.
+  */
+  boolean skipUnknownCommands(){
+    // Currently hard-coded. Potentially a flag someday.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  void incrementTestCounter(){ ++nTest; ++nTotalTest; }
+
+  //! "Special" characters - we have to escape output if it contains any.
+  static final Pattern patternSpecial = Pattern.compile(
+    "[\\x00-\\x20\\x22\\x5c\\x7b\\x7d]"
+  );
+  //! Either of '{' or '}'.
+  static final Pattern patternSquiggly = Pattern.compile("[{}]");
+
+  /**
+     Returns v or some escaped form of v, as defined in the tester's
+     spec doc.
+  */
+  String escapeSqlValue(String v){
+    if( "".equals(v) ) return "{}";
+    Matcher m = patternSpecial.matcher(v);
+    if( !m.find() ){
+      return v  /* no escaping needed */;
+    }
+    m = patternSquiggly.matcher(v);
+    if( !m.find() ){
+      return "{"+v+"}";
+    }
+    final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("\"");
+    final int n = v.length();
+    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
+      final char ch = v.charAt(i);
+      switch(ch){
+        case '\\': sb.append("\\\\"); break;
+        case '"': sb.append("\\\""); break;
+        default:
+          //verbose("CHAR ",(int)ch," ",ch," octal=",String.format("\\%03o", (int)ch));
+          if( (int)ch < 32 ) sb.append(String.format("\\%03o", (int)ch));
+          else sb.append(ch);
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+    sb.append("\"");
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
+
+  private void appendDbErr(sqlite3 db, StringBuilder sb, int rc){
+    sb.append(org.sqlite.jni.capi.ResultCode.getEntryForInt(rc)).append(' ');
+    final String msg = escapeSqlValue(sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+    if( '{' == msg.charAt(0) ){
+      sb.append(msg);
+    }else{
+      sb.append('{').append(msg).append('}');
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Runs SQL on behalf of test commands and outputs the results following
+     the very specific rules of the test framework.
+
+     If db is null, getCurrentDb() is assumed. If throwOnError is true then
+     any db-side error will result in an exception, else they result in
+     the db's result code.
+
+     appendMode specifies how/whether to append results to the result
+     buffer. rowMode specifies whether to output all results in a
+     single line or one line per row. If appendMode is
+     ResultBufferMode.NONE then rowMode is ignored and may be null.
+  */
+  public int execSql(sqlite3 db, boolean throwOnError,
+                     ResultBufferMode appendMode, ResultRowMode rowMode,
+                     String sql) throws SQLTesterException {
+    if( null==db && null==aDb[0] ){
+      // Delay opening of the initial db to enable tests to change its
+      // name and inject on-connect code via, e.g., the MEMDB
+      // directive.  this setup as the potential to misinteract with
+      // auto-extension timing and must be done carefully.
+      setupInitialDb();
+    }
+    final OutputPointer.Int32 oTail = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    final byte[] sqlUtf8 = sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    if( null==db ) db = getCurrentDb();
+    int pos = 0, n = 1;
+    byte[] sqlChunk = sqlUtf8;
+    int rc = 0;
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = null;
+    int spacing = 0 /* emit a space for --result if>0 */ ;
+    final StringBuilder sb = (ResultBufferMode.NONE==appendMode)
+      ? null : resultBuffer;
+    //outln("sqlChunk len= = ",sqlChunk.length);
+    try{
+      while(pos < sqlChunk.length){
+        if(pos > 0){
+          sqlChunk = Arrays.copyOfRange(sqlChunk, pos,
+                                        sqlChunk.length);
+        }
+        if( 0==sqlChunk.length ) break;
+        rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sqlChunk, outStmt, oTail);
+        /*outln("PREPARE rc ",rc," oTail=",oTail.get(),": ",
+          new String(sqlChunk,StandardCharsets.UTF_8),"\n<EOSQL>");*/
+        if( 0!=rc ){
+          if(throwOnError){
+            throw new DbException(db, rc);
+          }else if( null!=sb ){
+            appendDbErr(db, sb, rc);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+        pos = oTail.value;
+        stmt = outStmt.take();
+        if( null == stmt ){
+          // empty statement was parsed.
+          continue;
+        }
+        if( null!=sb ){
+          // Add the output to the result buffer...
+          final int nCol = sqlite3_column_count(stmt);
+          String colName = null, val = null;
+          while( SQLITE_ROW == (rc = sqlite3_step(stmt)) ){
+            for(int i = 0; i < nCol; ++i){
+              if( spacing++ > 0 ) sb.append(' ');
+              if( emitColNames ){
+                colName = sqlite3_column_name(stmt, i);
+                switch(appendMode){
+                  case ASIS:
+                    sb.append( colName );
+                    break;
+                  case ESCAPED:
+                    sb.append( escapeSqlValue(colName) );
+                    break;
+                  default:
+                    throw new SQLTesterException("Unhandled ResultBufferMode: "+appendMode);
+                }
+                sb.append(' ');
+              }
+              val = sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, i);
+              if( null==val ){
+                sb.append( nullView );
+                continue;
+              }
+              switch(appendMode){
+                case ASIS:
+                  sb.append( val );
+                  break;
+                case ESCAPED:
+                  sb.append( escapeSqlValue(val) );
+                  break;
+                default:
+                  throw new SQLTesterException("Unhandled ResultBufferMode: "+appendMode);
+              }
+            }
+            if( ResultRowMode.NEWLINE == rowMode ){
+              spacing = 0;
+              sb.append('\n');
+            }
+          }
+        }else{
+          while( SQLITE_ROW == (rc = sqlite3_step(stmt)) ){}
+        }
+        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+        stmt = null;
+        if(SQLITE_ROW==rc || SQLITE_DONE==rc) rc = 0;
+        else if( rc!=0 ){
+          if( null!=sb ){
+            appendDbErr(db, sb, rc);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }finally{
+      sqlite3_reset(stmt
+        /* In order to trigger an exception in the
+           INSERT...RETURNING locking scenario:
+           https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/36f7a2e7494897df */);
+      sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    }
+    if( 0!=rc && throwOnError ){
+      throw new DbException(db, rc);
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    installCustomExtensions();
+    boolean dumpInternals = false;
+    final SQLTester t = new SQLTester();
+    for(String a : argv){
+      if(a.startsWith("-")){
+        final String flag = a.replaceFirst("-+","");
+        if( flag.equals("verbose") ){
+          // Use --verbose up to 3 times
+          t.setVerbosity(t.getVerbosity() + 1);
+        }else if( flag.equals("keep-going") ){
+          t.keepGoing = true;
+        }else if( flag.equals("internals") ){
+          dumpInternals = true;
+        }else{
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unhandled flag: "+flag);
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      t.addTestScript(a);
+    }
+    final AutoExtensionCallback ax = new AutoExtensionCallback() {
+        private final SQLTester tester = t;
+        @Override public int call(sqlite3 db){
+          final String init = tester.getDbInitSql();
+          if( !init.isEmpty() ){
+            tester.execSql(db, true, ResultBufferMode.NONE, null, init);
+          }
+          return 0;
+        }
+      };
+    sqlite3_auto_extension(ax);
+    try {
+      t.runTests();
+    }finally{
+      sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax);
+      t.outln("Processed ",t.nTotalTest," test(s) in ",t.nTestFile," file(s).");
+      if( t.nAbortedScript > 0 ){
+        t.outln("Aborted ",t.nAbortedScript," script(s).");
+      }
+      if( dumpInternals ){
+        sqlite3_jni_internal_details();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Internal impl of the public strglob() method. Neither argument
+     may be NULL and both _MUST_ be NUL-terminated.
+  */
+  private static native int strglob(byte[] glob, byte[] txt);
+
+  /**
+     Works essentially the same as sqlite3_strglob() except that the
+     glob character '#' matches a sequence of one or more digits.  It
+     does not match when it appears at the start or middle of a series
+     of digits, e.g. "#23" or "1#3", but will match at the end,
+     e.g. "12#".
+  */
+  static int strglob(String glob, String txt){
+    return strglob(
+      (glob+"\0").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+      (txt+"\0").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Sets up C-side components needed by the test framework. This must
+     not be called until main() is triggered so that it does not
+     interfere with library clients who don't use this class.
+  */
+  static native void installCustomExtensions();
+  static {
+    System.loadLibrary("sqlite3-jni")
+      /* Interestingly, when SQLTester is the main app, we have to
+         load that lib from here. The same load from CApi does
+         not happen early enough. Without this,
+         installCustomExtensions() is an unresolved symbol. */;
+  }
+
+}
+
+/**
+   General utilities for the SQLTester bits.
+*/
+final class Util {
+
+  //! Throws a new T, appending all msg args into a string for the message.
+  static void toss(Class<? extends Exception> errorType, Object... msg) throws Exception {
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for(Object s : msg) sb.append(s);
+    final java.lang.reflect.Constructor<? extends Exception> ctor =
+      errorType.getConstructor(String.class);
+    throw ctor.newInstance(sb.toString());
+  }
+
+  static void toss(Object... msg) throws Exception{
+    toss(RuntimeException.class, msg);
+  }
+
+  //! Tries to delete the given file, silently ignoring failure.
+  static void unlink(String filename){
+    try{
+      final java.io.File f = new java.io.File(filename);
+      f.delete();
+    }catch(Exception e){
+      /* ignore */
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Appends all entries in argv[1..end] into a space-separated
+     string, argv[0] is not included because it's expected to be a
+     command name.
+  */
+  static String argvToString(String[] argv){
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for(int i = 1; i < argv.length; ++i ){
+      if( i>1 ) sb.append(" ");
+      sb.append( argv[i] );
+    }
+    return sb.toString();
+  }
+
+}
+
+/**
+   Base class for test script commands. It provides a set of utility
+   APIs for concrete command implementations.
+
+   Each subclass must have a public no-arg ctor and must implement
+   the process() method which is abstract in this class.
+
+   Commands are intended to be stateless, except perhaps for counters
+   and similar internals. Specifically, no state which changes the
+   behavior between any two invocations of process() should be
+   retained.
+*/
+abstract class Command {
+  protected Command(){}
+
+  /**
+     Must process one command-unit of work and either return
+     (on success) or throw (on error).
+
+     The first two arguments specify the context of the test. The TestScript
+     provides the content of the test and the SQLTester providers the sandbox
+     in which that script is being evaluated.
+
+     argv is a list with the command name followed by any arguments to
+     that command. The argcCheck() method from this class provides
+     very basic argc validation.
+  */
+  public abstract void process(
+    SQLTester st, TestScript ts, String[] argv
+  ) throws Exception;
+
+  /**
+     If argv.length-1 (-1 because the command's name is in argv[0]) does not
+     fall in the inclusive range (min,max) then this function throws. Use
+     a max value of -1 to mean unlimited.
+  */
+  protected final void argcCheck(TestScript ts, String[] argv, int min, int max) throws Exception{
+    int argc = argv.length-1;
+    if(argc<min || (max>=0 && argc>max)){
+      if( min==max ){
+        ts.toss(argv[0]," requires exactly ",min," argument(s)");
+      }else if(max>0){
+        ts.toss(argv[0]," requires ",min,"-",max," arguments.");
+      }else{
+        ts.toss(argv[0]," requires at least ",min," arguments.");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Equivalent to argcCheck(argv,argc,argc).
+  */
+  protected final void argcCheck(TestScript ts, String[] argv, int argc) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts, argv, argc, argc);
+  }
+}
+
+//! --close command
+class CloseDbCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,0,1);
+    Integer id;
+    if(argv.length>1){
+      String arg = argv[1];
+      if("all".equals(arg)){
+        t.closeAllDbs();
+        return;
+      }
+      else{
+        id = Integer.parseInt(arg);
+      }
+    }else{
+      id = t.getCurrentDbId();
+    }
+    t.closeDb(id);
+  }
+}
+
+//! --column-names command
+class ColumnNamesCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(
+    SQLTester st, TestScript ts, String[] argv
+  ) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    st.outputColumnNames( Integer.parseInt(argv[1])!=0 );
+  }
+}
+
+//! --db command
+class DbCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    t.setCurrentDb( Integer.parseInt(argv[1]) );
+  }
+}
+
+//! --glob command
+class GlobCommand extends Command {
+  private boolean negate = false;
+  public GlobCommand(){}
+  protected GlobCommand(boolean negate){ this.negate = negate; }
+
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1,-1);
+    t.incrementTestCounter();
+    final String sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    int rc = t.execSql(null, true, ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED,
+                       ResultRowMode.ONELINE, sql);
+    final String result = t.getResultText();
+    final String sArgs = Util.argvToString(argv);
+    //t2.verbose2(argv[0]," rc = ",rc," result buffer:\n", result,"\nargs:\n",sArgs);
+    final String glob = Util.argvToString(argv);
+    rc = SQLTester.strglob(glob, result);
+    if( (negate && 0==rc) || (!negate && 0!=rc) ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " mismatch: ", glob," vs input: ",result);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --json command
+class JsonCommand extends ResultCommand {
+  public JsonCommand(){ super(ResultBufferMode.ASIS); }
+}
+
+//! --json-block command
+class JsonBlockCommand extends TableResultCommand {
+  public JsonBlockCommand(){ super(true); }
+}
+
+//! --new command
+class NewDbCommand extends OpenDbCommand {
+  public NewDbCommand(){ super(true); }
+}
+
+//! Placeholder dummy/no-op commands
+class NoopCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+  }
+}
+
+//! --notglob command
+class NotGlobCommand extends GlobCommand {
+  public NotGlobCommand(){
+    super(true);
+  }
+}
+
+//! --null command
+class NullCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(
+    SQLTester st, TestScript ts, String[] argv
+  ) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    st.setNullValue( argv[1] );
+  }
+}
+
+//! --open command
+class OpenDbCommand extends Command {
+  private boolean createIfNeeded = false;
+  public OpenDbCommand(){}
+  protected OpenDbCommand(boolean c){createIfNeeded = c;}
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    t.openDb(argv[1], createIfNeeded);
+  }
+}
+
+//! --print command
+class PrintCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(
+    SQLTester st, TestScript ts, String[] argv
+  ) throws Exception{
+    st.out(ts.getOutputPrefix(),": ");
+    if( 1==argv.length ){
+      st.out( st.getInputText() );
+    }else{
+      st.outln( Util.argvToString(argv) );
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --result command
+class ResultCommand extends Command {
+  private final ResultBufferMode bufferMode;
+  protected ResultCommand(ResultBufferMode bm){ bufferMode = bm; }
+  public ResultCommand(){ this(ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED); }
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,0,-1);
+    t.incrementTestCounter();
+    final String sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    //ts.verbose2(argv[0]," SQL =\n",sql);
+    int rc = t.execSql(null, false, bufferMode, ResultRowMode.ONELINE, sql);
+    final String result = t.getResultText().trim();
+    final String sArgs = argv.length>1 ? Util.argvToString(argv) : "";
+    if( !result.equals(sArgs) ){
+      t.outln(argv[0]," FAILED comparison. Result buffer:\n",
+              result,"\nExpected result:\n",sArgs);
+      ts.toss(argv[0]+" comparison failed.");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --run command
+class RunCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,0,1);
+    final sqlite3 db = (1==argv.length)
+      ? t.getCurrentDb() : t.getDbById( Integer.parseInt(argv[1]) );
+    final String sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    final int rc = t.execSql(db, false, ResultBufferMode.NONE,
+                             ResultRowMode.ONELINE, sql);
+    if( 0!=rc && t.isVerbose() ){
+      String msg = sqlite3_errmsg(db);
+      ts.verbose1(argv[0]," non-fatal command error #",rc,": ",
+                  msg,"\nfor SQL:\n",sql);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --tableresult command
+class TableResultCommand extends Command {
+  private final boolean jsonMode;
+  protected TableResultCommand(boolean jsonMode){ this.jsonMode = jsonMode; }
+  public TableResultCommand(){ this(false); }
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,0);
+    t.incrementTestCounter();
+    String body = ts.fetchCommandBody(t);
+    if( null==body ) ts.toss("Missing ",argv[0]," body.");
+    body = body.trim();
+    if( !body.endsWith("\n--end") ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " must be terminated with --end.");
+    }else{
+      body = body.substring(0, body.length()-6);
+    }
+    final String[] globs = body.split("\\s*\\n\\s*");
+    if( globs.length < 1 ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " requires 1 or more ",
+              (jsonMode ? "json snippets" : "globs"),".");
+    }
+    final String sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    t.execSql(null, true,
+              jsonMode ? ResultBufferMode.ASIS : ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED,
+              ResultRowMode.NEWLINE, sql);
+    final String rbuf = t.getResultText();
+    final String[] res = rbuf.split("\n");
+    if( res.length != globs.length ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " failure: input has ", res.length,
+              " row(s) but expecting ",globs.length);
+    }
+    for(int i = 0; i < res.length; ++i){
+      final String glob = globs[i].replaceAll("\\s+"," ").trim();
+      //ts.verbose2(argv[0]," <<",glob,">> vs <<",res[i],">>");
+      if( jsonMode ){
+        if( !glob.equals(res[i]) ){
+          ts.toss(argv[0], " json <<",glob, ">> does not match: <<",
+                  res[i],">>");
+        }
+      }else if( 0 != SQLTester.strglob(glob, res[i]) ){
+        ts.toss(argv[0], " glob <<",glob,">> does not match: <<",res[i],">>");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --testcase command
+class TestCaseCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    ts.setTestCaseName(argv[1]);
+    t.clearResultBuffer();
+    t.clearInputBuffer();
+  }
+}
+
+//! --verbosity command
+class VerbosityCommand extends Command {
+  public void process(SQLTester t, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    ts.setVerbosity( Integer.parseInt(argv[1]) );
+  }
+}
+
+class CommandDispatcher {
+
+  private static java.util.Map<String,Command> commandMap =
+    new java.util.HashMap<>();
+
+  /**
+     Returns a (cached) instance mapped to name, or null if no match
+     is found.
+  */
+  static Command getCommandByName(String name){
+    Command rv = commandMap.get(name);
+    if( null!=rv ) return rv;
+    switch(name){
+      case "close":        rv = new CloseDbCommand(); break;
+      case "column-names": rv = new ColumnNamesCommand(); break;
+      case "db":           rv = new DbCommand(); break;
+      case "glob":         rv = new GlobCommand(); break;
+      case "json":         rv = new JsonCommand(); break;
+      case "json-block":   rv = new JsonBlockCommand(); break;
+      case "new":          rv = new NewDbCommand(); break;
+      case "notglob":      rv = new NotGlobCommand(); break;
+      case "null":         rv = new NullCommand(); break;
+      case "oom":          rv = new NoopCommand(); break;
+      case "open":         rv = new OpenDbCommand(); break;
+      case "print":        rv = new PrintCommand(); break;
+      case "result":       rv = new ResultCommand(); break;
+      case "run":          rv = new RunCommand(); break;
+      case "tableresult":  rv = new TableResultCommand(); break;
+      case "testcase":     rv = new TestCaseCommand(); break;
+      case "verbosity":    rv = new VerbosityCommand(); break;
+      default: rv = null; break;
+    }
+    if( null!=rv ) commandMap.put(name, rv);
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Treats argv[0] as a command name, looks it up with
+     getCommandByName(), and calls process() on that instance, passing
+     it arguments given to this function.
+  */
+  static void dispatch(SQLTester tester, TestScript ts, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    final Command cmd = getCommandByName(argv[0]);
+    if(null == cmd){
+      throw new UnknownCommand(ts, argv[0]);
+    }
+    cmd.process(tester, ts, argv);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+   This class represents a single test script. It handles (or
+   delegates) its the reading-in and parsing, but the details of
+   evaluation are delegated elsewhere.
+*/
+class TestScript {
+  //! input file
+  private String filename = null;
+  //! Name pulled from the SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME directive of the file
+  private String moduleName = null;
+  //! Current test case name.
+  private String testCaseName = null;
+  //! Content buffer state.
+  private final Cursor cur = new Cursor();
+  //! Utility for console output.
+  private final Outer outer = new Outer();
+
+  //! File content and parse state.
+  private static final class Cursor {
+    private final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    byte[] src = null;
+    //! Current position in this.src.
+    int pos = 0;
+    //! Current line number. Starts at 0 for internal reasons and will
+    // line up with 1-based reality once parsing starts.
+    int lineNo = 0 /* yes, zero */;
+    //! Putback value for this.pos.
+    int putbackPos = 0;
+    //! Putback line number
+    int putbackLineNo = 0;
+    //! Peeked-to pos, used by peekLine() and consumePeeked().
+    int peekedPos = 0;
+    //! Peeked-to line number.
+    int peekedLineNo = 0;
+
+    //! Restore parsing state to the start of the stream.
+    void rewind(){
+      sb.setLength(0);
+      pos = lineNo = putbackPos = putbackLineNo = peekedPos = peekedLineNo = 0
+        /* kinda missing memset() about now. */;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private byte[] readFile(String filename) throws Exception {
+    return java.nio.file.Files.readAllBytes(java.nio.file.Paths.get(filename));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Initializes the script with the content of the given file.
+     Throws if it cannot read the file.
+  */
+  public TestScript(String filename) throws Exception{
+    this.filename = filename;
+    setVerbosity(2);
+    cur.src = readFile(filename);
+  }
+
+  public String getFilename(){
+    return filename;
+  }
+
+  public String getModuleName(){
+    return moduleName;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Verbosity level 0 produces no debug/verbose output. Level 1 produces
+     some and level 2 produces more.
+   */
+  public void setVerbosity(int level){
+    outer.setVerbosity(level);
+  }
+
+  public String getOutputPrefix(){
+    String rc = "["+(moduleName==null ? "<unnamed>" : moduleName)+"]";
+    if( null!=testCaseName ) rc += "["+testCaseName+"]";
+    if( null!=filename ) rc += "["+filename+"]";
+    return rc + " line "+ cur.lineNo;
+  }
+
+  static final String[] verboseLabel = {"🔈",/*"🔉",*/"🔊","📢"};
+  //! Output vals only if level<=current verbosity level.
+  private TestScript verboseN(int level, Object... vals){
+    final int verbosity = outer.getVerbosity();
+    if(verbosity>=level){
+      outer.out( verboseLabel[level-1], getOutputPrefix(), " ",level,": "
+      ).outln(vals);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  TestScript verbose1(Object... vals){return verboseN(1,vals);}
+  TestScript verbose2(Object... vals){return verboseN(2,vals);}
+  TestScript verbose3(Object... vals){return verboseN(3,vals);}
+
+  private void reset(){
+    testCaseName = null;
+    cur.rewind();
+  }
+
+  void setTestCaseName(String n){ testCaseName = n; }
+
+  /**
+     Returns the next line from the buffer, minus the trailing EOL.
+
+     Returns null when all input is consumed. Throws if it reads
+     illegally-encoded input, e.g. (non-)characters in the range
+     128-256.
+  */
+  String getLine(){
+    if( cur.pos==cur.src.length ){
+      return null /* EOF */;
+    }
+    cur.putbackPos = cur.pos;
+    cur.putbackLineNo = cur.lineNo;
+    cur.sb.setLength(0);
+    final boolean skipLeadingWs = false;
+    byte b = 0, prevB = 0;
+    int i = cur.pos;
+    if(skipLeadingWs) {
+      /* Skip any leading spaces, including newlines. This will eliminate
+         blank lines. */
+      for(; i < cur.src.length; ++i, prevB=b){
+        b = cur.src[i];
+        switch((int)b){
+          case 32/*space*/: case 9/*tab*/: case 13/*CR*/: continue;
+          case 10/*NL*/: ++cur.lineNo; continue;
+          default: break;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      if( i==cur.src.length ){
+        return null /* EOF */;
+      }
+    }
+    boolean doBreak = false;
+    final byte[] aChar = {0,0,0,0} /* multi-byte char buffer */;
+    int nChar = 0 /* number of bytes in the char */;
+    for(; i < cur.src.length && !doBreak; ++i){
+      b = cur.src[i];
+      switch( (int)b ){
+        case 13/*CR*/: continue;
+        case 10/*NL*/:
+          ++cur.lineNo;
+          if(cur.sb.length()>0) doBreak = true;
+          // Else it's an empty string
+          break;
+        default:
+          /* Multi-byte chars need to be gathered up and appended at
+             one time. Appending individual bytes to the StringBuffer
+             appends their integer value. */
+          nChar = 1;
+          switch( b & 0xF0 ){
+            case 0xC0: nChar = 2; break;
+            case 0xE0: nChar = 3; break;
+            case 0xF0: nChar = 4; break;
+            default:
+              if( b > 127 ) this.toss("Invalid character (#"+(int)b+").");
+              break;
+          }
+          if( 1==nChar ){
+            cur.sb.append((char)b);
+          }else{
+            for(int x = 0; x < nChar; ++x) aChar[x] = cur.src[i+x];
+            cur.sb.append(new String(Arrays.copyOf(aChar, nChar),
+                                      StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            i += nChar-1;
+          }
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+    cur.pos = i;
+    final String rv = cur.sb.toString();
+    if( i==cur.src.length && 0==rv.length() ){
+      return null /* EOF */;
+    }
+    return rv;
+  }/*getLine()*/
+
+  /**
+     Fetches the next line then resets the cursor to its pre-call
+     state. consumePeeked() can be used to consume this peeked line
+     without having to re-parse it.
+  */
+  String peekLine(){
+    final int oldPos = cur.pos;
+    final int oldPB = cur.putbackPos;
+    final int oldPBL = cur.putbackLineNo;
+    final int oldLine = cur.lineNo;
+    try{ return getLine(); }
+    finally{
+      cur.peekedPos = cur.pos;
+      cur.peekedLineNo = cur.lineNo;
+      cur.pos = oldPos;
+      cur.lineNo = oldLine;
+      cur.putbackPos = oldPB;
+      cur.putbackLineNo = oldPBL;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Only valid after calling peekLine() and before calling getLine().
+     This places the cursor to the position it would have been at had
+     the peekLine() had been fetched with getLine().
+  */
+  void consumePeeked(){
+    cur.pos = cur.peekedPos;
+    cur.lineNo = cur.peekedLineNo;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Restores the cursor to the position it had before the previous
+     call to getLine().
+  */
+  void putbackLine(){
+    cur.pos = cur.putbackPos;
+    cur.lineNo = cur.putbackLineNo;
+  }
+
+  private boolean checkRequiredProperties(SQLTester t, String[] props) throws SQLTesterException{
+    if( true ) return false;
+    int nOk = 0;
+    for(String rp : props){
+      verbose1("REQUIRED_PROPERTIES: ",rp);
+      switch(rp){
+        case "RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS":
+          t.appendDbInitSql("pragma recursive_triggers=on;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "TEMPSTORE_FILE":
+          /* This _assumes_ that the lib is built with SQLITE_TEMP_STORE=1 or 2,
+             which we just happen to know is the case */
+          t.appendDbInitSql("pragma temp_store=1;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "TEMPSTORE_MEM":
+          /* This _assumes_ that the lib is built with SQLITE_TEMP_STORE=1 or 2,
+             which we just happen to know is the case */
+          t.appendDbInitSql("pragma temp_store=0;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "AUTOVACUUM":
+          t.appendDbInitSql("pragma auto_vacuum=full;");
+          ++nOk;
+        case "INCRVACUUM":
+          t.appendDbInitSql("pragma auto_vacuum=incremental;");
+          ++nOk;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+    return props.length == nOk;
+  }
+
+  private static final Pattern patternRequiredProperties =
+    Pattern.compile(" REQUIRED_PROPERTIES:[ \\t]*(\\S.*)\\s*$");
+  private static final Pattern patternScriptModuleName =
+    Pattern.compile(" SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:[ \\t]*(\\S+)\\s*$");
+  private static final Pattern patternMixedModuleName =
+    Pattern.compile(" ((MIXED_)?MODULE_NAME):[ \\t]*(\\S+)\\s*$");
+  private static final Pattern patternCommand =
+    Pattern.compile("^--(([a-z-]+)( .*)?)$");
+
+  /**
+     Looks for "directives." If a compatible one is found, it is
+     processed and this function returns. If an incompatible one is found,
+     a description of it is returned and processing of the test must
+     end immediately.
+  */
+  private void checkForDirective(
+    SQLTester tester, String line
+  ) throws IncompatibleDirective {
+    if(line.startsWith("#")){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "C-preprocessor input: "+line);
+    }else if(line.startsWith("---")){
+      new IncompatibleDirective(this, "triple-dash: "+line);
+    }
+    Matcher m = patternScriptModuleName.matcher(line);
+    if( m.find() ){
+      moduleName = m.group(1);
+      return;
+    }
+    m = patternRequiredProperties.matcher(line);
+    if( m.find() ){
+      final String rp = m.group(1);
+      if( ! checkRequiredProperties( tester, rp.split("\\s+") ) ){
+        throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "REQUIRED_PROPERTIES: "+rp);
+      }
+    }
+    m = patternMixedModuleName.matcher(line);
+    if( m.find() ){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, m.group(1)+": "+m.group(3));
+    }
+    if( line.indexOf("\n|")>=0 ){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "newline-pipe combination.");
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  boolean isCommandLine(String line, boolean checkForImpl){
+    final Matcher m = patternCommand.matcher(line);
+    boolean rc = m.find();
+    if( rc && checkForImpl ){
+      rc = null!=CommandDispatcher.getCommandByName(m.group(2));
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     If line looks like a command, returns an argv for that command
+     invocation, else returns null.
+  */
+  String[] getCommandArgv(String line){
+    final Matcher m = patternCommand.matcher(line);
+    return m.find() ? m.group(1).trim().split("\\s+") : null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Fetches lines until the next recognized command. Throws if
+     checkForDirective() does.  Returns null if there is no input or
+     it's only whitespace. The returned string retains all whitespace.
+
+     Note that "subcommands", --command-like constructs in the body
+     which do not match a known command name are considered to be
+     content, not commands.
+  */
+  String fetchCommandBody(SQLTester tester){
+    final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    String line;
+    while( (null != (line = peekLine())) ){
+      checkForDirective(tester, line);
+      if( isCommandLine(line, true) ) break;
+      else {
+        sb.append(line).append("\n");
+        consumePeeked();
+      }
+    }
+    line = sb.toString();
+    return line.trim().isEmpty() ? null : line;
+  }
+
+  private void processCommand(SQLTester t, String[] argv) throws Exception{
+    verbose1("running command: ",argv[0], " ", Util.argvToString(argv));
+    if(outer.getVerbosity()>1){
+      final String input = t.getInputText();
+      if( !input.isEmpty() ) verbose3("Input buffer = ",input);
+    }
+    CommandDispatcher.dispatch(t, this, argv);
+  }
+
+  void toss(Object... msg) throws TestScriptFailed {
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+    for(Object s : msg) sb.append(s);
+    throw new TestScriptFailed(this, sb.toString());
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Runs this test script in the context of the given tester object.
+  */
+  public boolean run(SQLTester tester) throws Exception {
+    reset();
+    setVerbosity(tester.getVerbosity());
+    String line, directive;
+    String[] argv;
+    while( null != (line = getLine()) ){
+      verbose3("input line: ",line);
+      checkForDirective(tester, line);
+      argv = getCommandArgv(line);
+      if( null!=argv ){
+        processCommand(tester, argv);
+        continue;
+      }
+      tester.appendInput(line,true);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ScalarFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ScalarFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..95541bdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ScalarFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+
+/**
+   A SQLFunction implementation for scalar functions.
+*/
+public abstract class ScalarFunction implements SQLFunction {
+  /**
+     As for the xFunc() argument of the C API's
+     sqlite3_create_function(). If this function throws, it is
+     translated into an sqlite3_result_error().
+  */
+  public abstract void xFunc(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args);
+
+  /**
+     Optionally override to be notified when the UDF is finalized by
+     SQLite. This default implementation does nothing.
+  */
+  public void xDestroy() {}
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TableColumnMetadata.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TableColumnMetadata.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d8b6226a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TableColumnMetadata.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper object for use with sqlite3_table_column_metadata().
+   They are populated only via that interface.
+*/
+public final class TableColumnMetadata {
+  OutputPointer.Bool pNotNull = new OutputPointer.Bool();
+  OutputPointer.Bool pPrimaryKey = new OutputPointer.Bool();
+  OutputPointer.Bool pAutoinc = new OutputPointer.Bool();
+  OutputPointer.String pzCollSeq = new OutputPointer.String();
+  OutputPointer.String pzDataType = new OutputPointer.String();
+
+  public TableColumnMetadata(){
+  }
+
+  public String getDataType(){ return pzDataType.value; }
+  public String getCollation(){ return pzCollSeq.value; }
+  public boolean isNotNull(){ return pNotNull.value; }
+  public boolean isPrimaryKey(){ return pPrimaryKey.value; }
+  public boolean isAutoincrement(){ return pAutoinc.value; }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/Tester1.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/Tester1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6fb28e65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/Tester1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1976 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a set of tests for the sqlite3 JNI bindings.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+/**
+   An annotation for Tester1 tests which we do not want to run in
+   reflection-driven test mode because either they are not suitable
+   for multi-threaded threaded mode or we have to control their execution
+   order.
+*/
+@java.lang.annotation.Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@java.lang.annotation.Target({java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD})
+@interface ManualTest{}
+/**
+   Annotation for Tester1 tests which mark those which must be skipped
+   in multi-threaded mode.
+*/
+@java.lang.annotation.Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@java.lang.annotation.Target({java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD})
+@interface SingleThreadOnly{}
+
+public class Tester1 implements Runnable {
+  //! True when running in multi-threaded mode.
+  private static boolean mtMode = false;
+  //! True to sleep briefly between tests.
+  private static boolean takeNaps = false;
+  //! True to shuffle the order of the tests.
+  private static boolean shuffle = false;
+  //! True to dump the list of to-run tests to stdout.
+  private static boolean listRunTests = false;
+  //! True to squelch all out() and outln() output.
+  private static boolean quietMode = false;
+  //! Total number of runTests() calls.
+  private static int nTestRuns = 0;
+  //! List of test*() methods to run.
+  private static List<java.lang.reflect.Method> testMethods = null;
+  //! List of exceptions collected by run()
+  private static List<Exception> listErrors = new ArrayList<>();
+  private static final class Metrics {
+    //! Number of times createNewDb() (or equivalent) is invoked.
+    volatile int dbOpen = 0;
+  }
+
+  private Integer tId;
+
+  Tester1(Integer id){
+    tId = id;
+  }
+
+  static final Metrics metrics = new Metrics();
+
+  public static synchronized void outln(){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      System.out.println("");
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static synchronized void outPrefix(){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      System.out.print(Thread.currentThread().getName()+": ");
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static synchronized void outln(Object val){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      outPrefix();
+      System.out.println(val);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static synchronized void out(Object val){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      System.out.print(val);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  public static synchronized void out(Object... vals){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      outPrefix();
+      for(Object v : vals) out(v);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  public static synchronized void outln(Object... vals){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      out(vals); out("\n");
+    }
+  }
+
+  static volatile int affirmCount = 0;
+  public static synchronized int affirm(Boolean v, String comment){
+    ++affirmCount;
+    if( false ) assert( v /* prefer assert over exception if it's enabled because
+                 the JNI layer sometimes has to suppress exceptions,
+                 so they might be squelched on their way back to the
+                 top. */);
+    if( !v ) throw new RuntimeException(comment);
+    return affirmCount;
+  }
+
+  public static void affirm(Boolean v){
+    affirm(v, "Affirmation failed.");
+  }
+
+  @SingleThreadOnly /* because it's thread-agnostic */
+  private void test1(){
+    affirm(sqlite3_libversion_number() == SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER);
+  }
+
+  public static sqlite3 createNewDb(){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    int rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", out);
+    ++metrics.dbOpen;
+    sqlite3 db = out.take();
+    if( 0!=rc ){
+      final String msg =
+        null==db ? sqlite3_errstr(rc) : sqlite3_errmsg(db);
+      sqlite3_close(db);
+      throw new RuntimeException("Opening db failed: "+msg);
+    }
+    affirm( null == out.get() );
+    affirm( 0 != db.getNativePointer() );
+    rc = sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, 2000);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    return db;
+  }
+
+  public static void execSql(sqlite3 db, String[] sql){
+    execSql(db, String.join("", sql));
+  }
+
+  public static int execSql(sqlite3 db, boolean throwOnError, String sql){
+    OutputPointer.Int32 oTail = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+    final byte[] sqlUtf8 = sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    int pos = 0, n = 1;
+    byte[] sqlChunk = sqlUtf8;
+    int rc = 0;
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = null;
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    while(pos < sqlChunk.length){
+      if(pos > 0){
+        sqlChunk = Arrays.copyOfRange(sqlChunk, pos,
+                                      sqlChunk.length);
+      }
+      if( 0==sqlChunk.length ) break;
+      rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sqlChunk, outStmt, oTail);
+      if(throwOnError) affirm(0 == rc);
+      else if( 0!=rc ) break;
+      pos = oTail.value;
+      stmt = outStmt.take();
+      if( null == stmt ){
+        // empty statement was parsed.
+        continue;
+      }
+      affirm(0 != stmt.getNativePointer());
+      while( SQLITE_ROW == (rc = sqlite3_step(stmt)) ){
+      }
+      sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+      affirm(0 == stmt.getNativePointer());
+      if(0!=rc && SQLITE_ROW!=rc && SQLITE_DONE!=rc){
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    if(SQLITE_ROW==rc || SQLITE_DONE==rc) rc = 0;
+    if( 0!=rc && throwOnError){
+      throw new RuntimeException("db op failed with rc="
+                                 +rc+": "+sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  public static void execSql(sqlite3 db, String sql){
+    execSql(db, true, sql);
+  }
+
+  public static sqlite3_stmt prepare(sqlite3 db, boolean throwOnError, String sql){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, outStmt);
+    if( throwOnError ){
+      affirm( 0 == rc );
+    }
+    final sqlite3_stmt rv = outStmt.take();
+    affirm( null == outStmt.get() );
+    if( throwOnError ){
+      affirm( 0 != rv.getNativePointer() );
+    }
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  public static sqlite3_stmt prepare(sqlite3 db, String sql){
+    return prepare(db, true, sql);
+  }
+
+  private void showCompileOption(){
+    int i = 0;
+    String optName;
+    outln("compile options:");
+    for( ; null != (optName = sqlite3_compileoption_get(i)); ++i){
+      outln("\t"+optName+"\t (used="+
+            sqlite3_compileoption_used(optName)+")");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void testCompileOption(){
+    int i = 0;
+    String optName;
+    for( ; null != (optName = sqlite3_compileoption_get(i)); ++i){
+    }
+    affirm( i > 10 );
+    affirm( null==sqlite3_compileoption_get(-1) );
+  }
+
+  private void testOpenDb1(){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    int rc = sqlite3_open(":memory:", out);
+    ++metrics.dbOpen;
+    sqlite3 db = out.get();
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    affirm(db.getNativePointer()!=0);
+    sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE, 1, null)
+      /* This function has different mangled names in jdk8 vs jdk19,
+         and this call is here to ensure that the build fails
+         if it cannot find both names. */;
+
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_db_readonly(db,"main") );
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_db_readonly(db,null) );
+    affirm( 0>sqlite3_db_readonly(db,"nope") );
+    affirm( 0>sqlite3_db_readonly(null,null) );
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(null) );
+
+    // These interrupt checks are only to make sure that the JNI binding
+    // has the proper exported symbol names. They don't actually test
+    // anything useful.
+    affirm( !sqlite3_is_interrupted(db) );
+    sqlite3_interrupt(db);
+    affirm( sqlite3_is_interrupted(db) );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm(0 == db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  private void testOpenDb2(){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    int rc = sqlite3_open_v2(":memory:", out,
+                             SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE
+                             | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, null);
+    ++metrics.dbOpen;
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    sqlite3 db = out.get();
+    affirm(0 != db.getNativePointer());
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm(0 == db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  private void testPrepare123(){
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    int rc;
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, "CREATE TABLE t1(a);", outStmt);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = outStmt.take();
+    affirm(0 != stmt.getNativePointer());
+    affirm( !sqlite3_stmt_readonly(stmt) );
+    affirm( db == sqlite3_db_handle(stmt) );
+    rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    affirm(SQLITE_DONE == rc);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( null == sqlite3_db_handle(stmt) );
+    affirm(0 == stmt.getNativePointer());
+
+    { /* Demonstrate how to use the "zTail" option of
+         sqlite3_prepare() family of functions. */
+      OutputPointer.Int32 oTail = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+      final byte[] sqlUtf8 =
+        "CREATE TABLE t2(a); INSERT INTO t2(a) VALUES(1),(2),(3)"
+        .getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+      int pos = 0, n = 1;
+      byte[] sqlChunk = sqlUtf8;
+      while(pos < sqlChunk.length){
+        if(pos > 0){
+          sqlChunk = Arrays.copyOfRange(sqlChunk, pos, sqlChunk.length);
+        }
+        //outln("SQL chunk #"+n+" length = "+sqlChunk.length+", pos = "+pos);
+        if( 0==sqlChunk.length ) break;
+        rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sqlChunk, outStmt, oTail);
+        affirm(0 == rc);
+        stmt = outStmt.get();
+        pos = oTail.value;
+        /*outln("SQL tail pos = "+pos+". Chunk = "+
+              (new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(sqlChunk,0,pos),
+              StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));*/
+        switch(n){
+          case 1: affirm(19 == pos); break;
+          case 2: affirm(36 == pos); break;
+          default: affirm( false /* can't happen */ );
+
+        }
+        ++n;
+        affirm(0 != stmt.getNativePointer());
+        rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+        affirm(SQLITE_DONE == rc);
+        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+        affirm(0 == stmt.getNativePointer());
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(db, "INSERT INTO t2(a) VALUES(1),(2),(3)",
+                            SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE, outStmt);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    stmt = outStmt.get();
+    affirm(0 != stmt.getNativePointer());
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm(0 == stmt.getNativePointer() );
+
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_errcode(db) );
+    stmt = sqlite3_prepare(db, "intentional error");
+    affirm( null==stmt );
+    affirm( 0!=sqlite3_errcode(db) );
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_errmsg(db).indexOf("near \"intentional\"") );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    stmt = sqlite3_prepare(db, "/* empty input*/\n-- comments only");
+    affirm( null==stmt );
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_errcode(db) );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testBindFetchInt(){
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a)");
+
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(:a);");
+    affirm(1 == sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(stmt));
+    final int paramNdx = sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(stmt, ":a");
+    affirm(1 == paramNdx);
+    affirm( ":a".equals(sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(stmt, paramNdx)));
+    int total1 = 0;
+    long rowid = -1;
+    int changes = sqlite3_changes(db);
+    int changesT = sqlite3_total_changes(db);
+    long changes64 = sqlite3_changes64(db);
+    long changesT64 = sqlite3_total_changes64(db);
+    int rc;
+    for(int i = 99; i < 102; ++i ){
+      total1 += i;
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, paramNdx, i);
+      affirm(0 == rc);
+      rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+      sqlite3_reset(stmt);
+      affirm(SQLITE_DONE == rc);
+      long x = sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(db);
+      affirm(x > rowid);
+      rowid = x;
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm(300 == total1);
+    affirm(sqlite3_changes(db) > changes);
+    affirm(sqlite3_total_changes(db) > changesT);
+    affirm(sqlite3_changes64(db) > changes64);
+    affirm(sqlite3_total_changes64(db) > changesT64);
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a DESC;");
+    affirm( sqlite3_stmt_readonly(stmt) );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_stmt_busy(stmt) );
+    int total2 = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      affirm( sqlite3_stmt_busy(stmt) );
+      total2 += sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);
+      sqlite3_value sv = sqlite3_column_value(stmt, 0);
+      affirm( null != sv );
+      affirm( 0 != sv.getNativePointer() );
+      affirm( SQLITE_INTEGER == sqlite3_value_type(sv) );
+    }
+    affirm( !sqlite3_stmt_busy(stmt) );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm(total1 == total2);
+
+    // sqlite3_value_frombind() checks...
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT 1, ?");
+    sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, 2);
+    rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    affirm( SQLITE_ROW==rc );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_column_value(stmt, 0)) );
+    affirm( sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_column_value(stmt, 1)) );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm(0 == db.getNativePointer());
+  }
+
+  private void testBindFetchInt64(){
+    try (sqlite3 db = createNewDb()){
+      execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a)");
+      sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(?);");
+      long total1 = 0;
+      for(long i = 0xffffffff; i < 0xffffffff + 3; ++i ){
+        total1 += i;
+        sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt, 1, i);
+        sqlite3_step(stmt);
+        sqlite3_reset(stmt);
+      }
+      sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+      stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a DESC;");
+      long total2 = 0;
+      while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+        total2 += sqlite3_column_int64(stmt, 0);
+      }
+      sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+      affirm(total1 == total2);
+      //sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void testBindFetchDouble(){
+    try (sqlite3 db = createNewDb()){
+      execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a)");
+      sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(?);");
+      double total1 = 0;
+      for(double i = 1.5; i < 5.0; i = i + 1.0 ){
+        total1 += i;
+        sqlite3_bind_double(stmt, 1, i);
+        sqlite3_step(stmt);
+        sqlite3_reset(stmt);
+      }
+      sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+      stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a DESC;");
+      double total2 = 0;
+      int counter = 0;
+      while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+        ++counter;
+        total2 += sqlite3_column_double(stmt, 0);
+      }
+      affirm(4 == counter);
+      sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+      affirm(total2<=total1+0.01 && total2>=total1-0.01);
+      //sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void testBindFetchText(){
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a)");
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(?);");
+    String[] list1 = { "hell🤩", "w😃rld", "!🤩" };
+    int rc;
+    int n = 0;
+    for( String e : list1 ){
+      rc = (0==n)
+        ? sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, e)
+        : sqlite3_bind_text16(stmt, 1, e);
+      affirm(0 == rc);
+      rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+      affirm(SQLITE_DONE==rc);
+      sqlite3_reset(stmt);
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a DESC;");
+    StringBuilder sbuf = new StringBuilder();
+    n = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final sqlite3_value sv = sqlite3_value_dup(sqlite3_column_value(stmt,0));
+      final String txt = sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, 0);
+      sbuf.append( txt );
+      affirm( txt.equals(new String(
+                           sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0),
+                           StandardCharsets.UTF_8
+                         )) );
+      affirm( txt.length() < sqlite3_value_bytes(sv) );
+      affirm( txt.equals(new String(
+                           sqlite3_value_text(sv),
+                           StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) );
+      affirm( txt.length() == sqlite3_value_bytes16(sv)/2 );
+      affirm( txt.equals(sqlite3_value_text16(sv)) );
+      sqlite3_value_free(sv);
+      ++n;
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm(3 == n);
+    affirm("w😃rldhell🤩!🤩".equals(sbuf.toString()));
+
+    try( sqlite3_stmt stmt2 = prepare(db, "SELECT ?, ?") ){
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt2, 1, "");
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt2, 2, (String)null);
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+      rc = sqlite3_step(stmt2);
+      affirm( SQLITE_ROW==rc );
+      byte[] colBa = sqlite3_column_text(stmt2, 0);
+      affirm( 0==colBa.length );
+      colBa = sqlite3_column_text(stmt2, 1);
+      affirm( null==colBa );
+      //sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    }
+
+    if(true){
+      sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    }else{
+      // Let the Object.finalize() override deal with it.
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void testBindFetchBlob(){
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a)");
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(?);");
+    byte[] list1 = { 0x32, 0x33, 0x34 };
+    int rc = sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, 1, list1);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    affirm(SQLITE_DONE == rc);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a DESC;");
+    int n = 0;
+    int total = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      byte[] blob = sqlite3_column_blob(stmt, 0);
+      affirm(3 == blob.length);
+      int i = 0;
+      for(byte b : blob){
+        affirm(b == list1[i++]);
+        total += b;
+      }
+      ++n;
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm(1 == n);
+    affirm(total == 0x32 + 0x33 + 0x34);
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testSql(){
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT 1");
+    affirm( "SELECT 1".equals(sqlite3_sql(stmt)) );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT ?");
+    sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, "hell😃");
+    final String expect = "SELECT 'hell😃'";
+    affirm( expect.equals(sqlite3_expanded_sql(stmt)) );
+    String n = sqlite3_normalized_sql(stmt);
+    affirm( null==n || "SELECT?;".equals(n) );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    sqlite3_close(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testCollation(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES('a'),('b'),('c')");
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> xDestroyCalled = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final CollationCallback myCollation = new CollationCallback() {
+        private String myState =
+          "this is local state. There is much like it, but this is mine.";
+        @Override
+        // Reverse-sorts its inputs...
+        public int call(byte[] lhs, byte[] rhs){
+          int len = lhs.length > rhs.length ? rhs.length : lhs.length;
+          int c = 0, i = 0;
+          for(i = 0; i < len; ++i){
+            c = lhs[i] - rhs[i];
+            if(0 != c) break;
+          }
+          if(0==c){
+            if(i < lhs.length) c = 1;
+            else if(i < rhs.length) c = -1;
+          }
+          return -c;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public void xDestroy() {
+          // Just demonstrates that xDestroy is called.
+          ++xDestroyCalled.value;
+        }
+      };
+    final CollationNeededCallback collLoader = new CollationNeededCallback(){
+        @Override
+        public int call(sqlite3 dbArg, int eTextRep, String collationName){
+          affirm(dbArg == db/* as opposed to a temporary object*/);
+          return sqlite3_create_collation(dbArg, "reversi", eTextRep, myCollation);
+        }
+      };
+    int rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(db, collLoader);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(db, collLoader);
+    affirm( 0 == rc /* Installing the same object again is a no-op */);
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a COLLATE reversi");
+    int counter = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final String val = sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, 0);
+      ++counter;
+      //outln("REVERSI'd row#"+counter+": "+val);
+      switch(counter){
+        case 1: affirm("c".equals(val)); break;
+        case 2: affirm("b".equals(val)); break;
+        case 3: affirm("a".equals(val)); break;
+      }
+    }
+    affirm(3 == counter);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT a FROM t ORDER BY a");
+    counter = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final String val = sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, 0);
+      ++counter;
+      //outln("Non-REVERSI'd row#"+counter+": "+val);
+      switch(counter){
+        case 3: affirm("c".equals(val)); break;
+        case 2: affirm("b".equals(val)); break;
+        case 1: affirm("a".equals(val)); break;
+      }
+    }
+    affirm(3 == counter);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 0 == xDestroyCalled.value );
+    rc = sqlite3_collation_needed(db, null);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm( 0 == db.getNativePointer() );
+    affirm( 1 == xDestroyCalled.value );
+  }
+
+  @SingleThreadOnly /* because it's thread-agnostic */
+  private void testToUtf8(){
+    /**
+       https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/nio/charset/Charset.html
+
+       Let's ensure that we can convert to standard UTF-8 in Java code
+       (noting that the JNI native API has no way to do this).
+    */
+    final byte[] ba = "a \0 b".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    affirm( 5 == ba.length /* as opposed to 6 in modified utf-8 */);
+  }
+
+  private void testStatus(){
+    final OutputPointer.Int64 cur64 = new OutputPointer.Int64();
+    final OutputPointer.Int64 high64 = new OutputPointer.Int64();
+    final OutputPointer.Int32 cur32 = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+    final OutputPointer.Int32 high32 = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    execSql(db, "create table t(a); insert into t values(1),(2),(3)");
+
+    int rc = sqlite3_status(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, cur32, high32, false);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    affirm( cur32.value > 0 );
+    affirm( high32.value >= cur32.value );
+
+    rc = sqlite3_status64(SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED, cur64, high64, false);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    affirm( cur64.value > 0 );
+    affirm( high64.value >= cur64.value );
+
+    cur32.value = 0;
+    high32.value = 1;
+    rc = sqlite3_db_status(db, SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED, cur32, high32, false);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    affirm( cur32.value > 0 );
+    affirm( high32.value == 0 /* always 0 for SCHEMA_USED */ );
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testUdf1(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    // These ValueHolders are just to confirm that the func did what we want...
+    final ValueHolder<Boolean> xDestroyCalled = new ValueHolder<>(false);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> xFuncAccum = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<sqlite3_value[]> neverEverDoThisInClientCode = new ValueHolder<>(null);
+    final ValueHolder<sqlite3_context> neverEverDoThisInClientCode2 = new ValueHolder<>(null);
+
+    // Create an SQLFunction instance using one of its 3 subclasses:
+    // Scalar, Aggregate, or Window:
+    SQLFunction func =
+      // Each of the 3 subclasses requires a different set of
+      // functions, all of which must be implemented.  Anonymous
+      // classes are a convenient way to implement these.
+      new ScalarFunction(){
+        public void xFunc(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+          affirm(db == sqlite3_context_db_handle(cx));
+          if( null==neverEverDoThisInClientCode.value ){
+            /* !!!NEVER!!! hold a reference to an sqlite3_value or
+               sqlite3_context object like this in client code! They
+               are ONLY legal for the duration of their single
+               call. We do it here ONLY to test that the defenses
+               against clients doing this are working. */
+            neverEverDoThisInClientCode2.value = cx;
+            neverEverDoThisInClientCode.value = args;
+          }
+          int result = 0;
+          for( sqlite3_value v : args ) result += sqlite3_value_int(v);
+          xFuncAccum.value += result;// just for post-run testing
+          sqlite3_result_int(cx, result);
+        }
+        /* OPTIONALLY override xDestroy... */
+        public void xDestroy(){
+          xDestroyCalled.value = true;
+        }
+      };
+
+    // Register and use the function...
+    int rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "myfunc", -1, SQLITE_UTF8, func);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    affirm(0 == xFuncAccum.value);
+    final sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT myfunc(1,2,3)");
+    int n = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      affirm( 6 == sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0) );
+      ++n;
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm(1 == n);
+    affirm(6 == xFuncAccum.value);
+    affirm( !xDestroyCalled.value );
+    affirm( null!=neverEverDoThisInClientCode.value );
+    affirm( null!=neverEverDoThisInClientCode2.value );
+    affirm( 0<neverEverDoThisInClientCode.value.length );
+    affirm( 0==neverEverDoThisInClientCode2.value.getNativePointer() );
+    for( sqlite3_value sv : neverEverDoThisInClientCode.value ){
+      affirm( 0==sv.getNativePointer() );
+    }
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm( xDestroyCalled.value );
+  }
+
+  private void testUdfThrows(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> xFuncAccum = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+
+    SQLFunction funcAgg = new AggregateFunction<Integer>(){
+        @Override public void xStep(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+          /** Throwing from here should emit loud noise on stdout or stderr
+              but the exception is supressed because we have no way to inform
+              sqlite about it from these callbacks. */
+          //throw new RuntimeException("Throwing from an xStep");
+        }
+        @Override public void xFinal(sqlite3_context cx){
+          throw new RuntimeException("Throwing from an xFinal");
+        }
+      };
+    int rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "myagg", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, funcAgg);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    affirm(0 == xFuncAccum.value);
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT myagg(1)");
+    rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 0 != rc );
+    affirm( sqlite3_errmsg(db).indexOf("an xFinal") > 0 );
+
+    SQLFunction funcSc = new ScalarFunction(){
+        @Override public void xFunc(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+          throw new RuntimeException("Throwing from an xFunc");
+        }
+      };
+    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "mysca", 0, SQLITE_UTF8, funcSc);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    affirm(0 == xFuncAccum.value);
+    stmt = prepare(db, "SELECT mysca()");
+    rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 0 != rc );
+    affirm( sqlite3_errmsg(db).indexOf("an xFunc") > 0 );
+    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "mysca", 1, -1, funcSc);
+    affirm( SQLITE_FORMAT==rc, "invalid encoding value." );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  @SingleThreadOnly
+  private void testUdfJavaObject(){
+    affirm( !mtMode );
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<sqlite3> testResult = new ValueHolder<>(db);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> boundObj = new ValueHolder<>(42);
+    final SQLFunction func = new ScalarFunction(){
+        public void xFunc(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value args[]){
+          sqlite3_result_java_object(cx, testResult.value);
+          affirm( sqlite3_value_java_object(args[0]) == boundObj );
+        }
+      };
+    int rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "myfunc", -1, SQLITE_UTF8, func);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "select myfunc(?)");
+    affirm( 0 != stmt.getNativePointer() );
+    affirm( testResult.value == db );
+    rc = sqlite3_bind_java_object(stmt, 1, boundObj);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    int n = 0;
+    if( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final sqlite3_value v = sqlite3_column_value(stmt, 0);
+      affirm( testResult.value == sqlite3_value_java_object(v) );
+      affirm( testResult.value == sqlite3_value_java_casted(v, sqlite3.class) );
+      affirm( testResult.value ==
+              sqlite3_value_java_casted(v, testResult.value.getClass()) );
+      affirm( testResult.value == sqlite3_value_java_casted(v, Object.class) );
+      affirm( null == sqlite3_value_java_casted(v, String.class) );
+      ++n;
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 1 == n );
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_db_release_memory(db) );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testUdfAggregate(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Boolean> xFinalNull =
+      // To confirm that xFinal() is called with no aggregate state
+      // when the corresponding result set is empty.
+      new ValueHolder<>(false);
+    SQLFunction func = new AggregateFunction<Integer>(){
+        @Override
+        public void xStep(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+          final ValueHolder<Integer> agg = this.getAggregateState(cx, 0);
+          agg.value += sqlite3_value_int(args[0]);
+          affirm( agg == this.getAggregateState(cx, 0) );
+        }
+        @Override
+        public void xFinal(sqlite3_context cx){
+          final Integer v = this.takeAggregateState(cx);
+          if(null == v){
+            xFinalNull.value = true;
+            sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+          }else{
+            sqlite3_result_int(cx, v);
+          }
+        }
+      };
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(1),(2),(3)");
+    int rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "myfunc", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, func);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db, "select myfunc(a), myfunc(a+10) from t");
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_stmt_status(stmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN, false) );
+    int n = 0;
+    if( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      int v = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);
+      affirm( 6 == v );
+      int v2 = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 1);
+      affirm( 30+v == v2 );
+      ++n;
+    }
+    affirm( 1==n );
+    affirm(!xFinalNull.value);
+    sqlite3_reset(stmt);
+    affirm( 1==sqlite3_stmt_status(stmt, SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN, false) );
+    // Ensure that the accumulator is reset on subsequent calls...
+    n = 0;
+    if( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final int v = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);
+      affirm( 6 == v );
+      ++n;
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 1==n );
+
+    stmt = prepare(db, "select myfunc(a), myfunc(a+a) from t order by a");
+    n = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final int c0 = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);
+      final int c1 = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 1);
+      ++n;
+      affirm( 6 == c0 );
+      affirm( 12 == c1 );
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 1 == n );
+    affirm(!xFinalNull.value);
+
+    execSql(db, "SELECT myfunc(1) WHERE 0");
+    affirm(xFinalNull.value);
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testUdfWindow(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    /* Example window function, table, and results taken from:
+       https://sqlite.org/windowfunctions.html#udfwinfunc */
+    final SQLFunction func = new WindowFunction<Integer>(){
+
+        private void xStepInverse(sqlite3_context cx, int v){
+          this.getAggregateState(cx,0).value += v;
+        }
+        @Override public void xStep(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+          this.xStepInverse(cx, sqlite3_value_int(args[0]));
+        }
+        @Override public void xInverse(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+          this.xStepInverse(cx, -sqlite3_value_int(args[0]));
+        }
+
+        private void xFinalValue(sqlite3_context cx, Integer v){
+          if(null == v) sqlite3_result_null(cx);
+          else sqlite3_result_int(cx, v);
+        }
+        @Override public void xFinal(sqlite3_context cx){
+          xFinalValue(cx, this.takeAggregateState(cx));
+        }
+        @Override public void xValue(sqlite3_context cx){
+          xFinalValue(cx, this.getAggregateState(cx,null).value);
+        }
+      };
+    int rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "winsumint", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, func);
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    execSql(db, new String[] {
+        "CREATE TEMP TABLE twin(x, y); INSERT INTO twin VALUES",
+        "('a', 4),('b', 5),('c', 3),('d', 8),('e', 1)"
+      });
+    final sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db,
+                         "SELECT x, winsumint(y) OVER ("+
+                         "ORDER BY x ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING"+
+                         ") AS sum_y "+
+                         "FROM twin ORDER BY x;");
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    int n = 0;
+    while( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) ){
+      final String s = sqlite3_column_text16(stmt, 0);
+      final int i = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 1);
+      switch(++n){
+        case 1: affirm( "a".equals(s) && 9==i ); break;
+        case 2: affirm( "b".equals(s) && 12==i ); break;
+        case 3: affirm( "c".equals(s) && 16==i ); break;
+        case 4: affirm( "d".equals(s) && 12==i ); break;
+        case 5: affirm( "e".equals(s) && 9==i ); break;
+        default: affirm( false /* cannot happen */ );
+      }
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    affirm( 5 == n );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void listBoundMethods(){
+    if(false){
+      final java.lang.reflect.Field[] declaredFields =
+        CApi.class.getDeclaredFields();
+      outln("Bound constants:\n");
+      for(java.lang.reflect.Field field : declaredFields) {
+        if(java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
+          outln("\t",field.getName());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    final java.lang.reflect.Method[] declaredMethods =
+      CApi.class.getDeclaredMethods();
+    final java.util.List<String> funcList = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
+    for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : declaredMethods){
+      if((m.getModifiers() & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) != 0){
+        final String name = m.getName();
+        if(name.startsWith("sqlite3_")){
+          funcList.add(name);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    int count = 0;
+    java.util.Collections.sort(funcList);
+    for(String n : funcList){
+      ++count;
+      outln("\t",n,"()");
+    }
+    outln(count," functions named sqlite3_*.");
+  }
+
+  private void testTrace(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    /* Ensure that characters outside of the UTF BMP survive the trip
+       from Java to sqlite3 and back to Java. (At no small efficiency
+       penalty.) */
+    final String nonBmpChar = "😃";
+    int rc = sqlite3_trace_v2(
+      db, SQLITE_TRACE_STMT | SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE
+          | SQLITE_TRACE_ROW | SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE,
+      new TraceV2Callback(){
+        @Override public int call(int traceFlag, Object pNative, Object x){
+          ++counter.value;
+          //outln("TRACE "+traceFlag+" pNative = "+pNative.getClass().getName());
+          switch(traceFlag){
+            case SQLITE_TRACE_STMT:
+              affirm(pNative instanceof sqlite3_stmt);
+              //outln("TRACE_STMT sql = "+x);
+              affirm(x instanceof String);
+              affirm( ((String)x).indexOf(nonBmpChar) > 0 );
+              break;
+            case SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE:
+              affirm(pNative instanceof sqlite3_stmt);
+              affirm(x instanceof Long);
+              //outln("TRACE_PROFILE time = "+x);
+              break;
+            case SQLITE_TRACE_ROW:
+              affirm(pNative instanceof sqlite3_stmt);
+              affirm(null == x);
+              //outln("TRACE_ROW = "+sqlite3_column_text16((sqlite3_stmt)pNative, 0));
+              break;
+            case SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE:
+              affirm(pNative instanceof sqlite3);
+              affirm(null == x);
+              break;
+            default:
+              affirm(false /*cannot happen*/);
+              break;
+          }
+          return 0;
+        }
+      });
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    execSql(db, "SELECT coalesce(null,null,'"+nonBmpChar+"'); "+
+            "SELECT 'w"+nonBmpChar+"orld'");
+    affirm( 6 == counter.value );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm( 7 == counter.value );
+  }
+
+  @SingleThreadOnly /* because threads inherently break this test */
+  private static void testBusy(){
+    final String dbName = "_busy-handler.db";
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 outDb = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+
+    int rc = sqlite3_open(dbName, outDb);
+    ++metrics.dbOpen;
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    final sqlite3 db1 = outDb.get();
+    execSql(db1, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t(a)");
+    rc = sqlite3_open(dbName, outDb);
+    ++metrics.dbOpen;
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    affirm( outDb.get() != db1 );
+    final sqlite3 db2 = outDb.get();
+
+    affirm( "main".equals( sqlite3_db_name(db1, 0) ) );
+    rc = sqlite3_db_config(db1, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME, "foo");
+    affirm( sqlite3_db_filename(db1, "foo").endsWith(dbName) );
+    affirm( "foo".equals( sqlite3_db_name(db1, 0) ) );
+
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> xBusyCalled = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    BusyHandlerCallback handler = new BusyHandlerCallback(){
+        @Override public int call(int n){
+          //outln("busy handler #"+n);
+          return n > 2 ? 0 : ++xBusyCalled.value;
+        }
+      };
+    rc = sqlite3_busy_handler(db2, handler);
+    affirm(0 == rc);
+
+    // Force a locked condition...
+    execSql(db1, "BEGIN EXCLUSIVE");
+    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db2, "SELECT * from t", outStmt);
+    affirm( SQLITE_BUSY == rc);
+    affirm( null == outStmt.get() );
+    affirm( 3 == xBusyCalled.value );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db1);
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db2);
+    try{
+      final java.io.File f = new java.io.File(dbName);
+      f.delete();
+    }catch(Exception e){
+      /* ignore */
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void testProgress(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    sqlite3_progress_handler(db, 1, new ProgressHandlerCallback(){
+        @Override public int call(){
+          ++counter.value;
+          return 0;
+        }
+      });
+    execSql(db, "SELECT 1; SELECT 2;");
+    affirm( counter.value > 0 );
+    int nOld = counter.value;
+    sqlite3_progress_handler(db, 0, null);
+    execSql(db, "SELECT 1; SELECT 2;");
+    affirm( nOld == counter.value );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testCommitHook(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> hookResult = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final CommitHookCallback theHook = new CommitHookCallback(){
+        @Override public int call(){
+          ++counter.value;
+          return hookResult.value;
+        }
+      };
+    CommitHookCallback oldHook = sqlite3_commit_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES('a'),('b'),('c')");
+    affirm( 2 == counter.value );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; SELECT 1; SELECT 2; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 2 == counter.value /* NOT invoked if no changes are made */ );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; update t set a='d' where a='c'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 3 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_commit_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; update t set a='e' where a='d'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 4 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_commit_hook(db, null);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; update t set a='f' where a='e'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 4 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_commit_hook(db, null);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; update t set a='g' where a='f'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 4 == counter.value );
+
+    final CommitHookCallback newHook = new CommitHookCallback(){
+        @Override public int call(){return 0;}
+      };
+    oldHook = sqlite3_commit_hook(db, newHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; update t set a='h' where a='g'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 4 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_commit_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( newHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN; update t set a='i' where a='h'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    hookResult.value = SQLITE_ERROR;
+    int rc = execSql(db, false, "BEGIN; update t set a='j' where a='i'; COMMIT;");
+    affirm( SQLITE_CONSTRAINT == rc );
+    affirm( 6 == counter.value );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testUpdateHook(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> expectedOp = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final UpdateHookCallback theHook = new UpdateHookCallback(){
+        @Override
+        public void call(int opId, String dbName, String tableName, long rowId){
+          ++counter.value;
+          if( 0!=expectedOp.value ){
+            affirm( expectedOp.value == opId );
+          }
+        }
+      };
+    UpdateHookCallback oldHook = sqlite3_update_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_INSERT;
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES('a'),('b'),('c')");
+    affirm( 3 == counter.value );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_UPDATE;
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='d' where a='c';");
+    affirm( 4 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_update_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_DELETE;
+    execSql(db, "DELETE FROM t where a='d'");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_update_hook(db, null);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='e' where a='b';");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_update_hook(db, null);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+
+    final UpdateHookCallback newHook = new UpdateHookCallback(){
+        @Override public void call(int opId, String dbName, String tableName, long rowId){
+        }
+      };
+    oldHook = sqlite3_update_hook(db, newHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='h' where a='a'");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_update_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( newHook == oldHook );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_UPDATE;
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='i' where a='h'");
+    affirm( 6 == counter.value );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     This test is functionally identical to testUpdateHook(), only with a
+     different callback type.
+  */
+  private void testPreUpdateHook(){
+    if( !sqlite3_compileoption_used("ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK") ){
+      //outln("Skipping testPreUpdateHook(): no pre-update hook support.");
+      return;
+    }
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> expectedOp = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final PreupdateHookCallback theHook = new PreupdateHookCallback(){
+        @Override
+        public void call(sqlite3 db, int opId, String dbName, String dbTable,
+                         long iKey1, long iKey2 ){
+          ++counter.value;
+          switch( opId ){
+            case SQLITE_UPDATE:
+              affirm( 0 < sqlite3_preupdate_count(db) );
+              affirm( null != sqlite3_preupdate_new(db, 0) );
+              affirm( null != sqlite3_preupdate_old(db, 0) );
+              break;
+            case SQLITE_INSERT:
+              affirm( null != sqlite3_preupdate_new(db, 0) );
+              break;
+            case SQLITE_DELETE:
+              affirm( null != sqlite3_preupdate_old(db, 0) );
+              break;
+            default:
+              break;
+          }
+          if( 0!=expectedOp.value ){
+            affirm( expectedOp.value == opId );
+          }
+        }
+      };
+    PreupdateHookCallback oldHook = sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_INSERT;
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES('a'),('b'),('c')");
+    affirm( 3 == counter.value );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_UPDATE;
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='d' where a='c';");
+    affirm( 4 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_DELETE;
+    execSql(db, "DELETE FROM t where a='d'");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db, null);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='e' where a='b';");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db, null);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+
+    final PreupdateHookCallback newHook = new PreupdateHookCallback(){
+        @Override
+        public void call(sqlite3 db, int opId, String dbName,
+                         String tableName, long iKey1, long iKey2){
+        }
+      };
+    oldHook = sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db, newHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='h' where a='a'");
+    affirm( 5 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_preupdate_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( newHook == oldHook );
+    expectedOp.value = SQLITE_UPDATE;
+    execSql(db, "update t set a='i' where a='h'");
+    affirm( 6 == counter.value );
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testRollbackHook(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final RollbackHookCallback theHook = new RollbackHookCallback(){
+        @Override public void call(){
+          ++counter.value;
+        }
+      };
+    RollbackHookCallback oldHook = sqlite3_rollback_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( null == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES('a'),('b'),('c')");
+    affirm( 0 == counter.value );
+    execSql(db, false, "BEGIN; SELECT 1; SELECT 2; ROLLBACK;");
+    affirm( 1 == counter.value /* contra to commit hook, is invoked if no changes are made */ );
+
+    final RollbackHookCallback newHook = new RollbackHookCallback(){
+        @Override public void call(){return;}
+      };
+    oldHook = sqlite3_rollback_hook(db, newHook);
+    affirm( theHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, false, "BEGIN; SELECT 1; ROLLBACK;");
+    affirm( 1 == counter.value );
+    oldHook = sqlite3_rollback_hook(db, theHook);
+    affirm( newHook == oldHook );
+    execSql(db, false, "BEGIN; SELECT 1; ROLLBACK;");
+    affirm( 2 == counter.value );
+    int rc = execSql(db, false, "BEGIN; SELECT 1; ROLLBACK;");
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    affirm( 3 == counter.value );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     If FTS5 is available, runs FTS5 tests, else returns with no side
+     effects. If it is available but loading of the FTS5 bits fails,
+     it throws.
+  */
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  @SingleThreadOnly /* because the Fts5 parts are not yet known to be
+                       thread-safe */
+  private void testFts5() throws Exception {
+    if( !sqlite3_compileoption_used("ENABLE_FTS5") ){
+      //outln("SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 is not set. Skipping FTS5 tests.");
+      return;
+    }
+    Exception err = null;
+    try {
+      Class t = Class.forName("org.sqlite.jni.fts5.TesterFts5");
+      java.lang.reflect.Constructor ctor = t.getConstructor();
+      ctor.setAccessible(true);
+      final long timeStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
+      ctor.newInstance() /* will run all tests */;
+      final long timeEnd = System.currentTimeMillis();
+      outln("FTS5 Tests done in ",(timeEnd - timeStart),"ms");
+    }catch(ClassNotFoundException e){
+      outln("FTS5 classes not loaded.");
+      err = e;
+    }catch(NoSuchMethodException e){
+      outln("FTS5 tester ctor not found.");
+      err = e;
+    }catch(Exception e){
+      outln("Instantiation of FTS5 tester threw.");
+      err = e;
+    }
+    if( null != err ){
+      outln("Exception: "+err);
+      err.printStackTrace();
+      throw err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void testAuthorizer(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> counter = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> authRc = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final AuthorizerCallback auth = new AuthorizerCallback(){
+        public int call(int op, String s0, String s1, String s2, String s3){
+          ++counter.value;
+          //outln("xAuth(): "+s0+" "+s1+" "+s2+" "+s3);
+          return authRc.value;
+        }
+      };
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a); INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES('a'),('b'),('c')");
+    sqlite3_set_authorizer(db, auth);
+    execSql(db, "UPDATE t SET a=1");
+    affirm( 1 == counter.value );
+    authRc.value = SQLITE_DENY;
+    int rc = execSql(db, false, "UPDATE t SET a=2");
+    affirm( SQLITE_AUTH==rc );
+    // TODO: expand these tests considerably
+    sqlite3_close(db);
+  }
+
+  @SingleThreadOnly /* because multiple threads legitimately make these
+                       results unpredictable */
+  private synchronized void testAutoExtension(){
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> val = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<String> toss = new ValueHolder<>(null);
+    final AutoExtensionCallback ax = new AutoExtensionCallback(){
+        @Override public int call(sqlite3 db){
+          ++val.value;
+          if( null!=toss.value ){
+            throw new RuntimeException(toss.value);
+          }
+          return 0;
+        }
+      };
+    int rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax );
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 1==val.value );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 2==val.value );
+    sqlite3_reset_auto_extension();
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 2==val.value );
+    rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax );
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    // Must not add a new entry
+    rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax );
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    sqlite3_close( createNewDb() );
+    affirm( 3==val.value );
+
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    affirm( 4==val.value );
+    execSql(db, "ATTACH ':memory:' as foo");
+    affirm( 4==val.value, "ATTACH uses the same connection, not sub-connections." );
+    sqlite3_close(db);
+    db = null;
+
+    affirm( sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax) );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax) );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 4==val.value );
+    rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax );
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    Exception err = null;
+    toss.value = "Throwing from auto_extension.";
+    try{
+      sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    }catch(Exception e){
+      err = e;
+    }
+    affirm( err!=null );
+    affirm( err.getMessage().indexOf(toss.value)>0 );
+    toss.value = null;
+
+    val.value = 0;
+    final AutoExtensionCallback ax2 = new AutoExtensionCallback(){
+        @Override public synchronized int call(sqlite3 db){
+          ++val.value;
+          return 0;
+        }
+      };
+    rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax2 );
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 2 == val.value );
+    affirm( sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax) );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax) );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 3 == val.value );
+    rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax );
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 5 == val.value );
+    affirm( sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax2) );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax2) );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 6 == val.value );
+    rc = sqlite3_auto_extension( ax2 );
+    affirm( 0 == rc );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 8 == val.value );
+
+    sqlite3_reset_auto_extension();
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 8 == val.value );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax) );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(ax2) );
+    sqlite3_close(createNewDb());
+    affirm( 8 == val.value );
+  }
+
+
+  private void testColumnMetadata(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    execSql(db, new String[] {
+        "CREATE TABLE t(a duck primary key not null collate noCase); ",
+        "INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(1),(2),(3);"
+      });
+    OutputPointer.Bool bNotNull = new OutputPointer.Bool();
+    OutputPointer.Bool bPrimaryKey = new OutputPointer.Bool();
+    OutputPointer.Bool bAutoinc = new OutputPointer.Bool();
+    OutputPointer.String zCollSeq = new OutputPointer.String();
+    OutputPointer.String zDataType = new OutputPointer.String();
+    int rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+      db, "main", "t", "a", zDataType, zCollSeq,
+      bNotNull, bPrimaryKey, bAutoinc);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    affirm( bPrimaryKey.value );
+    affirm( !bAutoinc.value );
+    affirm( bNotNull.value );
+    affirm( "noCase".equals(zCollSeq.value) );
+    affirm( "duck".equals(zDataType.value) );
+
+    TableColumnMetadata m =
+      sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, "main", "t", "a");
+    affirm( null != m );
+    affirm( bPrimaryKey.value == m.isPrimaryKey() );
+    affirm( bAutoinc.value == m.isAutoincrement() );
+    affirm( bNotNull.value == m.isNotNull() );
+    affirm( zCollSeq.value.equals(m.getCollation()) );
+    affirm( zDataType.value.equals(m.getDataType()) );
+
+    affirm( null == sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, "nope", "t", "a") );
+    affirm( null == sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, "main", "nope", "a") );
+
+    m = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, "main", "t", null)
+      /* Check only for existence of table */;
+    affirm( null != m );
+    affirm( m.isPrimaryKey() );
+    affirm( !m.isAutoincrement() );
+    affirm( !m.isNotNull() );
+    affirm( "BINARY".equalsIgnoreCase(m.getCollation()) );
+    affirm( "INTEGER".equalsIgnoreCase(m.getDataType()) );
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testTxnState(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    affirm( SQLITE_TXN_NONE == sqlite3_txn_state(db, null) );
+    affirm( sqlite3_get_autocommit(db) );
+    execSql(db, "BEGIN;");
+    affirm( !sqlite3_get_autocommit(db) );
+    affirm( SQLITE_TXN_NONE == sqlite3_txn_state(db, null) );
+    execSql(db, "SELECT * FROM sqlite_schema;");
+    affirm( SQLITE_TXN_READ == sqlite3_txn_state(db, "main") );
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE t(a);");
+    affirm( SQLITE_TXN_WRITE ==  sqlite3_txn_state(db, null) );
+    execSql(db, "ROLLBACK;");
+    affirm( SQLITE_TXN_NONE == sqlite3_txn_state(db, null) );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+
+  private void testExplain(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db,"SELECT 1");
+
+    affirm( 0 == sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(stmt) );
+    int rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(stmt, 1);
+    affirm( 1 == sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(stmt) );
+    rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(stmt, 2);
+    affirm( 2 == sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(stmt) );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testLimit(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    int v;
+
+    v = sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH, -1);
+    affirm( v > 0 );
+    affirm( v == sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH, v-1) );
+    affirm( v-1 == sqlite3_limit(db, SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH, -1) );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testComplete(){
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_complete("select 1") );
+    affirm( 0!=sqlite3_complete("select 1;") );
+    affirm( 0!=sqlite3_complete("nope 'nope' 'nope' 1;"), "Yup" );
+  }
+
+  private void testKeyword(){
+    final int n = sqlite3_keyword_count();
+    affirm( n>0 );
+    affirm( !sqlite3_keyword_check("_nope_") );
+    affirm( sqlite3_keyword_check("seLect") );
+    affirm( null!=sqlite3_keyword_name(0) );
+    affirm( null!=sqlite3_keyword_name(n-1) );
+    affirm( null==sqlite3_keyword_name(n) );
+  }
+
+  private void testBackup(){
+    final sqlite3 dbDest = createNewDb();
+
+    try (sqlite3 dbSrc = createNewDb()) {
+      execSql(dbSrc, new String[]{
+          "pragma page_size=512; VACUUM;",
+          "create table t(a);",
+          "insert into t(a) values(1),(2),(3);"
+        });
+      affirm( null==sqlite3_backup_init(dbSrc,"main",dbSrc,"main") );
+      try (sqlite3_backup b = sqlite3_backup_init(dbDest,"main",dbSrc,"main")) {
+        affirm( null!=b );
+        affirm( b.getNativePointer()!=0 );
+        int rc;
+        while( SQLITE_DONE!=(rc = sqlite3_backup_step(b, 1)) ){
+          affirm( 0==rc );
+        }
+        affirm( sqlite3_backup_pagecount(b) > 0 );
+        rc = sqlite3_backup_finish(b);
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+        affirm( b.getNativePointer()==0 );
+      }
+    }
+
+    try (sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(dbDest,"SELECT sum(a) from t")) {
+      sqlite3_step(stmt);
+      affirm( sqlite3_column_int(stmt,0) == 6 );
+    }
+    sqlite3_close_v2(dbDest);
+  }
+
+  private void testRandomness(){
+    byte[] foo = new byte[20];
+    int i = 0;
+    for( byte b : foo ){
+      i += b;
+    }
+    affirm( i==0 );
+    sqlite3_randomness(foo);
+    for( byte b : foo ){
+      if(b!=0) ++i;
+    }
+    affirm( i!=0, "There's a very slight chance that 0 is actually correct." );
+  }
+
+  private void testBlobOpen(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+
+    execSql(db, "CREATE TABLE T(a BLOB);"
+            +"INSERT INTO t(rowid,a) VALUES(1, 'def'),(2, 'XYZ');"
+    );
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_blob pOut = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_blob();
+    int rc = sqlite3_blob_open(db, "main", "t", "a",
+                               sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(db), 1, pOut);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    sqlite3_blob b = pOut.take();
+    affirm( null!=b );
+    affirm( 0!=b.getNativePointer() );
+    affirm( 3==sqlite3_blob_bytes(b) );
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_write( b, new byte[] {100, 101, 102 /*"DEF"*/}, 0);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_close(b);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_close(b);
+    affirm( 0!=rc );
+    affirm( 0==b.getNativePointer() );
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db,"SELECT length(a), a FROM t ORDER BY a");
+    affirm( SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(stmt) );
+    affirm( 3 == sqlite3_column_int(stmt,0) );
+    affirm( "def".equals(sqlite3_column_text16(stmt,1)) );
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+
+    b = sqlite3_blob_open(db, "main", "t", "a",
+                          sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(db), 1);
+    affirm( null!=b );
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_reopen(b, 2);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    final byte[] tgt = new byte[3];
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_read(b, tgt, 0);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    affirm( 100==tgt[0] && 101==tgt[1] && 102==tgt[2], "DEF" );
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_close(b);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void testPrepareMulti(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    final String[] sql = {
+      "create table t(","a)",
+      "; insert into t(a) values(1),(2),(3);",
+      "select a from t;"
+    };
+    final List<sqlite3_stmt> liStmt = new ArrayList<sqlite3_stmt>();
+    final PrepareMultiCallback proxy = new PrepareMultiCallback.StepAll();
+    PrepareMultiCallback m = new PrepareMultiCallback() {
+        @Override public int call(sqlite3_stmt st){
+          liStmt.add(st);
+          return proxy.call(st);
+        }
+      };
+    int rc = sqlite3_prepare_multi(db, sql, m);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+    affirm( liStmt.size() == 3 );
+    for( sqlite3_stmt st : liStmt ){
+      sqlite3_finalize(st);
+    }
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  /* Copy/paste/rename this to add new tests. */
+  private void _testTemplate(){
+    final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db,"SELECT 1");
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+
+  @ManualTest /* we really only want to run this test manually */
+  private void testSleep(){
+    out("Sleeping briefly... ");
+    sqlite3_sleep(600);
+    outln("Woke up.");
+  }
+
+  private void nap() throws InterruptedException {
+    if( takeNaps ){
+      Thread.sleep(java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(3, 17), 0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @ManualTest /* because we only want to run this test on demand */
+  private void testFail(){
+    affirm( false, "Intentional failure." );
+  }
+
+  private void runTests(boolean fromThread) throws Exception {
+    if(false) showCompileOption();
+    List<java.lang.reflect.Method> mlist = testMethods;
+    affirm( null!=mlist );
+    if( shuffle ){
+      mlist = new ArrayList<>( testMethods.subList(0, testMethods.size()) );
+      java.util.Collections.shuffle(mlist);
+    }
+    if( listRunTests ){
+      synchronized(this.getClass()){
+        if( !fromThread ){
+          out("Initial test"," list: ");
+          for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : testMethods){
+            out(m.getName()+" ");
+          }
+          outln();
+          outln("(That list excludes some which are hard-coded to run.)");
+        }
+        out("Running"," tests: ");
+        for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : mlist){
+          out(m.getName()+" ");
+        }
+        outln();
+      }
+    }
+    for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : mlist){
+      nap();
+      try{
+        m.invoke(this);
+      }catch(java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException e){
+        outln("FAILURE: ",m.getName(),"(): ", e.getCause());
+        throw e;
+      }
+    }
+    synchronized( this.getClass() ){
+      ++nTestRuns;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void run() {
+    try {
+      runTests(0!=this.tId);
+    }catch(Exception e){
+      synchronized( listErrors ){
+        listErrors.add(e);
+      }
+    }finally{
+      affirm( sqlite3_java_uncache_thread() );
+      affirm( !sqlite3_java_uncache_thread() );
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Runs the basic sqlite3 JNI binding sanity-check suite.
+
+     CLI flags:
+
+     -q|-quiet: disables most test output.
+
+     -t|-thread N: runs the tests in N threads
+      concurrently. Default=1.
+
+     -r|-repeat N: repeats the tests in a loop N times, each one
+      consisting of the -thread value's threads.
+
+     -shuffle: randomizes the order of most of the test functions.
+
+     -naps: sleep small random intervals between tests in order to add
+     some chaos for cross-thread contention.
+
+     -list-tests: outputs the list of tests being run, minus some
+      which are hard-coded. This is noisy in multi-threaded mode.
+
+     -fail: forces an exception to be thrown during the test run.  Use
+     with -shuffle to make its appearance unpredictable.
+
+     -v: emit some developer-mode info at the end.
+  */
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    Integer nThread = 1;
+    boolean doSomethingForDev = false;
+    Integer nRepeat = 1;
+    boolean forceFail = false;
+    boolean sqlLog = false;
+    boolean configLog = false;
+    boolean squelchTestOutput = false;
+    for( int i = 0; i < args.length; ){
+      String arg = args[i++];
+      if(arg.startsWith("-")){
+        arg = arg.replaceFirst("-+","");
+        if(arg.equals("v")){
+          doSomethingForDev = true;
+          //listBoundMethods();
+        }else if(arg.equals("t") || arg.equals("thread")){
+          nThread = Integer.parseInt(args[i++]);
+        }else if(arg.equals("r") || arg.equals("repeat")){
+          nRepeat = Integer.parseInt(args[i++]);
+        }else if(arg.equals("shuffle")){
+          shuffle = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("list-tests")){
+          listRunTests = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("fail")){
+          forceFail = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("sqllog")){
+          sqlLog = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("configlog")){
+          configLog = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("naps")){
+          takeNaps = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("q") || arg.equals("quiet")){
+          squelchTestOutput = true;
+        }else{
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unhandled flag:"+arg);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if( sqlLog ){
+      if( sqlite3_compileoption_used("ENABLE_SQLLOG") ){
+        final ConfigSqllogCallback log = new ConfigSqllogCallback() {
+            @Override public void call(sqlite3 db, String msg, int op){
+              switch(op){
+                case 0: outln("Opening db: ",db); break;
+                case 1: outln("SQL ",db,": ",msg); break;
+                case 2: outln("Closing db: ",db); break;
+              }
+            }
+          };
+        int rc = sqlite3_config( log );
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+        rc = sqlite3_config( (ConfigSqllogCallback)null );
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+        rc = sqlite3_config( log );
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+      }else{
+        outln("WARNING: -sqllog is not active because library was built ",
+              "without SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG.");
+      }
+    }
+    if( configLog ){
+      final ConfigLogCallback log = new ConfigLogCallback() {
+          @Override public void call(int code, String msg){
+            outln("ConfigLogCallback: ",ResultCode.getEntryForInt(code),": ", msg);
+          };
+        };
+      int rc = sqlite3_config( log );
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+      rc = sqlite3_config( (ConfigLogCallback)null );
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+      rc = sqlite3_config( log );
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+    }
+
+    quietMode = squelchTestOutput;
+    outln("If you just saw warning messages regarding CallStaticObjectMethod, ",
+          "you are very likely seeing the side effects of a known openjdk8 ",
+          "bug. It is unsightly but does not affect the library.");
+
+    {
+      // Build list of tests to run from the methods named test*().
+      testMethods = new ArrayList<>();
+      int nSkipped = 0;
+      for(final java.lang.reflect.Method m : Tester1.class.getDeclaredMethods()){
+        final String name = m.getName();
+        if( name.equals("testFail") ){
+          if( forceFail ){
+            testMethods.add(m);
+          }
+        }else if( !m.isAnnotationPresent( ManualTest.class ) ){
+          if( nThread>1 && m.isAnnotationPresent( SingleThreadOnly.class ) ){
+            if( 0==nSkipped++ ){
+              out("Skipping tests in multi-thread mode:");
+            }
+            out(" "+name+"()");
+          }else if( name.startsWith("test") ){
+            testMethods.add(m);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if( nSkipped>0 ) out("\n");
+    }
+
+    final long timeStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    int nLoop = 0;
+    switch( sqlite3_threadsafe() ){ /* Sanity checking */
+      case 0:
+        affirm( SQLITE_ERROR==sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD ),
+                "Could not switch to single-thread mode." );
+        affirm( SQLITE_ERROR==sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD ),
+                "Could switch to multithread mode."  );
+        affirm( SQLITE_ERROR==sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED ),
+                "Could not switch to serialized threading mode."  );
+        outln("This is a single-threaded build. Not using threads.");
+        nThread = 1;
+        break;
+      case 1:
+      case 2:
+        affirm( 0==sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD ),
+                "Could not switch to single-thread mode." );
+        affirm( 0==sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD ),
+                "Could not switch to multithread mode."  );
+        affirm( 0==sqlite3_config( SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED ),
+                "Could not switch to serialized threading mode."  );
+        break;
+      default:
+        affirm( false, "Unhandled SQLITE_THREADSAFE value." );
+    }
+    outln("libversion_number: ",
+          sqlite3_libversion_number(),"\n",
+          sqlite3_libversion(),"\n",SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,"\n",
+          "SQLITE_THREADSAFE=",sqlite3_threadsafe());
+    final boolean showLoopCount = (nRepeat>1 && nThread>1);
+    if( showLoopCount ){
+      outln("Running ",nRepeat," loop(s) with ",nThread," thread(s) each.");
+    }
+    if( takeNaps ) outln("Napping between tests is enabled.");
+    for( int n = 0; n < nRepeat; ++n ){
+      ++nLoop;
+      if( showLoopCount ) out((1==nLoop ? "" : " ")+nLoop);
+      if( nThread<=1 ){
+        new Tester1(0).runTests(false);
+        continue;
+      }
+      Tester1.mtMode = true;
+      final ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool( nThread );
+      for( int i = 0; i < nThread; ++i ){
+        ex.submit( new Tester1(i), i );
+      }
+      ex.shutdown();
+      try{
+        ex.awaitTermination(nThread*200, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        ex.shutdownNow();
+      }catch (InterruptedException ie){
+        ex.shutdownNow();
+        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+      }
+      if( !listErrors.isEmpty() ){
+        quietMode = false;
+        outln("TEST ERRORS:");
+        Exception err = null;
+        for( Exception e : listErrors ){
+          e.printStackTrace();
+          if( null==err ) err = e;
+        }
+        if( null!=err ) throw err;
+      }
+    }
+    if( showLoopCount ) outln();
+    quietMode = false;
+
+    final long timeEnd = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    outln("Tests done. Metrics across ",nTestRuns," total iteration(s):");
+    outln("\tAssertions checked: ",affirmCount);
+    outln("\tDatabases opened: ",metrics.dbOpen);
+    if( doSomethingForDev ){
+      sqlite3_jni_internal_details();
+    }
+    affirm( 0==sqlite3_release_memory(1) );
+    sqlite3_shutdown();
+    int nMethods = 0;
+    int nNatives = 0;
+    final java.lang.reflect.Method[] declaredMethods =
+      CApi.class.getDeclaredMethods();
+    for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : declaredMethods){
+      final int mod = m.getModifiers();
+      if( 0!=(mod & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) ){
+        final String name = m.getName();
+        if(name.startsWith("sqlite3_")){
+          ++nMethods;
+          if( 0!=(mod & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.NATIVE) ){
+            ++nNatives;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    outln("\tCApi.sqlite3_*() methods: "+
+          nMethods+" total, with "+
+          nNatives+" native, "+
+          (nMethods - nNatives)+" Java"
+    );
+    outln("\tTotal test time = "
+          +(timeEnd - timeStart)+"ms");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TraceV2Callback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TraceV2Callback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56465a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TraceV2Callback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_trace_v2}.
+*/
+public interface TraceV2Callback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Called by sqlite3 for various tracing operations, as per
+     sqlite3_trace_v2(). Note that this interface elides the 2nd
+     argument to the native trace callback, as that role is better
+     filled by instance-local state.
+
+     <p>These callbacks may throw, in which case their exceptions are
+     converted to C-level error information.
+
+     <p>The 2nd argument to this function, if non-null, will be a an
+     sqlite3 or sqlite3_stmt object, depending on the first argument
+     (see below).
+
+     <p>The final argument to this function is the "X" argument
+     documented for sqlite3_trace() and sqlite3_trace_v2(). Its type
+     depends on value of the first argument:
+
+     <p>- SQLITE_TRACE_STMT: pNative is a sqlite3_stmt. pX is a String
+     containing the prepared SQL.
+
+     <p>- SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE: pNative is a sqlite3_stmt. pX is a Long
+     holding an approximate number of nanoseconds the statement took
+     to run.
+
+     <p>- SQLITE_TRACE_ROW: pNative is a sqlite3_stmt. pX is null.
+
+     <p>- SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE: pNative is a sqlite3. pX is null.
+  */
+  int call(int traceFlag, Object pNative, @Nullable Object pX);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/UpdateHookCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/UpdateHookCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..33d72a5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/UpdateHookCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for use with {@link CApi#sqlite3_update_hook}.
+*/
+public interface UpdateHookCallback extends CallbackProxy {
+  /**
+     Must function as described for the C-level sqlite3_update_hook()
+     callback.
+  */
+  void call(int opId, String dbName, String tableName, long rowId);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ValueHolder.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ValueHolder.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b3f03ac8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ValueHolder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a set of tests for the sqlite3 JNI bindings.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A helper class which simply holds a single value. Its primary use
+   is for communicating values out of anonymous classes, as doing so
+   requires a "final" reference.
+*/
+public class ValueHolder<T> {
+  public T value;
+  public ValueHolder(){}
+  public ValueHolder(T v){value = v;}
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/WindowFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/WindowFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eaf1bb9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/WindowFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-25
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+
+/**
+   A SQLFunction implementation for window functions.  Note that
+   WindowFunction inherits from {@link AggregateFunction} and each
+   instance is required to implement the inherited abstract methods
+   from that class. See {@link AggregateFunction} for information on
+   managing the UDF's invocation-specific state.
+*/
+public abstract class WindowFunction<T> extends AggregateFunction<T> {
+
+  /**
+     As for the xInverse() argument of the C API's
+     sqlite3_create_window_function(). If this function throws, the
+     exception is not propagated and a warning might be emitted
+     to a debugging channel.
+  */
+  public abstract void xInverse(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args);
+
+  /**
+     As for the xValue() argument of the C API's sqlite3_create_window_function().
+     See xInverse() for the fate of any exceptions this throws.
+  */
+  public abstract void xValue(sqlite3_context cx);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/XDestroyCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/XDestroyCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..372e4ec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/XDestroyCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file declares JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   Callback for a hook called by SQLite when certain client-provided
+   state are destroyed. It gets its name from the pervasive use of
+   the symbol name xDestroy() for this purpose in the C API
+   documentation.
+*/
+public interface XDestroyCallback {
+  /**
+     Must perform any cleanup required by this object. Must not
+     throw. Must not call back into the sqlite3 API, else it might
+     invoke a deadlock.
+
+     WARNING: as a rule, it is never safe to register individual
+     instances with this interface multiple times in the
+     library. e.g., do not register the same CollationCallback with
+     multiple arities or names using sqlite3_create_collation().  If
+     this rule is violated, the library will eventually try to free
+     each individual reference, leading to memory corruption or a
+     crash via duplicate free().
+  */
+  public void xDestroy();
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/package-info.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/package-info.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..127f3806
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/package-info.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+   This package houses a JNI binding to the SQLite3 C API.
+
+   <p>The primary interfaces are in {@link
+   org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi}.</p>
+
+   <h1>API Goals and Requirements</h1>
+
+   <ul>
+
+     <li>A 1-to-1(-ish) mapping of the C API to Java via JNI, insofar
+     as cross-language semantics allow for. A closely-related goal is
+     that <a href='https://sqlite.org/c3ref/intro.html'>the C
+     documentation</a> should be usable as-is, insofar as possible,
+     for most of the JNI binding. As a rule, undocumented symbols in
+     the Java interface behave as documented for their C API
+     counterpart. Only semantic differences and Java-specific features
+     are documented here.</li>
+
+     <li>Support Java as far back as version 8 (2014).</li>
+
+     <li>Environment-independent. Should work everywhere both Java and
+     SQLite3 do.</li>
+
+     <li>No 3rd-party dependencies beyond the JDK. That includes no
+     build-level dependencies for specific IDEs and toolchains.  We
+     welcome the addition of build files for arbitrary environments
+     insofar as they neither interfere with each other nor become a
+     maintenance burden for the sqlite developers.</li>
+
+  </ul>
+
+  <h2>Non-Goals</h2>
+
+  <ul>
+
+    <li>Creation of high-level OO wrapper APIs. Clients are free to
+    create them off of the C-style API.</li>
+
+    <li>Support for mixed-mode operation, where client code accesses
+    SQLite both via the Java-side API and the C API via their own
+    native code. In such cases, proxy functionalities (primarily
+    callback handler wrappers of all sorts) may fail because the
+    C-side use of the SQLite APIs will bypass those proxies.</li>
+
+  </ul>
+
+   <h1>State of this API</h1>
+
+   <p>As of version 3.43, this software is in "tech preview" form. We
+   tentatively plan to stamp it as stable with the 3.44 release.</p>
+
+   <h1>Threading Considerations</h1>
+
+   <p>This API is, if built with SQLITE_THREADSAFE set to 1 or 2,
+   thread-safe, insofar as the C API guarantees, with some addenda:</p>
+
+   <ul>
+
+     <li>It is not legal to use Java-facing SQLite3 resource handles
+     (sqlite3, sqlite3_stmt, etc) from multiple threads concurrently,
+     nor to use any database-specific resources concurrently in a
+     thread separate from the one the database is currently in use
+     in. i.e. do not use a sqlite3_stmt in thread #2 when thread #1 is
+     using the database which prepared that handle.
+
+     <br>Violating this will eventually corrupt the JNI-level bindings
+     between Java's and C's view of the database. This is a limitation
+     of the JNI bindings, not the lower-level library.
+     </li>
+
+     <li>It is legal to use a given handle, and database-specific
+     resources, across threads, so long as no two threads pass
+     resources owned by the same database into the library
+     concurrently.
+     </li>
+
+   </ul>
+
+   <p>Any number of threads may, of course, create and use any number
+   of database handles they wish. Care only needs to be taken when
+   those handles or their associated resources cross threads, or...</p>
+
+   <p>When built with SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 then no threading guarantees
+   are provided and multi-threaded use of the library will provoke
+   undefined behavior.</p>
+
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..901317f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (sqlite3*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java
+   and C via JNI.
+*/
+public final class sqlite3 extends NativePointerHolder<sqlite3>
+ implements AutoCloseable {
+
+  // Only invoked from JNI
+  private sqlite3(){}
+
+  public String toString(){
+    final long ptr = getNativePointer();
+    if( 0==ptr ){
+      return sqlite3.class.getSimpleName()+"@null";
+    }
+    final String fn = CApi.sqlite3_db_filename(this, "main");
+    return sqlite3.class.getSimpleName()
+      +"@"+String.format("0x%08x",ptr)
+      +"["+((null == fn) ? "<unnamed>" : fn)+"]"
+      ;
+  }
+
+  @Override public void close(){
+    CApi.sqlite3_close_v2(this.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_backup.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_backup.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0ef75c17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_backup.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+** 2023-09-03
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for passing C-level (sqlite3_backup*) instances around in
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+*/
+public final class sqlite3_backup extends NativePointerHolder<sqlite3_backup>
+  implements AutoCloseable {
+  // Only invoked from JNI.
+  private sqlite3_backup(){}
+
+  @Override public void close(){
+    CApi.sqlite3_backup_finish(this);
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_blob.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_blob.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1b96c18b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_blob.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+** 2023-09-03
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for passing C-level (sqlite3_blob*) instances around in
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+*/
+public final class sqlite3_blob extends NativePointerHolder<sqlite3_blob>
+  implements AutoCloseable {
+  // Only invoked from JNI.
+  private sqlite3_blob(){}
+
+  @Override public void close(){
+    CApi.sqlite3_blob_close(this.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..82ec49af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   sqlite3_context instances are used in conjunction with user-defined
+   SQL functions (a.k.a. UDFs).
+*/
+public final class sqlite3_context extends NativePointerHolder<sqlite3_context> {
+  private Long aggregateContext = null;
+
+  /**
+     getAggregateContext() corresponds to C's
+     sqlite3_aggregate_context(), with a slightly different interface
+     to account for cross-language differences. It serves the same
+     purposes in a slightly different way: it provides a key which is
+     stable across invocations of a UDF's callbacks, such that all
+     calls into those callbacks can determine which "set" of those
+     calls they belong to.
+
+     <p>Note that use of this method is not a requirement for proper use
+     of this class. sqlite3_aggregate_context() can also be used.
+
+     <p>If the argument is true and the aggregate context has not yet
+     been set up, it will be initialized and fetched on demand, else it
+     won't. The intent is that xStep(), xValue(), and xInverse()
+     methods pass true and xFinal() methods pass false.
+
+     <p>This function treats numeric 0 as null, always returning null instead
+     of 0.
+
+     <p>If this object is being used in the context of an aggregate or
+     window UDF, this function returns a non-0 value which is distinct
+     for each set of UDF callbacks from a single invocation of the
+     UDF, otherwise it returns 0. The returned value is only only
+     valid within the context of execution of a single SQL statement,
+     and must not be re-used by future invocations of the UDF in
+     different SQL statements.
+
+     <p>Consider this SQL, where MYFUNC is a user-defined aggregate function:
+
+     <pre>{@code
+     SELECT MYFUNC(A), MYFUNC(B) FROM T;
+     }</pre>
+
+     <p>The xStep() and xFinal() methods of the callback need to be able
+     to differentiate between those two invocations in order to
+     perform their work properly. The value returned by
+     getAggregateContext() will be distinct for each of those
+     invocations of MYFUNC() and is intended to be used as a lookup
+     key for mapping callback invocations to whatever client-defined
+     state is needed by the UDF.
+
+     <p>There is one case where this will return null in the context
+     of an aggregate or window function: if the result set has no
+     rows, the UDF's xFinal() will be called without any other x...()
+     members having been called. In that one case, no aggregate
+     context key will have been generated. xFinal() implementations
+     need to be prepared to accept that condition as legal.
+  */
+  public synchronized Long getAggregateContext(boolean initIfNeeded){
+      if( aggregateContext==null ){
+        aggregateContext = CApi.sqlite3_aggregate_context(this, initIfNeeded);
+        if( !initIfNeeded && null==aggregateContext ) aggregateContext = 0L;
+      }
+      return (null==aggregateContext || 0!=aggregateContext) ? aggregateContext : null;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3b8b71f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (sqlite3_stmt*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+*/
+public final class sqlite3_stmt extends NativePointerHolder<sqlite3_stmt>
+  implements AutoCloseable {
+  // Only invoked from JNI.
+  private sqlite3_stmt(){}
+
+  @Override public void close(){
+    CApi.sqlite3_finalize(this.clearNativePointer());
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a4772f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+** 2023-07-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.capi;
+
+public final class sqlite3_value extends NativePointerHolder<sqlite3_value> {
+  //! Invoked only from JNI.
+  private sqlite3_value(){}
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0dceeafd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-05
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+
+/**
+   INCOMPLETE AND COMPLETELY UNTESTED.
+
+   A utility object for holding FTS5-specific types and constants
+   which are used by multiple FTS5 classes.
+*/
+public final class Fts5 {
+  /* Not used */
+  private Fts5(){}
+
+
+  public static final int FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY    = 0x0001;
+  public static final int FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX   = 0x0002;
+  public static final int FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT = 0x0004;
+  public static final int FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX      = 0x0008;
+  public static final int FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED   = 0x0001;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..439b4779
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-04
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.*;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (Fts5Context*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+*/
+public final class Fts5Context extends NativePointerHolder<Fts5Context> {
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..594f3eaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-04
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.*;
+
+/**
+*/
+public final class Fts5ExtensionApi extends NativePointerHolder<Fts5ExtensionApi> {
+  //! Only called from JNI
+  private Fts5ExtensionApi(){}
+  private final int iVersion = 2;
+
+  /* Callback type for used by xQueryPhrase(). */
+  public static interface XQueryPhraseCallback {
+    int call(Fts5ExtensionApi fapi, Fts5Context cx);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Returns the singleton instance of this class.
+  */
+  public static native Fts5ExtensionApi getInstance();
+
+  public native int xColumnCount(@NotNull Fts5Context fcx);
+
+  public native int xColumnSize(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, int iCol,
+                                @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 pnToken);
+
+  public native int xColumnText(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, int iCol,
+                                @NotNull OutputPointer.String txt);
+
+  public native int xColumnTotalSize(@NotNull Fts5Context fcx, int iCol,
+                                     @NotNull OutputPointer.Int64 pnToken);
+
+  public native Object xGetAuxdata(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, boolean clearIt);
+
+  public native int xInst(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, int iIdx,
+                          @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 piPhrase,
+                          @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 piCol,
+                          @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 piOff);
+
+  public native int xInstCount(@NotNull Fts5Context fcx,
+                               @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 pnInst);
+
+  public native int xPhraseCount(@NotNull Fts5Context fcx);
+
+  public native int xPhraseFirst(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, int iPhrase,
+                                 @NotNull Fts5PhraseIter iter,
+                                 @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 iCol,
+                                 @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 iOff);
+
+  public native int xPhraseFirstColumn(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, int iPhrase,
+                                       @NotNull Fts5PhraseIter iter,
+                                       @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 iCol);
+  public native void xPhraseNext(@NotNull Fts5Context cx,
+                                 @NotNull Fts5PhraseIter iter,
+                                 @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 iCol,
+                                 @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 iOff);
+  public native void xPhraseNextColumn(@NotNull Fts5Context cx,
+                                       @NotNull Fts5PhraseIter iter,
+                                       @NotNull OutputPointer.Int32 iCol);
+  public native int xPhraseSize(@NotNull Fts5Context fcx, int iPhrase);
+
+  public native int xQueryPhrase(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, int iPhrase,
+                                 @NotNull XQueryPhraseCallback callback);
+  public native int xRowCount(@NotNull Fts5Context fcx,
+                              @NotNull OutputPointer.Int64 nRow);
+
+  public native long xRowid(@NotNull Fts5Context cx);
+  /* Note that the JNI binding lacks the C version's xDelete()
+     callback argument. Instead, if pAux has an xDestroy() method, it
+     is called if the FTS5 API finalizes the aux state (including if
+     allocation of storage for the auxdata fails). Any reference to
+     pAux held by the JNI layer will be relinquished regardless of
+     whether pAux has an xDestroy() method. */
+
+  public native int xSetAuxdata(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, @Nullable Object pAux);
+
+  public native int xTokenize(@NotNull Fts5Context cx, @NotNull byte[] pText,
+                              @NotNull XTokenizeCallback callback);
+
+  public native Object xUserData(Fts5Context cx);
+  //^^^ returns the pointer passed as the 3rd arg to the C-level
+  // fts5_api::xCreateFunction().
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5774eb59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-04
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.NativePointerHolder;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for C-level Fts5PhraseIter. They are only modified and
+   inspected by native-level code.
+*/
+public final class Fts5PhraseIter extends NativePointerHolder<Fts5PhraseIter> {
+  //! Updated and used only by native code.
+  private long a;
+  private long b;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Tokenizer.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Tokenizer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b72e5d0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Tokenizer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-05x
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.NativePointerHolder;
+
+/**
+   INCOMPLETE AND COMPLETELY UNTESTED.
+
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (Fts5Tokenizer*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+
+   At the C level, the Fts5Tokenizer type is essentially a void
+   pointer used specifically for tokenizers.
+*/
+public final class Fts5Tokenizer extends NativePointerHolder<Fts5Tokenizer> {
+  //! Only called from JNI.
+  private Fts5Tokenizer(){}
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/TesterFts5.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/TesterFts5.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c4264c54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/TesterFts5.java
@@ -0,0 +1,832 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-04
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a set of tests for the sqlite3 JNI bindings.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.Tester1.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.fts5.*;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+public class TesterFts5 {
+
+  private static void test1(){
+    final Fts5ExtensionApi fea = Fts5ExtensionApi.getInstance();
+    affirm( null != fea );
+    affirm( fea.getNativePointer() != 0 );
+    affirm( fea == Fts5ExtensionApi.getInstance() )/*singleton*/;
+
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    fts5_api fApi = fts5_api.getInstanceForDb(db);
+    affirm( fApi != null );
+    affirm( fApi == fts5_api.getInstanceForDb(db) /* singleton per db */ );
+
+    execSql(db, new String[] {
+        "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(a, b);",
+        "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(1, 'X Y', 'Y Z');",
+        "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(2, 'A Z', 'Y Y');"
+      });
+
+    final String pUserData = "This is pUserData";
+    final int outputs[] = {0, 0};
+    final fts5_extension_function func = new fts5_extension_function(){
+        @Override public void call(Fts5ExtensionApi ext, Fts5Context fCx,
+                                   sqlite3_context pCx, sqlite3_value argv[]){
+          final int nCols = ext.xColumnCount(fCx);
+          affirm( 2 == nCols );
+          affirm( nCols == argv.length );
+          affirm( ext.xUserData(fCx) == pUserData );
+          final OutputPointer.String op = new OutputPointer.String();
+          final OutputPointer.Int32 colsz = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+          final OutputPointer.Int64 colTotalSz = new OutputPointer.Int64();
+          for(int i = 0; i < nCols; ++i ){
+            int rc = ext.xColumnText(fCx, i, op);
+            affirm( 0 == rc );
+            final String val = op.value;
+            affirm( val.equals(sqlite3_value_text16(argv[i])) );
+            rc = ext.xColumnSize(fCx, i, colsz);
+            affirm( 0==rc );
+            affirm( 3==sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[i]) );
+            rc = ext.xColumnTotalSize(fCx, i, colTotalSz);
+            affirm( 0==rc );
+          }
+          ++outputs[0];
+        }
+        public void xDestroy(){
+          outputs[1] = 1;
+        }
+      };
+
+    int rc = fApi.xCreateFunction("myaux", pUserData, func);
+    affirm( 0==rc );
+
+    affirm( 0==outputs[0] );
+    execSql(db, "select myaux(ft,a,b) from ft;");
+    affirm( 2==outputs[0] );
+    affirm( 0==outputs[1] );
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+    affirm( 1==outputs[1] );
+  }
+
+  /* 
+  ** Argument sql is a string containing one or more SQL statements
+  ** separated by ";" characters. This function executes each of these
+  ** statements against the database passed as the first argument. If
+  ** no error occurs, the results of the SQL script are returned as
+  ** an array of strings. If an error does occur, a RuntimeException is 
+  ** thrown.
+  */
+  private static String[] sqlite3_exec(sqlite3 db, String sql) {
+    List<String> aOut = new ArrayList<String>();
+
+    /* Iterate through the list of SQL statements. For each, step through
+    ** it and add any results to the aOut[] array.  */
+    int rc = sqlite3_prepare_multi(db, sql, new PrepareMultiCallback() {
+      @Override public int call(sqlite3_stmt pStmt){
+        while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+          int ii;
+          for(ii=0; ii<sqlite3_column_count(pStmt); ii++){
+            aOut.add( sqlite3_column_text16(pStmt, ii) );
+          }
+        }
+        return sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+      }
+    });
+    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+      throw new RuntimeException(sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+    }
+
+    /* Convert to array and return */
+    String[] arr = new String[aOut.size()];
+    return aOut.toArray(arr);
+  }
+
+  /*
+  ** Execute the SQL script passed as the second parameter via 
+  ** sqlite3_exec(). Then affirm() that the results, when converted to
+  ** a string, match the value of the 3rd parameter. Example:
+  **
+  **   do_execsql_test(db, "SELECT 'abc'", "[abc]");
+  **
+  */
+  private static void do_execsql_test(sqlite3 db, String sql, String expect) {
+    String res = Arrays.toString( sqlite3_exec(db, sql) );
+    affirm( res.equals(expect),
+      "got {" + res + "} expected {" + expect + "}"
+    );
+  }
+  private static void do_execsql_test(sqlite3 db, String sql){
+    do_execsql_test(db, sql, "[]");
+  }
+
+  /*
+  ** Create the following custom SQL functions:
+  **
+  **     fts5_rowid()
+  **     fts5_columncount()
+  */
+  private static void create_test_functions(sqlite3 db){
+    /* 
+    ** A user-defined-function fts5_rowid() that uses xRowid()
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_rowid = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        long rowid = ext.xRowid(fCx);
+        sqlite3_result_int64(pCx, rowid);
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /* 
+    ** fts5_columncount() - xColumnCount() 
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_columncount = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        int nCol = ext.xColumnCount(fCx);
+        sqlite3_result_int(pCx, nCol);
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /* 
+    ** fts5_columnsize() - xColumnSize() 
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_columnsize = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_columncount: wrong number of args");
+        }
+        int iCol = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piSz = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        int rc = ext.xColumnSize(fCx, iCol, piSz);
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException( sqlite3_errstr(rc) );
+        }
+        sqlite3_result_int(pCx, piSz.get());
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /* 
+    ** fts5_columntext() - xColumnText() 
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_columntext = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_columntext: wrong number of args");
+        }
+        int iCol = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+
+        OutputPointer.String pzText = new OutputPointer.String();
+        int rc = ext.xColumnText(fCx, iCol, pzText);
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException( sqlite3_errstr(rc) );
+        }
+        sqlite3_result_text16(pCx, pzText.get());
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /* 
+    ** fts5_columntotalsize() - xColumnTotalSize() 
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_columntsize = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException(
+              "fts5_columntotalsize: wrong number of args"
+          );
+        }
+        int iCol = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+
+        OutputPointer.Int64 piSz = new OutputPointer.Int64();
+        int rc = ext.xColumnTotalSize(fCx, iCol, piSz);
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException( sqlite3_errstr(rc) );
+        }
+        sqlite3_result_int64(pCx, piSz.get());
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_aux(<fts>, <value>);
+    */
+    class fts5_aux implements fts5_extension_function {
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length>1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_aux: wrong number of args");
+        }
+
+        boolean bClear = (argv.length==1);
+        Object obj = ext.xGetAuxdata(fCx, bClear);
+        if( obj instanceof String ){
+          sqlite3_result_text16(pCx, (String)obj);
+        }
+
+        if( argv.length==1 ){
+          String val = sqlite3_value_text16(argv[0]);
+          if( !val.equals("") ){
+            ext.xSetAuxdata(fCx, val);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_inst(<fts>);
+    **
+    ** This is used to test the xInstCount() and xInst() APIs. It returns a
+    ** text value containing a Tcl list with xInstCount() elements. Each
+    ** element is itself a list of 3 integers - the phrase number, column
+    ** number and token offset returned by each call to xInst().
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_inst = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=0 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_inst: wrong number of args");
+        }
+
+        OutputPointer.Int32 pnInst = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piPhrase = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piCol = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piOff = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        String ret = new String();
+
+        int rc = ext.xInstCount(fCx, pnInst);
+        int nInst = pnInst.get();
+        int ii;
+
+        for(ii=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<nInst; ii++){
+          ext.xInst(fCx, ii, piPhrase, piCol, piOff);
+          if( ii>0 ) ret += " ";
+          ret += "{"+piPhrase.get()+" "+piCol.get()+" "+piOff.get()+"}";
+        }
+
+        sqlite3_result_text(pCx, ret);
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_pinst(<fts>);
+    **
+    ** Like SQL function fts5_inst(), except using the following
+    **
+    **     xPhraseCount
+    **     xPhraseFirst
+    **     xPhraseNext
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_pinst = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=0 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_pinst: wrong number of args");
+        }
+
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piCol = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piOff = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        String ret = new String();
+        int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+        int nPhrase = ext.xPhraseCount(fCx);
+        int ii;
+
+        for(ii=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<nPhrase; ii++){
+          Fts5PhraseIter pIter = new Fts5PhraseIter();
+          for(rc = ext.xPhraseFirst(fCx, ii, pIter, piCol, piOff);
+              rc==SQLITE_OK && piCol.get()>=0;
+              ext.xPhraseNext(fCx, pIter, piCol, piOff)
+          ){
+            if( !ret.equals("") ) ret += " ";
+            ret += "{"+ii+" "+piCol.get()+" "+piOff.get()+"}";
+          }
+        }
+
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_pinst: rc=" + rc);
+        }else{
+          sqlite3_result_text(pCx, ret);
+        }
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_pcolinst(<fts>);
+    **
+    ** Like SQL function fts5_pinst(), except using the following
+    **
+    **     xPhraseFirstColumn
+    **     xPhraseNextColumn
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_pcolinst = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=0 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_pcolinst: wrong number of args");
+        }
+
+        OutputPointer.Int32 piCol = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+        String ret = new String();
+        int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+        int nPhrase = ext.xPhraseCount(fCx);
+        int ii;
+
+        for(ii=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<nPhrase; ii++){
+          Fts5PhraseIter pIter = new Fts5PhraseIter();
+          for(rc = ext.xPhraseFirstColumn(fCx, ii, pIter, piCol);
+              rc==SQLITE_OK && piCol.get()>=0;
+              ext.xPhraseNextColumn(fCx, pIter, piCol)
+          ){
+            if( !ret.equals("") ) ret += " ";
+            ret += "{"+ii+" "+piCol.get()+"}";
+          }
+        }
+
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_pcolinst: rc=" + rc);
+        }else{
+          sqlite3_result_text(pCx, ret);
+        }
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_rowcount(<fts>);
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_rowcount = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=0 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_rowcount: wrong number of args");
+        }
+        OutputPointer.Int64 pnRow = new OutputPointer.Int64();
+
+        int rc = ext.xRowCount(fCx, pnRow);
+        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+          sqlite3_result_int64(pCx, pnRow.get());
+        }else{
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_rowcount: rc=" + rc);
+        }
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_phrasesize(<fts>);
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_phrasesize = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_phrasesize: wrong number of args");
+        }
+        int iPhrase = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+
+        int sz = ext.xPhraseSize(fCx, iPhrase);
+        sqlite3_result_int(pCx, sz);
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_phrasehits(<fts>, <phrase-number>);
+    **
+    ** Use the xQueryPhrase() API to determine how many hits, in total,
+    ** there are for phrase <phrase-number> in the database.
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_phrasehits = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_phrasesize: wrong number of args");
+        }
+        int iPhrase = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
+        int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+        class MyCallback implements Fts5ExtensionApi.XQueryPhraseCallback {
+          public int nRet = 0;
+          public int getRet() { return nRet; }
+
+          @Override
+          public int call(Fts5ExtensionApi fapi, Fts5Context cx){
+            OutputPointer.Int32 pnInst = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+            int rc = fapi.xInstCount(cx, pnInst);
+            nRet += pnInst.get();
+            return rc;
+          }
+        };
+
+        MyCallback xCall = new MyCallback();
+        rc = ext.xQueryPhrase(fCx, iPhrase, xCall);
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_phrasehits: rc=" + rc);
+        }
+        sqlite3_result_int(pCx, xCall.getRet());
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    /*
+    ** fts5_tokenize(<fts>, <text>)
+    */
+    fts5_extension_function fts5_tokenize = new fts5_extension_function(){
+      @Override public void call(
+          Fts5ExtensionApi ext, 
+          Fts5Context fCx,
+          sqlite3_context pCx, 
+          sqlite3_value argv[]
+      ){
+        if( argv.length!=1 ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_tokenize: wrong number of args");
+        }
+        byte[] utf8 = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+        int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+        class MyCallback implements XTokenizeCallback {
+          private List<String> myList = new ArrayList<String>();
+
+          public String getval() {
+            return String.join("+", myList);
+          }
+
+          @Override
+          public int call(int tFlags, byte[] txt, int iStart, int iEnd){
+            try {
+              String str = new String(txt, "UTF-8");
+              myList.add(str);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+            }
+            return SQLITE_OK;
+          }
+        };
+
+        MyCallback xCall = new MyCallback();
+        ext.xTokenize(fCx, utf8, xCall);
+        sqlite3_result_text16(pCx, xCall.getval());
+
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          throw new RuntimeException("fts5_tokenize: rc=" + rc);
+        }
+      }
+      public void xDestroy(){ }
+    };
+
+    fts5_api api = fts5_api.getInstanceForDb(db);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_rowid", fts5_rowid);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_columncount", fts5_columncount);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_columnsize", fts5_columnsize);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_columntext", fts5_columntext);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_columntotalsize", fts5_columntsize);
+
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_aux1", new fts5_aux());
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_aux2", new fts5_aux());
+
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_inst", fts5_inst);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_pinst", fts5_pinst);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_pcolinst", fts5_pcolinst);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_rowcount", fts5_rowcount);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_phrasesize", fts5_phrasesize);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_phrasehits", fts5_phrasehits);
+    api.xCreateFunction("fts5_tokenize", fts5_tokenize);
+  }
+  /* 
+  ** Test of various Fts5ExtensionApi methods 
+  */
+  private static void test2(){
+
+    /* Open db and populate an fts5 table */
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(a, b);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(-9223372036854775808, 'x', 'x');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(0, 'x', 'x');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(1, 'x y z', 'x y z');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(2, 'x y z', 'x z');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(3, 'x y z', 'x y z');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(rowid, a, b) VALUES(9223372036854775807, 'x', 'x');"
+    );
+
+    create_test_functions(db);
+
+    /* Test that fts5_rowid() seems to work */
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT rowid==fts5_rowid(ft) FROM ft('x')",
+      "[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]"
+    );
+
+    /* Test fts5_columncount() */
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columncount(ft) FROM ft('x')",
+      "[2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]"
+    );
+
+    /* Test fts5_columnsize() */
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columnsize(ft, 0) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 1]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columnsize(ft, 1) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columnsize(ft, -1) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[2, 2, 6, 5, 6, 2]"
+    );
+
+    /* Test that xColumnSize() returns SQLITE_RANGE if the column number
+    ** is out-of range */
+    try {
+      do_execsql_test(db, 
+        "SELECT fts5_columnsize(ft, 2) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid"
+      );
+    } catch( RuntimeException e ){
+      affirm( e.getMessage().matches(".*column index out of range") );
+    }
+
+    /* Test fts5_columntext() */
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columntext(ft, 0) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[x, x, x y z, x y z, x y z, x]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columntext(ft, 1) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[x, x, x y z, x z, x y z, x]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columntext(ft, 2) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[null, null, null, null, null, null]"
+    );
+
+    /* Test fts5_columntotalsize() */
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columntotalsize(ft, 0) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columntotalsize(ft, 1) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT fts5_columntotalsize(ft, -1) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid",
+      "[23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23]"
+    );
+
+    /* Test that xColumnTotalSize() returns SQLITE_RANGE if the column 
+    ** number is out-of range */
+    try {
+      do_execsql_test(db, 
+        "SELECT fts5_columntotalsize(ft, 2) FROM ft('x') ORDER BY rowid"
+      );
+    } catch( RuntimeException e ){
+      affirm( e.getMessage().matches(".*column index out of range") );
+    }
+
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "SELECT rowid, fts5_rowcount(ft) FROM ft('z')",
+      "[1, 6, 2, 6, 3, 6]"
+    );
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  /* 
+  ** Test of various Fts5ExtensionApi methods 
+  */
+  private static void test3(){
+
+    /* Open db and populate an fts5 table */
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(a, b);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('the one', 1);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('the two', 2);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('the three', 3);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('the four', '');"
+    );
+    create_test_functions(db);
+
+    /* Test fts5_aux1() + fts5_aux2() - users of xGetAuxdata and xSetAuxdata */
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_aux1(ft, a) FROM ft('the')",
+      "[null, the one, the two, the three]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_aux2(ft, b) FROM ft('the')",
+      "[null, 1, 2, 3]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_aux1(ft, a), fts5_aux2(ft, b) FROM ft('the')",
+      "[null, null, the one, 1, the two, 2, the three, 3]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_aux1(ft, b), fts5_aux1(ft) FROM ft('the')",
+      "[null, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, null]"
+    );
+  }
+
+  /* 
+  ** Test of various Fts5ExtensionApi methods 
+  */
+  private static void test4(){
+
+    /* Open db and populate an fts5 table */
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    create_test_functions(db);
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(a, b);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('one two three', 'two three four');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('two three four', 'three four five');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(a, b) VALUES('three four five', 'four five six');" 
+    );
+
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_inst(ft) FROM ft('two')",
+      "[{0 0 1} {0 1 0}, {0 0 0}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_inst(ft) FROM ft('four')",
+      "[{0 1 2}, {0 0 2} {0 1 1}, {0 0 1} {0 1 0}]"
+    );
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_inst(ft) FROM ft('a OR b OR four')",
+      "[{2 1 2}, {2 0 2} {2 1 1}, {2 0 1} {2 1 0}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_inst(ft) FROM ft('two four')",
+      "[{0 0 1} {0 1 0} {1 1 2}, {0 0 0} {1 0 2} {1 1 1}]"
+    );
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pinst(ft) FROM ft('two')",
+      "[{0 0 1} {0 1 0}, {0 0 0}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pinst(ft) FROM ft('four')",
+      "[{0 1 2}, {0 0 2} {0 1 1}, {0 0 1} {0 1 0}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pinst(ft) FROM ft('a OR b OR four')",
+      "[{2 1 2}, {2 0 2} {2 1 1}, {2 0 1} {2 1 0}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pinst(ft) FROM ft('two four')",
+      "[{0 0 1} {0 1 0} {1 1 2}, {0 0 0} {1 0 2} {1 1 1}]"
+    );
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pcolinst(ft) FROM ft('two')",
+      "[{0 0} {0 1}, {0 0}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pcolinst(ft) FROM ft('four')",
+      "[{0 1}, {0 0} {0 1}, {0 0} {0 1}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pcolinst(ft) FROM ft('a OR b OR four')",
+      "[{2 1}, {2 0} {2 1}, {2 0} {2 1}]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_pcolinst(ft) FROM ft('two four')",
+      "[{0 0} {0 1} {1 1}, {0 0} {1 0} {1 1}]"
+    );
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_phrasesize(ft, 0) FROM ft('four five six') LIMIT 1;",
+      "[1]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_phrasesize(ft, 0) FROM ft('four + five + six') LIMIT 1;",
+      "[3]"
+    );
+
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private static void test5(){
+    /* Open db and populate an fts5 table */
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    create_test_functions(db);
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, b);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(x) VALUES('one two three four five six seven eight');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(x) VALUES('one two one four one six one eight');" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(x) VALUES('one two three four five six seven eight');"
+    );
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_phrasehits(ft, 0) FROM ft('one') LIMIT 1",
+      "[6]"
+    );
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private static void test6(){
+    sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    create_test_functions(db);
+    do_execsql_test(db, 
+      "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts5(x, b);" +
+      "INSERT INTO ft(x) VALUES('one two three four five six seven eight');" 
+    );
+
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_tokenize(ft, 'abc def ghi') FROM ft('one')",
+      "[abc+def+ghi]"
+    );
+    do_execsql_test(db,
+      "SELECT fts5_tokenize(ft, 'it''s BEEN a...') FROM ft('one')",
+      "[it+s+been+a]"
+    );
+
+    sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private static synchronized void runTests(){
+    test1();
+    test2();
+    test3();
+    test4();
+    test5();
+    test6();
+  }
+
+  public TesterFts5(){
+    runTests();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/XTokenizeCallback.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/XTokenizeCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3aa514f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/XTokenizeCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-04
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+
+
+/**
+   Callback type for use with xTokenize() variants.
+*/
+public interface XTokenizeCallback {
+  int call(int tFlags, byte[] txt, int iStart, int iEnd);
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_api.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_api.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7d2da43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_api.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-05
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.*;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (fts5_api*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+*/
+public final class fts5_api extends NativePointerHolder<fts5_api> {
+  /* Only invoked from JNI */
+  private fts5_api(){}
+
+  public static final int iVersion = 2;
+
+  /**
+     Returns the fts5_api instance associated with the given db, or
+     null if something goes horribly wrong.
+  */
+  public static synchronized native fts5_api getInstanceForDb(@NotNull sqlite3 db);
+
+  public synchronized native int xCreateFunction(@NotNull String name,
+                                                 @Nullable Object userData,
+                                                 @NotNull fts5_extension_function xFunction);
+
+  /**
+     Convenience overload which passes null as the 2nd argument to the
+     3-parameter form.
+  */
+  public int xCreateFunction(@NotNull String name,
+                             @NotNull fts5_extension_function xFunction){
+    return xCreateFunction(name, null, xFunction);
+  }
+
+  // /* Create a new auxiliary function */
+  // int (*xCreateFunction)(
+  //   fts5_api *pApi,
+  //   const char *zName,
+  //   void *pContext,
+  //   fts5_extension_function xFunction,
+  //   void (*xDestroy)(void*)
+  // );
+
+  // Still potentially todo:
+
+  // int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
+  //   fts5_api *pApi,
+  //   const char *zName,
+  //   void *pContext,
+  //   fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
+  //   void (*xDestroy)(void*)
+  // );
+
+  // /* Find an existing tokenizer */
+  // int (*xFindTokenizer)(
+  //   fts5_api *pApi,
+  //   const char *zName,
+  //   void **ppContext,
+  //   fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
+  // );
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_extension_function.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_extension_function.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e47633b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_extension_function.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-05
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_context;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value;
+
+/**
+   JNI-level wrapper for C's fts5_extension_function type.
+*/
+public interface fts5_extension_function {
+  // typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
+  //   const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
+  //   Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
+  //   sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
+  //   int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
+  //   sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
+  // );
+
+  /**
+     The callback implementation, corresponding to the xFunction
+     argument of C's fts5_api::xCreateFunction().
+  */
+  void call(Fts5ExtensionApi ext, Fts5Context fCx,
+            sqlite3_context pCx, sqlite3_value argv[]);
+  /**
+     Is called when this function is destroyed by sqlite3. Typically
+     this function will be empty.
+  */
+  void xDestroy();
+
+  public static abstract class Abstract implements fts5_extension_function {
+    @Override public abstract void call(Fts5ExtensionApi ext, Fts5Context fCx,
+                                        sqlite3_context pCx, sqlite3_value argv[]);
+    @Override public void xDestroy(){}
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_tokenizer.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_tokenizer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f4ada4dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_tokenizer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-05
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the JNI bindings for the sqlite3 C API.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.fts5;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.NativePointerHolder;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.NotNull;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (fts5_tokenizer*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java and C
+   via JNI.
+*/
+public final class fts5_tokenizer extends NativePointerHolder<fts5_tokenizer> {
+  /* Only invoked by JNI */
+  private fts5_tokenizer(){}
+
+  // int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
+  // void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
+
+  public native int xTokenize(@NotNull Fts5Tokenizer t, int tokFlags,
+                              @NotNull byte pText[],
+                              @NotNull XTokenizeCallback callback);
+
+
+  // int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
+  //     void *pCtx,
+  //     int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
+  //     const char *pText, int nText,
+  //     int (*xToken)(
+  //       void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
+  //       int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
+  //       const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
+  //       int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
+  //       int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
+  //       int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
+  //     )
+  // );
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/test-script-interpreter.md b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/test-script-interpreter.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a51d64d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/test-script-interpreter.md
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+# Specifications For A Rudimentary SQLite Test Script Interpreter
+
+## Overview
+
+The purpose of the Test Script Interpreter is to read and interpret
+script files that contain SQL commands and desired results.  The
+interpreter will check results and report an discrepencies found.
+
+The test script files are ASCII text files.  The filename always ends with
+".test".  Each script is evaluated independently; context does not carry
+forward from one script to the next.  So, for example, the --null command
+run in one test script does not cause any changes in the behavior of
+subsequent test scripts.  All open database connections are closed
+at the end of each test script.  All database files created by a test
+script are deleted when the script finishes.
+
+## Parsing Rules:
+
+  1.   The test script is read line by line, where a line is a sequence of
+       characters that runs up to the next '\\n' (0x0a) character or until
+       the end of the file.  There is never a need to read ahead past the
+       end of the current line.
+
+  2.   If any line contains the string " MODULE_NAME:" (with a space before
+       the initial "M") or "MIXED_MODULE_NAME:" then that test script is
+       incompatible with this spec.  Processing of the test script should
+       end immediately.  There is no need to read any more of the file.
+       In verbose mode, the interpreter might choose to emit an informational
+       messages saying that the test script was abandoned due to an
+       incompatible module type.
+
+  3.   If any line contains the string "SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:" then the input
+       script is known to be of the correct type for this specification and
+       processing may continue.  The "MODULE_NAME" checking in steps 2 and 3
+       may optionally be discontinued after sighting a "SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME".
+
+  4.   If any line contains "REQUIRED_PROPERTIES:" and that substring is followed
+       by any non-whitespace text, then the script is not compatible with this
+       spec.  Processing should stop immediately.  In verbose mode, the
+       interpreter might choose to emit an information message saying that the
+       test script was abandoned due to unsupported requirement properties.
+
+  5.   If any line begins with the "\|" (0x7c) character, that indicates that
+       the input script is not compatible with this specification.  Processing
+       of the script should stop immediately.  In verbose mode, the interpreter
+       might choose to emit an informational message indicating that the
+       test script was abandoned because it contained "a dbtotxt format database
+       specification".
+
+  6.   Any line that begins with "#" is a C-preprocessor line.  The interpreter
+       described by this spec does not know how to deal with C-preprocessor lines.
+       Hence, processing should be abandoned.  In verbose mode, the interpreter
+       might emit an informational message similar to
+       "script NAME abandoned due to C-preprocessor line: ..."
+
+  7.   If a line begins with exactly two minus signs followed by a
+       lowercase letter, that is a command.  Process commands as described
+       below.
+
+  8.   All other lines should be accumulated into the "input buffer".
+       The various commands will have access to this input buffer.
+       Some commands will reset the buffer.
+
+## Initialization
+
+The initial state of the interpreter at the start of processing each script
+is as if the following command sequence had been run:
+
+> ~~~
+--close all
+--db 0
+--new test.db
+--null nil
+~~~
+
+In words, all database connections are closed except for connection 0 (the
+default) which is open on an empty database named "test.db".  The string
+"nil" is displayed for NULL column values.
+
+The only context carried forward after the evaluation of one test script
+into the evaluation of the next test script is the count of the number of
+tests run and the number of failures seen.
+
+## Commands:
+
+Each command looks like an SQL comment.  The command begins at the left
+margin (no leading space) and starts with exactly 2 minus signs ("-").
+The command name consists of lowercase letters and maybe a "-" or two.
+Some commands have arguments.
+The arguments are separated from the command name by one or more spaces.
+
+Commands have access to the input buffer and might reset the input buffer.
+The command can also optionally read (and consume) additional text from
+script that comes after the command.
+
+Unknown or unrecognized commands indicate that the script contains features
+that are not (yet) supported by this specification.  Processing of the
+script should terminate immediately.  When this happens and when the
+interpreter is in a "verbose" mode, the interpreter might choose to emit
+an informational message along the lines of "test script NAME abandoned
+due to unsupported command: --whatever".
+
+The initial implemention will only recognize a few commands.  Other
+commands may be added later.  The following is the initial set of
+commands:
+
+### The --testcase command
+
+Every test case starts with a --testcase command.  The --testcase
+command resets both the "input buffer" and the "result buffer".  The
+argument to the --testcase command is the name of the test case.  That
+test case name is used for logging and debugging and when printing
+errors. The input buffer is set to the body of the test case.
+
+### The --result command
+
+The --result command tries to execute the text in the input buffer as SQL.
+For each row of result coming out of this SQL, the text of that result is
+appended to the "result buffer".  If a result row contains multiple columns,
+the columns are processed from left to right.  For each column, text is
+appended to the result buffer according to the following rules:
+
+  *   If the result buffer already contains some text, append a space.
+      (In this way, all column values and all row values are separated from
+      each other by a single space.)
+
+  *   If sqlite3_column_text() returns NULL, then append "nil" - or
+      some other text that is specified by the --null command - and skip
+      all subsequent rules.
+
+  *   If sqlite3_column_text() is an empty string, append `{}` to the
+      result buffer and skip all subsequent rules.
+
+  *   If sqlite3_column_text() does not contain any special
+      characters, append it to the result buffer without any
+      formatting and skip all subsequent rules. Special characters are:
+      0x00 to 0x20 (inclusive), double-quote (0x22), backslash (0x5c),
+      curly braces (0x7b and 0x7d).
+
+  *   If sqlite3_column_text() does not contains curly braces, then put
+      the text inside of `{...}` and append it and skip all subsequent rules.
+
+  *   Append the text within double-quotes (`"..."`) and within the text
+      escape '"' and '\\' by prepending a single '\\' and escape any
+      control characters (characters less than 0x20) using octal notation:
+      '\\NNN'.
+
+If an error is encountered while running the SQL, then append the
+symbolic C-preprocessor name for the error
+code (ex: "SQLITE_CONSTRAINT") as if it were a column value.  Then append
+the error message text as if it where a column value.  Then stop processing.
+
+After the SQL text has been run, compare the content of the result buffer
+against the argument to the --result command and report a testing error if
+there are any differences.
+
+The --result command resets the input buffer, but it does not reset
+the result buffer.  This distinction does not matter for the --result
+command itself, but it is important for related commands like --glob
+and --notglob.  Sometimes test cases will contains a bunch of SQL
+followed by multiple --glob and/or --notglob statements.  All of the
+globs should be evaluted agains the result buffer correct, but the SQL
+should only be run once.  This is accomplished by resetting the input
+buffer but not the result buffer.
+
+### The --glob command
+
+The --glob command works just like --result except that the argument to
+--glob is interpreted as a TEST-GLOB pattern and the results are compared
+using that glob pattern rather than using strcmp().  Other than that,
+the two operate the same.
+
+The TEST-GLOB pattern is slightly different for a standard GLOB:
+
+   *    The '*' character matches zero or more characters.
+
+   *    The '?' character matches any single character
+
+   *    The '[...]' character sequence machines a single character
+        in between the brackets.
+
+   *    The '#' character matches one or more digits  (This is the main
+        difference between standard unix-glob and TEST-GLOB.  unix-glob
+        does not have this feature.  It was added to because it comes
+        up a lot during SQLite testing.)
+
+### The --notglob command
+
+The --notglob command works just like --glob except that it reports an
+error if the GLOB does match, rather than if the GLOB does not matches.
+
+### The --oom command
+
+This command is to be used for out-of-memory testing.  It means that
+OOM errors should be simulated to ensure that SQLite is able to deal with
+them.  This command can be silently ignored for now.  We might add support
+for this later.
+
+### The --tableresult command
+
+The --tableresult command works like --glob except that the GLOB pattern
+to be matched is taken from subsequent lines of the input script up to
+the next --end.  Every span of one or more whitespace characters in this
+pattern text is collapsed into a single space (0x20).
+Leading and trailing whitespace are removed from the pattern.
+The --end that ends the GLOB pattern is not part of the GLOB pattern, but
+the --end is consumed from the script input.
+
+### The --new and --open commands
+
+The --new and --open commands cause a database file to be opened.
+The name of the file is the argument to the command.  The --new command
+opens an initially empty database (it deletes the file before opening it)
+whereas the --open command opens an existing database if it already
+exists.
+
+### The --db command
+
+The script interpreter can have up to 7 different SQLite database
+connections open at a time.  The --db command is used to switch between
+them.  The argument to --db is an integer between 0 and 6 that selects
+which database connection to use moving forward.
+
+### The --close command
+
+The --close command causes an existing database connection to close.
+This command is a no-op if the database connection is not currently
+open.  There can be up to 7 different database connections, numbered 0
+through 6.  The number of the database connection to close is an
+argument to the --close command, which will fail if an out-of-range
+value is provided.  Or if the argument to --close is "all" then all
+open database connections are closed. If passed no argument, the
+currently-active database is assumed.
+
+### The --null command
+
+The NULL command changes the text that is used to represent SQL NULL
+values in the result buffer.
+
+### The --run command
+
+The --run command executes text in the input buffer as if it where SQL.
+However, nothing is added to the result buffer.  Any output from the SQL
+is silently ignored. Errors in the SQL are silently ignored.
+
+The --run command normally executes the SQL in the current database
+connection.  However, if --run has an argument that is an integer between
+0 and 6 then the SQL is run in the alternative database connection specified
+by that argument.
+
+### The --json and --json-block commands
+
+The --json and --json-block commands work like --result and --tableresult,
+respectively.  The difference is that column values are appended to the
+result buffer literally, without ever enclosing the values in `{...}` or
+`"..."` and without escaping any characters in the column value and comparison
+is always an exact strcmp() not a GLOB.
+
+### The --print command
+
+The --print command emits both its arguments and its body (if any) to
+stdout, indenting each line of output.
+
+### The --column-names command
+
+The --column-names command requires 0 or 1 as an argument, to disable
+resp.  enable it, and modifies SQL execution to include column names
+in output. When this option is on, each column value emitted gets
+prefixed by its column name, with a single space between them.
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/AggregateFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/AggregateFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..173d775e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/AggregateFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the wrapper1 interface for sqlite3.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_context;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value;
+
+/**
+   EXPERIMENTAL/INCOMPLETE/UNTESTED
+
+   A SqlFunction implementation for aggregate functions. The T type
+   represents the type of data accumulated by this aggregate while it
+   works. e.g. a SUM()-like UDF might use Integer or Long and a
+   CONCAT()-like UDF might use a StringBuilder or a List<String>.
+*/
+public abstract class AggregateFunction<T> implements SqlFunction  {
+
+  /**
+     As for the xStep() argument of the C API's
+     sqlite3_create_function().  If this function throws, the
+     exception is reported via sqlite3_result_error().
+  */
+  public abstract void xStep(SqlFunction.Arguments args);
+
+  /**
+     As for the xFinal() argument of the C API's
+     sqlite3_create_function(). If this function throws, it is
+     translated into sqlite3_result_error().
+
+     Note that the passed-in object will not actually contain any
+     arguments for xFinal() but will contain the context object needed
+     for setting the call's result or error state.
+  */
+  public abstract void xFinal(SqlFunction.Arguments args);
+
+  /**
+     Optionally override to be notified when the UDF is finalized by
+     SQLite.
+  */
+  public void xDestroy() {}
+
+  /** Per-invocation state for the UDF. */
+  private final SqlFunction.PerContextState<T> map =
+    new SqlFunction.PerContextState<>();
+
+  /**
+     To be called from the implementation's xStep() method, as well
+     as the xValue() and xInverse() methods of the {@link WindowFunction}
+     subclass, to fetch the current per-call UDF state. On the
+     first call to this method for any given sqlite3_context
+     argument, the context is set to the given initial value. On all other
+     calls, the 2nd argument is ignored.
+
+     @see SQLFunction.PerContextState#getAggregateState
+  */
+  protected final ValueHolder<T> getAggregateState(SqlFunction.Arguments args, T initialValue){
+    return map.getAggregateState(args, initialValue);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     To be called from the implementation's xFinal() method to fetch
+     the final state of the UDF and remove its mapping.
+
+     see SQLFunction.PerContextState#takeAggregateState
+  */
+  protected final T takeAggregateState(SqlFunction.Arguments args){
+    return map.takeAggregateState(args);
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ScalarFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ScalarFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..067a6983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ScalarFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the wrapper1 interface for sqlite3.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.annotation.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_context;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value;
+
+/**
+   The SqlFunction type for scalar SQL functions.
+*/
+public abstract class ScalarFunction implements SqlFunction  {
+  /**
+     As for the xFunc() argument of the C API's
+     sqlite3_create_function(). If this function throws, it is
+     translated into an sqlite3_result_error().
+  */
+  public abstract void xFunc(SqlFunction.Arguments args);
+
+  /**
+     Optionally override to be notified when the UDF is finalized by
+     SQLite. This default implementation does nothing.
+  */
+  public void xDestroy() {}
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqlFunction.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqlFunction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6acda5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqlFunction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the wrapper1 interface for sqlite3.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_context;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_value;
+
+/**
+   Base marker interface for SQLite's three types of User-Defined SQL
+   Functions (UDFs): Scalar, Aggregate, and Window functions.
+*/
+public interface SqlFunction  {
+
+  /**
+     The Arguments type is an abstraction on top of the lower-level
+     UDF function argument types. It provides _most_ of the functionality
+     of the lower-level interface, insofar as possible without "leaking"
+     those types into this API.
+  */
+  public final static class Arguments implements Iterable<SqlFunction.Arguments.Arg>{
+    private final sqlite3_context cx;
+    private final sqlite3_value args[];
+    public final int length;
+
+    /**
+       Must be passed the context and arguments for the UDF call this
+       object is wrapping. Intended to be used by internal proxy
+       classes which "convert" the lower-level interface into this
+       package's higher-level interface, e.g. ScalarAdapter and
+       AggregateAdapter.
+
+       Passing null for the args is equivalent to passing a length-0
+       array.
+    */
+    Arguments(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value args[]){
+      this.cx = cx;
+      this.args = args==null ? new sqlite3_value[0] : args;;
+      this.length = this.args.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Wrapper for a single SqlFunction argument. Primarily intended
+       for use with the Arguments class's Iterable interface.
+    */
+    public final static class Arg {
+      private final Arguments a;
+      private final int ndx;
+      /* Only for use by the Arguments class. */
+      private Arg(Arguments a, int ndx){
+        this.a = a;
+        this.ndx = ndx;
+      }
+      /** Returns this argument's index in its parent argument list. */
+      public int getIndex(){return ndx;}
+      public int getInt(){return a.getInt(ndx);}
+      public long getInt64(){return a.getInt64(ndx);}
+      public double getDouble(){return a.getDouble(ndx);}
+      public byte[] getBlob(){return a.getBlob(ndx);}
+      public byte[] getText(){return a.getText(ndx);}
+      public String getText16(){return a.getText16(ndx);}
+      public int getBytes(){return a.getBytes(ndx);}
+      public int getBytes16(){return a.getBytes16(ndx);}
+      public Object getObject(){return a.getObject(ndx);}
+      public <T> T getObjectCasted(Class<T> type){ return a.getObjectCasted(ndx, type); }
+      public int getType(){return a.getType(ndx);}
+      public Object getAuxData(){return a.getAuxData(ndx);}
+      public void setAuxData(Object o){a.setAuxData(ndx, o);}
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public java.util.Iterator<SqlFunction.Arguments.Arg> iterator(){
+      final Arg[] proxies = new Arg[args.length];
+      for( int i = 0; i < args.length; ++i ){
+        proxies[i] = new Arg(this, i);
+      }
+      return java.util.Arrays.stream(proxies).iterator();
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Returns the sqlite3_value at the given argument index or throws
+       an IllegalArgumentException exception if ndx is out of range.
+    */
+    private sqlite3_value valueAt(int ndx){
+      if(ndx<0 || ndx>=args.length){
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+          "SQL function argument index "+ndx+" is out of range."
+        );
+      }
+      return args[ndx];
+    }
+
+    sqlite3_context getContext(){return cx;}
+
+    public int getArgCount(){ return args.length; }
+
+    public int getInt(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_int(valueAt(arg));}
+    public long getInt64(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_int64(valueAt(arg));}
+    public double getDouble(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_double(valueAt(arg));}
+    public byte[] getBlob(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_blob(valueAt(arg));}
+    public byte[] getText(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_text(valueAt(arg));}
+    public String getText16(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_text16(valueAt(arg));}
+    public int getBytes(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_bytes(valueAt(arg));}
+    public int getBytes16(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_bytes16(valueAt(arg));}
+    public Object getObject(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_java_object(valueAt(arg));}
+    public <T> T getObjectCasted(int arg, Class<T> type){
+      return CApi.sqlite3_value_java_casted(valueAt(arg), type);
+    }
+
+    public int getType(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_type(valueAt(arg));}
+    public int getSubtype(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_subtype(valueAt(arg));}
+    public int getNumericType(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_numeric_type(valueAt(arg));}
+    public int getNoChange(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_nochange(valueAt(arg));}
+    public boolean getFromBind(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_frombind(valueAt(arg));}
+    public int getEncoding(int arg){return CApi.sqlite3_value_encoding(valueAt(arg));}
+
+    public void resultInt(int v){ CApi.sqlite3_result_int(cx, v); }
+    public void resultInt64(long v){ CApi.sqlite3_result_int64(cx, v); }
+    public void resultDouble(double v){ CApi.sqlite3_result_double(cx, v); }
+    public void resultError(String msg){CApi.sqlite3_result_error(cx, msg);}
+    public void resultError(Exception e){CApi.sqlite3_result_error(cx, e);}
+    public void resultErrorTooBig(){CApi.sqlite3_result_error_toobig(cx);}
+    public void resultErrorCode(int rc){CApi.sqlite3_result_error_code(cx, rc);}
+    public void resultObject(Object o){CApi.sqlite3_result_java_object(cx, o);}
+    public void resultNull(){CApi.sqlite3_result_null(cx);}
+    public void resultArg(int argNdx){CApi.sqlite3_result_value(cx, valueAt(argNdx));}
+    public void resultZeroBlob(long n){
+      // Throw on error? If n is too big,
+      // sqlite3_result_error_toobig() is automatically called.
+      CApi.sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(cx, n);
+    }
+
+    public void resultBlob(byte[] blob){CApi.sqlite3_result_blob(cx, blob);}
+    public void resultText(byte[] utf8){CApi.sqlite3_result_text(cx, utf8);}
+    public void resultText(String txt){CApi.sqlite3_result_text(cx, txt);}
+    public void resultText16(byte[] utf16){CApi.sqlite3_result_text16(cx, utf16);}
+    public void resultText16(String txt){CApi.sqlite3_result_text16(cx, txt);}
+
+    public void setAuxData(int arg, Object o){
+      /* From the API docs: https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/get_auxdata.html
+
+         The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be
+         non-negative. Future enhancements may make use of negative N
+         values to define new kinds of function caching behavior.
+      */
+      valueAt(arg);
+      CApi.sqlite3_set_auxdata(cx, arg, o);
+    }
+
+    public Object getAuxData(int arg){
+      valueAt(arg);
+      return CApi.sqlite3_get_auxdata(cx, arg);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     PerContextState assists aggregate and window functions in
+     managing their accumulator state across calls to the UDF's
+     callbacks.
+
+     <p>T must be of a type which can be legally stored as a value in
+     java.util.HashMap<KeyType,T>.
+
+     <p>If a given aggregate or window function is called multiple times
+     in a single SQL statement, e.g. SELECT MYFUNC(A), MYFUNC(B)...,
+     then the clients need some way of knowing which call is which so
+     that they can map their state between their various UDF callbacks
+     and reset it via xFinal(). This class takes care of such
+     mappings.
+
+     <p>This class works by mapping
+     sqlite3_context.getAggregateContext() to a single piece of
+     state, of a client-defined type (the T part of this class), which
+     persists across a "matching set" of the UDF's callbacks.
+
+     <p>This class is a helper providing commonly-needed functionality
+     - it is not required for use with aggregate or window functions.
+     Client UDFs are free to perform such mappings using custom
+     approaches. The provided {@link AggregateFunction} and {@link
+     WindowFunction} classes use this.
+  */
+  public static final class PerContextState<T> {
+    private final java.util.Map<Long,ValueHolder<T>> map
+      = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+       Should be called from a UDF's xStep(), xValue(), and xInverse()
+       methods, passing it that method's first argument and an initial
+       value for the persistent state. If there is currently no
+       mapping for the given context within the map, one is created
+       using the given initial value, else the existing one is used
+       and the 2nd argument is ignored.  It returns a ValueHolder<T>
+       which can be used to modify that state directly without
+       requiring that the client update the underlying map's entry.
+
+       <p>The caller is obligated to eventually call
+       takeAggregateState() to clear the mapping.
+    */
+    public ValueHolder<T> getAggregateState(SqlFunction.Arguments args, T initialValue){
+      final Long key = args.getContext().getAggregateContext(true);
+      ValueHolder<T> rc = null==key ? null : map.get(key);
+      if( null==rc ){
+        map.put(key, rc = new ValueHolder<>(initialValue));
+      }
+      return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Should be called from a UDF's xFinal() method and passed that
+       method's first argument. This function removes the value
+       associated with with the arguments' aggregate context from the
+       map and returns it, returning null if no other UDF method has
+       been called to set up such a mapping. The latter condition will
+       be the case if a UDF is used in a statement which has no result
+       rows.
+    */
+    public T takeAggregateState(SqlFunction.Arguments args){
+      final ValueHolder<T> h = map.remove(args.getContext().getAggregateContext(false));
+      return null==h ? null : h.value;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Internal-use adapter for wrapping this package's ScalarFunction
+     for use with the org.sqlite.jni.capi.ScalarFunction interface.
+  */
+  static final class ScalarAdapter extends org.sqlite.jni.capi.ScalarFunction {
+    final ScalarFunction impl;
+    ScalarAdapter(ScalarFunction impl){
+      this.impl = impl;
+    }
+    /**
+       Proxies this.impl.xFunc(), adapting the call arguments to that
+       function's signature. If the proxy throws, it's translated to
+       sqlite_result_error() with the exception's message.
+    */
+    public void xFunc(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+      try{
+        impl.xFunc( new SqlFunction.Arguments(cx, args) );
+      }catch(Exception e){
+        CApi.sqlite3_result_error(cx, e);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void xDestroy(){
+      impl.xDestroy();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Internal-use adapter for wrapping this package's AggregateFunction
+     for use with the org.sqlite.jni.capi.AggregateFunction interface.
+  */
+  static final class AggregateAdapter extends org.sqlite.jni.capi.AggregateFunction {
+    final AggregateFunction impl;
+    AggregateAdapter(AggregateFunction impl){
+      this.impl = impl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Proxies this.impl.xStep(), adapting the call arguments to that
+       function's signature. If the proxied function throws, it is
+       translated to sqlite_result_error() with the exception's
+       message.
+    */
+    public void xStep(sqlite3_context cx, sqlite3_value[] args){
+      try{
+        impl.xStep( new SqlFunction.Arguments(cx, args) );
+      }catch(Exception e){
+        CApi.sqlite3_result_error(cx, e);
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+       As for the xFinal() argument of the C API's sqlite3_create_function().
+       If the proxied function throws, it is translated into a sqlite3_result_error().
+    */
+    public void xFinal(sqlite3_context cx){
+      try{
+        impl.xFinal( new SqlFunction.Arguments(cx, null) );
+      }catch(Exception e){
+        CApi.sqlite3_result_error(cx, e);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void xDestroy(){
+      impl.xDestroy();
+    }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Sqlite.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Sqlite.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bcf97b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Sqlite.java
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-09
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the wrapper1 interface for sqlite3.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3_stmt;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.OutputPointer;
+
+/**
+   This class represents a database connection, analog to the C-side
+   sqlite3 class but with added argument validation, exceptions, and
+   similar "smoothing of sharp edges" to make the API safe to use from
+   Java. It also acts as a namespace for other types for which
+   individual instances are tied to a specific database connection.
+*/
+public final class Sqlite implements AutoCloseable  {
+  private sqlite3 db;
+
+  //! Used only by the open() factory functions.
+  private Sqlite(sqlite3 db){
+    this.db = db;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Returns a newly-opened db connection or throws SqliteException if
+     opening fails. All arguments are as documented for
+     sqlite3_open_v2().
+
+     Design question: do we want static factory functions or should
+     this be reformulated as a constructor?
+  */
+  public static Sqlite open(String filename, int flags, String vfsName){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3 out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3();
+    final int rc = sqlite3_open_v2(filename, out, flags, vfsName);
+    final sqlite3 n = out.take();
+    if( 0!=rc ){
+      if( null==n ) throw new SqliteException(rc);
+      final SqliteException ex = new SqliteException(n);
+      n.close();
+      throw ex;
+    }
+    return new Sqlite(n);
+  }
+
+  public static Sqlite open(String filename, int flags){
+    return open(filename, flags, null);
+  }
+
+  public static Sqlite open(String filename){
+    return open(filename, SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, null);
+  }
+
+  @Override public void close(){
+    if(null!=this.db){
+      this.db.close();
+      this.db = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Returns this object's underlying native db handle, or null if
+     this instance has been closed. This is very specifically not
+     public.
+  */
+  sqlite3 nativeHandle(){ return this.db; }
+
+  private sqlite3 affirmOpen(){
+    if( null==db || 0==db.getNativePointer() ){
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException("This database instance is closed.");
+    }
+    return this.db;
+  }
+
+  // private byte[] stringToUtf8(String s){
+  //   return s==null ? null : s.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+  // }
+
+  private void affirmRcOk(int rc){
+    if( 0!=rc ){
+      throw new SqliteException(db);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Corresponds to the sqlite3_stmt class. Use Sqlite.prepare() to
+     create new instances.
+  */
+  public final class Stmt implements AutoCloseable {
+    private Sqlite _db = null;
+    private sqlite3_stmt stmt = null;
+    /** Only called by the prepare() factory functions. */
+    Stmt(Sqlite db, sqlite3_stmt stmt){
+      this._db = db;
+      this.stmt = stmt;
+    }
+
+    sqlite3_stmt nativeHandle(){
+      return stmt;
+    }
+
+    private sqlite3_stmt affirmOpen(){
+      if( null==stmt || 0==stmt.getNativePointer() ){
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("This Stmt has been finalized.");
+      }
+      return stmt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Corresponds to sqlite3_finalize(), but we cannot override the
+       name finalize() here because this one requires a different
+       signature. It does not throw on error here because "destructors
+       do not throw." If it returns non-0, the object is still
+       finalized.
+    */
+    public int finalizeStmt(){
+      int rc = 0;
+      if( null!=stmt ){
+        sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+        stmt = null;
+      }
+      return rc;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close(){
+      finalizeStmt();
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Throws if rc is any value other than 0, SQLITE_ROW, or
+       SQLITE_DONE, else returns rc.
+    */
+    private int checkRc(int rc){
+      switch(rc){
+        case 0:
+        case SQLITE_ROW:
+        case SQLITE_DONE: return rc;
+        default:
+          throw new SqliteException(this);
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Works like sqlite3_step() but throws SqliteException for any
+       result other than 0, SQLITE_ROW, or SQLITE_DONE.
+    */
+    public int step(){
+      return checkRc(sqlite3_step(affirmOpen()));
+    }
+
+    public Sqlite db(){ return this._db; }
+
+    /**
+       Works like sqlite3_reset() but throws on error.
+    */
+    public void reset(){
+      checkRc(sqlite3_reset(affirmOpen()));
+    }
+
+    public void clearBindings(){
+      sqlite3_clear_bindings( affirmOpen() );
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+     prepare() TODOs include:
+
+     - overloads taking byte[] and ByteBuffer.
+
+     - multi-statement processing, like CApi.sqlite3_prepare_multi()
+     but using a callback specific to the higher-level Stmt class
+     rather than the sqlite3_stmt class.
+  */
+  public Stmt prepare(String sql, int prepFlags){
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt out = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    final int rc = sqlite3_prepare_v3(affirmOpen(), sql, prepFlags, out);
+    affirmRcOk(rc);
+    return new Stmt(this, out.take());
+  }
+
+  public Stmt prepare(String sql){
+    return prepare(sql, 0);
+  }
+
+  public void createFunction(String name, int nArg, int eTextRep, ScalarFunction f ){
+    int rc = CApi.sqlite3_create_function(affirmOpen(), name, nArg, eTextRep,
+                                           new SqlFunction.ScalarAdapter(f));
+    if( 0!=rc ) throw new SqliteException(db);
+  }
+
+  public void createFunction(String name, int nArg, ScalarFunction f){
+    this.createFunction(name, nArg, CApi.SQLITE_UTF8, f);
+  }
+
+  public void createFunction(String name, int nArg, int eTextRep, AggregateFunction f ){
+    int rc = CApi.sqlite3_create_function(affirmOpen(), name, nArg, eTextRep,
+                                           new SqlFunction.AggregateAdapter(f));
+    if( 0!=rc ) throw new SqliteException(db);
+  }
+
+  public void createFunction(String name, int nArg, AggregateFunction f){
+    this.createFunction(name, nArg, CApi.SQLITE_UTF8, f);
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqliteException.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqliteException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..111f004d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqliteException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-09
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file is part of the wrapper1 interface for sqlite3.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.sqlite3;
+
+/**
+   A wrapper for communicating C-level (sqlite3*) instances with
+   Java. These wrappers do not own their associated pointer, they
+   simply provide a type-safe way to communicate it between Java
+   and C via JNI.
+*/
+public final class SqliteException extends java.lang.RuntimeException {
+  int errCode = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  int xerrCode = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  int errOffset = -1;
+  int sysErrno = 0;
+
+  /**
+     Records the given error string and uses SQLITE_ERROR for both the
+     error code and extended error code.
+  */
+  public SqliteException(String msg){
+    super(msg);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Uses sqlite3_errstr(sqlite3ResultCode) for the error string and
+     sets both the error code and extended error code to the given
+     value.
+  */
+  public SqliteException(int sqlite3ResultCode){
+    super(sqlite3_errstr(sqlite3ResultCode));
+    errCode = xerrCode = sqlite3ResultCode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Records the current error state of db (which must not be null and
+     must refer to an opened db object). Note that this does NOT close
+     the db.
+
+     Design note: closing the db on error is likely only useful during
+     a failed db-open operation, and the place(s) where that can
+     happen are inside this library, not client-level code.
+  */
+  SqliteException(sqlite3 db){
+    super(sqlite3_errmsg(db));
+    errCode = sqlite3_errcode(db);
+    xerrCode = sqlite3_extended_errcode(db);
+    errOffset = sqlite3_error_offset(db);
+    sysErrno = sqlite3_system_errno(db);
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Records the current error state of db (which must not be null and
+     must refer to an open database).
+  */
+  public SqliteException(Sqlite db){
+    this(db.nativeHandle());
+  }
+
+  public SqliteException(Sqlite.Stmt stmt){
+    this( stmt.db() );
+  }
+
+  public int errcode(){ return errCode; }
+  public int extendedErrcode(){ return xerrCode; }
+  public int errorOffset(){ return errOffset; }
+  public int systemErrno(){ return sysErrno; }
+
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Tester2.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Tester2.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f5fd5f84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Tester2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,584 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-09
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a set of tests for the sqlite3 JNI bindings.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+//import static org.sqlite.jni.capi.CApi.*;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import org.sqlite.jni.capi.*;
+
+/**
+   An annotation for Tester2 tests which we do not want to run in
+   reflection-driven test mode because either they are not suitable
+   for multi-threaded threaded mode or we have to control their execution
+   order.
+*/
+@java.lang.annotation.Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@java.lang.annotation.Target({java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD})
+@interface ManualTest{}
+/**
+   Annotation for Tester2 tests which mark those which must be skipped
+   in multi-threaded mode.
+*/
+@java.lang.annotation.Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+@java.lang.annotation.Target({java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD})
+@interface SingleThreadOnly{}
+
+public class Tester2 implements Runnable {
+  //! True when running in multi-threaded mode.
+  private static boolean mtMode = false;
+  //! True to sleep briefly between tests.
+  private static boolean takeNaps = false;
+  //! True to shuffle the order of the tests.
+  private static boolean shuffle = false;
+  //! True to dump the list of to-run tests to stdout.
+  private static boolean listRunTests = false;
+  //! True to squelch all out() and outln() output.
+  private static boolean quietMode = false;
+  //! Total number of runTests() calls.
+  private static int nTestRuns = 0;
+  //! List of test*() methods to run.
+  private static List<java.lang.reflect.Method> testMethods = null;
+  //! List of exceptions collected by run()
+  private static List<Exception> listErrors = new ArrayList<>();
+  private static final class Metrics {
+    //! Number of times createNewDb() (or equivalent) is invoked.
+    volatile int dbOpen = 0;
+  }
+
+  //! Instance ID.
+  private Integer tId;
+
+  Tester2(Integer id){
+    tId = id;
+  }
+
+  static final Metrics metrics = new Metrics();
+
+  public static synchronized void outln(){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      System.out.println("");
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static synchronized void outPrefix(){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      System.out.print(Thread.currentThread().getName()+": ");
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static synchronized void outln(Object val){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      outPrefix();
+      System.out.println(val);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static synchronized void out(Object val){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      System.out.print(val);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  public static synchronized void out(Object... vals){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      outPrefix();
+      for(Object v : vals) out(v);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  public static synchronized void outln(Object... vals){
+    if( !quietMode ){
+      out(vals); out("\n");
+    }
+  }
+
+  static volatile int affirmCount = 0;
+  public static synchronized int affirm(Boolean v, String comment){
+    ++affirmCount;
+    if( false ) assert( v /* prefer assert over exception if it's enabled because
+                 the JNI layer sometimes has to suppress exceptions,
+                 so they might be squelched on their way back to the
+                 top. */);
+    if( !v ) throw new RuntimeException(comment);
+    return affirmCount;
+  }
+
+  public static void affirm(Boolean v){
+    affirm(v, "Affirmation failed.");
+  }
+
+
+  public static void execSql(Sqlite db, String[] sql){
+    execSql(db, String.join("", sql));
+  }
+
+  public static int execSql(Sqlite dbw, boolean throwOnError, String sql){
+    final sqlite3 db = dbw.nativeHandle();
+    OutputPointer.Int32 oTail = new OutputPointer.Int32();
+    final byte[] sqlUtf8 = sql.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    int pos = 0, n = 1;
+    byte[] sqlChunk = sqlUtf8;
+    int rc = 0;
+    sqlite3_stmt stmt = null;
+    final OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt outStmt = new OutputPointer.sqlite3_stmt();
+    while(pos < sqlChunk.length){
+      if(pos > 0){
+        sqlChunk = Arrays.copyOfRange(sqlChunk, pos,
+                                      sqlChunk.length);
+      }
+      if( 0==sqlChunk.length ) break;
+      rc = CApi.sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sqlChunk, outStmt, oTail);
+      if(throwOnError) affirm(0 == rc);
+      else if( 0!=rc ) break;
+      pos = oTail.value;
+      stmt = outStmt.take();
+      if( null == stmt ){
+        // empty statement was parsed.
+        continue;
+      }
+      affirm(0 != stmt.getNativePointer());
+      while( CApi.SQLITE_ROW == (rc = CApi.sqlite3_step(stmt)) ){
+      }
+      CApi.sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+      affirm(0 == stmt.getNativePointer());
+      if(0!=rc && CApi.SQLITE_ROW!=rc && CApi.SQLITE_DONE!=rc){
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    CApi.sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    if(CApi.SQLITE_ROW==rc || CApi.SQLITE_DONE==rc) rc = 0;
+    if( 0!=rc && throwOnError){
+      throw new SqliteException(db);
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+  static void execSql(Sqlite db, String sql){
+    execSql(db, true, sql);
+  }
+
+  @SingleThreadOnly /* because it's thread-agnostic */
+  private void test1(){
+    affirm(CApi.sqlite3_libversion_number() == CApi.SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER);
+  }
+
+  /* Copy/paste/rename this to add new tests. */
+  private void _testTemplate(){
+    //final sqlite3 db = createNewDb();
+    //sqlite3_stmt stmt = prepare(db,"SELECT 1");
+    //sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+    //sqlite3_close_v2(db);
+  }
+
+  private void nap() throws InterruptedException {
+    if( takeNaps ){
+      Thread.sleep(java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(3, 17), 0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Sqlite openDb(String name){
+    final Sqlite db = Sqlite.open(name, CApi.SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|
+                                  CApi.SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|
+                                  CApi.SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE);
+    ++metrics.dbOpen;
+    return db;
+  }
+
+  Sqlite openDb(){ return openDb(":memory:"); }
+
+  void testOpenDb1(){
+    Sqlite db = openDb();
+    affirm( 0!=db.nativeHandle().getNativePointer() );
+    db.close();
+    affirm( null==db.nativeHandle() );
+
+    SqliteException ex = null;
+    try {
+      db = openDb("/no/such/dir/.../probably");
+    }catch(SqliteException e){
+      ex = e;
+    }
+    affirm( ex!=null );
+    affirm( ex.errcode() != 0 );
+    affirm( ex.extendedErrcode() != 0 );
+    affirm( ex.errorOffset() < 0 );
+    // there's no reliable way to predict what ex.systemErrno() might be
+  }
+
+  void testPrepare1(){
+    try (Sqlite db = openDb()) {
+      Sqlite.Stmt stmt = db.prepare("SELECT 1");
+      affirm( null!=stmt.nativeHandle() );
+      affirm( CApi.SQLITE_ROW == stmt.step() );
+      affirm( CApi.SQLITE_DONE == stmt.step() );
+      stmt.reset();
+      affirm( CApi.SQLITE_ROW == stmt.step() );
+      affirm( CApi.SQLITE_DONE == stmt.step() );
+      affirm( 0 == stmt.finalizeStmt() );
+      affirm( null==stmt.nativeHandle() );
+
+      stmt = db.prepare("SELECT 1");
+      affirm( CApi.SQLITE_ROW == stmt.step() );
+      affirm( 0 == stmt.finalizeStmt() )
+        /* getting a non-0 out of sqlite3_finalize() is tricky */;
+      affirm( null==stmt.nativeHandle() );
+    }
+  }
+
+  void testUdfScalar(){
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> xDestroyCalled = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    try (Sqlite db = openDb()) {
+      execSql(db, "create table t(a); insert into t(a) values(1),(2),(3)");
+      final ValueHolder<Integer> vh = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+      final ScalarFunction f = new ScalarFunction(){
+          public void xFunc(SqlFunction.Arguments args){
+            for( SqlFunction.Arguments.Arg arg : args ){
+              vh.value += arg.getInt();
+            }
+          }
+          public void xDestroy(){
+            ++xDestroyCalled.value;
+          }
+        };
+      db.createFunction("myfunc", -1, f);
+      execSql(db, "select myfunc(1,2,3)");
+      affirm( 6 == vh.value );
+      vh.value = 0;
+      execSql(db, "select myfunc(-1,-2,-3)");
+      affirm( -6 == vh.value );
+      affirm( 0 == xDestroyCalled.value );
+    }
+    affirm( 1 == xDestroyCalled.value );
+  }
+
+  void testUdfAggregate(){
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> xDestroyCalled = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    final ValueHolder<Integer> vh = new ValueHolder<>(0);
+    try (Sqlite db = openDb()) {
+      execSql(db, "create table t(a); insert into t(a) values(1),(2),(3)");
+      final AggregateFunction f = new AggregateFunction<Integer>(){
+          public void xStep(SqlFunction.Arguments args){
+            final ValueHolder<Integer> agg = this.getAggregateState(args, 0);
+            for( SqlFunction.Arguments.Arg arg : args ){
+              agg.value += arg.getInt();
+            }
+          }
+          public void xFinal(SqlFunction.Arguments args){
+            final Integer v = this.takeAggregateState(args);
+            if( null==v ) args.resultNull();
+            else args.resultInt(v);
+            vh.value = v;
+          }
+          public void xDestroy(){
+            ++xDestroyCalled.value;
+          }
+        };
+      db.createFunction("myagg", -1, f);
+      execSql(db, "select myagg(a) from t");
+      affirm( 6 == vh.value );
+      affirm( 0 == xDestroyCalled.value );
+    }
+    affirm( 1 == xDestroyCalled.value );
+  }
+
+  private void runTests(boolean fromThread) throws Exception {
+    List<java.lang.reflect.Method> mlist = testMethods;
+    affirm( null!=mlist );
+    if( shuffle ){
+      mlist = new ArrayList<>( testMethods.subList(0, testMethods.size()) );
+      java.util.Collections.shuffle(mlist);
+    }
+    if( listRunTests ){
+      synchronized(this.getClass()){
+        if( !fromThread ){
+          out("Initial test"," list: ");
+          for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : testMethods){
+            out(m.getName()+" ");
+          }
+          outln();
+          outln("(That list excludes some which are hard-coded to run.)");
+        }
+        out("Running"," tests: ");
+        for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : mlist){
+          out(m.getName()+" ");
+        }
+        outln();
+      }
+    }
+    for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : mlist){
+      nap();
+      try{
+        m.invoke(this);
+      }catch(java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException e){
+        outln("FAILURE: ",m.getName(),"(): ", e.getCause());
+        throw e;
+      }
+    }
+    synchronized( this.getClass() ){
+      ++nTestRuns;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void run() {
+    try {
+      runTests(0!=this.tId);
+    }catch(Exception e){
+      synchronized( listErrors ){
+        listErrors.add(e);
+      }
+    }finally{
+      affirm( CApi.sqlite3_java_uncache_thread() );
+      affirm( !CApi.sqlite3_java_uncache_thread() );
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Runs the basic sqlite3 JNI binding sanity-check suite.
+
+     CLI flags:
+
+     -q|-quiet: disables most test output.
+
+     -t|-thread N: runs the tests in N threads
+      concurrently. Default=1.
+
+     -r|-repeat N: repeats the tests in a loop N times, each one
+      consisting of the -thread value's threads.
+
+     -shuffle: randomizes the order of most of the test functions.
+
+     -naps: sleep small random intervals between tests in order to add
+     some chaos for cross-thread contention.
+
+     -list-tests: outputs the list of tests being run, minus some
+      which are hard-coded. This is noisy in multi-threaded mode.
+
+     -fail: forces an exception to be thrown during the test run.  Use
+     with -shuffle to make its appearance unpredictable.
+
+     -v: emit some developer-mode info at the end.
+  */
+  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    Integer nThread = 1;
+    boolean doSomethingForDev = false;
+    Integer nRepeat = 1;
+    boolean forceFail = false;
+    boolean sqlLog = false;
+    boolean configLog = false;
+    boolean squelchTestOutput = false;
+    for( int i = 0; i < args.length; ){
+      String arg = args[i++];
+      if(arg.startsWith("-")){
+        arg = arg.replaceFirst("-+","");
+        if(arg.equals("v")){
+          doSomethingForDev = true;
+          //listBoundMethods();
+        }else if(arg.equals("t") || arg.equals("thread")){
+          nThread = Integer.parseInt(args[i++]);
+        }else if(arg.equals("r") || arg.equals("repeat")){
+          nRepeat = Integer.parseInt(args[i++]);
+        }else if(arg.equals("shuffle")){
+          shuffle = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("list-tests")){
+          listRunTests = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("fail")){
+          forceFail = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("sqllog")){
+          sqlLog = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("configlog")){
+          configLog = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("naps")){
+          takeNaps = true;
+        }else if(arg.equals("q") || arg.equals("quiet")){
+          squelchTestOutput = true;
+        }else{
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unhandled flag:"+arg);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if( sqlLog ){
+      if( CApi.sqlite3_compileoption_used("ENABLE_SQLLOG") ){
+        final ConfigSqllogCallback log = new ConfigSqllogCallback() {
+            @Override public void call(sqlite3 db, String msg, int op){
+              switch(op){
+                case 0: outln("Opening db: ",db); break;
+                case 1: outln("SQL ",db,": ",msg); break;
+                case 2: outln("Closing db: ",db); break;
+              }
+            }
+          };
+        int rc = CApi.sqlite3_config( log );
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+        rc = CApi.sqlite3_config( (ConfigSqllogCallback)null );
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+        rc = CApi.sqlite3_config( log );
+        affirm( 0==rc );
+      }else{
+        outln("WARNING: -sqllog is not active because library was built ",
+              "without SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG.");
+      }
+    }
+    if( configLog ){
+      final ConfigLogCallback log = new ConfigLogCallback() {
+          @Override public void call(int code, String msg){
+            outln("ConfigLogCallback: ",ResultCode.getEntryForInt(code),": ", msg);
+          };
+        };
+      int rc = CApi.sqlite3_config( log );
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+      rc = CApi.sqlite3_config( (ConfigLogCallback)null );
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+      rc = CApi.sqlite3_config( log );
+      affirm( 0==rc );
+    }
+
+    quietMode = squelchTestOutput;
+    outln("If you just saw warning messages regarding CallStaticObjectMethod, ",
+          "you are very likely seeing the side effects of a known openjdk8 ",
+          "bug. It is unsightly but does not affect the library.");
+
+    {
+      // Build list of tests to run from the methods named test*().
+      testMethods = new ArrayList<>();
+      int nSkipped = 0;
+      for(final java.lang.reflect.Method m : Tester2.class.getDeclaredMethods()){
+        final String name = m.getName();
+        if( name.equals("testFail") ){
+          if( forceFail ){
+            testMethods.add(m);
+          }
+        }else if( !m.isAnnotationPresent( ManualTest.class ) ){
+          if( nThread>1 && m.isAnnotationPresent( SingleThreadOnly.class ) ){
+            if( 0==nSkipped++ ){
+              out("Skipping tests in multi-thread mode:");
+            }
+            out(" "+name+"()");
+          }else if( name.startsWith("test") ){
+            testMethods.add(m);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if( nSkipped>0 ) out("\n");
+    }
+
+    final long timeStart = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    int nLoop = 0;
+    switch( CApi.sqlite3_threadsafe() ){ /* Sanity checking */
+      case 0:
+        affirm( CApi.SQLITE_ERROR==CApi.sqlite3_config( CApi.SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD ),
+                "Could not switch to single-thread mode." );
+        affirm( CApi.SQLITE_ERROR==CApi.sqlite3_config( CApi.SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD ),
+                "Could switch to multithread mode."  );
+        affirm( CApi.SQLITE_ERROR==CApi.sqlite3_config( CApi.SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED ),
+                "Could not switch to serialized threading mode."  );
+        outln("This is a single-threaded build. Not using threads.");
+        nThread = 1;
+        break;
+      case 1:
+      case 2:
+        affirm( 0==CApi.sqlite3_config( CApi.SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD ),
+                "Could not switch to single-thread mode." );
+        affirm( 0==CApi.sqlite3_config( CApi.SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD ),
+                "Could not switch to multithread mode."  );
+        affirm( 0==CApi.sqlite3_config( CApi.SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED ),
+                "Could not switch to serialized threading mode."  );
+        break;
+      default:
+        affirm( false, "Unhandled SQLITE_THREADSAFE value." );
+    }
+    outln("libversion_number: ",
+          CApi.sqlite3_libversion_number(),"\n",
+          CApi.sqlite3_libversion(),"\n",CApi.SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,"\n",
+          "SQLITE_THREADSAFE=",CApi.sqlite3_threadsafe());
+    final boolean showLoopCount = (nRepeat>1 && nThread>1);
+    if( showLoopCount ){
+      outln("Running ",nRepeat," loop(s) with ",nThread," thread(s) each.");
+    }
+    if( takeNaps ) outln("Napping between tests is enabled.");
+    for( int n = 0; n < nRepeat; ++n ){
+      ++nLoop;
+      if( showLoopCount ) out((1==nLoop ? "" : " ")+nLoop);
+      if( nThread<=1 ){
+        new Tester2(0).runTests(false);
+        continue;
+      }
+      Tester2.mtMode = true;
+      final ExecutorService ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool( nThread );
+      for( int i = 0; i < nThread; ++i ){
+        ex.submit( new Tester2(i), i );
+      }
+      ex.shutdown();
+      try{
+        ex.awaitTermination(nThread*200, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        ex.shutdownNow();
+      }catch (InterruptedException ie){
+        ex.shutdownNow();
+        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+      }
+      if( !listErrors.isEmpty() ){
+        quietMode = false;
+        outln("TEST ERRORS:");
+        Exception err = null;
+        for( Exception e : listErrors ){
+          e.printStackTrace();
+          if( null==err ) err = e;
+        }
+        if( null!=err ) throw err;
+      }
+    }
+    if( showLoopCount ) outln();
+    quietMode = false;
+
+    final long timeEnd = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    outln("Tests done. Metrics across ",nTestRuns," total iteration(s):");
+    outln("\tAssertions checked: ",affirmCount);
+    outln("\tDatabases opened: ",metrics.dbOpen);
+    if( doSomethingForDev ){
+      CApi.sqlite3_jni_internal_details();
+    }
+    affirm( 0==CApi.sqlite3_release_memory(1) );
+    CApi.sqlite3_shutdown();
+    int nMethods = 0;
+    int nNatives = 0;
+    int nCanonical = 0;
+    final java.lang.reflect.Method[] declaredMethods =
+      CApi.class.getDeclaredMethods();
+    for(java.lang.reflect.Method m : declaredMethods){
+      final int mod = m.getModifiers();
+      if( 0!=(mod & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.STATIC) ){
+        final String name = m.getName();
+        if(name.startsWith("sqlite3_")){
+          ++nMethods;
+          if( 0!=(mod & java.lang.reflect.Modifier.NATIVE) ){
+            ++nNatives;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    outln("\tCApi.sqlite3_*() methods: "+
+          nMethods+" total, with "+
+          nNatives+" native, "+
+          (nMethods - nNatives)+" Java"
+    );
+    outln("\tTotal test time = "
+          +(timeEnd - timeStart)+"ms");
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ValueHolder.java b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ValueHolder.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..009936a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ValueHolder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+** 2023-10-16
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a set of tests for the sqlite3 JNI bindings.
+*/
+package org.sqlite.jni.wrapper1;
+
+/**
+   A helper class which simply holds a single value. Its primary use
+   is for communicating values out of anonymous classes, as doing so
+   requires a "final" reference.
+*/
+public class ValueHolder<T> {
+  public T value;
+  public ValueHolder(){}
+  public ValueHolder(T v){value = v;}
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/000-000-sanity.test b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/000-000-sanity.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4ccbece3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/000-000-sanity.test
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+** This is a comment. There are many like it but this one is mine.
+**
+** SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:      sanity-check
+** xMIXED_MODULE_NAME:       mixed-module
+** xMODULE_NAME:             module-name
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      small fast reliable
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      TEMPSTORE_FILE TEMPSTORE_MEM
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      AUTOVACUUM INCRVACUUM
+**
+*/
+--print starting up 😃
+--close all
+--oom
+--db 0
+--new my.db
+--null zilch
+--testcase 1.0
+SELECT 1, null;
+--result 1 zilch
+--glob *zil*
+--notglob *ZIL*
+SELECT 1, 2;
+intentional error;
+--run
+--testcase json-1
+SELECT json_array(1,2,3)
+--json [1,2,3]
+--testcase tableresult-1
+  select 1, 'a';
+  select 2, 'b';
+--tableresult
+  # [a-z]
+  2 b
+--end
+--testcase json-block-1
+  select json_array(1,2,3);
+  select json_object('a',1,'b',2);
+--json-block
+  [1,2,3]
+  {"a":1,"b":2}
+--end
+--testcase col-names-on
+--column-names 1
+  select 1 as 'a', 2 as 'b';
+--result a 1 b 2
+--testcase col-names-off
+--column-names 0
+  select 1 as 'a', 2 as 'b';
+--result 1 2
+--close
+--print reached the end 😃
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/000-001-ignored.test b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/000-001-ignored.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5af852e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/000-001-ignored.test
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+/*
+** This script must be marked as ignored because it contains
+** content which triggers that condition.
+**
+** SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:        ignored
+**
+*/
+
+|
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/900-001-fts.test b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/900-001-fts.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..65285e86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/jni/src/tests/900-001-fts.test
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/*
+** SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:      fts5-sanity-checks
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:     FTS5
+**
+*/
+
+--testcase 1.0
+CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE email USING fts5(sender, title, body);
+insert into email values('fred','Help!','Dear Sir...');
+insert into email values('barney','Assistance','Dear Madam...');
+select * from email where email match 'assistance';
+--result barney Assistance {Dear Madam...}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/lsm1/lsm_vtab.c b/sqlite/ext/lsm1/lsm_vtab.c
index bb146029..8c21923e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/lsm1/lsm_vtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/lsm1/lsm_vtab.c
@@ -1061,6 +1061,11 @@ static sqlite3_module lsm1Module = {
   lsm1Rollback,            /* xRollback */
   0,                       /* xFindMethod */
   0,                       /* xRename */
+  0,                       /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                       /* xRelease */
+  0,                       /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                       /* xShadowName */
+  0                        /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/amatch.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/amatch.c
index bafa4328..dd9bee53 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/amatch.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/amatch.c
@@ -1475,7 +1475,8 @@ static sqlite3_module amatchModule = {
   0,                      /* xSavepoint */
   0,                      /* xRelease */
   0,                      /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                       /* xShadowName */
+  0,                      /* xShadowName */
+  0                       /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/btreeinfo.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/btreeinfo.c
index 22f82681..02f8c031 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/btreeinfo.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/btreeinfo.c
@@ -411,7 +411,8 @@ int sqlite3BinfoRegister(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                           /* xSavepoint */
     0,                           /* xRelease */
     0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
-    0                            /* xShadowName */
+    0,                           /* xShadowName */
+    0                            /* xIntegrity */
   };
   return sqlite3_create_module(db, "sqlite_btreeinfo", &binfo_module, 0);
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/carray.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/carray.c
index 709c894f..b1caa98c 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/carray.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/carray.c
@@ -409,6 +409,11 @@ static sqlite3_module carrayModule = {
   0,                         /* xRollback */
   0,                         /* xFindMethod */
   0,                         /* xRename */
+  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                         /* xRelease */
+  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                         /* xShadow */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/closure.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/closure.c
index db9b2b73..79a5a21d 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/closure.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/closure.c
@@ -939,7 +939,8 @@ static sqlite3_module closureModule = {
   0,                      /* xSavepoint */
   0,                      /* xRelease */
   0,                      /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                       /* xShadowName */
+  0,                      /* xShadowName */
+  0                       /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/completion.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/completion.c
index d9e7b859..987595a3 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/completion.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/completion.c
@@ -470,7 +470,8 @@ static sqlite3_module completionModule = {
   0,                         /* xSavepoint */
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                          /* xShadowName */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/csv.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/csv.c
index 870a0cf6..b38500f4 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/csv.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/csv.c
@@ -897,6 +897,11 @@ static sqlite3_module CsvModule = {
   0,                       /* xRollback */
   0,                       /* xFindMethod */
   0,                       /* xRename */
+  0,                       /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                       /* xRelease */
+  0,                       /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                       /* xShadowName */
+  0                        /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
@@ -929,6 +934,11 @@ static sqlite3_module CsvModuleFauxWrite = {
   0,                       /* xRollback */
   0,                       /* xFindMethod */
   0,                       /* xRename */
+  0,                       /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                       /* xRelease */
+  0,                       /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                       /* xShadowName */
+  0                        /* xIntegrity */
 };
 #endif /* SQLITE_TEST */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/decimal.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/decimal.c
index 4495cae4..9365ae68 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/decimal.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/decimal.c
@@ -58,41 +58,24 @@ static void decimal_free(Decimal *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Allocate a new Decimal object.  Initialize it to the number given
-** by the input string.
+** Allocate a new Decimal object initialized to the text in zIn[].
+** Return NULL if any kind of error occurs.
 */
-static Decimal *decimal_new(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
-  sqlite3_value *pIn,
-  int nAlt,
-  const unsigned char *zAlt
-){
-  Decimal *p;
-  int n, i;
-  const unsigned char *zIn;
+static Decimal *decimalNewFromText(const char *zIn, int n){
+  Decimal *p = 0;
+  int i;
   int iExp = 0;
+
   p = sqlite3_malloc( sizeof(*p) );
-  if( p==0 ) goto new_no_mem;
+  if( p==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
   p->sign = 0;
   p->oom = 0;
   p->isInit = 1;
   p->isNull = 0;
   p->nDigit = 0;
   p->nFrac = 0;
-  if( zAlt ){
-    n = nAlt,
-    zIn = zAlt;
-  }else{
-    if( sqlite3_value_type(pIn)==SQLITE_NULL ){
-      p->a = 0;
-      p->isNull = 1;
-      return p;
-    }
-    n = sqlite3_value_bytes(pIn);
-    zIn = sqlite3_value_text(pIn);
-  }
   p->a = sqlite3_malloc64( n+1 );
-  if( p->a==0 ) goto new_no_mem;
+  if( p->a==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
   for(i=0; isspace(zIn[i]); i++){}
   if( zIn[i]=='-' ){
     p->sign = 1;
@@ -143,7 +126,7 @@ static Decimal *decimal_new(
     }
     if( iExp>0 ){   
       p->a = sqlite3_realloc64(p->a, p->nDigit + iExp + 1 );
-      if( p->a==0 ) goto new_no_mem;
+      if( p->a==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
       memset(p->a+p->nDigit, 0, iExp);
       p->nDigit += iExp;
     }
@@ -162,7 +145,7 @@ static Decimal *decimal_new(
     }
     if( iExp>0 ){
       p->a = sqlite3_realloc64(p->a, p->nDigit + iExp + 1 );
-      if( p->a==0 ) goto new_no_mem;
+      if( p->a==0 ) goto new_from_text_failed;
       memmove(p->a+iExp, p->a, p->nDigit);
       memset(p->a, 0, iExp);
       p->nDigit += iExp;
@@ -171,7 +154,76 @@ static Decimal *decimal_new(
   }
   return p;
 
-new_no_mem:
+new_from_text_failed:
+  if( p ){
+    if( p->a ) sqlite3_free(p->a);
+    sqlite3_free(p);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Forward reference */
+static Decimal *decimalFromDouble(double);
+
+/*
+** Allocate a new Decimal object from an sqlite3_value.  Return a pointer
+** to the new object, or NULL if there is an error.  If the pCtx argument
+** is not NULL, then errors are reported on it as well.
+**
+** If the pIn argument is SQLITE_TEXT or SQLITE_INTEGER, it is converted
+** directly into a Decimal.  For SQLITE_FLOAT or for SQLITE_BLOB of length
+** 8 bytes, the resulting double value is expanded into its decimal equivalent.
+** If pIn is NULL or if it is a BLOB that is not exactly 8 bytes in length,
+** then NULL is returned.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimal_new(
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,       /* Report error here, if not null */
+  sqlite3_value *pIn,          /* Construct the decimal object from this */
+  int bTextOnly                /* Always interpret pIn as text if true */
+){
+  Decimal *p = 0;
+  int eType = sqlite3_value_type(pIn);
+  if( bTextOnly && (eType==SQLITE_FLOAT || eType==SQLITE_BLOB) ){
+    eType = SQLITE_TEXT;
+  }
+  switch( eType ){
+    case SQLITE_TEXT:
+    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+      const char *zIn = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pIn);
+      int n = sqlite3_value_bytes(pIn);
+      p = decimalNewFromText(zIn, n);
+      if( p==0 ) goto new_failed;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+      p = decimalFromDouble(sqlite3_value_double(pIn));
+      break;
+    }
+
+    case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+      const unsigned char *x;
+      unsigned int i;
+      sqlite3_uint64 v = 0;
+      double r;
+
+      if( sqlite3_value_bytes(pIn)!=sizeof(r) ) break;
+      x = sqlite3_value_blob(pIn);
+      for(i=0; i<sizeof(r); i++){
+        v = (v<<8) | x[i];
+      }
+      memcpy(&r, &v, sizeof(r));
+      p = decimalFromDouble(r);
+      break;
+    }
+
+    case SQLITE_NULL: {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  return p;
+
+new_failed:
   if( pCtx ) sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
   sqlite3_free(p);
   return 0;
@@ -231,19 +283,64 @@ static void decimal_result(sqlite3_context *pCtx, Decimal *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** SQL Function:   decimal(X)
-**
-** Convert input X into decimal and then back into text
+** Make the given Decimal the result in an format similar to  '%+#e'.
+** In other words, show exponential notation with leading and trailing
+** zeros omitted.
 */
-static void decimalFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *context,
-  int argc,
-  sqlite3_value **argv
-){
-  Decimal *p = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
-  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
-  decimal_result(context, p);
-  decimal_free(p);
+static void decimal_result_sci(sqlite3_context *pCtx, Decimal *p){
+  char *z;       /* The output buffer */
+  int i;         /* Loop counter */
+  int nZero;     /* Number of leading zeros */
+  int nDigit;    /* Number of digits not counting trailing zeros */
+  int nFrac;     /* Digits to the right of the decimal point */
+  int exp;       /* Exponent value */
+  signed char zero;     /* Zero value */
+  signed char *a;       /* Array of digits */
+
+  if( p==0 || p->oom ){
+    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+    return;
+  }
+  if( p->isNull ){
+    sqlite3_result_null(pCtx);
+    return;
+  }
+  for(nDigit=p->nDigit; nDigit>0 && p->a[nDigit-1]==0; nDigit--){}
+  for(nZero=0; nZero<nDigit && p->a[nZero]==0; nZero++){}
+  nFrac = p->nFrac + (nDigit - p->nDigit);
+  nDigit -= nZero;
+  z = sqlite3_malloc( nDigit+20 );
+  if( z==0 ){
+    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+    return;
+  }
+  if( nDigit==0 ){
+    zero = 0;
+    a = &zero;
+    nDigit = 1;
+    nFrac = 0;
+  }else{
+    a = &p->a[nZero];
+  }
+  if( p->sign && nDigit>0 ){
+    z[0] = '-';
+  }else{
+    z[0] = '+';
+  }
+  z[1] = a[0]+'0';
+  z[2] = '.';
+  if( nDigit==1 ){
+    z[3] = '0';
+    i = 4;
+  }else{
+    for(i=1; i<nDigit; i++){
+      z[2+i] = a[i]+'0';
+    }
+    i = nDigit+2;
+  }
+  exp = nDigit - nFrac - 1;
+  sqlite3_snprintf(nDigit+20-i, &z[i], "e%+03d", exp);
+  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, sqlite3_free);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -296,9 +393,9 @@ static void decimalCmpFunc(
   int rc;
 
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
-  pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
+  pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
   if( pA==0 || pA->isNull ) goto cmp_done;
-  pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 0, 0);
+  pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
   if( pB==0 || pB->isNull ) goto cmp_done;
   rc = decimal_cmp(pA, pB);
   if( rc<0 ) rc = -1;
@@ -338,7 +435,7 @@ static void decimal_expand(Decimal *p, int nDigit, int nFrac){
 }
 
 /*
-** Add the value pB into pA.
+** Add the value pB into pA.   A := A + B.
 **
 ** Both pA and pB might become denormalized by this routine.
 */
@@ -407,6 +504,172 @@ static void decimal_add(Decimal *pA, Decimal *pB){
   }
 }
 
+/*
+** Multiply A by B.   A := A * B
+**
+** All significant digits after the decimal point are retained.
+** Trailing zeros after the decimal point are omitted as long as
+** the number of digits after the decimal point is no less than
+** either the number of digits in either input.
+*/
+static void decimalMul(Decimal *pA, Decimal *pB){
+  signed char *acc = 0;
+  int i, j, k;
+  int minFrac;
+
+  if( pA==0 || pA->oom || pA->isNull
+   || pB==0 || pB->oom || pB->isNull 
+  ){
+    goto mul_end;
+  }
+  acc = sqlite3_malloc64( pA->nDigit + pB->nDigit + 2 );
+  if( acc==0 ){
+    pA->oom = 1;
+    goto mul_end;
+  }
+  memset(acc, 0, pA->nDigit + pB->nDigit + 2);
+  minFrac = pA->nFrac;
+  if( pB->nFrac<minFrac ) minFrac = pB->nFrac;
+  for(i=pA->nDigit-1; i>=0; i--){
+    signed char f = pA->a[i];
+    int carry = 0, x;
+    for(j=pB->nDigit-1, k=i+j+3; j>=0; j--, k--){
+      x = acc[k] + f*pB->a[j] + carry;
+      acc[k] = x%10;
+      carry = x/10;
+    }
+    x = acc[k] + carry;
+    acc[k] = x%10;
+    acc[k-1] += x/10;
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(pA->a);
+  pA->a = acc;
+  acc = 0;
+  pA->nDigit += pB->nDigit + 2;
+  pA->nFrac += pB->nFrac;
+  pA->sign ^= pB->sign;
+  while( pA->nFrac>minFrac && pA->a[pA->nDigit-1]==0 ){
+    pA->nFrac--;
+    pA->nDigit--;
+  }
+
+mul_end:
+  sqlite3_free(acc);
+}
+
+/*
+** Create a new Decimal object that contains an integer power of 2.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimalPow2(int N){
+  Decimal *pA = 0;      /* The result to be returned */
+  Decimal *pX = 0;      /* Multiplier */
+  if( N<-20000 || N>20000 ) goto pow2_fault;
+  pA = decimalNewFromText("1.0", 3);
+  if( pA==0 || pA->oom ) goto pow2_fault;
+  if( N==0 ) return pA;
+  if( N>0 ){
+    pX = decimalNewFromText("2.0", 3);
+  }else{
+    N = -N;
+    pX = decimalNewFromText("0.5", 3);
+  }
+  if( pX==0 || pX->oom ) goto pow2_fault;
+  while( 1 /* Exit by break */ ){
+    if( N & 1 ){
+      decimalMul(pA, pX);
+      if( pA->oom ) goto pow2_fault;
+    }
+    N >>= 1;
+    if( N==0 ) break;
+    decimalMul(pX, pX);
+  }
+  decimal_free(pX);
+  return pA;
+
+pow2_fault:
+  decimal_free(pA);
+  decimal_free(pX);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Use an IEEE754 binary64 ("double") to generate a new Decimal object.
+*/
+static Decimal *decimalFromDouble(double r){
+  sqlite3_int64 m, a;
+  int e;
+  int isNeg;
+  Decimal *pA;
+  Decimal *pX;
+  char zNum[100];
+  if( r<0.0 ){
+    isNeg = 1;
+    r = -r;
+  }else{
+    isNeg = 0;
+  }
+  memcpy(&a,&r,sizeof(a));
+  if( a==0 ){
+    e = 0;
+    m = 0;
+  }else{
+    e = a>>52;
+    m = a & ((((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52)-1);
+    if( e==0 ){
+      m <<= 1;
+    }else{
+      m |= ((sqlite3_int64)1)<<52;
+    }
+    while( e<1075 && m>0 && (m&1)==0 ){
+      m >>= 1;
+      e++;
+    }
+    if( isNeg ) m = -m;
+    e = e - 1075;
+    if( e>971 ){
+      return 0;  /* A NaN or an Infinity */
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* At this point m is the integer significand and e is the exponent */
+  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zNum), zNum, "%lld", m);
+  pA = decimalNewFromText(zNum, (int)strlen(zNum));
+  pX = decimalPow2(e);
+  decimalMul(pA, pX);
+  decimal_free(pX);
+  return pA;
+}
+
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal(X)
+** OR:             decimal_exp(X)
+**
+** Convert input X into decimal and then back into text.
+**
+** If X is originally a float, then a full decimal expansion of that floating
+** point value is done.  Or if X is an 8-byte blob, it is interpreted
+** as a float and similarly expanded.
+**
+** The decimal_exp(X) function returns the result in exponential notation.
+** decimal(X) returns a complete decimal, without the e+NNN at the end.
+*/
+static void decimalFunc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  Decimal *p =  decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0);
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+  if( p ){
+    if( sqlite3_user_data(context)!=0 ){
+      decimal_result_sci(context, p);
+    }else{
+      decimal_result(context, p);
+    }
+    decimal_free(p);
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Compare text in decimal order.
 */
@@ -417,8 +680,8 @@ static int decimalCollFunc(
 ){
   const unsigned char *zA = (const unsigned char*)pKey1;
   const unsigned char *zB = (const unsigned char*)pKey2;
-  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(0, 0, nKey1, zA);
-  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(0, 0, nKey2, zB);
+  Decimal *pA = decimalNewFromText((const char*)zA, nKey1);
+  Decimal *pB = decimalNewFromText((const char*)zB, nKey2);
   int rc;
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(notUsed);
   if( pA==0 || pB==0 ){
@@ -443,8 +706,8 @@ static void decimalAddFunc(
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
-  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 0, 0);
+  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
   decimal_add(pA, pB);
   decimal_result(context, pA);
@@ -456,8 +719,8 @@ static void decimalSubFunc(
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
-  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 0, 0);
+  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
   if( pB ){
     pB->sign = !pB->sign;
@@ -495,7 +758,7 @@ static void decimalSumStep(
     p->nFrac = 0;
   }
   if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
-  pArg = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
+  pArg = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
   decimal_add(p, pArg);
   decimal_free(pArg);
 }
@@ -510,7 +773,7 @@ static void decimalSumInverse(
   p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*p));
   if( p==0 ) return;
   if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
-  pArg = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
+  pArg = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
   if( pArg ) pArg->sign = !pArg->sign;
   decimal_add(p, pArg);
   decimal_free(pArg);
@@ -531,66 +794,49 @@ static void decimalSumFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
 ** SQL Function:   decimal_mul(X, Y)
 **
 ** Return the product of X and Y.
-**
-** All significant digits after the decimal point are retained.
-** Trailing zeros after the decimal point are omitted as long as
-** the number of digits after the decimal point is no less than
-** either the number of digits in either input.
 */
 static void decimalMulFunc(
   sqlite3_context *context,
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 0, 0);
-  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 0, 0);
-  signed char *acc = 0;
-  int i, j, k;
-  int minFrac;
+  Decimal *pA = decimal_new(context, argv[0], 1);
+  Decimal *pB = decimal_new(context, argv[1], 1);
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
   if( pA==0 || pA->oom || pA->isNull
    || pB==0 || pB->oom || pB->isNull 
   ){
     goto mul_end;
   }
-  acc = sqlite3_malloc64( pA->nDigit + pB->nDigit + 2 );
-  if( acc==0 ){
-    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+  decimalMul(pA, pB);
+  if( pA->oom ){
     goto mul_end;
   }
-  memset(acc, 0, pA->nDigit + pB->nDigit + 2);
-  minFrac = pA->nFrac;
-  if( pB->nFrac<minFrac ) minFrac = pB->nFrac;
-  for(i=pA->nDigit-1; i>=0; i--){
-    signed char f = pA->a[i];
-    int carry = 0, x;
-    for(j=pB->nDigit-1, k=i+j+3; j>=0; j--, k--){
-      x = acc[k] + f*pB->a[j] + carry;
-      acc[k] = x%10;
-      carry = x/10;
-    }
-    x = acc[k] + carry;
-    acc[k] = x%10;
-    acc[k-1] += x/10;
-  }
-  sqlite3_free(pA->a);
-  pA->a = acc;
-  acc = 0;
-  pA->nDigit += pB->nDigit + 2;
-  pA->nFrac += pB->nFrac;
-  pA->sign ^= pB->sign;
-  while( pA->nFrac>minFrac && pA->a[pA->nDigit-1]==0 ){
-    pA->nFrac--;
-    pA->nDigit--;
-  }
   decimal_result(context, pA);
 
 mul_end:
-  sqlite3_free(acc);
   decimal_free(pA);
   decimal_free(pB);
 }
 
+/*
+** SQL Function:   decimal_pow2(N)
+**
+** Return the N-th power of 2.  N must be an integer.
+*/
+static void decimalPow2Func(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+    Decimal *pA = decimalPow2(sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]));
+    decimal_result_sci(context, pA);
+    decimal_free(pA);
+  }
+}
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 __declspec(dllexport)
 #endif
@@ -603,13 +849,16 @@ int sqlite3_decimal_init(
   static const struct {
     const char *zFuncName;
     int nArg;
+    int iArg;
     void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
   } aFunc[] = {
-    { "decimal",       1,   decimalFunc        },
-    { "decimal_cmp",   2,   decimalCmpFunc     },
-    { "decimal_add",   2,   decimalAddFunc     },
-    { "decimal_sub",   2,   decimalSubFunc     },
-    { "decimal_mul",   2,   decimalMulFunc     },
+    { "decimal",       1, 0,  decimalFunc        },
+    { "decimal_exp",   1, 1,  decimalFunc        },
+    { "decimal_cmp",   2, 0,  decimalCmpFunc     },
+    { "decimal_add",   2, 0,  decimalAddFunc     },
+    { "decimal_sub",   2, 0,  decimalSubFunc     },
+    { "decimal_mul",   2, 0,  decimalMulFunc     },
+    { "decimal_pow2",  1, 0,  decimalPow2Func    },
   };
   unsigned int i;
   (void)pzErrMsg;  /* Unused parameter */
@@ -619,7 +868,7 @@ int sqlite3_decimal_init(
   for(i=0; i<(int)(sizeof(aFunc)/sizeof(aFunc[0])) && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
     rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, aFunc[i].zFuncName, aFunc[i].nArg,
                    SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_INNOCUOUS|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC,
-                   0, aFunc[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
+                   aFunc[i].iArg ? db : 0, aFunc[i].xFunc, 0, 0);
   }
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     rc = sqlite3_create_window_function(db, "decimal_sum", 1,
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/explain.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/explain.c
index 00951945..726af76b 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/explain.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/explain.c
@@ -293,6 +293,7 @@ static sqlite3_module explainModule = {
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
   0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/fileio.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/fileio.c
index 7cdbd596..70546adf 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/fileio.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/fileio.c
@@ -983,6 +983,7 @@ static int fsdirRegister(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                         /* xRelease */
     0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
     0,                         /* xShadowName */
+    0                          /* xIntegrity */
   };
 
   int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "fsdir", &fsdirModule, 0);
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/fossildelta.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/fossildelta.c
index 6a597e0d..e638737d 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/fossildelta.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/fossildelta.c
@@ -1058,7 +1058,8 @@ static sqlite3_module deltaparsevtabModule = {
   /* xSavepoint  */ 0,
   /* xRelease    */ 0,
   /* xRollbackTo */ 0,
-  /* xShadowName */ 0
+  /* xShadowName */ 0,
+  /* xIntegrity  */ 0
 };
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/fuzzer.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/fuzzer.c
index 65d9d8df..92b7c0da 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/fuzzer.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/fuzzer.c
@@ -1165,6 +1165,11 @@ static sqlite3_module fuzzerModule = {
   0,                           /* xRollback */
   0,                           /* xFindMethod */
   0,                           /* xRename */
+  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                           /* xRelease */
+  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/ieee754.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/ieee754.c
index ff5d2d33..99489fe9 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/ieee754.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/ieee754.c
@@ -256,6 +256,37 @@ static void ieee754func_to_blob(
   }
 }
 
+/*
+** SQL Function:   ieee754_inc(r,N)
+**
+** Move the floating point value r by N quantums and return the new
+** values.
+**
+** Behind the scenes: this routine merely casts r into a 64-bit unsigned
+** integer, adds N, then casts the value back into float.
+**
+** Example:  To find the smallest positive number:
+**
+**     SELECT ieee754_inc(0.0,+1);
+*/
+static void ieee754inc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  double r;
+  sqlite3_int64 N;
+  sqlite3_uint64 m1, m2;
+  double r2;
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+  r = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
+  N = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
+  memcpy(&m1, &r, 8);
+  m2 = m1 + N;
+  memcpy(&r2, &m2, 8);
+  sqlite3_result_double(context, r2);
+}
+
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 __declspec(dllexport)
@@ -277,7 +308,7 @@ int sqlite3_ieee_init(
     { "ieee754_exponent",  1,   2, ieee754func },
     { "ieee754_to_blob",   1,   0, ieee754func_to_blob },
     { "ieee754_from_blob", 1,   0, ieee754func_from_blob },
-
+    { "ieee754_inc",       2,   0, ieee754inc  },
   };
   unsigned int i;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/memstat.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/memstat.c
index 800a86e7..c56af9f2 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/memstat.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/memstat.c
@@ -396,6 +396,7 @@ static sqlite3_module memstatModule = {
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
   0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/mmapwarm.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/mmapwarm.c
index 5afa47bf..851f8b0e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/mmapwarm.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/mmapwarm.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ int sqlite3_mmap_warm(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   char *zSql = 0;
   int pgsz = 0;
-  int nTotal = 0;
+  unsigned int nTotal = 0;
 
   if( 0==sqlite3_get_autocommit(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
 
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ int sqlite3_mmap_warm(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb){
         rc = p->xFetch(pFd, pgsz*iPg, pgsz, (void**)&pMap);
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || pMap==0 ) break;
 
-        nTotal += pMap[0];
-        nTotal += pMap[pgsz-1];
+        nTotal += (unsigned int)pMap[0];
+        nTotal += (unsigned int)pMap[pgsz-1];
 
         rc = p->xUnfetch(pFd, pgsz*iPg, (void*)pMap);
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
@@ -103,5 +103,6 @@ int sqlite3_mmap_warm(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb){
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = rc2;
   }
 
+  (void)nTotal;
   return rc;
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/pcachetrace.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/pcachetrace.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3757d8d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/pcachetrace.c
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+** 2023-06-21
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+**
+** This file implements an extension that uses the SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2
+** mechanism to add a tracing layer on top of pluggable page cache of
+** SQLite.  If this extension is registered prior to sqlite3_initialize(),
+** it will cause all page cache activities to be logged on standard output,
+** or to some other FILE specified by the initializer.
+**
+** This file needs to be compiled into the application that uses it.
+**
+** This extension is used to implement the --pcachetrace option of the
+** command-line shell.
+*/
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* The original page cache routines */
+static sqlite3_pcache_methods2 pcacheBase;
+static FILE *pcachetraceOut;
+
+/* Methods that trace pcache activity */
+static int pcachetraceInit(void *pArg){
+  int nRes;
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xInit(%p)\n", pArg);
+  }
+  nRes = pcacheBase.xInit(pArg);
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xInit(%p) -> %d\n", pArg, nRes);
+  }
+  return nRes;
+}
+static void pcachetraceShutdown(void *pArg){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xShutdown(%p)\n", pArg);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xShutdown(pArg);
+}
+static sqlite3_pcache *pcachetraceCreate(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurge){
+  sqlite3_pcache *pRes;
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xCreate(%d,%d,%d)\n",
+            szPage, szExtra, bPurge);
+  }
+  pRes = pcacheBase.xCreate(szPage, szExtra, bPurge);
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xCreate(%d,%d,%d) -> %p\n",
+            szPage, szExtra, bPurge, pRes);
+  }
+  return pRes;
+}
+static void pcachetraceCachesize(sqlite3_pcache *p, int nCachesize){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xCachesize(%p, %d)\n", p, nCachesize);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xCachesize(p, nCachesize);
+}
+static int pcachetracePagecount(sqlite3_pcache *p){
+  int nRes;
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xPagecount(%p)\n", p);
+  }
+  nRes = pcacheBase.xPagecount(p);
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xPagecount(%p) -> %d\n", p, nRes);
+  }
+  return nRes;
+}
+static sqlite3_pcache_page *pcachetraceFetch(
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  unsigned key,
+  int crFg
+){
+  sqlite3_pcache_page *pRes;
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xFetch(%p,%u,%d)\n", p, key, crFg);
+  }
+  pRes = pcacheBase.xFetch(p, key, crFg);
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xFetch(%p,%u,%d) -> %p\n",
+            p, key, crFg, pRes);
+  }
+  return pRes;
+}
+static void pcachetraceUnpin(
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  sqlite3_pcache_page *pPg,
+  int bDiscard
+){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xUnpin(%p, %p, %d)\n",
+            p, pPg, bDiscard);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xUnpin(p, pPg, bDiscard);
+}
+static void pcachetraceRekey(
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  sqlite3_pcache_page *pPg,
+  unsigned oldKey,
+  unsigned newKey
+){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xRekey(%p, %p, %u, %u)\n",
+        p, pPg, oldKey, newKey);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xRekey(p, pPg, oldKey, newKey);
+}
+static void pcachetraceTruncate(sqlite3_pcache *p, unsigned n){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xTruncate(%p, %u)\n", p, n);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xTruncate(p, n);
+}
+static void pcachetraceDestroy(sqlite3_pcache *p){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xDestroy(%p)\n", p);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xDestroy(p);
+}
+static void pcachetraceShrink(sqlite3_pcache *p){
+  if( pcachetraceOut ){
+    fprintf(pcachetraceOut, "PCACHETRACE: xShrink(%p)\n", p);
+  }
+  pcacheBase.xShrink(p);
+}
+
+/* The substitute pcache methods */
+static sqlite3_pcache_methods2 ersaztPcacheMethods = {
+  0,
+  0,
+  pcachetraceInit,
+  pcachetraceShutdown,
+  pcachetraceCreate,
+  pcachetraceCachesize,
+  pcachetracePagecount,
+  pcachetraceFetch,
+  pcachetraceUnpin,
+  pcachetraceRekey,
+  pcachetraceTruncate,
+  pcachetraceDestroy,
+  pcachetraceShrink
+};
+
+/* Begin tracing memory allocations to out. */
+int sqlite3PcacheTraceActivate(FILE *out){
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  if( pcacheBase.xFetch==0 ){
+    rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2, &pcacheBase);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2, &ersaztPcacheMethods);
+    }
+  }
+  pcachetraceOut = out;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/* Deactivate memory tracing */
+int sqlite3PcacheTraceDeactivate(void){
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  if( pcacheBase.xFetch!=0 ){
+    rc = sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2, &pcacheBase);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      memset(&pcacheBase, 0, sizeof(pcacheBase));
+    }
+  }
+  pcachetraceOut = 0;
+  return rc;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/prefixes.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/prefixes.c
index 3f053b7f..e6517e71 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/prefixes.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/prefixes.c
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@ static sqlite3_module prefixesModule = {
   /* xSavepoint  */ 0,
   /* xRelease    */ 0,
   /* xRollbackTo */ 0,
-  /* xShadowName */ 0
+  /* xShadowName */ 0,
+  /* xIntegrity  */ 0
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/qpvtab.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/qpvtab.c
index fb0c155a..b7c2a051 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/qpvtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/qpvtab.c
@@ -439,7 +439,8 @@ static sqlite3_module qpvtabModule = {
   /* xSavepoint  */ 0,
   /* xRelease    */ 0,
   /* xRollbackTo */ 0,
-  /* xShadowName */ 0
+  /* xShadowName */ 0,
+  /* xIntegrity  */ 0
 };
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/series.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/series.c
index 0deabf95..abd6af7a 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/series.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/series.c
@@ -330,6 +330,10 @@ static int seriesColumn(
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
+#ifndef LARGEST_UINT64
+#define LARGEST_UINT64 (0xffffffff|(((sqlite3_uint64)0xffffffff)<<32))
+#endif
+
 /*
 ** Return the rowid for the current row, logically equivalent to n+1 where
 ** "n" is the ascending integer in the aforesaid production definition.
@@ -337,7 +341,7 @@ static int seriesColumn(
 static int seriesRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
   series_cursor *pCur = (series_cursor*)cur;
   sqlite3_uint64 n = pCur->ss.uSeqIndexNow;
-  *pRowid = (sqlite3_int64)((n<0xffffffffffffffff)? n+1 : 0);
+  *pRowid = (sqlite3_int64)((n<LARGEST_UINT64)? n+1 : 0);
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -553,7 +557,8 @@ static sqlite3_module seriesModule = {
   0,                         /* xSavepoint */
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                          /* xShadowName */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/spellfix.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/spellfix.c
index 3b78d9f0..a0c5aafd 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/spellfix.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/spellfix.c
@@ -3009,6 +3009,11 @@ static sqlite3_module spellfix1Module = {
   0,                       /* xRollback */
   0,                       /* xFindMethod */
   spellfix1Rename,         /* xRename */
+  0,                       /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                       /* xRelease */
+  0,                       /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                       /* xShadowName */
+  0                        /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/stmt.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/stmt.c
index 4819cbe6..cc1aaa84 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/stmt.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/stmt.c
@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ static sqlite3_module stmtModule = {
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
   0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/templatevtab.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/templatevtab.c
index d7efa2b4..5865f521 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/templatevtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/templatevtab.c
@@ -249,7 +249,8 @@ static sqlite3_module templatevtabModule = {
   /* xSavepoint  */ 0,
   /* xRelease    */ 0,
   /* xRollbackTo */ 0,
-  /* xShadowName */ 0
+  /* xShadowName */ 0,
+  /* xIntegrity  */ 0
 };
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/unionvtab.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/unionvtab.c
index 6ac7ca6e..506ad5dd 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/unionvtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/unionvtab.c
@@ -1351,7 +1351,8 @@ static int createUnionVtab(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                            /* xSavepoint */
     0,                            /* xRelease */
     0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
-    0                             /* xShadowName */
+    0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0                             /* xIntegrity */
   };
   int rc;
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/vfsstat.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/vfsstat.c
index 83a7a3df..ba22115a 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/vfsstat.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/vfsstat.c
@@ -775,6 +775,11 @@ static sqlite3_module VfsStatModule = {
   0,                         /* xRollback */
   0,                         /* xFindMethod */
   0,                         /* xRename */
+  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                         /* xRelease */
+  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/vtablog.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/vtablog.c
index 424b3457..e414e7af 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/vtablog.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/vtablog.c
@@ -493,6 +493,7 @@ static sqlite3_module vtablogModule = {
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
   0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/wholenumber.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/wholenumber.c
index 03d6e690..4c955925 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/wholenumber.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/wholenumber.c
@@ -254,6 +254,11 @@ static sqlite3_module wholenumberModule = {
   0,                         /* xRollback */
   0,                         /* xFindMethod */
   0,                         /* xRename */
+  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                         /* xRelease */
+  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/misc/zipfile.c b/sqlite/ext/misc/zipfile.c
index 4dbf80b1..db327809 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/misc/zipfile.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/misc/zipfile.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <assert.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
 
 #include <zlib.h>
 
@@ -2200,7 +2201,8 @@ static int zipfileRegister(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                         /* xSavepoint */
     0,                         /* xRelease */
     0,                         /* xRollback */
-    0                          /* xShadowName */
+    0,                         /* xShadowName */
+    0                          /* xIntegrity */
   };
 
   int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "zipfile"  , &zipfileModule, 0);
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/recover/dbdata.c b/sqlite/ext/recover/dbdata.c
index 878a61f1..25a6e9fd 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/recover/dbdata.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/recover/dbdata.c
@@ -73,13 +73,12 @@
 */
 
 #if !defined(SQLITEINT_H) 
-#include "sqlite3ext.h"
+#include "sqlite3.h"
 
 typedef unsigned char u8;
 typedef unsigned int u32;
 
 #endif
-SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT1
 #include <string.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 
@@ -664,8 +663,14 @@ static int dbdataNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pCursor){
           if( pCsr->pHdrPtr>&pCsr->pRec[pCsr->nRec] ){
             bNextPage = 1;
           }else{
+            int szField = 0;
             pCsr->pHdrPtr += dbdataGetVarintU32(pCsr->pHdrPtr, &iType);
-            pCsr->pPtr += dbdataValueBytes(iType);
+            szField = dbdataValueBytes(iType);
+            if( (pCsr->nRec - (pCsr->pPtr - pCsr->pRec))<szField ){
+              pCsr->pPtr = &pCsr->pRec[pCsr->nRec];
+            }else{
+              pCsr->pPtr += szField;
+            }
           }
         }
       }
@@ -928,7 +933,8 @@ static int sqlite3DbdataRegister(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                            /* xSavepoint */
     0,                            /* xRelease */
     0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
-    0                             /* xShadowName */
+    0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0                             /* xIntegrity */
   };
 
   int rc = sqlite3_create_module(db, "sqlite_dbdata", &dbdata_module, 0);
@@ -938,15 +944,11 @@ static int sqlite3DbdataRegister(sqlite3 *db){
   return rc;
 }
 
-#ifdef _WIN32
-__declspec(dllexport)
-#endif
 int sqlite3_dbdata_init(
   sqlite3 *db, 
   char **pzErrMsg, 
   const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
 ){
-  SQLITE_EXTENSION_INIT2(pApi);
   (void)pzErrMsg;
   return sqlite3DbdataRegister(db);
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/recover/recovercorrupt2.test b/sqlite/ext/recover/recovercorrupt2.test
index 7147c67e..29acc27a 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/recover/recovercorrupt2.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/recover/recovercorrupt2.test
@@ -285,5 +285,244 @@ do_test 5.1 {
   list [catch { $R finish } msg] $msg
 } {0 {}}
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+reset_db
+do_test 6.0 {
+  sqlite3 db {}
+  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
+| size 8192 pagesize 4096 filename abc.db
+| page 1 offset 0
+|      0: 53 51 4c 69 74 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 33 00   SQLite format 3.
+|     16: 10 00 01 01 00 40 20 20 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 02   .....@  ........
+|     32: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 04   ................
+|     48: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00   ................
+|     80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02   ................
+|     96: 00 2e 6e b8 0d 00 00 00 01 0f dc 00 0f dc 00 00   ..n.............
+|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 22 01 06 17   ................
+|   4064: 11 11 01 31 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 74 31 02 43 52   ...1tablet1t1.CR
+|   4080: 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 31 28 78 29   EATE TABLE t1(x)
+| page 2 offset 4096
+|      0: 0d 00 00 00 01 0f e2 00 0f e2 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4064: 00 00 1c 01 02 41 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6a   .....Aabcdefghij
+|   4080: 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7a   klmnopqrstuvwxyz
+| end abc.db
+}]} {}
+do_test 6.1 {
+  set R [sqlite3_recover_init db main test.db2]
+  catch { $R run }
+  list [catch { $R finish } msg] $msg
+} {0 {}}
+
+reset_db
+breakpoint
+do_test 6.2 {
+  sqlite3 db {}
+  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
+| size 8192 pagesize 4096 filename abc.db
+| page 1 offset 0
+|      0: 53 51 4c 69 74 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 33 00   SQLite format 3.
+|     16: 10 00 01 01 00 40 20 20 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 02   .....@  ........
+|     32: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 04   ................
+|     48: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00   ................
+|     80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02   ................
+|     96: 00 2e 6e b8 0d 00 00 00 01 0f dc 00 0f dc 00 00   ..n.............
+|   4048: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 22 01 06 17   ................
+|   4064: 11 11 01 31 74 61 62 6c 65 74 31 74 31 02 43 52   ...1tablet1t1.CR
+|   4080: 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4c 45 20 74 31 28 78 29   EATE TABLE t1(x)
+| page 2 offset 4096
+|      0: 0d 00 00 00 01 0f e2 00 0f e2 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   4064: 00 00 1c 01 02 8F FF FF FF 7E 65 66 67 68 69 6a   .....Aabcdefghij
+|   4080: 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7a   klmnopqrstuvwxyz
+| end abc.db
+}]} {}
+do_test 6.3 {
+  set R [sqlite3_recover_init db main test.db2]
+  catch { $R run }
+  list [catch { $R finish } msg] $msg
+} {0 {}}
+
+reset_db
+breakpoint
+do_test 7.0 {
+  sqlite3 db {}
+  db deserialize [decode_hexdb {
+| size 4108 pagesize 4096 filename x1.db
+| page 1 offset 0
+|      0: 02 01 00 00 00 00 14 15 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   ........@.......
+|     16: 33 3a 6d 65 6d 6f 72 79 3a 02 02 02 02 02 02 02   3:memory:.......
+|     32: 02 02 02 02 02 02 12 02 02 02 63 6f 6c 6f 72 20   ..........color 
+|     48: 73 70 61 63 00 f3 a0 81 a1 00 00 a0 02 02 02 02   spac............
+|     64: 69 95 73 6f 36 00 ff 0d 00 97 8c 90 3f 0a 70 02   i.so6.......?.p.
+|     80: 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 01 00 00   ................
+|     96: 06 02 02 02 02 5f 02 02 02 2c 02 02 02 02 02 02   ....._...,......
+|    112: 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 12 02 02 02 63 6f 6c   .............col
+|    128: 6f 72 20 73 70 61 63 00 f3 a0 81 a1 00 00 a0 02   or spac.........
+|    144: 02 02 02 69 95 73 6f 36 00 ff 0d 00 97 8c 90 3f   ...i.so6.......?
+|    160: 0a 70 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 02   .p..............
+|    176: 01 00 00 06 02 02 02 02 5f 02 02 02 2c 02 02 00   ........_...,...
+|    192: 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 fe 00 00 03 00 01   ................
+|    208: 00 00 00 01 c5 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01   ................
+|    224: 00 fa 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 81 00 04 00   ................
+|    240: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 fe 00 03 00   ................
+|    256: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    272: 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00   ................
+|    288: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00   ................
+|    304: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    320: 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 40 00 84 00   ............@...
+|    336: 84 00 84 00 01 00 00 00 09 00 06 00 f5 00 01 00   ................
+|    352: 08 01 03 00 03 00 62 00 62 00 23 00 01 00 62 00   ......b.b.#...b.
+|    368: 04 00 1e 00 62 00 62 00 62 00 01 00 00 00 0a 00   ....b.b.b.......
+|    384: 01 00 03 00 01 00 03 00 04 00 02 00 01 00 01 00   ................
+|    400: 08 00 01 00 31 c6 00 03 00 0c 00 12 00 18 00 02   ....1...........
+|    416: 00 05 00 08 00 02 00 06 00 08 00 02 00 07 00 08   ................
+|    432: 00 02 00 01 00 01 00 08 00 01 00 0c 00 03 00 16   ................
+|    448: 00 1c 00 22 00 01 00 03 00 05 00 06 00 07 00 02   ................
+|    464: 00 05 00 09 00 02 00 06 00 09 00 02 00 07 00 09   ................
+|    480: 00 00 00 00 01 00 05 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    496: 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00   ................
+|    512: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00   ................
+|    528: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    544: 01 00 02 00 00 f6 03 00 00 02 00 00 01 00 04 00   ................
+|    560: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00   ................
+|    576: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    592: 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00   ................
+|    608: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00   ................
+|    624: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    640: 01 3d 02 00 00 00 03 00 06 00 00 00 01 00 01 00   .=..............
+|    656: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00   ................
+|    672: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|    688: 01 00 02 00 00 00 55 52 4c 52 65 71 75 65 73 74   ......URLRequest
+|    704: 43 6f 6e 00 00 00 01 01 0e d4 00 04 00 00 00 01   Con.............
+|    720: 0e f8 00 04 00 00 00 01 0f 1c 00 04 00 00 00 01   ................
+|    736: 0f 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 0f 86 00 01 00 00 00 01   ................
+|    752: 0f 84 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 0f c0 00 01 00   ................
+|    768: 00 00 01 0f e8 00 d6 0f 00 01 6f 00 02 0f d6 00   ..........o.....
+|    784: 02 34 03 03 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 05 00 00 00   .4..............
+|    800: 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00   ................
+|    816: 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|    832: 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 10 00 01 00 04 00 00 00   ................
+|    848: 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 02   ................
+|    864: 00 00 01 40 04 00 00 03 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00   ...@............
+|    880: 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 0e f8 00   ................
+|    896: 04 77 4f 46 32 73 40 23 70 00 00 00 70 00 1f 00   .wOF2s@#p...p...
+|    912: 00 00 d8 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 43 00 00 00   ............C...
+|    928: 00 00 ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 a8 00 00 0c 00 00 00   ................
+|   1024: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 22 00 22 0f 00   ................
+|   1040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 22 00 00 70 00 1f 00 00 0f   ..........p.....
+|   1056: d8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   1072: 00 01 00 00 00 3f 23 70 00 00 00 01 0f 1c 00 04   .....?#p........
+|   1088: 00 00 00 01 0f 40 00 01 00 00 00 01 0f 86 00 01   .....@..........
+|   1104: 00 00 00 01 0f 84 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 0f   ................
+|   1120: c0 00 01 00 00 00 01 0f e8 00 01 0f d6 00 6f 00   ..............o.
+|   1136: 02 0f d6 00 03 02 31 03 2b 03 2a f2 00 0f d4 00   ......1.+.*.....
+|   1152: 01 00 08 00 01 00 04 03 2b 00 02 02 32 00 01 0f   ........+...2...
+|   1168: c8 01 15 00 02 20 c8 00 02 12 ad 02 00 24 06 c0   ..... .......$..
+|   1184: 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 24 00 2a 06 e4 00 00 00 03   .......$.*......
+|   1200: 00 00 01 25 00 38 07 0e 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 26   ...%.8.........&
+|   1216: 00 34 07 46 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 27 00 1c 07 7a   .4.F.......'...z
+|   1232: 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 28 00 2a 07 96 00 00 00 03   .......(.*......
+|   1248: 00 e5 01 29 00 34 07 c0 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 2a   ...).4.........*
+|   1264: 67 34 07 f4 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 2b 00 22 08 28   g4.........+...(
+|   1280: 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00   ................
+|   1296: 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|   1312: 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 02 00 00   ................
+|   1328: 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00   ................
+|   1344: 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|   1360: 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 21   ...............!
+|   1376: 04 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00   ................
+|   1392: 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|   1408: 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|   1424: 01 00 05 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 02 02 02   ................
+|   1440: 12 02 02 02 63 6f 6c 6f 72 20 73 70 61 63 00 f3   ....color spac..
+|   1456: a0 81 a1 00 00 a0 02 02 02 02 69 95 73 6f 36 00   ..........i.so6.
+|   1472: ff 0d 00 97 8c 90 3f 0a 70 02 02 02 02 02 02 02   ......?.p.......
+|   1488: 02 02 02 02 02 02 02 01 00 00 06 02 02 02 02 5f   ..............._
+|   1504: 02 02 02 2c 02 02 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00   ...,............
+|   1520: 02 fe 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 c5 04 00 00 00   ................
+|   1536: 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00   ................
+|   1552: 00 00 81 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|   1568: 02 00 fe 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00   ................
+|   1584: 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00   ................
+|   1600: 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|   1616: 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00   ................
+|   1632: 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00   ................
+|   1648: 00 00 40 00 84 00 84 00 84 00 01 00 00 00 09 00   ..@.............
+|   1664: 06 00 f5 00 01 00 08 01 03 15 15 15 15 15 15 15   ................
+|   1680: 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15   ................
+|   1696: 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15   ................
+|   1712: 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15   ................
+|   1728: 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15   ................
+|   1744: 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15   ................
+|   1760: 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 00 03 00 62 00   ..............b.
+|   1776: 62 00 23 00 01 00 62 00 04 00 1e 00 62 00 62 00   b.#...b.....b.b.
+|   1792: 62 00 01 00 00 00 0a 00 01 00 03 00 01 00 03 00   b...............
+|   1808: 04 00 02 00 01 00 01 00 08 00 01 00 31 c6 00 03   ............1...
+|   1824: 00 0c 00 12 00 18 00 02 00 05 00 08 00 02 00 06   ................
+|   1840: 00 08 00 02 00 07 00 08 00 02 00 01 00 01 00 08   ................
+|   1856: 00 01 00 0c 00 03 00 16 00 1c 00 22 00 01 00 03   ................
+|   1872: 00 05 00 06 00 07 00 02 00 05 00 09 00 02 00 06   ................
+|   1888: 00 09 00 02 00 07 00 09 00 00 00 00 01 00 05 00   ................
+|   1904: 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00   ................
+|   1920: 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00   ................
+|   1936: 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00   ................
+|   1952: 00 00 01 0f d6 00 02 34 03 03 03 00 01 00 00 00   .......4........
+|   1968: 01 00 05 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00   ................
+|   1984: 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00   ................
+|   2000: 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 fc 42 dc 19 5c 74 23 18 cd   ........B...t#..
+|   2016: b3 a5 a8 7a 90 40 1d 66 12 5d e5 4f 85 00 68 f4   ...z.@.f.].O..h.
+|   2032: 05 98 86 25 24 dd bc c2 f6 f6 4e a3 e2 61 d2 c6   ...%$.....N..a..
+|   2048: aa c1 56 50 d4 80 82 35 f1 e2 59 41 50 a6 da 51   ..VP...5..YAP..Q
+|   2064: d4 62 9c 19 94 58 aa 31 30 8a 22 c2 5f 33 2b c9   .b...X.10..._3+.
+|   2080: b6 e6 b4 11 4e 51 82 c4 d8 b6 d8 b4 06 04 fb 68   ....NQ.........h
+|   2096: f4 d2 6f e7 cb 8a a8 82 d5 74 00 00 00 00 00 00   ..o......t......
+|   2368: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   2432: 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 10 00 01 00 04 00 00   ................
+|   2448: 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00   ................
+|   2464: 02 00 00 01 40 04 00 00 03 01 00 01 00 00 00 01   ....@...........
+|   2480: 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 0e f8   ................
+|   2496: 00 04 77 4f 46 32 73 40 23 70 00 00 00 70 00 1f   ..wOF2s@#p...p..
+|   2512: 00 00 00 d8 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 43 00 00   .............C..
+|   2528: 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 a8 00 00 0c 00 00   ................
+|   2624: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 22 00 22 0f   ................
+|   2640: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 22 00 00 70 00 1f 00 00   ...........p....
+|   2656: 0f d8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   2672: 00 00 01 00 00 00 3f 23 70 00 00 00 01 0f 1c 00   ......?#p.......
+|   2688: 04 00 00 00 01 0f 40 00 01 00 00 00 01 0f 86 00   ......@.........
+|   2704: 01 00 00 00 01 0f 84 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01   ................
+|   2720: 0f c0 00 01 00 00 00 01 0f e8 00 01 0f d6 00 6f   ...............o
+|   2736: 00 02 0f d6 00 03 02 31 03 2b 03 2a f2 00 0f d4   .......1.+.*....
+|   2752: 00 01 00 08 00 01 00 04 03 2b 00 02 02 32 00 01   .........+...2..
+|   2768: 0f c8 01 15 00 02 20 c8 00 02 12 ad 02 00 24 06   ...... .......$.
+|   2784: c0 00 00 5a 03 00 00 01 24 00 2a 06 e4 00 00 00   ...Z....$.*.....
+|   2800: 03 00 00 01 25 00 38 07 0e 00 00 00 03 00 00 01   ....%.8.........
+|   2816: 26 00 34 07 46 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 27 00 1c 07   &.4.F.......'...
+|   2832: 7a 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 28 00 2a 07 96 00 00 00   z.......(.*.....
+|   2848: 03 00 e5 01 29 00 34 07 c0 00 00 00 03 00 00 01   ....).4.........
+|   2864: 2a 67 34 07 f4 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 2b 00 22 08   *g4.........+...
+|   2880: 28 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00   (...............
+|   2896: 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01   ................
+|   2912: 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 02 00   ................
+|   2928: 00 01 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   2992: 00 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   .H..............
+|   3504: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 97 00 00 00 00   ................
+|   3904: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 09   ................
+|   3920: 03 fe 00 00 01 36 00 3c 0a 38 00 00 00 03 00 00   .....6.<.8......
+|   3936: 01 37 00 20 0a 74 00 00 00 fb ff ff 00 38 00 2a   .7. .t.......8.*
+|   3952: 0a 94 00 00 00 03 00 00 01 39 4f 54 54 4f 00 0e   .........9OTTO..
+|   3968: 00 80 00 03 00 60 43 46 46 20 e3 ae 89 2a 00 00   .....`CFF ...*..
+|   3984: 02 b0 00 00 02 76 42 50 4f 53 00 15 00 0a 00 00   .....vBPOS......
+|   4000: 05 28 00 00 00 0c 54 53 55 42 c9 70 c3 06 00 00   .(....TSUB.p....
+|   4016: 05 34 1f 00 40 00 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   .4..@.H.........
+|   4064: 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 06   ................
+|   4080: 00 02 00 08 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00   ................
+| end x1.db
+}]} {}
+do_test 7.1 {
+  set R [sqlite3_recover_init db main test.db2]
+  catch { $R run }
+  list [catch { $R finish } msg] $msg
+} {1 {file is not a database}}
+
 finish_test
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c b/sqlite/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c
index 29fff0e7..c445c517 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c
@@ -2103,7 +2103,7 @@ static int recoverIsValidPage(u8 *aTmp, const u8 *a, int n){
     if( iFree>(n-4) ) return 0;
     iNext = recoverGetU16(&a[iFree]);
     nByte = recoverGetU16(&a[iFree+2]);
-    if( iFree+nByte>n ) return 0;
+    if( iFree+nByte>n || nByte<4 ) return 0;
     if( iNext && iNext<iFree+nByte ) return 0;
     memset(&aUsed[iFree], 0xFF, nByte);
     iFree = iNext;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/repair/checkindex.c b/sqlite/ext/repair/checkindex.c
index 080a5153..5f6e646e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/repair/checkindex.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/repair/checkindex.c
@@ -907,6 +907,8 @@ static int ciInit(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                            /* xSavepoint */
     0,                            /* xRelease */
     0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
+    0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0                             /* xIntegrity */
   };
   return sqlite3_create_module(db, "incremental_index_check", &cidx_module, 0);
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/geopoly.c b/sqlite/ext/rtree/geopoly.c
index 640cb86b..3e9c2a27 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/geopoly.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/geopoly.c
@@ -1252,24 +1252,28 @@ static int geopolyInit(
   (void)pAux;
 
   sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT, 1);
+  sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS);
 
   /* Allocate the sqlite3_vtab structure */
   nDb = strlen(argv[1]);
   nName = strlen(argv[2]);
-  pRtree = (Rtree *)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName+2);
+  pRtree = (Rtree *)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName*2+8);
   if( !pRtree ){
     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
   }
-  memset(pRtree, 0, sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName+2);
+  memset(pRtree, 0, sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName*2+8);
   pRtree->nBusy = 1;
   pRtree->base.pModule = &rtreeModule;
   pRtree->zDb = (char *)&pRtree[1];
   pRtree->zName = &pRtree->zDb[nDb+1];
+  pRtree->zNodeName = &pRtree->zName[nName+1];
   pRtree->eCoordType = RTREE_COORD_REAL32;
   pRtree->nDim = 2;
   pRtree->nDim2 = 4;
   memcpy(pRtree->zDb, argv[1], nDb);
   memcpy(pRtree->zName, argv[2], nName);
+  memcpy(pRtree->zNodeName, argv[2], nName);
+  memcpy(&pRtree->zNodeName[nName], "_node", 6);
 
 
   /* Create/Connect to the underlying relational database schema. If
@@ -1683,7 +1687,6 @@ static int geopolyUpdate(
     }
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       int rc2;
-      pRtree->iReinsertHeight = -1;
       rc = rtreeInsertCell(pRtree, pLeaf, &cell, 0);
       rc2 = nodeRelease(pRtree, pLeaf);
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -1780,7 +1783,8 @@ static sqlite3_module geopolyModule = {
   rtreeSavepoint,             /* xSavepoint */
   0,                          /* xRelease */
   0,                          /* xRollbackTo */
-  rtreeShadowName             /* xShadowName */
+  rtreeShadowName,            /* xShadowName */
+  rtreeIntegrity              /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 static int sqlite3_geopoly_init(sqlite3 *db){
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree.c b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree.c
index da5e2a97..1705abd5 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree.c
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ typedef unsigned int u32;
 #endif
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_AMALGAMATION) */
 
+/* Macro to check for 4-byte alignment.  Only used inside of assert() */
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+# define FOUR_BYTE_ALIGNED(X)  ((((char*)(X) - (char*)0) & 3)==0)
+#endif
+
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <assert.h>
@@ -161,6 +166,7 @@ struct Rtree {
   int iDepth;                 /* Current depth of the r-tree structure */
   char *zDb;                  /* Name of database containing r-tree table */
   char *zName;                /* Name of r-tree table */ 
+  char *zNodeName;            /* Name of the %_node table */
   u32 nBusy;                  /* Current number of users of this structure */
   i64 nRowEst;                /* Estimated number of rows in this table */
   u32 nCursor;                /* Number of open cursors */
@@ -173,7 +179,6 @@ struct Rtree {
   ** headed by the node (leaf nodes have RtreeNode.iNode==0).
   */
   RtreeNode *pDeleted;
-  int iReinsertHeight;        /* Height of sub-trees Reinsert() has run on */
 
   /* Blob I/O on xxx_node */
   sqlite3_blob *pNodeBlob;
@@ -195,7 +200,7 @@ struct Rtree {
   /* Statement for writing to the "aux:" fields, if there are any */
   sqlite3_stmt *pWriteAux;
 
-  RtreeNode *aHash[HASHSIZE]; /* Hash table of in-memory nodes. */ 
+  RtreeNode *aHash[HASHSIZE]; /* Hash table of in-memory nodes. */
 };
 
 /* Possible values for Rtree.eCoordType: */
@@ -470,15 +475,20 @@ struct RtreeMatchArg {
 ** -DSQLITE_RUNTIME_BYTEORDER=1 is set, then byte-order is determined
 ** at run-time.
 */
-#ifndef SQLITE_BYTEORDER
-# if defined(i386)      || defined(__i386__)      || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
+#ifndef SQLITE_BYTEORDER /* Replicate changes at tag-20230904a */
+# if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && __BYTE_ORDER__==__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 4321
+# elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && __BYTE_ORDER__==__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 1234
+# elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__) && __BIG_ENDIAN__==1
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 4321
+# elif defined(i386)    || defined(__i386__)      || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
      defined(__x86_64)  || defined(__x86_64__)    || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
      defined(_M_AMD64)  || defined(_M_ARM)        || defined(__x86)   ||    \
      defined(__ARMEL__) || defined(__AARCH64EL__) || defined(_M_ARM64)
-#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    1234
-# elif defined(sparc)     || defined(__ppc__) || \
-       defined(__ARMEB__) || defined(__AARCH64EB__)
-#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    4321
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 1234
+# elif defined(sparc)   || defined(__ARMEB__)     || defined(__AARCH64EB__)
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 4321
 # else
 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 0
 # endif
@@ -502,7 +512,7 @@ static int readInt16(u8 *p){
   return (p[0]<<8) + p[1];
 }
 static void readCoord(u8 *p, RtreeCoord *pCoord){
-  assert( (((sqlite3_uint64)p)&3)==0 );  /* p is always 4-byte aligned */
+  assert( FOUR_BYTE_ALIGNED(p) );
 #if SQLITE_BYTEORDER==1234 && MSVC_VERSION>=1300
   pCoord->u = _byteswap_ulong(*(u32*)p);
 #elif SQLITE_BYTEORDER==1234 && GCC_VERSION>=4003000
@@ -556,7 +566,7 @@ static void writeInt16(u8 *p, int i){
 }
 static int writeCoord(u8 *p, RtreeCoord *pCoord){
   u32 i;
-  assert( (((sqlite3_uint64)p)&3)==0 );  /* p is always 4-byte aligned */
+  assert( FOUR_BYTE_ALIGNED(p) );
   assert( sizeof(RtreeCoord)==4 );
   assert( sizeof(u32)==4 );
 #if SQLITE_BYTEORDER==1234 && GCC_VERSION>=4003000
@@ -727,11 +737,9 @@ static int nodeAcquire(
     }
   }
   if( pRtree->pNodeBlob==0 ){
-    char *zTab = sqlite3_mprintf("%s_node", pRtree->zName);
-    if( zTab==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
-    rc = sqlite3_blob_open(pRtree->db, pRtree->zDb, zTab, "data", iNode, 0,
+    rc = sqlite3_blob_open(pRtree->db, pRtree->zDb, pRtree->zNodeName,
+                           "data", iNode, 0,
                            &pRtree->pNodeBlob);
-    sqlite3_free(zTab);
   }
   if( rc ){
     nodeBlobReset(pRtree);
@@ -1284,7 +1292,7 @@ static void rtreeNonleafConstraint(
   assert(p->op==RTREE_LE || p->op==RTREE_LT || p->op==RTREE_GE 
       || p->op==RTREE_GT || p->op==RTREE_EQ || p->op==RTREE_TRUE
       || p->op==RTREE_FALSE );
-  assert( (((sqlite3_uint64)pCellData)&3)==0 );  /* 4-byte aligned */
+  assert( FOUR_BYTE_ALIGNED(pCellData) );
   switch( p->op ){
     case RTREE_TRUE:  return;   /* Always satisfied */
     case RTREE_FALSE: break;    /* Never satisfied */
@@ -1337,7 +1345,7 @@ static void rtreeLeafConstraint(
       || p->op==RTREE_GT || p->op==RTREE_EQ || p->op==RTREE_TRUE
       || p->op==RTREE_FALSE );
   pCellData += 8 + p->iCoord*4;
-  assert( (((sqlite3_uint64)pCellData)&3)==0 );  /* 4-byte aligned */
+  assert( FOUR_BYTE_ALIGNED(pCellData) );
   RTREE_DECODE_COORD(eInt, pCellData, xN);
   switch( p->op ){
     case RTREE_TRUE:  return;   /* Always satisfied */
@@ -1907,7 +1915,20 @@ static int rtreeFilter(
             p->pInfo->nCoord = pRtree->nDim2;
             p->pInfo->anQueue = pCsr->anQueue;
             p->pInfo->mxLevel = pRtree->iDepth + 1;
-          }else if( eType==SQLITE_INTEGER || eType==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
+          }else if( eType==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+            sqlite3_int64 iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[ii]);
+#ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
+            p->u.rValue = iVal;
+#else
+            p->u.rValue = (double)iVal;
+            if( iVal>=((sqlite3_int64)1)<<48
+             || iVal<=-(((sqlite3_int64)1)<<48)
+            ){
+              if( p->op==RTREE_LT ) p->op = RTREE_LE;
+              if( p->op==RTREE_GT ) p->op = RTREE_GE;
+            }
+#endif
+          }else if( eType==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
             p->u.rValue = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[ii]);
 #else
@@ -2038,11 +2059,12 @@ static int rtreeBestIndex(sqlite3_vtab *tab, sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo){
         || p->op==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH)
     ){
       u8 op;
+      u8 doOmit = 1;
       switch( p->op ){
-        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:    op = RTREE_EQ;    break;
-        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT:    op = RTREE_GT;    break;
+        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:    op = RTREE_EQ;    doOmit = 0; break;
+        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT:    op = RTREE_GT;    doOmit = 0; break;
         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE:    op = RTREE_LE;    break;
-        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT:    op = RTREE_LT;    break;
+        case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT:    op = RTREE_LT;    doOmit = 0; break;
         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE:    op = RTREE_GE;    break;
         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH: op = RTREE_MATCH; break;
         default:                            op = 0;           break;
@@ -2051,15 +2073,19 @@ static int rtreeBestIndex(sqlite3_vtab *tab, sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo){
         zIdxStr[iIdx++] = op;
         zIdxStr[iIdx++] = (char)(p->iColumn - 1 + '0');
         pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ii].argvIndex = (iIdx/2);
-        pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ii].omit = 1;
+        pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ii].omit = doOmit;
       }
     }
   }
 
   pIdxInfo->idxNum = 2;
   pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr = 1;
-  if( iIdx>0 && 0==(pIdxInfo->idxStr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zIdxStr)) ){
-    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+  if( iIdx>0 ){
+    pIdxInfo->idxStr = sqlite3_malloc( iIdx+1 );
+    if( pIdxInfo->idxStr==0 ){
+      return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+    memcpy(pIdxInfo->idxStr, zIdxStr, iIdx+1);
   }
 
   nRow = pRtree->nRowEst >> (iIdx/2);
@@ -2138,31 +2164,22 @@ static void cellUnion(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeCell *p1, RtreeCell *p2){
 */
 static int cellContains(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeCell *p1, RtreeCell *p2){
   int ii;
-  int isInt = (pRtree->eCoordType==RTREE_COORD_INT32);
-  for(ii=0; ii<pRtree->nDim2; ii+=2){
-    RtreeCoord *a1 = &p1->aCoord[ii];
-    RtreeCoord *a2 = &p2->aCoord[ii];
-    if( (!isInt && (a2[0].f<a1[0].f || a2[1].f>a1[1].f)) 
-     || ( isInt && (a2[0].i<a1[0].i || a2[1].i>a1[1].i)) 
-    ){
-      return 0;
+  if( pRtree->eCoordType==RTREE_COORD_INT32 ){
+    for(ii=0; ii<pRtree->nDim2; ii+=2){
+      RtreeCoord *a1 = &p1->aCoord[ii];
+      RtreeCoord *a2 = &p2->aCoord[ii];
+      if( a2[0].i<a1[0].i || a2[1].i>a1[1].i ) return 0;
+    }
+  }else{
+    for(ii=0; ii<pRtree->nDim2; ii+=2){
+      RtreeCoord *a1 = &p1->aCoord[ii];
+      RtreeCoord *a2 = &p2->aCoord[ii];
+      if( a2[0].f<a1[0].f || a2[1].f>a1[1].f ) return 0;
     }
   }
   return 1;
 }
 
-/*
-** Return the amount cell p would grow by if it were unioned with pCell.
-*/
-static RtreeDValue cellGrowth(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeCell *p, RtreeCell *pCell){
-  RtreeDValue area;
-  RtreeCell cell;
-  memcpy(&cell, p, sizeof(RtreeCell));
-  area = cellArea(pRtree, &cell);
-  cellUnion(pRtree, &cell, pCell);
-  return (cellArea(pRtree, &cell)-area);
-}
-
 static RtreeDValue cellOverlap(
   Rtree *pRtree, 
   RtreeCell *p, 
@@ -2209,38 +2226,52 @@ static int ChooseLeaf(
   for(ii=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<(pRtree->iDepth-iHeight); ii++){
     int iCell;
     sqlite3_int64 iBest = 0;
-
+    int bFound = 0;
     RtreeDValue fMinGrowth = RTREE_ZERO;
     RtreeDValue fMinArea = RTREE_ZERO;
-
     int nCell = NCELL(pNode);
-    RtreeCell cell;
     RtreeNode *pChild = 0;
 
-    RtreeCell *aCell = 0;
-
-    /* Select the child node which will be enlarged the least if pCell
-    ** is inserted into it. Resolve ties by choosing the entry with
-    ** the smallest area.
+    /* First check to see if there is are any cells in pNode that completely
+    ** contains pCell.  If two or more cells in pNode completely contain pCell
+    ** then pick the smallest.
     */
     for(iCell=0; iCell<nCell; iCell++){
-      int bBest = 0;
-      RtreeDValue growth;
-      RtreeDValue area;
+      RtreeCell cell;
       nodeGetCell(pRtree, pNode, iCell, &cell);
-      growth = cellGrowth(pRtree, &cell, pCell);
-      area = cellArea(pRtree, &cell);
-      if( iCell==0||growth<fMinGrowth||(growth==fMinGrowth && area<fMinArea) ){
-        bBest = 1;
+      if( cellContains(pRtree, &cell, pCell) ){
+        RtreeDValue area = cellArea(pRtree, &cell);
+        if( bFound==0 || area<fMinArea ){
+          iBest = cell.iRowid;
+          fMinArea = area;
+          bFound = 1;
+        }
       }
-      if( bBest ){
-        fMinGrowth = growth;
-        fMinArea = area;
-        iBest = cell.iRowid;
+    }
+    if( !bFound ){
+      /* No cells of pNode will completely contain pCell.  So pick the
+      ** cell of pNode that grows by the least amount when pCell is added.
+      ** Break ties by selecting the smaller cell.
+      */
+      for(iCell=0; iCell<nCell; iCell++){
+        RtreeCell cell;
+        RtreeDValue growth;
+        RtreeDValue area;
+        nodeGetCell(pRtree, pNode, iCell, &cell);
+        area = cellArea(pRtree, &cell);
+        cellUnion(pRtree, &cell, pCell);
+        growth = cellArea(pRtree, &cell)-area;
+        if( iCell==0
+         || growth<fMinGrowth
+         || (growth==fMinGrowth && area<fMinArea)
+        ){
+          fMinGrowth = growth;
+          fMinArea = area;
+          iBest = cell.iRowid;
+        }
       }
     }
 
-    sqlite3_free(aCell);
     rc = nodeAcquire(pRtree, iBest, pNode, &pChild);
     nodeRelease(pRtree, pNode);
     pNode = pChild;
@@ -2313,77 +2344,6 @@ static int parentWrite(Rtree *pRtree, sqlite3_int64 iNode, sqlite3_int64 iPar){
 static int rtreeInsertCell(Rtree *, RtreeNode *, RtreeCell *, int);
 
 
-/*
-** Arguments aIdx, aDistance and aSpare all point to arrays of size
-** nIdx. The aIdx array contains the set of integers from 0 to 
-** (nIdx-1) in no particular order. This function sorts the values
-** in aIdx according to the indexed values in aDistance. For
-** example, assuming the inputs:
-**
-**   aIdx      = { 0,   1,   2,   3 }
-**   aDistance = { 5.0, 2.0, 7.0, 6.0 }
-**
-** this function sets the aIdx array to contain:
-**
-**   aIdx      = { 0,   1,   2,   3 }
-**
-** The aSpare array is used as temporary working space by the
-** sorting algorithm.
-*/
-static void SortByDistance(
-  int *aIdx, 
-  int nIdx, 
-  RtreeDValue *aDistance, 
-  int *aSpare
-){
-  if( nIdx>1 ){
-    int iLeft = 0;
-    int iRight = 0;
-
-    int nLeft = nIdx/2;
-    int nRight = nIdx-nLeft;
-    int *aLeft = aIdx;
-    int *aRight = &aIdx[nLeft];
-
-    SortByDistance(aLeft, nLeft, aDistance, aSpare);
-    SortByDistance(aRight, nRight, aDistance, aSpare);
-
-    memcpy(aSpare, aLeft, sizeof(int)*nLeft);
-    aLeft = aSpare;
-
-    while( iLeft<nLeft || iRight<nRight ){
-      if( iLeft==nLeft ){
-        aIdx[iLeft+iRight] = aRight[iRight];
-        iRight++;
-      }else if( iRight==nRight ){
-        aIdx[iLeft+iRight] = aLeft[iLeft];
-        iLeft++;
-      }else{
-        RtreeDValue fLeft = aDistance[aLeft[iLeft]];
-        RtreeDValue fRight = aDistance[aRight[iRight]];
-        if( fLeft<fRight ){
-          aIdx[iLeft+iRight] = aLeft[iLeft];
-          iLeft++;
-        }else{
-          aIdx[iLeft+iRight] = aRight[iRight];
-          iRight++;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-#if 0
-    /* Check that the sort worked */
-    {
-      int jj;
-      for(jj=1; jj<nIdx; jj++){
-        RtreeDValue left = aDistance[aIdx[jj-1]];
-        RtreeDValue right = aDistance[aIdx[jj]];
-        assert( left<=right );
-      }
-    }
-#endif
-  }
-}
 
 /*
 ** Arguments aIdx, aCell and aSpare all point to arrays of size
@@ -2867,108 +2827,7 @@ static int deleteCell(Rtree *pRtree, RtreeNode *pNode, int iCell, int iHeight){
 
   return rc;
 }
-
-static int Reinsert(
-  Rtree *pRtree, 
-  RtreeNode *pNode, 
-  RtreeCell *pCell, 
-  int iHeight
-){
-  int *aOrder;
-  int *aSpare;
-  RtreeCell *aCell;
-  RtreeDValue *aDistance;
-  int nCell;
-  RtreeDValue aCenterCoord[RTREE_MAX_DIMENSIONS];
-  int iDim;
-  int ii;
-  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
-  int n;
-
-  memset(aCenterCoord, 0, sizeof(RtreeDValue)*RTREE_MAX_DIMENSIONS);
-
-  nCell = NCELL(pNode)+1;
-  n = (nCell+1)&(~1);
-
-  /* Allocate the buffers used by this operation. The allocation is
-  ** relinquished before this function returns.
-  */
-  aCell = (RtreeCell *)sqlite3_malloc64(n * (
-    sizeof(RtreeCell)     +         /* aCell array */
-    sizeof(int)           +         /* aOrder array */
-    sizeof(int)           +         /* aSpare array */
-    sizeof(RtreeDValue)             /* aDistance array */
-  ));
-  if( !aCell ){
-    return SQLITE_NOMEM;
-  }
-  aOrder    = (int *)&aCell[n];
-  aSpare    = (int *)&aOrder[n];
-  aDistance = (RtreeDValue *)&aSpare[n];
-
-  for(ii=0; ii<nCell; ii++){
-    if( ii==(nCell-1) ){
-      memcpy(&aCell[ii], pCell, sizeof(RtreeCell));
-    }else{
-      nodeGetCell(pRtree, pNode, ii, &aCell[ii]);
-    }
-    aOrder[ii] = ii;
-    for(iDim=0; iDim<pRtree->nDim; iDim++){
-      aCenterCoord[iDim] += DCOORD(aCell[ii].aCoord[iDim*2]);
-      aCenterCoord[iDim] += DCOORD(aCell[ii].aCoord[iDim*2+1]);
-    }
-  }
-  for(iDim=0; iDim<pRtree->nDim; iDim++){
-    aCenterCoord[iDim] = (aCenterCoord[iDim]/(nCell*(RtreeDValue)2));
-  }
-
-  for(ii=0; ii<nCell; ii++){
-    aDistance[ii] = RTREE_ZERO;
-    for(iDim=0; iDim<pRtree->nDim; iDim++){
-      RtreeDValue coord = (DCOORD(aCell[ii].aCoord[iDim*2+1]) - 
-                               DCOORD(aCell[ii].aCoord[iDim*2]));
-      aDistance[ii] += (coord-aCenterCoord[iDim])*(coord-aCenterCoord[iDim]);
-    }
-  }
-
-  SortByDistance(aOrder, nCell, aDistance, aSpare);
-  nodeZero(pRtree, pNode);
-
-  for(ii=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<(nCell-(RTREE_MINCELLS(pRtree)+1)); ii++){
-    RtreeCell *p = &aCell[aOrder[ii]];
-    nodeInsertCell(pRtree, pNode, p);
-    if( p->iRowid==pCell->iRowid ){
-      if( iHeight==0 ){
-        rc = rowidWrite(pRtree, p->iRowid, pNode->iNode);
-      }else{
-        rc = parentWrite(pRtree, p->iRowid, pNode->iNode);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    rc = fixBoundingBox(pRtree, pNode);
-  }
-  for(; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<nCell; ii++){
-    /* Find a node to store this cell in. pNode->iNode currently contains
-    ** the height of the sub-tree headed by the cell.
-    */
-    RtreeNode *pInsert;
-    RtreeCell *p = &aCell[aOrder[ii]];
-    rc = ChooseLeaf(pRtree, p, iHeight, &pInsert);
-    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-      int rc2;
-      rc = rtreeInsertCell(pRtree, pInsert, p, iHeight);
-      rc2 = nodeRelease(pRtree, pInsert);
-      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-        rc = rc2;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  sqlite3_free(aCell);
-  return rc;
-}
-
+	
 /*
 ** Insert cell pCell into node pNode. Node pNode is the head of a 
 ** subtree iHeight high (leaf nodes have iHeight==0).
@@ -2989,12 +2848,7 @@ static int rtreeInsertCell(
     }
   }
   if( nodeInsertCell(pRtree, pNode, pCell) ){
-    if( iHeight<=pRtree->iReinsertHeight || pNode->iNode==1){
-      rc = SplitNode(pRtree, pNode, pCell, iHeight);
-    }else{
-      pRtree->iReinsertHeight = iHeight;
-      rc = Reinsert(pRtree, pNode, pCell, iHeight);
-    }
+    rc = SplitNode(pRtree, pNode, pCell, iHeight);
   }else{
     rc = AdjustTree(pRtree, pNode, pCell);
     if( ALWAYS(rc==SQLITE_OK) ){
@@ -3337,7 +3191,6 @@ static int rtreeUpdate(
     }
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       int rc2;
-      pRtree->iReinsertHeight = -1;
       rc = rtreeInsertCell(pRtree, pLeaf, &cell, 0);
       rc2 = nodeRelease(pRtree, pLeaf);
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -3478,8 +3331,11 @@ static int rtreeShadowName(const char *zName){
   return 0;
 }
 
+/* Forward declaration */
+static int rtreeIntegrity(sqlite3_vtab*, const char*, const char*, int, char**);
+
 static sqlite3_module rtreeModule = {
-  3,                          /* iVersion */
+  4,                          /* iVersion */
   rtreeCreate,                /* xCreate - create a table */
   rtreeConnect,               /* xConnect - connect to an existing table */
   rtreeBestIndex,             /* xBestIndex - Determine search strategy */
@@ -3502,7 +3358,8 @@ static sqlite3_module rtreeModule = {
   rtreeSavepoint,             /* xSavepoint */
   0,                          /* xRelease */
   0,                          /* xRollbackTo */
-  rtreeShadowName             /* xShadowName */
+  rtreeShadowName,            /* xShadowName */
+  rtreeIntegrity              /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 static int rtreeSqlInit(
@@ -3758,22 +3615,27 @@ static int rtreeInit(
   }
 
   sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT, 1);
+  sqlite3_vtab_config(db, SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS);
+
 
   /* Allocate the sqlite3_vtab structure */
   nDb = (int)strlen(argv[1]);
   nName = (int)strlen(argv[2]);
-  pRtree = (Rtree *)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName+2);
+  pRtree = (Rtree *)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName*2+8);
   if( !pRtree ){
     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
   }
-  memset(pRtree, 0, sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName+2);
+  memset(pRtree, 0, sizeof(Rtree)+nDb+nName*2+8);
   pRtree->nBusy = 1;
   pRtree->base.pModule = &rtreeModule;
   pRtree->zDb = (char *)&pRtree[1];
   pRtree->zName = &pRtree->zDb[nDb+1];
+  pRtree->zNodeName = &pRtree->zName[nName+1];
   pRtree->eCoordType = (u8)eCoordType;
   memcpy(pRtree->zDb, argv[1], nDb);
   memcpy(pRtree->zName, argv[2], nName);
+  memcpy(pRtree->zNodeName, argv[2], nName);
+  memcpy(&pRtree->zNodeName[nName], "_node", 6);
 
 
   /* Create/Connect to the underlying relational database schema. If
@@ -4270,7 +4132,6 @@ static int rtreeCheckTable(
 ){
   RtreeCheck check;               /* Common context for various routines */
   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;        /* Used to find column count of rtree table */
-  int bEnd = 0;                   /* True if transaction should be closed */
   int nAux = 0;                   /* Number of extra columns. */
 
   /* Initialize the context object */
@@ -4279,14 +4140,6 @@ static int rtreeCheckTable(
   check.zDb = zDb;
   check.zTab = zTab;
 
-  /* If there is not already an open transaction, open one now. This is
-  ** to ensure that the queries run as part of this integrity-check operate
-  ** on a consistent snapshot.  */
-  if( sqlite3_get_autocommit(db) ){
-    check.rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "BEGIN", 0, 0, 0);
-    bEnd = 1;
-  }
-
   /* Find the number of auxiliary columns */
   if( check.rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     pStmt = rtreeCheckPrepare(&check, "SELECT * FROM %Q.'%q_rowid'", zDb, zTab);
@@ -4327,15 +4180,34 @@ static int rtreeCheckTable(
   sqlite3_finalize(check.aCheckMapping[0]);
   sqlite3_finalize(check.aCheckMapping[1]);
 
-  /* If one was opened, close the transaction */
-  if( bEnd ){
-    int rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "END", 0, 0, 0);
-    if( check.rc==SQLITE_OK ) check.rc = rc;
-  }
   *pzReport = check.zReport;
   return check.rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** Implementation of the xIntegrity method for Rtree.
+*/
+static int rtreeIntegrity(
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab,   /* The virtual table to check */
+  const char *zSchema,   /* Schema in which the virtual table lives */
+  const char *zName,     /* Name of the virtual table */
+  int isQuick,           /* True for a quick_check */
+  char **pzErr           /* Write results here */
+){
+  Rtree *pRtree = (Rtree*)pVtab;
+  int rc;
+  assert( pzErr!=0 && *pzErr==0 );
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(zSchema);
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(zName);
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(isQuick);
+  rc = rtreeCheckTable(pRtree->db, pRtree->zDb, pRtree->zName, pzErr);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && *pzErr ){
+    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("In RTree %s.%s:\n%z",
+                 pRtree->zDb, pRtree->zName, *pzErr);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Usage:
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree1.test b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree1.test
index 03415534..61664e15 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree1.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree1.test
@@ -756,4 +756,45 @@ do_execsql_test 20.4 {
   SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t0 ON true RIGHT JOIN rt0 ON x0>a WHERE x0 = 0;
 } {- - 0 0.0 0.0}
 
+# 2023-05-19 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/da61c4a1b5b4af19
+# Do not omit constraints that involve equality comparisons of
+# floating-point values.
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 21.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING rtree(id, x0, x1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0, 1, 9223372036854775807);
+  SELECT count(*) FROM t1 WHERE x1=9223372036854775807;
+} {0}
+do_execsql_test 21.1 {
+ SELECT x1=9223372036854775807 FROM t1;
+} {0}
+
+# 2023-05-22 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/da70ee0d0d
+# Round-off error associated with using large integer constraints on
+# a rtree search.
+#
+if {$tcl_platform(machine)!="i686" || $tcl_platform(os)!="Linux"} {
+  reset_db
+  do_execsql_test 22.0 {
+    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING rtree ( id, x0, x1 );  
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (123, 9223372036854775799, 9223372036854775800);
+    SELECT id FROM t1 WHERE x0 > 9223372036854775807;
+  } {123}
+  do_execsql_test 22.1 {
+    SELECT id, x0 > 9223372036854775807 AS 'a0' FROM t1;
+  } {123 1}
+}
+
+# 2023-10-14 dbsqlfuzz --sql-fuzz find.  rtreecheck() should not call
+# BEGIN/COMMIT because that causes problems with statement transactions,
+# and it is unnecessary.
+#
+reset_db
+do_test 23.0 {
+  db eval {CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c);}
+  catch {db eval {CREATE TABLE t2 AS SELECT rtreecheck('t1') AS y;}}
+  db eval {PRAGMA integrity_check;}
+} {ok}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree8.test b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree8.test
index 12e75a68..51bd4041 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree8.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree8.test
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ do_test rtree8-1.2.2 { nested_select 1 } {51}
 #
 populate_t1 1500
 do_rtree_integrity_test rtree8-1.3.0 t1
-do_execsql_test rtree8-1.3.1 { SELECT max(nodeno) FROM t1_node } {164}
+do_execsql_test rtree8-1.3.1 { SELECT max(nodeno) FROM t1_node } {183}
 do_test rtree8-1.3.2 {
   set rowids [execsql {SELECT min(rowid) FROM t1_rowid GROUP BY nodeno}]
   set stmt_list [list]
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreeA.test b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreeA.test
index 301cd4fc..0b52070c 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreeA.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreeA.test
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ do_execsql_test rtreeA-1.1.1 {
   SELECT rtreecheck('main', 't1')
 } {{Node 1 missing from database
 Wrong number of entries in %_rowid table - expected 0, actual 500
-Wrong number of entries in %_parent table - expected 0, actual 23}}
+Wrong number of entries in %_parent table - expected 0, actual 25}}
 
 do_execsql_test  rtreeA-1.2.0 { DROP TABLE t1_node } {}
 do_corruption_tests rtreeA-1.2 -error "database disk image is malformed" {
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ do_execsql_test rtreeA-3.3.3.4 {
   SELECT rtreecheck('main', 't1')
 } {{Rtree depth out of range (65535)
 Wrong number of entries in %_rowid table - expected 0, actual 499
-Wrong number of entries in %_parent table - expected 0, actual 23}}
+Wrong number of entries in %_parent table - expected 0, actual 25}}
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Set the "number of entries" field on some nodes incorrectly.
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree_util.tcl b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree_util.tcl
index afa588e4..5640baf4 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree_util.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtree_util.tcl
@@ -192,6 +192,6 @@ proc rtree_treedump {db zTab} {
 }
 
 proc do_rtree_integrity_test {tn tbl} {
-  uplevel [list do_execsql_test $tn "SELECT rtreecheck('$tbl')" ok]
+  uplevel [list do_execsql_test $tn.1 "SELECT rtreecheck('$tbl')" ok]
+  uplevel [list do_execsql_test $tn.2 "PRAGMA integrity_check" ok]
 }
-
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreecheck.test b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreecheck.test
index ff5397e1..7a98f9bf 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreecheck.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreecheck.test
@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ do_execsql_test 2.3 {
   SELECT rtreecheck('r1') 
 } {{Dimension 0 of cell 0 on node 1 is corrupt
 Dimension 1 of cell 3 on node 1 is corrupt}}
+do_execsql_test 2.3b { 
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {{In RTree main.r1:
+Dimension 0 of cell 0 on node 1 is corrupt
+Dimension 1 of cell 3 on node 1 is corrupt}}
 
 setup_simple_db
 do_execsql_test 2.4 {
@@ -85,12 +90,21 @@ do_execsql_test 2.4 {
   SELECT rtreecheck('r1') 
 } {{Mapping (3 -> 1) missing from %_rowid table
 Wrong number of entries in %_rowid table - expected 5, actual 4}}
+do_execsql_test 2.4b {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check
+} {{In RTree main.r1:
+Mapping (3 -> 1) missing from %_rowid table
+Wrong number of entries in %_rowid table - expected 5, actual 4}}
 
 setup_simple_db
 do_execsql_test 2.5 {
   UPDATE r1_rowid SET nodeno=2 WHERE rowid=3;
   SELECT rtreecheck('r1') 
 } {{Found (3 -> 2) in %_rowid table, expected (3 -> 1)}}
+do_execsql_test 2.5b {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check
+} {{In RTree main.r1:
+Found (3 -> 2) in %_rowid table, expected (3 -> 1)}}
 
 reset_db
 do_execsql_test 3.0 { 
@@ -104,14 +118,16 @@ do_execsql_test 3.0 {
   INSERT INTO r1 VALUES(7, 5, 0x00000080);
   INSERT INTO r1 VALUES(8, 5, 0x40490fdb);
   INSERT INTO r1 VALUES(9, 0x7f800000, 0x7f900000);
-  SELECT rtreecheck('r1') 
-} {ok}
+  SELECT rtreecheck('r1');
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok ok}
 
 do_execsql_test 3.1 { 
   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE r2 USING rtree_i32(id, x1, x2);
   INSERT INTO r2 VALUES(2, -1*(1<<31), -1*(1<<31)+5);
-  SELECT rtreecheck('r2') 
-} {ok}
+  SELECT rtreecheck('r2');
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok ok}
 
 sqlite3_db_config db DEFENSIVE 0
 do_execsql_test 3.2 {
@@ -125,6 +141,11 @@ do_execsql_test 3.3 {
   UPDATE r2_node SET data = X'00001234';
   SELECT rtreecheck('r2')!='ok';
 } {1}
+do_execsql_test 3.4 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {{In RTree main.r2:
+Node 1 is too small for cell count of 4660 (4 bytes)
+Wrong number of entries in %_rowid table - expected 0, actual 1}}
 
 do_execsql_test 4.0 {
   CREATE TABLE notanrtree(i);
@@ -181,4 +202,3 @@ if {[permutation]=="inmemory_journal"} {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreedoc.test b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreedoc.test
index b64faa2e..4e610db8 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreedoc.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreedoc.test
@@ -601,11 +601,21 @@ do_execsql_test 2.5.2 {
   SELECT A.id FROM demo_index AS A, demo_index AS B
     WHERE A.maxX>=B.minX AND A.minX<=B.maxX
     AND A.maxY>=B.minY AND A.minY<=B.maxY
-    AND B.id=28269;
+    AND B.id=28269 ORDER BY +A.id;
 } {
-  28293 28216 28322 28286 28269 
-  28215 28336 28262 28291 28320 
-  28313 28298 28287
+  28215
+  28216
+  28262
+  28269
+  28286
+  28287
+  28291
+  28293
+  28298
+  28313
+  28320
+  28322
+  28336
 }
 
 # EVIDENCE-OF: R-02723-34107 Note that it is not necessary for all
@@ -1575,7 +1585,7 @@ execsql BEGIN
 do_test 3.6 {
   execsql { INSERT INTO rt2_parent VALUES(1000, 1000) }
   execsql { SELECT rtreecheck('rt2') }
-} {{Wrong number of entries in %_parent table - expected 9, actual 10}}
+} {{Wrong number of entries in %_parent table - expected 10, actual 11}}
 execsql ROLLBACK
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreefuzz001.test b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreefuzz001.test
index 58fd179a..c81c41da 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreefuzz001.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/rtree/rtreefuzz001.test
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ do_test rtreefuzz001-500 {
 | end crash-2e81f5dce5cbd4.db}]
   execsql { PRAGMA writable_schema = 1;}
   catchsql {UPDATE t1 SET ex= ex ISNULL}
-} {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+} {0 {}}
 
 do_test rtreefuzz001-600 {
   sqlite3 db {}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/session3.test b/sqlite/ext/session/session3.test
index ba316348..ee955f13 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/session/session3.test
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/session3.test
@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ do_test 2.2.2 {
     DROP TABLE t2;
     CREATE TABLE t2(a, b PRIMARY KEY, c, d);
   }
-  list [catch { S changeset } msg] $msg
-} {1 SQLITE_SCHEMA}
+  catch { S changeset } 
+} {0}
 do_test 2.2.3 {
   S delete
   sqlite3session S db main
@@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ do_test 2.2.4 {
     CREATE TABLE t2(a, b PRIMARY KEY, c, d);
     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(4, 5, 6, 7);
   }
-  list [catch { S changeset } msg] $msg
-} {1 SQLITE_SCHEMA}
+  catch { S changeset }
+} {0}
 
 do_test 2.3 {
   S delete
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/sessionalter.test b/sqlite/ext/session/sessionalter.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34424cf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/sessionalter.test
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+# 2023 October 02
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# This file implements that the sessions module interacts well with
+# the ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN command.
+#
+
+if {![info exists testdir]} {
+  set testdir [file join [file dirname [info script]] .. .. test]
+} 
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] session_common.tcl]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+ifcapable !session {finish_test; return}
+set testprefix sessionalter
+
+
+forcedelete test.db2
+sqlite3 db2 test.db2
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test -db db2 1.1 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c DEFAULT 1234);
+}
+
+do_then_apply_sql {
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test -db db2 1.2 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1
+} {
+  1 one 1234
+  2 two 1234
+}
+
+do_then_apply_sql {
+  UPDATE t1 SET b='four' WHERE a=2;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test -db db2 1.3 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1
+} {
+  1 one 1234
+  2 four 1234
+}
+
+do_then_apply_sql {
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a=1;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test -db db2 1.4 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1
+} {
+  2 four 1234
+}
+
+db2 close
+
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
+}
+
+do_test 2.1 {
+  sqlite3session S db main
+  S attach t1
+  set {} {}
+} {} 
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN c DEFAULT 'abcd';
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 3, 4);
+}
+do_changeset_test 2.3 S {
+  {INSERT t1 0 X.. {} {i 1 i 2 t abcd}} 
+  {INSERT t1 0 X.. {} {i 2 i 3 i 4}}
+}
+
+do_iterator_test 2.4 {} {
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a=2;
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT 'abcd';
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN e DEFAULT 5;
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN f DEFAULT 7.2;
+  -- INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(9, 9, 9, 9);
+} {
+  {DELETE t1 0 X..... {i 2 i 3 i 4 t abcd i 5 f 7.2} {}}
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Tests of the sqlite3changegroup_xxx() APIs.
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);
+  CREATE TABLE t2(x PRIMARY KEY, y);
+  CREATE TABLE t3(x, y);
+  CREATE TABLE t4(y PRIMARY KEY, x) WITHOUT ROWID;
+
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6);
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('one', 'two'), ('three', 'four'), ('five', 'six');
+  INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6);
+
+  INSERT INTO t4(x, y) VALUES(1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6);
+}
+
+db_save_and_close
+foreach {tn sql1 at sql2} {
+  1 {
+    INSERT INTO t1(x, y) VALUES(7, 8);
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN z DEFAULT 10;
+  } {
+    UPDATE t1 SET y=11 WHERE x=7;
+  }
+
+  2 {
+    UPDATE t2 SET y='two.two' WHERE x='one';
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE x='five';
+    INSERT INTO t2(x, y) VALUES('seven', 'eight');
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN z;
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN zz;
+  } {
+  }
+
+  3 {
+    DELETE FROM t2 WHERE x='five';
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN z DEFAULT 'xyz';
+  } {
+  }
+
+  4 {
+    UPDATE t2 SET y='two.two' WHERE x='three';
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN z;
+  } {
+    UPDATE t2 SET z='abc' WHERE x='one';
+  }
+
+  5* {
+    UPDATE t2 SET y='two.two' WHERE x='three';
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN z DEFAULT 'defu1';
+  } {
+  }
+
+  6* {
+    INSERT INTO t2(x, y) VALUES('nine', 'ten');
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN z;
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN a DEFAULT 'eelve';
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN b DEFAULT x'1234abcd';
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN c DEFAULT 4.2;
+    ALTER TABLE t2 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT NULL;
+  } {
+  }
+
+  7 {
+    INSERT INTO t3(x, y) VALUES(7, 8);
+    UPDATE t3 SET y='fourteen' WHERE x=1;
+    DELETE FROM t3 WHERE x=3;
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t3 ADD COLUMN c;
+  } {
+    INSERT INTO t3(x, y, c) VALUES(9, 10, 11);
+  }
+
+  8 {
+    INSERT INTO t4(x, y) VALUES(7, 8);
+    UPDATE t4 SET y='fourteen' WHERE x=1;
+    DELETE FROM t4 WHERE x=3;
+  } {
+    ALTER TABLE t4 ADD COLUMN c;
+  } {
+    INSERT INTO t4(x, y, c) VALUES(9, 10, 11);
+  }
+} {
+  foreach {tn2 cmd} {
+    1 changeset_from_sql
+    2 patchset_from_sql
+  } {
+    db_restore_and_reopen
+  
+    set C1 [$cmd $sql1]
+    execsql $at
+    set C2 [$cmd $sql2]
+  
+    sqlite3changegroup grp
+    grp schema db main
+    grp add $C1
+    grp add $C2
+    set T1 [grp output]
+    grp delete
+  
+    db_restore_and_reopen
+    execsql $at
+    set T2 [$cmd "$sql1 ; $sql2"]
+  
+    if {[string range $tn end end]!="*"} {
+      do_test 3.1.$tn.$tn2.1 { changeset_to_list $T1 } [changeset_to_list $T2]
+      set testname "$tn.$tn2"
+    } else {
+      set testname "[string range $tn 0 end-1].$tn2"
+    }
+  
+    db_restore_and_reopen
+    proc xConflict {args} { return "REPLACE" }
+    sqlite3changeset_apply_v2 db $T1 xConflict
+    set S1 [scksum db main]
+  
+    db_restore_and_reopen
+    sqlite3changeset_apply_v2 db $T2 xConflict
+    set S2 [scksum db main]
+  
+    # if { $tn==7 } { puts [changeset_to_list $T1] }
+  
+    do_test 3.1.$tn.2 { set S1 } $S2
+  }
+}
+
+
+finish_test
+
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/sessionfault3.test b/sqlite/ext/session/sessionfault3.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..af5a4cdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/sessionfault3.test
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# 2016 October 6
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# The focus of this file is testing the session module.
+#
+
+if {![info exists testdir]} {
+  set testdir [file join [file dirname [info script]] .. .. test]
+} 
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] session_common.tcl]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+ifcapable !session {finish_test; return}
+set testprefix sessionfault3
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, PRIMARY KEY(a));
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 4);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('five', 'six');
+}
+
+set C1 [changeset_from_sql {
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('seven', 'eight');
+  UPDATE t1 SET b=6 WHERE a='five';
+  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE a=1;
+}]
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN d DEFAULT 123;
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN e DEFAULT 'string';
+}
+
+set C2 [changeset_from_sql {
+  UPDATE t1 SET e='new value' WHERE a='seven';
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0, 0, 0, 0);
+}]
+
+do_faultsim_test 1 -faults oom* -prep {
+  sqlite3changegroup G
+} -body {
+  G schema db main
+  G add $::C1
+  G add $::C2
+  G output
+  set {} {}
+} -test {
+  catch { G delete }
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}} {1 SQLITE_NOMEM}
+}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/sessionnoact.test b/sqlite/ext/session/sessionnoact.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1274ecb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/sessionnoact.test
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+# 2023 October 20
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.
+#
+
+if {![info exists testdir]} {
+  set testdir [file join [file dirname [info script]] .. .. test]
+} 
+source [file join [file dirname [info script]] session_common.tcl]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+ifcapable !session {finish_test; return}
+
+set testprefix sessionnoact
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE p1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c UNIQUE);
+  INSERT INTO p1 VALUES(1, 1, 'one');
+  INSERT INTO p1 VALUES(2, 2, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO p1 VALUES(3, 3, 'three');
+  INSERT INTO p1 VALUES(4, 4, 'four');
+}
+
+db_save
+
+set C [changeset_from_sql {
+  DELETE FROM p1 WHERE a=2;
+  UPDATE p1 SET c='six' WHERE a=3;
+  INSERT INTO p1 VALUES(5, 5, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO p1 VALUES(6, 6, 'three');
+}]
+
+db_restore_and_reopen
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  CREATE TABLE c1(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y,
+    FOREIGN KEY(y) REFERENCES p1(c) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE SET NULL
+  );
+
+  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(10, 'one');
+  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(20, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(30, 'three');
+  INSERT INTO c1 VALUES(40, 'four');
+}
+
+db_save
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1;
+}
+
+set ::nConflict 0
+proc conflict {args} {
+  incr ::nConflict
+  return "OMIT"
+}
+
+sqlite3changeset_apply_v2 db $C conflict
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  SELECT * FROM c1
+} {
+  10 one
+  30 {}
+  40 four
+}
+
+db_restore_and_reopen
+
+do_execsql_test 1.4 {
+  PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.5 {
+  UPDATE p1 SET c=12345 WHERE a = 45;
+}
+
+sqlite3changeset_apply_v2 -noaction db $C conflict
+do_execsql_test 1.6 {
+  SELECT * FROM c1
+} {
+  10 one
+  20 two
+  30 three
+  40 four
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.7 {
+  PRAGMA foreign_keys = 1;
+  UPDATE p1 SET c = 'ten' WHERE c='two';
+  SELECT * FROM c1;
+} {
+  10 one
+  20 {}
+  30 three
+  40 four
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.8 {
+  PRAGMA foreign_key_check
+}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.c b/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.c
index 67940884..4f682a13 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.c
@@ -119,6 +119,18 @@ struct sqlite3_changeset_iter {
 ** The data associated with each hash-table entry is a structure containing
 ** a subset of the initial values that the modified row contained at the
 ** start of the session. Or no initial values if the row was inserted.
+**
+** pDfltStmt:
+**   This is only used by the sqlite3changegroup_xxx() APIs, not by
+**   regular sqlite3_session objects. It is a SELECT statement that
+**   selects the default value for each table column. For example,
+**   if the table is 
+**
+**      CREATE TABLE xx(a DEFAULT 1, b, c DEFAULT 'abc')
+**
+**   then this variable is the compiled version of:
+**
+**      SELECT 1, NULL, 'abc'
 */
 struct SessionTable {
   SessionTable *pNext;
@@ -127,10 +139,12 @@ struct SessionTable {
   int bStat1;                     /* True if this is sqlite_stat1 */
   int bRowid;                     /* True if this table uses rowid for PK */
   const char **azCol;             /* Column names */
+  const char **azDflt;            /* Default value expressions */
   u8 *abPK;                       /* Array of primary key flags */
   int nEntry;                     /* Total number of entries in hash table */
   int nChange;                    /* Size of apChange[] array */
   SessionChange **apChange;       /* Hash table buckets */
+  sqlite3_stmt *pDfltStmt;
 };
 
 /* 
@@ -299,6 +313,7 @@ struct SessionTable {
 struct SessionChange {
   u8 op;                          /* One of UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT */
   u8 bIndirect;                   /* True if this change is "indirect" */
+  u16 nRecordField;               /* Number of fields in aRecord[] */
   int nMaxSize;                   /* Max size of eventual changeset record */
   int nRecord;                    /* Number of bytes in buffer aRecord[] */
   u8 *aRecord;                    /* Buffer containing old.* record */
@@ -324,7 +339,7 @@ static int sessionVarintLen(int iVal){
 ** Read a varint value from aBuf[] into *piVal. Return the number of 
 ** bytes read.
 */
-static int sessionVarintGet(u8 *aBuf, int *piVal){
+static int sessionVarintGet(const u8 *aBuf, int *piVal){
   return getVarint32(aBuf, *piVal);
 }
 
@@ -587,9 +602,11 @@ static int sessionPreupdateHash(
 ** Return the number of bytes of space occupied by the value (including
 ** the type byte).
 */
-static int sessionSerialLen(u8 *a){
-  int e = *a;
+static int sessionSerialLen(const u8 *a){
+  int e;
   int n;
+  assert( a!=0 );
+  e = *a;
   if( e==0 || e==0xFF ) return 1;
   if( e==SQLITE_NULL ) return 1;
   if( e==SQLITE_INTEGER || e==SQLITE_FLOAT ) return 9;
@@ -891,6 +908,7 @@ static int sessionPreupdateEqual(
         rc = pSession->hook.xOld(pSession->hook.pCtx, iCol, &pVal);
       }
       assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
+      (void)rc;                   /* Suppress warning about unused variable */
       if( sqlite3_value_type(pVal)!=eType ) return 0;
 
       /* A SessionChange object never has a NULL value in a PK column */
@@ -993,13 +1011,14 @@ static int sessionGrowHash(
 **
 ** For example, if the table is declared as:
 **
-**     CREATE TABLE tbl1(w, x, y, z, PRIMARY KEY(w, z));
+**     CREATE TABLE tbl1(w, x DEFAULT 'abc', y, z, PRIMARY KEY(w, z));
 **
-** Then the four output variables are populated as follows:
+** Then the five output variables are populated as follows:
 **
 **     *pnCol  = 4
 **     *pzTab  = "tbl1"
 **     *pazCol = {"w", "x", "y", "z"}
+**     *pazDflt = {NULL, 'abc', NULL, NULL}
 **     *pabPK  = {1, 0, 0, 1}
 **
 ** All returned buffers are part of the same single allocation, which must
@@ -1013,6 +1032,7 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
   int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: number of columns */
   const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Copy of zThis */
   const char ***pazCol,           /* OUT: Array of column names for table */
+  const char ***pazDflt,          /* OUT: Array of default value expressions */
   u8 **pabPK,                     /* OUT: Array of booleans - true for PK col */
   int *pbRowid                    /* OUT: True if only PK is a rowid */
 ){
@@ -1025,11 +1045,18 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
   int i;
   u8 *pAlloc = 0;
   char **azCol = 0;
+  char **azDflt = 0;
   u8 *abPK = 0;
   int bRowid = 0;                 /* Set to true to use rowid as PK */
 
   assert( pazCol && pabPK );
 
+  *pazCol = 0;
+  *pabPK = 0;
+  *pnCol = 0;
+  if( pzTab ) *pzTab = 0;
+  if( pazDflt ) *pazDflt = 0;
+
   nThis = sqlite3Strlen30(zThis);
   if( nThis==12 && 0==sqlite3_stricmp("sqlite_stat1", zThis) ){
     rc = sqlite3_table_column_metadata(db, zDb, zThis, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
@@ -1043,39 +1070,28 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
     }else if( rc==SQLITE_ERROR ){
       zPragma = sqlite3_mprintf("");
     }else{
-      *pazCol = 0;
-      *pabPK = 0;
-      *pnCol = 0;
-      if( pzTab ) *pzTab = 0;
       return rc;
     }
   }else{
     zPragma = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA '%q'.table_info('%q')", zDb, zThis);
   }
   if( !zPragma ){
-    *pazCol = 0;
-    *pabPK = 0;
-    *pnCol = 0;
-    if( pzTab ) *pzTab = 0;
     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
   }
 
   rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zPragma, -1, &pStmt, 0);
   sqlite3_free(zPragma);
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
-    *pazCol = 0;
-    *pabPK = 0;
-    *pnCol = 0;
-    if( pzTab ) *pzTab = 0;
     return rc;
   }
 
   nByte = nThis + 1;
   bRowid = (pbRowid!=0);
   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
-    nByte += sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 1);
+    nByte += sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 1);          /* name */
+    nByte += sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 4);          /* dflt_value */
     nDbCol++;
-    if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5) ) bRowid = 0;
+    if( sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5) ) bRowid = 0;    /* pk */
   }
   if( nDbCol==0 ) bRowid = 0;
   nDbCol += bRowid;
@@ -1083,15 +1099,18 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
   rc = sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
 
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    nByte += nDbCol * (sizeof(const char *) + sizeof(u8) + 1);
+    nByte += nDbCol * (sizeof(const char *)*2 + sizeof(u8) + 1 + 1);
     pAlloc = sessionMalloc64(pSession, nByte);
     if( pAlloc==0 ){
       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      memset(pAlloc, 0, nByte);
     }
   }
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     azCol = (char **)pAlloc;
-    pAlloc = (u8 *)&azCol[nDbCol];
+    azDflt = (char**)&azCol[nDbCol];
+    pAlloc = (u8 *)&azDflt[nDbCol];
     abPK = (u8 *)pAlloc;
     pAlloc = &abPK[nDbCol];
     if( pzTab ){
@@ -1111,11 +1130,21 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
     }
     while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
       int nName = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 1);
+      int nDflt = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 4);
       const unsigned char *zName = sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
+      const unsigned char *zDflt = sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 4);
+
       if( zName==0 ) break;
       memcpy(pAlloc, zName, nName+1);
       azCol[i] = (char *)pAlloc;
       pAlloc += nName+1;
+      if( zDflt ){
+        memcpy(pAlloc, zDflt, nDflt+1);
+        azDflt[i] = (char *)pAlloc;
+        pAlloc += nDflt+1;
+      }else{
+        azDflt[i] = 0;
+      }
       abPK[i] = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 5);
       i++;
     }
@@ -1126,14 +1155,11 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
   ** free any allocation made. An error code will be returned in this case.
   */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    *pazCol = (const char **)azCol;
+    *pazCol = (const char**)azCol;
+    if( pazDflt ) *pazDflt = (const char**)azDflt;
     *pabPK = abPK;
     *pnCol = nDbCol;
   }else{
-    *pazCol = 0;
-    *pabPK = 0;
-    *pnCol = 0;
-    if( pzTab ) *pzTab = 0;
     sessionFree(pSession, azCol);
   }
   if( pbRowid ) *pbRowid = bRowid;
@@ -1142,10 +1168,9 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is only called from within a pre-update handler for a
-** write to table pTab, part of session pSession. If this is the first
-** write to this table, initalize the SessionTable.nCol, azCol[] and
-** abPK[] arrays accordingly.
+** This function is called to initialize the SessionTable.nCol, azCol[]
+** abPK[] and azDflt[] members of SessionTable object pTab. If these
+** fields are already initilialized, this function is a no-op.
 **
 ** If an error occurs, an error code is stored in sqlite3_session.rc and
 ** non-zero returned. Or, if no error occurs but the table has no primary
@@ -1153,15 +1178,22 @@ static int sessionTableInfo(
 ** indicate that updates on this table should be ignored. SessionTable.abPK 
 ** is set to NULL in this case.
 */
-static int sessionInitTable(sqlite3_session *pSession, SessionTable *pTab){
+static int sessionInitTable(
+  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Optional session handle */
+  SessionTable *pTab,             /* Table object to initialize */
+  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle to read schema from */
+  const char *zDb                 /* Name of db - "main", "temp" etc. */
+){
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
   if( pTab->nCol==0 ){
     u8 *abPK;
     assert( pTab->azCol==0 || pTab->abPK==0 );
-    pSession->rc = sessionTableInfo(pSession, pSession->db, pSession->zDb, 
-        pTab->zName, &pTab->nCol, 0, &pTab->azCol, &abPK,
-        (pSession->bImplicitPK ? &pTab->bRowid : 0)
+    rc = sessionTableInfo(pSession, db, zDb, 
+        pTab->zName, &pTab->nCol, 0, &pTab->azCol, &pTab->azDflt, &abPK,
+        ((pSession==0 || pSession->bImplicitPK) ? &pTab->bRowid : 0)
     );
-    if( pSession->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       int i;
       for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
         if( abPK[i] ){
@@ -1173,14 +1205,321 @@ static int sessionInitTable(sqlite3_session *pSession, SessionTable *pTab){
         pTab->bStat1 = 1;
       }
 
-      if( pSession->bEnableSize ){
+      if( pSession && pSession->bEnableSize ){
         pSession->nMaxChangesetSize += (
           1 + sessionVarintLen(pTab->nCol) + pTab->nCol + strlen(pTab->zName)+1
         );
       }
     }
   }
-  return (pSession->rc || pTab->abPK==0);
+
+  if( pSession ){
+    pSession->rc = rc;
+    return (rc || pTab->abPK==0);
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Re-initialize table object pTab.
+*/
+static int sessionReinitTable(sqlite3_session *pSession, SessionTable *pTab){
+  int nCol = 0;
+  const char **azCol = 0;
+  const char **azDflt = 0;
+  u8 *abPK = 0; 
+  int bRowid = 0;
+
+  assert( pSession->rc==SQLITE_OK );
+
+  pSession->rc = sessionTableInfo(pSession, pSession->db, pSession->zDb, 
+      pTab->zName, &nCol, 0, &azCol, &azDflt, &abPK,
+      (pSession->bImplicitPK ? &bRowid : 0)
+  );
+  if( pSession->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    if( pTab->nCol>nCol || pTab->bRowid!=bRowid ){
+      pSession->rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
+    }else{
+      int ii;
+      int nOldCol = pTab->nCol;
+      for(ii=0; ii<nCol; ii++){
+        if( ii<pTab->nCol ){
+          if( pTab->abPK[ii]!=abPK[ii] ){
+            pSession->rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
+          }
+        }else if( abPK[ii] ){
+          pSession->rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if( pSession->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+        const char **a = pTab->azCol;
+        pTab->azCol = azCol;
+        pTab->nCol = nCol;
+        pTab->azDflt = azDflt;
+        pTab->abPK = abPK;
+        azCol = a;
+      }
+      if( pSession->bEnableSize ){
+        pSession->nMaxChangesetSize += (nCol - nOldCol);
+        pSession->nMaxChangesetSize += sessionVarintLen(nCol);
+        pSession->nMaxChangesetSize -= sessionVarintLen(nOldCol);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  sqlite3_free((char*)azCol);
+  return pSession->rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Session-change object (*pp) contains an old.* record with fewer than
+** nCol fields. This function updates it with the default values for
+** the missing fields.
+*/
+static void sessionUpdateOneChange(
+  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* For memory accounting */
+  int *pRc,                       /* IN/OUT: Error code */
+  SessionChange **pp,             /* IN/OUT: Change object to update */
+  int nCol,                       /* Number of columns now in table */
+  sqlite3_stmt *pDflt             /* SELECT <default-values...> */
+){
+  SessionChange *pOld = *pp;
+
+  while( pOld->nRecordField<nCol ){
+    SessionChange *pNew = 0;
+    int nByte = 0;
+    int nIncr = 0;
+    int iField = pOld->nRecordField;
+    int eType = sqlite3_column_type(pDflt, iField);
+    switch( eType ){
+      case SQLITE_NULL:
+        nIncr = 1;
+        break;
+      case SQLITE_INTEGER:
+      case SQLITE_FLOAT:
+        nIncr = 9;
+        break;
+      default: {
+        int n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pDflt, iField);
+        nIncr = 1 + sessionVarintLen(n) + n;
+        assert( eType==SQLITE_TEXT || eType==SQLITE_BLOB );
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    nByte = nIncr + (sizeof(SessionChange) + pOld->nRecord);
+    pNew = sessionMalloc64(pSession, nByte);
+    if( pNew==0 ){
+      *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      return;
+    }else{
+      memcpy(pNew, pOld, sizeof(SessionChange));
+      pNew->aRecord = (u8*)&pNew[1];
+      memcpy(pNew->aRecord, pOld->aRecord, pOld->nRecord);
+      pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord++] = (u8)eType;
+      switch( eType ){
+        case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+          i64 iVal = sqlite3_column_int64(pDflt, iField);
+          sessionPutI64(&pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord], iVal); 
+          pNew->nRecord += 8;
+          break;
+        }
+          
+        case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+          double rVal = sqlite3_column_double(pDflt, iField);
+          i64 iVal = 0;
+          memcpy(&iVal, &rVal, sizeof(rVal));
+          sessionPutI64(&pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord], iVal); 
+          pNew->nRecord += 8;
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+          int n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pDflt, iField);
+          const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pDflt, iField);
+          pNew->nRecord += sessionVarintPut(&pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord], n); 
+          memcpy(&pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord], z, n);
+          pNew->nRecord += n;
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+          int n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pDflt, iField);
+          const u8 *z = (const u8*)sqlite3_column_blob(pDflt, iField);
+          pNew->nRecord += sessionVarintPut(&pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord], n); 
+          memcpy(&pNew->aRecord[pNew->nRecord], z, n);
+          pNew->nRecord += n;
+          break;
+        }
+
+        default:
+          assert( eType==SQLITE_NULL );
+          break;
+      }
+
+      sessionFree(pSession, pOld);
+      *pp = pOld = pNew;
+      pNew->nRecordField++;
+      pNew->nMaxSize += nIncr;
+      if( pSession ){
+        pSession->nMaxChangesetSize += nIncr;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Ensure that there is room in the buffer to append nByte bytes of data.
+** If not, use sqlite3_realloc() to grow the buffer so that there is.
+**
+** If successful, return zero. Otherwise, if an OOM condition is encountered,
+** set *pRc to SQLITE_NOMEM and return non-zero.
+*/
+static int sessionBufferGrow(SessionBuffer *p, i64 nByte, int *pRc){
+#define SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ (0x7FFFFF00 - 1) 
+  i64 nReq = p->nBuf + nByte;
+  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK && nReq>p->nAlloc ){
+    u8 *aNew;
+    i64 nNew = p->nAlloc ? p->nAlloc : 128;
+
+    do {
+      nNew = nNew*2;
+    }while( nNew<nReq );
+
+    /* The value of SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ is copied from the implementation
+    ** of sqlite3_realloc64(). Allocations greater than this size in bytes
+    ** always fail. It is used here to ensure that this routine can always
+    ** allocate up to this limit - instead of up to the largest power of
+    ** two smaller than the limit.  */
+    if( nNew>SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ ){
+      nNew = SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ;
+      if( nNew<nReq ){
+        *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+        return 1;
+      }
+    }
+
+    aNew = (u8 *)sqlite3_realloc64(p->aBuf, nNew);
+    if( 0==aNew ){
+      *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      p->aBuf = aNew;
+      p->nAlloc = nNew;
+    }
+  }
+  return (*pRc!=SQLITE_OK);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** This function is a no-op if *pRc is other than SQLITE_OK when it is 
+** called. Otherwise, append a string to the buffer. All bytes in the string
+** up to (but not including) the nul-terminator are written to the buffer.
+**
+** If an OOM condition is encountered, set *pRc to SQLITE_NOMEM before
+** returning.
+*/
+static void sessionAppendStr(
+  SessionBuffer *p, 
+  const char *zStr, 
+  int *pRc
+){
+  int nStr = sqlite3Strlen30(zStr);
+  if( 0==sessionBufferGrow(p, nStr+1, pRc) ){
+    memcpy(&p->aBuf[p->nBuf], zStr, nStr);
+    p->nBuf += nStr;
+    p->aBuf[p->nBuf] = 0x00;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Format a string using printf() style formatting and then append it to the
+** buffer using sessionAppendString().
+*/
+static void sessionAppendPrintf(
+  SessionBuffer *p,               /* Buffer to append to */
+  int *pRc, 
+  const char *zFmt,
+  ...
+){
+  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    char *zApp = 0;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, zFmt);
+    zApp = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
+    if( zApp==0 ){
+      *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      sessionAppendStr(p, zApp, pRc);
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+    sqlite3_free(zApp);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Prepare a statement against database handle db that SELECTs a single
+** row containing the default values for each column in table pTab. For
+** example, if pTab is declared as:
+**
+**   CREATE TABLE pTab(a PRIMARY KEY, b DEFAULT 123, c DEFAULT 'abcd');
+**
+** Then this function prepares and returns the SQL statement:
+**
+**   SELECT NULL, 123, 'abcd';
+*/
+static int sessionPrepareDfltStmt(
+  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
+  SessionTable *pTab,             /* Table to prepare statement for */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt           /* OUT: Statement handle */
+){
+  SessionBuffer sql = {0,0,0};
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  const char *zSep = " ";
+  int ii = 0;
+
+  *ppStmt = 0;
+  sessionAppendPrintf(&sql, &rc, "SELECT");
+  for(ii=0; ii<pTab->nCol; ii++){
+    const char *zDflt = pTab->azDflt[ii] ? pTab->azDflt[ii] : "NULL";
+    sessionAppendPrintf(&sql, &rc, "%s%s", zSep, zDflt);
+    zSep = ", ";
+  }
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, (const char*)sql.aBuf, -1, ppStmt, 0);
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(sql.aBuf);
+
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Table pTab has one or more existing change-records with old.* records
+** with fewer than pTab->nCol columns. This function updates all such 
+** change-records with the default values for the missing columns.
+*/
+static int sessionUpdateChanges(sqlite3_session *pSession, SessionTable *pTab){
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+  int rc = pSession->rc;
+
+  rc = sessionPrepareDfltStmt(pSession->db, pTab, &pStmt);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pStmt) ){
+    int ii = 0;
+    SessionChange **pp = 0;
+    for(ii=0; ii<pTab->nChange; ii++){
+      for(pp=&pTab->apChange[ii]; *pp; pp=&((*pp)->pNext)){
+        if( (*pp)->nRecordField!=pTab->nCol ){
+          sessionUpdateOneChange(pSession, &rc, pp, pTab->nCol, pStmt);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  pSession->rc = rc;
+  rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+  if( pSession->rc==SQLITE_OK ) pSession->rc = rc;
+  return pSession->rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1343,16 +1682,22 @@ static void sessionPreupdateOneChange(
   int iHash; 
   int bNull = 0; 
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  int nExpect = 0;
   SessionStat1Ctx stat1 = {{0,0,0,0,0},0};
 
   if( pSession->rc ) return;
 
   /* Load table details if required */
-  if( sessionInitTable(pSession, pTab) ) return;
+  if( sessionInitTable(pSession, pTab, pSession->db, pSession->zDb) ) return;
 
   /* Check the number of columns in this xPreUpdate call matches the 
   ** number of columns in the table.  */
-  if( (pTab->nCol-pTab->bRowid)!=pSession->hook.xCount(pSession->hook.pCtx) ){
+  nExpect = pSession->hook.xCount(pSession->hook.pCtx);
+  if( (pTab->nCol-pTab->bRowid)<nExpect ){
+    if( sessionReinitTable(pSession, pTab) ) return;
+    if( sessionUpdateChanges(pSession, pTab) ) return;
+  }
+  if( (pTab->nCol-pTab->bRowid)!=nExpect ){
     pSession->rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
     return;
   }
@@ -1429,7 +1774,7 @@ static void sessionPreupdateOneChange(
       }
   
       /* Allocate the change object */
-      pC = (SessionChange *)sessionMalloc64(pSession, nByte);
+      pC = (SessionChange*)sessionMalloc64(pSession, nByte);
       if( !pC ){
         rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
         goto error_out;
@@ -1462,6 +1807,7 @@ static void sessionPreupdateOneChange(
       if( pSession->bIndirect || pSession->hook.xDepth(pSession->hook.pCtx) ){
         pC->bIndirect = 1;
       }
+      pC->nRecordField = pTab->nCol;
       pC->nRecord = nByte;
       pC->op = op;
       pC->pNext = pTab->apChange[iHash];
@@ -1841,7 +2187,7 @@ int sqlite3session_diff(
     /* Locate and if necessary initialize the target table object */
     rc = sessionFindTable(pSession, zTbl, &pTo);
     if( pTo==0 ) goto diff_out;
-    if( sessionInitTable(pSession, pTo) ){
+    if( sessionInitTable(pSession, pTo, pSession->db, pSession->zDb) ){
       rc = pSession->rc;
       goto diff_out;
     }
@@ -1854,7 +2200,7 @@ int sqlite3session_diff(
       int bRowid = 0;
       u8 *abPK;
       const char **azCol = 0;
-      rc = sessionTableInfo(0, db, zFrom, zTbl, &nCol, 0, &azCol, &abPK, 
+      rc = sessionTableInfo(0, db, zFrom, zTbl, &nCol, 0, &azCol, 0, &abPK, 
           pSession->bImplicitPK ? &bRowid : 0
       );
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -1969,6 +2315,7 @@ static void sessionDeleteTable(sqlite3_session *pSession, SessionTable *pList){
         sessionFree(pSession, p);
       }
     }
+    sqlite3_finalize(pTab->pDfltStmt);
     sessionFree(pSession, (char*)pTab->azCol);  /* cast works around VC++ bug */
     sessionFree(pSession, pTab->apChange);
     sessionFree(pSession, pTab);
@@ -2003,7 +2350,7 @@ void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession){
 
   /* Assert that all allocations have been freed and then free the 
   ** session object itself. */
-  assert( pSession->nMalloc==0 );
+  // assert( pSession->nMalloc==0 );
   sqlite3_free(pSession);
 }
 
@@ -2074,48 +2421,6 @@ int sqlite3session_attach(
   return rc;
 }
 
-/*
-** Ensure that there is room in the buffer to append nByte bytes of data.
-** If not, use sqlite3_realloc() to grow the buffer so that there is.
-**
-** If successful, return zero. Otherwise, if an OOM condition is encountered,
-** set *pRc to SQLITE_NOMEM and return non-zero.
-*/
-static int sessionBufferGrow(SessionBuffer *p, i64 nByte, int *pRc){
-#define SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ (0x7FFFFF00 - 1) 
-  i64 nReq = p->nBuf + nByte;
-  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK && nReq>p->nAlloc ){
-    u8 *aNew;
-    i64 nNew = p->nAlloc ? p->nAlloc : 128;
-
-    do {
-      nNew = nNew*2;
-    }while( nNew<nReq );
-
-    /* The value of SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ is copied from the implementation
-    ** of sqlite3_realloc64(). Allocations greater than this size in bytes
-    ** always fail. It is used here to ensure that this routine can always
-    ** allocate up to this limit - instead of up to the largest power of
-    ** two smaller than the limit.  */
-    if( nNew>SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ ){
-      nNew = SESSION_MAX_BUFFER_SZ;
-      if( nNew<nReq ){
-        *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
-        return 1;
-      }
-    }
-
-    aNew = (u8 *)sqlite3_realloc64(p->aBuf, nNew);
-    if( 0==aNew ){
-      *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
-    }else{
-      p->aBuf = aNew;
-      p->nAlloc = nNew;
-    }
-  }
-  return (*pRc!=SQLITE_OK);
-}
-
 /*
 ** Append the value passed as the second argument to the buffer passed
 ** as the first.
@@ -2184,27 +2489,6 @@ static void sessionAppendBlob(
   }
 }
 
-/*
-** This function is a no-op if *pRc is other than SQLITE_OK when it is 
-** called. Otherwise, append a string to the buffer. All bytes in the string
-** up to (but not including) the nul-terminator are written to the buffer.
-**
-** If an OOM condition is encountered, set *pRc to SQLITE_NOMEM before
-** returning.
-*/
-static void sessionAppendStr(
-  SessionBuffer *p, 
-  const char *zStr, 
-  int *pRc
-){
-  int nStr = sqlite3Strlen30(zStr);
-  if( 0==sessionBufferGrow(p, nStr+1, pRc) ){
-    memcpy(&p->aBuf[p->nBuf], zStr, nStr);
-    p->nBuf += nStr;
-    p->aBuf[p->nBuf] = 0x00;
-  }
-}
-
 /*
 ** This function is a no-op if *pRc is other than SQLITE_OK when it is 
 ** called. Otherwise, append the string representation of integer iVal
@@ -2223,27 +2507,6 @@ static void sessionAppendInteger(
   sessionAppendStr(p, aBuf, pRc);
 }
 
-static void sessionAppendPrintf(
-  SessionBuffer *p,               /* Buffer to append to */
-  int *pRc, 
-  const char *zFmt,
-  ...
-){
-  if( *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    char *zApp = 0;
-    va_list ap;
-    va_start(ap, zFmt);
-    zApp = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFmt, ap);
-    if( zApp==0 ){
-      *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
-    }else{
-      sessionAppendStr(p, zApp, pRc);
-    }
-    va_end(ap);
-    sqlite3_free(zApp);
-  }
-}
-
 /*
 ** This function is a no-op if *pRc is other than SQLITE_OK when it is 
 ** called. Otherwise, append the string zStr enclosed in quotes (") and
@@ -2734,26 +2997,16 @@ static int sessionGenerateChangeset(
   for(pTab=pSession->pTable; rc==SQLITE_OK && pTab; pTab=pTab->pNext){
     if( pTab->nEntry ){
       const char *zName = pTab->zName;
-      int nCol = 0;               /* Number of columns in table */
-      u8 *abPK = 0;               /* Primary key array */
-      const char **azCol = 0;     /* Table columns */
       int i;                      /* Used to iterate through hash buckets */
       sqlite3_stmt *pSel = 0;     /* SELECT statement to query table pTab */
       int nRewind = buf.nBuf;     /* Initial size of write buffer */
       int nNoop;                  /* Size of buffer after writing tbl header */
-      int bRowid = 0;
+      int nOldCol = pTab->nCol;
 
       /* Check the table schema is still Ok. */
-      rc = sessionTableInfo(
-          0, db, pSession->zDb, zName, &nCol, 0, &azCol, &abPK, 
-          (pSession->bImplicitPK ? &bRowid : 0)
-      );
-      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && (
-          pTab->nCol!=nCol 
-       || pTab->bRowid!=bRowid 
-       || memcmp(abPK, pTab->abPK, nCol)
-      )){
-        rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
+      rc = sessionReinitTable(pSession, pTab);
+      if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pTab->nCol!=nOldCol ){
+        rc = sessionUpdateChanges(pSession, pTab);
       }
 
       /* Write a table header */
@@ -2761,8 +3014,8 @@ static int sessionGenerateChangeset(
 
       /* Build and compile a statement to execute: */
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-        rc = sessionSelectStmt(
-            db, 0, pSession->zDb, zName, bRowid, nCol, azCol, abPK, &pSel
+        rc = sessionSelectStmt(db, 0, pSession->zDb, 
+            zName, pTab->bRowid, pTab->nCol, pTab->azCol, pTab->abPK, &pSel
         );
       }
 
@@ -2771,22 +3024,22 @@ static int sessionGenerateChangeset(
         SessionChange *p;         /* Used to iterate through changes */
 
         for(p=pTab->apChange[i]; rc==SQLITE_OK && p; p=p->pNext){
-          rc = sessionSelectBind(pSel, nCol, abPK, p);
+          rc = sessionSelectBind(pSel, pTab->nCol, pTab->abPK, p);
           if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) continue;
           if( sqlite3_step(pSel)==SQLITE_ROW ){
             if( p->op==SQLITE_INSERT ){
               int iCol;
               sessionAppendByte(&buf, SQLITE_INSERT, &rc);
               sessionAppendByte(&buf, p->bIndirect, &rc);
-              for(iCol=0; iCol<nCol; iCol++){
+              for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
                 sessionAppendCol(&buf, pSel, iCol, &rc);
               }
             }else{
-              assert( abPK!=0 );  /* Because sessionSelectStmt() returned ok */
-              rc = sessionAppendUpdate(&buf, bPatchset, pSel, p, abPK);
+              assert( pTab->abPK!=0 );
+              rc = sessionAppendUpdate(&buf, bPatchset, pSel, p, pTab->abPK);
             }
           }else if( p->op!=SQLITE_INSERT ){
-            rc = sessionAppendDelete(&buf, bPatchset, p, nCol, abPK);
+            rc = sessionAppendDelete(&buf, bPatchset, p, pTab->nCol,pTab->abPK);
           }
           if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
             rc = sqlite3_reset(pSel);
@@ -2811,7 +3064,6 @@ static int sessionGenerateChangeset(
       if( buf.nBuf==nNoop ){
         buf.nBuf = nRewind;
       }
-      sqlite3_free((char*)azCol);  /* cast works around VC++ bug */
     }
   }
 
@@ -3235,15 +3487,19 @@ static int sessionReadRecord(
         }
       }
       if( eType==SQLITE_INTEGER || eType==SQLITE_FLOAT ){
-        sqlite3_int64 v = sessionGetI64(aVal);
-        if( eType==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
-          sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(apOut[i], v);
+        if( (pIn->nData-pIn->iNext)<8 ){
+          rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
         }else{
-          double d;
-          memcpy(&d, &v, 8);
-          sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(apOut[i], d);
+          sqlite3_int64 v = sessionGetI64(aVal);
+          if( eType==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+            sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(apOut[i], v);
+          }else{
+            double d;
+            memcpy(&d, &v, 8);
+            sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(apOut[i], d);
+          }
+          pIn->iNext += 8;
         }
-        pIn->iNext += 8;
       }
     }
   }
@@ -4936,7 +5192,7 @@ static int sessionChangesetApply(
 
         sqlite3changeset_pk(pIter, &abPK, 0);
         rc = sessionTableInfo(0, db, "main", zNew, 
-            &sApply.nCol, &zTab, &sApply.azCol, &sApply.abPK, &sApply.bRowid
+            &sApply.nCol, &zTab, &sApply.azCol, 0, &sApply.abPK, &sApply.bRowid
         );
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
         for(i=0; i<sApply.nCol; i++){
@@ -5068,11 +5324,24 @@ int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2(
   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter;  /* Iterator to skip through changeset */  
   int bInv = !!(flags & SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT);
   int rc = sessionChangesetStart(&pIter, 0, 0, nChangeset, pChangeset, bInv, 1);
+  u64 savedFlag = db->flags & SQLITE_FkNoAction;
+
+  if( flags & SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION ){
+    db->flags |= ((u64)SQLITE_FkNoAction);
+    db->aDb[0].pSchema->schema_cookie -= 32;
+  }
+
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     rc = sessionChangesetApply(
         db, pIter, xFilter, xConflict, pCtx, ppRebase, pnRebase, flags
     );
   }
+
+  if( (flags & SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION) && savedFlag==0 ){
+    assert( db->flags & SQLITE_FkNoAction );
+    db->flags &= ~((u64)SQLITE_FkNoAction);
+    db->aDb[0].pSchema->schema_cookie -= 32;
+  }
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -5160,6 +5429,9 @@ struct sqlite3_changegroup {
   int rc;                         /* Error code */
   int bPatch;                     /* True to accumulate patchsets */
   SessionTable *pList;            /* List of tables in current patch */
+
+  sqlite3 *db;                    /* Configured by changegroup_schema() */
+  char *zDb;                      /* Configured by changegroup_schema() */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -5180,6 +5452,7 @@ static int sessionChangeMerge(
 ){
   SessionChange *pNew = 0;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  assert( aRec!=0 );
 
   if( !pExist ){
     pNew = (SessionChange *)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(SessionChange) + nRec);
@@ -5345,6 +5618,114 @@ static int sessionChangeMerge(
   return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** Check if a changeset entry with nCol columns and the PK array passed
+** as the final argument to this function is compatible with SessionTable
+** pTab. If so, return 1. Otherwise, if they are incompatible in some way,
+** return 0.
+*/
+static int sessionChangesetCheckCompat(
+  SessionTable *pTab,
+  int nCol,
+  u8 *abPK
+){
+  if( pTab->azCol && nCol<pTab->nCol ){
+    int ii;
+    for(ii=0; ii<pTab->nCol; ii++){
+      u8 bPK = (ii < nCol) ? abPK[ii] : 0;
+      if( pTab->abPK[ii]!=bPK ) return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return (pTab->nCol==nCol && 0==memcmp(abPK, pTab->abPK, nCol));
+}
+
+static int sessionChangesetExtendRecord(
+  sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp,
+  SessionTable *pTab, 
+  int nCol, 
+  int op, 
+  const u8 *aRec, 
+  int nRec, 
+  SessionBuffer *pOut
+){
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  int ii = 0;
+
+  assert( pTab->azCol );
+  assert( nCol<pTab->nCol );
+
+  pOut->nBuf = 0;
+  if( op==SQLITE_INSERT || (op==SQLITE_DELETE && pGrp->bPatch==0) ){
+    /* Append the missing default column values to the record. */
+    sessionAppendBlob(pOut, aRec, nRec, &rc);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pTab->pDfltStmt==0 ){
+      rc = sessionPrepareDfltStmt(pGrp->db, pTab, &pTab->pDfltStmt);
+    }
+    for(ii=nCol; rc==SQLITE_OK && ii<pTab->nCol; ii++){
+      int eType = sqlite3_column_type(pTab->pDfltStmt, ii);
+      sessionAppendByte(pOut, eType, &rc);
+      switch( eType ){
+        case SQLITE_FLOAT:
+        case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+          i64 iVal;
+          if( eType==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+            iVal = sqlite3_column_int64(pTab->pDfltStmt, ii);
+          }else{
+            double rVal = sqlite3_column_int64(pTab->pDfltStmt, ii);
+            memcpy(&iVal, &rVal, sizeof(i64));
+          }
+          if( SQLITE_OK==sessionBufferGrow(pOut, 8, &rc) ){
+            sessionPutI64(&pOut->aBuf[pOut->nBuf], iVal);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case SQLITE_BLOB:
+        case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+          int n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pTab->pDfltStmt, ii);
+          sessionAppendVarint(pOut, n, &rc);
+          if( eType==SQLITE_TEXT ){
+            const u8 *z = (const u8*)sqlite3_column_text(pTab->pDfltStmt, ii);
+            sessionAppendBlob(pOut, z, n, &rc);
+          }else{
+            const u8 *z = (const u8*)sqlite3_column_blob(pTab->pDfltStmt, ii);
+            sessionAppendBlob(pOut, z, n, &rc);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+
+        default:
+          assert( eType==SQLITE_NULL );
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+  }else if( op==SQLITE_UPDATE ){
+    /* Append missing "undefined" entries to the old.* record. And, if this
+    ** is an UPDATE, to the new.* record as well.  */
+    int iOff = 0;
+    if( pGrp->bPatch==0 ){
+      for(ii=0; ii<nCol; ii++){
+        iOff += sessionSerialLen(&aRec[iOff]);
+      }
+      sessionAppendBlob(pOut, aRec, iOff, &rc);
+      for(ii=0; ii<(pTab->nCol-nCol); ii++){
+        sessionAppendByte(pOut, 0x00, &rc);
+      }
+    }
+
+    sessionAppendBlob(pOut, &aRec[iOff], nRec-iOff, &rc);
+    for(ii=0; ii<(pTab->nCol-nCol); ii++){
+      sessionAppendByte(pOut, 0x00, &rc);
+    }
+  }else{
+    assert( op==SQLITE_DELETE && pGrp->bPatch );
+    sessionAppendBlob(pOut, aRec, nRec, &rc);
+  }
+
+  return rc;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Add all changes in the changeset traversed by the iterator passed as
 ** the first argument to the changegroup hash tables.
@@ -5358,6 +5739,7 @@ static int sessionChangesetToHash(
   int nRec;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   SessionTable *pTab = 0;
+  SessionBuffer rec = {0, 0, 0};
 
   while( SQLITE_ROW==sessionChangesetNext(pIter, &aRec, &nRec, 0) ){
     const char *zNew;
@@ -5369,6 +5751,9 @@ static int sessionChangesetToHash(
     SessionChange *pExist = 0;
     SessionChange **pp;
 
+    /* Ensure that only changesets, or only patchsets, but not a mixture
+    ** of both, are being combined. It is an error to try to combine a
+    ** changeset and a patchset.  */
     if( pGrp->pList==0 ){
       pGrp->bPatch = pIter->bPatchset;
     }else if( pIter->bPatchset!=pGrp->bPatch ){
@@ -5401,18 +5786,38 @@ static int sessionChangesetToHash(
         pTab->zName = (char*)&pTab->abPK[nCol];
         memcpy(pTab->zName, zNew, nNew+1);
 
+        if( pGrp->db ){
+          pTab->nCol = 0;
+          rc = sessionInitTable(0, pTab, pGrp->db, pGrp->zDb);
+          if( rc ){
+            assert( pTab->azCol==0 );
+            sqlite3_free(pTab);
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+
         /* The new object must be linked on to the end of the list, not
         ** simply added to the start of it. This is to ensure that the
         ** tables within the output of sqlite3changegroup_output() are in 
         ** the right order.  */
         for(ppTab=&pGrp->pList; *ppTab; ppTab=&(*ppTab)->pNext);
         *ppTab = pTab;
-      }else if( pTab->nCol!=nCol || memcmp(pTab->abPK, abPK, nCol) ){
+      }
+
+      if( !sessionChangesetCheckCompat(pTab, nCol, abPK) ){
         rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
         break;
       }
     }
 
+    if( nCol<pTab->nCol ){
+      assert( pGrp->db );
+      rc = sessionChangesetExtendRecord(pGrp, pTab, nCol, op, aRec, nRec, &rec);
+      if( rc ) break;
+      aRec = rec.aBuf;
+      nRec = rec.nBuf;
+    }
+
     if( sessionGrowHash(0, pIter->bPatchset, pTab) ){
       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
       break;
@@ -5450,6 +5855,7 @@ static int sessionChangesetToHash(
     }
   }
 
+  sqlite3_free(rec.aBuf);
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = pIter->rc;
   return rc;
 }
@@ -5536,6 +5942,31 @@ int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp){
   return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** Provide a database schema to the changegroup object.
+*/
+int sqlite3changegroup_schema(
+  sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp, 
+  sqlite3 *db, 
+  const char *zDb
+){
+  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+
+  if( pGrp->pList || pGrp->db ){
+    /* Cannot add a schema after one or more calls to sqlite3changegroup_add(),
+    ** or after sqlite3changegroup_schema() has already been called. */
+    rc = SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  }else{
+    pGrp->zDb = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zDb);
+    if( pGrp->zDb==0 ){
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      pGrp->db = db;
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Add the changeset currently stored in buffer pData, size nData bytes,
 ** to changeset-group p.
@@ -5599,6 +6030,7 @@ int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(
 */
 void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp){
   if( pGrp ){
+    sqlite3_free(pGrp->zDb);
     sessionDeleteTable(0, pGrp->pList);
     sqlite3_free(pGrp);
   }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.h b/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.h
index 1ea90dce..160ea878 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.h
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/sqlite3session.h
@@ -884,6 +884,18 @@ int sqlite3changeset_concat(
 );
 
 
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Upgrade the Schema of a Changeset/Patchset
+*/
+int sqlite3changeset_upgrade(
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  const char *zDb,
+  int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
+  int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
+);
+
+
+
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
 **
@@ -930,6 +942,38 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
 */
 int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
 
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Add a Schema to a Changegroup
+** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup_schema
+**
+** This method may be used to optionally enforce the rule that the changesets
+** added to the changegroup handle must match the schema of database zDb
+** ("main", "temp", or the name of an attached database). If
+** sqlite3changegroup_add() is called to add a changeset that is not compatible
+** with the configured schema, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned and the changegroup
+** object is left in an undefined state.
+**
+** A changeset schema is considered compatible with the database schema in
+** the same way as for sqlite3changeset_apply(). Specifically, for each
+** table in the changeset, there exists a database table with:
+**
+** <ul>
+**   <li> The name identified by the changeset, and
+**   <li> at least as many columns as recorded in the changeset, and
+**   <li> the primary key columns in the same position as recorded in 
+**        the changeset.
+** </ul>
+**
+** The output of the changegroup object always has the same schema as the
+** database nominated using this function. In cases where changesets passed
+** to sqlite3changegroup_add() have fewer columns than the corresponding table
+** in the database schema, these are filled in using the default column
+** values from the database schema. This makes it possible to combined 
+** changesets that have different numbers of columns for a single table
+** within a changegroup, provided that they are otherwise compatible.
+*/
+int sqlite3changegroup_schema(sqlite3_changegroup*, sqlite3*, const char *zDb);
+
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
@@ -998,13 +1042,18 @@ int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
 ** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
 ** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
 ** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
-** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
-** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
-** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
-** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the state
-** of the final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
-**
-** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
+** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. Except, if the changegroup
+** object has been configured with a database schema using the
+** sqlite3changegroup_schema() API, then it is possible to combine changesets
+** with different numbers of columns for a single table, provided that
+** they are otherwise compatible.
+**
+** If the input changeset appears to be corrupt and the corruption is
+** detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition
+** occurs during processing, this function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. 
+**
+** In all cases, if an error occurs the state of the final contents of the
+** changegroup is undefined. If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
 */
 int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
 
@@ -1269,10 +1318,17 @@ int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2(
 **    <li>an insert change if all fields of the conflicting row match
 **        the row being inserted.
 **    </ul>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION <dd>
+**   If this flag it set, then all foreign key constraints in the target
+**   database behave as if they were declared with "ON UPDATE NO ACTION ON
+**   DELETE NO ACTION", even if they are actually CASCADE, RESTRICT, SET NULL
+**   or SET DEFAULT.
 */
 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT   0x0001
 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT        0x0002
 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_IGNORENOOP    0x0004
+#define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION    0x0008
 
 /* 
 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/session/test_session.c b/sqlite/ext/session/test_session.c
index 0836238b..af42351b 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/session/test_session.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/session/test_session.c
@@ -392,7 +392,6 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_session_cmd(
       };
       size_t sz = sizeof(aOpt[0]);
 
-      int rc;
       int iArg;
       int iOpt;
       if( Tcl_GetIndexFromObjStruct(interp,objv[2],aOpt,sz,"option",0,&iOpt) ){
@@ -812,9 +811,12 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI testSqlite3changesetApply(
     while( objc>1 ){
       const char *z1 = Tcl_GetString(objv[1]);
       int n = strlen(z1);
-      if( n>1 && n<=12 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("-nosavepoint", z1, n) ){
+      if( n>3 && n<=12 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("-nosavepoint", z1, n) ){
         flags |= SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT;
       }
+      else if( n>3 && n<=9 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("-noaction", z1, n) ){
+        flags |= SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION;
+      }
       else if( n>2 && n<=7 && 0==sqlite3_strnicmp("-invert", z1, n) ){
         flags |= SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT;
       }
@@ -1452,12 +1454,144 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_sqlite3session_config(
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 
+typedef struct TestChangegroup TestChangegroup;
+struct TestChangegroup {
+  sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
+};
+
+/*
+** Destructor for Tcl changegroup command object.
+*/
+static void test_changegroup_del(void *clientData){
+  TestChangegroup *pGrp = (TestChangegroup*)clientData;
+  sqlite3changegroup_delete(pGrp->pGrp);
+  ckfree(pGrp);
+}
+
+/*
+** Tclcmd:  $changegroup schema DB DBNAME
+** Tclcmd:  $changegroup add CHANGESET
+** Tclcmd:  $changegroup output
+** Tclcmd:  $changegroup delete
+*/
+static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_changegroup_cmd(
+  void * clientData,
+  Tcl_Interp *interp,
+  int objc,
+  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
+){
+  TestChangegroup *p = (TestChangegroup*)clientData;
+  static struct ChangegroupCmd {
+    const char *zSub;
+    int nArg;
+    const char *zMsg;
+    int iSub;
+  } aSub[] = {
+    { "schema",       2, "DB DBNAME",  }, /* 0 */
+    { "add",          1, "CHANGESET",  }, /* 1 */
+    { "output",       0, "",           }, /* 2 */
+    { "delete",       0, "",           }, /* 3 */
+    { 0 }
+  };
+  int rc = TCL_OK;
+  int iSub = 0;
+
+  if( objc<2 ){
+    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "SUBCOMMAND ...");
+    return TCL_ERROR;
+  }
+  rc = Tcl_GetIndexFromObjStruct(interp, 
+      objv[1], aSub, sizeof(aSub[0]), "sub-command", 0, &iSub
+  );
+  if( rc!=TCL_OK ) return rc;
+  if( objc!=2+aSub[iSub].nArg ){
+    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 2, objv, aSub[iSub].zMsg);
+    return TCL_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  switch( iSub ){
+    case 0: {      /* schema */
+      sqlite3 *db = 0;
+      const char *zDb = Tcl_GetString(objv[3]);
+      if( dbHandleFromObj(interp, objv[2], &db) ){
+        return TCL_ERROR;
+      }
+      rc = sqlite3changegroup_schema(p->pGrp, db, zDb);
+      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) rc = test_session_error(interp, rc, 0);
+      break;
+    };
+
+    case 1: {      /* add */
+      int nByte = 0;
+      const u8 *aByte = Tcl_GetByteArrayFromObj(objv[2], &nByte);
+      rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(p->pGrp, nByte, (void*)aByte);
+      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) rc = test_session_error(interp, rc, 0);
+      break;
+    };
+
+    case 2: {      /* output */
+      int nByte = 0;
+      u8 *aByte = 0;
+      rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(p->pGrp, &nByte, (void**)&aByte);
+      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+        rc = test_session_error(interp, rc, 0);
+      }else{
+        Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewByteArrayObj(aByte, nByte));
+      }
+      sqlite3_free(aByte);
+      break;
+    };
+
+    default: {     /* delete */
+      assert( iSub==3 );
+      Tcl_DeleteCommand(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[0]));
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Tclcmd:  sqlite3changegroup CMD
+*/
+static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_sqlite3changegroup(
+  void * clientData,
+  Tcl_Interp *interp,
+  int objc,
+  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
+){
+  int rc;                         /* sqlite3changegroup_new() return code */
+  TestChangegroup *p;             /* New wrapper object */
+
+  if( objc!=2 ){
+    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "CMD");
+    return TCL_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  p = (TestChangegroup*)ckalloc(sizeof(TestChangegroup));
+  memset(p, 0, sizeof(TestChangegroup));
+  rc = sqlite3changegroup_new(&p->pGrp);
+  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+    ckfree((char*)p);
+    return test_session_error(interp, rc, 0);
+  }
+
+  Tcl_CreateObjCommand(
+      interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), test_changegroup_cmd, (ClientData)p,
+      test_changegroup_del
+  );
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, objv[1]);
+  return TCL_OK;
+}
+
 int TestSession_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
   struct Cmd {
     const char *zCmd;
     Tcl_ObjCmdProc *xProc;
   } aCmd[] = {
     { "sqlite3session", test_sqlite3session },
+    { "sqlite3changegroup", test_sqlite3changegroup },
     { "sqlite3session_foreach", test_sqlite3session_foreach },
     { "sqlite3changeset_invert", test_sqlite3changeset_invert },
     { "sqlite3changeset_concat", test_sqlite3changeset_concat },
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/GNUmakefile b/sqlite/ext/wasm/GNUmakefile
index a99513bf..c0cab212 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/GNUmakefile
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/GNUmakefile
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
 #  quick, q = do just a minimal build (sqlite3.js/wasm, tester1) for
 #      faster development-mode turnaround.
 #
-#  qo2, qoz = a combination of quick+o2/oz.
-#
 #  dist = create end user deliverables. Add dist.build=oX to build
 #      with a specific optimization level, where oX is one of the
 #      above-listed o? or qo? target names.
@@ -46,11 +44,12 @@
 #    $(eval), or at least centralize the setup of the numerous vars
 #    related to each build variant $(JS_BUILD_MODES).
 #
+default: all
+#default: quick
 SHELL := $(shell which bash 2>/dev/null)
 MAKEFILE := $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))
 CLEAN_FILES :=
 DISTCLEAN_FILES := ./--dummy--
-default: all
 release: oz
 # JS_BUILD_MODES exists solely to reduce repetition in documentation
 # below.
@@ -68,13 +67,6 @@ ifeq (,$(emcc.version))
 else
   $(info using emcc version [$(emcc.version)])
 endif
-emcc.version := $(shell "$(emcc.bin)" --version | sed -n 1p \
-                  | sed -e 's/^.* \([3-9][^ ]*\) .*$$/\1/;')
-ifeq (,$(emcc.version))
-  $(warning Cannot determine emcc version. This might unduly impact build flags.)
-else
-  $(info using emcc version [$(emcc.version)])
-endif
 
 wasm-strip ?= $(shell which wasm-strip 2>/dev/null)
 ifeq (,$(filter clean,$(MAKECMDGOALS)))
@@ -159,6 +151,9 @@ endif
 # bundle.
 #
 # A custom sqlite3.c must not have any spaces in its name.
+# $(sqlite3.canonical.c) must point to the sqlite3.c in
+# the sqlite3 canonical source tree, as that source file
+# is required for certain utility and test code.
 sqlite3.canonical.c := $(dir.top)/sqlite3.c
 sqlite3.c ?= $(firstword $(wildcard $(dir.top)/sqlite3-see.c) $(sqlite3.canonical.c))
 sqlite3.h := $(dir.top)/sqlite3.h
@@ -184,14 +179,19 @@ SQLITE_OPT = \
   -DSQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED \
   -DSQLITE_OMIT_UTF16 \
   -DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE \
-  -DSQLITE_OMIT_WAL \
   -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 \
-  -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=3 \
+  -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=2 \
   -DSQLITE_OS_KV_OPTIONAL=1 \
   '-DSQLITE_DEFAULT_UNIX_VFS="unix-none"' \
   -DSQLITE_USE_URI=1 \
   -DSQLITE_WASM_ENABLE_C_TESTS \
   -DSQLITE_C=$(sqlite3.c)
+#SQLITE_OPT += -DSQLITE_DEBUG
+# Enabling SQLITE_DEBUG will break sqlite3_wasm_vfs_create_file()
+# (and thus sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file()). Those functions are
+# deprecated and alternatives are in place, but this crash behavior
+# can be used to find errant uses of sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file()
+# in client code.
 
 .NOTPARALLEL: $(sqlite3.h)
 $(sqlite3.h):
@@ -246,10 +246,10 @@ endif
 # embedding in the JS files and in building the distribution zip file.
 # It must NOT be in $(dir.tmp) because we need it to survive the
 # cleanup process for the dist build to work properly.
-bin.version-info := $(dir.wasm)/version-info
-$(bin.version-info): $(dir.wasm)/version-info.c $(sqlite3.h) $(MAKEFILE)
-	$(CC) -O0 -I$(dir $(sqlite3.c)) -o $@ $<
-DISTCLEAN_FILES += $(bin.version-info)
+bin.version-info := $(dir.top)/version-info
+.NOTPARALLEL: $(bin.version-info)
+$(bin.version-info): $(dir.tool)/version-info.c $(sqlite3.h) $(dir.top)/Makefile
+	$(MAKE) -C $(dir.top) version-info
 
 # bin.stripcomments is used for stripping C/C++-style comments from JS
 # files. The JS files contain large chunks of documentation which we
@@ -379,20 +379,17 @@ sqlite3-api.jses += $(dir.api)/sqlite3-api-oo1.js
 sqlite3-api.jses += $(dir.api)/sqlite3-api-worker1.js
 sqlite3-api.jses += $(dir.api)/sqlite3-v-helper.js
 sqlite3-api.jses += $(dir.api)/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js
+sqlite3-api.jses += $(dir.api)/sqlite3-vfs-opfs-sahpool.c-pp.js
 sqlite3-api.jses += $(dir.api)/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js
 
-# "External" API files which are part of our distribution
+# SOAP.js is an external API file which is part of our distribution
 # but not part of the sqlite3-api.js amalgamation.
 SOAP.js := $(dir.api)/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js
-# COPY_XAPI = a $(call)able function to copy $1 to $(dir.dout), where
-# $1 must be one of the "external" JS API files.
-define COPY_XAPI
-sqlite3-api.ext.jses += $$(dir.dout)/$$(notdir $(1))
-$$(dir.dout)/$$(notdir $(1)): $(1) $$(MAKEFILE)
-	cp $$< $$@
-endef
-$(foreach X,$(SOAP.js),\
-  $(eval $(call COPY_XAPI,$(X))))
+SOAP.js.bld := $(dir.dout)/$(notdir $(SOAP.js))
+sqlite3-api.ext.jses += $(SOAP.js.bld)
+$(SOAP.js.bld): $(SOAP.js)
+	cp $< $@
+
 all quick: $(sqlite3-api.ext.jses)
 q: quick
 
@@ -615,26 +612,40 @@ $(post-js.js.in): $(post-jses.js) $(MAKEFILE)
 
 ########################################################################
 # call-make-pre-post is a $(call)able which creates rules for
-# pre-js-$(1).js. $1 = the base name of the JS file on whose behalf
-# this pre-js is for (one of: sqlite3, sqlite3-wasmfs). $2 is the
-# build mode: one of $(JS_BUILD_MODES).  This
-# sets up --[extern-][pre/post]-js flags in
-# $(pre-post-$(1).flags.$(2)) and dependencies in
-# $(pre-post-$(1).deps.$(2)).
+# pre-js-$(1)-$(2).js. $1 = the base name of the JS file on whose
+# behalf this pre-js is for (one of: sqlite3, sqlite3-wasmfs). $2 is
+# the build mode: one of $(JS_BUILD_MODES).  This sets up
+# --[extern-][pre/post]-js flags in $(pre-post-$(1)-$(2).flags) and
+# dependencies in $(pre-post-$(1)-$(2).deps). The resulting files get
+# filtered using $(C-PP.FILTER). Any flags necessary for such
+# filtering need to be set in $(c-pp.D.$(1)-$(2)) before $(call)ing
+# this.
 define call-make-pre-post
-pre-post-$(1).flags.$(2) ?=
-$$(dir.tmp)/pre-js-$(1)-$(2).js: $$(pre-js.js.$(2)) $$(MAKEFILE)
-	cp $$(pre-js.js.$(2)) $$@
+pre-post-$(1)-$(2).flags ?=
+pre-js.js.$(1)-$(2) := $$(dir.tmp)/pre-js.$(1)-$(2).intermediary.js
+$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER,$$(pre-js.js.in),$$(pre-js.js.$(1)-$(2)),$$(c-pp.D.$(1)-$(2))))
+post-js.js.$(1)-$(2) := $$(dir.tmp)/post-js.$(1)-$(2).js
+$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER,$$(post-js.js.in),$$(post-js.js.$(1)-$(2)),$$(c-pp.D.$(1)-$(2))))
+extern-post-js.js.$(1)-$(2) := $$(dir.tmp)/extern-post-js.$(1)-$(2).js
+$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER,$$(extern-post-js.js.in),$$(extern-post-js.js.$(1)-$(2)),$$(c-pp.D.$(1)-$(2))))
+pre-post-common.flags.$(1)-$(2) := \
+  $$(pre-post-common.flags) \
+  --post-js=$$(post-js.js.$(1)-$(2)) \
+  --extern-post-js=$$(extern-post-js.js.$(1)-$(2))
+pre-post-jses.$(1)-$(2).deps := $$(pre-post-jses.deps.common) \
+  $$(post-js.js.$(1)-$(2)) $$(extern-post-js.js.$(1)-$(2))
+$$(dir.tmp)/pre-js-$(1)-$(2).js: $$(pre-js.js.$(1)-$(2)) $$(MAKEFILE)
+	cp $$(pre-js.js.$(1)-$(2)) $$@
 	@if [ sqlite3-wasmfs = $(1) ]; then \
 		echo "delete Module[xNameOfInstantiateWasm] /*for WASMFS build*/;"; \
 	elif [ sqlite3 != $(1) ]; then \
 		echo "Module[xNameOfInstantiateWasm].uri = '$(1).wasm';"; \
 	fi >> $$@
-pre-post-$(1).deps.$(2) := \
-  $$(pre-post-jses.deps.$(2)) \
+pre-post-$(1)-$(2).deps := \
+  $$(pre-post-jses.$(1)-$(2).deps) \
   $$(dir.tmp)/pre-js-$(1)-$(2).js
-pre-post-$(1).flags.$(2) += \
-  $$(pre-post-common.flags.$(2)) \
+pre-post-$(1)-$(2).flags += \
+  $$(pre-post-common.flags.$(1)-$(2)) \
   --pre-js=$$(dir.tmp)/pre-js-$(1)-$(2).js
 endef
 # /post-js and pre-js
@@ -645,7 +656,8 @@ endef
 # https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/issues/14383
 sqlite3.wasm := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3.wasm
 sqlite3-wasm.c := $(dir.api)/sqlite3-wasm.c
-sqlite3-wasm.cses := $(sqlite3-wasm.c) $(sqlite3_wasm_extra_init.c)
+sqlite3-wasm.cfiles := $(sqlite3-wasm.c) $(sqlite3_wasm_extra_init.c)
+sqlite3-wasmfs.cfiles := $(sqlite3-wasm.cfiles)
 # sqlite3-wasm.o vs sqlite3-wasm.c: building against the latter
 # (predictably) results in a slightly faster binary. We're close
 # enough to the target speed requirements that the 500ms makes a
@@ -655,7 +667,8 @@ sqlite3-wasm.cses := $(sqlite3-wasm.c) $(sqlite3_wasm_extra_init.c)
 # SQLITE3.xJS.EXPORT-DEFAULT is part of SQLITE3-WASMFS.xJS.RECIPE and
 # SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE, factored into a separate piece to avoid code
 # duplication. $1 is 1 if the build mode needs this workaround (esm,
-# bundler-friendly) and 0 if not (vanilla).
+# bundler-friendly, node) and 0 if not (vanilla). $2 must be empty for
+# all builds except sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs, in which case it must be 1.
 #
 # Reminder for ESM builds: even if we use -sEXPORT_ES6=0, emcc _still_
 # adds:
@@ -669,13 +682,20 @@ sqlite3-wasm.cses := $(sqlite3-wasm.c) $(sqlite3_wasm_extra_init.c)
 #
 # Upstream RFE:
 # https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/issues/18237
+#
+# Maintenance reminder: Mac sed works differently than GNU sed, so
+# don't use sed for this.
 define SQLITE3.xJS.ESM-EXPORT-DEFAULT
 if [ x1 = x$(1) ]; then \
-		echo "Fragile workaround for an Emscripten annoyance. See SQLITE3.xJS.RECIPE."; \
-		sed -i -e '0,/^export default/{/^export default/d;}' $@ || exit $$?; \
-		if ! grep -q '^export default' $@; then \
-			echo "Cannot find export default." 1>&2; \
-			exit 1; \
+		echo "Fragile workaround for emscripten/issues/18237. See SQLITE3.xJS.RECIPE."; \
+		{\
+			awk '/^export default/ && !f{f=1; next} 1' $@ > $@.tmp && mv $@.tmp $@; \
+		} || exit $$?; \
+		if [ x != x$(2) ]; then \
+			if ! grep -q '^export default' $@; then \
+				echo "Cannot find export default." 1>&2; \
+				exit 1; \
+			fi; \
 		fi; \
 fi
 endef
@@ -695,53 +715,57 @@ pre-post-jses.deps.common := $(extern-pre-js.js) $(sqlite3-license-version.js)
 # SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE is a $(call)'able which sets up numerous pieces
 # for one of the build modes.
 #
-# $1 = build mode name: one of $(JS_BUILD_MODES)
-# $2 = 1 for ESM build mode, else 0
-# $3 = resulting sqlite-api JS/MJS file
-# $4 = resulting JS/MJS file
-# $5 = -D... flags for $(bin.c-pp)
-# $6 = emcc -sXYZ flags (CURRENTLY UNUSED - was factored out)
+# $1 = one of: sqlite3, sqlite3-wasmfs
+# $2 = build mode name: one of $(JS_BUILD_MODES)
+# $3 = 1 for ESM build mode, else 0
+# $4 = resulting sqlite-api JS/MJS file
+# $5 = resulting JS/MJS file
+# $6 = -D... flags for $(bin.c-pp)
+# $7 = emcc -sXYZ flags (CURRENTLY UNUSED - was factored out)
+#
+# Maintenance reminder: be careful not to introduce spaces around args
+# ($1, $2), otherwise string concatenation will malfunction.
 #
-# emcc.environment.$(1) must be set to a value for the -sENVIRONMENT flag.
+# emcc.environment.$(2) must be set to a value for the -sENVIRONMENT flag.
+#
+# $(cflags.$(1)) and $(cflags.$(1).$(2)) may be defined to append
+# CFLAGS to a given build mode.
+#
+# $(emcc.flags.$(1)) and $(emcc.flags.$(1).$(2)) may be defined to
+# append emcc-specific flags to a given build mode.
 define SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE
-$(info Setting up build [$(1)]: $(4))
-c-pp.D.$(1) := $(5)
-pre-js.js.$(1) := $$(dir.tmp)/pre-js.$(1).js
-$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER,$$(pre-js.js.in),$$(pre-js.js.$(1)),$$(c-pp.D.$(1))))
-post-js.js.$(1) := $$(dir.tmp)/post-js.$(1).js
-$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER,$$(post-js.js.in),$$(post-js.js.$(1)),$$(c-pp.D.$(1))))
-extern-post-js.js.$(1) := $$(dir.tmp)/extern-post-js.$(1).js
-$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER,$$(extern-post-js.js.in),$$(extern-post-js.js.$(1)),$$(c-pp.D.$(1))))
-pre-post-common.flags.$(1) := \
-  $$(pre-post-common.flags) \
-  --post-js=$$(post-js.js.$(1)) \
-  --extern-post-js=$$(extern-post-js.js.$(1))
-pre-post-jses.deps.$(1) := $$(pre-post-jses.deps.common) \
-  $$(post-js.js.$(1)) $$(extern-post-js.js.$(1))
-$$(eval $$(call call-make-pre-post,sqlite3,$(1)))
-emcc.flags.sqlite3.$(1) := $(6)
-$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER, $$(sqlite3-api.js.in), $(3), $(5)))
-$(4): $(3) $$(MAKEFILE) $$(sqlite3-wasm.cses) $$(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.api) $$(pre-post-sqlite3.deps.$(1))
+$(info Setting up build [$(1)-$(2)]: $(5))
+c-pp.D.$(1)-$(2) := $(6)
+$$(eval $$(call call-make-pre-post,$(1),$(2)))
+emcc.flags.$(1).$(2) ?=
+emcc.flags.$(1).$(2) += $(7)
+$$(eval $$(call C-PP.FILTER, $$(sqlite3-api.js.in), $(4), $(6)))
+$(5): $(4) $$(MAKEFILE) $$(sqlite3-wasm.cfiles) $$(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.api) $$(pre-post-$(1)-$(2).deps)
 	@echo "Building $$@ ..."
 	$$(emcc.bin) -o $$@ $$(emcc_opt_full) $$(emcc.flags) \
     $$(emcc.jsflags) \
-    -sENVIRONMENT=$$(emcc.environment.$(1)) \
-    $$(pre-post-sqlite3.flags.$(1)) $$(emcc.flags.sqlite3.$(1)) \
-    $$(cflags.common) $$(SQLITE_OPT) $$(cflags.wasm_extra_init) $$(sqlite3-wasm.cses)
-	@$$(call SQLITE3.xJS.ESM-EXPORT-DEFAULT,$(2))
-	@case $(1) in \
+    -sENVIRONMENT=$$(emcc.environment.$(2)) \
+    $$(pre-post-$(1)-$(2).flags) \
+    $$(emcc.flags.$(1)) $$(emcc.flags.$(1).$(2)) \
+    $$(cflags.common) $$(SQLITE_OPT) \
+    $$(cflags.$(1)) $$(cflags.$(1).$(2)) \
+    $$(cflags.wasm_extra_init) $$(sqlite3-wasm.cfiles)
+	@$$(call SQLITE3.xJS.ESM-EXPORT-DEFAULT,$(3))
+	@dotwasm=$$(basename $$@).wasm; \
+	chmod -x $$$$dotwasm; \
+	$(maybe-wasm-strip) $$$$dotwasm; \
+	case $(2) in \
     bundler-friendly|node) \
-      echo "Patching $(3) for sqlite3.wasm..."; \
-      rm -f $$(dir.dout)/sqlite3-$(1).wasm; \
-      sed -i -e 's/sqlite3-$(1).wasm/sqlite3.wasm/g' $$@ || exit $$$$?; \
+      echo "Patching $$@ for $(1).wasm..."; \
+      rm -f $$$$dotwasm; \
+      dotwasm=; \
+      sed -i -e 's/$(1)-$(2).wasm/$(1).wasm/g' $$@ || exit $$$$?; \
       ;; \
-	esac
-	chmod -x $$(sqlite3.wasm)
-	$$(maybe-wasm-strip) $$(sqlite3.wasm)
-	@ls -la $@ $$(sqlite3.wasm)
-all: $(4)
-quick: $(4)
-CLEAN_FILES += $(3) $(4)
+	esac; \
+	ls -la $$$$dotwasm $$@
+all: $(5)
+#quick: $(5)
+CLEAN_FILES += $(4) $(5)
 endef
 # ^^^ /SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE
 ########################################################################
@@ -753,21 +777,24 @@ sqlite3-api-bundler-friendly.mjs := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3-api-bundler-friendly.mjs
 sqlite3-bundler-friendly.mjs := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3-bundler-friendly.mjs
 sqlite3-api-node.mjs := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3-api-node.mjs
 sqlite3-node.mjs := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3-node.mjs
-# Maintenance reminder: careful not to introduce spaces around args $1, $2
-#$(info $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,vanilla,0, $(sqlite3-api.js), $(sqlite3.js)))
-$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,vanilla,0, $(sqlite3-api.js), $(sqlite3.js)))
-$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,esm,1, $(sqlite3-api.mjs), $(sqlite3.mjs), \
+#$(info $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,sqlite3,vanilla,0, $(sqlite3-api.js), $(sqlite3.js)))
+$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,sqlite3,vanilla,0,\
+         $(sqlite3-api.js), $(sqlite3.js)))
+$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,sqlite3,esm,1,\
+         $(sqlite3-api.mjs), $(sqlite3.mjs), \
        -Dtarget=es6-module, -sEXPORT_ES6 -sUSE_ES6_IMPORT_META))
-$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,bundler-friendly,1,\
+$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,sqlite3,bundler-friendly,1,\
        $(sqlite3-api-bundler-friendly.mjs),$(sqlite3-bundler-friendly.mjs),\
-       $(c-pp.D.esm) -Dtarget=es6-bundler-friendly))
-$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,node,1,\
+       $(c-pp.D.sqlite3-esm) -Dtarget=es6-bundler-friendly))
+$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,sqlite3,node,1,\
        $(sqlite3-api-node.mjs),$(sqlite3-node.mjs),\
-       $(c-pp.D.bundler-friendly) -Dtarget=node))
+       $(c-pp.D.sqlite3-bundler-friendly) -Dtarget=node))
 # The various -D... values used by *.c-pp.js include:
 #
 # -Dtarget=es6-module: for all ESM module builds
 #
+# -Dtarget=node: for node.js builds
+#
 # -Dtarget=es6-module -Dtarget=es6-bundler-friendly: intended for
 #    "bundler-friendly" ESM module build. These have some restrictions
 #    on how URL() objects are constructed in some contexts: URLs which
@@ -811,11 +838,11 @@ sqlite3-worker1-bundler-friendly.js := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3-worker1-bundler-frien
 sqlite3-worker1-promiser-bundler-friendly.js := $(dir.dout)/sqlite3-worker1-promiser-bundler-friendly.js
 $(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,$(sqlite3-worker1.js.in),$(sqlite3-worker1.js)))
 $(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,$(sqlite3-worker1.js.in),$(sqlite3-worker1-bundler-friendly.js),\
-    $(c-pp.D.bundler-friendly)))
+    $(c-pp.D.sqlite3-bundler-friendly)))
 $(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,$(sqlite3-worker1-promiser.js.in),$(sqlite3-worker1-promiser.js)))
 $(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,$(sqlite3-worker1-promiser.js.in),\
     $(sqlite3-worker1-promiser-bundler-friendly.js),\
-    $(c-pp.D.bundler-friendly)))
+    $(c-pp.D.sqlite3-bundler-friendly)))
 $(sqlite3-bundler-friendly.mjs): $(sqlite3-worker1-bundler-friendly.js) \
     $(sqlite3-worker1-promiser-bundler-friendly.js)
 $(sqlite3.js) $(sqlite3.mjs): $(sqlite3-worker1.js) $(sqlite3-worker1-promiser.js)
@@ -841,7 +868,7 @@ clean-batch:
 # a regular basis with different -Ox flags and rebuilding the batch
 # pieces each time is an unnecessary time sink.
 batch: batch-runner.list
-all: batch
+#all: batch
 # end batch-runner.js
 ########################################################################
 # Wasmified speedtest1 is our primary benchmarking tool.
@@ -849,7 +876,7 @@ all: batch
 # emcc.speedtest1.common = emcc flags used by multiple builds of speedtest1
 # emcc.speedtest1 = emcc flags used by main build of speedtest1
 emcc.speedtest1.common := $(emcc_opt_full)
-emcc.speedtest1 :=
+emcc.speedtest1 := -I. -I$(dir $(sqlite3.canonical.c))
 emcc.speedtest1 += -sENVIRONMENT=web
 emcc.speedtest1 += -sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH
 emcc.speedtest1 += -sINITIAL_MEMORY=$(emcc.INITIAL_MEMORY.$(emcc.INITIAL_MEMORY))
@@ -892,22 +919,24 @@ $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.speedtest1): $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.api.main)
 	@{ echo _wasm_main; cat $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.api.main); } > $@
 speedtest1.js := $(dir.dout)/speedtest1.js
 speedtest1.wasm := $(dir.dout)/speedtest1.wasm
-cflags.speedtest1 := $(cflags.common) -DSQLITE_SPEEDTEST1_WASM
-speedtest1.cses := $(speedtest1.c) $(sqlite3-wasm.c)
+emcc.flags.speedtest1-vanilla := $(cflags.common) -DSQLITE_SPEEDTEST1_WASM
+
+speedtest1.cfiles := $(speedtest1.c) $(sqlite3-wasm.c)
 $(eval $(call call-make-pre-post,speedtest1,vanilla))
-$(speedtest1.js): $(MAKEFILE) $(speedtest1.cses) \
-    $(pre-post-speedtest1.deps.vanilla) \
+$(speedtest1.js): $(MAKEFILE) $(speedtest1.cfiles) \
+    $(pre-post-speedtest1-vanilla.deps) \
     $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.speedtest1)
 	@echo "Building $@ ..."
 	$(emcc.bin) \
-        $(emcc.speedtest1) -I$(dir $(sqlite3.canonical.c)) \
+        $(emcc.speedtest1) \
         $(emcc.speedtest1.common) \
-        $(cflags.speedtest1) $(pre-post-speedtest1.flags.vanilla) \
+        $(emcc.flags.speedtest1-vanilla) $(pre-post-speedtest1-vanilla.flags) \
         $(SQLITE_OPT) \
         -USQLITE_C -DSQLITE_C=$(sqlite3.canonical.c) \
         $(speedtest1.exit-runtime0) \
-        -o $@ $(speedtest1.cses) -lm
+        -o $@ $(speedtest1.cfiles) -lm
 	$(maybe-wasm-strip) $(speedtest1.wasm)
+	chmod -x $(speedtest1.wasm)
 	ls -la $@ $(speedtest1.wasm)
 
 speedtest1: $(speedtest1.js)
@@ -933,13 +962,14 @@ CLEAN_FILES += $(speedtest1.js) $(speedtest1.wasm)
 #
 # To create those, we filter tester1.c-pp.js with $(bin.c-pp)...
 $(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,tester1.c-pp.js,tester1.js))
-$(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,tester1.c-pp.js,tester1.mjs,$(c-pp.D.esm)))
+$(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,tester1.c-pp.js,tester1.mjs,$(c-pp.D.sqlite3-esm)))
 $(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,tester1.c-pp.html,tester1.html))
-$(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,tester1.c-pp.html,tester1-esm.html,$(c-pp.D.esm)))
+$(eval $(call C-PP.FILTER,tester1.c-pp.html,tester1-esm.html,$(c-pp.D.sqlite3-esm)))
 tester1: tester1.js tester1.mjs tester1.html tester1-esm.html
 # Note that we do not include $(sqlite3-bundler-friendly.mjs) in this
 # because bundlers are client-specific.
 all quick: tester1
+quick: $(sqlite3.js)
 
 ########################################################################
 # Convenience rules to rebuild with various -Ox levels. Much
@@ -959,8 +989,6 @@ o1: clean
 	$(MAKE) -e "emcc_opt=-O1 $(o-xtra)"
 o2: clean
 	$(MAKE) -j2 -e "emcc_opt=-O2 $(o-xtra)"
-qo2: clean
-	$(MAKE) -j2 -e "emcc_opt=-O2 $(o-xtra)" quick
 o3: clean
 	$(MAKE) -e "emcc_opt=-O3 $(o-xtra)"
 os: clean
@@ -968,8 +996,6 @@ os: clean
 	$(MAKE) -e "emcc_opt=-Os $(o-xtra)"
 oz: clean
 	$(MAKE) -j2 -e "emcc_opt=-Oz $(o-xtra)"
-qoz: clean
-	$(MAKE) -j2 -e "emcc_opt=-Oz $(o-xtra)" quick
 
 ########################################################################
 # Sub-makes...
@@ -981,6 +1007,8 @@ include fiddle.make
 ifneq (,$(filter wasmfs,$(MAKECMDGOALS)))
 wasmfs.enable ?= 1
 else
+# Unconditionally enable wasmfs for [dist]clean so that the wasmfs
+# sub-make can clean up.
 wasmfs.enable ?= $(if $(filter %clean,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),1,0)
 endif
 ifeq (1,$(wasmfs.enable))
@@ -1011,8 +1039,7 @@ endif
 # Push files to public wasm-testing.sqlite.org server
 wasm-testing.include = *.js *.mjs *.html \
   ./tests \
-  batch-runner.list \
-  $(dir.dout) $(dir.sql) $(dir.common) $(dir.fiddle) $(dir.jacc)
+  $(dir.dout) $(dir.common) $(dir.fiddle) $(dir.jacc)
 wasm-testing.exclude = sql/speedtest1.sql
 wasm-testing.dir     = /jail/sites/wasm-testing
 wasm-testing.dest   ?= wasm-testing:$(wasm-testing.dir)
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/README.md b/sqlite/ext/wasm/README.md
index e8d66865..0c328310 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/README.md
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/README.md
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ features in the apps which use them.
 
 # Testing on a remote machine that is accessed via SSH
 
-*NB: The following are developer notes, last validated on 2022-08-18*
+*NB: The following are developer notes, last validated on 2023-07-19*
 
   *  Remote: Install git, emsdk, and althttpd
      *  Use a [version of althttpd][althttpd] from
@@ -93,13 +93,14 @@ features in the apps which use them.
   *  Local:  `ssh -L 8180:localhost:8080 remote`
   *  Local:  Point your web-browser at http://localhost:8180/index.html
 
-In order to enable [SharedArrayBuffers](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SharedArrayBuffer),
-the web-browser requires that the two extra Cross-Origin lines be present
-in HTTP reply headers and that the request must come from "localhost".
-Since the web-server is on a different machine from
-the web-broser, the localhost requirement means that the connection must be tunneled
-using SSH.
+In order to enable [SharedArrayBuffer][], the web-browser requires
+that the two extra Cross-Origin lines be present in HTTP reply headers
+and that the request must come from "localhost" (_or_ over an SSL
+connection).  Since the web-server is on a different machine from the
+web-broser, the localhost requirement means that the connection must
+be tunneled using SSH.
 
 
 [emscripten]: https://emscripten.org
 [althttpd]: https://sqlite.org/althttpd
+[SharedArrayBuffer]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SharedArrayBuffer
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/GNUmakefile b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/GNUmakefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8fa12471
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/GNUmakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/this/is/make
+#
+# This makefile compiles SQLTester test files into something
+# we can readily import into JavaScript.
+all:
+
+SHELL := $(shell which bash 2>/dev/null)
+MAKEFILE := $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))
+CLEAN_FILES :=
+DISTCLEAN_FILES := ./--dummy-- *~
+
+test-list.mjs := test-list.mjs
+test-list.mjs.gz := $(test-list.mjs).gz
+CLEAN_FILES += $(test-list.mjs)
+
+tests.dir := $(firstword $(wildcard tests ../../jni/src/tests))
+$(info test script dir=$(tests.dir))
+
+tests.all := $(wildcard $(tests.dir)/*.test)
+
+bin.touint8array := ./touint8array
+$(bin.touint8array): $(bin.touint8array).c $(MAKEFILE)
+	$(CC) -o $@ $<
+CLEAN_FILES += $(bin.touint8array)
+
+ifneq (,$(tests.all))
+$(test-list.mjs): $(bin.touint8array) $(tests.all) $(MAKEFILE)
+	@{\
+		echo 'export default ['; \
+		sep=''; \
+		for f in $(sort $(tests.all)); do \
+			echo -en $$sep'{"name": "'$${f##*/}'", "content":'; \
+			$(bin.touint8array) < $$f; \
+			echo -n '}'; \
+			sep=',\n'; \
+		done; \
+	echo '];'; \
+	} > $@
+	@echo "Created $@"
+$(test-list.mjs.gz): $(test-list.mjs)
+	gzip -c $< > $@
+CLEAN_FILES += $(test-list.mjs.gz)
+all: $(test-list.mjs.gz)
+else
+	@echo "Cannot build $(test-list.mjs) for lack of input test files."; \
+		echo "Symlink ./tests to a directory containing SQLTester-format "; \
+		echo "test scripts named *.test, then try again"; \
+		exit 1
+endif
+
+.PHONY: clean distclean
+clean:
+	-rm -f $(CLEAN_FILES)
+distclean: clean
+	-rm -f $(DISTCLEAN_FILES)
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.mjs b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a72399ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,1339 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-29
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains the main application entry pointer for the JS
+** implementation of the SQLTester framework.
+**
+** This version is not well-documented because it's a direct port of
+** the Java immplementation, which is documented: in the main SQLite3
+** source tree, see ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/tester/SQLite3Tester.java.
+*/
+
+import sqlite3ApiInit from '/jswasm/sqlite3.mjs';
+
+const sqlite3 = await sqlite3ApiInit();
+
+const log = (...args)=>{
+  console.log('SQLTester:',...args);
+};
+
+/**
+   Try to install vfsName as the new default VFS. Once this succeeds
+   (returns true) then it becomes a no-op on future calls. Throws if
+   vfs registration as the default VFS fails but has no side effects
+   if vfsName is not currently registered.
+*/
+const tryInstallVfs = function f(vfsName){
+  if(f.vfsName) return false;
+  const pVfs = sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(vfsName);
+  if(pVfs){
+    log("Installing",'"'+vfsName+'"',"as default VFS.");
+    const rc = sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_register(pVfs, 1);
+    if(rc){
+      sqlite3.SQLite3Error.toss(rc,"While trying to register",vfsName,"vfs.");
+    }
+    f.vfsName = vfsName;
+  }
+  return !!pVfs;
+};
+tryInstallVfs.vfsName = undefined;
+
+if( 0 && globalThis.WorkerGlobalScope ){
+  // Try OPFS storage, if available...
+  if( 0 && sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb ){
+    /* Really slow with these tests */
+    tryInstallVfs("opfs");
+  }
+  if( sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs ){
+    await sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs({
+      clearOnInit: true,
+      initialCapacity: 15,
+      name: 'opfs-SQLTester'
+    }).then(pool=>{
+      tryInstallVfs(pool.vfsName);
+    }).catch(e=>{
+      log("OpfsSAHPool could not load:",e);
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+const wPost = (function(){
+  return (('undefined'===typeof WorkerGlobalScope)
+          ? ()=>{}
+          : (type, payload)=>{
+            postMessage({type, payload});
+          });
+})();
+//log("WorkerGlobalScope",globalThis.WorkerGlobalScope);
+
+// Return a new enum entry value
+const newE = ()=>Object.create(null);
+
+const newObj = (props)=>Object.assign(newE(), props);
+
+/**
+   Modes for how to escape (or not) column values and names from
+   SQLTester.execSql() to the result buffer output.
+*/
+const ResultBufferMode = Object.assign(Object.create(null),{
+  //! Do not append to result buffer
+  NONE: newE(),
+  //! Append output escaped.
+  ESCAPED: newE(),
+  //! Append output as-is
+  ASIS: newE()
+});
+
+/**
+   Modes to specify how to emit multi-row output from
+   SQLTester.execSql() to the result buffer.
+*/
+const ResultRowMode = newObj({
+  //! Keep all result rows on one line, space-separated.
+  ONLINE: newE(),
+  //! Add a newline between each result row.
+  NEWLINE: newE()
+});
+
+class SQLTesterException extends globalThis.Error {
+  constructor(testScript, ...args){
+    if(testScript){
+      super( [testScript.getOutputPrefix()+": ", ...args].join('') );
+    }else{
+      super( args.join('') );
+    }
+    this.name = 'SQLTesterException';
+  }
+  isFatal() { return false; }
+}
+
+SQLTesterException.toss = (...args)=>{
+  throw new SQLTesterException(...args);
+}
+
+class DbException extends SQLTesterException {
+  constructor(testScript, pDb, rc, closeDb=false){
+    super(testScript, "DB error #"+rc+": "+sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_errmsg(pDb));
+    this.name = 'DbException';
+    if( closeDb ) sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_close_v2(pDb);
+  }
+  isFatal() { return true; }
+}
+
+class TestScriptFailed extends SQLTesterException {
+  constructor(testScript, ...args){
+    super(testScript,...args);
+    this.name = 'TestScriptFailed';
+  }
+  isFatal() { return true; }
+}
+
+class UnknownCommand extends SQLTesterException {
+  constructor(testScript, cmdName){
+    super(testScript, cmdName);
+    this.name = 'UnknownCommand';
+  }
+  isFatal() { return true; }
+}
+
+class IncompatibleDirective extends SQLTesterException {
+  constructor(testScript, ...args){
+    super(testScript,...args);
+    this.name = 'IncompatibleDirective';
+  }
+}
+
+//! For throwing where an expression is required.
+const toss = (errType, ...args)=>{
+  throw new errType(...args);
+};
+
+const __utf8Decoder = new TextDecoder();
+const __utf8Encoder = new TextEncoder('utf-8');
+//! Workaround for Util.utf8Decode()
+const __SAB = ('undefined'===typeof globalThis.SharedArrayBuffer)
+      ? function(){} : globalThis.SharedArrayBuffer;
+
+
+/* Frequently-reused regexes. */
+const Rx = newObj({
+  requiredProperties: / REQUIRED_PROPERTIES:[ \t]*(\S.*)\s*$/,
+  scriptModuleName: / SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:[ \t]*(\S+)\s*$/,
+  mixedModuleName: / ((MIXED_)?MODULE_NAME):[ \t]*(\S+)\s*$/,
+  command: /^--(([a-z-]+)( .*)?)$/,
+  //! "Special" characters - we have to escape output if it contains any.
+  special: /[\x00-\x20\x22\x5c\x7b\x7d]/,
+  squiggly: /[{}]/
+});
+
+const Util = newObj({
+  toss,
+
+  unlink: function(fn){
+    return 0==sqlite3.wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(0,fn);
+  },
+
+  argvToString: (list)=>{
+    const m = [...list];
+    m.shift() /* strip command name */;
+    return m.join(" ")
+  },
+
+  utf8Decode: function(arrayBuffer, begin, end){
+    return __utf8Decoder.decode(
+      (arrayBuffer.buffer instanceof __SAB)
+        ? arrayBuffer.slice(begin, end)
+        : arrayBuffer.subarray(begin, end)
+    );
+  },
+
+  utf8Encode: (str)=>__utf8Encoder.encode(str),
+
+  strglob: sqlite3.wasm.xWrap('sqlite3_wasm_SQLTester_strglob','int',
+                              ['string','string'])
+})/*Util*/;
+
+class Outer {
+  #lnBuf = [];
+  #verbosity = 0;
+  #logger = console.log.bind(console);
+
+  constructor(func){
+    if(func) this.setFunc(func);
+  }
+
+  logger(...args){
+    if(args.length){
+      this.#logger = args[0];
+      return this;
+    }
+    return this.#logger;
+  }
+
+  out(...args){
+    if( this.getOutputPrefix && !this.#lnBuf.length ){
+      this.#lnBuf.push(this.getOutputPrefix());
+    }
+    this.#lnBuf.push(...args);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  #outlnImpl(vLevel, ...args){
+    if( this.getOutputPrefix && !this.#lnBuf.length ){
+      this.#lnBuf.push(this.getOutputPrefix());
+    }
+    this.#lnBuf.push(...args,'\n');
+    const msg = this.#lnBuf.join('');
+    this.#lnBuf.length = 0;
+    this.#logger(msg);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  outln(...args){
+    return this.#outlnImpl(0,...args);
+  }
+
+  outputPrefix(){
+    if( 0==arguments.length ){
+      return (this.getOutputPrefix
+              ? (this.getOutputPrefix() ?? '') : '');
+    }else{
+      this.getOutputPrefix = arguments[0];
+      return this;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static #verboseLabel = ["🔈",/*"🔉",*/"🔊","📢"];
+  verboseN(lvl, args){
+    if( this.#verbosity>=lvl ){
+      this.#outlnImpl(lvl, Outer.#verboseLabel[lvl-1],': ',...args);
+    }
+  }
+  verbose1(...args){ return this.verboseN(1,args); }
+  verbose2(...args){ return this.verboseN(2,args); }
+  verbose3(...args){ return this.verboseN(3,args); }
+
+  verbosity(){
+    const rc = this.#verbosity;
+    if(arguments.length) this.#verbosity = +arguments[0];
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+}/*Outer*/
+
+class SQLTester {
+
+  //! Console output utility.
+  #outer = new Outer().outputPrefix( ()=>'SQLTester: ' );
+  //! List of input scripts.
+  #aScripts = [];
+  //! Test input buffer.
+  #inputBuffer = [];
+  //! Test result buffer.
+  #resultBuffer = [];
+  //! Output representation of SQL NULL.
+  #nullView;
+  metrics = newObj({
+    //! Total tests run
+    nTotalTest: 0,
+    //! Total test script files run
+    nTestFile: 0,
+    //! Test-case count for to the current TestScript
+    nTest: 0,
+    //! Names of scripts which were aborted.
+    failedScripts: []
+  });
+  #emitColNames = false;
+  //! True to keep going regardless of how a test fails.
+  #keepGoing = false;
+  #db = newObj({
+    //! The list of available db handles.
+    list: new Array(7),
+    //! Index into this.list of the current db.
+    iCurrentDb: 0,
+    //! Name of the default db, re-created for each script.
+    initialDbName: "test.db",
+    //! Buffer for REQUIRED_PROPERTIES pragmas.
+    initSql: ['select 1;'],
+    //! (sqlite3*) to the current db.
+    currentDb: function(){
+      return this.list[this.iCurrentDb];
+    }
+  });
+
+  constructor(){
+    this.reset();
+  }
+
+  outln(...args){ return this.#outer.outln(...args); }
+  out(...args){ return this.#outer.out(...args); }
+  outer(...args){
+    if(args.length){
+      this.#outer = args[0];
+      return this;
+    }
+    return this.#outer;
+  }
+  verbose1(...args){ return this.#outer.verboseN(1,args); }
+  verbose2(...args){ return this.#outer.verboseN(2,args); }
+  verbose3(...args){ return this.#outer.verboseN(3,args); }
+  verbosity(...args){
+    const rc = this.#outer.verbosity(...args);
+    return args.length ? this : rc;
+  }
+  setLogger(func){
+    this.#outer.logger(func);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  incrementTestCounter(){
+    ++this.metrics.nTotalTest;
+    ++this.metrics.nTest;
+  }
+
+  reset(){
+    this.clearInputBuffer();
+    this.clearResultBuffer();
+    this.#clearBuffer(this.#db.initSql);
+    this.closeAllDbs();
+    this.metrics.nTest = 0;
+    this.#nullView = "nil";
+    this.emitColNames = false;
+    this.#db.iCurrentDb = 0;
+    //this.#db.initSql.push("SELECT 1;");
+  }
+
+  appendInput(line, addNL){
+    this.#inputBuffer.push(line);
+    if( addNL ) this.#inputBuffer.push('\n');
+  }
+  appendResult(line, addNL){
+    this.#resultBuffer.push(line);
+    if( addNL ) this.#resultBuffer.push('\n');
+  }
+  appendDbInitSql(sql){
+    this.#db.initSql.push(sql);
+    if( this.currentDb() ){
+      this.execSql(null, true, ResultBufferMode.NONE, null, sql);
+    }
+  }
+
+  #runInitSql(pDb){
+    let rc = 0;
+    for(const sql of this.#db.initSql){
+      this.#outer.verbose2("RUNNING DB INIT CODE: ",sql);
+      rc = this.execSql(pDb, false, ResultBufferMode.NONE, null, sql);
+      if( rc ) break;
+    }
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+#clearBuffer(buffer){
+    buffer.length = 0;
+    return buffer;
+  }
+
+  clearInputBuffer(){ return this.#clearBuffer(this.#inputBuffer); }
+  clearResultBuffer(){return this.#clearBuffer(this.#resultBuffer); }
+
+  getInputText(){ return this.#inputBuffer.join(''); }
+  getResultText(){ return this.#resultBuffer.join(''); }
+
+  #takeBuffer(buffer){
+    const s = buffer.join('');
+    buffer.length = 0;
+    return s;
+  }
+
+  takeInputBuffer(){
+    return this.#takeBuffer(this.#inputBuffer);
+  }
+  takeResultBuffer(){
+    return this.#takeBuffer(this.#resultBuffer);
+  }
+
+  nullValue(){
+    return (0==arguments.length)
+      ? this.#nullView
+      : (this.#nullView = ''+arguments[0]);
+  }
+
+  outputColumnNames(){
+    return (0==arguments.length)
+      ? this.#emitColNames
+      : (this.#emitColNames = !!arguments[0]);
+  }
+
+  currentDbId(){
+    return (0==arguments.length)
+      ? this.#db.iCurrentDb
+      : (this.#affirmDbId(arguments[0]).#db.iCurrentDb = arguments[0]);
+  }
+
+  #affirmDbId(id){
+    if(id<0 || id>=this.#db.list.length){
+      toss(SQLTesterException, "Database index ",id," is out of range.");
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  currentDb(...args){
+    if( 0!=args.length ){
+      this.#affirmDbId(id).#db.iCurrentDb = id;
+    }
+    return this.#db.currentDb();
+  }
+
+  getDbById(id){
+    return this.#affirmDbId(id).#db.list[id];
+  }
+
+  getCurrentDb(){ return this.#db.list[this.#db.iCurrentDb]; }
+
+
+  closeDb(id) {
+    if( 0==arguments.length ){
+      id = this.#db.iCurrentDb;
+    }
+    const pDb = this.#affirmDbId(id).#db.list[id];
+    if( pDb ){
+      sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_close_v2(pDb);
+      this.#db.list[id] = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  closeAllDbs(){
+    for(let i = 0; i<this.#db.list.length; ++i){
+      if(this.#db.list[i]){
+        sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_close_v2(this.#db.list[i]);
+        this.#db.list[i] = null;
+      }
+    }
+    this.#db.iCurrentDb = 0;
+  }
+
+  openDb(name, createIfNeeded){
+    if( 3===arguments.length ){
+      const slot = arguments[0];
+      this.#affirmDbId(slot).#db.iCurrentDb = slot;
+      name = arguments[1];
+      createIfNeeded = arguments[2];
+    }
+    this.closeDb();
+    const capi = sqlite3.capi, wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
+    let pDb = 0;
+    let flags = capi.SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE;
+    if( createIfNeeded ) flags |= capi.SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+    try{
+      let rc;
+      wasm.pstack.call(function(){
+        let ppOut = wasm.pstack.allocPtr();
+        rc = sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_open_v2(name, ppOut, flags, null);
+        pDb = wasm.peekPtr(ppOut);
+      });
+      let sql;
+      if( 0==rc && this.#db.initSql.length > 0){
+        rc = this.#runInitSql(pDb);
+      }
+      if( 0!=rc ){
+        sqlite3.SQLite3Error.toss(
+          rc,
+          "sqlite3 result code",rc+":",
+          (pDb ? sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_errmsg(pDb)
+           : sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_errstr(rc))
+        );
+      }
+      return this.#db.list[this.#db.iCurrentDb] = pDb;
+    }catch(e){
+      sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_close_v2(pDb);
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  addTestScript(ts){
+    if( 2===arguments.length ){
+      ts = new TestScript(arguments[0], arguments[1]);
+    }else if(ts instanceof Uint8Array){
+      ts = new TestScript('<unnamed>', ts);
+    }else if('string' === typeof arguments[1]){
+      ts = new TestScript('<unnamed>', Util.utf8Encode(arguments[1]));
+    }
+    if( !(ts instanceof TestScript) ){
+      Util.toss(SQLTesterException, "Invalid argument type for addTestScript()");
+    }
+    this.#aScripts.push(ts);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  runTests(){
+    const tStart = (new Date()).getTime();
+    let isVerbose = this.verbosity();
+    this.metrics.failedScripts.length = 0;
+    this.metrics.nTotalTest = 0;
+    this.metrics.nTestFile = 0;
+    for(const ts of this.#aScripts){
+      this.reset();
+      ++this.metrics.nTestFile;
+      let threw = false;
+      const timeStart = (new Date()).getTime();
+      let msgTail = '';
+      try{
+        ts.run(this);
+      }catch(e){
+        if(e instanceof SQLTesterException){
+          threw = true;
+          this.outln("🔥EXCEPTION: ",e);
+          this.metrics.failedScripts.push({script: ts.filename(), message:e.toString()});
+          if( this.#keepGoing ){
+            this.outln("Continuing anyway because of the keep-going option.");
+          }else if( e.isFatal() ){
+            throw e;
+          }
+        }else{
+          throw e;
+        }
+      }finally{
+        const timeEnd = (new Date()).getTime();
+        this.out("🏁", (threw ? "❌" : "✅"), " ",
+                 this.metrics.nTest, " test(s) in ",
+                 (timeEnd-timeStart),"ms. ");
+        const mod = ts.moduleName();
+        if( mod ){
+          this.out( "[",mod,"] " );
+        }
+        this.outln(ts.filename());
+      }
+    }
+    const tEnd = (new Date()).getTime();
+    Util.unlink(this.#db.initialDbName);
+    this.outln("Took ",(tEnd-tStart),"ms. Test count = ",
+               this.metrics.nTotalTest,", script count = ",
+               this.#aScripts.length,(
+                 this.metrics.failedScripts.length
+                   ? ", failed scripts = "+this.metrics.failedScripts.length
+                   : ""
+               )
+              );
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  #setupInitialDb(){
+    if( !this.#db.list[0] ){
+      Util.unlink(this.#db.initialDbName);
+      this.openDb(0, this.#db.initialDbName, true);
+    }else{
+      this.#outer.outln("WARNING: setupInitialDb() was unexpectedly ",
+                        "triggered while it is opened.");
+    }
+  }
+
+  #escapeSqlValue(v){
+    if( !v ) return "{}";
+    if( !Rx.special.test(v) ){
+      return v  /* no escaping needed */;
+    }
+    if( !Rx.squiggly.test(v) ){
+      return "{"+v+"}";
+    }
+    const sb = ["\""];
+    const n = v.length;
+    for(let i = 0; i < n; ++i){
+      const ch = v.charAt(i);
+      switch(ch){
+        case '\\': sb.push("\\\\"); break;
+        case '"': sb.push("\\\""); break;
+        default:{
+          //verbose("CHAR ",(int)ch," ",ch," octal=",String.format("\\%03o", (int)ch));
+          const ccode = ch.charCodeAt(i);
+          if( ccode < 32 ) sb.push('\\',ccode.toString(8),'o');
+          else sb.push(ch);
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    sb.append("\"");
+    return sb.join('');
+  }
+
+  #appendDbErr(pDb, sb, rc){
+    sb.push(sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_js_rc_str(rc), ' ');
+    const msg = this.#escapeSqlValue(sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_errmsg(pDb));
+    if( '{' === msg.charAt(0) ){
+      sb.push(msg);
+    }else{
+      sb.push('{', msg, '}');
+    }
+  }
+
+  #checkDbRc(pDb,rc){
+    sqlite3.oo1.DB.checkRc(pDb, rc);
+  }
+
+  execSql(pDb, throwOnError, appendMode, rowMode, sql){
+    if( !pDb && !this.#db.list[0] ){
+      this.#setupInitialDb();
+    }
+    if( !pDb ) pDb = this.#db.currentDb();
+    const wasm = sqlite3.wasm, capi = sqlite3.capi;
+    sql = (sql instanceof Uint8Array)
+      ? sql
+      : Util.utf8Encode(capi.sqlite3_js_sql_to_string(sql));
+    const self = this;
+    const sb = (ResultBufferMode.NONE===appendMode) ? null : this.#resultBuffer;
+    let rc = 0;
+    wasm.scopedAllocCall(function(){
+      let sqlByteLen = sql.byteLength;
+      const ppStmt = wasm.scopedAlloc(
+        /* output (sqlite3_stmt**) arg and pzTail */
+        (2 * wasm.ptrSizeof) + (sqlByteLen + 1/* SQL + NUL */)
+      );
+      const pzTail = ppStmt + wasm.ptrSizeof /* final arg to sqlite3_prepare_v2() */;
+      let pSql = pzTail + wasm.ptrSizeof;
+      const pSqlEnd = pSql + sqlByteLen;
+      wasm.heap8().set(sql, pSql);
+      wasm.poke8(pSql + sqlByteLen, 0/*NUL terminator*/);
+      let pos = 0, n = 1, spacing = 0;
+      while( pSql && wasm.peek8(pSql) ){
+        wasm.pokePtr([ppStmt, pzTail], 0);
+        rc = capi.sqlite3_prepare_v3(
+          pDb, pSql, sqlByteLen, 0, ppStmt, pzTail
+        );
+        if( 0!==rc ){
+          if(throwOnError){
+            throw new DbException(self, pDb, rc);
+          }else if( sb ){
+            self.#appendDbErr(pDb, sb, rc);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+        const pStmt = wasm.peekPtr(ppStmt);
+        pSql = wasm.peekPtr(pzTail);
+        sqlByteLen = pSqlEnd - pSql;
+        if(!pStmt) continue /* only whitespace or comments */;
+        if( sb ){
+          const nCol = capi.sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
+          let colName, val;
+          while( capi.SQLITE_ROW === (rc = capi.sqlite3_step(pStmt)) ) {
+            for( let i=0; i < nCol; ++i ){
+              if( spacing++ > 0 ) sb.push(' ');
+              if( self.#emitColNames ){
+                colName = capi.sqlite3_column_name(pStmt, i);
+                switch(appendMode){
+                  case ResultBufferMode.ASIS: sb.push( colName ); break;
+                  case ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED:
+                    sb.push( self.#escapeSqlValue(colName) );
+                    break;
+                  default:
+                    self.toss("Unhandled ResultBufferMode.");
+                }
+                sb.push(' ');
+              }
+              val = capi.sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, i);
+              if( null===val ){
+                sb.push( self.#nullView );
+                continue;
+              }
+              switch(appendMode){
+                case ResultBufferMode.ASIS: sb.push( val ); break;
+                case ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED:
+                  sb.push( self.#escapeSqlValue(val) );
+                  break;
+              }
+            }/* column loop */
+          }/* row loop */
+          if( ResultRowMode.NEWLINE === rowMode ){
+            spacing = 0;
+            sb.push('\n');
+          }
+        }else{ // no output but possibly other side effects
+          while( capi.SQLITE_ROW === (rc = capi.sqlite3_step(pStmt)) ) {}
+        }
+        capi.sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+        if( capi.SQLITE_ROW===rc || capi.SQLITE_DONE===rc) rc = 0;
+        else if( rc!=0 ){
+          if( sb ){
+            self.#appendDbErr(db, sb, rc);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }/* SQL script loop */;
+    })/*scopedAllocCall()*/;
+    return rc;
+  }
+
+}/*SQLTester*/
+
+class Command {
+  constructor(){
+  }
+
+  process(sqlTester,testScript,argv){
+    SQLTesterException.toss("process() must be overridden");
+  }
+
+  argcCheck(testScript,argv,min,max){
+    const argc = argv.length-1;
+    if(argc<min || (max>=0 && argc>max)){
+      if( min==max ){
+        testScript.toss(argv[0]," requires exactly ",min," argument(s)");
+      }else if(max>0){
+        testScript.toss(argv[0]," requires ",min,"-",max," arguments.");
+      }else{
+        testScript.toss(argv[0]," requires at least ",min," arguments.");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+class Cursor {
+  src;
+  sb = [];
+  pos = 0;
+  //! Current line number. Starts at 0 for internal reasons and will
+  // line up with 1-based reality once parsing starts.
+  lineNo = 0 /* yes, zero */;
+  //! Putback value for this.pos.
+  putbackPos = 0;
+  //! Putback line number
+  putbackLineNo = 0;
+  //! Peeked-to pos, used by peekLine() and consumePeeked().
+  peekedPos = 0;
+  //! Peeked-to line number.
+  peekedLineNo = 0;
+
+  constructor(){
+  }
+
+  //! Restore parsing state to the start of the stream.
+  rewind(){
+    this.sb.length = this.pos = this.lineNo
+      = this.putbackPos = this.putbackLineNo
+      = this.peekedPos = this.peekedLineNo = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+class TestScript {
+  #cursor = new Cursor();
+  #moduleName = null;
+  #filename = null;
+  #testCaseName = null;
+  #outer = new Outer().outputPrefix( ()=>this.getOutputPrefix()+': ' );
+
+  constructor(...args){
+    let content, filename;
+    if( 2 == args.length ){
+      filename = args[0];
+      content = args[1];
+    }else if( 1 == args.length ){
+      if(args[0] instanceof Object){
+        const o = args[0];
+        filename = o.name;
+        content = o.content;
+      }else{
+        content = args[0];
+      }
+    }
+    if(!(content instanceof Uint8Array)){
+      if('string' === typeof content){
+        content = Util.utf8Encode(content);
+      }else if((content instanceof ArrayBuffer)
+               ||(content instanceof Array)){
+        content = new Uint8Array(content);
+      }else{
+        toss(Error, "Invalid content type for TestScript constructor.");
+      }
+    }
+    this.#filename = filename;
+    this.#cursor.src = content;
+  }
+
+  moduleName(){
+    return (0==arguments.length)
+      ? this.#moduleName : (this.#moduleName = arguments[0]);
+  }
+
+  testCaseName(){
+    return (0==arguments.length)
+      ? this.#testCaseName : (this.#testCaseName = arguments[0]);
+  }
+  filename(){
+    return (0==arguments.length)
+      ? this.#filename : (this.#filename = arguments[0]);
+  }
+
+  getOutputPrefix() {
+    let rc =  "["+(this.#moduleName || '<unnamed>')+"]";
+    if( this.#testCaseName ) rc += "["+this.#testCaseName+"]";
+    if( this.#filename ) rc += '['+this.#filename+']';
+    return rc + " line "+ this.#cursor.lineNo;
+  }
+
+  reset(){
+    this.#testCaseName = null;
+    this.#cursor.rewind();
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  toss(...args){
+    throw new TestScriptFailed(this,...args);
+  }
+
+  verbose1(...args){ return this.#outer.verboseN(1,args); }
+  verbose2(...args){ return this.#outer.verboseN(2,args); }
+  verbose3(...args){ return this.#outer.verboseN(3,args); }
+  verbosity(...args){
+    const rc = this.#outer.verbosity(...args);
+    return args.length ? this : rc;
+  }
+
+  #checkRequiredProperties(tester, props){
+    if(true) return false;
+    let nOk = 0;
+    for(const rp of props){
+      this.verbose2("REQUIRED_PROPERTIES: ",rp);
+      switch(rp){
+        case "RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS":
+          tester.appendDbInitSql("pragma recursive_triggers=on;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "TEMPSTORE_FILE":
+          /* This _assumes_ that the lib is built with SQLITE_TEMP_STORE=1 or 2,
+             which we just happen to know is the case */
+          tester.appendDbInitSql("pragma temp_store=1;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "TEMPSTORE_MEM":
+          /* This _assumes_ that the lib is built with SQLITE_TEMP_STORE=1 or 2,
+             which we just happen to know is the case */
+          tester.appendDbInitSql("pragma temp_store=0;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "AUTOVACUUM":
+          tester.appendDbInitSql("pragma auto_vacuum=full;");
+          ++nOk;
+          break;
+        case "INCRVACUUM":
+          tester.appendDbInitSql("pragma auto_vacuum=incremental;");
+          ++nOk;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+    return props.length == nOk;
+  }
+
+  #checkForDirective(tester,line){
+    if(line.startsWith("#")){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "C-preprocessor input: "+line);
+    }else if(line.startsWith("---")){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "triple-dash: ",line);
+    }
+    let m = Rx.scriptModuleName.exec(line);
+    if( m ){
+      this.#moduleName = m[1];
+      return;
+    }
+    m = Rx.requiredProperties.exec(line);
+    if( m ){
+      const rp = m[1];
+      if( !this.#checkRequiredProperties( tester, rp.split(/\s+/).filter(v=>!!v) ) ){
+        throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "REQUIRED_PROPERTIES: "+rp);
+      }
+    }
+
+    m = Rx.mixedModuleName.exec(line);
+    if( m ){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, m[1]+": "+m[3]);
+    }
+    if( line.indexOf("\n|")>=0 ){
+      throw new IncompatibleDirective(this, "newline-pipe combination.");
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  #getCommandArgv(line){
+    const m = Rx.command.exec(line);
+    return m ? m[1].trim().split(/\s+/) : null;
+  }
+
+
+  #isCommandLine(line, checkForImpl){
+    let m = Rx.command.exec(line);
+    if( m && checkForImpl ){
+      m = !!CommandDispatcher.getCommandByName(m[2]);
+    }
+    return !!m;
+  }
+
+  fetchCommandBody(tester){
+    const sb = [];
+    let line;
+    while( (null !== (line = this.peekLine())) ){
+      this.#checkForDirective(tester, line);
+      if( this.#isCommandLine(line, true) ) break;
+      sb.push(line,"\n");
+      this.consumePeeked();
+    }
+    line = sb.join('');
+    return !!line.trim() ? line : null;
+  }
+
+  run(tester){
+    this.reset();
+    this.#outer.verbosity( tester.verbosity() );
+    this.#outer.logger( tester.outer().logger() );
+    let line, directive, argv = [];
+    while( null != (line = this.getLine()) ){
+      this.verbose3("run() input line: ",line);
+      this.#checkForDirective(tester, line);
+      argv = this.#getCommandArgv(line);
+      if( argv ){
+        this.#processCommand(tester, argv);
+        continue;
+      }
+      tester.appendInput(line,true);
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  #processCommand(tester, argv){
+    this.verbose2("processCommand(): ",argv[0], " ", Util.argvToString(argv));
+    if(this.#outer.verbosity()>1){
+      const input = tester.getInputText();
+      this.verbose3("processCommand() input buffer = ",input);
+    }
+    CommandDispatcher.dispatch(tester, this, argv);
+  }
+
+  getLine(){
+    const cur = this.#cursor;
+    if( cur.pos==cur.src.byteLength ){
+      return null/*EOF*/;
+    }
+    cur.putbackPos = cur.pos;
+    cur.putbackLineNo = cur.lineNo;
+    cur.sb.length = 0;
+    let b = 0, prevB = 0, i = cur.pos;
+    let doBreak = false;
+    let nChar = 0 /* number of bytes in the aChar char */;
+    const end = cur.src.byteLength;
+    for(; i < end && !doBreak; ++i){
+      b = cur.src[i];
+      switch( b ){
+        case 13/*CR*/: continue;
+        case 10/*NL*/:
+          ++cur.lineNo;
+          if(cur.sb.length>0) doBreak = true;
+          // Else it's an empty string
+          break;
+        default:{
+          /* Multi-byte chars need to be gathered up and appended at
+             one time so that we can get them as string objects. */
+          nChar = 1;
+          switch( b & 0xF0 ){
+            case 0xC0: nChar = 2; break;
+            case 0xE0: nChar = 3; break;
+            case 0xF0: nChar = 4; break;
+            default:
+              if( b > 127 ) this.toss("Invalid character (#"+b+").");
+              break;
+          }
+          if( 1==nChar ){
+            cur.sb.push(String.fromCharCode(b));
+          }else{
+            const aChar = [] /* multi-byte char buffer */;
+            for(let x = 0; (x < nChar) && (i+x < end); ++x) aChar[x] = cur.src[i+x];
+            cur.sb.push(
+              Util.utf8Decode( new Uint8Array(aChar) )
+            );
+            i += nChar-1;
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    cur.pos = i;
+    const rv = cur.sb.join('');
+    if( i==cur.src.byteLength && 0==rv.length ){
+      return null /* EOF */;
+    }
+    return rv;
+  }/*getLine()*/
+
+  /**
+     Fetches the next line then resets the cursor to its pre-call
+     state. consumePeeked() can be used to consume this peeked line
+     without having to re-parse it.
+  */
+  peekLine(){
+    const cur = this.#cursor;
+    const oldPos = cur.pos;
+    const oldPB = cur.putbackPos;
+    const oldPBL = cur.putbackLineNo;
+    const oldLine = cur.lineNo;
+    try {
+      return this.getLine();
+    }finally{
+      cur.peekedPos = cur.pos;
+      cur.peekedLineNo = cur.lineNo;
+      cur.pos = oldPos;
+      cur.lineNo = oldLine;
+      cur.putbackPos = oldPB;
+      cur.putbackLineNo = oldPBL;
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+     Only valid after calling peekLine() and before calling getLine().
+     This places the cursor to the position it would have been at had
+     the peekLine() had been fetched with getLine().
+  */
+  consumePeeked(){
+    const cur = this.#cursor;
+    cur.pos = cur.peekedPos;
+    cur.lineNo = cur.peekedLineNo;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Restores the cursor to the position it had before the previous
+     call to getLine().
+  */
+  putbackLine(){
+    const cur = this.#cursor;
+    cur.pos = cur.putbackPos;
+    cur.lineNo = cur.putbackLineNo;
+  }
+
+}/*TestScript*/;
+
+//! --close command
+class CloseDbCommand extends Command {
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,0,1);
+    let id;
+    if(argv.length>1){
+      const arg = argv[1];
+      if( "all" === arg ){
+        t.closeAllDbs();
+        return;
+      }
+      else{
+        id = parseInt(arg);
+      }
+    }else{
+      id = t.currentDbId();
+    }
+    t.closeDb(id);
+  }
+}
+
+//! --column-names command
+class ColumnNamesCommand extends Command {
+  process( st, ts, argv ){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    st.outputColumnNames( !!parseInt(argv[1]) );
+  }
+}
+
+//! --db command
+class DbCommand extends Command {
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    t.currentDbId( parseInt(argv[1]) );
+  }
+}
+
+//! --glob command
+class GlobCommand extends Command {
+  #negate = false;
+  constructor(negate=false){
+    super();
+    this.#negate = negate;
+  }
+
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,1,-1);
+    t.incrementTestCounter();
+    const sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    let rc = t.execSql(null, true, ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED,
+                       ResultRowMode.ONELINE, sql);
+    const result = t.getResultText();
+    const sArgs = Util.argvToString(argv);
+    //t2.verbose2(argv[0]," rc = ",rc," result buffer:\n", result,"\nargs:\n",sArgs);
+    const glob = Util.argvToString(argv);
+    rc = Util.strglob(glob, result);
+    if( (this.#negate && 0===rc) || (!this.#negate && 0!==rc) ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " mismatch: ", glob," vs input: ",result);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --notglob command
+class NotGlobCommand extends GlobCommand {
+  constructor(){super(true);}
+}
+
+//! --open command
+class OpenDbCommand extends Command {
+  #createIfNeeded = false;
+  constructor(createIfNeeded=false){
+    super();
+    this.#createIfNeeded = createIfNeeded;
+  }
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    t.openDb(argv[1], this.#createIfNeeded);
+  }
+}
+
+//! --new command
+class NewDbCommand extends OpenDbCommand {
+  constructor(){ super(true); }
+}
+
+//! Placeholder dummy/no-op commands
+class NoopCommand extends Command {
+  process(t, ts, argv){}
+}
+
+//! --null command
+class NullCommand extends Command {
+  process(st, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    st.nullValue( argv[1] );
+  }
+}
+
+//! --print command
+class PrintCommand extends Command {
+  process(st, ts, argv){
+    st.out(ts.getOutputPrefix(),': ');
+    if( 1==argv.length ){
+      st.out( st.getInputText() );
+    }else{
+      st.outln( Util.argvToString(argv) );
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --result command
+class ResultCommand extends Command {
+  #bufferMode;
+  constructor(resultBufferMode = ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED){
+    super();
+    this.#bufferMode = resultBufferMode;
+  }
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,0,-1);
+    t.incrementTestCounter();
+    const sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    //ts.verbose2(argv[0]," SQL =\n",sql);
+    t.execSql(null, false, this.#bufferMode, ResultRowMode.ONELINE, sql);
+    const result = t.getResultText().trim();
+    const sArgs = argv.length>1 ? Util.argvToString(argv) : "";
+    if( result !== sArgs ){
+      t.outln(argv[0]," FAILED comparison. Result buffer:\n",
+              result,"\nExpected result:\n",sArgs);
+      ts.toss(argv[0]+" comparison failed.");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --json command
+class JsonCommand extends ResultCommand {
+  constructor(){ super(ResultBufferMode.ASIS); }
+}
+
+//! --run command
+class RunCommand extends Command {
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,0,1);
+    const pDb = (1==argv.length)
+      ? t.currentDb() : t.getDbById( parseInt(argv[1]) );
+    const sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    const rc = t.execSql(pDb, false, ResultBufferMode.NONE,
+                       ResultRowMode.ONELINE, sql);
+    if( 0!==rc && t.verbosity()>0 ){
+      const msg = sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_errmsg(pDb);
+      ts.verbose2(argv[0]," non-fatal command error #",rc,": ",
+                  msg,"\nfor SQL:\n",sql);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --tableresult command
+class TableResultCommand extends Command {
+  #jsonMode;
+  constructor(jsonMode=false){
+    super();
+    this.#jsonMode = jsonMode;
+  }
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,0);
+    t.incrementTestCounter();
+    let body = ts.fetchCommandBody(t);
+    if( null===body ) ts.toss("Missing ",argv[0]," body.");
+    body = body.trim();
+    if( !body.endsWith("\n--end") ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " must be terminated with --end\\n");
+    }else{
+      body = body.substring(0, body.length-6);
+    }
+    const globs = body.split(/\s*\n\s*/);
+    if( globs.length < 1 ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " requires 1 or more ",
+              (this.#jsonMode ? "json snippets" : "globs"),".");
+    }
+    const sql = t.takeInputBuffer();
+    t.execSql(null, true,
+              this.#jsonMode ? ResultBufferMode.ASIS : ResultBufferMode.ESCAPED,
+              ResultRowMode.NEWLINE, sql);
+    const rbuf = t.getResultText().trim();
+    const res = rbuf.split(/\r?\n/);
+    if( res.length !== globs.length ){
+      ts.toss(argv[0], " failure: input has ", res.length,
+              " row(s) but expecting ",globs.length);
+    }
+    for(let i = 0; i < res.length; ++i){
+      const glob = globs[i].replaceAll(/\s+/g," ").trim();
+      //ts.verbose2(argv[0]," <<",glob,">> vs <<",res[i],">>");
+      if( this.#jsonMode ){
+        if( glob!==res[i] ){
+          ts.toss(argv[0], " json <<",glob, ">> does not match: <<",
+                  res[i],">>");
+        }
+      }else if( 0!=Util.strglob(glob, res[i]) ){
+        ts.toss(argv[0], " glob <<",glob,">> does not match: <<",res[i],">>");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//! --json-block command
+class JsonBlockCommand extends TableResultCommand {
+  constructor(){ super(true); }
+}
+
+//! --testcase command
+class TestCaseCommand extends Command {
+  process(tester, script, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(script, argv,1);
+    script.testCaseName(argv[1]);
+    tester.clearResultBuffer();
+    tester.clearInputBuffer();
+  }
+}
+
+
+//! --verbosity command
+class VerbosityCommand extends Command {
+  process(t, ts, argv){
+    this.argcCheck(ts,argv,1);
+    ts.verbosity( parseInt(argv[1]) );
+  }
+}
+
+class CommandDispatcher {
+  static map = newObj();
+
+  static getCommandByName(name){
+    let rv = CommandDispatcher.map[name];
+    if( rv ) return rv;
+    switch(name){
+      case "close":        rv = new CloseDbCommand(); break;
+      case "column-names": rv = new ColumnNamesCommand(); break;
+      case "db":           rv = new DbCommand(); break;
+      case "glob":         rv = new GlobCommand(); break;
+      case "json":         rv = new JsonCommand(); break;
+      case "json-block":   rv = new JsonBlockCommand(); break;
+      case "new":          rv = new NewDbCommand(); break;
+      case "notglob":      rv = new NotGlobCommand(); break;
+      case "null":         rv = new NullCommand(); break;
+      case "oom":          rv = new NoopCommand(); break;
+      case "open":         rv = new OpenDbCommand(); break;
+      case "print":        rv = new PrintCommand(); break;
+      case "result":       rv = new ResultCommand(); break;
+      case "run":          rv = new RunCommand(); break;
+      case "tableresult":  rv = new TableResultCommand(); break;
+      case "testcase":     rv = new TestCaseCommand(); break;
+      case "verbosity":    rv = new VerbosityCommand(); break;
+    }
+    if( rv ){
+      CommandDispatcher.map[name] = rv;
+    }
+    return rv;
+  }
+
+  static dispatch(tester, testScript, argv){
+    const cmd = CommandDispatcher.getCommandByName(argv[0]);
+    if( !cmd ){
+      toss(UnknownCommand,testScript,argv[0]);
+    }
+    cmd.process(tester, testScript, argv);
+  }
+}/*CommandDispatcher*/
+
+const namespace = newObj({
+  Command,
+  DbException,
+  IncompatibleDirective,
+  Outer,
+  SQLTester,
+  SQLTesterException,
+  TestScript,
+  TestScriptFailed,
+  UnknownCommand,
+  Util,
+  sqlite3
+});
+
+export {namespace as default};
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.run.mjs b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.run.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..735fe4dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.run.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-29
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a test application for SQLTester.js.
+*/
+import {default as ns} from './SQLTester.mjs';
+import {default as allTests} from './test-list.mjs';
+
+globalThis.sqlite3 = ns.sqlite3;
+const log = function f(...args){
+  console.log('SQLTester.run:',...args);
+  return f;
+};
+
+const out = function f(...args){ return f.outer.out(...args) };
+out.outer = new ns.Outer();
+out.outer.getOutputPrefix = ()=>'SQLTester.run: ';
+const outln = (...args)=>{ return out.outer.outln(...args) };
+
+const affirm = function(expr, msg){
+  if( !expr ){
+    throw new Error(arguments[1]
+                    ? ("Assertion failed: "+arguments[1])
+                    : "Assertion failed");
+  }
+}
+
+let ts = new ns.TestScript('/foo.test',`
+/*
+** This is a comment. There are many like it but this one is mine.
+**
+** SCRIPT_MODULE_NAME:      sanity-check-0
+** xMIXED_MODULE_NAME:       mixed-module
+** xMODULE_NAME:             module-name
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      small fast reliable
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      TEMPSTORE_FILE TEMPSTORE_MEM
+** xREQUIRED_PROPERTIES:      AUTOVACUUM INCRVACUUM
+**
+*/
+/* --verbosity 3 */
+/* ---must-fail */
+/* # must fail */
+/* --verbosity 0 */
+--print Hello, world.
+--close all
+--oom
+--db 0
+--new my.db
+--null zilch
+--testcase 1.0
+SELECT 1, null;
+--result 1 zilch
+--glob *zil*
+--notglob *ZIL*
+SELECT 1, 2;
+intentional error;
+--run
+/* ---intentional-failure */
+--testcase json-1
+SELECT json_array(1,2,3)
+--json [1,2,3]
+--testcase tableresult-1
+  select 1, 'a';
+  select 2, 'b';
+--tableresult
+  # [a-z]
+  2 b
+--end
+--testcase json-block-1
+  select json_array(1,2,3);
+  select json_object('a',1,'b',2);
+--json-block
+  [1,2,3]
+  {"a":1,"b":2}
+--end
+--testcase col-names-on
+--column-names 1
+  select 1 as 'a', 2 as 'b';
+--result a 1 b 2
+--testcase col-names-off
+--column-names 0
+  select 1 as 'a', 2 as 'b';
+--result 1 2
+--close
+--print Until next time
+`);
+
+const sqt = new ns.SQLTester()
+      .setLogger(console.log.bind(console))
+      .verbosity(1)
+      .addTestScript(ts);
+sqt.outer().outputPrefix('');
+
+const runTests = function(){
+  try{
+    if( 0 ){
+      affirm( !sqt.getCurrentDb(), 'sqt.getCurrentDb()' );
+      sqt.openDb('/foo.db', true);
+      affirm( !!sqt.getCurrentDb(),'sqt.getCurrentDb()' );
+      affirm( 'zilch' !== sqt.nullValue() );
+      ts.run(sqt);
+      affirm( 'zilch' === sqt.nullValue() );
+      sqt.addTestScript(ts);
+      sqt.runTests();
+    }else{
+      for(const t of allTests){
+        sqt.addTestScript( new ns.TestScript(t) );
+      }
+      allTests.length = 0;
+      sqt.runTests();
+    }
+  }finally{
+    //log( "Metrics:", sqt.metrics );
+    sqt.reset();
+  }
+};
+
+if( globalThis.WorkerGlobalScope ){
+  const wPost = (type,payload)=>globalThis.postMessage({type, payload});
+  globalThis.onmessage = function({data}){
+    switch(data.type){
+      case 'run-tests':{
+        try{ runTests(); }
+        finally{ wPost('tests-end', sqt.metrics); }
+        break;
+      }
+      default:
+        log("unhandled onmessage: ",data);
+        break;
+    }
+  };
+  sqt.setLogger((msg)=>{
+    wPost('stdout', {message: msg});
+  });
+  wPost('is-ready');
+  //globalThis.onmessage({data:{type:'run-tests'}});
+}else{
+  runTests();
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/index.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1dffad63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en-us">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
+    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="data:image/x-icon;," type="image/x-icon">
+    <!--link rel="stylesheet" href="../common/emscripten.css"/-->
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../common/testing.css"/>
+    <title>SQLTester</title>
+  </head>
+  <style>
+    fieldset {
+        display: flex;
+        flex-direction: row;
+        padding-right: 1em;
+    }
+    fieldset > :not(.legend) {
+        display: flex;
+        flex-direction: row;
+        padding-right: 1em;
+    }
+  </style>
+  <body>
+    <h1>SQLTester for JS/WASM</h1>
+    <p>This app reads in a build-time-defined set of SQLTester test
+      scripts and runs them through the test suite.
+    </p>
+    <fieldset>
+      <legend>Options</legend>
+      <span class='input-wrapper'>
+        <input type='checkbox' id='cb-log-reverse' checked>
+        <label for='cb-log-reverse'>Reverse log order?</label>
+      </span>
+      <input type='button' id='btn-run-tests' value='Run tests'/>
+    </fieldset>
+    <div id='test-output'>Test output will go here.</div>
+    <!--script src='SQLTester.run.mjs' type='module'></script-->
+    <script>
+      (async function(){
+        const W = new Worker('SQLTester.run.mjs',{
+          type: 'module'
+        });
+        const wPost = (type,payload)=>W.postMessage({type,payload});
+        const mapToString = (v)=>{
+          switch(typeof v){
+            case 'string': return v;
+            case 'number': case 'boolean':
+            case 'undefined': case 'bigint':
+              return ''+v;
+            default: break;
+          }
+          if(null===v) return 'null';
+          if(v instanceof Error){
+            v = {
+              message: v.message,
+              stack: v.stack,
+              errorClass: v.name
+            };
+          }
+          return JSON.stringify(v,undefined,2);
+        };
+        const normalizeArgs = (args)=>args.map(mapToString);
+        const logTarget = document.querySelector('#test-output');
+        const logClass = function(cssClass,...args){
+          const ln = document.createElement('div');
+          if(cssClass){
+            for(const c of (Array.isArray(cssClass) ? cssClass : [cssClass])){
+              ln.classList.add(c);
+            }
+          }
+          ln.append(document.createTextNode(normalizeArgs(args).join(' ')));
+          logTarget.append(ln);
+        };
+        {
+          const cbReverse = document.querySelector('#cb-log-reverse');
+          const cbReverseKey = 'SQLTester:cb-log-reverse';
+          const cbReverseIt = ()=>{
+            logTarget.classList[cbReverse.checked ? 'add' : 'remove']('reverse');
+          };
+          cbReverse.addEventListener('change', cbReverseIt, true);
+          cbReverseIt();
+        }
+
+        const btnRun = document.querySelector('#btn-run-tests');
+        const runTests = ()=>{
+          btnRun.setAttribute('disabled','disabled');
+          wPost('run-tests');
+          logTarget.innerText = 'Running tests...';
+        }
+        btnRun.addEventListener('click', runTests);
+        const log2 = function f(...args){
+          logClass('', ...args);
+          return f;
+        };
+        const log = function f(...args){
+          logClass('','index.html:',...args);
+          return f;
+        };
+
+        const timerId = setTimeout( ()=>{
+          logClass('error',"The SQLTester module is taking an unusually ",
+                   "long time to load. More information may be available",
+                   "in the dev console.");
+        }, 3000 /* assuming localhost */ );
+
+        W.onmessage = function({data}){
+          switch(data.type){
+            case 'stdout': log2(data.payload.message); break;
+            case 'tests-end':
+              btnRun.removeAttribute('disabled');
+              delete data.payload.nTest;
+              log("test results:",data.payload);
+              break;
+            case 'is-ready':
+              clearTimeout(timerId);
+              runTests(); break;
+            default:
+              log("unhandled onmessage",data);
+              break;
+          }
+        };
+        //runTests()
+        /* Inexplicably, */
+      })();
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/touint8array.c b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/touint8array.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b03ad42f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/SQLTester/touint8array.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+** 2023-08-29
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This file contains a tool for writing out the contents of stdin as
+** a comma-separated list of numbers, one per byte.
+*/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+int main(int argc, char const **argv){
+  int i;
+  int rc = 0, colWidth = 30;
+  int ch;
+  printf("[");
+  for( i=0; EOF!=(ch = fgetc(stdin)); ++i ){
+    if( 0!=i ) printf(",");
+    if( i && 0==(i%colWidth) ) puts("");
+    printf("%d",ch);
+  }
+  printf("]");
+  return rc;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/README.md b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/README.md
index 6618666a..eb0f073c 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/README.md
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/README.md
@@ -83,15 +83,18 @@ browser client:
   helpers for use by downstream code which creates `sqlite3_vfs`
   and `sqlite3_module` implementations.
 - **`sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js`**\  
-  is an sqlite3 VFS implementation which supports Google Chrome's
-  Origin-Private FileSystem (OPFS) as a storage layer to provide
-  persistent storage for database files in a browser. It requires...
+  is an sqlite3 VFS implementation which supports the Origin-Private
+  FileSystem (OPFS) as a storage layer to provide persistent storage
+  for database files in a browser. It requires...
     - **`sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js`**\  
       is the asynchronous backend part of the OPFS proxy. It speaks
       directly to the (async) OPFS API and channels those results back
       to its synchronous counterpart. This file, because it must be
       started in its own Worker, is not part of the amalgamation.
-- **`api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js`**\  
+- **`sqlite3-vfs-opfs-sahpool.c-pp.js`**\  
+  is another sqlite3 VFS supporting the OPFS, but uses a completely
+  different approach that the above-listed one.
+- **`sqlite3-api-cleanup.js`**\  
   The previous files do not immediately extend the library. Instead
   they add callback functions to be called during its
   bootstrapping. Some also temporarily create global objects in order
@@ -108,13 +111,15 @@ browser client:
 with `c-pp`](#c-pp), noting that such preprocessing may be applied
 after all of the relevant files are concatenated. That extension is
 used primarily to keep the code maintainers cognisant of the fact that
-those files contain constructs which will not run as-is in JavaScript.
+those files contain constructs which may not run as-is in any given
+JavaScript environment.
 
 The build process glues those files together, resulting in
-`sqlite3-api.js`, which is everything except for the `post-js-*.js`
-files, and `sqlite3.js`, which is the Emscripten-generated amalgamated
-output and includes the `post-js-*.js` parts, as well as the
-Emscripten-provided module loading pieces.
+`sqlite3-api.js`, which is everything except for the
+`pre/post-js-*.js` files, and `sqlite3.js`, which is the
+Emscripten-generated amalgamated output and includes the
+`pre/post-js-*.js` parts, as well as the Emscripten-provided module
+loading pieces.
 
 The non-JS outlier file is `sqlite3-wasm.c`: it is a proxy for
 `sqlite3.c` which `#include`'s that file and adds a couple more
@@ -152,8 +157,8 @@ Preprocessing of Source Files
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Certain files in the build require preprocessing to filter in/out
-parts which differ between vanilla JS builds and ES6 Module
-(a.k.a. esm) builds. The preprocessor application itself is in
+parts which differ between vanilla JS, ES6 Modules, and node.js
+builds. The preprocessor application itself is in
 [`c-pp.c`](/file/ext/wasm/c-pp.c) and the complete technical details
 of such preprocessing are maintained in
 [`GNUMakefile`](/file/ext/wasm/GNUmakefile).
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/extern-post-js.c-pp.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/extern-post-js.c-pp.js
index 927bf64f..63e55051 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/extern-post-js.c-pp.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/extern-post-js.c-pp.js
@@ -23,10 +23,7 @@ const toExportForESM =
      impls which Emscripten installs at some point in the file above
      this.
   */
-  const originalInit =
-        /* Maintenance reminder: DO NOT use `self.` here. It's correct
-           for non-ES6 Module cases but wrong for ES6 modules because those
-           resolve this symbol differently. */ sqlite3InitModule;
+  const originalInit = sqlite3InitModule;
   if(!originalInit){
     throw new Error("Expecting globalThis.sqlite3InitModule to be defined by the Emscripten build.");
   }
@@ -65,19 +62,19 @@ const toExportForESM =
   globalThis.sqlite3InitModule = function ff(...args){
     //console.warn("Using replaced sqlite3InitModule()",globalThis.location);
     return originalInit(...args).then((EmscriptenModule)=>{
+//#if wasmfs
       if('undefined'!==typeof WorkerGlobalScope &&
-         (EmscriptenModule['ENVIRONMENT_IS_PTHREAD']
-          || EmscriptenModule['_pthread_self']
-          || 'function'===typeof threadAlert
-          || globalThis?.location?.pathname?.endsWith?.('.worker.js')
-         )){
+         EmscriptenModule['ENVIRONMENT_IS_PTHREAD']){
         /** Workaround for wasmfs-generated worker, which calls this
             routine from each individual thread and requires that its
-            argument be returned. All of the criteria above are fragile,
-            based solely on inspection of the offending code, not public
-            Emscripten details. */
+            argument be returned. The conditional criteria above are
+            fragile, based solely on inspection of the offending code,
+            not public Emscripten details. */
+        //console.warn("sqlite3InitModule() returning E-module.",EmscriptenModule);
         return EmscriptenModule;
       }
+//#endif
+      //console.warn("sqlite3InitModule() returning sqlite3 object.");
       const s = EmscriptenModule.sqlite3;
       s.scriptInfo = initModuleState;
       //console.warn("sqlite3.scriptInfo =",s.scriptInfo);
@@ -124,5 +121,6 @@ const toExportForESM =
   return globalThis.sqlite3InitModule /* required for ESM */;
 })();
 //#if target=es6-module
-export default toExportForESM;
+sqlite3InitModule = toExportForESM;
+export default sqlite3InitModule;
 //#endif
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js
index d38b401b..65dbb4eb 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@ if('undefined' !== typeof Module){ // presumably an Emscripten build
   */
   const SABC = Object.assign(
     Object.create(null), {
-      exports: Module['asm'],
-      memory: Module.wasmMemory /* gets set if built with -sIMPORT_MEMORY */
+      exports: ('undefined'===typeof wasmExports)
+        ? Module['asm']/* emscripten <=3.1.43 */
+        : wasmExports  /* emscripten >=3.1.44 */,
+      memory: Module.wasmMemory /* gets set if built with -sIMPORTED_MEMORY */
     },
     globalThis.sqlite3ApiConfig || {}
   );
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-glue.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-glue.js
index f444ec97..f23a0236 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-glue.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-glue.js
@@ -608,6 +608,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
     ["sqlite3_wasm_db_vfs", "sqlite3_vfs*", "sqlite3*","string"],
     ["sqlite3_wasm_vfs_create_file", "int",
      "sqlite3_vfs*","string","*", "int"],
+    ["sqlite3_wasm_posix_create_file", "int", "string","*", "int"],
     ["sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink", "int", "sqlite3_vfs*","string"]
   ];
 
@@ -728,6 +729,15 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
        Populate api object with sqlite3_...() by binding the "raw" wasm
        exports into type-converting proxies using wasm.xWrap().
     */
+    if(0 === wasm.exports.sqlite3_step.length){
+      /* This environment wraps exports in nullary functions, which means
+         we must disable the arg-count validation we otherwise perform
+         on the wrappers. */
+      wasm.xWrap.doArgcCheck = false;
+      sqlite3.config.warn(
+        "Disabling sqlite3.wasm.xWrap.doArgcCheck due to environmental quirks."
+      );
+    }
     for(const e of wasm.bindingSignatures){
       capi[e[0]] = wasm.xWrap.apply(null, e);
     }
@@ -878,9 +888,9 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
      consistency with non-special-case wrappings.
   */
   const __dbArgcMismatch = (pDb,f,n)=>{
-    return sqlite3.util.sqlite3_wasm_db_error(pDb, capi.SQLITE_MISUSE,
-                                              f+"() requires "+n+" argument"+
-                                              (1===n?"":'s')+".");
+    return util.sqlite3_wasm_db_error(pDb, capi.SQLITE_MISUSE,
+                                      f+"() requires "+n+" argument"+
+                                      (1===n?"":'s')+".");
   };
 
   /** Code duplication reducer for functions which take an encoding
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-oo1.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-oo1.js
index ac6678c8..4677b897 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-oo1.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-oo1.js
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
     if(sqliteResultCode){
       if(dbPtr instanceof DB) dbPtr = dbPtr.pointer;
       toss3(
+        sqliteResultCode,
         "sqlite3 result code",sqliteResultCode+":",
         (dbPtr
          ? capi.sqlite3_errmsg(dbPtr)
@@ -330,10 +331,15 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
 
      - `db`: the DB object which created the statement.
 
-     - `columnCount`: the number of result columns in the query, or 0 for
-     queries which cannot return results.
+     - `columnCount`: the number of result columns in the query, or 0
+     for queries which cannot return results. This property is a proxy
+     for sqlite3_column_count() and its use in loops should be avoided
+     because of the call overhead associated with that. The
+     `columnCount` is not cached when the Stmt is created because a
+     schema change made via a separate db connection between this
+     statement's preparation and when it is stepped may invalidate it.
 
-     - `parameterCount`: the number of bindable paramters in the query.
+     - `parameterCount`: the number of bindable parameters in the query.
   */
   const Stmt = function(){
     if(BindTypes!==arguments[2]){
@@ -341,7 +347,6 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
     }
     this.db = arguments[0];
     __ptrMap.set(this, arguments[1]);
-    this.columnCount = capi.sqlite3_column_count(this.pointer);
     this.parameterCount = capi.sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(this.pointer);
   };
 
@@ -473,7 +478,9 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
   const __selectFirstRow = (db, sql, bind, ...getArgs)=>{
     const stmt = db.prepare(sql);
     try {
-      return stmt.bind(bind).step() ? stmt.get(...getArgs) : undefined;
+      const rc = stmt.bind(bind).step() ? stmt.get(...getArgs) : undefined;
+      stmt.reset(/*for INSERT...RETURNING locking case*/);
+      return rc;
     }finally{
       stmt.finalize();
     }
@@ -499,6 +506,9 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
      "Not an error."  The various non-0 non-error codes need to be
      checked for in client code where they are expected.
 
+     The thrown exception's `resultCode` property will be the value of
+     the second argument to this function.
+
      If it does not throw, it returns its first argument.
   */
   DB.checkRc = (db,resultCode)=>checkSqlite3Rc(db,resultCode);
@@ -546,7 +556,10 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
         }
         const pDb = this.pointer;
         Object.keys(__stmtMap.get(this)).forEach((k,s)=>{
-          if(s && s.pointer) s.finalize();
+          if(s && s.pointer){
+            try{s.finalize()}
+            catch(e){/*ignore*/}
+          }
         });
         __ptrMap.delete(this);
         __stmtMap.delete(this);
@@ -701,18 +714,18 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
        with identical names.
 
        - `callback` = a function which gets called for each row of the
-       result set, but only if that statement has any result
-       _rows_. The callback's "this" is the options object, noting
-       that this function synthesizes one if the caller does not pass
-       one to exec(). The second argument passed to the callback is
-       always the current Stmt object, as it's needed if the caller
-       wants to fetch the column names or some such (noting that they
-       could also be fetched via `this.columnNames`, if the client
-       provides the `columnNames` option). If the callback returns a
-       literal `false` (as opposed to any other falsy value, e.g.  an
-       implicit `undefined` return), any ongoing statement-`step()`
-       iteration stops without an error. The return value of the
-       callback is otherwise ignored.
+       result set, but only if that statement has any result rows. The
+       callback's "this" is the options object, noting that this
+       function synthesizes one if the caller does not pass one to
+       exec(). The second argument passed to the callback is always
+       the current Stmt object, as it's needed if the caller wants to
+       fetch the column names or some such (noting that they could
+       also be fetched via `this.columnNames`, if the client provides
+       the `columnNames` option). If the callback returns a literal
+       `false` (as opposed to any other falsy value, e.g. an implicit
+       `undefined` return), any ongoing statement-`step()` iteration
+       stops without an error. The return value of the callback is
+       otherwise ignored.
 
        ACHTUNG: The callback MUST NOT modify the Stmt object. Calling
        any of the Stmt.get() variants, Stmt.getColumnName(), or
@@ -733,7 +746,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
 
          A.1) `'array'` (the default) causes the results of
          `stmt.get([])` to be passed to the `callback` and/or appended
-         to `resultRows`
+         to `resultRows`.
 
          A.2) `'object'` causes the results of
          `stmt.get(Object.create(null))` to be passed to the
@@ -744,8 +757,8 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
 
          A.3) `'stmt'` causes the current Stmt to be passed to the
          callback, but this mode will trigger an exception if
-         `resultRows` is an array because appending the statement to
-         the array would be downright unhelpful.
+         `resultRows` is an array because appending the transient
+         statement to the array would be downright unhelpful.
 
        B) An integer, indicating a zero-based column in the result
        row. Only that one single value will be passed on.
@@ -775,7 +788,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
        should return:
 
          A) The default value is (usually) `"this"`, meaning that the
-            DB object itself should be returned. The exceptions is if
+            DB object itself should be returned. The exception is if
             the caller passes neither of `callback` nor `returnValue`
             but does pass an explicit `rowMode` then the default
             `returnValue` is `"resultRows"`, described below.
@@ -857,38 +870,53 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
             bind = null;
           }
           if(evalFirstResult && stmt.columnCount){
-            /* Only forward SELECT results for the FIRST query
+            /* Only forward SELECT-style results for the FIRST query
                in the SQL which potentially has them. */
+            let gotColNames = Array.isArray(
+              opt.columnNames
+              /* As reported in
+                 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/7774b773937cbe0a
+                 we need to delay fetching of the column names until
+                 after the first step() (if we step() at all) because
+                 a schema change between the prepare() and step(), via
+                 another connection, may invalidate the column count
+                 and names. */) ? 0 : 1;
             evalFirstResult = false;
-            if(Array.isArray(opt.columnNames)){
-              stmt.getColumnNames(opt.columnNames);
-            }
             if(arg.cbArg || resultRows){
-              for(; stmt.step(); stmt._isLocked = false){
-                stmt._isLocked = true;
+              for(; stmt.step(); stmt._lockedByExec = false){
+                if(0===gotColNames++) stmt.getColumnNames(opt.columnNames);
+                stmt._lockedByExec = true;
                 const row = arg.cbArg(stmt);
                 if(resultRows) resultRows.push(row);
                 if(callback && false === callback.call(opt, row, stmt)){
                   break;
                 }
               }
-              stmt._isLocked = false;
+              stmt._lockedByExec = false;
+            }
+            if(0===gotColNames){
+              /* opt.columnNames was provided but we visited no result rows */
+              stmt.getColumnNames(opt.columnNames);
             }
           }else{
             stmt.step();
           }
-          stmt.finalize();
+          stmt.reset(
+            /* In order to trigger an exception in the
+               INSERT...RETURNING locking scenario:
+               https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/36f7a2e7494897df
+            */).finalize();
           stmt = null;
-        }
+        }/*prepare() loop*/
       }/*catch(e){
         sqlite3.config.warn("DB.exec() is propagating exception",opt,e);
         throw e;
       }*/finally{
+        wasm.scopedAllocPop(stack);
         if(stmt){
-          delete stmt._isLocked;
+          delete stmt._lockedByExec;
           stmt.finalize();
         }
-        wasm.scopedAllocPop(stack);
       }
       return arg.returnVal();
     }/*exec()*/,
@@ -1107,6 +1135,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
       try {
         stmt.bind(bind);
         while(stmt.step()) rc.push(stmt.get(0,asType));
+        stmt.reset(/*for INSERT...RETURNING locking case*/);
       }finally{
         stmt.finalize();
       }
@@ -1241,7 +1270,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
        not throw, it returns this object.
     */
     checkRc: function(resultCode){
-      return DB.checkRc(this, resultCode);
+      return checkSqlite3Rc(this, resultCode);
     }
   }/*DB.prototype*/;
 
@@ -1302,15 +1331,15 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
   };
 
   /**
-     If stmt._isLocked is truthy, this throws an exception
+     If stmt._lockedByExec is truthy, this throws an exception
      complaining that the 2nd argument (an operation name,
      e.g. "bind()") is not legal while the statement is "locked".
      Locking happens before an exec()-like callback is passed a
      statement, to ensure that the callback does not mutate or
      finalize the statement. If it does not throw, it returns stmt.
   */
-  const affirmUnlocked = function(stmt,currentOpName){
-    if(stmt._isLocked){
+  const affirmNotLockedByExec = function(stmt,currentOpName){
+    if(stmt._lockedByExec){
       toss3("Operation is illegal when statement is locked:",currentOpName);
     }
     return stmt;
@@ -1323,14 +1352,11 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
      success.
   */
   const bindOne = function f(stmt,ndx,bindType,val){
-    affirmUnlocked(affirmStmtOpen(stmt), 'bind()');
+    affirmNotLockedByExec(affirmStmtOpen(stmt), 'bind()');
     if(!f._){
       f._tooBigInt = (v)=>toss3(
         "BigInt value is too big to store without precision loss:", v
       );
-      /* Reminder: when not in BigInt mode, it's impossible for
-         JS to represent a number out of the range we can bind,
-         so we have no range checking. */
       f._ = {
         string: function(stmt, ndx, val, asBlob){
           const [pStr, n] = wasm.allocCString(val, true);
@@ -1404,46 +1430,67 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
 
   Stmt.prototype = {
     /**
-       "Finalizes" this statement. This is a no-op if the
-       statement has already been finalizes. Returns
-       undefined. Most methods in this class will throw if called
-       after this is.
+       "Finalizes" this statement. This is a no-op if the statement
+       has already been finalized. Returns the result of
+       sqlite3_finalize() (0 on success, non-0 on error), or the
+       undefined value if the statement has already been
+       finalized. Regardless of success or failure, most methods in
+       this class will throw if called after this is.
+
+       This method always throws if called when it is illegal to do
+       so. Namely, when triggered via a per-row callback handler of a
+       DB.exec() call.
     */
     finalize: function(){
       if(this.pointer){
-        affirmUnlocked(this,'finalize()');
+        affirmNotLockedByExec(this,'finalize()');
+        const rc = capi.sqlite3_finalize(this.pointer);
         delete __stmtMap.get(this.db)[this.pointer];
-        capi.sqlite3_finalize(this.pointer);
         __ptrMap.delete(this);
         delete this._mayGet;
-        delete this.columnCount;
         delete this.parameterCount;
+        delete this._lockedByExec;
         delete this.db;
-        delete this._isLocked;
+        return rc;
       }
     },
-    /** Clears all bound values. Returns this object.
-        Throws if this statement has been finalized. */
+    /**
+       Clears all bound values. Returns this object.  Throws if this
+       statement has been finalized or if modification of the
+       statement is currently illegal (e.g. in the per-row callback of
+       a DB.exec() call).
+    */
     clearBindings: function(){
-      affirmUnlocked(affirmStmtOpen(this), 'clearBindings()')
+      affirmNotLockedByExec(affirmStmtOpen(this), 'clearBindings()')
       capi.sqlite3_clear_bindings(this.pointer);
       this._mayGet = false;
       return this;
     },
     /**
-       Resets this statement so that it may be step()ed again
-       from the beginning. Returns this object. Throws if this
-       statement has been finalized.
+       Resets this statement so that it may be step()ed again from the
+       beginning. Returns this object. Throws if this statement has
+       been finalized, if it may not legally be reset because it is
+       currently being used from a DB.exec() callback, or if the
+       underlying call to sqlite3_reset() returns non-0.
 
        If passed a truthy argument then this.clearBindings() is
        also called, otherwise any existing bindings, along with
        any memory allocated for them, are retained.
+
+       In versions 3.42.0 and earlier, this function did not throw if
+       sqlite3_reset() returns non-0, but it was discovered that
+       throwing (or significant extra client-side code) is necessary
+       in order to avoid certain silent failure scenarios, as
+       discussed at:
+
+       https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/36f7a2e7494897df
     */
     reset: function(alsoClearBinds){
-      affirmUnlocked(this,'reset()');
+      affirmNotLockedByExec(this,'reset()');
       if(alsoClearBinds) this.clearBindings();
-      capi.sqlite3_reset(affirmStmtOpen(this).pointer);
+      const rc = capi.sqlite3_reset(affirmStmtOpen(this).pointer);
       this._mayGet = false;
+      checkSqlite3Rc(this.db, rc);
       return this;
     },
     /**
@@ -1592,7 +1639,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
        value is returned.  Throws on error.
     */
     step: function(){
-      affirmUnlocked(this, 'step()');
+      affirmNotLockedByExec(this, 'step()');
       const rc = capi.sqlite3_step(affirmStmtOpen(this).pointer);
       switch(rc){
           case capi.SQLITE_DONE: return this._mayGet = false;
@@ -1627,11 +1674,9 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
       return this.reset();
     },
     /**
-       Functions like step() except that it finalizes this statement
-       immediately after stepping unless the step cannot be performed
-       because the statement is locked. Throws on error, but any error
-       other than the statement-is-locked case will also trigger
-       finalization of this statement.
+       Functions like step() except that it calls finalize() on this
+       statement immediately after stepping, even if the step() call
+       throws.
 
        On success, it returns true if the step indicated that a row of
        data was available, else it returns false.
@@ -1643,9 +1688,14 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
        ```
     */
     stepFinalize: function(){
-      const rc = this.step();
-      this.finalize();
-      return rc;
+      try{
+        const rc = this.step();
+        this.reset(/*for INSERT...RETURNING locking case*/);
+        return rc;
+      }finally{
+        try{this.finalize()}
+        catch(e){/*ignored*/}
+      }
     },
     /**
        Fetches the value from the given 0-based column index of
@@ -1686,13 +1736,15 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
       }
       if(Array.isArray(ndx)){
         let i = 0;
-        while(i<this.columnCount){
+        const n = this.columnCount;
+        while(i<n){
           ndx[i] = this.get(i++);
         }
         return ndx;
       }else if(ndx && 'object'===typeof ndx){
         let i = 0;
-        while(i<this.columnCount){
+        const n = this.columnCount;
+        while(i<n){
           ndx[capi.sqlite3_column_name(this.pointer,i)] = this.get(i++);
         }
         return ndx;
@@ -1790,16 +1842,17 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
       );
     },
     /**
-       If this statement potentially has result columns, this
-       function returns an array of all such names. If passed an
-       array, it is used as the target and all names are appended
-       to it. Returns the target array. Throws if this statement
-       cannot have result columns. This object's columnCount member
-       holds the number of columns.
+       If this statement potentially has result columns, this function
+       returns an array of all such names. If passed an array, it is
+       used as the target and all names are appended to it. Returns
+       the target array. Throws if this statement cannot have result
+       columns. This object's columnCount property holds the number of
+       columns.
     */
     getColumnNames: function(tgt=[]){
       affirmColIndex(affirmStmtOpen(this),0);
-      for(let i = 0; i < this.columnCount; ++i){
+      const n = this.columnCount;
+      for(let i = 0; i < n; ++i){
         tgt.push(capi.sqlite3_column_name(this.pointer, i));
       }
       return tgt;
@@ -1826,6 +1879,20 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
     Object.defineProperty(Stmt.prototype, 'pointer', prop);
     Object.defineProperty(DB.prototype, 'pointer', prop);
   }
+  /**
+     Stmt.columnCount is an interceptor for sqlite3_column_count().
+
+     This requires an unfortunate performance hit compared to caching
+     columnCount when the Stmt is created/prepared (as was done in
+     SQLite <=3.42.0), but is necessary in order to handle certain
+     corner cases, as described in
+     https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/7774b773937cbe0a.
+  */
+  Object.defineProperty(Stmt.prototype, 'columnCount', {
+    enumerable: false,
+    get: function(){return capi.sqlite3_column_count(this.pointer)},
+    set: ()=>toss3("The columnCount property is read-only.")
+  });
 
   /** The OO API's public namespace. */
   sqlite3.oo1 = {
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-prologue.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-prologue.js
index c882d5b2..ef1154f6 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-prologue.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-prologue.js
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 
    - `memory`[^1]: optional WebAssembly.Memory object, defaulting to
      `exports.memory`. In Emscripten environments this should be set
-     to `Module.wasmMemory` if the build uses `-sIMPORT_MEMORY`, or be
+     to `Module.wasmMemory` if the build uses `-sIMPORTED_MEMORY`, or be
      left undefined/falsy to default to `exports.memory` when using
      WASM-exported memory.
 
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@
      can be replaced with (e.g.) empty functions to squelch all such
      output.
 
-   - `wasmfsOpfsDir`[^1]: As of 2022-12-17, this feature does not
-     currently work due to incompatible Emscripten-side changes made
-     in the WASMFS+OPFS combination. This option is currently ignored.
+   - `wasmfsOpfsDir`[^1]: Specifies the "mount point" of the OPFS-backed
+     filesystem in WASMFS-capable builds.
 
-   [^1] = This property may optionally be a function, in which case this
-          function re-assigns calls that function to fetch the value,
+
+   [^1] = This property may optionally be a function, in which case
+          this function calls that function to fetch the value,
           enabling delayed evaluation.
 
    The returned object is the top-level sqlite3 namespace object.
@@ -125,11 +125,11 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
     log: console.log.bind(console),
     wasmfsOpfsDir: '/opfs',
     /**
-       useStdAlloc is just for testing an allocator discrepancy. The
+       useStdAlloc is just for testing allocator discrepancies. The
        docs guarantee that this is false in the canonical builds. For
        99% of purposes it doesn't matter which allocators we use, but
-       it becomes significant with, e.g., sqlite3_deserialize()
-       and certain wasm.xWrap.resultAdapter()s.
+       it becomes significant with, e.g., sqlite3_deserialize() and
+       certain wasm.xWrap.resultAdapter()s.
     */
     useStdAlloc: false
   }, apiConfig || {});
@@ -149,11 +149,6 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
       config[k] = config[k]();
     }
   });
-  config.wasmOpfsDir =
-    /* 2022-12-17: WASMFS+OPFS can no longer be activated from the
-       main thread (aborts via a failed assert() if it's attempted),
-       which eliminates any(?) benefit to supporting it. */  false;
-
   /**
       The main sqlite3 binding API gets installed into this object,
       mimicking the C API as closely as we can. The numerous members
@@ -777,8 +772,43 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
     isSharedTypedArray,
     toss: function(...args){throw new Error(args.join(' '))},
     toss3,
-    typedArrayPart
-  };
+    typedArrayPart,
+    /**
+       Given a byte array or ArrayBuffer, this function throws if the
+       lead bytes of that buffer do not hold a SQLite3 database header,
+       else it returns without side effects.
+
+       Added in 3.44.
+    */
+    affirmDbHeader: function(bytes){
+      if(bytes instanceof ArrayBuffer) bytes = new Uint8Array(bytes);
+      const header = "SQLite format 3";
+      if( header.length > bytes.byteLength ){
+        toss3("Input does not contain an SQLite3 database header.");
+      }
+      for(let i = 0; i < header.length; ++i){
+        if( header.charCodeAt(i) !== bytes[i] ){
+          toss3("Input does not contain an SQLite3 database header.");
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    /**
+       Given a byte array or ArrayBuffer, this function throws if the
+       database does not, at a cursory glance, appear to be an SQLite3
+       database. It only examines the size and header, but further
+       checks may be added in the future.
+
+       Added in 3.44.
+    */
+    affirmIsDb: function(bytes){
+      if(bytes instanceof ArrayBuffer) bytes = new Uint8Array(bytes);
+      const n = bytes.byteLength;
+      if(n<512 || n%512!==0) {
+        toss3("Byte array size",n,"is invalid for an SQLite3 db.");
+      }
+      util.affirmDbHeader(bytes);
+    }
+  }/*util*/;
 
   Object.assign(wasm, {
     /**
@@ -809,7 +839,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
       || toss3("Missing API config.exports (WASM module exports)."),
 
     /**
-       When Emscripten compiles with `-sIMPORT_MEMORY`, it
+       When Emscripten compiles with `-sIMPORTED_MEMORY`, it
        initalizes the heap and imports it into wasm, as opposed to
        the other way around. In this case, the memory is not
        available via this.exports.memory.
@@ -1105,7 +1135,23 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
       return 1===n
         ? wasm.pstack.alloc(safePtrSize ? 8 : wasm.ptrSizeof)
         : wasm.pstack.allocChunks(n, safePtrSize ? 8 : wasm.ptrSizeof);
+    },
+
+    /**
+       Records the current pstack position, calls the given function,
+       passing it the sqlite3 object, then restores the pstack
+       regardless of whether the function throws. Returns the result
+       of the call or propagates an exception on error.
+
+       Added in 3.44.
+    */
+    call: function(f){
+      const stackPos = wasm.pstack.pointer;
+      try{ return f(sqlite3) } finally{
+        wasm.pstack.restore(stackPos);
+      }
     }
+
   })/*wasm.pstack*/;
   Object.defineProperties(wasm.pstack, {
     /**
@@ -1177,31 +1223,31 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
   /** State for sqlite3_wasmfs_opfs_dir(). */
   let __wasmfsOpfsDir = undefined;
   /**
-     2022-12-17: incompatible WASMFS changes have made WASMFS+OPFS
-     unavailable from the main thread, which eliminates the most
-     significant benefit of supporting WASMFS. This function is now a
-     no-op which always returns a falsy value. Before that change,
-     this function behaved as documented below (and how it will again
-     if we can find a compelling reason to support it).
-
      If the wasm environment has a WASMFS/OPFS-backed persistent
      storage directory, its path is returned by this function. If it
      does not then it returns "" (noting that "" is a falsy value).
 
      The first time this is called, this function inspects the current
      environment to determine whether persistence support is available
-     and, if it is, enables it (if needed).
+     and, if it is, enables it (if needed). After the first call it
+     always returns the cached result.
+
+     If the returned string is not empty, any files stored under the
+     given path (recursively) are housed in OPFS storage. If the
+     returned string is empty, this particular persistent storage
+     option is not available on the client.
+
+     Though the mount point name returned by this function is intended
+     to remain stable, clients should not hard-coded it anywhere. Always call this function to get the path.
 
-     This function currently only recognizes the WASMFS/OPFS storage
-     combination and its path refers to storage rooted in the
-     Emscripten-managed virtual filesystem.
+     Note that this function is a no-op in must builds of this
+     library, as the WASMFS capability requires a custom
+     build.
   */
   capi.sqlite3_wasmfs_opfs_dir = function(){
     if(undefined !== __wasmfsOpfsDir) return __wasmfsOpfsDir;
     // If we have no OPFS, there is no persistent dir
     const pdir = config.wasmfsOpfsDir;
-    console.error("sqlite3_wasmfs_opfs_dir() can no longer work due "+
-                  "to incompatible WASMFS changes. It will be removed.");
     if(!pdir
        || !globalThis.FileSystemHandle
        || !globalThis.FileSystemDirectoryHandle
@@ -1223,8 +1269,6 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
   };
 
   /**
-     Experimental and subject to change or removal.
-
      Returns true if sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_wasmfs_opfs_dir() is a
      non-empty string and the given name starts with (that string +
      '/'), else returns false.
@@ -1234,13 +1278,6 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
     return (p && name) ? name.startsWith(p+'/') : false;
   };
 
-  // This bit is highly arguable and is incompatible with the fiddle shell.
-  if(false && 0===wasm.exports.sqlite3_vfs_find(0)){
-    /* Assume that sqlite3_initialize() has not yet been called.
-       This will be the case in an SQLITE_OS_KV build. */
-    wasm.exports.sqlite3_initialize();
-  }
-
   /**
      Given an `sqlite3*`, an sqlite3_vfs name, and an optional db name
      (defaulting to "main"), returns a truthy value (see below) if
@@ -1371,6 +1408,74 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
   };
 
   /**
+     If the current environment supports the POSIX file APIs, this routine
+     creates (or overwrites) the given file using those APIs. This is
+     primarily intended for use in Emscripten-based builds where the POSIX
+     APIs are transparently proxied by an in-memory virtual filesystem.
+     It may behave diffrently in other environments.
+
+     The first argument must be either a JS string or WASM C-string
+     holding the filename. Note that this routine does _not_ create
+     intermediary directories if the filename has a directory part.
+
+     The 2nd argument may either a valid WASM memory pointer, an
+     ArrayBuffer, or a Uint8Array. The 3rd must be the length, in
+     bytes, of the data array to copy. If the 2nd argument is an
+     ArrayBuffer or Uint8Array and the 3rd is not a positive integer
+     then the 3rd defaults to the array's byteLength value.
+
+     Results are undefined if data is a WASM pointer and dataLen is
+     exceeds data's bounds.
+
+     Throws if any arguments are invalid or if creating or writing to
+     the file fails.
+
+     Added in 3.43 as an alternative for the deprecated
+     sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file().
+  */
+  capi.sqlite3_js_posix_create_file = function(filename, data, dataLen){
+    let pData;
+    if(data && wasm.isPtr(data)){
+      pData = data;
+    }else if(data instanceof ArrayBuffer || data instanceof Uint8Array){
+      pData = wasm.allocFromTypedArray(data);
+      if(arguments.length<3 || !util.isInt32(dataLen) || dataLen<0){
+        dataLen = data.byteLength;
+      }
+    }else{
+      SQLite3Error.toss("Invalid 2nd argument for sqlite3_js_posix_create_file().");
+    }
+    try{
+      if(!util.isInt32(dataLen) || dataLen<0){
+        SQLite3Error.toss("Invalid 3rd argument for sqlite3_js_posix_create_file().");
+      }
+      const rc = wasm.sqlite3_wasm_posix_create_file(filename, pData, dataLen);
+      if(rc) SQLite3Error.toss("Creation of file failed with sqlite3 result code",
+                               capi.sqlite3_js_rc_str(rc));
+    }finally{
+       wasm.dealloc(pData);
+    }
+  };
+
+  /**
+     Deprecation warning: this function does not work properly in
+     debug builds of sqlite3 because its out-of-scope use of the
+     sqlite3_vfs API triggers assertions in the core library.  That
+     was unfortunately not discovered until 2023-08-11. This function
+     is now deprecated and should not be used in new code.
+
+     Alternative options:
+
+     - "unix" VFS and its variants can get equivalent functionality
+       with sqlite3_js_posix_create_file().
+
+     - OPFS: use either sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb.importDb(), for the "opfs"
+       VFS, or the importDb() method of the PoolUtil object provided
+       by the "opfs-sahpool" OPFS (noting that its VFS name may differ
+       depending on client-side configuration). We cannot proxy those
+       from here because the former is necessarily asynchronous and
+       the latter requires information not available to this function.
+
      Creates a file using the storage appropriate for the given
      sqlite3_vfs.  The first argument may be a VFS name (JS string
      only, NOT a WASM C-string), WASM-managed `sqlite3_vfs*`, or
@@ -1416,9 +1521,13 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
        VFS nor the WASM environment imposes requirements which break it.
 
      - "opfs": uses OPFS storage and creates directory parts of the
-       filename.
+       filename. It can only be used to import an SQLite3 database
+       file and will fail if given anything else.
   */
   capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file = function(vfs, filename, data, dataLen){
+    config.warn("sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file() is deprecated and",
+                "should be avoided because it can lead to C-level crashes.",
+                "See its documentation for alternative options.");
     let pData;
     if(data){
       if(wasm.isPtr(data)){
@@ -1446,10 +1555,30 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
       if(rc) SQLite3Error.toss("Creation of file failed with sqlite3 result code",
                                capi.sqlite3_js_rc_str(rc));
     }finally{
-      wasm.dealloc(pData);
+       wasm.dealloc(pData);
     }
   };
 
+  /**
+     Converts SQL input from a variety of convenient formats
+     to plain strings.
+
+     If v is a string, it is returned as-is. If it is-a Array, its
+     join("") result is returned.  If is is a Uint8Array, Int8Array,
+     or ArrayBuffer, it is assumed to hold UTF-8-encoded text and is
+     decoded to a string. If it looks like a WASM pointer,
+     wasm.cstrToJs(sql) is returned. Else undefined is returned.
+
+     Added in 3.44
+  */
+  capi.sqlite3_js_sql_to_string = (sql)=>{
+    if('string' === typeof sql){
+      return sql;
+    }
+    const x = flexibleString(v);
+    return x===v ? undefined : x;
+  }
+
   if( util.isUIThread() ){
     /* Features specific to the main window thread... */
 
@@ -1659,7 +1788,8 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
          do not.
       */
       tgt.push(capi.sqlite3_value_to_js(
-        wasm.peekPtr(pArgv + (wasm.ptrSizeof * i))
+        wasm.peekPtr(pArgv + (wasm.ptrSizeof * i)),
+        throwIfCannotConvert
       ));
     }
     return tgt;
@@ -1875,6 +2005,9 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
     client: undefined,
 
     /**
+       This function is not part of the public interface, but a
+       piece of internal bootstrapping infrastructure.
+
        Performs any optional asynchronous library-level initialization
        which might be required. This function returns a Promise which
        resolves to the sqlite3 namespace object. Any error in the
@@ -1890,27 +2023,19 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
        then it must be called by client-level code, which must not use
        the library until the returned promise resolves.
 
-       Bug: if called while a prior call is still resolving, the 2nd
-       call will resolve prematurely, before the 1st call has finished
-       resolving. The current build setup precludes that possibility,
-       so it's only a hypothetical problem if/when this function
-       ever needs to be invoked by clients.
+       If called multiple times it will return the same promise on
+       subsequent calls. The current build setup precludes that
+       possibility, so it's only a hypothetical problem if/when this
+       function ever needs to be invoked by clients.
 
        In Emscripten-based builds, this function is called
        automatically and deleted from this object.
     */
-    asyncPostInit: async function(){
-      let lip = sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializersAsync;
+    asyncPostInit: async function ff(){
+      if(ff.isReady instanceof Promise) return ff.isReady;
+      let lia = sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializersAsync;
       delete sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializersAsync;
-      if(!lip || !lip.length) return Promise.resolve(sqlite3);
-      lip = lip.map((f)=>{
-        const p = (f instanceof Promise) ? f : f(sqlite3);
-        return p.catch((e)=>{
-          console.error("an async sqlite3 initializer failed:",e);
-          throw e;
-        });
-      });
-      const postInit = ()=>{
+      const postInit = async ()=>{
         if(!sqlite3.__isUnderTest){
           /* Delete references to internal-only APIs which are used by
              some initializers. Retain them when running in test mode
@@ -1919,23 +2044,25 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap = function sqlite3ApiBootstrap(
           /* It's conceivable that we might want to expose
              StructBinder to client-side code, but it's only useful if
              clients build their own sqlite3.wasm which contains their
-             one C struct types. */
+             own C struct types. */
           delete sqlite3.StructBinder;
         }
         return sqlite3;
       };
-      if(1){
-        /* Run all initializers in sequence. The advantage is that it
-           allows us to have post-init cleanup defined outside of this
-           routine at the end of the list and have it run at a
-           well-defined time. */
-        let p = lip.shift();
-        while(lip.length) p = p.then(lip.shift());
-        return p.then(postInit);
-      }else{
-        /* Run them in an arbitrary order. */
-        return Promise.all(lip).then(postInit);
+      const catcher = (e)=>{
+        config.error("an async sqlite3 initializer failed:",e);
+        throw e;
+      };
+      if(!lia || !lia.length){
+        return ff.isReady = postInit().catch(catcher);
       }
+      lia = lia.map((f)=>{
+        return (f instanceof Function) ? async x=>f(sqlite3) : f;
+      });
+      lia.push(postInit);
+      let p = Promise.resolve(sqlite3);
+      while(lia.length) p = p.then(lia.shift());
+      return ff.isReady = p.catch(catcher);
     },
     /**
        scriptInfo ideally gets injected into this object by the
@@ -1995,7 +2122,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers = [];
   specifically for initializers which are asynchronous. All entries in
   this list must be either async functions, non-async functions which
   return a Promise, or a Promise. Each function in the list is called
-  with the sqlite3 ojbect as its only argument.
+  with the sqlite3 object as its only argument.
 
   The resolved value of any Promise is ignored and rejection will kill
   the asyncPostInit() process (at an indeterminate point because all
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-worker1.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-worker1.js
index d1c63c96..29f7d2be 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-worker1.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-worker1.js
@@ -278,6 +278,19 @@
   The arguments are in the same form accepted by oo1.DB.exec(), with
   the exceptions noted below.
 
+  If the `countChanges` arguments property (added in version 3.43) is
+  truthy then the `result` property contained by the returned object
+  will have a `changeCount` property which holds the number of changes
+  made by the provided SQL. Because the SQL may contain an arbitrary
+  number of statements, the `changeCount` is calculated by calling
+  `sqlite3_total_changes()` before and after the SQL is evaluated. If
+  the value of `countChanges` is 64 then the `changeCount` property
+  will be returned as a 64-bit integer in the form of a BigInt (noting
+  that that will trigger an exception if used in a BigInt-incapable
+  build).  In the latter case, the number of changes is calculated by
+  calling `sqlite3_total_changes64()` before and after the SQL is
+  evaluated.
+
   A function-type args.callback property cannot cross
   the window/Worker boundary, so is not useful here. If
   args.callback is a string then it is assumed to be a
@@ -320,7 +333,6 @@ sqlite3.initWorker1API = function(){
   if(!(globalThis.WorkerGlobalScope instanceof Function)){
     toss("initWorker1API() must be run from a Worker thread.");
   }
-  const self = this.self;
   const sqlite3 = this.sqlite3 || toss("Missing this.sqlite3 object.");
   const DB = sqlite3.oo1.DB;
 
@@ -523,7 +535,13 @@ sqlite3.initWorker1API = function(){
         }
       }
       try {
+        const changeCount = !!rc.countChanges
+              ? db.changes(true,(64===rc.countChanges))
+              : undefined;
         db.exec(rc);
+        if(undefined !== changeCount){
+          rc.changeCount = db.changes(true,64===rc.countChanges) - changeCount;
+        }
         if(rc.callback instanceof Function){
           rc.callback = theCallback;
           /* Post a sentinel message to tell the client that the end
@@ -638,5 +656,5 @@ sqlite3.initWorker1API = function(){
     }, wState.xfer);
   };
   globalThis.postMessage({type:'sqlite3-api',result:'worker1-ready'});
-}.bind({self, sqlite3});
+}.bind({sqlite3});
 });
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js
index ddcad8f6..cafd296c 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js
@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@
 
   https://developer.chrome.com/blog/sync-methods-for-accesshandles/
 
+  Firefox v111 and Safari 16.4, both released in March 2023, also
+  include this.
+
   We cannot change to the sync forms at this point without breaking
   clients who use Chrome v104-ish or higher. truncate(), getSize(),
   flush(), and close() are now (as of v108) synchronous. Calling them
@@ -818,9 +821,24 @@ const installAsyncProxy = function(self){
     }
     while(!flagAsyncShutdown){
       try {
-        if('timed-out'===Atomics.wait(
+        if('not-equal'!==Atomics.wait(
           state.sabOPView, state.opIds.whichOp, 0, state.asyncIdleWaitTime
         )){
+          /* Maintenance note: we compare against 'not-equal' because
+
+             https://github.com/tomayac/sqlite-wasm/issues/12
+
+             is reporting that this occassionally, under high loads,
+             returns 'ok', which leads to the whichOp being 0 (which
+             isn't a valid operation ID and leads to an exception,
+             along with a corresponding ugly console log
+             message). Unfortunately, the conditions for that cannot
+             be reliably reproduced. The only place in our code which
+             writes a 0 to the state.opIds.whichOp SharedArrayBuffer
+             index is a few lines down from here, and that instance
+             is required in order for clear communication between
+             the sync half of this proxy and this half.
+          */
           await releaseImplicitLocks();
           continue;
         }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-v-helper.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-v-helper.js
index 80ab7c5b..e63da8af 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-v-helper.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-v-helper.js
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
 
      ACHTUNG: because we cannot generically know how to transform JS
      exceptions into result codes, the installed functions do no
-     automatic catching of exceptions. It is critical, to avoid 
+     automatic catching of exceptions. It is critical, to avoid
      undefined behavior in the C layer, that methods mapped via
      this function do not throw. The exception, as it were, to that
      rule is...
@@ -295,7 +295,8 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
 
      - If `struct.$zName` is falsy and the entry has a string-type
        `name` property, `struct.$zName` is set to the C-string form of
-       that `name` value before registerVfs() is called.
+       that `name` value before registerVfs() is called. That string
+       gets added to the on-dispose state of the struct.
 
      On success returns this object. Throws on error.
   */
@@ -608,7 +609,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
      This is to facilitate creation of those methods inline in the
      passed-in object without requiring the client to explicitly get a
      reference to one of them in order to assign it to the other
-     one. 
+     one.
 
      The `catchExceptions`-installed handlers will account for
      identical references to the above functions and will install the
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs-sahpool.c-pp.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs-sahpool.c-pp.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..870073cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs-sahpool.c-pp.js
@@ -0,0 +1,1287 @@
+//#ifnot target=node
+/*
+  2023-07-14
+
+  The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of a
+  legal notice, here is a blessing:
+
+  *   May you do good and not evil.
+  *   May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+  *   May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+
+  ***********************************************************************
+
+  This file holds a sqlite3_vfs backed by OPFS storage which uses a
+  different implementation strategy than the "opfs" VFS. This one is a
+  port of Roy Hashimoto's OPFS SyncAccessHandle pool:
+
+  https://github.com/rhashimoto/wa-sqlite/blob/master/src/examples/AccessHandlePoolVFS.js
+
+  As described at:
+
+  https://github.com/rhashimoto/wa-sqlite/discussions/67
+
+  with Roy's explicit permission to permit us to port his to our
+  infrastructure rather than having to clean-room reverse-engineer it:
+
+  https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/e140d84e71
+
+  Primary differences from the "opfs" VFS include:
+
+  - This one avoids the need for a sub-worker to synchronize
+  communication between the synchronous C API and the
+  only-partly-synchronous OPFS API.
+
+  - It does so by opening a fixed number of OPFS files at
+  library-level initialization time, obtaining SyncAccessHandles to
+  each, and manipulating those handles via the synchronous sqlite3_vfs
+  interface. If it cannot open them (e.g. they are already opened by
+  another tab) then the VFS will not be installed.
+
+  - Because of that, this one lacks all library-level concurrency
+  support.
+
+  - Also because of that, it does not require the SharedArrayBuffer,
+  so can function without the COOP/COEP HTTP response headers.
+
+  - It can hypothetically support Safari 16.4+, whereas the "opfs" VFS
+  requires v17 due to a subworker/storage bug in 16.x which makes it
+  incompatible with that VFS.
+
+  - This VFS requires the "semi-fully-sync" FileSystemSyncAccessHandle
+  (hereafter "SAH") APIs released with Chrome v108 (and all other
+  major browsers released since March 2023). If that API is not
+  detected, the VFS is not registered.
+*/
+globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
+  'use strict';
+  const toss = sqlite3.util.toss;
+  const toss3 = sqlite3.util.toss3;
+  const initPromises = Object.create(null);
+  const capi = sqlite3.capi;
+  const util = sqlite3.util;
+  const wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
+  // Config opts for the VFS...
+  const SECTOR_SIZE = 4096;
+  const HEADER_MAX_PATH_SIZE = 512;
+  const HEADER_FLAGS_SIZE = 4;
+  const HEADER_DIGEST_SIZE = 8;
+  const HEADER_CORPUS_SIZE = HEADER_MAX_PATH_SIZE + HEADER_FLAGS_SIZE;
+  const HEADER_OFFSET_FLAGS = HEADER_MAX_PATH_SIZE;
+  const HEADER_OFFSET_DIGEST = HEADER_CORPUS_SIZE;
+  const HEADER_OFFSET_DATA = SECTOR_SIZE;
+  /* Bitmask of file types which may persist across sessions.
+     SQLITE_OPEN_xyz types not listed here may be inadvertently
+     left in OPFS but are treated as transient by this VFS and
+     they will be cleaned up during VFS init. */
+  const PERSISTENT_FILE_TYPES =
+        capi.SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB |
+        capi.SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL |
+        capi.SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL |
+        capi.SQLITE_OPEN_WAL /* noting that WAL support is
+                                unavailable in the WASM build.*/;
+
+  /** Subdirectory of the VFS's space where "opaque" (randomly-named)
+      files are stored. Changing this effectively invalidates the data
+      stored under older names (orphaning it), so don't do that. */
+  const OPAQUE_DIR_NAME = ".opaque";
+
+  /**
+     Returns short a string of random alphanumeric characters
+     suitable for use as a random filename.
+  */
+  const getRandomName = ()=>Math.random().toString(36).slice(2);
+
+  const textDecoder = new TextDecoder();
+  const textEncoder = new TextEncoder();
+
+  const optionDefaults = Object.assign(Object.create(null),{
+    name: 'opfs-sahpool',
+    directory: undefined /* derived from .name */,
+    initialCapacity: 6,
+    clearOnInit: false,
+    /* Logging verbosity 3+ == everything, 2 == warnings+errors, 1 ==
+       errors only. */
+    verbosity: 2
+  });
+
+  /** Logging routines, from most to least serious. */
+  const loggers = [
+    sqlite3.config.error,
+    sqlite3.config.warn,
+    sqlite3.config.log
+  ];
+  const log = sqlite3.config.log;
+  const warn = sqlite3.config.warn;
+  const error = sqlite3.config.error;
+
+  /* Maps (sqlite3_vfs*) to OpfsSAHPool instances */
+  const __mapVfsToPool = new Map();
+  const getPoolForVfs = (pVfs)=>__mapVfsToPool.get(pVfs);
+  const setPoolForVfs = (pVfs,pool)=>{
+    if(pool) __mapVfsToPool.set(pVfs, pool);
+    else __mapVfsToPool.delete(pVfs);
+  };
+  /* Maps (sqlite3_file*) to OpfsSAHPool instances */
+  const __mapSqlite3File = new Map();
+  const getPoolForPFile = (pFile)=>__mapSqlite3File.get(pFile);
+  const setPoolForPFile = (pFile,pool)=>{
+    if(pool) __mapSqlite3File.set(pFile, pool);
+    else __mapSqlite3File.delete(pFile);
+  };
+
+  /**
+     Impls for the sqlite3_io_methods methods. Maintenance reminder:
+     members are in alphabetical order to simplify finding them.
+  */
+  const ioMethods = {
+    xCheckReservedLock: function(pFile,pOut){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.log('xCheckReservedLock');
+      pool.storeErr();
+      wasm.poke32(pOut, 1);
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xClose: function(pFile){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      if(file) {
+        try{
+          pool.log(`xClose ${file.path}`);
+          pool.mapS3FileToOFile(pFile, false);
+          file.sah.flush();
+          if(file.flags & capi.SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE){
+            pool.deletePath(file.path);
+          }
+        }catch(e){
+          return pool.storeErr(e, capi.SQLITE_IOERR);
+        }
+      }
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xDeviceCharacteristics: function(pFile){
+      return capi.SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN;
+    },
+    xFileControl: function(pFile, opId, pArg){
+      return capi.SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
+    },
+    xFileSize: function(pFile,pSz64){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.log(`xFileSize`);
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      const size = file.sah.getSize() - HEADER_OFFSET_DATA;
+      //log(`xFileSize ${file.path} ${size}`);
+      wasm.poke64(pSz64, BigInt(size));
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xLock: function(pFile,lockType){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.log(`xLock ${lockType}`);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      file.lockType = lockType;
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xRead: function(pFile,pDest,n,offset64){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      pool.log(`xRead ${file.path} ${n} @ ${offset64}`);
+      try {
+        const nRead = file.sah.read(
+          wasm.heap8u().subarray(pDest, pDest+n),
+          {at: HEADER_OFFSET_DATA + Number(offset64)}
+        );
+        if(nRead < n){
+          wasm.heap8u().fill(0, pDest + nRead, pDest + n);
+          return capi.SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ;
+        }
+        return 0;
+      }catch(e){
+        return pool.storeErr(e, capi.SQLITE_IOERR);
+      }
+    },
+    xSectorSize: function(pFile){
+      return SECTOR_SIZE;
+    },
+    xSync: function(pFile,flags){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.log(`xSync ${flags}`);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      //log(`xSync ${file.path} ${flags}`);
+      try{
+        file.sah.flush();
+        return 0;
+      }catch(e){
+        return pool.storeErr(e, capi.SQLITE_IOERR);
+      }
+    },
+    xTruncate: function(pFile,sz64){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.log(`xTruncate ${sz64}`);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      //log(`xTruncate ${file.path} ${iSize}`);
+      try{
+        file.sah.truncate(HEADER_OFFSET_DATA + Number(sz64));
+        return 0;
+      }catch(e){
+        return pool.storeErr(e, capi.SQLITE_IOERR);
+      }
+    },
+    xUnlock: function(pFile,lockType){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.log('xUnlock');
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      file.lockType = lockType;
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xWrite: function(pFile,pSrc,n,offset64){
+      const pool = getPoolForPFile(pFile);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      const file = pool.getOFileForS3File(pFile);
+      pool.log(`xWrite ${file.path} ${n} ${offset64}`);
+      try{
+        const nBytes = file.sah.write(
+          wasm.heap8u().subarray(pSrc, pSrc+n),
+          { at: HEADER_OFFSET_DATA + Number(offset64) }
+        );
+        return n===nBytes ? 0 : toss("Unknown write() failure.");
+      }catch(e){
+        return pool.storeErr(e, capi.SQLITE_IOERR);
+      }
+    }
+  }/*ioMethods*/;
+
+  const opfsIoMethods = new capi.sqlite3_io_methods();
+  opfsIoMethods.$iVersion = 1;
+  sqlite3.vfs.installVfs({
+    io: {struct: opfsIoMethods, methods: ioMethods}
+  });
+
+  /**
+     Impls for the sqlite3_vfs methods. Maintenance reminder: members
+     are in alphabetical order to simplify finding them.
+  */
+  const vfsMethods = {
+    xAccess: function(pVfs,zName,flags,pOut){
+      //log(`xAccess ${wasm.cstrToJs(zName)}`);
+      const pool = getPoolForVfs(pVfs);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      try{
+        const name = pool.getPath(zName);
+        wasm.poke32(pOut, pool.hasFilename(name) ? 1 : 0);
+      }catch(e){
+        /*ignored*/
+        wasm.poke32(pOut, 0);
+      }
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xCurrentTime: function(pVfs,pOut){
+      wasm.poke(pOut, 2440587.5 + (new Date().getTime()/86400000),
+                'double');
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xCurrentTimeInt64: function(pVfs,pOut){
+      wasm.poke(pOut, (2440587.5 * 86400000) + new Date().getTime(),
+                'i64');
+      return 0;
+    },
+    xDelete: function(pVfs, zName, doSyncDir){
+      const pool = getPoolForVfs(pVfs);
+      pool.log(`xDelete ${wasm.cstrToJs(zName)}`);
+      pool.storeErr();
+      try{
+        pool.deletePath(pool.getPath(zName));
+        return 0;
+      }catch(e){
+        pool.storeErr(e);
+        return capi.SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE;
+      }
+    },
+    xFullPathname: function(pVfs,zName,nOut,pOut){
+      //const pool = getPoolForVfs(pVfs);
+      //pool.log(`xFullPathname ${wasm.cstrToJs(zName)}`);
+      const i = wasm.cstrncpy(pOut, zName, nOut);
+      return i<nOut ? 0 : capi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
+    },
+    xGetLastError: function(pVfs,nOut,pOut){
+      const pool = getPoolForVfs(pVfs);
+      const e = pool.popErr();
+      pool.log(`xGetLastError ${nOut} e =`,e);
+      if(e){
+        const scope = wasm.scopedAllocPush();
+        try{
+          const [cMsg, n] = wasm.scopedAllocCString(e.message, true);
+          wasm.cstrncpy(pOut, cMsg, nOut);
+          if(n > nOut) wasm.poke8(pOut + nOut - 1, 0);
+        }catch(e){
+          return capi.SQLITE_NOMEM;
+        }finally{
+          wasm.scopedAllocPop(scope);
+        }
+      }
+      return e ? (e.sqlite3Rc || capi.SQLITE_IOERR) : 0;
+    },
+    //xSleep is optionally defined below
+    xOpen: function f(pVfs, zName, pFile, flags, pOutFlags){
+      const pool = getPoolForVfs(pVfs);
+      try{
+        pool.log(`xOpen ${wasm.cstrToJs(zName)} ${flags}`);
+        // First try to open a path that already exists in the file system.
+        const path = (zName && wasm.peek8(zName))
+              ? pool.getPath(zName)
+              : getRandomName();
+        let sah = pool.getSAHForPath(path);
+        if(!sah && (flags & capi.SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE)) {
+          // File not found so try to create it.
+          if(pool.getFileCount() < pool.getCapacity()) {
+            // Choose an unassociated OPFS file from the pool.
+            sah = pool.nextAvailableSAH();
+            pool.setAssociatedPath(sah, path, flags);
+          }else{
+            // File pool is full.
+            toss('SAH pool is full. Cannot create file',path);
+          }
+        }
+        if(!sah){
+          toss('file not found:',path);
+        }
+        // Subsequent I/O methods are only passed the sqlite3_file
+        // pointer, so map the relevant info we need to that pointer.
+        const file = {path, flags, sah};
+        pool.mapS3FileToOFile(pFile, file);
+        file.lockType = capi.SQLITE_LOCK_NONE;
+        const sq3File = new capi.sqlite3_file(pFile);
+        sq3File.$pMethods = opfsIoMethods.pointer;
+        sq3File.dispose();
+        wasm.poke32(pOutFlags, flags);
+        return 0;
+      }catch(e){
+        pool.storeErr(e);
+        return capi.SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
+      }
+    }/*xOpen()*/
+  }/*vfsMethods*/;
+
+  /**
+     Creates and initializes an sqlite3_vfs instance for an
+     OpfsSAHPool. The argument is the VFS's name (JS string).
+
+     Throws if the VFS name is already registered or if something
+     goes terribly wrong via sqlite3.vfs.installVfs().
+
+     Maintenance reminder: the only detail about the returned object
+     which is specific to any given OpfsSAHPool instance is the $zName
+     member. All other state is identical.
+  */
+  const createOpfsVfs = function(vfsName){
+    if( sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(vfsName)){
+      toss3("VFS name is already registered:", vfsName);
+    }
+    const opfsVfs = new capi.sqlite3_vfs();
+    /* We fetch the default VFS so that we can inherit some
+       methods from it. */
+    const pDVfs = capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(null);
+    const dVfs = pDVfs
+          ? new capi.sqlite3_vfs(pDVfs)
+          : null /* dVfs will be null when sqlite3 is built with
+                    SQLITE_OS_OTHER. */;
+    opfsVfs.$iVersion = 2/*yes, two*/;
+    opfsVfs.$szOsFile = capi.sqlite3_file.structInfo.sizeof;
+    opfsVfs.$mxPathname = HEADER_MAX_PATH_SIZE;
+    opfsVfs.addOnDispose(
+      opfsVfs.$zName = wasm.allocCString(vfsName),
+      ()=>setPoolForVfs(opfsVfs.pointer, 0)
+    );
+
+    if(dVfs){
+      /* Inherit certain VFS members from the default VFS,
+         if available. */
+      opfsVfs.$xRandomness = dVfs.$xRandomness;
+      opfsVfs.$xSleep = dVfs.$xSleep;
+      dVfs.dispose();
+    }
+    if(!opfsVfs.$xRandomness && !vfsMethods.xRandomness){
+      /* If the default VFS has no xRandomness(), add a basic JS impl... */
+      vfsMethods.xRandomness = function(pVfs, nOut, pOut){
+        const heap = wasm.heap8u();
+        let i = 0;
+        for(; i < nOut; ++i) heap[pOut + i] = (Math.random()*255000) & 0xFF;
+        return i;
+      };
+    }
+    if(!opfsVfs.$xSleep && !vfsMethods.xSleep){
+      vfsMethods.xSleep = (pVfs,ms)=>0;
+    }
+    sqlite3.vfs.installVfs({
+      vfs: {struct: opfsVfs, methods: vfsMethods}
+    });
+    return opfsVfs;
+  };
+
+  /**
+     Class for managing OPFS-related state for the
+     OPFS SharedAccessHandle Pool sqlite3_vfs.
+  */
+  class OpfsSAHPool {
+    /* OPFS dir in which VFS metadata is stored. */
+    vfsDir;
+    /* Directory handle to this.vfsDir. */
+    #dhVfsRoot;
+    /* Directory handle to the subdir of this.#dhVfsRoot which holds
+       the randomly-named "opaque" files. This subdir exists in the
+       hope that we can eventually support client-created files in
+       this.#dhVfsRoot. */
+    #dhOpaque;
+    /* Directory handle to this.dhVfsRoot's parent dir. Needed
+       for a VFS-wipe op. */
+    #dhVfsParent;
+    /* Maps SAHs to their opaque file names. */
+    #mapSAHToName = new Map();
+    /* Maps client-side file names to SAHs. */
+    #mapFilenameToSAH = new Map();
+    /* Set of currently-unused SAHs. */
+    #availableSAH = new Set();
+    /* Maps (sqlite3_file*) to xOpen's file objects. */
+    #mapS3FileToOFile_ = new Map();
+
+    /* Maps SAH to an abstract File Object which contains
+       various metadata about that handle. */
+    //#mapSAHToMeta = new Map();
+
+    /** Buffer used by [sg]etAssociatedPath(). */
+    #apBody = new Uint8Array(HEADER_CORPUS_SIZE);
+    // DataView for this.#apBody
+    #dvBody;
+
+    // associated sqlite3_vfs instance
+    #cVfs;
+
+    // Logging verbosity. See optionDefaults.verbosity.
+    #verbosity;
+
+    constructor(options = Object.create(null)){
+      this.#verbosity = options.verbosity ?? optionDefaults.verbosity;
+      this.vfsName = options.name || optionDefaults.name;
+      this.#cVfs = createOpfsVfs(this.vfsName);
+      setPoolForVfs(this.#cVfs.pointer, this);
+      this.vfsDir = options.directory || ("."+this.vfsName);
+      this.#dvBody =
+        new DataView(this.#apBody.buffer, this.#apBody.byteOffset);
+      this.isReady = this
+        .reset(!!(options.clearOnInit ?? optionDefaults.clearOnInit))
+        .then(()=>{
+          if(this.$error) throw this.$error;
+          return this.getCapacity()
+            ? Promise.resolve(undefined)
+            : this.addCapacity(options.initialCapacity
+                               || optionDefaults.initialCapacity);
+        });
+    }
+
+    #logImpl(level,...args){
+      if(this.#verbosity>level) loggers[level](this.vfsName+":",...args);
+    };
+    log(...args){this.#logImpl(2, ...args)};
+    warn(...args){this.#logImpl(1, ...args)};
+    error(...args){this.#logImpl(0, ...args)};
+
+    getVfs(){return this.#cVfs}
+
+    /* Current pool capacity. */
+    getCapacity(){return this.#mapSAHToName.size}
+
+    /* Current number of in-use files from pool. */
+    getFileCount(){return this.#mapFilenameToSAH.size}
+
+    /* Returns an array of the names of all
+       currently-opened client-specified filenames. */
+    getFileNames(){
+      const rc = [];
+      const iter = this.#mapFilenameToSAH.keys();
+      for(const n of iter) rc.push(n);
+      return rc;
+    }
+
+//    #createFileObject(sah,clientName,opaqueName){
+//      const f = Object.assign(Object.create(null),{
+//        clientName, opaqueName
+//      });
+//      this.#mapSAHToMeta.set(sah, f);
+//      return f;
+//    }
+//    #unmapFileObject(sah){
+//      this.#mapSAHToMeta.delete(sah);
+//    }
+
+    /**
+       Adds n files to the pool's capacity. This change is
+       persistent across settings. Returns a Promise which resolves
+       to the new capacity.
+    */
+    async addCapacity(n){
+      for(let i = 0; i < n; ++i){
+        const name = getRandomName();
+        const h = await this.#dhOpaque.getFileHandle(name, {create:true});
+        const ah = await h.createSyncAccessHandle();
+        this.#mapSAHToName.set(ah,name);
+        this.setAssociatedPath(ah, '', 0);
+        //this.#createFileObject(ah,undefined,name);
+      }
+      return this.getCapacity();
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Reduce capacity by n, but can only reduce up to the limit
+       of currently-available SAHs. Returns a Promise which resolves
+       to the number of slots really removed.
+    */
+    async reduceCapacity(n){
+      let nRm = 0;
+      for(const ah of Array.from(this.#availableSAH)){
+        if(nRm === n || this.getFileCount() === this.getCapacity()){
+          break;
+        }
+        const name = this.#mapSAHToName.get(ah);
+        //this.#unmapFileObject(ah);
+        ah.close();
+        await this.#dhOpaque.removeEntry(name);
+        this.#mapSAHToName.delete(ah);
+        this.#availableSAH.delete(ah);
+        ++nRm;
+      }
+      return nRm;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Releases all currently-opened SAHs. The only legal
+       operation after this is acquireAccessHandles().
+    */
+    releaseAccessHandles(){
+      for(const ah of this.#mapSAHToName.keys()) ah.close();
+      this.#mapSAHToName.clear();
+      this.#mapFilenameToSAH.clear();
+      this.#availableSAH.clear();
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Opens all files under this.vfsDir/this.#dhOpaque and acquires
+       a SAH for each. returns a Promise which resolves to no value
+       but completes once all SAHs are acquired. If acquiring an SAH
+       throws, SAHPool.$error will contain the corresponding
+       exception.
+
+       If clearFiles is true, the client-stored state of each file is
+       cleared when its handle is acquired, including its name, flags,
+       and any data stored after the metadata block.
+    */
+    async acquireAccessHandles(clearFiles){
+      const files = [];
+      for await (const [name,h] of this.#dhOpaque){
+        if('file'===h.kind){
+          files.push([name,h]);
+        }
+      }
+      return Promise.all(files.map(async([name,h])=>{
+        try{
+          const ah = await h.createSyncAccessHandle()
+          this.#mapSAHToName.set(ah, name);
+          if(clearFiles){
+            ah.truncate(HEADER_OFFSET_DATA);
+            this.setAssociatedPath(ah, '', 0);
+          }else{
+            const path = this.getAssociatedPath(ah);
+            if(path){
+              this.#mapFilenameToSAH.set(path, ah);
+            }else{
+              this.#availableSAH.add(ah);
+            }
+          }
+        }catch(e){
+          this.storeErr(e);
+          this.releaseAccessHandles();
+          throw e;
+        }
+      }));
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Given an SAH, returns the client-specified name of
+       that file by extracting it from the SAH's header.
+
+       On error, it disassociates SAH from the pool and
+       returns an empty string.
+    */
+    getAssociatedPath(sah){
+      sah.read(this.#apBody, {at: 0});
+      // Delete any unexpected files left over by previous
+      // untimely errors...
+      const flags = this.#dvBody.getUint32(HEADER_OFFSET_FLAGS);
+      if(this.#apBody[0] &&
+         ((flags & capi.SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE) ||
+          (flags & PERSISTENT_FILE_TYPES)===0)){
+        warn(`Removing file with unexpected flags ${flags.toString(16)}`,
+             this.#apBody);
+        this.setAssociatedPath(sah, '', 0);
+        return '';
+      }
+
+      const fileDigest = new Uint32Array(HEADER_DIGEST_SIZE / 4);
+      sah.read(fileDigest, {at: HEADER_OFFSET_DIGEST});
+      const compDigest = this.computeDigest(this.#apBody);
+      if(fileDigest.every((v,i) => v===compDigest[i])){
+        // Valid digest
+        const pathBytes = this.#apBody.findIndex((v)=>0===v);
+        if(0===pathBytes){
+          // This file is unassociated, so truncate it to avoid
+          // leaving stale db data laying around.
+          sah.truncate(HEADER_OFFSET_DATA);
+        }
+        return pathBytes
+          ? textDecoder.decode(this.#apBody.subarray(0,pathBytes))
+          : '';
+      }else{
+        // Invalid digest
+        warn('Disassociating file with bad digest.');
+        this.setAssociatedPath(sah, '', 0);
+        return '';
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Stores the given client-defined path and SQLITE_OPEN_xyz flags
+       into the given SAH. If path is an empty string then the file is
+       disassociated from the pool but its previous name is preserved
+       in the metadata.
+    */
+    setAssociatedPath(sah, path, flags){
+      const enc = textEncoder.encodeInto(path, this.#apBody);
+      if(HEADER_MAX_PATH_SIZE <= enc.written + 1/*NUL byte*/){
+        toss("Path too long:",path);
+      }
+      this.#apBody.fill(0, enc.written, HEADER_MAX_PATH_SIZE);
+      this.#dvBody.setUint32(HEADER_OFFSET_FLAGS, flags);
+
+      const digest = this.computeDigest(this.#apBody);
+      sah.write(this.#apBody, {at: 0});
+      sah.write(digest, {at: HEADER_OFFSET_DIGEST});
+      sah.flush();
+
+      if(path){
+        this.#mapFilenameToSAH.set(path, sah);
+        this.#availableSAH.delete(sah);
+      }else{
+        // This is not a persistent file, so eliminate the contents.
+        sah.truncate(HEADER_OFFSET_DATA);
+        this.#availableSAH.add(sah);
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Computes a digest for the given byte array and returns it as a
+       two-element Uint32Array. This digest gets stored in the
+       metadata for each file as a validation check. Changing this
+       algorithm invalidates all existing databases for this VFS, so
+       don't do that.
+    */
+    computeDigest(byteArray){
+      let h1 = 0xdeadbeef;
+      let h2 = 0x41c6ce57;
+      for(const v of byteArray){
+        h1 = 31 * h1 + (v * 307);
+        h2 = 31 * h2 + (v * 307);
+      }
+      return new Uint32Array([h1>>>0, h2>>>0]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Re-initializes the state of the SAH pool, releasing and
+       re-acquiring all handles.
+
+       See acquireAccessHandles() for the specifics of the clearFiles
+       argument.
+    */
+    async reset(clearFiles){
+      await this.isReady;
+      let h = await navigator.storage.getDirectory();
+      let prev, prevName;
+      for(const d of this.vfsDir.split('/')){
+        if(d){
+          prev = h;
+          h = await h.getDirectoryHandle(d,{create:true});
+        }
+      }
+      this.#dhVfsRoot = h;
+      this.#dhVfsParent = prev;
+      this.#dhOpaque = await this.#dhVfsRoot.getDirectoryHandle(
+        OPAQUE_DIR_NAME,{create:true}
+      );
+      this.releaseAccessHandles();
+      return this.acquireAccessHandles(clearFiles);
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Returns the pathname part of the given argument,
+       which may be any of:
+
+       - a URL object
+       - A JS string representing a file name
+       - Wasm C-string representing a file name
+
+       All "../" parts and duplicate slashes are resolve/removed from
+       the returned result.
+    */
+    getPath(arg) {
+      if(wasm.isPtr(arg)) arg = wasm.cstrToJs(arg);
+      return ((arg instanceof URL)
+              ? arg
+              : new URL(arg, 'file://localhost/')).pathname;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Removes the association of the given client-specified file
+       name (JS string) from the pool. Returns true if a mapping
+       is found, else false.
+    */
+    deletePath(path) {
+      const sah = this.#mapFilenameToSAH.get(path);
+      if(sah) {
+        // Un-associate the name from the SAH.
+        this.#mapFilenameToSAH.delete(path);
+        this.setAssociatedPath(sah, '', 0);
+      }
+      return !!sah;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Sets e (an Error object) as this object's current error. Pass a
+       falsy (or no) value to clear it. If code is truthy it is
+       assumed to be an SQLITE_xxx result code, defaulting to
+       SQLITE_IOERR if code is falsy.
+
+       Returns the 2nd argument.
+    */
+    storeErr(e,code){
+      if(e){
+        e.sqlite3Rc = code || capi.SQLITE_IOERR;
+        this.error(e);
+      }
+      this.$error = e;
+      return code;
+    }
+    /**
+       Pops this object's Error object and returns
+       it (a falsy value if no error is set).
+    */
+    popErr(){
+      const rc = this.$error;
+      this.$error = undefined;
+      return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Returns the next available SAH without removing
+       it from the set.
+    */
+    nextAvailableSAH(){
+      const [rc] = this.#availableSAH.keys();
+      return rc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Given an (sqlite3_file*), returns the mapped
+       xOpen file object.
+    */
+    getOFileForS3File(pFile){
+      return this.#mapS3FileToOFile_.get(pFile);
+    }
+    /**
+       Maps or unmaps (if file is falsy) the given (sqlite3_file*)
+       to an xOpen file object and to this pool object.
+    */
+    mapS3FileToOFile(pFile,file){
+      if(file){
+        this.#mapS3FileToOFile_.set(pFile, file);
+        setPoolForPFile(pFile, this);
+      }else{
+        this.#mapS3FileToOFile_.delete(pFile);
+        setPoolForPFile(pFile, false);
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Returns true if the given client-defined file name is in this
+       object's name-to-SAH map.
+    */
+    hasFilename(name){
+      return this.#mapFilenameToSAH.has(name)
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Returns the SAH associated with the given
+       client-defined file name.
+    */
+    getSAHForPath(path){
+      return this.#mapFilenameToSAH.get(path);
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Removes this object's sqlite3_vfs registration and shuts down
+       this object, releasing all handles, mappings, and whatnot,
+       including deleting its data directory. There is currently no
+       way to "revive" the object and reaquire its resources.
+
+       This function is intended primarily for testing.
+
+       Resolves to true if it did its job, false if the
+       VFS has already been shut down.
+    */
+    async removeVfs(){
+      if(!this.#cVfs.pointer || !this.#dhOpaque) return false;
+      capi.sqlite3_vfs_unregister(this.#cVfs.pointer);
+      this.#cVfs.dispose();
+      try{
+        this.releaseAccessHandles();
+        await this.#dhVfsRoot.removeEntry(OPAQUE_DIR_NAME, {recursive: true});
+        this.#dhOpaque = undefined;
+        await this.#dhVfsParent.removeEntry(
+          this.#dhVfsRoot.name, {recursive: true}
+        );
+        this.#dhVfsRoot = this.#dhVfsParent = undefined;
+      }catch(e){
+        sqlite3.config.error(this.vfsName,"removeVfs() failed:",e);
+        /*otherwise ignored - there is no recovery strategy*/
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
+
+
+    //! Documented elsewhere in this file.
+    exportFile(name){
+      const sah = this.#mapFilenameToSAH.get(name) || toss("File not found:",name);
+      const n = sah.getSize() - HEADER_OFFSET_DATA;
+      const b = new Uint8Array(n>0 ? n : 0);
+      if(n>0){
+        const nRead = sah.read(b, {at: HEADER_OFFSET_DATA});
+        if(nRead != n){
+          toss("Expected to read "+n+" bytes but read "+nRead+".");
+        }
+      }
+      return b;
+    }
+
+    //! Impl for importDb() when its 2nd arg is a function.
+    async importDbChunked(name, callback){
+      const sah = this.#mapFilenameToSAH.get(name)
+            || this.nextAvailableSAH()
+            || toss("No available handles to import to.");
+      sah.truncate(0);
+      let nWrote = 0, chunk, checkedHeader = false, err = false;
+      try{
+        while( undefined !== (chunk = await callback()) ){
+          if(chunk instanceof ArrayBuffer) chunk = new Uint8Array(chunk);
+          if( 0===nWrote && chunk.byteLength>=15 ){
+            util.affirmDbHeader(chunk);
+            checkedHeader = true;
+          }
+          sah.write(chunk, {at:  HEADER_OFFSET_DATA + nWrote});
+          nWrote += chunk.byteLength;
+        }
+        if( nWrote < 512 || 0!==nWrote % 512 ){
+          toss("Input size",nWrote,"is not correct for an SQLite database.");
+        }
+        if( !checkedHeader ){
+          const header = new Uint8Array(20);
+          sah.read( header, {at: 0} );
+          util.affirmDbHeader( header );
+        }
+        sah.write(new Uint8Array([1,1]), {
+          at: HEADER_OFFSET_DATA + 18
+        }/*force db out of WAL mode*/);
+      }catch(e){
+        this.setAssociatedPath(sah, '', 0);
+        throw e;
+      }
+      this.setAssociatedPath(sah, name, capi.SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB);
+      return nWrote;
+    }
+
+    //! Documented elsewhere in this file.
+    importDb(name, bytes){
+      if( bytes instanceof ArrayBuffer ) bytes = new Uint8Array(bytes);
+      else if( bytes instanceof Function ) return this.importDbChunked(name, bytes);
+      const sah = this.#mapFilenameToSAH.get(name)
+            || this.nextAvailableSAH()
+            || toss("No available handles to import to.");
+      const n = bytes.byteLength;
+      if(n<512 || n%512!=0){
+        toss("Byte array size is invalid for an SQLite db.");
+      }
+      const header = "SQLite format 3";
+      for(let i = 0; i < header.length; ++i){
+        if( header.charCodeAt(i) !== bytes[i] ){
+          toss("Input does not contain an SQLite database header.");
+        }
+      }
+      const nWrote = sah.write(bytes, {at: HEADER_OFFSET_DATA});
+      if(nWrote != n){
+        this.setAssociatedPath(sah, '', 0);
+        toss("Expected to write "+n+" bytes but wrote "+nWrote+".");
+      }else{
+        sah.write(new Uint8Array([1,1]), {at: HEADER_OFFSET_DATA+18}
+                   /* force db out of WAL mode */);
+        this.setAssociatedPath(sah, name, capi.SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB);
+      }
+      return nWrote;
+    }
+
+  }/*class OpfsSAHPool*/;
+
+
+  /**
+     A OpfsSAHPoolUtil instance is exposed to clients in order to
+     manipulate an OpfsSAHPool object without directly exposing that
+     object and allowing for some semantic changes compared to that
+     class.
+
+     Class docs are in the client-level docs for
+     installOpfsSAHPoolVfs().
+  */
+  class OpfsSAHPoolUtil {
+    /* This object's associated OpfsSAHPool. */
+    #p;
+
+    constructor(sahPool){
+      this.#p = sahPool;
+      this.vfsName = sahPool.vfsName;
+    }
+
+    async addCapacity(n){ return this.#p.addCapacity(n) }
+
+    async reduceCapacity(n){ return this.#p.reduceCapacity(n) }
+
+    getCapacity(){ return this.#p.getCapacity(this.#p) }
+
+    getFileCount(){ return this.#p.getFileCount() }
+    getFileNames(){ return this.#p.getFileNames() }
+
+    async reserveMinimumCapacity(min){
+      const c = this.#p.getCapacity();
+      return (c < min) ? this.#p.addCapacity(min - c) : c;
+    }
+
+    exportFile(name){ return this.#p.exportFile(name) }
+
+    importDb(name, bytes){ return this.#p.importDb(name,bytes) }
+
+    async wipeFiles(){ return this.#p.reset(true) }
+
+    unlink(filename){ return this.#p.deletePath(filename) }
+
+    async removeVfs(){ return this.#p.removeVfs() }
+
+  }/* class OpfsSAHPoolUtil */;
+
+  /**
+     Returns a resolved Promise if the current environment
+     has a "fully-sync" SAH impl, else a rejected Promise.
+  */
+  const apiVersionCheck = async ()=>{
+    const dh = await navigator.storage.getDirectory();
+    const fn = '.opfs-sahpool-sync-check-'+getRandomName();
+    const fh = await dh.getFileHandle(fn, { create: true });
+    const ah = await fh.createSyncAccessHandle();
+    const close = ah.close();
+    await close;
+    await dh.removeEntry(fn);
+    if(close?.then){
+      toss("The local OPFS API is too old for opfs-sahpool:",
+           "it has an async FileSystemSyncAccessHandle.close() method.");
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  /** Only for testing a rejection case. */
+  let instanceCounter = 0;
+
+  /**
+     installOpfsSAHPoolVfs() asynchronously initializes the OPFS
+     SyncAccessHandle (a.k.a. SAH) Pool VFS. It returns a Promise which
+     either resolves to a utility object described below or rejects with
+     an Error value.
+
+     Initialization of this VFS is not automatic because its
+     registration requires that it lock all resources it
+     will potentially use, even if client code does not want
+     to use them. That, in turn, can lead to locking errors
+     when, for example, one page in a given origin has loaded
+     this VFS but does not use it, then another page in that
+     origin tries to use the VFS. If the VFS were automatically
+     registered, the second page would fail to load the VFS
+     due to OPFS locking errors.
+
+     If this function is called more than once with a given "name"
+     option (see below), it will return the same Promise. Calls for
+     different names will return different Promises which resolve to
+     independent objects and refer to different VFS registrations.
+
+     On success, the resulting Promise resolves to a utility object
+     which can be used to query and manipulate the pool. Its API is
+     described at the end of these docs.
+
+     This function accepts an options object to configure certain
+     parts but it is only acknowledged for the very first call and
+     ignored for all subsequent calls.
+
+     The options, in alphabetical order:
+
+     - `clearOnInit`: (default=false) if truthy, contents and filename
+     mapping are removed from each SAH it is acquired during
+     initalization of the VFS, leaving the VFS's storage in a pristine
+     state. Use this only for databases which need not survive a page
+     reload.
+
+     - `initialCapacity`: (default=6) Specifies the default capacity of
+     the VFS. This should not be set unduly high because the VFS has
+     to open (and keep open) a file for each entry in the pool. This
+     setting only has an effect when the pool is initially empty. It
+     does not have any effect if a pool already exists.
+
+     - `directory`: (default="."+`name`) Specifies the OPFS directory
+     name in which to store metadata for the `"opfs-sahpool"`
+     sqlite3_vfs.  Only one instance of this VFS can be installed per
+     JavaScript engine, and any two engines with the same storage
+     directory name will collide with each other, leading to locking
+     errors and the inability to register the VFS in the second and
+     subsequent engine. Using a different directory name for each
+     application enables different engines in the same HTTP origin to
+     co-exist, but their data are invisible to each other. Changing
+     this name will effectively orphan any databases stored under
+     previous names. The default is unspecified but descriptive.  This
+     option may contain multiple path elements, e.g. "foo/bar/baz",
+     and they are created automatically.  In practice there should be
+     no driving need to change this. ACHTUNG: all files in this
+     directory are assumed to be managed by the VFS. Do not place
+     other files in that directory, as they may be deleted or
+     otherwise modified by the VFS.
+
+     - `name`: (default="opfs-sahpool") sets the name to register this
+     VFS under. Normally this should not be changed, but it is
+     possible to register this VFS under multiple names so long as
+     each has its own separate directory to work from. The storage for
+     each is invisible to all others. The name must be a string
+     compatible with `sqlite3_vfs_register()` and friends and suitable
+     for use in URI-style database file names.
+
+     Achtung: if a custom `name` is provided, a custom `directory`
+     must also be provided if any other instance is registered with
+     the default directory. If no directory is explicitly provided
+     then a directory name is synthesized from the `name` option.
+
+     Peculiarities of this VFS:
+
+     - Paths given to it _must_ be absolute. Relative paths will not
+     be properly recognized. This is arguably a bug but correcting it
+     requires some hoop-jumping in routines which have no business
+     doing tricks.
+
+     - It is possible to install multiple instances under different
+     names, each sandboxed from one another inside their own private
+     directory.  This feature exists primarily as a way for disparate
+     applications within a given HTTP origin to use this VFS without
+     introducing locking issues between them.
+
+
+     The API for the utility object passed on by this function's
+     Promise, in alphabetical order...
+
+     - [async] number addCapacity(n)
+
+     Adds `n` entries to the current pool. This change is persistent
+     across sessions so should not be called automatically at each app
+     startup (but see `reserveMinimumCapacity()`). Its returned Promise
+     resolves to the new capacity.  Because this operation is necessarily
+     asynchronous, the C-level VFS API cannot call this on its own as
+     needed.
+
+     - byteArray exportFile(name)
+
+     Synchronously reads the contents of the given file into a Uint8Array
+     and returns it. This will throw if the given name is not currently
+     in active use or on I/O error. Note that the given name is _not_
+     visible directly in OPFS (or, if it is, it's not from this VFS).
+
+     - number getCapacity()
+
+     Returns the number of files currently contained
+     in the SAH pool. The default capacity is only large enough for one
+     or two databases and their associated temp files.
+
+     - number getFileCount()
+
+     Returns the number of files from the pool currently allocated to
+     slots. This is not the same as the files being "opened".
+
+     - array getFileNames()
+
+     Returns an array of the names of the files currently allocated to
+     slots. This list is the same length as getFileCount().
+
+     - void importDb(name, bytes)
+
+     Imports the contents of an SQLite database, provided as a byte
+     array or ArrayBuffer, under the given name, overwriting any
+     existing content. Throws if the pool has no available file slots,
+     on I/O error, or if the input does not appear to be a
+     database. In the latter case, only a cursory examination is made.
+     Note that this routine is _only_ for importing database files,
+     not arbitrary files, the reason being that this VFS will
+     automatically clean up any non-database files so importing them
+     is pointless.
+
+     If passed a function for its second argument, its behavior
+     changes to asynchronous and it imports its data in chunks fed to
+     it by the given callback function. It calls the callback (which
+     may be async) repeatedly, expecting either a Uint8Array or
+     ArrayBuffer (to denote new input) or undefined (to denote
+     EOF). For so long as the callback continues to return
+     non-undefined, it will append incoming data to the given
+     VFS-hosted database file. The result of the resolved Promise when
+     called this way is the size of the resulting database.
+
+     On succes this routine rewrites the database header bytes in the
+     output file (not the input array) to force disabling of WAL mode.
+
+     On a write error, the handle is removed from the pool and made
+     available for re-use.
+
+     - [async] number reduceCapacity(n)
+
+     Removes up to `n` entries from the pool, with the caveat that it can
+     only remove currently-unused entries. It returns a Promise which
+     resolves to the number of entries actually removed.
+
+     - [async] boolean removeVfs()
+
+     Unregisters the opfs-sahpool VFS and removes its directory from OPFS
+     (which means that _all client content_ is removed). After calling
+     this, the VFS may no longer be used and there is no way to re-add it
+     aside from reloading the current JavaScript context.
+
+     Results are undefined if a database is currently in use with this
+     VFS.
+
+     The returned Promise resolves to true if it performed the removal
+     and false if the VFS was not installed.
+
+     If the VFS has a multi-level directory, e.g. "/foo/bar/baz", _only_
+     the bottom-most directory is removed because this VFS cannot know for
+     certain whether the higher-level directories contain data which
+     should be removed.
+
+     - [async] number reserveMinimumCapacity(min)
+
+     If the current capacity is less than `min`, the capacity is
+     increased to `min`, else this returns with no side effects. The
+     resulting Promise resolves to the new capacity.
+
+     - boolean unlink(filename)
+
+     If a virtual file exists with the given name, disassociates it from
+     the pool and returns true, else returns false without side
+     effects. Results are undefined if the file is currently in active
+     use.
+
+     - string vfsName
+
+     The SQLite VFS name under which this pool's VFS is registered.
+
+     - [async] void wipeFiles()
+
+     Clears all client-defined state of all SAHs and makes all of them
+     available for re-use by the pool. Results are undefined if any such
+     handles are currently in use, e.g. by an sqlite3 db.
+  */
+  sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs = async function(options=Object.create(null)){
+    const vfsName = options.name || optionDefaults.name;
+    if(0 && 2===++instanceCounter){
+      throw new Error("Just testing rejection.");
+    }
+    if(initPromises[vfsName]){
+      //console.warn("Returning same OpfsSAHPool result",options,vfsName,initPromises[vfsName]);
+      return initPromises[vfsName];
+    }
+    if(!globalThis.FileSystemHandle ||
+       !globalThis.FileSystemDirectoryHandle ||
+       !globalThis.FileSystemFileHandle ||
+       !globalThis.FileSystemFileHandle.prototype.createSyncAccessHandle ||
+       !navigator?.storage?.getDirectory){
+      return (initPromises[vfsName] = Promise.reject(new Error("Missing required OPFS APIs.")));
+    }
+
+    /**
+       Maintenance reminder: the order of ASYNC ops in this function
+       is significant. We need to have them all chained at the very
+       end in order to be able to catch a race condition where
+       installOpfsSAHPoolVfs() is called twice in rapid succession,
+       e.g.:
+
+       installOpfsSAHPoolVfs().then(console.warn.bind(console));
+       installOpfsSAHPoolVfs().then(console.warn.bind(console));
+
+       If the timing of the async calls is not "just right" then that
+       second call can end up triggering the init a second time and chaos
+       ensues.
+    */
+    return initPromises[vfsName] = apiVersionCheck().then(async function(){
+      if(options.$testThrowInInit){
+        throw options.$testThrowInInit;
+      }
+      const thePool = new OpfsSAHPool(options);
+      return thePool.isReady.then(async()=>{
+        /** The poolUtil object will be the result of the
+            resolved Promise. */
+        const poolUtil = new OpfsSAHPoolUtil(thePool);
+        if(sqlite3.oo1){
+          const oo1 = sqlite3.oo1;
+          const theVfs = thePool.getVfs();
+          const OpfsSAHPoolDb = function(...args){
+            const opt = oo1.DB.dbCtorHelper.normalizeArgs(...args);
+            opt.vfs = theVfs.$zName;
+            oo1.DB.dbCtorHelper.call(this, opt);
+          };
+          OpfsSAHPoolDb.prototype = Object.create(oo1.DB.prototype);
+          // yes or no? OpfsSAHPoolDb.PoolUtil = poolUtil;
+          poolUtil.OpfsSAHPoolDb = OpfsSAHPoolDb;
+          oo1.DB.dbCtorHelper.setVfsPostOpenSql(
+            theVfs.pointer,
+            function(oo1Db, sqlite3){
+              sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_exec(oo1Db, [
+                /* See notes in sqlite3-vfs-opfs.js */
+                "pragma journal_mode=DELETE;",
+                "pragma cache_size=-16384;"
+              ], 0, 0, 0);
+            }
+          );
+        }/*extend sqlite3.oo1*/
+        thePool.log("VFS initialized.");
+        return poolUtil;
+      }).catch(async (e)=>{
+        await thePool.removeVfs().catch(()=>{});
+        return e;
+      });
+    }).catch((err)=>{
+      //error("rejecting promise:",err);
+      return initPromises[vfsName] = Promise.reject(err);
+    });
+  }/*installOpfsSAHPoolVfs()*/;
+}/*sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers*/);
+//#else
+/*
+  The OPFS SAH Pool VFS parts are elided from builds targeting
+  node.js.
+*/
+//#endif target=node
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js
index 5c584702..af89f216 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+//#ifnot target=node
 /*
   2022-09-18
 
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push(function(sqlite3){
    installOpfsVfs() returns a Promise which, on success, installs an
    sqlite3_vfs named "opfs", suitable for use with all sqlite3 APIs
    which accept a VFS. It is intended to be called via
-   sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializersAsync or an equivalent mechanism.
+   sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers or an equivalent mechanism.
 
    The installed VFS uses the Origin-Private FileSystem API for
    all file storage. On error it is rejected with an exception
@@ -101,6 +102,10 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
     options = Object.create(null);
   }
   const urlParams = new URL(globalThis.location.href).searchParams;
+  if(urlParams.has('opfs-disable')){
+    //sqlite3.config.warn('Explicitly not installing "opfs" VFS due to opfs-disable flag.');
+    return Promise.resolve(sqlite3);
+  }
   if(undefined===options.verbose){
     options.verbose = urlParams.has('opfs-verbose')
       ? (+urlParams.get('opfs-verbose') || 2) : 1;
@@ -118,11 +123,11 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
     options.proxyUri = options.proxyUri();
   }
   const thePromise = new Promise(function(promiseResolve_, promiseReject_){
-    const loggers = {
-      0:sqlite3.config.error,
-      1:sqlite3.config.warn,
-      2:sqlite3.config.log
-    };
+    const loggers = [
+      sqlite3.config.error,
+      sqlite3.config.warn,
+      sqlite3.config.log
+    ];
     const logImpl = (level,...args)=>{
       if(options.verbose>level) loggers[level]("OPFS syncer:",...args);
     };
@@ -131,6 +136,7 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
     const error =  (...args)=>logImpl(0, ...args);
     const toss = sqlite3.util.toss;
     const capi = sqlite3.capi;
+    const util = sqlite3.util;
     const wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
     const sqlite3_vfs = capi.sqlite3_vfs;
     const sqlite3_file = capi.sqlite3_file;
@@ -191,17 +197,18 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
         s.count = s.time = 0;
       }
     }/*metrics*/;
-    const opfsVfs = new sqlite3_vfs();
     const opfsIoMethods = new sqlite3_io_methods();
+    const opfsVfs = new sqlite3_vfs()
+          .addOnDispose( ()=>opfsIoMethods.dispose());
     let promiseWasRejected = undefined;
     const promiseReject = (err)=>{
       promiseWasRejected = true;
       opfsVfs.dispose();
       return promiseReject_(err);
     };
-    const promiseResolve = (value)=>{
+    const promiseResolve = ()=>{
       promiseWasRejected = false;
-      return promiseResolve_(value);
+      return promiseResolve_(sqlite3);
     };
     const W =
 //#if target=es6-bundler-friendly
@@ -235,17 +242,17 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
           ? new sqlite3_vfs(pDVfs)
           : null /* dVfs will be null when sqlite3 is built with
                     SQLITE_OS_OTHER. */;
+    opfsIoMethods.$iVersion = 1;
     opfsVfs.$iVersion = 2/*yes, two*/;
     opfsVfs.$szOsFile = capi.sqlite3_file.structInfo.sizeof;
     opfsVfs.$mxPathname = 1024/*sure, why not?*/;
     opfsVfs.$zName = wasm.allocCString("opfs");
     // All C-side memory of opfsVfs is zeroed out, but just to be explicit:
     opfsVfs.$xDlOpen = opfsVfs.$xDlError = opfsVfs.$xDlSym = opfsVfs.$xDlClose = null;
-    opfsVfs.ondispose = [
+    opfsVfs.addOnDispose(
       '$zName', opfsVfs.$zName,
-      'cleanup default VFS wrapper', ()=>(dVfs ? dVfs.dispose() : null),
-      'cleanup opfsIoMethods', ()=>opfsIoMethods.dispose()
-    ];
+      'cleanup default VFS wrapper', ()=>(dVfs ? dVfs.dispose() : null)
+    );
     /**
        Pedantic sidebar about opfsVfs.ondispose: the entries in that array
        are items to clean up when opfsVfs.dispose() is called, but in this
@@ -298,6 +305,7 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
        lock contention to free up.
     */
     state.asyncIdleWaitTime = 150;
+
     /**
        Whether the async counterpart should log exceptions to
        the serialization channel. That produces a great deal of
@@ -484,7 +492,8 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
          This proxy de/serializes cross-thread function arguments and
          output-pointer values via the state.sabIO SharedArrayBuffer,
          using the region defined by (state.sabS11nOffset,
-         state.sabS11nOffset]. Only one dataset is recorded at a time.
+         state.sabS11nOffset + state.sabS11nSize]. Only one dataset is
+         recorded at a time.
 
          This is not a general-purpose format. It only supports the
          range of operations, and data sizes, needed by the
@@ -831,22 +840,19 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
         /* If it turns out that we need to adjust for timezone, see:
            https://stackoverflow.com/a/11760121/1458521 */
         wasm.poke(pOut, 2440587.5 + (new Date().getTime()/86400000),
-                         'double');
+                  'double');
         return 0;
       },
       xCurrentTimeInt64: function(pVfs,pOut){
-        // TODO: confirm that this calculation is correct
         wasm.poke(pOut, (2440587.5 * 86400000) + new Date().getTime(),
-                         'i64');
+                  'i64');
         return 0;
       },
       xDelete: function(pVfs, zName, doSyncDir){
         mTimeStart('xDelete');
-        opRun('xDelete', wasm.cstrToJs(zName), doSyncDir, false);
-        /* We're ignoring errors because we cannot yet differentiate
-           between harmless and non-harmless failures. */
+        const rc = opRun('xDelete', wasm.cstrToJs(zName), doSyncDir, false);
         mTimeEnd();
-        return 0;
+        return rc;
       },
       xFullPathname: function(pVfs,zName,nOut,pOut){
         /* Until/unless we have some notion of "current dir"
@@ -1088,7 +1094,7 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
        propagate any exception on error, rather than returning false.
     */
     opfsUtil.unlink = async function(fsEntryName, recursive = false,
-                                          throwOnError = false){
+                                     throwOnError = false){
       try {
         const [hDir, filenamePart] =
               await opfsUtil.getDirForFilename(fsEntryName, false);
@@ -1163,11 +1169,102 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
       doDir(opt.directory, 0);
     };
 
-    //TODO to support fiddle and worker1 db upload:
-    //opfsUtil.createFile = function(absName, content=undefined){...}
-    //We have sqlite3.wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_create_file() for this
-    //purpose but its interface and name are still under
-    //consideration.
+    /**
+       impl of importDb() when it's given a function as its second
+       argument.
+    */
+    const importDbChunked = async function(filename, callback){
+      const [hDir, fnamePart] = await opfsUtil.getDirForFilename(filename, true);
+      const hFile = await hDir.getFileHandle(fnamePart, {create:true});
+      let sah = await hFile.createSyncAccessHandle();
+      let nWrote = 0, chunk, checkedHeader = false, err = false;
+      try{
+        sah.truncate(0);
+        while( undefined !== (chunk = await callback()) ){
+          if(chunk instanceof ArrayBuffer) chunk = new Uint8Array(chunk);
+          if( 0===nWrote && chunk.byteLength>=15 ){
+            util.affirmDbHeader(chunk);
+            checkedHeader = true;
+          }
+          sah.write(chunk, {at: nWrote});
+          nWrote += chunk.byteLength;
+        }
+        if( nWrote < 512 || 0!==nWrote % 512 ){
+          toss("Input size",nWrote,"is not correct for an SQLite database.");
+        }
+        if( !checkedHeader ){
+          const header = new Uint8Array(20);
+          sah.read( header, {at: 0} );
+          util.affirmDbHeader( header );
+        }
+        sah.write(new Uint8Array([1,1]), {at: 18}/*force db out of WAL mode*/);
+        return nWrote;
+      }catch(e){
+        await sah.close();
+        sah = undefined;
+        await hDir.removeEntry( fnamePart ).catch(()=>{});
+        throw e;
+      }finally {
+        if( sah ) await sah.close();
+      }
+    };
+
+    /**
+       Asynchronously imports the given bytes (a byte array or
+       ArrayBuffer) into the given database file.
+
+       If passed a function for its second argument, its behaviour
+       changes to async and it imports its data in chunks fed to it by
+       the given callback function. It calls the callback (which may
+       be async) repeatedly, expecting either a Uint8Array or
+       ArrayBuffer (to denote new input) or undefined (to denote
+       EOF). For so long as the callback continues to return
+       non-undefined, it will append incoming data to the given
+       VFS-hosted database file. When called this way, the resolved
+       value of the returned Promise is the number of bytes written to
+       the target file.
+
+       It very specifically requires the input to be an SQLite3
+       database and throws if that's not the case.  It does so in
+       order to prevent this function from taking on a larger scope
+       than it is specifically intended to. i.e. we do not want it to
+       become a convenience for importing arbitrary files into OPFS.
+
+       This routine rewrites the database header bytes in the output
+       file (not the input array) to force disabling of WAL mode.
+
+       On error this throws and the state of the input file is
+       undefined (it depends on where the exception was triggered).
+
+       On success, resolves to the number of bytes written.
+    */
+    opfsUtil.importDb = async function(filename, bytes){
+      if( bytes instanceof Function ){
+        return importDbChunked(filename, bytes);
+      }
+      if(bytes instanceof ArrayBuffer) bytes = new Uint8Array(bytes);
+      util.affirmIsDb(bytes);
+      const n = bytes.byteLength;
+      const [hDir, fnamePart] = await opfsUtil.getDirForFilename(filename, true);
+      let sah, err, nWrote = 0;
+      try {
+        const hFile = await hDir.getFileHandle(fnamePart, {create:true});
+        sah = await hFile.createSyncAccessHandle();
+        sah.truncate(0);
+        nWrote = sah.write(bytes, {at: 0});
+        if(nWrote != n){
+          toss("Expected to write "+n+" bytes but wrote "+nWrote+".");
+        }
+        sah.write(new Uint8Array([1,1]), {at: 18}) /* force db out of WAL mode */;
+        return nWrote;
+      }catch(e){
+        if( sah ){ await sah.close(); sah = undefined; }
+        await hDir.removeEntry( fnamePart ).catch(()=>{});
+        throw e;
+      }finally{
+        if( sah ) await sah.close();
+      }
+    };
 
     if(sqlite3.oo1){
       const OpfsDb = function(...args){
@@ -1177,6 +1274,7 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
       };
       OpfsDb.prototype = Object.create(sqlite3.oo1.DB.prototype);
       sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb = OpfsDb;
+      OpfsDb.importDb = opfsUtil.importDb;
       sqlite3.oo1.DB.dbCtorHelper.setVfsPostOpenSql(
         opfsVfs.pointer,
         function(oo1Db, sqlite3){
@@ -1185,19 +1283,23 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
              contention. */
           sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_busy_timeout(oo1Db, 10000);
           sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_exec(oo1Db, [
-            /* Truncate journal mode is faster than delete for
-               this vfs, per speedtest1. That gap seems to have closed with
-               Chrome version 108 or 109, but "persist" is very roughly 5-6%
-               faster than truncate in initial tests.
+            /* As of July 2023, the PERSIST journal mode on OPFS is
+               somewhat slower than DELETE or TRUNCATE (it was faster
+               before Chrome version 108 or 109). TRUNCATE and DELETE
+               have very similar performance on OPFS.
 
-               For later analysis: Roy Hashimoto notes that TRUNCATE
-               and PERSIST modes may decrease OPFS concurrency because
-               multiple connections can open the journal file in those
-               modes:
+               Roy Hashimoto notes that TRUNCATE and PERSIST modes may
+               decrease OPFS concurrency because multiple connections
+               can open the journal file in those modes:
 
                https://github.com/rhashimoto/wa-sqlite/issues/68
+
+               Given that, and the fact that testing has not revealed
+               any appreciable difference between performance of
+               TRUNCATE and DELETE modes on OPFS, we currently (as of
+               2023-07-13) default to DELETE mode.
             */
-            "pragma journal_mode=persist;",
+            "pragma journal_mode=DELETE;",
             /*
               This vfs benefits hugely from cache on moderate/large
               speedtest1 --size 50 and --size 100 workloads. We
@@ -1318,10 +1420,10 @@ const installOpfsVfs = function callee(options){
                   sqlite3.opfs = opfsUtil;
                   opfsUtil.rootDirectory = d;
                   log("End of OPFS sqlite3_vfs setup.", opfsVfs);
-                  promiseResolve(sqlite3);
+                  promiseResolve();
                 }).catch(promiseReject);
               }else{
-                promiseResolve(sqlite3);
+                promiseResolve();
               }
             }catch(e){
               error(e);
@@ -1358,7 +1460,10 @@ globalThis.sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializersAsync.push(async (sqlite3)=>{
     });
   }catch(e){
     sqlite3.config.error("installOpfsVfs() exception:",e);
-    throw e;
+    return Promise.reject(e);
   }
 });
 }/*sqlite3ApiBootstrap.initializers.push()*/);
+//#else
+/* The OPFS VFS parts are elided from builds targeting node.js. */
+//#endif target=node
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasi.h b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasi.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 096f45df..00000000
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasi.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-/**
-   Dummy function stubs to get sqlite3.c compiling with
-   wasi-sdk. This requires, in addition:
-
-   -D_WASI_EMULATED_MMAN -D_WASI_EMULATED_GETPID
-
-   -lwasi-emulated-getpid
-*/
-typedef unsigned mode_t;
-int fchmod(int fd, mode_t mode);
-int fchmod(int fd, mode_t mode){
-  return (fd && mode) ? 0 : 0;
-}
-typedef unsigned uid_t;
-typedef uid_t gid_t;
-int fchown(int fd, uid_t owner, gid_t group);
-int fchown(int fd, uid_t owner, gid_t group){
-  return (fd && owner && group) ? 0 : 0;
-}
-uid_t geteuid(void);
-uid_t geteuid(void){return 0;}
-#if !defined(F_WRLCK)
-enum {
-F_WRLCK,
-F_RDLCK,
-F_GETLK,
-F_SETLK,
-F_UNLCK
-};
-#endif
-
-#undef HAVE_PREAD
-
-#include <wasi/api.h>
-#define WASM__KEEP __attribute__((used))
-
-#if 0
-/**
-   wasi-sdk cannot build sqlite3's default VFS without at least the following
-   functions. They are apparently syscalls which clients have to implement or
-   otherwise obtain.
-
-   https://github.com/WebAssembly/WASI/blob/main/phases/snapshot/docs.md
-*/
-environ_get
-environ_sizes_get
-clock_time_get
-fd_close
-fd_fdstat_get
-fd_fdstat_set_flags
-fd_filestat_get
-fd_filestat_set_size
-fd_pread
-fd_prestat_get
-fd_prestat_dir_name
-fd_read
-fd_seek
-fd_sync
-fd_write
-path_create_directory
-path_filestat_get
-path_filestat_set_times
-path_open
-path_readlink
-path_remove_directory
-path_unlink_file
-poll_oneoff
-proc_exit
-#endif
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasm.c b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasm.c
index dbe594dc..18d27bdf 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasm.c
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasm.c
@@ -84,6 +84,14 @@
 
 /**********************************************************************/
 /* SQLITE_ENABLE_... */
+/*
+** Unconditionally enable API_ARMOR in the WASM build. It ensures that
+** public APIs behave predictable in the face of passing illegal NULLs
+** or ranges which might otherwise invoke undefined behavior.
+*/
+#undef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+#define SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR 1
+
 #ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB
 #  define SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB 1
 #endif
@@ -121,12 +129,6 @@
 #  define SQLITE_ENABLE_UNKNOWN_SQL_FUNCTION
 #endif
 
-/**********************************************************************/
-/* SQLITE_M... */
-#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE
-# define SQLITE_MAX_ALLOCATION_SIZE 0x1fffffff
-#endif
-
 /**********************************************************************/
 /* SQLITE_O... */
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
@@ -141,9 +143,6 @@
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
 # define SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16 1
 #endif
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
-# define SQLITE_OMIT_WAL 1
-#endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OS_KV_OPTIONAL
 # define SQLITE_OS_KV_OPTIONAL 1
 #endif
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@
 /**********************************************************************/
 /* SQLITE_T... */
 #ifndef SQLITE_TEMP_STORE
-# define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE 3
+# define SQLITE_TEMP_STORE 2
 #endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_THREADSAFE
 # define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 0
@@ -295,7 +294,7 @@ SQLITE_WASM_EXPORT void * sqlite3_wasm_pstack_ptr(void){
 */
 SQLITE_WASM_EXPORT void sqlite3_wasm_pstack_restore(unsigned char * p){
   assert(p>=PStack.pBegin && p<=PStack.pEnd && p>=PStack.pPos);
-  assert(0==(p & 0x7));
+  assert(0==((unsigned long long)p & 0x7));
   if(p>=PStack.pBegin && p<=PStack.pEnd /*&& p>=PStack.pPos*/){
     PStack.pPos = p;
   }
@@ -355,7 +354,9 @@ int sqlite3_wasm_db_error(sqlite3*db, int err_code, const char *zMsg){
   if( db!=0 ){
     if( 0!=zMsg ){
       const int nMsg = sqlite3Strlen30(zMsg);
+      sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_db_mutex(db));
       sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, err_code, "%.*s", nMsg, zMsg);
+      sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_db_mutex(db));
     }else{
       sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, err_code, NULL);
     }
@@ -1353,6 +1354,13 @@ int sqlite3_wasm_db_serialize( sqlite3 *pDb, const char *zSchema,
 ** This function is NOT part of the sqlite3 public API. It is strictly
 ** for use by the sqlite project's own JS/WASM bindings.
 **
+** ACHTUNG: it was discovered on 2023-08-11 that, with SQLITE_DEBUG,
+** this function's out-of-scope use of the sqlite3_vfs/file/io_methods
+** APIs leads to triggering of assertions in the core library. Its use
+** is now deprecated and VFS-specific APIs for importing files need to
+** be found to replace it. sqlite3_wasm_posix_create_file() is
+** suitable for the "unix" family of VFSes.
+**
 ** Creates a new file using the I/O API of the given VFS, containing
 ** the given number of bytes of the given data. If the file exists, it
 ** is truncated to the given length and populated with the given
@@ -1398,7 +1406,14 @@ int sqlite3_wasm_vfs_create_file( sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
   int rc;
   sqlite3_file *pFile = 0;
   sqlite3_io_methods const *pIo;
-  const int openFlags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE;
+  const int openFlags = SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE
+#if 0 && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+    | SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL
+    /* ^^^^ This is for testing a horrible workaround to avoid
+       triggering a specific assert() in os_unix.c:unixOpen(). Please
+       do not enable this in real builds. */
+#endif
+    ;
   int flagsOut = 0;
   int fileExisted = 0;
   int doUnlock = 0;
@@ -1464,6 +1479,34 @@ int sqlite3_wasm_vfs_create_file( sqlite3_vfs *pVfs,
   return rc;
 }
 
+/**
+** This function is NOT part of the sqlite3 public API. It is strictly
+** for use by the sqlite project's own JS/WASM bindings.
+**
+** Creates or overwrites a file using the POSIX file API,
+** i.e. Emscripten's virtual filesystem. Creates or truncates
+** zFilename, appends pData bytes to it, and returns 0 on success or
+** SQLITE_IOERR on error.
+*/
+SQLITE_WASM_EXPORT
+int sqlite3_wasm_posix_create_file( const char *zFilename,
+                                    const unsigned char * pData,
+                                    int nData ){
+  int rc;
+  FILE * pFile = 0;
+  int fileExisted = 0;
+  size_t nWrote = 1;
+
+  if( !zFilename || nData<0 || (pData==0 && nData>0) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  pFile = fopen(zFilename, "w");
+  if( 0==pFile ) return SQLITE_IOERR;
+  if( nData>0 ){
+    nWrote = fwrite(pData, (size_t)nData, 1, pFile);
+  }
+  fclose(pFile);
+  return 1==nWrote ? 0 : SQLITE_IOERR;
+}
+
 /*
 ** This function is NOT part of the sqlite3 public API. It is strictly
 ** for use by the sqlite project's own JS/WASM bindings.
@@ -1760,6 +1803,118 @@ char * sqlite3_wasm_test_str_hello(int fail){
   }
   return s;
 }
+
+/*
+** For testing using SQLTester scripts.
+**
+** Return non-zero if string z matches glob pattern zGlob and zero if the
+** pattern does not match.
+**
+** To repeat:
+**
+**         zero == no match
+**     non-zero == match
+**
+** Globbing rules:
+**
+**      '*'       Matches any sequence of zero or more characters.
+**
+**      '?'       Matches exactly one character.
+**
+**     [...]      Matches one character from the enclosed list of
+**                characters.
+**
+**     [^...]     Matches one character not in the enclosed list.
+**
+**      '#'       Matches any sequence of one or more digits with an
+**                optional + or - sign in front, or a hexadecimal
+**                literal of the form 0x...
+*/
+static int sqlite3_wasm_SQLTester_strnotglob(const char *zGlob, const char *z){
+  int c, c2;
+  int invert;
+  int seen;
+  typedef int (*recurse_f)(const char *,const char *);
+  static const recurse_f recurse = sqlite3_wasm_SQLTester_strnotglob;
+
+  while( (c = (*(zGlob++)))!=0 ){
+    if( c=='*' ){
+      while( (c=(*(zGlob++))) == '*' || c=='?' ){
+        if( c=='?' && (*(z++))==0 ) return 0;
+      }
+      if( c==0 ){
+        return 1;
+      }else if( c=='[' ){
+        while( *z && recurse(zGlob-1,z)==0 ){
+          z++;
+        }
+        return (*z)!=0;
+      }
+      while( (c2 = (*(z++)))!=0 ){
+        while( c2!=c ){
+          c2 = *(z++);
+          if( c2==0 ) return 0;
+        }
+        if( recurse(zGlob,z) ) return 1;
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }else if( c=='?' ){
+      if( (*(z++))==0 ) return 0;
+    }else if( c=='[' ){
+      int prior_c = 0;
+      seen = 0;
+      invert = 0;
+      c = *(z++);
+      if( c==0 ) return 0;
+      c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      if( c2=='^' ){
+        invert = 1;
+        c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      }
+      if( c2==']' ){
+        if( c==']' ) seen = 1;
+        c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      }
+      while( c2 && c2!=']' ){
+        if( c2=='-' && zGlob[0]!=']' && zGlob[0]!=0 && prior_c>0 ){
+          c2 = *(zGlob++);
+          if( c>=prior_c && c<=c2 ) seen = 1;
+          prior_c = 0;
+        }else{
+          if( c==c2 ){
+            seen = 1;
+          }
+          prior_c = c2;
+        }
+        c2 = *(zGlob++);
+      }
+      if( c2==0 || (seen ^ invert)==0 ) return 0;
+    }else if( c=='#' ){
+      if( z[0]=='0'
+       && (z[1]=='x' || z[1]=='X')
+       && sqlite3Isxdigit(z[2])
+      ){
+        z += 3;
+        while( sqlite3Isxdigit(z[0]) ){ z++; }
+      }else{
+        if( (z[0]=='-' || z[0]=='+') && sqlite3Isdigit(z[1]) ) z++;
+        if( !sqlite3Isdigit(z[0]) ) return 0;
+        z++;
+        while( sqlite3Isdigit(z[0]) ){ z++; }
+      }
+    }else{
+      if( c!=(*(z++)) ) return 0;
+    }
+  }
+  return *z==0;
+}
+
+SQLITE_WASM_EXPORT
+int sqlite3_wasm_SQLTester_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *z){
+ return !sqlite3_wasm_SQLTester_strnotglob(zGlob, z);
+}
+
+
 #endif /* SQLITE_WASM_TESTS */
 
 #undef SQLITE_WASM_EXPORT
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1-promiser.c-pp.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1-promiser.c-pp.js
index 48a74d47..bad59967 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1-promiser.c-pp.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1-promiser.c-pp.js
@@ -196,10 +196,9 @@ globalThis.sqlite3Worker1Promiser = function callee(config = callee.defaultConfi
     if(1===arguments.length){
       msg = arguments[0];
     }else if(2===arguments.length){
-      msg = {
-        type: arguments[0],
-        args: arguments[1]
-      };
+      msg = Object.create(null);
+      msg.type = arguments[0];
+      msg.args = arguments[1];
     }else{
       toss("Invalid arugments for sqlite3Worker1Promiser()-created factory.");
     }
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1.c-pp.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1.c-pp.js
index f2604223..220722ff 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1.c-pp.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1.c-pp.js
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import {default as sqlite3InitModule} from './sqlite3-bundler-friendly.mjs';
 "use strict";
 {
   const urlParams = globalThis.location
-        ? new URL(self.location.href).searchParams
+        ? new URL(globalThis.location.href).searchParams
         : new URLSearchParams();
   let theJs = 'sqlite3.js';
   if(urlParams.has('sqlite3.dir')){
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/SqliteTestUtil.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/SqliteTestUtil.js
index 5ed42378..2c17824c 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/SqliteTestUtil.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/SqliteTestUtil.js
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@
     }
   };
 
-  
   /**
      This is a module object for use with the emscripten-installed
      sqlite3InitModule() factory function.
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/testing.css b/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/testing.css
index fb44f1d6..a9be7676 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/testing.css
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/testing.css
@@ -40,8 +40,41 @@ span.labeled-input {
 .tests-pass { background-color: green; color: white }
 .tests-fail { background-color: red; color: yellow }
 .faded { opacity: 0.5; }
-.group-start { color: blue; }
-.group-end { color: blue; }
+.group-start {
+  color: blue;
+  background-color: skyblue;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  border-top: 1px dotted blue;
+  padding: 0.5em;
+  margin-top: 0.5em;
+}
+.group-end {
+  padding: 0.5em;
+  margin-bottom: 0.25em;
+  /*border-bottom: 1px dotted blue;*/
+}
+.group-end.green {
+  background: lightgreen;
+  border-bottom: 1px dotted green;
+}
+.one-test-line, .skipping-group {
+  margin-left: 3em;
+}
+.skipping-test, .skipping-group {
+  padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
+  background-color: #ffff73;
+}
+.skipping-test {
+  margin-left: 6em;
+}
+.one-test-summary {
+  margin-left: 6em;
+}
+.full-test-summary {
+  padding-bottom: 0.5em;
+  padding-top: 0.5em;
+  border-top: 1px solid black;
+}
 .input-wrapper {
   white-space: nowrap;
   display: flex;
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/whwasmutil.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/whwasmutil.js
index 48997994..0437ef35 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/whwasmutil.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/common/whwasmutil.js
@@ -111,7 +111,8 @@
      of `target.instance` (a WebAssembly.Module instance) and it must
      contain the symbols exported by the WASM module associated with
      this code. In an Enscripten environment it must be set to
-     `Module['asm']`. The exports object must contain a minimum of the
+     `Module['asm']` (versions <=3.1.43) or `wasmExports` (versions
+     >=3.1.44). The exports object must contain a minimum of the
      following symbols:
 
      - `memory`: a WebAssembly.Memory object representing the WASM
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@
 globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
   'use strict';
   if(undefined===target.bigIntEnabled){
-    target.bigIntEnabled = !!self['BigInt64Array'];
+    target.bigIntEnabled = !!globalThis['BigInt64Array'];
   }
 
   /** Throws a new Error, the message of which is the concatenation of
@@ -355,8 +356,8 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
           break;
         default:
           if(target.bigIntEnabled){
-            if(n===self['BigUint64Array']) return c.HEAP64U;
-            else if(n===self['BigInt64Array']) return c.HEAP64;
+            if(n===globalThis['BigUint64Array']) return c.HEAP64U;
+            else if(n===globalThis['BigInt64Array']) return c.HEAP64;
             break;
           }
     }
@@ -612,8 +613,6 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
   target.installFunction = (func, sig)=>__installFunction(func, sig, false);
 
   /**
-     EXPERIMENTAL! DO NOT USE IN CLIENT CODE!
-
      Works exactly like installFunction() but requires that a
      scopedAllocPush() is active and uninstalls the given function
      when that alloc scope is popped via scopedAllocPop().
@@ -1179,7 +1178,7 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
     cache.scopedAlloc.splice(n,1);
     for(let p; (p = state.pop()); ){
       if(target.functionEntry(p)){
-        //console.warn("scopedAllocPop() uninstalling transient function",p);
+        //console.warn("scopedAllocPop() uninstalling function",p);
         target.uninstallFunction(p);
       }
       else target.dealloc(p);
@@ -1636,6 +1635,7 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
                      'and is not intended to be invoked from',
                      'client-level code. Invoked with:',opt);
       }
+      this.name = opt.name || "unnamed";
       this.signature = opt.signature;
       if(opt.contextKey instanceof Function){
         this.contextKey = opt.contextKey;
@@ -1656,25 +1656,11 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
         ? opt.callProxy : undefined;
     }
 
-    /** If true, the constructor emits a warning. The intent is that
-        this be set to true after bootstrapping of the higher-level
-        client library is complete, to warn downstream clients that
-        they shouldn't be relying on this implemenation detail which
-        does not have a stable interface. */
-    static warnOnUse = false;
-
-    /** If true, convertArg() will FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut() when it
-        (un)installs a function binding to/from WASM. Note that
-        deinstallation of bindScope=transient bindings happens
-        via scopedAllocPop() so will not be output. */
-    static debugFuncInstall = false;
-
-    /** Function used for debug output. */
-    static debugOut = console.debug.bind(console);
-
-    static bindScopes = [
-      'transient', 'context', 'singleton', 'permanent'
-    ];
+    /**
+       Note that static class members are defined outside of the class
+       to work around an emcc toolchain build problem: one of the
+       tools in emsdk v3.1.42 does not support the static keyword.
+    */
 
     /* Dummy impl. Overwritten per-instance as needed. */
     contextKey(argv,argIndex){
@@ -1711,14 +1697,16 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
        exactly the 2nd and 3rd arguments are.
     */
     convertArg(v,argv,argIndex){
-      //FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut("FuncPtrAdapter.convertArg()",this.signature,this.transient,v);
+      //FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut("FuncPtrAdapter.convertArg()",this.name,this.signature,this.transient,v);
       let pair = this.singleton;
       if(!pair && this.isContext){
         pair = this.contextMap(this.contextKey(argv,argIndex));
+        //FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut(this.name, this.signature, "contextKey() =",this.contextKey(argv,argIndex), pair);
       }
       if(pair && pair[0]===v) return pair[1];
       if(v instanceof Function){
         /* Install a WASM binding and return its pointer. */
+        //FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut("FuncPtrAdapter.convertArg()",this.name,this.signature,this.transient,v,pair);
         if(this.callProxy) v = this.callProxy(v);
         const fp = __installFunction(v, this.signature, this.isTransient);
         if(FuncPtrAdapter.debugFuncInstall){
@@ -1732,7 +1720,18 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
               FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut("FuncPtrAdapter uninstalling", this,
                                       this.contextKey(argv,argIndex), '@'+pair[1], v);
             }
-            try{target.uninstallFunction(pair[1])}
+            try{
+              /* Because the pending native call might rely on the
+                 pointer we're replacing, e.g. as is normally the case
+                 with sqlite3's xDestroy() methods, we don't
+                 immediately uninstall but instead add its pointer to
+                 the scopedAlloc stack, which will be cleared when the
+                 xWrap() mechanism is done calling the native
+                 function. We're relying very much here on xWrap()
+                 having pushed an alloc scope.
+              */
+              cache.scopedAlloc[cache.scopedAlloc.length-1].push(pair[1]);
+            }
             catch(e){/*ignored*/}
           }
           pair[0] = v;
@@ -1740,13 +1739,14 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
         }
         return fp;
       }else if(target.isPtr(v) || null===v || undefined===v){
+        //FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut("FuncPtrAdapter.convertArg()",this.name,this.signature,this.transient,v,pair);
         if(pair && pair[1] && pair[1]!==v){
           /* uninstall stashed mapping and replace stashed mapping with v. */
           if(FuncPtrAdapter.debugFuncInstall){
             FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut("FuncPtrAdapter uninstalling", this,
                                     this.contextKey(argv,argIndex), '@'+pair[1], v);
           }
-          try{target.uninstallFunction(pair[1])}
+          try{ cache.scopedAlloc[cache.scopedAlloc.length-1].push(pair[1]) }
           catch(e){/*ignored*/}
           pair[0] = pair[1] = (v | 0);
         }
@@ -1761,6 +1761,26 @@ globalThis.WhWasmUtilInstaller = function(target){
     }/*convertArg()*/
   }/*FuncPtrAdapter*/;
 
+  /** If true, the constructor emits a warning. The intent is that
+      this be set to true after bootstrapping of the higher-level
+      client library is complete, to warn downstream clients that
+      they shouldn't be relying on this implemenation detail which
+      does not have a stable interface. */
+  xArg.FuncPtrAdapter.warnOnUse = false;
+
+  /** If true, convertArg() will FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut() when it
+      (un)installs a function binding to/from WASM. Note that
+      deinstallation of bindScope=transient bindings happens
+      via scopedAllocPop() so will not be output. */
+  xArg.FuncPtrAdapter.debugFuncInstall = false;
+
+  /** Function used for debug output. */
+  xArg.FuncPtrAdapter.debugOut = console.debug.bind(console);
+
+  xArg.FuncPtrAdapter.bindScopes = [
+    'transient', 'context', 'singleton', 'permanent'
+  ];
+
   const __xArgAdapterCheck =
         (t)=>xArg.get(t) || toss("Argument adapter not found:",t);
 
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-123.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-123.js
index 311afcc8..8e03ee80 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-123.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-123.js
@@ -235,10 +235,10 @@
 
        - get change count (total or statement-local, 32- or 64-bit)
        - get a DB's file name
-    
+
        Misc. Stmt features:
 
-       - Various forms of bind() 
+       - Various forms of bind()
        - clearBindings()
        - reset()
        - Various forms of step()
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.js
index e8d3d4e5..c2d24623 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.js
@@ -64,15 +64,17 @@
       callback = msgArgs;
       msgArgs = undefined;
     }
-    const p = workerPromise({type: msgType, args:msgArgs});
+    const p = 1
+          ? workerPromise({type: msgType, args:msgArgs})
+          : workerPromise(msgType, msgArgs);
     return callback ? p.then(callback).finally(testCount) : p;
   };
 
+  let sqConfig;
   const runTests = async function(){
     const dbFilename = '/testing2.sqlite3';
     startTime = performance.now();
 
-    let sqConfig;
     await wtest('config-get', (ev)=>{
       const r = ev.result;
       log('sqlite3.config subset:', r);
@@ -102,12 +104,15 @@
       sql: ["create table t(a,b)",
             "insert into t(a,b) values(1,2),(3,4),(5,6)"
            ].join(';'),
-      multi: true,
-      resultRows: [], columnNames: []
+      resultRows: [], columnNames: [],
+      countChanges: sqConfig.bigIntEnabled ? 64 : true
     }, function(ev){
       ev = ev.result;
       T.assert(0===ev.resultRows.length)
-        .assert(0===ev.columnNames.length);
+        .assert(0===ev.columnNames.length)
+        .assert(sqConfig.bigIntEnabled
+                ? (3n===ev.changeCount)
+                : (3===ev.changeCount));
     });
 
     await wtest('exec',{
@@ -125,12 +130,14 @@
     await wtest('exec',{
       sql: 'select a a, b b from t order by a',
       resultRows: [], columnNames: [],
-      rowMode: 'object'
+      rowMode: 'object',
+      countChanges: true
     }, function(ev){
       ev = ev.result;
       T.assert(3===ev.resultRows.length)
         .assert(1===ev.resultRows[0].a)
         .assert(6===ev.resultRows[2].b)
+        .assert(0===ev.changeCount);
     });
 
     await wtest(
@@ -143,12 +150,13 @@
 
     await wtest('exec',{
       sql:'select 1 union all select 3',
-      resultRows: [],
+      resultRows: []
     }, function(ev){
       ev = ev.result;
       T.assert(2 === ev.resultRows.length)
         .assert(1 === ev.resultRows[0][0])
-        .assert(3 === ev.resultRows[1][0]);
+        .assert(3 === ev.resultRows[1][0])
+        .assert(undefined === ev.changeCount);
     });
 
     const resultRowTest1 = function f(ev){
@@ -218,13 +226,12 @@
     });
 
     await wtest('exec',{
-      multi: true,
       sql:[
         'pragma foreign_keys=0;',
         // ^^^ arbitrary query with no result columns
         'select a, b from t order by a desc; select a from t;'
-        // multi-exec only honors results from the first
-        // statement with result columns (regardless of whether)
+        // exec() only honors SELECT results from the first
+        // statement with result columns (regardless of whether
         // it has any rows).
       ],
       rowMode: 1,
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1.js
index f70179c5..60f5e8de 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/demo-worker1.js
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@
         // ^^^ arbitrary query with no result columns
         "select a, b from t order by a desc;",
         "select a from t;"
-        // multi-statement exec only honors results from the first
-        // statement with result columns (regardless of whether)
+        // exec() only honors SELECT results from the first
+        // statement with result columns (regardless of whether
         // it has any rows).
       ],
       rowMode: 1,
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/dist.make b/sqlite/ext/wasm/dist.make
index 3f99ad5a..5d610e37 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/dist.make
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/dist.make
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ dist-name := $(dist-name-prefix)-TEMP
 # date. Our general policy is that we want the smallest binaries for
 # dist zip files, so use the oz build unless there is a compelling
 # reason not to.
-dist.build ?= qoz
+dist.build ?= oz
 
 dist-dir.top := $(dist-name)
 dist-dir.jswasm := $(dist-dir.top)/$(notdir $(dir.dout))
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle.make b/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle.make
index cbe6ab35..57141d7e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle.make
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle.make
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ endif
 ifeq (,$(SHELL_SRC))
 $(error Could not parse SHELL_SRC from $(dir.top)/Makefile.)
 endif
-$(dir.top)/shell.c: $(SHELL_SRC) $(dir.top)/tool/mkshellc.tcl
+$(dir.top)/shell.c: $(SHELL_SRC) $(dir.top)/tool/mkshellc.tcl $(sqlite3.c)
 	$(MAKE) -C $(dir.top) shell.c
 # /shell.c
 ########################################################################
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ $(fiddle.SOAP.js): $(SOAP.js)
 $(eval $(call call-make-pre-post,fiddle-module,vanilla))
 $(fiddle-module.js): $(MAKEFILE) $(MAKEFILE.fiddle) \
     $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.fiddle) \
-    $(fiddle.cses) $(pre-post-fiddle-module.deps.vanilla) $(fiddle.SOAP.js)
+    $(fiddle.cses) $(pre-post-fiddle-module-vanilla.deps) $(fiddle.SOAP.js)
 	$(emcc.bin) -o $@ $(fiddle.emcc-flags) \
-    $(pre-post-fiddle-module.flags.vanilla) \
+    $(pre-post-fiddle-module-vanilla.flags) \
     $(fiddle.cses)
 	$(maybe-wasm-strip) $(fiddle-module.wasm)
 	gzip < $@ > $@.gz
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle-worker.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle-worker.js
index e239cbf5..67f61008 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle-worker.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle-worker.js
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
       f._();
     }
   };
-  
+
   self.onmessage = function f(ev){
     ev = ev.data;
     if(!f.cache){
@@ -371,12 +371,14 @@
   sqlite3InitModule(fiddleModule).then((_sqlite3)=>{
     sqlite3 = _sqlite3;
     console.warn("Installing sqlite3 module globally (in Worker)",
-                 "for use in the dev console.");
-    self.sqlite3 = sqlite3;
+                 "for use in the dev console.", sqlite3);
+    globalThis.sqlite3 = sqlite3;
     const dbVfs = sqlite3.wasm.xWrap('fiddle_db_vfs', "*", ['string']);
     fiddleModule.fsUnlink = (fn)=>{
       return sqlite3.wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(dbVfs(0), fn);
     };
     wMsg('fiddle-ready');
-  })/*then()*/;
+  }).catch(e=>{
+    console.error("Fiddle worker init failed:",e);
+  });
 })();
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/index.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/index.html
index a9872a9e..70ce0441 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/index.html
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/index.html
@@ -93,9 +93,13 @@
           <ul>
             <li><a href='speedtest1.html'>speedtest1</a>: a main-thread WASM build of speedtest1.</li>
             <li><a href='speedtest1.html?vfs=kvvfs'>speedtest1?vfs=kvvfs</a>: speedtest1 with the kvvfs.</li>
-            <li><a href='speedtest1-worker.html?size=25'>speedtest1-worker</a>: an interactive Worker-thread variant of speedtest1.</li>
-            <li><a href='speedtest1-worker.html?vfs=opfs&size=25'>speedtest1-worker?vfs=opfs</a>: speedtest1-worker with the
+            <li><a href='speedtest1-worker.html?size=15'>speedtest1-worker</a>: an interactive Worker-thread variant of speedtest1.</li>
+            <li><a href='speedtest1-worker.html?vfs=opfs&size=10'>speedtest1-worker?vfs=opfs</a>: speedtest1-worker with the
               OPFS VFS preselected and configured for a moderate workload.</li>
+            <li><a href='speedtest1-worker.html?vfs=opfs-sahpool&size=10'>speedtest1-worker?vfs=opfs-sahpool</a>:
+              speedtest1-worker with the OPFS-SAHPOOL VFS preselected
+              and configured for a moderate workload.
+            </li>
           </ul>
         </li>
         <li>The obligatory "misc." category...
@@ -103,7 +107,8 @@
             <li><a href='module-symbols.html'>module-symbols</a> gives
               a high-level overview of the symbols exposed by the JS
               module.</li>
-            <li><a href='batch-runner.html'>batch-runner</a>: runs batches of SQL exported from speedtest1.</li>
+            <!--li><a href='batch-runner.html'>batch-runner</a>: runs batches of
+                SQL exported from speedtest1.</li-->
             <li><a href='test-opfs-vfs.html'>test-opfs-vfs</a>
               (<a href='test-opfs-vfs.html?opfs-sanity-check&opfs-verbose'>same
               with verbose output and sanity-checking tests</a>) is an
@@ -117,18 +122,19 @@
             </li>
           </ul>
         </li>
-        <!--li>WASMFS-specific tests which currently do not work due to incompatible changes
-          made to the WASMFS+OPFS combination.
+        <li><strong>WASMFS</strong>-specific tests which require that
+          the WASMFS build is available on this server (it is not by
+          default) and that this server emits the COOP/COEP headers.
           <ul>
-            <li><a href='speedtest1-wasmfs.html?flags=--size,25'>speedtest1-wasmfs</a>:
+            <li><a href='scratchpad-wasmfs.html'>scratchpad-wasmfs</a>:
+              experimenting with WASMFS/OPFS-based persistence.
+            </li>
+            <li><a href='speedtest1-wasmfs.html?flags=--size,15'>speedtest1-wasmfs</a>:
               a variant of speedtest1 built solely for the wasmfs/opfs
-              feature.</li>
-            <li><a href='scratchpad-wasmfs-main.html'>scratchpad-wasmfs-main</a>:
-              experimenting with WASMFS/OPFS-based persistence. Maintenance
-              reminder: we cannot currently (2022-09-15) load WASMFS in a
-              worker due to an Emscripten wasm loader limitation.</li>
+              feature.
+            </li>
           </ul>
-        </li-->
+        </li>
         <!--li><a href='x.html'></a></li-->
       </ul>
     </div>
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.js
index bde7d051..1846441e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.js
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ globalThis.Jaccwabyt = function StructBinderFactory(config){
         memberPrefix = (config.memberPrefix || ""),
         memberSuffix = (config.memberSuffix || ""),
         bigIntEnabled = (undefined===config.bigIntEnabled
-                         ? !!self['BigInt64Array'] : !!config.bigIntEnabled),
-        BigInt = self['BigInt'],
-        BigInt64Array = self['BigInt64Array'],
+                         ? !!globalThis['BigInt64Array'] : !!config.bigIntEnabled),
+        BigInt = globalThis['BigInt'],
+        BigInt64Array = globalThis['BigInt64Array'],
         /* Undocumented (on purpose) config options: */
         ptrSizeof = config.ptrSizeof || 4,
         ptrIR = config.ptrIR || 'i32'
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/module-symbols.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/module-symbols.html
index 865f1b33..c5c6bc16 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/module-symbols.html
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/module-symbols.html
@@ -355,6 +355,7 @@ <h1>Compilation Options</h1>
         sqlite3_js_db_vfs: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_db_vfs',
         sqlite3_js_kvvfs_clear: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_kvvfs',
         sqlite3_js_kvvfs_size: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_kvvfs',
+        sqlite3_js_posix_create_file: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_posix_create_file',
         sqlite3_js_rc_str: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_rc_str',
         sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file',
         sqlite3_js_vfs_list: 'wasm:/api-c-style.md#sqlite3_js_vfs_list',
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 56f9325d..00000000
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  2022-05-22
-
-  The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of a
-  legal notice, here is a blessing:
-
-  *   May you do good and not evil.
-  *   May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-  *   May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-
-  ***********************************************************************
-
-  A basic test script for sqlite3-api.js. This file must be run in
-  main JS thread and sqlite3.js must have been loaded before it.
-*/
-'use strict';
-(function(){
-  const toss = function(...args){throw new Error(args.join(' '))};
-  const log = console.log.bind(console),
-        warn = console.warn.bind(console),
-        error = console.error.bind(console);
-
-  const stdout = log;
-  const stderr = error;
-
-  const test1 = function(db){
-    db.exec("create table if not exists t(a);")
-      .transaction(function(db){
-        db.prepare("insert into t(a) values(?)")
-          .bind(new Date().getTime())
-          .stepFinalize();
-        stdout("Number of values in table t:",
-            db.selectValue("select count(*) from t"));
-      });
-  };
-
-  const runTests = function(sqlite3){
-    const capi = sqlite3.capi,
-          oo = sqlite3.oo1,
-          wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
-    stdout("Loaded sqlite3:",capi.sqlite3_libversion(), capi.sqlite3_sourceid());
-    const persistentDir = capi.sqlite3_wasmfs_opfs_dir();
-    if(persistentDir){
-      stdout("Persistent storage dir:",persistentDir);
-    }else{
-      stderr("No persistent storage available.");
-    }
-    const startTime = performance.now();
-    let db;
-    try {
-      db = new oo.DB(persistentDir+'/foo.db');
-      stdout("DB filename:",db.filename);
-      const banner1 = '>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>',
-            banner2 = '<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<';
-      [
-        test1
-      ].forEach((f)=>{
-        const n = performance.now();
-        stdout(banner1,"Running",f.name+"()...");
-        f(db, sqlite3);
-        stdout(banner2,f.name+"() took ",(performance.now() - n),"ms");
-      });
-    }finally{
-      if(db) db.close();
-    }
-    stdout("Total test time:",(performance.now() - startTime),"ms");
-  };
-
-  sqlite3InitModule(self.sqlite3TestModule).then(runTests);
-})();
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.html
similarity index 54%
rename from sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.html
rename to sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.html
index 91f61526..c37febff 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.html
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.html
@@ -10,20 +10,6 @@
   </head>
   <body>
     <header id='titlebar'><span>sqlite3 WASMFS/OPFS Main-thread Scratchpad</span></header>
-    <!-- emscripten bits -->
-    <figure id="module-spinner">
-      <div class="spinner"></div>
-      <div class='center'><strong>Initializing app...</strong></div>
-      <div class='center'>
-        On a slow internet connection this may take a moment.  If this
-        message displays for "a long time", intialization may have
-        failed and the JavaScript console may contain clues as to why.
-      </div>
-    </figure>
-    <div class="emscripten" id="module-status">Downloading...</div>
-    <div class="emscripten">
-      <progress value="0" max="100" id="module-progress" hidden='1'></progress>  
-    </div><!-- /emscripten bits -->
     <p>Scratchpad/test app for the WASMF/OPFS integration in the
       main window thread. This page requires that the sqlite3 API have
       been built with WASMFS support. If OPFS support is available then
@@ -33,8 +19,12 @@
     <p>All stuff on this page happens in the dev console.</p>
     <hr>
     <div id='test-output'></div>
-    <script src="sqlite3-wasmfs.js"></script>
-    <script src="common/SqliteTestUtil.js"></script>
-    <script src="scratchpad-wasmfs-main.js"></script>
+    <script>
+      (function(){
+          const W = new Worker('scratchpad-wasmfs.mjs',{
+              type: 'module'
+          });
+      })();
+    </script>
   </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.mjs b/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6b69a1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+  2022-05-22
+
+  The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of a
+  legal notice, here is a blessing:
+
+  *   May you do good and not evil.
+  *   May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+  *   May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+
+  ***********************************************************************
+
+  A basic test script for sqlite3-api.js. This file must be run in
+  main JS thread and sqlite3.js must have been loaded before it.
+*/
+import sqlite3InitModule from './jswasm/sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs';
+//console.log('sqlite3InitModule =',sqlite3InitModule);
+const toss = function(...args){throw new Error(args.join(' '))};
+const log = console.log.bind(console),
+      warn = console.warn.bind(console),
+      error = console.error.bind(console);
+
+const stdout = log;
+const stderr = error;
+
+const test1 = function(db){
+  db.exec("create table if not exists t(a);")
+    .transaction(function(db){
+      db.prepare("insert into t(a) values(?)")
+        .bind(new Date().getTime())
+        .stepFinalize();
+      stdout("Number of values in table t:",
+             db.selectValue("select count(*) from t"));
+    });
+};
+
+const runTests = function(sqlite3){
+  const capi = sqlite3.capi,
+        oo = sqlite3.oo1,
+        wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
+  stdout("Loaded module:",sqlite3);
+  stdout("Loaded sqlite3:",capi.sqlite3_libversion(), capi.sqlite3_sourceid());
+  const persistentDir = capi.sqlite3_wasmfs_opfs_dir();
+  if(persistentDir){
+    stdout("Persistent storage dir:",persistentDir);
+  }else{
+    stderr("No persistent storage available.");
+  }
+  const startTime = performance.now();
+  let db;
+  try {
+    db = new oo.DB(persistentDir+'/foo.db');
+    stdout("DB filename:",db.filename);
+    const banner1 = '>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>',
+          banner2 = '<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<';
+    [
+      test1
+    ].forEach((f)=>{
+      const n = performance.now();
+      stdout(banner1,"Running",f.name+"()...");
+      f(db, sqlite3);
+      stdout(banner2,f.name+"() took ",(performance.now() - n),"ms");
+    });
+  }finally{
+    if(db) db.close();
+  }
+  stdout("Total test time:",(performance.now() - startTime),"ms");
+};
+
+sqlite3InitModule().then(runTests);
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.html
index 4c4db32b..c018583d 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.html
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.html
@@ -10,141 +10,46 @@
   </head>
   <body>
     <header id='titlebar'><span>speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm</span></header>
-    <div>See also: <a href='speedtest1-worker.html'>A Worker-thread variant of this page.</a></div>
-    <!-- emscripten bits -->
-    <figure id="module-spinner">
-      <div class="spinner"></div>
-      <div class='center'><strong>Initializing app...</strong></div>
-      <div class='center'>
-        On a slow internet connection this may take a moment.  If this
-        message displays for "a long time", intialization may have
-        failed and the JavaScript console may contain clues as to why.
-      </div>
-    </figure>
-    <div class="emscripten" id="module-status">Downloading...</div>
-    <div class="emscripten">
-      <progress value="0" max="100" id="module-progress" hidden='1'></progress>  
-    </div><!-- /emscripten bits -->
-    <div class='warning'>This page starts running the main exe when it loads, which will
-      block the UI until it finishes! Adding UI controls to manually configure and start it
-      are TODO.</div>
-    </div>
+    <div>See also: <a href='speedtest1-worker.html'>speedtest1-worker</a></div>
     <div class='warning'>Achtung: running it with the dev tools open may
       <em>drastically</em> slow it down. For faster results, keep the dev
       tools closed when running it!
     </div>
-    <div>Output is delayed/buffered because we cannot update the UI while the
-      speedtest is running. Output will appear below when ready...
     <div id='test-output'></div>
-    <script src="common/SqliteTestUtil.js"></script>
-    <script src="speedtest1-wasmfs.js"></script>
-    <script>(function(){
-    /**
-       If this environment contains OPFS, this function initializes it and
-       returns the name of the dir on which OPFS is mounted, else it returns
-       an empty string.
-    */
-    const wasmfsDir = function f(wasmUtil,dirName="/opfs"){
-        if(undefined !== f._) return f._;
-        if( !self.FileSystemHandle
-            || !self.FileSystemDirectoryHandle
-            || !self.FileSystemFileHandle){
-            return f._ = "";
-        }
-        try{
-            if(0===wasmUtil.xCallWrapped(
-                'sqlite3_wasm_init_wasmfs', 'i32', ['string'], dirName
-            )){
-                return f._ = dirName;
-            }else{
-                return f._ = "";
-            }
-        }catch(e){
-            // sqlite3_wasm_init_wasmfs() is not available
-            return f._ = "";
-        }
-    };
-    wasmfsDir._ = undefined;
-
-    const eOut = document.querySelector('#test-output');
-    const log2 = function(cssClass,...args){
-        const ln = document.createElement('div');
-        if(cssClass) ln.classList.add(cssClass);
-        ln.append(document.createTextNode(args.join(' ')));
-        eOut.append(ln);
-        //this.e.output.lastElementChild.scrollIntoViewIfNeeded();
-    };
-    const logList = [];
-    const dumpLogList = function(){
-        logList.forEach((v)=>log2('',v));
-        logList.length = 0;
-    };
-    /* can't update DOM while speedtest is running unless we run
-       speedtest in a worker thread. */;
-    const log = (...args)=>{
-        console.log(...args);
-        logList.push(args.join(' '));
-    };
-    const logErr = function(...args){
-        console.error(...args);
-        logList.push('ERROR: '+args.join(' '));
-    };
-
-    const runTests = function(sqlite3){
-        console.log("Module inited.");
-        const wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
-        const __unlink = wasm.xWrap("sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink", "int", ["*","string"]);
-        const unlink = (fn)=>__unlink(0,fn);
-        const pDir = wasmfsDir(wasm);
-        if(pDir) log2('',"Persistent storage:",pDir);
-        else{
-            log2('error',"Expecting persistent storage in this build.");
-            return;
-        }
-        const scope = wasm.scopedAllocPush();
-        const dbFile = pDir+"/speedtest1.db";
-        const urlParams = new URL(self.location.href).searchParams;
-        const argv = ["speedtest1"];
-        if(urlParams.has('flags')){
-            argv.push(...(urlParams.get('flags').split(',')));
-            let i = argv.indexOf('--vfs');
-            if(i>=0) argv.splice(i,2);
-        }else{
-            argv.push(
-                "--singlethread",
-                "--nomutex",
-                "--nosync",
-                "--nomemstat"
-            );
-            //"--memdb", // note that memdb trumps the filename arg
-        }
-
-        if(argv.indexOf('--memdb')>=0){
-            log2('error',"WARNING: --memdb flag trumps db filename.");
-        }
-        argv.push("--big-transactions"/*important for tests 410 and 510!*/,
-                  dbFile);
-        console.log("argv =",argv);
-        // These log messages are not emitted to the UI until after main() returns. Fixing that
-        // requires moving the main() call and related cleanup into a timeout handler.
-        if(pDir) unlink(dbFile);
-        log2('',"Starting native app:\n ",argv.join(' '));
-        log2('',"This will take a while and the browser might warn about the runaway JS.",
-             "Give it time...");
-        logList.length = 0;
-        setTimeout(function(){
-            wasm.xCall('wasm_main', argv.length,
-                       wasm.scopedAllocMainArgv(argv));
-            wasm.scopedAllocPop(scope);
-            if(pDir) unlink(dbFile);
-            logList.unshift("Done running native main(). Output:");
-            dumpLogList();
-        }, 25);
-    }/*runTests()*/;
-
-    self.sqlite3TestModule.print = log;
-    self.sqlite3TestModule.printErr = logErr;
-    sqlite3InitModule(self.sqlite3TestModule).then(runTests);
-})();</script>
+    <script>
+      (function(){
+          const eOut = document.querySelector('#test-output');
+          const log2 = function(cssClass,...args){
+              const ln = document.createElement('div');
+              if(cssClass) ln.classList.add(cssClass);
+              ln.append(document.createTextNode(args.join(' ')));
+              eOut.append(ln);
+              //this.e.output.lastElementChild.scrollIntoViewIfNeeded();
+          };
+          /* can't update DOM while speedtest is running unless we run
+             speedtest in a worker thread. */;
+          const log = (...args)=>{
+              console.log(...args);
+              log2('',...args);
+          };
+          const logErr = function(...args){
+              console.error(...args);
+              log2('error',...args);
+          };
+          const W = new Worker(
+              'speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs'+globalThis.location.search,{
+              type: 'module'
+          });
+          log("Starting up...");
+          W.onmessage = function({data}){
+              switch(data.type){
+                  case 'log': log(...data.args); break;
+                  case 'logErr': logErr(...data.args); break;
+                  default:
+                      break;
+              }
+          };
+      })();
+    </script>
   </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2d5ae322
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+import sqlite3InitModule from './jswasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs';
+const wMsg = (type,...args)=>{
+  postMessage({type, args});
+};
+wMsg('log',"speedtest1-wasmfs starting...");
+/**
+   If this environment contains OPFS, this function initializes it and
+   returns the name of the dir on which OPFS is mounted, else it returns
+   an empty string.
+*/
+const wasmfsDir = function f(wasmUtil,dirName="/opfs"){
+  if(undefined !== f._) return f._;
+  if( !self.FileSystemHandle
+      || !self.FileSystemDirectoryHandle
+      || !self.FileSystemFileHandle){
+    return f._ = "";
+  }
+  try{
+    if(0===wasmUtil.xCallWrapped(
+      'sqlite3_wasm_init_wasmfs', 'i32', ['string'], dirName
+    )){
+      return f._ = dirName;
+    }else{
+      return f._ = "";
+    }
+  }catch(e){
+    // sqlite3_wasm_init_wasmfs() is not available
+    return f._ = "";
+  }
+};
+wasmfsDir._ = undefined;
+
+const log = (...args)=>wMsg('log',...args);
+const logErr = (...args)=>wMsg('logErr',...args);
+
+const runTests = function(sqlite3){
+  console.log("Module inited.",sqlite3);
+  const wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
+  const __unlink = wasm.xWrap("sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink", "int", ["*","string"]);
+  const unlink = (fn)=>__unlink(0,fn);
+  const pDir = wasmfsDir(wasm);
+  if(pDir) log("Persistent storage:",pDir);
+  else{
+    logErr("Expecting persistent storage in this build.");
+    return;
+  }
+  const scope = wasm.scopedAllocPush();
+  const dbFile = pDir+"/speedtest1.db";
+  const urlParams = new URL(self.location.href).searchParams;
+  const argv = ["speedtest1"];
+  if(urlParams.has('flags')){
+    argv.push(...(urlParams.get('flags').split(',')));
+    let i = argv.indexOf('--vfs');
+    if(i>=0) argv.splice(i,2);
+  }else{
+    argv.push(
+      "--singlethread",
+      "--nomutex",
+      //"--nosync",
+      "--nomemstat",
+      "--size", "10"
+    );
+  }
+
+  if(argv.indexOf('--memdb')>=0){
+    logErr("WARNING: --memdb flag trumps db filename.");
+  }
+  argv.push("--big-transactions"/*important for tests 410 and 510!*/,
+            dbFile);
+  //log("argv =",argv);
+  // These log messages are not emitted to the UI until after main() returns. Fixing that
+  // requires moving the main() call and related cleanup into a timeout handler.
+  if(pDir) unlink(dbFile);
+  log("Starting native app:\n ",argv.join(' '));
+  log("This will take a while and the browser might warn about the runaway JS.",
+      "Give it time...");
+  setTimeout(function(){
+    if(pDir) unlink(dbFile);
+    wasm.xCall('wasm_main', argv.length,
+               wasm.scopedAllocMainArgv(argv));
+    wasm.scopedAllocPop(scope);
+    if(pDir) unlink(dbFile);
+    log("Done running native main()");
+  }, 25);
+}/*runTests()*/;
+
+sqlite3InitModule({
+  print: log,
+  printErr: logErr
+}).then(runTests);
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.html
index 0d88049b..3adf8f2e 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.html
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.html
@@ -171,7 +171,8 @@
     const urlParams = new URL(self.location.href).searchParams;
     const W = new Worker(
         "speedtest1-worker.js?sqlite3.dir=jswasm"+
-            (urlParams.has('opfs-verbose') ? '&opfs-verbose' : '')
+            (urlParams.has('opfs-verbose') ? '&opfs-verbose' : '')+
+            (urlParams.has('opfs-disable') ? '&opfs-disable' : '')
     );
     const mPost = function(msgType,payload){
         W.postMessage({type: msgType, data: payload});
@@ -259,7 +260,7 @@
         flags["--utf16be"] = "Set text encoding to UTF-16BE";
         flags["--utf16le"] = "Set text encoding to UTF-16LE";
         flags["--verify"] = "Run additional verification steps.";
-        flags["--without"] = "rowid     Use WITHOUT ROWID where appropriate";
+        flags["--without-rowid"] = "Use WITHOUT ROWID where appropriate";
         const preselectedFlags = [
             '--big-transactions',
             '--singlethread'
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@
         if(urlParams.has('flags')){
             preselectedFlags.push(...urlParams.get('flags').split(','));
         }
-        if('opfs'!==urlParams.get('vfs')){
+        if(!urlParams.get('vfs')){
             preselectedFlags.push('--memdb');
         }
         Object.keys(flags).sort().forEach(function(f){
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.js
index c61cab91..dedc3202 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   if(urlParams.has('sqlite3.dir')){
     speedtestJs = urlParams.get('sqlite3.dir') + '/' + speedtestJs;
   }
-  importScripts('common/whwasmutil.js', speedtestJs);
+  importScripts(speedtestJs);
   /**
      If this environment contains OPFS, this function initializes it and
      returns the name of the dir on which OPFS is mounted, else it returns
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
   const log = (...args)=>logMsg('stdout',args);
   const logErr = (...args)=>logMsg('stderr',args);
 
-  const runSpeedtest = function(cliFlagsArray){
+  const runSpeedtest = async function(cliFlagsArray){
     const scope = App.wasm.scopedAllocPush();
     const dbFile = App.pDir+"/speedtest1.sqlite3";
     try{
@@ -56,7 +56,28 @@
         "speedtest1.wasm", ...cliFlagsArray, dbFile
       ];
       App.logBuffer.length = 0;
+      const ndxSahPool = argv.indexOf('opfs-sahpool');
+      const realSahName = 'opfs-sahpool-speedtest1';
+      if(ndxSahPool>0){
+        argv[ndxSahPool] = realSahName;
+        log("Updated argv for opfs-sahpool: --vfs",realSahName);
+      }
       mPost('run-start', [...argv]);
+      if(App.sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs
+         && !App.sqlite3.$SAHPoolUtil
+         && ndxSahPool>0){
+        log("Installing opfs-sahpool as",realSahName,"...");
+        await App.sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs({
+          name: realSahName,
+          initialCapacity: 3,
+          clearOnInit: true,
+          verbosity: 2
+        }).then(PoolUtil=>{
+          log("opfs-sahpool successfully installed as",realSahName);
+          App.sqlite3.$SAHPoolUtil = PoolUtil;
+          //console.log("sqlite3.oo1.OpfsSAHPoolDb =", App.sqlite3.oo1.OpfsSAHPoolDb);
+        });
+      }
       App.wasm.xCall('wasm_main', argv.length,
                      App.wasm.scopedAllocMainArgv(argv));
     }catch(e){
@@ -71,20 +92,38 @@
   self.onmessage = function(msg){
     msg = msg.data;
     switch(msg.type){
-        case 'run': runSpeedtest(msg.data || []); break;
+        case 'run':
+          runSpeedtest(msg.data || [])
+            .catch(e=>mPost('error',e));
+          break;
         default:
           logErr("Unhandled worker message type:",msg.type);
           break;
     }
   };
 
+  const sahpSanityChecks = function(sqlite3){
+    log("Attempting OpfsSAHPoolDb sanity checks...");
+    const db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsSAHPoolDb('opfs-sahpoool.db');
+    const fn = db.filename;
+    db.exec([
+      'create table t(a);',
+      'insert into t(a) values(1),(2),(3);'
+    ]);
+    db.close();
+    sqlite3.wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(sqlite3_vfs_find("opfs-sahpool"), fn);
+    log("SAH sanity checks done.");
+  };
+
   const EmscriptenModule = {
     print: log,
     printErr: logErr,
     setStatus: (text)=>mPost('load-status',text)
   };
-  self.sqlite3InitModule(EmscriptenModule).then((sqlite3)=>{
-    const S = sqlite3;
+  log("Initializing speedtest1 module...");
+  self.sqlite3InitModule(EmscriptenModule).then(async (sqlite3)=>{
+    const S = globalThis.S = App.sqlite3 = sqlite3;
+    log("Loaded speedtest1 module. Setting up...");
     App.vfsUnlink = function(pDb, fname){
       const pVfs = S.wasm.sqlite3_wasm_db_vfs(pDb, 0);
       if(pVfs) S.wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(pVfs, fname||0);
@@ -95,5 +134,7 @@
     //else log("Using transient storage.");
     mPost('ready',true);
     log("Registered VFSes:", ...S.capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_list());
+  }).catch(e=>{
+    logErr(e);
   });
 })();
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1-worker.html b/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1-worker.html
index 03e1f02b..e768c3d6 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1-worker.html
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1-worker.html
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ <h1 id='color-target'>sqlite3 tester #1: Worker thread</h1>
       if(urlParams.has('esm')){
           logHtml('warning',"Attempting to run an ES6 Worker Module, "+
                   "which is not supported by all browsers! "+
-                  "e.g. Firefox (as of 2022-12) cannot do this.");
+                  "e.g. Firefox (as of 2023-05) cannot do this.");
         workerArgs.push("tester1.mjs",{type:"module"});
         document.querySelectorAll('title,#color-target').forEach((e)=>{
           e.innerText = "sqlite3 tester #1: ES6 Worker Module";
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.js b/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.js
index 02eeba7a..92d763f1 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.js
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.js
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 */
 //#if target=es6-module
 import {default as sqlite3InitModule} from './jswasm/sqlite3.mjs';
-self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
+globalThis.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
 //#else
 'use strict';
 //#endif
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
   */
   let logClass;
   /* Predicate for tests/groups. */
-  const isUIThread = ()=>(self.window===self && self.document);
+  const isUIThread = ()=>(globalThis.window===self && globalThis.document);
   /* Predicate for tests/groups. */
   const isWorker = ()=>!isUIThread();
   /* Predicate for tests/groups. */
@@ -65,6 +65,14 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
   const haveWasmCTests = ()=>{
     return !!wasm.exports.sqlite3_wasm_test_intptr;
   };
+  const hasOpfs = ()=>{
+    return globalThis.FileSystemHandle
+      && globalThis.FileSystemDirectoryHandle
+      && globalThis.FileSystemFileHandle
+      && globalThis.FileSystemFileHandle.prototype.createSyncAccessHandle
+      && navigator?.storage?.getDirectory;
+  };
+
   {
     const mapToString = (v)=>{
       switch(typeof v){
@@ -98,6 +106,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
         logTarget.append(ln);
       };
       const cbReverse = document.querySelector('#cb-log-reverse');
+      //cbReverse.setAttribute('checked','checked');
       const cbReverseKey = 'tester1:cb-log-reverse';
       const cbReverseIt = ()=>{
         logTarget.classList[cbReverse.checked ? 'add' : 'remove']('reverse');
@@ -158,8 +167,6 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
     /** Running total of the number of tests run via
         this API. */
     counter: 0,
-    /* Separator line for log messages. */
-    separator: '------------------------------------------------------------',
     /**
        If expr is a function, it is called and its result
        is returned, coerced to a bool, else expr, coerced to
@@ -247,13 +254,11 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
           return this;
         },
         run: async function(sqlite3){
-          log(TestUtil.separator);
           logClass('group-start',"Group #"+this.number+':',this.name);
-          const indent = '    ';
           if(this.predicate){
             const p = this.predicate(sqlite3);
             if(!p || 'string'===typeof p){
-              logClass('warning',indent,
+              logClass(['warning','skipping-group'],
                        "SKIPPING group:", p ? p : "predicate says to" );
               return;
             }
@@ -265,26 +270,34 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
           for(const t of this.tests){
             ++i;
             const n = this.number+"."+i;
-              log(indent, n+":", t.name);
+            logClass('one-test-line', n+":", t.name);
             if(t.predicate){
               const p = t.predicate(sqlite3);
               if(!p || 'string'===typeof p){
-                logClass('warning',indent,
+                logClass(['warning','skipping-test'],
                          "SKIPPING:", p ? p : "predicate says to" );
                 skipped.push( n+': '+t.name );
                 continue;
               }
             }
             const tc = TestUtil.counter, now = performance.now();
-            await t.test.call(groupState, sqlite3);
+            let rc = t.test.call(groupState, sqlite3);
+            /*if(rc instanceof Promise){
+              rc = rc.catch((e)=>{
+                error("Test failure:",e);
+                throw e;
+              });
+            }*/
+            await rc;
             const then = performance.now();
             runtime += then - now;
-            logClass('faded',indent, indent,
+            logClass(['faded','one-test-summary'],
                      TestUtil.counter - tc, 'assertion(s) in',
                      roundMs(then-now),'ms');
           }
-          logClass('green',
-                   "Group #"+this.number+":",(TestUtil.counter - assertCount),
+          logClass(['green','group-end'],
+                   "#"+this.number+":",
+                   (TestUtil.counter - assertCount),
                    "assertion(s) in",roundMs(runtime),"ms");
           if(0 && skipped.length){
             logClass('warning',"SKIPPED test(s) in group",this.number+":",skipped);
@@ -320,8 +333,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
             await g.run(sqlite3);
             runtime += performance.now() - now;
           }
-          log(TestUtil.separator);
-          logClass(['strong','green'],
+          logClass(['strong','green','full-test-summary'],
                    "Done running tests.",TestUtil.counter,"assertions in",
                    roundMs(runtime),'ms');
           pok();
@@ -338,6 +350,11 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
   T.g = T.addGroup;
   T.t = T.addTest;
   let capi, wasm/*assigned after module init*/;
+  const sahPoolConfig = {
+    name: 'opfs-sahpool-tester1',
+    clearOnInit: true,
+    initialCapacity: 6
+  };
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   // End of infrastructure setup. Now define the tests...
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -1166,7 +1183,8 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
       try{db.checkRc(rc)}
       catch(e){ex = e}
       T.assert(ex instanceof sqlite3.SQLite3Error)
-        .assert(0===ex.message.indexOf("sqlite3 result code"))
+        .assert(capi.SQLITE_MISUSE===ex.resultCode)
+        .assert(0===ex.message.indexOf("SQLITE_MISUSE: sqlite3 result code"))
         .assert(ex.message.indexOf("Invalid SQL")>0);
       T.assert(db === db.checkRc(0))
         .assert(db === sqlite3.oo1.DB.checkRc(db,0))
@@ -1219,6 +1237,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
       );
       //debug("statement =",st);
       this.progressHandlerCount = 0;
+      let rc;
       try {
         T.assert(wasm.isPtr(st.pointer))
           .mustThrowMatching(()=>st.pointer=1, /read-only/)
@@ -1229,6 +1248,8 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
             ) === 0)
           .assert(!st._mayGet)
           .assert('a' === st.getColumnName(0))
+          .mustThrowMatching(()=>st.columnCount=2,
+                             /columnCount property is read-only/)
           .assert(1===st.columnCount)
           .assert(0===st.parameterCount)
           .mustThrow(()=>st.bind(1,null))
@@ -1264,10 +1285,11 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
           assert(0===capi.sqlite3_strlike("%.txt", "foo.txt", 0)).
           assert(0!==capi.sqlite3_strlike("%.txt", "foo.xtx", 0));
       }finally{
-        st.finalize();
+        rc = st.finalize();
       }
       T.assert(!st.pointer)
-        .assert(0===this.db.openStatementCount());
+        .assert(0===this.db.openStatementCount())
+        .assert(0===rc);
 
       T.mustThrowMatching(()=>new sqlite3.oo1.Stmt("hi"), function(err){
         return (err instanceof sqlite3.SQLite3Error)
@@ -1282,7 +1304,6 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
       if(1){
         const vfsList = capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_list();
         T.assert(vfsList.length>1);
-        //log("vfsList =",vfsList);
         wasm.scopedAllocCall(()=>{
           const vfsArg = (v)=>wasm.xWrap.testConvertArg('sqlite3_vfs*',v);
           for(const v of vfsList){
@@ -1332,8 +1353,8 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
         sql:['CREATE TABLE t(a,b);',
              // ^^^ using TEMP TABLE breaks the db export test
              "INSERT INTO t(a,b) VALUES(1,2),(3,4),",
-             "(?,?),('blob',X'6869')"/*intentionally missing semicolon to test for
-                                       off-by-one bug in string-to-WASM conversion*/],
+             "(?,?)"/*intentionally missing semicolon to test for
+                      off-by-one bug in string-to-WASM conversion*/],
         saveSql: list,
         bind: [5,6]
       });
@@ -1341,12 +1362,20 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
       T.assert(rc === db)
         .assert(2 === list.length)
         .assert('string'===typeof list[1])
-        .assert(4===db.changes())
+        .assert(3===db.changes())
         .assert(this.progressHandlerCount > 0,
                 "Expecting progress callback.")
       if(wasm.bigIntEnabled){
-        T.assert(4n===db.changes(false,true));
+        T.assert(3n===db.changes(false,true));
       }
+      rc = db.exec({
+        sql: "INSERT INTO t(a,b) values('blob',X'6869') RETURNING 13",
+        rowMode: 0
+      });
+      T.assert(Array.isArray(rc))
+        .assert(1===rc.length)
+        .assert(13 === rc[0])
+        .assert(1===db.changes());
 
       let vals = db.selectValues('select a from t order by a limit 2');
       T.assert( 2 === vals.length )
@@ -1373,10 +1402,10 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
           T.assert(
             3 === this._myState
             /* Recall that "this" is the options object. */
+          ).assert(
+            this.columnNames===colNames
           ).assert(
             this.columnNames[0]==='a' && this.columnNames[1]==='b'
-            /* options.columnNames is filled out before the first
-               Stmt.step(). */
           ).assert(
             (row.a%2 && row.a<6) || 'blob'===row.a
           );
@@ -1386,6 +1415,14 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
         .assert('a' === colNames[0])
         .assert(4 === counter)
         .assert(4 === list.length);
+      colNames = [];
+      db.exec({
+        /* Ensure that columnNames is populated for empty result sets. */
+        sql: "SELECT a a, b B FROM t WHERE 0",
+        columnNames: colNames
+      });
+      T.assert(2===colNames.length)
+        .assert('a'===colNames[0] && 'B'===colNames[1]);
       list.length = 0;
       db.exec("SELECT a a, b b FROM t",{
         rowMode: 'array',
@@ -1438,11 +1475,14 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
 
       let st = db.prepare("update t set b=:b where a='blob'");
       try {
+        T.assert(0===st.columnCount);
         const ndx = st.getParamIndex(':b');
         T.assert(1===ndx);
-        st.bindAsBlob(ndx, "ima blob").reset(true);
+        st.bindAsBlob(ndx, "ima blob")
+          /*step() skipped intentionally*/.reset(true);
       } finally {
-        st.finalize();
+        T.assert(0===st.finalize())
+          .assert(undefined===st.finalize());        
       }
 
       try {
@@ -1604,8 +1644,20 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
         .assert(3===rc[1].a)
         .assert(4===rc[1].b);
     })
-
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    .t('selectArray/Object/Values() via INSERT/UPDATE...RETURNING', function(sqlite3){
+      let rc = this.db.selectObject("INSERT INTO t(a,b) VALUES(83,84) RETURNING a as AA");
+      T.assert(83===rc.AA);
+      rc = this.db.selectArray("UPDATE T set a=85 WHERE a=83 RETURNING b as BB");
+      T.assert(Array.isArray(rc)).assert(84===rc[0]);
+      //log("select * from t:",this.db.selectObjects("select * from t order by a"));
+      rc = this.db.selectValues("UPDATE T set a=a*1 RETURNING a");
+      T.assert(Array.isArray(rc))
+        .assert(5 === rc.length)
+        .assert('number'===typeof rc[0])
+        .assert(rc[0]|0 === rc[0] /* is small integer */);
+    })
+    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     .t({
       name: 'sqlite3_js_db_export()',
       predicate: ()=>true,
@@ -1619,13 +1671,12 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
       }
     }/*sqlite3_js_db_export()*/)
     .t({
-      name: 'sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file() with db in default VFS',
+      name: 'sqlite3_js_posix_create_file()',
       predicate: ()=>true,
       test: function(sqlite3){
         const db = this.db;
-        const pVfs = capi.sqlite3_js_db_vfs(db);
-        const filename = "sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file().db";
-        capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file(pVfs, filename, this.dbExport);
+        const filename = "sqlite3_js_posix_create_file.db";
+        capi.sqlite3_js_posix_create_file(filename, this.dbExport);
         delete this.dbExport;
         const db2 = new sqlite3.oo1.DB(filename,'r');
         try {
@@ -1634,7 +1685,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
           T.assert(n>0 && db2.selectValue(sql) === n);
         }finally{
           db2.close();
-          wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(pVfs, filename);
+          wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(0, filename);
         }
       }
     }/*sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file()*/)
@@ -2578,128 +2629,6 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
    }/*kvvfs sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file()*/)
   ;/* end kvvfs tests */
 
-  ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-  T.g('OPFS: Origin-Private File System',
-      (sqlite3)=>(sqlite3.opfs
-                  ? true : "requires Worker thread in a compatible browser"))
-    .t({
-      name: 'OPFS db sanity checks',
-      test: async function(sqlite3){
-        const filename = this.opfsDbFile = 'sqlite3-tester1.db';
-        const pVfs = this.opfsVfs = capi.sqlite3_vfs_find('opfs');
-        T.assert(pVfs);
-        const unlink = this.opfsUnlink =
-              (fn=filename)=>{wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(pVfs,fn)};
-        unlink();
-        let db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(filename);
-        try {
-          db.exec([
-            'create table p(a);',
-            'insert into p(a) values(1),(2),(3)'
-          ]);
-          T.assert(3 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p'));
-          db.close();
-          db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(filename);
-          db.exec('insert into p(a) values(4),(5),(6)');
-          T.assert(6 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p'));
-          this.opfsDbExport = capi.sqlite3_js_db_export(db);
-          T.assert(this.opfsDbExport instanceof Uint8Array)
-            .assert(this.opfsDbExport.byteLength>0
-                    && 0===this.opfsDbExport.byteLength % 512);
-        }finally{
-          db.close();
-          unlink();
-        }
-      }
-    }/*OPFS db sanity checks*/)
-    .t({
-      name: 'OPFS export/import',
-      test: async function(sqlite3){
-        let db;
-        try {
-          const exp = this.opfsDbExport;
-          delete this.opfsDbExport;
-          capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file("opfs", this.opfsDbFile, exp);
-          const db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(this.opfsDbFile);
-          T.assert(6 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p'));
-        }finally{
-          if(db) db.close();
-        }
-      }
-    }/*OPFS export/import*/)
-    .t({
-      name: 'OPFS utility APIs and sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file()',
-      test: async function(sqlite3){
-        const filename = this.opfsDbFile;
-        const pVfs = this.opfsVfs;
-        const unlink = this.opfsUnlink;
-        T.assert(filename && pVfs && !!unlink);
-        delete this.opfsDbFile;
-        delete this.opfsVfs;
-        delete this.opfsUnlink;
-        unlink();
-        // Sanity-test sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file()...
-        /**************************************************************
-           ATTENTION CLIENT-SIDE USERS: sqlite3.opfs is NOT intended
-           for client-side use. It is only for this project's own
-           internal use. Its APIs are subject to change or removal at
-           any time.
-        ***************************************************************/
-        const opfs = sqlite3.opfs;
-        const fSize = 1379;
-        let sh;
-        try{
-          T.assert(!(await opfs.entryExists(filename)));
-          capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file(
-            pVfs, filename, null, fSize
-          );
-          T.assert(await opfs.entryExists(filename));
-          let fh = await opfs.rootDirectory.getFileHandle(filename);
-          sh = await fh.createSyncAccessHandle();
-          T.assert(fSize === await sh.getSize());
-          await sh.close();
-          sh = undefined;
-          unlink();
-          T.assert(!(await opfs.entryExists(filename)));
-
-          const ba = new Uint8Array([1,2,3,4,5]);
-          capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file(
-            "opfs", filename, ba
-          );
-          T.assert(await opfs.entryExists(filename));
-          fh = await opfs.rootDirectory.getFileHandle(filename);
-          sh = await fh.createSyncAccessHandle();
-          T.assert(ba.byteLength === await sh.getSize());
-          await sh.close();
-          sh = undefined;
-          unlink();
-
-          T.mustThrowMatching(()=>{
-            capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_create_file(
-              "no-such-vfs", filename, ba
-            );
-          }, "SQLITE_NOTFOUND: Unknown sqlite3_vfs name: no-such-vfs");
-        }finally{
-          if(sh) await sh.close();
-          unlink();
-        }
-
-        // Some sanity checks of the opfs utility functions...
-        const testDir = '/sqlite3-opfs-'+opfs.randomFilename(12);
-        const aDir = testDir+'/test/dir';
-        T.assert(await opfs.mkdir(aDir), "mkdir failed")
-          .assert(await opfs.mkdir(aDir), "mkdir must pass if the dir exists")
-          .assert(!(await opfs.unlink(testDir+'/test')), "delete 1 should have failed (dir not empty)")
-          .assert((await opfs.unlink(testDir+'/test/dir')), "delete 2 failed")
-          .assert(!(await opfs.unlink(testDir+'/test/dir')),
-                  "delete 2b should have failed (dir already deleted)")
-          .assert((await opfs.unlink(testDir, true)), "delete 3 failed")
-          .assert(!(await opfs.entryExists(testDir)),
-                  "entryExists(",testDir,") should have failed");
-      }
-    }/*OPFS util sanity checks*/)
-  ;/* end OPFS tests */
-
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   T.g('Hook APIs')
     .t({
@@ -2905,8 +2834,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
               .assert( capi.sqlite3session_enable(pSession, -1) > 0 )
               .assert(undefined === db1.selectValue('select a from t where rowid=2'));
           }else{
-            warn("sqlite3session_enable() tests disabled due to unexpected results.",
-                 "(Possibly a tester misunderstanding, as opposed to a bug.)");
+            warn("sqlite3session_enable() tests are currently disabled.");
           }
           let db1Count = db1.selectValue("select count(*) from t");
           T.assert( db1Count === (testSessionEnable ? 2 : 3) );
@@ -2971,17 +2899,304 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
     })/*session API sanity tests*/
   ;/*end of session API group*/;
 
+  ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+  T.g('OPFS: Origin-Private File System',
+      (sqlite3)=>(sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find("opfs")
+                  || 'requires "opfs" VFS'))
+    .t({
+      name: 'OPFS db sanity checks',
+      test: async function(sqlite3){
+        const filename = this.opfsDbFile = '/dir/sqlite3-tester1.db';
+        const pVfs = this.opfsVfs = capi.sqlite3_vfs_find('opfs');
+        T.assert(pVfs);
+        const unlink = this.opfsUnlink =
+              (fn=filename)=>{wasm.sqlite3_wasm_vfs_unlink(pVfs,fn)};
+        unlink();
+        let db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(filename);
+        try {
+          db.exec([
+            'create table p(a);',
+            'insert into p(a) values(1),(2),(3)'
+          ]);
+          T.assert(3 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p'));
+          db.close();
+          db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(filename);
+          db.exec('insert into p(a) values(4),(5),(6)');
+          T.assert(6 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p'));
+          this.opfsDbExport = capi.sqlite3_js_db_export(db);
+          T.assert(this.opfsDbExport instanceof Uint8Array)
+            .assert(this.opfsDbExport.byteLength>0
+                    && 0===this.opfsDbExport.byteLength % 512);
+        }finally{
+          db.close();
+          unlink();
+        }
+      }
+    }/*OPFS db sanity checks*/)
+    .t({
+      name: 'OPFS import',
+      test: async function(sqlite3){
+        let db;
+        try {
+          const exp = this.opfsDbExport;
+          const filename = this.opfsDbFile;
+          delete this.opfsDbExport;
+          this.opfsImportSize = await sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb.importDb(filename, exp);
+          db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(this.opfsDbFile);
+          T.assert(6 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p')).
+            assert( this.opfsImportSize == exp.byteLength );
+          db.close();
+          this.opfsUnlink(filename);
+          T.assert(!(await sqlite3.opfs.entryExists(filename)));
+          // Try again with a function as an input source:
+          let cursor = 0;
+          const blockSize = 512, end = exp.byteLength;
+          const reader = async function(){
+            if(cursor >= exp.byteLength){
+              return undefined;
+            }
+            const rv = exp.subarray(cursor, cursor+blockSize>end ? end : cursor+blockSize);
+            cursor += blockSize;
+            return rv;
+          };
+          this.opfsImportSize = await sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb.importDb(filename, reader);
+          db = new sqlite3.oo1.OpfsDb(this.opfsDbFile);
+          T.assert(6 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from p')).
+            assert( this.opfsImportSize == exp.byteLength );
+        }finally{
+          if(db) db.close();
+        }
+      }
+    }/*OPFS export/import*/)
+    .t({
+      name: '(Internal-use) OPFS utility APIs',
+      test: async function(sqlite3){
+        const filename = this.opfsDbFile;
+        const pVfs = this.opfsVfs;
+        const unlink = this.opfsUnlink;
+        T.assert(filename && pVfs && !!unlink);
+        delete this.opfsDbFile;
+        delete this.opfsVfs;
+        delete this.opfsUnlink;
+        /**************************************************************
+           ATTENTION CLIENT-SIDE USERS: sqlite3.opfs is NOT intended
+           for client-side use. It is only for this project's own
+           internal use. Its APIs are subject to change or removal at
+           any time.
+        ***************************************************************/
+        const opfs = sqlite3.opfs;
+        const fSize = this.opfsImportSize;
+        delete this.opfsImportSize;
+        let sh;
+        try{
+          T.assert(await opfs.entryExists(filename));
+          const [dirHandle, filenamePart] = await opfs.getDirForFilename(filename, false);
+          const fh = await dirHandle.getFileHandle(filenamePart);
+          sh = await fh.createSyncAccessHandle();
+          T.assert(fSize === await sh.getSize());
+          await sh.close();
+          sh = undefined;
+          unlink();
+          T.assert(!(await opfs.entryExists(filename)));
+        }finally{
+          if(sh) await sh.close();
+          unlink();
+        }
+
+        // Some sanity checks of the opfs utility functions...
+        const testDir = '/sqlite3-opfs-'+opfs.randomFilename(12);
+        const aDir = testDir+'/test/dir';
+        T.assert(await opfs.mkdir(aDir), "mkdir failed")
+          .assert(await opfs.mkdir(aDir), "mkdir must pass if the dir exists")
+          .assert(!(await opfs.unlink(testDir+'/test')), "delete 1 should have failed (dir not empty)")
+          .assert((await opfs.unlink(testDir+'/test/dir')), "delete 2 failed")
+          .assert(!(await opfs.unlink(testDir+'/test/dir')),
+                  "delete 2b should have failed (dir already deleted)")
+          .assert((await opfs.unlink(testDir, true)), "delete 3 failed")
+          .assert(!(await opfs.entryExists(testDir)),
+                  "entryExists(",testDir,") should have failed");
+      }
+    }/*OPFS util sanity checks*/)
+  ;/* end OPFS tests */
+
+  ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+  T.g('OPFS SyncAccessHandle Pool VFS',
+      (sqlite3)=>(hasOpfs() || "requires OPFS APIs"))
+    .t({
+      name: 'SAH sanity checks',
+      test: async function(sqlite3){
+        T.assert(!sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(sahPoolConfig.name))
+          .assert(sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_list().indexOf(sahPoolConfig.name) < 0)
+        const inst = sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs,
+              catcher = (e)=>{
+                error("Cannot load SAH pool VFS.",
+                      "This might not be a problem,",
+                      "depending on the environment.");
+                return false;
+              };
+        let u1, u2;
+        // Ensure that two immediately-consecutive installations
+        // resolve to the same Promise instead of triggering
+        // a locking error.
+        const P1 = inst(sahPoolConfig).then(u=>u1 = u).catch(catcher),
+              P2 = inst(sahPoolConfig).then(u=>u2 = u).catch(catcher);
+        await Promise.all([P1, P2]);
+        if(!(await P1)) return;
+        T.assert(u1 === u2)
+          .assert(sahPoolConfig.name === u1.vfsName)
+          .assert(sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(sahPoolConfig.name))
+          .assert(u1.getCapacity() >= sahPoolConfig.initialCapacity
+                  /* If a test fails before we get to nuke the VFS, we
+                     can have more than the initial capacity on the next
+                     run. */)
+          .assert(u1.getCapacity() + 2 === (await u2.addCapacity(2)))
+          .assert(2 === (await u2.reduceCapacity(2)))
+          .assert(sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_list().indexOf(sahPoolConfig.name) >= 0);
+
+        T.assert(0 === u1.getFileCount());
+        const dbName = '/foo.db';
+        let db = new u1.OpfsSAHPoolDb(dbName);
+        T.assert(db instanceof sqlite3.oo1.DB)
+          .assert(1 === u1.getFileCount());
+        db.exec([
+          'create table t(a);',
+          'insert into t(a) values(1),(2),(3)'
+        ]);
+        T.assert(1 === u1.getFileCount());
+        T.assert(3 === db.selectValue('select count(*) from t'));
+        db.close();
+        T.assert(1 === u1.getFileCount());
+        db = new u2.OpfsSAHPoolDb(dbName);
+        T.assert(1 === u1.getFileCount());
+        db.close();
+        const fileNames = u1.getFileNames();
+        T.assert(1 === fileNames.length)
+          .assert(dbName === fileNames[0])
+          .assert(1 === u1.getFileCount())
+
+        if(1){ // test exportFile() and importDb()
+          const dbytes = u1.exportFile(dbName);
+          T.assert(dbytes.length >= 4096);
+          const dbName2 = '/exported.db';
+          let nWrote = u1.importDb(dbName2, dbytes);
+          T.assert( 2 == u1.getFileCount() )
+            .assert( dbytes.byteLength == nWrote );
+          let db2 = new u1.OpfsSAHPoolDb(dbName2);
+          T.assert(db2 instanceof sqlite3.oo1.DB)
+            .assert(3 === db2.selectValue('select count(*) from t'));
+          db2.close();
+          T.assert(true === u1.unlink(dbName2))
+            .assert(false === u1.unlink(dbName2))
+            .assert(1 === u1.getFileCount())
+            .assert(1 === u1.getFileNames().length);
+          // Try again with a function as an input source:
+          let cursor = 0;
+          const blockSize = 1024, end = dbytes.byteLength;
+          const reader = async function(){
+            if(cursor >= dbytes.byteLength){
+              return undefined;
+            }
+            const rv = dbytes.subarray(cursor, cursor+blockSize>end ? end : cursor+blockSize);
+            cursor += blockSize;
+            return rv;
+          };
+          nWrote = await u1.importDb(dbName2, reader);
+          T.assert( 2 == u1.getFileCount() );
+          db2 = new u1.OpfsSAHPoolDb(dbName2);
+          T.assert(db2 instanceof sqlite3.oo1.DB)
+            .assert(3 === db2.selectValue('select count(*) from t'));
+          db2.close();
+          T.assert(true === u1.unlink(dbName2))
+            .assert(dbytes.byteLength == nWrote);
+        }
+
+        T.assert(true === u1.unlink(dbName))
+          .assert(false === u1.unlink(dbName))
+          .assert(0 === u1.getFileCount())
+          .assert(0 === u1.getFileNames().length);
+
+        // Demonstrate that two SAH pools can coexist so long as
+        // they have different names.
+        const conf2 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(sahPoolConfig));
+        conf2.name += '-test2';
+        const POther = await inst(conf2);
+        //log("Installed second SAH instance as",conf2.name);
+        T.assert(0 === POther.getFileCount())
+          .assert(true === await POther.removeVfs());
+
+        if(0){
+           /* Enable this block to inspect vfs's contents via the dev
+              console or OPFS Explorer browser extension.  The
+              following bits will remove them. */
+          return;
+        }
+        T.assert(true === await u2.removeVfs())
+          .assert(false === await u1.removeVfs())
+          .assert(!sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(sahPoolConfig.name));
+
+        let cErr, u3;
+        conf2.$testThrowInInit = new Error("Testing throwing during init.");
+        conf2.name = sahPoolConfig.name+'-err';
+        const P3 = await inst(conf2).then(u=>u3 = u).catch((e)=>cErr=e);
+        T.assert(P3 === conf2.$testThrowInInit)
+          .assert(cErr === P3)
+          .assert(undefined === u3)
+          .assert(!sqlite3.capi.sqlite3_vfs_find(conf2.name));
+      }
+    }/*OPFS SAH Pool sanity checks*/)
+
+  ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+  T.g('Bug Reports')
+    .t({
+      name: 'Delete via bound parameter in subquery',
+      test: function(sqlite3){
+        // Testing https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/40ce55bdf5
+        // with the exception that that post uses "external content"
+        // for the FTS index.
+        const db = new sqlite3.oo1.DB();//(':memory:','wt');
+        db.exec([
+          "create virtual table f using fts5 (path);",
+          "insert into f(path) values('abc'),('def'),('ghi');"
+        ]);
+        const fetchEm = ()=> db.exec({
+          sql: "SELECT * FROM f order by path",
+          rowMode: 'array'
+        });
+        const dump = function(lbl){
+          let rc = fetchEm();
+          log((lbl ? (lbl+' results') : ''),rc);
+        };
+        //dump('Full fts table');
+        let rc = fetchEm();
+        T.assert(3===rc.length);
+        db.exec(`
+          delete from f where rowid in (
+          select rowid from f where path = :path
+           )`,
+          {bind: {":path": "def"}}
+        );
+        //dump('After deleting one entry via subquery');
+        rc = fetchEm();
+        T.assert(2===rc.length)
+          .assert('abcghi'===rc.join(''));
+        //log('rc =',rc);
+        db.close();
+      }
+    })
+  ;/*end of Bug Reports group*/;
+
   ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   log("Loading and initializing sqlite3 WASM module...");
   if(0){
-    self.sqlite3ApiConfig = {
+    globalThis.sqlite3ApiConfig = {
       debug: ()=>{},
       log: ()=>{},
       warn: ()=>{},
       error: ()=>{}
     }
   }
-  if(!self.sqlite3InitModule && !isUIThread()){
+//#ifnot target=es6-module
+  if(!globalThis.sqlite3InitModule && !isUIThread()){
     /* Vanilla worker, as opposed to an ES6 module worker */
     /*
       If sqlite3.js is in a directory other than this script, in order
@@ -2994,27 +3209,32 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
       that's not needed.
 
       URL arguments passed as part of the filename via importScripts()
-      are simply lost, and such scripts see the self.location of
+      are simply lost, and such scripts see the globalThis.location of
       _this_ script.
     */
     let sqlite3Js = 'sqlite3.js';
-    const urlParams = new URL(self.location.href).searchParams;
+    const urlParams = new URL(globalThis.location.href).searchParams;
     if(urlParams.has('sqlite3.dir')){
       sqlite3Js = urlParams.get('sqlite3.dir') + '/' + sqlite3Js;
     }
     importScripts(sqlite3Js);
   }
-  self.sqlite3InitModule.__isUnderTest =
+//#endif
+  globalThis.sqlite3InitModule.__isUnderTest =
     true /* disables certain API-internal cleanup so that we can
             test internal APIs from here */;
-  self.sqlite3InitModule({
+  globalThis.sqlite3InitModule({
     print: log,
     printErr: error
-  }).then(function(sqlite3){
-    //console.log('sqlite3 =',sqlite3);
+  }).then(async function(sqlite3){
     log("Done initializing WASM/JS bits. Running tests...");
     sqlite3.config.warn("Installing sqlite3 bits as global S for local dev/test purposes.");
-    self.S = sqlite3;
+    globalThis.S = sqlite3;
+    /*await sqlite3.installOpfsSAHPoolVfs(sahPoolConfig)
+      .then((u)=>log("Loaded",u.vfsName,"VFS"))
+      .catch(e=>{
+        log("Cannot install OpfsSAHPool.",e);
+      });*/
     capi = sqlite3.capi;
     wasm = sqlite3.wasm;
     log("sqlite3 version:",capi.sqlite3_libversion(),
@@ -3029,7 +3249,7 @@ self.sqlite3InitModule = sqlite3InitModule;
     }else{
       logClass('warning',"sqlite3_wasm_test_...() APIs unavailable.");
     }
+    log("registered vfs list =",capi.sqlite3_js_vfs_list().join(', '));
     TestUtil.runTests(sqlite3);
   });
 })(self);
-
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/wasmfs.make b/sqlite/ext/wasm/wasmfs.make
index 020014f3..71c0fe75 100644
--- a/sqlite/ext/wasm/wasmfs.make
+++ b/sqlite/ext/wasm/wasmfs.make
@@ -6,14 +6,10 @@
 # GNUMakefile.
 ########################################################################
 MAKEFILE.wasmfs := $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))
+$(warning The WASMFS build is currently incomplete.)
 
-# Maintenance reminder: these particular files cannot be built into a
-# subdirectory because loading of the auxiliary
-# sqlite3-wasmfs.worker.js file it creates fails if sqlite3-wasmfs.js
-# is loaded from any directory other than the one in which the
-# containing HTML lives. Similarly, they cannot be loaded from a
-# Worker to an Emscripten quirk regarding loading nested Workers.
-dir.wasmfs := $(dir.wasm)
+#dir.wasmfs := $(dir.wasm)
+dir.wasmfs := $(dir.dout)
 sqlite3-wasmfs.js     := $(dir.wasmfs)/sqlite3-wasmfs.js
 sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs    := $(dir.wasmfs)/sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs
 sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm   := $(dir.wasmfs)/sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm
@@ -28,105 +24,92 @@ CLEAN_FILES += $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm) \
 cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs :=
 cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -std=c99 -fPIC
 cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -pthread
-cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs += $(cflags.speedtest1)
-cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs += $(SQLITE_OPT) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WASMFS
+cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WASMFS
 
 ########################################################################
 # emcc flags specific to building the final .js/.wasm file...
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs := -fPIC
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += --no-entry
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += --minify 0
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sMODULARIZE
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sEXPORT_NAME=$(sqlite3.js.init-func)
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sSTRICT_JS
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sDYNAMIC_EXECUTION=0
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sNO_POLYFILL
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sWASM_BIGINT=$(emcc.WASM_BIGINT)
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sEXPORTED_FUNCTIONS=@$(abspath $(dir.api)/EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.sqlite3-api)
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sEXPORTED_RUNTIME_METHODS=FS,wasmMemory,allocateUTF8OnStack
+emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs :=
+emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += \
+  -sEXPORTED_RUNTIME_METHODS=wasmMemory,allocateUTF8OnStack,stringToUTF8OnStack
                           # wasmMemory ==> for -sIMPORTED_MEMORY
-                          # allocateUTF8OnStack ==> wasmfs internals
+                          # *OnStack ==> wasmfs internals (leaky abstraction)
 emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sUSE_CLOSURE_COMPILER=0
 emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -Wno-limited-postlink-optimizations
 # ^^^^^ it likes to warn when we have "limited optimizations" via the -g3 flag.
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sALLOW_TABLE_GROWTH
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sSTACK_SIZE=512KB
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sGLOBAL_BASE=4096 # HYPOTHETICALLY keep func table indexes from overlapping w/ heap addr.
 emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sMEMORY64=0
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sIMPORTED_MEMORY
 emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sINITIAL_MEMORY=$(emcc.INITIAL_MEMORY.128)
 # ^^^^ 64MB is not enough for WASMFS/OPFS test runs using batch-runner.js
 sqlite3-wasmfs.fsflags := -pthread -sWASMFS \
-    -sPTHREAD_POOL_SIZE=2 -sENVIRONMENT=web,worker \
-    -sERROR_ON_UNDEFINED_SYMBOLS=0 -sLLD_REPORT_UNDEFINED 
+    -sPTHREAD_POOL_SIZE=1 \
+    -sERROR_ON_UNDEFINED_SYMBOLS=0 -sLLD_REPORT_UNDEFINED
 # ^^^^^ why undefined symbols are necessary for the wasmfs build is anyone's guess.
 emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += $(sqlite3-wasmfs.fsflags)
-#emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH
+emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs += -sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=0
 #^^^ using ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH produces a warning from emcc:
 #   USE_PTHREADS + ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH may run non-wasm code slowly,
 #   see https://github.com/WebAssembly/design/issues/1271 [-Wpthreads-mem-growth]
 # And, indeed, it runs slowly if memory is permitted to grow.
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.vanilla :=
-emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.esm := -sEXPORT_ES6 -sUSE_ES6_IMPORT_META
-$(eval $(call call-make-pre-js,sqlite3-wasmfs,vanilla))
-$(eval $(call call-make-pre-js,sqlite3-wasmfs,esm))
-Xemcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.vanilla += \
-  $(pre-post-common.flags.vanilla) \
-  $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.flags.vanilla)
-Xemcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.esm += \
-  $(pre-post-common.flags.esm) \
-  $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.flags.esm)
-$(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs): $(sqlite3-wasm.c) \
-    $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.api) $(MAKEFILE) $(MAKEFILE.wasmfs)
-$(sqlite3-wasmfs.js): $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.deps.vanilla)
-$(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs): $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.deps.esm)
-# SQLITE3-WASMFS.xJS.RECIPE is the wasmfs-specific counterpart
-# of SQLITE3.xJS.RECIPE from the main makefile.
-define SQLITE3-WASMFS.xJS.RECIPE
-	@echo "Building $@ ..."
-	$(emcc.bin) -o $@ $(emcc_opt_full) $(emcc.flags) \
-      $(cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs) \
-      $(emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs) $(emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.$(1)) \
-      $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.flags.$(1)) \
-     $(sqlite3-wasm.c)
-	@$(call SQLITE3.xJS.ESM-EXPORT-DEFAULT,$(1))
-	chmod -x $(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm)
-	$(maybe-wasm-strip) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm)
-	@ls -la $(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm) sqlite3-wasmfs*js
-endef
-$(sqlite3-wasmfs.js):
-	$(call SQLITE3-WASMFS.xJS.RECIPE,vanilla)
-$(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs): $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js)
-	$(call SQLITE3-WASMFS.xJS.RECIPE,esm)
-$(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm): $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js)
-wasmfs: $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs)
+#emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.vanilla :=
+#emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs.esm := -sEXPORT_ES6 -sUSE_ES6_IMPORT_META
+sqlite3-api.mjs.wasmfs := $(dir.tmp)/sqlite3-api-wasmfs.mjs
+$(eval $(call SETUP_LIB_BUILD_MODE,sqlite3-wasmfs,esm,1,\
+    $(sqlite3-api.mjs.wasmfs), $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs),\
+    $(c-pp.D.sqlite3-bundler-friendly) -Dwasmfs,\
+    -sEXPORT_ES6 -sUSE_ES6_IMPORT_META\
+))
+$(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs): $(MAKEFILE.wasmfs)
+########################################################################
+# Build quirk: we cannot build BOTH .js and .mjs with our current
+# build infrastructure because the supplemental *.worker.js files get
+# generated with the name of the main module file
+# ($(sqlite3-wasmfs.{js,mjs})) hard-coded in them.  Thus the last one
+# to get built gets the *.worker.js files mapped to it. In order to
+# build both modes they would need to have distinct base names or
+# output directories. "The problem" with giving them distinct base
+# names is that it means that the corresponding .wasm file is also
+# built/saved multiple times.
+#
+wasmfs.build.ext := mjs
+$(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs): $(SOAP.js.bld)
+ifeq (js,$(wasmfs.build.ext))
+  $(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm): $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js)
+  wasmfs: $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js)
+else
+  $(sqlite3-wasmfs.wasm): $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs)
+  wasmfs: $(sqlite3-wasmfs.mjs)
+endif
 #all: wasmfs
 
 ########################################################################
 # speedtest1 for wasmfs.
-speedtest1-wasmfs.js := $(dir.wasmfs)/speedtest1-wasmfs.js
-speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm := $(subst .js,.wasm,$(speedtest1-wasmfs.js))
+speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs := $(dir.wasmfs)/speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs
+speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm := $(subst .mjs,.wasm,$(speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs))
 emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs := $(sqlite3-wasmfs.fsflags)
-emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs += $(SQLITE_OPT) -DSQLITE_ENABLE_WASMFS
+emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs += $(SQLITE_OPT)
 emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs += -sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=0
 emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs += -sINITIAL_MEMORY=$(emcc.INITIAL_MEMORY.128)
-#$(eval $(call call-make-pre-js,speedtest1-wasmfs,vanilla))
-$(speedtest1-wasmfs.js): $(speedtest1.cses) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) \
+#$(eval $(call call-make-pre-js,speedtest1-wasmfs,ems))
+$(speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs): $(speedtest1.cfiles) $(sqlite3-wasmfs.js) \
   $(MAKEFILE) $(MAKEFILE.wasmfs) \
-  $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.deps) \
+  $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs-esm.deps) \
   $(EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.speedtest1)
 	@echo "Building $@ ..."
 	$(emcc.bin) \
-         $(emcc.speedtest1.common) $(emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs) \
-        $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs.flags.vanilla) \
+        $(pre-post-sqlite3-wasmfs-esm.flags) \
+        $(cflags.common) \
         $(cflags.sqlite3-wasmfs) \
-        -o $@ $(speedtest1.cses) -lm
+        $(emcc.speedtest1.common) \
+        $(emcc.flags.speedtest1-vanilla) \
+        $(emcc.flags.sqlite3-wasmfs) \
+        $(emcc.flags.speedtest1-wasmfs) \
+        -o $@ $(speedtest1.cfiles) -lm
+	@$(call SQLITE3.xJS.ESM-EXPORT-DEFAULT,1)
 	$(maybe-wasm-strip) $(speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm)
+	chmod -x $(speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm)
 	ls -la $@ $(speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm)
 
-#speedtest1: $(speedtest1-wasmfs.js)
-wasmfs: $(speedtest1-wasmfs.js)
-CLEAN_FILES += $(speedtest1-wasmfs.js) $(speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm) \
-     $(subst .js,.worker.js,$(speedtest1-wasmfs.js))
+wasmfs: $(speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs)
+CLEAN_FILES += $(speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs) $(speedtest1-wasmfs.wasm) \
+     $(subst .js,.worker.js,$(speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs))
 # end speedtest1.js
 ########################################################################
diff --git a/sqlite/main.mk b/sqlite/main.mk
index 628f3d16..fdfdb752 100644
--- a/sqlite/main.mk
+++ b/sqlite/main.mk
@@ -566,6 +566,12 @@ srcck1$(EXE):	$(TOP)/tool/srcck1.c
 sourcetest:	srcck1$(EXE) sqlite3.c
 	./srcck1 sqlite3.c
 
+src-verify:	$(TOP)/tool/src-verify.c
+	$(BCC) -o src-verify$(EXE) $(TOP)/tool/src-verify.c
+
+verify-source:	./src-verify
+	./src-verify $(TOP)
+
 fuzzershell$(EXE):	$(TOP)/tool/fuzzershell.c sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
 	$(TCCX) -o fuzzershell$(EXE) -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
 	  $(FUZZERSHELL_OPT) $(TOP)/tool/fuzzershell.c sqlite3.c \
@@ -591,7 +597,17 @@ dbfuzz2$(EXE):	$(TOP)/test/dbfuzz2.c sqlite3.c sqlite3.h
 	  $(DBFUZZ2_OPTS) $(TOP)/test/dbfuzz2.c sqlite3.c  $(TLIBS) $(THREADLIB)
 
 fuzzcheck$(EXE):	$(FUZZSRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h $(FUZZDEP)
-	$(TCCX) -o fuzzcheck$(EXE) -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
+	$(TCCX) -o $@ -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
+		-DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) -DSQLITE_OSS_FUZZ \
+		$(FUZZSRC) sqlite3.c $(TLIBS) $(THREADLIB)
+
+fuzzcheck-asan$(EXE):	$(FUZZSRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h $(FUZZDEP)
+	$(TCCX) -fsanitize=address -o $W -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
+		-DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) -DSQLITE_OSS_FUZZ \
+		$(FUZZSRC) sqlite3.c $(TLIBS) $(THREADLIB)
+
+fuzzcheck-ubsan$(EXE):	$(FUZZSRC) sqlite3.c sqlite3.h $(FUZZDEP)
+	$(TCCX) -fsanitize=undefined -o $@ -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION \
 		-DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 $(FUZZCHECK_OPT) -DSQLITE_OSS_FUZZ \
 		$(FUZZSRC) sqlite3.c $(TLIBS) $(THREADLIB)
 
@@ -638,7 +654,7 @@ target_source:	$(SRC) $(TOP)/tool/vdbe-compress.tcl fts5.c
 	cp fts5.c fts5.h tsrc
 	touch target_source
 
-sqlite3.c:	target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
+sqlite3.c:	target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl src-verify
 	tclsh $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
 	cp tsrc/sqlite3ext.h .
 	cp $(TOP)/ext/session/sqlite3session.h .
@@ -650,7 +666,7 @@ sqlite3.c:	target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
 sqlite3ext.h:	target_source
 	cp tsrc/sqlite3ext.h .
 
-sqlite3.c-debug:	target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
+sqlite3.c-debug:	target_source $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl src-verify
 	tclsh $(TOP)/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl --linemacros=1
 	echo '#ifndef USE_SYSTEM_SQLITE' >tclsqlite3.c
 	cat sqlite3.c >>tclsqlite3.c
@@ -740,6 +756,7 @@ SHELL_SRC = \
 	$(TOP)/ext/expert/sqlite3expert.h \
 	$(TOP)/ext/misc/zipfile.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/misc/memtrace.c \
+	$(TOP)/ext/misc/pcachetrace.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/recover/dbdata.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c \
 	$(TOP)/ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h \
@@ -910,11 +927,11 @@ fulltestonly:	$(TESTPROGS) fuzztest
 queryplantest:	testfixture$(EXE) sqlite3$(EXE)
 	./testfixture$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/permutations.test queryplanner $(TESTOPTS)
 
-fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
+fuzztest:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE)
 	./fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA)
 	./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
 
-valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE) $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
+valgrindfuzz:	fuzzcheck$(EXE) $(FUZZDATA) sessionfuzz$(EXE)
 	valgrind ./fuzzcheck$(EXE) --cell-size-check --limit-mem 10M $(FUZZDATA)
 	valgrind ./sessionfuzz run $(TOP)/test/sessionfuzz-data1.db
 
@@ -933,6 +950,9 @@ testrunner:	testfixture$(EXE)
 #
 devtest:	testfixture$(EXE) fuzztest testrunner
 
+mdevtest:
+	tclsh $(TOP)/test/testrunner.tcl mdevtest
+
 # A very quick test using only testfixture and omitting all the slower
 # tests.  Designed to run in under 3 minutes on a workstation.
 #
@@ -1117,3 +1137,4 @@ clean:
 	rm -f fts5.* fts5parse.*
 	rm -f lsm.h lsm1.c
 	rm -f threadtest5
+	rm -f src-verify
diff --git a/sqlite/manifest b/sqlite/manifest
index 515248a6..603321be 100644
--- a/sqlite/manifest
+++ b/sqlite/manifest
@@ -1,28 +1,28 @@
-C Version\s3.42.0
-D 2023-05-16T12:36:15.536
+C Version\s3.44.0
+D 2023-11-01T11:23:50.173
 F .fossil-settings/empty-dirs dbb81e8fc0401ac46a1491ab34a7f2c7c0452f2f06b54ebb845d024ca8283ef1
 F .fossil-settings/ignore-glob 35175cdfcf539b2318cb04a9901442804be81cd677d8b889fcc9149c21f239ea
 F LICENSE.md df5091916dbb40e6e9686186587125e1b2ff51f022cc334e886c19a0e9982724
-F Makefile.in 764f2e3e8fb4ae1c8dfe03e65b2b3b01bd1fc57edf78ec2cab3a1301e90e1905
-F Makefile.linux-gcc f609543700659711fbd230eced1f01353117621dccae7b9fb70daa64236c5241
-F Makefile.msc ce7bea7931e1ef96b0f44c0362074a8bb62e61a0e7cfdb05afebd928adaacc2b
-F README.md e05bd8fcb45da04ab045c37f79a98654e8aa3b3b8f302cfbba80a0d510df75f7
-F VERSION 17f95ae2fdf21f0e9575eb0b0511ea63f15d71dfff431b21c2b4adbfa70cfbbf
+F Makefile.in 8b59912fc1538f96a08555605c5886cdcc733696ae7f22e374b2a4752196ca20
+F Makefile.linux-gcc f3842a0b1efbfbb74ac0ef60e56b301836d05b4d867d014f714fa750048f1ab6
+F Makefile.msc f0cf219350d9af4fba411b4f6306dce2adc897484e8f446de1fb4f40de674d00
+F README.md 963d30019abf0cc06b263cd2824bce022893f3f93a531758f6f04ff2194a16a8
+F VERSION 4c09b629c03b8ae32317cb336a32f3aa3252841d6dcd51184cecc4278d08f21e
 F aclocal.m4 a5c22d164aff7ed549d53a90fa56d56955281f50
 F art/sqlite370.eps aa97a671332b432a54e1d74ff5e8775be34200c2
 F art/sqlite370.ico af56c1d00fee7cd4753e8631ed60703ed0fc6e90
 F art/sqlite370.jpg d512473dae7e378a67e28ff96a34da7cb331def2
 F autoconf/INSTALL 83e4a25da9fd053c7b3665eaaaf7919707915903
-F autoconf/Makefile.am a8d1d24affe52ebf8d7ddcf91aa973fa0316618ab95bb68c87cabf8faf527dc8
+F autoconf/Makefile.am adedc1324b6a87fdd1265ddd336d2fb7d4f36a0e77b86ea553ae7cc4ea239347
 F autoconf/Makefile.fallback 22fe523eb36dfce31e0f6349f782eb084e86a5620b2b0b4f84a2d6133f53f5ac
-F autoconf/Makefile.msc 20366d19fbfc3fceecce95344a2114069eaab4fc22e4f02430da167a1e2ddf04
+F autoconf/Makefile.msc 34f8c222846db1b354720c8a78a4fa7dec9176ea447c0fffdf442b7f74e8b1df
 F autoconf/README.first 6c4f34fe115ff55d4e8dbfa3cecf04a0188292f7
 F autoconf/README.txt 42cfd21d0b19dc7d5d85fb5c405c5f3c6a4c923021c39128f6ba685355d8fd56
 F autoconf/configure.ac ec7fa914c5e74ff212fe879f9bb6918e1234497e05facfb641f30c4d5893b277
 F autoconf/tea/Makefile.in 106a96f2f745d41a0f6193f1de98d7355830b65d45032c18cd7c90295ec24196
 F autoconf/tea/README 3e9a3c060f29a44344ab50aec506f4db903fb873
 F autoconf/tea/aclocal.m4 52c47aac44ce0ddb1f918b6993e8beb8eee88f43
-F autoconf/tea/configure.ac e6a7f2abf7a94b5dae00713ad6b3bebc59b878e2705607589830792c61d2ca38
+F autoconf/tea/configure.ac 1ee185f2f8c2e9bed69d0113222724202f962d04eafd57197e65c662d2d9b180
 F autoconf/tea/doc/sqlite3.n e1fe45d4f5286ee3d0ccc877aca2a0def488e9bb
 F autoconf/tea/license.terms 13bd403c9610fd2b76ece0ab50c4c5eda933d523
 F autoconf/tea/pkgIndex.tcl.in b9eb6dd37f64e08e637d576b3c83259814b9cddd78bec4af2e5abfc6c5c750ce
@@ -33,13 +33,15 @@ F autoconf/tea/win/nmakehlp.c b01f822eabbe1ed2b64e70882d97d48402b42d2689a1ea0034
 F autoconf/tea/win/rules.vc c511f222b80064096b705dbeb97060ee1d6b6d63
 F config.guess 883205ddf25b46f10c181818bf42c09da9888884af96f79e1719264345053bd6
 F config.sub c2d0260f17f3e4bc0b6808fccf1b291cb5e9126c14fc5890efc77b9fd0175559
-F configure 2f2c090e0a1d051bb53741f0c961f5ebb24507a4f599d686ad6d7ff236144609 x
-F configure.ac 4654d32ac0a0d0b48f1e1e79bdc3d777b723cf2f63c33eb1d7c4ed8b435938e8
+F configure 1d9cbcb416cb5387b3f750ae6db63cfedb703a2e46bf8ca61daecff31d208252 x
+F configure.ac de31fea7d975bb7ebafbe0e2190a855cc80d48558bf0c9a6578a1836daf1cd3a
 F contrib/sqlitecon.tcl 210a913ad63f9f991070821e599d600bd913e0ad
 F doc/F2FS.txt c1d4a0ae9711cfe0e1d8b019d154f1c29e0d3abfe820787ba1e9ed7691160fcd
+F doc/compile-for-windows.md 922ba580d210a1f1bd3ef9d0413121556f9b5714fb5c01e664d980f85fa4ac8c
 F doc/json-enhancements.md e356fc834781f1f1aa22ee300027a270b2c960122468499bf347bb123ce1ea4f
-F doc/lemon.html d2862dbef72496e87f7996f37e814b146848190a742c12161d13fd15346051b0
+F doc/lemon.html 44a53a1d2b42d7751f7b2f478efb23c978e258d794bfd172442307a755b9fa44
 F doc/pager-invariants.txt 27fed9a70ddad2088750c4a2b493b63853da2710
+F doc/testrunner.md 2434864be2219d4f0b6ffc99d0a2172d531c4ca4345340776f67ad4edd90dc90
 F doc/trusted-schema.md 33625008620e879c7bcfbbfa079587612c434fa094d338b08242288d358c3e8a
 F doc/vdbesort-memory.md 4da2639c14cd24a31e0af694b1a8dd37eaf277aff3867e9a8cc14046bc49df56
 F doc/vfs-shm.txt e101f27ea02a8387ce46a05be2b1a902a021d37a
@@ -50,33 +52,33 @@ F ext/async/sqlite3async.c 6f247666b495c477628dd19364d279c78ea48cd90c72d9f9b98ad
 F ext/async/sqlite3async.h 46b47c79357b97ad85d20d2795942c0020dc20c532114a49808287f04aa5309a
 F ext/expert/README.md b321c2762bb93c18ea102d5a5f7753a4b8bac646cb392b3b437f633caf2020c3
 F ext/expert/expert.c d548d603a4cc9e61f446cc179c120c6713511c413f82a4a32b1e1e69d3f086a4
-F ext/expert/expert1.test 95b00567ce0775126a1b788af2d055255014714ecfddc97913864d2f9266e583
-F ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c a912efbad597eafdb0ce934ebc11039f3190b2d479685d89184e107f65d856e1
+F ext/expert/expert1.test 0dd5cb096d66bed593e33053a3b364f6ef52ed72064bf5cf298364636dbf3cd6
+F ext/expert/sqlite3expert.c 90446bb1183429308c68ceb23e00cb8252f43b8886cf5efa3fc7e833b5fa24c8
 F ext/expert/sqlite3expert.h ca81efc2679a92373a13a3e76a6138d0310e32be53d6c3bfaedabd158ea8969b
 F ext/expert/test_expert.c d56c194b769bdc90cf829a14c9ecbc1edca9c850b837a4d0b13be14095c32a72
 F ext/fts3/README.content b9078d0843a094d86af0d48dffbff13c906702b4c3558012e67b9c7cc3bf59ee
 F ext/fts3/README.syntax a19711dc5458c20734b8e485e75fb1981ec2427a
 F ext/fts3/README.tokenizers b92bdeb8b46503f0dd301d364efc5ef59ef9fa8e2758b8e742f39fa93a2e422d
 F ext/fts3/README.txt 8c18f41574404623b76917b9da66fcb0ab38328d
-F ext/fts3/fts3.c 66d2ced306ac88c39c00d81184f2c60f338696af6ae8cc26ed7c361b157b09f7
+F ext/fts3/fts3.c d01dfb641fc04efeeadcb94d7a8342eb07d71c1a3a3852ec8ab5e64c1fcdfff9
 F ext/fts3/fts3.h 3a10a0af180d502cecc50df77b1b22df142817fe
-F ext/fts3/fts3Int.h e573c6d881f7238d77cc3fd2396cbb9b2fe13efef7d2ad295a155151c4e7efbd
-F ext/fts3/fts3_aux.c f0dc9bd98582615b7750218899bd0c729879b6bbf94d1be57ca1833ff49afc6f
+F ext/fts3/fts3Int.h be688580701d41340de73384e3acc8c55be12a438583207444bd5e20f9ef426c
+F ext/fts3/fts3_aux.c 7eab82a9cf0830f6551ba3abfdbe73ed39e322a4d3940ee82fbf723674ecd9f3
 F ext/fts3/fts3_expr.c 903bfb9433109fffb10e910d7066c49cbf8eeae316adc93f0499c4da7dfc932a
 F ext/fts3/fts3_hash.c 8b6e31bfb0844c27dc6092c2620bdb1fca17ed613072db057d96952c6bdb48b7
 F ext/fts3/fts3_hash.h 39cf6874dc239d6b4e30479b1975fe5b22a3caaf
 F ext/fts3/fts3_icu.c 305ce7fb6036484085b5556a9c8e62acdc7763f0f4cdf5fd538212a9f3720116
 F ext/fts3/fts3_porter.c e19807ce0ae31c1c6e9898e89ecc93183d7ec224ea101af039722a4f49e5f2b8
 F ext/fts3/fts3_snippet.c 4d6523e3eddeb7b46e7a82b3476a0a86a0c04821e0e2b8dd40f45ee28057cb13
-F ext/fts3/fts3_term.c f45a1e7c6ef464abb1231245d123dae12266b69e05cc56e14045b76591ae92d1
+F ext/fts3/fts3_term.c 845f0e2456b1be42f7f1bec1da1dfc05bc347531eff90775ffc6698902c281de
 F ext/fts3/fts3_test.c d8d7b2734f894e8a489987447658e374cdd3a3bc8575c401decf1911cb7c6454
-F ext/fts3/fts3_tokenize_vtab.c a95feda3590f3c3e17672fe35b67ea6112471aeea4c07ef7744a6606b66549aa
+F ext/fts3/fts3_tokenize_vtab.c 7fd9ef364f257b97218b9c331f2378e307375c592f70fd541f714e747d944962
 F ext/fts3/fts3_tokenizer.c 6d8fc150c48238955d5182bf661498db0dd473c8a2a80e00c16994a646fa96e7
 F ext/fts3/fts3_tokenizer.h 64c6ef6c5272c51ebe60fc607a896e84288fcbc3
 F ext/fts3/fts3_tokenizer1.c c1de4ae28356ad98ccb8b2e3388a7fdcce7607b5523738c9afb6275dab765154
 F ext/fts3/fts3_unicode.c de426ff05c1c2e7bce161cf6b706638419c3a1d9c2667de9cb9dc0458c18e226
 F ext/fts3/fts3_unicode2.c 416eb7e1e81142703520d284b768ca2751d40e31fa912cae24ba74860532bf0f
-F ext/fts3/fts3_write.c 33d2d0db4dd4e7a7a7e9a7f790414293277f9e7682a2fd9d61c713bfc37cd8b6
+F ext/fts3/fts3_write.c 5bb4721330ca589f906e72bb824dd4080b313c6d4c4231fa541e9db32dc67982
 F ext/fts3/fts3speed.tcl b54caf6a18d38174f1a6e84219950d85e98bb1e9
 F ext/fts3/tool/fts3cov.sh c331d006359456cf6f8f953e37f2b9c7d568f3863f00bb5f7eb87fea4ac01b73
 F ext/fts3/tool/fts3view.c 413c346399159df81f86c4928b7c4a455caab73bfbc8cd68f950f632e5751674
@@ -85,27 +87,27 @@ F ext/fts3/unicode/UnicodeData.txt cd07314edb62d49fde34debdaf92fa2aa69011e7
 F ext/fts3/unicode/mkunicode.tcl d5aebf022fa4577ee8cdf27468f0d847879993959101f6dbd6348ef0cfc324a7
 F ext/fts3/unicode/parseunicode.tcl a981bd6466d12dd17967515801c3ff23f74a281be1a03cf1e6f52a6959fc77eb
 F ext/fts5/extract_api_docs.tcl a36e54ec777172ddd3f9a88daf593b00848368e0
-F ext/fts5/fts5.h c132a9323f22a972c4c93a8d5a3d901113a6e612faf30ca8e695788438c5ca2a
-F ext/fts5/fts5Int.h ed48a096418ff4a7c02ac9bd1e8d40c46de21b79a132b8b08d3f32233703de7d
-F ext/fts5/fts5_aux.c 572d5ec92ba7301df2fea3258576332f2f4d2dfd66d8263afd157d9deceac480
+F ext/fts5/fts5.h 05501612cc655504c5dce8ba765ab621d50fc478490089beaa0d75e00b23e520
+F ext/fts5/fts5Int.h 78a63cc0795186cde5384816a9403a68c65774b35d952e05b81a1b4b158e07c8
+F ext/fts5/fts5_aux.c 35c4101613eff86902877a4dedd9400b07922e412cbdd637b45041dce2fd5388
 F ext/fts5/fts5_buffer.c 3001fbabb585d6de52947b44b455235072b741038391f830d6b729225eeaf6a5
-F ext/fts5/fts5_config.c 051056a9052f5d3a4d1c695f996fd364f920e341f136c60ab2c04aa7e267113f
-F ext/fts5/fts5_expr.c 58fb8ceddfb1cefcd54510f9f2f33c220ef9d1b3fa77462111f5ae2a825ab7b1
-F ext/fts5/fts5_hash.c d4fb70940359f2120ccd1de7ffe64cc3efe65de9e8995b822cd536ff64c96982
-F ext/fts5/fts5_index.c de3cdae2e0056594aad97a728be5c43b6d7a6cdc7e9cc16f197892b2d8689c21
-F ext/fts5/fts5_main.c b4dba04a36aaf9b8e8cef0100b6dbb422cc74753eacc11d6401cac7a87c0f38d
-F ext/fts5/fts5_storage.c 76c6085239eb44424004c022e9da17a5ecd5aaec859fba90ad47d3b08f4c8082
+F ext/fts5/fts5_config.c 054359543566cbff1ba65a188330660a5457299513ac71c53b3a07d934c7b081
+F ext/fts5/fts5_expr.c bd3b81ce669c4104e34ffe66570af1999a317b142c15fccb112de9fb0caa57a6
+F ext/fts5/fts5_hash.c 65e7707bc8774706574346d18c20218facf87de3599b995963c3e6d6809f203d
+F ext/fts5/fts5_index.c 730c9c32ada18ce1eb7ff847b36507f4b005d88d47af7b47db521e695a8ea4c7
+F ext/fts5/fts5_main.c a07ed863b8bd9e6fefb62db2fd40a3518eb30a5f7dcfda5be915dd2db45efa2f
+F ext/fts5/fts5_storage.c 5d10b9bdcce5b90656cad13c7d12ad4148677d4b9e3fca0481fca56d6601426d
 F ext/fts5/fts5_tcl.c b1445cbe69908c411df8084a10b2485500ac70a9c747cdc8cda175a3da59d8ae
 F ext/fts5/fts5_test_mi.c 08c11ec968148d4cb4119d96d819f8c1f329812c568bac3684f5464be177d3ee
-F ext/fts5/fts5_test_tok.c a2bed8edb25f6432e8cdb62aad5916935c19dba8dac2b8324950cfff397e25ff
+F ext/fts5/fts5_test_tok.c 3cb0a9b508b30d17ef025ccddd26ae3dc8ddffbe76c057616e59a9aa85d36f3b
 F ext/fts5/fts5_tokenize.c 5e251efb0f1af99a25ed50010ba6b1ad1250aca5921af1988fdcabe5ebc3cb43
 F ext/fts5/fts5_unicode2.c eca63dbc797f8ff0572e97caf4631389c0ab900d6364861b915bdd4735973f00
 F ext/fts5/fts5_varint.c e64d2113f6e1bfee0032972cffc1207b77af63319746951bf1d09885d1dadf80
-F ext/fts5/fts5_vocab.c 12138e84616b56218532e3e8feb1d3e0e7ae845e33408dbe911df520424dc9d6
+F ext/fts5/fts5_vocab.c aed56169ae5c1aa9b8189c779ffeef04ed516d3c712c06914e6d91a6759f4e4a
 F ext/fts5/fts5parse.y eb526940f892ade5693f22ffd6c4f2702543a9059942772526eac1fde256bb05
 F ext/fts5/mkportersteps.tcl 5acf962d2e0074f701620bb5308155fa1e4a63ba
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5_common.tcl a9de9c2209cc4e7ae3c753e783504e67206c6c1467d08f209cd0c5923d3e8d8b
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5aa.test 5bd43427b7d08ce2e19c488a26534be450538b9232d4d5305049e8de236e9aa9
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5aa.test ba5158eba7d61359becdfca895ef471072c7bf7b20e5e60dcb4d024c8419c926
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5ab.test bd932720c748383277456b81f91bc00453de2174f9762cd05f95d0495dc50390
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5ac.test a7aa7e1fefc6e1918aa4d3111d5c44a09177168e962c5fd2cca9620de8a7ed6d
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5ad.test e8cf959dfcd57c8e46d6f5f25665686f3b6627130a9a981371dafdf6482790de
@@ -119,8 +121,9 @@ F ext/fts5/test/fts5ak.test f459a64c9d38698af72a7c657ab6349bca96150241dd69fcce75
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5al.test 00c4c1c6a1366b73aa48ce2068c634520867c3cf7f5d1676ebbb775ee1f35734
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5alter.test 5565f7e4605512b69171ac18ca84398603f9f6456dbe377beeca97e83cc242cd
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5auto.test 78989e6527ce69c9eddbef7392fea5c10b0010cd2b2ae68eec7bc869c471e691
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5aux.test ebf6f2ff7cb556e83f66991b7f12bff016d3c83d4eab36704b649dd6b1437318
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5aux.test 3f194345fcd581f49f7fbb2e5495400efcc7d2835b77816328d8283c942f41b8
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5auxdata.test eacc97ff04892f1a5f3d4df5a73f8bcbc3955ea1d12c9f24137eb1fc079e7611
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5bigid.test 2860854c2561a57594192b00c33a29f91cb85e25f3d6c03b5c2b8f62708f39dd
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5bigpl.test 6466c89b38439f0aba26ac09e232a6b963f29b1cbe1304f6a664fe1e7a8f5fd3
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5bigtok.test 541119e616c637caea925a8c028c37c2c29e94383e00aa2f9198d530724b6e36
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5cat.test daba0b80659460b0cb60bd1f40b402478a761fe7ea414c3c94c2be25568cc33a
@@ -128,23 +131,28 @@ F ext/fts5/test/fts5circref.test f880dfd0d99f6fb73b88ccacb0927d18e833672fd906cc4
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5colset.test 7031ce84fb4d312df5a99fc4e7b324e660ccb513c97eccdef469bfd52d3d0f8f
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5columnsize.test 45459ce4dd9fd853b6044cdc9674921bff89e3d840f348ca8c1630f9edbf5482
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5config.test 60094712debc59286c59aef0e6cf511c37d866802776a825ce437d26afe0817f
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5conflict.test 655925678e630d3cdf145d18725a558971806416f453ac8410ca8c04d934238d
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5conflict.test bf6030a77dbb1bedfcc42e589ed7980846c995765d77460551e448b56d741244
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5connect.test 08030168fc96fc278fa81f28654fb7e90566f33aff269c073e19b3ae9126b2f4
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5content.test 213506436fb2c87567b8e31f6d43ab30aab99354cec74ed679f22aad0cdbf283
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt.test 77ae6f41a7eba10620efb921cf7dbe218b0ef232b04519deb43581cb17a57ebe
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt2.test 7453752ba12ce91690c469a6449d412561cc604b1dec994e16ab132952e7805f
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5content.test 219a4e49386b9b197b9b7cadca97ea10ddff858ecd8b763a1cb8bb07575afc2a
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless.test 1cd1237894eeff11feb1ff8180044eac0b17dde22c181f7a722f2dcbfdb3377c
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless2.test 14c83bdacf8230f5f7ca74ecf2926b87d8a7cb788a69ce9937020428ac4fe192
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless3.test 353d871c5ea08992aed3e2ebda0b1bdc35116cd24fe330fe7cf05be1e2b49fd7
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless4.test dd33ead36b048c9447b81ec358bd4a27166c49ffaac65a54e95eabf59f338947
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5contentless5.test 96041cbf5ef781a68a5d0f0d18a88030c47a52b156b17876ed6ce36e80e27a7e
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt.test b6d4034b682bb3387bc44c510c71b3c67d4349e4df139490fc0b69e6a972b99f
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt2.test 99e7e23a58b4d89eb7167c6de1669cbc595cd3c79ab333e0eb56405473319e77
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt3.test 7da9895dafa404efd20728f66ff4b94399788bdc042c36fe2689801bba2ccd78
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt4.test f4c08e2182a48d8b70975fd869ee5391855c06d8a0ff87b6a2529e7c5a88a1d3
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt5.test 550d0884c14424f9acad051a741f1dd99ec9342277d938e91ff3daf9123d1209
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt5.test eb6ba5ca28ef7c4c6b01e850d388cdb3dacc8c4c2f383f79d0a98128257742b4
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt6.test bf8eeae07825b088b9665d9d8e4accbd8dc9bf3cb85b6c64cf6c9e18ccc420a4
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt7.test f3e68673af2514e31dd67a2ed163f7f597252ab683dec155b8db0cdc0b668342
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5corrupt7.test 80ad7f683a8bda2404731bb77e8c3dbbb620c1f6cc583cca8239f6accd6338c0
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5delete.test 619295b20dbc1d840b403ee07c878f52378849c3c02e44f2ee143b3e978a0aa7
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5detail.test 54015e9c43ec4ba542cfb93268abdf280e0300f350efd08ee411284b03595cc4
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5determin.test 1b77879b2ae818b5b71c859e534ee334dac088b7cf3ff3bf76a2c82b1c788d11
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5dlidx.test b90852c55881b29dbac6380b274de27beae623ac4b6d567c6c8fb9cdc315a86e
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5doclist.test faa9e9cc3c0645fa6203667cb5f007c359447c6ee66753f71a58175c2497cacd
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5ea.test b01e3a18cdfabbff8104a96a5242a06a68a998a0
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5eb.test a973baadac524dbbb4ad9b0e99030e12cabde2c6b28e0ac437298007b642cd12
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5eb.test 5f0a86e9fe4715912e6bfa556368aae96d13c61a481373f24daa40429d5d5ca1
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5fault1.test d28a65caee75db6897c3cf1358c5230d3bb2a3bf7fb31062c19c7e5382b3d2bd
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5fault2.test 69c8fdbef830cd0d450908d4504d5bb86609e255af99c421c20a0756251fe344
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5fault3.test da2f9e3e56ff5740d68ebdd6877c97089e7ed28ddff28a0da87a6afea27e5522
@@ -158,11 +166,13 @@ F ext/fts5/test/fts5faultA.test be4487576bff8c22cee6597d1893b312f306504a8c6ccd3c
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5faultB.test d606bdb8e81aaeb6f41de3fc9fc7ae315733f0903fbff05cf54f5b045b729ab5
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5faultD.test e7ed7895abfe6bc98a5e853826f6b74956e7ba7f594f1860bbf9e504b9647996
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5faultE.test 844586ce71dab4be85bb86880e87b624d089f851654cd22e4710c77eb8ce7075
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5faultF.test 4abef99f86e99d9f0c6460dd68c586a766b6b9f1f660ada55bf2e8266bd1bbc1
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5faultG.test 340e59d2c2c1c7c379224f3968ee8d09b0f64bf56c5194217d1ded887b9d47c4
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5first.test 3fcf2365c00a15fc9704233674789a3b95131d12de18a9b996159f6909dc8079
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5full.test e1701a112354e0ff9a1fdffb0c940c576530c33732ee20ac5e8361777070d717
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5fuzz1.test 238d8c45f3b81342aa384de3e581ff2fa330bf922a7b69e484bbc06051a1080e
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5hash.test dc7bc7e0cdeb42cfce31294ad2f8fcf43192bfd0145bb7f3ecc5465d8c72696f
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5integrity.test 62147a1e85405b986691177e0312be5a64ec9e67b17994e83892d9afa6247600
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5integrity.test 0d249d351163e17e2227aa9850e68193f88a7813d16cc7d51287e554bf915b3d
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5interrupt.test 09613247b273a99889808ef852898177e671406fe71fdde7ea00e78ea283d227
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5lastrowid.test be98fe3e03235296585b72daad7aed5717ba0062bae5e5c18dd6e04e194c6b28
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5leftjoin.test c0b4cafb9661379e576dc4405c0891d8fcc2782680740513c4d1fc114b43d4ad
@@ -170,13 +180,14 @@ F ext/fts5/test/fts5limits.test 8ab67cf5d311c124b6ceb0062d0297767176df4572d955fc
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5matchinfo.test 10c9a6f7fe61fb132299c4183c012770b10c4d5c2f2edb6df0b6607f683d737a
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5merge.test e92a8db28b45931e7a9c7b1bbd36101692759d00274df74d83fd29d25d53b3a6
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5merge2.test 3ebad1a59d6ad3fb66eff6523a09e95dc6367cbefb3cd73196801dea0425c8e2
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5misc.test 416ec0ffbc79320a0760ec32d6684866e3ccd3fbce09f9bcd62d9aee4c666b43
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5misc.test 5ca82f2a5ee016b0842043155d1382f98a34d0d86b2791165a44d7807f6e0f54
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5multi.test a15bc91cdb717492e6e1b66fec1c356cb57386b980c7ba5af1915f97fe878581
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5multiclient.test 5ff811c028d6108045ffef737f1e9f05028af2458e456c0937c1d1b8dea56d45
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5near.test 211477940142d733ac04fad97cb24095513ab2507073a99c2765c3ddd2ef58bd
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5onepass.test f9b7d9b2c334900c6542a869760290e2ab5382af8fbd618834bf1fcc3e7b84da
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize.test 36a752d24c818792032e4ff502936fc9cc5ef938721696396fdc79214b2717f1
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize2.test c7c97693abe8a2cb572acfb1f252d78f03d3984094cfc5eb2285a76d8a702a92
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize2.test 93e742c36b487d8874621360af5b1ce4d39b04fb9e71ce9bc34015c5fc811785
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5optimize3.test bf9c91bb927d0fb2b9a06318a217a0419183ac5913842e062c7e0b98ea5d0fca
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5phrase.test 13e5d8e9083077b3d9c74315b3c92ec723cc6eb37c8155e0bfe1bba00559f07b
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5plan.test b65cfcca9ddd6fdaa118c61e17aeec8e8433bc5b6bb307abd116514f79c49c5a
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5porter.test 8d08010c28527db66bc3feebd2b8767504aaeb9b101a986342fa7833d49d0d15
@@ -184,27 +195,28 @@ F ext/fts5/test/fts5porter2.test 0d251a673f02fa13ca7f011654873b3add20745f7402f10
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5prefix.test a0fa67b06650f2deaa7bf27745899d94e0fb547ad9ecbd08bfad98c04912c056
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5prefix2.test 3847ce46f70b82d61c6095103a9d7c53f2952c40a4704157bc079c04d9c8b18b
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5query.test ac363b17a442620bb0780e93c24f16a5f963dfe2f23dc85647b869efcfada728
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5rank.test c9fd4a1e36b4fa92d572ec13d846469b97da249d1c2f7fd3ee7e017ce46f2416
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5rank.test 30f29e278cd7fb8831ba4f082feb74d8eb90c463bf07113ae200afc2b467ef32
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5rebuild.test 55d6f17715cddbf825680dd6551efbc72ed916d8cf1cde40a46fc5d785b451e7
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5restart.test 835ecc8f449e3919f72509ab58056d0cedca40d1fe04108ccf8ac4c2ba41f415
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5rowid.test b8790ec170a8dc1942a15aef3db926a5f3061b1ff171013003d8297203a20ad6
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5savepoint.test fc02929f238d02a22df4172625704e029f7c1e0e92e332d654375690f8e6e43f
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure.test 214a561519d1b1817f146efd1057e2a97cc896e75c2accc77157d874154bda64
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5savepoint.test 050796b24929325cdbbb2fbfe2794816ae95d298e940ae15032200c2f4a73725
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure.test a02f771742fb2b1b9bdcb4bf523bcf2d0aa1ff597831d40fe3e72aaa6d0ec40f
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure2.test 2e961d7eef939f294c56b5d895cac7f1c3a60b934ee2cfd5e5e620bdf1ba6bbc
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure3.test c7e1080a6912f2a3ac68f2e05b88b72a99de38543509b2bbf427cac5c9c1c610
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure4.test 0d10a80590c07891478700af7793b232962042677432b9846cf7fc8337b67c97
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure5.test c07a68ced5951567ac116c22f2d2aafae497e47fe9fcb6a335c22f9c7a4f2c3a
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure6.test 7a959d834be6725c641b3c3b38ef86570ea671216ad803e054e4fdff33a72ce2
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure6.test 74bf04733cc523bccca519bb03d3b4e2ed6f6e3db7c59bf6be82c88a0ac857fd
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5secure7.test fd03d0868d64340a1db8615b02e5508fea409de13910114e4f19eaefc120777a
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5securefault.test dbca2b6a1c16700017f5051138991b705410889933f2a37c57ae8a23b296b10b
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5simple.test a298670508c1458b88ce6030440f26a30673931884eb5f4094ac1773b3ba217b
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5simple2.test 258a1b0c590409bfa5271e872c79572b319d2a56554d0585f68f146a0da603f0
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5simple3.test d5c74a9d3ca71bd5dd5cacb7c55b86ea12cdddfc8b1910e3de2995206898380f
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym.test 1651815b8008de170e8e600dcacc17521d765482ea8f074ae82cfa870d8bb7fb
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym2.test b54cce5c34ec08ed616f646635538ae82e34a0e28f947ec60b6fadbc4b3fb17a
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5synonym2.test 8f891fc49cc1e8daed727051e77e1f42849c784a6a54bef82564761b2cb3e016
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5tok1.test 1f7817499f5971450d8c4a652114b3d833393c8134e32422d0af27884ffe9cef
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5tok2.test dcacb32d4a2a3f0dd3215d4a3987f78ae4be21a2
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5tokenizer.test ac3c9112b263a639fb0508ae73a3ee886bf4866d2153771a8e8a20c721305a43
-F ext/fts5/test/fts5trigram.test c76acc1913a06182e791a0dfdae285b9cdd67327a1a35b34cabf0a6aa09cf05e
+F ext/fts5/test/fts5trigram.test 6c4e37864f3e7d90673db5563d9736d7e40080ab94d10ebdffa94c1b77941da0
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5ubsan.test 783d5a8d13ebfa169e634940228db54540780e3ba7a87ad1e4510e61440bf64b
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5umlaut.test a42fe2fe6387c40c49ab27ccbd070e1ae38e07f38d05926482cc0bccac9ad602
 F ext/fts5/test/fts5unicode.test 17056f4efe6b0a5d4f41fdf7a7dc9af2873004562eaa899d40633b93dc95f5a9
@@ -224,6 +236,71 @@ F ext/fts5/tool/showfts5.tcl d54da0e067306663e2d5d523965ca487698e722c
 F ext/icu/README.txt 7ab7ced8ae78e3a645b57e78570ff589d4c672b71370f5aa9e1cd7024f400fc9
 F ext/icu/icu.c c074519b46baa484bb5396c7e01e051034da8884bad1a1cb7f09bbe6be3f0282
 F ext/icu/sqliteicu.h fa373836ed5a1ee7478bdf8a1650689294e41d0c89c1daab26e9ae78a32075a8
+F ext/jni/GNUmakefile 5c3ac326bf3853486ebe0d70819abc790cc65c412182ce4ebd5012b008d9b059
+F ext/jni/README.md ef9ac115e97704ea995d743b4a8334e23c659e5534c3b64065a5405256d5f2f4
+F ext/jni/jar-dist.make 030aaa4ae71dd86e4ec5e7c1e6cd86f9dfa47c4592c070d2e35157e42498e1fa
+F ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.c 6f6df9657989e9ca2cfdcc2fe9a71c279de56d5c941adfd09a0f24256de35c8f
+F ext/jni/src/c/sqlite3-jni.h b4c413a0d0c734683da1049cfcf89e35ae2719759d0656ec0f8c57188f18cab8
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/NotNull.java a99341e88154e70447596b1af6a27c586317df41a7e0f246fd41370cd7b723b2
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/Nullable.java 0b1879852707f752512d4db9d7edd0d8db2f0c2612316ce1c832715e012ff6ba
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/annotation/package-info.java 977b374aed9d5853cbf3438ba3b0940abfa2ea4574f702a2448ee143b98ac3ca
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AbstractCollationCallback.java 1afa90d3f236f79cc7fcd2497e111992644f7596fbc8e8bcf7f1908ae00acd6c
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AggregateFunction.java bc29e986c866c2ddbbb9f935f5b7264c1c1026864e50a4a735192864f75e37c0
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AuthorizerCallback.java 7ed409d5449684616cc924534e22ff6b07d361f12ad904b69ecb10e0568a8013
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/AutoExtensionCallback.java 74cc4998a73d6563542ecb90804a3c4f4e828cb4bd69e61226d1a51f4646e759
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/BusyHandlerCallback.java 7b8e19810c42b0ad21a04b5d8c804b32ee5905d137148703f16a75b612c380ca
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CApi.java bccb442ca81cd4decb1adae99006a60b7a9f54e5153842e738c01104e97d1de0
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CallbackProxy.java 0bfd6e56e8265c2f05c9207665707285534d78f8466ef0e0430c65677f00943d
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationCallback.java e29bcfc540fdd343e2f5cca4d27235113f2886acb13380686756d5cabdfd065a
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CollationNeededCallback.java f81cf10b79c52f9b2e9247d523d29ae48863935f60420eae35f257c38c80ce95
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/CommitHookCallback.java 29c002f3c638cc80f7db1594564a262d1beb32637824c3dca2d60a224d1f71d7
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigLogCallback.java b995ca412f59b631803b93aa5b3684fce62e335d1e123207084c054abfd488d4
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ConfigSqllogCallback.java 701f2e4d8bdeb27cfbeeb56315d15b13d8752b0fdbca705f31bd4366c58d8a33
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/NativePointerHolder.java b7036dcb1ef1b39f1f36ac605dde0ff1a24a9a01ade6aa1a605039443e089a61
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/OutputPointer.java 68f60aec7aeb5cd4e5fb83449037f668c63cb99f682ee1036cc226d0cbd909b9
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PrepareMultiCallback.java aca8f9fa72e3b6602bc9a7dd3ae9f5b2808103fbbee9b2749dc96c19cdc261a1
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/PreupdateHookCallback.java 819d938e26208adde17ca4b7ddde1d8cd6915b6ab7b708249a9787beca6bd6b6
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ProgressHandlerCallback.java 01bc0c238eed2d5f93c73522cb7849a445cc9098c2ed1e78248fa20ed1cfde5b
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ResultCode.java 8141171f1bcf9f46eef303b9d3c5dc2537a25ad1628f3638398d8a60cacefa7f
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/RollbackHookCallback.java 105e324d09c207100485e7667ad172e64322c62426bb49b547e9b0dc9c33f5f0
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLFunction.java fef556adbc3624292423083a648bdf97fa8a4f6b3b6577c9660dd7bd6a6d3c4a
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/SQLTester.java 09bee15aa0eedac68d767ae21d9a6a62a31ade59182a3ccbf036d6463d9e30b1
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ScalarFunction.java 93b9700fca4c68075ccab12fe0fbbc76c91cafc9f368e835b9bd7cd7732c8615
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TableColumnMetadata.java addf120e0e76e5be1ff2260daa7ce305ff9b5fafd64153a7a28e9d8f000a815f
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/Tester1.java ca195521b6bda3e0cd00e76bb71ec8060d1fab76a2f13b1af9feea40789f44bb
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/TraceV2Callback.java 0a25e117a0daae3394a77f24713e36d7b44c67d6e6d30e9e1d56a63442eef723
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/UpdateHookCallback.java 2766b8526bbffc4f1045f70e79f1bc1b1efe1c3e95ca06cdb8a7391032dda3b4
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/ValueHolder.java 9f9e151f1da017b706c0ee5f40f4c86b54e773d6ae4339723e0cc85a456251ab
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/WindowFunction.java caf4396f91b2567904cf94bc538a069fd62260d975bd037d15a02a890ed1ef9e
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/XDestroyCallback.java f3abb8dd7381f53ebba909437090caf68200f06717b8a7d6aa96fa3e8133117d
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/package-info.java 08ff986a65d2be9162442c82d28a65ce431d826f188520717c2ecb1484d0a50e
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3.java 4010bbebc5bf44e2044e610786088cdee7dc155da2b333c0551492ff1cedf33b
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_backup.java 6742b431cd4d77e8000c1f92ec66265a58414c86bf3b0b5fbcb1164e08477227
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_blob.java f204ab6ab1263e119fe43730141a00662d80972129a5351dfb11aae5d282df36
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_context.java f0ef982009c335c4393ffcb68051809ca1711e4f47bcb8d1d46952f22c01bc22
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_stmt.java ff579621e9bd5ffbc6b2ef9f996c12db4df6e0c8cc5697c91273e5fca279fcf8
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/capi/sqlite3_value.java e1d62a257c13504b46d39d5c21c49cf157ad73fda00cc5f34c931aa008c37049
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5.java e94681023785f1eff5399f0ddc82f46b035977d350f14838db659236ebdf6b41
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Context.java 338637e6e5a2cc385d962b220f3c1f475cc371d12ae43d18ef27327b6e6225f7
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5ExtensionApi.java 7da0fbb5728f7c056a43e6407f13dd0c7c9c445221267786a109b987f5fc8a9d
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5PhraseIter.java 28045042d593a1f1b9b80d54ec77cbf1d8a1bc95e442eceefa9a3a6f56600b0e
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/Fts5Tokenizer.java 3c8f677ffb85b8782f865d6fcbc16200b3375d0e3c29ed541a494fde3011bf49
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/TesterFts5.java eaee4d641229a098eb704b96a45c9a23c6514dc39009d3611e265bab33834deb
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/XTokenizeCallback.java 1efd1220ea328a32f2d2a1b16c735864159e929480f71daad4de9d5944839167
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_api.java a8e88c3783d21cec51b0748568a96653fead88f8f4953376178d9c7385b197ea
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_extension_function.java 9e2b954d210d572552b28aca523b272fae14bd41e318921b22f65b728d5bf978
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/fts5/fts5_tokenizer.java 92bdaa3893bd684533004d64ade23d329843f809cd0d0f4f1a2856da6e6b4d90
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/test-script-interpreter.md f9f25126127045d051e918fe59004a1485311c50a13edbf18c79a6ff9160030e
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/AggregateFunction.java 5ad99bd74c85f56bbef324d9ec29b4048f4620547c9a80093d8586c3557f9f9a
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ScalarFunction.java 43c43adfb7866098aadaaca1620028a6ec82d5193149970019b1cce9eb59fb03
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqlFunction.java 004394eeb944baa56e36cd7ae69ba6d4a52b52db3c49439db16e98270b861421
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Sqlite.java a9ddc6a9e8c113168cc67592ae24c0e56d30dd06226eeab012f2761a0889d7bb
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/SqliteException.java 1386f7b753134fc12253ce2fbbc448ba8c970567fac01a3356cb672e14408d73
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/Tester2.java c24b510ebe801c30533cc62efdf69a4a5e2da9ec4b49f8d403f2060693f060a0
+F ext/jni/src/org/sqlite/jni/wrapper1/ValueHolder.java 7b89a7391f771692c5b83b0a5b86266abe8d59f1c77d7a0eccc9b79f259d79af
+F ext/jni/src/tests/000-000-sanity.test c3427a0e0ac84d7cbe4c95fdc1cd4b61f9ddcf43443408f3000139478c4dc745
+F ext/jni/src/tests/000-001-ignored.test e17e874c6ab3c437f1293d88093cf06286083b65bf162317f91bbfd92f961b70
+F ext/jni/src/tests/900-001-fts.test bf0ce17a8d082773450e91f2388f5bbb2dfa316d0b676c313c637a91198090f0
 F ext/lsm1/Makefile a553b728bba6c11201b795188c5708915cc4290f02b7df6ba7e8c4c943fd5cd9
 F ext/lsm1/Makefile.msc f8c878b467232226de288da320e1ac71c131f5ec91e08b21f502303347260013
 F ext/lsm1/lsm-test/README 87ea529d2abe615e856d4714bfe8bb185e6c2771b8612aa6298588b7b43e6f86
@@ -264,69 +341,70 @@ F ext/lsm1/lsm_str.c 65e361b488c87b10bf3e5c0070b14ffc602cf84f094880bece77bbf6678
 F ext/lsm1/lsm_tree.c 682679d7ef2b8b6f2fe77aeb532c8d29695bca671c220b0abac77069de5fb9fb
 F ext/lsm1/lsm_unix.c 11e0a5c19d754a4e1d93dfad06de8cc201f10f886b8e61a4c599ed34e334fc24
 F ext/lsm1/lsm_varint.c fe134ad7b2db1ecd99b6a155d2f3625cfd497730e227ae18892452e457b73327
-F ext/lsm1/lsm_vtab.c e57aa3eb456bf2b98064014027e097c9402d6dec7b59564ddbfa1c0ead8f96c5
+F ext/lsm1/lsm_vtab.c 0bc7d2702150e9d5513118f23fdb5d7f3642884e6c0dde332da08b016857887a
 F ext/lsm1/lsm_win32.c 0a4acbd7e8d136dd3a5753f0a9e7a9802263a9d96cef3278cf120bcaa724db7c
 F ext/lsm1/test/lsm1_common.tcl 5ed4bab07c93be2e4f300ebe46007ecf4b3e20bc5fbe1dedaf04a8774a6d8d82
 F ext/lsm1/test/lsm1_simple.test a04d08e8661ae6fc53786c67f0bd102c6692f003e859dde03ed9ac3f12e066e5
 F ext/lsm1/tool/mklsm1c.tcl f31561bbee5349f0a554d1ad7236ac1991fc09176626f529f6078e07335398b0
 F ext/misc/README.md d6dd0fe1d8af77040216798a6a2b0c46c73054d2f0ea544fbbcdccf6f238c240
-F ext/misc/amatch.c e3ad5532799cee9a97647f483f67f43b38796b84b5a8c60594fe782a4338f358
+F ext/misc/amatch.c 5001711cbecdd57b288cb613386789f3034e5beb58fbe0c79f2b3d643ffd4e03
 F ext/misc/anycollseq.c 5ffdfde9829eeac52219136ad6aa7cd9a4edb3b15f4f2532de52f4a22525eddb
 F ext/misc/appendvfs.c 9642c7a194a2a25dca7ad3e36af24a0a46d7702168c4ad7e59c9f9b0e16a3824
 F ext/misc/base64.c a71b131e50300c654a66c469a25b62874481f3d1cb3beb56aca9a68edd812e0d
 F ext/misc/base85.c 073054111988db593ef5fdb87ab8c459df1ea0c3aaaddf0f5bfa3d72b7e6280a
 F ext/misc/basexx.c 89ad6b76558efbceb627afd5e2ef1d84b2e96d9aaf9b7ecb20e3d00b51be6fcf
 F ext/misc/blobio.c a867c4c4617f6ec223a307ebfe0eabb45e0992f74dd47722b96f3e631c0edb2a
-F ext/misc/btreeinfo.c d28ce349b40054eaa9473e835837bad7a71deec33ba13e39f963d50933bfa0f9
-F ext/misc/carray.c 0ba03f1e6647785d4e05b51be567f5652f06941314ff9d3d3763900aa353b6b5
+F ext/misc/btreeinfo.c cb952620eedf5c0b7625b678f0f08e54d2ec0011d4e50efda5ebdc97f3df7d04
+F ext/misc/carray.c 34fac63770971611c5285de0a9f0ac67d504eaf66be891f637add9290f1c76a5
 F ext/misc/carray.h 503209952ccf2431c7fd899ebb92bf46bf7635b38aace42ec8aa1b8d7b6e98a5
 F ext/misc/cksumvfs.c 9224e33cc0cb6aa61ff1d7d7b8fd6fe56beca9f9c47954fa4ae0a69bef608f69
-F ext/misc/closure.c dbfd8543b2a017ae6b1a5843986b22ddf99ff126ec9634a2f4047cd14c85c243
-F ext/misc/completion.c 6dafd7f4348eecc7be9e920d4b419d1fb2af75d938cd9c59a20cfe8beb2f22b9
+F ext/misc/closure.c 0e04f52d93e678dd6f950f195f365992edf3c380df246f3d80425cba4c13891e
+F ext/misc/completion.c ef78835483b43ac18c96be312b90b615d8368189909be03513ab7a9338131298
 F ext/misc/compress.c 3354c77a7c8e86e07d849916000cdac451ed96500bfb5bd83b20eb61eee012c9
-F ext/misc/csv.c ca8d6dafc5469639de81937cb66ae2e6b358542aba94c4f791910d355a8e7f73
+F ext/misc/csv.c 575c2c05fba0a451586a4d42c2c81e711780c41e797126f198d8d9e0a308dcdb
 F ext/misc/dbdump.c b8592f6f2da292c62991a13864a60d6c573c47a9cc58362131b9e6a64f823e01
-F ext/misc/decimal.c 57d85fa20a5a74d3b0dfc78ab7934ae6c9f5aa8eed915faa2b5246bec87ddc6d
+F ext/misc/decimal.c 172cf81a8634e6a0f0bedaf71a8372fee63348cf5a3c4e1b78bb233c35889fdc
 F ext/misc/eval.c 04bc9aada78c888394204b4ed996ab834b99726fb59603b0ee3ed6e049755dc1
-F ext/misc/explain.c 0086fab288d4352ea638cf40ac382aad3b0dc5e845a1ea829a694c015fd970fe
-F ext/misc/fileio.c 4e7f7cd30de8df4820c552f14af3c9ca451c5ffe1f2e7bef34d598a12ebfb720
-F ext/misc/fossildelta.c 1240b2d3e52eab1d50c160c7fe1902a9bd210e052dc209200a750bbf885402d5
-F ext/misc/fuzzer.c eae560134f66333e9e1ca4c8ffea75df42056e2ce8456734565dbe1c2a92bf3d
-F ext/misc/ieee754.c 984d51fe23e956484ec1049df6f5257002e3ab338cabceb39761c2e80ad10bf4
-F ext/misc/memstat.c 3017a0832c645c0f8c773435620d663855f04690172316bd127270d1a7523d4d
+F ext/misc/explain.c 606100185fb90d6a1eade1ed0414d53503c86820d8956a06e3b0a56291894f2b
+F ext/misc/fileio.c d88e60f63557d76d4e38acffda5556b2ab42e98f5d830897f22aba65930d975c
+F ext/misc/fossildelta.c 8c026e086e406e2b69947f1856fa3b848fff5379962276430d10085b8756b05a
+F ext/misc/fuzzer.c 8b28acf1a7e95d50e332bdd47e792ff27054ad99d3f9bc2e91273814d4b31a5a
+F ext/misc/ieee754.c 62a90978204d2c956d5036eb89e548e736ca5fac0e965912867ddd7bb833256d
+F ext/misc/memstat.c 5b284b78be431c1f5fa154b18eade2407e42c65ed32ec9e9fbf195d114778d7d
 F ext/misc/memtrace.c 7c0d115d2ef716ad0ba632c91e05bd119cb16c1aedf3bec9f06196ead2d5537b
 F ext/misc/memvfs.c 7dffa8cc89c7f2d73da4bd4ccea1bcbd2bd283e3bb4cea398df7c372a197291b
-F ext/misc/mmapwarm.c 347caa99915fb254e8949ec131667b7fae99e2a9ce91bd468efb6dc372d9b7a9
+F ext/misc/mmapwarm.c a81af4aaec00f24f308e2f4c19bf1d88f3ac3ce848c36daa7a4cd38145c4080d
 F ext/misc/nextchar.c 7877914c2a80c2f181dd04c3dbef550dfb54c93495dc03da2403b5dd58f34edd
 F ext/misc/noop.c 81efe4cad9ec740e64388b14281cb983e6e2c223fed43eb77ab3e34946e0c1ab
 F ext/misc/normalize.c bd84355c118e297522aba74de34a4fd286fc775524e0499b14473918d09ea61f
+F ext/misc/pcachetrace.c f4227ce03fb16aa8d6f321b72dd051097419d7a028a9853af048bee7645cb405
 F ext/misc/percentile.c b9086e223d583bdaf8cb73c98a6539d501a2fc4282654adbfea576453d82e691
-F ext/misc/prefixes.c 0f4f8cff5aebc00a7e3ac4021fd59cfe1a8e17c800ceaf592859ecb9cbc38196
-F ext/misc/qpvtab.c 09738419e25f603a35c0ac8bd0a04daab794f48d08a9bc07a6085b9057b99009
+F ext/misc/prefixes.c 82645f79229877afab08c8b08ca1e7fa31921280906b90a61c294e4f540cd2a6
+F ext/misc/qpvtab.c fc189e127f68f791af90a487f4460ec91539a716daf45a0c357e963fd47cc06c
 F ext/misc/randomjson.c 7dd13664155319d47b9facc0d8dbf45e13062966a47168e54e3f26d48240d7ea
 F ext/misc/regexp.c 4bdd0045912f81c84908bd535ec5ad3b1c8540b4287c70ab84070963624047db
 F ext/misc/remember.c add730f0f7e7436cd15ea3fd6a90fd83c3f706ab44169f7f048438b7d6baa69c
 F ext/misc/rot13.c 51ac5f51e9d5fd811db58a9c23c628ad5f333c173f1fc53c8491a3603d38556c
 F ext/misc/scrub.c 2a44b0d44c69584c0580ad2553f6290a307a49df4668941d2812135bfb96a946
-F ext/misc/series.c d4001360b2b05a831bbad378e131bd585b29499482e3f2557e86dbd3e2367f25
+F ext/misc/series.c 80692f675de989629ee20796f75010ce87ca826cb383131040e84f7e1bea5d7a
 F ext/misc/sha1.c 4011aef176616872b2a0d5bccf0ecfb1f7ce3fe5c3d107f3a8e949d8e1e3f08d
 F ext/misc/shathree.c 543af7ce71d391cd3a9ab6924a6a1124efc63211fd0f2e240dc4b56077ba88ac
 F ext/misc/showauth.c 732578f0fe4ce42d577e1c86dc89dd14a006ab52
-F ext/misc/spellfix.c 94df9bbfa514a563c1484f684a2df3d128a2f7209a84ca3ca100c68a0163e29f
+F ext/misc/spellfix.c c0aa7b80d6df45f7da59d912b38752bcac1af53a5766966160e6c5cdd397dbea
 F ext/misc/sqlar.c 53e7d48f68d699a24f1a92e68e71eca8b3a9ff991fe9588c2a05bde103c6e7b7
-F ext/misc/stmt.c bc30d60d55e70d0133f10ac6103fe9336543f673740b73946f98758a2bb16dd7
-F ext/misc/templatevtab.c 8a16a91a5ceaccfcbd6aaaa56d46828806e460dd194965b3f77bf38f14b942c4
+F ext/misc/stmt.c b090086cd6bd6281c21271d38d576eeffe662f0e6b67536352ce32bbaa438321
+F ext/misc/templatevtab.c 10f15b165b95423ddef593bc5dcb915ec4eb5e0f1066d585e5435a368b8bc22b
 F ext/misc/totype.c fa4aedeb07f66169005dffa8de3b0a2b621779fd44f85c103228a42afa71853b
 F ext/misc/uint.c 053fed3bce2e89583afcd4bf804d75d659879bbcedac74d0fa9ed548839a030b
-F ext/misc/unionvtab.c 36237f0607ca954ac13a4a0e2d2ac40c33bc6e032a5f55f431713061ef1625f9
+F ext/misc/unionvtab.c 716d385256d5fb4beea31b0efede640807e423e85c9784d21d22f0cce010a785
 F ext/misc/urifuncs.c f71360d14fa9e7626b563f1f781c6148109462741c5235ac63ae0f8917b9c751
 F ext/misc/uuid.c 5bb2264c1b64d163efa46509544fd7500cb8769cb7c16dd52052da8d961505cf
 F ext/misc/vfslog.c 3932ab932eeb2601dbc4447cb14d445aaa9fbe43b863ef5f014401c3420afd20
-F ext/misc/vfsstat.c 474d08efc697b8eba300082cb1eb74a5f0f3df31ed257db1cb07e72ab0e53dfb
-F ext/misc/vtablog.c 5538acd0c8ddaae372331bee11608d76973436b77d6a91e8635cfc9432fba5ae
+F ext/misc/vfsstat.c a85df08654743922a19410d7b1e3111de41bb7cd07d20dd16eda4e2b808d269d
+F ext/misc/vtablog.c f2c9d41afe00b51b2c8307b79f508eb0c2dcd57bae074807944e73376fcf15b7
 F ext/misc/vtshim.c 1976e6dd68dd0d64508c91a6dfab8e75f8aaf6cd
-F ext/misc/wholenumber.c a838d1bea913c514ff316c69695efbb49ea3b8cb37d22afc57f73b6b010b4546
-F ext/misc/zipfile.c b1f36004c19fb5f949fb166fc4ab88e96a86f66629e9ddb4736a45b63fc3d553
+F ext/misc/wholenumber.c 0fa0c082676b7868bf2fa918e911133f2b349bcdceabd1198bba5f65b4fc0668
+F ext/misc/zipfile.c 64cb3d98b6316586e6056d182051aa9d28fdedfbf4b908e6b7a7d70209b1db11
 F ext/misc/zorder.c b0ff58fa643afa1d846786d51ea8d5c4b6b35aa0254ab5a82617db92f3adda64
 F ext/rbu/rbu.c 801450b24eaf14440d8fd20385aacc751d5c9d6123398df41b1b5aa804bf4ce8
 F ext/rbu/rbu1.test 25870dd7db7eb5597e2b4d6e29e7a7e095abf332660f67d89959552ce8f8f255
@@ -375,13 +453,13 @@ F ext/rbu/rbuvacuum4.test ffccd22f67e2d0b380d2889685742159dfe0d19a3880ca3d2d1d69
 F ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c d4ddf8f0e93772556e452a6c2814063cf47efb760a0834391a9d0cd9859fa4b9
 F ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.h 9d923eb135c5d04aa6afd7c39ca47b0d1d0707c100e02f19fdde6a494e414304
 F ext/rbu/test_rbu.c ee6ede75147bc081fe9bc3931e6b206277418d14d3fbceea6fdc6216d9b47055
-F ext/recover/dbdata.c 31d580785cf14eb3c20ed6fbb421a10a66569858f837928e6b326088c38d4c72
+F ext/recover/dbdata.c fc7147a68422cbbbaa481ee92ae1752cc25f5a24302bece1c70dcb76345bd736
 F ext/recover/recover1.test c484d01502239f11b61f23c1cee9f5dd19fa17617f8974e42e74d64639c524cf
 F ext/recover/recover_common.tcl a61306c1eb45c0c3fc45652c35b2d4ec19729e340bdf65a272ce4c229cefd85a
 F ext/recover/recoverbuild.test c74170e0f7b02456af41838afeb5353fdb985a48cc2331d661bbabbca7c6b8e3
 F ext/recover/recoverclobber.test 3ba6c0c373c5c63d17e82eced64c05c57ccaf26c1abe1ca7141334022a79f32e
 F ext/recover/recovercorrupt.test 64c081ad1200ae77b447da99eb724785d6bf71715f394543dc7689642e92bf49
-F ext/recover/recovercorrupt2.test 74bef7dd2d7dd4856f3da21be6e213d27da44827e0f5f0946ca0325b46d163ed
+F ext/recover/recovercorrupt2.test b9b974f006340a1300b5a7e687bd6097c5238498181c6f92d87406a77ece430b
 F ext/recover/recoverfault.test 9d9f88eeb222615a25e7514f234c950d46bee20d24cd8db49d8fff8d650dcfe1
 F ext/recover/recoverfault2.test 730e7371bcda769554d15460cb23126abba1be8eca9539ccabf63623e7bb7e09
 F ext/recover/recoverold.test 68db3d6f85dd2b98e785b6c4da4f5eea4bbe52ccf6674d9a94c7506dc92596aa
@@ -389,12 +467,12 @@ F ext/recover/recoverpgsz.test 3658ab8e68475b1bb87d6af88baa04551c84b73280a566a1b
 F ext/recover/recoverrowid.test f948bf4024a5f41b0e21b8af80c60564c5b5d78c05a8d64fc00787715ff9f45f
 F ext/recover/recoverslowidx.test 5205a9742dd9490ee99950dabb622307355ef1662dea6a3a21030057bfd81411
 F ext/recover/recoversql.test e66d01f95302a223bcd3fd42b5ee58dc2b53d70afa90b0d00e41e4b8eab20486
-F ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c b3813090c97df34858bab8ece4e8c49d9e2f56ba2b9bb019f57f44bc234b3c6d
+F ext/recover/sqlite3recover.c e6eb20c469bcdb96f297f2241860bccabf9f036bfa7f3d47bcc6ca1191b108dc
 F ext/recover/sqlite3recover.h 011c799f02deb70ab685916f6f538e6bb32c4e0025e79bfd0e24ff9c74820959
 F ext/recover/test_recover.c 1a34e2d04533d919a30ae4d5caeb1643f6684e9ccd7597ca27721d8af81f4ade
 F ext/repair/README.md 92f5e8aae749a4dae14f02eea8e1bb42d4db2b6ce5e83dbcdd6b1446997e0c15
 F ext/repair/checkfreelist.c e21f06995ff4efdc1622dcceaea4dcba2caa83ca2f31a1607b98a8509168a996
-F ext/repair/checkindex.c 4383e4469c21e5b9ae321d0d63cec53e981af9d7a6564be6374f0eeb93dfc890
+F ext/repair/checkindex.c af5c66463f51462d8a6f796b2c44ef8cfa1116bbdc35a15da07c67a705388bfd
 F ext/repair/sqlite3_checker.c.in 445118c5f7fea958b36fba1b2c464283e60ed4842039ddee3265f1698115ebf7
 F ext/repair/sqlite3_checker.tcl a9a2caa9660567257c177a91124d8c0dccdfa341e25c51e6da7f1fd9e601eafa
 F ext/repair/test/README.md 34b2f542cf5be7bffe479242b33ee3492cea30711e447cc4a1a86cb5915f419e
@@ -402,19 +480,19 @@ F ext/repair/test/checkfreelist01.test 3e8aa6aeb4007680c94a8d07b41c339aa635cc782
 F ext/repair/test/checkindex01.test b530f141413b587c9eb78ff734de6bb79bc3515c335096108c12c01bddbadcec
 F ext/repair/test/test.tcl 686d76d888dffd021f64260abf29a55c57b2cedfa7fc69150b42b1d6119aac3c
 F ext/rtree/README 6315c0d73ebf0ec40dedb5aa0e942bc8b54e3761
-F ext/rtree/geopoly.c 971e0b5bd9adaf0811feb8c0842a310811159da10319eb0e74fdb42bf26b99ca
-F ext/rtree/rtree.c 925888f7672b326fc2a29b3a212ec3ae4aa2331507ecccfaf7f0ac0335020330
+F ext/rtree/geopoly.c 0dd4775e896cee6067979d67aff7c998e75c2c9d9cd8d62a1a790c09cde7adca
+F ext/rtree/rtree.c 2e1452a9338fe4db057fa677277bed86b65c667ed48b9b59144adae99f85a7cb
 F ext/rtree/rtree.h 4a690463901cb5e6127cf05eb8e642f127012fd5003830dbc974eca5802d9412
-F ext/rtree/rtree1.test d47f58832145fcfed9067bc457ca8664962196c4566c17a1ebd679367db55d11
+F ext/rtree/rtree1.test 2b5b8c719c6a4abe377f57766f428a49af36a93061cb146cccfdc3b30000c0a4
 F ext/rtree/rtree2.test 9d9deddbb16fd0c30c36e6b4fdc3ee3132d765567f0f9432ee71e1303d32603d
 F ext/rtree/rtree3.test 272594f88c344e973864008bbe4c71fd3a41a264c097d568593ee7886d83d409
 F ext/rtree/rtree4.test 304de65d484540111b896827e4261815e5dca4ce28eeecd58be648cd73452c4b
 F ext/rtree/rtree5.test 49c9041d713d54560b315c2c7ef7207ee287eba1b20f8266968a06f2e55d3142
 F ext/rtree/rtree6.test 2f5ffc69670395c1a84fad7924e2d49e82a25460c5293fb1e54e1aa906f04945
 F ext/rtree/rtree7.test c8fb2e555b128dd0f0bdb520c61380014f497f8a23c40f2e820acc9f9e4fdce5
-F ext/rtree/rtree8.test 2d99006a1386663978c9e1df167554671e4f711c419175b39f332719deb1ce0e
+F ext/rtree/rtree8.test 4da84c7f328bbdca15052fa13da6e8b8d426433347bf75fc85574c2f5a411a02
 F ext/rtree/rtree9.test fd3c9384ef8aabbc127b3878764070398f136eebc551cd20484b570f2cc1956a
-F ext/rtree/rtreeA.test a7fd235d8194115fa2e14d300337931eb2e960fe8a46cdfb66add2206412ea41
+F ext/rtree/rtreeA.test 14e67fccc5b41efbad7ea99d21d11aaa66d2067da7d5b296ee86e4de64391d82
 F ext/rtree/rtreeB.test 4cec297f8e5c588654bbf3c6ed0903f10612be8a2878055dd25faf8c71758bc9
 F ext/rtree/rtreeC.test 2978b194d09b13e106bdb0e1c5b408b9d42eb338c1082bf43c87ef43bd626147
 F ext/rtree/rtreeD.test fe46aa7f012e137bd58294409b16c0d43976c3bb92c8f710481e577c4a1100dc
@@ -424,14 +502,14 @@ F ext/rtree/rtreeG.test 1b9ca6e3effb48f4161edaa463ddeaa8fca4b2526d084f9cbf5dbe4e
 F ext/rtree/rtreeH.test 0885151ee8429242625600ae47142cca935332c70a06737f35af53a7bd7aaf90
 F ext/rtree/rtreeI.test 608e77f7fde9be5a12eae316baef640fffaafcfa90a3d67443e78123e19c4ca4
 F ext/rtree/rtree_perf.tcl 6c18c1f23cd48e0f948930c98dfdd37dfccb5195
-F ext/rtree/rtree_util.tcl db734b4c5e75fed6acc56d9701f2235345acfdec750b5fc7b587936f5f6bceed
-F ext/rtree/rtreecheck.test 4e859a9cd49d2353ff10c122f72183ec37b400e35d2b0349b2e9696649b6a00e
+F ext/rtree/rtree_util.tcl 202ca70df1f0645ef9d5a2170e62d378a28098d9407f0569e85c9c1cf1bd020a
+F ext/rtree/rtreecheck.test 934546ad9b563e090ee0c5cbdc69ad014189ad76e5df7320526797a9a345661f
 F ext/rtree/rtreecirc.test aec664eb21ae943aeb344191407afff5d392d3ae9d12b9a112ced0d9c5de298e
 F ext/rtree/rtreeconnect.test 225ad3fcb483d36cbee423a25052a6bbae762c9576ae9268332360c68c170d3d
-F ext/rtree/rtreedoc.test 27a5703cb1200f6f69051de68da546cef3dfdcf59be73afadfc50b9f9c9960d9
+F ext/rtree/rtreedoc.test d633982d61542f3bc0a0a2df0382a02cc699ac56cbda01130cde6da44a228490
 F ext/rtree/rtreedoc2.test 194ebb7d561452dcdc10bf03f44e30c082c2f0c14efeb07f5e02c7daf8284d93
 F ext/rtree/rtreedoc3.test 555a878c4d79c4e37fa439a1c3b02ee65d3ebaf75d9e8d96a9c55d66db3efbf8
-F ext/rtree/rtreefuzz001.test 0fc793f67897c250c5fde96cefee455a5e2fb92f4feeabde5b85ea02040790ee
+F ext/rtree/rtreefuzz001.test 44f680a23dbe00d1061dbde381d711119099846d166580c4381e402b9d62cb74
 F ext/rtree/sqlite3rtree.h 03c8db3261e435fbddcfc961471795cbf12b24e03001d0015b2636b0f3881373
 F ext/rtree/test_rtreedoc.c de76b3472bc74b788d079342fdede22ff598796dd3d97acffe46e09228af83a3
 F ext/rtree/tkt3363.test 142ab96eded44a3615ec79fba98c7bde7d0f96de
@@ -443,7 +521,7 @@ F ext/session/changesetfuzz.c 227076ab0ae4447d742c01ee88a564da6478bbf26b65108bf8
 F ext/session/changesetfuzz1.test 2e1b90d888fbf0eea5e1bd2f1e527a48cc85f8e0ff75df1ec4e320b21f580b3a
 F ext/session/session1.test e94f764fbfb672147c0ef7026b195988133b371dc8cf9e52423eba6cad69717e
 F ext/session/session2.test ee83bb973b9ce17ccce4db931cdcdae65eb40bbb22089b2fe6aa4f6be3b9303f
-F ext/session/session3.test ce9ce3dfa489473987f899e9f6a0f2db9bde3479
+F ext/session/session3.test 2cc1629cfb880243aec1a7251145e07b78411d851b39b2aa1390704550db8e6a
 F ext/session/session4.test 6778997065b44d99c51ff9cece047ff9244a32856b328735ae27ddef68979c40
 F ext/session/session5.test 716bc6fafd625ce60dfa62ae128971628c1a1169
 F ext/session/session6.test 35279f2ec45448cd2e24a61688219dc6cf7871757716063acf4a8b5455e1e926
@@ -459,13 +537,16 @@ F ext/session/sessionG.test 3efe388282d641b65485b5462e67851002cd91a282dc95b685d0
 F ext/session/sessionH.test 71bbff6b1abb2c4ac62b84dee53273c37e0b21e5fde3aed80929403e091ef859
 F ext/session/session_common.tcl e5598096425486b363718e2cda48ee85d660c96b4f8ea9d9d7a4c3ef514769da
 F ext/session/session_speed_test.c dcf0ef58d76b70c8fbd9eab3be77cf9deb8bc1638fed8be518b62d6cbdef88b3
+F ext/session/sessionalter.test 460bdac2832a550519f6bc32e5db2c0cee94f335870aaf25a3a403a81ab20e17
 F ext/session/sessionat.test 00c8badb35e43a2f12a716d2734a44d614ff62361979b6b85419035bc04b45ee
 F ext/session/sessionbig.test 47c381e7acfabeef17d98519a3080d69151723354d220afa2053852182ca7adf
 F ext/session/sessiondiff.test ad13dd65664bae26744e1f18eb3cbd5588349b7e9118851d8f9364248d67bcec
 F ext/session/sessionfault.test 573bf027fb870d57bd4e7cf50822a3e4b17b2b923407438747aaa918dec57a09
 F ext/session/sessionfault2.test b0d6a7c1d7398a7e800d84657404909c7d385965ea8576dc79ed344c46fbf41c
+F ext/session/sessionfault3.test 7c7547202775de268f3fe6f074c4d0d165151829710b4e64f90d4a01645ba9e7
 F ext/session/sessioninvert.test 04075517a9497a80d39c495ba6b44f3982c7371129b89e2c52219819bc105a25
 F ext/session/sessionmem.test f2a735db84a3e9e19f571033b725b0b2daf847f3f28b1da55a0c1a4e74f1de09
+F ext/session/sessionnoact.test 506526a5fe29421ecc50d371774ef1bb04cbd9d906a8a468f0556cdbde184c22
 F ext/session/sessionnoop.test a9366a36a95ef85f8a3687856ebef46983df399541174cb1ede2ee53b8011bc7
 F ext/session/sessionnoop2.test de4672dce88464396ec9f30ed08c6c01643a69c53ae540fadbbf6d30642d64e8
 F ext/session/sessionrebase.test 702378bdcb5062f1106e74457beca8797d09c113a81768734a58b197b5b334e2
@@ -473,90 +554,94 @@ F ext/session/sessionrowid.test 85187c2f1b38861a5844868126f69f9ec62223a03449a98a
 F ext/session/sessionsize.test 8fcf4685993c3dbaa46a24183940ab9f5aa9ed0d23e5fb63bfffbdb56134b795
 F ext/session/sessionstat1.test b039e38e2ba83767b464baf39b297cc0b1cc6f3292255cb467ea7e12d0d0280c
 F ext/session/sessionwor.test 6fd9a2256442cebde5b2284936ae9e0d54bde692d0f5fd009ecef8511f4cf3fc
-F ext/session/sqlite3session.c e50a9218ee360db0a25298adc6614162d80ebe65d3f6a5b0a021e0902f6536a1
-F ext/session/sqlite3session.h 653e9d49c4edae231df8a4c8d69c2145195aedb32462d4b44229dbee7d2680fb
-F ext/session/test_session.c 5285482f83cd92b4c1fe12fcf88210566a18312f4f2aa110f6399dae46aeccbb
+F ext/session/sqlite3session.c 7b0f9bf6479aebd49e5f34cdaeb1479cde843cf5189bca6f32db4f36c130b414
+F ext/session/sqlite3session.h 4cf19a51975746d7cff2fdd74db8b769c570958e1c3639ac150d824ac1553b3e
+F ext/session/test_session.c 7b94ad945cd4afe6c73ee935aeb3d44b4446186e1729362af616c7695a5283d9
 F ext/userauth/sqlite3userauth.h 7f3ea8c4686db8e40b0a0e7a8e0b00fac13aa7a3
 F ext/userauth/user-auth.txt e6641021a9210364665fe625d067617d03f27b04
 F ext/userauth/userauth.c 7f00cded7dcaa5d47f54539b290a43d2e59f4b1eb5f447545fa865f002fc80cb
 F ext/wasm/EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.fiddle.in 27450c8b8c70875a260aca55435ec927068b34cef801a96205adb81bdcefc65c
-F ext/wasm/GNUmakefile 38700d5074af690f004e4e5f3533164ab49693b9d0832929c4ecf97a0bc09494
+F ext/wasm/GNUmakefile 0e362f3fc04eab6628cbe4f1e35f4ab4a200881f6b5f753b27fb45eabeddd9d2
 F ext/wasm/README-dist.txt 6382cb9548076fca472fb3330bbdba3a55c1ea0b180ff9253f084f07ff383576
-F ext/wasm/README.md ef39861aa21632fdbca0bdd469f78f0096f6449a720f3f39642594af503030e9
+F ext/wasm/README.md a8a2962c3aebdf8d2104a9102e336c5554e78fc6072746e5daf9c61514e7d193
+F ext/wasm/SQLTester/GNUmakefile e0794f676d55819951bbfae45cc5e8d7818dc460492dc317ce7f0d2eca15caff
+F ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.mjs ec2f6ba63a0f2f0562941a0fb8e46b7dc55589711513f1952349785966edfe50
+F ext/wasm/SQLTester/SQLTester.run.mjs c72b7fe2072d05992f7a3d8c6a1d34e95712513ceabe40849784e24e41c84638
+F ext/wasm/SQLTester/index.html 3f8a016df0776be76605abf20e815ecaafbe055abac0e1fe5ea080e7846b760d
+F ext/wasm/SQLTester/touint8array.c 2d5ece04ec1393a6a60c4bf96385bda5e1a10ad49f3038b96460fc5e5aa7e536
 F ext/wasm/api/EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.sqlite3-api d6a5078f48a5301ed17b9a30331075d9b2506e1360c1f0dee0c7816c10acd9ab
 F ext/wasm/api/EXPORTED_FUNCTIONS.sqlite3-see fb29e62082a658f0d81102488414d422c393c4b20cc2f685b216bc566237957b
 F ext/wasm/api/EXPORTED_RUNTIME_METHODS.sqlite3-api 1ec3c73e7d66e95529c3c64ac3de2470b0e9e7fbf7a5b41261c367cf4f1b7287
-F ext/wasm/api/README.md 77a2f1f2fc60a35def7455dffc8d3f2c56385d6ac5c6cecc60fa938252ea2c54
-F ext/wasm/api/extern-post-js.c-pp.js 393ab78b807da94096eae1a68bfddb999a2299936a185d910162fe87a57a9a3a
+F ext/wasm/api/README.md 5eb44fa02e9c693a1884a3692428647894b0380b24bca120866b7a24c8786134
+F ext/wasm/api/extern-post-js.c-pp.js c4154a7f90c2d7e51fd6738273908152036c3457fdc0b6523f1be3ef51105aac
 F ext/wasm/api/extern-pre-js.js cc61c09c7a24a07dbecb4c352453c3985170cec12b4e7e7e7a4d11d43c5c8f41
 F ext/wasm/api/post-js-footer.js cd0a8ec768501d9bd45d325ab0442037fb0e33d1f3b4f08902f15c34720ee4a1
 F ext/wasm/api/post-js-header.js 47b6b281f39ad59fa6e8b658308cd98ea292c286a68407b35ff3ed9cfd281a62
 F ext/wasm/api/pre-js.c-pp.js ad906703f7429590f2fbf5e6498513bf727a1a4f0ebfa057afb08161d7511219
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js cc21e3486da748463e02bbe51e2464c6ac136587cdfd5aa00cd0b5385f6ca808
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-glue.js f1b2dcb944de5138bb5bd9a1559d2e76a4f3ec25260963d709e8237476688803
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-oo1.js 2691a34a741015127b210954a1b9586764d3ff0c8a20f00fd15c00f339ecc79f
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-prologue.js 17f4ec398ba34c5c666fea8e8c4eb82064a35b302f2f2eb355283cd8d3f68ed5
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-worker1.js 40a5b1813fcbe789f23ae196c833432c8c83e7054d660194ddfc51eab1c5b9bf
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-cleanup.js d235ad237df6954145404305040991c72ef8b1881715d2a650dda7b3c2576d0e
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-glue.js 26aedfb27915f4f316f6eac84078443e4f0d2dfe5f012310014923ed4b77b2b6
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-oo1.js 9678dc4d9a5d39632b6ffe6ea94a023119260815bf32f265bf5f6c36c9516db8
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-prologue.js 9aeba7b45cf41b3a26d34d7fb2525633cd1adfc544888c1ea8dbb077496f4ce9
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-api-worker1.js f941382f21006b4a817754184e2661b0a63ce650201f3419cd60f4758b6fd60e
 F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-license-version-header.js 0c807a421f0187e778dc1078f10d2994b915123c1223fe752b60afdcd1263f89
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js 70914ae97784d3028150bbf252e07a423056c42cc345903c81b5fae661ce512f
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-v-helper.js e5c202a9ecde9ef818536d3f5faf26c03a1a9f5192b1ddea8bdabf30d75ef487
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js 89640e4874a60cb2d973306b272384ffb45c7915375c7bb0355c7586f88dc39c
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasi.h 25356084cfe0d40458a902afb465df8c21fc4152c1d0a59b563a3fba59a068f9
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasm.c 12a096d8e58a0af0589142bae5a3c27a0c7e19846755a1a37d2c206352fbedda
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1-promiser.c-pp.js 2710a06a59620c6bf7ce298ab1fb6c9ce825b9f9379728b74c486db6613beecc
-F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1.c-pp.js da509469755035e919c015deea41b4514b5e84c12a1332e6cc8d42cb2cc1fb75
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-opfs-async-proxy.js 8cf8a897726f14071fae6be6648125162b256dfb4f96555b865dbb7a6b65e379
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-v-helper.js 7daa0eab0a513a25b05e9abae7b5beaaa39209b3ed12f86aeae9ef8d2719ed25
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs-sahpool.c-pp.js 595953994aa3ae2287c889c4da39ab3d6f17b6461ecf4bec334b7a3faafddb02
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-vfs-opfs.c-pp.js 46c4afa6c50d7369252c104f274ad977a97e91ccfafc38b400fe36e90bdda88e
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-wasm.c 038de1b6d40b2cc0f41a143a0451db60b2a6f1b5bc06de67da255c54ea1661b7
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1-promiser.c-pp.js bc06df0d599e625bde6a10a394e326dc68da9ff07fa5404354580f81566e591f
+F ext/wasm/api/sqlite3-worker1.c-pp.js a541112aa51e16705f13a99bb943c64efe178aa28c86704a955f8fd9afe4ba37
 F ext/wasm/batch-runner.html 4deeed44fe41496dc6898d9fb17938ea3291f40f4bfb977e29d0cef96fbbe4c8
 F ext/wasm/batch-runner.js 0dad6a02ad796f1003d3b7048947d275c4d6277f63767b8e685c27df8fdac93e
 F ext/wasm/c-pp.c 6d80d8569d85713effe8b0818a3cf51dc779e3f0bf8dc88771b8998552ee25b4
-F ext/wasm/common/SqliteTestUtil.js d8bf97ecb0705a2299765c8fc9e11b1a5ac7f10988bbf375a6558b7ca287067b
+F ext/wasm/common/SqliteTestUtil.js 7adaeffef757d8708418dc9190f72df22367b531831775804b31598b44f6aa51
 F ext/wasm/common/emscripten.css 11bd104b6c0d597c67d40cc8ecc0a60dae2b965151e3b6a37fa5708bac3acd15
-F ext/wasm/common/testing.css 0ff15602a3ab2bad8aef2c3bd120c7ee3fd1c2054ad2ace7e214187ae68d926f
-F ext/wasm/common/whwasmutil.js 749a1f81f85835e9a384e9706f2a955a7158f2b8cc9da33f41105cac7775a305
+F ext/wasm/common/testing.css e97549bab24126c24e0daabfe2de9bb478fb0a69fdb2ddd0a73a992c091aad6f
+F ext/wasm/common/whwasmutil.js 4c64594eecc7af4ae64259e95a71ba2a7edf118881aaff0bba86d0c7164e78e4
 F ext/wasm/demo-123-worker.html a0b58d9caef098a626a1a1db567076fca4245e8d60ba94557ede8684350a81ed
 F ext/wasm/demo-123.html 8c70a412ce386bd3796534257935eb1e3ea5c581e5d5aea0490b8232e570a508
-F ext/wasm/demo-123.js ebae30756585bca655b4ab2553ec9236a87c23ad24fc8652115dcedb06d28df6
+F ext/wasm/demo-123.js 38aa8faec4d0ace1c973bc8a7a1533584463ebeecd4c420daa7d9687beeb9cb5
 F ext/wasm/demo-jsstorage.html 409c4be4af5f207fb2877160724b91b33ea36a3cd8c204e8da1acb828ffe588e
 F ext/wasm/demo-jsstorage.js 44e3ae7ec2483b6c511384c3c290beb6f305c721186bcf5398ca4e00004a06b8
 F ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.html 1de7c248c7c2cfd4a5783d2aa154bce62d74c6de98ab22f5786620b3354ed15f
-F ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.js 51b02509a109e82f623fb4c900c8b48b9a77cc13fbd038396f9a083b86593ae3
+F ext/wasm/demo-worker1-promiser.js 5e5c7d7c91cd7aae9cc733afd02569ba9c6928292db413b550e8b842f4b75e87
 F ext/wasm/demo-worker1.html 2c178c1890a2beb5a5fecb1453e796d067a4b8d3d2a04d65ca2eb1ab2c68ef5d
-F ext/wasm/demo-worker1.js 2c7794d8bc4ab9ecf9cdc2c15de940b11a006942226e441ea41edd458dfc0a26
-F ext/wasm/dist.make 451fb1b732257849f6e898d2a862512a0401500ed369ef53bdfeddf9c77bc3b9
+F ext/wasm/demo-worker1.js 836bece8615b17b1b572584f7b15912236a5947fe8c68b98d2737d7e287447ef
+F ext/wasm/dist.make 3a851858aad72e246a5d9c5aaf6b6a144305f1bf898ac1846760ea7bab95c9a3
 F ext/wasm/example_extra_init.c 2347cd69d19d839ef4e5e77b7855103a7fe3ef2af86f2e8c95839afd8b05862f
-F ext/wasm/fiddle.make dbe36b90b8907ae28ecb9c0e9fd8389dbdaecf117ea4fb2ea33864bdfa498a94
+F ext/wasm/fiddle.make fa2ba6e90457ba2a71cb745f200d409caf773076df75ae5b177cc225d7627a11
 F ext/wasm/fiddle/emscripten.css 3d253a6fdb8983a2ac983855bfbdd4b6fa1ff267c28d69513dd6ef1f289ada3f
-F ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle-worker.js 163d6139a93fab4bcb72064923df050d4e7c0ff0d8aa061ce8776a6e75da8a10
+F ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle-worker.js e0153f9af6500805c6f09c0b3cfdb7d857e9d6863dbee9d50d1628fccf5f4b4d
 F ext/wasm/fiddle/fiddle.js 974b995119ac443685d7d94d3b3c58c6a36540e9eb3fed7069d5653284071715
 F ext/wasm/fiddle/index.html 5daf54e8f3d7777cbb1ca4f93affe28858dbfff25841cb4ab81d694efed28ec2
 F ext/wasm/index-dist.html 22379774f0ad4edcaaa8cf9c674c82e794cc557719a8addabed74eb8069d412e
-F ext/wasm/index.html dd900891844caebd9cadbddd704f66bd841d7c12fd69ce5af490e2c10fb49f45
-F ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.js 8287c0537fa0750414edbe75ce64668a81c8716df5ec4c3e6bb4f11bd1c36031
+F ext/wasm/index.html 4e7847b909f4ae0da8c829b150b79454050e53b3658431f138636257729cd42b
+F ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.js 1264710db3cfbcb6887d95665b7aeba60c1126eaef789ca4cf1a4a17d5bc7f54
 F ext/wasm/jaccwabyt/jaccwabyt.md 37911f00db12cbcca73aa1ed72594430365f30aafae2fa9c886961de74e5e0eb
-F ext/wasm/module-symbols.html 841de62fc198988b8330e238c260e70ec93028b096e1a1234db31b187a899d10
-F ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.html 20cf6f1a8f368e70d01e8c17200e3eaa90f1c8e1029186d836d14b83845fbe06
-F ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs-main.js 4c140457f4d6da9d646a49addd91edb6e9ad1643c6c48e3258b5bce24725dc18
-F ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.html 7a301f4f5b6ad4f5d37fd6e7ca03a2f5d5547fd289da60a39075a93d7646d354
-F ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.html 82869822e641c1bef3ec0cd2d7d2b6a42d0b4f68a7b160fb2e1dd0b523940a9b
-F ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.js 13b57c4a41729678a1194014afec2bd5b94435dcfc8d1039dfa9a533ac819ee1
+F ext/wasm/module-symbols.html dc476b403369b26a1a23773e13b80f41b9a49f0825e81435fe3600a7cfbbe337
+F ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.html a3d7388f3c4b263676b58b526846e9d02dfcb4014ff29d3a5040935286af5b96
+F ext/wasm/scratchpad-wasmfs.mjs 66034b9256b218de59248aad796760a1584c1dd842231505895eff00dbd57c63
+F ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.html 0e9d335a9b5b5fafe6e1bc8dc0f0ca7e22e6eb916682a2d7c36218bb7d67379d
+F ext/wasm/speedtest1-wasmfs.mjs ac5cadbf4ffe69e9eaac8b45e8523f030521e02bb67d654c6eb5236d9c456cbe
+F ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.html e33e2064bda572c0c3ebaec7306c35aa758d9d27e245d67e807f8cc4a9351cc5
+F ext/wasm/speedtest1-worker.js 315d26198c46be7c85e26fda15d80ef882424276abde25ffd8b026fb02a35d8c
 F ext/wasm/speedtest1.html ff048b4a623aa192e83e143e48f1ce2a899846dd42c023fdedc8772b6e3f07da
 F ext/wasm/split-speedtest1-script.sh a3e271938d4d14ee49105eb05567c6a69ba4c1f1293583ad5af0cd3a3779e205 x
 F ext/wasm/sql/000-mandelbrot.sql 775337a4b80938ac8146aedf88808282f04d02d983d82675bd63d9c2d97a15f0
 F ext/wasm/sql/001-sudoku.sql 35b7cb7239ba5d5f193bc05ec379bcf66891bce6f2a5b3879f2f78d0917299b5
 F ext/wasm/test-opfs-vfs.html 1f2d672f3f3fce810dfd48a8d56914aba22e45c6834e262555e685bce3da8c3f
 F ext/wasm/test-opfs-vfs.js f09266873e1a34d9bdb6d3981ec8c9e382f31f215c9fd2f9016d2394b8ae9b7b
-F ext/wasm/tester1-worker.html 258d08f1ba9cc2d455958751e26be833893cf9ff7853e9436e593e1f778a386b
+F ext/wasm/tester1-worker.html ebc4b820a128963afce328ecf63ab200bd923309eb939f4110510ab449e9814c
 F ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.html 1c1bc78b858af2019e663b1a31e76657b73dc24bede28ca92fbe917c3a972af2
-F ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.js 587a18db0f794c594eb0fade37c92af3e2370501576bb08dafd8ed7d009b6516
+F ext/wasm/tester1.c-pp.js fb20d9e1c308ea34a29d8afdda1a6c5edc406241b5560fa23c19c14747ee41bc
 F ext/wasm/tests/opfs/concurrency/index.html 0802373d57034d51835ff6041cda438c7a982deea6079efd98098d3e42fbcbc1
 F ext/wasm/tests/opfs/concurrency/test.js a98016113eaf71e81ddbf71655aa29b0fed9a8b79a3cdd3620d1658eb1cc9a5d
 F ext/wasm/tests/opfs/concurrency/worker.js 0a8c1a3e6ebb38aabbee24f122693f1fb29d599948915c76906681bb7da1d3d2
-F ext/wasm/version-info.c 3b36468a90faf1bbd59c65fd0eb66522d9f941eedd364fabccd72273503ae7d5
-F ext/wasm/wasmfs.make cf9a68162d92ca2bcb0b9528b244cb36d5cc2d84ccc9c2d398461927d6e75aea
+F ext/wasm/wasmfs.make 8a4955882aaa0783b3f60a9484a1f0f3d8b6f775c0fcd17c082f31966f1bc16a
 F install-sh 9d4de14ab9fb0facae2f48780b874848cbf2f895 x
 F ltmain.sh 3ff0879076df340d2e23ae905484d8c15d5fdea8
 F magic.txt 5ade0bc977aa135e79e3faaea894d5671b26107cc91e70783aa7dc83f22f3ba0
-F main.mk ac6b13f8ecc43f377e9912380ea4cf366051d7f784cf61c8886e03e1cf0fbefa
-F mkso.sh fd21c06b063bb16a5d25deea1752c2da6ac3ed83
+F main.mk 51fd5fc8565007266e6bfd9e299199c752b171707a667b8914a204b38258e1b1
 F mptest/config01.test 3c6adcbc50b991866855f1977ff172eb6d901271
 F mptest/config02.test 4415dfe36c48785f751e16e32c20b077c28ae504
 F mptest/crash01.test 61e61469e257df0850df4293d7d4d6c2af301421
@@ -565,182 +650,183 @@ F mptest/mptest.c aa41ace6dbc5050d76b02548d3521e6bbccae4f0
 F mptest/multiwrite01.test dab5c5f8f9534971efce679152c5146da265222d
 F spec.template 86a4a43b99ebb3e75e6b9a735d5fd293a24e90ca
 F sqlite.pc.in 42b7bf0d02e08b9e77734a47798d1a55a9e0716b
-F sqlite3.1 fc7ad8990fc8409983309bb80de8c811a7506786
+F sqlite3.1 acdff36db796e2d00225b911d3047d580cd136547298435426ce9d40347973cc
 F sqlite3.pc.in 48fed132e7cb71ab676105d2a4dc77127d8c1f3a
 F sqlite_cfg.h.in baf2e409c63d4e7a765e17769b6ff17c5a82bbd9cbf1e284fd2e4cefaff3fcf2
-F src/alter.c 482c534877fbb543f8295992cde925df55443febac5db5438d5aaba6f78c4940
-F src/analyze.c a1f3061af16c99f73aed0362160176c31a6452de1b02ada1d68f6839f2a37df0
+F src/alter.c 30c2333b8bb3af71e4eb9adeadee8aa20edb15917ed44b8422e5cd15f3dfcddc
+F src/analyze.c d4cc28738c29e009640ec20ebb6936ba6fcefff0d11aa93398d9bb9a5ead6c1f
 F src/attach.c cc9d00d30da916ff656038211410ccf04ed784b7564639b9b61d1839ed69fd39
-F src/auth.c f4fa91b6a90bbc8e0d0f738aa284551739c9543a367071f55574681e0f24f8cf
+F src/auth.c 19b7ccacae3dfba23fc6f1d0af68134fa216e9040e53b0681b4715445ea030b4
 F src/backup.c 5c97e8023aab1ce14a42387eb3ae00ba5a0644569e3476f38661fa6f824c3523
-F src/bitvec.c 7c849aac407230278445cb069bebc5f89bf2ddd87c5ed9459b070a9175707b3d
-F src/btmutex.c 6ffb0a22c19e2f9110be0964d0731d2ef1c67b5f7fabfbaeb7b9dabc4b7740ca
-F src/btree.c ecaaf8d57cd8b5f4e3167bd59cf61cef031b4b2ee606e6afa11b96a60a14f9ef
-F src/btree.h aa354b9bad4120af71e214666b35132712b8f2ec11869cb2315c52c81fad45cc
-F src/btreeInt.h b900603c8956bdeb313841f9b67bdeceef32c64d962d35477c07ec25e8cf0f9b
-F src/build.c 7a7217f75f202eff03617ca447bb9c3bc07d5af49da1d3cff2b1a88e8e394686
+F src/bitvec.c 9eac5f42c11914d5ef00a75605bb205e934f435c579687f985f1f8b0995c8645
+F src/btmutex.c 79a43670447eacc651519a429f6ece9fd638563cf95b469d6891185ddae2b522
+F src/btree.c f3b09c5414de3a11db73e11e1d66f4c5e53c9e89876ff3b531a887ab656ca303 x
+F src/btree.h 03e3356f5208bcab8eed4e094240fdac4a7f9f5ddf5e91045ce589f67d47c240
+F src/btreeInt.h ef12a72b708677e48d6bc8dcd66fed25434740568b89e2cfa368093cfc5b9d15
+F src/build.c 189e4517d67f09f0a3e0d8e1faa6e2ef0c2e95f6ac82e33c912cb7efa2a359cc
 F src/callback.c db3a45e376deff6a16c0058163fe0ae2b73a2945f3f408ca32cf74960b28d490
 F src/complete.c a3634ab1e687055cd002e11b8f43eb75c17da23e
-F src/ctime.c 20507cc0b0a6c19cd882fcd0eaeda32ae6a4229fb4b024cfdf3183043d9b703d
-F src/date.c aca9e0c08b400b21238b609aea7c09585396cd770985cf8f475560f69222dad3
-F src/dbpage.c f3eea5f7ec47e09ee7da40f42b25092ecbe961fc59566b8e5f705f34335b2387
-F src/dbstat.c ec92074baa61d883de58c945162d9e666c13cd7cf3a23bc38b4d1c4d0b2c2bef
-F src/delete.c a9c6d3f51c0a31e9b831e0a0580a98d702904b42d216fee530940e40dec34873
-F src/expr.c 941fe758212c6cf0007c6d7daf5368e11c199376ace9b3018494296e18a27eac
+F src/ctime.c 23331529e654be40ca97d171cbbffe9b3d4c71cc53b78fe5501230675952da8b
+F src/date.c eebc54a00e888d3c56147779e9f361b77d62fd69ff2008c5373946aa1ba1d574
+F src/dbpage.c 80e46e1df623ec40486da7a5086cb723b0275a6e2a7b01d9f9b5da0f04ba2782
+F src/dbstat.c 3b677254d512fcafd4d0b341bf267b38b235ccfddbef24f9154e19360fa22e43
+F src/delete.c cb766727c78e715f9fb7ec8a7d03658ed2a3016343ca687acfcec9083cdca500
+F src/expr.c 433f12e1237524482b0b2681c07da3cd54ddada2a625237cecde419f3e3a2553
 F src/fault.c 460f3e55994363812d9d60844b2a6de88826e007
-F src/fkey.c 03c134cc8bffe54835f742ddea0b72ebfc8f6b32773d175c71b8afeea6cb5c83
-F src/func.c 03e6b501f3056d0ba398bda17df938b2b566aa0b3ca7e1942a3cd1925d04ec36
-F src/global.c bd0892ade7289f6e20bff44c07d06371f2ff9b53cea359e7854b9b72f65adc30
-F src/hash.c c6af5f96a7a76d000f07c5402c48c318c2566beecdee9e78b9d9f60ce7119565
+F src/fkey.c a47610f0a5c6cb0ad79f8fcef039c01833dec0c751bb695f28dc0ec6a4c3ba00
+F src/func.c 472f6dcfa39cf54f89a6aec76c79c225fb880a6c14469c15d361331662b9bf43
+F src/global.c 29f56a330ed9d1b5cd9b79ac0ca36f97ac3afc730ff8bfa987b0db9e559d684d
+F src/hash.c 9ee4269fb1d6632a6fecfb9479c93a1f29271bddbbaf215dd60420bcb80c7220
 F src/hash.h 3340ab6e1d13e725571d7cee6d3e3135f0779a7d8e76a9ce0a85971fa3953c51
-F src/hwtime.h b638809e083b601b618df877b2e89cb87c2a47a01f4def10be4c4ebb54664ac7
+F src/hwtime.h f9c2dfb84dce7acf95ce6d289e46f5f9d3d1afd328e53da8f8e9008e3b3caae6
 F src/in-operator.md 10cd8f4bcd225a32518407c2fb2484089112fd71
-F src/insert.c a8de1db43335fc4946370a7a7e47d89975ad678ddb15078a150e993ba2fb37d4
-F src/json.c 39b1c7527f3111923e65f168a87b03b591f12a41400a63d05c119794bee36620
+F src/insert.c 3f0a94082d978bbdd33c38fefea15346c6c6bffb70bc645a71dc0f1f87dd3276
+F src/json.c d69c6e28ff7b602877bda68cd20583b8487c059759aa4d154dd21b3fd99c6238
 F src/legacy.c d7874bc885906868cd51e6c2156698f2754f02d9eee1bae2d687323c3ca8e5aa
-F src/loadext.c be5af440f3192c58681b5d43167dbca3ccbfce394d89faa22378a14264781136
-F src/main.c 035be2e9ba2a0fc1701a8ab1880af3001a968a24556433538a6c073558ee4341
-F src/malloc.c 47b82c5daad557d9b963e3873e99c22570fb470719082c6658bf64e3012f7d23
+F src/loadext.c 7432c944ff197046d67a1207790a1b13eec4548c85a9457eb0896bb3641dfb36
+F src/main.c e1bc8864834697503d370d94613be945d05ca1c5ebdda43e7d5c8ee8c48d433c
+F src/malloc.c f016922435dc7d1f1f5083a03338a3e91f8c67ce2c5bdcfa4cdef62e612f5fcc
 F src/mem0.c 6a55ebe57c46ca1a7d98da93aaa07f99f1059645
-F src/mem1.c c12a42539b1ba105e3707d0e628ad70e611040d8f5e38cf942cee30c867083de
+F src/mem1.c 3bb59158c38e05f6270e761a9f435bf19827a264c13d1631c58b84bdc96d73b2
 F src/mem2.c c8bfc9446fd0798bddd495eb5d9dbafa7d4b7287d8c22d50a83ac9daa26d8a75
 F src/mem3.c 30301196cace2a085cbedee1326a49f4b26deff0af68774ca82c1f7c06fda4f6
 F src/mem5.c b7da5c10a726aacacc9ad7cdcb0667deec643e117591cc69cf9b4b9e7f3e96ff
 F src/memdb.c 559c42e61eb70cd6d4bc692b042497133c6d96c09a3d514d92f3dac72268e223
 F src/memjournal.c c283c6c95d940eb9dc70f1863eef3ee40382dbd35e5a1108026e7817c206e8a0
 F src/msvc.h 80b35f95d93bf996ccb3e498535255f2ef1118c78764719a7cd15ab4106ccac9
-F src/mutex.c 5e3409715552348732e97b9194abe92fdfcd934cfb681df4ba0ab87ac6c18d25
+F src/mutex.c 1b4c7e5e3621b510e0c18397210be27cd54c8084141144fbbafd003fde948e88
 F src/mutex.h a7b2293c48db5f27007c3bdb21d438873637d12658f5a0bf8ad025bb96803c4a
 F src/mutex_noop.c 9d4309c075ba9cc7249e19412d3d62f7f94839c4
-F src/mutex_unix.c dd2b3f1cc1863079bc1349ac0fec395a500090c4fe4e11ab775310a49f2f956d
-F src/mutex_w32.c caa50e1c0258ac4443f52e00fe8aaea73b6d0728bd8856bedfff822cae418541
-F src/notify.c 89a97dc854c3aa62ad5f384ef50c5a4a11d70fcc69f86de3e991573421130ed6
-F src/os.c 81c9c1c52eab711e27e33fd51fe5788488d3a02bc1a71439857abbee5d0d2c97
+F src/mutex_unix.c f7ee5a2061a4c11815a2bf4fc0e2bfa6fb8d9dc89390eb613ca0cec32fc9a3d1
+F src/mutex_w32.c 38b56d0bc8d54c17c20cbaaad3719b0c36b92fd07a7e34360d0c6a18d5589912
+F src/notify.c 57c2d1a2805d6dee32acd5d250d928ab94e02d76369ae057dee7d445fd64e878
+F src/os.c 509452169d5ea739723e213b8e2481cf0e587f0e88579a912d200db5269f5f6d
 F src/os.h 1ff5ae51d339d0e30d8a9d814f4b8f8e448169304d83a7ed9db66a65732f3e63
 F src/os_common.h 6c0eb8dd40ef3e12fe585a13e709710267a258e2c8dd1c40b1948a1d14582e06
 F src/os_kv.c 4d39e1f1c180b11162c6dc4aa8ad34053873a639bac6baae23272fc03349986a
 F src/os_setup.h 6011ad7af5db4e05155f385eb3a9b4470688de6f65d6166b8956e58a3d872107
-F src/os_unix.c 1b3ddb7814c4bf37f494c04d2ab30c1ced5b2c927267e1930ce7cd388787a96d
-F src/os_win.c 2b2411279f7b24f927591561303fc5871845732df42641cbf695c23640b16975
+F src/os_unix.c cb116fde9e3ca3c1bbfdf89d6928f776a2a34da168e2667426523a4db353b271
+F src/os_win.c 4a50a154aeebc66a1f8fb79c1ff6dd5fe3d005556533361e0d460d41cb6a45a8
 F src/os_win.h 7b073010f1451abe501be30d12f6bc599824944a
-F src/pager.c 45e2ef5e9eb5cc0138bcc32b5d2299479be80b206f621873f59149dfb517f496
-F src/pager.h f82e9844166e1585f5786837ddc7709966138ced17f568c16af7ccf946c2baa3
-F src/parse.y 146f9a1db7db5ef4299c6897d335e5abed348c2626190d2877d45ffa210fd4ca
-F src/pcache.c 8ee13acccfd9accbf0af94910b7323dd7f7d55300d92ddafcf40e34fcc8e21be
+F src/pager.c 699aab8dfc88056d796b03b40c0ab979040d58dfc3ae9db207f1be91e4880bbf
+F src/pager.h f4d33fec8052603758792045493423b8871a996da2d0973927b7d36cd6070473
+F src/parse.y 020d80386eb216ec9520549106353c517d2bbc89be28752ffdca649a9eaf56ec
+F src/pcache.c 040b165f30622a21b7a9a77c6f2e4877a32fb7f22d4c7f0d2a6fa6833a156a75
 F src/pcache.h 1497ce1b823cf00094bb0cf3bac37b345937e6f910890c626b16512316d3abf5
-F src/pcache1.c dee95e3cd2b61e6512dc814c5ab76d5eb36f0bfc9441dbb4260fccc0d12bbddc
-F src/pragma.c 26ed2cfdc5c12aa1c707178635709684960288cacc9cff9d491a38ff10e395f1
+F src/pcache1.c 602acb23c471bb8d557a6f0083cc2be641d6cafcafa19e481eba7ef4c9ca0f00
+F src/pragma.c b3b4ad9c0298d63098a067acca613c21a5f56b4d176d5842922bcd0b07b7164e
 F src/pragma.h e690a356c18e98414d2e870ea791c1be1545a714ba623719deb63f7f226d8bb7
-F src/prepare.c 6350675966bd0e7ac3a464af9dbfe26db6f0d4237f4e1f1acdb17b12ad371e6e
-F src/printf.c b9320cdbeca0b336c3f139fd36dd121e4167dd62b35fbe9ccaa9bab44c0af38d
+F src/prepare.c bde74add20fc0e8ce0c4e937a1f70a36d17413afe4f71d3e103f5cb74b17c8d9
+F src/printf.c 9da63b9ae1c14789bcae12840f5d800fd9302500cd2d62733fac77f0041b4750
 F src/random.c 606b00941a1d7dd09c381d3279a058d771f406c5213c9932bbd93d5587be4b9c
-F src/resolve.c 3e53e02ce87c9582bd7e7d22f13f4094a271678d9dc72820fa257a2abb5e4032
-F src/rowset.c ba9515a922af32abe1f7d39406b9d35730ed65efab9443dc5702693b60854c92
-F src/select.c 738c3a3d6929f8be66c319bad17f6b297bd60a4eb14006075c48a28487dc7786
-F src/shell.c.in 52836b4002a2cad8095b451f0c39a6542c23a231eb0ed5e39387bc8b1f7aaa9e
-F src/sqlite.h.in c14a4471fcd897a03631ac7ad3d05505e895e7b6419ec5b96cae9bc4df7a9fc6
+F src/resolve.c 31229276a8eb5b5de1428cd2d80f6f1cf8ffc5248be25e47cf575df12f1b8f23
+F src/rowset.c 8432130e6c344b3401a8874c3cb49fefe6873fec593294de077afea2dce5ec97
+F src/select.c a19daa26e95f7245106a31f288b2f50c72d1f2cc156703f04c8c91450e111515
+F src/shell.c.in 3e9371ca6a93294931a8ed8b098bc3cb15d57567aa9a1f2ade72db7f5c572795
+F src/sqlite.h.in ef0e41e83ad1ac0dcc9ec9939bf541a44b1c5de821bee2d6c61754c3252f3276
 F src/sqlite3.rc 5121c9e10c3964d5755191c80dd1180c122fc3a8
-F src/sqlite3ext.h da473ce2b3d0ae407a6300c4a164589b9a6bfdbec9462688a8593ff16f3bb6e4
-F src/sqliteInt.h a3ced8b9ebc573189c87b69f24bf10d2b9cd3cefefaae52623a2fa79e6fdd408
-F src/sqliteLimit.h d7323ffea5208c6af2734574bae933ca8ed2ab728083caa117c9738581a31657
+F src/sqlite3ext.h 3f046c04ea3595d6bfda99b781926b17e672fd6d27da2ba6d8d8fc39981dcb54
+F src/sqliteInt.h 567e317f8631883897b7d3da43fce778b7c30dd0dd7f714558c9725fc1c1196c
+F src/sqliteLimit.h 33b1c9baba578d34efe7dfdb43193b366111cdf41476b1e82699e14c11ee1fb6
 F src/status.c 160c445d7d28c984a0eae38c144f6419311ed3eace59b44ac6dafc20db4af749
 F src/table.c 0f141b58a16de7e2fbe81c308379e7279f4c6b50eb08efeec5892794a0ba30d1
-F src/tclsqlite.c 8522a04fb9c84faa1d80354430ae0ee9349727a3a4b32e3cfe39b9be8324cabd
-F src/test1.c 8eab61fb2813aa212d97ab188e85fc9ca7b89d9ff5ff05d59d9aa0c491a6c721
-F src/test2.c 827446e259a3b7ab949da1542953edda7b5117982576d3e6f1c24a0dd20a5cef
-F src/test3.c 61798bb0d38b915067a8c8e03f5a534b431181f802659a6616f9b4ff7d872644
+F src/tclsqlite.c ecbc3c99c0d0c3ed122a913f143026c26d38d57f33e06bb71185dd5c1efe37cd
+F src/test1.c f9620e8f0d0fa4edb239201a732c4dd1562f0cdd9741955c89332d49e14a5edd
+F src/test2.c 54520d0565ef2b9bf0f8f1dcac43dc4d06baf4ffe13d10905f8d8c3ad3e4b9ab
+F src/test3.c e5178558c41ff53236ae0271e9acb3d6885a94981d2eb939536ee6474598840e
 F src/test4.c 4533b76419e7feb41b40582554663ed3cd77aaa54e135cf76b3205098cd6e664
 F src/test5.c 328aae2c010c57a9829d255dc099d6899311672d
-F src/test6.c ae73a3a42bbc982fb9e301b84d30bda65a307be48c6dff20aba1461e17a9b0ce
-F src/test8.c 0c856d6ff6b0d2ff6696addc467a15ed17c6910f14475302cd5b3b4e54406161
+F src/test6.c e53bc69dc3cb3815fb74df74f38159ec05ba6dd5273216062e26bc797f925530
+F src/test8.c 303c2e3bcf7795e888810a7ef03809602b851f0ebec8d6e06a429ed85cafd9a2
 F src/test9.c 12e5ba554d2d1cbe0158f6ab3f7ffcd7a86ee4e5
 F src/test_async.c 195ab49da082053fdb0f949c114b806a49ca770a
 F src/test_autoext.c 915d245e736652a219a907909bb6710f0d587871
 F src/test_backup.c bf5da90c9926df0a4b941f2d92825a01bbe090a0
-F src/test_bestindex.c 68c62586d2ae9f032903fe53be743657d0c2aac0a850b880938b668e1161d516
+F src/test_bestindex.c f6af1e41cb7901edafb065a8198e4a0192dd42432b642d038965be5e628dec12
 F src/test_blob.c ae4a0620b478548afb67963095a7417cd06a4ec0a56adb453542203bfdcb31ce
 F src/test_btree.c 8b2dc8b8848cf3a4db93f11578f075e82252a274
-F src/test_config.c 8264637b06a3c1f0727c88d1ea32dcf7986b9e7e358a970cae87cdac8a5b2708
+F src/test_config.c f0cc1f517deaa96dd384822ae2bb91534fa56aa458528b439830d709941d3932
 F src/test_delete.c e2fe07646dff6300b48d49b2fee2fe192ed389e834dd635e3b3bac0ce0bf9f8f
 F src/test_demovfs.c 38a459d1c78fd9afa770445b224c485e079018d6ac07332ff9bd07b54d2b8ce9
-F src/test_devsym.c aff2255ea290d7718da08af30cdf18e470ff7325a5eff63e0057b1496ed66593
-F src/test_fs.c ba1e1dc18fd3159fdba0b9c4256f14032159785320dfbd6776eb9973cb75d480
+F src/test_devsym.c 649434ed34d0b03fbd5a6b42df80f0f9a7e53f94dd1710aad5dd8831e91c4e86
+F src/test_fs.c 56cc17e4fdc57efa61695026e2ba96e910b17060d7ee01d775ec048791522e2f
 F src/test_func.c 24df3a346c012b1fc9e1001d346db6054deb426db0a7437e92490630e71c9b0a
 F src/test_hexio.c 9478e56a0f08e07841a014a93b20e4ba2709ab56d039d1ca8020e26846aa19bd
-F src/test_init.c 4413c211a94b62157ca4c145b3f27c497f03c664
-F src/test_intarray.c 39b4181662a0f33a427748d87218e7578d913e683dc27eab7098bb41617cac71
-F src/test_intarray.h d57ae92f420cda25e22790dac474d60961bd0c500cbaa3338a05152d4a669ef7
+F src/test_init.c f2cc4774b7c9140f76e45ecbb2ae219f68e3acbbe248c0179db666a70eae9f08
+F src/test_intarray.c 26ffba666beb658d73cd925d9b4fb56913a3ca9aaeac122b3691436abb192b92
+F src/test_intarray.h 6c3534641108cd1bea517a8e117dcba237081310a29a4c35bd2190caa8972293
 F src/test_journal.c a0b9709b2f12b1ec819eea8a1176f283bca6d688a6d4a502bd6fd79786f4e287
 F src/test_loadext.c 337056bae59f80b9eb00ba82088b39d0f4fe6dfd
 F src/test_malloc.c 21121ea85b49ec0bdb69995847cef9036ef9beca3ce63bbb776e4ea2ecc44b97
-F src/test_md5.c 7268e1e8c399d4a5e181b64ac20e1e6f3bc4dd9fc87abac02db145a3d951fa8c
-F src/test_multiplex.c d8bc260a57c2028946a9bce9918d24e69e44cebd71ac6be240aa5b6b75e2b369
-F src/test_multiplex.h 5436d03f2d0501d04f3ed50a75819e190495b635
-F src/test_mutex.c abf486e91bd65e2448027d4bb505e7cce6ba110e1afb9bd348d1996961cadf0d
+F src/test_md5.c 0472c86d561f7f9e4ff94080100c2783196f50e583bb83375b759450c5b81802
+F src/test_multiplex.c 70479161239d65af2a231550b270e9d11ece717ad7bf0e13ef42206586e9dd7f
+F src/test_multiplex.h f0ff5b6f4462bfd46dac165d6375b9530d08089b7bcbe75e88e0926110db5363
+F src/test_mutex.c cd5bac43f2fd168f43c4326b1febe0966439217fac52afb270a6b8215f94cb40
 F src/test_onefile.c f31e52e891c5fef6709b9fcef54ce660648a34172423a9cbdf4cbce3ba0049f4
-F src/test_osinst.c d341f9d7613e007c8c3f7eba6cd307230047506aa8f97858c1fd21f5069616bd
-F src/test_pcache.c a5cd24730cb43c5b18629043314548c9169abb00
-F src/test_quota.c 6cb9297115b551f433a9ad1741817a9831abed99
+F src/test_osinst.c 8e11faf10f5d4df10d3450ecee0b8f4cfa2b62e0f341fafbeb480a08cefeaec4
+F src/test_pcache.c 3960cd2c1350adc992c4bf7adcfb0d1ac0574733012bd1a5f94e195928577599
+F src/test_quota.c ea44c05f29b995bdb71c55eb0c602604884e55681d59b7736e604bbcc68b0464
 F src/test_quota.h 2a8ad1952d1d2ca9af0ce0465e56e6c023b5e15d
 F src/test_rtree.c 671f3fae50ff116ef2e32a3bf1fe21b5615b4b7b
-F src/test_schema.c f5d6067dfc2f2845c4dd56df63e66ee826fb23877855c785f75cc2ca83fd0c1b
+F src/test_schema.c cbfd7a9a9b6b40d4377d0c76a6c5b2a58387385977f26edab4e77eb5f90a14ce
 F src/test_sqllog.c 540feaea7280cd5f926168aee9deb1065ae136d0bbbe7361e2ef3541783e187a
 F src/test_superlock.c 4839644b9201da822f181c5bc406c0b2385f672e
 F src/test_syscall.c 9fdb13b1df05e639808d44fcb8f6064aaded32b6565c00b215cfd05a060d1aca
 F src/test_tclsh.c 3ff5d188a72f00807425954ea3b493dfd3a4b890ecc6700ea83bad2fd1332ecf
-F src/test_tclvar.c 33ff42149494a39c5fbb0df3d25d6fafb2f668888e41c0688d07273dcb268dfc
+F src/test_tclvar.c 3273f9d59395b336e381b53cfc68ec6ebdaada4e93106a2e976ffb0550504e1c
 F src/test_thread.c 7ddcf0c8b79fa3c1d172f82f322302c963d923cdb503c6171f3c8081586d0b01
 F src/test_vdbecov.c f60c6f135ec42c0de013a1d5136777aa328a776d33277f92abac648930453d43
 F src/test_vfs.c 193c18da3dbf62a0e33ae7a240bbef938a50846672ee947664512b77d853fe81
-F src/test_vfstrace.c bab9594adc976cbe696ff3970728830b4c5ed698
+F src/test_vfstrace.c a2ea82df2ed8927e9eba49bdba1aa1aeb1dcb13dbf6558cff036da813031de9a
 F src/test_windirent.c a895e2c068a06644eef91a7f0a32182445a893b9a0f33d0cdb4283dca2486ac1
-F src/test_windirent.h 90dfbe95442c9762357fe128dc7ae3dc199d006de93eb33ba3972e0a90484215
+F src/test_windirent.h da2e5b73c32d09905fbdd00f27cd802212a32a58ead882736fe4f5eb775ebc50
 F src/test_window.c cdae419fdcea5bad6dcd9368c685abdad6deb59e9fc8b84b153de513d394ba3f
 F src/test_wsd.c 41cadfd9d97fe8e3e4e44f61a4a8ccd6f7ca8fe9
 F src/threads.c 4ae07fa022a3dc7c5beb373cf744a85d3c5c6c3c
-F src/tokenize.c 1305797eab3542a0896b552c6e7669c972c1468e11e92b370533c1f37a37082b
-F src/treeview.c fccf3b8c517c1f55cb380c1522febe6921fcb2bd800c16c78cab571d0eb0ccbd
-F src/trigger.c ad6ab9452715fa9a8075442e15196022275b414b9141b566af8cdb7a1605f2b0
-F src/update.c 3f4fb5ad7c9b48d7911974d6579192bb3a6c27f46140b6cbb9139cc8a77b8691
-F src/upsert.c 5303dc6c518fa7d4b280ec65170f465c7a70b7ac2b22491598f6d0b4875b3145
+F src/tokenize.c 23d9f4539880b40226254ad9072f4ecf12eb1902e62aea47aac29928afafcfd5
+F src/treeview.c 62fafcd31eea60b718f8daf448116b7b19f90134ebc6c20777ddbb07f56a3d28
+F src/trigger.c 0905b96b04bb6658509f711a8207287f1315cdbc3df1a1b13ba6483c8e341c81
+F src/update.c 6904814dd62a7a93bbb86d9f1419c7f134a9119582645854ab02b36b676d9f92
+F src/upsert.c fa125a8d3410ce9a97b02cb50f7ae68a2476c405c76aa692d3acf6b8586e9242
 F src/utf.c ee39565f0843775cc2c81135751ddd93eceb91a673ea2c57f61c76f288b041a0
-F src/util.c d4bcb560471cd94e6e17d448311f8d5bf81a7e5276295a53501058ef1b95dd1a
-F src/vacuum.c 84ce7f01f8a7a08748e107a441db83bcec13970190ddcb0c9ff522adbc1c23fd
-F src/vdbe.c fedd2dfa5165256c8e372f2ae9454c4a82cf60ce79a04dff80a86ab2116ea15a
-F src/vdbe.h 637ae853b7d42ae3951034cc63ab7c8af837861f79504cdb5399552fcd89a884
-F src/vdbeInt.h a4147a4ddf613cb1bcb555ace9e9e74a9c099d65facd88155f191b1fb4d74cfb
-F src/vdbeapi.c b4982cde547054c4f7341198db3c3008a48e1eb028f757601bf5bf2fc026cbcf
-F src/vdbeaux.c 6ee48db408d4c297a363f1e31145c09793a580e7c508bb36063dd017d67117a2
-F src/vdbeblob.c 2516697b3ee8154eb8915f29466fb5d4f1ae39ee8b755ea909cefaf57ec5e2ce
-F src/vdbemem.c 1cac4028c0dabbf1f3259f107440e2780e05ac9fe419e9709e6eb4e166ba714b
-F src/vdbesort.c 43756031ca7430f7aec3ef904824a7883c4ede783e51f280d99b9b65c0796e35
+F src/util.c b22cc9f203a8c0b9ee5338a67f8860347d14845864c10248bebe84518a781677
+F src/vacuum.c 604fcdaebe76f3497c855afcbf91b8fa5046b32de3045bab89cc008d68e40104
+F src/vdbe.c 14479441337135eed8e290fb1d4abb7db657d93217a3b1ea8a2f031d3895536a
+F src/vdbe.h 41485521f68e9437fdb7ec4a90f9d86ab294e9bb8281e33b235915e29122cfc0
+F src/vdbeInt.h 949669dfd8a41550d27dcb905b494f2ccde9a2e6c1b0b04daa1227e2e74c2b2c
+F src/vdbeapi.c fe654b1f54e1feebcaed6c2ae3ed035cc65bfeb9a1169bed866abc42bfc63ff6
+F src/vdbeaux.c dffcf79e7e415fcd6e4c8ac1ec7124cae5257018443adf09551c807655b04993
+F src/vdbeblob.c 13f9287b55b6356b4b1845410382d6bede203ceb29ef69388a4a3d007ffacbe5
+F src/vdbemem.c c936e9002af4993b84c4eb7133d6b1190efe46d391cc86117ecd67ba17b1a04b
+F src/vdbesort.c 237840ca1947511fa59bd4e18b9eeae93f2af2468c34d2427b059f896230a547
 F src/vdbetrace.c fe0bc29ebd4e02c8bc5c1945f1d2e6be5927ec12c06d89b03ef2a4def34bf823
-F src/vdbevtab.c aae4bd769410eb7e1d02c42613eec961d514459b1c3c1c63cfc84e92a137daac
-F src/vtab.c 4758a96d36c9a120848386ae603b1ab32a4876e0a1faf81bfcfb524455e583dc
+F src/vdbevtab.c 2143db7db0ceed69b21422581f434baffc507a08d831565193a7a02882a1b6a7
+F src/vtab.c 154725ebecd3bc02f7fbd7ad3974334f73fff76e02a964e828e48a7c5fb7efff
 F src/vxworks.h d2988f4e5a61a4dfe82c6524dd3d6e4f2ce3cdb9
-F src/wal.c 7a65f64bfe4a783c5e2df73ffb0efc383dec934dee9e3ac706b2eeb3631d17ac
-F src/wal.h c3aa7825bfa2fe0d85bef2db94655f99870a285778baa36307c0a16da32b226a
-F src/walker.c f890a3298418d7cba3b69b8803594fdc484ea241206a8dfa99db6dd36f8cbb3b
-F src/where.c b74a83b4c8f65b218c5c1c8d9122433f85ee1300fd9263ba1697d0e1040eeb36
-F src/whereInt.h e25203e5bfee149f5f1225ae0166cfb4f1e65490c998a024249e98bb0647377c
-F src/wherecode.c b300db0bcd84ad6c2642bf3f509f92fad7b7d697b9856b64dd66d692d184d054
-F src/whereexpr.c 22cf19b0ececeaf838daed1039c5231a8778784eba5ad67b991442a23473fd3f
-F src/window.c e075ea85bea322e30e361fa6e69eddba74f461e99e2a564dc09973f8a1fb27d9
+F src/wal.c 01e051a1e713d9eabdb25df38602837cec8f4c2cae448ce2cf6accc87af903e9
+F src/wal.h ba252daaa94f889f4b2c17c027e823d9be47ce39da1d3799886bbd51f0490452
+F src/walker.c 7c7ea0115345851c3da4e04e2e239a29983b61fb5b038b94eede6aba462640e2
+F src/where.c 313ce81270d2a414672370e1ee74e65949ad620519193d4cac2986d073cbc8a0
+F src/whereInt.h 4b38c5889514e3aead3f27d0ee9a26e47c3f150efc59e2a8b4e3bc8835e4d7a1
+F src/wherecode.c 5d77db30a2a3dd532492ae882de114edba2fae672622056b1c7fd61f5917a8f1
+F src/whereexpr.c dc5096eca5ed503999be3bdee8a90c51361289a678d396a220912e9cb73b3c00
+F src/window.c ad21e2b73ec75acc79dde2576c573f54a338b0c49e9de847ce984f9b9595b5e2
 F test/8_3_names.test ebbb5cd36741350040fd28b432ceadf495be25b2
 F test/affinity2.test ce1aafc86e110685b324e9a763eab4f2a73f737842ec3b687bd965867de90627
 F test/affinity3.test f094773025eddf31135c7ad4cde722b7696f8eb07b97511f98585addf2a510a9
 F test/aggerror.test a867e273ef9e3d7919f03ef4f0e8c0d2767944f2
 F test/aggfault.test 777f269d0da5b0c2524c7ff6d99ae9a93db4f1b1839a914dd2a12e3035c29829
-F test/aggnested.test 7269d07ac879fce161cb26c8fabe65cba5715742fac8a1fccac570dcdaf28f00
+F test/aggnested.test 2e738bfe2980df301a782f6e7bbf9459266f64f7e72f58f3b5c843bf897c568c
+F test/aggorderby.test e6b98dbbf3ababa96892435d387de2dcf602ef02c2b848d2d817473066f154ba
 F test/alias.test 4529fbc152f190268a15f9384a5651bbbabc9d87
 F test/all.test 2ecb8bbd52416642e41c9081182a8df05d42c75637afd4488aace78cc4b69e13
-F test/alter.test 313073774ab5c3f2ef1d3f0d03757c9d3a81284ae7e1b4a6ca34db088f886896
+F test/alter.test 403a7f8842457044a994d0ffb42963d6e84fcfbf5e8f54556063b25d966cd454
 F test/alter2.test a966ccfcddf9ce0a4e0e6ff1aca9e6e7948e0e242cd7e43fc091948521807687
 F test/alter3.test ffc4ab29ce78a3517a66afd69b2730667e3471622509c283b2bd4c46f680fba3
 F test/alter4.test 716caa071dd8a3c6d57225778d15d3c3cbf5e34b2e84ae44199aeb2bbf50a707
 F test/alterauth.test 63442ba61ceb0c1eeb63aac1f4f5cebfa509d352276059d27106ae256bafc959
 F test/alterauth2.test 48967abae0494d9a300d1c92473d99fcb66edfcc23579c89322f033f49410adc
-F test/altercol.test 8465ca659c2c55a359cf16cc261df4fcb5c45a5f104a50827c337ae66c09dc15
+F test/altercol.test 29fed774747777fbbaacdd865b4413ed2d0844a4c824f8af531b5c7d4a832087
 F test/altercorrupt.test 2e1d705342cf9d7de884518ddbb053fd52d7e60d2b8869b7b63b2fda68435c12
 F test/alterdropcol.test a653a3945f964d26845ec0cd0a8e74189f46de3119a984c5bc45457da392612e
 F test/alterdropcol2.test 527fce683b200d620f560f666c44ae33e22728e990a10a48a543280dfd4b4d41
@@ -748,14 +834,14 @@ F test/alterfault.test 289067108947bedca27534edd4ff251bcd298cf84402d7b24eaa37493
 F test/alterlegacy.test f38c6d06cda39e1f7b955bbce57f2e3ef5b7cb566d3d1234502093e228c15811
 F test/altermalloc.test 167a47de41b5c638f5f5c6efb59784002b196fff70f98d9b4ed3cd74a3fb80c9
 F test/altermalloc2.test 17fb3724c4b004c469c27dc4ef181608aa644555fbd3f3236767584f73747c81
-F test/altermalloc3.test 8531b3086f0a7889f43971a579a8c81832d5123f4703d8c86b89ba1136c63b9a
-F test/alterqf.test ff6c6f881485c29ed699b8ef4774864ca1b0c01a6c08f5cdd624a008e4b40fca
+F test/altermalloc3.test 8040e486368403f2fdd6fc3998258b499bd4cc2f3ddbb5f8f874cd436f076e81
+F test/alterqf.test 8ec03d776de9c391daa0078ea8f838903bdcfb11dfae4ba3576b48436834ccba
 F test/altertab.test 8a2712f9076da5012a002d0b5cc0a421398a5bf61c25bab41b77c427586a7a27
 F test/altertab2.test 62597b6fd08feaba1b6bfe7d31dac6117c67e06dc9ce9c478a3abe75b5926de0
 F test/altertab3.test 6c432fbb9963e0bd6549bf1422f6861d744ee5a80cb3298564e81e556481df16
-F test/altertrig.test fb5951d21a2c954be3b8a8cf8e10b5c0fa20687c53fd67d63cea88d08dd058d5
+F test/altertrig.test aacc980b657354fe2d3d4d3a004f07d04ccc1a93e5ef82d68a79088c274ddc6b
 F test/amatch1.test b5ae7065f042b7f4c1c922933f4700add50cdb9f
-F test/analyze.test 547bb700f903107b38611b014ca645d6b5bb819f5210d7bf39c40802aafeb7d7
+F test/analyze.test 2fb21d7d64748636384e6cb8998dbf83968caf644c07fcb4f76c18f2e7ede94b
 F test/analyze3.test 03f4b3d794760cf15da2d85a52df9bae300e51c8fefe9c36cfae1f86dc10d23f
 F test/analyze4.test 68bd069f3ac7ac1e652ddd9f04f57d5606ddb4208450f5297005db7aa0dd707d
 F test/analyze5.test fa5131952303ac4146aba101b116b9c8cb89e2637531c334a6df7f7d19dddc0d
@@ -774,7 +860,7 @@ F test/async2.test c0a9bd20816d7d6a2ceca7b8c03d3d69c28ffb8b
 F test/async3.test d73a062002376d7edc1fe3edff493edbec1fc2f7
 F test/async4.test 1787e3952128aa10238bf39945126de7ca23685a
 F test/async5.test 383ab533fdb9f7ad228cc99ee66e1acb34cc0dc0
-F test/atof1.test 1f24a6f16e44892848298bd8e488159d4a60cf47be003d32747a136103c9bbac
+F test/atof1.test f2765d7fdc1348ae58b279d096d301a208e46da623213877b2ba580dc2768975
 F test/atomic.test 065a453dde33c77ff586d91ccaa6ed419829d492dbb1a5694b8a09f3f9d7d061
 F test/atomic2.test b6863b4aa552543874f80b42fb3063f1c8c2e3d8e56b6562f00a3cc347b5c1da
 F test/atrc.c c388fac43dbba05c804432a7135ae688b32e8f25818e9994ffba4b64cf60c27c
@@ -791,7 +877,7 @@ F test/autoinc.test 997d6f185f138229dc4251583a1d04816423dddc2fc034871a01aeb1d728
 F test/autoindex1.test d34caffb0384003ee28eae87679214c029e9be4b332d9649a79e0b94ab70502c
 F test/autoindex2.test 12ef578928102baaa0dc23ad397601a2f4ecb0df
 F test/autoindex3.test dcd6b2f8bed2be67b131e2e671f892e971d934e24fd00988952d0e0a67e24aa7
-F test/autoindex4.test 5df39313526b6f22a26bd119bbd97ca69f28386ab3c671fc10568d921c41eb08
+F test/autoindex4.test 3c2105e9172920e26f950ba3c5823e4972190e022c1e6f260ba476b0af24c593
 F test/autoindex5.test 2ee94f033b87ca0160e08d81034c507aff8e230df2627f0304fa309b2fee19a3
 F test/autovacuum.test 00671369bbf96c6a49989a9425f5b78b94075d6a4b031e5e00000c2c32f365df
 F test/autovacuum2.test 76f7eb4fe6a6bf6d33a196a7141dba98886d2fb53a268d7feca285d5da4759d7
@@ -817,8 +903,9 @@ F test/bestindex5.test a0c90b2dad7836e80a01379e200e5f8ec9476d49b349af02c0dbff2fb
 F test/bestindex6.test 16942535b551273f3ad9df8d7cc4b7f22b1fcd8882714358859eb049a6f99dd4
 F test/bestindex7.test f094c669a6400777f4d2ddc3ed28e39169f1adb5be3d59b55f22ccf8c414b71e
 F test/bestindex8.test 333ad8c6a554b885a49b68c019166eda92b05f493a92b36b0acdf7f766d04dad
-F test/bestindex9.test bf2eb8556e8d5c00ef3ee18c521751cd03c1b55454b6e7683b4c6742e3131b23
-F test/bestindexA.test dd7b7439a46169b45d0305c4cbbb14fc20c7044acc2055c767d2f838b3479c3f
+F test/bestindex9.test 1a4b93db117fd8abe74ae9be982f86aa72f01e60cd4ac541e6ede39673a451a0
+F test/bestindexA.test e1b5def6b190797cacf008e6815ffb78fb30261999030d60a728d572eef44c7f
+F test/bestindexB.test 328b97b69cd1a20928d5997f9ecb04d2e00f1d18e19ab27f9e9adb44d7bc51ce
 F test/between.test b9a65fb065391980119e8a781a7409d3fcf059d89968279c750e190a9a1d5263
 F test/bigfile.test aa74f4e5db51c8e54a1d9de9fa65d01d1eb20b59
 F test/bigfile2.test 1b489a3a39ae90c7f027b79110d6b4e1dbc71bfc
@@ -856,8 +943,8 @@ F test/capi3e.test 3d49c01ef2a1a55f41d73cba2b23b5059ec460fe
 F test/carray01.test 23ed7074307c4a829ba5ff2970993a9d87db7c5cdbbe1a2cbef672d0df6d6e31
 F test/cast.test af2286fdd28f3470b7dcad23977282b8cc117747ad55acff74a770dad3b19398
 F test/cffault.test 9d6b20606afe712374952eec4f8fd74b1a8097ef
-F test/changes.test 9dd8e597d84072122fc8a4fcdea837f4a54a461e6e536053ea984303e8ca937b
-F test/changes2.test d222c0cbf5ab0ac4d7c180594e486c1bf20b2098d33e56ce33b8e12eba6823b9
+F test/changes.test 4377d202a487f66fc2822c1bf57c46798c8b2caf7446f4f701723b1dbb6b86f6
+F test/changes2.test 07949edcc732af28cb54276bfb7d99723bccc1e905a423648bf57ac5cb0dc792
 F test/check.test 56e4ed457e9f8683b9fc56f5b964f461f6e8a8dd5a13f3d495408215d66419ed
 F test/checkfault.test da6cb3d50247169efcb20bdf57863a3ccfa1d27d9e55cd324f0680096970f014
 F test/chunksize.test 427d87791743486cbf0c3b8c625002f3255cb3a89c6eba655a98923b1387b760
@@ -883,7 +970,7 @@ F test/conflict2.test 5557909ce683b1073982f5d1b61dfb1d41e369533bfdaf003180c5bc87
 F test/conflict3.test 81865d9599609aca394fb3b9cd5f561d4729ea5b176bece3644f6ecb540f88ac
 F test/contrib01.test 2a1cbc0f2f48955d7d073f725765da6fbceda6b4
 F test/corrupt.test d7cb0300e4a297147b6a05e92a1684bc8973635c3bcaa3d66e983c9cbdbf47a3
-F test/corrupt2.test 6e0c1e1c2ff4bedde4bc73f16250d74ae5b3d9ece086640ce88b9a94620ba993
+F test/corrupt2.test 9745c55b3ff2d84d9b6dc4f7365f91a99e70d90f3127ebc97ff0549c418e4d3d
 F test/corrupt3.test 6a982535d52c8165654cbc79a043cfd0bf02495a5efbf4754295e056fc548539
 F test/corrupt4.test b5ae41607e8d17d9c1f3e94fdb572ce061ed3beeebdb46fb3a348181b8c8a097
 F test/corrupt5.test 387be3250795e2a86e6234745558b80efb248a357d0cd8e53bce75c7463f545d
@@ -902,7 +989,7 @@ F test/corruptH.test 79801d97ec5c2f9f3c87739aa1ec2eb786f96454
 F test/corruptI.test 9d8cbf6214e492abe9e822e759b9751ae336cec0a6fe3ff3b37bfbd8ff9c22ca
 F test/corruptJ.test 4d5ccc4bf959464229a836d60142831ef76a5aa4
 F test/corruptK.test 5b4212fe346699831c5ad559a62c54e11c0611bdde1ea8423a091f9c01aa32af
-F test/corruptL.test b42978028afc5eefc8b51d8d7cd6a9344ba7362d7ed4511ee2070f56e06d5a1c
+F test/corruptL.test 504d90502d9993440226edc355d2275524b89064ea3df5ee5c27f7028ec59d07
 F test/corruptM.test 7d574320e08c1b36caa3e47262061f186367d593a7e305d35f15289cc2c3e067
 F test/corruptN.test 7c099d153a554001b4fb829c799b01f2ea6276cbc32479131e0db0da4efd9cc4
 F test/cost.test b11cdbf9f11ffe8ef99c9881bf390e61fe92baf2182bad1dbe6de59a7295c576
@@ -926,19 +1013,20 @@ F test/ctime.test 340f362f41f92972bbd71f44e10569a5cc694062b692231bd08aa6fe6c1c47
 F test/cursorhint.test 05cf0febe5c5f8a31f199401fd1c9322249e753950d55f26f9d5aca61408a270
 F test/cursorhint2.test 6f3aa9cb19e7418967a10ec6905209bcbb5968054da855fc36c8beee9ae9c42f
 F test/dataversion1.test 6e5e86ac681f0782e766ebcb56c019ae001522d114e0e111e5ebf68ccf2a7bb8
-F test/date.test 1d44557f668298b10d3335b22ab8feb133267b67ec4d85538908fe4dfebd2611
+F test/date.test c0d17cdfd89395bc78087b131e3538d96f864b5029c335318011accc7c0d0934
 F test/date2.test 7e12ec14aaf4d5e6294b4ba140445b0eca06ea50062a9c3a69c4ee13d0b6f8b1
 F test/date3.test a1b77abf05c6772fe5ca2337cac1398892f2a41e62bce7e6be0f4a08a0e64ae5
+F test/date4.test 8aeb3de5b5e9fda968baa9357e4c0fae573724b7904943410195a19e96e31b6a
 F test/dbdata.test 042f49acff3438f940eeba5868d3af080ae64ddf26ae78f80c92bec3ca7d8603
 F test/dbfuzz.c 73047c920d6210e5912c87cdffd9a1c281d4252e
-F test/dbfuzz001.test 55e1a3504f8dea84155e09912fe3b1c3ad77e0b1a938ec42ca03b8e51b321e30
+F test/dbfuzz001.test 6c9a4622029d69dc38926f115864b055cb2f39badd25ec22cbfb130c8ba8e9c3
 F test/dbfuzz2-seed1.db e6225c6f3d7b63f9c5b6867146a5f329d997ab105bee64644dc2b3a2f2aebaee
 F test/dbfuzz2.c 4b3c12de4d98b1b2d908ab03d217d4619e47c8b23d5e67f8a6f2b1bdee7cae23
 F test/dbpage.test fce29035c7566fd7835ec0f19422cb4b9c6944ce0e1b936ff8452443f92e887d
-F test/dbpagefault.test d9111a62f3601d3efc6841ace3940181937342d245f92a1cca6cba8206d4f58a
+F test/dbpagefault.test 35f06cfb2ef100a9b19d25754e8141b9cba9b7daabd4c60fa5af93fcce884435
 F test/dbstatus.test 4a4221a883025ffd39696b3d1b3910b928fb097d77e671351acb35f3aed42759
 F test/dbstatus2.test f5fe0afed3fa45e57cfa70d1147606c20d2ba23feac78e9a172f2fe8ab5b78ef
-F test/decimal.test fcf403fd5585f47342234e153c4a4338cd737b8e0884ac66fc484df47dbcf1a7
+F test/decimal.test ef731887b43ee32ef86e1c8fddb61a40789f988332c029c601dcf2c319277e9e
 F test/default.test 9687cfb16717e4b8238c191697c98be88c0b16e568dd5368cd9284154097ef50
 F test/delete.test 2686e1c98d552ef37d79ad55b17b93fe96fad9737786917ce3839767f734c48f
 F test/delete2.test 3a03f2cca1f9a67ec469915cb8babd6485db43fa
@@ -951,7 +1039,7 @@ F test/descidx3.test 953c831df7ea219c73826dfbf2f6ee02d95040725aa88ccb4fa43d1a199
 F test/diskfull.test 106391384780753ea6896b7b4f005d10e9866b6e
 F test/distinct.test 691c9e850b0d0b56b66e7e235453198cb4cf0760e324b7403d3c5abbeab0a014
 F test/distinct2.test bb71cc7b5e58e895787f9910a788c254f679928d324732d063fe9bc202ecbe71
-F test/distinctagg.test 14ec5026e684eddd414c61c08692b43773e224ac92efbed6ec08c6994bc39723
+F test/distinctagg.test ad2b4cf1483cd4cf24867dfafbfa0abb61184d92085fcc9784cea0592b278d64
 F test/e_blobbytes.test 4c01dfe4f12087b92b20705a3fdfded45dc4ed16d5a211fed4e1d2786ba68a52
 F test/e_blobclose.test 692fc02a058476c2222a63d97e3f3b2b809c1842e5525ded7f854d540ac2e075
 F test/e_blobopen.test 29f6055ee453b8e679fe9570c4d3acfedbef821622c5dad16875148c5952ef50
@@ -961,13 +1049,13 @@ F test/e_createtable.test 31b9bcb6ac8876bc7ec342d86d9c231a84c62b442093a6651dfd0f
 F test/e_delete.test ab39084f26ae1f033c940b70ebdbbd523dc4962e
 F test/e_droptrigger.test 235c610f8bf8ec44513e222b9085c7e49fad65ad0c1975ac2577109dd06fd8fa
 F test/e_dropview.test 74e405df7fa0f762e0c9445b166fe03955856532e2bb234c372f7c51228d75e7
-F test/e_expr.test 27e905ed17266c745bffe65f56b809c13ae6e225e56aeda1aaec926b32439286
+F test/e_expr.test b950818a48269506d75a41c819003bd77a0893bc4a4f2fdee191bc74109c1a87
 F test/e_fkey.test feeba6238aeff9d809fb6236b351da8df4ae9bda89e088e54526b31a0cbfeec5
 F test/e_fts3.test 17ba7c373aba4d4f5696ba147ee23fd1a1ef70782af050e03e262ca187c5ee07
 F test/e_insert.test f02f7f17852b2163732c6611d193f84fc67bc641fb4882c77a464076e5eba80e
 F test/e_reindex.test 2b0e29344497d9a8a999453a003cb476b6b1d2eef2d6c120f83c2d3a429f3164
 F test/e_resolve.test a61751c368b109db73df0f20fc75fb47e166b1d8
-F test/e_select.test 89fa483f68d868f1be3d6f56180ed42d979979c266e051bf8b5e66a251e6b44a
+F test/e_select.test 327a15f14068bbd6f647cedc67210f8680fcb2f05e481a0a855fccd2abfa1292
 F test/e_select2.test aceb80ab927d46fba5ce7586ebabf23e2bb0604f
 F test/e_totalchanges.test c927f7499dc3aa28b9b556b7d6d115a2f0fe41f012b128d16bf1f3b30e9b41e4
 F test/e_update.test f46c2554d915c9197548681e8d8c33a267e84528
@@ -1000,7 +1088,7 @@ F test/filectrl.test 6e871c2d35dead1d9a88e176e8d2ca094fec6bb3
 F test/filefmt.test f393e80c4b8d493b7a7f8f3809a8425bbf4292af1f5140f01cb1427798a2bbd4
 F test/filter1.test 590f8ba9a0cd0823b80d89ac75c5ce72276189cef9225d2436adaf1ee87f3727
 F test/filter2.tcl 44e525497ce07382915f01bd29ffd0fa49dab3adb87253b5e5103ba8f93393e8
-F test/filter2.test 485cf95d1f6d6ceee5632201ca52a71868599836f430cdee42e5f7f14666e30a
+F test/filter2.test 3cc20eaea2ea1ab245197cc4a62468deb460b78f5aa9bd7d5d3353c2fe569bae
 F test/filterfault.test c08fb491d698e8df6c122c98f7db1c65ffcfcad2c1ab0e07fa8a5be1b34eaa8b
 F test/fkey1.test e563bcb4cb108ce3f40363cda4f84009dc89a39e2973076e5057ba99fca35378
 F test/fkey2.test 1063d65e5923c054cfb8f0555a92a3ae0fa8c067275a33ee1715bd856cdb304c
@@ -1013,41 +1101,9 @@ F test/fkey8.test 51deda7f1a1448bca95875e4a6e1a3a75b4bd7215e924e845bd60de60e4d84
 F test/fkey_malloc.test 594a7ea1fbab553c036c70813cd8bd9407d63749
 F test/fordelete.test ba98f14446b310f9c9d935b97ec748753d0144a28b356ba30d1f4f6958fdde5c
 F test/format4.test eeae341953db8b6bda7f549044797c3278a6cc345d11ada81471671b654f8ef4
+F test/fp-speed-1.c ca95152d579530c967240ead1387dc1208052d310dfa22bc9ebded56d4e6c026
+F test/fpconv1.test d5d8aa0c427533006c112fb1957cdd1ea68c1d0709470dabb9ca02c2e4c06ad8
 F test/fts-9fd058691.test 78b887e30ae6816df0e1fed6259de4b5a64ad33c
-F test/fts1a.test 46090311f85da51bb33bd5ce84f7948359c6d8d7
-F test/fts1b.test 5d8a01aefbecc8b7442b36c94c05eb7a845462d5
-F test/fts1c.test 85a525ce7428907469b4cce13d5563ce542ce64c
-F test/fts1d.test a73deace5c18df4a549b12908bade4f05dcf1a2f
-F test/fts1e.test 77244843e925560b5a0b70069c3e7ab62f181ed2
-F test/fts1f.test 2d6cb10d8b7a4e6edc321bbdb3982f1f48774714
-F test/fts1i.test 6bfe08cdfdced063a39a50c8601da65e6274d879
-F test/fts1j.test e3797475796043a161e348c46a309664cac83f7f
-F test/fts1k.test 65d3b41487b9f738d11b0f00eca375c0ca6bd970
-F test/fts1l.test 15c119ed2362b2b28d5300c0540a6a43eab66c36
-F test/fts1m.test 2d9ca67b095d49f037a914087cc0a61e89da4f0c
-F test/fts1n.test a2317dcd27b1d087ee3878b30e0a59c593c98b7a
-F test/fts1o.test d1554caede42bba2c82fe613bcc921856c196b752449ead0470fac52a20fd3b8
-F test/fts1porter.test d86e9c3e0c7f8ff95add6582b4b585fb4e02b96d
-F test/fts2.test e3fb95f96a650411574efc136f3fb10eef479ed7
-F test/fts2a.test 473a5c8b473a4e21a8e3fddaed1e59666e0c6ab7
-F test/fts2b.test 964abc0236c849c07ca1ae496bb25c268ae94816
-F test/fts2c.test ffb5a35230ac72c4354535c547965ce6824537c0
-F test/fts2d.test b7eaa671ca9a16997f3e5b158ee777ae21052b0b
-F test/fts2e.test 2da13dbc2d009105f42196845c1e1ce136c03d38
-F test/fts2f.test cf84096235991709c1e61caa389632aa0a4f976d
-F test/fts2g.test 3d26fe171bda6133ebf5a380731d70eaa2ef2f6f73d79769cf8946e622b6d597
-F test/fts2h.test 223af921323b409d4b5b18ff4e51619541b174bb
-F test/fts2i.test 1b22451d1f13f7c509baec620dc3a4a754885dd6
-F test/fts2j.test 298fa1670aa21cd445b282d139b70c72e7ade12b
-F test/fts2k.test c7ebf4a4937594aa07459e3e1bca1251c1be8659
-F test/fts2l.test 3333336621524cf7d60bb62d6ef6ab69647866ed
-F test/fts2m.test 4b30142ead6f3ed076e880a2a464064c5ad58c51
-F test/fts2n.test 12b9c5352128cebd1c6b8395e43788d4b09087c2
-F test/fts2o.test 4054ac7433eb5440f1b1d200cfa449342dc4aabd991759139813e17c73e5bf9a
-F test/fts2p.test 4b48c35c91e6a7dbf5ac8d1e5691823cc999aafb
-F test/fts2q.test b2fbbe038b7a31a52a6079b215e71226d8c6a682
-F test/fts2r.test b154c30b63061d8725e320fba1a39e2201cadd5e
-F test/fts2token.test d8070b241a15ff13592a9ae4a8b7c171af6f445a
 F test/fts3.test 672a040ea57036fb4b6fdc09027c18d7d24ab654
 F test/fts3_common.tcl dffad248f9ce090800e272017d2898005c28ee6314fc1dd5550643a02666907a
 F test/fts3aa.test 814d60a1ba30b4a71d8f9306a6564bc7b636dd6efacd2ad80306f9b23ef3ebee
@@ -1072,11 +1128,11 @@ F test/fts3aux2.test 2459e7fa3e22734aed237d1e2ae192f5541c4d8b218956ad2d90754977b
 F test/fts3b.test c15c4a9d04e210d0be67e54ce6a87b927168fbf9c1e3faec8c1a732c366fd491
 F test/fts3c.test fc723a9cf10b397fdfc2b32e73c53c8b1ec02958
 F test/fts3comp1.test a0f5b16a2df44dd0b15751787130af2183167c0c
-F test/fts3conf.test c84bbaec81281c1788aa545ac6e78a6bd6cde2bdbbce2da261690e3659f5a76b
+F test/fts3conf.test c9cd45433b6787d48a43e84949aa2eb8b3b3d242bac7276731c1476290d31f29
 F test/fts3corrupt.test 6732477c5ace050c5758a40a8b5706c8c0cccd416b9c558e0e15224805a40e57
 F test/fts3corrupt2.test e318f0676e5e78d5a4b702637e2bb25265954c08a1b1e4aaf93c7880bb0c67d0
 F test/fts3corrupt3.test 0d5b69a0998b4adf868cc301fc78f3d0707745f1d984ce044c205cdb764b491f
-F test/fts3corrupt4.test 589e043d1114ea02c83530e459ef5c2d6adce63094e72826ed3bceb02e795116
+F test/fts3corrupt4.test 48bd57baed9654e511709a02dbef2d22ee54c012ad466e8648f0f825233faa08
 F test/fts3corrupt5.test 0549f85ec4bd22e992f645f13c59b99d652f2f5e643dac75568bfd23a6db7ed5
 F test/fts3corrupt6.test f417c910254f32c0bc9ead7affa991a1d5aec35b3b32a183ffb05eea78289525
 F test/fts3cov.test 7eacdbefd756cfa4dc2241974e3db2834e9b372ca215880e00032222f32194cf
@@ -1095,8 +1151,9 @@ F test/fts3expr5.test a5b9a053becbdb8e973fbf4d6d3abaabeb42d511d1848bd57931f3e0a1
 F test/fts3f.test 8c438d5e1cab526b0021988fb1dc70cf3597b006a33ffd6c955ee89929077fe3
 F test/fts3fault.test f4e1342acfe6d216a001490e8cd52afac1f9ffe4a11bbcdcb296129a45c5df45
 F test/fts3fault2.test 7b2741e5095367238380b0fcdb837f36c24484c7a5f353659b387df63cf039ec
+F test/fts3fault3.test 4a39a1618546776255dc1de306213b600aef87eca589ca8428a70c00fd11961b
 F test/fts3first.test dbdedd20914c8d539aa3206c9b34a23775644641
-F test/fts3fuzz001.test e3c7b0ce9b04cc02281dcc96812a277f02df03cd7dc082055d87e11eb18aaf56
+F test/fts3fuzz001.test c78afcd8ad712ea0b8d2ed50851a8aab3bc9dc52c64a536291e07112f519357c
 F test/fts3join.test 1a4d786539b2b79a41c28ef2ac22cacd92a8ee830249b68a7dee4a020848e3bb
 F test/fts3malloc.test b0e4c133b8d61d4f6d112d8110f8320e9e453ef6
 F test/fts3matchinfo.test aa66cc50615578b30f6df9984819ae5b702511cf8a94251ec7c594096a703a4a
@@ -1117,15 +1174,16 @@ F test/fts3tok1.test a663f4cac22a9505400bc22aacb818d7055240409c28729669ea7d4cc21
 F test/fts3tok_err.test 52273cd193b9036282f7bacb43da78c6be87418d
 F test/fts3varint.test 0b84a3fd4eba8a39f3687523804d18f3b322e6d4539a55bf342079c3614f2ada
 F test/fts4aa.test 0e6bfd6a81695a39b23e448dda25d864e63dda75bde6949c45ddc95426c6c3f5
-F test/fts4check.test 6259f856604445d7b684c9b306b2efb6346834c3f50e8fc4a59a2ca6d5319ad0
+F test/fts4check.test f0ea5e5581951d8ef7a341eea14486daf6c5f516a2f3273b0d5e8cb8a6cd3bd2
 F test/fts4content.test 73bbb123420d2c46ef2fb3b24761e9acdb78b0877179d3a5d7d57aada08066f6
 F test/fts4docid.test e33c383cfbdff0284685604d256f347a18fdbf01
 F test/fts4growth.test 289833c34ad45a5e6e6133b53b6a71647231fb89d36ddcb8d9c87211b6721d7f
 F test/fts4growth2.test 13ad4e76451af6e6906c95cdc725d01b00044269
 F test/fts4incr.test 4e353a0bd886ea984e56fce9e77724fc923b8d0d
-F test/fts4langid.test 89e623218935507bca69d076ca254a7a8969dfc681c282b6374feaea8c7de784
+F test/fts4intck1.test 43774c641fdf6607c6ee90c3db8af065a37434d55d6eaf13bafe515e8b0c5729
+F test/fts4langid.test 4be912f42454998e239a2e877600263e0394afbaba03e06cedcc5a08693a345a
 F test/fts4lastrowid.test 185835895948d5325c7710649824042373b2203149abe8024a9319d25234dfd7
-F test/fts4merge.test e2b2ec21e287d54ec09824ccfb41e66896eeca568fc818ba0e0eb2efd94c35d2
+F test/fts4merge.test 57d093660a5093ae6e9fbd2d17592a88b45bbd66db2703c4b640b28828dbe38b
 F test/fts4merge2.test 5faa558d1b672f82b847d2a337465fa745e46891
 F test/fts4merge3.test 8d9ccb4a3d41c4c617a149d6c4b13ad02de797d0
 F test/fts4merge4.test 66fce89934cd9508cbdc67de486558c34912ffb2e8ffe5c9a1bbb9b8a4408ba7
@@ -1140,7 +1198,7 @@ F test/fts4umlaut.test fcaca4471de7e78c9d1f7e8976e3e8704d7d8ad979d57a739d00f3f75
 F test/fts4unicode.test 82a9c16b68ba2f358a856226bb2ee02f81583797bc4744061c54401bf1a0f4c9
 F test/fts4upfrom.test f25835162c989dffd5e2ef91ec24c4848cc9973093e2d492d1c7b32afac1b49d
 F test/full.test 6b3c8fb43c6beab6b95438c1675374b95fab245d
-F test/func.test 4be8bed4be235e333f1e0ea31e32f5be3c9f456c30780363e7fcb15e3ff3e6bc
+F test/func.test 3a29323b640c0552f6e9f1577407ced3a68e7d8c0bc04b61dd6040fa593a3a02
 F test/func2.test 772d66227e4e6684b86053302e2d74a2500e1e0f
 F test/func3.test 600a632c305a88f3946d38f9a51efe145c989b2e13bd2b2a488db47fe76bab6a
 F test/func4.test 2285fb5792d593fef442358763f0fd9de806eda47dbc7a5934df57ffdc484c31
@@ -1148,6 +1206,7 @@ F test/func5.test 863e6d1bd0013d09c17236f8a13ea34008dd857d87d85a13a673960e4c25d8
 F test/func6.test 9cc9b1f43b435af34fe1416eb1e318c8920448ea7a6962f2121972f5215cb9b0
 F test/func7.test adbfc910385a6ffd15dc47be3c619ef070c542fcb7488964badb17b2d9a4d080
 F test/func8.test c4e2ecacf9f16e47a245e7a25fbabcc7e78f9c7c41a80f158527cdfdc6dd299d
+F test/func9.test b32d313f679aa9698d52f39519d301c3941823cb72b4e23406c210eadd82c824
 F test/fuzz-oss1.test 514dcabb24687818ea949fa6760229eaacad74ca70157743ef36d35bbe01ffb0
 F test/fuzz.test 4608c1310cff4c3014a84bcced6278139743e080046e5f6784b0de7b069371d8
 F test/fuzz2.test 76dc35b32b6d6f965259508508abce75a6c4d7e1
@@ -1155,21 +1214,21 @@ F test/fuzz3.test 9c813e6613b837cb7a277b0383cd66bfa07042b4cf0317157c35852f30043c
 F test/fuzz4.test c229bcdb45518a89e1d208a21343e061503460ac69fae1539320a89f572eb634
 F test/fuzz_common.tcl b7197de6ed1ee8250a4f82d67876f4561b42ee8cbbfc6160dcb66331bad3f830
 F test/fuzz_malloc.test f348276e732e814802e39f042b1f6da6362a610af73a528d8f76898fde6b22f2
-F test/fuzzcheck.c 0d90cee9fd7ebecdfbdbe5bdc6fad92fa32410c48ccad747cd9e0ac603b9130c
+F test/fuzzcheck.c 69b8549e112fb815931a8c14c7955a0c407ae91a79356eecb82458384f2cb989
 F test/fuzzdata1.db 3e86d9cf5aea68ddb8e27c02d7dfdaa226347426c7eb814918e4d95475bf8517
 F test/fuzzdata2.db 128b3feeb78918d075c9b14b48610145a0dd4c8d6f1ca7c2870c7e425f5bf31f
 F test/fuzzdata3.db c6586d3e3cef0fbc18108f9bb649aa77bfc38aba
 F test/fuzzdata4.db b502c7d5498261715812dd8b3c2005bad08b3a26e6489414bd13926cd3e42ed2
 F test/fuzzdata5.db e35f64af17ec48926481cfaf3b3855e436bd40d1cfe2d59a9474cb4b748a52a5
-F test/fuzzdata6.db 92a80e4afc172c24f662a10a612d188fb272de4a9bd19e017927c95f737de6d7
+F test/fuzzdata6.db b8725a5f5cf7a3b7241a9038e57ca7e7cc8c3f4d86b44bd770617bda245ab2b0
 F test/fuzzdata7.db 0166b56fd7a6b9636a1d60ef0a060f86ddaecf99400a666bb6e5bbd7199ad1f2
-F test/fuzzdata8.db f6c2f2af4deaaae0ddb3310d509c2659990794aa653dc501b80a0534c3493f80
+F test/fuzzdata8.db 4a53b6d077c6a5c23b609d8d3ac66996fa55ba3f8d02f9b6efdd0214a767a35a
 F test/fuzzer1.test 3d4c4b7e547aba5e5511a2991e3e3d07166cfbb8
 F test/fuzzer2.test a85ef814ce071293bce1ad8dffa217cbbaad4c14
 F test/fuzzerfault.test f64c4aef4c9e9edf1d6dc0d3f1e65dcc81e67c996403c88d14f09b74807a42bc
 F test/fuzzinvariants.c b34530e8431f2cf3591eff588fc7684d6fdef466916fb46141c8c5374a3d8099
-F test/gcfault.test dd28c228a38976d6336a3fc42d7e5f1ad060cb8c
-F test/gencol1.test aef8b0670abd4b1ae4cae786b15a43758d86f6cd9f12b381d45d96bb51e597c9
+F test/gcfault.test 4ea410ac161e685f17b19e1f606f58514a2850e806c65b846d05f60d436c5b0d
+F test/gencol1.test e169bdfa11c7ed5e9f322a98a7db3afe9e66235750b68c923efee8e1876b46ec
 F test/genesis.tcl 1e2e2e8e5cc4058549a154ff1892fe5c9de19f98
 F test/having.test a89236dd8d55aa50c4805f82ac9daf64d477a44d712d8209c118978d0ca21ec9
 F test/hexlit.test 4a6a5f46e3c65c4bf1fa06f5dd5a9507a5627751
@@ -1205,6 +1264,7 @@ F test/index6.test b376a648e85aa71c50074382784e6cb0c126ec46e43d1ad15af9a4d234c52
 F test/index7.test b238344318e0b4e42126717f6554f0e7dfd0b39cecad4b736039b43e1e3b6eb3
 F test/index8.test caa097735c91dbc23d8a402f5e63a2a03c83840ba3928733ed7f9a03f8a912a3
 F test/index9.test 2ac891806a4136ef3e91280477e23114e67575207dc331e6797fa0ed9379f997
+F test/indexA.test 11d84f6995e6e5b9d8315953fb1b6d29772ee7c7803ee9112715e7e4dd3e4974
 F test/indexedby.test f21eca4f7a6ffe14c8500a7ad6cd53166666c99e5ccd311842a28bc94a195fe0
 F test/indexexpr1.test 62558b1cfd7ccbe7bc015849cc6d1a13ef124e80cbd5b3a98dc66c3c9cce0cf4
 F test/indexexpr2.test 1c382e81ef996d8ae8b834a74f2a9013dddf59214c32201d7c8a656d739f999a
@@ -1235,41 +1295,41 @@ F test/join.test f7abfef3faeaf2800308872e33a57e5b6e4a2b44fb8c6b90c6068412e71a6cf
 F test/join2.test 8561fe82ce434ac96de91544072e578dc2cadddf2d9bc9cd802f866a9b92502e
 F test/join3.test 6f0c774ff1ba0489e6c88a3e77b9d3528fb4fda0
 F test/join4.test 1a352e4e267114444c29266ce79e941af5885916
-F test/join5.test 91f1f4c7d81fd87b58e9ba7cf4a2b5d39e3583b4f8e498a162722a60259c5208
+F test/join5.test 7cc3f3595bb41e60f3f96d5cb6dd8cfcbc31212f0136bba6fc081c082994a94a
 F test/join6.test f809c025fa253f9e150c0e9afd4cef8813257bceeb6f46e04041228c9403cc2c
 F test/join7.test 2268dcbb54b724391dda3748ea95c60d960607ffeed67885675998e7117697f6
 F test/join8.test d384d63985e3991c404afccadaf3efd1cdf9cd72680167f80e3cb80b95c18c68
 F test/join9.test 9056ddd3b0c0f4f9d658f4521038d9a37dc23ead8ca9a505d0b0db2b6a471e05
-F test/joinA.test 7eab225dc1c1ab258a5e62513a4ed7cabbd3db971d59d5d92f4fb6fa14c12f6a
+F test/joinA.test 6ac4efdbb1eb9ca398162c5bc5623a757803b04bb4d76453c8563a0bdc2f73bd
 F test/joinB.test 1b2ba3fc8568b49411787fccbf540570c148e9b6a53a30f80691cb6268098ded
 F test/joinC.test 1f1a602c2127f55f136e2cbd3bf2d26546614bf8cffe5902ec1ac9c07f87f207
 F test/joinD.test 2ce62e7353a0702ca5e70008faf319c1d4686aa19fba34275c6d1da0e960be28
 F test/joinE.test d5d182f3812771e2c0d97c9dcf5dbe4c41c8e21c82560e59358731c4a3981d6b
 F test/joinF.test 53dd66158806823ea680dd7543b5406af151b5aafa5cd06a7f3231cd94938127
-F test/joinH.test 705157cf9b9b7c207caf960812a7d0e4dc1dd45aa5fb2b563f12df59088645f3
+F test/joinH.test 84198ea42bf78b79fe399c0567218cd6df36c50c6dd27d9c4aab221acaad929e
 F test/journal1.test c7b768041b7f494471531e17abc2f4f5ebf9e5096984f43ed17c4eb80ba34497
 F test/journal2.test 9dac6b4ba0ca79c3b21446bbae993a462c2397c4
 F test/journal3.test 7c3cf23ffc77db06601c1fcfc9743de8441cb77db9d1aa931863d94f5ffa140e
 F test/jrnlmode.test 9b5bc01dac22223cb60ec2d5f97acf568d73820794386de5634dcadbea9e1946
 F test/jrnlmode2.test 8759a1d4657c064637f8b079592651530db738419e1d649c6df7048cd724363d
 F test/jrnlmode3.test 556b447a05be0e0963f4311e95ab1632b11c9eaa
-F test/json/README.md 506af1f54574b524106acb50d1a341ab5ddfa6d83fe25095007892b07e663e85
+F test/json/README.md 63e3e589e1df8fd3cc1588ba1faaff659214003f8b77a15af5c6452b35e30ee2
 F test/json/json-generator.tcl dc0dd0f393800c98658fc4c47eaa6af29d4e17527380cd28656fb261bddc8a3f
-F test/json/json-q1.txt 335a7c8ab291d354f33b7decc9559e99a2823d4142291c4be7aa339a631f3c2d
+F test/json/json-q1.txt 65f9d1cdcc4cffa9823fb73ed936aae5658700cd001fde448f68bfb91c807307
 F test/json/json-speed-check.sh 8b7babf530faa58bd59d6d362cec8e9036a68c5457ff46f3b1f1511d21af6737 x
-F test/json101.test 94126d4291d4a00e45f6988ce885c410de69243490e46e70e9946cb6e6f9ea02
-F test/json102.test 13dc9e7b7f359ecb861e02f9bd7019f7342a63d1c354273b0a8f3904050560a8
+F test/json101.test bc05d2476fd6f7ead31ec05b43d1b24b2b193ae112fd8f0d2ed56d9a904f9fa5
+F test/json102.test 4c69694773a470f1fda34e5f4ba24920b35184fb66050b450fc2ef9ab5ad310b
 F test/json103.test 53df87f83a4e5fa0c0a56eb29ff6c94055c6eb919f33316d62161a8880112dbe
 F test/json104.test 1b844a70cddcfa2e4cd81a5db0657b2e61e7f00868310f24f56a9ba0114348c1
 F test/json105.test 11670a4387f4308ae0318cadcbd6a918ea7edcd19fbafde020720a073952675d
 F test/json501.test f71710f60fa45b19dc336fbaac9e8362f70f80cf81badefdb845ed3f7c7c2ccc
 F test/json502.test 98c38e3c4573841028a1381dfb81d4c3f9b105d39668167da10d055e503f6d0b
 F test/keyword1.test 37ef6bba5d2ed5b07ecdd6810571de2956599dff
-F test/kvtest.c feb4358fb022da8ebd098c45811f2f6507688bb6c43aa72b3e840df19026317b
+F test/kvtest.c 6e0228409ea7ca0497dad503fbd109badb5e59545d131014b6aaac68b56f484a
 F test/lastinsert.test 42e948fd6442f07d60acbd15d33fb86473e0ef63
 F test/laststmtchanges.test ae613f53819206b3222771828d024154d51db200
 F test/lemon-test01.y 58b764610fd934e189ffbb0bbfa33d171b9cb06019b55bdc04d090d6767e11d7
-F test/like.test 5fe0bc37f307aef0a453ce2de4632bdfc0759448f0421c39f6d53caefe905fac
+F test/like.test 242ee7f5d08a031144c0daf63bbd7e7710c847ccf387a83347e0b61b3aa69526
 F test/like2.test d3be15fefee3e02fc88942a9b98f26c5339bbdef7783c90023c092c4955fe3d3
 F test/like3.test a76e5938fadbe6d32807284c796bafd869974a961057bc5fc5a28e06de98745c
 F test/limit.test 350f5d03c29e7dff9a2cde016f84f8d368d40bcd02fa2b2a52fa10c4bf3cbfaf
@@ -1315,9 +1375,9 @@ F test/manydb.test 28385ae2087967aa05c38624cec7d96ec74feb3e
 F test/mem5.test c6460fba403c5703141348cd90de1c294188c68f
 F test/memdb.test c1f2a343ad14398d5d6debda6ea33e80d0dafcc7
 F test/memdb1.test 2c4e9cc10d21c6bf4e217d72b7f6b8ba9b2605971bb2c5e6df76018e189f98f5
-F test/memdb2.test 7789975b96b0726032a22c1afc026592c7ff175bf05be11f1d640791541a77ea
+F test/memdb2.test 4ba1fc09e2f51df80d148a540e4a3fa66d0462e91167b27497084de4d1f6b5b4
 F test/memjournal.test 70f3a00c7f84ee2978ad14e831231caa1e7f23915a2c54b4f775a021d5740c6c
-F test/memjournal2.test 6b9083cfaab9a3281ec545c3da2487999e8025fb7501bbae10f713f80c56454c
+F test/memjournal2.test dbc2c5cb5f7b38950f4f6dc3e73fcecf0fcbed3fc32c7ce913bba164d288da1e
 F test/memleak.test 10b9c6c57e19fc68c32941495e9ba1c50123f6e2
 F test/memsubsys1.test 86b8158752af9188ed5b32a30674a1ef71183e6bc4e6808e815cd658ca9058a6
 F test/memsubsys2.test 774b93cb09ca50d1b759bb7c645baa2a9ce172edc3a3da67d5150a26a9fc2a08
@@ -1346,7 +1406,7 @@ F test/multiplex.test d74c034e52805f6de8cc5432cef8c9eb774bb64ec29b83a22effc8ca4d
 F test/multiplex2.test 580ca5817c7edbe4cc68fa150609c9473393003a
 F test/multiplex3.test fac575e0b1b852025575a6a8357701d80933e98b5d2fe6d35ddaa68f92f6a1f7
 F test/multiplex4.test e8ae4c4bd70606a5727743241f13b5701990abe4
-F test/mutex1.test 4d7ecb155ae5ba9ca6f1817c1c74d51b5bb284d7f599de1859a9f2c9a1ca0d38
+F test/mutex1.test 42cb5e244c3a77bb0ef2b967e06fa5e7ba7d32d90a9b20bed98f6f5ede185a25
 F test/mutex2.test bfeaeac2e73095b2ac32285d2756e3a65e681660
 F test/nan.test 437d40e6d0778b050d7750726c0cbd2c9936b81962926e8f8c48ca698f00f4d1
 F test/nockpt.test 8c43b25af63b0bd620cf1b003529e37b6f1dc53bd22690e96a1bd73f78dde53a
@@ -1393,9 +1453,9 @@ F test/pagesize.test 5769fc62d8c890a83a503f67d47508dfdc543305
 F test/parser1.test 6ccdf5e459a5dc4673d3273dc311a7e9742ca952dd0551a6a6320d27035ce4b3
 F test/pcache.test c8acbedd3b6fd0f9a7ca887a83b11d24a007972b
 F test/pcache2.test af7f3deb1a819f77a6d0d81534e97d1cf62cd442
-F test/pendingrace.test cbdf0f74bc939fb43cebad64dda7a0b5a3941a10b7e9cc2b596ff3e423a18156
+F test/pendingrace.test 6aa33756b950c4529f79c4f3817a9a1e4025bd0d9961571a05c0279bd183d9c6
 F test/percentile.test 4243af26b8f3f4555abe166f723715a1f74c77ff
-F test/permutations.test 8bd6b6db541e2a7f9bb894be99ef5c00526b23762c4a00c574e1cba697495125
+F test/permutations.test f7caf8dd5c7b1da74842a48df116f7f193399c656d4ffc805cd0d9658568c675
 F test/pg_common.tcl 3b27542224db1e713ae387459b5d117c836a5f6e328846922993b6d2b7640d9f
 F test/pragma.test 57a36226218c03cfb381019fe43234b2cefbd8a1f12825514f906a17ccf7991e
 F test/pragma2.test e5d5c176360c321344249354c0c16aec46214c9f
@@ -1411,7 +1471,7 @@ F test/ptrchng.test ef1aa72d6cf35a2bbd0869a649b744e9d84977fc
 F test/pushdown.test 1495a09837a1cedfc0adf07ba42dc6b83be05a2c15de331b67c39a0e22078238
 F test/queryonly.test 5f653159e0f552f0552d43259890c1089391dcca
 F test/quick.test 1681febc928d686362d50057c642f77a02c62e57
-F test/quickcheck.test f86b25b33455af0189b4d3fe7bd6e553115e80b2d7ec9bbe9a6b37fce0881bfe
+F test/quickcheck.test a4b7e878cd97e46108291c409b0bf8214f29e18fddd68a42bc5c1375ad1fb80a
 F test/quota-glob.test 32901e9eed6705d68ca3faee2a06b73b57cb3c26
 F test/quota.test bfb269ce81ea52f593f9648316cd5013d766dd2a
 F test/quota2.test 7dc12e08b11cbc4c16c9ba2aa2e040ea8d8ab4b8
@@ -1424,7 +1484,7 @@ F test/recover.test fd5199f928757cb308661b5fdca1abc19398a798ff7f24b57c3071e9f8e0
 F test/regexp1.test 8f2a8bc1569666e29a4cee6c1a666cd224eb6d50e2470d1dc1df995170f3e0f1
 F test/regexp2.test 55ed41da802b0e284ac7e2fe944be3948f93ff25abbca0361a609acfed1368b5
 F test/reindex.test cd9d6021729910ece82267b4f5e1b5ac2911a7566c43b43c176a6a4732e2118d
-F test/releasetest_data.tcl b550dd1b122a9c969df794d05ea272df535f10ff1a245062e7ba080822378016
+F test/releasetest_data.tcl 80ef3941bf7ad136f4dc3d8960786f10a4f488797238171bdd757cc6eb4c3efa
 F test/resetdb.test 54c06f18bc832ac6d6319e5ab23d5c8dd49fdbeec7c696d791682a8006bd5fc3
 F test/resolver01.test f4022acafda7f4d40eca94dbf16bc5fc4ac30ceb
 F test/returning1.test db532cde29d6aebbc48c6ddc3149b30476f8e69ca7a2c4b53986c7635e6fd8ec
@@ -1432,7 +1492,7 @@ F test/returningfault.test ae4c4b5e8745813287a359d9ccdb9d5c883c2e68afb18fb076793
 F test/rollback.test 06680159bc6746d0f26276e339e3ae2f951c64812468308838e0a3362d911eaa
 F test/rollback2.test 3f3a4e20401825017df7e7671e9f31b6de5fae5620c2b9b49917f52f8c160a8f
 F test/rollbackfault.test 0e646aeab8840c399cfbfa43daab46fd609cf04a
-F test/round1.test 1bb32cf3fc505eed9e86b5e523d07e15d4428189665524587512fbcc85d114bb
+F test/round1.test 29c3c9039936ed024d672f003c4d35ee11c14c0acb75c5f7d6188ff16190cfd4
 F test/rowallock.test 3f88ec6819489d0b2341c7a7528ae17c053ab7cc
 F test/rowhash.test 0bc1d31415e4575d10cacf31e1a66b5cc0f8be81
 F test/rowid.test e29025be95baf6b32f0d5edef59a7633028325896a98f1caa8019559ca910350
@@ -1444,8 +1504,8 @@ F test/rowvalue5.test 00740304ea6a53a8704640c7405690f0045d5d2a6b4b04dde7bccc14c3
 F test/rowvalue6.test d19b54feb604d5601f8614b15e214e0774c01087
 F test/rowvalue7.test c1cbdbf407029db01f87764097c6ac02a1c5a37efd2776eff32a9cdfdf6f2dba
 F test/rowvalue8.test 5900eddad9e2c3c2e26f1a95f74aafc1232ee5e0
-F test/rowvalue9.test 138252b53b835208a5712e01595403a0ae32b4bc58284d9fe6bea10e58203fe4
-F test/rowvalueA.test 51f79b6098c193f838168752c9640f4eae6c63346bf64b5bed4f4e22fe2c71d0
+F test/rowvalue9.test 7499a8fd7ca3a3f0e19d94e135355439aa2b596f86b775ca8de79672da2ca378
+F test/rowvalueA.test be8d6ad8b476eb24c151bb20bfd487e0d50c5e99618b7b0e656035069d2fc2cf
 F test/rowvaluefault.test 963ae9cdaed30a85a29668dd514e639f3556cae903ee9f172ea972d511c54fff
 F test/rowvaluevtab.test cd9747bb3f308086944c07968f547ad6b05022e698d80b9ffbdfe09ce0b8da6f
 F test/rtree.test 0c8d9dd458d6824e59683c19ab2ffa9ef946f798
@@ -1458,7 +1518,7 @@ F test/savepoint6.test f41279c5e137139fa5c21485773332c7adb98cd7
 F test/savepoint7.test cde525ea3075283eb950cdcdefe23ead4f700daa
 F test/savepointfault.test f044eac64b59f09746c7020ee261734de82bf9b2
 F test/scanstatus.test b249328caf4d317e71058006872b8012598a5fa045b30bf24a81eeff650ab49e
-F test/scanstatus2.test 9a00becb1d60d168944f8e2f3585d44d46123aa95c5c7c25563309e1f15f924d
+F test/scanstatus2.test 317670daf7f3eef48a9598cb7800ba8eccab51949cf52bca3f7da3b83a0c1c8c
 F test/schema.test 5dd11c96ba64744de955315d2e4f8992e447533690153b93377dffb2a5ef5431
 F test/schema2.test 906408621ea881fdb496d878b1822572a34e32c5
 F test/schema3.test 8ed4ae66e082cdd8b1b1f22d8549e1e7a0db4527a8e6ee8b6193053ee1e5c9ce
@@ -1471,7 +1531,7 @@ F test/securedel2.test 2d54c28e46eb1fd6902089958b20b1b056c6f1c5
 F test/seekscan1.test 31af16e3bb3203d153aea320939c5da97ec44705c2710d153c06a01397d45b09
 F test/select1.test 692e84cfa29c405854c69e8a4027183d64c22952866a123fabbce741a379e889
 F test/select2.test 352480e0e9c66eda9c3044e412abdf5be0215b56
-F test/select3.test 8d04b66df7475275a65f7e4a786d6a724c30bd9929f8ae5bd59c8d3d6e75e6cd
+F test/select3.test 180223af31e1ca5537dd395ef9708ae18e651a233777fd366fd0d75469fc19c6
 F test/select4.test f0684d3da3bccacbe2a1ebadf6fb49d9df6f53acb4c6ebc228a88d0d6054cc7b
 F test/select5.test 8afc5e5dcdebc2be54472e73ebd9cd1adef1225fd15d37a1c62f969159f390ae
 F test/select6.test 9b2fb4ffedf52e1b5703cfcae1212e7a4a063f014c0458d78d29aca3db766d1f
@@ -1485,10 +1545,10 @@ F test/selectD.test 6d1909b49970bf92f45ce657505befcef5fc7cbc13544e18103a316d3218
 F test/selectE.test a8730ca330fcf40ace158f134f4fe0eb00c7edbf
 F test/selectF.test 21c94e6438f76537b72532fa9fd4710cdd455fc3
 F test/selectG.test 089f7d3d7e6db91566f00b036cb353107a2cca6220eb1cb264085a836dae8840
-F test/selectH.test 88237ded5925adfb3f27fdafb5428c2ffc4d61e313bceb854e225ffc3ef0d206
+F test/selectH.test 0b54599f1917d99568c9b929df22ec6261ed7b6d2f02a46b5945ef81b7871aac
 F test/session.test 78fa2365e93d3663a6e933f86e7afc395adf18be
 F test/sessionfuzz-data1.db 1f8d5def831f19b1c74571037f0d53a588ea49a6c4ca2a028fc0c27ef896dbcb
-F test/sessionfuzz.c 5eef09af01eeff6f20250ae4c0112c2e576e4d2f2026cc9a49dc5be6886fa6ee
+F test/sessionfuzz.c 666b47e177c7b25f01ba645d41fb9131d2d54ae673f0d81c08f5af2b3e6ecbda
 F test/shared.test f022874d9d299fe913529dc10f52ad5a386e4e7ff709270b9b1111b3a0f3420a
 F test/shared2.test 03eb4a8d372e290107d34b6ce1809919a698e879
 F test/shared3.test f8cd07c1a2b7cdb315c01671a0b2f8e3830b11ef31da6baa9a9cd8da88965403
@@ -1501,8 +1561,8 @@ F test/sharedA.test 64bdd21216dda2c6a3bd3475348ccdc108160f34682c97f2f51c19fc0e21
 F test/sharedB.test 1a84863d7a2204e0d42f2e1606577c5e92e4473fa37ea0f5bdf829e4bf8ee707
 F test/shared_err.test 32634e404a3317eeb94abc7a099c556a346fdb8fb3858dbe222a4cbb8926a939
 F test/sharedlock.test 5ede3c37439067c43b0198f580fd374ebf15d304
-F test/shell1.test 300b77328aaafb9f3e7a53a26e4162fbf92181d92251d259ff105a2275ff998d
-F test/shell2.test 09a202f57e7cd99788537f763e0845796a173fcea06a0d199a08d69446fe1daf
+F test/shell1.test 2191c892d8256b1b6cccb4fca894cfc2e748450cf422e6ec80a320a0d538b6df
+F test/shell2.test 35226c070a8c7f64fd016dfac2a0db2a40f709b3131f61daacd9dad61536c9cb
 F test/shell3.test 91febeac0412812bf6370abb8ed72700e32bf8f9878849414518f662dfd55e8a
 F test/shell4.test 9abd0c12a7e20a4c49e84d5be208d2124fa6c09e728f56f1f4bee0f02853935f
 F test/shell5.test c8b6c54f26ec537f8558273d7ed293ca3725ef42e6b12b8f151718628bd1473b
@@ -1523,12 +1583,12 @@ F test/snapshot.test a504f2e7009f512ef66c719f0ea1c55a556bdaf1e1312c80a04d46fc1a3
 F test/snapshot2.test 8d6ff5dd9cc503f6e12d408a30409c3f9c653507b24408d9cd7195931c89bc54
 F test/snapshot3.test 8744313270c55f6e18574283553d3c5c5fe4c5970585663613a0e75c151e599b
 F test/snapshot4.test d4e9347ef2fcabc491fc893506c7bbaf334da3be111d6eb4f3a97cc623b78322
-F test/snapshot_fault.test f6c5ef7cb93bf92fbb4e864ecc5c87df7d3a250064838822db5b4d3a5563ede4
+F test/snapshot_fault.test 129234ceb9b26a0e1000e8563a16e790f5c1412354e70749cbd78c3d5d07d60a
 F test/snapshot_up.test a0a29c4cf33475fcef07c3f8e64af795e24ab91b4cc68295863402a393cdd41c
 F test/soak.test 18944cf21b94a7fe0df02016a6ee1e9632bc4e8d095a0cb49d95e15d5cca2d5c
 F test/softheap1.test 843cd84db9891b2d01b9ab64cef3e9020f98d087
 F test/sort.test f86751134159abb5e5fd4381a0d7038c91013638cd1e3fa1d7850901f6df6196
-F test/sort2.test cc23b7c19d684657559e8a55b02f7fcee03851d0
+F test/sort2.test 2f8c66402a03adebe77ce7aafca129fbf32df27d6c9b8f7a9f1b958e39f56da8
 F test/sort3.test 1480ed7c4c157682542224e05e3b75faf4a149e5
 F test/sort4.test cca6f4b0b5255882645bbbe346a6a9f4a5c7b6a18513a6a7bf4ac1c4761ddc19
 F test/sort5.test 6b43ae0e2169b5ceed441844492e55ba7f1ae0790528395ddf7888ab3094525d
@@ -1542,23 +1602,23 @@ F test/speed3.test 694affeb9100526007436334cf7d08f3d74b85ef
 F test/speed4.test abc0ad3399dcf9703abed2fff8705e4f8e416715
 F test/speed4p.explain 6b5f104ebeb34a038b2f714150f51d01143e59aa
 F test/speed4p.test 377a0c48e5a92e0b11c1c5ebb1bc9d83a7312c922bc0cb05970ef5d6a96d1f0c
-F test/speedtest1.c 9703465daf778dd90bad7adadc1d2ee205ec90a79437cababab0a4111190f0c8
+F test/speedtest1.c f9505ad6f9c2c3c488a370a2d193e9603a030e51126ef3ecfeb056d21f0e7ad5
 F test/spellfix.test 951a6405d49d1a23d6b78027d3877b4a33eeb8221dcab5704b499755bb4f552e
 F test/spellfix2.test dfc8f519a3fc204cb2dfa8b4f29821ae90f6f8c3
 F test/spellfix3.test 0f9efaaa502a0e0a09848028518a6fb096c8ad33
 F test/spellfix4.test 51c7c26514ade169855c66bcf130bd5acfb4d7fd090cc624645ab275ae6a41fb
-F test/sqldiff1.test 182058e09c7082de5c6a470ff9c291337bbeb650052c2cc68fbb3d7e25861d91
+F test/sqldiff1.test 1b7ab4f312442c5cc6b3a5f299fa8ca051416d1dd173cb1126fd51bf64f2c3fb
 F test/sqllimits1.test b28e5cc8d337aaf290614d96a47e8fbfb720bb7ad35620c9d5432996fd413ac4
 F test/sqllog.test 6af6cb0b09f4e44e1917e06ce85be7670302517a
 F test/startup.c 1beb5ca66fcc0fce95c3444db9d1674f90fc605499a574ae2434dcfc10d22805
 F test/stat.test 123212a20ceb496893d5254a5f6c76442ce549fdc08d1702d8288a2bbaac8408
-F test/statfault.test 55f86055f9cd7b2d962a621b8a04215c1cebd4eaaecde92d279442327fe648a0
+F test/statfault.test 064f43379e4992b5221b7d9ac887c313b3191f85cce605d78e416fc4045da64e
 F test/stmt.test 54ed2cc0764bf3e48a058331813c3dbd19fc1d0827c3d8369914a5d8f564ec75
 F test/stmtvtab1.test 6873dfb24f8e79cbb5b799b95c2e4349060eb7a3b811982749a84b359468e2d5
 F test/strict1.test 4d2b492152b984fd7e8196d23eb88e2ccb0ef9e46ca2f96c2ce7147ceef9d168
 F test/strict2.test b22c7a98b5000aef937f1990776497f0e979b1a23bc4f63e2d53b00e59b20070
 F test/subjournal.test 8d4e2572c0ee9a15549f0d8e40863161295107e52f07a3e8012a2e1fdd093c49
-F test/subquery.test 3a1a5b600b8d4f504d2a2c61f33db820983dba94a0ef3e4aedca8f0165eaecb8
+F test/subquery.test 312c5d26304b0e93a56ba2cb9d4480b8a1c8217e3b2b8f8be2bfb0b2458ac3a7
 F test/subquery2.test 90cf944b9de8204569cf656028391e4af1ccc8c0cc02d4ef38ee3be8de1ffb12
 F test/subselect.test 0966aa8e720224dbd6a5e769a3ec2a723e332303
 F test/substr.test a673e3763e247e9b5e497a6cacbaf3da2bd8ec8921c0677145c109f2e633f36b
@@ -1575,7 +1635,7 @@ F test/sync2.test 8f9f7d4f6d5be8ca8941a8dadcc4299e558cb6a1ff653a9469146c7a76ef20
 F test/syscall.test a39d9a36f852ae6e4800f861bc2f2e83f68bbc2112d9399931ecfadeabd2d69d
 F test/sysfault.test c9f2b0d8d677558f74de750c75e12a5454719d04
 F test/tabfunc01.test 54f27eacd054aa528a8b6e3331192c484104f30aaee351ad035f2b39a00f87c4
-F test/table.test eb3463b7add9f16a5bb836badf118cf391b809d09fdccd1f79684600d07ec132
+F test/table.test 7862a00b58b5541511a26757ea9c5c7c3f8298766e98aa099deec703d9c0a8e0
 F test/tableapi.test ecbcc29c4ab62c1912c3717c48ea5c5e59f7d64e4a91034e6148bd2b82f177f4
 F test/tableopts.test dba698ba97251017b7c80d738c198d39ab747930
 F test/tclsqlite.test ad0bbd92edabe64cc91d990a0748142fe5ab962d74ac71fa3bfa94d50d2f4c87
@@ -1587,8 +1647,8 @@ F test/temptable2.test 76821347810ecc88203e6ef0dd6897b6036ac788e9dd3e6b04fd4d163
 F test/temptable3.test d11a0974e52b347e45ee54ef1923c91ed91e4637
 F test/temptrigger.test 38f0ca479b1822d3117069e014daabcaacefffcc
 F test/tester.tcl 68454ef88508c196d19e8694daa27bff7107a91857799eaa12f417188ae53ede
-F test/testrunner.tcl 59490f189cac99b16b0376d0cc0a7ecfb753a84b89c9f4c361af337d88db53ac
-F test/testrunner_data.tcl 8169c68654ac8906833b8a6aadca973358a441ebf88270dd05c153e5f96f76b8
+F test/testrunner.tcl 14c8b8ece841b1dd17516a0dc9c7ad9b5f4d4db7987974d3fdf66ae56b2a71fa
+F test/testrunner_data.tcl 7f73f93634d32dafc857ed491b840f371113d09fde6a8bfb9e47b938d47b8c85
 F test/thread001.test a0985c117eab62c0c65526e9fa5d1360dd1cac5b03bde223902763274ce21899
 F test/thread002.test c24c83408e35ba5a952a3638b7ac03ccdf1ce4409289c54a050ac4c5f1de7502
 F test/thread003.test ee4c9efc3b86a6a2767516a37bd64251272560a7
@@ -1596,7 +1656,7 @@ F test/thread004.test f51dfc3936184aaf73ee85f315224baad272a87f
 F test/thread005.test 50d10b5684399676174bd96c94ad4250b1a2c8b6
 F test/thread1.test df115faa10a4ba1d456e9d4d9ec165016903eae4
 F test/thread2.test f35d2106452b77523b3a2b7d1dcde2e5ee8f9e46
-F test/thread3.test 5f53b6a8e7391d8653116fd0bee4f9774efee4410e039990821de39c6b4375a9
+F test/thread3.test a12656a56cdf67acb6a2ff7638826c6d6a645f79909d86df521045ad31cf547d
 F test/thread_common.tcl 334639cadcb9f912bf82aa73f49efd5282e6cadd
 F test/threadtest1.c 6029d9c5567db28e6dc908a0c63099c3ba6c383b
 F test/threadtest2.c a70a8e94bef23339d34226eb9521015ef99f4df8
@@ -1604,6 +1664,7 @@ F test/threadtest3.c 655bff6c0895ec03f014126aa65e808fac9aae8c5a7a7da58a510cbe8b4
 F test/threadtest4.c c1e67136ceb6c7ec8184e56ac61db28f96bd2925
 F test/threadtest5.c 9b4d782c58d8915d7e955ff8051f3d03628bda0d33b82971ea8c0f2f2808c421
 F test/time-wordcount.sh 8e0b0f8109367827ad5d58f5cc849705731e4b90
+F test/timediff1.test d982b2b5f1b22f58380c5db94ea5b17518d50ad0c55583cf0ecfa0b176e20888
 F test/tkt-02a8e81d44.test 6c80d9c7514e2a42d4918bf87bf6bc54f379110c
 F test/tkt-18458b1a.test 6a62cb1ee50fa3c620da59e3a6f531eb38fceaf7e2166203816b724524e6f1d6
 F test/tkt-26ff0c2d1e.test c15bec890c4d226c0da2f35ff30f9e84c169cfef90e73a8cb5cec11d723dfa96
@@ -1653,7 +1714,7 @@ F test/tkt-bd484a090c.test 60460bf946f79a79712b71f202eda501ca99b898
 F test/tkt-bdc6bbbb38.test fc38bb09bdd440e3513a1f5f98fc60a075182d7d
 F test/tkt-c48d99d690.test ba61977d62ab612fc515b3c488a6fbd6464a2447
 F test/tkt-c694113d5.test 82c461924ada5c14866c47e85535b0b0923ba16a2e907e370061a5ca77f65d77
-F test/tkt-cbd054fa6b.test 708475ef4d730a6853512c8ce363bcbd3becf0e26826e1f4cd46e2f52ff38edf
+F test/tkt-cbd054fa6b.test 6ec9f1a5721fba74a83397683c50f472df68a0a749d193a537264eda3ad6d113
 F test/tkt-d11f09d36e.test d999b548fef885d1d1afa49a0e8544ecf436869d
 F test/tkt-d635236375.test 9d37e988b47d87505bc9445be0ca447002df5d09
 F test/tkt-d82e3f3721.test bcc0dfba658d15bab30fd4a9320c9e35d214ce30
@@ -1758,7 +1819,7 @@ F test/trans2.test 62bd045bfc7a1c14c5ba83ba64d21ade31583f76
 F test/trans3.test 91a100e5412b488e22a655fe423a14c26403ab94
 F test/transitive1.test f8ee983600b33d167da1885657f064aec404e1c0d0bc8765fdf163f4c749237a
 F test/trigger1.test 02cc64dc98278816c1c1ed8e472e18db8edbad88f37018bf46223e9614831963
-F test/trigger2.test 6e35bd7321c49e63d540aee980eb95dec63e1d1caca175224101045bcc80871f
+F test/trigger2.test 30fcb3a6aa6782020d47968735ee6086ed795f73a7affa9406c8d5a36e7b5265
 F test/trigger3.test aa640bb2bbb03edd5ff69c055117ea088f121945
 F test/trigger4.test 74700b76ebf3947b2f7a92405141eb2cf2a5d359
 F test/trigger5.test 619391a3e9fc194081d22cefd830d811e7badf83
@@ -1784,7 +1845,7 @@ F test/tt3_vacuum.c 71b254cde1fc49d6c8c44efd54f4668f3e57d7b3a8f4601ade069f75a999
 F test/types.test bf816ce73c7dfcfe26b700c19f97ef4050d194ff
 F test/types2.test 1aeb81976841a91eef292723649b5c4fe3bc3cac
 F test/types3.test 99e009491a54f4dc02c06bdbc0c5eea56ae3e25a
-F test/unhex.test 47b547f4b35e4f6525ecac7c7839bd3ae4eb4613d4e8932592eff55da83308f1
+F test/unhex.test b7f1b806207cb77fa31c3e434fe92fba524464e3e9356809bfcc28f15af1a8b7
 F test/unionall.test eb9afa030897af75fd2f0dd28354ef63c8a5897b6c76aa1f15acae61a12eabcf
 F test/unionall2.test 71e8fa08d5699d50dc9f9dc0c9799c2e7a6bb7931a330d369307a4df7f157fa1
 F test/unionallfault.test 652bfbb630e6c43135965dc1e8f0a9a791da83aec885d626a632fe1909c56f73
@@ -1794,15 +1855,15 @@ F test/unique.test 93f8b2ef5ea51b9495f8d6493429b1fd0f465264
 F test/unique2.test 3674e9f2a3f1fbbfd4772ac74b7a97090d0f77d2
 F test/unixexcl.test d936ba2b06794018e136418addd59a2354eeae97
 F test/unordered.test 0edaf3411d300693bca595897c5201421c6c5ec787990a1dfe2f7f60ae93f1e2
-F test/update.test 90772ede84cfc779fc3d31884a84ec4c74deb501eeb09a1c6c91c03d8e94c0d8
+F test/update.test 85d3f46d0863033370bd881b1097f5694369a8730e53c5f85d96f32b7b310b47
 F test/update2.test 67455bc61fcbcf96923c45b3bc4f87bc72be7d67575ad35f134906148c7b06d3
 F test/upfrom1.tcl 8859d9d437f03b44174c4524a7a734a391fd4526fcff65be08285dafc9dc9041
 F test/upfrom1.test 8cb06689e99cd707d884faa16da0e8eb26ff658bb01c47ddf72fadade666e6e1
 F test/upfrom2.test 66f3ebf721b3cebd922faee5c386bf244f816d416b57c000753ff51af62328a1
 F test/upfrom3.test 6130f24ebf97f5ea865e5d2a14a2d543fe5428a62e87cc60f62d875e45c1f5f0
-F test/upfrom4.test 1cd82e9423e02b1f63d069e8665c6c3932ec424fd0043d033cc0ba99abf33236
+F test/upfrom4.test 78f742a6577c91a7a55c64edb8811004e7c6aa99b8d57b2320f70a918c357807
 F test/upfromfault.test 3a10075a0043f0c4fad6614b2c371f88a8ba5a4acab68b907438413865d6a8d6
-F test/upsert1.test b0ae2f58680c5205b4bc1cdeed3c3d444057c506f6c44494fa3eac60731d68a2
+F test/upsert1.test a512e2f884d3a36159fce2e45108c236f78ae38e35bda55f4050db580ceb25d3
 F test/upsert2.test 720e94d09f7362a282bc69b3c6b83d51daeaaf0440eb4920a08b86518b8c7496
 F test/upsert3.test 88d7d590a1948a9cb6eac1b54b0642f67a9f35a1fc0f19b200e97d5d39e3179c
 F test/upsert4.test 25d2a1da92f149331ae0c51ca6e3eee78189577585eab92de149900d62994fa5
@@ -1812,7 +1873,7 @@ F test/uri.test c1abaaaa28e9422d61e5f3f9cbc8ef993ec49fe802f581520731708561d49384
 F test/uri2.test 9d3ba7a53ee167572d53a298ee4a5d38ec4a8fb7
 F test/userauth01.test e740a2697a7b40d7c5003a7d7edaee16acd349a9
 F test/utf16align.test 9fde0bb5d3a821594aa68c6829ab9c5453a084384137ebb9f6153e2d678039da
-F test/vacuum-into.test e0e3406845be4cf1b44db354179e5d9437e38bc267e4ac8e8dc617f9c3c903ab
+F test/vacuum-into.test 35dc6f79b563f91c61822f61797363e97fed1bf28f1f722688b98d43f1980d76
 F test/vacuum.test ce91c39f7f91a4273bf620efad21086b5aa6ef1d
 F test/vacuum2.test 9fd45ce6ce29f5614c249e03938d3567c06a9e772d4f155949f8eafe2d8af520
 F test/vacuum3.test d9d9a04ee58c485b94694fd4f68cffaba49c32234fdefe1ac1a622c5e17d4ce3
@@ -1825,7 +1886,7 @@ F test/veryquick.test 57ab846bacf7b90cf4e9a672721ea5c5b669b661
 F test/view.test d4c4281e1679245829db35597817282f60dc513fc39cc5439078f009bd118487
 F test/view2.test db32c8138b5b556f610b35dfddd38c5a58a292f07fda5281eedb0851b2672679
 F test/view3.test ad8a8290ee2b55ff6ce66c9ef1ce3f1e47926273a3814e1c425293e128a95456
-F test/vt02.c f4a357c8180d71120ca2b466a8df48d9c40fc50873694840327d9647450485f3
+F test/vt02.c 5b44ac67b1a283fedecf2d6e2ceda61e7a157f01d44dcb4490dcb1e87d057060
 F test/vtab1.test 09a72330d0f31eda2ffaa828b06a6b917fb86250ee72de0301570af725774c07
 F test/vtab2.test 14d4ab26cee13ba6cf5c5601b158e4f57552d3b055cdd9406cf7f711e9c84082
 F test/vtab3.test b45f47d20f225ccc9c28dc915d92740c2dee311e
@@ -1882,6 +1943,7 @@ F test/walprotocol2.test 7d3b6b4bf0b12f8007121b1e6ef714bc99101fb3b48e46371df1db8
 F test/walro.test cb438d05ba0d191f10b688e39c4f0cd5b71569a1d1f4440e5bdf3c6880e08c20
 F test/walro2.test 33955a6fd874dd9724005e17f77fef89d334b3171454a1256fe4941a96766cdc
 F test/walrofault.test c70cb6e308c443867701856cce92ad8288cd99488fa52afab77cca6cfd51af68
+F test/walseh1.test bae700eb99519b6d5cd3f893c04759accc5a59c391d4189fe4dd6995a533442b
 F test/walsetlk.test 34c901443b31ab720afc463f5b236c86ca5c4134402573dce91aa0761de8db5a
 F test/walshared.test 42e3808582504878af237ea02c42ca793e8a0efaa19df7df26ac573370dbc7a3
 F test/walslow.test c05c68d4dc2700a982f89133ce103a1a84cc285f
@@ -1895,7 +1957,7 @@ F test/where3.test 5b4ffc0ac2ea0fe92f02b1244b7531522fe4d7bccf6fa8741d54e82c10e67
 F test/where4.test 4a371bfcc607f41d233701bdec33ac2972908ba8
 F test/where5.test fdf66f96d29a064b63eb543e28da4dfdccd81ad2
 F test/where6.test 5da5a98cec820d488e82708301b96cb8c18a258b
-F test/where7.test 1c1bf436bf31b913d4764a2b62ac6e98b9681e5c7ae2b562605592a56b7e946b
+F test/where7.test 15041c7a5838f3bac98f3fb933709674a0b59367664e88fafaf105ff7416eb07
 F test/where8.test 461ca40265ed996a6305da99bb024b0e41602bb586acf544c08f95922358e49f
 F test/where9.test 2db942671a002621eff4f713e347bb25243295f79d8990297cd160bebcfde3f7
 F test/whereA.test 9d1077b117f1b68d5f739d94f36956c36cf995eb87bb19b77b2e81af020edd20
@@ -1914,17 +1976,17 @@ F test/whereM.test 0dbc9998783458ddcf3cc078ca7c2951d8b2677d472ecf0028f449ed327c0
 F test/wherefault.test 6cf2a9c5712952d463d3f45ebee7f6caf400984df51a195d884cfb7eb0e837a7
 F test/wherelfault.test 9012e4ef5259058b771606616bd007af5d154e64cc25fa9fd4170f6411db44e3
 F test/wherelimit.test afb46397c6d7e964e6e294ba3569864a0c570fe3807afc634236c2b752372f31
-F test/wherelimit2.test 657a3f24aadee62d058c5091ea682dc4af4b95ffe32f137155be49799a58e721
+F test/wherelimit2.test b9e4bfe7b4d7c2f85f99cf2bd2c51369378d04b1f3d1b60557423752003bfd90
 F test/widetab1.test c296a98e123762de79917350e45fa33fdf88577a2571eb3a64c8bf7e44ef74d1
 F test/win32heap.test 10fd891266bd00af68671e702317726375e5407561d859be1aa04696f2aeee74
 F test/win32lock.test e0924eb8daac02bf80e9da88930747bd44dd9b230b7759fed927b1655b467c9c
 F test/win32longpath.test 4baffc3acb2e5188a5e3a895b2b543ed09e62f7c72d713c1feebf76222fe9976
 F test/win32nolock.test ac4f08811a562e45a5755e661f45ca85892bdbbc
-F test/window1.test 5ba48e9d33231e6ef16f21426bade9ccc52abf65a10587bff90a6c14fe174594
+F test/window1.test ccfeaf116afc6a8f748a8122a4f1ee6b69e6bbc5acee61197d3c17167338b100
 F test/window2.tcl 492c125fa550cda1dd3555768a2303b3effbeceee215293adf8871efc25f1476
 F test/window2.test e466a88bd626d66edc3d352d7d7e1d5531e0079b549ba44efb029d1fbff9fd3c
 F test/window3.tcl acea6e86a4324a210fd608d06741010ca83ded9fde438341cb978c49928faf03
-F test/window3.test e9959a993c8a71e96433be8daaa1827d78b8921e4f12debd7bdbeb3c856ef3cb
+F test/window3.test 330733bcca73aba4ddae7a1011f2a2120ef7a0c68d8155854e08677417b8dbd0
 F test/window4.tcl 6f85307eb67242b654d051f7da32a996a66aee039a09c5ae358541aa61720742
 F test/window4.test fbead87f681400ac07ef3555e0488b544a47d35491f8bf09a7474b6f76ce9b4e
 F test/window5.test d328dd18221217c49c144181975eea17339eaeaf0e9aa558cee3afb84652821e
@@ -1945,7 +2007,7 @@ F test/windowfault.test 15094c1529424e62f798bc679e3fe9dfab6e8ba2f7dfe8c923b6248c
 F test/windowpushd.test d8895d08870b7226f7693665bd292eb177e62ca06799184957b3ca7dc03067df
 F test/with1.test b93833890e5d2a368e78747f124503a0159aa029b98e9ed4795ebf630b2efd3d
 F test/with2.test a1df41b987198383b9b70bf5e5fda390582e46398653858dbc6ceb24253b28df
-F test/with3.test fe15975c0b53c9098a757902a908e3f8d6d80ce47c5363ac600f28a79ef8c0ca
+F test/with3.test e30369ea27aa27eb1bda4c5e510c8a9f782c8afd2ab99d1a02b8a7f25a5d3e65
 F test/with4.test 257be66c0c67fee1defbbac0f685c3465e2cad037f21ce65f23f86084f198205
 F test/with5.test 6248213c41fab36290b5b73aa3f937309dfba337004d9d8434c3fabc8c7d4be8
 F test/with6.test e097a03e5c898a8cd8f3a2d6a994ec510ea4376b5d484c2b669a41001e7758c8
@@ -1969,9 +2031,11 @@ F tool/GetFile.cs 47852aa0d806fe47ed1ac5138bdce7f000fe87aaa7f28107d0cb1e26682aeb
 F tool/GetTclKit.bat d84033c6a93dfe735d247f48ba00292a1cc284dcf69963e5e672444e04534bbf
 F tool/Replace.cs 02c67258801c2fb5f63231e0ac0f220b4b36ba91
 F tool/build-all-msvc.bat c817b716e0edeecaf265a6775b63e5f45c34a6544f1d4114a222701ed5ac79ab x
-F tool/build-shell.sh 950f47c6174f1eea171319438b93ba67ff5bf367
+F tool/build-shell.sh f193b5e3eb4afcb4abbf96bf1475be6cfb74763ee2e50c82bc7ca105e8a136c5
 F tool/cg_anno.tcl c1f875f5a4c9caca3d59937b16aff716f8b1883935f1b4c9ae23124705bc8099 x
 F tool/checkSpacing.c 810e51703529a204fc4e1eb060e9ab663e3c06d2
+F tool/cktclsh.sh 6075eef9c6b9ba4b38fef2ca2a66d25f2311bd3c610498d18a9b01f861629cca
+F tool/custom.txt 6cdf298f43e1db4bb91406d14777669b8fb1df790837823fa6754c4308decc27
 F tool/dbhash.c 5da0c61032d23d74f2ab84ffc5740f0e8abec94f2c45c0b4306be7eb3ae96df0
 F tool/dbtotxt.c ca48d34eaca6d6b6e4bd6a7be2b72caf34475869054240244c60fa7e69a518d6
 F tool/dbtotxt.md c9a57af8739957ef36d2cfad5c4b1443ff3688ed33e4901ee200c8b651f43f3c
@@ -1980,23 +2044,23 @@ F tool/extract-sqlite3h.tcl 069ceab0cee26cba99952bfa08c0b23e35941c837acabe143f0c
 F tool/extract.c 054069d81b095fbdc189a6f5d4466e40380505e2
 F tool/fast_vacuum.c c129ae2924a48310c7b766810391da9e8fda532b9f6bd3f9a9e3a799a1b42af9
 F tool/fragck.tcl 5265a95126abcf6ab357f7efa544787e5963f439
-F tool/fuzzershell.c e1d90a03ca790d7c331c2aae08ca46ff435f1ae1faa6cb9cc48f4687c18fdc6e
+F tool/fuzzershell.c 41480c8a1e4749351f381431ecfdfceba645396c5d836f8d26b51a33c4a21b33
 F tool/genfkey.README cf68fddd4643bbe3ff8e31b8b6d8b0a1b85e20f4
 F tool/genfkey.test b6afd7b825d797a1e1274f519ab5695373552ecad5cd373530c63533638a5a4f
 F tool/getlock.c f4c39b651370156cae979501a7b156bdba50e7ce
 F tool/index_usage.c f62a0c701b2c7ff2f3e21d206f093c123f222dbf07136a10ffd1ca15a5c706c5
 F tool/kvtest-speed.sh 4761a9c4b3530907562314d7757995787f7aef8f
-F tool/lemon.c ea5c8589c7749e9bd32ba10432aeeed3c16e215de72a12ada2bc707884837149
+F tool/lemon.c 19e368bc8e97ff4071115119a7911ca3b0c56eba7926d8ada8b4a86fcc69a176
 F tool/lempar.c 57478ea48420da05faa873c6d1616321caa5464644588c97fbe8e0ea04450748
 F tool/libvers.c caafc3b689638a1d88d44bc5f526c2278760d9b9
 F tool/loadfts.c c3c64e4d5e90e8ba41159232c2189dba4be7b862
 F tool/logest.c c34e5944318415de513d29a6098df247a9618c96d83c38d4abd88641fe46e669
 F tool/max-limits.c cbb635fbb37ae4d05f240bfb5b5270bb63c54439
 F tool/merge-test.tcl de76b62f2de2a92d4c1ca4f976bce0aea6899e0229e250479b229b2a1914b176
-F tool/mkautoconfamal.sh f62353eb6c06ab264da027fd4507d09914433dbdcab9cb011cdc18016f1ab3b8
+F tool/mkautoconfamal.sh cbdcf993fa83dccbef7fb77b39cdeb31ef9f77d9d88c9e343b58d35ca3898a6a
 F tool/mkccode.tcl 86463e68ce9c15d3041610fedd285ce32a5cf7a58fc88b3202b8b76837650dbe x
-F tool/mkctimec.tcl 38e3db33210a200aae791635125052a643a27aa0619a0debf19aa9c55e1b2dde x
-F tool/mkkeywordhash.c 9822bd1f58a70e5f84179df3045bba4791df69180e991bec88662703f2e93761
+F tool/mkctimec.tcl 372452e24267dfe1b496eec3992d10c6e5e7d7870a152560cdcfe5404bc8cc04 x
+F tool/mkkeywordhash.c b9faa0ae7e14e4dbbcd951cddd786bf46b8a65bb07b129ba8c0cfade723aaffd
 F tool/mkmsvcmin.tcl 8897d515ef7f94772322db95a3b6fce6c614d84fe0bdd06ba5a1c786351d5a1d
 F tool/mkopcodec.tcl 33d20791e191df43209b77d37f0ff0904620b28465cca6990cf8d60da61a07ef
 F tool/mkopcodeh.tcl 769d9e6a8b462323150dc13a8539d6064664b72974f7894befe2491cc73e05cd
@@ -2006,9 +2070,10 @@ F tool/mkshellc.tcl b7adf08b82de60811d2cb6af05ff59fc17e5cd6f3e98743c14eaaa3f8971
 F tool/mksourceid.c 36aa8020014aed0836fd13c51d6dc9219b0df1761d6b5f58ff5b616211b079b9
 F tool/mkspeedsql.tcl a1a334d288f7adfe6e996f2e712becf076745c97
 F tool/mksqlite3c-noext.tcl 4f7cfef5152b0c91920355cbfc1d608a4ad242cb819f1aea07f6d0274f584a7f
-F tool/mksqlite3c.tcl eb47021591b1ad4a6862e2cb5625f1ac67ec1e0c6db5ba3953c069c635284cf5
+F tool/mksqlite3c.tcl 2c760ab786cb509b47f00c96fea82994866cb99f5e046df81c768288f57897b4
 F tool/mksqlite3h.tcl d391cff7cad0a372ee1406faee9ccc7dad9cb80a0c95cae0f73d10dd26e06762
 F tool/mksqlite3internalh.tcl eb994013e833359137eb53a55acdad0b5ae1049b
+F tool/mktoolzip.tcl c7a9b685f5131d755e7d941cec50cee7f34178b9e34c9a89811eeb08617f8423
 F tool/mkvsix.tcl b9e0777a213c23156b6542842c238479e496ebf5
 F tool/offsets.c 8ed2b344d33f06e71366a9b93ccedaa38c096cc1dbd4c3c26ad08c6115285845
 F tool/omittest-msvc.tcl d6b8f501ac1d7798c4126065030f89812379012cad98a1735d6d7221492abc08
@@ -2019,26 +2084,29 @@ F tool/replace.tcl 937c931ad560688e85bdd6258bdc754371bb1e2732e1fb28ef441e44c9228
 F tool/restore_jrnl.tcl 6957a34f8f1f0f8285e07536225ec3b292a9024a
 F tool/rollback-test.c 9fc98427d1e23e84429d7e6d07d9094fbdec65a5
 F tool/run-speed-test.sh f95d19fd669b68c4c38b6b475242841d47c66076
-F tool/showdb.c 495a43b759ae37a0c4561a557a70090cb79b8c1601204e5a77e8b5360e65a954
+F tool/showdb.c 0f74b54cc67076c76cba9b2b7f54d3e05b78d130c70ffc394eb84c5b41bab017
 F tool/showjournal.c 5bad7ae8784a43d2b270d953060423b8bd480818
 F tool/showlocks.c 9cc5e66d4ebbf2d194f39db2527ece92077e86ae627ddd233ee48e16e8142564
 F tool/showshm.c a0ab6ec32dd1f11218ca2a4018f8fb875b59414801ab8ceed8b2e69b7b45a809
 F tool/showstat4.c 0682ebea7abf4d3657f53c4a243f2e7eab48eab344ed36a94bb75dcd19a5c2a1
-F tool/showwal.c 65ecabae3a2dcff4116301d5a8dbb8c4964814da1b2aff6d85c806a88b71fa4e
+F tool/showwal.c 11eca547980a066b081f512636151233350ac679f29ecf4ebfce7f4530230b3d
 F tool/soak1.tcl 8d407956e1a45b485a8e072470a3e629a27037fe
-F tool/spaceanal.tcl 1b5be34c6223cb1af06da2a10fb77863eb869b1962d055820b0a11cf2336ab45
-F tool/speed-check.sh c24c30cddd0ecb6d1d0775411d22f7619f55fa696a305487645e27b1b8fc05a2
+F tool/spaceanal.tcl 70c87c04cfd2e77b3e6f21c33ca768296aa8f67d4ab4874786ac8fbb28433477
+F tool/speed-check.sh 72dc85b2c0484af971ee3e7d10775f72b4e771e27e162c2099b3bf25517c25fb
 F tool/speedtest.tcl 06c76698485ccf597b9e7dbb1ac70706eb873355
 F tool/speedtest16.c ecb6542862151c3e6509bbc00509b234562ae81e
 F tool/speedtest2.tcl ee2149167303ba8e95af97873c575c3e0fab58ff
 F tool/speedtest8.c 2902c46588c40b55661e471d7a86e4dd71a18224
 F tool/speedtest8inst1.c 7ce07da76b5e745783e703a834417d725b7d45fd
+F tool/spellsift.tcl 52b4b04dc4333c7ab024f09d9d66ed6b6f7c6eb00b38497a09f338fa55d40618 x
 F tool/split-sqlite3c.tcl 5aa60643afca558bc732b1444ae81a522326f91e1dc5665b369c54f09e20de60
-F tool/sqldiff.c 4f967c199c5f93eec64978e3a625d6c07fb1162212b1d48f65740d9eb4607eee
+F tool/sqldiff.c fcccbc07da942b4534d0c769e9fcc21c67cbd7086ddc1c8f13372c40a83d4634
 F tool/sqlite3_analyzer.c.in f88615bf33098945e0a42f17733f472083d150b58bdaaa5555a7129d0a51621c
 F tool/sqltclsh.c.in 1bcc2e9da58fadf17b0bf6a50e68c1159e602ce057210b655d50bad5aaaef898
 F tool/sqltclsh.tcl 862f4cf1418df5e1315b5db3b5ebe88969e2a784525af5fbf9596592f14ed848
+F tool/src-verify.c 41c586dee84d0b190ad13e0282ed83d4a65ec9fefde9adf4943efdf6558eea7f
 F tool/srcck1.c 371de5363b70154012955544f86fdee8f6e5326f
+F tool/srctree-check.tcl cef630bc4ff21a460d72479c43a42bf1c1ed61897659305c35c8d72e91bcb176
 F tool/stack_usage.tcl f8e71b92cdb099a147dad572375595eae55eca43
 F tool/stripccomments.c 20b8aabc4694d0d4af5566e42da1f1a03aff057689370326e9269a9ddcffdc37
 F tool/symbols-mingw.sh 4dbcea7e74768305384c9fd2ed2b41bbf9f0414d
@@ -2046,8 +2114,9 @@ F tool/symbols.sh 1612bd947750e21e7b47befad5f6b3825b06cce0705441f903bf35ced65ae9
 F tool/varint.c 5d94cb5003db9dbbcbcc5df08d66f16071aee003
 F tool/vdbe-compress.tcl 1dcb7632e57cf57105248029e6e162fddaf6c0fccb3bb9e6215603752c5a2d4a
 F tool/vdbe_profile.tcl 3ac5a4a9449f4baf77059358ea050db3e34395ccf59c5464d29b91746d5b961e
+F tool/version-info.c 3b36468a90faf1bbd59c65fd0eb66522d9f941eedd364fabccd72273503ae7d5
 F tool/warnings-clang.sh bbf6a1e685e534c92ec2bfba5b1745f34fb6f0bc2a362850723a9ee87c1b31a7
-F tool/warnings.sh ab651bb82586c43ff8b560beceac959735bf917b44c5e0f67ba3426e474f29f8
+F tool/warnings.sh 49a486c5069de041aedcbde4de178293e0463ae9918ecad7539eedf0ec77a139
 F tool/win/sqlite.vsix deb315d026cc8400325c5863eef847784a219a2f
 F vsixtest/App.xaml b76d3b48860e7454775c47ea38ffea9c4abe3e85
 F vsixtest/App.xaml.cpp 41158ee43269820136fa3bba00c0bd91b26cc38b650ee392aec2a8d823e54318
@@ -2070,10 +2139,11 @@ F vsixtest/vsixtest.tcl 6a9a6ab600c25a91a7acc6293828957a386a8a93
 F vsixtest/vsixtest.vcxproj.data 2ed517e100c66dc455b492e1a33350c1b20fbcdc
 F vsixtest/vsixtest.vcxproj.filters 37e51ffedcdb064aad6ff33b6148725226cd608e
 F vsixtest/vsixtest_TemporaryKey.pfx e5b1b036facdb453873e7084e1cae9102ccc67a0
-P 4254f086419892634c80b0b915e14edea365adc6a45bcc75eecba889da274ac3
-R 5363a07f3e1462ec2f4570a33edb7167
+P d1895dd8f5757a339f619f22b29c8a739398ded673bb9c93f1b8eb8a4b38f510
+R 06db090922d30265c1e1381238ea6702
+T +sym-major-release *
 T +sym-release *
-T +sym-version-3.42.0 *
+T +sym-version-3.44.0 *
 U drh
-Z 0ee8e0816fa6ac728bed7565aed4ec35
+Z 14f36413d8197ea0c35026cb3842c9f7
 # Remove this line to create a well-formed Fossil manifest.
diff --git a/sqlite/manifest.uuid b/sqlite/manifest.uuid
index f9f720ed..c618d9af 100644
--- a/sqlite/manifest.uuid
+++ b/sqlite/manifest.uuid
@@ -1 +1 @@
-831d0fb2836b71c9bc51067c49fee4b8f18047814f2ff22d817d25195cf350b0
+17129ba1ff7f0daf37100ee82d507aef7827cf38de1866e2633096ae6ad81301
diff --git a/sqlite/mkso.sh b/sqlite/mkso.sh
deleted file mode 100644
index 6f2e8e25..00000000
--- a/sqlite/mkso.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-# This script is used to compile SQLite into a shared library on Linux.
-#
-# Two separate shared libraries are generated.  "sqlite3.so" is the core
-# library.  "tclsqlite3.so" contains the TCL bindings and is the
-# library that is loaded into TCL in order to run SQLite.
-#
-make target_source
-cd tsrc
-rm shell.c
-TCLDIR=/home/drh/tcltk/846/linux/846linux
-TCLSTUBLIB=$TCLDIR/libtclstub8.4g.a
-OPTS='-DUSE_TCL_STUBS=1 -DNDEBUG=1 -DHAVE_DLOPEN=1'
-OPTS="$OPTS -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=1"
-OPTS="$OPTS -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1"
-OPTS="$OPTS -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=1"
-for i in *.c; do
-  if test $i != 'keywordhash.c'; then
-    CMD="cc -fPIC $OPTS -O2 -I. -I$TCLDIR -c $i"
-    echo $CMD
-    $CMD
-  fi
-done
-echo gcc -shared *.o $TCLSTUBLIB -o tclsqlite3.so
-gcc -shared *.o $TCLSTUBLIB -o tclsqlite3.so
-strip tclsqlite3.so
-rm tclsqlite.c tclsqlite.o
-echo gcc -shared *.o -o sqlite3.so
-gcc -shared *.o -o sqlite3.so
-strip sqlite3.so
-cd ..
diff --git a/sqlite/sqlite3.1 b/sqlite/sqlite3.1
index 80353b0e..08b1ff26 100644
--- a/sqlite/sqlite3.1
+++ b/sqlite/sqlite3.1
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 .\" First parameter, NAME, should be all caps
 .\" Second parameter, SECTION, should be 1-8, maybe w/ subsection
 .\" other parameters are allowed: see man(7), man(1)
-.TH SQLITE3 1 "Fri Oct 31 10:41:31 EDT 2014"
+.TH SQLITE3 1 "Fri Aug 11 23:50:12 CET 2023"
 .\" Please adjust this date whenever revising the manpage.
 .\"
 .\" Some roff macros, for reference:
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ a table named "memos" and insert a couple of records into that table:
 $ 
 .B sqlite3 mydata.db
 .br
-SQLite version 3.8.8
+SQLite version 3.43.0 2023-08-11 17:45:23
 .br
-Enter ".help" for instructions
+Enter ".help" for usage hints.
 .br
 sqlite>
 .B create table memos(text, priority INTEGER);
@@ -108,141 +108,13 @@ sqlite>
 .B .help
 .nf
 .tr %.
-%backup ?DB? FILE      Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
-%bail on|off           Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF
-%clone NEWDB           Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database
-%databases             List names and files of attached databases
-%dump ?TABLE? ...      Dump the database in an SQL text format
-                         If TABLE specified, only dump tables matching
-                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
-%echo on|off           Turn command echo on or off
-%eqp on|off            Enable or disable automatic EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
-%exit                  Exit this program
-%explain ?on|off?      Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
-                         With no args, it turns EXPLAIN on.
-%fullschema            Show schema and the content of sqlite_stat tables
-%headers on|off        Turn display of headers on or off
-%help                  Show this message
-%import FILE TABLE     Import data from FILE into TABLE
-%indices ?TABLE?       Show names of all indices
-                         If TABLE specified, only show indices for tables
-                         matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
-%load FILE ?ENTRY?     Load an extension library
-%log FILE|off          Turn logging on or off.  FILE can be stderr/stdout
-%mode MODE ?TABLE?     Set output mode where MODE is one of:
-                         csv      Comma-separated values
-                         column   Left-aligned columns.  (See .width)
-                         html     HTML <table> code
-                         insert   SQL insert statements for TABLE
-                         line     One value per line
-                         list     Values delimited by .separator string
-                         tabs     Tab-separated values
-                         tcl      TCL list elements
-%nullvalue STRING      Use STRING in place of NULL values
-%once FILENAME         Output for the next SQL command only to FILENAME
-%open ?FILENAME?       Close existing database and reopen FILENAME
-%output ?FILENAME?     Send output to FILENAME or stdout
-%print STRING...       Print literal STRING
-%prompt MAIN CONTINUE  Replace the standard prompts
-%quit                  Exit this program
-%read FILENAME         Execute SQL in FILENAME
-%restore ?DB? FILE     Restore content of DB (default "main") from FILE
-%save FILE             Write in-memory database into FILE
-%schema ?TABLE?        Show the CREATE statements
-                         If TABLE specified, only show tables matching
-                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
-%separator STRING ?NL? Change separator used by output mode and .import
-                         NL is the end-of-line mark for CSV
-%shell CMD ARGS...     Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell
-%show                  Show the current values for various settings
-%stats on|off          Turn stats on or off
-%system CMD ARGS...    Run CMD ARGS... in a system shell
-%tables ?TABLE?        List names of tables
-                         If TABLE specified, only list tables matching
-                         LIKE pattern TABLE.
-%timeout MS            Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
-%timer on|off          Turn SQL timer on or off
-%trace FILE|off        Output each SQL statement as it is run
-%vfsname ?AUX?         Print the name of the VFS stack
-%width NUM1 NUM2 ...   Set column widths for "column" mode
-                         Negative values right-justify
-sqlite>
+...
 .sp
 .fi
-.SH OPTIONS
-.B sqlite3
-has the following options:
-.TP
-.B \-bail
-Stop after hitting an error.
-.TP
-.B \-batch
-Force batch I/O.
-.TP
-.B \-column
-Query results will be displayed in a table like form, using
-whitespace characters to separate the columns and align the
-output.
-.TP
-.BI \-cmd\  command
-run
-.I command
-before reading stdin
-.TP
-.B \-csv
-Set output mode to CSV (comma separated values).
-.TP
-.B \-echo
-Print commands before execution.
-.TP
-.BI \-init\  file
-Read and execute commands from
-.I file
-, which can contain a mix of SQL statements and meta-commands.
-.TP
-.B \-[no]header
-Turn headers on or off.
-.TP
-.B \-help
-Show help on options and exit.
-.TP
-.B \-html
-Query results will be output as simple HTML tables.
-.TP
-.B \-interactive
-Force interactive I/O.
-.TP
-.B \-line
-Query results will be displayed with one value per line, rows
-separated by a blank line.  Designed to be easily parsed by
-scripts or other programs
-.TP
-.B \-list
-Query results will be displayed with the separator (|, by default)
-character between each field value.  The default.
-.TP
-.BI \-mmap\  N
-Set default mmap size to
-.I N
-\.
-.TP
-.BI \-nullvalue\  string
-Set string used to represent NULL values.  Default is ''
-(empty string).
-.TP
-.BI \-separator\  separator
-Set output field separator.  Default is '|'.
-.TP
-.B \-stats
-Print memory stats before each finalize.
-.TP
-.B \-version
-Show SQLite version.
-.TP
-.BI \-vfs\  name
-Use
-.I name
-as the default VFS.
+
+The available commands differ by version and build options, so they
+are not listed here. Please refer to your local copy for all available
+options.
 
 
 .SH INIT FILE
@@ -265,22 +137,25 @@ continue prompt = "   ...> "
 .sp
 .fi
 
-o If the file 
+o If the file
+.B ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/sqlite3/sqliterc
+or
 .B ~/.sqliterc
-exists, it is processed first.
-can be found in the user's home directory, it is
-read and processed.  It should generally only contain meta-commands.
+exists, the first of those to be found is processed during startup.
+It should generally only contain meta-commands.
 
 o If the -init option is present, the specified file is processed.
 
 o All other command line options are processed.
 
 .SH SEE ALSO
-http://www.sqlite.org/cli.html
+https://sqlite.org/cli.html
+.br
+https://sqlite.org/fiddle (a WebAssembly build of the CLI app)
 .br
 The sqlite3-doc package.
 .SH AUTHOR
 This manual page was originally written by Andreas Rottmann
 <rotty@debian.org>, for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used
-by others). It was subsequently revised by Bill Bumgarner <bbum@mac.com> and
-further updated by Laszlo Boszormenyi <gcs@debian.hu> .
+by others). It was subsequently revised by Bill Bumgarner <bbum@mac.com>,
+Laszlo Boszormenyi <gcs@debian.hu>, and the sqlite3 developers.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/alter.c b/sqlite/src/alter.c
index 121b6171..ec45e143 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/alter.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/alter.c
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ static void renameTestSchema(
   int bNoDQS                      /* Do not allow DQS in the schema */
 ){
   pParse->colNamesSet = 1;
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "SELECT 1 "
       "FROM \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " "
       "WHERE name NOT LIKE 'sqliteX_%%' ESCAPE 'X'"
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ static void renameTestSchema(
   );
 
   if( bTemp==0 ){
-    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
         "SELECT 1 "
         "FROM temp." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " "
         "WHERE name NOT LIKE 'sqliteX_%%' ESCAPE 'X'"
@@ -82,20 +82,20 @@ static void renameTestSchema(
 
 /*
 ** Generate VM code to replace any double-quoted strings (but not double-quoted
-** identifiers) within the "sql" column of the sqlite_schema table in 
+** identifiers) within the "sql" column of the sqlite_schema table in
 ** database zDb with their single-quoted equivalents. If argument bTemp is
 ** not true, similarly update all SQL statements in the sqlite_schema table
 ** of the temp db.
 */
 static void renameFixQuotes(Parse *pParse, const char *zDb, int bTemp){
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
-      "UPDATE \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
+      "UPDATE \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE
       " SET sql = sqlite_rename_quotefix(%Q, sql)"
       "WHERE name NOT LIKE 'sqliteX_%%' ESCAPE 'X'"
       " AND sql NOT LIKE 'create virtual%%'" , zDb, zDb
   );
   if( bTemp==0 ){
-    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "UPDATE temp." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE
       " SET sql = sqlite_rename_quotefix('temp', sql)"
       "WHERE name NOT LIKE 'sqliteX_%%' ESCAPE 'X'"
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ static void renameReloadSchema(Parse *pParse, int iDb, u16 p5){
 }
 
 /*
-** Generate code to implement the "ALTER TABLE xxx RENAME TO yyy" 
-** command. 
+** Generate code to implement the "ALTER TABLE xxx RENAME TO yyy"
+** command.
 */
 void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
   Parse *pParse,            /* Parser context. */
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
   int iDb;                  /* Database that contains the table */
   char *zDb;                /* Name of database iDb */
   Table *pTab;              /* Table being renamed */
-  char *zName = 0;          /* NULL-terminated version of pName */ 
+  char *zName = 0;          /* NULL-terminated version of pName */
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* Database connection */
   int nTabName;             /* Number of UTF-8 characters in zTabName */
   const char *zTabName;     /* Original name of the table */
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
    || sqlite3FindIndex(db, zName, zDb)
    || sqlite3IsShadowTableOf(db, pTab, zName)
   ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
         "there is already another table or index with this name: %s", zName);
     goto exit_rename_table;
   }
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
 
   /* Begin a transaction for database iDb. Then modify the schema cookie
   ** (since the ALTER TABLE modifies the schema). Call sqlite3MayAbort(),
-  ** as the scalar functions (e.g. sqlite_rename_table()) invoked by the 
+  ** as the scalar functions (e.g. sqlite_rename_table()) invoked by the
   ** nested SQL may raise an exception.  */
   v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
   if( v==0 ){
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
 
   /* Rewrite all CREATE TABLE, INDEX, TRIGGER or VIEW statements in
   ** the schema to use the new table name.  */
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "UPDATE \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " SET "
       "sql = sqlite_rename_table(%Q, type, name, sql, %Q, %Q, %d) "
       "WHERE (type!='index' OR tbl_name=%Q COLLATE nocase)"
@@ -233,14 +233,14 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
              "'sqlite_autoindex_' || %Q || substr(name,%d+18) "
             "ELSE name END "
       "WHERE tbl_name=%Q COLLATE nocase AND "
-          "(type='table' OR type='index' OR type='trigger');", 
+          "(type='table' OR type='index' OR type='trigger');",
       zDb,
-      zName, zName, zName, 
+      zName, zName, zName,
       nTabName, zTabName
   );
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
-  /* If the sqlite_sequence table exists in this database, then update 
+  /* If the sqlite_sequence table exists in this database, then update
   ** it with the new table name.
   */
   if( sqlite3FindTable(db, "sqlite_sequence", zDb) ){
@@ -251,10 +251,10 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
 #endif
 
   /* If the table being renamed is not itself part of the temp database,
-  ** edit view and trigger definitions within the temp database 
+  ** edit view and trigger definitions within the temp database
   ** as required.  */
   if( iDb!=1 ){
-    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
         "UPDATE sqlite_temp_schema SET "
             "sql = sqlite_rename_table(%Q, type, name, sql, %Q, %Q, 1), "
             "tbl_name = "
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
     return;
   }
   if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)==0 ){
-    /* If the default value for the new column was specified with a 
+    /* If the default value for the new column was specified with a
     ** literal NULL, then set pDflt to 0. This simplifies checking
     ** for an SQL NULL default below.
     */
@@ -414,11 +414,11 @@ void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
     ** have to use printf() to translate between these units: */
     assert( IsOrdinaryTable(pTab) );
     assert( IsOrdinaryTable(pNew) );
-    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
         "UPDATE \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " SET "
           "sql = printf('%%.%ds, ',sql) || %Q"
           " || substr(sql,1+length(printf('%%.%ds',sql))) "
-        "WHERE type = 'table' AND name = %Q", 
+        "WHERE type = 'table' AND name = %Q",
       zDb, pNew->u.tab.addColOffset, zCol, pNew->u.tab.addColOffset,
       zTab
     );
@@ -446,14 +446,19 @@ void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
     /* Verify that constraints are still satisfied */
     if( pNew->pCheck!=0
      || (pCol->notNull && (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)!=0)
+     || (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Strict)!=0
     ){
       sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
         "SELECT CASE WHEN quick_check GLOB 'CHECK*'"
         " THEN raise(ABORT,'CHECK constraint failed')"
+        " WHEN quick_check GLOB 'non-* value in*'"
+        " THEN raise(ABORT,'type mismatch on DEFAULT')"
         " ELSE raise(ABORT,'NOT NULL constraint failed')"
         " END"
         "  FROM pragma_quick_check(%Q,%Q)"
-        " WHERE quick_check GLOB 'CHECK*' OR quick_check GLOB 'NULL*'",
+        " WHERE quick_check GLOB 'CHECK*'"
+        " OR quick_check GLOB 'NULL*'"
+        " OR quick_check GLOB 'non-* value in*'",
         zTab, zDb
       );
     }
@@ -462,14 +467,14 @@ void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
 
 /*
 ** This function is called by the parser after the table-name in
-** an "ALTER TABLE <table-name> ADD" statement is parsed. Argument 
+** an "ALTER TABLE <table-name> ADD" statement is parsed. Argument
 ** pSrc is the full-name of the table being altered.
 **
 ** This routine makes a (partial) copy of the Table structure
 ** for the table being altered and sets Parse.pNewTable to point
 ** to it. Routines called by the parser as the column definition
-** is parsed (i.e. sqlite3AddColumn()) add the new Column data to 
-** the copy. The copy of the Table structure is deleted by tokenize.c 
+** is parsed (i.e. sqlite3AddColumn()) add the new Column data to
+** the copy. The copy of the Table structure is deleted by tokenize.c
 ** after parsing is finished.
 **
 ** Routine sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn() will be called to complete
@@ -542,7 +547,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc){
   pNew->u.tab.pDfltList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pTab->u.tab.pDfltList, 0);
   pNew->pSchema = db->aDb[iDb].pSchema;
   pNew->u.tab.addColOffset = pTab->u.tab.addColOffset;
-  pNew->nTabRef = 1;
+  assert( pNew->nTabRef==1 );
 
 exit_begin_add_column:
   sqlite3SrcListDelete(db, pSrc);
@@ -571,7 +576,7 @@ static int isRealTable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int bDrop){
   }
 #endif
   if( zType ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot %s %s \"%s\"", 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot %s %s \"%s\"",
         (bDrop ? "drop column from" : "rename columns of"),
         zType, pTab->zName
     );
@@ -611,7 +616,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameColumn(
   if( SQLITE_OK!=isAlterableTable(pParse, pTab) ) goto exit_rename_column;
   if( SQLITE_OK!=isRealTable(pParse, pTab, 0) ) goto exit_rename_column;
 
-  /* Which schema holds the table to be altered */  
+  /* Which schema holds the table to be altered */ 
   iSchema = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);
   assert( iSchema>=0 );
   zDb = db->aDb[iSchema].zDbSName;
@@ -648,7 +653,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameColumn(
   if( !zNew ) goto exit_rename_column;
   assert( pNew->n>0 );
   bQuote = sqlite3Isquote(pNew->z[0]);
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "UPDATE \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " SET "
       "sql = sqlite_rename_column(sql, type, name, %Q, %Q, %d, %Q, %d, %d) "
       "WHERE name NOT LIKE 'sqliteX_%%' ESCAPE 'X' "
@@ -658,7 +663,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameColumn(
       pTab->zName
   );
 
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "UPDATE temp." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " SET "
       "sql = sqlite_rename_column(sql, type, name, %Q, %Q, %d, %Q, %d, 1) "
       "WHERE type IN ('trigger', 'view')",
@@ -708,7 +713,7 @@ struct RenameCtx {
   RenameToken *pList;             /* List of tokens to overwrite */
   int nList;                      /* Number of tokens in pList */
   int iCol;                       /* Index of column being renamed */
-  Table *pTab;                    /* Table being ALTERed */ 
+  Table *pTab;                    /* Table being ALTERed */
   const char *zOld;               /* Old column name */
 };
 
@@ -716,14 +721,14 @@ struct RenameCtx {
 /*
 ** This function is only for debugging. It performs two tasks:
 **
-**   1. Checks that pointer pPtr does not already appear in the 
+**   1. Checks that pointer pPtr does not already appear in the
 **      rename-token list.
 **
 **   2. Dereferences each pointer in the rename-token list.
 **
 ** The second is most effective when debugging under valgrind or
-** address-sanitizer or similar. If any of these pointers no longer 
-** point to valid objects, an exception is raised by the memory-checking 
+** address-sanitizer or similar. If any of these pointers no longer
+** point to valid objects, an exception is raised by the memory-checking
 ** tool.
 **
 ** The point of this is to prevent comparisons of invalid pointer values.
@@ -918,7 +923,7 @@ void sqlite3RenameExprUnmap(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 }
 
 /*
-** Remove all nodes that are part of expression-list pEList from the 
+** Remove all nodes that are part of expression-list pEList from the
 ** rename list.
 */
 void sqlite3RenameExprlistUnmap(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pEList){
@@ -959,8 +964,8 @@ static void renameTokenFree(sqlite3 *db, RenameToken *pToken){
 ** the list maintained by the RenameCtx object.
 */
 static RenameToken *renameTokenFind(
-  Parse *pParse, 
-  struct RenameCtx *pCtx, 
+  Parse *pParse,
+  struct RenameCtx *pCtx,
   const void *pPtr
 ){
   RenameToken **pp;
@@ -1008,12 +1013,12 @@ static int renameColumnSelectCb(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
 */
 static int renameColumnExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   RenameCtx *p = pWalker->u.pRename;
-  if( pExpr->op==TK_TRIGGER 
-   && pExpr->iColumn==p->iCol 
+  if( pExpr->op==TK_TRIGGER
+   && pExpr->iColumn==p->iCol
    && pWalker->pParse->pTriggerTab==p->pTab
   ){
     renameTokenFind(pWalker->pParse, p, (void*)pExpr);
-  }else if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN 
+  }else if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN
    && pExpr->iColumn==p->iCol
    && ALWAYS(ExprUseYTab(pExpr))
    && p->pTab==pExpr->y.pTab
@@ -1047,14 +1052,14 @@ static RenameToken *renameColumnTokenNext(RenameCtx *pCtx){
 }
 
 /*
-** An error occured while parsing or otherwise processing a database
+** An error occurred while parsing or otherwise processing a database
 ** object (either pParse->pNewTable, pNewIndex or pNewTrigger) as part of an
 ** ALTER TABLE RENAME COLUMN program. The error message emitted by the
 ** sub-routine is currently stored in pParse->zErrMsg. This function
 ** adds context to the error message and then stores it in pCtx.
 */
 static void renameColumnParseError(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   const char *zWhen,
   sqlite3_value *pType,
   sqlite3_value *pObject,
@@ -1064,7 +1069,7 @@ static void renameColumnParseError(
   const char *zN = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pObject);
   char *zErr;
 
-  zErr = sqlite3MPrintf(pParse->db, "error in %s %s%s%s: %s", 
+  zErr = sqlite3MPrintf(pParse->db, "error in %s %s%s%s: %s",
       zT, zN, (zWhen[0] ? " " : ""), zWhen,
       pParse->zErrMsg
   );
@@ -1074,14 +1079,14 @@ static void renameColumnParseError(
 
 /*
 ** For each name in the the expression-list pEList (i.e. each
-** pEList->a[i].zName) that matches the string in zOld, extract the 
+** pEList->a[i].zName) that matches the string in zOld, extract the
 ** corresponding rename-token from Parse object pParse and add it
 ** to the RenameCtx pCtx.
 */
 static void renameColumnElistNames(
-  Parse *pParse, 
-  RenameCtx *pCtx, 
-  const ExprList *pEList, 
+  Parse *pParse,
+  RenameCtx *pCtx,
+  const ExprList *pEList,
   const char *zOld
 ){
   if( pEList ){
@@ -1099,14 +1104,14 @@ static void renameColumnElistNames(
 }
 
 /*
-** For each name in the the id-list pIdList (i.e. each pIdList->a[i].zName) 
-** that matches the string in zOld, extract the corresponding rename-token 
+** For each name in the the id-list pIdList (i.e. each pIdList->a[i].zName)
+** that matches the string in zOld, extract the corresponding rename-token
 ** from Parse object pParse and add it to the RenameCtx pCtx.
 */
 static void renameColumnIdlistNames(
-  Parse *pParse, 
-  RenameCtx *pCtx, 
-  const IdList *pIdList, 
+  Parse *pParse,
+  RenameCtx *pCtx,
+  const IdList *pIdList,
   const char *zOld
 ){
   if( pIdList ){
@@ -1147,7 +1152,7 @@ static int renameParseSql(
   p->nQueryLoop = 1;
   rc = sqlite3RunParser(p, zSql);
   if( db->mallocFailed ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
-  if( rc==SQLITE_OK 
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK
    && NEVER(p->pNewTable==0 && p->pNewIndex==0 && p->pNewTrigger==0)
   ){
     rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
@@ -1196,8 +1201,8 @@ static int renameEditSql(
   char *zBuf2 = 0;
 
   if( zNew ){
-    /* Set zQuot to point to a buffer containing a quoted copy of the 
-    ** identifier zNew. If the corresponding identifier in the original 
+    /* Set zQuot to point to a buffer containing a quoted copy of the
+    ** identifier zNew. If the corresponding identifier in the original
     ** ALTER TABLE statement was quoted (bQuote==1), then set zNew to
     ** point to zQuot so that all substitutions are made using the
     ** quoted version of the new column name.  */
@@ -1220,7 +1225,7 @@ static int renameEditSql(
 
   /* At this point pRename->pList contains a list of RenameToken objects
   ** corresponding to all tokens in the input SQL that must be replaced
-  ** with the new column name, or with single-quoted versions of themselves. 
+  ** with the new column name, or with single-quoted versions of themselves.
   ** All that remains is to construct and return the edited SQL string. */
   if( zOut ){
     int nOut = nSql;
@@ -1259,7 +1264,7 @@ static int renameEditSql(
 
       iOff = pBest->t.z - zSql;
       if( pBest->t.n!=nReplace ){
-        memmove(&zOut[iOff + nReplace], &zOut[iOff + pBest->t.n], 
+        memmove(&zOut[iOff + nReplace], &zOut[iOff + pBest->t.n],
             nOut - (iOff + pBest->t.n)
         );
         nOut += nReplace - pBest->t.n;
@@ -1294,7 +1299,7 @@ static void renameSetENames(ExprList *pEList, int val){
 
 /*
 ** Resolve all symbols in the trigger at pParse->pNewTrigger, assuming
-** it was read from the schema of database zDb. Return SQLITE_OK if 
+** it was read from the schema of database zDb. Return SQLITE_OK if
 ** successful. Otherwise, return an SQLite error code and leave an error
 ** message in the Parse object.
 */
@@ -1308,7 +1313,7 @@ static int renameResolveTrigger(Parse *pParse){
   memset(&sNC, 0, sizeof(sNC));
   sNC.pParse = pParse;
   assert( pNew->pTabSchema );
-  pParse->pTriggerTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, pNew->table, 
+  pParse->pTriggerTab = sqlite3FindTable(db, pNew->table,
       db->aDb[sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pNew->pTabSchema)].zDbSName
   );
   pParse->eTriggerOp = pNew->op;
@@ -1601,7 +1606,7 @@ static void renameColumnFunc(
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto renameColumnFunc_done;
 
     for(pStep=sParse.pNewTrigger->step_list; pStep; pStep=pStep->pNext){
-      if( pStep->zTarget ){ 
+      if( pStep->zTarget ){
         Table *pTarget = sqlite3LocateTable(&sParse, 0, pStep->zTarget, zDb);
         if( pTarget==pTab ){
           if( pStep->pUpsert ){
@@ -1647,7 +1652,7 @@ static void renameColumnFunc(
 }
 
 /*
-** Walker expression callback used by "RENAME TABLE". 
+** Walker expression callback used by "RENAME TABLE".
 */
 static int renameTableExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   RenameCtx *p = pWalker->u.pRename;
@@ -1661,7 +1666,7 @@ static int renameTableExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 }
 
 /*
-** Walker select callback used by "RENAME TABLE". 
+** Walker select callback used by "RENAME TABLE".
 */
 static int renameTableSelectCb(Walker *pWalker, Select *pSelect){
   int i;
@@ -1691,7 +1696,7 @@ static int renameTableSelectCb(Walker *pWalker, Select *pSelect){
 /*
 ** This C function implements an SQL user function that is used by SQL code
 ** generated by the ALTER TABLE ... RENAME command to modify the definition
-** of any foreign key constraints that use the table being renamed as the 
+** of any foreign key constraints that use the table being renamed as the
 ** parent table. It is passed three arguments:
 **
 **   0: The database containing the table being renamed.
@@ -1805,7 +1810,7 @@ static void renameTableFunc(
       else{
         Trigger *pTrigger = sParse.pNewTrigger;
         TriggerStep *pStep;
-        if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(sParse.pNewTrigger->table, zOld) 
+        if( 0==sqlite3_stricmp(sParse.pNewTrigger->table, zOld)
             && sCtx.pTab->pSchema==pTrigger->pTabSchema
           ){
           renameTokenFind(&sParse, &sCtx, sParse.pNewTrigger->table);
@@ -1881,12 +1886,12 @@ static int renameQuotefixExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 **
 **   CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
 **
-**   SELECT sqlite_rename_quotefix('main', 
+**   SELECT sqlite_rename_quotefix('main',
 **       'CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT "a", "string" FROM t1'
 **   );
 **
 ** returns the string:
-** 
+**
 **   CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT "a", 'string' FROM t1
 **
 ** If there is a error in the input SQL, then raise an error, except
@@ -1942,8 +1947,8 @@ static void renameQuotefixFunc(
           sqlite3WalkExprList(&sWalker, sParse.pNewTable->pCheck);
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
           for(i=0; i<sParse.pNewTable->nCol; i++){
-            sqlite3WalkExpr(&sWalker, 
-               sqlite3ColumnExpr(sParse.pNewTable, 
+            sqlite3WalkExpr(&sWalker,
+               sqlite3ColumnExpr(sParse.pNewTable,
                                          &sParse.pNewTable->aCol[i]));
           }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS */
@@ -1960,7 +1965,7 @@ static void renameQuotefixFunc(
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER */
       }
 
-      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){ 
+      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
         rc = renameEditSql(context, &sCtx, zInput, 0, 0);
       }
       renameTokenFree(db, sCtx.pList);
@@ -2071,7 +2076,7 @@ static void renameTableTest(
 
 /*
 ** The implementation of internal UDF sqlite_drop_column().
-** 
+**
 ** Arguments:
 **
 **  argv[0]: An integer - the index of the schema containing the table
@@ -2107,7 +2112,7 @@ static void dropColumnFunc(
   rc = renameParseSql(&sParse, zDb, db, zSql, iSchema==1);
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto drop_column_done;
   pTab = sParse.pNewTable;
-  if( pTab==0 || pTab->nCol==1 || iCol>=pTab->nCol ){ 
+  if( pTab==0 || pTab->nCol==1 || iCol>=pTab->nCol ){
     /* This can happen if the sqlite_schema table is corrupt */
     rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
     goto drop_column_done;
@@ -2139,7 +2144,7 @@ static void dropColumnFunc(
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is called by the parser upon parsing an 
+** This function is called by the parser upon parsing an
 **
 **     ALTER TABLE pSrc DROP COLUMN pName
 **
@@ -2161,7 +2166,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterDropColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc, const Token *pName){
   pTab = sqlite3LocateTableItem(pParse, 0, &pSrc->a[0]);
   if( !pTab ) goto exit_drop_column;
 
-  /* Make sure this is not an attempt to ALTER a view, virtual table or 
+  /* Make sure this is not an attempt to ALTER a view, virtual table or
   ** system table. */
   if( SQLITE_OK!=isAlterableTable(pParse, pTab) ) goto exit_drop_column;
   if( SQLITE_OK!=isRealTable(pParse, pTab, 1) ) goto exit_drop_column;
@@ -2178,10 +2183,10 @@ void sqlite3AlterDropColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc, const Token *pName){
     goto exit_drop_column;
   }
 
-  /* Do not allow the user to drop a PRIMARY KEY column or a column 
+  /* Do not allow the user to drop a PRIMARY KEY column or a column
   ** constrained by a UNIQUE constraint.  */
   if( pTab->aCol[iCol].colFlags & (COLFLAG_PRIMKEY|COLFLAG_UNIQUE) ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot drop %s column: \"%s\"", 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot drop %s column: \"%s\"",
         (pTab->aCol[iCol].colFlags&COLFLAG_PRIMKEY) ? "PRIMARY KEY" : "UNIQUE",
         zCol
     );
@@ -2206,7 +2211,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterDropColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc, const Token *pName){
 #endif
   renameTestSchema(pParse, zDb, iDb==1, "", 0);
   renameFixQuotes(pParse, zDb, iDb==1);
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "UPDATE \"%w\"." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " SET "
       "sql = sqlite_drop_column(%d, sql, %d) "
       "WHERE (type=='table' AND tbl_name=%Q COLLATE nocase)"
diff --git a/sqlite/src/analyze.c b/sqlite/src/analyze.c
index 0823bcae..a7a8b6d6 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/analyze.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/analyze.c
@@ -1849,14 +1849,15 @@ static int loadStatTbl(
     decodeIntArray((char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,2),nCol,pSample->anLt,0,0);
     decodeIntArray((char*)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt,3),nCol,pSample->anDLt,0,0);
 
-    /* Take a copy of the sample. Add two 0x00 bytes the end of the buffer.
+    /* Take a copy of the sample. Add 8 extra 0x00 bytes the end of the buffer.
     ** This is in case the sample record is corrupted. In that case, the
     ** sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare() may read up to two varints past the
     ** end of the allocated buffer before it realizes it is dealing with
-    ** a corrupt record. Adding the two 0x00 bytes prevents this from causing
+    ** a corrupt record.  Or it might try to read a large integer from the
+    ** buffer.  In any case, eight 0x00 bytes prevents this from causing
     ** a buffer overread.  */
     pSample->n = sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 4);
-    pSample->p = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, pSample->n + 2);
+    pSample->p = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, pSample->n + 8);
     if( pSample->p==0 ){
       sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
       return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/auth.c b/sqlite/src/auth.c
index 3a4f73a2..fa6c82d8 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/auth.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/auth.c
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ int sqlite3AuthCheck(
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
   int rc;
 
-  /* Don't do any authorization checks if the database is initialising
+  /* Don't do any authorization checks if the database is initializing
   ** or if the parser is being invoked from within sqlite3_declare_vtab.
   */
   assert( !IN_RENAME_OBJECT || db->xAuth==0 );
diff --git a/sqlite/src/bitvec.c b/sqlite/src/bitvec.c
index 9393428d..13f87d56 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/bitvec.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/bitvec.c
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 ** property.  Usually only a few pages are meet either condition.
 ** So the bitmap is usually sparse and has low cardinality.
 ** But sometimes (for example when during a DROP of a large table) most
-** or all of the pages in a database can get journalled.  In those cases, 
-** the bitmap becomes dense with high cardinality.  The algorithm needs 
+** or all of the pages in a database can get journalled.  In those cases,
+** the bitmap becomes dense with high cardinality.  The algorithm needs
 ** to handle both cases well.
 **
 ** The size of the bitmap is fixed when the object is created.
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@
 /* Size of the Bitvec structure in bytes. */
 #define BITVEC_SZ        512
 
-/* Round the union size down to the nearest pointer boundary, since that's how 
+/* Round the union size down to the nearest pointer boundary, since that's how
 ** it will be aligned within the Bitvec struct. */
 #define BITVEC_USIZE \
     (((BITVEC_SZ-(3*sizeof(u32)))/sizeof(Bitvec*))*sizeof(Bitvec*))
 
-/* Type of the array "element" for the bitmap representation. 
-** Should be a power of 2, and ideally, evenly divide into BITVEC_USIZE. 
+/* Type of the array "element" for the bitmap representation.
+** Should be a power of 2, and ideally, evenly divide into BITVEC_USIZE.
 ** Setting this to the "natural word" size of your CPU may improve
 ** performance. */
 #define BITVEC_TELEM     u8
@@ -58,12 +58,12 @@
 
 /* Number of u32 values in hash table. */
 #define BITVEC_NINT      (BITVEC_USIZE/sizeof(u32))
-/* Maximum number of entries in hash table before 
+/* Maximum number of entries in hash table before
 ** sub-dividing and re-hashing. */
 #define BITVEC_MXHASH    (BITVEC_NINT/2)
 /* Hashing function for the aHash representation.
-** Empirical testing showed that the *37 multiplier 
-** (an arbitrary prime)in the hash function provided 
+** Empirical testing showed that the *37 multiplier
+** (an arbitrary prime)in the hash function provided
 ** no fewer collisions than the no-op *1. */
 #define BITVEC_HASH(X)   (((X)*1)%BITVEC_NINT)
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ struct Bitvec {
 
 /*
 ** Create a new bitmap object able to handle bits between 0 and iSize,
-** inclusive.  Return a pointer to the new object.  Return NULL if 
+** inclusive.  Return a pointer to the new object.  Return NULL if
 ** malloc fails.
 */
 Bitvec *sqlite3BitvecCreate(u32 iSize){
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ int sqlite3BitvecSet(Bitvec *p, u32 i){
   h = BITVEC_HASH(i++);
   /* if there wasn't a hash collision, and this doesn't */
   /* completely fill the hash, then just add it without */
-  /* worring about sub-dividing and re-hashing. */
+  /* worrying about sub-dividing and re-hashing. */
   if( !p->u.aHash[h] ){
     if (p->nSet<(BITVEC_NINT-1)) {
       goto bitvec_set_end;
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ int sqlite3BitvecBuiltinTest(int sz, int *aOp){
         break;
       }
       case 3:
-      case 4: 
+      case 4:
       default: {
         nx = 2;
         sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(i), &i);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/btmutex.c b/sqlite/src/btmutex.c
index 45745b00..232831e0 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/btmutex.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/btmutex.c
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(Btree *p){
 **
 ** There is a corresponding leave-all procedures.
 **
-** Enter the mutexes in accending order by BtShared pointer address
+** Enter the mutexes in ascending order by BtShared pointer address
 ** to avoid the possibility of deadlock when two threads with
 ** two or more btrees in common both try to lock all their btrees
 ** at the same instant.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/btree.c b/sqlite/src/btree.c
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 87bc0058..5be30d56
--- a/sqlite/src/btree.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/btree.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 #define BTALLOC_LE    2           /* Allocate any page <= the parameter */
 
 /*
-** Macro IfNotOmitAV(x) returns (x) if SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM is not 
+** Macro IfNotOmitAV(x) returns (x) if SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM is not
 ** defined, or 0 if it is. For example:
 **
 **   bIncrVacuum = IfNotOmitAV(pBtShared->incrVacuum);
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 /*
 ** A list of BtShared objects that are eligible for participation
 ** in shared cache.  This variable has file scope during normal builds,
-** but the test harness needs to access it so we make it global for 
+** but the test harness needs to access it so we make it global for
 ** test builds.
 **
 ** Access to this variable is protected by SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN.
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int enable){
   ** manipulate entries in the BtShared.pLock linked list used to store
   ** shared-cache table level locks. If the library is compiled with the
   ** shared-cache feature disabled, then there is only ever one user
-  ** of each BtShared structure and so this locking is not necessary. 
+  ** of each BtShared structure and so this locking is not necessary.
   ** So define the lock related functions as no-ops.
   */
   #define querySharedCacheTableLock(a,b,c) SQLITE_OK
@@ -157,15 +157,15 @@ int corruptPageError(int lineno, MemPage *p){
 /*
 **** This function is only used as part of an assert() statement. ***
 **
-** Check to see if pBtree holds the required locks to read or write to the 
+** Check to see if pBtree holds the required locks to read or write to the
 ** table with root page iRoot.   Return 1 if it does and 0 if not.
 **
-** For example, when writing to a table with root-page iRoot via 
+** For example, when writing to a table with root-page iRoot via
 ** Btree connection pBtree:
 **
 **    assert( hasSharedCacheTableLock(pBtree, iRoot, 0, WRITE_LOCK) );
 **
-** When writing to an index that resides in a sharable database, the 
+** When writing to an index that resides in a sharable database, the
 ** caller should have first obtained a lock specifying the root page of
 ** the corresponding table. This makes things a bit more complicated,
 ** as this module treats each table as a separate structure. To determine
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ static int hasSharedCacheTableLock(
   BtLock *pLock;
 
   /* If this database is not shareable, or if the client is reading
-  ** and has the read-uncommitted flag set, then no lock is required. 
+  ** and has the read-uncommitted flag set, then no lock is required.
   ** Return true immediately.
   */
   if( (pBtree->sharable==0)
@@ -229,13 +229,13 @@ static int hasSharedCacheTableLock(
     iTab = iRoot;
   }
 
-  /* Search for the required lock. Either a write-lock on root-page iTab, a 
+  /* Search for the required lock. Either a write-lock on root-page iTab, a
   ** write-lock on the schema table, or (if the client is reading) a
   ** read-lock on iTab will suffice. Return 1 if any of these are found.  */
   for(pLock=pBtree->pBt->pLock; pLock; pLock=pLock->pNext){
-    if( pLock->pBtree==pBtree 
+    if( pLock->pBtree==pBtree
      && (pLock->iTable==iTab || (pLock->eLock==WRITE_LOCK && pLock->iTable==1))
-     && pLock->eLock>=eLockType 
+     && pLock->eLock>=eLockType
     ){
       return 1;
     }
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ static int hasSharedCacheTableLock(
 static int hasReadConflicts(Btree *pBtree, Pgno iRoot){
   BtCursor *p;
   for(p=pBtree->pBt->pCursor; p; p=p->pNext){
-    if( p->pgnoRoot==iRoot 
+    if( p->pgnoRoot==iRoot
      && p->pBtree!=pBtree
      && 0==(p->pBtree->db->flags & SQLITE_ReadUncommit)
     ){
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static int hasReadConflicts(Btree *pBtree, Pgno iRoot){
 #endif    /* #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG */
 
 /*
-** Query to see if Btree handle p may obtain a lock of type eLock 
+** Query to see if Btree handle p may obtain a lock of type eLock
 ** (READ_LOCK or WRITE_LOCK) on the table with root-page iTab. Return
 ** SQLITE_OK if the lock may be obtained (by calling
 ** setSharedCacheTableLock()), or SQLITE_LOCKED if not.
@@ -293,14 +293,14 @@ static int querySharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTab, u8 eLock){
   assert( eLock==READ_LOCK || eLock==WRITE_LOCK );
   assert( p->db!=0 );
   assert( !(p->db->flags&SQLITE_ReadUncommit)||eLock==WRITE_LOCK||iTab==1 );
-  
+ 
   /* If requesting a write-lock, then the Btree must have an open write
-  ** transaction on this file. And, obviously, for this to be so there 
+  ** transaction on this file. And, obviously, for this to be so there
   ** must be an open write transaction on the file itself.
   */
   assert( eLock==READ_LOCK || (p==pBt->pWriter && p->inTrans==TRANS_WRITE) );
   assert( eLock==READ_LOCK || pBt->inTransaction==TRANS_WRITE );
-  
+ 
   /* This routine is a no-op if the shared-cache is not enabled */
   if( !p->sharable ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ static int querySharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTab, u8 eLock){
   }
 
   for(pIter=pBt->pLock; pIter; pIter=pIter->pNext){
-    /* The condition (pIter->eLock!=eLock) in the following if(...) 
+    /* The condition (pIter->eLock!=eLock) in the following if(...)
     ** statement is a simplification of:
     **
     **   (eLock==WRITE_LOCK || pIter->eLock==WRITE_LOCK)
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ static int querySharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTab, u8 eLock){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
 /*
 ** Add a lock on the table with root-page iTable to the shared-btree used
-** by Btree handle p. Parameter eLock must be either READ_LOCK or 
+** by Btree handle p. Parameter eLock must be either READ_LOCK or
 ** WRITE_LOCK.
 **
 ** This function assumes the following:
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ static int querySharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTab, u8 eLock){
 **       with the requested lock (i.e. querySharedCacheTableLock() has
 **       already been called and returned SQLITE_OK).
 **
-** SQLITE_OK is returned if the lock is added successfully. SQLITE_NOMEM 
+** SQLITE_OK is returned if the lock is added successfully. SQLITE_NOMEM
 ** is returned if a malloc attempt fails.
 */
 static int setSharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTable, u8 eLock){
@@ -368,11 +368,11 @@ static int setSharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTable, u8 eLock){
 
   /* A connection with the read-uncommitted flag set will never try to
   ** obtain a read-lock using this function. The only read-lock obtained
-  ** by a connection in read-uncommitted mode is on the sqlite_schema 
+  ** by a connection in read-uncommitted mode is on the sqlite_schema
   ** table, and that lock is obtained in BtreeBeginTrans().  */
   assert( 0==(p->db->flags&SQLITE_ReadUncommit) || eLock==WRITE_LOCK );
 
-  /* This function should only be called on a sharable b-tree after it 
+  /* This function should only be called on a sharable b-tree after it
   ** has been determined that no other b-tree holds a conflicting lock.  */
   assert( p->sharable );
   assert( SQLITE_OK==querySharedCacheTableLock(p, iTable, eLock) );
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ static int setSharedCacheTableLock(Btree *p, Pgno iTable, u8 eLock){
 ** Release all the table locks (locks obtained via calls to
 ** the setSharedCacheTableLock() procedure) held by Btree object p.
 **
-** This function assumes that Btree p has an open read or write 
+** This function assumes that Btree p has an open read or write
 ** transaction. If it does not, then the BTS_PENDING flag
 ** may be incorrectly cleared.
 */
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ static void clearAllSharedCacheTableLocks(Btree *p){
     pBt->pWriter = 0;
     pBt->btsFlags &= ~(BTS_EXCLUSIVE|BTS_PENDING);
   }else if( pBt->nTransaction==2 ){
-    /* This function is called when Btree p is concluding its 
+    /* This function is called when Btree p is concluding its
     ** transaction. If there currently exists a writer, and p is not
     ** that writer, then the number of locks held by connections other
     ** than the writer must be about to drop to zero. In this case
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ static int cursorHoldsMutex(BtCursor *p){
 }
 
 /* Verify that the cursor and the BtShared agree about what is the current
-** database connetion. This is important in shared-cache mode. If the database 
+** database connetion. This is important in shared-cache mode. If the database
 ** connection pointers get out-of-sync, it is possible for routines like
 ** btreeInitPage() to reference an stale connection pointer that references a
 ** a connection that has already closed.  This routine is used inside assert()
@@ -566,8 +566,8 @@ static void invalidateIncrblobCursors(
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB */
 
 /*
-** Set bit pgno of the BtShared.pHasContent bitvec. This is called 
-** when a page that previously contained data becomes a free-list leaf 
+** Set bit pgno of the BtShared.pHasContent bitvec. This is called
+** when a page that previously contained data becomes a free-list leaf
 ** page.
 **
 ** The BtShared.pHasContent bitvec exists to work around an obscure
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ static void invalidateIncrblobCursors(
 ** may be lost. In the event of a rollback, it may not be possible
 ** to restore the database to its original configuration.
 **
-** The solution is the BtShared.pHasContent bitvec. Whenever a page is 
+** The solution is the BtShared.pHasContent bitvec. Whenever a page is
 ** moved to become a free-list leaf page, the corresponding bit is
 ** set in the bitvec. Whenever a leaf page is extracted from the free-list,
 ** optimization 2 above is omitted if the corresponding bit is already
@@ -654,13 +654,13 @@ static void btreeReleaseAllCursorPages(BtCursor *pCur){
 ** The cursor passed as the only argument must point to a valid entry
 ** when this function is called (i.e. have eState==CURSOR_VALID). This
 ** function saves the current cursor key in variables pCur->nKey and
-** pCur->pKey. SQLITE_OK is returned if successful or an SQLite error 
+** pCur->pKey. SQLITE_OK is returned if successful or an SQLite error
 ** code otherwise.
 **
 ** If the cursor is open on an intkey table, then the integer key
 ** (the rowid) is stored in pCur->nKey and pCur->pKey is left set to
-** NULL. If the cursor is open on a non-intkey table, then pCur->pKey is 
-** set to point to a malloced buffer pCur->nKey bytes in size containing 
+** NULL. If the cursor is open on a non-intkey table, then pCur->pKey is
+** set to point to a malloced buffer pCur->nKey bytes in size containing
 ** the key.
 */
 static int saveCursorKey(BtCursor *pCur){
@@ -676,8 +676,8 @@ static int saveCursorKey(BtCursor *pCur){
     /* For an index btree, save the complete key content. It is possible
     ** that the current key is corrupt. In that case, it is possible that
     ** the sqlite3VdbeRecordUnpack() function may overread the buffer by
-    ** up to the size of 1 varint plus 1 8-byte value when the cursor 
-    ** position is restored. Hence the 17 bytes of padding allocated 
+    ** up to the size of 1 varint plus 1 8-byte value when the cursor
+    ** position is restored. Hence the 17 bytes of padding allocated
     ** below. */
     void *pKey;
     pCur->nKey = sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(pCur);
@@ -699,11 +699,11 @@ static int saveCursorKey(BtCursor *pCur){
 }
 
 /*
-** Save the current cursor position in the variables BtCursor.nKey 
+** Save the current cursor position in the variables BtCursor.nKey
 ** and BtCursor.pKey. The cursor's state is set to CURSOR_REQUIRESEEK.
 **
 ** The caller must ensure that the cursor is valid (has eState==CURSOR_VALID)
-** prior to calling this routine.  
+** prior to calling this routine. 
 */
 static int saveCursorPosition(BtCursor *pCur){
   int rc;
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ static int SQLITE_NOINLINE saveCursorsOnList(BtCursor*,Pgno,BtCursor*);
 ** routine is called just before cursor pExcept is used to modify the
 ** table, for example in BtreeDelete() or BtreeInsert().
 **
-** If there are two or more cursors on the same btree, then all such 
+** If there are two or more cursors on the same btree, then all such
 ** cursors should have their BTCF_Multiple flag set.  The btreeCursor()
 ** routine enforces that rule.  This routine only needs to be called in
 ** the uncommon case when pExpect has the BTCF_Multiple flag set.
@@ -840,9 +840,9 @@ static int btreeMoveto(
 
 /*
 ** Restore the cursor to the position it was in (or as close to as possible)
-** when saveCursorPosition() was called. Note that this call deletes the 
+** when saveCursorPosition() was called. Note that this call deletes the
 ** saved position info stored by saveCursorPosition(), so there can be
-** at most one effective restoreCursorPosition() call after each 
+** at most one effective restoreCursorPosition() call after each
 ** saveCursorPosition().
 */
 static int btreeRestoreCursorPosition(BtCursor *pCur){
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ BtCursor *sqlite3BtreeFakeValidCursor(void){
 /*
 ** This routine restores a cursor back to its original position after it
 ** has been moved by some outside activity (such as a btree rebalance or
-** a row having been deleted out from under the cursor).  
+** a row having been deleted out from under the cursor). 
 **
 ** On success, the *pDifferentRow parameter is false if the cursor is left
 ** pointing at exactly the same row.  *pDifferntRow is the row the cursor
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ static Pgno ptrmapPageno(BtShared *pBt, Pgno pgno){
   if( pgno<2 ) return 0;
   nPagesPerMapPage = (pBt->usableSize/5)+1;
   iPtrMap = (pgno-2)/nPagesPerMapPage;
-  ret = (iPtrMap*nPagesPerMapPage) + 2; 
+  ret = (iPtrMap*nPagesPerMapPage) + 2;
   if( ret==PENDING_BYTE_PAGE(pBt) ){
     ret++;
   }
@@ -1480,7 +1480,7 @@ static u16 cellSizePtrTableLeaf(MemPage *pPage, u8 *pCell){
     }while( *(pIter)>=0x80 && pIter<pEnd );
   }
   pIter++;
-  /* pIter now points at the 64-bit integer key value, a variable length 
+  /* pIter now points at the 64-bit integer key value, a variable length
   ** integer. The following block moves pIter to point at the first byte
   ** past the end of the key value. */
   if( (*pIter++)&0x80
@@ -1533,7 +1533,7 @@ static void ptrmapPutOvflPtr(MemPage *pPage, MemPage *pSrc, u8 *pCell,int *pRC){
   pPage->xParseCell(pPage, pCell, &info);
   if( info.nLocal<info.nPayload ){
     Pgno ovfl;
-    if( SQLITE_WITHIN(pSrc->aDataEnd, pCell, pCell+info.nLocal) ){
+    if( SQLITE_OVERFLOW(pSrc->aDataEnd, pCell, pCell+info.nLocal) ){
       testcase( pSrc!=pPage );
       *pRC = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
       return;
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ static int defragmentPage(MemPage *pPage, int nMaxFrag){
   /* This block handles pages with two or fewer free blocks and nMaxFrag
   ** or fewer fragmented bytes. In this case it is faster to move the
   ** two (or one) blocks of cells using memmove() and add the required
-  ** offsets to each pointer in the cell-pointer array than it is to 
+  ** offsets to each pointer in the cell-pointer array than it is to
   ** reconstruct the entire page.  */
   if( (int)data[hdr+7]<=nMaxFrag ){
     int iFree = get2byte(&data[hdr+1]);
@@ -1634,7 +1634,7 @@ static int defragmentPage(MemPage *pPage, int nMaxFrag){
   iCellStart = get2byte(&data[hdr+5]);
   if( nCell>0 ){
     temp = sqlite3PagerTempSpace(pPage->pBt->pPager);
-    memcpy(&temp[iCellStart], &data[iCellStart], usableSize - iCellStart);
+    memcpy(temp, data, usableSize);
     src = temp;
     for(i=0; i<nCell; i++){
       u8 *pAddr;     /* The i-th cell pointer */
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@ static SQLITE_INLINE int allocateSpace(MemPage *pPage, int nByte, int *pIdx){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;                  /* Integer return code */
   u8 *pTmp;                            /* Temp ptr into data[] */
   int gap;        /* First byte of gap between cell pointers and cell content */
-  
+ 
   assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pPage->pDbPage) );
   assert( pPage->pBt );
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pPage->pBt->mutex) );
@@ -1858,7 +1858,7 @@ static SQLITE_INLINE int allocateSpace(MemPage *pPage, int nByte, int *pIdx){
 **
 ** Even though the freeblock list was checked by btreeComputeFreeSpace(),
 ** that routine will not detect overlap between cells or freeblocks.  Nor
-** does it detect cells or freeblocks that encrouch into the reserved bytes
+** does it detect cells or freeblocks that encroach into the reserved bytes
 ** at the end of the page.  So do additional corruption checks inside this
 ** routine and return SQLITE_CORRUPT if any problems are found.
 */
@@ -1881,7 +1881,7 @@ static int freeSpace(MemPage *pPage, u16 iStart, u16 iSize){
   assert( iSize>=4 );   /* Minimum cell size is 4 */
   assert( CORRUPT_DB || iStart<=pPage->pBt->usableSize-4 );
 
-  /* The list of freeblocks must be in ascending order.  Find the 
+  /* The list of freeblocks must be in ascending order.  Find the
   ** spot on the list where iStart should be inserted.
   */
   hdr = pPage->hdrOffset;
@@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@ static int freeSpace(MemPage *pPage, u16 iStart, u16 iSize){
       return SQLITE_CORRUPT_PAGE(pPage);
     }
     assert( iFreeBlk>iPtr || iFreeBlk==0 || CORRUPT_DB );
-  
+ 
     /* At this point:
     **    iFreeBlk:   First freeblock after iStart, or zero if none
     **    iPtr:       The address of a pointer to iFreeBlk
@@ -1917,7 +1917,7 @@ static int freeSpace(MemPage *pPage, u16 iStart, u16 iSize){
       iSize = iEnd - iStart;
       iFreeBlk = get2byte(&data[iFreeBlk]);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* If iPtr is another freeblock (that is, if iPtr is not the freelist
     ** pointer in the page header) then check to see if iStart should be
     ** coalesced onto the end of iPtr.
@@ -2075,7 +2075,7 @@ static int btreeComputeFreeSpace(MemPage *pPage){
       /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-55530-52930 In a well-formed b-tree page, there will
       ** always be at least one cell before the first freeblock.
       */
-      return SQLITE_CORRUPT_PAGE(pPage); 
+      return SQLITE_CORRUPT_PAGE(pPage);
     }
     while( 1 ){
       if( pc>iCellLast ){
@@ -2114,7 +2114,7 @@ static int btreeComputeFreeSpace(MemPage *pPage){
 
 /*
 ** Do additional sanity check after btreeInitPage() if
-** PRAGMA cell_size_check=ON 
+** PRAGMA cell_size_check=ON
 */
 static SQLITE_NOINLINE int btreeCellSizeCheck(MemPage *pPage){
   int iCellFirst;    /* First allowable cell or freeblock offset */
@@ -2152,7 +2152,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int btreeCellSizeCheck(MemPage *pPage){
 ** Initialize the auxiliary information for a disk block.
 **
 ** Return SQLITE_OK on success.  If we see that the page does
-** not contain a well-formed database page, then return 
+** not contain a well-formed database page, then return
 ** SQLITE_CORRUPT.  Note that a return of SQLITE_OK does not
 ** guarantee that the page is well-formed.  It only shows that
 ** we failed to detect any corruption.
@@ -2257,7 +2257,7 @@ static MemPage *btreePageFromDbPage(DbPage *pDbPage, Pgno pgno, BtShared *pBt){
     pPage->hdrOffset = pgno==1 ? 100 : 0;
   }
   assert( pPage->aData==sqlite3PagerGetData(pDbPage) );
-  return pPage; 
+  return pPage;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2317,68 +2317,41 @@ Pgno sqlite3BtreeLastPage(Btree *p){
 
 /*
 ** Get a page from the pager and initialize it.
-**
-** If pCur!=0 then the page is being fetched as part of a moveToChild()
-** call.  Do additional sanity checking on the page in this case.
-** And if the fetch fails, this routine must decrement pCur->iPage.
-**
-** The page is fetched as read-write unless pCur is not NULL and is
-** a read-only cursor.
-**
-** If an error occurs, then *ppPage is undefined. It
-** may remain unchanged, or it may be set to an invalid value.
 */
 static int getAndInitPage(
   BtShared *pBt,                  /* The database file */
   Pgno pgno,                      /* Number of the page to get */
   MemPage **ppPage,               /* Write the page pointer here */
-  BtCursor *pCur,                 /* Cursor to receive the page, or NULL */
   int bReadOnly                   /* True for a read-only page */
 ){
   int rc;
   DbPage *pDbPage;
+  MemPage *pPage;
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pBt->mutex) );
-  assert( pCur==0 || ppPage==&pCur->pPage );
-  assert( pCur==0 || bReadOnly==pCur->curPagerFlags );
-  assert( pCur==0 || pCur->iPage>0 );
 
   if( pgno>btreePagecount(pBt) ){
-    rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
-    goto getAndInitPage_error1;
+    *ppPage = 0;
+    return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
   }
   rc = sqlite3PagerGet(pBt->pPager, pgno, (DbPage**)&pDbPage, bReadOnly);
   if( rc ){
-    goto getAndInitPage_error1;
+    *ppPage = 0;
+    return rc;
   }
-  *ppPage = (MemPage*)sqlite3PagerGetExtra(pDbPage);
-  if( (*ppPage)->isInit==0 ){
+  pPage = (MemPage*)sqlite3PagerGetExtra(pDbPage);
+  if( pPage->isInit==0 ){
     btreePageFromDbPage(pDbPage, pgno, pBt);
-    rc = btreeInitPage(*ppPage);
+    rc = btreeInitPage(pPage);
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
-      goto getAndInitPage_error2;
+      releasePage(pPage);
+      *ppPage = 0;
+      return rc;
     }
   }
-  assert( (*ppPage)->pgno==pgno || CORRUPT_DB );
-  assert( (*ppPage)->aData==sqlite3PagerGetData(pDbPage) );
-
-  /* If obtaining a child page for a cursor, we must verify that the page is
-  ** compatible with the root page. */
-  if( pCur && ((*ppPage)->nCell<1 || (*ppPage)->intKey!=pCur->curIntKey) ){
-    rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(pgno);
-    goto getAndInitPage_error2;
-  }
+  assert( pPage->pgno==pgno || CORRUPT_DB );
+  assert( pPage->aData==sqlite3PagerGetData(pDbPage) );
+  *ppPage = pPage;
   return SQLITE_OK;
-
-getAndInitPage_error2:
-  releasePage(*ppPage);
-getAndInitPage_error1:
-  if( pCur ){
-    pCur->iPage--;
-    pCur->pPage = pCur->apPage[pCur->iPage];
-  }
-  testcase( pgno==0 );
-  assert( pgno!=0 || rc!=SQLITE_OK );
-  return rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2461,7 +2434,7 @@ static void pageReinit(DbPage *pData){
       ** call to btreeInitPage() will likely return SQLITE_CORRUPT.
       ** But no harm is done by this.  And it is very important that
       ** btreeInitPage() be called on every btree page so we make
-      ** the call for every page that comes in for re-initing. */
+      ** the call for every page that comes in for re-initializing. */
       btreeInitPage(pPage);
     }
   }
@@ -2479,11 +2452,11 @@ static int btreeInvokeBusyHandler(void *pArg){
 
 /*
 ** Open a database file.
-** 
+**
 ** zFilename is the name of the database file.  If zFilename is NULL
 ** then an ephemeral database is created.  The ephemeral database might
 ** be exclusively in memory, or it might use a disk-based memory cache.
-** Either way, the ephemeral database will be automatically deleted 
+** Either way, the ephemeral database will be automatically deleted
 ** when sqlite3BtreeClose() is called.
 **
 ** If zFilename is ":memory:" then an in-memory database is created
@@ -2516,7 +2489,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeOpen(
   /* True if opening an ephemeral, temporary database */
   const int isTempDb = zFilename==0 || zFilename[0]==0;
 
-  /* Set the variable isMemdb to true for an in-memory database, or 
+  /* Set the variable isMemdb to true for an in-memory database, or
   ** false for a file-based database.
   */
 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORYDB
@@ -2639,7 +2612,10 @@ int sqlite3BtreeOpen(
     assert( sizeof(u32)==4 );
     assert( sizeof(u16)==2 );
     assert( sizeof(Pgno)==4 );
-  
+
+    /* Suppress false-positive compiler warning from PVS-Studio */
+    memset(&zDbHeader[16], 0, 8);
+ 
     pBt = sqlite3MallocZero( sizeof(*pBt) );
     if( pBt==0 ){
       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
@@ -2658,7 +2634,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeOpen(
     pBt->db = db;
     sqlite3PagerSetBusyHandler(pBt->pPager, btreeInvokeBusyHandler, pBt);
     p->pBt = pBt;
-  
+ 
     pBt->pCursor = 0;
     pBt->pPage1 = 0;
     if( sqlite3PagerIsreadonly(pBt->pPager) ) pBt->btsFlags |= BTS_READ_ONLY;
@@ -2702,7 +2678,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeOpen(
     if( rc ) goto btree_open_out;
     pBt->usableSize = pBt->pageSize - nReserve;
     assert( (pBt->pageSize & 7)==0 );  /* 8-byte alignment of pageSize */
-   
+  
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO)
     /* Add the new BtShared object to the linked list sharable BtShareds.
     */
@@ -2831,7 +2807,7 @@ static int removeFromSharingList(BtShared *pBt){
 }
 
 /*
-** Make sure pBt->pTmpSpace points to an allocation of 
+** Make sure pBt->pTmpSpace points to an allocation of
 ** MX_CELL_SIZE(pBt) bytes with a 4-byte prefix for a left-child
 ** pointer.
 */
@@ -2856,7 +2832,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int allocateTempSpace(BtShared *pBt){
   ** can mean that fillInCell() only initializes the first 2 or 3
   ** bytes of pTmpSpace, but that the first 4 bytes are copied from
   ** it into a database page. This is not actually a problem, but it
-  ** does cause a valgrind error when the 1 or 2 bytes of unitialized 
+  ** does cause a valgrind error when the 1 or 2 bytes of uninitialized
   ** data is passed to system call write(). So to avoid this error,
   ** zero the first 4 bytes of temp space here.
   **
@@ -2911,7 +2887,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeClose(Btree *p){
   sqlite3BtreeLeave(p);
 
   /* If there are still other outstanding references to the shared-btree
-  ** structure, return now. The remainder of this procedure cleans 
+  ** structure, return now. The remainder of this procedure cleans
   ** up the shared-btree.
   */
   assert( p->wantToLock==0 && p->locked==0 );
@@ -3017,7 +2993,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeSetPagerFlags(
 
 /*
 ** Change the default pages size and the number of reserved bytes per page.
-** Or, if the page size has already been fixed, return SQLITE_READONLY 
+** Or, if the page size has already been fixed, return SQLITE_READONLY
 ** without changing anything.
 **
 ** The page size must be a power of 2 between 512 and 65536.  If the page
@@ -3077,7 +3053,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeGetPageSize(Btree *p){
 ** held.
 **
 ** This is useful in one special case in the backup API code where it is
-** known that the shared b-tree mutex is held, but the mutex on the 
+** known that the shared b-tree mutex is held, but the mutex on the
 ** database handle that owns *p is not. In this case if sqlite3BtreeEnter()
 ** were to be called, it might collide with some other operation on the
 ** database handle that owns *p, causing undefined behavior.
@@ -3091,7 +3067,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeGetReserveNoMutex(Btree *p){
 
 /*
 ** Return the number of bytes of space at the end of every page that
-** are intentually left unused.  This is the "reserved" space that is
+** are intentionally left unused.  This is the "reserved" space that is
 ** sometimes used by extensions.
 **
 ** The value returned is the larger of the current reserve size and
@@ -3157,7 +3133,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeSecureDelete(Btree *p, int newFlag){
 /*
 ** Change the 'auto-vacuum' property of the database. If the 'autoVacuum'
 ** parameter is non-zero, then auto-vacuum mode is enabled. If zero, it
-** is disabled. The default value for the auto-vacuum property is 
+** is disabled. The default value for the auto-vacuum property is
 ** determined by the SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM macro.
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeSetAutoVacuum(Btree *p, int autoVacuum){
@@ -3181,7 +3157,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeSetAutoVacuum(Btree *p, int autoVacuum){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return the value of the 'auto-vacuum' property. If auto-vacuum is 
+** Return the value of the 'auto-vacuum' property. If auto-vacuum is
 ** enabled 1 is returned. Otherwise 0.
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeGetAutoVacuum(Btree *p){
@@ -3213,9 +3189,9 @@ static void setDefaultSyncFlag(BtShared *pBt, u8 safety_level){
   Db *pDb;
   if( (db=pBt->db)!=0 && (pDb=db->aDb)!=0 ){
     while( pDb->pBt==0 || pDb->pBt->pBt!=pBt ){ pDb++; }
-    if( pDb->bSyncSet==0 
-     && pDb->safety_level!=safety_level 
-     && pDb!=&db->aDb[1] 
+    if( pDb->bSyncSet==0
+     && pDb->safety_level!=safety_level
+     && pDb!=&db->aDb[1]
     ){
       pDb->safety_level = safety_level;
       sqlite3PagerSetFlags(pBt->pPager,
@@ -3238,7 +3214,7 @@ static int newDatabase(BtShared*);
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned on success.  If the file is not a
 ** well-formed database file, then SQLITE_CORRUPT is returned.
 ** SQLITE_BUSY is returned if the database is locked.  SQLITE_NOMEM
-** is returned if we run out of memory. 
+** is returned if we run out of memory.
 */
 static int lockBtree(BtShared *pBt){
   int rc;              /* Result code from subfunctions */
@@ -3254,7 +3230,7 @@ static int lockBtree(BtShared *pBt){
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
 
   /* Do some checking to help insure the file we opened really is
-  ** a valid database file. 
+  ** a valid database file.
   */
   nPage = get4byte(28+(u8*)pPage1->aData);
   sqlite3PagerPagecount(pBt->pPager, (int*)&nPageFile);
@@ -3292,7 +3268,7 @@ static int lockBtree(BtShared *pBt){
     }
 
     /* If the read version is set to 2, this database should be accessed
-    ** in WAL mode. If the log is not already open, open it now. Then 
+    ** in WAL mode. If the log is not already open, open it now. Then
     ** return SQLITE_OK and return without populating BtShared.pPage1.
     ** The caller detects this and calls this function again. This is
     ** required as the version of page 1 currently in the page1 buffer
@@ -3333,16 +3309,15 @@ static int lockBtree(BtShared *pBt){
     /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-25008-21688 The size of a page is a power of two
     ** between 512 and 65536 inclusive. */
     if( ((pageSize-1)&pageSize)!=0
-     || pageSize>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE 
-     || pageSize<=256 
+     || pageSize>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+     || pageSize<=256
     ){
       goto page1_init_failed;
     }
-    pBt->btsFlags |= BTS_PAGESIZE_FIXED;
     assert( (pageSize & 7)==0 );
     /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-59310-51205 The "reserved space" size in the 1-byte
     ** integer at offset 20 is the number of bytes of space at the end of
-    ** each page to reserve for extensions. 
+    ** each page to reserve for extensions.
     **
     ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-37497-42412 The size of the reserved region is
     ** determined by the one-byte unsigned integer found at an offset of 20
@@ -3358,6 +3333,7 @@ static int lockBtree(BtShared *pBt){
       releasePageOne(pPage1);
       pBt->usableSize = usableSize;
       pBt->pageSize = pageSize;
+      pBt->btsFlags |= BTS_PAGESIZE_FIXED;
       freeTempSpace(pBt);
       rc = sqlite3PagerSetPagesize(pBt->pPager, &pBt->pageSize,
                                    pageSize-usableSize);
@@ -3377,6 +3353,7 @@ static int lockBtree(BtShared *pBt){
     if( usableSize<480 ){
       goto page1_init_failed;
     }
+    pBt->btsFlags |= BTS_PAGESIZE_FIXED;
     pBt->pageSize = pageSize;
     pBt->usableSize = usableSize;
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
@@ -3436,7 +3413,7 @@ static int countValidCursors(BtShared *pBt, int wrOnly){
   int r = 0;
   for(pCur=pBt->pCursor; pCur; pCur=pCur->pNext){
     if( (wrOnly==0 || (pCur->curFlags & BTCF_WriteFlag)!=0)
-     && pCur->eState!=CURSOR_FAULT ) r++; 
+     && pCur->eState!=CURSOR_FAULT ) r++;
   }
   return r;
 }
@@ -3445,7 +3422,7 @@ static int countValidCursors(BtShared *pBt, int wrOnly){
 /*
 ** If there are no outstanding cursors and we are not in the middle
 ** of a transaction but there is a read lock on the database, then
-** this routine unrefs the first page of the database file which 
+** this routine unrefs the first page of the database file which
 ** has the effect of releasing the read lock.
 **
 ** If there is a transaction in progress, this routine is a no-op.
@@ -3529,8 +3506,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeNewDb(Btree *p){
 ** upgraded to exclusive by calling this routine a second time - the
 ** exclusivity flag only works for a new transaction.
 **
-** A write-transaction must be started before attempting any 
-** changes to the database.  None of the following routines 
+** A write-transaction must be started before attempting any
+** changes to the database.  None of the following routines
 ** will work unless a transaction is started first:
 **
 **      sqlite3BtreeCreateTable()
@@ -3544,7 +3521,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeNewDb(Btree *p){
 ** If an initial attempt to acquire the lock fails because of lock contention
 ** and the database was previously unlocked, then invoke the busy handler
 ** if there is one.  But if there was previously a read-lock, do not
-** invoke the busy handler - just return SQLITE_BUSY.  SQLITE_BUSY is 
+** invoke the busy handler - just return SQLITE_BUSY.  SQLITE_BUSY is
 ** returned when there is already a read-lock in order to avoid a deadlock.
 **
 ** Suppose there are two processes A and B.  A has a read lock and B has
@@ -3555,7 +3532,11 @@ int sqlite3BtreeNewDb(Btree *p){
 ** when A already has a read lock, we encourage A to give up and let B
 ** proceed.
 */
-int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE int btreeBeginTrans(
+  Btree *p,                 /* The btree in which to start the transaction */
+  int wrflag,               /* True to start a write transaction */
+  int *pSchemaVersion       /* Put schema version number here, if not NULL */
+){
   BtShared *pBt = p->pBt;
   Pager *pPager = pBt->pPager;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
@@ -3572,8 +3553,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
   }
   assert( pBt->inTransaction==TRANS_WRITE || IfNotOmitAV(pBt->bDoTruncate)==0 );
 
-  if( (p->db->flags & SQLITE_ResetDatabase) 
-   && sqlite3PagerIsreadonly(pPager)==0 
+  if( (p->db->flags & SQLITE_ResetDatabase)
+   && sqlite3PagerIsreadonly(pPager)==0
   ){
     pBt->btsFlags &= ~BTS_READ_ONLY;
   }
@@ -3587,7 +3568,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
   {
     sqlite3 *pBlock = 0;
-    /* If another database handle has already opened a write transaction 
+    /* If another database handle has already opened a write transaction
     ** on this shared-btree structure and a second write transaction is
     ** requested, return SQLITE_LOCKED.
     */
@@ -3612,8 +3593,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
   }
 #endif
 
-  /* Any read-only or read-write transaction implies a read-lock on 
-  ** page 1. So if some other shared-cache client already has a write-lock 
+  /* Any read-only or read-write transaction implies a read-lock on
+  ** page 1. So if some other shared-cache client already has a write-lock
   ** on page 1, the transaction cannot be opened. */
   rc = querySharedCacheTableLock(p, SCHEMA_ROOT, READ_LOCK);
   if( SQLITE_OK!=rc ) goto trans_begun;
@@ -3636,7 +3617,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
     /* Call lockBtree() until either pBt->pPage1 is populated or
     ** lockBtree() returns something other than SQLITE_OK. lockBtree()
     ** may return SQLITE_OK but leave pBt->pPage1 set to 0 if after
-    ** reading page 1 it discovers that the page-size of the database 
+    ** reading page 1 it discovers that the page-size of the database
     ** file is not pBt->pageSize. In this case lockBtree() will update
     ** pBt->pageSize to the page-size of the file on disk.
     */
@@ -3657,7 +3638,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
         }
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
       (void)sqlite3PagerWalWriteLock(pPager, 0);
       unlockBtreeIfUnused(pBt);
@@ -3696,7 +3677,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
 
       /* If the db-size header field is incorrect (as it may be if an old
       ** client has been writing the database file), update it now. Doing
-      ** this sooner rather than later means the database size can safely 
+      ** this sooner rather than later means the database size can safely
       ** re-read the database size from page 1 if a savepoint or transaction
       ** rollback occurs within the transaction.
       */
@@ -3727,6 +3708,28 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
   sqlite3BtreeLeave(p);
   return rc;
 }
+int sqlite3BtreeBeginTrans(Btree *p, int wrflag, int *pSchemaVersion){
+  BtShared *pBt;
+  if( p->sharable
+   || p->inTrans==TRANS_NONE
+   || (p->inTrans==TRANS_READ && wrflag!=0)
+  ){
+    return btreeBeginTrans(p,wrflag,pSchemaVersion);
+  }
+  pBt = p->pBt;
+  if( pSchemaVersion ){
+    *pSchemaVersion = get4byte(&pBt->pPage1->aData[40]);
+  }
+  if( wrflag ){
+    /* This call makes sure that the pager has the correct number of
+    ** open savepoints. If the second parameter is greater than 0 and
+    ** the sub-journal is not already open, then it will be opened here.
+    */
+    return sqlite3PagerOpenSavepoint(pBt->pPager, p->db->nSavepoint);
+  }else{
+    return SQLITE_OK;
+  }
+}
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
 
@@ -3771,7 +3774,7 @@ static int setChildPtrmaps(MemPage *pPage){
 ** that it points to iTo. Parameter eType describes the type of pointer to
 ** be modified, as  follows:
 **
-** PTRMAP_BTREE:     pPage is a btree-page. The pointer points at a child 
+** PTRMAP_BTREE:     pPage is a btree-page. The pointer points at a child
 **                   page of pPage.
 **
 ** PTRMAP_OVERFLOW1: pPage is a btree-page. The pointer points at an overflow
@@ -3822,9 +3825,9 @@ static int modifyPagePointer(MemPage *pPage, Pgno iFrom, Pgno iTo, u8 eType){
         }
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     if( i==nCell ){
-      if( eType!=PTRMAP_BTREE || 
+      if( eType!=PTRMAP_BTREE ||
           get4byte(&pPage->aData[pPage->hdrOffset+8])!=iFrom ){
         return SQLITE_CORRUPT_PAGE(pPage);
       }
@@ -3836,11 +3839,11 @@ static int modifyPagePointer(MemPage *pPage, Pgno iFrom, Pgno iTo, u8 eType){
 
 
 /*
-** Move the open database page pDbPage to location iFreePage in the 
+** Move the open database page pDbPage to location iFreePage in the
 ** database. The pDbPage reference remains valid.
 **
 ** The isCommit flag indicates that there is no need to remember that
-** the journal needs to be sync()ed before database page pDbPage->pgno 
+** the journal needs to be sync()ed before database page pDbPage->pgno
 ** can be written to. The caller has already promised not to write to that
 ** page.
 */
@@ -3857,14 +3860,14 @@ static int relocatePage(
   Pager *pPager = pBt->pPager;
   int rc;
 
-  assert( eType==PTRMAP_OVERFLOW2 || eType==PTRMAP_OVERFLOW1 || 
+  assert( eType==PTRMAP_OVERFLOW2 || eType==PTRMAP_OVERFLOW1 ||
       eType==PTRMAP_BTREE || eType==PTRMAP_ROOTPAGE );
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pBt->mutex) );
   assert( pDbPage->pBt==pBt );
   if( iDbPage<3 ) return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
 
   /* Move page iDbPage from its current location to page number iFreePage */
-  TRACE(("AUTOVACUUM: Moving %u to free page %u (ptr page %u type %u)\n", 
+  TRACE(("AUTOVACUUM: Moving %u to free page %u (ptr page %u type %u)\n",
       iDbPage, iFreePage, iPtrPage, eType));
   rc = sqlite3PagerMovepage(pPager, pDbPage->pDbPage, iFreePage, isCommit);
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -3923,19 +3926,19 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(BtShared *, MemPage **, Pgno *, Pgno, u8);
 
 /*
 ** Perform a single step of an incremental-vacuum. If successful, return
-** SQLITE_OK. If there is no work to do (and therefore no point in 
-** calling this function again), return SQLITE_DONE. Or, if an error 
+** SQLITE_OK. If there is no work to do (and therefore no point in
+** calling this function again), return SQLITE_DONE. Or, if an error
 ** occurs, return some other error code.
 **
-** More specifically, this function attempts to re-organize the database so 
+** More specifically, this function attempts to re-organize the database so
 ** that the last page of the file currently in use is no longer in use.
 **
 ** Parameter nFin is the number of pages that this database would contain
 ** were this function called until it returns SQLITE_DONE.
 **
-** If the bCommit parameter is non-zero, this function assumes that the 
-** caller will keep calling incrVacuumStep() until it returns SQLITE_DONE 
-** or an error. bCommit is passed true for an auto-vacuum-on-commit 
+** If the bCommit parameter is non-zero, this function assumes that the
+** caller will keep calling incrVacuumStep() until it returns SQLITE_DONE
+** or an error. bCommit is passed true for an auto-vacuum-on-commit
 ** operation, or false for an incremental vacuum.
 */
 static int incrVacuumStep(BtShared *pBt, Pgno nFin, Pgno iLastPg, int bCommit){
@@ -3966,7 +3969,7 @@ static int incrVacuumStep(BtShared *pBt, Pgno nFin, Pgno iLastPg, int bCommit){
       if( bCommit==0 ){
         /* Remove the page from the files free-list. This is not required
         ** if bCommit is non-zero. In that case, the free-list will be
-        ** truncated to zero after this function returns, so it doesn't 
+        ** truncated to zero after this function returns, so it doesn't
         ** matter if it still contains some garbage entries.
         */
         Pgno iFreePg;
@@ -4015,7 +4018,7 @@ static int incrVacuumStep(BtShared *pBt, Pgno nFin, Pgno iLastPg, int bCommit){
         }
       }while( bCommit && iFreePg>nFin );
       assert( iFreePg<iLastPg );
-      
+     
       rc = relocatePage(pBt, pLastPg, eType, iPtrPage, iFreePg, bCommit);
       releasePage(pLastPg);
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -4036,7 +4039,7 @@ static int incrVacuumStep(BtShared *pBt, Pgno nFin, Pgno iLastPg, int bCommit){
 
 /*
 ** The database opened by the first argument is an auto-vacuum database
-** nOrig pages in size containing nFree free pages. Return the expected 
+** nOrig pages in size containing nFree free pages. Return the expected
 ** size of the database in pages following an auto-vacuum operation.
 */
 static Pgno finalDbSize(BtShared *pBt, Pgno nOrig, Pgno nFree){
@@ -4063,7 +4066,7 @@ static Pgno finalDbSize(BtShared *pBt, Pgno nOrig, Pgno nFree){
 **
 ** If the incremental vacuum is finished after this function has run,
 ** SQLITE_DONE is returned. If it is not finished, but no error occurred,
-** SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise an SQLite error code. 
+** SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise an SQLite error code.
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeIncrVacuum(Btree *p){
   int rc;
@@ -4110,7 +4113,7 @@ static int autoVacuumCommit(Btree *p){
   VVA_ONLY( int nRef );
 
   assert( p!=0 );
-  pBt = p->pBt;  
+  pBt = p->pBt; 
   pPager = pBt->pPager;
   VVA_ONLY( nRef = sqlite3PagerRefcount(pPager); )
 
@@ -4204,7 +4207,7 @@ static int autoVacuumCommit(Btree *p){
 **
 ** Otherwise, sync the database file for the btree pBt. zSuperJrnl points to
 ** the name of a super-journal file that should be written into the
-** individual journal file, or is NULL, indicating no super-journal file 
+** individual journal file, or is NULL, indicating no super-journal file
 ** (single database transaction).
 **
 ** When this is called, the super-journal should already have been
@@ -4255,8 +4258,8 @@ static void btreeEndTransaction(Btree *p){
     downgradeAllSharedCacheTableLocks(p);
     p->inTrans = TRANS_READ;
   }else{
-    /* If the handle had any kind of transaction open, decrement the 
-    ** transaction count of the shared btree. If the transaction count 
+    /* If the handle had any kind of transaction open, decrement the
+    ** transaction count of the shared btree. If the transaction count
     ** reaches 0, set the shared state to TRANS_NONE. The unlockBtreeIfUnused()
     ** call below will unlock the pager.  */
     if( p->inTrans!=TRANS_NONE ){
@@ -4267,7 +4270,7 @@ static void btreeEndTransaction(Btree *p){
       }
     }
 
-    /* Set the current transaction state to TRANS_NONE and unlock the 
+    /* Set the current transaction state to TRANS_NONE and unlock the
     ** pager if this call closed the only read or write transaction.  */
     p->inTrans = TRANS_NONE;
     unlockBtreeIfUnused(pBt);
@@ -4288,12 +4291,12 @@ static void btreeEndTransaction(Btree *p){
 ** the rollback journal (which causes the transaction to commit) and
 ** drop locks.
 **
-** Normally, if an error occurs while the pager layer is attempting to 
+** Normally, if an error occurs while the pager layer is attempting to
 ** finalize the underlying journal file, this function returns an error and
 ** the upper layer will attempt a rollback. However, if the second argument
-** is non-zero then this b-tree transaction is part of a multi-file 
-** transaction. In this case, the transaction has already been committed 
-** (by deleting a super-journal file) and the caller will ignore this 
+** is non-zero then this b-tree transaction is part of a multi-file
+** transaction. In this case, the transaction has already been committed
+** (by deleting a super-journal file) and the caller will ignore this
 ** functions return code. So, even if an error occurs in the pager layer,
 ** reset the b-tree objects internal state to indicate that the write
 ** transaction has been closed. This is quite safe, as the pager will have
@@ -4308,7 +4311,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseTwo(Btree *p, int bCleanup){
   sqlite3BtreeEnter(p);
   btreeIntegrity(p);
 
-  /* If the handle has a write-transaction open, commit the shared-btrees 
+  /* If the handle has a write-transaction open, commit the shared-btrees
   ** transaction and set the shared state to TRANS_READ.
   */
   if( p->inTrans==TRANS_WRITE ){
@@ -4357,15 +4360,15 @@ int sqlite3BtreeCommit(Btree *p){
 **
 ** This routine gets called when a rollback occurs. If the writeOnly
 ** flag is true, then only write-cursors need be tripped - read-only
-** cursors save their current positions so that they may continue 
-** following the rollback. Or, if writeOnly is false, all cursors are 
+** cursors save their current positions so that they may continue
+** following the rollback. Or, if writeOnly is false, all cursors are
 ** tripped. In general, writeOnly is false if the transaction being
 ** rolled back modified the database schema. In this case b-tree root
 ** pages may be moved or deleted from the database altogether, making
 ** it unsafe for read cursors to continue.
 **
-** If the writeOnly flag is true and an error is encountered while 
-** saving the current position of a read-only cursor, all cursors, 
+** If the writeOnly flag is true and an error is encountered while
+** saving the current position of a read-only cursor, all cursors,
 ** including all read-cursors are tripped.
 **
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or if an error occurs while
@@ -4471,8 +4474,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeRollback(Btree *p, int tripCode, int writeOnly){
 
 /*
 ** Start a statement subtransaction. The subtransaction can be rolled
-** back independently of the main transaction. You must start a transaction 
-** before starting a subtransaction. The subtransaction is ended automatically 
+** back independently of the main transaction. You must start a transaction
+** before starting a subtransaction. The subtransaction is ended automatically
 ** if the main transaction commits or rolls back.
 **
 ** Statement subtransactions are used around individual SQL statements
@@ -4509,11 +4512,11 @@ int sqlite3BtreeBeginStmt(Btree *p, int iStatement){
 /*
 ** The second argument to this function, op, is always SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK
 ** or SAVEPOINT_RELEASE. This function either releases or rolls back the
-** savepoint identified by parameter iSavepoint, depending on the value 
+** savepoint identified by parameter iSavepoint, depending on the value
 ** of op.
 **
 ** Normally, iSavepoint is greater than or equal to zero. However, if op is
-** SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, then iSavepoint may also be -1. In this case the 
+** SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, then iSavepoint may also be -1. In this case the
 ** contents of the entire transaction are rolled back. This is different
 ** from a normal transaction rollback, as no locks are released and the
 ** transaction remains open.
@@ -4538,7 +4541,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeSavepoint(Btree *p, int op, int iSavepoint){
       rc = newDatabase(pBt);
       btreeSetNPage(pBt, pBt->pPage1);
 
-      /* pBt->nPage might be zero if the database was corrupt when 
+      /* pBt->nPage might be zero if the database was corrupt when
       ** the transaction was started. Otherwise, it must be at least 1.  */
       assert( CORRUPT_DB || pBt->nPage>0 );
     }
@@ -4576,10 +4579,10 @@ int sqlite3BtreeSavepoint(Btree *p, int op, int iSavepoint){
 ** is set.  If FORDELETE is set, that is a hint to the implementation that
 ** this cursor will only be used to seek to and delete entries of an index
 ** as part of a larger DELETE statement.  The FORDELETE hint is not used by
-** this implementation.  But in a hypothetical alternative storage engine 
+** this implementation.  But in a hypothetical alternative storage engine
 ** in which index entries are automatically deleted when corresponding table
 ** rows are deleted, the FORDELETE flag is a hint that all SEEK and DELETE
-** operations on this cursor can be no-ops and all READ operations can 
+** operations on this cursor can be no-ops and all READ operations can
 ** return a null row (2-bytes: 0x01 0x00).
 **
 ** No checking is done to make sure that page iTable really is the
@@ -4600,14 +4603,14 @@ static int btreeCursor(
   BtCursor *pX;                          /* Looping over other all cursors */
 
   assert( sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(p) );
-  assert( wrFlag==0 
-       || wrFlag==BTREE_WRCSR 
-       || wrFlag==(BTREE_WRCSR|BTREE_FORDELETE) 
+  assert( wrFlag==0
+       || wrFlag==BTREE_WRCSR
+       || wrFlag==(BTREE_WRCSR|BTREE_FORDELETE)
   );
 
-  /* The following assert statements verify that if this is a sharable 
-  ** b-tree database, the connection is holding the required table locks, 
-  ** and that no other connection has any open cursor that conflicts with 
+  /* The following assert statements verify that if this is a sharable
+  ** b-tree database, the connection is holding the required table locks,
+  ** and that no other connection has any open cursor that conflicts with
   ** this lock.  The iTable<1 term disables the check for corrupt schemas. */
   assert( hasSharedCacheTableLock(p, iTable, pKeyInfo!=0, (wrFlag?2:1))
           || iTable<1 );
@@ -4822,7 +4825,6 @@ void sqlite3BtreeCursorUnpin(BtCursor *pCur){
   pCur->curFlags &= ~BTCF_Pinned;
 }
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC
 /*
 ** Return the offset into the database file for the start of the
 ** payload to which the cursor is pointing.
@@ -4834,7 +4836,6 @@ i64 sqlite3BtreeOffset(BtCursor *pCur){
   return (i64)pCur->pBt->pageSize*((i64)pCur->pPage->pgno - 1) +
          (i64)(pCur->info.pPayload - pCur->pPage->aData);
 }
-#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC */
 
 /*
 ** Return the number of bytes of payload for the entry that pCur is
@@ -4860,7 +4861,7 @@ u32 sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(BtCursor *pCur){
 ** routine always returns 2147483647 (which is the largest record
 ** that SQLite can handle) or more.  But returning a smaller value might
 ** prevent large memory allocations when trying to interpret a
-** corrupt datrabase.
+** corrupt database.
 **
 ** The current implementation merely returns the size of the underlying
 ** database file.
@@ -4873,15 +4874,15 @@ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3BtreeMaxRecordSize(BtCursor *pCur){
 
 /*
 ** Given the page number of an overflow page in the database (parameter
-** ovfl), this function finds the page number of the next page in the 
+** ovfl), this function finds the page number of the next page in the
 ** linked list of overflow pages. If possible, it uses the auto-vacuum
-** pointer-map data instead of reading the content of page ovfl to do so. 
+** pointer-map data instead of reading the content of page ovfl to do so.
 **
 ** If an error occurs an SQLite error code is returned. Otherwise:
 **
-** The page number of the next overflow page in the linked list is 
-** written to *pPgnoNext. If page ovfl is the last page in its linked 
-** list, *pPgnoNext is set to zero. 
+** The page number of the next overflow page in the linked list is
+** written to *pPgnoNext. If page ovfl is the last page in its linked
+** list, *pPgnoNext is set to zero.
 **
 ** If ppPage is not NULL, and a reference to the MemPage object corresponding
 ** to page number pOvfl was obtained, then *ppPage is set to point to that
@@ -4905,9 +4906,9 @@ static int getOverflowPage(
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
   /* Try to find the next page in the overflow list using the
-  ** autovacuum pointer-map pages. Guess that the next page in 
-  ** the overflow list is page number (ovfl+1). If that guess turns 
-  ** out to be wrong, fall back to loading the data of page 
+  ** autovacuum pointer-map pages. Guess that the next page in
+  ** the overflow list is page number (ovfl+1). If that guess turns
+  ** out to be wrong, fall back to loading the data of page
   ** number ovfl to determine the next page number.
   */
   if( pBt->autoVacuum ){
@@ -4995,8 +4996,8 @@ static int copyPayload(
 **
 ** If the current cursor entry uses one or more overflow pages
 ** this function may allocate space for and lazily populate
-** the overflow page-list cache array (BtCursor.aOverflow). 
-** Subsequent calls use this cache to make seeking to the supplied offset 
+** the overflow page-list cache array (BtCursor.aOverflow).
+** Subsequent calls use this cache to make seeking to the supplied offset
 ** more efficient.
 **
 ** Once an overflow page-list cache has been allocated, it must be
@@ -5012,7 +5013,7 @@ static int accessPayload(
   BtCursor *pCur,      /* Cursor pointing to entry to read from */
   u32 offset,          /* Begin reading this far into payload */
   u32 amt,             /* Read this many bytes */
-  unsigned char *pBuf, /* Write the bytes into this buffer */ 
+  unsigned char *pBuf, /* Write the bytes into this buffer */
   int eOp              /* zero to read. non-zero to write. */
 ){
   unsigned char *aPayload;
@@ -5066,7 +5067,7 @@ static int accessPayload(
     Pgno nextPage;
 
     nextPage = get4byte(&aPayload[pCur->info.nLocal]);
- 
+
     /* If the BtCursor.aOverflow[] has not been allocated, allocate it now.
     **
     ** The aOverflow[] array is sized at one entry for each overflow page
@@ -5138,12 +5139,12 @@ static int accessPayload(
 #ifdef SQLITE_DIRECT_OVERFLOW_READ
         /* If all the following are true:
         **
-        **   1) this is a read operation, and 
+        **   1) this is a read operation, and
         **   2) data is required from the start of this overflow page, and
         **   3) there are no dirty pages in the page-cache
         **   4) the database is file-backed, and
         **   5) the page is not in the WAL file
-        **   6) at least 4 bytes have already been read into the output buffer 
+        **   6) at least 4 bytes have already been read into the output buffer
         **
         ** then data can be read directly from the database file into the
         ** output buffer, bypassing the page-cache altogether. This speeds
@@ -5250,7 +5251,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreePayloadChecked(BtCursor *pCur, u32 offset, u32 amt, void *pBuf){
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB */
 
 /*
-** Return a pointer to payload information from the entry that the 
+** Return a pointer to payload information from the entry that the
 ** pCur cursor is pointing to.  The pointer is to the beginning of
 ** the key if index btrees (pPage->intKey==0) and is the data for
 ** table btrees (pPage->intKey==1). The number of bytes of available
@@ -5322,6 +5323,7 @@ const void *sqlite3BtreePayloadFetch(BtCursor *pCur, u32 *pAmt){
 ** vice-versa).
 */
 static int moveToChild(BtCursor *pCur, u32 newPgno){
+  int rc;
   assert( cursorOwnsBtShared(pCur) );
   assert( pCur->eState==CURSOR_VALID );
   assert( pCur->iPage<BTCURSOR_MAX_DEPTH );
@@ -5335,13 +5337,23 @@ static int moveToChild(BtCursor *pCur, u32 newPgno){
   pCur->apPage[pCur->iPage] = pCur->pPage;
   pCur->ix = 0;
   pCur->iPage++;
-  return getAndInitPage(pCur->pBt, newPgno, &pCur->pPage, pCur,
-                        pCur->curPagerFlags);
+  rc = getAndInitPage(pCur->pBt, newPgno, &pCur->pPage, pCur->curPagerFlags);
+  assert( pCur->pPage!=0 || rc!=SQLITE_OK );
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK
+   && (pCur->pPage->nCell<1 || pCur->pPage->intKey!=pCur->curIntKey)
+  ){
+    releasePage(pCur->pPage);
+    rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(newPgno);
+  }
+  if( rc ){
+    pCur->pPage = pCur->apPage[--pCur->iPage];
+  }
+  return rc;
 }
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
 /*
-** Page pParent is an internal (non-leaf) tree page. This function 
+** Page pParent is an internal (non-leaf) tree page. This function
 ** asserts that page number iChild is the left-child if the iIdx'th
 ** cell in page pParent. Or, if iIdx is equal to the total number of
 ** cells in pParent, that page number iChild is the right-child of
@@ -5358,7 +5370,7 @@ static void assertParentIndex(MemPage *pParent, int iIdx, Pgno iChild){
   }
 }
 #else
-#  define assertParentIndex(x,y,z) 
+#  define assertParentIndex(x,y,z)
 #endif
 
 /*
@@ -5376,8 +5388,8 @@ static void moveToParent(BtCursor *pCur){
   assert( pCur->iPage>0 );
   assert( pCur->pPage );
   assertParentIndex(
-    pCur->apPage[pCur->iPage-1], 
-    pCur->aiIdx[pCur->iPage-1], 
+    pCur->apPage[pCur->iPage-1],
+    pCur->aiIdx[pCur->iPage-1],
     pCur->pPage->pgno
   );
   testcase( pCur->aiIdx[pCur->iPage-1] > pCur->apPage[pCur->iPage-1]->nCell );
@@ -5394,19 +5406,19 @@ static void moveToParent(BtCursor *pCur){
 **
 ** If the table has a virtual root page, then the cursor is moved to point
 ** to the virtual root page instead of the actual root page. A table has a
-** virtual root page when the actual root page contains no cells and a 
+** virtual root page when the actual root page contains no cells and a
 ** single child page. This can only happen with the table rooted at page 1.
 **
-** If the b-tree structure is empty, the cursor state is set to 
+** If the b-tree structure is empty, the cursor state is set to
 ** CURSOR_INVALID and this routine returns SQLITE_EMPTY. Otherwise,
 ** the cursor is set to point to the first cell located on the root
 ** (or virtual root) page and the cursor state is set to CURSOR_VALID.
 **
 ** If this function returns successfully, it may be assumed that the
-** page-header flags indicate that the [virtual] root-page is the expected 
+** page-header flags indicate that the [virtual] root-page is the expected
 ** kind of b-tree page (i.e. if when opening the cursor the caller did not
 ** specify a KeyInfo structure the flags byte is set to 0x05 or 0x0D,
-** indicating a table b-tree, or if the caller did specify a KeyInfo 
+** indicating a table b-tree, or if the caller did specify a KeyInfo
 ** structure the flags byte is set to 0x02 or 0x0A, indicating an index
 ** b-tree).
 */
@@ -5443,7 +5455,7 @@ static int moveToRoot(BtCursor *pCur){
       sqlite3BtreeClearCursor(pCur);
     }
     rc = getAndInitPage(pCur->pBt, pCur->pgnoRoot, &pCur->pPage,
-                        0, pCur->curPagerFlags);
+                        pCur->curPagerFlags);
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
       pCur->eState = CURSOR_INVALID;
       return rc;
@@ -5457,19 +5469,19 @@ static int moveToRoot(BtCursor *pCur){
   /* If pCur->pKeyInfo is not NULL, then the caller that opened this cursor
   ** expected to open it on an index b-tree. Otherwise, if pKeyInfo is
   ** NULL, the caller expects a table b-tree. If this is not the case,
-  ** return an SQLITE_CORRUPT error. 
+  ** return an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
   **
   ** Earlier versions of SQLite assumed that this test could not fail
   ** if the root page was already loaded when this function was called (i.e.
-  ** if pCur->iPage>=0). But this is not so if the database is corrupted 
-  ** in such a way that page pRoot is linked into a second b-tree table 
+  ** if pCur->iPage>=0). But this is not so if the database is corrupted
+  ** in such a way that page pRoot is linked into a second b-tree table
   ** (or the freelist).  */
   assert( pRoot->intKey==1 || pRoot->intKey==0 );
   if( pRoot->isInit==0 || (pCur->pKeyInfo==0)!=pRoot->intKey ){
     return SQLITE_CORRUPT_PAGE(pCur->pPage);
   }
 
-skip_init:  
+skip_init: 
   pCur->ix = 0;
   pCur->info.nSize = 0;
   pCur->curFlags &= ~(BTCF_AtLast|BTCF_ValidNKey|BTCF_ValidOvfl);
@@ -5555,7 +5567,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeFirst(BtCursor *pCur, int *pRes){
     *pRes = 0;
     rc = moveToLeftmost(pCur);
   }else if( rc==SQLITE_EMPTY ){
-    assert( pCur->pgnoRoot==0 || pCur->pPage->nCell==0 );
+    assert( pCur->pgnoRoot==0 || (pCur->pPage!=0 && pCur->pPage->nCell==0) );
     *pRes = 1;
     rc = SQLITE_OK;
   }
@@ -5591,7 +5603,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeLast(BtCursor *pCur, int *pRes){
   /* If the cursor already points to the last entry, this is a no-op. */
   if( CURSOR_VALID==pCur->eState && (pCur->curFlags & BTCF_AtLast)!=0 ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-    /* This block serves to assert() that the cursor really does point 
+    /* This block serves to assert() that the cursor really does point
     ** to the last entry in the b-tree. */
     int ii;
     for(ii=0; ii<pCur->iPage; ii++){
@@ -5617,7 +5629,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeLast(BtCursor *pCur, int *pRes){
 ** before or after the key.
 **
 ** An integer is written into *pRes which is the result of
-** comparing the key with the entry to which the cursor is 
+** comparing the key with the entry to which the cursor is
 ** pointing.  The meaning of the integer written into
 ** *pRes is as follows:
 **
@@ -5660,7 +5672,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTableMoveto(
       /* If the requested key is one more than the previous key, then
       ** try to get there using sqlite3BtreeNext() rather than a full
       ** binary search.  This is an optimization only.  The correct answer
-      ** is still obtained without this case, only a little more slowely */
+      ** is still obtained without this case, only a little more slowly. */
       if( pCur->info.nKey+1==intKey ){
         *pRes = 0;
         rc = sqlite3BtreeNext(pCur, 0);
@@ -5807,10 +5819,10 @@ static int indexCellCompare(
     ** b-tree page.  */
     testcase( pCell+nCell+1==pPage->aDataEnd );
     c = xRecordCompare(nCell, (void*)&pCell[1], pIdxKey);
-  }else if( !(pCell[1] & 0x80) 
+  }else if( !(pCell[1] & 0x80)
     && (nCell = ((nCell&0x7f)<<7) + pCell[1])<=pPage->maxLocal
   ){
-    /* The record-size field is a 2 byte varint and the record 
+    /* The record-size field is a 2 byte varint and the record
     ** fits entirely on the main b-tree page.  */
     testcase( pCell+nCell+2==pPage->aDataEnd );
     c = xRecordCompare(nCell, (void*)&pCell[2], pIdxKey);
@@ -5845,7 +5857,7 @@ static int cursorOnLastPage(BtCursor *pCur){
 ** before or after the key.
 **
 ** An integer is written into *pRes which is the result of
-** comparing the key with the entry to which the cursor is 
+** comparing the key with the entry to which the cursor is
 ** pointing.  The meaning of the integer written into
 ** *pRes is as follows:
 **
@@ -5860,7 +5872,7 @@ static int cursorOnLastPage(BtCursor *pCur){
 **                  is larger than pIdxKey.
 **
 ** The pIdxKey->eqSeen field is set to 1 if there
-** exists an entry in the table that exactly matches pIdxKey.  
+** exists an entry in the table that exactly matches pIdxKey. 
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
   BtCursor *pCur,          /* The cursor to be moved */
@@ -5881,8 +5893,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
 
   xRecordCompare = sqlite3VdbeFindCompare(pIdxKey);
   pIdxKey->errCode = 0;
-  assert( pIdxKey->default_rc==1 
-       || pIdxKey->default_rc==0 
+  assert( pIdxKey->default_rc==1
+       || pIdxKey->default_rc==0
        || pIdxKey->default_rc==-1
   );
 
@@ -5910,7 +5922,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
       *pRes = c;
       return SQLITE_OK;  /* Cursor already pointing at the correct spot */
     }
-    if( pCur->iPage>0 
+    if( pCur->iPage>0
      && indexCellCompare(pCur, 0, pIdxKey, xRecordCompare)<=0
      && pIdxKey->errCode==SQLITE_OK
     ){
@@ -5964,9 +5976,9 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
       /* The maximum supported page-size is 65536 bytes. This means that
       ** the maximum number of record bytes stored on an index B-Tree
       ** page is less than 16384 bytes and may be stored as a 2-byte
-      ** varint. This information is used to attempt to avoid parsing 
-      ** the entire cell by checking for the cases where the record is 
-      ** stored entirely within the b-tree page by inspecting the first 
+      ** varint. This information is used to attempt to avoid parsing
+      ** the entire cell by checking for the cases where the record is
+      ** stored entirely within the b-tree page by inspecting the first
       ** 2 bytes of the cell.
       */
       nCell = pCell[0];
@@ -5976,10 +5988,10 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
         ** b-tree page.  */
         testcase( pCell+nCell+1==pPage->aDataEnd );
         c = xRecordCompare(nCell, (void*)&pCell[1], pIdxKey);
-      }else if( !(pCell[1] & 0x80) 
+      }else if( !(pCell[1] & 0x80)
         && (nCell = ((nCell&0x7f)<<7) + pCell[1])<=pPage->maxLocal
       ){
-        /* The record-size field is a 2 byte varint and the record 
+        /* The record-size field is a 2 byte varint and the record
         ** fits entirely on the main b-tree page.  */
         testcase( pCell+nCell+2==pPage->aDataEnd );
         c = xRecordCompare(nCell, (void*)&pCell[2], pIdxKey);
@@ -5987,10 +5999,10 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
         /* The record flows over onto one or more overflow pages. In
         ** this case the whole cell needs to be parsed, a buffer allocated
         ** and accessPayload() used to retrieve the record into the
-        ** buffer before VdbeRecordCompare() can be called. 
+        ** buffer before VdbeRecordCompare() can be called.
         **
         ** If the record is corrupt, the xRecordCompare routine may read
-        ** up to two varints past the end of the buffer. An extra 18 
+        ** up to two varints past the end of the buffer. An extra 18
         ** bytes of padding is allocated at the end of the buffer in
         ** case this happens.  */
         void *pCellKey;
@@ -6022,7 +6034,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
         c = sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(nCell, pCellKey, pIdxKey);
         sqlite3_free(pCellKey);
       }
-      assert( 
+      assert(
           (pIdxKey->errCode!=SQLITE_CORRUPT || c==0)
        && (pIdxKey->errCode!=SQLITE_NOMEM || pCur->pBtree->db->mallocFailed)
       );
@@ -6056,10 +6068,36 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(
     }else{
       chldPg = get4byte(findCell(pPage, lwr));
     }
-    pCur->ix = (u16)lwr;
-    rc = moveToChild(pCur, chldPg);
-    if( rc ) break;
-  }
+
+    /* This block is similar to an in-lined version of:
+    **
+    **    pCur->ix = (u16)lwr;
+    **    rc = moveToChild(pCur, chldPg);
+    **    if( rc ) break;
+    */
+    pCur->info.nSize = 0;
+    pCur->curFlags &= ~(BTCF_ValidNKey|BTCF_ValidOvfl);
+    if( pCur->iPage>=(BTCURSOR_MAX_DEPTH-1) ){
+      return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
+    }
+    pCur->aiIdx[pCur->iPage] = (u16)lwr;
+    pCur->apPage[pCur->iPage] = pCur->pPage;
+    pCur->ix = 0;
+    pCur->iPage++;
+    rc = getAndInitPage(pCur->pBt, chldPg, &pCur->pPage, pCur->curPagerFlags);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK
+     && (pCur->pPage->nCell<1 || pCur->pPage->intKey!=pCur->curIntKey)
+    ){
+      releasePage(pCur->pPage);
+      rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(chldPg);
+    }
+    if( rc ){
+      pCur->pPage = pCur->apPage[--pCur->iPage];
+      break;
+    }
+    /*
+    ***** End of in-lined moveToChild() call */
+ }
 moveto_index_finish:
   pCur->info.nSize = 0;
   assert( (pCur->curFlags & BTCF_ValidOvfl)==0 );
@@ -6084,7 +6122,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeEof(BtCursor *pCur){
 
 /*
 ** Return an estimate for the number of rows in the table that pCur is
-** pointing to.  Return a negative number if no estimate is currently 
+** pointing to.  Return a negative number if no estimate is currently
 ** available.
 */
 i64 sqlite3BtreeRowCountEst(BtCursor *pCur){
@@ -6108,7 +6146,7 @@ i64 sqlite3BtreeRowCountEst(BtCursor *pCur){
 }
 
 /*
-** Advance the cursor to the next entry in the database. 
+** Advance the cursor to the next entry in the database.
 ** Return value:
 **
 **    SQLITE_OK        success
@@ -6297,7 +6335,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreePrevious(BtCursor *pCur, int flags){
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned on success.  Any other return value indicates
 ** an error.  *ppPage is set to NULL in the event of an error.
 **
-** If the "nearby" parameter is not 0, then an effort is made to 
+** If the "nearby" parameter is not 0, then an effort is made to
 ** locate a page close to the page number "nearby".  This can be used in an
 ** attempt to keep related pages close to each other in the database file,
 ** which in turn can make database access faster.
@@ -6339,7 +6377,7 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
     Pgno iTrunk;
     u8 searchList = 0; /* If the free-list must be searched for 'nearby' */
     u32 nSearch = 0;   /* Count of the number of search attempts */
-    
+   
     /* If eMode==BTALLOC_EXACT and a query of the pointer-map
     ** shows that the page 'nearby' is somewhere on the free-list, then
     ** the entire-list will be searched for that page.
@@ -6402,8 +6440,8 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
       ** is the number of leaf page pointers to follow. */
       k = get4byte(&pTrunk->aData[4]);
       if( k==0 && !searchList ){
-        /* The trunk has no leaves and the list is not being searched. 
-        ** So extract the trunk page itself and use it as the newly 
+        /* The trunk has no leaves and the list is not being searched.
+        ** So extract the trunk page itself and use it as the newly
         ** allocated page */
         assert( pPrevTrunk==0 );
         rc = sqlite3PagerWrite(pTrunk->pDbPage);
@@ -6420,8 +6458,8 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
         rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(iTrunk);
         goto end_allocate_page;
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
-      }else if( searchList 
-            && (nearby==iTrunk || (iTrunk<nearby && eMode==BTALLOC_LE)) 
+      }else if( searchList
+            && (nearby==iTrunk || (iTrunk<nearby && eMode==BTALLOC_LE))
       ){
         /* The list is being searched and this trunk page is the page
         ** to allocate, regardless of whether it has leaves.
@@ -6444,13 +6482,13 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
             memcpy(&pPrevTrunk->aData[0], &pTrunk->aData[0], 4);
           }
         }else{
-          /* The trunk page is required by the caller but it contains 
+          /* The trunk page is required by the caller but it contains
           ** pointers to free-list leaves. The first leaf becomes a trunk
           ** page in this case.
           */
           MemPage *pNewTrunk;
           Pgno iNewTrunk = get4byte(&pTrunk->aData[8]);
-          if( iNewTrunk>mxPage ){ 
+          if( iNewTrunk>mxPage ){
             rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_PGNO(iTrunk);
             goto end_allocate_page;
           }
@@ -6520,8 +6558,8 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
           goto end_allocate_page;
         }
         testcase( iPage==mxPage );
-        if( !searchList 
-         || (iPage==nearby || (iPage<nearby && eMode==BTALLOC_LE)) 
+        if( !searchList
+         || (iPage==nearby || (iPage<nearby && eMode==BTALLOC_LE))
         ){
           int noContent;
           *pPgno = iPage;
@@ -6562,7 +6600,7 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
     ** not set the no-content flag. This causes the pager to load and journal
     ** the current page content before overwriting it.
     **
-    ** Note that the pager will not actually attempt to load or journal 
+    ** Note that the pager will not actually attempt to load or journal
     ** content for any page that really does lie past the end of the database
     ** file on disk. So the effects of disabling the no-content optimization
     ** here are confined to those pages that lie between the end of the
@@ -6619,12 +6657,12 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is used to add page iPage to the database file free-list. 
+** This function is used to add page iPage to the database file free-list.
 ** It is assumed that the page is not already a part of the free-list.
 **
 ** The value passed as the second argument to this function is optional.
-** If the caller happens to have a pointer to the MemPage object 
-** corresponding to page iPage handy, it may pass it as the second value. 
+** If the caller happens to have a pointer to the MemPage object
+** corresponding to page iPage handy, it may pass it as the second value.
 ** Otherwise, it may pass NULL.
 **
 ** If a pointer to a MemPage object is passed as the second argument,
@@ -6632,7 +6670,7 @@ static int allocateBtreePage(
 */
 static int freePage2(BtShared *pBt, MemPage *pMemPage, Pgno iPage){
   MemPage *pTrunk = 0;                /* Free-list trunk page */
-  Pgno iTrunk = 0;                    /* Page number of free-list trunk page */ 
+  Pgno iTrunk = 0;                    /* Page number of free-list trunk page */
   MemPage *pPage1 = pBt->pPage1;      /* Local reference to page 1 */
   MemPage *pPage;                     /* Page being freed. May be NULL. */
   int rc;                             /* Return Code */
@@ -6740,7 +6778,7 @@ static int freePage2(BtShared *pBt, MemPage *pMemPage, Pgno iPage){
 
   /* If control flows to this point, then it was not possible to add the
   ** the page being freed as a leaf page of the first trunk in the free-list.
-  ** Possibly because the free-list is empty, or possibly because the 
+  ** Possibly because the free-list is empty, or possibly because the
   ** first trunk in the free-list is full. Either way, the page being freed
   ** will become the new first trunk page in the free-list.
   */
@@ -6797,15 +6835,15 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int clearCellOverflow(
   assert( pBt->usableSize > 4 );
   ovflPageSize = pBt->usableSize - 4;
   nOvfl = (pInfo->nPayload - pInfo->nLocal + ovflPageSize - 1)/ovflPageSize;
-  assert( nOvfl>0 || 
+  assert( nOvfl>0 ||
     (CORRUPT_DB && (pInfo->nPayload + ovflPageSize)<ovflPageSize)
   );
   while( nOvfl-- ){
     Pgno iNext = 0;
     MemPage *pOvfl = 0;
     if( ovflPgno<2 || ovflPgno>btreePagecount(pBt) ){
-      /* 0 is not a legal page number and page 1 cannot be an 
-      ** overflow page. Therefore if ovflPgno<2 or past the end of the 
+      /* 0 is not a legal page number and page 1 cannot be an
+      ** overflow page. Therefore if ovflPgno<2 or past the end of the
       ** file the database must be corrupt. */
       return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
     }
@@ -6817,11 +6855,11 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int clearCellOverflow(
     if( ( pOvfl || ((pOvfl = btreePageLookup(pBt, ovflPgno))!=0) )
      && sqlite3PagerPageRefcount(pOvfl->pDbPage)!=1
     ){
-      /* There is no reason any cursor should have an outstanding reference 
+      /* There is no reason any cursor should have an outstanding reference
       ** to an overflow page belonging to a cell that is being deleted/updated.
-      ** So if there exists more than one reference to this page, then it 
-      ** must not really be an overflow page and the database must be corrupt. 
-      ** It is helpful to detect this before calling freePage2(), as 
+      ** So if there exists more than one reference to this page, then it
+      ** must not really be an overflow page and the database must be corrupt.
+      ** It is helpful to detect this before calling freePage2(), as
       ** freePage2() may zero the page contents if secure-delete mode is
       ** enabled. If this 'overflow' page happens to be a page that the
       ** caller is iterating through or using in some other way, this
@@ -6843,7 +6881,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int clearCellOverflow(
 
 /* Call xParseCell to compute the size of a cell.  If the cell contains
 ** overflow, then invoke cellClearOverflow to clear out that overflow.
-** STore the result code (SQLITE_OK or some error code) in rc.
+** Store the result code (SQLITE_OK or some error code) in rc.
 **
 ** Implemented as macro to force inlining for performance.
 */
@@ -6907,7 +6945,7 @@ static int fillInCell(
     pSrc = pX->pKey;
     nHeader += putVarint32(&pCell[nHeader], nPayload);
   }
-  
+ 
   /* Fill in the payload */
   pPayload = &pCell[nHeader];
   if( nPayload<=pPage->maxLocal ){
@@ -6998,8 +7036,8 @@ static int fillInCell(
       if( pBt->autoVacuum ){
         do{
           pgnoOvfl++;
-        } while( 
-          PTRMAP_ISPAGE(pBt, pgnoOvfl) || pgnoOvfl==PENDING_BYTE_PAGE(pBt) 
+        } while(
+          PTRMAP_ISPAGE(pBt, pgnoOvfl) || pgnoOvfl==PENDING_BYTE_PAGE(pBt)
         );
       }
 #endif
@@ -7007,9 +7045,9 @@ static int fillInCell(
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
       /* If the database supports auto-vacuum, and the second or subsequent
       ** overflow page is being allocated, add an entry to the pointer-map
-      ** for that page now. 
+      ** for that page now.
       **
-      ** If this is the first overflow page, then write a partial entry 
+      ** If this is the first overflow page, then write a partial entry
       ** to the pointer-map. If we write nothing to this pointer-map slot,
       ** then the optimistic overflow chain processing in clearCell()
       ** may misinterpret the uninitialized values and delete the
@@ -7110,8 +7148,8 @@ static void dropCell(MemPage *pPage, int idx, int sz, int *pRC){
 ** will not fit, then make a copy of the cell content into pTemp if
 ** pTemp is not null.  Regardless of pTemp, allocate a new entry
 ** in pPage->apOvfl[] and make it point to the cell content (either
-** in pTemp or the original pCell) and also record its index. 
-** Allocating a new entry in pPage->aCell[] implies that 
+** in pTemp or the original pCell) and also record its index.
+** Allocating a new entry in pPage->aCell[] implies that
 ** pPage->nOverflow is incremented.
 **
 ** The insertCellFast() routine below works exactly the same as
@@ -7423,16 +7461,16 @@ static u16 cachedCellSize(CellArray *p, int N){
 }
 
 /*
-** Array apCell[] contains pointers to nCell b-tree page cells. The 
+** Array apCell[] contains pointers to nCell b-tree page cells. The
 ** szCell[] array contains the size in bytes of each cell. This function
 ** replaces the current contents of page pPg with the contents of the cell
 ** array.
 **
 ** Some of the cells in apCell[] may currently be stored in pPg. This
-** function works around problems caused by this by making a copy of any 
+** function works around problems caused by this by making a copy of any
 ** such cells before overwriting the page data.
 **
-** The MemPage.nFree field is invalidated by this function. It is the 
+** The MemPage.nFree field is invalidated by this function. It is the
 ** responsibility of the caller to set it correctly.
 */
 static int rebuildPage(
@@ -7454,12 +7492,13 @@ static int rebuildPage(
   int k;                          /* Current slot in pCArray->apEnd[] */
   u8 *pSrcEnd;                    /* Current pCArray->apEnd[k] value */
 
+  assert( nCell>0 );
   assert( i<iEnd );
   j = get2byte(&aData[hdr+5]);
-  if( NEVER(j>(u32)usableSize) ){ j = 0; }
+  if( j>(u32)usableSize ){ j = 0; }
   memcpy(&pTmp[j], &aData[j], usableSize - j);
 
-  for(k=0; pCArray->ixNx[k]<=i && ALWAYS(k<NB*2); k++){}
+  for(k=0; ALWAYS(k<NB*2) && pCArray->ixNx[k]<=i; k++){}
   pSrcEnd = pCArray->apEnd[k];
 
   pData = pEnd;
@@ -7514,7 +7553,7 @@ static int rebuildPage(
 ** cell in the array. It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure
 ** that it is safe to overwrite this part of the cell-pointer array.
 **
-** When this function is called, *ppData points to the start of the 
+** When this function is called, *ppData points to the start of the
 ** content area on page pPg. If the size of the content area is extended,
 ** *ppData is updated to point to the new start of the content area
 ** before returning.
@@ -7522,7 +7561,7 @@ static int rebuildPage(
 ** Finally, argument pBegin points to the byte immediately following the
 ** end of the space required by this page for the cell-pointer area (for
 ** all cells - not just those inserted by the current call). If the content
-** area must be extended to before this point in order to accomodate all
+** area must be extended to before this point in order to accommodate all
 ** cells in apCell[], then the cells do not fit and non-zero is returned.
 */
 static int pageInsertArray(
@@ -7542,7 +7581,7 @@ static int pageInsertArray(
   u8 *pEnd;                       /* Maximum extent of cell data */
   assert( CORRUPT_DB || pPg->hdrOffset==0 );    /* Never called on page 1 */
   if( iEnd<=iFirst ) return 0;
-  for(k=0; pCArray->ixNx[k]<=i && ALWAYS(k<NB*2); k++){}
+  for(k=0; ALWAYS(k<NB*2) && pCArray->ixNx[k]<=i ; k++){}
   pEnd = pCArray->apEnd[k];
   while( 1 /*Exit by break*/ ){
     int sz, rc;
@@ -7760,6 +7799,7 @@ static int editPage(
   return SQLITE_OK;
  editpage_fail:
   /* Unable to edit this page. Rebuild it from scratch instead. */
+  if( nNew<1 ) return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
   populateCellCache(pCArray, iNew, nNew);
   return rebuildPage(pCArray, iNew, nNew, pPg);
 }
@@ -7798,12 +7838,12 @@ static int balance_quick(MemPage *pParent, MemPage *pPage, u8 *pSpace){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pPage->pBt->mutex) );
   assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pParent->pDbPage) );
   assert( pPage->nOverflow==1 );
-  
+ 
   if( pPage->nCell==0 ) return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;  /* dbfuzz001.test */
   assert( pPage->nFree>=0 );
   assert( pParent->nFree>=0 );
 
-  /* Allocate a new page. This page will become the right-sibling of 
+  /* Allocate a new page. This page will become the right-sibling of
   ** pPage. Make the parent page writable, so that the new divider cell
   ** may be inserted. If both these operations are successful, proceed.
   */
@@ -7834,10 +7874,10 @@ static int balance_quick(MemPage *pParent, MemPage *pPage, u8 *pSpace){
     pNew->nFree = pBt->usableSize - pNew->cellOffset - 2 - szCell;
 
     /* If this is an auto-vacuum database, update the pointer map
-    ** with entries for the new page, and any pointer from the 
+    ** with entries for the new page, and any pointer from the
     ** cell on the page to an overflow page. If either of these
     ** operations fails, the return code is set, but the contents
-    ** of the parent page are still manipulated by thh code below.
+    ** of the parent page are still manipulated by the code below.
     ** That is Ok, at this point the parent page is guaranteed to
     ** be marked as dirty. Returning an error code will cause a
     ** rollback, undoing any changes made to the parent page.
@@ -7848,14 +7888,14 @@ static int balance_quick(MemPage *pParent, MemPage *pPage, u8 *pSpace){
         ptrmapPutOvflPtr(pNew, pNew, pCell, &rc);
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Create a divider cell to insert into pParent. The divider cell
     ** consists of a 4-byte page number (the page number of pPage) and
     ** a variable length key value (which must be the same value as the
     ** largest key on pPage).
     **
-    ** To find the largest key value on pPage, first find the right-most 
-    ** cell on pPage. The first two fields of this cell are the 
+    ** To find the largest key value on pPage, first find the right-most
+    ** cell on pPage. The first two fields of this cell are the
     ** record-length (a variable length integer at most 32-bits in size)
     ** and the key value (a variable length integer, may have any value).
     ** The first of the while(...) loops below skips over the record-length
@@ -7876,7 +7916,7 @@ static int balance_quick(MemPage *pParent, MemPage *pPage, u8 *pSpace){
 
     /* Set the right-child pointer of pParent to point to the new page. */
     put4byte(&pParent->aData[pParent->hdrOffset+8], pgnoNew);
-  
+ 
     /* Release the reference to the new page. */
     releasePage(pNew);
   }
@@ -7888,7 +7928,7 @@ static int balance_quick(MemPage *pParent, MemPage *pPage, u8 *pSpace){
 #if 0
 /*
 ** This function does not contribute anything to the operation of SQLite.
-** it is sometimes activated temporarily while debugging code responsible 
+** it is sometimes activated temporarily while debugging code responsible
 ** for setting pointer-map entries.
 */
 static int ptrmapCheckPages(MemPage **apPage, int nPage){
@@ -7903,7 +7943,7 @@ static int ptrmapCheckPages(MemPage **apPage, int nPage){
     for(j=0; j<pPage->nCell; j++){
       CellInfo info;
       u8 *z;
-     
+    
       z = findCell(pPage, j);
       pPage->xParseCell(pPage, z, &info);
       if( info.nLocal<info.nPayload ){
@@ -7928,7 +7968,7 @@ static int ptrmapCheckPages(MemPage **apPage, int nPage){
 #endif
 
 /*
-** This function is used to copy the contents of the b-tree node stored 
+** This function is used to copy the contents of the b-tree node stored
 ** on page pFrom to page pTo. If page pFrom was not a leaf page, then
 ** the pointer-map entries for each child page are updated so that the
 ** parent page stored in the pointer map is page pTo. If pFrom contained
@@ -7936,11 +7976,11 @@ static int ptrmapCheckPages(MemPage **apPage, int nPage){
 ** map entries are also updated so that the parent page is page pTo.
 **
 ** If pFrom is currently carrying any overflow cells (entries in the
-** MemPage.apOvfl[] array), they are not copied to pTo. 
+** MemPage.apOvfl[] array), they are not copied to pTo.
 **
 ** Before returning, page pTo is reinitialized using btreeInitPage().
 **
-** The performance of this function is not critical. It is only used by 
+** The performance of this function is not critical. It is only used by
 ** the balance_shallower() and balance_deeper() procedures, neither of
 ** which are called often under normal circumstances.
 */
@@ -7953,20 +7993,20 @@ static void copyNodeContent(MemPage *pFrom, MemPage *pTo, int *pRC){
     int const iToHdr = ((pTo->pgno==1) ? 100 : 0);
     int rc;
     int iData;
-  
-  
+ 
+ 
     assert( pFrom->isInit );
     assert( pFrom->nFree>=iToHdr );
     assert( get2byte(&aFrom[iFromHdr+5]) <= (int)pBt->usableSize );
-  
+ 
     /* Copy the b-tree node content from page pFrom to page pTo. */
     iData = get2byte(&aFrom[iFromHdr+5]);
     memcpy(&aTo[iData], &aFrom[iData], pBt->usableSize-iData);
     memcpy(&aTo[iToHdr], &aFrom[iFromHdr], pFrom->cellOffset + 2*pFrom->nCell);
-  
+ 
     /* Reinitialize page pTo so that the contents of the MemPage structure
     ** match the new data. The initialization of pTo can actually fail under
-    ** fairly obscure circumstances, even though it is a copy of initialized 
+    ** fairly obscure circumstances, even though it is a copy of initialized
     ** page pFrom.
     */
     pTo->isInit = 0;
@@ -7976,7 +8016,7 @@ static void copyNodeContent(MemPage *pFrom, MemPage *pTo, int *pRC){
       *pRC = rc;
       return;
     }
-  
+ 
     /* If this is an auto-vacuum database, update the pointer-map entries
     ** for any b-tree or overflow pages that pTo now contains the pointers to.
     */
@@ -7991,13 +8031,13 @@ static void copyNodeContent(MemPage *pFrom, MemPage *pTo, int *pRC){
 ** (hereafter "the page") and up to 2 siblings so that all pages have about the
 ** same amount of free space. Usually a single sibling on either side of the
 ** page are used in the balancing, though both siblings might come from one
-** side if the page is the first or last child of its parent. If the page 
+** side if the page is the first or last child of its parent. If the page
 ** has fewer than 2 siblings (something which can only happen if the page
 ** is a root page or a child of a root page) then all available siblings
 ** participate in the balancing.
 **
-** The number of siblings of the page might be increased or decreased by 
-** one or two in an effort to keep pages nearly full but not over full. 
+** The number of siblings of the page might be increased or decreased by
+** one or two in an effort to keep pages nearly full but not over full.
 **
 ** Note that when this routine is called, some of the cells on the page
 ** might not actually be stored in MemPage.aData[]. This can happen
@@ -8008,7 +8048,7 @@ static void copyNodeContent(MemPage *pFrom, MemPage *pTo, int *pRC){
 ** inserted into or removed from the parent page (pParent). Doing so
 ** may cause the parent page to become overfull or underfull. If this
 ** happens, it is the responsibility of the caller to invoke the correct
-** balancing routine to fix this problem (see the balance() routine). 
+** balancing routine to fix this problem (see the balance() routine).
 **
 ** If this routine fails for any reason, it might leave the database
 ** in a corrupted state. So if this routine fails, the database should
@@ -8023,7 +8063,7 @@ static void copyNodeContent(MemPage *pFrom, MemPage *pTo, int *pRC){
 ** of the page-size, the aOvflSpace[] buffer is guaranteed to be large
 ** enough for all overflow cells.
 **
-** If aOvflSpace is set to a null pointer, this function returns 
+** If aOvflSpace is set to a null pointer, this function returns
 ** SQLITE_NOMEM.
 */
 static int balance_nonroot(
@@ -8067,7 +8107,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   assert( sqlite3PagerIswriteable(pParent->pDbPage) );
 
   /* At this point pParent may have at most one overflow cell. And if
-  ** this overflow cell is present, it must be the cell with 
+  ** this overflow cell is present, it must be the cell with
   ** index iParentIdx. This scenario comes about when this function
   ** is called (indirectly) from sqlite3BtreeDelete().
   */
@@ -8079,11 +8119,11 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   }
   assert( pParent->nFree>=0 );
 
-  /* Find the sibling pages to balance. Also locate the cells in pParent 
-  ** that divide the siblings. An attempt is made to find NN siblings on 
-  ** either side of pPage. More siblings are taken from one side, however, 
+  /* Find the sibling pages to balance. Also locate the cells in pParent
+  ** that divide the siblings. An attempt is made to find NN siblings on
+  ** either side of pPage. More siblings are taken from one side, however,
   ** if there are fewer than NN siblings on the other side. If pParent
-  ** has NB or fewer children then all children of pParent are taken.  
+  ** has NB or fewer children then all children of pParent are taken. 
   **
   ** This loop also drops the divider cells from the parent page. This
   ** way, the remainder of the function does not have to deal with any
@@ -8095,7 +8135,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
     nxDiv = 0;
   }else{
     assert( bBulk==0 || bBulk==1 );
-    if( iParentIdx==0 ){                 
+    if( iParentIdx==0 ){                
       nxDiv = 0;
     }else if( iParentIdx==i ){
       nxDiv = i-2+bBulk;
@@ -8113,7 +8153,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   pgno = get4byte(pRight);
   while( 1 ){
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-      rc = getAndInitPage(pBt, pgno, &apOld[i], 0, 0);
+      rc = getAndInitPage(pBt, pgno, &apOld[i], 0);
     }
     if( rc ){
       memset(apOld, 0, (i+1)*sizeof(MemPage*));
@@ -8144,7 +8184,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
       ** This is safe because dropping a cell only overwrites the first
       ** four bytes of it, and this function does not need the first
       ** four bytes of the divider cell. So the pointer is safe to use
-      ** later on.  
+      ** later on. 
       **
       ** But not if we are in secure-delete mode. In secure-delete mode,
       ** the dropCell() routine will overwrite the entire cell with zeroes.
@@ -8307,7 +8347,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   ** Figure out the number of pages needed to hold all b.nCell cells.
   ** Store this number in "k".  Also compute szNew[] which is the total
   ** size of all cells on the i-th page and cntNew[] which is the index
-  ** in b.apCell[] of the cell that divides page i from page i+1.  
+  ** in b.apCell[] of the cell that divides page i from page i+1. 
   ** cntNew[k] should equal b.nCell.
   **
   ** Values computed by this block:
@@ -8317,7 +8357,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   **   cntNew[i]: Index in b.apCell[] and b.szCell[] for the first cell to
   **              the right of the i-th sibling page.
   ** usableSpace: Number of bytes of space available on each sibling.
-  ** 
+  **
   */
   usableSpace = pBt->usableSize - 12 + leafCorrection;
   for(i=k=0; i<nOld; i++, k++){
@@ -8427,7 +8467,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
     }
   }
 
-  /* Sanity check:  For a non-corrupt database file one of the follwing
+  /* Sanity check:  For a non-corrupt database file one of the following
   ** must be true:
   **    (1) We found one or more cells (cntNew[0])>0), or
   **    (2) pPage is a virtual root page.  A virtual root page is when
@@ -8478,15 +8518,15 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   }
 
   /*
-  ** Reassign page numbers so that the new pages are in ascending order. 
+  ** Reassign page numbers so that the new pages are in ascending order.
   ** This helps to keep entries in the disk file in order so that a scan
-  ** of the table is closer to a linear scan through the file. That in turn 
+  ** of the table is closer to a linear scan through the file. That in turn
   ** helps the operating system to deliver pages from the disk more rapidly.
   **
   ** An O(N*N) sort algorithm is used, but since N is never more than NB+2
   ** (5), that is not a performance concern.
   **
-  ** When NB==3, this one optimization makes the database about 25% faster 
+  ** When NB==3, this one optimization makes the database about 25% faster
   ** for large insertions and deletions.
   */
   for(i=0; i<nNew; i++){
@@ -8538,14 +8578,14 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   put4byte(pRight, apNew[nNew-1]->pgno);
 
   /* If the sibling pages are not leaves, ensure that the right-child pointer
-  ** of the right-most new sibling page is set to the value that was 
+  ** of the right-most new sibling page is set to the value that was
   ** originally in the same field of the right-most old sibling page. */
   if( (pageFlags & PTF_LEAF)==0 && nOld!=nNew ){
     MemPage *pOld = (nNew>nOld ? apNew : apOld)[nOld-1];
     memcpy(&apNew[nNew-1]->aData[8], &pOld->aData[8], 4);
   }
 
-  /* Make any required updates to pointer map entries associated with 
+  /* Make any required updates to pointer map entries associated with
   ** cells stored on sibling pages following the balance operation. Pointer
   ** map entries associated with divider cells are set by the insertCell()
   ** routine. The associated pointer map entries are:
@@ -8556,9 +8596,9 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   **   b) if the sibling pages are not leaves, the child page associated
   **      with the cell.
   **
-  ** If the sibling pages are not leaves, then the pointer map entry 
-  ** associated with the right-child of each sibling may also need to be 
-  ** updated. This happens below, after the sibling pages have been 
+  ** If the sibling pages are not leaves, then the pointer map entry
+  ** associated with the right-child of each sibling may also need to be
+  ** updated. This happens below, after the sibling pages have been
   ** populated, not here.
   */
   if( ISAUTOVACUUM(pBt) ){
@@ -8583,7 +8623,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
       }
 
       /* Cell pCell is destined for new sibling page pNew. Originally, it
-      ** was either part of sibling page iOld (possibly an overflow cell), 
+      ** was either part of sibling page iOld (possibly an overflow cell),
       ** or else the divider cell to the left of sibling page iOld. So,
       ** if sibling page iOld had the same page number as pNew, and if
       ** pCell really was a part of sibling page iOld (not a divider or
@@ -8620,9 +8660,9 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
     if( !pNew->leaf ){
       memcpy(&pNew->aData[8], pCell, 4);
     }else if( leafData ){
-      /* If the tree is a leaf-data tree, and the siblings are leaves, 
-      ** then there is no divider cell in b.apCell[]. Instead, the divider 
-      ** cell consists of the integer key for the right-most cell of 
+      /* If the tree is a leaf-data tree, and the siblings are leaves,
+      ** then there is no divider cell in b.apCell[]. Instead, the divider
+      ** cell consists of the integer key for the right-most cell of
       ** the sibling-page assembled above only.
       */
       CellInfo info;
@@ -8635,9 +8675,9 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
       pCell -= 4;
       /* Obscure case for non-leaf-data trees: If the cell at pCell was
       ** previously stored on a leaf node, and its reported size was 4
-      ** bytes, then it may actually be smaller than this 
+      ** bytes, then it may actually be smaller than this
       ** (see btreeParseCellPtr(), 4 bytes is the minimum size of
-      ** any cell). But it is important to pass the correct size to 
+      ** any cell). But it is important to pass the correct size to
       ** insertCell(), so reparse the cell now.
       **
       ** This can only happen for b-trees used to evaluate "IN (SELECT ...)"
@@ -8652,9 +8692,9 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
     iOvflSpace += sz;
     assert( sz<=pBt->maxLocal+23 );
     assert( iOvflSpace <= (int)pBt->pageSize );
-    for(k=0; b.ixNx[k]<=j && ALWAYS(k<NB*2); k++){}
+    for(k=0; ALWAYS(k<NB*2) && b.ixNx[k]<=j; k++){}
     pSrcEnd = b.apEnd[k];
-    if( SQLITE_WITHIN(pSrcEnd, pCell, pCell+sz) ){
+    if( SQLITE_OVERFLOW(pSrcEnd, pCell, pCell+sz) ){
       rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
       goto balance_cleanup;
     }
@@ -8688,6 +8728,8 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
   for(i=1-nNew; i<nNew; i++){
     int iPg = i<0 ? -i : i;
     assert( iPg>=0 && iPg<nNew );
+    assert( iPg>=1 || i>=0 );
+    assert( iPg<ArraySize(cntOld) );
     if( abDone[iPg] ) continue;         /* Skip pages already processed */
     if( i>=0                            /* On the upwards pass, or... */
      || cntOld[iPg-1]>=cntNew[iPg-1]    /* Condition (1) is true */
@@ -8735,8 +8777,8 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
     ** b-tree structure by one. This is described as the "balance-shallower"
     ** sub-algorithm in some documentation.
     **
-    ** If this is an auto-vacuum database, the call to copyNodeContent() 
-    ** sets all pointer-map entries corresponding to database image pages 
+    ** If this is an auto-vacuum database, the call to copyNodeContent()
+    ** sets all pointer-map entries corresponding to database image pages
     ** for which the pointer is stored within the content being copied.
     **
     ** It is critical that the child page be defragmented before being
@@ -8747,7 +8789,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
     assert( nNew==1 || CORRUPT_DB );
     rc = defragmentPage(apNew[0], -1);
     testcase( rc!=SQLITE_OK );
-    assert( apNew[0]->nFree == 
+    assert( apNew[0]->nFree ==
         (get2byteNotZero(&apNew[0]->aData[5]) - apNew[0]->cellOffset
           - apNew[0]->nCell*2)
       || rc!=SQLITE_OK
@@ -8777,7 +8819,7 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
 #if 0
   if( ISAUTOVACUUM(pBt) && rc==SQLITE_OK && apNew[0]->isInit ){
     /* The ptrmapCheckPages() contains assert() statements that verify that
-    ** all pointer map pages are set correctly. This is helpful while 
+    ** all pointer map pages are set correctly. This is helpful while
     ** debugging. This is usually disabled because a corrupt database may
     ** cause an assert() statement to fail.  */
     ptrmapCheckPages(apNew, nNew);
@@ -8807,15 +8849,15 @@ static int balance_nonroot(
 **
 ** A new child page is allocated and the contents of the current root
 ** page, including overflow cells, are copied into the child. The root
-** page is then overwritten to make it an empty page with the right-child 
+** page is then overwritten to make it an empty page with the right-child
 ** pointer pointing to the new page.
 **
-** Before returning, all pointer-map entries corresponding to pages 
+** Before returning, all pointer-map entries corresponding to pages
 ** that the new child-page now contains pointers to are updated. The
 ** entry corresponding to the new right-child pointer of the root
 ** page is also updated.
 **
-** If successful, *ppChild is set to contain a reference to the child 
+** If successful, *ppChild is set to contain a reference to the child
 ** page and SQLITE_OK is returned. In this case the caller is required
 ** to call releasePage() on *ppChild exactly once. If an error occurs,
 ** an error code is returned and *ppChild is set to 0.
@@ -8829,7 +8871,7 @@ static int balance_deeper(MemPage *pRoot, MemPage **ppChild){
   assert( pRoot->nOverflow>0 );
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pBt->mutex) );
 
-  /* Make pRoot, the root page of the b-tree, writable. Allocate a new 
+  /* Make pRoot, the root page of the b-tree, writable. Allocate a new
   ** page that will become the new right-child of pPage. Copy the contents
   ** of the node stored on pRoot into the new child page.
   */
@@ -8894,7 +8936,7 @@ static int anotherValidCursor(BtCursor *pCur){
 /*
 ** The page that pCur currently points to has just been modified in
 ** some way. This function figures out if this modification means the
-** tree needs to be balanced, and if so calls the appropriate balancing 
+** tree needs to be balanced, and if so calls the appropriate balancing
 ** routine. Balancing routines are:
 **
 **   balance_quick()
@@ -8926,7 +8968,7 @@ static int balance(BtCursor *pCur){
         ** balance_deeper() function to create a new child for the root-page
         ** and copy the current contents of the root-page to it. The
         ** next iteration of the do-loop will balance the child page.
-        */ 
+        */
         assert( balance_deeper_called==0 );
         VVA_ONLY( balance_deeper_called++ );
         rc = balance_deeper(pPage, &pCur->apPage[1]);
@@ -8943,7 +8985,7 @@ static int balance(BtCursor *pCur){
       }
     }else if( sqlite3PagerPageRefcount(pPage->pDbPage)>1 ){
       /* The page being written is not a root page, and there is currently
-      ** more than one reference to it. This only happens if the page is one 
+      ** more than one reference to it. This only happens if the page is one
       ** of its own ancestor pages. Corruption. */
       rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
     }else{
@@ -8965,17 +9007,17 @@ static int balance(BtCursor *pCur){
           /* Call balance_quick() to create a new sibling of pPage on which
           ** to store the overflow cell. balance_quick() inserts a new cell
           ** into pParent, which may cause pParent overflow. If this
-          ** happens, the next iteration of the do-loop will balance pParent 
+          ** happens, the next iteration of the do-loop will balance pParent
           ** use either balance_nonroot() or balance_deeper(). Until this
           ** happens, the overflow cell is stored in the aBalanceQuickSpace[]
-          ** buffer. 
+          ** buffer.
           **
           ** The purpose of the following assert() is to check that only a
           ** single call to balance_quick() is made for each call to this
           ** function. If this were not verified, a subtle bug involving reuse
           ** of the aBalanceQuickSpace[] might sneak in.
           */
-          assert( balance_quick_called==0 ); 
+          assert( balance_quick_called==0 );
           VVA_ONLY( balance_quick_called++ );
           rc = balance_quick(pParent, pPage, aBalanceQuickSpace);
         }else
@@ -8986,15 +9028,15 @@ static int balance(BtCursor *pCur){
           ** modifying the contents of pParent, which may cause pParent to
           ** become overfull or underfull. The next iteration of the do-loop
           ** will balance the parent page to correct this.
-          ** 
+          **
           ** If the parent page becomes overfull, the overflow cell or cells
-          ** are stored in the pSpace buffer allocated immediately below. 
+          ** are stored in the pSpace buffer allocated immediately below.
           ** A subsequent iteration of the do-loop will deal with this by
           ** calling balance_nonroot() (balance_deeper() may be called first,
           ** but it doesn't deal with overflow cells - just moves them to a
-          ** different page). Once this subsequent call to balance_nonroot() 
+          ** different page). Once this subsequent call to balance_nonroot()
           ** has completed, it is safe to release the pSpace buffer used by
-          ** the previous call, as the overflow cell data will have been 
+          ** the previous call, as the overflow cell data will have been
           ** copied either into the body of a database page or into the new
           ** pSpace buffer passed to the latter call to balance_nonroot().
           */
@@ -9002,9 +9044,9 @@ static int balance(BtCursor *pCur){
           rc = balance_nonroot(pParent, iIdx, pSpace, iPage==1,
                                pCur->hints&BTREE_BULKLOAD);
           if( pFree ){
-            /* If pFree is not NULL, it points to the pSpace buffer used 
+            /* If pFree is not NULL, it points to the pSpace buffer used
             ** by a previous call to balance_nonroot(). Its contents are
-            ** now stored either on real database pages or within the 
+            ** now stored either on real database pages or within the
             ** new pSpace buffer, so it may be safely freed here. */
             sqlite3PageFree(pFree);
           }
@@ -9044,7 +9086,7 @@ static int btreeOverwriteContent(
 ){
   int nData = pX->nData - iOffset;
   if( nData<=0 ){
-    /* Overwritting with zeros */
+    /* Overwriting with zeros */
     int i;
     for(i=0; i<iAmt && pDest[i]==0; i++){}
     if( i<iAmt ){
@@ -9080,7 +9122,7 @@ static int btreeOverwriteContent(
 ** cell.
 */
 static SQLITE_NOINLINE int btreeOverwriteOverflowCell(
-  BtCursor *pCur,                     /* Cursor pointing to cell to ovewrite */
+  BtCursor *pCur,                     /* Cursor pointing to cell to overwrite */
   const BtreePayload *pX              /* Content to write into the cell */
 ){
   int iOffset;                        /* Next byte of pX->pData to write */
@@ -9123,7 +9165,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int btreeOverwriteOverflowCell(
     if( rc ) return rc;
     iOffset += ovflPageSize;
   }while( iOffset<nTotal );
-  return SQLITE_OK;    
+  return SQLITE_OK;   
 }
 
 /*
@@ -9162,7 +9204,7 @@ static int btreeOverwriteCell(BtCursor *pCur, const BtreePayload *pX){
 ** hold the content of the row.
 **
 ** For an index btree (used for indexes and WITHOUT ROWID tables), the
-** key is an arbitrary byte sequence stored in pX.pKey,nKey.  The 
+** key is an arbitrary byte sequence stored in pX.pKey,nKey.  The
 ** pX.pData,nData,nZero fields must be zero.
 **
 ** If the seekResult parameter is non-zero, then a successful call to
@@ -9202,8 +9244,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
   **
   ** In some cases, the call to btreeMoveto() below is a no-op. For
   ** example, when inserting data into a table with auto-generated integer
-  ** keys, the VDBE layer invokes sqlite3BtreeLast() to figure out the 
-  ** integer key to use. It then calls this function to actually insert the 
+  ** keys, the VDBE layer invokes sqlite3BtreeLast() to figure out the
+  ** integer key to use. It then calls this function to actually insert the
   ** data into the intkey B-Tree. In this case btreeMoveto() recognizes
   ** that the cursor is already where it needs to be and returns without
   ** doing any work. To avoid thwarting these optimizations, it is important
@@ -9247,13 +9289,13 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
 
   if( pCur->pKeyInfo==0 ){
     assert( pX->pKey==0 );
-    /* If this is an insert into a table b-tree, invalidate any incrblob 
+    /* If this is an insert into a table b-tree, invalidate any incrblob
     ** cursors open on the row being replaced */
     if( p->hasIncrblobCur ){
       invalidateIncrblobCursors(p, pCur->pgnoRoot, pX->nKey, 0);
     }
 
-    /* If BTREE_SAVEPOSITION is set, the cursor must already be pointing 
+    /* If BTREE_SAVEPOSITION is set, the cursor must already be pointing
     ** to a row with the same key as the new entry being inserted.
     */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
@@ -9284,14 +9326,14 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
       ** to an adjacent cell.  Move the cursor so that it is pointing either
       ** to the cell to be overwritten or an adjacent cell.
       */
-      rc = sqlite3BtreeTableMoveto(pCur, pX->nKey, 
+      rc = sqlite3BtreeTableMoveto(pCur, pX->nKey,
                (flags & BTREE_APPEND)!=0, &loc);
       if( rc ) return rc;
     }
   }else{
     /* This is an index or a WITHOUT ROWID table */
 
-    /* If BTREE_SAVEPOSITION is set, the cursor must already be pointing 
+    /* If BTREE_SAVEPOSITION is set, the cursor must already be pointing
     ** to a row with the same key as the new entry being inserted.
     */
     assert( (flags & BTREE_SAVEPOSITION)==0 || loc==0 );
@@ -9311,7 +9353,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
         r.eqSeen = 0;
         rc = sqlite3BtreeIndexMoveto(pCur, &r, &loc);
       }else{
-        rc = btreeMoveto(pCur, pX->pKey, pX->nKey, 
+        rc = btreeMoveto(pCur, pX->pKey, pX->nKey,
                     (flags & BTREE_APPEND)!=0, &loc);
       }
       if( rc ) return rc;
@@ -9332,7 +9374,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
       }
     }
   }
-  assert( pCur->eState==CURSOR_VALID 
+  assert( pCur->eState==CURSOR_VALID
        || (pCur->eState==CURSOR_INVALID && loc) || CORRUPT_DB );
 
   pPage = pCur->pPage;
@@ -9393,14 +9435,14 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
     BTREE_CLEAR_CELL(rc, pPage, oldCell, info);
     testcase( pCur->curFlags & BTCF_ValidOvfl );
     invalidateOverflowCache(pCur);
-    if( info.nSize==szNew && info.nLocal==info.nPayload 
+    if( info.nSize==szNew && info.nLocal==info.nPayload
      && (!ISAUTOVACUUM(p->pBt) || szNew<pPage->minLocal)
     ){
       /* Overwrite the old cell with the new if they are the same size.
       ** We could also try to do this if the old cell is smaller, then add
       ** the leftover space to the free list.  But experiments show that
       ** doing that is no faster then skipping this optimization and just
-      ** calling dropCell() and insertCell(). 
+      ** calling dropCell() and insertCell().
       **
       ** This optimization cannot be used on an autovacuum database if the
       ** new entry uses overflow pages, as the insertCell() call below is
@@ -9428,7 +9470,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
   assert( pPage->nOverflow==0 || rc==SQLITE_OK );
   assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || pPage->nCell>0 || pPage->nOverflow>0 );
 
-  /* If no error has occurred and pPage has an overflow cell, call balance() 
+  /* If no error has occurred and pPage has an overflow cell, call balance()
   ** to redistribute the cells within the tree. Since balance() may move
   ** the cursor, zero the BtCursor.info.nSize and BTCF_ValidNKey
   ** variables.
@@ -9454,7 +9496,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeInsert(
     rc = balance(pCur);
 
     /* Must make sure nOverflow is reset to zero even if the balance()
-    ** fails. Internal data structure corruption will result otherwise. 
+    ** fails. Internal data structure corruption will result otherwise.
     ** Also, set the cursor state to invalid. This stops saveCursorPosition()
     ** from trying to save the current position of the cursor.  */
     pCur->pPage->nOverflow = 0;
@@ -9534,14 +9576,14 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTransferRow(BtCursor *pDest, BtCursor *pSrc, i64 iKey){
       pPgnoOut = &aOut[nOut];
       pBt->nPreformatSize += 4;
     }
-  
+ 
     if( nRem>nIn ){
       if( aIn+nIn+4>pSrc->pPage->aDataEnd ){
         return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
       }
       ovflIn = get4byte(&pSrc->info.pPayload[nIn]);
     }
-  
+ 
     do {
       nRem -= nOut;
       do{
@@ -9566,7 +9608,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTransferRow(BtCursor *pDest, BtCursor *pSrc, i64 iKey){
           }
         }
       }while( rc==SQLITE_OK && nOut>0 );
-  
+ 
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK && nRem>0 && ALWAYS(pPgnoOut) ){
         Pgno pgnoNew;
         MemPage *pNew = 0;
@@ -9585,7 +9627,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTransferRow(BtCursor *pDest, BtCursor *pSrc, i64 iKey){
         }
       }
     }while( nRem>0 && rc==SQLITE_OK );
-  
+ 
     releasePage(pPageOut);
     sqlite3PagerUnref(pPageIn);
     return rc;
@@ -9593,7 +9635,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTransferRow(BtCursor *pDest, BtCursor *pSrc, i64 iKey){
 }
 
 /*
-** Delete the entry that the cursor is pointing to. 
+** Delete the entry that the cursor is pointing to.
 **
 ** If the BTREE_SAVEPOSITION bit of the flags parameter is zero, then
 ** the cursor is left pointing at an arbitrary location after the delete.
@@ -9611,12 +9653,12 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTransferRow(BtCursor *pDest, BtCursor *pSrc, i64 iKey){
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeDelete(BtCursor *pCur, u8 flags){
   Btree *p = pCur->pBtree;
-  BtShared *pBt = p->pBt;              
+  BtShared *pBt = p->pBt;             
   int rc;                    /* Return code */
   MemPage *pPage;            /* Page to delete cell from */
   unsigned char *pCell;      /* Pointer to cell to delete */
   int iCellIdx;              /* Index of cell to delete */
-  int iCellDepth;            /* Depth of node containing pCell */ 
+  int iCellDepth;            /* Depth of node containing pCell */
   CellInfo info;             /* Size of the cell being deleted */
   u8 bPreserve;              /* Keep cursor valid.  2 for CURSOR_SKIPNEXT */
 
@@ -9655,8 +9697,8 @@ int sqlite3BtreeDelete(BtCursor *pCur, u8 flags){
   /* If the BTREE_SAVEPOSITION bit is on, then the cursor position must
   ** be preserved following this delete operation. If the current delete
   ** will cause a b-tree rebalance, then this is done by saving the cursor
-  ** key and leaving the cursor in CURSOR_REQUIRESEEK state before 
-  ** returning. 
+  ** key and leaving the cursor in CURSOR_REQUIRESEEK state before
+  ** returning.
   **
   ** If the current delete will not cause a rebalance, then the cursor
   ** will be left in CURSOR_SKIPNEXT state pointing to the entry immediately
@@ -9670,7 +9712,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeDelete(BtCursor *pCur, u8 flags){
   */
   bPreserve = (flags & BTREE_SAVEPOSITION)!=0;
   if( bPreserve ){
-    if( !pPage->leaf 
+    if( !pPage->leaf
      || (pPage->nFree+pPage->xCellSize(pPage,pCell)+2) >
                                                    (int)(pBt->usableSize*2/3)
      || pPage->nCell==1  /* See dbfuzz001.test for a test case */
@@ -9766,7 +9808,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeDelete(BtCursor *pCur, u8 flags){
   ** on the leaf node first. If the balance proceeds far enough up the
   ** tree that we can be sure that any problem in the internal node has
   ** been corrected, so be it. Otherwise, after balancing the leaf node,
-  ** walk the cursor up the tree to the internal node and balance it as 
+  ** walk the cursor up the tree to the internal node and balance it as
   ** well.  */
   assert( pCur->pPage->nOverflow==0 );
   assert( pCur->pPage->nFree>=0 );
@@ -9827,7 +9869,7 @@ static int btreeCreateTable(Btree *p, Pgno *piTable, int createTabFlags){
   MemPage *pRoot;
   Pgno pgnoRoot;
   int rc;
-  int ptfFlags;          /* Page-type flage for the root page of new table */
+  int ptfFlags;          /* Page-type flags for the root page of new table */
 
   assert( sqlite3BtreeHoldsMutex(p) );
   assert( pBt->inTransaction==TRANS_WRITE );
@@ -9930,7 +9972,7 @@ static int btreeCreateTable(Btree *p, Pgno *piTable, int createTabFlags){
       }
     }else{
       pRoot = pPageMove;
-    } 
+    }
 
     /* Update the pointer-map and meta-data with the new root-page number. */
     ptrmapPut(pBt, pgnoRoot, PTRMAP_ROOTPAGE, 0, &rc);
@@ -9996,9 +10038,9 @@ static int clearDatabasePage(
   if( pgno>btreePagecount(pBt) ){
     return SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
   }
-  rc = getAndInitPage(pBt, pgno, &pPage, 0, 0);
+  rc = getAndInitPage(pBt, pgno, &pPage, 0);
   if( rc ) return rc;
-  if( (pBt->openFlags & BTREE_SINGLE)==0 
+  if( (pBt->openFlags & BTREE_SINGLE)==0
    && sqlite3PagerPageRefcount(pPage->pDbPage) != (1 + (pgno==1))
   ){
     rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
@@ -10085,12 +10127,12 @@ int sqlite3BtreeClearTableOfCursor(BtCursor *pCur){
 ** cursors on the table.
 **
 ** If AUTOVACUUM is enabled and the page at iTable is not the last
-** root page in the database file, then the last root page 
+** root page in the database file, then the last root page
 ** in the database file is moved into the slot formerly occupied by
 ** iTable and that last slot formerly occupied by the last root page
 ** is added to the freelist instead of iTable.  In this say, all
 ** root pages are kept at the beginning of the database file, which
-** is necessary for AUTOVACUUM to work right.  *piMoved is set to the 
+** is necessary for AUTOVACUUM to work right.  *piMoved is set to the
 ** page number that used to be the last root page in the file before
 ** the move.  If no page gets moved, *piMoved is set to 0.
 ** The last root page is recorded in meta[3] and the value of
@@ -10128,7 +10170,7 @@ static int btreeDropTable(Btree *p, Pgno iTable, int *piMoved){
 
     if( iTable==maxRootPgno ){
       /* If the table being dropped is the table with the largest root-page
-      ** number in the database, put the root page on the free list. 
+      ** number in the database, put the root page on the free list.
       */
       freePage(pPage, &rc);
       releasePage(pPage);
@@ -10137,7 +10179,7 @@ static int btreeDropTable(Btree *p, Pgno iTable, int *piMoved){
       }
     }else{
       /* The table being dropped does not have the largest root-page
-      ** number in the database. So move the page that does into the 
+      ** number in the database. So move the page that does into the
       ** gap left by the deleted root-page.
       */
       MemPage *pMove;
@@ -10179,7 +10221,7 @@ static int btreeDropTable(Btree *p, Pgno iTable, int *piMoved){
     releasePage(pPage);
   }
 #endif
-  return rc;  
+  return rc; 
 }
 int sqlite3BtreeDropTable(Btree *p, int iTable, int *piMoved){
   int rc;
@@ -10198,7 +10240,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeDropTable(Btree *p, int iTable, int *piMoved){
 ** is the number of free pages currently in the database.  Meta[1]
 ** through meta[15] are available for use by higher layers.  Meta[0]
 ** is read-only, the others are read/write.
-** 
+**
 ** The schema layer numbers meta values differently.  At the schema
 ** layer (and the SetCookie and ReadCookie opcodes) the number of
 ** free pages is not visible.  So Cookie[0] is the same as Meta[1].
@@ -10268,7 +10310,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeUpdateMeta(Btree *p, int idx, u32 iMeta){
 ** The first argument, pCur, is a cursor opened on some b-tree. Count the
 ** number of entries in the b-tree and write the result to *pnEntry.
 **
-** SQLITE_OK is returned if the operation is successfully executed. 
+** SQLITE_OK is returned if the operation is successfully executed.
 ** Otherwise, if an error is encountered (i.e. an IO error or database
 ** corruption) an SQLite error code is returned.
 */
@@ -10283,13 +10325,13 @@ int sqlite3BtreeCount(sqlite3 *db, BtCursor *pCur, i64 *pnEntry){
   }
 
   /* Unless an error occurs, the following loop runs one iteration for each
-  ** page in the B-Tree structure (not including overflow pages). 
+  ** page in the B-Tree structure (not including overflow pages).
   */
   while( rc==SQLITE_OK && !AtomicLoad(&db->u1.isInterrupted) ){
     int iIdx;                          /* Index of child node in parent */
     MemPage *pPage;                    /* Current page of the b-tree */
 
-    /* If this is a leaf page or the tree is not an int-key tree, then 
+    /* If this is a leaf page or the tree is not an int-key tree, then
     ** this page contains countable entries. Increment the entry counter
     ** accordingly.
     */
@@ -10298,7 +10340,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeCount(sqlite3 *db, BtCursor *pCur, i64 *pnEntry){
       nEntry += pPage->nCell;
     }
 
-    /* pPage is a leaf node. This loop navigates the cursor so that it 
+    /* pPage is a leaf node. This loop navigates the cursor so that it
     ** points to the first interior cell that it points to the parent of
     ** the next page in the tree that has not yet been visited. The
     ** pCur->aiIdx[pCur->iPage] value is set to the index of the parent cell
@@ -10322,7 +10364,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeCount(sqlite3 *db, BtCursor *pCur, i64 *pnEntry){
       pPage = pCur->pPage;
     }
 
-    /* Descend to the child node of the cell that the cursor currently 
+    /* Descend to the child node of the cell that the cursor currently
     ** points at. This is the right-child if (iIdx==pPage->nCell).
     */
     iIdx = pCur->ix;
@@ -10417,7 +10459,8 @@ static void checkAppendMsg(
 ** corresponds to page iPg is already set.
 */
 static int getPageReferenced(IntegrityCk *pCheck, Pgno iPg){
-  assert( iPg<=pCheck->nPage && sizeof(pCheck->aPgRef[0])==1 );
+  assert( pCheck->aPgRef!=0 );
+  assert( iPg<=pCheck->nCkPage && sizeof(pCheck->aPgRef[0])==1 );
   return (pCheck->aPgRef[iPg/8] & (1 << (iPg & 0x07)));
 }
 
@@ -10425,7 +10468,8 @@ static int getPageReferenced(IntegrityCk *pCheck, Pgno iPg){
 ** Set the bit in the IntegrityCk.aPgRef[] array that corresponds to page iPg.
 */
 static void setPageReferenced(IntegrityCk *pCheck, Pgno iPg){
-  assert( iPg<=pCheck->nPage && sizeof(pCheck->aPgRef[0])==1 );
+  assert( pCheck->aPgRef!=0 );
+  assert( iPg<=pCheck->nCkPage && sizeof(pCheck->aPgRef[0])==1 );
   pCheck->aPgRef[iPg/8] |= (1 << (iPg & 0x07));
 }
 
@@ -10439,7 +10483,7 @@ static void setPageReferenced(IntegrityCk *pCheck, Pgno iPg){
 ** Also check that the page number is in bounds.
 */
 static int checkRef(IntegrityCk *pCheck, Pgno iPage){
-  if( iPage>pCheck->nPage || iPage==0 ){
+  if( iPage>pCheck->nCkPage || iPage==0 ){
     checkAppendMsg(pCheck, "invalid page number %u", iPage);
     return 1;
   }
@@ -10453,7 +10497,7 @@ static int checkRef(IntegrityCk *pCheck, Pgno iPage){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
 /*
-** Check that the entry in the pointer-map for page iChild maps to 
+** Check that the entry in the pointer-map for page iChild maps to
 ** page iParent, pointer type ptrType. If not, append an error message
 ** to pCheck.
 */
@@ -10476,7 +10520,7 @@ static void checkPtrmap(
 
   if( ePtrmapType!=eType || iPtrmapParent!=iParent ){
     checkAppendMsg(pCheck,
-      "Bad ptr map entry key=%u expected=(%u,%u) got=(%u,%u)", 
+      "Bad ptr map entry key=%u expected=(%u,%u) got=(%u,%u)",
       iChild, eType, iParent, ePtrmapType, iPtrmapParent);
   }
 }
@@ -10571,7 +10615,7 @@ static void checkList(
 ** property.
 **
 ** This heap is used for cell overlap and coverage testing.  Each u32
-** entry represents the span of a cell or freeblock on a btree page.  
+** entry represents the span of a cell or freeblock on a btree page. 
 ** The upper 16 bits are the index of the first byte of a range and the
 ** lower 16 bits are the index of the last byte of that range.
 */
@@ -10603,7 +10647,7 @@ static int btreeHeapPull(u32 *aHeap, u32 *pOut){
     aHeap[j] = x;
     i = j;
   }
-  return 1;  
+  return 1; 
 }
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INTEGRITY_CHECK
@@ -10611,7 +10655,7 @@ static int btreeHeapPull(u32 *aHeap, u32 *pOut){
 ** Do various sanity checks on a single page of a tree.  Return
 ** the tree depth.  Root pages return 0.  Parents of root pages
 ** return 1, and so forth.
-** 
+**
 ** These checks are done:
 **
 **      1.  Make sure that cells and freeblocks do not overlap
@@ -10662,10 +10706,11 @@ static int checkTreePage(
   if( iPage==0 ) return 0;
   if( checkRef(pCheck, iPage) ) return 0;
   pCheck->zPfx = "Tree %u page %u: ";
-  pCheck->v0 = pCheck->v1 = iPage;
+  pCheck->v1 = iPage;
   if( (rc = btreeGetPage(pBt, iPage, &pPage, 0))!=0 ){
     checkAppendMsg(pCheck,
        "unable to get the page. error code=%d", rc);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM ) pCheck->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
     goto end_of_check;
   }
 
@@ -10811,7 +10856,7 @@ static int checkTreePage(
     **
     ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-20690-50594 The second field of the b-tree page header
     ** is the offset of the first freeblock, or zero if there are no
-    ** freeblocks on the page. 
+    ** freeblocks on the page.
     */
     i = get2byte(&data[hdr+1]);
     while( i>0 ){
@@ -10831,13 +10876,13 @@ static int checkTreePage(
       assert( (u32)j<=usableSize-4 ); /* Enforced by btreeComputeFreeSpace() */
       i = j;
     }
-    /* Analyze the min-heap looking for overlap between cells and/or 
+    /* Analyze the min-heap looking for overlap between cells and/or
     ** freeblocks, and counting the number of untracked bytes in nFrag.
-    ** 
+    **
     ** Each min-heap entry is of the form:    (start_address<<16)|end_address.
     ** There is an implied first entry the covers the page header, the cell
     ** pointer index, and the gap between the cell pointer index and the start
-    ** of cell content.  
+    ** of cell content. 
     **
     ** The loop below pulls entries from the min-heap in order and compares
     ** the start_address against the previous end_address.  If there is an
@@ -10936,15 +10981,15 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(
   sCheck.db = db;
   sCheck.pBt = pBt;
   sCheck.pPager = pBt->pPager;
-  sCheck.nPage = btreePagecount(sCheck.pBt);
+  sCheck.nCkPage = btreePagecount(sCheck.pBt);
   sCheck.mxErr = mxErr;
   sqlite3StrAccumInit(&sCheck.errMsg, 0, zErr, sizeof(zErr), SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH);
   sCheck.errMsg.printfFlags = SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL;
-  if( sCheck.nPage==0 ){
+  if( sCheck.nCkPage==0 ){
     goto integrity_ck_cleanup;
   }
 
-  sCheck.aPgRef = sqlite3MallocZero((sCheck.nPage / 8)+ 1);
+  sCheck.aPgRef = sqlite3MallocZero((sCheck.nCkPage / 8)+ 1);
   if( !sCheck.aPgRef ){
     checkOom(&sCheck);
     goto integrity_ck_cleanup;
@@ -10956,7 +11001,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(
   }
 
   i = PENDING_BYTE_PAGE(pBt);
-  if( i<=sCheck.nPage ) setPageReferenced(&sCheck, i);
+  if( i<=sCheck.nCkPage ) setPageReferenced(&sCheck, i);
 
   /* Check the integrity of the freelist
   */
@@ -10999,6 +11044,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(
       checkPtrmap(&sCheck, aRoot[i], PTRMAP_ROOTPAGE, 0);
     }
 #endif
+    sCheck.v0 = aRoot[i];
     checkTreePage(&sCheck, aRoot[i], &notUsed, LARGEST_INT64);
   }
   pBt->db->flags = savedDbFlags;
@@ -11006,7 +11052,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(
   /* Make sure every page in the file is referenced
   */
   if( !bPartial ){
-    for(i=1; i<=sCheck.nPage && sCheck.mxErr; i++){
+    for(i=1; i<=sCheck.nCkPage && sCheck.mxErr; i++){
 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
       if( getPageReferenced(&sCheck, i)==0 ){
         checkAppendMsg(&sCheck, "Page %u: never used", i);
@@ -11015,11 +11061,11 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIntegrityCheck(
       /* If the database supports auto-vacuum, make sure no tables contain
       ** references to pointer-map pages.
       */
-      if( getPageReferenced(&sCheck, i)==0 && 
+      if( getPageReferenced(&sCheck, i)==0 &&
          (PTRMAP_PAGENO(pBt, i)!=i || !pBt->autoVacuum) ){
         checkAppendMsg(&sCheck, "Page %u: never used", i);
       }
-      if( getPageReferenced(&sCheck, i)!=0 && 
+      if( getPageReferenced(&sCheck, i)!=0 &&
          (PTRMAP_PAGENO(pBt, i)==i && pBt->autoVacuum) ){
         checkAppendMsg(&sCheck, "Page %u: pointer map referenced", i);
       }
@@ -11084,7 +11130,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeTxnState(Btree *p){
 /*
 ** Run a checkpoint on the Btree passed as the first argument.
 **
-** Return SQLITE_LOCKED if this or any other connection has an open 
+** Return SQLITE_LOCKED if this or any other connection has an open
 ** transaction on the shared-cache the argument Btree is connected to.
 **
 ** Parameter eMode is one of SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE, FULL or RESTART.
@@ -11117,20 +11163,20 @@ int sqlite3BtreeIsInBackup(Btree *p){
 /*
 ** This function returns a pointer to a blob of memory associated with
 ** a single shared-btree. The memory is used by client code for its own
-** purposes (for example, to store a high-level schema associated with 
+** purposes (for example, to store a high-level schema associated with
 ** the shared-btree). The btree layer manages reference counting issues.
 **
 ** The first time this is called on a shared-btree, nBytes bytes of memory
-** are allocated, zeroed, and returned to the caller. For each subsequent 
+** are allocated, zeroed, and returned to the caller. For each subsequent
 ** call the nBytes parameter is ignored and a pointer to the same blob
-** of memory returned. 
+** of memory returned.
 **
 ** If the nBytes parameter is 0 and the blob of memory has not yet been
 ** allocated, a null pointer is returned. If the blob has already been
 ** allocated, it is returned as normal.
 **
-** Just before the shared-btree is closed, the function passed as the 
-** xFree argument when the memory allocation was made is invoked on the 
+** Just before the shared-btree is closed, the function passed as the
+** xFree argument when the memory allocation was made is invoked on the
 ** blob of allocated memory. The xFree function should not call sqlite3_free()
 ** on the memory, the btree layer does that.
 */
@@ -11146,8 +11192,8 @@ void *sqlite3BtreeSchema(Btree *p, int nBytes, void(*xFree)(void *)){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE if another user of the same shared 
-** btree as the argument handle holds an exclusive lock on the 
+** Return SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE if another user of the same shared
+** btree as the argument handle holds an exclusive lock on the
 ** sqlite_schema table. Otherwise SQLITE_OK.
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeSchemaLocked(Btree *p){
@@ -11188,11 +11234,11 @@ int sqlite3BtreeLockTable(Btree *p, int iTab, u8 isWriteLock){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
 /*
-** Argument pCsr must be a cursor opened for writing on an 
-** INTKEY table currently pointing at a valid table entry. 
+** Argument pCsr must be a cursor opened for writing on an
+** INTKEY table currently pointing at a valid table entry.
 ** This function modifies the data stored as part of that entry.
 **
-** Only the data content may only be modified, it is not possible to 
+** Only the data content may only be modified, it is not possible to
 ** change the length of the data stored. If this function is called with
 ** parameters that attempt to write past the end of the existing data,
 ** no modifications are made and SQLITE_CORRUPT is returned.
@@ -11223,7 +11269,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreePutData(BtCursor *pCsr, u32 offset, u32 amt, void *z){
   VVA_ONLY(rc =) saveAllCursors(pCsr->pBt, pCsr->pgnoRoot, pCsr);
   assert( rc==SQLITE_OK );
 
-  /* Check some assumptions: 
+  /* Check some assumptions:
   **   (a) the cursor is open for writing,
   **   (b) there is a read/write transaction open,
   **   (c) the connection holds a write-lock on the table (if required),
@@ -11242,7 +11288,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreePutData(BtCursor *pCsr, u32 offset, u32 amt, void *z){
   return accessPayload(pCsr, offset, amt, (unsigned char *)z, 1);
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Mark this cursor as an incremental blob cursor.
 */
 void sqlite3BtreeIncrblobCursor(BtCursor *pCur){
@@ -11252,14 +11298,14 @@ void sqlite3BtreeIncrblobCursor(BtCursor *pCur){
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Set both the "read version" (single byte at byte offset 18) and 
+** Set both the "read version" (single byte at byte offset 18) and
 ** "write version" (single byte at byte offset 19) fields in the database
 ** header to iVersion.
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeSetVersion(Btree *pBtree, int iVersion){
   BtShared *pBt = pBtree->pBt;
   int rc;                         /* Return code */
- 
+
   assert( iVersion==1 || iVersion==2 );
 
   /* If setting the version fields to 1, do not automatically open the
@@ -11328,7 +11374,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreeSharable(Btree *p){
 
 /*
 ** Return the number of connections to the BtShared object accessed by
-** the Btree handle passed as the only argument. For private caches 
+** the Btree handle passed as the only argument. For private caches
 ** this is always 1. For shared caches it may be 1 or greater.
 */
 int sqlite3BtreeConnectionCount(Btree *p){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/btree.h b/sqlite/src/btree.h
index b9078f90..b45ace7e 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/btree.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/btree.h
@@ -321,9 +321,7 @@ int sqlite3BtreePrevious(BtCursor*, int flags);
 i64 sqlite3BtreeIntegerKey(BtCursor*);
 void sqlite3BtreeCursorPin(BtCursor*);
 void sqlite3BtreeCursorUnpin(BtCursor*);
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_OFFSET_SQL_FUNC
 i64 sqlite3BtreeOffset(BtCursor*);
-#endif
 int sqlite3BtreePayload(BtCursor*, u32 offset, u32 amt, void*);
 const void *sqlite3BtreePayloadFetch(BtCursor*, u32 *pAmt);
 u32 sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(BtCursor*);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/btreeInt.h b/sqlite/src/btreeInt.h
index 6d357842..563e15f8 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/btreeInt.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/btreeInt.h
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
 **    0x81 0x00                 becomes  0x00000080
 **    0x82 0x00                 becomes  0x00000100
 **    0x80 0x7f                 becomes  0x0000007f
-**    0x8a 0x91 0xd1 0xac 0x78  becomes  0x12345678
+**    0x81 0x91 0xd1 0xac 0x78  becomes  0x12345678
 **    0x81 0x81 0x81 0x81 0x01  becomes  0x10204081
 **
 ** Variable length integers are used for rowids and to hold the number of
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ typedef struct CellInfo CellInfo;
 ** page that has been loaded into memory.  The information in this object
 ** is derived from the raw on-disk page content.
 **
-** As each database page is loaded into memory, the pager allocats an
+** As each database page is loaded into memory, the pager allocates an
 ** instance of this object and zeros the first 8 bytes.  (This is the
 ** "extra" information associated with each page of the pager.)
 **
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ struct IntegrityCk {
   BtShared *pBt;    /* The tree being checked out */
   Pager *pPager;    /* The associated pager.  Also accessible by pBt->pPager */
   u8 *aPgRef;       /* 1 bit per page in the db (see above) */
-  Pgno nPage;       /* Number of pages in the database */
+  Pgno nCkPage;     /* Pages in the database.  0 for partial check */
   int mxErr;        /* Stop accumulating errors when this reaches zero */
   int nErr;         /* Number of messages written to zErrMsg so far */
   int rc;           /* SQLITE_OK, SQLITE_NOMEM, or SQLITE_INTERRUPT */
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ struct IntegrityCk {
 
 /*
 ** get2byteAligned(), unlike get2byte(), requires that its argument point to a
-** two-byte aligned address.  get2bytea() is only used for accessing the
+** two-byte aligned address.  get2byteAligned() is only used for accessing the
 ** cell addresses in a btree header.
 */
 #if SQLITE_BYTEORDER==4321
diff --git a/sqlite/src/build.c b/sqlite/src/build.c
index 9be444c3..3d067923 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/build.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/build.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ struct TableLock {
 };
 
 /*
-** Record the fact that we want to lock a table at run-time.  
+** Record the fact that we want to lock a table at run-time. 
 **
 ** The table to be locked has root page iTab and is found in database iDb.
 ** A read or a write lock can be taken depending on isWritelock.
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ void sqlite3TableLock(
 */
 static void codeTableLocks(Parse *pParse){
   int i;
-  Vdbe *pVdbe = pParse->pVdbe; 
+  Vdbe *pVdbe = pParse->pVdbe;
   assert( pVdbe!=0 );
 
   for(i=0; i<pParse->nTableLock; i++){
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse *pParse){
     v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
     if( v==0 ) pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
   }
-  assert( !pParse->isMultiWrite 
+  assert( !pParse->isMultiWrite
        || sqlite3VdbeAssertMayAbort(v, pParse->mayAbort));
   if( v ){
     if( pParse->bReturning ){
@@ -234,29 +234,26 @@ void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse *pParse){
     pParse->nVtabLock = 0;
 #endif
 
-    /* Once all the cookies have been verified and transactions opened, 
-    ** obtain the required table-locks. This is a no-op unless the 
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
+    /* Once all the cookies have been verified and transactions opened,
+    ** obtain the required table-locks. This is a no-op unless the
     ** shared-cache feature is enabled.
     */
-    codeTableLocks(pParse);
+    if( pParse->nTableLock ) codeTableLocks(pParse);
+#endif
 
     /* Initialize any AUTOINCREMENT data structures required.
     */
-    sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(pParse);
+    if( pParse->pAinc ) sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(pParse);
 
-    /* Code constant expressions that where factored out of inner loops.
-    **
-    ** The pConstExpr list might also contain expressions that we simply
-    ** want to keep around until the Parse object is deleted.  Such
-    ** expressions have iConstExprReg==0.  Do not generate code for
-    ** those expressions, of course.
+    /* Code constant expressions that were factored out of inner loops. 
     */
     if( pParse->pConstExpr ){
       ExprList *pEL = pParse->pConstExpr;
       pParse->okConstFactor = 0;
       for(i=0; i<pEL->nExpr; i++){
-        int iReg = pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg;
-        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEL->a[i].pExpr, iReg);
+        assert( pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg>0 );
+        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEL->a[i].pExpr, pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg);
       }
     }
 
@@ -386,7 +383,7 @@ Table *sqlite3FindTable(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName, const char *zDatabase){
          || sqlite3StrICmp(zName+7, &PREFERRED_SCHEMA_TABLE[7])==0
          || sqlite3StrICmp(zName+7, &LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE[7])==0
         ){
-          p = sqlite3HashFind(&db->aDb[1].pSchema->tblHash, 
+          p = sqlite3HashFind(&db->aDb[1].pSchema->tblHash,
                               LEGACY_TEMP_SCHEMA_TABLE);
         }
       }else{
@@ -413,7 +410,7 @@ Table *sqlite3FindTable(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName, const char *zDatabase){
       if( sqlite3StrICmp(zName+7, &PREFERRED_SCHEMA_TABLE[7])==0 ){
         p = sqlite3HashFind(&db->aDb[0].pSchema->tblHash, LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE);
       }else if( sqlite3StrICmp(zName+7, &PREFERRED_TEMP_SCHEMA_TABLE[7])==0 ){
-        p = sqlite3HashFind(&db->aDb[1].pSchema->tblHash, 
+        p = sqlite3HashFind(&db->aDb[1].pSchema->tblHash,
                             LEGACY_TEMP_SCHEMA_TABLE);
       }
     }
@@ -442,7 +439,7 @@ Table *sqlite3LocateTable(
 
   /* Read the database schema. If an error occurs, leave an error message
   ** and code in pParse and return NULL. */
-  if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_SchemaKnownOk)==0 
+  if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_SchemaKnownOk)==0
    && SQLITE_OK!=sqlite3ReadSchema(pParse)
   ){
     return 0;
@@ -495,7 +492,7 @@ Table *sqlite3LocateTable(
 ** sqlite3FixSrcList() for details.
 */
 Table *sqlite3LocateTableItem(
-  Parse *pParse, 
+  Parse *pParse,
   u32 flags,
   SrcItem *p
 ){
@@ -527,7 +524,7 @@ const char *sqlite3PreferredTableName(const char *zName){
 }
 
 /*
-** Locate the in-memory structure that describes 
+** Locate the in-memory structure that describes
 ** a particular index given the name of that index
 ** and the name of the database that contains the index.
 ** Return NULL if not found.
@@ -755,7 +752,7 @@ void sqlite3ColumnSetColl(
 }
 
 /*
-** Return the collating squence name for a column
+** Return the collating sequence name for a column
 */
 const char *sqlite3ColumnColl(Column *pCol){
   const char *z;
@@ -802,10 +799,10 @@ void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTable){
 **
 ** This routine just deletes the data structure.  It does not unlink
 ** the table data structure from the hash table.  But it does destroy
-** memory structures of the indices and foreign keys associated with 
+** memory structures of the indices and foreign keys associated with
 ** the table.
 **
-** The db parameter is optional.  It is needed if the Table object 
+** The db parameter is optional.  It is needed if the Table object
 ** contains lookaside memory.  (Table objects in the schema do not use
 ** lookaside memory, but some ephemeral Table objects do.)  Or the
 ** db parameter can be used with db->pnBytesFreed to measure the memory
@@ -817,7 +814,7 @@ static void SQLITE_NOINLINE deleteTable(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTable){
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
   /* Record the number of outstanding lookaside allocations in schema Tables
   ** prior to doing any free() operations. Since schema Tables do not use
-  ** lookaside, this number should not change. 
+  ** lookaside, this number should not change.
   **
   ** If malloc has already failed, it may be that it failed while allocating
   ** a Table object that was going to be marked ephemeral. So do not check
@@ -835,7 +832,7 @@ static void SQLITE_NOINLINE deleteTable(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTable){
     assert( pIndex->pSchema==pTable->pSchema
          || (IsVirtual(pTable) && pIndex->idxType!=SQLITE_IDXTYPE_APPDEF) );
     if( db->pnBytesFreed==0 && !IsVirtual(pTable) ){
-      char *zName = pIndex->zName; 
+      char *zName = pIndex->zName;
       TESTONLY ( Index *pOld = ) sqlite3HashInsert(
          &pIndex->pSchema->idxHash, zName, 0
       );
@@ -957,7 +954,7 @@ int sqlite3FindDbName(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName){
 /*
 ** The token *pName contains the name of a database (either "main" or
 ** "temp" or the name of an attached db). This routine returns the
-** index of the named database in db->aDb[], or -1 if the named db 
+** index of the named database in db->aDb[], or -1 if the named db
 ** does not exist.
 */
 int sqlite3FindDb(sqlite3 *db, Token *pName){
@@ -973,7 +970,7 @@ int sqlite3FindDb(sqlite3 *db, Token *pName){
 ** pName1 and pName2. If the table name was fully qualified, for example:
 **
 ** CREATE TABLE xxx.yyy (...);
-** 
+**
 ** Then pName1 is set to "xxx" and pName2 "yyy". On the other hand if
 ** the table name is not fully qualified, i.e.:
 **
@@ -1127,7 +1124,7 @@ i16 sqlite3StorageColumnToTable(Table *pTab, i16 iCol){
 ** The storage column number (0,1,2,....) is the index of the value
 ** as it appears in the record on disk.  Or, if the input column is
 ** the N-th virtual column (zero-based) then the storage number is
-** the number of non-virtual columns in the table plus N.  
+** the number of non-virtual columns in the table plus N. 
 **
 ** The true column number is the index (0,1,2,...) of the column in
 ** the CREATE TABLE statement.
@@ -1235,7 +1232,7 @@ void sqlite3StartTable(
     iDb = sqlite3TwoPartName(pParse, pName1, pName2, &pName);
     if( iDb<0 ) return;
     if( !OMIT_TEMPDB && isTemp && pName2->n>0 && iDb!=1 ){
-      /* If creating a temp table, the name may not be qualified. Unless 
+      /* If creating a temp table, the name may not be qualified. Unless
       ** the database name is "temp" anyway.  */
       sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "temporary table name must be unqualified");
       return;
@@ -1326,7 +1323,7 @@ void sqlite3StartTable(
   ** the schema table.  Note in particular that we must go ahead
   ** and allocate the record number for the table entry now.  Before any
   ** PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE keywords are parsed.  Those keywords will cause
-  ** indices to be created and the table record must come before the 
+  ** indices to be created and the table record must come before the
   ** indices.  Hence, the record number for the table must be allocated
   ** now.
   */
@@ -1344,7 +1341,7 @@ void sqlite3StartTable(
     }
 #endif
 
-    /* If the file format and encoding in the database have not been set, 
+    /* If the file format and encoding in the database have not been set,
     ** set them now.
     */
     reg1 = pParse->regRowid = ++pParse->nMem;
@@ -1410,20 +1407,13 @@ void sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(Table *pTab, Column *pCol){
 }
 #endif
 
-/*
-** Name of the special TEMP trigger used to implement RETURNING.  The
-** name begins with "sqlite_" so that it is guaranteed not to collide
-** with any application-generated triggers.
-*/
-#define RETURNING_TRIGGER_NAME  "sqlite_returning"
-
 /*
 ** Clean up the data structures associated with the RETURNING clause.
 */
 static void sqlite3DeleteReturning(sqlite3 *db, Returning *pRet){
   Hash *pHash;
   pHash = &(db->aDb[1].pSchema->trigHash);
-  sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, RETURNING_TRIGGER_NAME, 0);
+  sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, pRet->zName, 0);
   sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pRet->pReturnEL);
   sqlite3DbFree(db, pRet);
 }
@@ -1466,7 +1456,9 @@ void sqlite3AddReturning(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList){
      (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3DeleteReturning, pRet);
   testcase( pParse->earlyCleanup );
   if( db->mallocFailed ) return;
-  pRet->retTrig.zName = RETURNING_TRIGGER_NAME;
+  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(pRet->zName), pRet->zName,
+                   "sqlite_returning_%p", pParse);
+  pRet->retTrig.zName = pRet->zName;
   pRet->retTrig.op = TK_RETURNING;
   pRet->retTrig.tr_tm = TRIGGER_AFTER;
   pRet->retTrig.bReturning = 1;
@@ -1477,9 +1469,9 @@ void sqlite3AddReturning(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList){
   pRet->retTStep.pTrig = &pRet->retTrig;
   pRet->retTStep.pExprList = pList;
   pHash = &(db->aDb[1].pSchema->trigHash);
-  assert( sqlite3HashFind(pHash, RETURNING_TRIGGER_NAME)==0
+  assert( sqlite3HashFind(pHash, pRet->zName)==0
           || pParse->nErr  || pParse->ifNotExists );
-  if( sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, RETURNING_TRIGGER_NAME, &pRet->retTrig)
+  if( sqlite3HashInsert(pHash, pRet->zName, &pRet->retTrig)
           ==&pRet->retTrig ){
     sqlite3OomFault(db);
   }
@@ -1513,7 +1505,7 @@ void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token sName, Token sType){
   }
   if( !IN_RENAME_OBJECT ) sqlite3DequoteToken(&sName);
 
-  /* Because keywords GENERATE ALWAYS can be converted into indentifiers
+  /* Because keywords GENERATE ALWAYS can be converted into identifiers
   ** by the parser, we can sometimes end up with a typename that ends
   ** with "generated always".  Check for this case and omit the surplus
   ** text. */
@@ -1573,7 +1565,7 @@ void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token sName, Token sType){
   pCol->zCnName = z;
   pCol->hName = hName;
   sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(p, pCol);
- 
+
   if( sType.n==0 ){
     /* If there is no type specified, columns have the default affinity
     ** 'BLOB' with a default size of 4 bytes. */
@@ -1632,11 +1624,11 @@ void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse *pParse, int onError){
 ** Scan the column type name zType (length nType) and return the
 ** associated affinity type.
 **
-** This routine does a case-independent search of zType for the 
+** This routine does a case-independent search of zType for the
 ** substrings in the following table. If one of the substrings is
 ** found, the corresponding affinity is returned. If zType contains
-** more than one of the substrings, entries toward the top of 
-** the table take priority. For example, if zType is 'BLOBINT', 
+** more than one of the substrings, entries toward the top of
+** the table take priority. For example, if zType is 'BLOBINT',
 ** SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER is returned.
 **
 ** Substring     | Affinity
@@ -1734,7 +1726,7 @@ void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(
   Parse *pParse,           /* Parsing context */
   Expr *pExpr,             /* The parsed expression of the default value */
   const char *zStart,      /* Start of the default value text */
-  const char *zEnd         /* First character past end of defaut value text */
+  const char *zEnd         /* First character past end of default value text */
 ){
   Table *p;
   Column *pCol;
@@ -1775,7 +1767,7 @@ void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(
 
 /*
 ** Backwards Compatibility Hack:
-** 
+**
 ** Historical versions of SQLite accepted strings as column names in
 ** indexes and PRIMARY KEY constraints and in UNIQUE constraints.  Example:
 **
@@ -1809,11 +1801,11 @@ static void makeColumnPartOfPrimaryKey(Parse *pParse, Column *pCol){
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
       "generated columns cannot be part of the PRIMARY KEY");
   }
-#endif          
+#endif         
 }
 
 /*
-** Designate the PRIMARY KEY for the table.  pList is a list of names 
+** Designate the PRIMARY KEY for the table.  pList is a list of names
 ** of columns that form the primary key.  If pList is NULL, then the
 ** most recently added column of the table is the primary key.
 **
@@ -1843,7 +1835,7 @@ void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(
   int nTerm;
   if( pTab==0 ) goto primary_key_exit;
   if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasPrimaryKey ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
       "table \"%s\" has more than one primary key", pTab->zName);
     goto primary_key_exit;
   }
@@ -1928,7 +1920,7 @@ void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(
       while( sqlite3Isspace(zEnd[-1]) ){ zEnd--; }
       t.z = zStart;
       t.n = (int)(zEnd - t.z);
-      sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, pTab->pCheck, &t, 1);    
+      sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, pTab->pCheck, &t, 1);   
     }
   }else
 #endif
@@ -1956,7 +1948,7 @@ void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse *pParse, Token *pToken){
   if( sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl) ){
     Index *pIdx;
     sqlite3ColumnSetColl(db, &p->aCol[i], zColl);
-  
+ 
     /* If the column is declared as "<name> PRIMARY KEY COLLATE <type>",
     ** then an index may have been created on this column before the
     ** collation type was added. Correct this if it is the case.
@@ -2054,7 +2046,7 @@ void sqlite3ChangeCookie(Parse *pParse, int iDb){
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
   Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
   assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
-  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SetCookie, iDb, BTREE_SCHEMA_VERSION, 
+  sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SetCookie, iDb, BTREE_SCHEMA_VERSION,
                    (int)(1+(unsigned)db->aDb[iDb].pSchema->schema_cookie));
 }
 
@@ -2075,14 +2067,14 @@ static int identLength(const char *z){
 }
 
 /*
-** The first parameter is a pointer to an output buffer. The second 
+** The first parameter is a pointer to an output buffer. The second
 ** parameter is a pointer to an integer that contains the offset at
 ** which to write into the output buffer. This function copies the
 ** nul-terminated string pointed to by the third parameter, zSignedIdent,
 ** to the specified offset in the buffer and updates *pIdx to refer
 ** to the first byte after the last byte written before returning.
-** 
-** If the string zSignedIdent consists entirely of alpha-numeric
+**
+** If the string zSignedIdent consists entirely of alphanumeric
 ** characters, does not begin with a digit and is not an SQL keyword,
 ** then it is copied to the output buffer exactly as it is. Otherwise,
 ** it is quoted using double-quotes.
@@ -2125,7 +2117,7 @@ static char *createTableStmt(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
     n += identLength(pCol->zCnName) + 5;
   }
   n += identLength(p->zName);
-  if( n<50 ){ 
+  if( n<50 ){
     zSep = "";
     zSep2 = ",";
     zEnd = ")";
@@ -2168,7 +2160,7 @@ static char *createTableStmt(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
     testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER );
     testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL );
     testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_FLEXNUM );
-    
+   
     zType = azType[pCol->affinity - SQLITE_AFF_BLOB];
     len = sqlite3Strlen30(zType);
     assert( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_BLOB
@@ -2234,7 +2226,7 @@ static void estimateIndexWidth(Index *pIdx){
   for(i=0; i<pIdx->nColumn; i++){
     i16 x = pIdx->aiColumn[i];
     assert( x<pIdx->pTable->nCol );
-    wIndex += x<0 ? 1 : aCol[pIdx->aiColumn[i]].szEst;
+    wIndex += x<0 ? 1 : aCol[x].szEst;
   }
   pIdx->szIdxRow = sqlite3LogEst(wIndex*4);
 }
@@ -2277,7 +2269,7 @@ static int isDupColumn(Index *pIdx, int nKey, Index *pPk, int iCol){
   assert( j!=XN_ROWID && j!=XN_EXPR );
   for(i=0; i<nKey; i++){
     assert( pIdx->aiColumn[i]>=0 || j>=0 );
-    if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]==j 
+    if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]==j
      && sqlite3StrICmp(pIdx->azColl[i], pPk->azColl[iCol])==0
     ){
       return 1;
@@ -2329,7 +2321,7 @@ static void recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(Index *pIdx){
 ** Changes include:
 **
 **     (1)  Set all columns of the PRIMARY KEY schema object to be NOT NULL.
-**     (2)  Convert P3 parameter of the OP_CreateBtree from BTREE_INTKEY 
+**     (2)  Convert P3 parameter of the OP_CreateBtree from BTREE_INTKEY
 **          into BTREE_BLOBKEY.
 **     (3)  Bypass the creation of the sqlite_schema table entry
 **          for the PRIMARY KEY as the primary key index is now
@@ -2377,13 +2369,13 @@ static void convertToWithoutRowidTable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
   }
 
   /* Locate the PRIMARY KEY index.  Or, if this table was originally
-  ** an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY table, create a new PRIMARY KEY index. 
+  ** an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY table, create a new PRIMARY KEY index.
   */
   if( pTab->iPKey>=0 ){
     ExprList *pList;
     Token ipkToken;
     sqlite3TokenInit(&ipkToken, pTab->aCol[pTab->iPKey].zCnName);
-    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, 
+    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0,
                   sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ID, &ipkToken, 0));
     if( pList==0 ){
       pTab->tabFlags &= ~TF_WithoutRowid;
@@ -2622,7 +2614,7 @@ static void markExprListImmutable(ExprList *pList){
 ** the sqlite_schema table.  We do not want to create it again.
 **
 ** If the pSelect argument is not NULL, it means that this routine
-** was called to create a table generated from a 
+** was called to create a table generated from a
 ** "CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT ..." statement.  The column names of
 ** the new table will match the result set of the SELECT.
 */
@@ -2701,7 +2693,7 @@ void sqlite3EndTable(
         pCol->notNull = OE_Abort;
         p->tabFlags |= TF_HasNotNull;
       }
-    }    
+    }   
   }
 
   assert( (p->tabFlags & TF_HasPrimaryKey)==0
@@ -2758,7 +2750,7 @@ void sqlite3EndTable(
           ** tree that have been allocated from lookaside memory, which is
           ** illegal in a schema and will lead to errors or heap corruption
           ** when the database connection closes. */
-          sqlite3ColumnSetExpr(pParse, p, &p->aCol[ii], 
+          sqlite3ColumnSetExpr(pParse, p, &p->aCol[ii],
                sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_NULL, 0, 0));
         }
       }else{
@@ -2796,7 +2788,7 @@ void sqlite3EndTable(
 
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Close, 0);
 
-    /* 
+    /*
     ** Initialize zType for the new view or table.
     */
     if( IsOrdinaryTable(p) ){
@@ -2880,12 +2872,12 @@ void sqlite3EndTable(
       Token *pEnd2 = tabOpts ? &pParse->sLastToken : pEnd;
       n = (int)(pEnd2->z - pParse->sNameToken.z);
       if( pEnd2->z[0]!=';' ) n += pEnd2->n;
-      zStmt = sqlite3MPrintf(db, 
+      zStmt = sqlite3MPrintf(db,
           "CREATE %s %.*s", zType2, n, pParse->sNameToken.z
       );
     }
 
-    /* A slot for the record has already been allocated in the 
+    /* A slot for the record has already been allocated in the
     ** schema table.  We just need to update that slot with all
     ** the information we've collected.
     */
@@ -2923,6 +2915,17 @@ void sqlite3EndTable(
     /* Reparse everything to update our internal data structures */
     sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(v, iDb,
            sqlite3MPrintf(db, "tbl_name='%q' AND type!='trigger'", p->zName),0);
+
+    /* Test for cycles in generated columns and illegal expressions
+    ** in CHECK constraints and in DEFAULT clauses. */
+    if( p->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated ){
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_SqlExec, 1, 0, 0,
+             sqlite3MPrintf(db, "SELECT*FROM\"%w\".\"%w\"",
+                   db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName, p->zName), P4_DYNAMIC);
+    }
+    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_SqlExec, 1, 0, 0,
+           sqlite3MPrintf(db, "PRAGMA \"%w\".integrity_check(%Q)",
+                 db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName, p->zName), P4_DYNAMIC);
   }
 
   /* Add the table to the in-memory representation of the database.
@@ -3100,7 +3103,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int viewGetColumnNames(Parse *pParse, Table *pTable){
   ** Actually, the error above is now caught prior to reaching this point.
   ** But the following test is still important as it does come up
   ** in the following:
-  ** 
+  **
   **     CREATE TABLE main.ex1(a);
   **     CREATE TEMP VIEW ex1 AS SELECT a FROM ex1;
   **     SELECT * FROM temp.ex1;
@@ -3148,7 +3151,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int viewGetColumnNames(Parse *pParse, Table *pTable){
       ** normally holds CHECK constraints on an ordinary table, but for
       ** a VIEW it holds the list of column names.
       */
-      sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(pParse, pTable->pCheck, 
+      sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(pParse, pTable->pCheck,
                                  &pTable->nCol, &pTable->aCol);
       if( pParse->nErr==0
        && pTable->nCol==pSel->pEList->nExpr
@@ -3181,7 +3184,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int viewGetColumnNames(Parse *pParse, Table *pTable){
     sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(db, pTable);
   }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW */
-  return nErr;  
+  return nErr; 
 }
 int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse *pParse, Table *pTable){
   assert( pTable!=0 );
@@ -3220,7 +3223,7 @@ static void sqliteViewResetAll(sqlite3 *db, int idx){
 ** on tables and/or indices that are the process of being deleted.
 ** If you are unlucky, one of those deleted indices or tables might
 ** have the same rootpage number as the real table or index that is
-** being moved.  So we cannot stop searching after the first match 
+** being moved.  So we cannot stop searching after the first match
 ** because the first match might be for one of the deleted indices
 ** or tables and not the table/index that is actually being moved.
 ** We must continue looping until all tables and indices with
@@ -3257,7 +3260,7 @@ void sqlite3RootPageMoved(sqlite3 *db, int iDb, Pgno iFrom, Pgno iTo){
 ** Also write code to modify the sqlite_schema table and internal schema
 ** if a root-page of another table is moved by the btree-layer whilst
 ** erasing iTable (this can happen with an auto-vacuum database).
-*/ 
+*/
 static void destroyRootPage(Parse *pParse, int iTable, int iDb){
   Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
   int r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
@@ -3274,7 +3277,7 @@ static void destroyRootPage(Parse *pParse, int iTable, int iDb){
   ** is in register NNN.  See grammar rules associated with the TK_REGISTER
   ** token for additional information.
   */
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
      "UPDATE %Q." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE
      " SET rootpage=%d WHERE #%d AND rootpage=#%d",
      pParse->db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName, iTable, r1, r1);
@@ -3291,7 +3294,7 @@ static void destroyRootPage(Parse *pParse, int iTable, int iDb){
 static void destroyTable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
   /* If the database may be auto-vacuum capable (if SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOVACUUM
   ** is not defined), then it is important to call OP_Destroy on the
-  ** table and index root-pages in order, starting with the numerically 
+  ** table and index root-pages in order, starting with the numerically
   ** largest root-page number. This guarantees that none of the root-pages
   ** to be destroyed is relocated by an earlier OP_Destroy. i.e. if the
   ** following were coded:
@@ -3301,7 +3304,7 @@ static void destroyTable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
   ** OP_Destroy 5 0
   **
   ** and root page 5 happened to be the largest root-page number in the
-  ** database, then root page 5 would be moved to page 4 by the 
+  ** database, then root page 5 would be moved to page 4 by the
   ** "OP_Destroy 4 0" opcode. The subsequent "OP_Destroy 5 0" would hit
   ** a free-list page.
   */
@@ -3382,7 +3385,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeDropTable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int iDb, int isView){
   */
   pTrigger = sqlite3TriggerList(pParse, pTab);
   while( pTrigger ){
-    assert( pTrigger->pSchema==pTab->pSchema || 
+    assert( pTrigger->pSchema==pTab->pSchema ||
         pTrigger->pSchema==db->aDb[1].pSchema );
     sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(pParse, pTrigger);
     pTrigger = pTrigger->pNext;
@@ -3409,7 +3412,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeDropTable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, int iDb, int isView){
   ** created in the temp database that refers to a table in another
   ** database.
   */
-  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+  sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
       "DELETE FROM %Q." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE
       " WHERE tbl_name=%Q and type!='trigger'",
       pDb->zDbSName, pTab->zName);
@@ -3660,8 +3663,8 @@ void sqlite3CreateForeignKey(
         }
       }
       if( j>=p->nCol ){
-        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
-          "unknown column \"%s\" in foreign key definition", 
+        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+          "unknown column \"%s\" in foreign key definition",
           pFromCol->a[i].zEName);
         goto fk_end;
       }
@@ -3687,7 +3690,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateForeignKey(
   pFKey->aAction[1] = (u8)((flags >> 8 ) & 0xff);    /* ON UPDATE action */
 
   assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, p->pSchema) );
-  pNextTo = (FKey *)sqlite3HashInsert(&p->pSchema->fkeyHash, 
+  pNextTo = (FKey *)sqlite3HashInsert(&p->pSchema->fkeyHash,
       pFKey->zTo, (void *)pFKey
   );
   if( pNextTo==pFKey ){
@@ -3796,7 +3799,7 @@ static void sqlite3RefillIndex(Parse *pParse, Index *pIndex, int memRootPage){
   sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, iTab, addr1+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
   sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
   if( memRootPage<0 ) sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Clear, tnum, iDb);
-  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_OpenWrite, iIdx, (int)tnum, iDb, 
+  sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_OpenWrite, iIdx, (int)tnum, iDb,
                     (char *)pKey, P4_KEYINFO);
   sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_BULKCSR|((memRootPage>=0)?OPFLAG_P2ISREG:0));
 
@@ -3815,7 +3818,7 @@ static void sqlite3RefillIndex(Parse *pParse, Index *pIndex, int memRootPage){
     ** user function that throws an exception when it is evaluated. But the
     ** overhead of adding a statement journal to a CREATE INDEX statement is
     ** very small (since most of the pages written do not contain content that
-    ** needs to be restored if the statement aborts), so we call 
+    ** needs to be restored if the statement aborts), so we call
     ** sqlite3MayAbort() for all CREATE INDEX statements.  */
     sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
     addr2 = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
@@ -3888,7 +3891,7 @@ int sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList){
     for(i=0; i<pList->nExpr; i++){
       if( pList->a[i].fg.bNulls ){
         u8 sf = pList->a[i].fg.sortFlags;
-        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unsupported use of NULLS %s", 
+        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unsupported use of NULLS %s",
             (sf==0 || sf==3) ? "FIRST" : "LAST"
         );
         return 1;
@@ -3899,8 +3902,8 @@ int sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList){
 }
 
 /*
-** Create a new index for an SQL table.  pName1.pName2 is the name of the index 
-** and pTblList is the name of the table that is to be indexed.  Both will 
+** Create a new index for an SQL table.  pName1.pName2 is the name of the index
+** and pTblList is the name of the table that is to be indexed.  Both will
 ** be NULL for a primary key or an index that is created to satisfy a
 ** UNIQUE constraint.  If pTable and pIndex are NULL, use pParse->pNewTable
 ** as the table to be indexed.  pParse->pNewTable is a table that is
@@ -3908,7 +3911,7 @@ int sqlite3HasExplicitNulls(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList){
 **
 ** pList is a list of columns to be indexed.  pList will be NULL if this
 ** is a primary key or unique-constraint on the most recent column added
-** to the table currently under construction.  
+** to the table currently under construction. 
 */
 void sqlite3CreateIndex(
   Parse *pParse,     /* All information about this parse */
@@ -3960,7 +3963,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
   */
   if( pTblName!=0 ){
 
-    /* Use the two-part index name to determine the database 
+    /* Use the two-part index name to determine the database
     ** to search for the table. 'Fix' the table name to this db
     ** before looking up the table.
     */
@@ -3972,7 +3975,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
     /* If the index name was unqualified, check if the table
     ** is a temp table. If so, set the database to 1. Do not do this
-    ** if initialising a database schema.
+    ** if initializing a database schema.
     */
     if( !db->init.busy ){
       pTab = sqlite3SrcListLookup(pParse, pTblName);
@@ -3992,7 +3995,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
     assert( db->mallocFailed==0 || pTab==0 );
     if( pTab==0 ) goto exit_create_index;
     if( iDb==1 && db->aDb[iDb].pSchema!=pTab->pSchema ){
-      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
            "cannot create a TEMP index on non-TEMP table \"%s\"",
            pTab->zName);
       goto exit_create_index;
@@ -4008,7 +4011,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
   pDb = &db->aDb[iDb];
 
   assert( pTab!=0 );
-  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName, "sqlite_", 7)==0 
+  if( sqlite3StrNICmp(pTab->zName, "sqlite_", 7)==0
        && db->init.busy==0
        && pTblName!=0
 #if SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION
@@ -4033,7 +4036,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
 
   /*
   ** Find the name of the index.  Make sure there is not already another
-  ** index or table with the same name.  
+  ** index or table with the same name. 
   **
   ** Exception:  If we are reading the names of permanent indices from the
   ** sqlite_schema table (because some other process changed the schema) and
@@ -4133,8 +4136,8 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
     }
   }
 
-  /* 
-  ** Allocate the index structure. 
+  /*
+  ** Allocate the index structure.
   */
   nName = sqlite3Strlen30(zName);
   nExtraCol = pPk ? pPk->nKeyCol : 1;
@@ -4255,7 +4258,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
       int x = pPk->aiColumn[j];
       assert( x>=0 );
       if( isDupColumn(pIndex, pIndex->nKeyCol, pPk, j) ){
-        pIndex->nColumn--; 
+        pIndex->nColumn--;
       }else{
         testcase( hasColumn(pIndex->aiColumn,pIndex->nKeyCol,x) );
         pIndex->aiColumn[i] = x;
@@ -4274,7 +4277,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
 
   /* If this index contains every column of its table, then mark
   ** it as a covering index */
-  assert( HasRowid(pTab) 
+  assert( HasRowid(pTab)
       || pTab->iPKey<0 || sqlite3TableColumnToIndex(pIndex, pTab->iPKey)>=0 );
   recomputeColumnsNotIndexed(pIndex);
   if( pTblName!=0 && pIndex->nColumn>=pTab->nCol ){
@@ -4330,13 +4333,13 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
         if( pIdx->onError!=pIndex->onError ){
           /* This constraint creates the same index as a previous
           ** constraint specified somewhere in the CREATE TABLE statement.
-          ** However the ON CONFLICT clauses are different. If both this 
+          ** However the ON CONFLICT clauses are different. If both this
           ** constraint and the previous equivalent constraint have explicit
           ** ON CONFLICT clauses this is an error. Otherwise, use the
           ** explicitly specified behavior for the index.
           */
           if( !(pIdx->onError==OE_Default || pIndex->onError==OE_Default) ){
-            sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+            sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
                 "conflicting ON CONFLICT clauses specified", 0);
           }
           if( pIdx->onError==OE_Default ){
@@ -4357,7 +4360,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
   if( !IN_RENAME_OBJECT ){
 
     /* Link the new Index structure to its table and to the other
-    ** in-memory database structures. 
+    ** in-memory database structures.
     */
     assert( pParse->nErr==0 );
     if( db->init.busy ){
@@ -4372,7 +4375,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
           goto exit_create_index;
         }
       }
-      p = sqlite3HashInsert(&pIndex->pSchema->idxHash, 
+      p = sqlite3HashInsert(&pIndex->pSchema->idxHash,
           pIndex->zName, pIndex);
       if( p ){
         assert( p==pIndex );  /* Malloc must have failed */
@@ -4406,9 +4409,9 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
       sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(pParse, 1, iDb);
 
       /* Create the rootpage for the index using CreateIndex. But before
-      ** doing so, code a Noop instruction and store its address in 
-      ** Index.tnum. This is required in case this index is actually a 
-      ** PRIMARY KEY and the table is actually a WITHOUT ROWID table. In 
+      ** doing so, code a Noop instruction and store its address in
+      ** Index.tnum. This is required in case this index is actually a
+      ** PRIMARY KEY and the table is actually a WITHOUT ROWID table. In
       ** that case the convertToWithoutRowidTable() routine will replace
       ** the Noop with a Goto to jump over the VDBE code generated below. */
       pIndex->tnum = (Pgno)sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Noop);
@@ -4432,7 +4435,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
 
       /* Add an entry in sqlite_schema for this index
       */
-      sqlite3NestedParse(pParse, 
+      sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
          "INSERT INTO %Q." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " VALUES('index',%Q,%Q,#%d,%Q);",
          db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName,
          pIndex->zName,
@@ -4534,7 +4537,7 @@ void sqlite3DefaultRowEst(Index *pIdx){
   /* Indexes with default row estimates should not have stat1 data */
   assert( !pIdx->hasStat1 );
 
-  /* Set the first entry (number of rows in the index) to the estimated 
+  /* Set the first entry (number of rows in the index) to the estimated
   ** number of rows in the table, or half the number of rows in the table
   ** for a partial index.
   **
@@ -4830,7 +4833,7 @@ SrcList *sqlite3SrcListEnlarge(
 ** database name prefix.  Like this:  "database.table".  The pDatabase
 ** points to the table name and the pTable points to the database name.
 ** The SrcList.a[].zName field is filled with the table name which might
-** come from pTable (if pDatabase is NULL) or from pDatabase.  
+** come from pTable (if pDatabase is NULL) or from pDatabase. 
 ** SrcList.a[].zDatabase is filled with the database name from pTable,
 ** or with NULL if no database is specified.
 **
@@ -4964,7 +4967,7 @@ SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(
   SrcItem *pItem;
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
   if( !p && pOnUsing!=0 && (pOnUsing->pOn || pOnUsing->pUsing) ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "a JOIN clause is required before %s", 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "a JOIN clause is required before %s",
       (pOnUsing->pOn ? "ON" : "USING")
     );
     goto append_from_error;
@@ -5011,7 +5014,7 @@ SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(
 }
 
 /*
-** Add an INDEXED BY or NOT INDEXED clause to the most recently added 
+** Add an INDEXED BY or NOT INDEXED clause to the most recently added
 ** element of the source-list passed as the second argument.
 */
 void sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(Parse *pParse, SrcList *p, Token *pIndexedBy){
@@ -5024,7 +5027,7 @@ void sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(Parse *pParse, SrcList *p, Token *pIndexedBy){
     assert( pItem->fg.isIndexedBy==0 );
     assert( pItem->fg.isTabFunc==0 );
     if( pIndexedBy->n==1 && !pIndexedBy->z ){
-      /* A "NOT INDEXED" clause was supplied. See parse.y 
+      /* A "NOT INDEXED" clause was supplied. See parse.y
       ** construct "indexed_opt" for details. */
       pItem->fg.notIndexed = 1;
     }else{
@@ -5039,7 +5042,7 @@ void sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(Parse *pParse, SrcList *p, Token *pIndexedBy){
 ** Append the contents of SrcList p2 to SrcList p1 and return the resulting
 ** SrcList. Or, if an error occurs, return NULL. In all cases, p1 and p2
 ** are deleted by this function.
-*/ 
+*/
 SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendList(Parse *pParse, SrcList *p1, SrcList *p2){
   assert( p1 && p1->nSrc==1 );
   if( p2 ){
@@ -5165,7 +5168,7 @@ void sqlite3EndTransaction(Parse *pParse, int eType){
   assert( pParse->db!=0 );
   assert( eType==TK_COMMIT || eType==TK_END || eType==TK_ROLLBACK );
   isRollback = eType==TK_ROLLBACK;
-  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_TRANSACTION, 
+  if( sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_TRANSACTION,
        isRollback ? "ROLLBACK" : "COMMIT", 0, 0) ){
     return;
   }
@@ -5177,7 +5180,7 @@ void sqlite3EndTransaction(Parse *pParse, int eType){
 
 /*
 ** This function is called by the parser when it parses a command to create,
-** release or rollback an SQL savepoint. 
+** release or rollback an SQL savepoint.
 */
 void sqlite3Savepoint(Parse *pParse, int op, Token *pName){
   char *zName = sqlite3NameFromToken(pParse->db, pName);
@@ -5204,7 +5207,7 @@ int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *pParse){
   if( db->aDb[1].pBt==0 && !pParse->explain ){
     int rc;
     Btree *pBt;
-    static const int flags = 
+    static const int flags =
           SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE |
           SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE |
           SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE |
@@ -5252,7 +5255,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(Parse *pParse, int iDb){
 
 
 /*
-** If argument zDb is NULL, then call sqlite3CodeVerifySchema() for each 
+** If argument zDb is NULL, then call sqlite3CodeVerifySchema() for each
 ** attached database. Otherwise, invoke it for the database named zDb only.
 */
 void sqlite3CodeVerifyNamedSchema(Parse *pParse, const char *zDb){
@@ -5298,9 +5301,9 @@ void sqlite3MultiWrite(Parse *pParse){
   pToplevel->isMultiWrite = 1;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** The code generator calls this routine if is discovers that it is
-** possible to abort a statement prior to completion.  In order to 
+** possible to abort a statement prior to completion.  In order to
 ** perform this abort without corrupting the database, we need to make
 ** sure that the statement is protected by a statement transaction.
 **
@@ -5309,7 +5312,7 @@ void sqlite3MultiWrite(Parse *pParse){
 ** such that the abort must occur after the multiwrite.  This makes
 ** some statements involving the REPLACE conflict resolution algorithm
 ** go a little faster.  But taking advantage of this time dependency
-** makes it more difficult to prove that the code is correct (in 
+** makes it more difficult to prove that the code is correct (in
 ** particular, it prevents us from writing an effective
 ** implementation of sqlite3AssertMayAbort()) and so we have chosen
 ** to take the safe route and skip the optimization.
@@ -5356,7 +5359,7 @@ void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(
   StrAccum errMsg;
   Table *pTab = pIdx->pTable;
 
-  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&errMsg, pParse->db, 0, 0, 
+  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&errMsg, pParse->db, 0, 0,
                       pParse->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]);
   if( pIdx->aColExpr ){
     sqlite3_str_appendf(&errMsg, "index '%q'", pIdx->zName);
@@ -5372,8 +5375,8 @@ void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(
     }
   }
   zErr = sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&errMsg);
-  sqlite3HaltConstraint(pParse, 
-    IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx) ? SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY 
+  sqlite3HaltConstraint(pParse,
+    IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx) ? SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY
                             : SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE,
     onError, zErr, P4_DYNAMIC, P5_ConstraintUnique);
 }
@@ -5385,7 +5388,7 @@ void sqlite3UniqueConstraint(
 void sqlite3RowidConstraint(
   Parse *pParse,    /* Parsing context */
   int onError,      /* Conflict resolution algorithm */
-  Table *pTab       /* The table with the non-unique rowid */ 
+  Table *pTab       /* The table with the non-unique rowid */
 ){
   char *zMsg;
   int rc;
@@ -5627,9 +5630,9 @@ void sqlite3CteDelete(sqlite3 *db, Cte *pCte){
   sqlite3DbFree(db, pCte);
 }
 
-/* 
-** This routine is invoked once per CTE by the parser while parsing a 
-** WITH clause.  The CTE described by teh third argument is added to
+/*
+** This routine is invoked once per CTE by the parser while parsing a
+** WITH clause.  The CTE described by the third argument is added to
 ** the WITH clause of the second argument.  If the second argument is
 ** NULL, then a new WITH argument is created.
 */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/ctime.c b/sqlite/src/ctime.c
index c853e5ba..cf761299 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/ctime.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/ctime.c
@@ -60,9 +60,6 @@ static const char * const sqlite3azCompileOpt[] = {
 #ifdef SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC
   "4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC",
 #endif
-#ifdef SQLITE_64BIT_STATS
-  "64BIT_STATS",
-#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
 # if SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN != 1
   "ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN),
@@ -358,6 +355,9 @@ static const char * const sqlite3azCompileOpt[] = {
 #ifdef SQLITE_EXPLAIN_ESTIMATED_ROWS
   "EXPLAIN_ESTIMATED_ROWS",
 #endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT
+  "EXTRA_AUTOEXT=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT),
+#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_IFNULLROW
   "EXTRA_IFNULLROW",
 #endif
@@ -399,6 +399,9 @@ static const char * const sqlite3azCompileOpt[] = {
 #ifdef SQLITE_INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX
   "INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX=" CTIMEOPT_VAL(SQLITE_INTEGRITY_CHECK_ERROR_MAX),
 #endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_LEGACY_JSON_VALID
+  "LEGACY_JSON_VALID",
+#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_LIKE_DOESNT_MATCH_BLOBS
   "LIKE_DOESNT_MATCH_BLOBS",
 #endif
@@ -636,6 +639,9 @@ static const char * const sqlite3azCompileOpt[] = {
 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_VERSION_PRAGMAS
   "OMIT_SCHEMA_VERSION_PRAGMAS",
 #endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_SEH
+  "OMIT_SEH",
+#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
   "OMIT_SHARED_CACHE",
 #endif
diff --git a/sqlite/src/date.c b/sqlite/src/date.c
index 9b7957bb..f1630854 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/date.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/date.c
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ struct DateTime {
 */
 static int getDigits(const char *zDate, const char *zFormat, ...){
   /* The aMx[] array translates the 3rd character of each format
-  ** spec into a max size:    a   b   c   d   e     f */
-  static const u16 aMx[] = { 12, 14, 24, 31, 59, 9999 };
+  ** spec into a max size:    a   b   c   d   e      f */
+  static const u16 aMx[] = { 12, 14, 24, 31, 59, 14712 };
   va_list ap;
   int cnt = 0;
   char nextC;
@@ -452,17 +452,14 @@ static void computeYMD(DateTime *p){
 ** Compute the Hour, Minute, and Seconds from the julian day number.
 */
 static void computeHMS(DateTime *p){
-  int s;
+  int day_ms, day_min; /* milliseconds, minutes into the day */
   if( p->validHMS ) return;
   computeJD(p);
-  s = (int)((p->iJD + 43200000) % 86400000);
-  p->s = s/1000.0;
-  s = (int)p->s;
-  p->s -= s;
-  p->h = s/3600;
-  s -= p->h*3600;
-  p->m = s/60;
-  p->s += s - p->m*60;
+  day_ms = (int)((p->iJD + 43200000) % 86400000);
+  p->s = (day_ms % 60000)/1000.0;
+  day_min = day_ms/60000;
+  p->m = day_min % 60;
+  p->h = day_min / 60;
   p->rawS = 0;
   p->validHMS = 1;
 }
@@ -641,6 +638,25 @@ static const struct {
   { 4, "year",   14713.0,   31536000.0  },
 };
 
+/*
+** If the DateTime p is raw number, try to figure out if it is
+** a julian day number of a unix timestamp.  Set the p value
+** appropriately.
+*/
+static void autoAdjustDate(DateTime *p){
+  if( !p->rawS || p->validJD ){
+    p->rawS = 0;
+  }else if( p->s>=-21086676*(i64)10000        /* -4713-11-24 12:00:00 */
+         && p->s<=(25340230*(i64)10000)+799   /*  9999-12-31 23:59:59 */
+  ){
+    double r = p->s*1000.0 + 210866760000000.0;
+    clearYMD_HMS_TZ(p);
+    p->iJD = (sqlite3_int64)(r + 0.5);
+    p->validJD = 1;
+    p->rawS = 0;
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Process a modifier to a date-time stamp.  The modifiers are
 ** as follows:
@@ -684,19 +700,8 @@ static int parseModifier(
       */
       if( sqlite3_stricmp(z, "auto")==0 ){
         if( idx>1 ) return 1; /* IMP: R-33611-57934 */
-        if( !p->rawS || p->validJD ){
-          rc = 0;
-          p->rawS = 0;
-        }else if( p->s>=-21086676*(i64)10000        /* -4713-11-24 12:00:00 */
-               && p->s<=(25340230*(i64)10000)+799   /*  9999-12-31 23:59:59 */
-        ){
-          r = p->s*1000.0 + 210866760000000.0;
-          clearYMD_HMS_TZ(p);
-          p->iJD = (sqlite3_int64)(r + 0.5);
-          p->validJD = 1;
-          p->rawS = 0;
-          rc = 0;
-        }
+        autoAdjustDate(p);
+        rc = 0;
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -862,18 +867,73 @@ static int parseModifier(
     case '9': {
       double rRounder;
       int i;
-      for(n=1; z[n] && z[n]!=':' && !sqlite3Isspace(z[n]); n++){}
+      int Y,M,D,h,m,x;
+      const char *z2 = z;
+      char z0 = z[0];
+      for(n=1; z[n]; n++){
+        if( z[n]==':' ) break;
+        if( sqlite3Isspace(z[n]) ) break;
+        if( z[n]=='-' ){
+          if( n==5 && getDigits(&z[1], "40f", &Y)==1 ) break;
+          if( n==6 && getDigits(&z[1], "50f", &Y)==1 ) break;
+        }
+      }
       if( sqlite3AtoF(z, &r, n, SQLITE_UTF8)<=0 ){
-        rc = 1;
+        assert( rc==1 );
         break;
       }
-      if( z[n]==':' ){
+      if( z[n]=='-' ){
+        /* A modifier of the form (+|-)YYYY-MM-DD adds or subtracts the
+        ** specified number of years, months, and days.  MM is limited to
+        ** the range 0-11 and DD is limited to 0-30.
+        */
+        if( z0!='+' && z0!='-' ) break;  /* Must start with +/- */
+        if( n==5 ){
+          if( getDigits(&z[1], "40f-20a-20d", &Y, &M, &D)!=3 ) break;
+        }else{
+          assert( n==6 );
+          if( getDigits(&z[1], "50f-20a-20d", &Y, &M, &D)!=3 ) break;
+          z++;
+        }
+        if( M>=12 ) break;                   /* M range 0..11 */
+        if( D>=31 ) break;                   /* D range 0..30 */
+        computeYMD_HMS(p);
+        p->validJD = 0;
+        if( z0=='-' ){
+          p->Y -= Y;
+          p->M -= M;
+          D = -D;
+        }else{
+          p->Y += Y;
+          p->M += M;
+        }
+        x = p->M>0 ? (p->M-1)/12 : (p->M-12)/12;
+        p->Y += x;
+        p->M -= x*12;
+        computeJD(p);
+        p->validHMS = 0;
+        p->validYMD = 0;
+        p->iJD += (i64)D*86400000;
+        if( z[11]==0 ){
+          rc = 0;
+          break;
+        }
+        if( sqlite3Isspace(z[11])
+         && getDigits(&z[12], "20c:20e", &h, &m)==2
+        ){
+          z2 = &z[12];
+          n = 2;
+        }else{
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if( z2[n]==':' ){
         /* A modifier of the form (+|-)HH:MM:SS.FFF adds (or subtracts) the
         ** specified number of hours, minutes, seconds, and fractional seconds
         ** to the time.  The ".FFF" may be omitted.  The ":SS.FFF" may be
         ** omitted.
         */
-        const char *z2 = z;
+
         DateTime tx;
         sqlite3_int64 day;
         if( !sqlite3Isdigit(*z2) ) z2++;
@@ -883,7 +943,7 @@ static int parseModifier(
         tx.iJD -= 43200000;
         day = tx.iJD/86400000;
         tx.iJD -= day*86400000;
-        if( z[0]=='-' ) tx.iJD = -tx.iJD;
+        if( z0=='-' ) tx.iJD = -tx.iJD;
         computeJD(p);
         clearYMD_HMS_TZ(p);
         p->iJD += tx.iJD;
@@ -899,7 +959,7 @@ static int parseModifier(
       if( n>10 || n<3 ) break;
       if( sqlite3UpperToLower[(u8)z[n-1]]=='s' ) n--;
       computeJD(p);
-      rc = 1;
+      assert( rc==1 );
       rRounder = r<0 ? -0.5 : +0.5;
       for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aXformType); i++){
         if( aXformType[i].nName==n
@@ -908,7 +968,6 @@ static int parseModifier(
         ){
           switch( i ){
             case 4: { /* Special processing to add months */
-              int x;
               assert( strcmp(aXformType[i].zName,"month")==0 );
               computeYMD_HMS(p);
               p->M += (int)r;
@@ -1067,7 +1126,7 @@ static void datetimeFunc(
     zBuf[16] = '0' + (x.m)%10;
     zBuf[17] = ':';
     if( x.useSubsec ){
-      s = (int)1000.0*x.s;
+      s = (int)(1000.0*x.s + 0.5);
       zBuf[18] = '0' + (s/10000)%10;
       zBuf[19] = '0' + (s/1000)%10;
       zBuf[20] = '.';
@@ -1114,7 +1173,7 @@ static void timeFunc(
     zBuf[4] = '0' + (x.m)%10;
     zBuf[5] = ':';
     if( x.useSubsec ){
-      s = (int)1000.0*x.s;
+      s = (int)(1000.0*x.s + 0.5);
       zBuf[6] = '0' + (s/10000)%10;
       zBuf[7] = '0' + (s/1000)%10;
       zBuf[8] = '.';
@@ -1185,7 +1244,7 @@ static void dateFunc(
 **   %M  minute 00-59
 **   %s  seconds since 1970-01-01
 **   %S  seconds 00-59
-**   %w  day of week 0-6  sunday==0
+**   %w  day of week 0-6  Sunday==0
 **   %W  week of year 00-53
 **   %Y  year 0000-9999
 **   %%  %
@@ -1211,13 +1270,16 @@ static void strftimeFunc(
   computeJD(&x);
   computeYMD_HMS(&x);
   for(i=j=0; zFmt[i]; i++){
+    char cf;
     if( zFmt[i]!='%' ) continue;
     if( j<i ) sqlite3_str_append(&sRes, zFmt+j, (int)(i-j));
     i++;
     j = i + 1;
-    switch( zFmt[i] ){
-      case 'd': {
-        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, "%02d", x.D);
+    cf = zFmt[i];
+    switch( cf ){
+      case 'd':  /* Fall thru */
+      case 'e': {
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, cf=='d' ? "%02d" : "%2d", x.D);
         break;
       }
       case 'f': {
@@ -1226,8 +1288,21 @@ static void strftimeFunc(
         sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, "%06.3f", s);
         break;
       }
-      case 'H': {
-        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, "%02d", x.h);
+      case 'F': {
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, "%04d-%02d-%02d", x.Y, x.M, x.D);
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'H':
+      case 'k': {
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, cf=='H' ? "%02d" : "%2d", x.h);
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'I': /* Fall thru */
+      case 'l': {
+        int h = x.h;
+        if( h>12 ) h -= 12;
+        if( h==0 ) h = 12;
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, cf=='I' ? "%02d" : "%2d", h);
         break;
       }
       case 'W': /* Fall thru */
@@ -1239,7 +1314,7 @@ static void strftimeFunc(
         y.D = 1;
         computeJD(&y);
         nDay = (int)((x.iJD-y.iJD+43200000)/86400000);
-        if( zFmt[i]=='W' ){
+        if( cf=='W' ){
           int wd;   /* 0=Monday, 1=Tuesday, ... 6=Sunday */
           wd = (int)(((x.iJD+43200000)/86400000)%7);
           sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes,"%02d",(nDay+7-wd)/7);
@@ -1260,6 +1335,19 @@ static void strftimeFunc(
         sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes,"%02d",x.m);
         break;
       }
+      case 'p': /* Fall thru */
+      case 'P': {
+        if( x.h>=12 ){
+          sqlite3_str_append(&sRes, cf=='p' ? "PM" : "pm", 2);
+        }else{
+          sqlite3_str_append(&sRes, cf=='p' ? "AM" : "am", 2);
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'R': {
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, "%02d:%02d", x.h, x.m);
+        break;
+      }
       case 's': {
         if( x.useSubsec ){
           sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes,"%.3f",
@@ -1274,9 +1362,15 @@ static void strftimeFunc(
         sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes,"%02d",(int)x.s);
         break;
       }
+      case 'T': {
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes,"%02d:%02d:%02d", x.h, x.m, (int)x.s);
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'u': /* Fall thru */
       case 'w': {
-        sqlite3_str_appendchar(&sRes, 1,
-                       (char)(((x.iJD+129600000)/86400000) % 7) + '0');
+        char c = (char)(((x.iJD+129600000)/86400000) % 7) + '0';
+        if( c=='0' && cf=='u' ) c = '7';
+        sqlite3_str_appendchar(&sRes, 1, c);
         break;
       }
       case 'Y': {
@@ -1325,6 +1419,117 @@ static void cdateFunc(
   dateFunc(context, 0, 0);
 }
 
+/*
+** timediff(DATE1, DATE2)
+**
+** Return the amount of time that must be added to DATE2 in order to
+** convert it into DATE2.  The time difference format is:
+**
+**     +YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SSS
+**
+** The initial "+" becomes "-" if DATE1 occurs before DATE2.  For
+** date/time values A and B, the following invariant should hold:
+**
+**     datetime(A) == (datetime(B, timediff(A,B))
+**
+** Both DATE arguments must be either a julian day number, or an
+** ISO-8601 string.  The unix timestamps are not supported by this
+** routine.
+*/
+static void timediffFunc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int NotUsed1,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  char sign;
+  int Y, M;
+  DateTime d1, d2;
+  sqlite3_str sRes;
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed1);
+  if( isDate(context, 1, &argv[0], &d1) ) return;
+  if( isDate(context, 1, &argv[1], &d2) ) return;
+  computeYMD_HMS(&d1);
+  computeYMD_HMS(&d2);
+  if( d1.iJD>=d2.iJD ){
+    sign = '+';
+    Y = d1.Y - d2.Y;
+    if( Y ){
+      d2.Y = d1.Y;
+      d2.validJD = 0;
+      computeJD(&d2);
+    }
+    M = d1.M - d2.M;
+    if( M<0 ){
+      Y--;
+      M += 12;
+    }
+    if( M!=0 ){
+      d2.M = d1.M;
+      d2.validJD = 0;
+      computeJD(&d2);
+    }
+    while( d1.iJD<d2.iJD ){
+      M--;
+      if( M<0 ){
+        M = 11;
+        Y--;
+      }
+      d2.M--;
+      if( d2.M<1 ){
+        d2.M = 12;
+        d2.Y--;
+      }
+      d2.validJD = 0;
+      computeJD(&d2);
+    }
+    d1.iJD -= d2.iJD;
+    d1.iJD += (u64)1486995408 * (u64)100000;
+  }else /* d1<d2 */{
+    sign = '-';
+    Y = d2.Y - d1.Y;
+    if( Y ){
+      d2.Y = d1.Y;
+      d2.validJD = 0;
+      computeJD(&d2);
+    }
+    M = d2.M - d1.M;
+    if( M<0 ){
+      Y--;
+      M += 12;
+    }
+    if( M!=0 ){
+      d2.M = d1.M;
+      d2.validJD = 0;
+      computeJD(&d2);
+    }
+    while( d1.iJD>d2.iJD ){
+      M--;
+      if( M<0 ){
+        M = 11;
+        Y--;
+      }
+      d2.M++;
+      if( d2.M>12 ){
+        d2.M = 1;
+        d2.Y++;
+      }
+      d2.validJD = 0;
+      computeJD(&d2);
+    }
+    d1.iJD = d2.iJD - d1.iJD;
+    d1.iJD += (u64)1486995408 * (u64)100000;
+  }
+  d1.validYMD = 0;
+  d1.validHMS = 0;
+  d1.validTZ = 0;
+  computeYMD_HMS(&d1);
+  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&sRes, 0, 0, 0, 100);
+  sqlite3_str_appendf(&sRes, "%c%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%06.3f",
+       sign, Y, M, d1.D-1, d1.h, d1.m, d1.s);
+  sqlite3ResultStrAccum(context, &sRes);
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** current_timestamp()
 **
@@ -1399,6 +1604,7 @@ void sqlite3RegisterDateTimeFunctions(void){
     PURE_DATE(time,             -1, 0, 0, timeFunc      ),
     PURE_DATE(datetime,         -1, 0, 0, datetimeFunc  ),
     PURE_DATE(strftime,         -1, 0, 0, strftimeFunc  ),
+    PURE_DATE(timediff,          2, 0, 0, timediffFunc  ),
     DFUNCTION(current_time,      0, 0, 0, ctimeFunc     ),
     DFUNCTION(current_timestamp, 0, 0, 0, ctimestampFunc),
     DFUNCTION(current_date,      0, 0, 0, cdateFunc     ),
diff --git a/sqlite/src/dbpage.c b/sqlite/src/dbpage.c
index 32a9ce55..73c31f0d 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/dbpage.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/dbpage.c
@@ -425,7 +425,8 @@ int sqlite3DbpageRegister(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                            /* xSavepoint */
     0,                            /* xRelease */
     0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
-    0                             /* xShadowName */
+    0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0                             /* xIntegrity */
   };
   return sqlite3_create_module(db, "sqlite_dbpage", &dbpage_module, 0);
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/src/dbstat.c b/sqlite/src/dbstat.c
index 0a89d052..c70d8063 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/dbstat.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/dbstat.c
@@ -895,7 +895,8 @@ int sqlite3DbstatRegister(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                            /* xSavepoint */
     0,                            /* xRelease */
     0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
-    0                             /* xShadowName */
+    0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0                             /* xIntegrity */
   };
   return sqlite3_create_module(db, "dbstat", &dbstat_module, 0);
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/src/delete.c b/sqlite/src/delete.c
index 27a55491..2baff5b3 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/delete.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/delete.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 ** (as in the FROM clause of a SELECT statement) in this case it contains
 ** the name of a single table, as one might find in an INSERT, DELETE,
 ** or UPDATE statement.  Look up that table in the symbol table and
-** return a pointer.  Set an error message and return NULL if the table 
+** return a pointer.  Set an error message and return NULL if the table
 ** name is not found or if any other error occurs.
 **
 ** The following fields are initialized appropriate in pSrc:
@@ -33,8 +33,9 @@ Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc){
   Table *pTab;
   assert( pItem && pSrc->nSrc>=1 );
   pTab = sqlite3LocateTableItem(pParse, 0, pItem);
-  sqlite3DeleteTable(pParse->db, pItem->pTab);
+  if( pItem->pTab ) sqlite3DeleteTable(pParse->db, pItem->pTab);
   pItem->pTab = pTab;
+  pItem->fg.notCte = 1;
   if( pTab ){
     pTab->nTabRef++;
     if( pItem->fg.isIndexedBy && sqlite3IndexedByLookup(pParse, pItem) ){
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc){
   return pTab;
 }
 
-/* Generate byte-code that will report the number of rows modified 
+/* Generate byte-code that will report the number of rows modified
 ** by a DELETE, INSERT, or UPDATE statement.
 */
 void sqlite3CodeChangeCount(Vdbe *v, int regCounter, const char *zColName){
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeChangeCount(Vdbe *v, int regCounter, const char *zColName){
 **      the table is not SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS.
 **
 **   3) It is a system table (i.e. sqlite_schema), this call is not
-**      part of a nested parse and writable_schema pragma has not 
+**      part of a nested parse and writable_schema pragma has not
 **      been specified
 **
 **   4) The table is a shadow table, the database connection is in
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ static int vtabIsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
   **      virtual tables if PRAGMA trusted_schema=ON.
   */
   if( pParse->pToplevel!=0
-   && pTab->u.vtab.p->eVtabRisk > 
+   && pTab->u.vtab.p->eVtabRisk >
            ((pParse->db->flags & SQLITE_TrustedSchema)!=0)
   ){
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unsafe use of virtual table \"%s\"",
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ static int tabIsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
 }
 
 /*
-** Check to make sure the given table is writable. 
+** Check to make sure the given table is writable.
 **
 ** If pTab is not writable  ->  generate an error message and return 1.
 ** If pTab is writable but other errors have occurred -> return 1.
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, Trigger *pTrigger){
     return 1;
   }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
-  if( IsView(pTab) 
+  if( IsView(pTab)
    && (pTrigger==0 || (pTrigger->bReturning && pTrigger->pNext==0))
   ){
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,"cannot modify %s because it is a view",pTab->zName);
@@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ void sqlite3MaterializeView(
     assert( pFrom->a[0].fg.isUsing==0 );
     assert( pFrom->a[0].u3.pOn==0 );
   }
-  pSel = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, pOrderBy, 
+  pSel = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0, pFrom, pWhere, 0, 0, pOrderBy,
                           SF_IncludeHidden, pLimit);
   sqlite3SelectDestInit(&dest, SRT_EphemTab, iCur);
   sqlite3Select(pParse, pSel, &dest);
@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
   Expr *pLhs = NULL;           /* LHS of IN(SELECT...) operator */
   Expr *pInClause = NULL;      /* WHERE rowid IN ( select ) */
-  ExprList *pEList = NULL;     /* Expression list contaning only pSelectRowid */
+  ExprList *pEList = NULL;     /* Expression list containing only pSelectRowid*/
   SrcList *pSelectSrc = NULL;  /* SELECT rowid FROM x ... (dup of pSrc) */
   Select *pSelect = NULL;      /* Complete SELECT tree */
   Table *pTab;
@@ -208,11 +209,11 @@ Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
     return pWhere;
   }
 
-  /* Generate a select expression tree to enforce the limit/offset 
+  /* Generate a select expression tree to enforce the limit/offset
   ** term for the DELETE or UPDATE statement.  For example:
   **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
   ** becomes:
-  **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE rowid IN ( 
+  **   DELETE FROM table_a WHERE rowid IN (
   **     SELECT rowid FROM table_a WHERE col1=1 ORDER BY col2 LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1
   **   );
   */
@@ -225,14 +226,20 @@ Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
     );
   }else{
     Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
+    assert( pPk!=0 );
+    assert( pPk->nKeyCol>=1 );
     if( pPk->nKeyCol==1 ){
-      const char *zName = pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[0]].zCnName;
+      const char *zName;
+      assert( pPk->aiColumn[0]>=0 && pPk->aiColumn[0]<pTab->nCol );
+      zName = pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[0]].zCnName;
       pLhs = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zName);
       pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zName));
     }else{
       int i;
       for(i=0; i<pPk->nKeyCol; i++){
-        Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zCnName);
+        Expr *p;
+        assert( pPk->aiColumn[i]>=0 && pPk->aiColumn[i]<pTab->nCol );
+        p = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zCnName);
         pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList, p);
       }
       pLhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_VECTOR, 0, 0);
@@ -257,11 +264,11 @@ Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
   }
 
   /* generate the SELECT expression tree. */
-  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pEList, pSelectSrc, pWhere, 0 ,0, 
+  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pEList, pSelectSrc, pWhere, 0 ,0,
       pOrderBy,0,pLimit
   );
 
-  /* now generate the new WHERE rowid IN clause for the DELETE/UDPATE */
+  /* now generate the new WHERE rowid IN clause for the DELETE/UPDATE */
   pInClause = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, pLhs, 0);
   sqlite3PExprAddSelect(pParse, pInClause, pSelect);
   return pInClause;
@@ -313,7 +320,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
   int addrEphOpen = 0;   /* Instruction to open the Ephemeral table */
   int bComplex;          /* True if there are triggers or FKs or
                          ** subqueries in the WHERE clause */
- 
+
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
   int isView;                  /* True if attempting to delete from a view */
   Trigger *pTrigger;           /* List of table triggers, if required */
@@ -381,7 +388,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
   }
   iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);
   assert( iDb<db->nDb );
-  rcauth = sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, pTab->zName, 0, 
+  rcauth = sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_DELETE, pTab->zName, 0,
                             db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName);
   assert( rcauth==SQLITE_OK || rcauth==SQLITE_DENY || rcauth==SQLITE_IGNORE );
   if( rcauth==SQLITE_DENY ){
@@ -417,7 +424,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
   */
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
   if( isView ){
-    sqlite3MaterializeView(pParse, pTab, 
+    sqlite3MaterializeView(pParse, pTab,
         pWhere, pOrderBy, pLimit, iTabCur
     );
     iDataCur = iIdxCur = iTabCur;
@@ -450,7 +457,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRUNCATE_OPTIMIZATION
   /* Special case: A DELETE without a WHERE clause deletes everything.
   ** It is easier just to erase the whole table. Prior to version 3.6.5,
-  ** this optimization caused the row change count (the value returned by 
+  ** this optimization caused the row change count (the value returned by
   ** API function sqlite3_count_changes) to be set incorrectly.
   **
   ** The "rcauth==SQLITE_OK" terms is the
@@ -490,7 +497,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
     if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
       /* For a rowid table, initialize the RowSet to an empty set */
       pPk = 0;
-      nPk = 1;
+      assert( nPk==1 );
       iRowSet = ++pParse->nMem;
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, iRowSet);
     }else{
@@ -505,7 +512,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
       addrEphOpen = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, iEphCur, nPk);
       sqlite3VdbeSetP4KeyInfo(pParse, pPk);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Construct a query to find the rowid or primary key for every row
     ** to be deleted, based on the WHERE clause. Set variable eOnePass
     ** to indicate the strategy used to implement this delete:
@@ -518,17 +525,18 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
     if( pWInfo==0 ) goto delete_from_cleanup;
     eOnePass = sqlite3WhereOkOnePass(pWInfo, aiCurOnePass);
     assert( IsVirtual(pTab)==0 || eOnePass!=ONEPASS_MULTI );
-    assert( IsVirtual(pTab) || bComplex || eOnePass!=ONEPASS_OFF );
+    assert( IsVirtual(pTab) || bComplex || eOnePass!=ONEPASS_OFF
+            || OptimizationDisabled(db, SQLITE_OnePass) );
     if( eOnePass!=ONEPASS_SINGLE ) sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
     if( sqlite3WhereUsesDeferredSeek(pWInfo) ){
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_FinishSeek, iTabCur);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Keep track of the number of rows to be deleted */
     if( memCnt ){
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, memCnt, 1);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Extract the rowid or primary key for the current row */
     if( pPk ){
       for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
@@ -541,7 +549,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
       iKey = ++pParse->nMem;
       sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(v, pTab, iTabCur, -1, iKey);
     }
-  
+ 
     if( eOnePass!=ONEPASS_OFF ){
       /* For ONEPASS, no need to store the rowid/primary-key. There is only
       ** one, so just keep it in its register(s) and fall through to the
@@ -573,10 +581,10 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
       }
       sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
     }
-  
-    /* Unless this is a view, open cursors for the table we are 
+ 
+    /* Unless this is a view, open cursors for the table we are
     ** deleting from and all its indices. If this is a view, then the
-    ** only effect this statement has is to fire the INSTEAD OF 
+    ** only effect this statement has is to fire the INSTEAD OF
     ** triggers.
     */
     if( !isView ){
@@ -593,7 +601,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
         sqlite3VdbeJumpHereOrPopInst(v, iAddrOnce);
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Set up a loop over the rowids/primary-keys that were found in the
     ** where-clause loop above.
     */
@@ -616,8 +624,8 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
       addrLoop = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_RowSetRead, iRowSet, 0, iKey);
       VdbeCoverage(v);
       assert( nKey==1 );
-    }  
-  
+    } 
+ 
     /* Delete the row */
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
     if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
@@ -640,7 +648,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
       sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(pParse, pTab, pTrigger, iDataCur, iIdxCur,
           iKey, nKey, count, OE_Default, eOnePass, aiCurOnePass[1]);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* End of the loop over all rowids/primary-keys. */
     if( eOnePass!=ONEPASS_OFF ){
       sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrBypass);
@@ -651,7 +659,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
     }else{
       sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, addrLoop);
       sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrLoop);
-    }     
+    }    
   } /* End non-truncate path */
 
   /* Update the sqlite_sequence table by storing the content of the
@@ -662,7 +670,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
     sqlite3AutoincrementEnd(pParse);
   }
 
-  /* Return the number of rows that were deleted. If this routine is 
+  /* Return the number of rows that were deleted. If this routine is
   ** generating code because of a call to sqlite3NestedParse(), do not
   ** invoke the callback function.
   */
@@ -674,7 +682,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
   sqlite3AuthContextPop(&sContext);
   sqlite3SrcListDelete(db, pTabList);
   sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhere);
-#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) 
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT)
   sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pOrderBy);
   sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pLimit);
 #endif
@@ -719,7 +727,7 @@ void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
 **   and nPk before reading from it.
 **
 **   If eMode is ONEPASS_MULTI, then this call is being made as part
-**   of a ONEPASS delete that affects multiple rows. In this case, if 
+**   of a ONEPASS delete that affects multiple rows. In this case, if
 **   iIdxNoSeek is a valid cursor number (>=0) and is not the same as
 **   iDataCur, then its position should be preserved following the delete
 **   operation. Or, if iIdxNoSeek is not a valid cursor number, the
@@ -755,7 +763,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
   VdbeModuleComment((v, "BEGIN: GenRowDel(%d,%d,%d,%d)",
                          iDataCur, iIdxCur, iPk, (int)nPk));
 
-  /* Seek cursor iCur to the row to delete. If this row no longer exists 
+  /* Seek cursor iCur to the row to delete. If this row no longer exists
   ** (this can happen if a trigger program has already deleted it), do
   ** not attempt to delete it or fire any DELETE triggers.  */
   iLabel = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
@@ -765,7 +773,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
     VdbeCoverageIf(v, opSeek==OP_NotExists);
     VdbeCoverageIf(v, opSeek==OP_NotFound);
   }
- 
+
   /* If there are any triggers to fire, allocate a range of registers to
   ** use for the old.* references in the triggers.  */
   if( sqlite3FkRequired(pParse, pTab, 0, 0) || pTrigger ){
@@ -782,7 +790,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
     iOld = pParse->nMem+1;
     pParse->nMem += (1 + pTab->nCol);
 
-    /* Populate the OLD.* pseudo-table register array. These values will be 
+    /* Populate the OLD.* pseudo-table register array. These values will be
     ** used by any BEFORE and AFTER triggers that exist.  */
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, iPk, iOld);
     for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
@@ -796,11 +804,11 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
 
     /* Invoke BEFORE DELETE trigger programs. */
     addrStart = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
-    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, 
+    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger,
         TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
     );
 
-    /* If any BEFORE triggers were coded, then seek the cursor to the 
+    /* If any BEFORE triggers were coded, then seek the cursor to the
     ** row to be deleted again. It may be that the BEFORE triggers moved
     ** the cursor or already deleted the row that the cursor was
     ** pointing to.
@@ -817,21 +825,21 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
     }
 
     /* Do FK processing. This call checks that any FK constraints that
-    ** refer to this table (i.e. constraints attached to other tables) 
+    ** refer to this table (i.e. constraints attached to other tables)
     ** are not violated by deleting this row.  */
     sqlite3FkCheck(pParse, pTab, iOld, 0, 0, 0);
   }
 
   /* Delete the index and table entries. Skip this step if pTab is really
   ** a view (in which case the only effect of the DELETE statement is to
-  ** fire the INSTEAD OF triggers).  
+  ** fire the INSTEAD OF triggers). 
   **
   ** If variable 'count' is non-zero, then this OP_Delete instruction should
   ** invoke the update-hook. The pre-update-hook, on the other hand should
   ** be invoked unless table pTab is a system table. The difference is that
-  ** the update-hook is not invoked for rows removed by REPLACE, but the 
+  ** the update-hook is not invoked for rows removed by REPLACE, but the
   ** pre-update-hook is.
-  */ 
+  */
   if( !IsView(pTab) ){
     u8 p5 = 0;
     sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur,0,iIdxNoSeek);
@@ -851,16 +859,18 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
 
   /* Do any ON CASCADE, SET NULL or SET DEFAULT operations required to
   ** handle rows (possibly in other tables) that refer via a foreign key
-  ** to the row just deleted. */ 
+  ** to the row just deleted. */
   sqlite3FkActions(pParse, pTab, 0, iOld, 0, 0);
 
   /* Invoke AFTER DELETE trigger programs. */
-  sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, 
-      TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
-  );
+  if( pTrigger ){
+    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger,
+        TK_DELETE, 0, TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, iOld, onconf, iLabel
+    );
+  }
 
   /* Jump here if the row had already been deleted before any BEFORE
-  ** trigger programs were invoked. Or if a trigger program throws a 
+  ** trigger programs were invoked. Or if a trigger program throws a
   ** RAISE(IGNORE) exception.  */
   sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, iLabel);
   VdbeModuleComment((v, "END: GenRowDel()"));
@@ -945,7 +955,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(
 ** its key into the same sequence of registers and if pPrior and pIdx share
 ** a column in common, then the register corresponding to that column already
 ** holds the correct value and the loading of that register is skipped.
-** This optimization is helpful when doing a DELETE or an INTEGRITY_CHECK 
+** This optimization is helpful when doing a DELETE or an INTEGRITY_CHECK
 ** on a table with multiple indices, and especially with the ROWID or
 ** PRIMARY KEY columns of the index.
 */
@@ -968,7 +978,7 @@ int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(
     if( pIdx->pPartIdxWhere ){
       *piPartIdxLabel = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
       pParse->iSelfTab = iDataCur + 1;
-      sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(pParse, pIdx->pPartIdxWhere, *piPartIdxLabel, 
+      sqlite3ExprIfFalseDup(pParse, pIdx->pPartIdxWhere, *piPartIdxLabel,
                             SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
       pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
       pPrior = 0; /* Ticket a9efb42811fa41ee 2019-11-02;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/expr.c b/sqlite/src/expr.c
index a81b4595..0a975ae2 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/expr.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/expr.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ char sqlite3TableColumnAffinity(const Table *pTab, int iCol){
 ** Return the 'affinity' of the expression pExpr if any.
 **
 ** If pExpr is a column, a reference to a column via an 'AS' alias,
-** or a sub-select with a column as the return value, then the 
+** or a sub-select with a column as the return value, then the
 ** affinity of that column is returned. Otherwise, 0x00 is returned,
 ** indicating no affinity for the expression.
 **
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ char sqlite3ExprAffinity(const Expr *pExpr){
     if( op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
       assert( pExpr->pLeft!=0 && ExprUseXSelect(pExpr->pLeft) );
       assert( pExpr->iColumn < pExpr->iTable );
+      assert( pExpr->iColumn >= 0 );
       assert( pExpr->iTable==pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect->pEList->nExpr );
       return sqlite3ExprAffinity(
           pExpr->pLeft->x.pSelect->pEList->a[pExpr->iColumn].pExpr
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(Expr *pExpr){
   while( pExpr && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip) ){
     assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE );
     pExpr = pExpr->pLeft;
-  }   
+  }  
   return pExpr;
 }
 
@@ -221,7 +222,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(Expr *pExpr){
       assert( pExpr->op==TK_COLLATE );
       pExpr = pExpr->pLeft;
     }
-  }   
+  }  
   return pExpr;
 }
 
@@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr){
   while( p ){
     int op = p->op;
     if( op==TK_REGISTER ) op = p->op2;
-    if( (op==TK_AGG_COLUMN && p->y.pTab!=0) 
+    if( (op==TK_AGG_COLUMN && p->y.pTab!=0)
      || op==TK_COLUMN || op==TK_TRIGGER
     ){
       int j;
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr){
       break;
     }
   }
-  if( sqlite3CheckCollSeq(pParse, pColl) ){ 
+  if( sqlite3CheckCollSeq(pParse, pColl) ){
     pColl = 0;
   }
   return pColl;
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr){
 /*
 ** Return the collation sequence for the expression pExpr. If
 ** there is no defined collating sequence, return a pointer to the
-** defautl collation sequence.
+** default collation sequence.
 **
 ** See also: sqlite3ExprCollSeq()
 **
@@ -414,8 +415,8 @@ static u8 binaryCompareP5(
 ** it is not considered.
 */
 CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(
-  Parse *pParse, 
-  const Expr *pLeft, 
+  Parse *pParse,
+  const Expr *pLeft,
   const Expr *pRight
 ){
   CollSeq *pColl;
@@ -433,7 +434,7 @@ CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(
   return pColl;
 }
 
-/* Expresssion p is a comparison operator.  Return a collation sequence
+/* Expression p is a comparison operator.  Return a collation sequence
 ** appropriate for the comparison operator.
 **
 ** This is normally just a wrapper around sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq().
@@ -493,7 +494,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprIsVector(const Expr *pExpr){
 }
 
 /*
-** If the expression passed as the only argument is of type TK_VECTOR 
+** If the expression passed as the only argument is of type TK_VECTOR
 ** return the number of expressions in the vector. Or, if the expression
 ** is a sub-select, return the number of columns in the sub-select. For
 ** any other type of expression, return 1.
@@ -547,7 +548,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3VectorFieldSubexpr(Expr *pVector, int i){
 ** sqlite3ExprCode() will generate all necessary code to compute
 ** the iField-th column of the vector expression pVector.
 **
-** It is ok for pVector to be a scalar (as long as iField==0).  
+** It is ok for pVector to be a scalar (as long as iField==0). 
 ** In that case, this routine works like sqlite3ExprDup().
 **
 ** The caller owns the returned Expr object and is responsible for
@@ -590,6 +591,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprForVectorField(
     */
     pRet = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_SELECT_COLUMN, 0, 0);
     if( pRet ){
+      ExprSetProperty(pRet, EP_FullSize);
       pRet->iTable = nField;
       pRet->iColumn = iField;
       pRet->pLeft = pVector;
@@ -613,7 +615,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprForVectorField(
 
 /*
 ** If expression pExpr is of type TK_SELECT, generate code to evaluate
-** it. Return the register in which the result is stored (or, if the 
+** it. Return the register in which the result is stored (or, if the
 ** sub-select returns more than one column, the first in an array
 ** of registers in which the result is stored).
 **
@@ -635,10 +637,10 @@ static int exprCodeSubselect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 ** the register number of a register that contains the value of
 ** element iField of the vector.
 **
-** If pVector is a TK_SELECT expression, then code for it must have 
+** If pVector is a TK_SELECT expression, then code for it must have
 ** already been generated using the exprCodeSubselect() routine. In this
 ** case parameter regSelect should be the first in an array of registers
-** containing the results of the sub-select. 
+** containing the results of the sub-select.
 **
 ** If pVector is of type TK_VECTOR, then code for the requested field
 ** is generated. In this case (*pRegFree) may be set to the number of
@@ -710,10 +712,10 @@ static void codeVectorCompare(
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "row value misused");
     return;
   }
-  assert( pExpr->op==TK_EQ || pExpr->op==TK_NE 
-       || pExpr->op==TK_IS || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT 
-       || pExpr->op==TK_LT || pExpr->op==TK_GT 
-       || pExpr->op==TK_LE || pExpr->op==TK_GE 
+  assert( pExpr->op==TK_EQ || pExpr->op==TK_NE
+       || pExpr->op==TK_IS || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT
+       || pExpr->op==TK_LT || pExpr->op==TK_GT
+       || pExpr->op==TK_LE || pExpr->op==TK_GE
   );
   assert( pExpr->op==op || (pExpr->op==TK_IS && op==TK_EQ)
             || (pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT && op==TK_NE) );
@@ -730,7 +732,7 @@ static void codeVectorCompare(
   sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 1, dest);
   for(i=0; 1 /*Loop exits by "break"*/; i++){
     int regFree1 = 0, regFree2 = 0;
-    Expr *pL = 0, *pR = 0; 
+    Expr *pL = 0, *pR = 0;
     int r1, r2;
     assert( i>=0 && i<nLeft );
     if( addrCmp ) sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrCmp);
@@ -784,7 +786,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(Parse *pParse, int nHeight){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   int mxHeight = pParse->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH];
   if( nHeight>mxHeight ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
        "Expression tree is too large (maximum depth %d)", mxHeight
     );
     rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
@@ -829,10 +831,10 @@ static void heightOfSelect(const Select *pSelect, int *pnHeight){
 }
 
 /*
-** Set the Expr.nHeight variable in the structure passed as an 
-** argument. An expression with no children, Expr.pList or 
+** Set the Expr.nHeight variable in the structure passed as an
+** argument. An expression with no children, Expr.pList or
 ** Expr.pSelect member has a height of 1. Any other expression
-** has a height equal to the maximum height of any other 
+** has a height equal to the maximum height of any other
 ** referenced Expr plus one.
 **
 ** Also propagate EP_Propagate flags up from Expr.x.pList to Expr.flags,
@@ -858,7 +860,7 @@ static void exprSetHeight(Expr *p){
 ** leave an error in pParse.
 **
 ** Also propagate all EP_Propagate flags from the Expr.x.pList into
-** Expr.flags. 
+** Expr.flags.
 */
 void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p){
   if( pParse->nErr ) return;
@@ -878,7 +880,7 @@ int sqlite3SelectExprHeight(const Select *p){
 #else /* ABOVE:  Height enforcement enabled.  BELOW: Height enforcement off */
 /*
 ** Propagate all EP_Propagate flags from the Expr.x.pList into
-** Expr.flags. 
+** Expr.flags.
 */
 void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p){
   if( pParse->nErr ) return;
@@ -889,6 +891,15 @@ void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p){
 #define exprSetHeight(y)
 #endif /* SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0 */
 
+/*
+** Set the error offset for an Expr node, if possible.
+*/
+void sqlite3ExprSetErrorOffset(Expr *pExpr, int iOfst){
+  if( pExpr==0 ) return;
+  if( NEVER(ExprUseWJoin(pExpr)) ) return;
+  pExpr->w.iOfst = iOfst;
+}
+
 /*
 ** This routine is the core allocator for Expr nodes.
 **
@@ -948,7 +959,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprAlloc(
     }
 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
     pNew->nHeight = 1;
-#endif  
+#endif 
   }
   return pNew;
 }
@@ -1054,7 +1065,7 @@ void sqlite3PExprAddSelect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, Select *pSelect){
 /*
 ** Expression list pEList is a list of vector values. This function
 ** converts the contents of pEList to a VALUES(...) Select statement
-** returning 1 row for each element of the list. For example, the 
+** returning 1 row for each element of the list. For example, the
 ** expression list:
 **
 **   ( (1,2), (3,4) (5,6) )
@@ -1085,7 +1096,7 @@ Select *sqlite3ExprListToValues(Parse *pParse, int nElem, ExprList *pEList){
       nExprElem = 1;
     }
     if( nExprElem!=nElem ){
-      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "IN(...) element has %d term%s - expected %d", 
+      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "IN(...) element has %d term%s - expected %d",
           nExprElem, nExprElem>1?"s":"", nElem
       );
       break;
@@ -1125,7 +1136,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprAnd(Parse *pParse, Expr *pLeft, Expr *pRight){
     return pLeft;
   }else{
     u32 f = pLeft->flags | pRight->flags;
-    if( (f&(EP_OuterON|EP_InnerON|EP_IsFalse))==EP_IsFalse 
+    if( (f&(EP_OuterON|EP_InnerON|EP_IsFalse))==EP_IsFalse
      && !IN_RENAME_OBJECT
     ){
       sqlite3ExprDeferredDelete(pParse, pLeft);
@@ -1157,7 +1168,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(
   }
   assert( !ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_InnerON|EP_OuterON) );
   pNew->w.iOfst = (int)(pToken->z - pParse->zTail);
-  if( pList 
+  if( pList
    && pList->nExpr > pParse->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]
    && !pParse->nested
   ){
@@ -1171,6 +1182,69 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(
   return pNew;
 }
 
+/*
+** Report an error when attempting to use an ORDER BY clause within
+** the arguments of a non-aggregate function.
+*/
+void sqlite3ExprOrderByAggregateError(Parse *pParse, Expr *p){
+  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+     "ORDER BY may not be used with non-aggregate %#T()", p
+  );
+}
+
+/*
+** Attach an ORDER BY clause to a function call.
+**
+**     functionname( arguments ORDER BY sortlist )
+**     \_____________________/          \______/
+**             pExpr                    pOrderBy
+**
+** The ORDER BY clause is inserted into a new Expr node of type TK_ORDER
+** and added to the Expr.pLeft field of the parent TK_FUNCTION node.
+*/
+void sqlite3ExprAddFunctionOrderBy(
+  Parse *pParse,        /* Parsing context */
+  Expr *pExpr,          /* The function call to which ORDER BY is to be added */
+  ExprList *pOrderBy    /* The ORDER BY clause to add */
+){
+  Expr *pOB;
+  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
+  if( NEVER(pOrderBy==0) ){
+    assert( db->mallocFailed );
+    return;
+  }
+  if( pExpr==0 ){
+    assert( db->mallocFailed );
+    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pOrderBy);
+    return;
+  }
+  assert( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION );
+  assert( pExpr->pLeft==0 );
+  assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr) );
+  if( pExpr->x.pList==0 || NEVER(pExpr->x.pList->nExpr==0) ){
+    /* Ignore ORDER BY on zero-argument aggregates */
+    sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse,
+        (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3ExprListDelete,
+        pOrderBy);
+    return;
+  }
+  if( IsWindowFunc(pExpr) ){
+    sqlite3ExprOrderByAggregateError(pParse, pExpr);
+    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pOrderBy);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  pOB = sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_ORDER, 0, 0);
+  if( pOB==0 ){
+    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pOrderBy);
+    return;
+  }
+  pOB->x.pList = pOrderBy;
+  assert( ExprUseXList(pOB) );
+  pExpr->pLeft = pOB;
+  ExprSetProperty(pOB, EP_FullSize);
+}
+
 /*
 ** Check to see if a function is usable according to current access
 ** rules:
@@ -1196,7 +1270,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprFunctionUsable(
       /* Functions prohibited in triggers and views if:
       **     (1) tagged with SQLITE_DIRECTONLY
       **     (2) not tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS (which means it
-      **         is tagged with SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE) and 
+      **         is tagged with SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE) and
       **         SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA is off (meaning
       **         that the schema is possibly tainted).
       */
@@ -1207,7 +1281,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprFunctionUsable(
 
 /*
 ** Assign a variable number to an expression that encodes a wildcard
-** in the original SQL statement.  
+** in the original SQL statement. 
 **
 ** Wildcards consisting of a single "?" are assigned the next sequential
 ** variable number.
@@ -1349,7 +1423,7 @@ void sqlite3ClearOnOrUsing(sqlite3 *db, OnOrUsing *p){
 /*
 ** Arrange to cause pExpr to be deleted when the pParse is deleted.
 ** This is similar to sqlite3ExprDelete() except that the delete is
-** deferred untilthe pParse is deleted.
+** deferred until the pParse is deleted.
 **
 ** The pExpr might be deleted immediately on an OOM error.
 **
@@ -1375,7 +1449,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprUnmapAndDelete(Parse *pParse, Expr *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return the number of bytes allocated for the expression structure 
+** Return the number of bytes allocated for the expression structure
 ** passed as the first argument. This is always one of EXPR_FULLSIZE,
 ** EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE or EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE.
 */
@@ -1390,14 +1464,14 @@ static int exprStructSize(const Expr *p){
 ** to store a copy of an expression or expression tree.  They differ in
 ** how much of the tree is measured.
 **
-**     dupedExprStructSize()     Size of only the Expr structure 
+**     dupedExprStructSize()     Size of only the Expr structure
 **     dupedExprNodeSize()       Size of Expr + space for token
 **     dupedExprSize()           Expr + token + subtree components
 **
 ***************************************************************************
 **
-** The dupedExprStructSize() function returns two values OR-ed together:  
-** (1) the space required for a copy of the Expr structure only and 
+** The dupedExprStructSize() function returns two values OR-ed together: 
+** (1) the space required for a copy of the Expr structure only and
 ** (2) the EP_xxx flags that indicate what the structure size should be.
 ** The return values is always one of:
 **
@@ -1424,15 +1498,11 @@ static int dupedExprStructSize(const Expr *p, int flags){
   assert( flags==EXPRDUP_REDUCE || flags==0 ); /* Only one flag value allowed */
   assert( EXPR_FULLSIZE<=0xfff );
   assert( (0xfff & (EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly))==0 );
-  if( 0==flags || p->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN 
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
-   || ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc)
-#endif
-  ){
+  if( 0==flags || ExprHasProperty(p, EP_FullSize) ){
     nSize = EXPR_FULLSIZE;
   }else{
     assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Reduced) );
-    assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_OuterON) ); 
+    assert( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_OuterON) );
     assert( !ExprHasVVAProperty(p, EP_NoReduce) );
     if( p->pLeft || p->x.pList ){
       nSize = EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE | EP_Reduced;
@@ -1445,7 +1515,7 @@ static int dupedExprStructSize(const Expr *p, int flags){
 }
 
 /*
-** This function returns the space in bytes required to store the copy 
+** This function returns the space in bytes required to store the copy
 ** of the Expr structure and a copy of the Expr.u.zToken string (if that
 ** string is defined.)
 */
@@ -1458,57 +1528,94 @@ static int dupedExprNodeSize(const Expr *p, int flags){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return the number of bytes required to create a duplicate of the 
-** expression passed as the first argument. The second argument is a
-** mask containing EXPRDUP_XXX flags.
+** Return the number of bytes required to create a duplicate of the
+** expression passed as the first argument.
 **
 ** The value returned includes space to create a copy of the Expr struct
 ** itself and the buffer referred to by Expr.u.zToken, if any.
 **
-** If the EXPRDUP_REDUCE flag is set, then the return value includes 
-** space to duplicate all Expr nodes in the tree formed by Expr.pLeft 
-** and Expr.pRight variables (but not for any structures pointed to or 
-** descended from the Expr.x.pList or Expr.x.pSelect variables).
+** The return value includes space to duplicate all Expr nodes in the
+** tree formed by Expr.pLeft and Expr.pRight, but not any other
+** substructure such as Expr.x.pList, Expr.x.pSelect, and Expr.y.pWin.
 */
-static int dupedExprSize(const Expr *p, int flags){
-  int nByte = 0;
-  if( p ){
-    nByte = dupedExprNodeSize(p, flags);
-    if( flags&EXPRDUP_REDUCE ){
-      nByte += dupedExprSize(p->pLeft, flags) + dupedExprSize(p->pRight, flags);
-    }
-  }
+static int dupedExprSize(const Expr *p){
+  int nByte;
+  assert( p!=0 );
+  nByte = dupedExprNodeSize(p, EXPRDUP_REDUCE);
+  if( p->pLeft ) nByte += dupedExprSize(p->pLeft);
+  if( p->pRight ) nByte += dupedExprSize(p->pRight);
+  assert( nByte==ROUND8(nByte) );
   return nByte;
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is similar to sqlite3ExprDup(), except that if pzBuffer 
-** is not NULL then *pzBuffer is assumed to point to a buffer large enough 
-** to store the copy of expression p, the copies of p->u.zToken
-** (if applicable), and the copies of the p->pLeft and p->pRight expressions,
-** if any. Before returning, *pzBuffer is set to the first byte past the
-** portion of the buffer copied into by this function.
+** An EdupBuf is a memory allocation used to stored multiple Expr objects
+** together with their Expr.zToken content.  This is used to help implement
+** compression while doing sqlite3ExprDup().  The top-level Expr does the
+** allocation for itself and many of its decendents, then passes an instance
+** of the structure down into exprDup() so that they decendents can have
+** access to that memory.
+*/
+typedef struct EdupBuf EdupBuf;
+struct EdupBuf {
+  u8 *zAlloc;          /* Memory space available for storage */
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  u8 *zEnd;            /* First byte past the end of memory */
+#endif
+};
+
+/*
+** This function is similar to sqlite3ExprDup(), except that if pEdupBuf
+** is not NULL then it points to memory that can be used to store a copy
+** of the input Expr p together with its p->u.zToken (if any).  pEdupBuf
+** is updated with the new buffer tail prior to returning.
 */
-static Expr *exprDup(sqlite3 *db, const Expr *p, int dupFlags, u8 **pzBuffer){
+static Expr *exprDup(
+  sqlite3 *db,          /* Database connection (for memory allocation) */
+  const Expr *p,        /* Expr tree to be duplicated */
+  int dupFlags,         /* EXPRDUP_REDUCE for compression.  0 if not */
+  EdupBuf *pEdupBuf     /* Preallocated storage space, or NULL */
+){
   Expr *pNew;           /* Value to return */
-  u8 *zAlloc;           /* Memory space from which to build Expr object */
+  EdupBuf sEdupBuf;     /* Memory space from which to build Expr object */
   u32 staticFlag;       /* EP_Static if space not obtained from malloc */
+  int nToken = -1;       /* Space needed for p->u.zToken.  -1 means unknown */
 
   assert( db!=0 );
   assert( p );
   assert( dupFlags==0 || dupFlags==EXPRDUP_REDUCE );
-  assert( pzBuffer==0 || dupFlags==EXPRDUP_REDUCE );
+  assert( pEdupBuf==0 || dupFlags==EXPRDUP_REDUCE );
 
   /* Figure out where to write the new Expr structure. */
-  if( pzBuffer ){
-    zAlloc = *pzBuffer;
+  if( pEdupBuf ){
+    sEdupBuf.zAlloc = pEdupBuf->zAlloc;
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+    sEdupBuf.zEnd = pEdupBuf->zEnd;
+#endif
     staticFlag = EP_Static;
-    assert( zAlloc!=0 );
+    assert( sEdupBuf.zAlloc!=0 );
+    assert( dupFlags==EXPRDUP_REDUCE );
   }else{
-    zAlloc = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, dupedExprSize(p, dupFlags));
+    int nAlloc;
+    if( dupFlags ){
+      nAlloc = dupedExprSize(p);
+    }else if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_IntValue) && p->u.zToken ){
+      nToken = sqlite3Strlen30NN(p->u.zToken)+1;
+      nAlloc = ROUND8(EXPR_FULLSIZE + nToken);
+    }else{
+      nToken = 0;
+      nAlloc = ROUND8(EXPR_FULLSIZE);
+    }
+    assert( nAlloc==ROUND8(nAlloc) );
+    sEdupBuf.zAlloc = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, nAlloc);
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+    sEdupBuf.zEnd = sEdupBuf.zAlloc ? sEdupBuf.zAlloc+nAlloc : 0;
+#endif
+    
     staticFlag = 0;
   }
-  pNew = (Expr *)zAlloc;
+  pNew = (Expr *)sEdupBuf.zAlloc;
+  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(pNew) );
 
   if( pNew ){
     /* Set nNewSize to the size allocated for the structure pointed to
@@ -1517,22 +1624,27 @@ static Expr *exprDup(sqlite3 *db, const Expr *p, int dupFlags, u8 **pzBuffer){
     ** by the copy of the p->u.zToken string (if any).
     */
     const unsigned nStructSize = dupedExprStructSize(p, dupFlags);
-    const int nNewSize = nStructSize & 0xfff;
-    int nToken;
-    if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_IntValue) && p->u.zToken ){
-      nToken = sqlite3Strlen30(p->u.zToken) + 1;
-    }else{
-      nToken = 0;
+    int nNewSize = nStructSize & 0xfff;
+    if( nToken<0 ){
+      if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_IntValue) && p->u.zToken ){
+        nToken = sqlite3Strlen30(p->u.zToken) + 1;
+      }else{
+        nToken = 0;
+      }
     }
     if( dupFlags ){
+      assert( (int)(sEdupBuf.zEnd - sEdupBuf.zAlloc) >= nNewSize+nToken );
       assert( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_Reduced)==0 );
-      memcpy(zAlloc, p, nNewSize);
+      memcpy(sEdupBuf.zAlloc, p, nNewSize);
     }else{
       u32 nSize = (u32)exprStructSize(p);
-      memcpy(zAlloc, p, nSize);
-      if( nSize<EXPR_FULLSIZE ){ 
-        memset(&zAlloc[nSize], 0, EXPR_FULLSIZE-nSize);
+      assert( (int)(sEdupBuf.zEnd - sEdupBuf.zAlloc) >=
+                                                   (int)EXPR_FULLSIZE+nToken );
+      memcpy(sEdupBuf.zAlloc, p, nSize);
+      if( nSize<EXPR_FULLSIZE ){
+        memset(&sEdupBuf.zAlloc[nSize], 0, EXPR_FULLSIZE-nSize);
       }
+      nNewSize = EXPR_FULLSIZE;
     }
 
     /* Set the EP_Reduced, EP_TokenOnly, and EP_Static flags appropriately. */
@@ -1545,44 +1657,50 @@ static Expr *exprDup(sqlite3 *db, const Expr *p, int dupFlags, u8 **pzBuffer){
     }
 
     /* Copy the p->u.zToken string, if any. */
-    if( nToken ){
-      char *zToken = pNew->u.zToken = (char*)&zAlloc[nNewSize];
+    assert( nToken>=0 );
+    if( nToken>0 ){
+      char *zToken = pNew->u.zToken = (char*)&sEdupBuf.zAlloc[nNewSize];
       memcpy(zToken, p->u.zToken, nToken);
+      nNewSize += nToken;
     }
+    sEdupBuf.zAlloc += ROUND8(nNewSize);
+
+    if( ((p->flags|pNew->flags)&(EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf))==0 ){
 
-    if( 0==((p->flags|pNew->flags) & (EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf)) ){
       /* Fill in the pNew->x.pSelect or pNew->x.pList member. */
       if( ExprUseXSelect(p) ){
         pNew->x.pSelect = sqlite3SelectDup(db, p->x.pSelect, dupFlags);
       }else{
-        pNew->x.pList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->x.pList, dupFlags);
+        pNew->x.pList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, p->x.pList,
+                           p->op!=TK_ORDER ? dupFlags : 0);
       }
-    }
 
-    /* Fill in pNew->pLeft and pNew->pRight. */
-    if( ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly|EP_WinFunc) ){
-      zAlloc += dupedExprNodeSize(p, dupFlags);
-      if( !ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf) ){
-        pNew->pLeft = p->pLeft ?
-                      exprDup(db, p->pLeft, EXPRDUP_REDUCE, &zAlloc) : 0;
-        pNew->pRight = p->pRight ?
-                       exprDup(db, p->pRight, EXPRDUP_REDUCE, &zAlloc) : 0;
-      }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
       if( ExprHasProperty(p, EP_WinFunc) ){
         pNew->y.pWin = sqlite3WindowDup(db, pNew, p->y.pWin);
         assert( ExprHasProperty(pNew, EP_WinFunc) );
       }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
-      if( pzBuffer ){
-        *pzBuffer = zAlloc;
-      }
-    }else{
-      if( !ExprHasProperty(p, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf) ){
-        if( pNew->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
+
+      /* Fill in pNew->pLeft and pNew->pRight. */
+      if( dupFlags ){
+        if( p->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
           pNew->pLeft = p->pLeft;
-          assert( p->pRight==0  || p->pRight==p->pLeft
-                                || ExprHasProperty(p->pLeft, EP_Subquery) );
+          assert( p->pRight==0 
+               || p->pRight==p->pLeft
+               || ExprHasProperty(p->pLeft, EP_Subquery) );
+        }else{
+          pNew->pLeft = p->pLeft ?
+                      exprDup(db, p->pLeft, EXPRDUP_REDUCE, &sEdupBuf) : 0;
+        }
+        pNew->pRight = p->pRight ?
+                       exprDup(db, p->pRight, EXPRDUP_REDUCE, &sEdupBuf) : 0;
+      }else{
+        if( p->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN ){
+          pNew->pLeft = p->pLeft;
+          assert( p->pRight==0 
+               || p->pRight==p->pLeft
+               || ExprHasProperty(p->pLeft, EP_Subquery) );
         }else{
           pNew->pLeft = sqlite3ExprDup(db, p->pLeft, 0);
         }
@@ -1590,11 +1708,13 @@ static Expr *exprDup(sqlite3 *db, const Expr *p, int dupFlags, u8 **pzBuffer){
       }
     }
   }
+  if( pEdupBuf ) memcpy(pEdupBuf, &sEdupBuf, sizeof(sEdupBuf));
+  assert( sEdupBuf.zAlloc <= sEdupBuf.zEnd );
   return pNew;
 }
 
 /*
-** Create and return a deep copy of the object passed as the second 
+** Create and return a deep copy of the object passed as the second
 ** argument. If an OOM condition is encountered, NULL is returned
 ** and the db->mallocFailed flag set.
 */
@@ -1661,7 +1781,7 @@ static void gatherSelectWindows(Select *p){
 ** without effecting the originals.
 **
 ** The expression list, ID, and source lists return by sqlite3ExprListDup(),
-** sqlite3IdListDup(), and sqlite3SrcListDup() can not be further expanded 
+** sqlite3IdListDup(), and sqlite3SrcListDup() can not be further expanded
 ** by subsequent calls to sqlite*ListAppend() routines.
 **
 ** Any tables that the SrcList might point to are not duplicated.
@@ -1694,9 +1814,9 @@ ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3 *db, const ExprList *p, int flags){
     Expr *pOldExpr = pOldItem->pExpr;
     Expr *pNewExpr;
     pItem->pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pOldExpr, flags);
-    if( pOldExpr 
+    if( pOldExpr
      && pOldExpr->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN
-     && (pNewExpr = pItem->pExpr)!=0 
+     && (pNewExpr = pItem->pExpr)!=0
     ){
       if( pNewExpr->pRight ){
         pPriorSelectColOld = pOldExpr->pRight;
@@ -1721,7 +1841,7 @@ ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3 *db, const ExprList *p, int flags){
 
 /*
 ** If cursors, triggers, views and subqueries are all omitted from
-** the build, then none of the following routines, except for 
+** the build, then none of the following routines, except for
 ** sqlite3SelectDup(), can be called. sqlite3SelectDup() is sometimes
 ** called with a NULL argument.
 */
@@ -1757,7 +1877,7 @@ SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3 *db, const SrcList *p, int flags){
       pNewItem->u2.pCteUse->nUse++;
     }
     if( pNewItem->fg.isTabFunc ){
-      pNewItem->u1.pFuncArg = 
+      pNewItem->u1.pFuncArg =
           sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pOldItem->u1.pFuncArg, flags);
     }
     pTab = pNewItem->pTab = pOldItem->pTab;
@@ -1854,11 +1974,7 @@ Select *sqlite3SelectDup(sqlite3 *db, const Select *p, int flags){
 ** initially NULL, then create a new expression list.
 **
 ** The pList argument must be either NULL or a pointer to an ExprList
-** obtained from a prior call to sqlite3ExprListAppend().  This routine
-** may not be used with an ExprList obtained from sqlite3ExprListDup().
-** Reason:  This routine assumes that the number of slots in pList->a[]
-** is a power of two.  That is true for sqlite3ExprListAppend() returns
-** but is not necessarily true from the return value of sqlite3ExprListDup().
+** obtained from a prior call to sqlite3ExprListAppend().
 **
 ** If a memory allocation error occurs, the entire list is freed and
 ** NULL is returned.  If non-NULL is returned, then it is guaranteed
@@ -1892,7 +2008,7 @@ SQLITE_NOINLINE ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendGrow(
   struct ExprList_item *pItem;
   ExprList *pNew;
   pList->nAlloc *= 2;
-  pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pList, 
+  pNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pList,
        sizeof(*pList)+(pList->nAlloc-1)*sizeof(pList->a[0]));
   if( pNew==0 ){
     sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pList);
@@ -1950,8 +2066,8 @@ ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(
   if( NEVER(pColumns==0) ) goto vector_append_error;
   if( pExpr==0 ) goto vector_append_error;
 
-  /* If the RHS is a vector, then we can immediately check to see that 
-  ** the size of the RHS and LHS match.  But if the RHS is a SELECT, 
+  /* If the RHS is a vector, then we can immediately check to see that
+  ** the size of the RHS and LHS match.  But if the RHS is a SELECT,
   ** wildcards ("*") in the result set of the SELECT must be expanded before
   ** we can do the size check, so defer the size check until code generation.
   */
@@ -1977,7 +2093,7 @@ ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppendVector(
     Expr *pFirst = pList->a[iFirst].pExpr;
     assert( pFirst!=0 );
     assert( pFirst->op==TK_SELECT_COLUMN );
-     
+    
     /* Store the SELECT statement in pRight so it will be deleted when
     ** sqlite3ExprListDelete() is called */
     pFirst->pRight = pExpr;
@@ -2003,13 +2119,13 @@ void sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(ExprList *p, int iSortOrder, int eNulls){
   assert( p->nExpr>0 );
 
   assert( SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED<0 && SQLITE_SO_ASC==0 && SQLITE_SO_DESC>0 );
-  assert( iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED 
-       || iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_ASC 
-       || iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_DESC 
+  assert( iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED
+       || iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_ASC
+       || iSortOrder==SQLITE_SO_DESC
   );
-  assert( eNulls==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED 
-       || eNulls==SQLITE_SO_ASC 
-       || eNulls==SQLITE_SO_DESC 
+  assert( eNulls==SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED
+       || eNulls==SQLITE_SO_ASC
+       || eNulls==SQLITE_SO_DESC
   );
 
   pItem = &p->a[p->nExpr-1];
@@ -2191,7 +2307,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprIdToTrueFalse(Expr *pExpr){
 ** and 0 if it is FALSE.
 */
 int sqlite3ExprTruthValue(const Expr *pExpr){
-  pExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate((Expr*)pExpr);
+  pExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely((Expr*)pExpr);
   assert( pExpr->op==TK_TRUEFALSE );
   assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_IntValue) );
   assert( sqlite3StrICmp(pExpr->u.zToken,"true")==0
@@ -2248,7 +2364,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3ExprSimplifiedAndOr(Expr *pExpr){
 ** when parsing an existing schema out of the sqlite_schema table and 4
 ** when processing a new CREATE TABLE statement.  A bound parameter raises
 ** an error for new statements, but is silently converted
-** to NULL for existing schemas.  This allows sqlite_schema tables that 
+** to NULL for existing schemas.  This allows sqlite_schema tables that
 ** contain a bound parameter because they were generated by older versions
 ** of SQLite to be parsed by newer versions of SQLite without raising a
 ** malformed schema error.
@@ -2480,7 +2596,7 @@ static int exprNodeIsConstantOrGroupBy(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 
 /*
 ** Walk the expression tree passed as the first argument. Return non-zero
-** if the expression consists entirely of constants or copies of terms 
+** if the expression consists entirely of constants or copies of terms
 ** in pGroupBy that sort with the BINARY collation sequence.
 **
 ** This routine is used to determine if a term of the HAVING clause can
@@ -2510,7 +2626,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(Parse *pParse, Expr *p, ExprList *pGroupBy){
 
 /*
 ** Walk an expression tree for the DEFAULT field of a column definition
-** in a CREATE TABLE statement.  Return non-zero if the expression is 
+** in a CREATE TABLE statement.  Return non-zero if the expression is
 ** acceptable for use as a DEFAULT.  That is to say, return non-zero if
 ** the expression is constant or a function call with constant arguments.
 ** Return and 0 if there are any variables.
@@ -2594,7 +2710,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(const Expr *p, int *pValue){
 ** Return FALSE if there is no chance that the expression can be NULL.
 **
 ** If the expression might be NULL or if the expression is too complex
-** to tell return TRUE.  
+** to tell return TRUE. 
 **
 ** This routine is used as an optimization, to skip OP_IsNull opcodes
 ** when we know that a value cannot be NULL.  Hence, a false positive
@@ -2685,7 +2801,28 @@ int sqlite3IsRowid(const char *z){
 }
 
 /*
-** pX is the RHS of an IN operator.  If pX is a SELECT statement 
+** Return a pointer to a buffer containing a usable rowid alias for table
+** pTab. An alias is usable if there is not an explicit user-defined column 
+** of the same name.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3RowidAlias(Table *pTab){
+  const char *azOpt[] = {"_ROWID_", "ROWID", "OID"};
+  int ii;
+  assert( VisibleRowid(pTab) );
+  for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(azOpt); ii++){
+    int iCol;
+    for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
+      if( sqlite3_stricmp(azOpt[ii], pTab->aCol[iCol].zCnName)==0 ) break;
+    }
+    if( iCol==pTab->nCol ){
+      return azOpt[ii];
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** pX is the RHS of an IN operator.  If pX is a SELECT statement
 ** that can be simplified to a direct table access, then return
 ** a pointer to the SELECT statement.  If pX is not a SELECT statement,
 ** or if the SELECT statement needs to be materialized into a transient
@@ -2751,7 +2888,7 @@ static void sqlite3SetHasNullFlag(Vdbe *v, int iCur, int regHasNull){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
 /*
-** The argument is an IN operator with a list (not a subquery) on the 
+** The argument is an IN operator with a list (not a subquery) on the
 ** right-hand side.  Return TRUE if that list is constant.
 */
 static int sqlite3InRhsIsConstant(Expr *pIn){
@@ -2784,7 +2921,7 @@ static int sqlite3InRhsIsConstant(Expr *pIn){
 **   IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC  - The cursor was opened on an ascending index.
 **   IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC - The cursor was opened on a descending index.
 **   IN_INDEX_EPH        - The cursor was opened on a specially created and
-**                         populated epheremal table.
+**                         populated ephemeral table.
 **   IN_INDEX_NOOP       - No cursor was allocated.  The IN operator must be
 **                         implemented as a sequence of comparisons.
 **
@@ -2797,7 +2934,7 @@ static int sqlite3InRhsIsConstant(Expr *pIn){
 ** an ephemeral table might need to be generated from the RHS and then
 ** pX->iTable made to point to the ephemeral table instead of an
 ** existing table.  In this case, the creation and initialization of the
-** ephmeral table might be put inside of a subroutine, the EP_Subrtn flag
+** ephemeral table might be put inside of a subroutine, the EP_Subrtn flag
 ** will be set on pX and the pX->y.sub fields will be set to show where
 ** the subroutine is coded.
 **
@@ -2809,13 +2946,13 @@ static int sqlite3InRhsIsConstant(Expr *pIn){
 **
 ** When IN_INDEX_LOOP is used (and the b-tree will be used to iterate
 ** through the set members) then the b-tree must not contain duplicates.
-** An epheremal table will be created unless the selected columns are guaranteed
+** An ephemeral table will be created unless the selected columns are guaranteed
 ** to be unique - either because it is an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY or due to
 ** a UNIQUE constraint or index.
 **
-** When IN_INDEX_MEMBERSHIP is used (and the b-tree will be used 
-** for fast set membership tests) then an epheremal table must 
-** be used unless <columns> is a single INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column or an 
+** When IN_INDEX_MEMBERSHIP is used (and the b-tree will be used
+** for fast set membership tests) then an ephemeral table must
+** be used unless <columns> is a single INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column or an
 ** index can be found with the specified <columns> as its left-most.
 **
 ** If the IN_INDEX_NOOP_OK and IN_INDEX_MEMBERSHIP are both set and
@@ -2827,7 +2964,7 @@ static int sqlite3InRhsIsConstant(Expr *pIn){
 **
 ** When the b-tree is being used for membership tests, the calling function
 ** might need to know whether or not the RHS side of the IN operator
-** contains a NULL.  If prRhsHasNull is not a NULL pointer and 
+** contains a NULL.  If prRhsHasNull is not a NULL pointer and
 ** if there is any chance that the (...) might contain a NULL value at
 ** runtime, then a register is allocated and the register number written
 ** to *prRhsHasNull. If there is no chance that the (...) contains a
@@ -2868,9 +3005,9 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
   mustBeUnique = (inFlags & IN_INDEX_LOOP)!=0;
   iTab = pParse->nTab++;
 
-  /* If the RHS of this IN(...) operator is a SELECT, and if it matters 
+  /* If the RHS of this IN(...) operator is a SELECT, and if it matters
   ** whether or not the SELECT result contains NULL values, check whether
-  ** or not NULL is actually possible (it may not be, for example, due 
+  ** or not NULL is actually possible (it may not be, for example, due
   ** to NOT NULL constraints in the schema). If no NULL values are possible,
   ** set prRhsHasNull to 0 before continuing.  */
   if( prRhsHasNull && ExprUseXSelect(pX) ){
@@ -2885,7 +3022,7 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
   }
 
   /* Check to see if an existing table or index can be used to
-  ** satisfy the query.  This is preferable to generating a new 
+  ** satisfy the query.  This is preferable to generating a new
   ** ephemeral table.  */
   if( pParse->nErr==0 && (p = isCandidateForInOpt(pX))!=0 ){
     sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;              /* Database connection */
@@ -2921,7 +3058,7 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
       int affinity_ok = 1;
       int i;
 
-      /* Check that the affinity that will be used to perform each 
+      /* Check that the affinity that will be used to perform each
       ** comparison is the same as the affinity of each column in table
       ** on the RHS of the IN operator.  If it not, it is not possible to
       ** use any index of the RHS table.  */
@@ -2966,14 +3103,14 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
               continue;  /* This index is not unique over the IN RHS columns */
             }
           }
-  
+ 
           colUsed = 0;   /* Columns of index used so far */
           for(i=0; i<nExpr; i++){
             Expr *pLhs = sqlite3VectorFieldSubexpr(pX->pLeft, i);
             Expr *pRhs = pEList->a[i].pExpr;
             CollSeq *pReq = sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(pParse, pLhs, pRhs);
             int j;
-  
+ 
             for(j=0; j<nExpr; j++){
               if( pIdx->aiColumn[j]!=pRhs->iColumn ) continue;
               assert( pIdx->azColl[j] );
@@ -2988,7 +3125,7 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
             colUsed |= mCol;
             if( aiMap ) aiMap[i] = j;
           }
-  
+ 
           assert( i==nExpr || colUsed!=(MASKBIT(nExpr)-1) );
           if( colUsed==(MASKBIT(nExpr)-1) ){
             /* If we reach this point, that means the index pIdx is usable */
@@ -3000,11 +3137,11 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
             VdbeComment((v, "%s", pIdx->zName));
             assert( IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC == IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC+1 );
             eType = IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC + pIdx->aSortOrder[0];
-  
+ 
             if( prRhsHasNull ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_USED_MASK
               i64 mask = (1<<nExpr)-1;
-              sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(v, OP_ColumnsUsed, 
+              sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Dup8(v, OP_ColumnsUsed,
                   iTab, 0, 0, (u8*)&mask, P4_INT64);
 #endif
               *prRhsHasNull = ++pParse->nMem;
@@ -3068,8 +3205,8 @@ int sqlite3FindInIndex(
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
 /*
-** Argument pExpr is an (?, ?...) IN(...) expression. This 
-** function allocates and returns a nul-terminated string containing 
+** Argument pExpr is an (?, ?...) IN(...) expression. This
+** function allocates and returns a nul-terminated string containing
 ** the affinities to be used for each column of the comparison.
 **
 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure that the returned
@@ -3102,11 +3239,11 @@ static char *exprINAffinity(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
 /*
-** Load the Parse object passed as the first argument with an error 
+** Load the Parse object passed as the first argument with an error
 ** message of the form:
 **
 **   "sub-select returns N columns - expected M"
-*/   
+*/  
 void sqlite3SubselectError(Parse *pParse, int nActual, int nExpect){
   if( pParse->nErr==0 ){
     const char *zFmt = "sub-select returns %d columns - expected %d";
@@ -3117,7 +3254,7 @@ void sqlite3SubselectError(Parse *pParse, int nActual, int nExpect){
 
 /*
 ** Expression pExpr is a vector that has been used in a context where
-** it is not permitted. If pExpr is a sub-select vector, this routine 
+** it is not permitted. If pExpr is a sub-select vector, this routine
 ** loads the Parse object with a message of the form:
 **
 **   "sub-select returns N columns - expected 1"
@@ -3125,7 +3262,7 @@ void sqlite3SubselectError(Parse *pParse, int nActual, int nExpect){
 ** Or, if it is a regular scalar vector:
 **
 **   "row value misused"
-*/   
+*/  
 void sqlite3VectorErrorMsg(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
   if( ExprUseXSelect(pExpr) ){
@@ -3147,7 +3284,7 @@ void sqlite3VectorErrorMsg(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 **     x IN (SELECT a FROM b)     -- IN operator with subquery on the right
 **
 ** The pExpr parameter is the IN operator.  The cursor number for the
-** constructed ephermeral table is returned.  The first time the ephemeral
+** constructed ephemeral table is returned.  The first time the ephemeral
 ** table is computed, the cursor number is also stored in pExpr->iTable,
 ** however the cursor number returned might not be the same, as it might
 ** have been duplicated using OP_OpenDup.
@@ -3188,7 +3325,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeRhsOfIN(
   if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_VarSelect) && pParse->iSelfTab==0 ){
     /* Reuse of the RHS is allowed */
     /* If this routine has already been coded, but the previous code
-    ** might not have been invoked yet, so invoke it now as a subroutine. 
+    ** might not have been invoked yet, so invoke it now as a subroutine.
     */
     if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Subrtn) ){
       addrOnce = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Once); VdbeCoverage(v);
@@ -3265,7 +3402,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeRhsOfIN(
       if( rc ){
         sqlite3KeyInfoUnref(pKeyInfo);
         return;
-      }      
+      }     
       assert( pKeyInfo!=0 ); /* OOM will cause exit after sqlite3Select() */
       assert( pEList!=0 );
       assert( pEList->nExpr>0 );
@@ -3354,7 +3491,7 @@ void sqlite3CodeRhsOfIN(
 **
 ** The pExpr parameter is the SELECT or EXISTS operator to be coded.
 **
-** Return the register that holds the result.  For a multi-column SELECT, 
+** Return the register that holds the result.  For a multi-column SELECT,
 ** the result is stored in a contiguous array of registers and the
 ** return value is the register of the left-most result column.
 ** Return 0 if an error occurs.
@@ -3411,7 +3548,7 @@ int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
   if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_VarSelect) ){
     addrOnce = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Once); VdbeCoverage(v);
   }
-  
+ 
   /* For a SELECT, generate code to put the values for all columns of
   ** the first row into an array of registers and return the index of
   ** the first register.
@@ -3419,7 +3556,7 @@ int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
   ** If this is an EXISTS, write an integer 0 (not exists) or 1 (exists)
   ** into a register and return that register number.
   **
-  ** In both cases, the query is augmented with "LIMIT 1".  Any 
+  ** In both cases, the query is augmented with "LIMIT 1".  Any
   ** preexisting limit is discarded in place of the new LIMIT 1.
   */
   ExplainQueryPlan2(addrExplain, (pParse, 1, "%sSCALAR SUBQUERY %d",
@@ -3483,9 +3620,9 @@ int sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
 /*
-** Expr pIn is an IN(...) expression. This function checks that the 
-** sub-select on the RHS of the IN() operator has the same number of 
-** columns as the vector on the LHS. Or, if the RHS of the IN() is not 
+** Expr pIn is an IN(...) expression. This function checks that the
+** sub-select on the RHS of the IN() operator has the same number of
+** columns as the vector on the LHS. Or, if the RHS of the IN() is not
 ** a sub-query, that the LHS is a vector of size 1.
 */
 int sqlite3ExprCheckIN(Parse *pParse, Expr *pIn){
@@ -3510,18 +3647,18 @@ int sqlite3ExprCheckIN(Parse *pParse, Expr *pIn){
 **      x IN (SELECT ...)
 **      x IN (value, value, ...)
 **
-** The left-hand side (LHS) is a scalar or vector expression.  The 
+** The left-hand side (LHS) is a scalar or vector expression.  The
 ** right-hand side (RHS) is an array of zero or more scalar values, or a
 ** subquery.  If the RHS is a subquery, the number of result columns must
 ** match the number of columns in the vector on the LHS.  If the RHS is
-** a list of values, the LHS must be a scalar. 
+** a list of values, the LHS must be a scalar.
 **
 ** The IN operator is true if the LHS value is contained within the RHS.
-** The result is false if the LHS is definitely not in the RHS.  The 
-** result is NULL if the presence of the LHS in the RHS cannot be 
+** The result is false if the LHS is definitely not in the RHS.  The
+** result is NULL if the presence of the LHS in the RHS cannot be
 ** determined due to NULLs.
 **
-** This routine generates code that jumps to destIfFalse if the LHS is not 
+** This routine generates code that jumps to destIfFalse if the LHS is not
 ** contained within the RHS.  If due to NULLs we cannot determine if the LHS
 ** is contained in the RHS then jump to destIfNull.  If the LHS is contained
 ** within the RHS then fall through.
@@ -3550,7 +3687,7 @@ static void sqlite3ExprCodeIN(
   int destStep6 = 0;    /* Start of code for Step 6 */
   int addrTruthOp;      /* Address of opcode that determines the IN is true */
   int destNotNull;      /* Jump here if a comparison is not true in step 6 */
-  int addrTop;          /* Top of the step-6 loop */ 
+  int addrTop;          /* Top of the step-6 loop */
   int iTab = 0;         /* Index to use */
   u8 okConstFactor = pParse->okConstFactor;
 
@@ -3577,7 +3714,7 @@ static void sqlite3ExprCodeIN(
                              aiMap, &iTab);
 
   assert( pParse->nErr || nVector==1 || eType==IN_INDEX_EPH
-       || eType==IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC || eType==IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC 
+       || eType==IN_INDEX_INDEX_ASC || eType==IN_INDEX_INDEX_DESC
   );
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
   /* Confirm that aiMap[] contains nVector integer values between 0 and
@@ -3589,8 +3726,8 @@ static void sqlite3ExprCodeIN(
   }
 #endif
 
-  /* Code the LHS, the <expr> from "<expr> IN (...)". If the LHS is a 
-  ** vector, then it is stored in an array of nVector registers starting 
+  /* Code the LHS, the <expr> from "<expr> IN (...)". If the LHS is a
+  ** vector, then it is stored in an array of nVector registers starting
   ** at r1.
   **
   ** sqlite3FindInIndex() might have reordered the fields of the LHS vector
@@ -3722,7 +3859,7 @@ static void sqlite3ExprCodeIN(
   }
 
   /* Step 5.  If we do not care about the difference between NULL and
-  ** FALSE, then just return false. 
+  ** FALSE, then just return false.
   */
   if( destIfFalse==destIfNull ) sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, destIfFalse);
 
@@ -3783,7 +3920,7 @@ static void sqlite3ExprCodeIN(
 ** Generate an instruction that will put the floating point
 ** value described by z[0..n-1] into register iMem.
 **
-** The z[] string will probably not be zero-terminated.  But the 
+** The z[] string will probably not be zero-terminated.  But the
 ** z[n] character is guaranteed to be something that does not look
 ** like the continuation of the number.
 */
@@ -3948,7 +4085,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(
 
 /*
 ** Generate code that will extract the iColumn-th column from
-** table pTab and store the column value in register iReg. 
+** table pTab and store the column value in register iReg.
 **
 ** There must be an open cursor to pTab in iTable when this routine
 ** is called.  If iColumn<0 then code is generated that extracts the rowid.
@@ -3962,10 +4099,13 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(
   u8 p5            /* P5 value for OP_Column + FLAGS */
 ){
   assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 );
+  assert( (p5 & (OPFLAG_NOCHNG|OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG|OPFLAG_LENGTHARG))==p5 );
+  assert( IsVirtual(pTab) || (p5 & OPFLAG_NOCHNG)==0 );
   sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse->pVdbe, pTab, iTable, iColumn, iReg);
   if( p5 ){
     VdbeOp *pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetLastOp(pParse->pVdbe);
     if( pOp->opcode==OP_Column ) pOp->p5 = p5;
+    if( pOp->opcode==OP_VColumn ) pOp->p5 = (p5 & OPFLAG_NOCHNG);
   }
   return iReg;
 }
@@ -3994,7 +4134,7 @@ static void exprToRegister(Expr *pExpr, int iReg){
 
 /*
 ** Evaluate an expression (either a vector or a scalar expression) and store
-** the result in continguous temporary registers.  Return the index of
+** the result in contiguous temporary registers.  Return the index of
 ** the first register used to store the result.
 **
 ** If the returned result register is a temporary scalar, then also write
@@ -4034,7 +4174,7 @@ static int exprCodeVector(Parse *pParse, Expr *p, int *piFreeable){
 */
 static void setDoNotMergeFlagOnCopy(Vdbe *v){
   if( sqlite3VdbeGetLastOp(v)->opcode==OP_Copy ){
-    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 1);  /* Tag trailing OP_Copy as not mergable */
+    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 1);  /* Tag trailing OP_Copy as not mergeable */
   }
 }
 
@@ -4091,7 +4231,7 @@ static int exprCodeInlineFunction(
       break;
     }
 #endif
-    default: {   
+    default: {  
       /* The UNLIKELY() function is a no-op.  The result is the value
       ** of the first argument.
       */
@@ -4108,7 +4248,7 @@ static int exprCodeInlineFunction(
     case INLINEFUNC_expr_compare: {
       /* Compare two expressions using sqlite3ExprCompare() */
       assert( nFarg==2 );
-      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer,
          sqlite3ExprCompare(0,pFarg->a[0].pExpr, pFarg->a[1].pExpr,-1),
          target);
       break;
@@ -4117,20 +4257,20 @@ static int exprCodeInlineFunction(
     case INLINEFUNC_expr_implies_expr: {
       /* Compare two expressions using sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr() */
       assert( nFarg==2 );
-      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer,
          sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr(pParse,pFarg->a[0].pExpr, pFarg->a[1].pExpr,-1),
          target);
       break;
     }
 
     case INLINEFUNC_implies_nonnull_row: {
-      /* REsult of sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow() */
+      /* Result of sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow() */
       Expr *pA1;
       assert( nFarg==2 );
       pA1 = pFarg->a[1].pExpr;
       if( pA1->op==TK_COLUMN ){
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 
-           sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(pFarg->a[0].pExpr,pA1->iTable),
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer,
+           sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(pFarg->a[0].pExpr,pA1->iTable,1),
            target);
       }else{
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, target);
@@ -4218,6 +4358,41 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int sqlite3IndexedExprLookup(
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Expresion pExpr is guaranteed to be a TK_COLUMN or equivalent. This
+** function checks the Parse.pIdxPartExpr list to see if this column
+** can be replaced with a constant value. If so, it generates code to
+** put the constant value in a register (ideally, but not necessarily, 
+** register iTarget) and returns the register number.
+**
+** Or, if the TK_COLUMN cannot be replaced by a constant, zero is 
+** returned.
+*/
+static int exprPartidxExprLookup(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int iTarget){
+  IndexedExpr *p;
+  for(p=pParse->pIdxPartExpr; p; p=p->pIENext){
+    if( pExpr->iColumn==p->iIdxCol && pExpr->iTable==p->iDataCur ){
+      Vdbe *v = pParse->pVdbe;
+      int addr = 0;
+      int ret;
+
+      if( p->bMaybeNullRow ){
+        addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IfNullRow, p->iIdxCur);
+      }
+      ret = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, p->pExpr, iTarget);
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(pParse->pVdbe, OP_Affinity, ret, 1, 0,
+                        (const char*)&p->aff, 1);
+      if( addr ){
+        sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr);
+        sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(v, addr, ret);
+      }
+      return ret;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Generate code into the current Vdbe to evaluate the given
 ** expression.  Attempt to store the results in register "target".
@@ -4245,7 +4420,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
 expr_code_doover:
   if( pExpr==0 ){
     op = TK_NULL;
-  }else if( pParse->pIdxEpr!=0 
+  }else if( pParse->pIdxEpr!=0
    && !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Leaf)
    && (r1 = sqlite3IndexedExprLookup(pParse, pExpr, target))>=0
   ){
@@ -4254,6 +4429,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
     assert( !ExprHasVVAProperty(pExpr,EP_Immutable) );
     op = pExpr->op;
   }
+  assert( op!=TK_ORDER );
   switch( op ){
     case TK_AGG_COLUMN: {
       AggInfo *pAggInfo = pExpr->pAggInfo;
@@ -4267,7 +4443,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
 #ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
         /* Verify that the OP_Null above is exercised by tests
         ** tag-20230325-2 */
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, target, 1);
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_NotNull, target, 1, 20230325);
         VdbeCoverageNeverTaken(v);
 #endif
         break;
@@ -4284,7 +4460,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
         }else if( pCol->iColumn<0 ){
           VdbeComment((v,"%s.rowid",pTab->zName));
         }else{
-          VdbeComment((v,"%s.%s", 
+          VdbeComment((v,"%s.%s",
               pTab->zName, pTab->aCol[pCol->iColumn].zCnName));
           if( pTab->aCol[pCol->iColumn].affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL ){
             sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_RealAffinity, target);
@@ -4306,7 +4482,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
       if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_FixedCol) ){
         /* This COLUMN expression is really a constant due to WHERE clause
         ** constraints, and that constant is coded by the pExpr->pLeft
-        ** expresssion.  However, make sure the constant has the correct
+        ** expression.  However, make sure the constant has the correct
         ** datatype by applying the Affinity of the table column to the
         ** constant.
         */
@@ -4375,6 +4551,11 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
           iTab = pParse->iSelfTab - 1;
         }
       }
+      else if( pParse->pIdxPartExpr 
+       && 0!=(r1 = exprPartidxExprLookup(pParse, pExpr, target))
+      ){
+        return r1;
+      }
       assert( ExprUseYTab(pExpr) );
       assert( pExpr->y.pTab!=0 );
       iReg = sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(pParse, pExpr->y.pTab,
@@ -4501,7 +4682,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
     case TK_BITOR:
     case TK_SLASH:
     case TK_LSHIFT:
-    case TK_RSHIFT: 
+    case TK_RSHIFT:
     case TK_CONCAT: {
       assert( TK_AND==OP_And );            testcase( op==TK_AND );
       assert( TK_OR==OP_Or );              testcase( op==TK_OR );
@@ -4632,7 +4813,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
         sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unknown function: %#T()", pExpr);
         break;
       }
-      if( pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_INLINE ){
+      if( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_INLINE)!=0 && ALWAYS(pFarg!=0) ){
         assert( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE)==0 );
         assert( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT)==0 );
         return exprCodeInlineFunction(pParse, pFarg,
@@ -4658,10 +4839,10 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
           r1 = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nFarg);
         }
 
-        /* For length() and typeof() functions with a column argument,
+        /* For length() and typeof() and octet_length() functions,
         ** set the P5 parameter to the OP_Column opcode to OPFLAG_LENGTHARG
-        ** or OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG respectively, to avoid unnecessary data
-        ** loading.
+        ** or OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG or OPFLAG_BYTELENARG respectively, to avoid
+        ** unnecessary data loading.
         */
         if( (pDef->funcFlags & (SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH|SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF))!=0 ){
           u8 exprOp;
@@ -4671,14 +4852,16 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
           if( exprOp==TK_COLUMN || exprOp==TK_AGG_COLUMN ){
             assert( SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH==OPFLAG_LENGTHARG );
             assert( SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF==OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG );
-            testcase( pDef->funcFlags & OPFLAG_LENGTHARG );
-            pFarg->a[0].pExpr->op2 = 
-                  pDef->funcFlags & (OPFLAG_LENGTHARG|OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG);
+            assert( SQLITE_FUNC_BYTELEN==OPFLAG_BYTELENARG );
+            assert( (OPFLAG_LENGTHARG|OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG)==OPFLAG_BYTELENARG );
+            testcase( (pDef->funcFlags & OPFLAG_BYTELENARG)==OPFLAG_LENGTHARG );
+            testcase( (pDef->funcFlags & OPFLAG_BYTELENARG)==OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG );
+            testcase( (pDef->funcFlags & OPFLAG_BYTELENARG)==OPFLAG_BYTELENARG);
+            pFarg->a[0].pExpr->op2 = pDef->funcFlags & OPFLAG_BYTELENARG;
           }
         }
 
-        sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pFarg, r1, 0,
-                                SQLITE_ECEL_DUP|SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR);
+        sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pFarg, r1, 0, SQLITE_ECEL_FACTOR);
       }else{
         r1 = 0;
       }
@@ -4691,7 +4874,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
       ** see if it is a column in a virtual table.  This is done because
       ** the left operand of infix functions (the operand we want to
       ** control overloading) ends up as the second argument to the
-      ** function.  The expression "A glob B" is equivalent to 
+      ** function.  The expression "A glob B" is equivalent to
       ** "glob(B,A).  We want to use the A in "A glob B" to test
       ** for function overloading.  But we use the B term in "glob(B,A)".
       */
@@ -4702,7 +4885,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
       }
 #endif
       if( pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL ){
-        if( !pColl ) pColl = db->pDfltColl; 
+        if( !pColl ) pColl = db->pDfltColl;
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_CollSeq, 0, 0, 0, (char *)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
       }
       sqlite3VdbeAddFunctionCall(pParse, constMask, r1, target, nFarg,
@@ -4810,7 +4993,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
       **
       ** The expression is implemented using an OP_Param opcode. The p1
       ** parameter is set to 0 for an old.rowid reference, or to (i+1)
-      ** to reference another column of the old.* pseudo-table, where 
+      ** to reference another column of the old.* pseudo-table, where
       ** i is the index of the column. For a new.rowid reference, p1 is
       ** set to (n+1), where n is the number of columns in each pseudo-table.
       ** For a reference to any other column in the new.* pseudo-table, p1
@@ -4824,7 +5007,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
       **
       **   p1==0   ->    old.rowid     p1==3   ->    new.rowid
       **   p1==1   ->    old.a         p1==4   ->    new.a
-      **   p1==2   ->    old.b         p1==5   ->    new.b       
+      **   p1==2   ->    old.b         p1==5   ->    new.b      
       */
       Table *pTab;
       int iCol;
@@ -4833,7 +5016,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
       assert( ExprUseYTab(pExpr) );
       pTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
       iCol = pExpr->iColumn;
-      p1 = pExpr->iTable * (pTab->nCol+1) + 1 
+      p1 = pExpr->iTable * (pTab->nCol+1) + 1
                      + sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, iCol);
 
       assert( pExpr->iTable==0 || pExpr->iTable==1 );
@@ -4991,7 +5174,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
     }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
     case TK_RAISE: {
-      assert( pExpr->affExpr==OE_Rollback 
+      assert( pExpr->affExpr==OE_Rollback
            || pExpr->affExpr==OE_Abort
            || pExpr->affExpr==OE_Fail
            || pExpr->affExpr==OE_Ignore
@@ -5033,9 +5216,9 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
 ** once. If no functions are involved, then factor the code out and put it at
 ** the end of the prepared statement in the initialization section.
 **
-** If regDest>=0 then the result is always stored in that register and the
-** result is not reusable.  If regDest<0 then this routine is free to 
-** store the value whereever it wants.  The register where the expression 
+** If regDest>0 then the result is always stored in that register and the
+** result is not reusable.  If regDest<0 then this routine is free to
+** store the value wherever it wants.  The register where the expression
 ** is stored is returned.  When regDest<0, two identical expressions might
 ** code to the same register, if they do not contain function calls and hence
 ** are factored out into the initialization section at the end of the
@@ -5048,6 +5231,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeRunJustOnce(
 ){
   ExprList *p;
   assert( ConstFactorOk(pParse) );
+  assert( regDest!=0 );
   p = pParse->pConstExpr;
   if( regDest<0 && p ){
     struct ExprList_item *pItem;
@@ -5255,7 +5439,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(
 **
 **    x BETWEEN y AND z
 **
-** The above is equivalent to 
+** The above is equivalent to
 **
 **    x>=y AND x<=z
 **
@@ -5473,7 +5657,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int dest, int jumpIfNull){
     }
   }
   sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree1);
-  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree2);  
+  sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regFree2); 
 }
 
 /*
@@ -5634,7 +5818,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int dest, int jumpIfNull){
     }
 #endif
     default: {
-    default_expr: 
+    default_expr:
       if( ExprAlwaysFalse(pExpr) ){
         sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, dest);
       }else if( ExprAlwaysTrue(pExpr) ){
@@ -5688,7 +5872,7 @@ static int exprCompareVariable(
   int res = 0;
   int iVar;
   sqlite3_value *pL, *pR = 0;
-  
+ 
   sqlite3ValueFromExpr(pParse->db, pExpr, SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB, &pR);
   if( pR ){
     iVar = pVar->iColumn;
@@ -5730,9 +5914,9 @@ static int exprCompareVariable(
 ** an incorrect 0 or 1 could lead to a malfunction.
 **
 ** If pParse is not NULL then TK_VARIABLE terms in pA with bindings in
-** pParse->pReprepare can be matched against literals in pB.  The 
+** pParse->pReprepare can be matched against literals in pB.  The
 ** pParse->pVdbe->expmask bitmask is updated for each variable referenced.
-** If pParse is NULL (the normal case) then any TK_VARIABLE term in 
+** If pParse is NULL (the normal case) then any TK_VARIABLE term in
 ** Argument pParse should normally be NULL. If it is not NULL and pA or
 ** pB causes a return value of 2.
 */
@@ -5763,7 +5947,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCompare(
     if( pB->op==TK_COLLATE && sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pA,pB->pLeft,iTab)<2 ){
       return 1;
     }
-    if( pA->op==TK_AGG_COLUMN && pB->op==TK_COLUMN 
+    if( pA->op==TK_AGG_COLUMN && pB->op==TK_COLUMN
      && pB->iTable<0 && pA->iTable==iTab
     ){
       /* fall through */
@@ -5791,7 +5975,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCompare(
       return 0;
     }else if( pA->op==TK_COLLATE ){
       if( sqlite3_stricmp(pA->u.zToken,pB->u.zToken)!=0 ) return 2;
-    }else 
+    }else
     if( pB->u.zToken!=0
      && pA->op!=TK_COLUMN
      && pA->op!=TK_AGG_COLUMN
@@ -5824,7 +6008,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCompare(
 
 /*
 ** Compare two ExprList objects.  Return 0 if they are identical, 1
-** if they are certainly different, or 2 if it is not possible to 
+** if they are certainly different, or 2 if it is not possible to
 ** determine if they are identical or not.
 **
 ** If any subelement of pB has Expr.iTable==(-1) then it is allowed
@@ -5912,8 +6096,8 @@ static int exprImpliesNotNull(
     case TK_MINUS:
     case TK_BITOR:
     case TK_LSHIFT:
-    case TK_RSHIFT: 
-    case TK_CONCAT: 
+    case TK_RSHIFT:
+    case TK_CONCAT:
       seenNot = 1;
       /* no break */ deliberate_fall_through
     case TK_STAR:
@@ -5953,14 +6137,14 @@ static int exprImpliesNotNull(
 **     pE1: x!=123     pE2: x IS NOT NULL    Result: true
 **     pE1: x!=?1      pE2: x IS NOT NULL    Result: true
 **     pE1: x IS NULL  pE2: x IS NOT NULL    Result: false
-**     pE1: x IS ?2    pE2: x IS NOT NULL    Reuslt: false
+**     pE1: x IS ?2    pE2: x IS NOT NULL    Result: false
 **
 ** When comparing TK_COLUMN nodes between pE1 and pE2, if pE2 has
 ** Expr.iTable<0 then assume a table number given by iTab.
 **
-** If pParse is not NULL, then the values of bound variables in pE1 are 
+** If pParse is not NULL, then the values of bound variables in pE1 are
 ** compared against literal values in pE2 and pParse->pVdbe->expmask is
-** modified to record which bound variables are referenced.  If pParse 
+** modified to record which bound variables are referenced.  If pParse
 ** is NULL, then false will be returned if pE1 contains any bound variables.
 **
 ** When in doubt, return false.  Returning true might give a performance
@@ -5990,11 +6174,29 @@ int sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr(
   return 0;
 }
 
+/* This is a helper function to impliesNotNullRow().  In this routine,
+** set pWalker->eCode to one only if *both* of the input expressions
+** separately have the implies-not-null-row property.
+*/
+static void bothImplyNotNullRow(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pE1, Expr *pE2){
+  if( pWalker->eCode==0 ){
+    sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pE1);
+    if( pWalker->eCode ){
+      pWalker->eCode = 0;
+      sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pE2);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** This is the Expr node callback for sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow().
 ** If the expression node requires that the table at pWalker->iCur
 ** have one or more non-NULL column, then set pWalker->eCode to 1 and abort.
 **
+** pWalker->mWFlags is non-zero if this inquiry is being undertaking on
+** behalf of a RIGHT JOIN (or FULL JOIN).  That makes a difference when
+** evaluating terms in the ON clause of an inner join.
+**
 ** This routine controls an optimization.  False positives (setting
 ** pWalker->eCode to 1 when it should not be) are deadly, but false-negatives
 ** (never setting pWalker->eCode) is a harmless missed optimization.
@@ -6003,28 +6205,33 @@ static int impliesNotNullRow(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_COLUMN );
   testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
   if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_OuterON) ) return WRC_Prune;
+  if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_InnerON) && pWalker->mWFlags ){
+    /* If iCur is used in an inner-join ON clause to the left of a
+    ** RIGHT JOIN, that does *not* mean that the table must be non-null.
+    ** But it is difficult to check for that condition precisely.
+    ** To keep things simple, any use of iCur from any inner-join is
+    ** ignored while attempting to simplify a RIGHT JOIN. */
+    return WRC_Prune;
+  }
   switch( pExpr->op ){
     case TK_ISNOT:
     case TK_ISNULL:
     case TK_NOTNULL:
     case TK_IS:
-    case TK_OR:
     case TK_VECTOR:
-    case TK_CASE:
-    case TK_IN:
     case TK_FUNCTION:
     case TK_TRUTH:
+    case TK_CASE:
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT );
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_ISNULL );
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL );
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IS );
-      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_OR );
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_VECTOR );
-      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_CASE );
-      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_IN );
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION );
       testcase( pExpr->op==TK_TRUTH );
+      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_CASE );
       return WRC_Prune;
+
     case TK_COLUMN:
       if( pWalker->u.iCur==pExpr->iTable ){
         pWalker->eCode = 1;
@@ -6032,21 +6239,38 @@ static int impliesNotNullRow(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
       }
       return WRC_Prune;
 
+    case TK_OR:
     case TK_AND:
-      if( pWalker->eCode==0 ){
+      /* Both sides of an AND or OR must separately imply non-null-row.
+      ** Consider these cases:
+      **    1.  NOT (x AND y)
+      **    2.  x OR y
+      ** If only one of x or y is non-null-row, then the overall expression
+      ** can be true if the other arm is false (case 1) or true (case 2).
+      */
+      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_OR );
+      testcase( pExpr->op==TK_AND );
+      bothImplyNotNullRow(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft, pExpr->pRight);
+      return WRC_Prune;
+       
+    case TK_IN:
+      /* Beware of "x NOT IN ()" and "x NOT IN (SELECT 1 WHERE false)",
+      ** both of which can be true.  But apart from these cases, if
+      ** the left-hand side of the IN is NULL then the IN itself will be
+      ** NULL. */
+      if( ExprUseXList(pExpr) && ALWAYS(pExpr->x.pList->nExpr>0) ){
         sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft);
-        if( pWalker->eCode ){
-          pWalker->eCode = 0;
-          sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pRight);
-        }
       }
       return WRC_Prune;
 
     case TK_BETWEEN:
-      if( sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft)==WRC_Abort ){
-        assert( pWalker->eCode );
-        return WRC_Abort;
-      }
+      /* In "x NOT BETWEEN y AND z" either x must be non-null-row or else
+      ** both y and z must be non-null row */
+      assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr) );
+      assert( pExpr->x.pList->nExpr==2 );
+      sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft);
+      bothImplyNotNullRow(pWalker, pExpr->x.pList->a[0].pExpr,
+                                   pExpr->x.pList->a[1].pExpr);
       return WRC_Prune;
 
     /* Virtual tables are allowed to use constraints like x=NULL.  So
@@ -6108,7 +6332,7 @@ static int impliesNotNullRow(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 ** be non-NULL, then the LEFT JOIN can be safely converted into an
 ** ordinary join.
 */
-int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr *p, int iTab){
+int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr *p, int iTab, int isRJ){
   Walker w;
   p = sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(p);
   if( p==0 ) return 0;
@@ -6116,7 +6340,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr *p, int iTab){
     p = p->pLeft;
   }else{
     while( p->op==TK_AND ){
-      if( sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(p->pLeft, iTab) ) return 1;
+      if( sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(p->pLeft, iTab, isRJ) ) return 1;
       p = p->pRight;
     }
   }
@@ -6124,6 +6348,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr *p, int iTab){
   w.xSelectCallback = 0;
   w.xSelectCallback2 = 0;
   w.eCode = 0;
+  w.mWFlags = isRJ!=0;
   w.u.iCur = iTab;
   sqlite3WalkExpr(&w, p);
   return w.eCode;
@@ -6142,7 +6367,7 @@ struct IdxCover {
 };
 
 /*
-** Check to see if there are references to columns in table 
+** Check to see if there are references to columns in table
 ** pWalker->u.pIdxCover->iCur can be satisfied using the index
 ** pWalker->u.pIdxCover->pIdx.
 */
@@ -6184,7 +6409,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCoveredByIndex(
 }
 
 
-/* Structure used to pass information throught the Walker in order to
+/* Structure used to pass information throughout the Walker in order to
 ** implement sqlite3ReferencesSrcList().
 */
 struct RefSrcList {
@@ -6232,7 +6457,7 @@ static void selectRefLeave(Walker *pWalker, Select *pSelect){
 }
 
 /* This is the Walker EXPR callback for sqlite3ReferencesSrcList().
-** 
+**
 ** Set the 0x01 bit of pWalker->eCode if there is a reference to any
 ** of the tables shown in RefSrcList.pRef.
 **
@@ -6291,6 +6516,12 @@ int sqlite3ReferencesSrcList(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, SrcList *pSrcList){
   assert( pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
   assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr) );
   sqlite3WalkExprList(&w, pExpr->x.pList);
+  if( pExpr->pLeft ){
+    assert( pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
+    assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr->pLeft) );
+    assert( pExpr->pLeft->x.pList!=0 );
+    sqlite3WalkExprList(&w, pExpr->pLeft->x.pList);
+  }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
   if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
     sqlite3WalkExpr(&w, pExpr->y.pWin->pFilter);
@@ -6377,7 +6608,7 @@ static int addAggInfoColumn(sqlite3 *db, AggInfo *pInfo){
        &i
   );
   return i;
-}    
+}   
 
 /*
 ** Add a new element to the pAggInfo->aFunc[] array.  Return the index of
@@ -6386,7 +6617,7 @@ static int addAggInfoColumn(sqlite3 *db, AggInfo *pInfo){
 static int addAggInfoFunc(sqlite3 *db, AggInfo *pInfo){
   int i;
   pInfo->aFunc = sqlite3ArrayAllocate(
-       db, 
+       db,
        pInfo->aFunc,
        sizeof(pInfo->aFunc[0]),
        &pInfo->nFunc,
@@ -6397,10 +6628,10 @@ static int addAggInfoFunc(sqlite3 *db, AggInfo *pInfo){
 
 /*
 ** Search the AggInfo object for an aCol[] entry that has iTable and iColumn.
-** Return the index in aCol[] of the entry that describes that column. 
+** Return the index in aCol[] of the entry that describes that column.
 **
 ** If no prior entry is found, create a new one and return -1.  The
-** new column will have an idex of pAggInfo->nColumn-1.
+** new column will have an index of pAggInfo->nColumn-1.
 */
 static void findOrCreateAggInfoColumn(
   Parse *pParse,       /* Parsing context */
@@ -6413,6 +6644,7 @@ static void findOrCreateAggInfoColumn(
   assert( pAggInfo->iFirstReg==0 );
   pCol = pAggInfo->aCol;
   for(k=0; k<pAggInfo->nColumn; k++, pCol++){
+    if( pCol->pCExpr==pExpr ) return;
     if( pCol->iTable==pExpr->iTable
      && pCol->iColumn==pExpr->iColumn
      && pExpr->op!=TK_IF_NULL_ROW
@@ -6538,7 +6770,7 @@ static int analyzeAggregate(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
       if( (pNC->ncFlags & NC_InAggFunc)==0
        && pWalker->walkerDepth==pExpr->op2
       ){
-        /* Check to see if pExpr is a duplicate of another aggregate 
+        /* Check to see if pExpr is a duplicate of another aggregate
         ** function that is already in the pAggInfo structure
         */
         struct AggInfo_func *pItem = pAggInfo->aFunc;
@@ -6554,14 +6786,42 @@ static int analyzeAggregate(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
           u8 enc = ENC(pParse->db);
           i = addAggInfoFunc(pParse->db, pAggInfo);
           if( i>=0 ){
+            int nArg;
             assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect) );
             pItem = &pAggInfo->aFunc[i];
             pItem->pFExpr = pExpr;
             assert( ExprUseUToken(pExpr) );
+            nArg = pExpr->x.pList ? pExpr->x.pList->nExpr : 0;
             pItem->pFunc = sqlite3FindFunction(pParse->db,
-                   pExpr->u.zToken, 
-                   pExpr->x.pList ? pExpr->x.pList->nExpr : 0, enc, 0);
-            if( pExpr->flags & EP_Distinct ){
+                                         pExpr->u.zToken, nArg, enc, 0);
+            assert( pItem->bOBUnique==0 );
+            if( pExpr->pLeft
+             && (pItem->pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)==0
+            ){
+              /* The NEEDCOLL test above causes any ORDER BY clause on
+              ** aggregate min() or max() to be ignored. */
+              ExprList *pOBList;
+              assert( nArg>0 );
+              assert( pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
+              assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr->pLeft) );
+              pItem->iOBTab = pParse->nTab++;
+              pOBList = pExpr->pLeft->x.pList;
+              assert( pOBList->nExpr>0 );
+              assert( pItem->bOBUnique==0 );
+              if( pOBList->nExpr==1
+               && nArg==1
+               && sqlite3ExprCompare(0,pOBList->a[0].pExpr,
+                               pExpr->x.pList->a[0].pExpr,0)==0
+              ){
+                pItem->bOBPayload = 0;
+                pItem->bOBUnique = ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Distinct);
+              }else{
+                pItem->bOBPayload = 1;
+              }
+            }else{
+              pItem->iOBTab = -1;
+            }
+            if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Distinct) && !pItem->bOBUnique ){
               pItem->iDistinct = pParse->nTab++;
             }else{
               pItem->iDistinct = -1;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/fkey.c b/sqlite/src/fkey.c
index 29609916..bace1ae5 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/fkey.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/fkey.c
@@ -858,6 +858,7 @@ static int isSetNullAction(Parse *pParse, FKey *pFKey){
     if( (p==pFKey->apTrigger[0] && pFKey->aAction[0]==OE_SetNull)
      || (p==pFKey->apTrigger[1] && pFKey->aAction[1]==OE_SetNull)
     ){
+      assert( (pTop->db->flags & SQLITE_FkNoAction)==0 );
       return 1;
     }
   }
@@ -1052,6 +1053,8 @@ void sqlite3FkCheck(
       }
       if( regOld!=0 ){
         int eAction = pFKey->aAction[aChange!=0];
+        if( (db->flags & SQLITE_FkNoAction) ) eAction = OE_None;
+
         fkScanChildren(pParse, pSrc, pTab, pIdx, pFKey, aiCol, regOld, 1);
         /* If this is a deferred FK constraint, or a CASCADE or SET NULL
         ** action applies, then any foreign key violations caused by
@@ -1167,7 +1170,11 @@ int sqlite3FkRequired(
       /* Check if any parent key columns are being modified. */
       for(p=sqlite3FkReferences(pTab); p; p=p->pNextTo){
         if( fkParentIsModified(pTab, p, aChange, chngRowid) ){
-          if( p->aAction[1]!=OE_None ) return 2;
+          if( (pParse->db->flags & SQLITE_FkNoAction)==0 
+           && p->aAction[1]!=OE_None 
+          ){
+            return 2;
+          }
           bHaveFK = 1;
         }
       }
@@ -1217,6 +1224,7 @@ static Trigger *fkActionTrigger(
   int iAction = (pChanges!=0);    /* 1 for UPDATE, 0 for DELETE */
 
   action = pFKey->aAction[iAction];
+  if( (db->flags & SQLITE_FkNoAction) ) action = OE_None;
   if( action==OE_Restrict && (db->flags & SQLITE_DeferFKs) ){
     return 0;
   }
@@ -1448,9 +1456,8 @@ void sqlite3FkDelete(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTab){
       if( pFKey->pPrevTo ){
         pFKey->pPrevTo->pNextTo = pFKey->pNextTo;
       }else{
-        void *p = (void *)pFKey->pNextTo;
-        const char *z = (p ? pFKey->pNextTo->zTo : pFKey->zTo);
-        sqlite3HashInsert(&pTab->pSchema->fkeyHash, z, p);
+        const char *z = (pFKey->pNextTo ? pFKey->pNextTo->zTo : pFKey->zTo);
+        sqlite3HashInsert(&pTab->pSchema->fkeyHash, z, pFKey->pNextTo);
       }
       if( pFKey->pNextTo ){
         pFKey->pNextTo->pPrevTo = pFKey->pPrevTo;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/func.c b/sqlite/src/func.c
index 4d0da5de..58ef4fef 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/func.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/func.c
@@ -149,11 +149,47 @@ static void lengthFunc(
   }
 }
 
+/*
+** Implementation of the octet_length() function
+*/
+static void bytelengthFunc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  assert( argc==1 );
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+  switch( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]) ){
+    case SQLITE_BLOB: {
+      sqlite3_result_int(context, sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]));
+      break;
+    }
+    case SQLITE_INTEGER:
+    case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+      i64 m = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context)->enc<=SQLITE_UTF8 ? 1 : 2;
+      sqlite3_result_int64(context, sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0])*m);
+      break;
+    }
+    case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+      if( sqlite3_value_encoding(argv[0])<=SQLITE_UTF8 ){
+        sqlite3_result_int(context, sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]));
+      }else{
+        sqlite3_result_int(context, sqlite3_value_bytes16(argv[0]));
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default: {
+      sqlite3_result_null(context);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Implementation of the abs() function.
 **
 ** IMP: R-23979-26855 The abs(X) function returns the absolute value of
-** the numeric argument X. 
+** the numeric argument X.
 */
 static void absFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
   assert( argc==1 );
@@ -170,7 +206,7 @@ static void absFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
           return;
         }
         iVal = -iVal;
-      } 
+      }
       sqlite3_result_int64(context, iVal);
       break;
     }
@@ -422,10 +458,10 @@ static void roundFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
   */
   if( r<-4503599627370496.0 || r>+4503599627370496.0 ){
     /* The value has no fractional part so there is nothing to round */
-  }else if( n==0 ){  
+  }else if( n==0 ){ 
     r = (double)((sqlite_int64)(r+(r<0?-0.5:+0.5)));
   }else{
-    zBuf = sqlite3_mprintf("%.*f",n,r);
+    zBuf = sqlite3_mprintf("%!.*f",n,r);
     if( zBuf==0 ){
       sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
       return;
@@ -515,7 +551,7 @@ static void lowerFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
 #define noopFunc versionFunc   /* Substitute function - never called */
 
 /*
-** Implementation of random().  Return a random integer.  
+** Implementation of random().  Return a random integer. 
 */
 static void randomFunc(
   sqlite3_context *context,
@@ -526,11 +562,11 @@ static void randomFunc(
   UNUSED_PARAMETER2(NotUsed, NotUsed2);
   sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(r), &r);
   if( r<0 ){
-    /* We need to prevent a random number of 0x8000000000000000 
+    /* We need to prevent a random number of 0x8000000000000000
     ** (or -9223372036854775808) since when you do abs() of that
     ** number of you get the same value back again.  To do this
     ** in a way that is testable, mask the sign bit off of negative
-    ** values, resulting in a positive value.  Then take the 
+    ** values, resulting in a positive value.  Then take the
     ** 2s complement of that positive value.  The end result can
     ** therefore be no less than -9223372036854775807.
     */
@@ -568,8 +604,8 @@ static void randomBlob(
 ** value is the same as the sqlite3_last_insert_rowid() API function.
 */
 static void last_insert_rowid(
-  sqlite3_context *context, 
-  int NotUsed, 
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int NotUsed,
   sqlite3_value **NotUsed2
 ){
   sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);
@@ -625,7 +661,7 @@ struct compareInfo {
 
 /*
 ** For LIKE and GLOB matching on EBCDIC machines, assume that every
-** character is exactly one byte in size.  Also, provde the Utf8Read()
+** character is exactly one byte in size.  Also, provide the Utf8Read()
 ** macro for fast reading of the next character in the common case where
 ** the next character is ASCII.
 */
@@ -677,7 +713,7 @@ static const struct compareInfo likeInfoAlt = { '%', '_',   0, 0 };
 ** it the last character in the list.
 **
 ** Like matching rules:
-** 
+**
 **      '%'       Matches any sequence of zero or more characters
 **
 ***     '_'       Matches any one character
@@ -700,13 +736,13 @@ static int patternCompare(
   u32 matchAll = pInfo->matchAll;  /* "*" or "%" */
   u8 noCase = pInfo->noCase;       /* True if uppercase==lowercase */
   const u8 *zEscaped = 0;          /* One past the last escaped input char */
-  
+ 
   while( (c = Utf8Read(zPattern))!=0 ){
     if( c==matchAll ){  /* Match "*" */
       /* Skip over multiple "*" characters in the pattern.  If there
       ** are also "?" characters, skip those as well, but consume a
       ** single character of the input string for each "?" skipped */
-      while( (c=Utf8Read(zPattern)) == matchAll 
+      while( (c=Utf8Read(zPattern)) == matchAll
              || (c == matchOne && matchOne!=0) ){
         if( c==matchOne && sqlite3Utf8Read(&zString)==0 ){
           return SQLITE_NOWILDCARDMATCH;
@@ -858,7 +894,7 @@ int sqlite3_like_count = 0;
 
 /*
 ** Implementation of the like() SQL function.  This function implements
-** the build-in LIKE operator.  The first argument to the function is the
+** the built-in LIKE operator.  The first argument to the function is the
 ** pattern and the second argument is the string.  So, the SQL statements:
 **
 **       A LIKE B
@@ -869,8 +905,8 @@ int sqlite3_like_count = 0;
 ** the GLOB operator.
 */
 static void likeFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *context, 
-  int argc, 
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
   const unsigned char *zA, *zB;
@@ -909,7 +945,7 @@ static void likeFunc(
     const unsigned char *zEsc = sqlite3_value_text(argv[2]);
     if( zEsc==0 ) return;
     if( sqlite3Utf8CharLen((char*)zEsc, -1)!=1 ){
-      sqlite3_result_error(context, 
+      sqlite3_result_error(context,
           "ESCAPE expression must be a single character", -1);
       return;
     }
@@ -1022,8 +1058,8 @@ static void compileoptionusedFunc(
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS */
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite_compileoption_get() function. 
-** The result is a string that identifies the compiler options 
+** Implementation of the sqlite_compileoption_get() function.
+** The result is a string that identifies the compiler options
 ** used to build SQLite.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
@@ -1047,7 +1083,7 @@ static void compileoptiongetFunc(
 ** digits. */
 static const char hexdigits[] = {
   '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
-  '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F' 
+  '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1114,7 +1150,7 @@ void sqlite3QuoteValue(StrAccum *pStr, sqlite3_value *pValue){
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the QUOTE() function.  
+** Implementation of the QUOTE() function. 
 **
 ** The quote(X) function returns the text of an SQL literal which is the
 ** value of its argument suitable for inclusion into an SQL statement.
@@ -1140,7 +1176,7 @@ static void quoteFunc(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
 
 /*
 ** The unicode() function.  Return the integer unicode code-point value
-** for the first character of the input string. 
+** for the first character of the input string.
 */
 static void unicodeFunc(
   sqlite3_context *context,
@@ -1191,6 +1227,7 @@ static void charFunc(
       *zOut++ = 0x80 + (u8)(c & 0x3F);
     }                                                    \
   }
+  *zOut = 0;
   sqlite3_result_text64(context, (char*)z, zOut-z, sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
 }
 
@@ -1219,7 +1256,8 @@ static void hexFunc(
       *(z++) = hexdigits[c&0xf];
     }
     *z = 0;
-    sqlite3_result_text(context, zHex, n*2, sqlite3_free);
+    sqlite3_result_text64(context, zHex, (u64)(z-zHex),
+                          sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1244,12 +1282,12 @@ static int strContainsChar(const u8 *zStr, int nStr, u32 ch){
 ** decoded and returned as a blob.
 **
 ** If there is only a single argument, then it must consist only of an
-** even number of hexadeximal digits. Otherwise, return NULL.
+** even number of hexadecimal digits. Otherwise, return NULL.
 **
 ** Or, if there is a second argument, then any character that appears in
 ** the second argument is also allowed to appear between pairs of hexadecimal
 ** digits in the first argument. If any other character appears in the
-** first argument, or if one of the allowed characters appears between 
+** first argument, or if one of the allowed characters appears between
 ** two hexadecimal digits that make up a single byte, NULL is returned.
 **
 ** The following expressions are all true:
@@ -1386,7 +1424,7 @@ static void replaceFunc(
   if( zOut==0 ){
     return;
   }
-  loopLimit = nStr - nPattern;  
+  loopLimit = nStr - nPattern; 
   cntExpand = 0;
   for(i=j=0; i<=loopLimit; i++){
     if( zStr[i]!=zPattern[0] || memcmp(&zStr[i], zPattern, nPattern) ){
@@ -1468,7 +1506,7 @@ static void trimFunc(
       SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(z);
     }
     if( nChar>0 ){
-      azChar = contextMalloc(context, 
+      azChar = contextMalloc(context,
                      ((i64)nChar)*(sizeof(char*)+sizeof(unsigned)));
       if( azChar==0 ){
         return;
@@ -1513,6 +1551,81 @@ static void trimFunc(
   sqlite3_result_text(context, (char*)zIn, nIn, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
 }
 
+/* The core implementation of the CONCAT(...) and CONCAT_WS(SEP,...)
+** functions.
+**
+** Return a string value that is the concatenation of all non-null
+** entries in argv[].  Use zSep as the separator.
+*/
+static void concatFuncCore(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv,
+  int nSep,
+  const char *zSep
+){
+  i64 j, k, n = 0;
+  int i;
+  char *z;
+  for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
+    n += sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[i]);
+  }
+  n += (argc-1)*nSep;
+  z = sqlite3_malloc64(n+1);
+  if( z==0 ){
+    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
+    return;
+  }
+  j = 0;
+  for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
+    k = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[i]);
+    if( k>0 ){
+      const char *v = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i]);
+      if( v!=0 ){
+        if( j>0 && nSep>0 ){
+          memcpy(&z[j], zSep, nSep);
+          j += nSep;
+        }
+        memcpy(&z[j], v, k);
+        j += k;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  z[j] = 0;
+  assert( j<=n );
+  sqlite3_result_text64(context, z, j, sqlite3_free, SQLITE_UTF8);
+}
+
+/*
+** The CONCAT(...) function.  Generate a string result that is the
+** concatentation of all non-null arguments.
+*/
+static void concatFunc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  concatFuncCore(context, argc, argv, 0, "");
+}
+
+/*
+** The CONCAT_WS(separator, ...) function.
+**
+** Generate a string that is the concatenation of 2nd through the Nth
+** argument.  Use the first argument (which must be non-NULL) as the
+** separator.
+*/
+static void concatwsFunc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  int nSep = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+  const char *zSep = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
+  if( zSep==0 ) return;
+  concatFuncCore(context, argc-1, argv+1, nSep, zSep);
+}
+
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNKNOWN_SQL_FUNCTION
 /*
@@ -1546,7 +1659,7 @@ static void unknownFunc(
 ** Compute the soundex encoding of a word.
 **
 ** IMP: R-59782-00072 The soundex(X) function returns a string that is the
-** soundex encoding of the string X. 
+** soundex encoding of the string X.
 */
 static void soundexFunc(
   sqlite3_context *context,
@@ -1634,13 +1747,68 @@ static void loadExt(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
 */
 typedef struct SumCtx SumCtx;
 struct SumCtx {
-  double rSum;      /* Floating point sum */
-  i64 iSum;         /* Integer sum */   
+  double rSum;      /* Running sum as as a double */
+  double rErr;      /* Error term for Kahan-Babushka-Neumaier summation */
+  i64 iSum;         /* Running sum as a signed integer */
   i64 cnt;          /* Number of elements summed */
-  u8 overflow;      /* True if integer overflow seen */
-  u8 approx;        /* True if non-integer value was input to the sum */
+  u8 approx;        /* True if any non-integer value was input to the sum */
+  u8 ovrfl;         /* Integer overflow seen */
 };
 
+/*
+** Do one step of the Kahan-Babushka-Neumaier summation.
+**
+** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahan_summation_algorithm
+**
+** Variables are marked "volatile" to defeat c89 x86 floating point
+** optimizations can mess up this algorithm.
+*/
+static void kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(
+  volatile SumCtx *pSum,
+  volatile double r
+){
+  volatile double s = pSum->rSum;
+  volatile double t = s + r;
+  if( fabs(s) > fabs(r) ){
+    pSum->rErr += (s - t) + r;
+  }else{
+    pSum->rErr += (r - t) + s;
+  }
+  pSum->rSum = t;
+}
+
+/*
+** Add a (possibly large) integer to the running sum.
+*/
+static void kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(volatile SumCtx *pSum, i64 iVal){
+  if( iVal<=-4503599627370496LL || iVal>=+4503599627370496LL ){
+    i64 iBig, iSm;
+    iSm = iVal % 16384;
+    iBig = iVal - iSm;
+    kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(pSum, iBig);
+    kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(pSum, iSm);
+  }else{
+    kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(pSum, (double)iVal);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Initialize the Kahan-Babaska-Neumaier sum from a 64-bit integer
+*/
+static void kahanBabuskaNeumaierInit(
+  volatile SumCtx *p,
+  i64 iVal
+){
+  if( iVal<=-4503599627370496LL || iVal>=+4503599627370496LL ){
+    i64 iSm = iVal % 16384;
+    p->rSum = (double)(iVal - iSm);
+    p->rErr = (double)iSm;
+  }else{
+    p->rSum = (double)iVal;
+    p->rErr = 0.0;
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Routines used to compute the sum, average, and total.
 **
@@ -1660,15 +1828,29 @@ static void sumStep(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
   type = sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[0]);
   if( p && type!=SQLITE_NULL ){
     p->cnt++;
-    if( type==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
-      i64 v = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
-      p->rSum += v;
-      if( (p->approx|p->overflow)==0 && sqlite3AddInt64(&p->iSum, v) ){
-        p->approx = p->overflow = 1;
+    if( p->approx==0 ){
+      if( type!=SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierInit(p, p->iSum);
+        p->approx = 1;
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(p, sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]));
+      }else{
+        i64 x = p->iSum;
+        if( sqlite3AddInt64(&x, sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]))==0 ){
+          p->iSum = x;
+        }else{
+          p->ovrfl = 1;
+          kahanBabuskaNeumaierInit(p, p->iSum);
+          p->approx = 1;
+          kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]));
+        }
       }
     }else{
-      p->rSum += sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
-      p->approx = 1;
+      if( type==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]));
+      }else{
+        p->ovrfl = 0;
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(p, sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]));
+      }
     }
   }
 }
@@ -1685,13 +1867,18 @@ static void sumInverse(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value**argv){
   if( ALWAYS(p) && type!=SQLITE_NULL ){
     assert( p->cnt>0 );
     p->cnt--;
-    assert( type==SQLITE_INTEGER || p->approx );
-    if( type==SQLITE_INTEGER && p->approx==0 ){
-      i64 v = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
-      p->rSum -= v;
-      p->iSum -= v;
+    if( !p->approx ){
+      p->iSum -= sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
+    }else if( type==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
+      i64 iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
+      if( iVal!=SMALLEST_INT64 ){
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, -iVal);
+      }else{
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, LARGEST_INT64);
+        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, 1);
+      }       
     }else{
-      p->rSum -= sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
+      kahanBabuskaNeumaierStep(p, -sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]));
     }
   }
 }
@@ -1702,10 +1889,14 @@ static void sumFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
   SumCtx *p;
   p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
   if( p && p->cnt>0 ){
-    if( p->overflow ){
-      sqlite3_result_error(context,"integer overflow",-1);
-    }else if( p->approx ){
-      sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rSum);
+    if( p->approx ){
+      if( p->ovrfl ){
+        sqlite3_result_error(context,"integer overflow",-1);
+      }else if( !sqlite3IsNaN(p->rErr) ){
+        sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rSum+p->rErr);
+      }else{
+        sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rSum);
+      }
     }else{
       sqlite3_result_int64(context, p->iSum);
     }
@@ -1715,14 +1906,29 @@ static void avgFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
   SumCtx *p;
   p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
   if( p && p->cnt>0 ){
-    sqlite3_result_double(context, p->rSum/(double)p->cnt);
+    double r;
+    if( p->approx ){
+      r = p->rSum;
+      if( !sqlite3IsNaN(p->rErr) ) r += p->rErr;
+    }else{
+      r = (double)(p->iSum);
+    }
+    sqlite3_result_double(context, r/(double)p->cnt);
   }
 }
 static void totalFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
   SumCtx *p;
+  double r = 0.0;
   p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
-  /* (double)0 In case of SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT... */
-  sqlite3_result_double(context, p ? p->rSum : (double)0);
+  if( p ){
+    if( p->approx ){
+      r = p->rSum;
+      if( !sqlite3IsNaN(p->rErr) ) r += p->rErr;
+    }else{
+      r = (double)(p->iSum);
+    }
+  }
+  sqlite3_result_double(context, r);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1749,13 +1955,13 @@ static void countStep(sqlite3_context *context, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
   /* The sqlite3_aggregate_count() function is deprecated.  But just to make
-  ** sure it still operates correctly, verify that its count agrees with our 
+  ** sure it still operates correctly, verify that its count agrees with our
   ** internal count when using count(*) and when the total count can be
   ** expressed as a 32-bit integer. */
   assert( argc==1 || p==0 || p->n>0x7fffffff || p->bInverse
           || p->n==sqlite3_aggregate_count(context) );
 #endif
-}   
+}  
 static void countFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
   CountCtx *p;
   p = sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, 0);
@@ -1772,7 +1978,7 @@ static void countInverse(sqlite3_context *ctx, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
     p->bInverse = 1;
 #endif
   }
-}   
+}  
 #else
 # define countInverse 0
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC */
@@ -1781,8 +1987,8 @@ static void countInverse(sqlite3_context *ctx, int argc, sqlite3_value **argv){
 ** Routines to implement min() and max() aggregate functions.
 */
 static void minmaxStep(
-  sqlite3_context *context, 
-  int NotUsed, 
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int NotUsed,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
   Mem *pArg  = (Mem *)argv[0];
@@ -1841,6 +2047,7 @@ static void minMaxFinalize(sqlite3_context *context){
 
 /*
 ** group_concat(EXPR, ?SEPARATOR?)
+** string_agg(EXPR, SEPARATOR)
 **
 ** The SEPARATOR goes before the EXPR string.  This is tragic.  The
 ** groupConcatInverse() implementation would have been easier if the
@@ -1944,7 +2151,7 @@ static void groupConcatInverse(
   if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
   pGCC = (GroupConcatCtx*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(context, sizeof(*pGCC));
   /* pGCC is always non-NULL since groupConcatStep() will have always
-  ** run frist to initialize it */
+  ** run first to initialize it */
   if( ALWAYS(pGCC) ){
     int nVS;
     /* Must call sqlite3_value_text() to convert the argument into text prior
@@ -1999,7 +2206,7 @@ static void groupConcatValue(sqlite3_context *context){
       sqlite3_result_error_toobig(context);
     }else if( pAccum->accError==SQLITE_NOMEM ){
       sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
-    }else{    
+    }else{   
       const char *zText = sqlite3_str_value(pAccum);
       sqlite3_result_text(context, zText, pAccum->nChar, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
     }
@@ -2028,8 +2235,10 @@ void sqlite3RegisterPerConnectionBuiltinFunctions(sqlite3 *db){
 ** sensitive.
 */
 void sqlite3RegisterLikeFunctions(sqlite3 *db, int caseSensitive){
+  FuncDef *pDef;
   struct compareInfo *pInfo;
   int flags;
+  int nArg;
   if( caseSensitive ){
     pInfo = (struct compareInfo*)&likeInfoAlt;
     flags = SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE | SQLITE_FUNC_CASE;
@@ -2037,17 +2246,20 @@ void sqlite3RegisterLikeFunctions(sqlite3 *db, int caseSensitive){
     pInfo = (struct compareInfo*)&likeInfoNorm;
     flags = SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE;
   }
-  sqlite3CreateFunc(db, "like", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, pInfo, likeFunc, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-  sqlite3CreateFunc(db, "like", 3, SQLITE_UTF8, pInfo, likeFunc, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-  sqlite3FindFunction(db, "like", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0)->funcFlags |= flags;
-  sqlite3FindFunction(db, "like", 3, SQLITE_UTF8, 0)->funcFlags |= flags;
+  for(nArg=2; nArg<=3; nArg++){
+    sqlite3CreateFunc(db, "like", nArg, SQLITE_UTF8, pInfo, likeFunc, 
+                      0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    pDef = sqlite3FindFunction(db, "like", nArg, SQLITE_UTF8, 0);
+    pDef->funcFlags |= flags;
+    pDef->funcFlags &= ~SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE;
+  }
 }
 
 /*
 ** pExpr points to an expression which implements a function.  If
 ** it is appropriate to apply the LIKE optimization to that function
 ** then set aWc[0] through aWc[2] to the wildcard characters and the
-** escape character and then return TRUE.  If the function is not a 
+** escape character and then return TRUE.  If the function is not a
 ** LIKE-style function then return FALSE.
 **
 ** The expression "a LIKE b ESCAPE c" is only considered a valid LIKE
@@ -2312,6 +2524,37 @@ static void signFunc(
   sqlite3_result_int(context, x<0.0 ? -1 : x>0.0 ? +1 : 0);
 }
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+/*
+** Implementation of fpdecode(x,y,z) function.
+**
+** x is a real number that is to be decoded.  y is the precision.
+** z is the maximum real precision.
+*/
+static void fpdecodeFunc(
+  sqlite3_context *context,
+  int argc,
+  sqlite3_value **argv
+){
+  FpDecode s;
+  double x;
+  int y, z;
+  char zBuf[100];
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
+  assert( argc==3 );
+  x = sqlite3_value_double(argv[0]);
+  y = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
+  z = sqlite3_value_int(argv[2]);
+  sqlite3FpDecode(&s, x, y, z);
+  if( s.isSpecial==2 ){
+    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "NaN");
+  }else{
+    sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%c%.*s/%d", s.sign, s.n, s.z, s.iDP);
+  }
+  sqlite3_result_text(context, zBuf, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
+
 /*
 ** All of the FuncDef structures in the aBuiltinFunc[] array above
 ** to the global function hash table.  This occurs at start-time (as
@@ -2376,12 +2619,16 @@ void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void){
     FUNCTION2(typeof,            1, 0, 0, typeofFunc,  SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF),
     FUNCTION2(subtype,           1, 0, 0, subtypeFunc, SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF),
     FUNCTION2(length,            1, 0, 0, lengthFunc,  SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH),
+    FUNCTION2(octet_length,      1, 0, 0, bytelengthFunc,SQLITE_FUNC_BYTELEN),
     FUNCTION(instr,              2, 0, 0, instrFunc        ),
     FUNCTION(printf,            -1, 0, 0, printfFunc       ),
     FUNCTION(format,            -1, 0, 0, printfFunc       ),
     FUNCTION(unicode,            1, 0, 0, unicodeFunc      ),
     FUNCTION(char,              -1, 0, 0, charFunc         ),
     FUNCTION(abs,                1, 0, 0, absFunc          ),
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+    FUNCTION(fpdecode,           3, 0, 0, fpdecodeFunc     ),
+#endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
     FUNCTION(round,              1, 0, 0, roundFunc        ),
     FUNCTION(round,              2, 0, 0, roundFunc        ),
@@ -2391,6 +2638,11 @@ void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void){
     FUNCTION(hex,                1, 0, 0, hexFunc          ),
     FUNCTION(unhex,              1, 0, 0, unhexFunc        ),
     FUNCTION(unhex,              2, 0, 0, unhexFunc        ),
+    FUNCTION(concat,            -1, 0, 0, concatFunc       ),
+    FUNCTION(concat,             0, 0, 0, 0                ),
+    FUNCTION(concat_ws,         -1, 0, 0, concatwsFunc     ),
+    FUNCTION(concat_ws,          0, 0, 0, 0                ),
+    FUNCTION(concat_ws,          1, 0, 0, 0                ),
     INLINE_FUNC(ifnull,          2, INLINEFUNC_coalesce, 0 ),
     VFUNCTION(random,            0, 0, 0, randomFunc       ),
     VFUNCTION(randomblob,        1, 0, 0, randomBlob       ),
@@ -2411,16 +2663,18 @@ void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(void){
     WAGGREGATE(sum,   1,0,0, sumStep, sumFinalize, sumFinalize, sumInverse, 0),
     WAGGREGATE(total, 1,0,0, sumStep,totalFinalize,totalFinalize,sumInverse, 0),
     WAGGREGATE(avg,   1,0,0, sumStep, avgFinalize, avgFinalize, sumInverse, 0),
-    WAGGREGATE(count, 0,0,0, countStep, 
+    WAGGREGATE(count, 0,0,0, countStep,
         countFinalize, countFinalize, countInverse,
         SQLITE_FUNC_COUNT|SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER  ),
-    WAGGREGATE(count, 1,0,0, countStep, 
+    WAGGREGATE(count, 1,0,0, countStep,
         countFinalize, countFinalize, countInverse, SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER ),
-    WAGGREGATE(group_concat, 1, 0, 0, groupConcatStep, 
+    WAGGREGATE(group_concat, 1, 0, 0, groupConcatStep,
+        groupConcatFinalize, groupConcatValue, groupConcatInverse, 0),
+    WAGGREGATE(group_concat, 2, 0, 0, groupConcatStep,
         groupConcatFinalize, groupConcatValue, groupConcatInverse, 0),
-    WAGGREGATE(group_concat, 2, 0, 0, groupConcatStep, 
+    WAGGREGATE(string_agg,   2, 0, 0, groupConcatStep,
         groupConcatFinalize, groupConcatValue, groupConcatInverse, 0),
-  
+ 
     LIKEFUNC(glob, 2, &globInfo, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE|SQLITE_FUNC_CASE),
 #ifdef SQLITE_CASE_SENSITIVE_LIKE
     LIKEFUNC(like, 2, &likeInfoAlt, SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE|SQLITE_FUNC_CASE),
diff --git a/sqlite/src/global.c b/sqlite/src/global.c
index fcba7d7f..60cd13e2 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/global.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/global.c
@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ SQLITE_WSD struct Sqlite3Config sqlite3Config = {
    SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN,   /* bUseCis */
    0,                         /* bSmallMalloc */
    1,                         /* bExtraSchemaChecks */
+   sizeof(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE)>8, /* bUseLongDouble */
    0x7ffffffe,                /* mxStrlen */
    0,                         /* neverCorrupt */
    SQLITE_DEFAULT_LOOKASIDE,  /* szLookaside, nLookaside */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/hash.c b/sqlite/src/hash.c
index 1f0062a8..8ec043f1 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/hash.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/hash.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ static void insertElement(
 }
 
 
-/* Resize the hash table so that it cantains "new_size" buckets.
+/* Resize the hash table so that it contains "new_size" buckets.
 **
 ** The hash table might fail to resize if sqlite3_malloc() fails or
 ** if the new size is the same as the prior size.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/hwtime.h b/sqlite/src/hwtime.h
index d27204a6..f808fa40 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/hwtime.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/hwtime.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #define SQLITE_HWTIME_H
 
 /*
-** The following routine only works on pentium-class (or newer) processors.
+** The following routine only works on Pentium-class (or newer) processors.
 ** It uses the RDTSC opcode to read the cycle count value out of the
 ** processor and returns that value.  This can be used for high-res
 ** profiling.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/insert.c b/sqlite/src/insert.c
index 423af772..1c31ca23 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/insert.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/insert.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include "sqliteInt.h"
 
 /*
-** Generate code that will 
+** Generate code that will
 **
 **   (1) acquire a lock for table pTab then
 **   (2) open pTab as cursor iCur.
@@ -35,8 +35,10 @@ void sqlite3OpenTable(
   assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 );
   v = pParse->pVdbe;
   assert( opcode==OP_OpenWrite || opcode==OP_OpenRead );
-  sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, 
-                   (opcode==OP_OpenWrite)?1:0, pTab->zName);
+  if( !pParse->db->noSharedCache ){
+    sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum,
+                     (opcode==OP_OpenWrite)?1:0, pTab->zName);
+  }
   if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, opcode, iCur, pTab->tnum, iDb, pTab->nNVCol);
     VdbeComment((v, "%s", pTab->zName));
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ void sqlite3OpenTable(
 
 /*
 ** Return a pointer to the column affinity string associated with index
-** pIdx. A column affinity string has one character for each column in 
+** pIdx. A column affinity string has one character for each column in
 ** the table, according to the affinity of the column:
 **
 **  Character      Column affinity
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@ char *sqlite3TableAffinityStr(sqlite3 *db, const Table *pTab){
       zColAff[j--] = 0;
     }while( j>=0 && zColAff[j]<=SQLITE_AFF_BLOB );
   }
-  return zColAff;  
+  return zColAff; 
 }
 
 /*
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ char *sqlite3TableAffinityStr(sqlite3 *db, const Table *pTab){
 ** For STRICT tables:
 ** ------------------
 **
-** Generate an appropropriate OP_TypeCheck opcode that will verify the
+** Generate an appropriate OP_TypeCheck opcode that will verify the
 ** datatypes against the column definitions in pTab.  If iReg==0, that
 ** means an OP_MakeRecord opcode has already been generated and should be
 ** the last opcode generated.  The new OP_TypeCheck needs to be inserted
@@ -220,9 +222,9 @@ void sqlite3TableAffinity(Vdbe *v, Table *pTab, int iReg){
 
 /*
 ** Return non-zero if the table pTab in database iDb or any of its indices
-** have been opened at any point in the VDBE program. This is used to see if 
-** a statement of the form  "INSERT INTO <iDb, pTab> SELECT ..." can 
-** run without using a temporary table for the results of the SELECT. 
+** have been opened at any point in the VDBE program. This is used to see if
+** a statement of the form  "INSERT INTO <iDb, pTab> SELECT ..." can
+** run without using a temporary table for the results of the SELECT.
 */
 static int readsTable(Parse *p, int iDb, Table *pTab){
   Vdbe *v = sqlite3GetVdbe(p);
@@ -450,7 +452,7 @@ static int autoIncBegin(
 
 /*
 ** This routine generates code that will initialize all of the
-** register used by the autoincrement tracker.  
+** register used by the autoincrement tracker. 
 */
 void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse){
   AutoincInfo *p;            /* Information about an AUTOINCREMENT */
@@ -479,7 +481,7 @@ void sqlite3AutoincrementBegin(Parse *pParse){
       /* 8  */ {OP_Goto,    0, 11, 0},
       /* 9  */ {OP_Next,    0,  2, 0},
       /* 10 */ {OP_Integer, 0,  0, 0},
-      /* 11 */ {OP_Close,   0,  0, 0} 
+      /* 11 */ {OP_Close,   0,  0, 0}
     };
     VdbeOp *aOp;
     pDb = &db->aDb[p->iDb];
@@ -817,7 +819,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
   **
   ** This is the 2nd template.
   */
-  if( pColumn==0 
+  if( pColumn==0
    && pSelect!=0
    && pTrigger==0
    && xferOptimization(pParse, pTab, pSelect, onError, iDb)
@@ -845,7 +847,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
   regData = regRowid+1;
 
   /* If the INSERT statement included an IDLIST term, then make sure
-  ** all elements of the IDLIST really are columns of the table and 
+  ** all elements of the IDLIST really are columns of the table and
   ** remember the column indices.
   **
   ** If the table has an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column and that column
@@ -880,7 +882,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
           }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
           if( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & (COLFLAG_STORED|COLFLAG_VIRTUAL) ){
-            sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+            sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
                "cannot INSERT into generated column \"%s\"",
                pTab->aCol[j].zCnName);
             goto insert_cleanup;
@@ -937,7 +939,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
     ** the destination table (template 3).
     **
     ** A temp table must be used if the table being updated is also one
-    ** of the tables being read by the SELECT statement.  Also use a 
+    ** of the tables being read by the SELECT statement.  Also use a
     ** temp table in the case of row triggers.
     */
     if( pTrigger || readsTable(pParse, iDb, pTab) ){
@@ -973,7 +975,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
       sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regTempRowid);
     }
   }else{
-    /* This is the case if the data for the INSERT is coming from a 
+    /* This is the case if the data for the INSERT is coming from a
     ** single-row VALUES clause
     */
     NameContext sNC;
@@ -992,7 +994,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
   }
 
   /* If there is no IDLIST term but the table has an integer primary
-  ** key, the set the ipkColumn variable to the integer primary key 
+  ** key, the set the ipkColumn variable to the integer primary key
   ** column index in the original table definition.
   */
   if( pColumn==0 && nColumn>0 ){
@@ -1023,7 +1025,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
       }
     }
     if( nColumn!=(pTab->nCol-nHidden) ){
-      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
          "table %S has %d columns but %d values were supplied",
          pTabList->a, pTab->nCol-nHidden, nColumn);
      goto insert_cleanup;
@@ -1033,7 +1035,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "%d values for %d columns", nColumn, pColumn->nId);
     goto insert_cleanup;
   }
-    
+   
   /* Initialize the count of rows to be inserted
   */
   if( (db->flags & SQLITE_CountRows)!=0
@@ -1168,7 +1170,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
       }else if( pColumn==0 ){
         /* Hidden columns that are not explicitly named in the INSERT
         ** get there default value */
-        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, 
+        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse,
             sqlite3ColumnExpr(pTab, &pTab->aCol[i]),
             iRegStore);
         continue;
@@ -1180,7 +1182,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
       if( j>=pColumn->nId ){
         /* A column not named in the insert column list gets its
         ** default value */
-        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, 
+        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse,
             sqlite3ColumnExpr(pTab, &pTab->aCol[i]),
             iRegStore);
         continue;
@@ -1188,7 +1190,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
       k = j;
     }else if( nColumn==0 ){
       /* This is INSERT INTO ... DEFAULT VALUES.  Load the default value. */
-      sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse, 
+      sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse,
           sqlite3ColumnExpr(pTab, &pTab->aCol[i]),
           iRegStore);
       continue;
@@ -1197,7 +1199,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
     }
 
     if( useTempTable ){
-      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, k, iRegStore); 
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, srcTab, k, iRegStore);
     }else if( pSelect ){
       if( regFromSelect!=regData ){
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SCopy, regFromSelect+k, iRegStore);
@@ -1268,7 +1270,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
     }
 
     /* Fire BEFORE or INSTEAD OF triggers */
-    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_INSERT, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE, 
+    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_INSERT, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE,
         pTab, regCols-pTab->nCol-1, onError, endOfLoop);
 
     sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regCols, pTab->nCol+1);
@@ -1353,7 +1355,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
       ** constraints or (b) there are no triggers and this table is not a
       ** parent table in a foreign key constraint. It is safe to set the
       ** flag in the second case as if any REPLACE constraint is hit, an
-      ** OP_Delete or OP_IdxDelete instruction will be executed on each 
+      ** OP_Delete or OP_IdxDelete instruction will be executed on each
       ** cursor that is disturbed. And these instructions both clear the
       ** VdbeCursor.seekResult variable, disabling the OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT
       ** functionality.  */
@@ -1379,7 +1381,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
 
   if( pTrigger ){
     /* Code AFTER triggers */
-    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_INSERT, 0, TRIGGER_AFTER, 
+    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_INSERT, 0, TRIGGER_AFTER,
         pTab, regData-2-pTab->nCol, onError, endOfLoop);
   }
 
@@ -1417,7 +1419,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
   }
 
   /*
-  ** Return the number of rows inserted. If this routine is 
+  ** Return the number of rows inserted. If this routine is
   ** generating code because of a call to sqlite3NestedParse(), do not
   ** invoke the callback function.
   */
@@ -1448,7 +1450,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Meanings of bits in of pWalker->eCode for 
+** Meanings of bits in of pWalker->eCode for
 ** sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn()
 */
 #define CKCNSTRNT_COLUMN   0x01    /* CHECK constraint uses a changing column */
@@ -1457,7 +1459,7 @@ void sqlite3Insert(
 /* This is the Walker callback from sqlite3ExprReferencesUpdatedColumn().
 *  Set bit 0x01 of pWalker->eCode if pWalker->eCode to 0 and if this
 ** expression node references any of the
-** columns that are being modifed by an UPDATE statement.
+** columns that are being modified by an UPDATE statement.
 */
 static int checkConstraintExprNode(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   if( pExpr->op==TK_COLUMN ){
@@ -1529,7 +1531,7 @@ struct IndexIterator {
   union {
     struct {    /* Use this object for eType==0: A Index.pNext list */
       Index *pIdx;   /* The current Index */
-    } lx;      
+    } lx;     
     struct {    /* Use this object for eType==1; Array of IndexListTerm */
       int nIdx;               /* Size of the array */
       IndexListTerm *aIdx;    /* Array of IndexListTerms */
@@ -1573,7 +1575,7 @@ static Index *indexIteratorNext(IndexIterator *pIter, int *pIx){
     return pIter->u.lx.pIdx;
   }
 }
-  
+ 
 /*
 ** Generate code to do constraint checks prior to an INSERT or an UPDATE
 ** on table pTab.
@@ -1680,7 +1682,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
   int *aiChng,         /* column i is unchanged if aiChng[i]<0 */
   Upsert *pUpsert      /* ON CONFLICT clauses, if any.  NULL otherwise */
 ){
-  Vdbe *v;             /* VDBE under constrution */
+  Vdbe *v;             /* VDBE under construction */
   Index *pIdx;         /* Pointer to one of the indices */
   Index *pPk = 0;      /* The PRIMARY KEY index for WITHOUT ROWID tables */
   sqlite3 *db;         /* Database connection */
@@ -1712,9 +1714,9 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
   assert( v!=0 );
   assert( !IsView(pTab) );  /* This table is not a VIEW */
   nCol = pTab->nCol;
-  
+ 
   /* pPk is the PRIMARY KEY index for WITHOUT ROWID tables and NULL for
-  ** normal rowid tables.  nPkField is the number of key fields in the 
+  ** normal rowid tables.  nPkField is the number of key fields in the
   ** pPk index or 1 for a rowid table.  In other words, nPkField is the
   ** number of fields in the true primary key of the table. */
   if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
@@ -2091,10 +2093,10 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
         ** the triggers and remove both the table and index b-tree entries.
         **
         ** Otherwise, if there are no triggers or the recursive-triggers
-        ** flag is not set, but the table has one or more indexes, call 
-        ** GenerateRowIndexDelete(). This removes the index b-tree entries 
-        ** only. The table b-tree entry will be replaced by the new entry 
-        ** when it is inserted.  
+        ** flag is not set, but the table has one or more indexes, call
+        ** GenerateRowIndexDelete(). This removes the index b-tree entries
+        ** only. The table b-tree entry will be replaced by the new entry
+        ** when it is inserted. 
         **
         ** If either GenerateRowDelete() or GenerateRowIndexDelete() is called,
         ** also invoke MultiWrite() to indicate that this VDBE may require
@@ -2163,7 +2165,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
       pIdx;
       pIdx = indexIteratorNext(&sIdxIter, &ix)
   ){
-    int regIdx;          /* Range of registers hold conent for pIdx */
+    int regIdx;          /* Range of registers holding content for pIdx */
     int regR;            /* Range of registers holding conflicting PK */
     int iThisCur;        /* Cursor for this UNIQUE index */
     int addrUniqueOk;    /* Jump here if the UNIQUE constraint is satisfied */
@@ -2226,7 +2228,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
 #endif
     sqlite3VdbeReleaseRegisters(pParse, regIdx, pIdx->nColumn, 0, 0);
 
-    /* In an UPDATE operation, if this index is the PRIMARY KEY index 
+    /* In an UPDATE operation, if this index is the PRIMARY KEY index
     ** of a WITHOUT ROWID table and there has been no change the
     ** primary key, then no collision is possible.  The collision detection
     ** logic below can all be skipped. */
@@ -2237,7 +2239,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
 
     /* Find out what action to take in case there is a uniqueness conflict */
     onError = pIdx->onError;
-    if( onError==OE_None ){ 
+    if( onError==OE_None ){
       sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
       continue;  /* pIdx is not a UNIQUE index */
     }
@@ -2283,7 +2285,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
 
     /* Check to see if the new index entry will be unique */
     sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(v, onError);
-    addrConflictCk = 
+    addrConflictCk =
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_NoConflict, iThisCur, addrUniqueOk,
                            regIdx, pIdx->nKeyCol); VdbeCoverage(v);
 
@@ -2313,7 +2315,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
           }
         }
         if( isUpdate ){
-          /* If currently processing the PRIMARY KEY of a WITHOUT ROWID 
+          /* If currently processing the PRIMARY KEY of a WITHOUT ROWID
           ** table, only conflict if the new PRIMARY KEY values are actually
           ** different from the old.  See TH3 withoutrowid04.test.
           **
@@ -2323,7 +2325,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
           int addrJump = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+pPk->nKeyCol;
           int op = OP_Ne;
           int regCmp = (IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx) ? regIdx : regR);
-  
+ 
           for(i=0; i<pPk->nKeyCol; i++){
             char *p4 = (char*)sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, pPk->azColl[i]);
             x = pPk->aiColumn[i];
@@ -2333,7 +2335,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
               op = OP_Eq;
             }
             x = sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab, x);
-            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, op, 
+            sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, op,
                 regOldData+1+x, addrJump, regCmp+i, p4, P4_COLLSEQ
             );
             sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, SQLITE_NOTNULL);
@@ -2443,7 +2445,7 @@ void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(
     }
     sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrUniqueOk);
     if( regR!=regIdx ) sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regR, nPkField);
-    if( pUpsertClause 
+    if( pUpsertClause
      && upsertIpkReturn
      && sqlite3UpsertNextIsIPK(pUpsertClause)
     ){
@@ -2658,6 +2660,8 @@ int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(
 
   assert( op==OP_OpenRead || op==OP_OpenWrite );
   assert( op==OP_OpenWrite || p5==0 );
+  assert( piDataCur!=0 );
+  assert( piIdxCur!=0 );
   if( IsVirtual(pTab) ){
     /* This routine is a no-op for virtual tables. Leave the output
     ** variables *piDataCur and *piIdxCur set to illegal cursor numbers
@@ -2670,18 +2674,18 @@ int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(
   assert( v!=0 );
   if( iBase<0 ) iBase = pParse->nTab;
   iDataCur = iBase++;
-  if( piDataCur ) *piDataCur = iDataCur;
+  *piDataCur = iDataCur;
   if( HasRowid(pTab) && (aToOpen==0 || aToOpen[0]) ){
     sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iDataCur, iDb, pTab, op);
-  }else{
+  }else if( pParse->db->noSharedCache==0 ){
     sqlite3TableLock(pParse, iDb, pTab->tnum, op==OP_OpenWrite, pTab->zName);
   }
-  if( piIdxCur ) *piIdxCur = iBase;
+  *piIdxCur = iBase;
   for(i=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, i++){
     int iIdxCur = iBase++;
     assert( pIdx->pSchema==pTab->pSchema );
     if( IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx) && !HasRowid(pTab) ){
-      if( piDataCur ) *piDataCur = iIdxCur;
+      *piDataCur = iIdxCur;
       p5 = 0;
     }
     if( aToOpen==0 || aToOpen[i+1] ){
@@ -2760,7 +2764,7 @@ static int xferCompatibleIndex(Index *pDest, Index *pSrc){
 **
 **     INSERT INTO tab1 SELECT * FROM tab2;
 **
-** The xfer optimization transfers raw records from tab2 over to tab1.  
+** The xfer optimization transfers raw records from tab2 over to tab1. 
 ** Columns are not decoded and reassembled, which greatly improves
 ** performance.  Raw index records are transferred in the same way.
 **
@@ -2888,8 +2892,8 @@ static int xferOptimization(
     Column *pDestCol = &pDest->aCol[i];
     Column *pSrcCol = &pSrc->aCol[i];
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
-    if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0 
-     && (pDestCol->colFlags | pSrcCol->colFlags) & COLFLAG_HIDDEN 
+    if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0
+     && (pDestCol->colFlags | pSrcCol->colFlags) & COLFLAG_HIDDEN
     ){
       return 0;    /* Neither table may have __hidden__ columns */
     }
@@ -2906,7 +2910,7 @@ static int xferOptimization(
     **
     ** Nevertheless, this is a useful notational shorthand to tell SQLite
     ** to do a bulk transfer all of the content from t1 over to t2.
-    ** 
+    **
     ** We could, in theory, disable this (except for internal use by the
     ** VACUUM command where it is actually needed).  But why do that?  It
     ** seems harmless enough, and provides a useful service.
@@ -2932,7 +2936,7 @@ static int xferOptimization(
     if( pDestCol->affinity!=pSrcCol->affinity ){
       return 0;    /* Affinity must be the same on all columns */
     }
-    if( sqlite3_stricmp(sqlite3ColumnColl(pDestCol), 
+    if( sqlite3_stricmp(sqlite3ColumnColl(pDestCol),
                         sqlite3ColumnColl(pSrcCol))!=0 ){
       return 0;    /* Collating sequence must be the same on all columns */
     }
@@ -2947,7 +2951,7 @@ static int xferOptimization(
       assert( pDestExpr==0 || !ExprHasProperty(pDestExpr, EP_IntValue) );
       assert( pSrcExpr==0 || pSrcExpr->op==TK_SPAN );
       assert( pSrcExpr==0 || !ExprHasProperty(pSrcExpr, EP_IntValue) );
-      if( (pDestExpr==0)!=(pSrcExpr==0) 
+      if( (pDestExpr==0)!=(pSrcExpr==0)
        || (pDestExpr!=0 && strcmp(pDestExpr->u.zToken,
                                        pSrcExpr->u.zToken)!=0)
       ){
@@ -2979,9 +2983,9 @@ static int xferOptimization(
   }
 #endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
-  /* Disallow the transfer optimization if the destination table constains
+  /* Disallow the transfer optimization if the destination table contains
   ** any foreign key constraints.  This is more restrictive than necessary.
-  ** But the main beneficiary of the transfer optimization is the VACUUM 
+  ** But the main beneficiary of the transfer optimization is the VACUUM
   ** command, and the VACUUM command disables foreign key constraints.  So
   ** the extra complication to make this rule less restrictive is probably
   ** not worth the effort.  Ticket [6284df89debdfa61db8073e062908af0c9b6118e]
@@ -3030,7 +3034,7 @@ static int xferOptimization(
     **     (If the destination is not initially empty, the rowid fields
     **     of index entries might need to change.)
     **
-    ** (2) The destination has a unique index.  (The xfer optimization 
+    ** (2) The destination has a unique index.  (The xfer optimization
     **     is unable to test uniqueness.)
     **
     ** (3) onError is something other than OE_Abort and OE_Rollback.
@@ -3106,14 +3110,14 @@ static int xferOptimization(
       /* This INSERT command is part of a VACUUM operation, which guarantees
       ** that the destination table is empty. If all indexed columns use
       ** collation sequence BINARY, then it can also be assumed that the
-      ** index will be populated by inserting keys in strictly sorted 
+      ** index will be populated by inserting keys in strictly sorted
       ** order. In this case, instead of seeking within the b-tree as part
       ** of every OP_IdxInsert opcode, an OP_SeekEnd is added before the
-      ** OP_IdxInsert to seek to the point within the b-tree where each key 
+      ** OP_IdxInsert to seek to the point within the b-tree where each key
       ** should be inserted. This is faster.
       **
       ** If any of the indexed columns use a collation sequence other than
-      ** BINARY, this optimization is disabled. This is because the user 
+      ** BINARY, this optimization is disabled. This is because the user
       ** might change the definition of a collation sequence and then run
       ** a VACUUM command. In that case keys may not be written in strictly
       ** sorted order.  */
@@ -3131,9 +3135,9 @@ static int xferOptimization(
     }
     if( idxInsFlags!=(OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT|OPFLAG_PREFORMAT) ){
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_RowData, iSrc, regData, 1);
-      if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0 
-       && !HasRowid(pDest) 
-       && IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pDestIdx) 
+      if( (db->mDbFlags & DBFLAG_Vacuum)==0
+       && !HasRowid(pDest)
+       && IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pDestIdx)
       ){
         codeWithoutRowidPreupdate(pParse, pDest, iDest, regData);
       }
diff --git a/sqlite/src/json.c b/sqlite/src/json.c
index 8735634c..c2129a02 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/json.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/json.c
@@ -30,25 +30,51 @@
 ** increase for the parser.  (Ubuntu14.10 gcc 4.8.4 x64 with -Os).
 */
 static const char jsonIsSpace[] = {
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 };
 #define fast_isspace(x) (jsonIsSpace[(unsigned char)x])
 
+/*
+** Characters that are special to JSON.  Control charaters,
+** '"' and '\\'.
+*/
+static const char jsonIsOk[256] = {
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
+};
+
+
 #if !defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST)
 #  define VVA(X)
 #else
@@ -59,6 +85,7 @@ static const char jsonIsSpace[] = {
 typedef struct JsonString JsonString;
 typedef struct JsonNode JsonNode;
 typedef struct JsonParse JsonParse;
+typedef struct JsonCleanup JsonCleanup;
 
 /* An instance of this object represents a JSON string
 ** under construction.  Really, this is a generic string accumulator
@@ -74,16 +101,26 @@ struct JsonString {
   char zSpace[100];        /* Initial static space */
 };
 
+/* A deferred cleanup task.  A list of JsonCleanup objects might be
+** run when the JsonParse object is destroyed.
+*/
+struct JsonCleanup {
+  JsonCleanup *pJCNext;    /* Next in a list */
+  void (*xOp)(void*);      /* Routine to run */
+  void *pArg;              /* Argument to xOp() */
+};
+
 /* JSON type values
 */
-#define JSON_NULL     0
-#define JSON_TRUE     1
-#define JSON_FALSE    2
-#define JSON_INT      3
-#define JSON_REAL     4
-#define JSON_STRING   5
-#define JSON_ARRAY    6
-#define JSON_OBJECT   7
+#define JSON_SUBST    0    /* Special edit node.  Uses u.iPrev */
+#define JSON_NULL     1
+#define JSON_TRUE     2
+#define JSON_FALSE    3
+#define JSON_INT      4
+#define JSON_REAL     5
+#define JSON_STRING   6
+#define JSON_ARRAY    7
+#define JSON_OBJECT   8
 
 /* The "subtype" set for JSON values */
 #define JSON_SUBTYPE  74    /* Ascii for "J" */
@@ -92,52 +129,87 @@ struct JsonString {
 ** Names of the various JSON types:
 */
 static const char * const jsonType[] = {
+  "subst",
   "null", "true", "false", "integer", "real", "text", "array", "object"
 };
 
 /* Bit values for the JsonNode.jnFlag field
 */
-#define JNODE_RAW     0x01         /* Content is raw, not JSON encoded */
-#define JNODE_ESCAPE  0x02         /* Content is text with \ escapes */
-#define JNODE_REMOVE  0x04         /* Do not output */
-#define JNODE_REPLACE 0x08         /* Replace with JsonNode.u.iReplace */
-#define JNODE_PATCH   0x10         /* Patch with JsonNode.u.pPatch */
-#define JNODE_APPEND  0x20         /* More ARRAY/OBJECT entries at u.iAppend */
-#define JNODE_LABEL   0x40         /* Is a label of an object */
-#define JNODE_JSON5   0x80         /* Node contains JSON5 enhancements */
+#define JNODE_RAW     0x01  /* Content is raw, not JSON encoded */
+#define JNODE_ESCAPE  0x02  /* Content is text with \ escapes */
+#define JNODE_REMOVE  0x04  /* Do not output */
+#define JNODE_REPLACE 0x08  /* Target of a JSON_SUBST node */
+#define JNODE_APPEND  0x10  /* More ARRAY/OBJECT entries at u.iAppend */
+#define JNODE_LABEL   0x20  /* Is a label of an object */
+#define JNODE_JSON5   0x40  /* Node contains JSON5 enhancements */
 
 
-/* A single node of parsed JSON
+/* A single node of parsed JSON.  An array of these nodes describes
+** a parse of JSON + edits.
+**
+** Use the json_parse() SQL function (available when compiled with
+** -DSQLITE_DEBUG) to see a dump of complete JsonParse objects, including
+** a complete listing and decoding of the array of JsonNodes.
 */
 struct JsonNode {
   u8 eType;              /* One of the JSON_ type values */
   u8 jnFlags;            /* JNODE flags */
   u8 eU;                 /* Which union element to use */
-  u32 n;                 /* Bytes of content, or number of sub-nodes */
+  u32 n;                 /* Bytes of content for INT, REAL or STRING
+                         ** Number of sub-nodes for ARRAY and OBJECT
+                         ** Node that SUBST applies to */
   union {
     const char *zJContent; /* 1: Content for INT, REAL, and STRING */
     u32 iAppend;           /* 2: More terms for ARRAY and OBJECT */
     u32 iKey;              /* 3: Key for ARRAY objects in json_tree() */
-    u32 iReplace;          /* 4: Replacement content for JNODE_REPLACE */
-    JsonNode *pPatch;      /* 5: Node chain of patch for JNODE_PATCH */
+    u32 iPrev;             /* 4: Previous SUBST node, or 0 */
   } u;
 };
 
-/* A completely parsed JSON string
+
+/* A parsed and possibly edited JSON string.  Lifecycle:
+**
+**   1.  JSON comes in and is parsed into an array aNode[].  The original
+**       JSON text is stored in zJson.
+**
+**   2.  Zero or more changes are made (via json_remove() or json_replace()
+**       or similar) to the aNode[] array.
+**
+**   3.  A new, edited and mimified JSON string is generated from aNode
+**       and stored in zAlt.  The JsonParse object always owns zAlt.
+**
+** Step 1 always happens.  Step 2 and 3 may or may not happen, depending
+** on the operation.
+**
+** aNode[].u.zJContent entries typically point into zJson.  Hence zJson
+** must remain valid for the lifespan of the parse.  For edits,
+** aNode[].u.zJContent might point to malloced space other than zJson.
+** Entries in pClup are responsible for freeing that extra malloced space.
+**
+** When walking the parse tree in aNode[], edits are ignored if useMod is
+** false.
 */
 struct JsonParse {
   u32 nNode;         /* Number of slots of aNode[] used */
   u32 nAlloc;        /* Number of slots of aNode[] allocated */
   JsonNode *aNode;   /* Array of nodes containing the parse */
-  const char *zJson; /* Original JSON string */
+  char *zJson;       /* Original JSON string (before edits) */
+  char *zAlt;        /* Revised and/or mimified JSON */
   u32 *aUp;          /* Index of parent of each node */
+  JsonCleanup *pClup;/* Cleanup operations prior to freeing this object */
   u16 iDepth;        /* Nesting depth */
   u8 nErr;           /* Number of errors seen */
   u8 oom;            /* Set to true if out of memory */
+  u8 bJsonIsRCStr;   /* True if zJson is an RCStr */
   u8 hasNonstd;      /* True if input uses non-standard features like JSON5 */
+  u8 useMod;         /* Actually use the edits contain inside aNode */
+  u8 hasMod;         /* aNode contains edits from the original zJson */
+  u32 nJPRef;        /* Number of references to this object */
   int nJson;         /* Length of the zJson string in bytes */
+  int nAlt;          /* Length of alternative JSON string zAlt, in bytes */
   u32 iErr;          /* Error location in zJson[] */
-  u32 iHold;         /* Replace cache line with the lowest iHold value */
+  u32 iSubst;        /* Last JSON_SUBST entry in aNode[] */
+  u32 iHold;         /* Age of this entry in the cache for LRU replacement */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -170,17 +242,15 @@ static void jsonInit(JsonString *p, sqlite3_context *pCtx){
   jsonZero(p);
 }
 
-
 /* Free all allocated memory and reset the JsonString object back to its
 ** initial state.
 */
 static void jsonReset(JsonString *p){
-  if( !p->bStatic ) sqlite3_free(p->zBuf);
+  if( !p->bStatic ) sqlite3RCStrUnref(p->zBuf);
   jsonZero(p);
 }
 
-
-/* Report an out-of-memory (OOM) condition 
+/* Report an out-of-memory (OOM) condition
 */
 static void jsonOom(JsonString *p){
   p->bErr = 1;
@@ -196,7 +266,7 @@ static int jsonGrow(JsonString *p, u32 N){
   char *zNew;
   if( p->bStatic ){
     if( p->bErr ) return 1;
-    zNew = sqlite3_malloc64(nTotal);
+    zNew = sqlite3RCStrNew(nTotal);
     if( zNew==0 ){
       jsonOom(p);
       return SQLITE_NOMEM;
@@ -205,12 +275,12 @@ static int jsonGrow(JsonString *p, u32 N){
     p->zBuf = zNew;
     p->bStatic = 0;
   }else{
-    zNew = sqlite3_realloc64(p->zBuf, nTotal);
-    if( zNew==0 ){
-      jsonOom(p);
+    p->zBuf = sqlite3RCStrResize(p->zBuf, nTotal);
+    if( p->zBuf==0 ){
+      p->bErr = 1;
+      jsonZero(p);
       return SQLITE_NOMEM;
     }
-    p->zBuf = zNew;
   }
   p->nAlloc = nTotal;
   return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -218,12 +288,35 @@ static int jsonGrow(JsonString *p, u32 N){
 
 /* Append N bytes from zIn onto the end of the JsonString string.
 */
-static void jsonAppendRaw(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
-  if( N==0 ) return;
-  if( (N+p->nUsed >= p->nAlloc) && jsonGrow(p,N)!=0 ) return;
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE void jsonAppendExpand(
+  JsonString *p,
+  const char *zIn,
+  u32 N
+){
+  assert( N>0 );
+  if( jsonGrow(p,N) ) return;
   memcpy(p->zBuf+p->nUsed, zIn, N);
   p->nUsed += N;
 }
+static void jsonAppendRaw(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
+  if( N==0 ) return;
+  if( N+p->nUsed >= p->nAlloc ){
+    jsonAppendExpand(p,zIn,N);
+  }else{
+    memcpy(p->zBuf+p->nUsed, zIn, N);
+    p->nUsed += N;
+  }
+}
+static void jsonAppendRawNZ(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
+  assert( N>0 );
+  if( N+p->nUsed >= p->nAlloc ){
+    jsonAppendExpand(p,zIn,N);
+  }else{
+    memcpy(p->zBuf+p->nUsed, zIn, N);
+    p->nUsed += N;
+  }
+}
+
 
 /* Append formatted text (not to exceed N bytes) to the JsonString.
 */
@@ -238,10 +331,35 @@ static void jsonPrintf(int N, JsonString *p, const char *zFormat, ...){
 
 /* Append a single character
 */
-static void jsonAppendChar(JsonString *p, char c){
-  if( p->nUsed>=p->nAlloc && jsonGrow(p,1)!=0 ) return;
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE void jsonAppendCharExpand(JsonString *p, char c){
+  if( jsonGrow(p,1) ) return;
   p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = c;
 }
+static void jsonAppendChar(JsonString *p, char c){
+  if( p->nUsed>=p->nAlloc ){
+    jsonAppendCharExpand(p,c);
+  }else{
+    p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = c;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Try to force the string to be a zero-terminated RCStr string.
+**
+** Return true on success.  Return false if an OOM prevents this
+** from happening.
+*/
+static int jsonForceRCStr(JsonString *p){
+  jsonAppendChar(p, 0);
+  if( p->bErr ) return 0;
+  p->nUsed--;
+  if( p->bStatic==0 ) return 1;
+  p->nAlloc = 0;
+  p->nUsed++;
+  jsonGrow(p, p->nUsed);
+  p->nUsed--;
+  return p->bStatic==0;
+}
+
 
 /* Append a comma separator to the output buffer, if the previous
 ** character is not '[' or '{'.
@@ -250,7 +368,8 @@ static void jsonAppendSeparator(JsonString *p){
   char c;
   if( p->nUsed==0 ) return;
   c = p->zBuf[p->nUsed-1];
-  if( c!='[' && c!='{' ) jsonAppendChar(p, ',');
+  if( c=='[' || c=='{' ) return;
+  jsonAppendChar(p, ',');
 }
 
 /* Append the N-byte string in zIn to the end of the JsonString string
@@ -264,11 +383,16 @@ static void jsonAppendString(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
   p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = '"';
   for(i=0; i<N; i++){
     unsigned char c = ((unsigned const char*)zIn)[i];
-    if( c=='"' || c=='\\' ){
+    if( jsonIsOk[c] ){
+      p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = c;
+    }else if( c=='"' || c=='\\' ){
       json_simple_escape:
       if( (p->nUsed+N+3-i > p->nAlloc) && jsonGrow(p,N+3-i)!=0 ) return;
       p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = '\\';
-    }else if( c<=0x1f ){
+      p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = c;
+    }else if( c=='\'' ){
+      p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = c;
+    }else{
       static const char aSpecial[] = {
          0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 'b', 't', 'n', 0, 'f', 'r', 0, 0,
          0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,   0,   0,   0, 0,   0,   0, 0, 0
@@ -279,6 +403,7 @@ static void jsonAppendString(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
       assert( aSpecial['\n']=='n' );
       assert( aSpecial['\r']=='r' );
       assert( aSpecial['\t']=='t' );
+      assert( c>=0 && c<sizeof(aSpecial) );
       if( aSpecial[c] ){
         c = aSpecial[c];
         goto json_simple_escape;
@@ -288,10 +413,9 @@ static void jsonAppendString(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
       p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = 'u';
       p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = '0';
       p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = '0';
-      p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = '0' + (c>>4);
-      c = "0123456789abcdef"[c&0xf];
+      p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = "0123456789abcdef"[c>>4];
+      p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = "0123456789abcdef"[c&0xf];
     }
-    p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = c;
   }
   p->zBuf[p->nUsed++] = '"';
   assert( p->nUsed<p->nAlloc );
@@ -310,10 +434,10 @@ static void jsonAppendNormalizedString(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
   while( N>0 ){
     for(i=0; i<N && zIn[i]!='\\'; i++){}
     if( i>0 ){
-      jsonAppendRaw(p, zIn, i);
+      jsonAppendRawNZ(p, zIn, i);
       zIn += i;
       N -= i;
-      if( N==0 ) break;     
+      if( N==0 ) break;
     }
     assert( zIn[0]=='\\' );
     switch( (u8)zIn[1] ){
@@ -321,16 +445,16 @@ static void jsonAppendNormalizedString(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
         jsonAppendChar(p, '\'');
         break;
       case 'v':
-        jsonAppendRaw(p, "\\u0009", 6);
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(p, "\\u0009", 6);
         break;
       case 'x':
-        jsonAppendRaw(p, "\\u00", 4);
-        jsonAppendRaw(p, &zIn[2], 2);
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(p, "\\u00", 4);
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(p, &zIn[2], 2);
         zIn += 2;
         N -= 2;
         break;
       case '0':
-        jsonAppendRaw(p, "\\u0000", 6);
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(p, "\\u0000", 6);
         break;
       case '\r':
         if( zIn[2]=='\n' ){
@@ -348,7 +472,7 @@ static void jsonAppendNormalizedString(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
         N -= 2;
         break;
       default:
-        jsonAppendRaw(p, zIn, 2);
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(p, zIn, 2);
         break;
     }
     zIn += 2;
@@ -378,11 +502,12 @@ static void jsonAppendNormalizedInt(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
       jsonPrintf(100,p,"%lld",i);
     }else{
       assert( rc==2 );
-      jsonAppendRaw(p, "9.0e999", 7);
+      jsonAppendRawNZ(p, "9.0e999", 7);
     }
     return;
   }
-  jsonAppendRaw(p, zIn, N);
+  assert( N>0 );
+  jsonAppendRawNZ(p, zIn, N);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -414,14 +539,14 @@ static void jsonAppendNormalizedReal(JsonString *p, const char *zIn, u32 N){
     }
   }
   if( N>0 ){
-    jsonAppendRaw(p, zIn, N);
+    jsonAppendRawNZ(p, zIn, N);
   }
 }
 
 
 
 /*
-** Append a function parameter value to the JSON string under 
+** Append a function parameter value to the JSON string under
 ** construction.
 */
 static void jsonAppendValue(
@@ -430,7 +555,7 @@ static void jsonAppendValue(
 ){
   switch( sqlite3_value_type(pValue) ){
     case SQLITE_NULL: {
-      jsonAppendRaw(p, "null", 4);
+      jsonAppendRawNZ(p, "null", 4);
       break;
     }
     case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
@@ -466,15 +591,25 @@ static void jsonAppendValue(
 
 
 /* Make the JSON in p the result of the SQL function.
+**
+** The JSON string is reset.
 */
 static void jsonResult(JsonString *p){
   if( p->bErr==0 ){
-    sqlite3_result_text64(p->pCtx, p->zBuf, p->nUsed, 
-                          p->bStatic ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT : sqlite3_free,
-                          SQLITE_UTF8);
-    jsonZero(p);
+    if( p->bStatic ){
+      sqlite3_result_text64(p->pCtx, p->zBuf, p->nUsed,
+                            SQLITE_TRANSIENT, SQLITE_UTF8);
+    }else if( jsonForceRCStr(p) ){
+      sqlite3RCStrRef(p->zBuf);
+      sqlite3_result_text64(p->pCtx, p->zBuf, p->nUsed,
+                            sqlite3RCStrUnref,
+                            SQLITE_UTF8);
+    }
+  }
+  if( p->bErr==1 ){
+    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(p->pCtx);
   }
-  assert( p->bStatic );
+  jsonReset(p);
 }
 
 /**************************************************************************
@@ -499,20 +634,73 @@ static u32 jsonNodeSize(JsonNode *pNode){
 ** delete the JsonParse object itself.
 */
 static void jsonParseReset(JsonParse *pParse){
-  sqlite3_free(pParse->aNode);
-  pParse->aNode = 0;
+  while( pParse->pClup ){
+    JsonCleanup *pTask = pParse->pClup;
+    pParse->pClup = pTask->pJCNext;
+    pTask->xOp(pTask->pArg);
+    sqlite3_free(pTask);
+  }
+  assert( pParse->nJPRef<=1 );
+  if( pParse->aNode ){
+    sqlite3_free(pParse->aNode);
+    pParse->aNode = 0;
+  }
   pParse->nNode = 0;
   pParse->nAlloc = 0;
-  sqlite3_free(pParse->aUp);
-  pParse->aUp = 0;
+  if( pParse->aUp ){
+    sqlite3_free(pParse->aUp);
+    pParse->aUp = 0;
+  }
+  if( pParse->bJsonIsRCStr ){
+    sqlite3RCStrUnref(pParse->zJson);
+    pParse->zJson = 0;
+    pParse->bJsonIsRCStr = 0;
+  }
+  if( pParse->zAlt ){
+    sqlite3RCStrUnref(pParse->zAlt);
+    pParse->zAlt = 0;
+  }
 }
 
 /*
 ** Free a JsonParse object that was obtained from sqlite3_malloc().
+**
+** Note that destroying JsonParse might call sqlite3RCStrUnref() to
+** destroy the zJson value.  The RCStr object might recursively invoke
+** JsonParse to destroy this pParse object again.  Take care to ensure
+** that this recursive destructor sequence terminates harmlessly.
 */
 static void jsonParseFree(JsonParse *pParse){
-  jsonParseReset(pParse);
-  sqlite3_free(pParse);
+  if( pParse->nJPRef>1 ){
+    pParse->nJPRef--;
+  }else{
+    jsonParseReset(pParse);
+    sqlite3_free(pParse);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Add a cleanup task to the JsonParse object.
+**
+** If an OOM occurs, the cleanup operation happens immediately
+** and this function returns SQLITE_NOMEM.
+*/
+static int jsonParseAddCleanup(
+  JsonParse *pParse,          /* Add the cleanup task to this parser */
+  void(*xOp)(void*),          /* The cleanup task */
+  void *pArg                  /* Argument to the cleanup */
+){
+  JsonCleanup *pTask = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*pTask) );
+  if( pTask==0 ){
+    pParse->oom = 1;
+    xOp(pArg);
+    return SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+  pTask->pJCNext = pParse->pClup;
+  pParse->pClup = pTask;
+  pTask->xOp = xOp;
+  pTask->pArg = pArg;
+  return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -521,32 +709,38 @@ static void jsonParseFree(JsonParse *pParse){
 ** the number of JsonNode objects that are encoded.
 */
 static void jsonRenderNode(
+  JsonParse *pParse,             /* the complete parse of the JSON */
   JsonNode *pNode,               /* The node to render */
-  JsonString *pOut,              /* Write JSON here */
-  sqlite3_value **aReplace       /* Replacement values */
+  JsonString *pOut               /* Write JSON here */
 ){
   assert( pNode!=0 );
-  if( pNode->jnFlags & (JNODE_REPLACE|JNODE_PATCH) ){
-    if( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE)!=0 && ALWAYS(aReplace!=0) ){
-      assert( pNode->eU==4 );
-      jsonAppendValue(pOut, aReplace[pNode->u.iReplace]);
-      return;
+  while( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE)!=0 && pParse->useMod ){
+    u32 idx = (u32)(pNode - pParse->aNode);
+    u32 i = pParse->iSubst;
+    while( 1 /*exit-by-break*/ ){
+      assert( i<pParse->nNode );
+      assert( pParse->aNode[i].eType==JSON_SUBST );
+      assert( pParse->aNode[i].eU==4 );
+      assert( pParse->aNode[i].u.iPrev<i );
+      if( pParse->aNode[i].n==idx ){
+        pNode = &pParse->aNode[i+1];
+        break;
+      }
+      i = pParse->aNode[i].u.iPrev;
     }
-    assert( pNode->eU==5 );
-    pNode = pNode->u.pPatch;
   }
   switch( pNode->eType ){
     default: {
       assert( pNode->eType==JSON_NULL );
-      jsonAppendRaw(pOut, "null", 4);
+      jsonAppendRawNZ(pOut, "null", 4);
       break;
     }
     case JSON_TRUE: {
-      jsonAppendRaw(pOut, "true", 4);
+      jsonAppendRawNZ(pOut, "true", 4);
       break;
     }
     case JSON_FALSE: {
-      jsonAppendRaw(pOut, "false", 5);
+      jsonAppendRawNZ(pOut, "false", 5);
       break;
     }
     case JSON_STRING: {
@@ -562,7 +756,8 @@ static void jsonRenderNode(
       }else if( pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_JSON5 ){
         jsonAppendNormalizedString(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
       }else{
-        jsonAppendRaw(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
+        assert( pNode->n>0 );
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -571,7 +766,8 @@ static void jsonRenderNode(
       if( pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_JSON5 ){
         jsonAppendNormalizedReal(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
       }else{
-        jsonAppendRaw(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
+        assert( pNode->n>0 );
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -580,7 +776,8 @@ static void jsonRenderNode(
       if( pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_JSON5 ){
         jsonAppendNormalizedInt(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
       }else{
-        jsonAppendRaw(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
+        assert( pNode->n>0 );
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(pOut, pNode->u.zJContent, pNode->n);
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -589,15 +786,16 @@ static void jsonRenderNode(
       jsonAppendChar(pOut, '[');
       for(;;){
         while( j<=pNode->n ){
-          if( (pNode[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ){
+          if( (pNode[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 || pParse->useMod==0 ){
             jsonAppendSeparator(pOut);
-            jsonRenderNode(&pNode[j], pOut, aReplace);
+            jsonRenderNode(pParse, &pNode[j], pOut);
           }
           j += jsonNodeSize(&pNode[j]);
         }
         if( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
+        if( pParse->useMod==0 ) break;
         assert( pNode->eU==2 );
-        pNode = &pNode[pNode->u.iAppend];
+        pNode = &pParse->aNode[pNode->u.iAppend];
         j = 1;
       }
       jsonAppendChar(pOut, ']');
@@ -608,17 +806,18 @@ static void jsonRenderNode(
       jsonAppendChar(pOut, '{');
       for(;;){
         while( j<=pNode->n ){
-          if( (pNode[j+1].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ){
+          if( (pNode[j+1].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 || pParse->useMod==0 ){
             jsonAppendSeparator(pOut);
-            jsonRenderNode(&pNode[j], pOut, aReplace);
+            jsonRenderNode(pParse, &pNode[j], pOut);
             jsonAppendChar(pOut, ':');
-            jsonRenderNode(&pNode[j+1], pOut, aReplace);
+            jsonRenderNode(pParse, &pNode[j+1], pOut);
           }
           j += 1 + jsonNodeSize(&pNode[j+1]);
         }
         if( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
+        if( pParse->useMod==0 ) break;
         assert( pNode->eU==2 );
-        pNode = &pNode[pNode->u.iAppend];
+        pNode = &pParse->aNode[pNode->u.iAppend];
         j = 1;
       }
       jsonAppendChar(pOut, '}');
@@ -628,18 +827,29 @@ static void jsonRenderNode(
 }
 
 /*
-** Return a JsonNode and all its descendents as a JSON string.
+** Return a JsonNode and all its descendants as a JSON string.
 */
 static void jsonReturnJson(
+  JsonParse *pParse,          /* The complete JSON */
   JsonNode *pNode,            /* Node to return */
   sqlite3_context *pCtx,      /* Return value for this function */
-  sqlite3_value **aReplace    /* Array of replacement values */
+  int bGenerateAlt            /* Also store the rendered text in zAlt */
 ){
   JsonString s;
-  jsonInit(&s, pCtx);
-  jsonRenderNode(pNode, &s, aReplace);
-  jsonResult(&s);
-  sqlite3_result_subtype(pCtx, JSON_SUBTYPE);
+  if( pParse->oom ){
+    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+    return;
+  }
+  if( pParse->nErr==0 ){
+    jsonInit(&s, pCtx);
+    jsonRenderNode(pParse, pNode, &s);
+    if( bGenerateAlt && pParse->zAlt==0 && jsonForceRCStr(&s) ){
+      pParse->zAlt = sqlite3RCStrRef(s.zBuf);
+      pParse->nAlt = s.nUsed;
+    }
+    jsonResult(&s);
+    sqlite3_result_subtype(pCtx, JSON_SUBTYPE);
+  }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -677,9 +887,9 @@ static u32 jsonHexToInt4(const char *z){
 ** Make the JsonNode the return value of the function.
 */
 static void jsonReturn(
+  JsonParse *pParse,          /* Complete JSON parse tree */
   JsonNode *pNode,            /* Node to return */
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx,      /* Return value for this function */
-  sqlite3_value **aReplace    /* Array of replacement values */
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx       /* Return value for this function */
 ){
   switch( pNode->eType ){
     default: {
@@ -700,8 +910,7 @@ static void jsonReturn(
       int rc;
       int bNeg = 0;
       const char *z;
-     
-   
+
       assert( pNode->eU==1 );
       z = pNode->u.zJContent;
       if( z[0]=='-' ){ z++; bNeg = 1; }
@@ -826,7 +1035,7 @@ static void jsonReturn(
     }
     case JSON_ARRAY:
     case JSON_OBJECT: {
-      jsonReturnJson(pNode, pCtx, aReplace);
+      jsonReturnJson(pParse, pNode, pCtx, 0);
       break;
     }
   }
@@ -848,6 +1057,12 @@ static int jsonParseAddNode(JsonParse*,u32,u32,const char*);
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** Add a single node to pParse->aNode after first expanding the
+** size of the aNode array.  Return the index of the new node.
+**
+** If an OOM error occurs, set pParse->oom and return -1.
+*/
 static JSON_NOINLINE int jsonParseAddNodeExpand(
   JsonParse *pParse,        /* Append the node to this object */
   u32 eType,                /* Node type */
@@ -864,7 +1079,7 @@ static JSON_NOINLINE int jsonParseAddNodeExpand(
     pParse->oom = 1;
     return -1;
   }
-  pParse->nAlloc = nNew;
+  pParse->nAlloc = sqlite3_msize(pNew)/sizeof(JsonNode);
   pParse->aNode = pNew;
   assert( pParse->nNode<pParse->nAlloc );
   return jsonParseAddNode(pParse, eType, n, zContent);
@@ -882,10 +1097,13 @@ static int jsonParseAddNode(
   const char *zContent      /* Content */
 ){
   JsonNode *p;
-  if( pParse->aNode==0 || pParse->nNode>=pParse->nAlloc ){
+  assert( pParse->aNode!=0 || pParse->nNode>=pParse->nAlloc );
+  if( pParse->nNode>=pParse->nAlloc ){
     return jsonParseAddNodeExpand(pParse, eType, n, zContent);
   }
+  assert( pParse->aNode!=0 );
   p = &pParse->aNode[pParse->nNode];
+  assert( p!=0 );
   p->eType = (u8)(eType & 0xff);
   p->jnFlags = (u8)(eType >> 8);
   VVA( p->eU = zContent ? 1 : 0 );
@@ -894,6 +1112,52 @@ static int jsonParseAddNode(
   return pParse->nNode++;
 }
 
+/*
+** Add an array of new nodes to the current pParse->aNode array.
+** Return the index of the first node added.
+**
+** If an OOM error occurs, set pParse->oom.
+*/
+static void jsonParseAddNodeArray(
+  JsonParse *pParse,        /* Append the node to this object */
+  JsonNode *aNode,          /* Array of nodes to add */
+  u32 nNode                 /* Number of elements in aNew */
+){
+  assert( aNode!=0 );
+  assert( nNode>=1 );
+  if( pParse->nNode + nNode > pParse->nAlloc ){
+    u32 nNew = pParse->nNode + nNode;
+    JsonNode *aNew = sqlite3_realloc64(pParse->aNode, nNew*sizeof(JsonNode));
+    if( aNew==0 ){
+      pParse->oom = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+    pParse->nAlloc = sqlite3_msize(aNew)/sizeof(JsonNode);
+    pParse->aNode = aNew;
+  }
+  memcpy(&pParse->aNode[pParse->nNode], aNode, nNode*sizeof(JsonNode));
+  pParse->nNode += nNode;
+}
+
+/*
+** Add a new JSON_SUBST node.  The node immediately following
+** this new node will be the substitute content for iNode.
+*/
+static int jsonParseAddSubstNode(
+  JsonParse *pParse,       /* Add the JSON_SUBST here */
+  u32 iNode                /* References this node */
+){
+  int idx = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_SUBST, iNode, 0);
+  if( pParse->oom ) return -1;
+  pParse->aNode[iNode].jnFlags |= JNODE_REPLACE;
+  pParse->aNode[idx].eU = 4;
+  pParse->aNode[idx].u.iPrev = pParse->iSubst;
+  pParse->iSubst = idx;
+  pParse->hasMod = 1;
+  pParse->useMod = 1;
+  return idx;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Return true if z[] begins with 2 (or more) hexadecimal digits
 */
@@ -1060,7 +1324,7 @@ static const struct NanInfName {
 **
 ** Special return values:
 **
-**      0    End if input
+**      0    End of input
 **     -1    Syntax error
 **     -2    '}' seen
 **     -3    ']' seen
@@ -1235,15 +1499,12 @@ static int jsonParseValue(JsonParse *pParse, u32 i){
     jnFlags = 0;
   parse_string:
     cDelim = z[i];
-    j = i+1;
-    for(;;){
+    for(j=i+1; 1; j++){
+      if( jsonIsOk[(unsigned char)z[j]] ) continue;
       c = z[j];
-      if( (c & ~0x1f)==0 ){
-        /* Control characters are not allowed in strings */
-        pParse->iErr = j;
-        return -1;
-      }
-      if( c=='\\' ){
+      if( c==cDelim ){
+        break;
+      }else if( c=='\\' ){
         c = z[++j];
         if( c=='"' || c=='\\' || c=='/' || c=='b' || c=='f'
            || c=='n' || c=='r' || c=='t'
@@ -1263,10 +1524,11 @@ static int jsonParseValue(JsonParse *pParse, u32 i){
           pParse->iErr = j;
           return -1;
         }
-      }else if( c==cDelim ){
-        break;
+      }else if( c<=0x1f ){
+        /* Control characters are not allowed in strings */
+        pParse->iErr = j;
+        return -1;
       }
-      j++;
     }
     jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_STRING | (jnFlags<<8), j+1-i, &z[i]);
     return j+1;
@@ -1502,20 +1764,18 @@ static int jsonParseValue(JsonParse *pParse, u32 i){
 
 /*
 ** Parse a complete JSON string.  Return 0 on success or non-zero if there
-** are any errors.  If an error occurs, free all memory associated with
-** pParse.
+** are any errors.  If an error occurs, free all memory held by pParse,
+** but not pParse itself.
 **
-** pParse is uninitialized when this routine is called.
+** pParse must be initialized to an empty parse object prior to calling
+** this routine.
 */
 static int jsonParse(
   JsonParse *pParse,           /* Initialize and fill this JsonParse object */
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx,       /* Report errors here */
-  const char *zJson            /* Input JSON text to be parsed */
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx        /* Report errors here */
 ){
   int i;
-  memset(pParse, 0, sizeof(*pParse));
-  if( zJson==0 ) return 1;
-  pParse->zJson = zJson;
+  const char *zJson = pParse->zJson;
   i = jsonParseValue(pParse, 0);
   if( pParse->oom ) i = -1;
   if( i>0 ){
@@ -1544,6 +1804,7 @@ static int jsonParse(
   return 0;
 }
 
+
 /* Mark node i of pParse as being a child of iParent.  Call recursively
 ** to fill in all the descendants of node i.
 */
@@ -1593,35 +1854,49 @@ static int jsonParseFindParents(JsonParse *pParse){
 #define JSON_CACHE_SZ  4          /* Max number of cache entries */
 
 /*
-** Obtain a complete parse of the JSON found in the first argument
-** of the argv array.  Use the sqlite3_get_auxdata() cache for this
-** parse if it is available.  If the cache is not available or if it
-** is no longer valid, parse the JSON again and return the new parse,
-** and also register the new parse so that it will be available for
+** Obtain a complete parse of the JSON found in the pJson argument
+**
+** Use the sqlite3_get_auxdata() cache to find a preexisting parse
+** if it is available.  If the cache is not available or if it
+** is no longer valid, parse the JSON again and return the new parse.
+** Also register the new parse so that it will be available for
 ** future sqlite3_get_auxdata() calls.
 **
 ** If an error occurs and pErrCtx!=0 then report the error on pErrCtx
 ** and return NULL.
 **
-** If an error occurs and pErrCtx==0 then return the Parse object with
-** JsonParse.nErr non-zero.  If the caller invokes this routine with
-** pErrCtx==0 and it gets back a JsonParse with nErr!=0, then the caller
-** is responsible for invoking jsonParseFree() on the returned value.
-** But the caller may invoke jsonParseFree() *only* if pParse->nErr!=0.
+** The returned pointer (if it is not NULL) is owned by the cache in
+** most cases, not the caller.  The caller does NOT need to invoke
+** jsonParseFree(), in most cases.
+**
+** Except, if an error occurs and pErrCtx==0 then return the JsonParse
+** object with JsonParse.nErr non-zero and the caller will own the JsonParse
+** object.  In that case, it will be the responsibility of the caller to
+** invoke jsonParseFree().  To summarize:
+**
+**   pErrCtx!=0 || p->nErr==0      ==>   Return value p is owned by the
+**                                       cache.  Call does not need to
+**                                       free it.
+**
+**   pErrCtx==0 && p->nErr!=0      ==>   Return value is owned by the caller
+**                                       and so the caller must free it.
 */
 static JsonParse *jsonParseCached(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
-  sqlite3_value **argv,
-  sqlite3_context *pErrCtx
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,         /* Context to use for cache search */
+  sqlite3_value *pJson,          /* Function param containing JSON text */
+  sqlite3_context *pErrCtx,      /* Write parse errors here if not NULL */
+  int bUnedited                  /* No prior edits allowed */
 ){
-  const char *zJson = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
-  int nJson = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+  char *zJson = (char*)sqlite3_value_text(pJson);
+  int nJson = sqlite3_value_bytes(pJson);
   JsonParse *p;
   JsonParse *pMatch = 0;
   int iKey;
   int iMinKey = 0;
   u32 iMinHold = 0xffffffff;
   u32 iMaxHold = 0;
+  int bJsonRCStr;
+
   if( zJson==0 ) return 0;
   for(iKey=0; iKey<JSON_CACHE_SZ; iKey++){
     p = (JsonParse*)sqlite3_get_auxdata(pCtx, JSON_CACHE_ID+iKey);
@@ -1631,9 +1906,21 @@ static JsonParse *jsonParseCached(
     }
     if( pMatch==0
      && p->nJson==nJson
-     && memcmp(p->zJson,zJson,nJson)==0
+     && (p->hasMod==0 || bUnedited==0)
+     && (p->zJson==zJson || memcmp(p->zJson,zJson,nJson)==0)
+    ){
+      p->nErr = 0;
+      p->useMod = 0;
+      pMatch = p;
+    }else
+    if( pMatch==0
+     && p->zAlt!=0
+     && bUnedited==0
+     && p->nAlt==nJson
+     && memcmp(p->zAlt, zJson, nJson)==0
     ){
       p->nErr = 0;
+      p->useMod = 1;
       pMatch = p;
     }else if( p->iHold<iMinHold ){
       iMinHold = p->iHold;
@@ -1644,28 +1931,44 @@ static JsonParse *jsonParseCached(
     }
   }
   if( pMatch ){
+    /* The input JSON text was found in the cache.  Use the preexisting
+    ** parse of this JSON */
     pMatch->nErr = 0;
     pMatch->iHold = iMaxHold+1;
+    assert( pMatch->nJPRef>0 ); /* pMatch is owned by the cache */
     return pMatch;
   }
-  p = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*p) + nJson + 1 );
+
+  /* The input JSON was not found anywhere in the cache.  We will need
+  ** to parse it ourselves and generate a new JsonParse object.
+  */
+  bJsonRCStr = sqlite3ValueIsOfClass(pJson,sqlite3RCStrUnref);
+  p = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*p) + (bJsonRCStr ? 0 : nJson+1) );
   if( p==0 ){
     sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
     return 0;
   }
   memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
-  p->zJson = (char*)&p[1];
-  memcpy((char*)p->zJson, zJson, nJson+1);
-  if( jsonParse(p, pErrCtx, p->zJson) ){
+  if( bJsonRCStr ){
+    p->zJson = sqlite3RCStrRef(zJson);
+    p->bJsonIsRCStr = 1;
+  }else{
+    p->zJson = (char*)&p[1];
+    memcpy(p->zJson, zJson, nJson+1);
+  }
+  p->nJPRef = 1;
+  if( jsonParse(p, pErrCtx) ){
     if( pErrCtx==0 ){
       p->nErr = 1;
+      assert( p->nJPRef==1 ); /* Caller will own the new JsonParse object p */
       return p;
     }
-    sqlite3_free(p);
+    jsonParseFree(p);
     return 0;
   }
   p->nJson = nJson;
   p->iHold = iMaxHold+1;
+  /* Transfer ownership of the new JsonParse to the cache */
   sqlite3_set_auxdata(pCtx, JSON_CACHE_ID+iMinKey, p,
                       (void(*)(void*))jsonParseFree);
   return (JsonParse*)sqlite3_get_auxdata(pCtx, JSON_CACHE_ID+iMinKey);
@@ -1716,9 +2019,31 @@ static JsonNode *jsonLookupStep(
 ){
   u32 i, j, nKey;
   const char *zKey;
-  JsonNode *pRoot = &pParse->aNode[iRoot];
+  JsonNode *pRoot;
+  if( pParse->oom ) return 0;
+  pRoot = &pParse->aNode[iRoot];
+  if( pRoot->jnFlags & (JNODE_REPLACE|JNODE_REMOVE) && pParse->useMod ){
+    while( (pRoot->jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE)!=0 ){
+      u32 idx = (u32)(pRoot - pParse->aNode);
+      i = pParse->iSubst;
+      while( 1 /*exit-by-break*/ ){
+        assert( i<pParse->nNode );
+        assert( pParse->aNode[i].eType==JSON_SUBST );
+        assert( pParse->aNode[i].eU==4 );
+        assert( pParse->aNode[i].u.iPrev<i );
+        if( pParse->aNode[i].n==idx ){
+          pRoot = &pParse->aNode[i+1];
+          iRoot = i+1;
+          break;
+        }
+        i = pParse->aNode[i].u.iPrev;
+      }
+    }
+    if( pRoot->jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE ){
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
   if( zPath[0]==0 ) return pRoot;
-  if( pRoot->jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE ) return 0;
   if( zPath[0]=='.' ){
     if( pRoot->eType!=JSON_OBJECT ) return 0;
     zPath++;
@@ -1752,14 +2077,16 @@ static JsonNode *jsonLookupStep(
         j += jsonNodeSize(&pRoot[j]);
       }
       if( (pRoot->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
+      if( pParse->useMod==0 ) break;
       assert( pRoot->eU==2 );
-      iRoot += pRoot->u.iAppend;
+      iRoot = pRoot->u.iAppend;
       pRoot = &pParse->aNode[iRoot];
       j = 1;
     }
     if( pApnd ){
       u32 iStart, iLabel;
       JsonNode *pNode;
+      assert( pParse->useMod );
       iStart = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_OBJECT, 2, 0);
       iLabel = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_STRING, nKey, zKey);
       zPath += i;
@@ -1768,7 +2095,7 @@ static JsonNode *jsonLookupStep(
       if( pNode ){
         pRoot = &pParse->aNode[iRoot];
         assert( pRoot->eU==0 );
-        pRoot->u.iAppend = iStart - iRoot;
+        pRoot->u.iAppend = iStart;
         pRoot->jnFlags |= JNODE_APPEND;
         VVA( pRoot->eU = 2 );
         pParse->aNode[iLabel].jnFlags |= JNODE_RAW;
@@ -1789,12 +2116,13 @@ static JsonNode *jsonLookupStep(
         if( pRoot->eType!=JSON_ARRAY ) return 0;
         for(;;){
           while( j<=pBase->n ){
-            if( (pBase[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ) i++;
+            if( (pBase[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 || pParse->useMod==0 ) i++;
             j += jsonNodeSize(&pBase[j]);
           }
           if( (pBase->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
+          if( pParse->useMod==0 ) break;
           assert( pBase->eU==2 );
-          iBase += pBase->u.iAppend;
+          iBase = pBase->u.iAppend;
           pBase = &pParse->aNode[iBase];
           j = 1;
         }
@@ -1822,13 +2150,17 @@ static JsonNode *jsonLookupStep(
     zPath += j + 1;
     j = 1;
     for(;;){
-      while( j<=pRoot->n && (i>0 || (pRoot[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)!=0) ){
-        if( (pRoot[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ) i--;
+      while( j<=pRoot->n
+         && (i>0 || ((pRoot[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)!=0 && pParse->useMod))
+      ){
+        if( (pRoot[j].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 || pParse->useMod==0 ) i--;
         j += jsonNodeSize(&pRoot[j]);
       }
+      if( i==0 && j<=pRoot->n ) break;
       if( (pRoot->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
+      if( pParse->useMod==0 ) break;
       assert( pRoot->eU==2 );
-      iRoot += pRoot->u.iAppend;
+      iRoot = pRoot->u.iAppend;
       pRoot = &pParse->aNode[iRoot];
       j = 1;
     }
@@ -1838,13 +2170,14 @@ static JsonNode *jsonLookupStep(
     if( i==0 && pApnd ){
       u32 iStart;
       JsonNode *pNode;
+      assert( pParse->useMod );
       iStart = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_ARRAY, 1, 0);
       pNode = jsonLookupAppend(pParse, zPath, pApnd, pzErr);
       if( pParse->oom ) return 0;
       if( pNode ){
         pRoot = &pParse->aNode[iRoot];
         assert( pRoot->eU==0 );
-        pRoot->u.iAppend = iStart - iRoot;
+        pRoot->u.iAppend = iStart;
         pRoot->jnFlags |= JNODE_APPEND;
         VVA( pRoot->eU = 2 );
       }
@@ -1944,7 +2277,7 @@ static void jsonWrongNumArgs(
   char *zMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("json_%s() needs an odd number of arguments",
                                zFuncName);
   sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, zMsg, -1);
-  sqlite3_free(zMsg);     
+  sqlite3_free(zMsg);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1971,47 +2304,90 @@ static void jsonRemoveAllNulls(JsonNode *pNode){
 ** SQL functions used for testing and debugging
 ****************************************************************************/
 
+#if SQLITE_DEBUG
+/*
+** Print N node entries.
+*/
+static void jsonDebugPrintNodeEntries(
+  JsonNode *aNode,  /* First node entry to print */
+  int N             /* Number of node entries to print */
+){
+  int i;
+  for(i=0; i<N; i++){
+    const char *zType;
+    if( aNode[i].jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL ){
+      zType = "label";
+    }else{
+      zType = jsonType[aNode[i].eType];
+    }
+    printf("node %4u: %-7s n=%-5d", i, zType, aNode[i].n);
+    if( (aNode[i].jnFlags & ~JNODE_LABEL)!=0 ){
+      u8 f = aNode[i].jnFlags;
+      if( f & JNODE_RAW )     printf(" RAW");
+      if( f & JNODE_ESCAPE )  printf(" ESCAPE");
+      if( f & JNODE_REMOVE )  printf(" REMOVE");
+      if( f & JNODE_REPLACE ) printf(" REPLACE");
+      if( f & JNODE_APPEND )  printf(" APPEND");
+      if( f & JNODE_JSON5 )   printf(" JSON5");
+    }
+    switch( aNode[i].eU ){
+      case 1:  printf(" zJContent=[%.*s]\n",
+                      aNode[i].n, aNode[i].u.zJContent);           break;
+      case 2:  printf(" iAppend=%u\n", aNode[i].u.iAppend);        break;
+      case 3:  printf(" iKey=%u\n", aNode[i].u.iKey);              break;
+      case 4:  printf(" iPrev=%u\n", aNode[i].u.iPrev);            break;
+      default: printf("\n");
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
+
+
+#if 0  /* 1 for debugging.  0 normally.  Requires -DSQLITE_DEBUG too */
+static void jsonDebugPrintParse(JsonParse *p){
+  jsonDebugPrintNodeEntries(p->aNode, p->nNode);
+}
+static void jsonDebugPrintNode(JsonNode *pNode){
+  jsonDebugPrintNodeEntries(pNode, jsonNodeSize(pNode));
+}
+#else
+   /* The usual case */
+# define jsonDebugPrintNode(X)
+# define jsonDebugPrintParse(X)
+#endif
+
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
 /*
-** The json_parse(JSON) function returns a string which describes
-** a parse of the JSON provided.  Or it returns NULL if JSON is not
-** well-formed.
+** SQL function:   json_parse(JSON)
+**
+** Parse JSON using jsonParseCached().  Then print a dump of that
+** parse on standard output.  Return the mimified JSON result, just
+** like the json() function.
 */
 static void jsonParseFunc(
   sqlite3_context *ctx,
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  JsonString s;       /* Output string - not real JSON */
-  JsonParse x;        /* The parse */
-  u32 i;
+  JsonParse *p;        /* The parse */
 
   assert( argc==1 );
-  if( jsonParse(&x, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0])) ) return;
-  jsonParseFindParents(&x);
-  jsonInit(&s, ctx);
-  for(i=0; i<x.nNode; i++){
-    const char *zType;
-    if( x.aNode[i].jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL ){
-      assert( x.aNode[i].eType==JSON_STRING );
-      zType = "label";
-    }else{
-      zType = jsonType[x.aNode[i].eType];
-    }
-    jsonPrintf(100, &s,"node %3u: %7s n=%-4d up=%-4d",
-               i, zType, x.aNode[i].n, x.aUp[i]);
-    assert( x.aNode[i].eU==0 || x.aNode[i].eU==1 );
-    if( x.aNode[i].u.zJContent!=0 ){
-      assert( x.aNode[i].eU==1 );
-      jsonAppendRaw(&s, " ", 1);
-      jsonAppendRaw(&s, x.aNode[i].u.zJContent, x.aNode[i].n);
-    }else{
-      assert( x.aNode[i].eU==0 );
-    }
-    jsonAppendRaw(&s, "\n", 1);
-  }
-  jsonParseReset(&x);
-  jsonResult(&s);
+  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, 0);
+  if( p==0 ) return;
+  printf("nNode     = %u\n", p->nNode);
+  printf("nAlloc    = %u\n", p->nAlloc);
+  printf("nJson     = %d\n", p->nJson);
+  printf("nAlt      = %d\n", p->nAlt);
+  printf("nErr      = %u\n", p->nErr);
+  printf("oom       = %u\n", p->oom);
+  printf("hasNonstd = %u\n", p->hasNonstd);
+  printf("useMod    = %u\n", p->useMod);
+  printf("hasMod    = %u\n", p->hasMod);
+  printf("nJPRef    = %u\n", p->nJPRef);
+  printf("iSubst    = %u\n", p->iSubst);
+  printf("iHold     = %u\n", p->iHold);
+  jsonDebugPrintNodeEntries(p->aNode, p->nNode);
+  jsonReturnJson(p, p->aNode, ctx, 1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2035,7 +2411,7 @@ static void jsonTest1Func(
 
 /*
 ** Implementation of the json_QUOTE(VALUE) function.  Return a JSON value
-** corresponding to the SQL value input.  Mostly this means putting 
+** corresponding to the SQL value input.  Mostly this means putting
 ** double-quotes around strings and returning the unquoted string "null"
 ** when given a NULL input.
 */
@@ -2082,7 +2458,7 @@ static void jsonArrayFunc(
 ** json_array_length(JSON)
 ** json_array_length(JSON, PATH)
 **
-** Return the number of elements in the top-level JSON array.  
+** Return the number of elements in the top-level JSON array.
 ** Return 0 if the input is not a well-formed JSON array.
 */
 static void jsonArrayLengthFunc(
@@ -2095,7 +2471,7 @@ static void jsonArrayLengthFunc(
   u32 i;
   JsonNode *pNode;
 
-  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv, ctx);
+  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, 0);
   if( p==0 ) return;
   assert( p->nNode );
   if( argc==2 ){
@@ -2108,9 +2484,16 @@ static void jsonArrayLengthFunc(
     return;
   }
   if( pNode->eType==JSON_ARRAY ){
-    assert( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 );
-    for(i=1; i<=pNode->n; n++){
-      i += jsonNodeSize(&pNode[i]);
+    while( 1 /*exit-by-break*/ ){
+      i = 1;
+      while( i<=pNode->n ){
+        if( (pNode[i].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ) n++;
+        i += jsonNodeSize(&pNode[i]);
+      }
+      if( (pNode->jnFlags & JNODE_APPEND)==0 ) break;
+      if( p->useMod==0 ) break;
+      assert( pNode->eU==2 );
+      pNode = &p->aNode[pNode->u.iAppend];
     }
   }
   sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, n);
@@ -2157,7 +2540,7 @@ static void jsonExtractFunc(
   JsonString jx;
 
   if( argc<2 ) return;
-  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv, ctx);
+  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, 0);
   if( p==0 ) return;
   if( argc==2 ){
     /* With a single PATH argument */
@@ -2175,11 +2558,11 @@ static void jsonExtractFunc(
         */
         jsonInit(&jx, ctx);
         if( sqlite3Isdigit(zPath[0]) ){
-          jsonAppendRaw(&jx, "$[", 2);
+          jsonAppendRawNZ(&jx, "$[", 2);
           jsonAppendRaw(&jx, zPath, (int)strlen(zPath));
-          jsonAppendRaw(&jx, "]", 2);
+          jsonAppendRawNZ(&jx, "]", 2);
         }else{
-          jsonAppendRaw(&jx, "$.", 1 + (zPath[0]!='['));
+          jsonAppendRawNZ(&jx, "$.", 1 + (zPath[0]!='['));
           jsonAppendRaw(&jx, zPath, (int)strlen(zPath));
           jsonAppendChar(&jx, 0);
         }
@@ -2190,15 +2573,15 @@ static void jsonExtractFunc(
       }
       if( pNode ){
         if( flags & JSON_JSON ){
-          jsonReturnJson(pNode, ctx, 0);
+          jsonReturnJson(p, pNode, ctx, 0);
         }else{
-          jsonReturn(pNode, ctx, 0);
+          jsonReturn(p, pNode, ctx);
           sqlite3_result_subtype(ctx, 0);
         }
       }
     }else{
       pNode = jsonLookup(p, zPath, 0, ctx);
-      if( p->nErr==0 && pNode ) jsonReturn(pNode, ctx, 0);
+      if( p->nErr==0 && pNode ) jsonReturn(p, pNode, ctx);
     }
   }else{
     /* Two or more PATH arguments results in a JSON array with each
@@ -2212,9 +2595,9 @@ static void jsonExtractFunc(
       if( p->nErr ) break;
       jsonAppendSeparator(&jx);
       if( pNode ){
-        jsonRenderNode(pNode, &jx, 0);
+        jsonRenderNode(p, pNode, &jx);
       }else{
-        jsonAppendRaw(&jx, "null", 4);
+        jsonAppendRawNZ(&jx, "null", 4);
       }
     }
     if( i==argc ){
@@ -2259,45 +2642,38 @@ static JsonNode *jsonMergePatch(
       assert( pTarget[j].eType==JSON_STRING );
       assert( pTarget[j].jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL );
       if( jsonSameLabel(&pPatch[i], &pTarget[j]) ){
-        if( pTarget[j+1].jnFlags & (JNODE_REMOVE|JNODE_PATCH) ) break;
+        if( pTarget[j+1].jnFlags & (JNODE_REMOVE|JNODE_REPLACE) ) break;
         if( pPatch[i+1].eType==JSON_NULL ){
           pTarget[j+1].jnFlags |= JNODE_REMOVE;
         }else{
           JsonNode *pNew = jsonMergePatch(pParse, iTarget+j+1, &pPatch[i+1]);
           if( pNew==0 ) return 0;
-          pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
-          if( pNew!=&pTarget[j+1] ){
-            assert( pTarget[j+1].eU==0
-                 || pTarget[j+1].eU==1
-                 || pTarget[j+1].eU==2 );
-            testcase( pTarget[j+1].eU==1 );
-            testcase( pTarget[j+1].eU==2 );
-            VVA( pTarget[j+1].eU = 5 );
-            pTarget[j+1].u.pPatch = pNew;
-            pTarget[j+1].jnFlags |= JNODE_PATCH;
+          if( pNew!=&pParse->aNode[iTarget+j+1] ){
+            jsonParseAddSubstNode(pParse, iTarget+j+1);
+            jsonParseAddNodeArray(pParse, pNew, jsonNodeSize(pNew));
           }
+          pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
         }
         break;
       }
     }
     if( j>=pTarget->n && pPatch[i+1].eType!=JSON_NULL ){
-      int iStart, iPatch;
-      iStart = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_OBJECT, 2, 0);
+      int iStart;
+      JsonNode *pApnd;
+      u32 nApnd;
+      iStart = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_OBJECT, 0, 0);
       jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_STRING, nKey, zKey);
-      iPatch = jsonParseAddNode(pParse, JSON_TRUE, 0, 0);
+      pApnd = &pPatch[i+1];
+      if( pApnd->eType==JSON_OBJECT ) jsonRemoveAllNulls(pApnd);
+      nApnd = jsonNodeSize(pApnd);
+      jsonParseAddNodeArray(pParse, pApnd, jsonNodeSize(pApnd));
       if( pParse->oom ) return 0;
-      jsonRemoveAllNulls(pPatch);
-      pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
-      assert( pParse->aNode[iRoot].eU==0 || pParse->aNode[iRoot].eU==2 );
-      testcase( pParse->aNode[iRoot].eU==2 );
+      pParse->aNode[iStart].n = 1+nApnd;
       pParse->aNode[iRoot].jnFlags |= JNODE_APPEND;
+      pParse->aNode[iRoot].u.iAppend = iStart;
       VVA( pParse->aNode[iRoot].eU = 2 );
-      pParse->aNode[iRoot].u.iAppend = iStart - iRoot;
       iRoot = iStart;
-      assert( pParse->aNode[iPatch].eU==0 );
-      VVA( pParse->aNode[iPatch].eU = 5 );
-      pParse->aNode[iPatch].jnFlags |= JNODE_PATCH;
-      pParse->aNode[iPatch].u.pPatch = &pPatch[i+1];
+      pTarget = &pParse->aNode[iTarget];
     }
   }
   return pTarget;
@@ -2313,25 +2689,28 @@ static void jsonPatchFunc(
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  JsonParse x;     /* The JSON that is being patched */
-  JsonParse y;     /* The patch */
+  JsonParse *pX;     /* The JSON that is being patched */
+  JsonParse *pY;     /* The patch */
   JsonNode *pResult;   /* The result of the merge */
 
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
-  if( jsonParse(&x, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0])) ) return;
-  if( jsonParse(&y, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1])) ){
-    jsonParseReset(&x);
-    return;
-  }
-  pResult = jsonMergePatch(&x, 0, y.aNode);
-  assert( pResult!=0 || x.oom );
-  if( pResult ){
-    jsonReturnJson(pResult, ctx, 0);
+  pX = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, 1);
+  if( pX==0 ) return;
+  assert( pX->hasMod==0 );
+  pX->hasMod = 1;
+  pY = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[1], ctx, 1);
+  if( pY==0 ) return;
+  pX->useMod = 1;
+  pY->useMod = 1;
+  pResult = jsonMergePatch(pX, 0, pY->aNode);
+  assert( pResult!=0 || pX->oom );
+  if( pResult && pX->oom==0 ){
+    jsonDebugPrintParse(pX);
+    jsonDebugPrintNode(pResult);
+    jsonReturnJson(pX, pResult, ctx, 0);
   }else{
     sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
   }
-  jsonParseReset(&x);
-  jsonParseReset(&y);
 }
 
 
@@ -2387,26 +2766,120 @@ static void jsonRemoveFunc(
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  JsonParse x;          /* The parse */
+  JsonParse *pParse;          /* The parse */
   JsonNode *pNode;
   const char *zPath;
   u32 i;
 
   if( argc<1 ) return;
-  if( jsonParse(&x, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0])) ) return;
-  assert( x.nNode );
+  pParse = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, argc>1);
+  if( pParse==0 ) return;
   for(i=1; i<(u32)argc; i++){
     zPath = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i]);
     if( zPath==0 ) goto remove_done;
-    pNode = jsonLookup(&x, zPath, 0, ctx);
-    if( x.nErr ) goto remove_done;
-    if( pNode ) pNode->jnFlags |= JNODE_REMOVE;
+    pNode = jsonLookup(pParse, zPath, 0, ctx);
+    if( pParse->nErr ) goto remove_done;
+    if( pNode ){
+      pNode->jnFlags |= JNODE_REMOVE;
+      pParse->hasMod = 1;
+      pParse->useMod = 1;
+    }
   }
-  if( (x.aNode[0].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ){
-    jsonReturnJson(x.aNode, ctx, 0);
+  if( (pParse->aNode[0].jnFlags & JNODE_REMOVE)==0 ){
+    jsonReturnJson(pParse, pParse->aNode, ctx, 1);
   }
 remove_done:
-  jsonParseReset(&x);
+  jsonDebugPrintParse(p);
+}
+
+/*
+** Substitute the value at iNode with the pValue parameter.
+*/
+static void jsonReplaceNode(
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  JsonParse *p,
+  int iNode,
+  sqlite3_value *pValue
+){
+  int idx = jsonParseAddSubstNode(p, iNode);
+  if( idx<=0 ){
+    assert( p->oom );
+    return;
+  }
+  switch( sqlite3_value_type(pValue) ){
+    case SQLITE_NULL: {
+      jsonParseAddNode(p, JSON_NULL, 0, 0);
+      break;
+    }
+    case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
+      char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("%!0.15g", sqlite3_value_double(pValue));
+      int n;
+      if( z==0 ){
+        p->oom = 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      n = sqlite3Strlen30(z);
+      jsonParseAddNode(p, JSON_REAL, n, z);
+      jsonParseAddCleanup(p, sqlite3_free, z);
+      break;
+    }
+    case SQLITE_INTEGER: {
+      char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("%lld", sqlite3_value_int64(pValue));
+      int n;
+      if( z==0 ){
+        p->oom = 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      n = sqlite3Strlen30(z);
+      jsonParseAddNode(p, JSON_INT, n, z);
+      jsonParseAddCleanup(p, sqlite3_free, z);
+
+      break;
+    }
+    case SQLITE_TEXT: {
+      const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(pValue);
+      u32 n = (u32)sqlite3_value_bytes(pValue);
+      if( z==0 ){
+         p->oom = 1;
+         break;
+      }
+      if( sqlite3_value_subtype(pValue)!=JSON_SUBTYPE ){
+        char *zCopy = sqlite3_malloc64( n+1 );
+        int k;
+        if( zCopy ){
+          memcpy(zCopy, z, n);
+          zCopy[n] = 0;
+          jsonParseAddCleanup(p, sqlite3_free, zCopy);
+        }else{
+          p->oom = 1;
+          sqlite3_result_error_nomem(pCtx);
+        }
+        k = jsonParseAddNode(p, JSON_STRING, n, zCopy);
+        assert( k>0 || p->oom );
+        if( p->oom==0 ) p->aNode[k].jnFlags |= JNODE_RAW;
+      }else{
+        JsonParse *pPatch = jsonParseCached(pCtx, pValue, pCtx, 1);
+        if( pPatch==0 ){
+          p->oom = 1;
+          break;
+        }
+        jsonParseAddNodeArray(p, pPatch->aNode, pPatch->nNode);
+        /* The nodes copied out of pPatch and into p likely contain
+        ** u.zJContent pointers into pPatch->zJson.  So preserve the
+        ** content of pPatch until p is destroyed. */
+        assert( pPatch->nJPRef>=1 );
+        pPatch->nJPRef++;
+        jsonParseAddCleanup(p, (void(*)(void*))jsonParseFree, pPatch);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default: {
+      jsonParseAddNode(p, JSON_NULL, 0, 0);
+      sqlite3_result_error(pCtx, "JSON cannot hold BLOB values", -1);
+      p->nErr++;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2420,7 +2893,7 @@ static void jsonReplaceFunc(
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  JsonParse x;          /* The parse */
+  JsonParse *pParse;          /* The parse */
   JsonNode *pNode;
   const char *zPath;
   u32 i;
@@ -2430,28 +2903,22 @@ static void jsonReplaceFunc(
     jsonWrongNumArgs(ctx, "replace");
     return;
   }
-  if( jsonParse(&x, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0])) ) return;
-  assert( x.nNode );
+  pParse = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, argc>1);
+  if( pParse==0 ) return;
+  pParse->nJPRef++;
   for(i=1; i<(u32)argc; i+=2){
     zPath = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i]);
-    pNode = jsonLookup(&x, zPath, 0, ctx);
-    if( x.nErr ) goto replace_err;
+    pParse->useMod = 1;
+    pNode = jsonLookup(pParse, zPath, 0, ctx);
+    if( pParse->nErr ) goto replace_err;
     if( pNode ){
-      assert( pNode->eU==0 || pNode->eU==1 || pNode->eU==4 );
-      testcase( pNode->eU!=0 && pNode->eU!=1 );
-      pNode->jnFlags |= (u8)JNODE_REPLACE;
-      VVA( pNode->eU =  4 );
-      pNode->u.iReplace = i + 1;
+      jsonReplaceNode(ctx, pParse, (u32)(pNode - pParse->aNode), argv[i+1]);
     }
   }
-  if( x.aNode[0].jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE ){
-    assert( x.aNode[0].eU==4 );
-    sqlite3_result_value(ctx, argv[x.aNode[0].u.iReplace]);
-  }else{
-    jsonReturnJson(x.aNode, ctx, argv);
-  }
+  jsonReturnJson(pParse, pParse->aNode, ctx, 1);
 replace_err:
-  jsonParseReset(&x);
+  jsonDebugPrintParse(pParse);
+  jsonParseFree(pParse);
 }
 
 
@@ -2472,7 +2939,7 @@ static void jsonSetFunc(
   int argc,
   sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
-  JsonParse x;          /* The parse */
+  JsonParse *pParse;       /* The parse */
   JsonNode *pNode;
   const char *zPath;
   u32 i;
@@ -2484,33 +2951,27 @@ static void jsonSetFunc(
     jsonWrongNumArgs(ctx, bIsSet ? "set" : "insert");
     return;
   }
-  if( jsonParse(&x, ctx, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0])) ) return;
-  assert( x.nNode );
+  pParse = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, argc>1);
+  if( pParse==0 ) return;
+  pParse->nJPRef++;
   for(i=1; i<(u32)argc; i+=2){
     zPath = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i]);
     bApnd = 0;
-    pNode = jsonLookup(&x, zPath, &bApnd, ctx);
-    if( x.oom ){
+    pParse->useMod = 1;
+    pNode = jsonLookup(pParse, zPath, &bApnd, ctx);
+    if( pParse->oom ){
       sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
       goto jsonSetDone;
-    }else if( x.nErr ){
+    }else if( pParse->nErr ){
       goto jsonSetDone;
     }else if( pNode && (bApnd || bIsSet) ){
-      testcase( pNode->eU!=0 && pNode->eU!=1 );
-      assert( pNode->eU!=3 && pNode->eU!=5 );
-      VVA( pNode->eU = 4 );
-      pNode->jnFlags |= (u8)JNODE_REPLACE;
-      pNode->u.iReplace = i + 1;
+      jsonReplaceNode(ctx, pParse, (u32)(pNode - pParse->aNode), argv[i+1]);
     }
   }
-  if( x.aNode[0].jnFlags & JNODE_REPLACE ){
-    assert( x.aNode[0].eU==4 );
-    sqlite3_result_value(ctx, argv[x.aNode[0].u.iReplace]);
-  }else{
-    jsonReturnJson(x.aNode, ctx, argv);
-  }
+  jsonDebugPrintParse(pParse);
+  jsonReturnJson(pParse, pParse->aNode, ctx, 1);
 jsonSetDone:
-  jsonParseReset(&x);
+  jsonParseFree(pParse);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2529,7 +2990,7 @@ static void jsonTypeFunc(
   const char *zPath;
   JsonNode *pNode;
 
-  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv, ctx);
+  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], ctx, 0);
   if( p==0 ) return;
   if( argc==2 ){
     zPath = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]);
@@ -2555,13 +3016,19 @@ static void jsonValidFunc(
 ){
   JsonParse *p;          /* The parse */
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
-  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
-  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv, 0);
+  if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_LEGACY_JSON_VALID
+    /* Incorrect legacy behavior was to return FALSE for a NULL input */
+    sqlite3_result_int(ctx, 0);
+#endif
+    return;
+  }
+  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], 0, 0);
   if( p==0 || p->oom ){
     sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
     sqlite3_free(p);
   }else{
-    sqlite3_result_int(ctx, p->nErr==0 && p->hasNonstd==0);
+    sqlite3_result_int(ctx, p->nErr==0 && (p->hasNonstd==0 || p->useMod));
     if( p->nErr ) jsonParseFree(p);
   }
 }
@@ -2602,7 +3069,7 @@ static void jsonErrorFunc(
   JsonParse *p;          /* The parse */
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
   if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[0])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
-  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv, 0);
+  p = jsonParseCached(ctx, argv[0], 0, 0);
   if( p==0 || p->oom ){
     sqlite3_result_error_nomem(ctx);
     sqlite3_free(p);
@@ -2611,7 +3078,7 @@ static void jsonErrorFunc(
   }else{
     int n = 1;
     u32 i;
-    const char *z = p->zJson;
+    const char *z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
     for(i=0; i<p->iErr && ALWAYS(z[i]); i++){
       if( (z[i]&0xc0)!=0x80 ) n++;
     }
@@ -2659,7 +3126,8 @@ static void jsonArrayCompute(sqlite3_context *ctx, int isFinal){
       assert( pStr->bStatic );
     }else if( isFinal ){
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pStr->zBuf, (int)pStr->nUsed,
-                          pStr->bStatic ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT : sqlite3_free);
+                          pStr->bStatic ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT :
+                              sqlite3RCStrUnref);
       pStr->bStatic = 1;
     }else{
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pStr->zBuf, (int)pStr->nUsed, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
@@ -2700,7 +3168,7 @@ static void jsonGroupInverse(
   pStr = (JsonString*)sqlite3_aggregate_context(ctx, 0);
 #ifdef NEVER
   /* pStr is always non-NULL since jsonArrayStep() or jsonObjectStep() will
-  ** always have been called to initalize it */
+  ** always have been called to initialize it */
   if( NEVER(!pStr) ) return;
 #endif
   z = pStr->zBuf;
@@ -2767,7 +3235,8 @@ static void jsonObjectCompute(sqlite3_context *ctx, int isFinal){
       assert( pStr->bStatic );
     }else if( isFinal ){
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pStr->zBuf, (int)pStr->nUsed,
-                          pStr->bStatic ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT : sqlite3_free);
+                          pStr->bStatic ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT :
+                          sqlite3RCStrUnref);
       pStr->bStatic = 1;
     }else{
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pStr->zBuf, (int)pStr->nUsed, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
@@ -2835,7 +3304,7 @@ static int jsonEachConnect(
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argv);
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(argc);
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(pAux);
-  rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, 
+  rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db,
      "CREATE TABLE x(key,value,type,atom,id,parent,fullkey,path,"
                     "json HIDDEN,root HIDDEN)");
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -2878,7 +3347,6 @@ static int jsonEachOpenTree(sqlite3_vtab *p, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
 /* Reset a JsonEachCursor back to its original state.  Free any memory
 ** held. */
 static void jsonEachCursorReset(JsonEachCursor *p){
-  sqlite3_free(p->zJson);
   sqlite3_free(p->zRoot);
   jsonParseReset(&p->sParse);
   p->iRowid = 0;
@@ -3016,7 +3484,7 @@ static int jsonEachColumn(
     case JEACH_KEY: {
       if( p->i==0 ) break;
       if( p->eType==JSON_OBJECT ){
-        jsonReturn(pThis, ctx, 0);
+        jsonReturn(&p->sParse, pThis, ctx);
       }else if( p->eType==JSON_ARRAY ){
         u32 iKey;
         if( p->bRecursive ){
@@ -3032,7 +3500,7 @@ static int jsonEachColumn(
     }
     case JEACH_VALUE: {
       if( pThis->jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL ) pThis++;
-      jsonReturn(pThis, ctx, 0);
+      jsonReturn(&p->sParse, pThis, ctx);
       break;
     }
     case JEACH_TYPE: {
@@ -3043,11 +3511,11 @@ static int jsonEachColumn(
     case JEACH_ATOM: {
       if( pThis->jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL ) pThis++;
       if( pThis->eType>=JSON_ARRAY ) break;
-      jsonReturn(pThis, ctx, 0);
+      jsonReturn(&p->sParse, pThis, ctx);
       break;
     }
     case JEACH_ID: {
-      sqlite3_result_int64(ctx, 
+      sqlite3_result_int64(ctx,
          (sqlite3_int64)p->i + ((pThis->jnFlags & JNODE_LABEL)!=0));
       break;
     }
@@ -3147,8 +3615,8 @@ static int jsonEachBestIndex(
       idxMask |= iMask;
     }
   }
-  if( pIdxInfo->nOrderBy>0 
-   && pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[0].iColumn<0 
+  if( pIdxInfo->nOrderBy>0
+   && pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[0].iColumn<0
    && pIdxInfo->aOrderBy[0].desc==0
   ){
     pIdxInfo->orderByConsumed = 1;
@@ -3198,11 +3666,19 @@ static int jsonEachFilter(
   if( idxNum==0 ) return SQLITE_OK;
   z = (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
   if( z==0 ) return SQLITE_OK;
-  n = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
-  p->zJson = sqlite3_malloc64( n+1 );
-  if( p->zJson==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
-  memcpy(p->zJson, z, (size_t)n+1);
-  if( jsonParse(&p->sParse, 0, p->zJson) ){
+  memset(&p->sParse, 0, sizeof(p->sParse));
+  p->sParse.nJPRef = 1;
+  if( sqlite3ValueIsOfClass(argv[0], sqlite3RCStrUnref) ){
+    p->sParse.zJson = sqlite3RCStrRef((char*)z);
+  }else{
+    n = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
+    p->sParse.zJson = sqlite3RCStrNew( n+1 );
+    if( p->sParse.zJson==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    memcpy(p->sParse.zJson, z, (size_t)n+1);
+  }
+  p->sParse.bJsonIsRCStr = 1;
+  p->zJson = p->sParse.zJson;
+  if( jsonParse(&p->sParse, 0) ){
     int rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
     if( p->sParse.oom==0 ){
       sqlite3_free(cur->pVtab->zErrMsg);
@@ -3287,7 +3763,8 @@ static sqlite3_module jsonEachModule = {
   0,                         /* xSavepoint */
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                          /* xShadowName */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /* The methods of the json_tree virtual table. */
@@ -3315,7 +3792,8 @@ static sqlite3_module jsonTreeModule = {
   0,                         /* xSavepoint */
   0,                         /* xRelease */
   0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                          /* xShadowName */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_JSON) */
@@ -3348,10 +3826,10 @@ void sqlite3RegisterJsonFunctions(void){
     JFUNCTION(json_parse,         1, 0,  jsonParseFunc),
     JFUNCTION(json_test1,         1, 0,  jsonTest1Func),
 #endif
-    WAGGREGATE(json_group_array,  1, 0, 0, 
+    WAGGREGATE(json_group_array,  1, 0, 0,
        jsonArrayStep, jsonArrayFinal, jsonArrayValue, jsonGroupInverse,
        SQLITE_SUBTYPE|SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC),
-    WAGGREGATE(json_group_object, 2, 0, 0, 
+    WAGGREGATE(json_group_object, 2, 0, 0,
        jsonObjectStep, jsonObjectFinal, jsonObjectValue, jsonGroupInverse,
        SQLITE_SUBTYPE|SQLITE_UTF8|SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC)
   };
diff --git a/sqlite/src/loadext.c b/sqlite/src/loadext.c
index a00df653..7e0ae254 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/loadext.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/loadext.c
@@ -512,7 +512,12 @@ static const sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3Apis = {
   /* Version 3.40.0 and later */
   sqlite3_value_encoding,
   /* Version 3.41.0 and later */
-  sqlite3_is_interrupted
+  sqlite3_is_interrupted,
+  /* Version 3.43.0 and later */
+  sqlite3_stmt_explain,
+  /* Version 3.44.0 and later */
+  sqlite3_get_clientdata,
+  sqlite3_set_clientdata
 };
 
 /* True if x is the directory separator character
@@ -591,6 +596,10 @@ static int sqlite3LoadExtension(
   ** See https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/24083b579d.
   */
   if( nMsg>SQLITE_MAX_PATHLEN ) goto extension_not_found;
+
+  /* Do not allow sqlite3_load_extension() to link to a copy of the
+  ** running application, by passing in an empty filename. */
+  if( nMsg==0 ) goto extension_not_found;
     
   handle = sqlite3OsDlOpen(pVfs, zFile);
 #if SQLITE_OS_UNIX || SQLITE_OS_WIN
@@ -724,6 +733,9 @@ void sqlite3CloseExtensions(sqlite3 *db){
 ** default so as not to open security holes in older applications.
 */
 int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
   if( onoff ){
     db->flags |= SQLITE_LoadExtension|SQLITE_LoadExtFunc;
@@ -745,7 +757,7 @@ int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff){
 */
 typedef struct sqlite3AutoExtList sqlite3AutoExtList;
 static SQLITE_WSD struct sqlite3AutoExtList {
-  u32 nExt;              /* Number of entries in aExt[] */          
+  u32 nExt;              /* Number of entries in aExt[] */
   void (**aExt)(void);   /* Pointers to the extension init functions */
 } sqlite3Autoext = { 0, 0 };
 
@@ -773,6 +785,9 @@ int sqlite3_auto_extension(
   void (*xInit)(void)
 ){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( xInit==0 ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT
   rc = sqlite3_initialize();
   if( rc ){
@@ -825,6 +840,9 @@ int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(
   int i;
   int n = 0;
   wsdAutoextInit;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( xInit==0 ) return 0;
+#endif
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(mutex);
   for(i=(int)wsdAutoext.nExt-1; i>=0; i--){
     if( wsdAutoext.aExt[i]==xInit ){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/main.c b/sqlite/src/main.c
index d7f366b5..fbe00f5f 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/main.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/main.c
@@ -41,30 +41,20 @@ static int sqlite3TestExtInit(sqlite3 *db){
 ** Forward declarations of external module initializer functions
 ** for modules that need them.
 */
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1
-int sqlite3Fts1Init(sqlite3*);
-#endif
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2
-int sqlite3Fts2Init(sqlite3*);
-#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
 int sqlite3Fts5Init(sqlite3*);
 #endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMTVTAB
 int sqlite3StmtVtabInit(sqlite3*);
 #endif
-
+#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT
+int SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT(sqlite3*);
+#endif
 /*
 ** An array of pointers to extension initializer functions for
 ** built-in extensions.
 */
 static int (*const sqlite3BuiltinExtensions[])(sqlite3*) = {
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1
-  sqlite3Fts1Init,
-#endif
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2
-  sqlite3Fts2Init,
-#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3
   sqlite3Fts3Init,
 #endif
@@ -93,6 +83,9 @@ static int (*const sqlite3BuiltinExtensions[])(sqlite3*) = {
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_BYTECODE_VTAB
   sqlite3VdbeBytecodeVtabInit,
 #endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT
+  SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT,
+#endif
 };
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
@@ -103,7 +96,7 @@ const char sqlite3_version[] = SQLITE_VERSION;
 #endif
 
 /* IMPLEMENTATION-OF: R-53536-42575 The sqlite3_libversion() function returns
-** a pointer to the to the sqlite3_version[] string constant. 
+** a pointer to the to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.
 */
 const char *sqlite3_libversion(void){ return sqlite3_version; }
 
@@ -167,13 +160,39 @@ char *sqlite3_temp_directory = 0;
 char *sqlite3_data_directory = 0;
 
 /*
-** Initialize SQLite.  
+** Determine whether or not high-precision (long double) floating point
+** math works correctly on CPU currently running.
+*/
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE int hasHighPrecisionDouble(int rc){
+  if( sizeof(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE)<=8 ){
+    /* If the size of "long double" is not more than 8, then
+    ** high-precision math is not possible. */
+    return 0;
+  }else{
+    /* Just because sizeof(long double)>8 does not mean that the underlying
+    ** hardware actually supports high-precision floating point.  For example,
+    ** clearing the 0x100 bit in the floating-point control word on Intel
+    ** processors will make long double work like double, even though long
+    ** double takes up more space.  The only way to determine if long double
+    ** actually works is to run an experiment. */
+    LONGDOUBLE_TYPE a, b, c;
+    rc++;
+    a = 1.0+rc*0.1;
+    b = 1.0e+18+rc*25.0;
+    c = a+b;
+    return b!=c;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Initialize SQLite. 
 **
 ** This routine must be called to initialize the memory allocation,
 ** VFS, and mutex subsystems prior to doing any serious work with
 ** SQLite.  But as long as you do not compile with SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT
 ** this routine will be called automatically by key routines such as
-** sqlite3_open().  
+** sqlite3_open(). 
 **
 ** This routine is a no-op except on its very first call for the process,
 ** or for the first call after a call to sqlite3_shutdown.
@@ -226,7 +245,7 @@ int sqlite3_initialize(void){
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
 
-  /* Make sure the mutex subsystem is initialized.  If unable to 
+  /* Make sure the mutex subsystem is initialized.  If unable to
   ** initialize the mutex subsystem, return early with the error.
   ** If the system is so sick that we are unable to allocate a mutex,
   ** there is not much SQLite is going to be able to do.
@@ -308,7 +327,7 @@ int sqlite3_initialize(void){
     }
 #endif
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-      sqlite3PCacheBufferSetup( sqlite3GlobalConfig.pPage, 
+      sqlite3PCacheBufferSetup( sqlite3GlobalConfig.pPage,
           sqlite3GlobalConfig.szPage, sqlite3GlobalConfig.nPage);
       sqlite3MemoryBarrier();
       sqlite3GlobalConfig.isInit = 1;
@@ -361,6 +380,12 @@ int sqlite3_initialize(void){
   }
 #endif
 
+  /* Experimentally determine if high-precision floating point is
+  ** available. */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WSD
+  sqlite3Config.bUseLongDouble = hasHighPrecisionDouble(rc);
+#endif
+
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -539,7 +564,7 @@ int sqlite3_config(int op, ...){
       ** a single parameter which is a pointer to an integer and writes into
       ** that integer the number of extra bytes per page required for each page
       ** in SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE. */
-      *va_arg(ap, int*) = 
+      *va_arg(ap, int*) =
           sqlite3HeaderSizeBtree() +
           sqlite3HeaderSizePcache() +
           sqlite3HeaderSizePcache1();
@@ -626,7 +651,7 @@ int sqlite3_config(int op, ...){
       sqlite3GlobalConfig.nLookaside = va_arg(ap, int);
       break;
     }
-    
+   
     /* Record a pointer to the logger function and its first argument.
     ** The default is NULL.  Logging is disabled if the function pointer is
     ** NULL.
@@ -751,7 +776,7 @@ int sqlite3_config(int op, ...){
 
 /*
 ** Set up the lookaside buffers for a database connection.
-** Return SQLITE_OK on success.  
+** Return SQLITE_OK on success. 
 ** If lookaside is already active, return SQLITE_BUSY.
 **
 ** The sz parameter is the number of bytes in each lookaside slot.
@@ -766,12 +791,12 @@ static int setupLookaside(sqlite3 *db, void *pBuf, int sz, int cnt){
   sqlite3_int64 szAlloc = sz*(sqlite3_int64)cnt;
   int nBig;   /* Number of full-size slots */
   int nSm;    /* Number smaller LOOKASIDE_SMALL-byte slots */
-  
+ 
   if( sqlite3LookasideUsed(db,0)>0 ){
     return SQLITE_BUSY;
   }
   /* Free any existing lookaside buffer for this handle before
-  ** allocating a new one so we don't have to have space for 
+  ** allocating a new one so we don't have to have space for
   ** both at the same time.
   */
   if( db->lookaside.bMalloced ){
@@ -931,6 +956,10 @@ int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3 *db){
 int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3 *db, int op, ...){
   va_list ap;
   int rc;
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
   va_start(ap, op);
   switch( op ){
@@ -1051,7 +1080,7 @@ int sqlite3IsBinary(const CollSeq *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Another built-in collating sequence: NOCASE. 
+** Another built-in collating sequence: NOCASE.
 **
 ** This collating sequence is intended to be used for "case independent
 ** comparison". SQLite's knowledge of upper and lower case equivalents
@@ -1201,7 +1230,7 @@ static void disconnectAllVtab(sqlite3 *db){
 
 /*
 ** Return TRUE if database connection db has unfinalized prepared
-** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects.  
+** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects. 
 */
 static int connectionIsBusy(sqlite3 *db){
   int j;
@@ -1260,6 +1289,14 @@ static int sqlite3Close(sqlite3 *db, int forceZombie){
   }
 #endif
 
+  while( db->pDbData ){
+    DbClientData *p = db->pDbData;
+    db->pDbData = p->pNext;
+    assert( p->pData!=0 );
+    if( p->xDestructor ) p->xDestructor(p->pData);
+    sqlite3_free(p);
+  }
+
   /* Convert the connection into a zombie and then close it.
   */
   db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_ZOMBIE;
@@ -1417,7 +1454,7 @@ void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3 *db){
   /* The temp-database schema is allocated differently from the other schema
   ** objects (using sqliteMalloc() directly, instead of sqlite3BtreeSchema()).
   ** So it needs to be freed here. Todo: Why not roll the temp schema into
-  ** the same sqliteMalloc() as the one that allocates the database 
+  ** the same sqliteMalloc() as the one that allocates the database
   ** structure?
   */
   sqlite3DbFree(db, db->aDb[1].pSchema);
@@ -1448,7 +1485,7 @@ void sqlite3RollbackAll(sqlite3 *db, int tripCode){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
   sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
 
-  /* Obtain all b-tree mutexes before making any calls to BtreeRollback(). 
+  /* Obtain all b-tree mutexes before making any calls to BtreeRollback().
   ** This is important in case the transaction being rolled back has
   ** modified the database schema. If the b-tree mutexes are not taken
   ** here, then another shared-cache connection might sneak in between
@@ -1677,9 +1714,9 @@ static int sqliteDefaultBusyCallback(
   void *ptr,               /* Database connection */
   int count                /* Number of times table has been busy */
 ){
-#if SQLITE_OS_WIN || HAVE_USLEEP
+#if SQLITE_OS_WIN || !defined(HAVE_NANOSLEEP) || HAVE_NANOSLEEP
   /* This case is for systems that have support for sleeping for fractions of
-  ** a second.  Examples:  All windows systems, unix systems with usleep() */
+  ** a second.  Examples:  All windows systems, unix systems with nanosleep() */
   static const u8 delays[] =
      { 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 25,  25,  50,  50, 100 };
   static const u8 totals[] =
@@ -1734,7 +1771,7 @@ int sqlite3InvokeBusyHandler(BusyHandler *p){
   }else{
     p->nBusy++;
   }
-  return rc; 
+  return rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1765,9 +1802,9 @@ int sqlite3_busy_handler(
 ** be invoked every nOps opcodes.
 */
 void sqlite3_progress_handler(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
   int nOps,
-  int (*xProgress)(void*), 
+  int (*xProgress)(void*),
   void *pArg
 ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
@@ -1844,7 +1881,7 @@ int sqlite3_is_interrupted(sqlite3 *db){
 ** This function is exactly the same as sqlite3_create_function(), except
 ** that it is designed to be called by internal code. The difference is
 ** that if a malloc() fails in sqlite3_create_function(), an error code
-** is returned and the mallocFailed flag cleared. 
+** is returned and the mallocFailed flag cleared.
 */
 int sqlite3CreateFunc(
   sqlite3 *db,
@@ -1885,7 +1922,7 @@ int sqlite3CreateFunc(
   assert( SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE==SQLITE_INNOCUOUS );
   extraFlags ^= SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE;  /* tag-20230109-1 */
 
-  
+ 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
   /* If SQLITE_UTF16 is specified as the encoding type, transform this
   ** to one of SQLITE_UTF16LE or SQLITE_UTF16BE using the
@@ -1925,7 +1962,7 @@ int sqlite3CreateFunc(
 #else
   enc = SQLITE_UTF8;
 #endif
-  
+ 
   /* Check if an existing function is being overridden or deleted. If so,
   ** and there are active VMs, then return SQLITE_BUSY. If a function
   ** is being overridden/deleted but there are no active VMs, allow the
@@ -1934,7 +1971,7 @@ int sqlite3CreateFunc(
   p = sqlite3FindFunction(db, zFunctionName, nArg, (u8)enc, 0);
   if( p && (p->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_ENCMASK)==(u32)enc && p->nArg==nArg ){
     if( db->nVdbeActive ){
-      sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, SQLITE_BUSY, 
+      sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, SQLITE_BUSY,
         "unable to delete/modify user-function due to active statements");
       assert( !db->mallocFailed );
       return SQLITE_BUSY;
@@ -2013,7 +2050,7 @@ static int createFunctionApi(
     pArg->xDestroy = xDestroy;
     pArg->pUserData = p;
   }
-  rc = sqlite3CreateFunc(db, zFunc, nArg, enc, p, 
+  rc = sqlite3CreateFunc(db, zFunc, nArg, enc, p,
       xSFunc, xStep, xFinal, xValue, xInverse, pArg
   );
   if( pArg && pArg->nRef==0 ){
@@ -2130,7 +2167,7 @@ static void sqlite3InvalidFunction(
 **
 ** If the function already exists as a regular global function, then
 ** this routine is a no-op.  If the function does not exist, then create
-** a new one that always throws a run-time error.  
+** a new one that always throws a run-time error. 
 **
 ** When virtual tables intend to provide an overloaded function, they
 ** should call this routine to make sure the global function exists.
@@ -2163,7 +2200,7 @@ int sqlite3_overload_function(
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
 /*
 ** Register a trace function.  The pArg from the previously registered trace
-** is returned.  
+** is returned. 
 **
 ** A NULL trace function means that no tracing is executes.  A non-NULL
 ** trace is a pointer to a function that is invoked at the start of each
@@ -2214,8 +2251,8 @@ int sqlite3_trace_v2(
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
 /*
-** Register a profile function.  The pArg from the previously registered 
-** profile function is returned.  
+** Register a profile function.  The pArg from the previously registered
+** profile function is returned. 
 **
 ** A NULL profile function means that no profiling is executes.  A non-NULL
 ** profile is a pointer to a function that is invoked at the conclusion of
@@ -2334,6 +2371,12 @@ void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
   void *pArg                /* First callback argument */
 ){
   void *pRet;
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( db==0 ){
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
   pRet = db->pPreUpdateArg;
   db->xPreUpdateCallback = xCallback;
@@ -2349,7 +2392,7 @@ void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
 */
 int sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(
   sqlite3 *db,                 /* Attach the hook to this database */
-  unsigned int (*xCallback)(void*,const char*,u32,u32,u32), 
+  unsigned int (*xCallback)(void*,const char*,u32,u32,u32),
   void *pArg,                  /* Argument to the function */
   void (*xDestructor)(void*)   /* Destructor for pArg */
 ){
@@ -2377,7 +2420,7 @@ int sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(
 ** Invoke sqlite3_wal_checkpoint if the number of frames in the log file
 ** is greater than sqlite3.pWalArg cast to an integer (the value configured by
 ** wal_autocheckpoint()).
-*/ 
+*/
 int sqlite3WalDefaultHook(
   void *pClientData,     /* Argument */
   sqlite3 *db,           /* Connection */
@@ -2480,7 +2523,7 @@ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
   if( eMode<SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE || eMode>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE ){
     /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-03996-12088 The M parameter must be a valid checkpoint
     ** mode: */
-    return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
   }
 
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
@@ -2513,7 +2556,7 @@ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
 
 /*
 ** Checkpoint database zDb. If zDb is NULL, or if the buffer zDb points
-** to contains a zero-length string, all attached databases are 
+** to contains a zero-length string, all attached databases are
 ** checkpointed.
 */
 int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb){
@@ -2527,9 +2570,9 @@ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb){
 ** Run a checkpoint on database iDb. This is a no-op if database iDb is
 ** not currently open in WAL mode.
 **
-** If a transaction is open on the database being checkpointed, this 
-** function returns SQLITE_LOCKED and a checkpoint is not attempted. If 
-** an error occurs while running the checkpoint, an SQLite error code is 
+** If a transaction is open on the database being checkpointed, this
+** function returns SQLITE_LOCKED and a checkpoint is not attempted. If
+** an error occurs while running the checkpoint, an SQLite error code is
 ** returned (i.e. SQLITE_IOERR). Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
 **
 ** The mutex on database handle db should be held by the caller. The mutex
@@ -2713,7 +2756,7 @@ int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db){
 }
 int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3 *db){
   return db ? db->iSysErrno : 0;
-}  
+} 
 
 /*
 ** Return a string that describes the kind of error specified in the
@@ -2730,7 +2773,7 @@ const char *sqlite3_errstr(int rc){
 */
 static int createCollation(
   sqlite3* db,
-  const char *zName, 
+  const char *zName,
   u8 enc,
   void* pCtx,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
@@ -2738,7 +2781,7 @@ static int createCollation(
 ){
   CollSeq *pColl;
   int enc2;
-  
+ 
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
 
   /* If SQLITE_UTF16 is specified as the encoding type, transform this
@@ -2755,14 +2798,14 @@ static int createCollation(
     return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
   }
 
-  /* Check if this call is removing or replacing an existing collation 
+  /* Check if this call is removing or replacing an existing collation
   ** sequence. If so, and there are active VMs, return busy. If there
   ** are no active VMs, invalidate any pre-compiled statements.
   */
   pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, (u8)enc2, zName, 0);
   if( pColl && pColl->xCmp ){
     if( db->nVdbeActive ){
-      sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, SQLITE_BUSY, 
+      sqlite3ErrorWithMsg(db, SQLITE_BUSY,
         "unable to delete/modify collation sequence due to active statements");
       return SQLITE_BUSY;
     }
@@ -2773,7 +2816,7 @@ static int createCollation(
     ** then any copies made by synthCollSeq() need to be invalidated.
     ** Also, collation destructor - CollSeq.xDel() - function may need
     ** to be called.
-    */ 
+    */
     if( (pColl->enc & ~SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED)==enc2 ){
       CollSeq *aColl = sqlite3HashFind(&db->aCollSeq, zName);
       int j;
@@ -2924,7 +2967,7 @@ int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3 *db, int limitId, int newLimit){
 ** query parameter. The second argument contains the URI (or non-URI filename)
 ** itself. When this function is called the *pFlags variable should contain
 ** the default flags to open the database handle with. The value stored in
-** *pFlags may be updated before returning if the URI filename contains 
+** *pFlags may be updated before returning if the URI filename contains
 ** "cache=xxx" or "mode=xxx" query parameters.
 **
 ** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. In this case *ppVfs is set to point to
@@ -2936,7 +2979,7 @@ int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3 *db, int limitId, int newLimit){
 ** the value returned in *pzFile to avoid a memory leak.
 **
 ** If an error occurs, then an SQLite error code is returned and *pzErrMsg
-** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error 
+** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
 ** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually release
 ** this buffer by calling sqlite3_free().
 */
@@ -2944,7 +2987,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
   const char *zDefaultVfs,        /* VFS to use if no "vfs=xxx" query option */
   const char *zUri,               /* Nul-terminated URI to parse */
   unsigned int *pFlags,           /* IN/OUT: SQLITE_OPEN_XXX flags */
-  sqlite3_vfs **ppVfs,            /* OUT: VFS to use */ 
+  sqlite3_vfs **ppVfs,            /* OUT: VFS to use */
   char **pzFile,                  /* OUT: Filename component of URI */
   char **pzErrMsg                 /* OUT: Error message (if rc!=SQLITE_OK) */
 ){
@@ -2967,7 +3010,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
     int iOut = 0;                 /* Output character index */
     u64 nByte = nUri+8;           /* Bytes of space to allocate */
 
-    /* Make sure the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set to indicate to the VFS xOpen 
+    /* Make sure the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set to indicate to the VFS xOpen
     ** method that there may be extra parameters following the file-name.  */
     flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_URI;
 
@@ -2985,7 +3028,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
       /* The following condition causes URIs with five leading / characters
       ** like file://///host/path to be converted into UNCs like //host/path.
       ** The correct URI for that UNC has only two or four leading / characters
-      ** file://host/path or file:////host/path.  But 5 leading slashes is a 
+      ** file://host/path or file:////host/path.  But 5 leading slashes is a
       ** common error, we are told, so we handle it as a special case. */
       if( strncmp(zUri+7, "///", 3)==0 ){ iIn++; }
     }else if( strncmp(zUri+5, "//localhost/", 12)==0 ){
@@ -2997,7 +3040,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
       iIn = 7;
       while( zUri[iIn] && zUri[iIn]!='/' ) iIn++;
       if( iIn!=7 && (iIn!=16 || memcmp("localhost", &zUri[7], 9)) ){
-        *pzErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("invalid uri authority: %.*s", 
+        *pzErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("invalid uri authority: %.*s",
             iIn-7, &zUri[7]);
         rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
         goto parse_uri_out;
@@ -3005,8 +3048,8 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
     }
 #endif
 
-    /* Copy the filename and any query parameters into the zFile buffer. 
-    ** Decode %HH escape codes along the way. 
+    /* Copy the filename and any query parameters into the zFile buffer.
+    ** Decode %HH escape codes along the way.
     **
     ** Within this loop, variable eState may be set to 0, 1 or 2, depending
     ** on the parsing context. As follows:
@@ -3018,9 +3061,9 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
     eState = 0;
     while( (c = zUri[iIn])!=0 && c!='#' ){
       iIn++;
-      if( c=='%' 
-       && sqlite3Isxdigit(zUri[iIn]) 
-       && sqlite3Isxdigit(zUri[iIn+1]) 
+      if( c=='%'
+       && sqlite3Isxdigit(zUri[iIn])
+       && sqlite3Isxdigit(zUri[iIn+1])
       ){
         int octet = (sqlite3HexToInt(zUri[iIn++]) << 4);
         octet += sqlite3HexToInt(zUri[iIn++]);
@@ -3032,7 +3075,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
           ** case we ignore all text in the remainder of the path, name or
           ** value currently being parsed. So ignore the current character
           ** and skip to the next "?", "=" or "&", as appropriate. */
-          while( (c = zUri[iIn])!=0 && c!='#' 
+          while( (c = zUri[iIn])!=0 && c!='#'
               && (eState!=0 || c!='?')
               && (eState!=1 || (c!='=' && c!='&'))
               && (eState!=2 || c!='&')
@@ -3069,7 +3112,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
     if( eState==1 ) zFile[iOut++] = '\0';
     memset(zFile+iOut, 0, 4); /* end-of-options + empty journal filenames */
 
-    /* Check if there were any options specified that should be interpreted 
+    /* Check if there were any options specified that should be interpreted
     ** here. Options that are interpreted here include "vfs" and those that
     ** correspond to flags that may be passed to the sqlite3_open_v2()
     ** method. */
@@ -3105,7 +3148,7 @@ int sqlite3ParseUri(
         if( nOpt==4 && memcmp("mode", zOpt, 4)==0 ){
           static struct OpenMode aOpenMode[] = {
             { "ro",  SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY },
-            { "rw",  SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE }, 
+            { "rw",  SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE },
             { "rwc", SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE },
             { "memory", SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY },
             { 0, 0 }
@@ -3192,7 +3235,7 @@ static const char *uriParameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam){
 
 /*
 ** This routine does the work of opening a database on behalf of
-** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16(). The database filename "zFilename"  
+** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16(). The database filename "zFilename" 
 ** is UTF-8 encoded.
 */
 static int openDatabase(
@@ -3245,11 +3288,11 @@ static int openDatabase(
   flags &=  ~( SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE |
                SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE |
                SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB |
-               SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB | 
-               SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB | 
-               SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL | 
-               SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL | 
-               SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL | 
+               SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB |
+               SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB |
+               SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL |
+               SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL |
+               SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL |
                SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL |
                SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX |
                SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX |
@@ -3259,7 +3302,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
   /* Allocate the sqlite data structure */
   db = sqlite3MallocZero( sizeof(sqlite3) );
   if( db==0 ) goto opendb_out;
-  if( isThreadsafe 
+  if( isThreadsafe
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_CHECKS
    || sqlite3GlobalConfig.bCoreMutex
 #endif
@@ -3291,7 +3334,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
   db->nextPagesize = 0;
   db->init.azInit = sqlite3StdType; /* Any array of string ptrs will do */
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_MMAP
-  /* Beginning with version 3.37.0, using the VFS xFetch() API to memory-map 
+  /* Beginning with version 3.37.0, using the VFS xFetch() API to memory-map
   ** the temporary files used to do external sorts (see code in vdbesort.c)
   ** is disabled. It can still be used either by defining
   ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_MMAP at compile time or by using the
@@ -3310,14 +3353,14 @@ static int openDatabase(
 **
 **    SQLITE_DQS     SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL    SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML
 **    ----------     -----------------------    -----------------------
-**     undefined               on                          on   
+**     undefined               on                          on
 **         3                   on                          on
 **         2                   on                         off
 **         1                  off                          on
 **         0                  off                         off
 **
 ** Legacy behavior is 3 (double-quoted string literals are allowed anywhere)
-** and so that is the default.  But developers are encouranged to use
+** and so that is the default.  But developers are encouraged to use
 ** -DSQLITE_DQS=0 (best) or -DSQLITE_DQS=1 (second choice) if possible.
 */
 #if !defined(SQLITE_DQS)
@@ -3406,7 +3449,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
 
   /* Parse the filename/URI argument
   **
-  ** Only allow sensible combinations of bits in the flags argument.  
+  ** Only allow sensible combinations of bits in the flags argument. 
   ** Throw an error if any non-sense combination is used.  If we
   ** do not block illegal combinations here, it could trigger
   ** assert() statements in deeper layers.  Sensible combinations
@@ -3460,7 +3503,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
   db->aDb[1].pSchema = sqlite3SchemaGet(db, 0);
 
   /* The default safety_level for the main database is FULL; for the temp
-  ** database it is OFF. This matches the pager layer defaults.  
+  ** database it is OFF. This matches the pager layer defaults. 
   */
   db->aDb[0].zDbSName = "main";
   db->aDb[0].safety_level = SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS+1;
@@ -3499,7 +3542,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS
   /* Testing use only!!! The -DSQLITE_ENABLE_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS=1 compile-time
-  ** option gives access to internal functions by default.  
+  ** option gives access to internal functions by default. 
   ** Testing use only!!! */
   db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_InternalFunc;
 #endif
@@ -3553,8 +3596,8 @@ static int openDatabase(
 ** Open a new database handle.
 */
 int sqlite3_open(
-  const char *zFilename, 
-  sqlite3 **ppDb 
+  const char *zFilename,
+  sqlite3 **ppDb
 ){
   return openDatabase(zFilename, ppDb,
                       SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, 0);
@@ -3573,7 +3616,7 @@ int sqlite3_open_v2(
 ** Open a new database handle.
 */
 int sqlite3_open16(
-  const void *zFilename, 
+  const void *zFilename,
   sqlite3 **ppDb
 ){
   char const *zFilename8;   /* zFilename encoded in UTF-8 instead of UTF-16 */
@@ -3612,9 +3655,9 @@ int sqlite3_open16(
 ** Register a new collation sequence with the database handle db.
 */
 int sqlite3_create_collation(
-  sqlite3* db, 
-  const char *zName, 
-  int enc, 
+  sqlite3* db,
+  const char *zName,
+  int enc,
   void* pCtx,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
 ){
@@ -3625,9 +3668,9 @@ int sqlite3_create_collation(
 ** Register a new collation sequence with the database handle db.
 */
 int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
-  sqlite3* db, 
-  const char *zName, 
-  int enc, 
+  sqlite3* db,
+  const char *zName,
+  int enc,
   void* pCtx,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
   void(*xDel)(void*)
@@ -3650,9 +3693,9 @@ int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
 ** Register a new collation sequence with the database handle db.
 */
 int sqlite3_create_collation16(
-  sqlite3* db, 
+  sqlite3* db,
   const void *zName,
-  int enc, 
+  int enc,
   void* pCtx,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
 ){
@@ -3680,8 +3723,8 @@ int sqlite3_create_collation16(
 ** db. Replace any previously installed collation sequence factory.
 */
 int sqlite3_collation_needed(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
-  void *pCollNeededArg, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  void *pCollNeededArg,
   void(*xCollNeeded)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
 ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
@@ -3701,8 +3744,8 @@ int sqlite3_collation_needed(
 ** db. Replace any previously installed collation sequence factory.
 */
 int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
-  void *pCollNeededArg, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  void *pCollNeededArg,
   void(*xCollNeeded16)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
 ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
@@ -3717,6 +3760,69 @@ int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16 */
 
+/*
+** Find existing client data.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_get_clientdata(sqlite3 *db, const char *zName){
+  DbClientData *p;
+  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
+  for(p=db->pDbData; p; p=p->pNext){
+    if( strcmp(p->zName, zName)==0 ){
+      void *pResult = p->pData;
+      sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
+      return pResult;
+    }
+  }
+  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Add new client data to a database connection.
+*/
+int sqlite3_set_clientdata(
+  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Attach client data to this connection */
+  const char *zName,             /* Name of the client data */
+  void *pData,                   /* The client data itself */
+  void (*xDestructor)(void*)     /* Destructor */
+){
+  DbClientData *p, **pp;
+  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
+  pp = &db->pDbData;
+  for(p=db->pDbData; p && strcmp(p->zName,zName); p=p->pNext){
+    pp = &p->pNext;
+  }
+  if( p ){
+    assert( p->pData!=0 );
+    if( p->xDestructor ) p->xDestructor(p->pData);
+    if( pData==0 ){
+      *pp = p->pNext;
+      sqlite3_free(p);
+      sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
+      return SQLITE_OK;
+    }
+  }else if( pData==0 ){
+    sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
+    return SQLITE_OK;
+  }else{
+    size_t n = strlen(zName);
+    p = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(DbClientData)+n+1 );
+    if( p==0 ){
+      if( xDestructor ) xDestructor(pData);
+      sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
+      return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }
+    memcpy(p->zName, zName, n+1);
+    p->pNext = db->pDbData;
+    db->pDbData = p;
+  }
+  p->pData = pData;
+  p->xDestructor = xDestructor;
+  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
+  return SQLITE_OK;
+}
+
+
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
 /*
 ** This function is now an anachronism. It used to be used to recover from a
@@ -3852,7 +3958,7 @@ int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
 
   /* Find the column for which info is requested */
   if( zColumnName==0 ){
-    /* Query for existance of table only */
+    /* Query for existence of table only */
   }else{
     for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nCol; iCol++){
       pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
@@ -3874,13 +3980,13 @@ int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
   /* The following block stores the meta information that will be returned
   ** to the caller in local variables zDataType, zCollSeq, notnull, primarykey
   ** and autoinc. At this point there are two possibilities:
-  ** 
-  **     1. The specified column name was rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" 
-  **        and there is no explicitly declared IPK column. 
   **
-  **     2. The table is not a view and the column name identified an 
+  **     1. The specified column name was rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_"
+  **        and there is no explicitly declared IPK column.
+  **
+  **     2. The table is not a view and the column name identified an
   **        explicitly declared column. Copy meta information from *pCol.
-  */ 
+  */
   if( pCol ){
     zDataType = sqlite3ColumnType(pCol,0);
     zCollSeq = sqlite3ColumnColl(pCol);
@@ -3930,7 +4036,7 @@ int sqlite3_sleep(int ms){
   pVfs = sqlite3_vfs_find(0);
   if( pVfs==0 ) return 0;
 
-  /* This function works in milliseconds, but the underlying OsSleep() 
+  /* This function works in milliseconds, but the underlying OsSleep()
   ** API uses microseconds. Hence the 1000's.
   */
   rc = (sqlite3OsSleep(pVfs, ms<0 ? 0 : 1000*ms)/1000);
@@ -4066,6 +4172,28 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
     }
 #endif
 
+    /*  sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION, sqlite3 *db, int b);
+    **
+    ** If b is true, then activate the SQLITE_FkNoAction setting.  If b is
+    ** false then clearn that setting.  If the SQLITE_FkNoAction setting is
+    ** abled, all foreign key ON DELETE and ON UPDATE actions behave as if
+    ** they were NO ACTION, regardless of how they are defined.
+    **
+    ** NB:  One must usually run "PRAGMA writable_schema=RESET" after
+    ** using this test-control, before it will take full effect.  failing
+    ** to reset the schema can result in some unexpected behavior.
+    */
+    case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION: {
+      sqlite3 *db = va_arg(ap, sqlite3*);
+      int b = va_arg(ap, int);
+      if( b ){
+        db->flags |= SQLITE_FkNoAction;
+      }else{
+        db->flags &= ~SQLITE_FkNoAction;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+
     /*
     **  sqlite3_test_control(BITVEC_TEST, size, program)
     **
@@ -4110,7 +4238,7 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
     /*
     **  sqlite3_test_control(BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS, xBegin, xEnd)
     **
-    ** Register hooks to call to indicate which malloc() failures 
+    ** Register hooks to call to indicate which malloc() failures
     ** are benign.
     */
     case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS: {
@@ -4172,10 +4300,12 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
         sqlite3ShowSrcList(0);
         sqlite3ShowWith(0);
         sqlite3ShowUpsert(0);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
         sqlite3ShowTriggerStep(0);
         sqlite3ShowTriggerStepList(0);
         sqlite3ShowTrigger(0);
         sqlite3ShowTriggerList(0);
+#endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
         sqlite3ShowWindow(0);
         sqlite3ShowWinFunc(0);
@@ -4230,7 +4360,7 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
     **      10     little-endian, determined at run-time
     **  432101     big-endian,    determined at compile-time
     **  123410     little-endian, determined at compile-time
-    */ 
+    */
     case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER: {
       rc = SQLITE_BYTEORDER*100 + SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN*10 + SQLITE_BIGENDIAN;
       break;
@@ -4238,7 +4368,7 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
 
     /*  sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS, sqlite3 *db, int N)
     **
-    ** Enable or disable various optimizations for testing purposes.  The 
+    ** Enable or disable various optimizations for testing purposes.  The
     ** argument N is a bitmask of optimizations to be disabled.  For normal
     ** operation N should be 0.  The idea is that a test program (like the
     ** SQL Logic Test or SLT test module) can run the same SQL multiple times
@@ -4292,7 +4422,7 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
     ** formed and never corrupt.  This flag is clear by default, indicating that
     ** database files might have arbitrary corruption.  Setting the flag during
     ** testing causes certain assert() statements in the code to be activated
-    ** that demonstrat invariants on well-formed database files.
+    ** that demonstrate invariants on well-formed database files.
     */
     case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT: {
       sqlite3GlobalConfig.neverCorrupt = va_arg(ap, int);
@@ -4328,7 +4458,7 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
 
     /*   sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE, xCallback, ptr);
     **
-    ** Set the VDBE coverage callback function to xCallback with context 
+    ** Set the VDBE coverage callback function to xCallback with context
     ** pointer ptr.
     */
     case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE: {
@@ -4442,11 +4572,11 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
 
     /*  sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, op, ptr)
     **
-    **  "ptr" is a pointer to a u32.  
+    **  "ptr" is a pointer to a u32. 
     **
     **   op==0       Store the current sqlite3TreeTrace in *ptr
     **   op==1       Set sqlite3TreeTrace to the value *ptr
-    **   op==3       Store the current sqlite3WhereTrace in *ptr
+    **   op==2       Store the current sqlite3WhereTrace in *ptr
     **   op==3       Set sqlite3WhereTrace to the value *ptr
     */
     case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS: {
@@ -4481,7 +4611,24 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...){
       *pI2 = sqlite3LogEst(*pU64);
       break;
     }
- 
+
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WSD)
+    /* sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE, int X);
+    **
+    **   X<0     Make no changes to the bUseLongDouble.  Just report value.
+    **   X==0    Disable bUseLongDouble
+    **   X==1    Enable bUseLongDouble
+    **   X>=2    Set bUseLongDouble to its default value for this platform
+    */
+    case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE: {
+      int b = va_arg(ap, int);
+      if( b>=2 ) b = hasHighPrecisionDouble(b);
+      if( b>=0 ) sqlite3Config.bUseLongDouble = b>0;
+      rc = sqlite3Config.bUseLongDouble!=0;
+      break;
+    }
+#endif
+
 
 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WSD)
     /* sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE, id, *piValue)
@@ -4597,7 +4744,7 @@ void sqlite3_free_filename(const char *p){
 
 /*
 ** This is a utility routine, useful to VFS implementations, that checks
-** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query 
+** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of the query parameter.
 **
 ** The zFilename argument is the filename pointer passed into the xOpen()
@@ -4745,11 +4892,11 @@ int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName){
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
 /*
-** Obtain a snapshot handle for the snapshot of database zDb currently 
+** Obtain a snapshot handle for the snapshot of database zDb currently
 ** being read by handle db.
 */
 int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
   const char *zDb,
   sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
 ){
@@ -4782,11 +4929,11 @@ int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
 }
 
 /*
-** Open a read-transaction on the snapshot idendified by pSnapshot.
+** Open a read-transaction on the snapshot identified by pSnapshot.
 */
 int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
-  const char *zDb, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  const char *zDb,
   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
 ){
   int rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
@@ -4888,8 +5035,8 @@ int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName){
   int i, n;
   int nOpt;
   const char **azCompileOpt;
- 
-#if SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
   if( zOptName==0 ){
     (void)SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
     return 0;
@@ -4901,7 +5048,7 @@ int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName){
   if( sqlite3StrNICmp(zOptName, "SQLITE_", 7)==0 ) zOptName += 7;
   n = sqlite3Strlen30(zOptName);
 
-  /* Since nOpt is normally in single digits, a linear search is 
+  /* Since nOpt is normally in single digits, a linear search is
   ** adequate. No need for a binary search. */
   for(i=0; i<nOpt; i++){
     if( sqlite3StrNICmp(zOptName, azCompileOpt[i], n)==0
diff --git a/sqlite/src/malloc.c b/sqlite/src/malloc.c
index 48c46006..35675068 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/malloc.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/malloc.c
@@ -896,5 +896,5 @@ int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3* db, int rc){
   if( db->mallocFailed || rc ){
     return apiHandleError(db, rc);
   }
-  return rc & db->errMask;
+  return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/src/mem1.c b/sqlite/src/mem1.c
index 512ab374..12f96bea 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/mem1.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/mem1.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ static void *sqlite3MemMalloc(int nByte){
 ** or sqlite3MemRealloc().
 **
 ** For this low-level routine, we already know that pPrior!=0 since
-** cases where pPrior==0 will have been intecepted and dealt with
+** cases where pPrior==0 will have been intercepted and dealt with
 ** by higher-level routines.
 */
 static void sqlite3MemFree(void *pPrior){
@@ -244,13 +244,13 @@ static int sqlite3MemInit(void *NotUsed){
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
   len = sizeof(cpuCount);
-  /* One usually wants to use hw.acctivecpu for MT decisions, but not here */
+  /* One usually wants to use hw.activecpu for MT decisions, but not here */
   sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &cpuCount, &len, NULL, 0);
   if( cpuCount>1 ){
     /* defer MT decisions to system malloc */
     _sqliteZone_ = malloc_default_zone();
   }else{
-    /* only 1 core, use our own zone to contention over global locks, 
+    /* only 1 core, use our own zone to contention over global locks,
     ** e.g. we have our own dedicated locks */
     _sqliteZone_ = malloc_create_zone(4096, 0);
     malloc_set_zone_name(_sqliteZone_, "Sqlite_Heap");
diff --git a/sqlite/src/mutex.c b/sqlite/src/mutex.c
index 13a9fca1..381ffbdf 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/mutex.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/mutex.c
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ static void checkMutexFree(sqlite3_mutex *p){
   assert( SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST<2 );
   assert( SQLITE_MUTEX_WARNONCONTENTION<2 );
 
-#if SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
   if( ((CheckMutex*)p)->iType<2 )
 #endif
   {
diff --git a/sqlite/src/mutex_unix.c b/sqlite/src/mutex_unix.c
index 2afaddec..beae877f 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/mutex_unix.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/mutex_unix.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 /*
 ** The sqlite3_mutex.id, sqlite3_mutex.nRef, and sqlite3_mutex.owner fields
-** are necessary under two condidtions:  (1) Debug builds and (2) using
+** are necessary under two conditions:  (1) Debug builds and (2) using
 ** home-grown mutexes.  Encapsulate these conditions into a single #define.
 */
 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_HOMEGROWN_RECURSIVE_MUTEX)
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mutex {
 ** there might be race conditions that can cause these routines to
 ** deliver incorrect results.  In particular, if pthread_equal() is
 ** not an atomic operation, then these routines might delivery
-** incorrect results.  On most platforms, pthread_equal() is a 
+** incorrect results.  On most platforms, pthread_equal() is a
 ** comparison of two integers and is therefore atomic.  But we are
 ** told that HPUX is not such a platform.  If so, then these routines
 ** will not always work correctly on HPUX.
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ static int pthreadMutexEnd(void){ return SQLITE_OK; }
 **
 ** Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
-** returns a different mutex on every call.  But for the static 
+** returns a different mutex on every call.  But for the static
 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
 ** the same type number.
 */
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ static sqlite3_mutex *pthreadMutexAlloc(int iType){
 */
 static void pthreadMutexFree(sqlite3_mutex *p){
   assert( p->nRef==0 );
-#if SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
   if( p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST || p->id==SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE )
 #endif
   {
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ static void pthreadMutexEnter(sqlite3_mutex *p){
   ** is atomic - that it cannot be deceived into thinking self
   ** and p->owner are equal if p->owner changes between two values
   ** that are not equal to self while the comparison is taking place.
-  ** This implementation also assumes a coherent cache - that 
+  ** This implementation also assumes a coherent cache - that
   ** separate processes cannot read different values from the same
   ** address at the same time.  If either of these two conditions
   ** are not met, then the mutexes will fail and problems will result.
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ static int pthreadMutexTry(sqlite3_mutex *p){
   ** is atomic - that it cannot be deceived into thinking self
   ** and p->owner are equal if p->owner changes between two values
   ** that are not equal to self while the comparison is taking place.
-  ** This implementation also assumes a coherent cache - that 
+  ** This implementation also assumes a coherent cache - that
   ** separate processes cannot read different values from the same
   ** address at the same time.  If either of these two conditions
   ** are not met, then the mutexes will fail and problems will result.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/mutex_w32.c b/sqlite/src/mutex_w32.c
index 09deda40..e0e0dfb0 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/mutex_w32.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/mutex_w32.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mutex {
   CRITICAL_SECTION mutex;    /* Mutex controlling the lock */
   int id;                    /* Mutex type */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-  volatile int nRef;         /* Number of enterances */
+  volatile int nRef;         /* Number of entrances */
   volatile DWORD owner;      /* Thread holding this mutex */
   volatile LONG trace;       /* True to trace changes */
 #endif
diff --git a/sqlite/src/notify.c b/sqlite/src/notify.c
index 4960ab76..6a4cab87 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/notify.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/notify.c
@@ -152,6 +152,9 @@ int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
 ){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
   enterMutex();
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/os.c b/sqlite/src/os.c
index e2914e03..a9fc732e 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/os.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/os.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ int sqlite3OsFileControl(sqlite3_file *id, int op, void *pArg){
     /* Faults are not injected into COMMIT_PHASETWO because, assuming SQLite
     ** is using a regular VFS, it is called after the corresponding
     ** transaction has been committed. Injecting a fault at this point
-    ** confuses the test scripts - the COMMIT comand returns SQLITE_NOMEM
+    ** confuses the test scripts - the COMMIT command returns SQLITE_NOMEM
     ** but the transaction is committed anyway.
     **
     ** The core must call OsFileControl() though, not OsFileControlHint(),
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ int sqlite3OsRandomness(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nByte, char *zBufOut){
   }else{
     return pVfs->xRandomness(pVfs, nByte, zBufOut);
   }
-  
+
 }
 int sqlite3OsSleep(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int nMicro){
   return pVfs->xSleep(pVfs, nMicro);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/os_unix.c b/sqlite/src/os_unix.c
index d0ebb86b..a33e6f4d 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/os_unix.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/os_unix.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 ** This source file is organized into divisions where the logic for various
 ** subfunctions is contained within the appropriate division.  PLEASE
 ** KEEP THE STRUCTURE OF THIS FILE INTACT.  New code should be placed
-** in the correct division and should be clearly labeled.
+** in the correct division and should be clearly labelled.
 **
 ** The layout of divisions is as follows:
 **
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 ** Styles 4, 5, and 7 are only available of SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
 ** is defined to 1.  The SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE also enables automatic
 ** selection of the appropriate locking style based on the filesystem
-** where the database is located.  
+** where the database is located.
 */
 #if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE)
 #  if defined(__APPLE__)
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Only set the lastErrno if the error code is a real error and not 
+** Only set the lastErrno if the error code is a real error and not
 ** a normal expected return code of SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_OK
 */
 #define IS_LOCK_ERROR(x)  ((x != SQLITE_OK) && (x != SQLITE_BUSY))
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ struct unixFile {
   ** whenever any part of the database changes.  An assertion fault will
   ** occur if a file is updated without also updating the transaction
   ** counter.  This test is made to avoid new problems similar to the
-  ** one described by ticket #3584. 
+  ** one described by ticket #3584.
   */
   unsigned char transCntrChng;   /* True if the transaction counter changed */
   unsigned char dbUpdate;        /* True if any part of database file changed */
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ struct unixFile {
 #endif
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
-  /* In test mode, increase the size of this structure a bit so that 
+  /* In test mode, increase the size of this structure a bit so that
   ** it is larger than the struct CrashFile defined in test6.c.
   */
   char aPadding[32];
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ static struct unix_syscall {
 #ifdef __DJGPP__
   { "fstat",        0,                 0  },
 #define osFstat(a,b,c)    0
-#else     
+#else   
   { "fstat",        (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)fstat,      0  },
 #define osFstat     ((int(*)(int,struct stat*))aSyscall[5].pCurrent)
 #endif
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ static int robustFchown(int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid){
 
 /*
 ** This is the xSetSystemCall() method of sqlite3_vfs for all of the
-** "unix" VFSes.  Return SQLITE_OK opon successfully updating the
+** "unix" VFSes.  Return SQLITE_OK upon successfully updating the
 ** system call pointer, or SQLITE_NOTFOUND if there is no configurable
 ** system call named zName.
 */
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ static const char *unixNextSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs *p, const char *zName){
 
 /*
 ** Do not accept any file descriptor less than this value, in order to avoid
-** opening database file using file descriptors that are commonly used for 
+** opening database file using file descriptors that are commonly used for
 ** standard input, output, and error.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_MINIMUM_FILE_DESCRIPTOR
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ static int robust_open(const char *z, int f, mode_t m){
       (void)osUnlink(z);
     }
     osClose(fd);
-    sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, 
+    sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING,
                 "attempt to open \"%s\" as file descriptor %d", z, fd);
     fd = -1;
     if( osOpen("/dev/null", O_RDONLY, m)<0 ) break;
@@ -742,9 +742,9 @@ static int robust_open(const char *z, int f, mode_t m){
   if( fd>=0 ){
     if( m!=0 ){
       struct stat statbuf;
-      if( osFstat(fd, &statbuf)==0 
+      if( osFstat(fd, &statbuf)==0
        && statbuf.st_size==0
-       && (statbuf.st_mode&0777)!=m 
+       && (statbuf.st_mode&0777)!=m
       ){
         osFchmod(fd, m);
       }
@@ -759,11 +759,11 @@ static int robust_open(const char *z, int f, mode_t m){
 /*
 ** Helper functions to obtain and relinquish the global mutex. The
 ** global mutex is used to protect the unixInodeInfo and
-** vxworksFileId objects used by this file, all of which may be 
+** vxworksFileId objects used by this file, all of which may be
 ** shared by multiple threads.
 **
-** Function unixMutexHeld() is used to assert() that the global mutex 
-** is held when required. This function is only used as part of assert() 
+** Function unixMutexHeld() is used to assert() that the global mutex
+** is held when required. This function is only used as part of assert()
 ** statements. e.g.
 **
 **   unixEnterMutex()
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ static int lockTrace(int fd, int op, struct flock *p){
 static int robust_ftruncate(int h, sqlite3_int64 sz){
   int rc;
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
-  /* On Android, ftruncate() always uses 32-bit offsets, even if 
+  /* On Android, ftruncate() always uses 32-bit offsets, even if
   ** _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 is defined. This means it is unsafe to attempt to
   ** truncate a file to any size larger than 2GiB. Silently ignore any
   ** such attempts.  */
@@ -901,32 +901,32 @@ static int robust_ftruncate(int h, sqlite3_int64 sz){
 ** This routine translates a standard POSIX errno code into something
 ** useful to the clients of the sqlite3 functions.  Specifically, it is
 ** intended to translate a variety of "try again" errors into SQLITE_BUSY
-** and a variety of "please close the file descriptor NOW" errors into 
+** and a variety of "please close the file descriptor NOW" errors into
 ** SQLITE_IOERR
-** 
+**
 ** Errors during initialization of locks, or file system support for locks,
 ** should handle ENOLCK, ENOTSUP, EOPNOTSUPP separately.
 */
 static int sqliteErrorFromPosixError(int posixError, int sqliteIOErr) {
-  assert( (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK) || 
-          (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK) || 
+  assert( (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK) ||
+          (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK) ||
           (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK) ||
           (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK) );
   switch (posixError) {
-  case EACCES: 
+  case EACCES:
   case EAGAIN:
   case ETIMEDOUT:
   case EBUSY:
   case EINTR:
-  case ENOLCK:  
-    /* random NFS retry error, unless during file system support 
+  case ENOLCK:
+    /* random NFS retry error, unless during file system support
      * introspection, in which it actually means what it says */
     return SQLITE_BUSY;
-    
-  case EPERM: 
+  
+  case EPERM:
     return SQLITE_PERM;
-    
-  default: 
+  
+  default:
     return sqliteIOErr;
   }
 }
@@ -941,7 +941,7 @@ static int sqliteErrorFromPosixError(int posixError, int sqliteIOErr) {
 **
 ** A pointer to an instance of the following structure can be used as a
 ** unique file ID in VxWorks.  Each instance of this structure contains
-** a copy of the canonical filename.  There is also a reference count.  
+** a copy of the canonical filename.  There is also a reference count.
 ** The structure is reclaimed when the number of pointers to it drops to
 ** zero.
 **
@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ struct vxworksFileId {
 };
 
 #if OS_VXWORKS
-/* 
+/*
 ** All unique filenames are held on a linked list headed by this
 ** variable:
 */
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ static struct vxworksFileId *vxworksFindFileId(const char *zAbsoluteName){
   */
   unixEnterMutex();
   for(pCandidate=vxworksFileList; pCandidate; pCandidate=pCandidate->pNext){
-    if( pCandidate->nName==n 
+    if( pCandidate->nName==n
      && memcmp(pCandidate->zCanonicalName, pNew->zCanonicalName, n)==0
     ){
        sqlite3_free(pNew);
@@ -1122,7 +1122,7 @@ static void vxworksReleaseFileId(struct vxworksFileId *pId){
 ** cnt>0 means there are cnt shared locks on the file.
 **
 ** Any attempt to lock or unlock a file first checks the locking
-** structure.  The fcntl() system call is only invoked to set a 
+** structure.  The fcntl() system call is only invoked to set a
 ** POSIX lock if the internal lock structure transitions between
 ** a locked and an unlocked state.
 **
@@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@ static void vxworksReleaseFileId(struct vxworksFileId *pId){
 ** If you close a file descriptor that points to a file that has locks,
 ** all locks on that file that are owned by the current process are
 ** released.  To work around this problem, each unixInodeInfo object
-** maintains a count of the number of pending locks on tha inode.
+** maintains a count of the number of pending locks on the inode.
 ** When an attempt is made to close an unixFile, if there are
 ** other unixFile open on the same inode that are holding locks, the call
 ** to close() the file descriptor is deferred until all of the locks clear.
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ static void vxworksReleaseFileId(struct vxworksFileId *pId){
 ** not posix compliant.  Under LinuxThreads, a lock created by thread
 ** A cannot be modified or overridden by a different thread B.
 ** Only thread A can modify the lock.  Locking behavior is correct
-** if the appliation uses the newer Native Posix Thread Library (NPTL)
+** if the application uses the newer Native Posix Thread Library (NPTL)
 ** on linux - with NPTL a lock created by thread A can override locks
 ** in thread B.  But there is no way to know at compile-time which
 ** threading library is being used.  So there is no way to know at
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ static void vxworksReleaseFileId(struct vxworksFileId *pId){
 **
 ** SQLite used to support LinuxThreads.  But support for LinuxThreads
 ** was dropped beginning with version 3.7.0.  SQLite will still work with
-** LinuxThreads provided that (1) there is no more than one connection 
+** LinuxThreads provided that (1) there is no more than one connection
 ** per database file in the same process and (2) database connections
 ** do not move across threads.
 */
@@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@ struct unixFileId {
   /* We are told that some versions of Android contain a bug that
   ** sizes ino_t at only 32-bits instead of 64-bits. (See
   ** https://android-review.googlesource.com/#/c/115351/3/dist/sqlite3.c)
-  ** To work around this, always allocate 64-bits for the inode number.  
+  ** To work around this, always allocate 64-bits for the inode number.
   ** On small machines that only have 32-bit inodes, this wastes 4 bytes,
   ** but that should not be a big deal. */
   /* WAS:  ino_t ino;   */
@@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@ int unixFileMutexNotheld(unixFile *pFile){
 ** strerror_r().
 **
 ** The first argument passed to the macro should be the error code that
-** will be returned to SQLite (e.g. SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE, SQLITE_CANTOPEN). 
+** will be returned to SQLite (e.g. SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE, SQLITE_CANTOPEN).
 ** The two subsequent arguments should be the name of the OS function that
 ** failed (e.g. "unlink", "open") and the associated file-system path,
 ** if any.
@@ -1278,7 +1278,7 @@ static int unixLogErrorAtLine(
   /* If this is not a threadsafe build (SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0), then use
   ** the strerror() function to obtain the human-readable error message
   ** equivalent to errno. Otherwise, use strerror_r().
-  */ 
+  */
 #if SQLITE_THREADSAFE && defined(HAVE_STRERROR_R)
   char aErr[80];
   memset(aErr, 0, sizeof(aErr));
@@ -1286,18 +1286,18 @@ static int unixLogErrorAtLine(
 
   /* If STRERROR_R_CHAR_P (set by autoconf scripts) or __USE_GNU is defined,
   ** assume that the system provides the GNU version of strerror_r() that
-  ** returns a pointer to a buffer containing the error message. That pointer 
-  ** may point to aErr[], or it may point to some static storage somewhere. 
-  ** Otherwise, assume that the system provides the POSIX version of 
+  ** returns a pointer to a buffer containing the error message. That pointer
+  ** may point to aErr[], or it may point to some static storage somewhere.
+  ** Otherwise, assume that the system provides the POSIX version of
   ** strerror_r(), which always writes an error message into aErr[].
   **
   ** If the code incorrectly assumes that it is the POSIX version that is
   ** available, the error message will often be an empty string. Not a
-  ** huge problem. Incorrectly concluding that the GNU version is available 
+  ** huge problem. Incorrectly concluding that the GNU version is available
   ** could lead to a segfault though.
   */
 #if defined(STRERROR_R_CHAR_P) || defined(__USE_GNU)
-  zErr = 
+  zErr =
 # endif
   strerror_r(iErrno, aErr, sizeof(aErr)-1);
 
@@ -1347,8 +1347,8 @@ static void storeLastErrno(unixFile *pFile, int error){
 }
 
 /*
-** Close all file descriptors accumuated in the unixInodeInfo->pUnused list.
-*/ 
+** Close all file descriptors accumulated in the unixInodeInfo->pUnused list.
+*/
 static void closePendingFds(unixFile *pFile){
   unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode;
   UnixUnusedFd *p;
@@ -1503,7 +1503,7 @@ static int fileHasMoved(unixFile *pFile){
 #else
   struct stat buf;
   return pFile->pInode!=0 &&
-      (osStat(pFile->zPath, &buf)!=0 
+      (osStat(pFile->zPath, &buf)!=0
          || (u64)buf.st_ino!=pFile->pInode->fileId.ino);
 #endif
 }
@@ -1584,7 +1584,7 @@ static int unixCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
     }
   }
 #endif
-  
+
   sqlite3_mutex_leave(pFile->pInode->pLockMutex);
   OSTRACE(("TEST WR-LOCK %d %d %d (unix)\n", pFile->h, rc, reserved));
 
@@ -1634,7 +1634,7 @@ static int osSetPosixAdvisoryLock(
 
 
 /*
-** Attempt to set a system-lock on the file pFile.  The lock is 
+** Attempt to set a system-lock on the file pFile.  The lock is
 ** described by pLock.
 **
 ** If the pFile was opened read/write from unix-excl, then the only lock
@@ -1710,7 +1710,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   ** slightly in order to be compatible with Windows95 systems simultaneously
   ** accessing the same database file, in case that is ever required.
   **
-  ** Symbols defined in os.h indentify the 'pending byte' and the 'reserved
+  ** Symbols defined in os.h identify the 'pending byte' and the 'reserved
   ** byte', each single bytes at well known offsets, and the 'shared byte
   ** range', a range of 510 bytes at a well known offset.
   **
@@ -1718,7 +1718,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   ** byte'.  If this is successful, 'shared byte range' is read-locked
   ** and the lock on the 'pending byte' released.  (Legacy note:  When
   ** SQLite was first developed, Windows95 systems were still very common,
-  ** and Widnows95 lacks a shared-lock capability.  So on Windows95, a
+  ** and Windows95 lacks a shared-lock capability.  So on Windows95, a
   ** single randomly selected by from the 'shared byte range' is locked.
   ** Windows95 is now pretty much extinct, but this work-around for the
   ** lack of shared-locks on Windows95 lives on, for backwards
@@ -1726,20 +1726,20 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   **
   ** A process may only obtain a RESERVED lock after it has a SHARED lock.
   ** A RESERVED lock is implemented by grabbing a write-lock on the
-  ** 'reserved byte'. 
+  ** 'reserved byte'.
   **
   ** An EXCLUSIVE lock may only be requested after either a SHARED or
-  ** RESERVED lock is held. An EXCLUSIVE lock is implemented by obtaining 
-  ** a write-lock on the entire 'shared byte range'. Since all other locks 
-  ** require a read-lock on one of the bytes within this range, this ensures 
-  ** that no other locks are held on the database. 
+  ** RESERVED lock is held. An EXCLUSIVE lock is implemented by obtaining
+  ** a write-lock on the entire 'shared byte range'. Since all other locks
+  ** require a read-lock on one of the bytes within this range, this ensures
+  ** that no other locks are held on the database.
   **
   ** If a process that holds a RESERVED lock requests an EXCLUSIVE, then
-  ** a PENDING lock is obtained first. A PENDING lock is implemented by 
-  ** obtaining a write-lock on the 'pending byte'. This ensures that no new 
-  ** SHARED locks can be obtained, but existing SHARED locks are allowed to 
+  ** a PENDING lock is obtained first. A PENDING lock is implemented by
+  ** obtaining a write-lock on the 'pending byte'. This ensures that no new
+  ** SHARED locks can be obtained, but existing SHARED locks are allowed to
   ** persist. If the call to this function fails to obtain the EXCLUSIVE
-  ** lock in this case, it holds the PENDING lock intead. The client may
+  ** lock in this case, it holds the PENDING lock instead. The client may
   ** then re-attempt the EXCLUSIVE lock later on, after existing SHARED
   ** locks have cleared.
   */
@@ -1767,7 +1767,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
 
   /* Make sure the locking sequence is correct.
   **  (1) We never move from unlocked to anything higher than shared lock.
-  **  (2) SQLite never explicitly requests a pendig lock.
+  **  (2) SQLite never explicitly requests a pending lock.
   **  (3) A shared lock is always held when a reserve lock is requested.
   */
   assert( pFile->eFileLock!=NO_LOCK || eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK );
@@ -1782,7 +1782,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   /* If some thread using this PID has a lock via a different unixFile*
   ** handle that precludes the requested lock, return BUSY.
   */
-  if( (pFile->eFileLock!=pInode->eFileLock && 
+  if( (pFile->eFileLock!=pInode->eFileLock &&
           (pInode->eFileLock>=PENDING_LOCK || eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK))
   ){
     rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
@@ -1793,7 +1793,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   ** has a SHARED or RESERVED lock, then increment reference counts and
   ** return SQLITE_OK.
   */
-  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK && 
+  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK &&
       (pInode->eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK || pInode->eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK) ){
     assert( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK );
     assert( pFile->eFileLock==0 );
@@ -1811,7 +1811,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   */
   lock.l_len = 1L;
   lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
-  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK 
+  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK
    || (eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && pFile->eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK)
   ){
     lock.l_type = (eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK?F_RDLCK:F_WRLCK);
@@ -1853,7 +1853,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
     if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       /* This could happen with a network mount */
       tErrno = errno;
-      rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; 
+      rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK;
     }
 
     if( rc ){
@@ -1895,7 +1895,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
       }
     }
   }
-  
+
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
   /* Set up the transaction-counter change checking flags when
@@ -1920,7 +1920,7 @@ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
 
 end_lock:
   sqlite3_mutex_leave(pInode->pLockMutex);
-  OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s %s (unix)\n", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock), 
+  OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s %s (unix)\n", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock),
       rc==SQLITE_OK ? "ok" : "failed"));
   return rc;
 }
@@ -1945,11 +1945,11 @@ static void setPendingFd(unixFile *pFile){
 **
 ** If the locking level of the file descriptor is already at or below
 ** the requested locking level, this routine is a no-op.
-** 
+**
 ** If handleNFSUnlock is true, then on downgrading an EXCLUSIVE_LOCK to SHARED
 ** the byte range is divided into 2 parts and the first part is unlocked then
-** set to a read lock, then the other part is simply unlocked.  This works 
-** around a bug in BSD NFS lockd (also seen on MacOSX 10.3+) that fails to 
+** set to a read lock, then the other part is simply unlocked.  This works
+** around a bug in BSD NFS lockd (also seen on MacOSX 10.3+) that fails to
 ** remove the write lock on a region when a read lock is set.
 */
 static int posixUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock, int handleNFSUnlock){
@@ -1987,7 +1987,7 @@ static int posixUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock, int handleNFSUnlock){
 
     /* downgrading to a shared lock on NFS involves clearing the write lock
     ** before establishing the readlock - to avoid a race condition we downgrade
-    ** the lock in 2 blocks, so that part of the range will be covered by a 
+    ** the lock in 2 blocks, so that part of the range will be covered by a
     ** write lock until the rest is covered by a read lock:
     **  1:   [WWWWW]
     **  2:   [....W]
@@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@ static int posixUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock, int handleNFSUnlock){
       if( handleNFSUnlock ){
         int tErrno;               /* Error code from system call errors */
         off_t divSize = SHARED_SIZE - 1;
-        
+      
         lock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
         lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
         lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST;
@@ -2045,11 +2045,11 @@ static int posixUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock, int handleNFSUnlock){
         lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE;
         if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) ){
           /* In theory, the call to unixFileLock() cannot fail because another
-          ** process is holding an incompatible lock. If it does, this 
+          ** process is holding an incompatible lock. If it does, this
           ** indicates that the other process is not following the locking
           ** protocol. If this happens, return SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK. Returning
-          ** SQLITE_BUSY would confuse the upper layer (in practice it causes 
-          ** an assert to fail). */ 
+          ** SQLITE_BUSY would confuse the upper layer (in practice it causes
+          ** an assert to fail). */
           rc = SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK;
           storeLastErrno(pFile, errno);
           goto end_unlock;
@@ -2125,7 +2125,7 @@ static void unixUnmapfile(unixFile *pFd);
 #endif
 
 /*
-** This function performs the parts of the "close file" operation 
+** This function performs the parts of the "close file" operation
 ** common to all locking schemes. It closes the directory and file
 ** handles, if they are valid, and sets all fields of the unixFile
 ** structure to 0.
@@ -2188,7 +2188,7 @@ static int unixClose(sqlite3_file *id){
   if( pInode->nLock ){
     /* If there are outstanding locks, do not actually close the file just
     ** yet because that would clear those locks.  Instead, add the file
-    ** descriptor to pInode->pUnused list.  It will be automatically closed 
+    ** descriptor to pInode->pUnused list.  It will be automatically closed
     ** when the last lock is cleared.
     */
     setPendingFd(pFile);
@@ -2289,7 +2289,7 @@ static int dotlockCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut) {
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
 
   SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK; );
-  
+
   assert( pFile );
   reserved = osAccess((const char*)pFile->lockingContext, 0)==0;
   OSTRACE(("TEST WR-LOCK %d %d %d (dotlock)\n", pFile->h, rc, reserved));
@@ -2343,7 +2343,7 @@ static int dotlockLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
 #endif
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* grab an exclusive lock */
   rc = osMkdir(zLockFile, 0777);
   if( rc<0 ){
@@ -2358,8 +2358,8 @@ static int dotlockLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
       }
     }
     return rc;
-  } 
-  
+  }
+
   /* got it, set the type and return ok */
   pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
   return rc;
@@ -2383,7 +2383,7 @@ static int dotlockUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
   OSTRACE(("UNLOCK  %d %d was %d pid=%d (dotlock)\n", pFile->h, eFileLock,
            pFile->eFileLock, osGetpid(0)));
   assert( eFileLock<=SHARED_LOCK );
-  
+
   /* no-op if possible */
   if( pFile->eFileLock==eFileLock ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -2396,7 +2396,7 @@ static int dotlockUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
     pFile->eFileLock = SHARED_LOCK;
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* To fully unlock the database, delete the lock file */
   assert( eFileLock==NO_LOCK );
   rc = osRmdir(zLockFile);
@@ -2408,7 +2408,7 @@ static int dotlockUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
       rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK;
       storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno);
     }
-    return rc; 
+    return rc;
   }
   pFile->eFileLock = NO_LOCK;
   return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -2455,7 +2455,7 @@ static int robust_flock(int fd, int op){
 #else
 # define robust_flock(a,b) flock(a,b)
 #endif
-     
+   
 
 /*
 ** This routine checks if there is a RESERVED lock held on the specified
@@ -2467,16 +2467,16 @@ static int flockCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   int reserved = 0;
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
-  
+
   SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK; );
-  
+
   assert( pFile );
-  
+
   /* Check if a thread in this process holds such a lock */
   if( pFile->eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK ){
     reserved = 1;
   }
-  
+
   /* Otherwise see if some other process holds it. */
   if( !reserved ){
     /* attempt to get the lock */
@@ -2487,7 +2487,7 @@ static int flockCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
       if ( lrc ) {
         int tErrno = errno;
         /* unlock failed with an error */
-        lrc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; 
+        lrc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK;
         storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno);
         rc = lrc;
       }
@@ -2495,7 +2495,7 @@ static int flockCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
       int tErrno = errno;
       reserved = 1;
       /* someone else might have it reserved */
-      lrc = sqliteErrorFromPosixError(tErrno, SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK); 
+      lrc = sqliteErrorFromPosixError(tErrno, SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK);
       if( IS_LOCK_ERROR(lrc) ){
         storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno);
         rc = lrc;
@@ -2549,15 +2549,15 @@ static int flockLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
 
   assert( pFile );
 
-  /* if we already have a lock, it is exclusive.  
+  /* if we already have a lock, it is exclusive.
   ** Just adjust level and punt on outta here. */
   if (pFile->eFileLock > NO_LOCK) {
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* grab an exclusive lock */
-  
+
   if (robust_flock(pFile->h, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB)) {
     int tErrno = errno;
     /* didn't get, must be busy */
@@ -2569,7 +2569,7 @@ static int flockLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
     /* got it, set the type and return ok */
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
   }
-  OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s %s (flock)\n", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock), 
+  OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s %s (flock)\n", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock),
            rc==SQLITE_OK ? "ok" : "failed"));
 #ifdef SQLITE_IGNORE_FLOCK_LOCK_ERRORS
   if( (rc & 0xff) == SQLITE_IOERR ){
@@ -2589,23 +2589,23 @@ static int flockLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
 */
 static int flockUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
-  
+
   assert( pFile );
   OSTRACE(("UNLOCK  %d %d was %d pid=%d (flock)\n", pFile->h, eFileLock,
            pFile->eFileLock, osGetpid(0)));
   assert( eFileLock<=SHARED_LOCK );
-  
+
   /* no-op if possible */
   if( pFile->eFileLock==eFileLock ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* shared can just be set because we always have an exclusive */
   if (eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK) {
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* no, really, unlock. */
   if( robust_flock(pFile->h, LOCK_UN) ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_IGNORE_FLOCK_LOCK_ERRORS
@@ -2656,14 +2656,14 @@ static int semXCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut) {
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
 
   SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK; );
-  
+
   assert( pFile );
 
   /* Check if a thread in this process holds such a lock */
   if( pFile->eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK ){
     reserved = 1;
   }
-  
+
   /* Otherwise see if some other process holds it. */
   if( !reserved ){
     sem_t *pSem = pFile->pInode->pSem;
@@ -2722,14 +2722,14 @@ static int semXLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
   sem_t *pSem = pFile->pInode->pSem;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
 
-  /* if we already have a lock, it is exclusive.  
+  /* if we already have a lock, it is exclusive.
   ** Just adjust level and punt on outta here. */
   if (pFile->eFileLock > NO_LOCK) {
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
     rc = SQLITE_OK;
     goto sem_end_lock;
   }
-  
+
   /* lock semaphore now but bail out when already locked. */
   if( sem_trywait(pSem)==-1 ){
     rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
@@ -2759,18 +2759,18 @@ static int semXUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
   OSTRACE(("UNLOCK  %d %d was %d pid=%d (sem)\n", pFile->h, eFileLock,
            pFile->eFileLock, osGetpid(0)));
   assert( eFileLock<=SHARED_LOCK );
-  
+
   /* no-op if possible */
   if( pFile->eFileLock==eFileLock ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* shared can just be set because we always have an exclusive */
   if (eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK) {
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-  
+
   /* no, really unlock. */
   if ( sem_post(pSem)==-1 ) {
     int rc, tErrno = errno;
@@ -2778,7 +2778,7 @@ static int semXUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
     if( IS_LOCK_ERROR(rc) ){
       storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno);
     }
-    return rc; 
+    return rc;
   }
   pFile->eFileLock = NO_LOCK;
   return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -2844,7 +2844,7 @@ struct ByteRangeLockPB2
 /*
 ** This is a utility for setting or clearing a bit-range lock on an
 ** AFP filesystem.
-** 
+**
 ** Return SQLITE_OK on success, SQLITE_BUSY on failure.
 */
 static int afpSetLock(
@@ -2856,14 +2856,14 @@ static int afpSetLock(
 ){
   struct ByteRangeLockPB2 pb;
   int err;
-  
+
   pb.unLockFlag = setLockFlag ? 0 : 1;
   pb.startEndFlag = 0;
   pb.offset = offset;
-  pb.length = length; 
+  pb.length = length;
   pb.fd = pFile->h;
-  
-  OSTRACE(("AFPSETLOCK [%s] for %d%s in range %llx:%llx\n", 
+
+  OSTRACE(("AFPSETLOCK [%s] for %d%s in range %llx:%llx\n",
     (setLockFlag?"ON":"OFF"), pFile->h, (pb.fd==-1?"[testval-1]":""),
     offset, length));
   err = fsctl(path, afpfsByteRangeLock2FSCTL, &pb, 0);
@@ -2898,9 +2898,9 @@ static int afpCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
   int reserved = 0;
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
   afpLockingContext *context;
-  
+
   SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK; );
-  
+
   assert( pFile );
   context = (afpLockingContext *) pFile->lockingContext;
   if( context->reserved ){
@@ -2912,12 +2912,12 @@ static int afpCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
   if( pFile->pInode->eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK ){
     reserved = 1;
   }
-  
+
   /* Otherwise see if some other process holds it.
    */
   if( !reserved ){
     /* lock the RESERVED byte */
-    int lrc = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, RESERVED_BYTE, 1,1);  
+    int lrc = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, RESERVED_BYTE, 1,1);
     if( SQLITE_OK==lrc ){
       /* if we succeeded in taking the reserved lock, unlock it to restore
       ** the original state */
@@ -2930,10 +2930,10 @@ static int afpCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){
       rc=lrc;
     }
   }
-  
+
   sqlite3_mutex_leave(pFile->pInode->pLockMutex);
   OSTRACE(("TEST WR-LOCK %d %d %d (afp)\n", pFile->h, rc, reserved));
-  
+
   *pResOut = reserved;
   return rc;
 }
@@ -2967,7 +2967,7 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
   unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode;
   afpLockingContext *context = (afpLockingContext *) pFile->lockingContext;
-  
+
   assert( pFile );
   OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s was %s(%s,%d) pid=%d (afp)\n", pFile->h,
            azFileLock(eFileLock), azFileLock(pFile->eFileLock),
@@ -2985,13 +2985,13 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
 
   /* Make sure the locking sequence is correct
   **  (1) We never move from unlocked to anything higher than shared lock.
-  **  (2) SQLite never explicitly requests a pendig lock.
+  **  (2) SQLite never explicitly requests a pending lock.
   **  (3) A shared lock is always held when a reserve lock is requested.
   */
   assert( pFile->eFileLock!=NO_LOCK || eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK );
   assert( eFileLock!=PENDING_LOCK );
   assert( eFileLock!=RESERVED_LOCK || pFile->eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK );
-  
+
   /* This mutex is needed because pFile->pInode is shared across threads
   */
   pInode = pFile->pInode;
@@ -3000,18 +3000,18 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
   /* If some thread using this PID has a lock via a different unixFile*
   ** handle that precludes the requested lock, return BUSY.
   */
-  if( (pFile->eFileLock!=pInode->eFileLock && 
+  if( (pFile->eFileLock!=pInode->eFileLock &&
        (pInode->eFileLock>=PENDING_LOCK || eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK))
      ){
     rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
     goto afp_end_lock;
   }
-  
+
   /* If a SHARED lock is requested, and some thread using this PID already
   ** has a SHARED or RESERVED lock, then increment reference counts and
   ** return SQLITE_OK.
   */
-  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK && 
+  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK &&
      (pInode->eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK || pInode->eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK) ){
     assert( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK );
     assert( pFile->eFileLock==0 );
@@ -3021,12 +3021,12 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
     pInode->nLock++;
     goto afp_end_lock;
   }
-    
+  
   /* A PENDING lock is needed before acquiring a SHARED lock and before
   ** acquiring an EXCLUSIVE lock.  For the SHARED lock, the PENDING will
   ** be released.
   */
-  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK 
+  if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK
       || (eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && pFile->eFileLock<PENDING_LOCK)
   ){
     int failed;
@@ -3036,30 +3036,30 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
       goto afp_end_lock;
     }
   }
-  
+
   /* If control gets to this point, then actually go ahead and make
   ** operating system calls for the specified lock.
   */
   if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK ){
     int lrc1, lrc2, lrc1Errno = 0;
     long lk, mask;
-    
+  
     assert( pInode->nShared==0 );
     assert( pInode->eFileLock==0 );
-        
+      
     mask = (sizeof(long)==8) ? LARGEST_INT64 : 0x7fffffff;
     /* Now get the read-lock SHARED_LOCK */
     /* note that the quality of the randomness doesn't matter that much */
-    lk = random(); 
+    lk = random();
     pInode->sharedByte = (lk & mask)%(SHARED_SIZE - 1);
-    lrc1 = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, 
+    lrc1 = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile,
           SHARED_FIRST+pInode->sharedByte, 1, 1);
     if( IS_LOCK_ERROR(lrc1) ){
       lrc1Errno = pFile->lastErrno;
     }
     /* Drop the temporary PENDING lock */
     lrc2 = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, PENDING_BYTE, 1, 0);
-    
+  
     if( IS_LOCK_ERROR(lrc1) ) {
       storeLastErrno(pFile, lrc1Errno);
       rc = lrc1;
@@ -3094,34 +3094,34 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
     }
     if (!failed && eFileLock == EXCLUSIVE_LOCK) {
       /* Acquire an EXCLUSIVE lock */
-        
-      /* Remove the shared lock before trying the range.  we'll need to 
+
+      /* Remove the shared lock before trying the range.  we'll need to
       ** reestablish the shared lock if we can't get the  afpUnlock
       */
       if( !(failed = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, SHARED_FIRST +
                          pInode->sharedByte, 1, 0)) ){
         int failed2 = SQLITE_OK;
-        /* now attemmpt to get the exclusive lock range */
-        failed = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, SHARED_FIRST, 
+        /* now attempt to get the exclusive lock range */
+        failed = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, SHARED_FIRST,
                                SHARED_SIZE, 1);
-        if( failed && (failed2 = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, 
+        if( failed && (failed2 = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile,
                        SHARED_FIRST + pInode->sharedByte, 1, 1)) ){
           /* Can't reestablish the shared lock.  Sqlite can't deal, this is
           ** a critical I/O error
           */
-          rc = ((failed & 0xff) == SQLITE_IOERR) ? failed2 : 
+          rc = ((failed & 0xff) == SQLITE_IOERR) ? failed2 :
                SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK;
           goto afp_end_lock;
-        } 
+        }
       }else{
-        rc = failed; 
+        rc = failed;
       }
     }
     if( failed ){
       rc = failed;
     }
   }
-  
+
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
     pInode->eFileLock = eFileLock;
@@ -3129,10 +3129,10 @@ static int afpLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
     pFile->eFileLock = PENDING_LOCK;
     pInode->eFileLock = PENDING_LOCK;
   }
-  
+
 afp_end_lock:
   sqlite3_mutex_leave(pInode->pLockMutex);
-  OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s %s (afp)\n", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock), 
+  OSTRACE(("LOCK    %d %s %s (afp)\n", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock),
          rc==SQLITE_OK ? "ok" : "failed"));
   return rc;
 }
@@ -3150,9 +3150,6 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
   unixInodeInfo *pInode;
   afpLockingContext *context = (afpLockingContext *) pFile->lockingContext;
   int skipShared = 0;
-#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
-  int h = pFile->h;
-#endif
 
   assert( pFile );
   OSTRACE(("UNLOCK  %d %d was %d(%d,%d) pid=%d (afp)\n", pFile->h, eFileLock,
@@ -3168,10 +3165,7 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
   assert( pInode->nShared!=0 );
   if( pFile->eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK ){
     assert( pInode->eFileLock==pFile->eFileLock );
-    SimulateIOErrorBenign(1);
-    SimulateIOError( h=(-1) )
-    SimulateIOErrorBenign(0);
-    
+  
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
     /* When reducing a lock such that other processes can start
     ** reading the database file again, make sure that the
@@ -3186,7 +3180,7 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
            || pFile->transCntrChng==1 );
     pFile->inNormalWrite = 0;
 #endif
-    
+  
     if( pFile->eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK ){
       rc = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, SHARED_FIRST, SHARED_SIZE, 0);
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK && (eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK || pInode->nShared>1) ){
@@ -3199,11 +3193,11 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
     }
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pFile->eFileLock>=PENDING_LOCK ){
       rc = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, PENDING_BYTE, 1, 0);
-    } 
+    }
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pFile->eFileLock>=RESERVED_LOCK && context->reserved ){
       rc = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, RESERVED_BYTE, 1, 0);
-      if( !rc ){ 
-        context->reserved = 0; 
+      if( !rc ){
+        context->reserved = 0;
       }
     }
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK && (eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK || pInode->nShared>1)){
@@ -3219,9 +3213,6 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
     unsigned long long sharedLockByte = SHARED_FIRST+pInode->sharedByte;
     pInode->nShared--;
     if( pInode->nShared==0 ){
-      SimulateIOErrorBenign(1);
-      SimulateIOError( h=(-1) )
-      SimulateIOErrorBenign(0);
       if( !skipShared ){
         rc = afpSetLock(context->dbPath, pFile, sharedLockByte, 1, 0);
       }
@@ -3236,7 +3227,7 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
       if( pInode->nLock==0 ) closePendingFds(pFile);
     }
   }
-  
+
   sqlite3_mutex_leave(pInode->pLockMutex);
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock;
@@ -3245,7 +3236,7 @@ static int afpUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock) {
 }
 
 /*
-** Close a file & cleanup AFP specific locking context 
+** Close a file & cleanup AFP specific locking context
 */
 static int afpClose(sqlite3_file *id) {
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
@@ -3303,7 +3294,7 @@ static int nfsUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
 /*
 ** The code above is the NFS lock implementation.  The code is specific
 ** to MacOSX and does not work on other unix platforms.  No alternative
-** is available.  
+** is available.
 **
 ********************* End of the NFS lock implementation **********************
 ******************************************************************************/
@@ -3311,7 +3302,7 @@ static int nfsUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
 /******************************************************************************
 **************** Non-locking sqlite3_file methods *****************************
 **
-** The next division contains implementations for all methods of the 
+** The next division contains implementations for all methods of the
 ** sqlite3_file object other than the locking methods.  The locking
 ** methods were defined in divisions above (one locking method per
 ** division).  Those methods that are common to all locking modes
@@ -3319,7 +3310,7 @@ static int nfsUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){
 */
 
 /*
-** Seek to the offset passed as the second argument, then read cnt 
+** Seek to the offset passed as the second argument, then read cnt
 ** bytes into pBuf. Return the number of bytes actually read.
 **
 ** To avoid stomping the errno value on a failed read the lastErrno value
@@ -3375,8 +3366,8 @@ static int seekAndRead(unixFile *id, sqlite3_int64 offset, void *pBuf, int cnt){
 ** wrong.
 */
 static int unixRead(
-  sqlite3_file *id, 
-  void *pBuf, 
+  sqlite3_file *id,
+  void *pBuf,
   int amt,
   sqlite3_int64 offset
 ){
@@ -3391,12 +3382,12 @@ static int unixRead(
 #if 0
   assert( pFile->pPreallocatedUnused==0
        || offset>=PENDING_BYTE+512
-       || offset+amt<=PENDING_BYTE 
+       || offset+amt<=PENDING_BYTE
   );
 #endif
 
 #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
-  /* Deal with as much of this read request as possible by transfering
+  /* Deal with as much of this read request as possible by transferring
   ** data from the memory mapping using memcpy().  */
   if( offset<pFile->mmapSize ){
     if( offset+amt <= pFile->mmapSize ){
@@ -3446,7 +3437,7 @@ static int unixRead(
 /*
 ** Attempt to seek the file-descriptor passed as the first argument to
 ** absolute offset iOff, then attempt to write nBuf bytes of data from
-** pBuf to it. If an error occurs, return -1 and set *piErrno. Otherwise, 
+** pBuf to it. If an error occurs, return -1 and set *piErrno. Otherwise,
 ** return the actual number of bytes written (which may be less than
 ** nBuf).
 */
@@ -3506,10 +3497,10 @@ static int seekAndWrite(unixFile *id, i64 offset, const void *pBuf, int cnt){
 ** or some other error code on failure.
 */
 static int unixWrite(
-  sqlite3_file *id, 
-  const void *pBuf, 
+  sqlite3_file *id,
+  const void *pBuf,
   int amt,
-  sqlite3_int64 offset 
+  sqlite3_int64 offset
 ){
   unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id;
   int wrote = 0;
@@ -3521,7 +3512,7 @@ static int unixWrite(
 #if 0
   assert( pFile->pPreallocatedUnused==0
        || offset>=PENDING_BYTE+512
-       || offset+amt<=PENDING_BYTE 
+       || offset+amt<=PENDING_BYTE
   );
 #endif
 
@@ -3548,7 +3539,7 @@ static int unixWrite(
 #endif
 
 #if defined(SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE) && SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
-  /* Deal with as much of this write request as possible by transfering
+  /* Deal with as much of this write request as possible by transferring
   ** data from the memory mapping using memcpy().  */
   if( offset<pFile->mmapSize ){
     if( offset+amt <= pFile->mmapSize ){
@@ -3563,7 +3554,7 @@ static int unixWrite(
     }
   }
 #endif
- 
+
   while( (wrote = seekAndWrite(pFile, offset, pBuf, amt))<amt && wrote>0 ){
     amt -= wrote;
     offset += wrote;
@@ -3629,8 +3620,8 @@ int sqlite3_fullsync_count = 0;
 **
 ** SQLite sets the dataOnly flag if the size of the file is unchanged.
 ** The idea behind dataOnly is that it should only write the file content
-** to disk, not the inode.  We only set dataOnly if the file size is 
-** unchanged since the file size is part of the inode.  However, 
+** to disk, not the inode.  We only set dataOnly if the file size is
+** unchanged since the file size is part of the inode.  However,
 ** Ted Ts'o tells us that fdatasync() will also write the inode if the
 ** file size has changed.  The only real difference between fdatasync()
 ** and fsync(), Ted tells us, is that fdatasync() will not flush the
@@ -3644,7 +3635,7 @@ static int full_fsync(int fd, int fullSync, int dataOnly){
   int rc;
 
   /* The following "ifdef/elif/else/" block has the same structure as
-  ** the one below. It is replicated here solely to avoid cluttering 
+  ** the one below. It is replicated here solely to avoid cluttering
   ** up the real code with the UNUSED_PARAMETER() macros.
   */
 #ifdef SQLITE_NO_SYNC
@@ -3658,7 +3649,7 @@ static int full_fsync(int fd, int fullSync, int dataOnly){
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(dataOnly);
 #endif
 
-  /* Record the number of times that we do a normal fsync() and 
+  /* Record the number of times that we do a normal fsync() and
   ** FULLSYNC.  This is used during testing to verify that this procedure
   ** gets called with the correct arguments.
   */
@@ -3670,7 +3661,7 @@ static int full_fsync(int fd, int fullSync, int dataOnly){
   /* If we compiled with the SQLITE_NO_SYNC flag, then syncing is a
   ** no-op.  But go ahead and call fstat() to validate the file
   ** descriptor as we need a method to provoke a failure during
-  ** coverate testing.
+  ** coverage testing.
   */
 #ifdef SQLITE_NO_SYNC
   {
@@ -3684,11 +3675,11 @@ static int full_fsync(int fd, int fullSync, int dataOnly){
     rc = 1;
   }
   /* If the FULLFSYNC failed, fall back to attempting an fsync().
-  ** It shouldn't be possible for fullfsync to fail on the local 
+  ** It shouldn't be possible for fullfsync to fail on the local
   ** file system (on OSX), so failure indicates that FULLFSYNC
-  ** isn't supported for this file system. So, attempt an fsync 
-  ** and (for now) ignore the overhead of a superfluous fcntl call.  
-  ** It'd be better to detect fullfsync support once and avoid 
+  ** isn't supported for this file system. So, attempt an fsync
+  ** and (for now) ignore the overhead of a superfluous fcntl call.
+  ** It'd be better to detect fullfsync support once and avoid
   ** the fcntl call every time sync is called.
   */
   if( rc ) rc = fsync(fd);
@@ -3698,7 +3689,7 @@ static int full_fsync(int fd, int fullSync, int dataOnly){
   ** so currently we default to the macro that redefines fdatasync to fsync
   */
   rc = fsync(fd);
-#else 
+#else
   rc = fdatasync(fd);
 #if OS_VXWORKS
   if( rc==-1 && errno==ENOTSUP ){
@@ -3859,7 +3850,7 @@ static int unixTruncate(sqlite3_file *id, i64 nByte){
 #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
     /* If the file was just truncated to a size smaller than the currently
     ** mapped region, reduce the effective mapping size as well. SQLite will
-    ** use read() and write() to access data beyond this point from now on.  
+    ** use read() and write() to access data beyond this point from now on.
     */
     if( nByte<pFile->mmapSize ){
       pFile->mmapSize = nByte;
@@ -3905,8 +3896,8 @@ static int unixFileSize(sqlite3_file *id, i64 *pSize){
 static int proxyFileControl(sqlite3_file*,int,void*);
 #endif
 
-/* 
-** This function is called to handle the SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT 
+/*
+** This function is called to handle the SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT
 ** file-control operation.  Enlarge the database to nBytes in size
 ** (rounded up to the next chunk-size).  If the database is already
 ** nBytes or larger, this routine is a no-op.
@@ -3915,7 +3906,7 @@ static int fcntlSizeHint(unixFile *pFile, i64 nByte){
   if( pFile->szChunk>0 ){
     i64 nSize;                    /* Required file size */
     struct stat buf;              /* Used to hold return values of fstat() */
-   
+ 
     if( osFstat(pFile->h, &buf) ){
       return SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT;
     }
@@ -3924,8 +3915,8 @@ static int fcntlSizeHint(unixFile *pFile, i64 nByte){
     if( nSize>(i64)buf.st_size ){
 
 #if defined(HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE) && HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE
-      /* The code below is handling the return value of osFallocate() 
-      ** correctly. posix_fallocate() is defined to "returns zero on success, 
+      /* The code below is handling the return value of osFallocate()
+      ** correctly. posix_fallocate() is defined to "returns zero on success,
       ** or an error number on  failure". See the manpage for details. */
       int err;
       do{
@@ -3933,7 +3924,7 @@ static int fcntlSizeHint(unixFile *pFile, i64 nByte){
       }while( err==EINTR );
       if( err && err!=EINVAL ) return SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE;
 #else
-      /* If the OS does not have posix_fallocate(), fake it. Write a 
+      /* If the OS does not have posix_fallocate(), fake it. Write a
       ** single byte to the last byte in each block that falls entirely
       ** within the extended region. Then, if required, a single byte
       ** at offset (nSize-1), to set the size of the file correctly.
@@ -4126,9 +4117,9 @@ static int unixFileControl(sqlite3_file *id, int op, void *pArg){
 
 /*
 ** If pFd->sectorSize is non-zero when this function is called, it is a
-** no-op. Otherwise, the values of pFd->sectorSize and 
-** pFd->deviceCharacteristics are set according to the file-system 
-** characteristics. 
+** no-op. Otherwise, the values of pFd->sectorSize and
+** pFd->deviceCharacteristics are set according to the file-system
+** characteristics.
 **
 ** There are two versions of this function. One for QNX and one for all
 ** other systems.
@@ -4162,7 +4153,7 @@ static void setDeviceCharacteristics(unixFile *pFd){
 static void setDeviceCharacteristics(unixFile *pFile){
   if( pFile->sectorSize == 0 ){
     struct statvfs fsInfo;
-       
+     
     /* Set defaults for non-supported filesystems */
     pFile->sectorSize = SQLITE_DEFAULT_SECTOR_SIZE;
     pFile->deviceCharacteristics = 0;
@@ -4271,7 +4262,7 @@ static int unixDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file *id){
 /*
 ** Return the system page size.
 **
-** This function should not be called directly by other code in this file. 
+** This function should not be called directly by other code in this file.
 ** Instead, it should be called via macro osGetpagesize().
 */
 static int unixGetpagesize(void){
@@ -4289,7 +4280,7 @@ static int unixGetpagesize(void){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
 
 /*
-** Object used to represent an shared memory buffer.  
+** Object used to represent an shared memory buffer.
 **
 ** When multiple threads all reference the same wal-index, each thread
 ** has its own unixShm object, but they all point to a single instance
@@ -4309,7 +4300,7 @@ static int unixGetpagesize(void){
 **      nRef
 **
 ** The following fields are read-only after the object is created:
-** 
+**
 **      hShm
 **      zFilename
 **
@@ -4368,7 +4359,7 @@ struct unixShm {
 /*
 ** Use F_GETLK to check whether or not there are any readers with open
 ** wal-mode transactions in other processes on database file pFile. If
-** no error occurs, return SQLITE_OK and set (*piOut) to 1 if there are 
+** no error occurs, return SQLITE_OK and set (*piOut) to 1 if there are
 ** such transactions, or 0 otherwise. If an error occurs, return an
 ** SQLite error code. The final value of *piOut is undefined in this
 ** case.
@@ -4478,7 +4469,7 @@ static int unixShmSystemLock(
   }
 #endif
 
-  return rc;        
+  return rc;      
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4534,7 +4525,7 @@ static void unixShmPurge(unixFile *pFd){
 ** take it now. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error
 ** code otherwise.
 **
-** If the DMS cannot be locked because this is a readonly_shm=1 
+** If the DMS cannot be locked because this is a readonly_shm=1
 ** connection and no other process already holds a lock, return
 ** SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT and set pShmNode->isUnlocked=1.
 */
@@ -4545,7 +4536,7 @@ static int unixLockSharedMemory(unixFile *pDbFd, unixShmNode *pShmNode){
   /* Use F_GETLK to determine the locks other processes are holding
   ** on the DMS byte. If it indicates that another process is holding
   ** a SHARED lock, then this process may also take a SHARED lock
-  ** and proceed with opening the *-shm file. 
+  ** and proceed with opening the *-shm file.
   **
   ** Or, if no other process is holding any lock, then this process
   ** is the first to open it. In this case take an EXCLUSIVE lock on the
@@ -4593,20 +4584,20 @@ static int unixLockSharedMemory(unixFile *pDbFd, unixShmNode *pShmNode){
 }
 
 /*
-** Open a shared-memory area associated with open database file pDbFd.  
+** Open a shared-memory area associated with open database file pDbFd.
 ** This particular implementation uses mmapped files.
 **
 ** The file used to implement shared-memory is in the same directory
 ** as the open database file and has the same name as the open database
 ** file with the "-shm" suffix added.  For example, if the database file
 ** is "/home/user1/config.db" then the file that is created and mmapped
-** for shared memory will be called "/home/user1/config.db-shm".  
+** for shared memory will be called "/home/user1/config.db-shm".
 **
 ** Another approach to is to use files in /dev/shm or /dev/tmp or an
 ** some other tmpfs mount. But if a file in a different directory
 ** from the database file is used, then differing access permissions
 ** or a chroot() might cause two different processes on the same
-** database to end up using different files for shared memory - 
+** database to end up using different files for shared memory -
 ** meaning that their memory would not really be shared - resulting
 ** in database corruption.  Nevertheless, this tmpfs file usage
 ** can be enabled at compile-time using -DSQLITE_SHM_DIRECTORY="/dev/shm"
@@ -4676,7 +4667,7 @@ static int unixOpenSharedMemory(unixFile *pDbFd){
     memset(pShmNode, 0, sizeof(*pShmNode)+nShmFilename);
     zShm = pShmNode->zFilename = (char*)&pShmNode[1];
 #ifdef SQLITE_SHM_DIRECTORY
-    sqlite3_snprintf(nShmFilename, zShm, 
+    sqlite3_snprintf(nShmFilename, zShm,
                      SQLITE_SHM_DIRECTORY "/sqlite-shm-%x-%x",
                      (u32)sStat.st_ino, (u32)sStat.st_dev);
 #else
@@ -4751,22 +4742,22 @@ static int unixOpenSharedMemory(unixFile *pDbFd){
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is called to obtain a pointer to region iRegion of the 
-** shared-memory associated with the database file fd. Shared-memory regions 
-** are numbered starting from zero. Each shared-memory region is szRegion 
+** This function is called to obtain a pointer to region iRegion of the
+** shared-memory associated with the database file fd. Shared-memory regions
+** are numbered starting from zero. Each shared-memory region is szRegion
 ** bytes in size.
 **
 ** If an error occurs, an error code is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
 **
 ** Otherwise, if the bExtend parameter is 0 and the requested shared-memory
 ** region has not been allocated (by any client, including one running in a
-** separate process), then *pp is set to NULL and SQLITE_OK returned. If 
-** bExtend is non-zero and the requested shared-memory region has not yet 
+** separate process), then *pp is set to NULL and SQLITE_OK returned. If
+** bExtend is non-zero and the requested shared-memory region has not yet
 ** been allocated, it is allocated by this function.
 **
 ** If the shared-memory region has already been allocated or is allocated by
-** this call as described above, then it is mapped into this processes 
-** address space (if it is not already), *pp is set to point to the mapped 
+** this call as described above, then it is mapped into this processes
+** address space (if it is not already), *pp is set to point to the mapped
 ** memory and SQLITE_OK returned.
 */
 static int unixShmMap(
@@ -4821,7 +4812,7 @@ static int unixShmMap(
         rc = SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE;
         goto shmpage_out;
       }
-  
+
       if( sStat.st_size<nByte ){
         /* The requested memory region does not exist. If bExtend is set to
         ** false, exit early. *pp will be set to NULL and SQLITE_OK returned.
@@ -4870,7 +4861,7 @@ static int unixShmMap(
       void *pMem;
       if( pShmNode->hShm>=0 ){
         pMem = osMmap(0, nMap,
-            pShmNode->isReadonly ? PROT_READ : PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, 
+            pShmNode->isReadonly ? PROT_READ : PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
             MAP_SHARED, pShmNode->hShm, szRegion*(i64)pShmNode->nRegion
         );
         if( pMem==MAP_FAILED ){
@@ -4984,7 +4975,7 @@ static int unixShmLock(
   **
   ** In other words, if this is a blocking lock, none of the locks that
   ** occur later in the above list than the lock being obtained may be
-  ** held.  
+  ** held.
   **
   ** It is not permitted to block on the RECOVER lock.
   */
@@ -5026,7 +5017,7 @@ static int unixShmLock(
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
         p->exclMask &= ~mask;
         p->sharedMask &= ~mask;
-      } 
+      }
     }
   }else if( flags & SQLITE_SHM_SHARED ){
     assert( n==1 );
@@ -5077,7 +5068,7 @@ static int unixShmLock(
 }
 
 /*
-** Implement a memory barrier or memory fence on shared memory.  
+** Implement a memory barrier or memory fence on shared memory.
 **
 ** All loads and stores begun before the barrier must complete before
 ** any load or store begun after the barrier.
@@ -5087,15 +5078,15 @@ static void unixShmBarrier(
 ){
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(fd);
   sqlite3MemoryBarrier();         /* compiler-defined memory barrier */
-  assert( fd->pMethods->xLock==nolockLock 
-       || unixFileMutexNotheld((unixFile*)fd) 
+  assert( fd->pMethods->xLock==nolockLock
+       || unixFileMutexNotheld((unixFile*)fd)
   );
   unixEnterMutex();               /* Also mutex, for redundancy */
   unixLeaveMutex();
 }
 
 /*
-** Close a connection to shared-memory.  Delete the underlying 
+** Close a connection to shared-memory.  Delete the underlying
 ** storage if deleteFlag is true.
 **
 ** If there is no shared memory associated with the connection then this
@@ -5169,7 +5160,7 @@ static void unixUnmapfile(unixFile *pFd){
 }
 
 /*
-** Attempt to set the size of the memory mapping maintained by file 
+** Attempt to set the size of the memory mapping maintained by file
 ** descriptor pFd to nNew bytes. Any existing mapping is discarded.
 **
 ** If successful, this function sets the following variables:
@@ -5261,14 +5252,14 @@ static void unixRemapfile(
 
 /*
 ** Memory map or remap the file opened by file-descriptor pFd (if the file
-** is already mapped, the existing mapping is replaced by the new). Or, if 
-** there already exists a mapping for this file, and there are still 
+** is already mapped, the existing mapping is replaced by the new). Or, if
+** there already exists a mapping for this file, and there are still
 ** outstanding xFetch() references to it, this function is a no-op.
 **
-** If parameter nByte is non-negative, then it is the requested size of 
-** the mapping to create. Otherwise, if nByte is less than zero, then the 
+** If parameter nByte is non-negative, then it is the requested size of
+** the mapping to create. Otherwise, if nByte is less than zero, then the
 ** requested size is the size of the file on disk. The actual size of the
-** created mapping is either the requested size or the value configured 
+** created mapping is either the requested size or the value configured
 ** using SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_LIMIT, whichever is smaller.
 **
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if no error occurs (even if the mapping is not
@@ -5309,7 +5300,7 @@ static int unixMapfile(unixFile *pFd, i64 nMap){
 ** Finally, if an error does occur, return an SQLite error code. The final
 ** value of *pp is undefined in this case.
 **
-** If this function does return a pointer, the caller must eventually 
+** If this function does return a pointer, the caller must eventually
 ** release the reference by calling unixUnfetch().
 */
 static int unixFetch(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 iOff, int nAmt, void **pp){
@@ -5334,13 +5325,13 @@ static int unixFetch(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 iOff, int nAmt, void **pp){
 }
 
 /*
-** If the third argument is non-NULL, then this function releases a 
+** If the third argument is non-NULL, then this function releases a
 ** reference obtained by an earlier call to unixFetch(). The second
 ** argument passed to this function must be the same as the corresponding
-** argument that was passed to the unixFetch() invocation. 
+** argument that was passed to the unixFetch() invocation.
 **
-** Or, if the third argument is NULL, then this function is being called 
-** to inform the VFS layer that, according to POSIX, any existing mapping 
+** Or, if the third argument is NULL, then this function is being called
+** to inform the VFS layer that, according to POSIX, any existing mapping
 ** may now be invalid and should be unmapped.
 */
 static int unixUnfetch(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 iOff, void *p){
@@ -5348,7 +5339,7 @@ static int unixUnfetch(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 iOff, void *p){
   unixFile *pFd = (unixFile *)fd;   /* The underlying database file */
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(iOff);
 
-  /* If p==0 (unmap the entire file) then there must be no outstanding 
+  /* If p==0 (unmap the entire file) then there must be no outstanding
   ** xFetch references. Or, if p!=0 (meaning it is an xFetch reference),
   ** then there must be at least one outstanding.  */
   assert( (p==0)==(pFd->nFetchOut==0) );
@@ -5556,8 +5547,8 @@ IOMETHODS(
 #endif
 
 #if defined(__APPLE__) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
-/* 
-** This "finder" function attempts to determine the best locking strategy 
+/*
+** This "finder" function attempts to determine the best locking strategy
 ** for the database file "filePath".  It then returns the sqlite3_io_methods
 ** object that implements that strategy.
 **
@@ -5599,8 +5590,8 @@ static const sqlite3_io_methods *autolockIoFinderImpl(
   }
 
   /* Default case. Handles, amongst others, "nfs".
-  ** Test byte-range lock using fcntl(). If the call succeeds, 
-  ** assume that the file-system supports POSIX style locks. 
+  ** Test byte-range lock using fcntl(). If the call succeeds,
+  ** assume that the file-system supports POSIX style locks.
   */
   lockInfo.l_len = 1;
   lockInfo.l_start = 0;
@@ -5616,7 +5607,7 @@ static const sqlite3_io_methods *autolockIoFinderImpl(
     return &dotlockIoMethods;
   }
 }
-static const sqlite3_io_methods 
+static const sqlite3_io_methods
   *(*const autolockIoFinder)(const char*,unixFile*) = autolockIoFinderImpl;
 
 #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */
@@ -5652,7 +5643,7 @@ static const sqlite3_io_methods *vxworksIoFinderImpl(
     return &semIoMethods;
   }
 }
-static const sqlite3_io_methods 
+static const sqlite3_io_methods
   *(*const vxworksIoFinder)(const char*,unixFile*) = vxworksIoFinderImpl;
 
 #endif /* OS_VXWORKS */
@@ -5780,14 +5771,14 @@ static int fillInUnixFile(
         robust_close(pNew, h, __LINE__);
         h = -1;
       }
-      unixLeaveMutex();        
+      unixLeaveMutex();      
     }
   }
 #endif
 
   else if( pLockingStyle == &dotlockIoMethods ){
     /* Dotfile locking uses the file path so it needs to be included in
-    ** the dotlockLockingContext 
+    ** the dotlockLockingContext
     */
     char *zLockFile;
     int nFilename;
@@ -5825,7 +5816,7 @@ static int fillInUnixFile(
     unixLeaveMutex();
   }
 #endif
-  
+
   storeLastErrno(pNew, 0);
 #if OS_VXWORKS
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -5900,7 +5891,7 @@ static int unixGetTempname(int nBuf, char *zBuf){
 
   /* It's odd to simulate an io-error here, but really this is just
   ** using the io-error infrastructure to test that SQLite handles this
-  ** function failing. 
+  ** function failing.
   */
   zBuf[0] = 0;
   SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR );
@@ -5937,7 +5928,7 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile*, const char*);
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Search for an unused file descriptor that was opened on the database 
+** Search for an unused file descriptor that was opened on the database
 ** file (not a journal or super-journal file) identified by pathname
 ** zPath with SQLITE_OPEN_XXX flags matching those passed as the second
 ** argument to this function.
@@ -5946,7 +5937,7 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile*, const char*);
 ** but the associated file descriptor could not be closed because some
 ** other file descriptor open on the same file is holding a file-lock.
 ** Refer to comments in the unixClose() function and the lengthy comment
-** describing "Posix Advisory Locking" at the start of this file for 
+** describing "Posix Advisory Locking" at the start of this file for
 ** further details. Also, ticket #4018.
 **
 ** If a suitable file descriptor is found, then it is returned. If no
@@ -5957,8 +5948,8 @@ static UnixUnusedFd *findReusableFd(const char *zPath, int flags){
 
   /* Do not search for an unused file descriptor on vxworks. Not because
   ** vxworks would not benefit from the change (it might, we're not sure),
-  ** but because no way to test it is currently available. It is better 
-  ** not to risk breaking vxworks support for the sake of such an obscure 
+  ** but because no way to test it is currently available. It is better
+  ** not to risk breaking vxworks support for the sake of such an obscure
   ** feature.  */
 #if !OS_VXWORKS
   struct stat sStat;                   /* Results of stat() call */
@@ -6000,7 +5991,7 @@ static UnixUnusedFd *findReusableFd(const char *zPath, int flags){
 }
 
 /*
-** Find the mode, uid and gid of file zFile. 
+** Find the mode, uid and gid of file zFile.
 */
 static int getFileMode(
   const char *zFile,              /* File name */
@@ -6024,16 +6015,16 @@ static int getFileMode(
 ** This function is called by unixOpen() to determine the unix permissions
 ** to create new files with. If no error occurs, then SQLITE_OK is returned
 ** and a value suitable for passing as the third argument to open(2) is
-** written to *pMode. If an IO error occurs, an SQLite error code is 
+** written to *pMode. If an IO error occurs, an SQLite error code is
 ** returned and the value of *pMode is not modified.
 **
 ** In most cases, this routine sets *pMode to 0, which will become
 ** an indication to robust_open() to create the file using
 ** SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS adjusted by the umask.
-** But if the file being opened is a WAL or regular journal file, then 
-** this function queries the file-system for the permissions on the 
-** corresponding database file and sets *pMode to this value. Whenever 
-** possible, WAL and journal files are created using the same permissions 
+** But if the file being opened is a WAL or regular journal file, then
+** this function queries the file-system for the permissions on the
+** corresponding database file and sets *pMode to this value. Whenever
+** possible, WAL and journal files are created using the same permissions
 ** as the associated database file.
 **
 ** If the SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES option is enabled, then the
@@ -6065,7 +6056,7 @@ static int findCreateFileMode(
     **   "<path to db>-journalNN"
     **   "<path to db>-walNN"
     **
-    ** where NN is a decimal number. The NN naming schemes are 
+    ** where NN is a decimal number. The NN naming schemes are
     ** used by the test_multiplex.c module.
     **
     ** In normal operation, the journal file name will always contain
@@ -6101,7 +6092,7 @@ static int findCreateFileMode(
 
 /*
 ** Open the file zPath.
-** 
+**
 ** Previously, the SQLite OS layer used three functions in place of this
 ** one:
 **
@@ -6112,13 +6103,13 @@ static int findCreateFileMode(
 ** These calls correspond to the following combinations of flags:
 **
 **     ReadWrite() ->     (READWRITE | CREATE)
-**     ReadOnly()  ->     (READONLY) 
+**     ReadOnly()  ->     (READONLY)
 **     OpenExclusive() -> (READWRITE | CREATE | EXCLUSIVE)
 **
 ** The old OpenExclusive() accepted a boolean argument - "delFlag". If
 ** true, the file was configured to be automatically deleted when the
-** file handle closed. To achieve the same effect using this new 
-** interface, add the DELETEONCLOSE flag to those specified above for 
+** file handle closed. To achieve the same effect using this new
+** interface, add the DELETEONCLOSE flag to those specified above for
 ** OpenExclusive().
 */
 static int unixOpen(
@@ -6153,8 +6144,8 @@ static int unixOpen(
   ** is called the directory file descriptor will be fsync()ed and close()d.
   */
   int isNewJrnl = (isCreate && (
-        eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL 
-     || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL 
+        eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL
+     || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL
      || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_WAL
   ));
 
@@ -6164,9 +6155,9 @@ static int unixOpen(
   char zTmpname[MAX_PATHNAME+2];
   const char *zName = zPath;
 
-  /* Check the following statements are true: 
+  /* Check the following statements are true:
   **
-  **   (a) Exactly one of the READWRITE and READONLY flags must be set, and 
+  **   (a) Exactly one of the READWRITE and READONLY flags must be set, and
   **   (b) if CREATE is set, then READWRITE must also be set, and
   **   (c) if EXCLUSIVE is set, then CREATE must also be set.
   **   (d) if DELETEONCLOSE is set, then CREATE must also be set.
@@ -6176,7 +6167,7 @@ static int unixOpen(
   assert(isExclusive==0 || isCreate);
   assert(isDelete==0 || isCreate);
 
-  /* The main DB, main journal, WAL file and super-journal are never 
+  /* The main DB, main journal, WAL file and super-journal are never
   ** automatically deleted. Nor are they ever temporary files.  */
   assert( (!isDelete && zName) || eType!=SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB );
   assert( (!isDelete && zName) || eType!=SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL );
@@ -6184,9 +6175,9 @@ static int unixOpen(
   assert( (!isDelete && zName) || eType!=SQLITE_OPEN_WAL );
 
   /* Assert that the upper layer has set one of the "file-type" flags. */
-  assert( eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB      || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB 
-       || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL 
-       || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL   || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL 
+  assert( eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB      || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB
+       || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL
+       || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL   || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL
        || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_WAL
   );
 
@@ -6240,7 +6231,7 @@ static int unixOpen(
 
   /* Determine the value of the flags parameter passed to POSIX function
   ** open(). These must be calculated even if open() is not called, as
-  ** they may be stored as part of the file handle and used by the 
+  ** they may be stored as part of the file handle and used by the
   ** 'conch file' locking functions later on.  */
   if( isReadonly )  openFlags |= O_RDONLY;
   if( isReadWrite ) openFlags |= O_RDWR;
@@ -6305,7 +6296,7 @@ static int unixOpen(
 
   if( p->pPreallocatedUnused ){
     p->pPreallocatedUnused->fd = fd;
-    p->pPreallocatedUnused->flags = 
+    p->pPreallocatedUnused->flags =
                           flags & (SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE);
   }
 
@@ -6327,7 +6318,7 @@ static int unixOpen(
     p->openFlags = openFlags;
   }
 #endif
-  
+
 #if defined(__APPLE__) || SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
   if( fstatfs(fd, &fsInfo) == -1 ){
     storeLastErrno(p, errno);
@@ -6358,7 +6349,7 @@ static int unixOpen(
     char *envforce = getenv("SQLITE_FORCE_PROXY_LOCKING");
     int useProxy = 0;
 
-    /* SQLITE_FORCE_PROXY_LOCKING==1 means force always use proxy, 0 means 
+    /* SQLITE_FORCE_PROXY_LOCKING==1 means force always use proxy, 0 means
     ** never use proxy, NULL means use proxy for non-local files only.  */
     if( envforce!=NULL ){
       useProxy = atoi(envforce)>0;
@@ -6370,9 +6361,9 @@ static int unixOpen(
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
         rc = proxyTransformUnixFile((unixFile*)pFile, ":auto:");
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
-          /* Use unixClose to clean up the resources added in fillInUnixFile 
-          ** and clear all the structure's references.  Specifically, 
-          ** pFile->pMethods will be NULL so sqlite3OsClose will be a no-op 
+          /* Use unixClose to clean up the resources added in fillInUnixFile
+          ** and clear all the structure's references.  Specifically,
+          ** pFile->pMethods will be NULL so sqlite3OsClose will be a no-op
           */
           unixClose(pFile);
           return rc;
@@ -6382,9 +6373,9 @@ static int unixOpen(
     }
   }
 #endif
-  
-  assert( zPath==0 || zPath[0]=='/' 
-      || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL 
+
+  assert( zPath==0 || zPath[0]=='/'
+      || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL || eType==SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL
   );
   rc = fillInUnixFile(pVfs, fd, pFile, zPath, ctrlFlags);
 
@@ -6569,9 +6560,9 @@ static void appendAllPathElements(
 /*
 ** Turn a relative pathname into a full pathname. The relative path
 ** is stored as a nul-terminated string in the buffer pointed to by
-** zPath. 
+** zPath.
 **
-** zOut points to a buffer of at least sqlite3_vfs.mxPathname bytes 
+** zOut points to a buffer of at least sqlite3_vfs.mxPathname bytes
 ** (in this case, MAX_PATHNAME bytes). The full-path is written to
 ** this buffer before returning.
 */
@@ -6631,7 +6622,7 @@ static void unixDlError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int nBuf, char *zBufOut){
   unixLeaveMutex();
 }
 static void (*unixDlSym(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, void *p, const char*zSym))(void){
-  /* 
+  /*
   ** GCC with -pedantic-errors says that C90 does not allow a void* to be
   ** cast into a pointer to a function.  And yet the library dlsym() routine
   ** returns a void* which is really a pointer to a function.  So how do we
@@ -6641,7 +6632,7 @@ static void (*unixDlSym(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, void *p, const char*zSym))(void){
   ** parameters void* and const char* and returning a pointer to a function.
   ** We initialize x by assigning it a pointer to the dlsym() function.
   ** (That assignment requires a cast.)  Then we call the function that
-  ** x points to.  
+  ** x points to.
   **
   ** This work-around is unlikely to work correctly on any system where
   ** you really cannot cast a function pointer into void*.  But then, on the
@@ -6684,7 +6675,7 @@ static int unixRandomness(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int nBuf, char *zBuf){
   ** tests repeatable.
   */
   memset(zBuf, 0, nBuf);
-  randomnessPid = osGetpid(0);  
+  randomnessPid = osGetpid(0);
 #if !defined(SQLITE_TEST) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_RANDOMNESS)
   {
     int fd, got;
@@ -6715,12 +6706,17 @@ static int unixRandomness(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int nBuf, char *zBuf){
 ** than the argument.
 */
 static int unixSleep(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int microseconds){
-#if OS_VXWORKS || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L
+#if !defined(HAVE_NANOSLEEP) || HAVE_NANOSLEEP+0
   struct timespec sp;
-
   sp.tv_sec = microseconds / 1000000;
   sp.tv_nsec = (microseconds % 1000000) * 1000;
+
+  /* Almost all modern unix systems support nanosleep().  But if you are
+  ** compiling for one of the rare exceptions, you can use
+  ** -DHAVE_NANOSLEEP=0 (perhaps in conjuction with -DHAVE_USLEEP if
+  ** usleep() is available) in order to bypass the use of nanosleep() */
   nanosleep(&sp, NULL);
+
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed);
   return microseconds;
 #elif defined(HAVE_USLEEP) && HAVE_USLEEP
@@ -6752,7 +6748,7 @@ int sqlite3_current_time = 0;  /* Fake system time in seconds since 1970. */
 ** epoch of noon in Greenwich on November 24, 4714 B.C according to the
 ** proleptic Gregorian calendar.
 **
-** On success, return SQLITE_OK.  Return SQLITE_ERROR if the time and date 
+** On success, return SQLITE_OK.  Return SQLITE_ERROR if the time and date
 ** cannot be found.
 */
 static int unixCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, sqlite3_int64 *piNow){
@@ -6859,7 +6855,7 @@ static int unixGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int NotUsed2, char *NotUsed3){
 ** To address the performance and cache coherency issues, proxy file locking
 ** changes the way database access is controlled by limiting access to a
 ** single host at a time and moving file locks off of the database file
-** and onto a proxy file on the local file system.  
+** and onto a proxy file on the local file system.
 **
 **
 ** Using proxy locks
@@ -6885,19 +6881,19 @@ static int unixGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int NotUsed2, char *NotUsed3){
 ** actual proxy file name is generated from the name and path of the
 ** database file.  For example:
 **
-**       For database path "/Users/me/foo.db" 
+**       For database path "/Users/me/foo.db"
 **       The lock path will be "<tmpdir>/sqliteplocks/_Users_me_foo.db:auto:")
 **
 ** Once a lock proxy is configured for a database connection, it can not
 ** be removed, however it may be switched to a different proxy path via
 ** the above APIs (assuming the conch file is not being held by another
-** connection or process). 
+** connection or process).
 **
 **
 ** How proxy locking works
 ** -----------------------
 **
-** Proxy file locking relies primarily on two new supporting files: 
+** Proxy file locking relies primarily on two new supporting files:
 **
 **   *  conch file to limit access to the database file to a single host
 **      at a time
@@ -6924,11 +6920,11 @@ static int unixGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int NotUsed2, char *NotUsed3){
 ** host (the conch ensures that they all use the same local lock file).
 **
 ** Requesting the lock proxy does not immediately take the conch, it is
-** only taken when the first request to lock database file is made.  
+** only taken when the first request to lock database file is made.
 ** This matches the semantics of the traditional locking behavior, where
 ** opening a connection to a database file does not take a lock on it.
-** The shared lock and an open file descriptor are maintained until 
-** the connection to the database is closed. 
+** The shared lock and an open file descriptor are maintained until
+** the connection to the database is closed.
 **
 ** The proxy file and the lock file are never deleted so they only need
 ** to be created the first time they are used.
@@ -6942,7 +6938,7 @@ static int unixGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int NotUsed2, char *NotUsed3){
 **       automatically configured for proxy locking, lock files are
 **       named automatically using the same logic as
 **       PRAGMA lock_proxy_file=":auto:"
-**    
+**  
 **  SQLITE_PROXY_DEBUG
 **
 **       Enables the logging of error messages during host id file
@@ -6957,8 +6953,8 @@ static int unixGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int NotUsed2, char *NotUsed3){
 **
 **       Permissions to use when creating a directory for storing the
 **       lock proxy files, only used when LOCKPROXYDIR is not set.
-**    
-**    
+**  
+**  
 ** As mentioned above, when compiled with SQLITE_PREFER_PROXY_LOCKING,
 ** setting the environment variable SQLITE_FORCE_PROXY_LOCKING to 1 will
 ** force proxy locking to be used for every database file opened, and 0
@@ -6968,12 +6964,12 @@ static int unixGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *NotUsed, int NotUsed2, char *NotUsed3){
 */
 
 /*
-** Proxy locking is only available on MacOSX 
+** Proxy locking is only available on MacOSX
 */
 #if defined(__APPLE__) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
 
 /*
-** The proxyLockingContext has the path and file structures for the remote 
+** The proxyLockingContext has the path and file structures for the remote
 ** and local proxy files in it
 */
 typedef struct proxyLockingContext proxyLockingContext;
@@ -6989,10 +6985,10 @@ struct proxyLockingContext {
   sqlite3_io_methods const *pOldMethod;     /* Original I/O methods for close */
 };
 
-/* 
-** The proxy lock file path for the database at dbPath is written into lPath, 
+/*
+** The proxy lock file path for the database at dbPath is written into lPath,
 ** which must point to valid, writable memory large enough for a maxLen length
-** file path. 
+** file path.
 */
 static int proxyGetLockPath(const char *dbPath, char *lPath, size_t maxLen){
   int len;
@@ -7009,7 +7005,7 @@ static int proxyGetLockPath(const char *dbPath, char *lPath, size_t maxLen){
                lPath, errno, osGetpid(0)));
       return SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK;
     }
-    len = strlcat(lPath, "sqliteplocks", maxLen);    
+    len = strlcat(lPath, "sqliteplocks", maxLen);  
   }
 # else
   len = strlcpy(lPath, "/tmp/", maxLen);
@@ -7019,7 +7015,7 @@ static int proxyGetLockPath(const char *dbPath, char *lPath, size_t maxLen){
   if( lPath[len-1]!='/' ){
     len = strlcat(lPath, "/", maxLen);
   }
-  
+
   /* transform the db path to a unique cache name */
   dbLen = (int)strlen(dbPath);
   for( i=0; i<dbLen && (i+len+7)<(int)maxLen; i++){
@@ -7032,14 +7028,14 @@ static int proxyGetLockPath(const char *dbPath, char *lPath, size_t maxLen){
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
  ** Creates the lock file and any missing directories in lockPath
  */
 static int proxyCreateLockPath(const char *lockPath){
   int i, len;
   char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
   int start = 0;
-  
+
   assert(lockPath!=NULL);
   /* try to create all the intermediate directories */
   len = (int)strlen(lockPath);
@@ -7047,7 +7043,7 @@ static int proxyCreateLockPath(const char *lockPath){
   for( i=1; i<len; i++ ){
     if( lockPath[i] == '/' && (i - start > 0) ){
       /* only mkdir if leaf dir != "." or "/" or ".." */
-      if( i-start>2 || (i-start==1 && buf[start] != '.' && buf[start] != '/') 
+      if( i-start>2 || (i-start==1 && buf[start] != '.' && buf[start] != '/')
          || (i-start==2 && buf[start] != '.' && buf[start+1] != '.') ){
         buf[i]='\0';
         if( osMkdir(buf, SQLITE_DEFAULT_PROXYDIR_PERMISSIONS) ){
@@ -7124,13 +7120,13 @@ static int proxyCreateUnixFile(
     switch (terrno) {
       case EACCES:
         return SQLITE_PERM;
-      case EIO: 
+      case EIO:
         return SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK; /* even though it is the conch */
       default:
         return SQLITE_CANTOPEN_BKPT;
     }
   }
-  
+
   pNew = (unixFile *)sqlite3_malloc64(sizeof(*pNew));
   if( pNew==NULL ){
     rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
@@ -7144,13 +7140,13 @@ static int proxyCreateUnixFile(
   pUnused->fd = fd;
   pUnused->flags = openFlags;
   pNew->pPreallocatedUnused = pUnused;
-  
+
   rc = fillInUnixFile(&dummyVfs, fd, (sqlite3_file*)pNew, path, 0);
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     *ppFile = pNew;
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }
-end_create_proxy:    
+end_create_proxy:  
   robust_close(pNew, fd, __LINE__);
   sqlite3_free(pNew);
   sqlite3_free(pUnused);
@@ -7169,7 +7165,7 @@ int sqlite3_hostid_num = 0;
 extern int gethostuuid(uuid_t id, const struct timespec *wait);
 #endif
 
-/* get the host ID via gethostuuid(), pHostID must point to PROXY_HOSTIDLEN 
+/* get the host ID via gethostuuid(), pHostID must point to PROXY_HOSTIDLEN
 ** bytes of writable memory.
 */
 static int proxyGetHostID(unsigned char *pHostID, int *pError){
@@ -7195,7 +7191,7 @@ static int proxyGetHostID(unsigned char *pHostID, int *pError){
     pHostID[0] = (char)(pHostID[0] + (char)(sqlite3_hostid_num & 0xFF));
   }
 #endif
-  
+
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -7206,14 +7202,14 @@ static int proxyGetHostID(unsigned char *pHostID, int *pError){
 #define PROXY_PATHINDEX    (PROXY_HEADERLEN+PROXY_HOSTIDLEN)
 #define PROXY_MAXCONCHLEN  (PROXY_HEADERLEN+PROXY_HOSTIDLEN+MAXPATHLEN)
 
-/* 
-** Takes an open conch file, copies the contents to a new path and then moves 
+/*
+** Takes an open conch file, copies the contents to a new path and then moves
 ** it back.  The newly created file's file descriptor is assigned to the
-** conch file structure and finally the original conch file descriptor is 
+** conch file structure and finally the original conch file descriptor is
 ** closed.  Returns zero if successful.
 */
 static int proxyBreakConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID){
-  proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext; 
+  proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext;
   unixFile *conchFile = pCtx->conchFile;
   char tPath[MAXPATHLEN];
   char buf[PROXY_MAXCONCHLEN];
@@ -7227,7 +7223,7 @@ static int proxyBreakConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID){
 
   /* create a new path by replace the trailing '-conch' with '-break' */
   pathLen = strlcpy(tPath, cPath, MAXPATHLEN);
-  if( pathLen>MAXPATHLEN || pathLen<6 || 
+  if( pathLen>MAXPATHLEN || pathLen<6 ||
      (strlcpy(&tPath[pathLen-5], "break", 6) != 5) ){
     sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(errmsg),errmsg,"path error (len %d)",(int)pathLen);
     goto end_breaklock;
@@ -7269,24 +7265,24 @@ static int proxyBreakConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID){
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* Take the requested lock on the conch file and break a stale lock if the 
+/* Take the requested lock on the conch file and break a stale lock if the
 ** host id matches.
 */
 static int proxyConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID, int lockType){
-  proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext; 
+  proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext;
   unixFile *conchFile = pCtx->conchFile;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   int nTries = 0;
   struct timespec conchModTime;
-  
+
   memset(&conchModTime, 0, sizeof(conchModTime));
   do {
     rc = conchFile->pMethod->xLock((sqlite3_file*)conchFile, lockType);
     nTries ++;
     if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
       /* If the lock failed (busy):
-       * 1st try: get the mod time of the conch, wait 0.5s and try again. 
-       * 2nd try: fail if the mod time changed or host id is different, wait 
+       * 1st try: get the mod time of the conch, wait 0.5s and try again.
+       * 2nd try: fail if the mod time changed or host id is different, wait
        *           10 sec and try again
        * 3rd try: break the lock unless the mod time has changed.
        */
@@ -7295,20 +7291,20 @@ static int proxyConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID, int lockType){
         storeLastErrno(pFile, errno);
         return SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK;
       }
-      
+    
       if( nTries==1 ){
         conchModTime = buf.st_mtimespec;
         unixSleep(0,500000); /* wait 0.5 sec and try the lock again*/
-        continue;  
+        continue;
       }
 
       assert( nTries>1 );
-      if( conchModTime.tv_sec != buf.st_mtimespec.tv_sec || 
+      if( conchModTime.tv_sec != buf.st_mtimespec.tv_sec ||
          conchModTime.tv_nsec != buf.st_mtimespec.tv_nsec ){
         return SQLITE_BUSY;
       }
-      
-      if( nTries==2 ){  
+    
+      if( nTries==2 ){
         char tBuf[PROXY_MAXCONCHLEN];
         int len = osPread(conchFile->h, tBuf, PROXY_MAXCONCHLEN, 0);
         if( len<0 ){
@@ -7325,9 +7321,9 @@ static int proxyConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID, int lockType){
           return SQLITE_BUSY;
         }
         unixSleep(0,10000000); /* wait 10 sec and try the lock again */
-        continue; 
+        continue;
       }
-      
+    
       assert( nTries==3 );
       if( 0==proxyBreakConchLock(pFile, myHostID) ){
         rc = SQLITE_OK;
@@ -7340,19 +7336,19 @@ static int proxyConchLock(unixFile *pFile, uuid_t myHostID, int lockType){
       }
     }
   } while( rc==SQLITE_BUSY && nTries<3 );
-  
+
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* Takes the conch by taking a shared lock and read the contents conch, if 
-** lockPath is non-NULL, the host ID and lock file path must match.  A NULL 
-** lockPath means that the lockPath in the conch file will be used if the 
-** host IDs match, or a new lock path will be generated automatically 
+/* Takes the conch by taking a shared lock and read the contents conch, if
+** lockPath is non-NULL, the host ID and lock file path must match.  A NULL
+** lockPath means that the lockPath in the conch file will be used if the
+** host IDs match, or a new lock path will be generated automatically
 ** and written to the conch file.
 */
 static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
-  proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext; 
-  
+  proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext;
+
   if( pCtx->conchHeld!=0 ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
   }else{
@@ -7368,7 +7364,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
     int readLen = 0;
     int tryOldLockPath = 0;
     int forceNewLockPath = 0;
-    
+  
     OSTRACE(("TAKECONCH  %d for %s pid=%d\n", conchFile->h,
              (pCtx->lockProxyPath ? pCtx->lockProxyPath : ":auto:"),
              osGetpid(0)));
@@ -7389,21 +7385,21 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
       storeLastErrno(pFile, conchFile->lastErrno);
       rc = SQLITE_IOERR_READ;
       goto end_takeconch;
-    }else if( readLen<=(PROXY_HEADERLEN+PROXY_HOSTIDLEN) || 
+    }else if( readLen<=(PROXY_HEADERLEN+PROXY_HOSTIDLEN) ||
              readBuf[0]!=(char)PROXY_CONCHVERSION ){
-      /* a short read or version format mismatch means we need to create a new 
-      ** conch file. 
+      /* a short read or version format mismatch means we need to create a new
+      ** conch file.
       */
       createConch = 1;
     }
     /* if the host id matches and the lock path already exists in the conch
-    ** we'll try to use the path there, if we can't open that path, we'll 
-    ** retry with a new auto-generated path 
+    ** we'll try to use the path there, if we can't open that path, we'll
+    ** retry with a new auto-generated path
     */
     do { /* in case we need to try again for an :auto: named lock file */
 
       if( !createConch && !forceNewLockPath ){
-        hostIdMatch = !memcmp(&readBuf[PROXY_HEADERLEN], myHostID, 
+        hostIdMatch = !memcmp(&readBuf[PROXY_HEADERLEN], myHostID,
                                   PROXY_HOSTIDLEN);
         /* if the conch has data compare the contents */
         if( !pCtx->lockProxyPath ){
@@ -7412,7 +7408,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
            */
           if( hostIdMatch ){
             size_t pathLen = (readLen - PROXY_PATHINDEX);
-            
+          
             if( pathLen>=MAXPATHLEN ){
               pathLen=MAXPATHLEN-1;
             }
@@ -7428,23 +7424,23 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
                            readLen-PROXY_PATHINDEX)
         ){
           /* conch host and lock path match */
-          goto end_takeconch; 
+          goto end_takeconch;
         }
       }
-      
+    
       /* if the conch isn't writable and doesn't match, we can't take it */
       if( (conchFile->openFlags&O_RDWR) == 0 ){
         rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
         goto end_takeconch;
       }
-      
+    
       /* either the conch didn't match or we need to create a new one */
       if( !pCtx->lockProxyPath ){
         proxyGetLockPath(pCtx->dbPath, lockPath, MAXPATHLEN);
         tempLockPath = lockPath;
         /* create a copy of the lock path _only_ if the conch is taken */
       }
-      
+    
       /* update conch with host and path (this will fail if other process
       ** has a shared lock already), if the host id matches, use the big
       ** stick.
@@ -7455,7 +7451,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
           /* We are trying for an exclusive lock but another thread in this
            ** same process is still holding a shared lock. */
           rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
-        } else {          
+        } else {        
           rc = proxyConchLock(pFile, myHostID, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
         }
       }else{
@@ -7464,7 +7460,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
         char writeBuffer[PROXY_MAXCONCHLEN];
         int writeSize = 0;
-        
+      
         writeBuffer[0] = (char)PROXY_CONCHVERSION;
         memcpy(&writeBuffer[PROXY_HEADERLEN], myHostID, PROXY_HOSTIDLEN);
         if( pCtx->lockProxyPath!=NULL ){
@@ -7477,8 +7473,8 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
         robust_ftruncate(conchFile->h, writeSize);
         rc = unixWrite((sqlite3_file *)conchFile, writeBuffer, writeSize, 0);
         full_fsync(conchFile->h,0,0);
-        /* If we created a new conch file (not just updated the contents of a 
-         ** valid conch file), try to match the permissions of the database 
+        /* If we created a new conch file (not just updated the contents of a
+         ** valid conch file), try to match the permissions of the database
          */
         if( rc==SQLITE_OK && createConch ){
           struct stat buf;
@@ -7502,14 +7498,14 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
             }
           }else{
             int code = errno;
-            fprintf(stderr, "STAT FAILED[%d] with %d %s\n", 
+            fprintf(stderr, "STAT FAILED[%d] with %d %s\n",
                     err, code, strerror(code));
 #endif
           }
         }
       }
       conchFile->pMethod->xUnlock((sqlite3_file*)conchFile, SHARED_LOCK);
-      
+    
     end_takeconch:
       OSTRACE(("TRANSPROXY: CLOSE  %d\n", pFile->h));
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pFile->openFlags ){
@@ -7532,7 +7528,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
         rc = proxyCreateUnixFile(path, &pCtx->lockProxy, 1);
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK && rc!=SQLITE_NOMEM && tryOldLockPath ){
           /* we couldn't create the proxy lock file with the old lock file path
-           ** so try again via auto-naming 
+           ** so try again via auto-naming
            */
           forceNewLockPath = 1;
           tryOldLockPath = 0;
@@ -7552,7 +7548,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
       }
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
         pCtx->conchHeld = 1;
-        
+      
         if( pCtx->lockProxy->pMethod == &afpIoMethods ){
           afpLockingContext *afpCtx;
           afpCtx = (afpLockingContext *)pCtx->lockProxy->lockingContext;
@@ -7564,7 +7560,7 @@ static int proxyTakeConch(unixFile *pFile){
       OSTRACE(("TAKECONCH  %d %s\n", conchFile->h,
                rc==SQLITE_OK?"ok":"failed"));
       return rc;
-    } while (1); /* in case we need to retry the :auto: lock file - 
+    } while (1); /* in case we need to retry the :auto: lock file -
                  ** we should never get here except via the 'continue' call. */
   }
 }
@@ -7580,7 +7576,7 @@ static int proxyReleaseConch(unixFile *pFile){
   pCtx = (proxyLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext;
   conchFile = pCtx->conchFile;
   OSTRACE(("RELEASECONCH  %d for %s pid=%d\n", conchFile->h,
-           (pCtx->lockProxyPath ? pCtx->lockProxyPath : ":auto:"), 
+           (pCtx->lockProxyPath ? pCtx->lockProxyPath : ":auto:"),
            osGetpid(0)));
   if( pCtx->conchHeld>0 ){
     rc = conchFile->pMethod->xUnlock((sqlite3_file*)conchFile, NO_LOCK);
@@ -7608,13 +7604,13 @@ static int proxyCreateConchPathname(char *dbPath, char **pConchPath){
   char *conchPath;              /* buffer in which to construct conch name */
 
   /* Allocate space for the conch filename and initialize the name to
-  ** the name of the original database file. */  
+  ** the name of the original database file. */
   *pConchPath = conchPath = (char *)sqlite3_malloc64(len + 8);
   if( conchPath==0 ){
     return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
   }
   memcpy(conchPath, dbPath, len+1);
-  
+
   /* now insert a "." before the last / character */
   for( i=(len-1); i>=0; i-- ){
     if( conchPath[i]=='/' ){
@@ -7637,7 +7633,7 @@ static int proxyCreateConchPathname(char *dbPath, char **pConchPath){
 
 
 /* Takes a fully configured proxy locking-style unix file and switches
-** the local lock file path 
+** the local lock file path
 */
 static int switchLockProxyPath(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
   proxyLockingContext *pCtx = (proxyLockingContext*)pFile->lockingContext;
@@ -7646,7 +7642,7 @@ static int switchLockProxyPath(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
 
   if( pFile->eFileLock!=NO_LOCK ){
     return SQLITE_BUSY;
-  }  
+  }
 
   /* nothing to do if the path is NULL, :auto: or matches the existing path */
   if( !path || path[0]=='\0' || !strcmp(path, ":auto:") ||
@@ -7664,7 +7660,7 @@ static int switchLockProxyPath(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
     sqlite3_free(oldPath);
     pCtx->lockProxyPath = sqlite3DbStrDup(0, path);
   }
-  
+
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -7678,7 +7674,7 @@ static int switchLockProxyPath(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
 static int proxyGetDbPathForUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, char *dbPath){
 #if defined(__APPLE__)
   if( pFile->pMethod == &afpIoMethods ){
-    /* afp style keeps a reference to the db path in the filePath field 
+    /* afp style keeps a reference to the db path in the filePath field
     ** of the struct */
     assert( (int)strlen((char*)pFile->lockingContext)<=MAXPATHLEN );
     strlcpy(dbPath, ((afpLockingContext *)pFile->lockingContext)->dbPath,
@@ -7699,9 +7695,9 @@ static int proxyGetDbPathForUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, char *dbPath){
 }
 
 /*
-** Takes an already filled in unix file and alters it so all file locking 
+** Takes an already filled in unix file and alters it so all file locking
 ** will be performed on the local proxy lock file.  The following fields
-** are preserved in the locking context so that they can be restored and 
+** are preserved in the locking context so that they can be restored and
 ** the unix structure properly cleaned up at close time:
 **  ->lockingContext
 **  ->pMethod
@@ -7711,7 +7707,7 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
   char dbPath[MAXPATHLEN+1];       /* Name of the database file */
   char *lockPath=NULL;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
-  
+
   if( pFile->eFileLock!=NO_LOCK ){
     return SQLITE_BUSY;
   }
@@ -7721,7 +7717,7 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
   }else{
     lockPath=(char *)path;
   }
-  
+
   OSTRACE(("TRANSPROXY  %d for %s pid=%d\n", pFile->h,
            (lockPath ? lockPath : ":auto:"), osGetpid(0)));
 
@@ -7755,7 +7751,7 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
         rc = SQLITE_OK;
       }
     }
-  }  
+  }
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && lockPath ){
     pCtx->lockProxyPath = sqlite3DbStrDup(0, lockPath);
   }
@@ -7767,7 +7763,7 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
     }
   }
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    /* all memory is allocated, proxys are created and assigned, 
+    /* all memory is allocated, proxys are created and assigned,
     ** switch the locking context and pMethod then return.
     */
     pCtx->oldLockingContext = pFile->lockingContext;
@@ -7775,12 +7771,12 @@ static int proxyTransformUnixFile(unixFile *pFile, const char *path) {
     pCtx->pOldMethod = pFile->pMethod;
     pFile->pMethod = &proxyIoMethods;
   }else{
-    if( pCtx->conchFile ){ 
+    if( pCtx->conchFile ){
       pCtx->conchFile->pMethod->xClose((sqlite3_file *)pCtx->conchFile);
       sqlite3_free(pCtx->conchFile);
     }
     sqlite3DbFree(0, pCtx->lockProxyPath);
-    sqlite3_free(pCtx->conchFilePath); 
+    sqlite3_free(pCtx->conchFilePath);
     sqlite3_free(pCtx);
   }
   OSTRACE(("TRANSPROXY  %d %s\n", pFile->h,
@@ -7818,7 +7814,7 @@ static int proxyFileControl(sqlite3_file *id, int op, void *pArg){
         if( isProxyStyle ){
           /* turn off proxy locking - not supported.  If support is added for
           ** switching proxy locking mode off then it will need to fail if
-          ** the journal mode is WAL mode. 
+          ** the journal mode is WAL mode.
           */
           rc = SQLITE_ERROR /*SQLITE_PROTOCOL? SQLITE_MISUSE?*/;
         }else{
@@ -7828,9 +7824,9 @@ static int proxyFileControl(sqlite3_file *id, int op, void *pArg){
       }else{
         const char *proxyPath = (const char *)pArg;
         if( isProxyStyle ){
-          proxyLockingContext *pCtx = 
+          proxyLockingContext *pCtx =
             (proxyLockingContext*)pFile->lockingContext;
-          if( !strcmp(pArg, ":auto:") 
+          if( !strcmp(pArg, ":auto:")
            || (pCtx->lockProxyPath &&
                !strncmp(pCtx->lockProxyPath, proxyPath, MAXPATHLEN))
           ){
@@ -7955,7 +7951,7 @@ static int proxyClose(sqlite3_file *id) {
     unixFile *lockProxy = pCtx->lockProxy;
     unixFile *conchFile = pCtx->conchFile;
     int rc = SQLITE_OK;
-    
+
     if( lockProxy ){
       rc = lockProxy->pMethod->xUnlock((sqlite3_file*)lockProxy, NO_LOCK);
       if( rc ) return rc;
@@ -7992,7 +7988,7 @@ static int proxyClose(sqlite3_file *id) {
 ** The proxy locking style is intended for use with AFP filesystems.
 ** And since AFP is only supported on MacOSX, the proxy locking is also
 ** restricted to MacOSX.
-** 
+**
 **
 ******************* End of the proxy lock implementation **********************
 ******************************************************************************/
@@ -8010,8 +8006,8 @@ static int proxyClose(sqlite3_file *id) {
 ** necessarily been initialized when this routine is called, and so they
 ** should not be used.
 */
-int sqlite3_os_init(void){ 
-  /* 
+int sqlite3_os_init(void){
+  /*
   ** The following macro defines an initializer for an sqlite3_vfs object.
   ** The name of the VFS is NAME.  The pAppData is a pointer to a pointer
   ** to the "finder" function.  (pAppData is a pointer to a pointer because
@@ -8027,7 +8023,7 @@ int sqlite3_os_init(void){
   **
   ** Most finders simply return a pointer to a fixed sqlite3_io_methods
   ** object.  But the "autolockIoFinder" available on MacOSX does a little
-  ** more than that; it looks at the filesystem type that hosts the 
+  ** more than that; it looks at the filesystem type that hosts the
   ** database file and tries to choose an locking method appropriate for
   ** that filesystem time.
   */
@@ -8130,7 +8126,7 @@ int sqlite3_os_init(void){
   /* Initialize temp file dir array. */
   unixTempFileInit();
 
-  return SQLITE_OK; 
+  return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -8140,9 +8136,9 @@ int sqlite3_os_init(void){
 ** to release dynamically allocated objects.  But not on unix.
 ** This routine is a no-op for unix.
 */
-int sqlite3_os_end(void){ 
+int sqlite3_os_end(void){
   unixBigLock = 0;
-  return SQLITE_OK; 
+  return SQLITE_OK;
 }
- 
+
 #endif /* SQLITE_OS_UNIX */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/os_win.c b/sqlite/src/os_win.c
index b7b68974..dc16c08b 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/os_win.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/os_win.c
@@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@ static struct win_syscall {
 
 /*
 ** This is the xSetSystemCall() method of sqlite3_vfs for all of the
-** "win32" VFSes.  Return SQLITE_OK opon successfully updating the
+** "win32" VFSes.  Return SQLITE_OK upon successfully updating the
 ** system call pointer, or SQLITE_NOTFOUND if there is no configurable
 ** system call named zName.
 */
@@ -2739,7 +2739,7 @@ static int winRead(
            pFile->h, pBuf, amt, offset, pFile->locktype));
 
 #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
-  /* Deal with as much of this read request as possible by transfering
+  /* Deal with as much of this read request as possible by transferring
   ** data from the memory mapping using memcpy().  */
   if( offset<pFile->mmapSize ){
     if( offset+amt <= pFile->mmapSize ){
@@ -2817,7 +2817,7 @@ static int winWrite(
            pFile->h, pBuf, amt, offset, pFile->locktype));
 
 #if defined(SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE) && SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
-  /* Deal with as much of this write request as possible by transfering
+  /* Deal with as much of this write request as possible by transferring
   ** data from the memory mapping using memcpy().  */
   if( offset<pFile->mmapSize ){
     if( offset+amt <= pFile->mmapSize ){
@@ -2927,7 +2927,7 @@ static int winTruncate(sqlite3_file *id, sqlite3_int64 nByte){
     ** all references to memory-mapped content are closed.  That is doable,
     ** but involves adding a few branches in the common write code path which
     ** could slow down normal operations slightly.  Hence, we have decided for
-    ** now to simply make trancations a no-op if there are pending reads.  We
+    ** now to simply make transactions a no-op if there are pending reads.  We
     ** can maybe revisit this decision in the future.
     */
     return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -2986,7 +2986,7 @@ static int winTruncate(sqlite3_file *id, sqlite3_int64 nByte){
 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
 /*
 ** Count the number of fullsyncs and normal syncs.  This is used to test
-** that syncs and fullsyncs are occuring at the right times.
+** that syncs and fullsyncs are occurring at the right times.
 */
 int sqlite3_sync_count = 0;
 int sqlite3_fullsync_count = 0;
@@ -3343,7 +3343,7 @@ static int winLock(sqlite3_file *id, int locktype){
   */
   if( locktype==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && res ){
     assert( pFile->locktype>=SHARED_LOCK );
-    res = winUnlockReadLock(pFile);
+    (void)winUnlockReadLock(pFile);
     res = winLockFile(&pFile->h, SQLITE_LOCKFILE_FLAGS, SHARED_FIRST, 0,
                       SHARED_SIZE, 0);
     if( res ){
@@ -4747,6 +4747,7 @@ static int winGetTempname(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, char **pzBuf){
     "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
     "0123456789";
   size_t i, j;
+  DWORD pid;
   int nPre = sqlite3Strlen30(SQLITE_TEMP_FILE_PREFIX);
   int nMax, nBuf, nDir, nLen;
   char *zBuf;
@@ -4959,7 +4960,10 @@ static int winGetTempname(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, char **pzBuf){
 
   j = sqlite3Strlen30(zBuf);
   sqlite3_randomness(15, &zBuf[j]);
+  pid = osGetCurrentProcessId();
   for(i=0; i<15; i++, j++){
+    zBuf[j] += pid & 0xff;
+    pid >>= 8;
     zBuf[j] = (char)zChars[ ((unsigned char)zBuf[j])%(sizeof(zChars)-1) ];
   }
   zBuf[j] = 0;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/pager.c b/sqlite/src/pager.c
index 44384de5..e5475042 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/pager.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/pager.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 **
 *************************************************************************
 ** This is the implementation of the page cache subsystem or "pager".
-** 
+**
 ** The pager is used to access a database disk file.  It implements
 ** atomic commit and rollback through the use of a journal file that
 ** is separate from the database file.  The pager also implements file
@@ -36,60 +36,60 @@
 **
 ** Definition:  A page of the database file is said to be "overwriteable" if
 ** one or more of the following are true about the page:
-** 
+**
 **     (a)  The original content of the page as it was at the beginning of
 **          the transaction has been written into the rollback journal and
 **          synced.
-** 
+**
 **     (b)  The page was a freelist leaf page at the start of the transaction.
-** 
+**
 **     (c)  The page number is greater than the largest page that existed in
 **          the database file at the start of the transaction.
-** 
+**
 ** (1) A page of the database file is never overwritten unless one of the
 **     following are true:
-** 
+**
 **     (a) The page and all other pages on the same sector are overwriteable.
-** 
+**
 **     (b) The atomic page write optimization is enabled, and the entire
 **         transaction other than the update of the transaction sequence
 **         number consists of a single page change.
-** 
+**
 ** (2) The content of a page written into the rollback journal exactly matches
 **     both the content in the database when the rollback journal was written
 **     and the content in the database at the beginning of the current
 **     transaction.
-** 
+**
 ** (3) Writes to the database file are an integer multiple of the page size
 **     in length and are aligned on a page boundary.
-** 
+**
 ** (4) Reads from the database file are either aligned on a page boundary and
 **     an integer multiple of the page size in length or are taken from the
 **     first 100 bytes of the database file.
-** 
+**
 ** (5) All writes to the database file are synced prior to the rollback journal
 **     being deleted, truncated, or zeroed.
-** 
+**
 ** (6) If a super-journal file is used, then all writes to the database file
 **     are synced prior to the super-journal being deleted.
-** 
+**
 ** Definition: Two databases (or the same database at two points it time)
 ** are said to be "logically equivalent" if they give the same answer to
 ** all queries.  Note in particular the content of freelist leaf
 ** pages can be changed arbitrarily without affecting the logical equivalence
 ** of the database.
-** 
+**
 ** (7) At any time, if any subset, including the empty set and the total set,
-**     of the unsynced changes to a rollback journal are removed and the 
+**     of the unsynced changes to a rollback journal are removed and the
 **     journal is rolled back, the resulting database file will be logically
 **     equivalent to the database file at the beginning of the transaction.
-** 
+**
 ** (8) When a transaction is rolled back, the xTruncate method of the VFS
 **     is called to restore the database file to the same size it was at
 **     the beginning of the transaction.  (In some VFSes, the xTruncate
 **     method is a no-op, but that does not change the fact the SQLite will
 **     invoke it.)
-** 
+**
 ** (9) Whenever the database file is modified, at least one bit in the range
 **     of bytes from 24 through 39 inclusive will be changed prior to releasing
 **     the EXCLUSIVE lock, thus signaling other connections on the same
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 
 /*
 ** The following two macros are used within the PAGERTRACE() macros above
-** to print out file-descriptors. 
+** to print out file-descriptors.
 **
 ** PAGERID() takes a pointer to a Pager struct as its argument. The
 ** associated file-descriptor is returned. FILEHANDLEID() takes an sqlite3_file
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **               |              |                |
 **               |              V                |
 **               |<-------WRITER_LOCKED------> ERROR
-**               |              |                ^  
+**               |              |                ^ 
 **               |              V                |
 **               |<------WRITER_CACHEMOD-------->|
 **               |              |                |
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 **
 ** List of state transitions and the C [function] that performs each:
-** 
+**
 **   OPEN              -> READER              [sqlite3PagerSharedLock]
 **   READER            -> OPEN                [pager_unlock]
 **
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 **   WRITER_***        -> ERROR               [pager_error]
 **   ERROR             -> OPEN                [pager_unlock]
-** 
+**
 **
 **  OPEN:
 **
@@ -181,9 +181,9 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 **  READER:
 **
-**    In this state all the requirements for reading the database in 
+**    In this state all the requirements for reading the database in
 **    rollback (non-WAL) mode are met. Unless the pager is (or recently
-**    was) in exclusive-locking mode, a user-level read transaction is 
+**    was) in exclusive-locking mode, a user-level read transaction is
 **    open. The database size is known in this state.
 **
 **    A connection running with locking_mode=normal enters this state when
@@ -193,28 +193,28 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **    this state even after the read-transaction is closed. The only way
 **    a locking_mode=exclusive connection can transition from READER to OPEN
 **    is via the ERROR state (see below).
-** 
+**
 **    * A read transaction may be active (but a write-transaction cannot).
 **    * A SHARED or greater lock is held on the database file.
-**    * The dbSize variable may be trusted (even if a user-level read 
+**    * The dbSize variable may be trusted (even if a user-level read
 **      transaction is not active). The dbOrigSize and dbFileSize variables
 **      may not be trusted at this point.
 **    * If the database is a WAL database, then the WAL connection is open.
-**    * Even if a read-transaction is not open, it is guaranteed that 
+**    * Even if a read-transaction is not open, it is guaranteed that
 **      there is no hot-journal in the file-system.
 **
 **  WRITER_LOCKED:
 **
 **    The pager moves to this state from READER when a write-transaction
-**    is first opened on the database. In WRITER_LOCKED state, all locks 
-**    required to start a write-transaction are held, but no actual 
+**    is first opened on the database. In WRITER_LOCKED state, all locks
+**    required to start a write-transaction are held, but no actual
 **    modifications to the cache or database have taken place.
 **
-**    In rollback mode, a RESERVED or (if the transaction was opened with 
+**    In rollback mode, a RESERVED or (if the transaction was opened with
 **    BEGIN EXCLUSIVE) EXCLUSIVE lock is obtained on the database file when
-**    moving to this state, but the journal file is not written to or opened 
-**    to in this state. If the transaction is committed or rolled back while 
-**    in WRITER_LOCKED state, all that is required is to unlock the database 
+**    moving to this state, but the journal file is not written to or opened
+**    to in this state. If the transaction is committed or rolled back while
+**    in WRITER_LOCKED state, all that is required is to unlock the database
 **    file.
 **
 **    IN WAL mode, WalBeginWriteTransaction() is called to lock the log file.
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **    is made to obtain an EXCLUSIVE lock on the database file.
 **
 **    * A write transaction is active.
-**    * If the connection is open in rollback-mode, a RESERVED or greater 
+**    * If the connection is open in rollback-mode, a RESERVED or greater
 **      lock is held on the database file.
 **    * If the connection is open in WAL-mode, a WAL write transaction
 **      is open (i.e. sqlite3WalBeginWriteTransaction() has been successfully
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 **    * A write transaction is active.
 **    * A RESERVED or greater lock is held on the database file.
-**    * The journal file is open and the first header has been written 
+**    * The journal file is open and the first header has been written
 **      to it, but the header has not been synced to disk.
 **    * The contents of the page cache have been modified.
 **
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 **    * A write transaction is active.
 **    * An EXCLUSIVE or greater lock is held on the database file.
-**    * The journal file is open and the first header has been written 
+**    * The journal file is open and the first header has been written
 **      and synced to disk.
 **    * The contents of the page cache have been modified (and possibly
 **      written to disk).
@@ -266,8 +266,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **    A rollback-mode pager changes to WRITER_FINISHED state from WRITER_DBMOD
 **    state after the entire transaction has been successfully written into the
 **    database file. In this state the transaction may be committed simply
-**    by finalizing the journal file. Once in WRITER_FINISHED state, it is 
-**    not possible to modify the database further. At this point, the upper 
+**    by finalizing the journal file. Once in WRITER_FINISHED state, it is
+**    not possible to modify the database further. At this point, the upper
 **    layer must either commit or rollback the transaction.
 **
 **    * A write transaction is active.
@@ -275,19 +275,19 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **    * All writing and syncing of journal and database data has finished.
 **      If no error occurred, all that remains is to finalize the journal to
 **      commit the transaction. If an error did occur, the caller will need
-**      to rollback the transaction. 
+**      to rollback the transaction.
 **
 **  ERROR:
 **
 **    The ERROR state is entered when an IO or disk-full error (including
-**    SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM) occurs at a point in the code that makes it 
-**    difficult to be sure that the in-memory pager state (cache contents, 
+**    SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM) occurs at a point in the code that makes it
+**    difficult to be sure that the in-memory pager state (cache contents,
 **    db size etc.) are consistent with the contents of the file-system.
 **
 **    Temporary pager files may enter the ERROR state, but in-memory pagers
 **    cannot.
 **
-**    For example, if an IO error occurs while performing a rollback, 
+**    For example, if an IO error occurs while performing a rollback,
 **    the contents of the page-cache may be left in an inconsistent state.
 **    At this point it would be dangerous to change back to READER state
 **    (as usually happens after a rollback). Any subsequent readers might
@@ -297,13 +297,13 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **    instead of READER following such an error.
 **
 **    Once it has entered the ERROR state, any attempt to use the pager
-**    to read or write data returns an error. Eventually, once all 
+**    to read or write data returns an error. Eventually, once all
 **    outstanding transactions have been abandoned, the pager is able to
-**    transition back to OPEN state, discarding the contents of the 
+**    transition back to OPEN state, discarding the contents of the
 **    page-cache and any other in-memory state at the same time. Everything
-**    is reloaded from disk (and, if necessary, hot-journal rollback peformed)
+**    is reloaded from disk (and, if necessary, hot-journal rollback performed)
 **    when a read-transaction is next opened on the pager (transitioning
-**    the pager into READER state). At that point the system has recovered 
+**    the pager into READER state). At that point the system has recovered
 **    from the error.
 **
 **    Specifically, the pager jumps into the ERROR state if:
@@ -319,21 +319,21 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **         memory.
 **
 **    In other cases, the error is returned to the b-tree layer. The b-tree
-**    layer then attempts a rollback operation. If the error condition 
+**    layer then attempts a rollback operation. If the error condition
 **    persists, the pager enters the ERROR state via condition (1) above.
 **
 **    Condition (3) is necessary because it can be triggered by a read-only
 **    statement executed within a transaction. In this case, if the error
 **    code were simply returned to the user, the b-tree layer would not
 **    automatically attempt a rollback, as it assumes that an error in a
-**    read-only statement cannot leave the pager in an internally inconsistent 
+**    read-only statement cannot leave the pager in an internally inconsistent
 **    state.
 **
 **    * The Pager.errCode variable is set to something other than SQLITE_OK.
 **    * There are one or more outstanding references to pages (after the
 **      last reference is dropped the pager should move back to OPEN state).
 **    * The pager is not an in-memory pager.
-**    
+**   
 **
 ** Notes:
 **
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 **   * Normally, a connection open in exclusive mode is never in PAGER_OPEN
 **     state. There are two exceptions: immediately after exclusive-mode has
-**     been turned on (and before any read or write transactions are 
+**     been turned on (and before any read or write transactions are
 **     executed), and when the pager is leaving the "error state".
 **
 **   * See also: assert_pager_state().
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 #define PAGER_ERROR                 6
 
 /*
-** The Pager.eLock variable is almost always set to one of the 
+** The Pager.eLock variable is almost always set to one of the
 ** following locking-states, according to the lock currently held on
 ** the database file: NO_LOCK, SHARED_LOCK, RESERVED_LOCK or EXCLUSIVE_LOCK.
 ** This variable is kept up to date as locks are taken and released by
@@ -372,20 +372,20 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 ** to a less exclusive (lower) value than the lock that is actually held
 ** at the system level, but it is never set to a more exclusive value.
 **
-** This is usually safe. If an xUnlock fails or appears to fail, there may 
+** This is usually safe. If an xUnlock fails or appears to fail, there may
 ** be a few redundant xLock() calls or a lock may be held for longer than
 ** required, but nothing really goes wrong.
 **
 ** The exception is when the database file is unlocked as the pager moves
-** from ERROR to OPEN state. At this point there may be a hot-journal file 
+** from ERROR to OPEN state. At this point there may be a hot-journal file
 ** in the file-system that needs to be rolled back (as part of an OPEN->SHARED
 ** transition, by the same pager or any other). If the call to xUnlock()
 ** fails at this point and the pager is left holding an EXCLUSIVE lock, this
 ** can confuse the call to xCheckReservedLock() call made later as part
 ** of hot-journal detection.
 **
-** xCheckReservedLock() is defined as returning true "if there is a RESERVED 
-** lock held by this process or any others". So xCheckReservedLock may 
+** xCheckReservedLock() is defined as returning true "if there is a RESERVED
+** lock held by this process or any others". So xCheckReservedLock may
 ** return true because the caller itself is holding an EXCLUSIVE lock (but
 ** doesn't know it because of a previous error in xUnlock). If this happens
 ** a hot-journal may be mistaken for a journal being created by an active
@@ -396,18 +396,18 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 ** database in the ERROR state, Pager.eLock is set to UNKNOWN_LOCK. It
 ** is only changed back to a real locking state after a successful call
 ** to xLock(EXCLUSIVE). Also, the code to do the OPEN->SHARED state transition
-** omits the check for a hot-journal if Pager.eLock is set to UNKNOWN_LOCK 
+** omits the check for a hot-journal if Pager.eLock is set to UNKNOWN_LOCK
 ** lock. Instead, it assumes a hot-journal exists and obtains an EXCLUSIVE
 ** lock on the database file before attempting to roll it back. See function
 ** PagerSharedLock() for more detail.
 **
-** Pager.eLock may only be set to UNKNOWN_LOCK when the pager is in 
+** Pager.eLock may only be set to UNKNOWN_LOCK when the pager is in
 ** PAGER_OPEN state.
 */
 #define UNKNOWN_LOCK                (EXCLUSIVE_LOCK+1)
 
 /*
-** The maximum allowed sector size. 64KiB. If the xSectorsize() method 
+** The maximum allowed sector size. 64KiB. If the xSectorsize() method
 ** returns a value larger than this, then MAX_SECTOR_SIZE is used instead.
 ** This could conceivably cause corruption following a power failure on
 ** such a system. This is currently an undocumented limit.
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerTrace=1;  /* True to enable tracing */
 **
 ** When a savepoint is created, the PagerSavepoint.iHdrOffset field is
 ** set to 0. If a journal-header is written into the main journal while
-** the savepoint is active, then iHdrOffset is set to the byte offset 
+** the savepoint is active, then iHdrOffset is set to the byte offset
 ** immediately following the last journal record written into the main
 ** journal before the journal-header. This is required during savepoint
 ** rollback (see pagerPlaybackSavepoint()).
@@ -474,34 +474,34 @@ struct PagerSavepoint {
 **
 ** changeCountDone
 **
-**   This boolean variable is used to make sure that the change-counter 
-**   (the 4-byte header field at byte offset 24 of the database file) is 
-**   not updated more often than necessary. 
+**   This boolean variable is used to make sure that the change-counter
+**   (the 4-byte header field at byte offset 24 of the database file) is
+**   not updated more often than necessary.
 **
-**   It is set to true when the change-counter field is updated, which 
+**   It is set to true when the change-counter field is updated, which
 **   can only happen if an exclusive lock is held on the database file.
-**   It is cleared (set to false) whenever an exclusive lock is 
+**   It is cleared (set to false) whenever an exclusive lock is
 **   relinquished on the database file. Each time a transaction is committed,
 **   The changeCountDone flag is inspected. If it is true, the work of
 **   updating the change-counter is omitted for the current transaction.
 **
-**   This mechanism means that when running in exclusive mode, a connection 
+**   This mechanism means that when running in exclusive mode, a connection
 **   need only update the change-counter once, for the first transaction
 **   committed.
 **
 ** setSuper
 **
 **   When PagerCommitPhaseOne() is called to commit a transaction, it may
-**   (or may not) specify a super-journal name to be written into the 
+**   (or may not) specify a super-journal name to be written into the
 **   journal file before it is synced to disk.
 **
-**   Whether or not a journal file contains a super-journal pointer affects 
-**   the way in which the journal file is finalized after the transaction is 
+**   Whether or not a journal file contains a super-journal pointer affects
+**   the way in which the journal file is finalized after the transaction is
 **   committed or rolled back when running in "journal_mode=PERSIST" mode.
 **   If a journal file does not contain a super-journal pointer, it is
 **   finalized by overwriting the first journal header with zeroes. If
-**   it does contain a super-journal pointer the journal file is finalized 
-**   by truncating it to zero bytes, just as if the connection were 
+**   it does contain a super-journal pointer the journal file is finalized
+**   by truncating it to zero bytes, just as if the connection were
 **   running in "journal_mode=truncate" mode.
 **
 **   Journal files that contain super-journal pointers cannot be finalized
@@ -527,12 +527,12 @@ struct PagerSavepoint {
 **   to allocate a new page to prevent the journal file from being written
 **   while it is being traversed by code in pager_playback().  The SPILLFLAG_OFF
 **   case is a user preference.
-** 
+**
 **   If the SPILLFLAG_NOSYNC bit is set, writing to the database from
 **   pagerStress() is permitted, but syncing the journal file is not.
 **   This flag is set by sqlite3PagerWrite() when the file-system sector-size
 **   is larger than the database page-size in order to prevent a journal sync
-**   from happening in between the journalling of two pages on the same sector. 
+**   from happening in between the journalling of two pages on the same sector.
 **
 ** subjInMemory
 **
@@ -540,16 +540,16 @@ struct PagerSavepoint {
 **   is opened as an in-memory journal file. If false, then in-memory
 **   sub-journals are only used for in-memory pager files.
 **
-**   This variable is updated by the upper layer each time a new 
+**   This variable is updated by the upper layer each time a new
 **   write-transaction is opened.
 **
 ** dbSize, dbOrigSize, dbFileSize
 **
 **   Variable dbSize is set to the number of pages in the database file.
 **   It is valid in PAGER_READER and higher states (all states except for
-**   OPEN and ERROR). 
+**   OPEN and ERROR).
 **
-**   dbSize is set based on the size of the database file, which may be 
+**   dbSize is set based on the size of the database file, which may be
 **   larger than the size of the database (the value stored at offset
 **   28 of the database header by the btree). If the size of the file
 **   is not an integer multiple of the page-size, the value stored in
@@ -560,10 +560,10 @@ struct PagerSavepoint {
 **
 **   During a write-transaction, if pages with page-numbers greater than
 **   dbSize are modified in the cache, dbSize is updated accordingly.
-**   Similarly, if the database is truncated using PagerTruncateImage(), 
+**   Similarly, if the database is truncated using PagerTruncateImage(),
 **   dbSize is updated.
 **
-**   Variables dbOrigSize and dbFileSize are valid in states 
+**   Variables dbOrigSize and dbFileSize are valid in states
 **   PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED and higher. dbOrigSize is a copy of the dbSize
 **   variable at the start of the transaction. It is used during rollback,
 **   and to determine whether or not pages need to be journalled before
@@ -572,12 +572,12 @@ struct PagerSavepoint {
 **   Throughout a write-transaction, dbFileSize contains the size of
 **   the file on disk in pages. It is set to a copy of dbSize when the
 **   write-transaction is first opened, and updated when VFS calls are made
-**   to write or truncate the database file on disk. 
+**   to write or truncate the database file on disk.
 **
-**   The only reason the dbFileSize variable is required is to suppress 
-**   unnecessary calls to xTruncate() after committing a transaction. If, 
-**   when a transaction is committed, the dbFileSize variable indicates 
-**   that the database file is larger than the database image (Pager.dbSize), 
+**   The only reason the dbFileSize variable is required is to suppress
+**   unnecessary calls to xTruncate() after committing a transaction. If,
+**   when a transaction is committed, the dbFileSize variable indicates
+**   that the database file is larger than the database image (Pager.dbSize),
 **   pager_truncate() is called. The pager_truncate() call uses xFilesize()
 **   to measure the database file on disk, and then truncates it if required.
 **   dbFileSize is not used when rolling back a transaction. In this case
@@ -588,20 +588,20 @@ struct PagerSavepoint {
 ** dbHintSize
 **
 **   The dbHintSize variable is used to limit the number of calls made to
-**   the VFS xFileControl(FCNTL_SIZE_HINT) method. 
+**   the VFS xFileControl(FCNTL_SIZE_HINT) method.
 **
 **   dbHintSize is set to a copy of the dbSize variable when a
 **   write-transaction is opened (at the same time as dbFileSize and
 **   dbOrigSize). If the xFileControl(FCNTL_SIZE_HINT) method is called,
 **   dbHintSize is increased to the number of pages that correspond to the
-**   size-hint passed to the method call. See pager_write_pagelist() for 
+**   size-hint passed to the method call. See pager_write_pagelist() for
 **   details.
 **
 ** errCode
 **
 **   The Pager.errCode variable is only ever used in PAGER_ERROR state. It
-**   is set to zero in all other states. In PAGER_ERROR state, Pager.errCode 
-**   is always set to SQLITE_FULL, SQLITE_IOERR or one of the SQLITE_IOERR_XXX 
+**   is set to zero in all other states. In PAGER_ERROR state, Pager.errCode
+**   is always set to SQLITE_FULL, SQLITE_IOERR or one of the SQLITE_IOERR_XXX
 **   sub-codes.
 **
 ** syncFlags, walSyncFlags
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ struct Pager {
 
 /*
 ** Indexes for use with Pager.aStat[]. The Pager.aStat[] array contains
-** the values accessed by passing SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT, CACHE_MISS 
+** the values accessed by passing SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT, CACHE_MISS
 ** or CACHE_WRITE to sqlite3_db_status().
 */
 #define PAGER_STAT_HIT   0
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ static const unsigned char aJournalMagic[] = {
 #define JOURNAL_PG_SZ(pPager)  ((pPager->pageSize) + 8)
 
 /*
-** The journal header size for this pager. This is usually the same 
+** The journal header size for this pager. This is usually the same
 ** size as a single disk sector. See also setSectorSize().
 */
 #define JOURNAL_HDR_SZ(pPager) (pPager->sectorSize)
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerDirectReadOk(Pager *pPager, Pgno pgno){
 # define pagerBeginReadTransaction(z) SQLITE_OK
 #endif
 
-#ifndef NDEBUG 
+#ifndef NDEBUG
 /*
 ** Usage:
 **
@@ -866,25 +866,25 @@ static int assert_pager_state(Pager *p){
   assert( p->tempFile==0 || p->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
   assert( p->tempFile==0 || pPager->changeCountDone );
 
-  /* If the useJournal flag is clear, the journal-mode must be "OFF". 
+  /* If the useJournal flag is clear, the journal-mode must be "OFF".
   ** And if the journal-mode is "OFF", the journal file must not be open.
   */
   assert( p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF || p->useJournal );
   assert( p->journalMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF || !isOpen(p->jfd) );
 
-  /* Check that MEMDB implies noSync. And an in-memory journal. Since 
-  ** this means an in-memory pager performs no IO at all, it cannot encounter 
-  ** either SQLITE_IOERR or SQLITE_FULL during rollback or while finalizing 
-  ** a journal file. (although the in-memory journal implementation may 
-  ** return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM while the journal file is being written). It 
-  ** is therefore not possible for an in-memory pager to enter the ERROR 
+  /* Check that MEMDB implies noSync. And an in-memory journal. Since
+  ** this means an in-memory pager performs no IO at all, it cannot encounter
+  ** either SQLITE_IOERR or SQLITE_FULL during rollback or while finalizing
+  ** a journal file. (although the in-memory journal implementation may
+  ** return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM while the journal file is being written). It
+  ** is therefore not possible for an in-memory pager to enter the ERROR
   ** state.
   */
   if( MEMDB ){
     assert( !isOpen(p->fd) );
     assert( p->noSync );
-    assert( p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
-         || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY 
+    assert( p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
+         || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY
     );
     assert( p->eState!=PAGER_ERROR && p->eState!=PAGER_OPEN );
     assert( pagerUseWal(p)==0 );
@@ -931,9 +931,9 @@ static int assert_pager_state(Pager *p){
         ** to journal_mode=wal.
         */
         assert( p->eLock>=RESERVED_LOCK );
-        assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
-             || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
-             || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
+        assert( isOpen(p->jfd)
+             || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
+             || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
         );
       }
       assert( pPager->dbOrigSize==pPager->dbFileSize );
@@ -945,9 +945,9 @@ static int assert_pager_state(Pager *p){
       assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
       assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
       assert( p->eLock>=EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
-      assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
-           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
-           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
+      assert( isOpen(p->jfd)
+           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
+           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
            || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(p->fd)&SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC)
       );
       assert( pPager->dbOrigSize<=pPager->dbHintSize );
@@ -957,9 +957,9 @@ static int assert_pager_state(Pager *p){
       assert( p->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
       assert( pPager->errCode==SQLITE_OK );
       assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
-      assert( isOpen(p->jfd) 
-           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
-           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
+      assert( isOpen(p->jfd)
+           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
+           || p->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
            || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(p->fd)&SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC)
       );
       break;
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ static int assert_pager_state(Pager *p){
 }
 #endif /* ifndef NDEBUG */
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG 
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
 /*
 ** Return a pointer to a human readable string in a static buffer
 ** containing the state of the Pager object passed as an argument. This
@@ -1129,7 +1129,7 @@ static int write32bits(sqlite3_file *fd, i64 offset, u32 val){
 ** succeeds, set the Pager.eLock variable to match the (attempted) new lock.
 **
 ** Except, if Pager.eLock is set to UNKNOWN_LOCK when this function is
-** called, do not modify it. See the comment above the #define of 
+** called, do not modify it. See the comment above the #define of
 ** UNKNOWN_LOCK for an explanation of this.
 */
 static int pagerUnlockDb(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
@@ -1153,11 +1153,11 @@ static int pagerUnlockDb(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
 /*
 ** Lock the database file to level eLock, which must be either SHARED_LOCK,
 ** RESERVED_LOCK or EXCLUSIVE_LOCK. If the caller is successful, set the
-** Pager.eLock variable to the new locking state. 
+** Pager.eLock variable to the new locking state.
 **
-** Except, if Pager.eLock is set to UNKNOWN_LOCK when this function is 
-** called, do not modify it unless the new locking state is EXCLUSIVE_LOCK. 
-** See the comment above the #define of UNKNOWN_LOCK for an explanation 
+** Except, if Pager.eLock is set to UNKNOWN_LOCK when this function is
+** called, do not modify it unless the new locking state is EXCLUSIVE_LOCK.
+** See the comment above the #define of UNKNOWN_LOCK for an explanation
 ** of this.
 */
 static int pagerLockDb(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
@@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ static int pagerLockDb(Pager *pPager, int eLock){
 **  (b) the value returned by OsSectorSize() is less than or equal
 **      to the page size.
 **
-** If it can be used, then the value returned is the size of the journal 
+** If it can be used, then the value returned is the size of the journal
 ** file when it contains rollback data for exactly one page.
 **
 ** The atomic-batch-write optimization can be used if OsDeviceCharacteristics()
@@ -1275,8 +1275,8 @@ static void checkPage(PgHdr *pPg){
 
 /*
 ** When this is called the journal file for pager pPager must be open.
-** This function attempts to read a super-journal file name from the 
-** end of the file and, if successful, copies it into memory supplied 
+** This function attempts to read a super-journal file name from the
+** end of the file and, if successful, copies it into memory supplied
 ** by the caller. See comments above writeSuperJournal() for the format
 ** used to store a super-journal file name at the end of a journal file.
 **
@@ -1292,7 +1292,7 @@ static void checkPage(PgHdr *pPg){
 ** nul-terminator byte is appended to the buffer following the
 ** super-journal file name.
 **
-** If it is determined that no super-journal file name is present 
+** If it is determined that no super-journal file name is present
 ** zSuper[0] is set to 0 and SQLITE_OK returned.
 **
 ** If an error occurs while reading from the journal file, an SQLite
@@ -1310,9 +1310,9 @@ static int readSuperJournal(sqlite3_file *pJrnl, char *zSuper, u32 nSuper){
   if( SQLITE_OK!=(rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pJrnl, &szJ))
    || szJ<16
    || SQLITE_OK!=(rc = read32bits(pJrnl, szJ-16, &len))
-   || len>=nSuper 
+   || len>=nSuper
    || len>szJ-16
-   || len==0 
+   || len==0
    || SQLITE_OK!=(rc = read32bits(pJrnl, szJ-12, &cksum))
    || SQLITE_OK!=(rc = sqlite3OsRead(pJrnl, aMagic, 8, szJ-8))
    || memcmp(aMagic, aJournalMagic, 8)
@@ -1335,13 +1335,13 @@ static int readSuperJournal(sqlite3_file *pJrnl, char *zSuper, u32 nSuper){
   }
   zSuper[len] = '\0';
   zSuper[len+1] = '\0';
-   
+  
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
 /*
-** Return the offset of the sector boundary at or immediately 
-** following the value in pPager->journalOff, assuming a sector 
+** Return the offset of the sector boundary at or immediately
+** following the value in pPager->journalOff, assuming a sector
 ** size of pPager->sectorSize bytes.
 **
 ** i.e for a sector size of 512:
@@ -1352,7 +1352,7 @@ static int readSuperJournal(sqlite3_file *pJrnl, char *zSuper, u32 nSuper){
 **   512                       512
 **   100                       512
 **   2000                      2048
-** 
+**
 */
 static i64 journalHdrOffset(Pager *pPager){
   i64 offset = 0;
@@ -1374,12 +1374,12 @@ static i64 journalHdrOffset(Pager *pPager){
 **
 ** If doTruncate is non-zero or the Pager.journalSizeLimit variable is
 ** set to 0, then truncate the journal file to zero bytes in size. Otherwise,
-** zero the 28-byte header at the start of the journal file. In either case, 
-** if the pager is not in no-sync mode, sync the journal file immediately 
+** zero the 28-byte header at the start of the journal file. In either case,
+** if the pager is not in no-sync mode, sync the journal file immediately
 ** after writing or truncating it.
 **
 ** If Pager.journalSizeLimit is set to a positive, non-zero value, and
-** following the truncation or zeroing described above the size of the 
+** following the truncation or zeroing described above the size of the
 ** journal file in bytes is larger than this value, then truncate the
 ** journal file to Pager.journalSizeLimit bytes. The journal file does
 ** not need to be synced following this operation.
@@ -1405,8 +1405,8 @@ static int zeroJournalHdr(Pager *pPager, int doTruncate){
       rc = sqlite3OsSync(pPager->jfd, SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY|pPager->syncFlags);
     }
 
-    /* At this point the transaction is committed but the write lock 
-    ** is still held on the file. If there is a size limit configured for 
+    /* At this point the transaction is committed but the write lock
+    ** is still held on the file. If there is a size limit configured for
     ** the persistent journal and the journal file currently consumes more
     ** space than that limit allows for, truncate it now. There is no need
     ** to sync the file following this operation.
@@ -1434,7 +1434,7 @@ static int zeroJournalHdr(Pager *pPager, int doTruncate){
 ** - 4 bytes: Initial database page count.
 ** - 4 bytes: Sector size used by the process that wrote this journal.
 ** - 4 bytes: Database page size.
-** 
+**
 ** Followed by (JOURNAL_HDR_SZ - 28) bytes of unused space.
 */
 static int writeJournalHdr(Pager *pPager){
@@ -1450,8 +1450,8 @@ static int writeJournalHdr(Pager *pPager){
     nHeader = JOURNAL_HDR_SZ(pPager);
   }
 
-  /* If there are active savepoints and any of them were created 
-  ** since the most recent journal header was written, update the 
+  /* If there are active savepoints and any of them were created
+  ** since the most recent journal header was written, update the
   ** PagerSavepoint.iHdrOffset fields now.
   */
   for(ii=0; ii<pPager->nSavepoint; ii++){
@@ -1462,10 +1462,10 @@ static int writeJournalHdr(Pager *pPager){
 
   pPager->journalHdr = pPager->journalOff = journalHdrOffset(pPager);
 
-  /* 
+  /*
   ** Write the nRec Field - the number of page records that follow this
   ** journal header. Normally, zero is written to this value at this time.
-  ** After the records are added to the journal (and the journal synced, 
+  ** After the records are added to the journal (and the journal synced,
   ** if in full-sync mode), the zero is overwritten with the true number
   ** of records (see syncJournal()).
   **
@@ -1484,7 +1484,7 @@ static int writeJournalHdr(Pager *pPager){
   */
   assert( isOpen(pPager->fd) || pPager->noSync );
   if( pPager->noSync || (pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY)
-   || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd)&SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND) 
+   || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd)&SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND)
   ){
     memcpy(zHeader, aJournalMagic, sizeof(aJournalMagic));
     put32bits(&zHeader[sizeof(aJournalMagic)], 0xffffffff);
@@ -1492,9 +1492,32 @@ static int writeJournalHdr(Pager *pPager){
     memset(zHeader, 0, sizeof(aJournalMagic)+4);
   }
 
-  /* The random check-hash initializer */ 
-  sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(pPager->cksumInit), &pPager->cksumInit);
+
+
+  /* The random check-hash initializer */
+  if( pPager->journalMode!=PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY ){
+    sqlite3_randomness(sizeof(pPager->cksumInit), &pPager->cksumInit);
+  }
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  else{
+    /* The Pager.cksumInit variable is usually randomized above to protect
+    ** against there being existing records in the journal file. This is
+    ** dangerous, as following a crash they may be mistaken for records
+    ** written by the current transaction and rolled back into the database
+    ** file, causing corruption. The following assert statements verify
+    ** that this is not required in "journal_mode=memory" mode, as in that
+    ** case the journal file is always 0 bytes in size at this point. 
+    ** It is advantageous to avoid the sqlite3_randomness() call if possible 
+    ** as it takes the global PRNG mutex.  */
+    i64 sz = 0;
+    sqlite3OsFileSize(pPager->jfd, &sz);
+    assert( sz==0 );
+    assert( pPager->journalOff==journalHdrOffset(pPager) );
+    assert( sqlite3JournalIsInMemory(pPager->jfd) );
+  }
+#endif
   put32bits(&zHeader[sizeof(aJournalMagic)+4], pPager->cksumInit);
+
   /* The initial database size */
   put32bits(&zHeader[sizeof(aJournalMagic)+8], pPager->dbOrigSize);
   /* The assumed sector size for this process */
@@ -1511,23 +1534,23 @@ static int writeJournalHdr(Pager *pPager){
   memset(&zHeader[sizeof(aJournalMagic)+20], 0,
          nHeader-(sizeof(aJournalMagic)+20));
 
-  /* In theory, it is only necessary to write the 28 bytes that the 
-  ** journal header consumes to the journal file here. Then increment the 
-  ** Pager.journalOff variable by JOURNAL_HDR_SZ so that the next 
+  /* In theory, it is only necessary to write the 28 bytes that the
+  ** journal header consumes to the journal file here. Then increment the
+  ** Pager.journalOff variable by JOURNAL_HDR_SZ so that the next
   ** record is written to the following sector (leaving a gap in the file
   ** that will be implicitly filled in by the OS).
   **
-  ** However it has been discovered that on some systems this pattern can 
+  ** However it has been discovered that on some systems this pattern can
   ** be significantly slower than contiguously writing data to the file,
-  ** even if that means explicitly writing data to the block of 
+  ** even if that means explicitly writing data to the block of
   ** (JOURNAL_HDR_SZ - 28) bytes that will not be used. So that is what
-  ** is done. 
+  ** is done.
   **
-  ** The loop is required here in case the sector-size is larger than the 
+  ** The loop is required here in case the sector-size is larger than the
   ** database page size. Since the zHeader buffer is only Pager.pageSize
   ** bytes in size, more than one call to sqlite3OsWrite() may be required
   ** to populate the entire journal header sector.
-  */ 
+  */
   for(nWrite=0; rc==SQLITE_OK&&nWrite<JOURNAL_HDR_SZ(pPager); nWrite+=nHeader){
     IOTRACE(("JHDR %p %lld %d\n", pPager, pPager->journalHdr, nHeader))
     rc = sqlite3OsWrite(pPager->jfd, zHeader, nHeader, pPager->journalOff);
@@ -1625,29 +1648,29 @@ static int readJournalHdr(
 
     /* Check that the values read from the page-size and sector-size fields
     ** are within range. To be 'in range', both values need to be a power
-    ** of two greater than or equal to 512 or 32, and not greater than their 
+    ** of two greater than or equal to 512 or 32, and not greater than their
     ** respective compile time maximum limits.
     */
     if( iPageSize<512                  || iSectorSize<32
      || iPageSize>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE || iSectorSize>MAX_SECTOR_SIZE
-     || ((iPageSize-1)&iPageSize)!=0   || ((iSectorSize-1)&iSectorSize)!=0 
+     || ((iPageSize-1)&iPageSize)!=0   || ((iSectorSize-1)&iSectorSize)!=0
     ){
-      /* If the either the page-size or sector-size in the journal-header is 
-      ** invalid, then the process that wrote the journal-header must have 
-      ** crashed before the header was synced. In this case stop reading 
+      /* If the either the page-size or sector-size in the journal-header is
+      ** invalid, then the process that wrote the journal-header must have
+      ** crashed before the header was synced. In this case stop reading
       ** the journal file here.
       */
       return SQLITE_DONE;
     }
 
-    /* Update the page-size to match the value read from the journal. 
-    ** Use a testcase() macro to make sure that malloc failure within 
+    /* Update the page-size to match the value read from the journal.
+    ** Use a testcase() macro to make sure that malloc failure within
     ** PagerSetPagesize() is tested.
     */
     rc = sqlite3PagerSetPagesize(pPager, &iPageSize, -1);
     testcase( rc!=SQLITE_OK );
 
-    /* Update the assumed sector-size to match the value used by 
+    /* Update the assumed sector-size to match the value used by
     ** the process that created this journal. If this journal was
     ** created by a process other than this one, then this routine
     ** is being called from within pager_playback(). The local value
@@ -1674,10 +1697,10 @@ static int readJournalHdr(
 **   + 4 bytes: super-journal name checksum.
 **   + 8 bytes: aJournalMagic[].
 **
-** The super-journal page checksum is the sum of the bytes in thesuper-journal
+** The super-journal page checksum is the sum of the bytes in the super-journal
 ** name, where each byte is interpreted as a signed 8-bit integer.
 **
-** If zSuper is a NULL pointer (occurs for a single database transaction), 
+** If zSuper is a NULL pointer (occurs for a single database transaction),
 ** this call is a no-op.
 */
 static int writeSuperJournal(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
@@ -1690,8 +1713,8 @@ static int writeSuperJournal(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
   assert( pPager->setSuper==0 );
   assert( !pagerUseWal(pPager) );
 
-  if( !zSuper 
-   || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY 
+  if( !zSuper
+   || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY
    || !isOpen(pPager->jfd)
   ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -1727,16 +1750,16 @@ static int writeSuperJournal(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
   }
   pPager->journalOff += (nSuper+20);
 
-  /* If the pager is in peristent-journal mode, then the physical 
+  /* If the pager is in persistent-journal mode, then the physical
   ** journal-file may extend past the end of the super-journal name
-  ** and 8 bytes of magic data just written to the file. This is 
+  ** and 8 bytes of magic data just written to the file. This is
   ** dangerous because the code to rollback a hot-journal file
-  ** will not be able to find the super-journal name to determine 
-  ** whether or not the journal is hot. 
+  ** will not be able to find the super-journal name to determine
+  ** whether or not the journal is hot.
   **
-  ** Easiest thing to do in this scenario is to truncate the journal 
+  ** Easiest thing to do in this scenario is to truncate the journal
   ** file to the required size.
-  */ 
+  */
   if( SQLITE_OK==(rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pPager->jfd, &jrnlSize))
    && jrnlSize>pPager->journalOff
   ){
@@ -1781,7 +1804,7 @@ static void releaseAllSavepoints(Pager *pPager){
 }
 
 /*
-** Set the bit number pgno in the PagerSavepoint.pInSavepoint 
+** Set the bit number pgno in the PagerSavepoint.pInSavepoint
 ** bitvecs of all open savepoints. Return SQLITE_OK if successful
 ** or SQLITE_NOMEM if a malloc failure occurs.
 */
@@ -1810,8 +1833,8 @@ static int addToSavepointBitvecs(Pager *pPager, Pgno pgno){
 ** not exhibit the UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN property, the journal file is
 ** closed (if it is open).
 **
-** If the pager is in ERROR state when this function is called, the 
-** contents of the pager cache are discarded before switching back to 
+** If the pager is in ERROR state when this function is called, the
+** contents of the pager cache are discarded before switching back to
 ** the OPEN state. Regardless of whether the pager is in exclusive-mode
 ** or not, any journal file left in the file-system will be treated
 ** as a hot-journal and rolled back the next time a read-transaction
@@ -1819,9 +1842,9 @@ static int addToSavepointBitvecs(Pager *pPager, Pgno pgno){
 */
 static void pager_unlock(Pager *pPager){
 
-  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER 
-       || pPager->eState==PAGER_OPEN 
-       || pPager->eState==PAGER_ERROR 
+  assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER
+       || pPager->eState==PAGER_OPEN
+       || pPager->eState==PAGER_ERROR
   );
 
   sqlite3BitvecDestroy(pPager->pInJournal);
@@ -1897,18 +1920,18 @@ static void pager_unlock(Pager *pPager){
 
 /*
 ** This function is called whenever an IOERR or FULL error that requires
-** the pager to transition into the ERROR state may ahve occurred.
-** The first argument is a pointer to the pager structure, the second 
-** the error-code about to be returned by a pager API function. The 
-** value returned is a copy of the second argument to this function. 
+** the pager to transition into the ERROR state may have occurred.
+** The first argument is a pointer to the pager structure, the second
+** the error-code about to be returned by a pager API function. The
+** value returned is a copy of the second argument to this function.
 **
 ** If the second argument is SQLITE_FULL, SQLITE_IOERR or one of the
 ** IOERR sub-codes, the pager enters the ERROR state and the error code
 ** is stored in Pager.errCode. While the pager remains in the ERROR state,
 ** all major API calls on the Pager will immediately return Pager.errCode.
 **
-** The ERROR state indicates that the contents of the pager-cache 
-** cannot be trusted. This state can be cleared by completely discarding 
+** The ERROR state indicates that the contents of the pager-cache
+** cannot be trusted. This state can be cleared by completely discarding
 ** the contents of the pager-cache. If a transaction was active when
 ** the persistent error occurred, then the rollback journal may need
 ** to be replayed to restore the contents of the database file (as if
@@ -1956,27 +1979,27 @@ static int pagerFlushOnCommit(Pager *pPager, int bCommit){
 }
 
 /*
-** This routine ends a transaction. A transaction is usually ended by 
-** either a COMMIT or a ROLLBACK operation. This routine may be called 
+** This routine ends a transaction. A transaction is usually ended by
+** either a COMMIT or a ROLLBACK operation. This routine may be called
 ** after rollback of a hot-journal, or if an error occurs while opening
 ** the journal file or writing the very first journal-header of a
 ** database transaction.
-** 
+**
 ** This routine is never called in PAGER_ERROR state. If it is called
 ** in PAGER_NONE or PAGER_SHARED state and the lock held is less
 ** exclusive than a RESERVED lock, it is a no-op.
 **
 ** Otherwise, any active savepoints are released.
 **
-** If the journal file is open, then it is "finalized". Once a journal 
-** file has been finalized it is not possible to use it to roll back a 
+** If the journal file is open, then it is "finalized". Once a journal
+** file has been finalized it is not possible to use it to roll back a
 ** transaction. Nor will it be considered to be a hot-journal by this
 ** or any other database connection. Exactly how a journal is finalized
 ** depends on whether or not the pager is running in exclusive mode and
 ** the current journal-mode (Pager.journalMode value), as follows:
 **
 **   journalMode==MEMORY
-**     Journal file descriptor is simply closed. This destroys an 
+**     Journal file descriptor is simply closed. This destroys an
 **     in-memory journal.
 **
 **   journalMode==TRUNCATE
@@ -1996,12 +2019,12 @@ static int pagerFlushOnCommit(Pager *pPager, int bCommit){
 **     journalMode==PERSIST is used instead.
 **
 ** After the journal is finalized, the pager moves to PAGER_READER state.
-** If running in non-exclusive rollback mode, the lock on the file is 
+** If running in non-exclusive rollback mode, the lock on the file is
 ** downgraded to a SHARED_LOCK.
 **
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if no error occurs. If an error occurs during
 ** any of the IO operations to finalize the journal file or unlock the
-** database then the IO error code is returned to the user. If the 
+** database then the IO error code is returned to the user. If the
 ** operation to finalize the journal file fails, then the code still
 ** tries to unlock the database file if not in exclusive mode. If the
 ** unlock operation fails as well, then the first error code related
@@ -2020,9 +2043,9 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
   **   1. After a successful hot-journal rollback, it is called with
   **      eState==PAGER_NONE and eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK.
   **
-  **   2. If a connection with locking_mode=exclusive holding an EXCLUSIVE 
+  **   2. If a connection with locking_mode=exclusive holding an EXCLUSIVE
   **      lock switches back to locking_mode=normal and then executes a
-  **      read-transaction, this function is called with eState==PAGER_READER 
+  **      read-transaction, this function is called with eState==PAGER_READER
   **      and eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK when the read-transaction is closed.
   */
   assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
@@ -2032,7 +2055,7 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
   }
 
   releaseAllSavepoints(pPager);
-  assert( isOpen(pPager->jfd) || pPager->pInJournal==0 
+  assert( isOpen(pPager->jfd) || pPager->pInJournal==0
       || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd)&SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC)
   );
   if( isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){
@@ -2070,9 +2093,9 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
       */
       int bDelete = !pPager->tempFile;
       assert( sqlite3JournalIsInMemory(pPager->jfd)==0 );
-      assert( pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE 
-           || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY 
-           || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
+      assert( pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE
+           || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY
+           || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
       );
       sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
       if( bDelete ){
@@ -2105,8 +2128,8 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
   }
 
   if( pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
-    /* Drop the WAL write-lock, if any. Also, if the connection was in 
-    ** locking_mode=exclusive mode but is no longer, drop the EXCLUSIVE 
+    /* Drop the WAL write-lock, if any. Also, if the connection was in
+    ** locking_mode=exclusive mode but is no longer, drop the EXCLUSIVE
     ** lock held on the database file.
     */
     rc2 = sqlite3WalEndWriteTransaction(pPager->pWal);
@@ -2114,7 +2137,7 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
   }else if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bCommit && pPager->dbFileSize>pPager->dbSize ){
     /* This branch is taken when committing a transaction in rollback-journal
     ** mode if the database file on disk is larger than the database image.
-    ** At this point the journal has been finalized and the transaction 
+    ** At this point the journal has been finalized and the transaction
     ** successfully committed, but the EXCLUSIVE lock is still held on the
     ** file. So it is safe to truncate the database file to its minimum
     ** required size.  */
@@ -2127,7 +2150,7 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
     if( rc==SQLITE_NOTFOUND ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
   }
 
-  if( !pPager->exclusiveMode 
+  if( !pPager->exclusiveMode
    && (!pagerUseWal(pPager) || sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(pPager->pWal, 0))
   ){
     rc2 = pagerUnlockDb(pPager, SHARED_LOCK);
@@ -2138,20 +2161,23 @@ static int pager_end_transaction(Pager *pPager, int hasSuper, int bCommit){
   return (rc==SQLITE_OK?rc2:rc);
 }
 
+/* Forward reference */
+static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot);
+
 /*
-** Execute a rollback if a transaction is active and unlock the 
-** database file. 
+** Execute a rollback if a transaction is active and unlock the
+** database file.
 **
-** If the pager has already entered the ERROR state, do not attempt 
+** If the pager has already entered the ERROR state, do not attempt
 ** the rollback at this time. Instead, pager_unlock() is called. The
 ** call to pager_unlock() will discard all in-memory pages, unlock
-** the database file and move the pager back to OPEN state. If this 
-** means that there is a hot-journal left in the file-system, the next 
-** connection to obtain a shared lock on the pager (which may be this one) 
+** the database file and move the pager back to OPEN state. If this
+** means that there is a hot-journal left in the file-system, the next
+** connection to obtain a shared lock on the pager (which may be this one)
 ** will roll it back.
 **
 ** If the pager has not already entered the ERROR state, but an IO or
-** malloc error occurs during a rollback, then this will itself cause 
+** malloc error occurs during a rollback, then this will itself cause
 ** the pager to enter the ERROR state. Which will be cleared by the
 ** call to pager_unlock(), as described above.
 */
@@ -2166,16 +2192,31 @@ static void pagerUnlockAndRollback(Pager *pPager){
       assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER );
       pager_end_transaction(pPager, 0, 0);
     }
+  }else if( pPager->eState==PAGER_ERROR
+         && pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY
+         && isOpen(pPager->jfd)
+  ){
+    /* Special case for a ROLLBACK due to I/O error with an in-memory
+    ** journal:  We have to rollback immediately, before the journal is
+    ** closed, because once it is closed, all content is forgotten. */
+    int errCode = pPager->errCode;
+    u8 eLock = pPager->eLock;
+    pPager->eState = PAGER_OPEN;
+    pPager->errCode = SQLITE_OK;
+    pPager->eLock = EXCLUSIVE_LOCK;
+    pager_playback(pPager, 1);
+    pPager->errCode = errCode;
+    pPager->eLock = eLock;
   }
   pager_unlock(pPager);
 }
 
 /*
 ** Parameter aData must point to a buffer of pPager->pageSize bytes
-** of data. Compute and return a checksum based ont the contents of the 
+** of data. Compute and return a checksum based on the contents of the
 ** page of data and the current value of pPager->cksumInit.
 **
-** This is not a real checksum. It is really just the sum of the 
+** This is not a real checksum. It is really just the sum of the
 ** random initial value (pPager->cksumInit) and every 200th byte
 ** of the page data, starting with byte offset (pPager->pageSize%200).
 ** Each byte is interpreted as an 8-bit unsigned integer.
@@ -2183,8 +2224,8 @@ static void pagerUnlockAndRollback(Pager *pPager){
 ** Changing the formula used to compute this checksum results in an
 ** incompatible journal file format.
 **
-** If journal corruption occurs due to a power failure, the most likely 
-** scenario is that one end or the other of the record will be changed. 
+** If journal corruption occurs due to a power failure, the most likely
+** scenario is that one end or the other of the record will be changed.
 ** It is much less likely that the two ends of the journal record will be
 ** correct and the middle be corrupt.  Thus, this "checksum" scheme,
 ** though fast and simple, catches the mostly likely kind of corruption.
@@ -2205,7 +2246,7 @@ static u32 pager_cksum(Pager *pPager, const u8 *aData){
 ** The page begins at offset *pOffset into the file. The *pOffset
 ** value is increased to the start of the next page in the journal.
 **
-** The main rollback journal uses checksums - the statement journal does 
+** The main rollback journal uses checksums - the statement journal does
 ** not.
 **
 ** If the page number of the page record read from the (sub-)journal file
@@ -2225,7 +2266,7 @@ static u32 pager_cksum(Pager *pPager, const u8 *aData){
 ** is successfully read from the (sub-)journal file but appears to be
 ** corrupted, SQLITE_DONE is returned. Data is considered corrupted in
 ** two circumstances:
-** 
+**
 **   * If the record page-number is illegal (0 or PAGER_SJ_PGNO), or
 **   * If the record is being rolled back from the main journal file
 **     and the checksum field does not match the record content.
@@ -2260,7 +2301,7 @@ static int pager_playback_one_page(
   assert( aData );         /* Temp storage must have already been allocated */
   assert( pagerUseWal(pPager)==0 || (!isMainJrnl && isSavepnt) );
 
-  /* Either the state is greater than PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD (a transaction 
+  /* Either the state is greater than PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD (a transaction
   ** or savepoint rollback done at the request of the caller) or this is
   ** a hot-journal rollback. If it is a hot-journal rollback, the pager
   ** is in state OPEN and holds an EXCLUSIVE lock. Hot-journal rollback
@@ -2326,7 +2367,7 @@ static int pager_playback_one_page(
   ** assert()able.
   **
   ** If in WRITER_DBMOD, WRITER_FINISHED or OPEN state, then we update the
-  ** pager cache if it exists and the main file. The page is then marked 
+  ** pager cache if it exists and the main file. The page is then marked
   ** not dirty. Since this code is only executed in PAGER_OPEN state for
   ** a hot-journal rollback, it is guaranteed that the page-cache is empty
   ** if the pager is in OPEN state.
@@ -2390,18 +2431,18 @@ static int pager_playback_one_page(
   }else if( !isMainJrnl && pPg==0 ){
     /* If this is a rollback of a savepoint and data was not written to
     ** the database and the page is not in-memory, there is a potential
-    ** problem. When the page is next fetched by the b-tree layer, it 
-    ** will be read from the database file, which may or may not be 
-    ** current. 
+    ** problem. When the page is next fetched by the b-tree layer, it
+    ** will be read from the database file, which may or may not be
+    ** current.
     **
     ** There are a couple of different ways this can happen. All are quite
-    ** obscure. When running in synchronous mode, this can only happen 
+    ** obscure. When running in synchronous mode, this can only happen
     ** if the page is on the free-list at the start of the transaction, then
     ** populated, then moved using sqlite3PagerMovepage().
     **
     ** The solution is to add an in-memory page to the cache containing
-    ** the data just read from the sub-journal. Mark the page as dirty 
-    ** and if the pager requires a journal-sync, then mark the page as 
+    ** the data just read from the sub-journal. Mark the page as dirty
+    ** and if the pager requires a journal-sync, then mark the page as
     ** requiring a journal-sync before it is written.
     */
     assert( isSavepnt );
@@ -2446,26 +2487,26 @@ static int pager_playback_one_page(
 ** This routine checks if it is possible to delete the super-journal file,
 ** and does so if it is.
 **
-** Argument zSuper may point to Pager.pTmpSpace. So that buffer is not 
+** Argument zSuper may point to Pager.pTmpSpace. So that buffer is not
 ** available for use within this function.
 **
-** When a super-journal file is created, it is populated with the names 
-** of all of its child journals, one after another, formatted as utf-8 
-** encoded text. The end of each child journal file is marked with a 
+** When a super-journal file is created, it is populated with the names
+** of all of its child journals, one after another, formatted as utf-8
+** encoded text. The end of each child journal file is marked with a
 ** nul-terminator byte (0x00). i.e. the entire contents of a super-journal
 ** file for a transaction involving two databases might be:
 **
 **   "/home/bill/a.db-journal\x00/home/bill/b.db-journal\x00"
 **
-** A super-journal file may only be deleted once all of its child 
+** A super-journal file may only be deleted once all of its child
 ** journals have been rolled back.
 **
-** This function reads the contents of the super-journal file into 
+** This function reads the contents of the super-journal file into
 ** memory and loops through each of the child journal names. For
 ** each child journal, it checks if:
 **
 **   * if the child journal exists, and if so
-**   * if the child journal contains a reference to super-journal 
+**   * if the child journal contains a reference to super-journal
 **     file zSuper
 **
 ** If a child journal can be found that matches both of the criteria
@@ -2475,12 +2516,12 @@ static int pager_playback_one_page(
 **
 ** If an IO error within this function, an error code is returned. This
 ** function allocates memory by calling sqlite3Malloc(). If an allocation
-** fails, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. Otherwise, if no IO or malloc errors 
+** fails, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. Otherwise, if no IO or malloc errors
 ** occur, SQLITE_OK is returned.
 **
 ** TODO: This function allocates a single block of memory to load
 ** the entire contents of the super-journal file. This could be
-** a couple of kilobytes or so - potentially larger than the page 
+** a couple of kilobytes or so - potentially larger than the page
 ** size.
 */
 static int pager_delsuper(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
@@ -2541,7 +2582,7 @@ static int pager_delsuper(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
       /* One of the journals pointed to by the super-journal exists.
       ** Open it and check if it points at the super-journal. If
       ** so, return without deleting the super-journal file.
-      ** NB:  zJournal is really a MAIN_JOURNAL.  But call it a 
+      ** NB:  zJournal is really a MAIN_JOURNAL.  But call it a
       ** SUPER_JOURNAL here so that the VFS will not send the zJournal
       ** name into sqlite3_database_file_object().
       */
@@ -2566,7 +2607,7 @@ static int pager_delsuper(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
     }
     zJournal += (sqlite3Strlen30(zJournal)+1);
   }
- 
+
   sqlite3OsClose(pSuper);
   rc = sqlite3OsDelete(pVfs, zSuper, 0);
 
@@ -2582,20 +2623,20 @@ static int pager_delsuper(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
 
 
 /*
-** This function is used to change the actual size of the database 
+** This function is used to change the actual size of the database
 ** file in the file-system. This only happens when committing a transaction,
 ** or rolling back a transaction (including rolling back a hot-journal).
 **
 ** If the main database file is not open, or the pager is not in either
-** DBMOD or OPEN state, this function is a no-op. Otherwise, the size 
-** of the file is changed to nPage pages (nPage*pPager->pageSize bytes). 
+** DBMOD or OPEN state, this function is a no-op. Otherwise, the size
+** of the file is changed to nPage pages (nPage*pPager->pageSize bytes).
 ** If the file on disk is currently larger than nPage pages, then use the VFS
 ** xTruncate() method to truncate it.
 **
-** Or, it might be the case that the file on disk is smaller than 
-** nPage pages. Some operating system implementations can get confused if 
-** you try to truncate a file to some size that is larger than it 
-** currently is, so detect this case and write a single zero byte to 
+** Or, it might be the case that the file on disk is smaller than
+** nPage pages. Some operating system implementations can get confused if
+** you try to truncate a file to some size that is larger than it
+** currently is, so detect this case and write a single zero byte to
 ** the end of the new file instead.
 **
 ** If successful, return SQLITE_OK. If an IO error occurs while modifying
@@ -2607,9 +2648,9 @@ static int pager_truncate(Pager *pPager, Pgno nPage){
   assert( pPager->eState!=PAGER_READER );
   PAGERTRACE(("Truncate %d npage %u\n", PAGERID(pPager), nPage));
 
-  
-  if( isOpen(pPager->fd) 
-   && (pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD || pPager->eState==PAGER_OPEN) 
+ 
+  if( isOpen(pPager->fd)
+   && (pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD || pPager->eState==PAGER_OPEN)
   ){
     i64 currentSize, newSize;
     int szPage = pPager->pageSize;
@@ -2654,8 +2695,8 @@ int sqlite3SectorSize(sqlite3_file *pFile){
 /*
 ** Set the value of the Pager.sectorSize variable for the given
 ** pager based on the value returned by the xSectorSize method
-** of the open database file. The sector size will be used 
-** to determine the size and alignment of journal header and 
+** of the open database file. The sector size will be used
+** to determine the size and alignment of journal header and
 ** super-journal pointers within created journal files.
 **
 ** For temporary files the effective sector size is always 512 bytes.
@@ -2678,7 +2719,7 @@ static void setSectorSize(Pager *pPager){
   assert( isOpen(pPager->fd) || pPager->tempFile );
 
   if( pPager->tempFile
-   || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd) & 
+   || (sqlite3OsDeviceCharacteristics(pPager->fd) &
               SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE)!=0
   ){
     /* Sector size doesn't matter for temporary files. Also, the file
@@ -2692,15 +2733,15 @@ static void setSectorSize(Pager *pPager){
 
 /*
 ** Playback the journal and thus restore the database file to
-** the state it was in before we started making changes.  
+** the state it was in before we started making changes. 
 **
-** The journal file format is as follows: 
+** The journal file format is as follows:
 **
 **  (1)  8 byte prefix.  A copy of aJournalMagic[].
 **  (2)  4 byte big-endian integer which is the number of valid page records
 **       in the journal.  If this value is 0xffffffff, then compute the
 **       number of page records from the journal size.
-**  (3)  4 byte big-endian integer which is the initial value for the 
+**  (3)  4 byte big-endian integer which is the initial value for the
 **       sanity checksum.
 **  (4)  4 byte integer which is the number of pages to truncate the
 **       database to during a rollback.
@@ -2729,7 +2770,7 @@ static void setSectorSize(Pager *pPager){
 ** from the file size.  This value is used when the user selects the
 ** no-sync option for the journal.  A power failure could lead to corruption
 ** in this case.  But for things like temporary table (which will be
-** deleted when the power is restored) we don't care.  
+** deleted when the power is restored) we don't care. 
 **
 ** If the file opened as the journal file is not a well-formed
 ** journal file then all pages up to the first corrupted page are rolled
@@ -2741,7 +2782,7 @@ static void setSectorSize(Pager *pPager){
 ** and an error code is returned.
 **
 ** The isHot parameter indicates that we are trying to rollback a journal
-** that might be a hot journal.  Or, it could be that the journal is 
+** that might be a hot journal.  Or, it could be that the journal is
 ** preserved because of JOURNALMODE_PERSIST or JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE.
 ** If the journal really is hot, reset the pager cache prior rolling
 ** back any content.  If the journal is merely persistent, no reset is
@@ -2792,9 +2833,9 @@ static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot){
   pPager->journalOff = 0;
   needPagerReset = isHot;
 
-  /* This loop terminates either when a readJournalHdr() or 
-  ** pager_playback_one_page() call returns SQLITE_DONE or an IO error 
-  ** occurs. 
+  /* This loop terminates either when a readJournalHdr() or
+  ** pager_playback_one_page() call returns SQLITE_DONE or an IO error
+  ** occurs.
   */
   while( 1 ){
     /* Read the next journal header from the journal file.  If there are
@@ -2803,7 +2844,7 @@ static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot){
     ** This indicates nothing more needs to be rolled back.
     */
     rc = readJournalHdr(pPager, isHot, szJ, &nRec, &mxPg);
-    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){ 
+    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
       if( rc==SQLITE_DONE ){
         rc = SQLITE_OK;
       }
@@ -2831,7 +2872,7 @@ static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot){
     ** chunk of the journal contains zero pages to be rolled back.  But
     ** when doing a ROLLBACK and the nRec==0 chunk is the last chunk in
     ** the journal, it means that the journal might contain additional
-    ** pages that need to be rolled back and that the number of pages 
+    ** pages that need to be rolled back and that the number of pages
     ** should be computed based on the journal file size.
     */
     if( nRec==0 && !isHot &&
@@ -2853,7 +2894,7 @@ static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot){
       }
     }
 
-    /* Copy original pages out of the journal and back into the 
+    /* Copy original pages out of the journal and back into the
     ** database file and/or page cache.
     */
     for(u=0; u<nRec; u++){
@@ -2903,10 +2944,10 @@ static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot){
   sqlite3OsFileControlHint(pPager->fd,SQLITE_FCNTL_DB_UNCHANGED,0);
 #endif
 
-  /* If this playback is happening automatically as a result of an IO or 
-  ** malloc error that occurred after the change-counter was updated but 
-  ** before the transaction was committed, then the change-counter 
-  ** modification may just have been reverted. If this happens in exclusive 
+  /* If this playback is happening automatically as a result of an IO or
+  ** malloc error that occurred after the change-counter was updated but
+  ** before the transaction was committed, then the change-counter
+  ** modification may just have been reverted. If this happens in exclusive
   ** mode, then subsequent transactions performed by the connection will not
   ** update the change-counter at all. This may lead to cache inconsistency
   ** problems for other processes at some point in the future. So, just
@@ -2957,7 +2998,7 @@ static int pager_playback(Pager *pPager, int isHot){
 
 /*
 ** Read the content for page pPg out of the database file (or out of
-** the WAL if that is where the most recent copy if found) into 
+** the WAL if that is where the most recent copy if found) into
 ** pPg->pData. A shared lock or greater must be held on the database
 ** file before this function is called.
 **
@@ -3047,15 +3088,15 @@ static void pager_write_changecounter(PgHdr *pPg){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
 /*
-** This function is invoked once for each page that has already been 
+** This function is invoked once for each page that has already been
 ** written into the log file when a WAL transaction is rolled back.
-** Parameter iPg is the page number of said page. The pCtx argument 
+** Parameter iPg is the page number of said page. The pCtx argument
 ** is actually a pointer to the Pager structure.
 **
 ** If page iPg is present in the cache, and has no outstanding references,
 ** it is discarded. Otherwise, if there are one or more outstanding
 ** references, the page content is reloaded from the database. If the
-** attempt to reload content from the database is required and fails, 
+** attempt to reload content from the database is required and fails,
 ** return an SQLite error code. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
 */
 static int pagerUndoCallback(void *pCtx, Pgno iPg){
@@ -3081,7 +3122,7 @@ static int pagerUndoCallback(void *pCtx, Pgno iPg){
   ** updated as data is copied out of the rollback journal and into the
   ** database. This is not generally possible with a WAL database, as
   ** rollback involves simply truncating the log file. Therefore, if one
-  ** or more frames have already been written to the log (and therefore 
+  ** or more frames have already been written to the log (and therefore
   ** also copied into the backup databases) as part of this transaction,
   ** the backups must be restarted.
   */
@@ -3098,7 +3139,7 @@ static int pagerRollbackWal(Pager *pPager){
   PgHdr *pList;                   /* List of dirty pages to revert */
 
   /* For all pages in the cache that are currently dirty or have already
-  ** been written (but not committed) to the log file, do one of the 
+  ** been written (but not committed) to the log file, do one of the
   ** following:
   **
   **   + Discard the cached page (if refcount==0), or
@@ -3120,11 +3161,11 @@ static int pagerRollbackWal(Pager *pPager){
 ** This function is a wrapper around sqlite3WalFrames(). As well as logging
 ** the contents of the list of pages headed by pList (connected by pDirty),
 ** this function notifies any active backup processes that the pages have
-** changed. 
+** changed.
 **
 ** The list of pages passed into this routine is always sorted by page number.
 ** Hence, if page 1 appears anywhere on the list, it will be the first page.
-*/ 
+*/
 static int pagerWalFrames(
   Pager *pPager,                  /* Pager object */
   PgHdr *pList,                   /* List of frames to log */
@@ -3138,7 +3179,7 @@ static int pagerWalFrames(
   assert( pPager->pWal );
   assert( pList );
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-  /* Verify that the page list is in accending order */
+  /* Verify that the page list is in ascending order */
   for(p=pList; p && p->pDirty; p=p->pDirty){
     assert( p->pgno < p->pDirty->pgno );
   }
@@ -3165,7 +3206,7 @@ static int pagerWalFrames(
   pPager->aStat[PAGER_STAT_WRITE] += nList;
 
   if( pList->pgno==1 ) pager_write_changecounter(pList);
-  rc = sqlite3WalFrames(pPager->pWal, 
+  rc = sqlite3WalFrames(pPager->pWal,
       pPager->pageSize, pList, nTruncate, isCommit, pPager->walSyncFlags
   );
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pPager->pBackup ){
@@ -3269,7 +3310,7 @@ static int pagerPagecount(Pager *pPager, Pgno *pnPage){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
 /*
 ** Check if the *-wal file that corresponds to the database opened by pPager
-** exists if the database is not empy, or verify that the *-wal file does
+** exists if the database is not empty, or verify that the *-wal file does
 ** not exist (by deleting it) if the database file is empty.
 **
 ** If the database is not empty and the *-wal file exists, open the pager
@@ -3280,9 +3321,9 @@ static int pagerPagecount(Pager *pPager, Pgno *pnPage){
 ** Return SQLITE_OK or an error code.
 **
 ** The caller must hold a SHARED lock on the database file to call this
-** function. Because an EXCLUSIVE lock on the db file is required to delete 
-** a WAL on a none-empty database, this ensures there is no race condition 
-** between the xAccess() below and an xDelete() being executed by some 
+** function. Because an EXCLUSIVE lock on the db file is required to delete
+** a WAL on a none-empty database, this ensures there is no race condition
+** between the xAccess() below and an xDelete() being executed by some
 ** other connection.
 */
 static int pagerOpenWalIfPresent(Pager *pPager){
@@ -3318,21 +3359,21 @@ static int pagerOpenWalIfPresent(Pager *pPager){
 
 /*
 ** Playback savepoint pSavepoint. Or, if pSavepoint==NULL, then playback
-** the entire super-journal file. The case pSavepoint==NULL occurs when 
-** a ROLLBACK TO command is invoked on a SAVEPOINT that is a transaction 
+** the entire super-journal file. The case pSavepoint==NULL occurs when
+** a ROLLBACK TO command is invoked on a SAVEPOINT that is a transaction
 ** savepoint.
 **
-** When pSavepoint is not NULL (meaning a non-transaction savepoint is 
+** When pSavepoint is not NULL (meaning a non-transaction savepoint is
 ** being rolled back), then the rollback consists of up to three stages,
 ** performed in the order specified:
 **
 **   * Pages are played back from the main journal starting at byte
-**     offset PagerSavepoint.iOffset and continuing to 
+**     offset PagerSavepoint.iOffset and continuing to
 **     PagerSavepoint.iHdrOffset, or to the end of the main journal
 **     file if PagerSavepoint.iHdrOffset is zero.
 **
 **   * If PagerSavepoint.iHdrOffset is not zero, then pages are played
-**     back starting from the journal header immediately following 
+**     back starting from the journal header immediately following
 **     PagerSavepoint.iHdrOffset to the end of the main journal file.
 **
 **   * Pages are then played back from the sub-journal file, starting
@@ -3348,7 +3389,7 @@ static int pagerOpenWalIfPresent(Pager *pPager){
 ** journal file. There is no need for a bitvec in this case.
 **
 ** In either case, before playback commences the Pager.dbSize variable
-** is reset to the value that it held at the start of the savepoint 
+** is reset to the value that it held at the start of the savepoint
 ** (or transaction). No page with a page-number greater than this value
 ** is played back. If one is encountered it is simply skipped.
 */
@@ -3369,7 +3410,7 @@ static int pagerPlaybackSavepoint(Pager *pPager, PagerSavepoint *pSavepoint){
     }
   }
 
-  /* Set the database size back to the value it was before the savepoint 
+  /* Set the database size back to the value it was before the savepoint
   ** being reverted was opened.
   */
   pPager->dbSize = pSavepoint ? pSavepoint->nOrig : pPager->dbOrigSize;
@@ -3422,7 +3463,7 @@ static int pagerPlaybackSavepoint(Pager *pPager, PagerSavepoint *pSavepoint){
     ** test is related to ticket #2565.  See the discussion in the
     ** pager_playback() function for additional information.
     */
-    if( nJRec==0 
+    if( nJRec==0
      && pPager->journalHdr+JOURNAL_HDR_SZ(pPager)==pPager->journalOff
     ){
       nJRec = (u32)((szJ - pPager->journalOff)/JOURNAL_PG_SZ(pPager));
@@ -3596,7 +3637,7 @@ void sqlite3PagerSetFlags(
 /*
 ** The following global variable is incremented whenever the library
 ** attempts to open a temporary file.  This information is used for
-** testing and analysis only.  
+** testing and analysis only. 
 */
 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
 int sqlite3_opentemp_count = 0;
@@ -3605,8 +3646,8 @@ int sqlite3_opentemp_count = 0;
 /*
 ** Open a temporary file.
 **
-** Write the file descriptor into *pFile. Return SQLITE_OK on success 
-** or some other error code if we fail. The OS will automatically 
+** Write the file descriptor into *pFile. Return SQLITE_OK on success
+** or some other error code if we fail. The OS will automatically
 ** delete the temporary file when it is closed.
 **
 ** The flags passed to the VFS layer xOpen() call are those specified
@@ -3638,9 +3679,9 @@ static int pagerOpentemp(
 /*
 ** Set the busy handler function.
 **
-** The pager invokes the busy-handler if sqlite3OsLock() returns 
+** The pager invokes the busy-handler if sqlite3OsLock() returns
 ** SQLITE_BUSY when trying to upgrade from no-lock to a SHARED lock,
-** or when trying to upgrade from a RESERVED lock to an EXCLUSIVE 
+** or when trying to upgrade from a RESERVED lock to an EXCLUSIVE
 ** lock. It does *not* invoke the busy handler when upgrading from
 ** SHARED to RESERVED, or when upgrading from SHARED to EXCLUSIVE
 ** (which occurs during hot-journal rollback). Summary:
@@ -3652,7 +3693,7 @@ static int pagerOpentemp(
 **   SHARED_LOCK   -> EXCLUSIVE_LOCK   | No
 **   RESERVED_LOCK -> EXCLUSIVE_LOCK   | Yes
 **
-** If the busy-handler callback returns non-zero, the lock is 
+** If the busy-handler callback returns non-zero, the lock is
 ** retried. If it returns zero, then the SQLITE_BUSY error is
 ** returned to the caller of the pager API function.
 */
@@ -3671,16 +3712,16 @@ void sqlite3PagerSetBusyHandler(
 }
 
 /*
-** Change the page size used by the Pager object. The new page size 
+** Change the page size used by the Pager object. The new page size
 ** is passed in *pPageSize.
 **
 ** If the pager is in the error state when this function is called, it
-** is a no-op. The value returned is the error state error code (i.e. 
+** is a no-op. The value returned is the error state error code (i.e.
 ** one of SQLITE_IOERR, an SQLITE_IOERR_xxx sub-code or SQLITE_FULL).
 **
 ** Otherwise, if all of the following are true:
 **
-**   * the new page size (value of *pPageSize) is valid (a power 
+**   * the new page size (value of *pPageSize) is valid (a power
 **     of two between 512 and SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE, inclusive), and
 **
 **   * there are no outstanding page references, and
@@ -3690,14 +3731,14 @@ void sqlite3PagerSetBusyHandler(
 **
 ** then the pager object page size is set to *pPageSize.
 **
-** If the page size is changed, then this function uses sqlite3PagerMalloc() 
-** to obtain a new Pager.pTmpSpace buffer. If this allocation attempt 
-** fails, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned and the page size remains unchanged. 
+** If the page size is changed, then this function uses sqlite3PagerMalloc()
+** to obtain a new Pager.pTmpSpace buffer. If this allocation attempt
+** fails, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned and the page size remains unchanged.
 ** In all other cases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
 **
 ** If the page size is not changed, either because one of the enumerated
 ** conditions above is not true, the pager was in error state when this
-** function was called, or because the memory allocation attempt failed, 
+** function was called, or because the memory allocation attempt failed,
 ** then *pPageSize is set to the old, retained page size before returning.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerSetPagesize(Pager *pPager, u32 *pPageSize, int nReserve){
@@ -3707,7 +3748,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSetPagesize(Pager *pPager, u32 *pPageSize, int nReserve){
   ** function may be called from within PagerOpen(), before the state
   ** of the Pager object is internally consistent.
   **
-  ** At one point this function returned an error if the pager was in 
+  ** At one point this function returned an error if the pager was in
   ** PAGER_ERROR state. But since PAGER_ERROR state guarantees that
   ** there is at least one outstanding page reference, this function
   ** is a no-op for that case anyhow.
@@ -3716,8 +3757,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerSetPagesize(Pager *pPager, u32 *pPageSize, int nReserve){
   u32 pageSize = *pPageSize;
   assert( pageSize==0 || (pageSize>=512 && pageSize<=SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE) );
   if( (pPager->memDb==0 || pPager->dbSize==0)
-   && sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 
-   && pageSize && pageSize!=(u32)pPager->pageSize 
+   && sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0
+   && pageSize && pageSize!=(u32)pPager->pageSize
   ){
     char *pNew = NULL;             /* New temp space */
     i64 nByte = 0;
@@ -3774,7 +3815,7 @@ void *sqlite3PagerTempSpace(Pager *pPager){
 }
 
 /*
-** Attempt to set the maximum database page count if mxPage is positive. 
+** Attempt to set the maximum database page count if mxPage is positive.
 ** Make no changes if mxPage is zero or negative.  And never reduce the
 ** maximum page count below the current size of the database.
 **
@@ -3818,11 +3859,11 @@ void enable_simulated_io_errors(void){
 
 /*
 ** Read the first N bytes from the beginning of the file into memory
-** that pDest points to. 
+** that pDest points to.
 **
 ** If the pager was opened on a transient file (zFilename==""), or
 ** opened on a file less than N bytes in size, the output buffer is
-** zeroed and SQLITE_OK returned. The rationale for this is that this 
+** zeroed and SQLITE_OK returned. The rationale for this is that this
 ** function is used to read database headers, and a new transient or
 ** zero sized database has a header than consists entirely of zeroes.
 **
@@ -3855,7 +3896,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerReadFileheader(Pager *pPager, int N, unsigned char *pDest){
 ** This function may only be called when a read-transaction is open on
 ** the pager. It returns the total number of pages in the database.
 **
-** However, if the file is between 1 and <page-size> bytes in size, then 
+** However, if the file is between 1 and <page-size> bytes in size, then
 ** this is considered a 1 page file.
 */
 void sqlite3PagerPagecount(Pager *pPager, int *pnPage){
@@ -3870,19 +3911,19 @@ void sqlite3PagerPagecount(Pager *pPager, int *pnPage){
 ** a similar or greater lock is already held, this function is a no-op
 ** (returning SQLITE_OK immediately).
 **
-** Otherwise, attempt to obtain the lock using sqlite3OsLock(). Invoke 
-** the busy callback if the lock is currently not available. Repeat 
-** until the busy callback returns false or until the attempt to 
+** Otherwise, attempt to obtain the lock using sqlite3OsLock(). Invoke
+** the busy callback if the lock is currently not available. Repeat
+** until the busy callback returns false or until the attempt to
 ** obtain the lock succeeds.
 **
 ** Return SQLITE_OK on success and an error code if we cannot obtain
-** the lock. If the lock is obtained successfully, set the Pager.state 
+** the lock. If the lock is obtained successfully, set the Pager.state
 ** variable to locktype before returning.
 */
 static int pager_wait_on_lock(Pager *pPager, int locktype){
   int rc;                              /* Return code */
 
-  /* Check that this is either a no-op (because the requested lock is 
+  /* Check that this is either a no-op (because the requested lock is
   ** already held), or one of the transitions that the busy-handler
   ** may be invoked during, according to the comment above
   ** sqlite3PagerSetBusyhandler().
@@ -3899,10 +3940,10 @@ static int pager_wait_on_lock(Pager *pPager, int locktype){
 }
 
 /*
-** Function assertTruncateConstraint(pPager) checks that one of the 
+** Function assertTruncateConstraint(pPager) checks that one of the
 ** following is true for all dirty pages currently in the page-cache:
 **
-**   a) The page number is less than or equal to the size of the 
+**   a) The page number is less than or equal to the size of the
 **      current database image, in pages, OR
 **
 **   b) if the page content were written at this time, it would not
@@ -3914,9 +3955,9 @@ static int pager_wait_on_lock(Pager *pPager, int locktype){
 ** the database file. If a savepoint transaction were rolled back after
 ** this happened, the correct behavior would be to restore the current
 ** content of the page. However, since this content is not present in either
-** the database file or the portion of the rollback journal and 
+** the database file or the portion of the rollback journal and
 ** sub-journal rolled back the content could not be restored and the
-** database image would become corrupt. It is therefore fortunate that 
+** database image would become corrupt. It is therefore fortunate that
 ** this circumstance cannot arise.
 */
 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
@@ -3940,9 +3981,9 @@ static void assertTruncateConstraint(Pager *pPager){
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Truncate the in-memory database file image to nPage pages. This 
-** function does not actually modify the database file on disk. It 
-** just sets the internal state of the pager object so that the 
+** Truncate the in-memory database file image to nPage pages. This
+** function does not actually modify the database file on disk. It
+** just sets the internal state of the pager object so that the
 ** truncation will be done when the current transaction is committed.
 **
 ** This function is only called right before committing a transaction.
@@ -3957,11 +3998,11 @@ void sqlite3PagerTruncateImage(Pager *pPager, Pgno nPage){
 
   /* At one point the code here called assertTruncateConstraint() to
   ** ensure that all pages being truncated away by this operation are,
-  ** if one or more savepoints are open, present in the savepoint 
+  ** if one or more savepoints are open, present in the savepoint
   ** journal so that they can be restored if the savepoint is rolled
   ** back. This is no longer necessary as this function is now only
-  ** called right before committing a transaction. So although the 
-  ** Pager object may still have open savepoints (Pager.nSavepoint!=0), 
+  ** called right before committing a transaction. So although the
+  ** Pager object may still have open savepoints (Pager.nSavepoint!=0),
   ** they cannot be rolled back. So the assertTruncateConstraint() call
   ** is no longer correct. */
 }
@@ -3973,12 +4014,12 @@ void sqlite3PagerTruncateImage(Pager *pPager, Pgno nPage){
 ** size of the journal file so that the pager_playback() routine knows
 ** that the entire journal file has been synced.
 **
-** Syncing a hot-journal to disk before attempting to roll it back ensures 
+** Syncing a hot-journal to disk before attempting to roll it back ensures
 ** that if a power-failure occurs during the rollback, the process that
 ** attempts rollback following system recovery sees the same journal
 ** content as this process.
 **
-** If everything goes as planned, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, 
+** If everything goes as planned, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
 ** an SQLite error code.
 */
 static int pagerSyncHotJournal(Pager *pPager){
@@ -3994,7 +4035,7 @@ static int pagerSyncHotJournal(Pager *pPager){
 
 #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0
 /*
-** Obtain a reference to a memory mapped page object for page number pgno. 
+** Obtain a reference to a memory mapped page object for page number pgno.
 ** The new object will use the pointer pData, obtained from xFetch().
 ** If successful, set *ppPage to point to the new page reference
 ** and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, return an SQLite error code and set
@@ -4010,7 +4051,7 @@ static int pagerAcquireMapPage(
   PgHdr **ppPage                  /* OUT: Acquired page object */
 ){
   PgHdr *p;                       /* Memory mapped page to return */
-  
+ 
   if( pPager->pMmapFreelist ){
     *ppPage = p = pPager->pMmapFreelist;
     pPager->pMmapFreelist = p->pDirty;
@@ -4044,7 +4085,7 @@ static int pagerAcquireMapPage(
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Release a reference to page pPg. pPg must have been returned by an 
+** Release a reference to page pPg. pPg must have been returned by an
 ** earlier call to pagerAcquireMapPage().
 */
 static void pagerReleaseMapPage(PgHdr *pPg){
@@ -4104,7 +4145,7 @@ static int databaseIsUnmoved(Pager *pPager){
 ** result in a coredump.
 **
 ** This function always succeeds. If a transaction is active an attempt
-** is made to roll it back. If an error occurs during the rollback 
+** is made to roll it back. If an error occurs during the rollback
 ** a hot journal may be left in the filesystem but no error is returned
 ** to the caller.
 */
@@ -4121,7 +4162,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerClose(Pager *pPager, sqlite3 *db){
   {
     u8 *a = 0;
     assert( db || pPager->pWal==0 );
-    if( db && 0==(db->flags & SQLITE_NoCkptOnClose) 
+    if( db && 0==(db->flags & SQLITE_NoCkptOnClose)
      && SQLITE_OK==databaseIsUnmoved(pPager)
     ){
       a = pTmp;
@@ -4135,8 +4176,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerClose(Pager *pPager, sqlite3 *db){
     pager_unlock(pPager);
   }else{
     /* If it is open, sync the journal file before calling UnlockAndRollback.
-    ** If this is not done, then an unsynced portion of the open journal 
-    ** file may be played back into the database. If a power failure occurs 
+    ** If this is not done, then an unsynced portion of the open journal
+    ** file may be played back into the database. If a power failure occurs
     ** while this is happening, the database could become corrupt.
     **
     ** If an error occurs while trying to sync the journal, shift the pager
@@ -4187,7 +4228,7 @@ void sqlite3PagerRef(DbPage *pPg){
 ** disk and can be restored in the event of a hot-journal rollback.
 **
 ** If the Pager.noSync flag is set, then this function is a no-op.
-** Otherwise, the actions required depend on the journal-mode and the 
+** Otherwise, the actions required depend on the journal-mode and the
 ** device characteristics of the file-system, as follows:
 **
 **   * If the journal file is an in-memory journal file, no action need
@@ -4199,7 +4240,7 @@ void sqlite3PagerRef(DbPage *pPg){
 **     been written following it. If the pager is operating in full-sync
 **     mode, then the journal file is synced before this field is updated.
 **
-**   * If the device does not support the SEQUENTIAL property, then 
+**   * If the device does not support the SEQUENTIAL property, then
 **     journal file is synced.
 **
 ** Or, in pseudo-code:
@@ -4208,11 +4249,11 @@ void sqlite3PagerRef(DbPage *pPg){
 **     if( NOT SAFE_APPEND ){
 **       if( <full-sync mode> ) xSync(<journal file>);
 **       <update nRec field>
-**     } 
+**     }
 **     if( NOT SEQUENTIAL ) xSync(<journal file>);
 **   }
 **
-** If successful, this routine clears the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag of every 
+** If successful, this routine clears the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag of every
 ** page currently held in memory before returning SQLITE_OK. If an IO
 ** error is encountered, then the IO error code is returned to the caller.
 */
@@ -4240,10 +4281,10 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
         ** mode, then the journal file may at this point actually be larger
         ** than Pager.journalOff bytes. If the next thing in the journal
         ** file happens to be a journal-header (written as part of the
-        ** previous connection's transaction), and a crash or power-failure 
-        ** occurs after nRec is updated but before this connection writes 
-        ** anything else to the journal file (or commits/rolls back its 
-        ** transaction), then SQLite may become confused when doing the 
+        ** previous connection's transaction), and a crash or power-failure
+        ** occurs after nRec is updated but before this connection writes
+        ** anything else to the journal file (or commits/rolls back its
+        ** transaction), then SQLite may become confused when doing the
         ** hot-journal rollback following recovery. It may roll back all
         ** of this connections data, then proceed to rolling back the old,
         ** out-of-date data that follows it. Database corruption.
@@ -4253,7 +4294,7 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
         ** byte to the start of it to prevent it from being recognized.
         **
         ** Variable iNextHdrOffset is set to the offset at which this
-        ** problematic header will occur, if it exists. aMagic is used 
+        ** problematic header will occur, if it exists. aMagic is used
         ** as a temporary buffer to inspect the first couple of bytes of
         ** the potential journal header.
         */
@@ -4280,7 +4321,7 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
         ** it as a candidate for rollback.
         **
         ** This is not required if the persistent media supports the
-        ** SAFE_APPEND property. Because in this case it is not possible 
+        ** SAFE_APPEND property. Because in this case it is not possible
         ** for garbage data to be appended to the file, the nRec field
         ** is populated with 0xFFFFFFFF when the journal header is written
         ** and never needs to be updated.
@@ -4300,7 +4341,7 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
       if( 0==(iDc&SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL) ){
         PAGERTRACE(("SYNC journal of %d\n", PAGERID(pPager)));
         IOTRACE(("JSYNC %p\n", pPager))
-        rc = sqlite3OsSync(pPager->jfd, pPager->syncFlags| 
+        rc = sqlite3OsSync(pPager->jfd, pPager->syncFlags|
           (pPager->syncFlags==SQLITE_SYNC_FULL?SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY:0)
         );
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
@@ -4317,8 +4358,8 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
     }
   }
 
-  /* Unless the pager is in noSync mode, the journal file was just 
-  ** successfully synced. Either way, clear the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag on 
+  /* Unless the pager is in noSync mode, the journal file was just
+  ** successfully synced. Either way, clear the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag on
   ** all pages.
   */
   sqlite3PcacheClearSyncFlags(pPager->pPCache);
@@ -4338,9 +4379,9 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
 ** is called. Before writing anything to the database file, this lock
 ** is upgraded to an EXCLUSIVE lock. If the lock cannot be obtained,
 ** SQLITE_BUSY is returned and no data is written to the database file.
-** 
+**
 ** If the pager is a temp-file pager and the actual file-system file
-** is not yet open, it is created and opened before any data is 
+** is not yet open, it is created and opened before any data is
 ** written out.
 **
 ** Once the lock has been upgraded and, if necessary, the file opened,
@@ -4355,7 +4396,7 @@ static int syncJournal(Pager *pPager, int newHdr){
 ** in Pager.dbFileVers[] is updated to match the new value stored in
 ** the database file.
 **
-** If everything is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an IO error 
+** If everything is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an IO error
 ** occurs, an IO error code is returned. Or, if the EXCLUSIVE lock cannot
 ** be obtained, SQLITE_BUSY is returned.
 */
@@ -4381,7 +4422,7 @@ static int pager_write_pagelist(Pager *pPager, PgHdr *pList){
   ** file size will be.
   */
   assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || isOpen(pPager->fd) );
-  if( rc==SQLITE_OK 
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK
    && pPager->dbHintSize<pPager->dbSize
    && (pList->pDirty || pList->pgno>pPager->dbHintSize)
   ){
@@ -4403,7 +4444,7 @@ static int pager_write_pagelist(Pager *pPager, PgHdr *pList){
     */
     if( pgno<=pPager->dbSize && 0==(pList->flags&PGHDR_DONT_WRITE) ){
       i64 offset = (pgno-1)*(i64)pPager->pageSize;   /* Offset to write */
-      char *pData;                                   /* Data to write */    
+      char *pData;                                   /* Data to write */   
 
       assert( (pList->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC)==0 );
       if( pList->pgno==1 ) pager_write_changecounter(pList);
@@ -4414,8 +4455,8 @@ static int pager_write_pagelist(Pager *pPager, PgHdr *pList){
       rc = sqlite3OsWrite(pPager->fd, pData, pPager->pageSize, offset);
 
       /* If page 1 was just written, update Pager.dbFileVers to match
-      ** the value now stored in the database file. If writing this 
-      ** page caused the database file to grow, update dbFileSize. 
+      ** the value now stored in the database file. If writing this
+      ** page caused the database file to grow, update dbFileSize.
       */
       if( pgno==1 ){
         memcpy(&pPager->dbFileVers, &pData[24], sizeof(pPager->dbFileVers));
@@ -4443,18 +4484,18 @@ static int pager_write_pagelist(Pager *pPager, PgHdr *pList){
 }
 
 /*
-** Ensure that the sub-journal file is open. If it is already open, this 
+** Ensure that the sub-journal file is open. If it is already open, this
 ** function is a no-op.
 **
-** SQLITE_OK is returned if everything goes according to plan. An 
-** SQLITE_IOERR_XXX error code is returned if a call to sqlite3OsOpen() 
+** SQLITE_OK is returned if everything goes according to plan. An
+** SQLITE_IOERR_XXX error code is returned if a call to sqlite3OsOpen()
 ** fails.
 */
 static int openSubJournal(Pager *pPager){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   if( !isOpen(pPager->sjfd) ){
-    const int flags =  SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL | SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE 
-      | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE | SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE 
+    const int flags =  SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL | SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE
+      | SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE | SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE
       | SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE;
     int nStmtSpill = sqlite3Config.nStmtSpill;
     if( pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY || pPager->subjInMemory ){
@@ -4466,13 +4507,13 @@ static int openSubJournal(Pager *pPager){
 }
 
 /*
-** Append a record of the current state of page pPg to the sub-journal. 
+** Append a record of the current state of page pPg to the sub-journal.
 **
 ** If successful, set the bit corresponding to pPg->pgno in the bitvecs
 ** for all open savepoints before returning.
 **
 ** This function returns SQLITE_OK if everything is successful, an IO
-** error code if the attempt to write to the sub-journal fails, or 
+** error code if the attempt to write to the sub-journal fails, or
 ** SQLITE_NOMEM if a malloc fails while setting a bit in a savepoint
 ** bitvec.
 */
@@ -4485,9 +4526,9 @@ static int subjournalPage(PgHdr *pPg){
     assert( pPager->useJournal );
     assert( isOpen(pPager->jfd) || pagerUseWal(pPager) );
     assert( isOpen(pPager->sjfd) || pPager->nSubRec==0 );
-    assert( pagerUseWal(pPager) 
-         || pageInJournal(pPager, pPg) 
-         || pPg->pgno>pPager->dbOrigSize 
+    assert( pagerUseWal(pPager)
+         || pageInJournal(pPager, pPg)
+         || pPg->pgno>pPager->dbOrigSize
     );
     rc = openSubJournal(pPager);
 
@@ -4524,14 +4565,14 @@ static int subjournalPageIfRequired(PgHdr *pPg){
 ** This function is called by the pcache layer when it has reached some
 ** soft memory limit. The first argument is a pointer to a Pager object
 ** (cast as a void*). The pager is always 'purgeable' (not an in-memory
-** database). The second argument is a reference to a page that is 
+** database). The second argument is a reference to a page that is
 ** currently dirty but has no outstanding references. The page
-** is always associated with the Pager object passed as the first 
+** is always associated with the Pager object passed as the first
 ** argument.
 **
 ** The job of this function is to make pPg clean by writing its contents
 ** out to the database file, if possible. This may involve syncing the
-** journal file. 
+** journal file.
 **
 ** If successful, sqlite3PcacheMakeClean() is called on the page and
 ** SQLITE_OK returned. If an IO error occurs while trying to make the
@@ -4556,7 +4597,7 @@ static int pagerStress(void *p, PgHdr *pPg){
   ** a rollback or by user request, respectively.
   **
   ** Spilling is also prohibited when in an error state since that could
-  ** lead to database corruption.   In the current implementation it 
+  ** lead to database corruption.   In the current implementation it
   ** is impossible for sqlite3PcacheFetch() to be called with createFlag==3
   ** while in the error state, hence it is impossible for this routine to
   ** be called in the error state.  Nevertheless, we include a NEVER()
@@ -4577,26 +4618,26 @@ static int pagerStress(void *p, PgHdr *pPg){
   pPg->pDirty = 0;
   if( pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
     /* Write a single frame for this page to the log. */
-    rc = subjournalPageIfRequired(pPg); 
+    rc = subjournalPageIfRequired(pPg);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       rc = pagerWalFrames(pPager, pPg, 0, 0);
     }
   }else{
-    
+   
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE
     if( pPager->tempFile==0 ){
       rc = sqlite3JournalCreate(pPager->jfd);
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return pager_error(pPager, rc);
     }
 #endif
-  
+ 
     /* Sync the journal file if required. */
-    if( pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC 
+    if( pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC
      || pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD
     ){
       rc = syncJournal(pPager, 1);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Write the contents of the page out to the database file. */
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       assert( (pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC)==0 );
@@ -4610,7 +4651,7 @@ static int pagerStress(void *p, PgHdr *pPg){
     sqlite3PcacheMakeClean(pPg);
   }
 
-  return pager_error(pPager, rc); 
+  return pager_error(pPager, rc);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4641,8 +4682,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerFlush(Pager *pPager){
 ** The zFilename argument is the path to the database file to open.
 ** If zFilename is NULL then a randomly-named temporary file is created
 ** and used as the file to be cached. Temporary files are be deleted
-** automatically when they are closed. If zFilename is ":memory:" then 
-** all information is held in cache. It is never written to disk. 
+** automatically when they are closed. If zFilename is ":memory:" then
+** all information is held in cache. It is never written to disk.
 ** This can be used to implement an in-memory database.
 **
 ** The nExtra parameter specifies the number of bytes of space allocated
@@ -4656,13 +4697,13 @@ int sqlite3PagerFlush(Pager *pPager){
 ** of the PAGER_* flags.
 **
 ** The vfsFlags parameter is a bitmask to pass to the flags parameter
-** of the xOpen() method of the supplied VFS when opening files. 
+** of the xOpen() method of the supplied VFS when opening files.
 **
-** If the pager object is allocated and the specified file opened 
+** If the pager object is allocated and the specified file opened
 ** successfully, SQLITE_OK is returned and *ppPager set to point to
 ** the new pager object. If an error occurs, *ppPager is set to NULL
 ** and error code returned. This function may return SQLITE_NOMEM
-** (sqlite3Malloc() is used to allocate memory), SQLITE_CANTOPEN or 
+** (sqlite3Malloc() is used to allocate memory), SQLITE_CANTOPEN or
 ** various SQLITE_IO_XXX errors.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerOpen(
@@ -4679,11 +4720,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;      /* Return code */
   int tempFile = 0;        /* True for temp files (incl. in-memory files) */
   int memDb = 0;           /* True if this is an in-memory file */
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
   int memJM = 0;           /* Memory journal mode */
-#else
-# define memJM 0
-#endif
   int readOnly = 0;        /* True if this is a read-only file */
   int journalFileSize;     /* Bytes to allocate for each journal fd */
   char *zPathname = 0;     /* Full path to database file */
@@ -4759,7 +4796,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
   }
 
   /* Allocate memory for the Pager structure, PCache object, the
-  ** three file descriptors, the database file name and the journal 
+  ** three file descriptors, the database file name and the journal
   ** file name. The layout in memory is as follows:
   **
   **     Pager object                    (sizeof(Pager) bytes)
@@ -4802,12 +4839,13 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
   ** specific formatting and order of the various filenames, so if the format
   ** changes here, be sure to change it there as well.
   */
+  assert( SQLITE_PTRSIZE==sizeof(Pager*) );
   pPtr = (u8 *)sqlite3MallocZero(
     ROUND8(sizeof(*pPager)) +            /* Pager structure */
     ROUND8(pcacheSize) +                 /* PCache object */
     ROUND8(pVfs->szOsFile) +             /* The main db file */
     journalFileSize * 2 +                /* The two journal files */
-    sizeof(pPager) +                     /* Space to hold a pointer */
+    SQLITE_PTRSIZE +                     /* Space to hold a pointer */
     4 +                                  /* Database prefix */
     nPathname + 1 +                      /* database filename */
     nUriByte +                           /* query parameters */
@@ -4828,7 +4866,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
   pPager->sjfd = (sqlite3_file*)pPtr;     pPtr += journalFileSize;
   pPager->jfd =  (sqlite3_file*)pPtr;     pPtr += journalFileSize;
   assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(pPager->jfd) );
-  memcpy(pPtr, &pPager, sizeof(pPager));  pPtr += sizeof(pPager);
+  memcpy(pPtr, &pPager, SQLITE_PTRSIZE);  pPtr += SQLITE_PTRSIZE;
 
   /* Fill in the Pager.zFilename and pPager.zQueryParam fields */
                                           pPtr += 4;  /* Skip zero prefix */
@@ -4882,9 +4920,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
     int fout = 0;                    /* VFS flags returned by xOpen() */
     rc = sqlite3OsOpen(pVfs, pPager->zFilename, pPager->fd, vfsFlags, &fout);
     assert( !memDb );
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE
     pPager->memVfs = memJM = (fout&SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY)!=0;
-#endif
     readOnly = (fout&SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY)!=0;
 
     /* If the file was successfully opened for read/write access,
@@ -4938,7 +4974,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
     ** disk and uses an in-memory rollback journal.
     **
     ** This branch also runs for files marked as immutable.
-    */ 
+    */
 act_like_temp_file:
     tempFile = 1;
     pPager->eState = PAGER_READER;     /* Pretend we already have a lock */
@@ -4947,7 +4983,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
     readOnly = (vfsFlags&SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY);
   }
 
-  /* The following call to PagerSetPagesize() serves to set the value of 
+  /* The following call to PagerSetPagesize() serves to set the value of
   ** Pager.pageSize and to allocate the Pager.pTmpSpace buffer.
   */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -4987,10 +5023,10 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
   /* pPager->state = PAGER_UNLOCK; */
   /* pPager->errMask = 0; */
   pPager->tempFile = (u8)tempFile;
-  assert( tempFile==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_NORMAL 
+  assert( tempFile==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_NORMAL
           || tempFile==PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE );
   assert( PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE==1 );
-  pPager->exclusiveMode = (u8)tempFile; 
+  pPager->exclusiveMode = (u8)tempFile;
   pPager->changeCountDone = pPager->tempFile;
   pPager->memDb = (u8)memDb;
   pPager->readOnly = (u8)readOnly;
@@ -5021,7 +5057,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpen(
 
 /*
 ** Return the sqlite3_file for the main database given the name
-** of the corresonding WAL or Journal name as passed into
+** of the corresponding WAL or Journal name as passed into
 ** xOpen.
 */
 sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char *zName){
@@ -5037,7 +5073,7 @@ sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char *zName){
 /*
 ** This function is called after transitioning from PAGER_UNLOCK to
 ** PAGER_SHARED state. It tests if there is a hot journal present in
-** the file-system for the given pager. A hot journal is one that 
+** the file-system for the given pager. A hot journal is one that
 ** needs to be played back. According to this function, a hot-journal
 ** file exists if the following criteria are met:
 **
@@ -5056,10 +5092,10 @@ sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char *zName){
 ** at the end of the file. If there is, and that super-journal file
 ** does not exist, then the journal file is not really hot. In this
 ** case this routine will return a false-positive. The pager_playback()
-** routine will discover that the journal file is not really hot and 
-** will not roll it back. 
+** routine will discover that the journal file is not really hot and
+** will not roll it back.
 **
-** If a hot-journal file is found to exist, *pExists is set to 1 and 
+** If a hot-journal file is found to exist, *pExists is set to 1 and
 ** SQLITE_OK returned. If no hot-journal file is present, *pExists is
 ** set to 0 and SQLITE_OK returned. If an IO error occurs while trying
 ** to determine whether or not a hot-journal file exists, the IO error
@@ -5087,7 +5123,7 @@ static int hasHotJournal(Pager *pPager, int *pExists){
     int locked = 0;             /* True if some process holds a RESERVED lock */
 
     /* Race condition here:  Another process might have been holding the
-    ** the RESERVED lock and have a journal open at the sqlite3OsAccess() 
+    ** the RESERVED lock and have a journal open at the sqlite3OsAccess()
     ** call above, but then delete the journal and drop the lock before
     ** we get to the following sqlite3OsCheckReservedLock() call.  If that
     ** is the case, this routine might think there is a hot journal when
@@ -5120,7 +5156,7 @@ static int hasHotJournal(Pager *pPager, int *pExists){
           /* The journal file exists and no other connection has a reserved
           ** or greater lock on the database file. Now check that there is
           ** at least one non-zero bytes at the start of the journal file.
-          ** If there is, then we consider this journal to be hot. If not, 
+          ** If there is, then we consider this journal to be hot. If not,
           ** it can be ignored.
           */
           if( !jrnlOpen ){
@@ -5170,7 +5206,7 @@ static int hasHotJournal(Pager *pPager, int *pExists){
 **      on the database file), then an attempt is made to obtain a
 **      SHARED lock on the database file. Immediately after obtaining
 **      the SHARED lock, the file-system is checked for a hot-journal,
-**      which is played back if present. Following any hot-journal 
+**      which is played back if present. Following any hot-journal
 **      rollback, the contents of the cache are validated by checking
 **      the 'change-counter' field of the database file header and
 **      discarded if they are found to be invalid.
@@ -5181,8 +5217,8 @@ static int hasHotJournal(Pager *pPager, int *pExists){
 **      the contents of the page cache and rolling back any open journal
 **      file.
 **
-** If everything is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an IO error 
-** occurs while locking the database, checking for a hot-journal file or 
+** If everything is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an IO error
+** occurs while locking the database, checking for a hot-journal file or
 ** rolling back a journal file, the IO error code is returned.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
@@ -5190,7 +5226,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
 
   /* This routine is only called from b-tree and only when there are no
   ** outstanding pages. This implies that the pager state should either
-  ** be OPEN or READER. READER is only possible if the pager is or was in 
+  ** be OPEN or READER. READER is only possible if the pager is or was in
   ** exclusive access mode.  */
   assert( sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 );
   assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
@@ -5228,12 +5264,12 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
       ** important that a RESERVED lock is not obtained on the way to the
       ** EXCLUSIVE lock. If it were, another process might open the
       ** database file, detect the RESERVED lock, and conclude that the
-      ** database is safe to read while this process is still rolling the 
+      ** database is safe to read while this process is still rolling the
       ** hot-journal back.
-      ** 
+      **
       ** Because the intermediate RESERVED lock is not requested, any
-      ** other process attempting to access the database file will get to 
-      ** this point in the code and fail to obtain its own EXCLUSIVE lock 
+      ** other process attempting to access the database file will get to
+      ** this point in the code and fail to obtain its own EXCLUSIVE lock
       ** on the database file.
       **
       ** Unless the pager is in locking_mode=exclusive mode, the lock is
@@ -5243,17 +5279,17 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
         goto failed;
       }
- 
-      /* If it is not already open and the file exists on disk, open the 
-      ** journal for read/write access. Write access is required because 
-      ** in exclusive-access mode the file descriptor will be kept open 
-      ** and possibly used for a transaction later on. Also, write-access 
-      ** is usually required to finalize the journal in journal_mode=persist 
+
+      /* If it is not already open and the file exists on disk, open the
+      ** journal for read/write access. Write access is required because
+      ** in exclusive-access mode the file descriptor will be kept open
+      ** and possibly used for a transaction later on. Also, write-access
+      ** is usually required to finalize the journal in journal_mode=persist
       ** mode (and also for journal_mode=truncate on some systems).
       **
-      ** If the journal does not exist, it usually means that some 
-      ** other connection managed to get in and roll it back before 
-      ** this connection obtained the exclusive lock above. Or, it 
+      ** If the journal does not exist, it usually means that some
+      ** other connection managed to get in and roll it back before
+      ** this connection obtained the exclusive lock above. Or, it
       ** may mean that the pager was in the error-state when this
       ** function was called and the journal file does not exist.
       */
@@ -5274,7 +5310,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
           }
         }
       }
- 
+
       /* Playback and delete the journal.  Drop the database write
       ** lock and reacquire the read lock. Purge the cache before
       ** playing back the hot-journal so that we don't end up with
@@ -5299,8 +5335,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
         ** or roll back a hot-journal while holding an EXCLUSIVE lock. The
         ** pager_unlock() routine will be called before returning to unlock
         ** the file. If the unlock attempt fails, then Pager.eLock must be
-        ** set to UNKNOWN_LOCK (see the comment above the #define for 
-        ** UNKNOWN_LOCK above for an explanation). 
+        ** set to UNKNOWN_LOCK (see the comment above the #define for
+        ** UNKNOWN_LOCK above for an explanation).
         **
         ** In order to get pager_unlock() to do this, set Pager.eState to
         ** PAGER_ERROR now. This is not actually counted as a transition
@@ -5308,7 +5344,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
         ** since we know that the same call to pager_unlock() will very
         ** shortly transition the pager object to the OPEN state. Calling
         ** assert_pager_state() would fail now, as it should not be possible
-        ** to be in ERROR state when there are zero outstanding page 
+        ** to be in ERROR state when there are zero outstanding page
         ** references.
         */
         pager_error(pPager, rc);
@@ -5333,8 +5369,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
       ** a 32-bit counter that is incremented with each change.  The
       ** other bytes change randomly with each file change when
       ** a codec is in use.
-      ** 
-      ** There is a vanishingly small chance that a change will not be 
+      **
+      ** There is a vanishingly small chance that a change will not be
       ** detected.  The chance of an undetected change is so small that
       ** it can be neglected.
       */
@@ -5401,7 +5437,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSharedLock(Pager *pPager){
 ** Except, in locking_mode=EXCLUSIVE when there is nothing to in
 ** the rollback journal, the unlock is not performed and there is
 ** nothing to rollback, so this routine is a no-op.
-*/ 
+*/
 static void pagerUnlockIfUnused(Pager *pPager){
   if( sqlite3PcacheRefCount(pPager->pPCache)==0 ){
     assert( pPager->nMmapOut==0 ); /* because page1 is never memory mapped */
@@ -5411,7 +5447,7 @@ static void pagerUnlockIfUnused(Pager *pPager){
 
 /*
 ** The page getter methods each try to acquire a reference to a
-** page with page number pgno. If the requested reference is 
+** page with page number pgno. If the requested reference is
 ** successfully obtained, it is copied to *ppPage and SQLITE_OK returned.
 **
 ** There are different implementations of the getter method depending
@@ -5421,22 +5457,22 @@ static void pagerUnlockIfUnused(Pager *pPager){
 **     getPageError()          --  Used if the pager is in an error state
 **     getPageMmap()           --  Used if memory-mapped I/O is enabled
 **
-** If the requested page is already in the cache, it is returned. 
+** If the requested page is already in the cache, it is returned.
 ** Otherwise, a new page object is allocated and populated with data
 ** read from the database file. In some cases, the pcache module may
 ** choose not to allocate a new page object and may reuse an existing
 ** object with no outstanding references.
 **
-** The extra data appended to a page is always initialized to zeros the 
-** first time a page is loaded into memory. If the page requested is 
+** The extra data appended to a page is always initialized to zeros the
+** first time a page is loaded into memory. If the page requested is
 ** already in the cache when this function is called, then the extra
 ** data is left as it was when the page object was last used.
 **
-** If the database image is smaller than the requested page or if 
-** the flags parameter contains the PAGER_GET_NOCONTENT bit and the 
-** requested page is not already stored in the cache, then no 
-** actual disk read occurs. In this case the memory image of the 
-** page is initialized to all zeros. 
+** If the database image is smaller than the requested page or if
+** the flags parameter contains the PAGER_GET_NOCONTENT bit and the
+** requested page is not already stored in the cache, then no
+** actual disk read occurs. In this case the memory image of the
+** page is initialized to all zeros.
 **
 ** If PAGER_GET_NOCONTENT is true, it means that we do not care about
 ** the contents of the page. This occurs in two scenarios:
@@ -5507,7 +5543,7 @@ static int getPageNormal(
     return SQLITE_OK;
 
   }else{
-    /* The pager cache has created a new page. Its content needs to 
+    /* The pager cache has created a new page. Its content needs to
     ** be initialized. But first some error checks:
     **
     ** (*) obsolete.  Was: maximum page number is 2^31
@@ -5532,9 +5568,9 @@ static int getPageNormal(
       }
       if( noContent ){
         /* Failure to set the bits in the InJournal bit-vectors is benign.
-        ** It merely means that we might do some extra work to journal a 
-        ** page that does not need to be journaled.  Nevertheless, be sure 
-        ** to test the case where a malloc error occurs while trying to set 
+        ** It merely means that we might do some extra work to journal a
+        ** page that does not need to be journaled.  Nevertheless, be sure
+        ** to test the case where a malloc error occurs while trying to set
         ** a bit in a bit vector.
         */
         sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
@@ -5584,7 +5620,7 @@ static int getPageMMap(
 
   /* It is acceptable to use a read-only (mmap) page for any page except
   ** page 1 if there is no write-transaction open or the ACQUIRE_READONLY
-  ** flag was specified by the caller. And so long as the db is not a 
+  ** flag was specified by the caller. And so long as the db is not a
   ** temporary or in-memory database.  */
   const int bMmapOk = (pgno>1
    && (pPager->eState==PAGER_READER || (flags & PAGER_GET_READONLY))
@@ -5613,7 +5649,7 @@ static int getPageMMap(
   }
   if( bMmapOk && iFrame==0 ){
     void *pData = 0;
-    rc = sqlite3OsFetch(pPager->fd, 
+    rc = sqlite3OsFetch(pPager->fd,
         (i64)(pgno-1) * pPager->pageSize, pPager->pageSize, &pData
     );
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pData ){
@@ -5663,19 +5699,31 @@ int sqlite3PagerGet(
   DbPage **ppPage,    /* Write a pointer to the page here */
   int flags           /* PAGER_GET_XXX flags */
 ){
-  /* printf("PAGE %u\n", pgno); fflush(stdout); */
+#if 0   /* Trace page fetch by setting to 1 */
+  int rc;
+  printf("PAGE %u\n", pgno);
+  fflush(stdout);
+  rc = pPager->xGet(pPager, pgno, ppPage, flags);
+  if( rc ){ 
+    printf("PAGE %u failed with 0x%02x\n", pgno, rc);
+    fflush(stdout);
+  }
+  return rc;
+#else
+  /* Normal, high-speed version of sqlite3PagerGet() */
   return pPager->xGet(pPager, pgno, ppPage, flags);
+#endif
 }
 
 /*
 ** Acquire a page if it is already in the in-memory cache.  Do
 ** not read the page from disk.  Return a pointer to the page,
-** or 0 if the page is not in cache. 
+** or 0 if the page is not in cache.
 **
 ** See also sqlite3PagerGet().  The difference between this routine
 ** and sqlite3PagerGet() is that _get() will go to the disk and read
 ** in the page if the page is not already in cache.  This routine
-** returns NULL if the page is not in cache or if a disk I/O error 
+** returns NULL if the page is not in cache or if a disk I/O error
 ** has ever happened.
 */
 DbPage *sqlite3PagerLookup(Pager *pPager, Pgno pgno){
@@ -5730,24 +5778,24 @@ void sqlite3PagerUnrefPageOne(DbPage *pPg){
 
 /*
 ** This function is called at the start of every write transaction.
-** There must already be a RESERVED or EXCLUSIVE lock on the database 
+** There must already be a RESERVED or EXCLUSIVE lock on the database
 ** file when this routine is called.
 **
 ** Open the journal file for pager pPager and write a journal header
 ** to the start of it. If there are active savepoints, open the sub-journal
-** as well. This function is only used when the journal file is being 
-** opened to write a rollback log for a transaction. It is not used 
+** as well. This function is only used when the journal file is being
+** opened to write a rollback log for a transaction. It is not used
 ** when opening a hot journal file to roll it back.
 **
 ** If the journal file is already open (as it may be in exclusive mode),
 ** then this function just writes a journal header to the start of the
-** already open file. 
+** already open file.
 **
 ** Whether or not the journal file is opened by this function, the
 ** Pager.pInJournal bitvec structure is allocated.
 **
-** Return SQLITE_OK if everything is successful. Otherwise, return 
-** SQLITE_NOMEM if the attempt to allocate Pager.pInJournal fails, or 
+** Return SQLITE_OK if everything is successful. Otherwise, return
+** SQLITE_NOMEM if the attempt to allocate Pager.pInJournal fails, or
 ** an IO error code if opening or writing the journal file fails.
 */
 static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
@@ -5757,7 +5805,7 @@ static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
   assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED );
   assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
   assert( pPager->pInJournal==0 );
-  
+ 
   /* If already in the error state, this function is a no-op.  But on
   ** the other hand, this routine is never called if we are already in
   ** an error state. */
@@ -5768,7 +5816,7 @@ static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
     if( pPager->pInJournal==0 ){
       return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Open the journal file if it is not already open. */
     if( !isOpen(pPager->jfd) ){
       if( pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY ){
@@ -5785,7 +5833,7 @@ static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
           flags |= SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL;
           nSpill = jrnlBufferSize(pPager);
         }
-          
+         
         /* Verify that the database still has the same name as it did when
         ** it was originally opened. */
         rc = databaseIsUnmoved(pPager);
@@ -5797,9 +5845,9 @@ static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
       }
       assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || isOpen(pPager->jfd) );
     }
-  
-  
-    /* Write the first journal header to the journal file and open 
+ 
+ 
+    /* Write the first journal header to the journal file and open
     ** the sub-journal if necessary.
     */
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -5825,12 +5873,12 @@ static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
 }
 
 /*
-** Begin a write-transaction on the specified pager object. If a 
+** Begin a write-transaction on the specified pager object. If a
 ** write-transaction has already been opened, this function is a no-op.
 **
 ** If the exFlag argument is false, then acquire at least a RESERVED
 ** lock on the database file. If exFlag is true, then acquire at least
-** an EXCLUSIVE lock. If such a lock is already held, no locking 
+** an EXCLUSIVE lock. If such a lock is already held, no locking
 ** functions need be called.
 **
 ** If the subjInMemory argument is non-zero, then any sub-journal opened
@@ -5838,7 +5886,7 @@ static int pager_open_journal(Pager *pPager){
 ** has no effect if the sub-journal is already opened (as it may be when
 ** running in exclusive mode) or if the transaction does not require a
 ** sub-journal. If the subjInMemory argument is zero, then any required
-** sub-journal is implemented in-memory if pPager is an in-memory database, 
+** sub-journal is implemented in-memory if pPager is an in-memory database,
 ** or using a temporary file otherwise.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerBegin(Pager *pPager, int exFlag, int subjInMemory){
@@ -5886,9 +5934,9 @@ int sqlite3PagerBegin(Pager *pPager, int exFlag, int subjInMemory){
       **
       ** WAL mode sets Pager.eState to PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED or CACHEMOD
       ** when it has an open transaction, but never to DBMOD or FINISHED.
-      ** This is because in those states the code to roll back savepoint 
-      ** transactions may copy data from the sub-journal into the database 
-      ** file as well as into the page cache. Which would be incorrect in 
+      ** This is because in those states the code to roll back savepoint
+      ** transactions may copy data from the sub-journal into the database
+      ** file as well as into the page cache. Which would be incorrect in
       ** WAL mode.
       */
       pPager->eState = PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED;
@@ -5942,11 +5990,11 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int pagerAddPageToRollbackJournal(PgHdr *pPg){
   rc = write32bits(pPager->jfd, iOff+pPager->pageSize+4, cksum);
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
 
-  IOTRACE(("JOUT %p %d %lld %d\n", pPager, pPg->pgno, 
+  IOTRACE(("JOUT %p %d %lld %d\n", pPager, pPg->pgno,
            pPager->journalOff, pPager->pageSize));
   PAGER_INCR(sqlite3_pager_writej_count);
   PAGERTRACE(("JOURNAL %d page %d needSync=%d hash(%08x)\n",
-       PAGERID(pPager), pPg->pgno, 
+       PAGERID(pPager), pPg->pgno,
        ((pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC)?1:0), pager_pagehash(pPg)));
 
   pPager->journalOff += 8 + pPager->pageSize;
@@ -5961,9 +6009,9 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int pagerAddPageToRollbackJournal(PgHdr *pPg){
 }
 
 /*
-** Mark a single data page as writeable. The page is written into the 
+** Mark a single data page as writeable. The page is written into the
 ** main journal or sub-journal as required. If the page is written into
-** one of the journals, the corresponding bit is set in the 
+** one of the journals, the corresponding bit is set in the
 ** Pager.pInJournal bitvec and the PagerSavepoint.pInSavepoint bitvecs
 ** of any open savepoints as appropriate.
 */
@@ -5971,7 +6019,7 @@ static int pager_write(PgHdr *pPg){
   Pager *pPager = pPg->pPager;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
 
-  /* This routine is not called unless a write-transaction has already 
+  /* This routine is not called unless a write-transaction has already
   ** been started. The journal file may or may not be open at this point.
   ** It is never called in the ERROR state.
   */
@@ -5988,7 +6036,7 @@ static int pager_write(PgHdr *pPg){
   ** obtained the necessary locks to begin the write-transaction, but the
   ** rollback journal might not yet be open. Open it now if this is the case.
   **
-  ** This is done before calling sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty() on the page. 
+  ** This is done before calling sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty() on the page.
   ** Otherwise, if it were done after calling sqlite3PcacheMakeDirty(), then
   ** an error might occur and the pager would end up in WRITER_LOCKED state
   ** with pages marked as dirty in the cache.
@@ -6033,7 +6081,7 @@ static int pager_write(PgHdr *pPg){
   ** PGHDR_WRITEABLE bit that indicates that the page can be safely modified.
   */
   pPg->flags |= PGHDR_WRITEABLE;
-  
+ 
   /* If the statement journal is open and the page is not in it,
   ** then write the page into the statement journal.
   */
@@ -6117,7 +6165,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int pagerWriteLargeSector(PgHdr *pPg){
     }
   }
 
-  /* If the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag is set for any of the nPage pages 
+  /* If the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag is set for any of the nPage pages
   ** starting at pg1, then it needs to be set for all of them. Because
   ** writing to any of these nPage pages may damage the others, the
   ** journal file must contain sync()ed copies of all of them
@@ -6140,9 +6188,9 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int pagerWriteLargeSector(PgHdr *pPg){
 }
 
 /*
-** Mark a data page as writeable. This routine must be called before 
-** making changes to a page. The caller must check the return value 
-** of this function and be careful not to change any page data unless 
+** Mark a data page as writeable. This routine must be called before
+** making changes to a page. The caller must check the return value
+** of this function and be careful not to change any page data unless
 ** this routine returns SQLITE_OK.
 **
 ** The difference between this function and pager_write() is that this
@@ -6193,13 +6241,13 @@ int sqlite3PagerIswriteable(DbPage *pPg){
 ** on the given page is unused. The pager marks the page as clean so
 ** that it does not get written to disk.
 **
-** Tests show that this optimization can quadruple the speed of large 
+** Tests show that this optimization can quadruple the speed of large
 ** DELETE operations.
 **
 ** This optimization cannot be used with a temp-file, as the page may
 ** have been dirty at the start of the transaction. In that case, if
-** memory pressure forces page pPg out of the cache, the data does need 
-** to be written out to disk so that it may be read back in if the 
+** memory pressure forces page pPg out of the cache, the data does need
+** to be written out to disk so that it may be read back in if the
 ** current transaction is rolled back.
 */
 void sqlite3PagerDontWrite(PgHdr *pPg){
@@ -6215,17 +6263,17 @@ void sqlite3PagerDontWrite(PgHdr *pPg){
 }
 
 /*
-** This routine is called to increment the value of the database file 
-** change-counter, stored as a 4-byte big-endian integer starting at 
+** This routine is called to increment the value of the database file
+** change-counter, stored as a 4-byte big-endian integer starting at
 ** byte offset 24 of the pager file.  The secondary change counter at
 ** 92 is also updated, as is the SQLite version number at offset 96.
 **
 ** But this only happens if the pPager->changeCountDone flag is false.
 ** To avoid excess churning of page 1, the update only happens once.
-** See also the pager_write_changecounter() routine that does an 
+** See also the pager_write_changecounter() routine that does an
 ** unconditional update of the change counters.
 **
-** If the isDirectMode flag is zero, then this is done by calling 
+** If the isDirectMode flag is zero, then this is done by calling
 ** sqlite3PagerWrite() on page 1, then modifying the contents of the
 ** page data. In this case the file will be updated when the current
 ** transaction is committed.
@@ -6233,7 +6281,7 @@ void sqlite3PagerDontWrite(PgHdr *pPg){
 ** The isDirectMode flag may only be non-zero if the library was compiled
 ** with the SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE macro defined. In this case,
 ** if isDirect is non-zero, then the database file is updated directly
-** by writing an updated version of page 1 using a call to the 
+** by writing an updated version of page 1 using a call to the
 ** sqlite3OsWrite() function.
 */
 static int pager_incr_changecounter(Pager *pPager, int isDirectMode){
@@ -6272,7 +6320,7 @@ static int pager_incr_changecounter(Pager *pPager, int isDirectMode){
     assert( pPgHdr==0 || rc==SQLITE_OK );
 
     /* If page one was fetched successfully, and this function is not
-    ** operating in direct-mode, make page 1 writable.  When not in 
+    ** operating in direct-mode, make page 1 writable.  When not in
     ** direct mode, page 1 is always held in cache and hence the PagerGet()
     ** above is always successful - hence the ALWAYS on rc==SQLITE_OK.
     */
@@ -6333,22 +6381,22 @@ int sqlite3PagerSync(Pager *pPager, const char *zSuper){
 
 /*
 ** This function may only be called while a write-transaction is active in
-** rollback. If the connection is in WAL mode, this call is a no-op. 
-** Otherwise, if the connection does not already have an EXCLUSIVE lock on 
+** rollback. If the connection is in WAL mode, this call is a no-op.
+** Otherwise, if the connection does not already have an EXCLUSIVE lock on
 ** the database file, an attempt is made to obtain one.
 **
 ** If the EXCLUSIVE lock is already held or the attempt to obtain it is
 ** successful, or the connection is in WAL mode, SQLITE_OK is returned.
-** Otherwise, either SQLITE_BUSY or an SQLITE_IOERR_XXX error code is 
+** Otherwise, either SQLITE_BUSY or an SQLITE_IOERR_XXX error code is
 ** returned.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerExclusiveLock(Pager *pPager){
   int rc = pPager->errCode;
   assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD 
-         || pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD 
-         || pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED 
+    assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD
+         || pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD
+         || pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED
     );
     assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
     if( 0==pagerUseWal(pPager) ){
@@ -6361,19 +6409,19 @@ int sqlite3PagerExclusiveLock(Pager *pPager){
 /*
 ** Sync the database file for the pager pPager. zSuper points to the name
 ** of a super-journal file that should be written into the individual
-** journal file. zSuper may be NULL, which is interpreted as no 
+** journal file. zSuper may be NULL, which is interpreted as no
 ** super-journal (a single database transaction).
 **
 ** This routine ensures that:
 **
 **   * The database file change-counter is updated,
 **   * the journal is synced (unless the atomic-write optimization is used),
-**   * all dirty pages are written to the database file, 
+**   * all dirty pages are written to the database file,
 **   * the database file is truncated (if required), and
-**   * the database file synced. 
+**   * the database file synced.
 **
-** The only thing that remains to commit the transaction is to finalize 
-** (delete, truncate or zero the first part of) the journal file (or 
+** The only thing that remains to commit the transaction is to finalize
+** (delete, truncate or zero the first part of) the journal file (or
 ** delete the super-journal file if specified).
 **
 ** Note that if zSuper==NULL, this does not overwrite a previous value
@@ -6404,7 +6452,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
   /* Provide the ability to easily simulate an I/O error during testing */
   if( sqlite3FaultSim(400) ) return SQLITE_IOERR;
 
-  PAGERTRACE(("DATABASE SYNC: File=%s zSuper=%s nSize=%d\n", 
+  PAGERTRACE(("DATABASE SYNC: File=%s zSuper=%s nSize=%d\n",
       pPager->zFilename, zSuper, pPager->dbSize));
 
   /* If no database changes have been made, return early. */
@@ -6455,11 +6503,11 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE
       /* The following block updates the change-counter. Exactly how it
       ** does this depends on whether or not the atomic-update optimization
-      ** was enabled at compile time, and if this transaction meets the 
-      ** runtime criteria to use the operation: 
+      ** was enabled at compile time, and if this transaction meets the
+      ** runtime criteria to use the operation:
       **
       **    * The file-system supports the atomic-write property for
-      **      blocks of size page-size, and 
+      **      blocks of size page-size, and
       **    * This commit is not part of a multi-file transaction, and
       **    * Exactly one page has been modified and store in the journal file.
       **
@@ -6469,7 +6517,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
       ** is not applicable to this transaction, call sqlite3JournalCreate()
       ** to make sure the journal file has actually been created, then call
       ** pager_incr_changecounter() to update the change-counter in indirect
-      ** mode. 
+      ** mode.
       **
       ** Otherwise, if the optimization is both enabled and applicable,
       ** then call pager_incr_changecounter() to update the change-counter
@@ -6478,19 +6526,19 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
       */
       if( bBatch==0 ){
         PgHdr *pPg;
-        assert( isOpen(pPager->jfd) 
-            || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
-            || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL 
+        assert( isOpen(pPager->jfd)
+            || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
+            || pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
             );
-        if( !zSuper && isOpen(pPager->jfd) 
-         && pPager->journalOff==jrnlBufferSize(pPager) 
+        if( !zSuper && isOpen(pPager->jfd)
+         && pPager->journalOff==jrnlBufferSize(pPager)
          && pPager->dbSize>=pPager->dbOrigSize
          && (!(pPg = sqlite3PcacheDirtyList(pPager->pPCache)) || 0==pPg->pDirty)
         ){
-          /* Update the db file change counter via the direct-write method. The 
-          ** following call will modify the in-memory representation of page 1 
-          ** to include the updated change counter and then write page 1 
-          ** directly to the database file. Because of the atomic-write 
+          /* Update the db file change counter via the direct-write method. The
+          ** following call will modify the in-memory representation of page 1
+          ** to include the updated change counter and then write page 1
+          ** directly to the database file. Because of the atomic-write
           ** property of the host file-system, this is safe.
           */
           rc = pager_incr_changecounter(pPager, 1);
@@ -6512,24 +6560,24 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
       rc = pager_incr_changecounter(pPager, 0);
 #endif /* !SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE */
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto commit_phase_one_exit;
-  
+ 
       /* Write the super-journal name into the journal file. If a
-      ** super-journal file name has already been written to the journal file, 
+      ** super-journal file name has already been written to the journal file,
       ** or if zSuper is NULL (no super-journal), then this call is a no-op.
       */
       rc = writeSuperJournal(pPager, zSuper);
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto commit_phase_one_exit;
-  
+ 
       /* Sync the journal file and write all dirty pages to the database.
-      ** If the atomic-update optimization is being used, this sync will not 
+      ** If the atomic-update optimization is being used, this sync will not
       ** create the journal file or perform any real IO.
       **
       ** Because the change-counter page was just modified, unless the
       ** atomic-update optimization is used it is almost certain that the
       ** journal requires a sync here. However, in locking_mode=exclusive
-      ** on a system under memory pressure it is just possible that this is 
+      ** on a system under memory pressure it is just possible that this is
       ** not the case. In this case it is likely enough that the redundant
-      ** xSync() call will be changed to a no-op by the OS anyhow. 
+      ** xSync() call will be changed to a no-op by the OS anyhow.
       */
       rc = syncJournal(pPager, 0);
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto commit_phase_one_exit;
@@ -6540,6 +6588,13 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
         rc = sqlite3OsFileControl(fd, SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE, 0);
         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
           rc = pager_write_pagelist(pPager, pList);
+          if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pPager->dbSize>pPager->dbFileSize ){
+            char *pTmp = pPager->pTmpSpace;
+            int szPage = (int)pPager->pageSize;
+            memset(pTmp, 0, szPage);
+            rc = sqlite3OsWrite(pPager->fd, pTmp, szPage,
+                      ((i64)pPager->dbSize*pPager->pageSize)-szPage);
+          }
           if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
             rc = sqlite3OsFileControl(fd, SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE, 0);
           }
@@ -6570,7 +6625,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
       }
       sqlite3PcacheCleanAll(pPager->pPCache);
 
-      /* If the file on disk is smaller than the database image, use 
+      /* If the file on disk is smaller than the database image, use
       ** pager_truncate to grow the file here. This can happen if the database
       ** image was extended as part of the current transaction and then the
       ** last page in the db image moved to the free-list. In this case the
@@ -6582,7 +6637,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
         rc = pager_truncate(pPager, nNew);
         if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto commit_phase_one_exit;
       }
-  
+ 
       /* Finally, sync the database file. */
       if( !noSync ){
         rc = sqlite3PagerSync(pPager, zSuper);
@@ -6602,12 +6657,12 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseOne(
 /*
 ** When this function is called, the database file has been completely
 ** updated to reflect the changes made by the current transaction and
-** synced to disk. The journal file still exists in the file-system 
+** synced to disk. The journal file still exists in the file-system
 ** though, and if a failure occurs at this point it will eventually
 ** be used as a hot-journal and the current transaction rolled back.
 **
-** This function finalizes the journal file, either by deleting, 
-** truncating or partially zeroing it, so that it cannot be used 
+** This function finalizes the journal file, either by deleting,
+** truncating or partially zeroing it, so that it cannot be used
 ** for hot-journal rollback. Once this is done the transaction is
 ** irrevocably committed.
 **
@@ -6633,15 +6688,15 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseTwo(Pager *pPager){
   ** this transaction, the pager is running in exclusive-mode and is
   ** using persistent journals, then this function is a no-op.
   **
-  ** The start of the journal file currently contains a single journal 
+  ** The start of the journal file currently contains a single journal
   ** header with the nRec field set to 0. If such a journal is used as
   ** a hot-journal during hot-journal rollback, 0 changes will be made
-  ** to the database file. So there is no need to zero the journal 
+  ** to the database file. So there is no need to zero the journal
   ** header. Since the pager is in exclusive mode, there is no need
   ** to drop any locks either.
   */
-  if( pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED 
-   && pPager->exclusiveMode 
+  if( pPager->eState==PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED
+   && pPager->exclusiveMode
    && pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST
   ){
     assert( pPager->journalOff==JOURNAL_HDR_SZ(pPager) || !pPager->journalOff );
@@ -6655,7 +6710,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseTwo(Pager *pPager){
 }
 
 /*
-** If a write transaction is open, then all changes made within the 
+** If a write transaction is open, then all changes made within the
 ** transaction are reverted and the current write-transaction is closed.
 ** The pager falls back to PAGER_READER state if successful, or PAGER_ERROR
 ** state if an error occurs.
@@ -6665,14 +6720,14 @@ int sqlite3PagerCommitPhaseTwo(Pager *pPager){
 **
 ** Otherwise, in rollback mode, this function performs two functions:
 **
-**   1) It rolls back the journal file, restoring all database file and 
+**   1) It rolls back the journal file, restoring all database file and
 **      in-memory cache pages to the state they were in when the transaction
 **      was opened, and
 **
 **   2) It finalizes the journal file, so that it is not used for hot
 **      rollback at any point in the future.
 **
-** Finalization of the journal file (task 2) is only performed if the 
+** Finalization of the journal file (task 2) is only performed if the
 ** rollback is successful.
 **
 ** In WAL mode, all cache-entries containing data modified within the
@@ -6685,7 +6740,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerRollback(Pager *pPager){
   PAGERTRACE(("ROLLBACK %d\n", PAGERID(pPager)));
 
   /* PagerRollback() is a no-op if called in READER or OPEN state. If
-  ** the pager is already in the ERROR state, the rollback is not 
+  ** the pager is already in the ERROR state, the rollback is not
   ** attempted here. Instead, the error code is returned to the caller.
   */
   assert( assert_pager_state(pPager) );
@@ -6701,7 +6756,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerRollback(Pager *pPager){
     int eState = pPager->eState;
     rc = pager_end_transaction(pPager, 0, 0);
     if( !MEMDB && eState>PAGER_WRITER_LOCKED ){
-      /* This can happen using journal_mode=off. Move the pager to the error 
+      /* This can happen using journal_mode=off. Move the pager to the error
       ** state to indicate that the contents of the cache may not be trusted.
       ** Any active readers will get SQLITE_ABORT.
       */
@@ -6716,7 +6771,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerRollback(Pager *pPager){
 
   assert( pPager->eState==PAGER_READER || rc!=SQLITE_OK );
   assert( rc==SQLITE_OK || rc==SQLITE_FULL || rc==SQLITE_CORRUPT
-          || rc==SQLITE_NOMEM || (rc&0xFF)==SQLITE_IOERR 
+          || rc==SQLITE_NOMEM || (rc&0xFF)==SQLITE_IOERR
           || rc==SQLITE_CANTOPEN
   );
 
@@ -6790,8 +6845,8 @@ int *sqlite3PagerStats(Pager *pPager){
 ** it was added later.
 **
 ** Before returning, *pnVal is incremented by the
-** current cache hit or miss count, according to the value of eStat. If the 
-** reset parameter is non-zero, the cache hit or miss count is zeroed before 
+** current cache hit or miss count, according to the value of eStat. If the
+** reset parameter is non-zero, the cache hit or miss count is zeroed before
 ** returning.
 */
 void sqlite3PagerCacheStat(Pager *pPager, int eStat, int reset, int *pnVal){
@@ -6827,7 +6882,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerIsMemdb(Pager *pPager){
 ** to make up the difference. If the number of savepoints is already
 ** equal to nSavepoint, then this function is a no-op.
 **
-** If a memory allocation fails, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. If an error 
+** If a memory allocation fails, SQLITE_NOMEM is returned. If an error
 ** occurs while opening the sub-journal file, then an IO error code is
 ** returned. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
 */
@@ -6842,7 +6897,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int pagerOpenSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int nSavepoint){
   assert( nSavepoint>nCurrent && pPager->useJournal );
 
   /* Grow the Pager.aSavepoint array using realloc(). Return SQLITE_NOMEM
-  ** if the allocation fails. Otherwise, zero the new portion in case a 
+  ** if the allocation fails. Otherwise, zero the new portion in case a
   ** malloc failure occurs while populating it in the for(...) loop below.
   */
   aNew = (PagerSavepoint *)sqlite3Realloc(
@@ -6891,7 +6946,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpenSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int nSavepoint){
 
 /*
 ** This function is called to rollback or release (commit) a savepoint.
-** The savepoint to release or rollback need not be the most recently 
+** The savepoint to release or rollback need not be the most recently
 ** created savepoint.
 **
 ** Parameter op is always either SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK or SAVEPOINT_RELEASE.
@@ -6899,29 +6954,29 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpenSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int nSavepoint){
 ** index iSavepoint. If it is SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, then rollback all changes
 ** that have occurred since the specified savepoint was created.
 **
-** The savepoint to rollback or release is identified by parameter 
+** The savepoint to rollback or release is identified by parameter
 ** iSavepoint. A value of 0 means to operate on the outermost savepoint
 ** (the first created). A value of (Pager.nSavepoint-1) means operate
 ** on the most recently created savepoint. If iSavepoint is greater than
 ** (Pager.nSavepoint-1), then this function is a no-op.
 **
 ** If a negative value is passed to this function, then the current
-** transaction is rolled back. This is different to calling 
+** transaction is rolled back. This is different to calling
 ** sqlite3PagerRollback() because this function does not terminate
-** the transaction or unlock the database, it just restores the 
-** contents of the database to its original state. 
+** the transaction or unlock the database, it just restores the
+** contents of the database to its original state.
 **
-** In any case, all savepoints with an index greater than iSavepoint 
+** In any case, all savepoints with an index greater than iSavepoint
 ** are destroyed. If this is a release operation (op==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE),
 ** then savepoint iSavepoint is also destroyed.
 **
 ** This function may return SQLITE_NOMEM if a memory allocation fails,
-** or an IO error code if an IO error occurs while rolling back a 
+** or an IO error code if an IO error occurs while rolling back a
 ** savepoint. If no errors occur, SQLITE_OK is returned.
-*/ 
+*/
 int sqlite3PagerSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int op, int iSavepoint){
   int rc = pPager->errCode;
-  
+ 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_ZIPVFS
   if( op==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE ) rc = SQLITE_OK;
 #endif
@@ -6934,7 +6989,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int op, int iSavepoint){
     int nNew;          /* Number of remaining savepoints after this op. */
 
     /* Figure out how many savepoints will still be active after this
-    ** operation. Store this value in nNew. Then free resources associated 
+    ** operation. Store this value in nNew. Then free resources associated
     ** with any savepoints that are destroyed by this operation.
     */
     nNew = iSavepoint + (( op==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE ) ? 0 : 1);
@@ -6967,14 +7022,14 @@ int sqlite3PagerSavepoint(Pager *pPager, int op, int iSavepoint){
       rc = pagerPlaybackSavepoint(pPager, pSavepoint);
       assert(rc!=SQLITE_DONE);
     }
-    
+   
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_ZIPVFS
-    /* If the cache has been modified but the savepoint cannot be rolled 
+    /* If the cache has been modified but the savepoint cannot be rolled
     ** back journal_mode=off, put the pager in the error state. This way,
     ** if the VFS used by this pager includes ZipVFS, the entire transaction
     ** can be rolled back at the ZipVFS level.  */
-    else if( 
-        pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF 
+    else if(
+        pPager->journalMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
      && pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_CACHEMOD
     ){
       pPager->errCode = SQLITE_ABORT;
@@ -7063,8 +7118,8 @@ const char *sqlite3PagerJournalname(Pager *pPager){
 ** transaction is active).
 **
 ** If the fourth argument, isCommit, is non-zero, then this page is being
-** moved as part of a database reorganization just before the transaction 
-** is being committed. In this case, it is guaranteed that the database page 
+** moved as part of a database reorganization just before the transaction
+** is being committed. In this case, it is guaranteed that the database page
 ** pPg refers to will not be written to again within this transaction.
 **
 ** This function may return SQLITE_NOMEM or an IO error code if an error
@@ -7092,7 +7147,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerMovepage(Pager *pPager, DbPage *pPg, Pgno pgno, int isCommit){
   }
 
   /* If the page being moved is dirty and has not been saved by the latest
-  ** savepoint, then save the current contents of the page into the 
+  ** savepoint, then save the current contents of the page into the
   ** sub-journal now. This is required to handle the following scenario:
   **
   **   BEGIN;
@@ -7115,7 +7170,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerMovepage(Pager *pPager, DbPage *pPg, Pgno pgno, int isCommit){
     return rc;
   }
 
-  PAGERTRACE(("MOVE %d page %d (needSync=%d) moves to %d\n", 
+  PAGERTRACE(("MOVE %d page %d (needSync=%d) moves to %d\n",
       PAGERID(pPager), pPg->pgno, (pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC)?1:0, pgno));
   IOTRACE(("MOVE %p %d %d\n", pPager, pPg->pgno, pgno))
 
@@ -7123,7 +7178,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerMovepage(Pager *pPager, DbPage *pPg, Pgno pgno, int isCommit){
   ** be written to, store pPg->pgno in local variable needSyncPgno.
   **
   ** If the isCommit flag is set, there is no need to remember that
-  ** the journal needs to be sync()ed before database page pPg->pgno 
+  ** the journal needs to be sync()ed before database page pPg->pgno
   ** can be written to. The caller has already promised not to write to it.
   */
   if( (pPg->flags&PGHDR_NEED_SYNC) && !isCommit ){
@@ -7134,8 +7189,8 @@ int sqlite3PagerMovepage(Pager *pPager, DbPage *pPg, Pgno pgno, int isCommit){
   }
 
   /* If the cache contains a page with page-number pgno, remove it
-  ** from its hash chain. Also, if the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag was set for 
-  ** page pgno before the 'move' operation, it needs to be retained 
+  ** from its hash chain. Also, if the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC flag was set for
+  ** page pgno before the 'move' operation, it needs to be retained
   ** for the page moved there.
   */
   pPg->flags &= ~PGHDR_NEED_SYNC;
@@ -7170,9 +7225,9 @@ int sqlite3PagerMovepage(Pager *pPager, DbPage *pPg, Pgno pgno, int isCommit){
   }
 
   if( needSyncPgno ){
-    /* If needSyncPgno is non-zero, then the journal file needs to be 
+    /* If needSyncPgno is non-zero, then the journal file needs to be
     ** sync()ed before any data is written to database file page needSyncPgno.
-    ** Currently, no such page exists in the page-cache and the 
+    ** Currently, no such page exists in the page-cache and the
     ** "is journaled" bitvec flag has been set. This needs to be remedied by
     ** loading the page into the pager-cache and setting the PGHDR_NEED_SYNC
     ** flag.
@@ -7203,9 +7258,9 @@ int sqlite3PagerMovepage(Pager *pPager, DbPage *pPg, Pgno pgno, int isCommit){
 #endif
 
 /*
-** The page handle passed as the first argument refers to a dirty page 
-** with a page number other than iNew. This function changes the page's 
-** page number to iNew and sets the value of the PgHdr.flags field to 
+** The page handle passed as the first argument refers to a dirty page
+** with a page number other than iNew. This function changes the page's
+** page number to iNew and sets the value of the PgHdr.flags field to
 ** the value passed as the third parameter.
 */
 void sqlite3PagerRekey(DbPage *pPg, Pgno iNew, u16 flags){
@@ -7223,7 +7278,7 @@ void *sqlite3PagerGetData(DbPage *pPg){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return a pointer to the Pager.nExtra bytes of "extra" space 
+** Return a pointer to the Pager.nExtra bytes of "extra" space
 ** allocated along with the specified page.
 */
 void *sqlite3PagerGetExtra(DbPage *pPg){
@@ -7232,7 +7287,7 @@ void *sqlite3PagerGetExtra(DbPage *pPg){
 
 /*
 ** Get/set the locking-mode for this pager. Parameter eMode must be one
-** of PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_QUERY, PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_NORMAL or 
+** of PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_QUERY, PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_NORMAL or
 ** PAGER_LOCKINGMODE_EXCLUSIVE. If the parameter is not _QUERY, then
 ** the locking-mode is set to the value specified.
 **
@@ -7306,7 +7361,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSetJournalMode(Pager *pPager, int eMode){
     assert( pPager->eState!=PAGER_ERROR );
     pPager->journalMode = (u8)eMode;
 
-    /* When transistioning from TRUNCATE or PERSIST to any other journal
+    /* When transitioning from TRUNCATE or PERSIST to any other journal
     ** mode except WAL, unless the pager is in locking_mode=exclusive mode,
     ** delete the journal file.
     */
@@ -7351,7 +7406,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSetJournalMode(Pager *pPager, int eMode){
         }
         assert( state==pPager->eState );
       }
-    }else if( eMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF ){
+    }else if( eMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF || eMode==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY ){
       sqlite3OsClose(pPager->jfd);
     }
   }
@@ -7479,7 +7534,7 @@ static int pagerExclusiveLock(Pager *pPager){
   eOrigLock = pPager->eLock;
   rc = pagerLockDb(pPager, EXCLUSIVE_LOCK);
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
-    /* If the attempt to grab the exclusive lock failed, release the 
+    /* If the attempt to grab the exclusive lock failed, release the
     ** pending lock that may have been obtained instead.  */
     pagerUnlockDb(pPager, eOrigLock);
   }
@@ -7488,7 +7543,7 @@ static int pagerExclusiveLock(Pager *pPager){
 }
 
 /*
-** Call sqlite3WalOpen() to open the WAL handle. If the pager is in 
+** Call sqlite3WalOpen() to open the WAL handle. If the pager is in
 ** exclusive-locking mode when this function is called, take an EXCLUSIVE
 ** lock on the database file and use heap-memory to store the wal-index
 ** in. Otherwise, use the normal shared-memory.
@@ -7499,8 +7554,8 @@ static int pagerOpenWal(Pager *pPager){
   assert( pPager->pWal==0 && pPager->tempFile==0 );
   assert( pPager->eLock==SHARED_LOCK || pPager->eLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK );
 
-  /* If the pager is already in exclusive-mode, the WAL module will use 
-  ** heap-memory for the wal-index instead of the VFS shared-memory 
+  /* If the pager is already in exclusive-mode, the WAL module will use
+  ** heap-memory for the wal-index instead of the VFS shared-memory
   ** implementation. Take the exclusive lock now, before opening the WAL
   ** file, to make sure this is safe.
   */
@@ -7508,7 +7563,7 @@ static int pagerOpenWal(Pager *pPager){
     rc = pagerExclusiveLock(pPager);
   }
 
-  /* Open the connection to the log file. If this operation fails, 
+  /* Open the connection to the log file. If this operation fails,
   ** (e.g. due to malloc() failure), return an error code.
   */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -7530,7 +7585,7 @@ static int pagerOpenWal(Pager *pPager){
 ** If the pager passed as the first argument is open on a real database
 ** file (not a temp file or an in-memory database), and the WAL file
 ** is not already open, make an attempt to open it now. If successful,
-** return SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs or the VFS used by the pager does 
+** return SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs or the VFS used by the pager does
 ** not support the xShmXXX() methods, return an error code. *pbOpen is
 ** not modified in either case.
 **
@@ -7572,7 +7627,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerOpenWal(
 ** This function is called to close the connection to the log file prior
 ** to switching from WAL to rollback mode.
 **
-** Before closing the log file, this function attempts to take an 
+** Before closing the log file, this function attempts to take an
 ** EXCLUSIVE lock on the database file. If this cannot be obtained, an
 ** error (SQLITE_BUSY) is returned and the log connection is not closed.
 ** If successful, the EXCLUSIVE lock is not released before returning.
@@ -7598,7 +7653,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCloseWal(Pager *pPager, sqlite3 *db){
       rc = pagerOpenWal(pPager);
     }
   }
-    
+   
   /* Checkpoint and close the log. Because an EXCLUSIVE lock is held on
   ** the database file, the log and log-summary files will be deleted.
   */
@@ -7618,7 +7673,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerCloseWal(Pager *pPager, sqlite3 *db){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT
 /*
 ** If pager pPager is a wal-mode database not in exclusive locking mode,
-** invoke the sqlite3WalWriteLock() function on the associated Wal object 
+** invoke the sqlite3WalWriteLock() function on the associated Wal object
 ** with the same db and bLock parameters as were passed to this function.
 ** Return an SQLite error code if an error occurs, or SQLITE_OK otherwise.
 */
@@ -7631,7 +7686,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerWalWriteLock(Pager *pPager, int bLock){
 }
 
 /*
-** Set the database handle used by the wal layer to determine if 
+** Set the database handle used by the wal layer to determine if
 ** blocking locks are required.
 */
 void sqlite3PagerWalDb(Pager *pPager, sqlite3 *db){
@@ -7656,11 +7711,11 @@ int sqlite3PagerSnapshotGet(Pager *pPager, sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot){
 
 /*
 ** If this is a WAL database, store a pointer to pSnapshot. Next time a
-** read transaction is opened, attempt to read from the snapshot it 
+** read transaction is opened, attempt to read from the snapshot it
 ** identifies. If this is not a WAL database, return an error.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerSnapshotOpen(
-  Pager *pPager, 
+  Pager *pPager,
   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
 ){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
@@ -7673,7 +7728,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSnapshotOpen(
 }
 
 /*
-** If this is a WAL database, call sqlite3WalSnapshotRecover(). If this 
+** If this is a WAL database, call sqlite3WalSnapshotRecover(). If this
 ** is not a WAL database, return an error.
 */
 int sqlite3PagerSnapshotRecover(Pager *pPager){
@@ -7690,7 +7745,7 @@ int sqlite3PagerSnapshotRecover(Pager *pPager){
 ** The caller currently has a read transaction open on the database.
 ** If this is not a WAL database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. Otherwise,
 ** this function takes a SHARED lock on the CHECKPOINTER slot and then
-** checks if the snapshot passed as the second argument is still 
+** checks if the snapshot passed as the second argument is still
 ** available. If so, SQLITE_OK is returned.
 **
 ** If the snapshot is not available, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. Or, if
@@ -7734,4 +7789,10 @@ int sqlite3PagerWalFramesize(Pager *pPager){
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+int sqlite3PagerWalSystemErrno(Pager *pPager){
+  return sqlite3WalSystemErrno(pPager->pWal);
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/pager.h b/sqlite/src/pager.h
index eb130609..044c2573 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/pager.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/pager.h
@@ -240,4 +240,8 @@ void sqlite3PagerRekey(DbPage*, Pgno, u16);
 # define enable_simulated_io_errors()
 #endif
 
+#if defined(SQLITE_USE_SEH) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WAL)
+int sqlite3PagerWalSystemErrno(Pager*);
+#endif
+
 #endif /* SQLITE_PAGER_H */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/parse.y b/sqlite/src/parse.y
index 541b9ffe..19491192 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/parse.y
+++ b/sqlite/src/parse.y
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 ** The canonical source code to this file ("parse.y") is a Lemon grammar 
 ** file that specifies the input grammar and actions to take while parsing.
 ** That input file is processed by Lemon to generate a C-language 
-** implementation of a parser for the given grammer.  You might be reading
+** implementation of a parser for the given grammar.  You might be reading
 ** this comment as part of the translated C-code.  Edits should be made
 ** to the original parse.y sources.
 */
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ ecmd ::= SEMI.
 ecmd ::= cmdx SEMI.
 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
 ecmd ::= explain cmdx SEMI.       {NEVER-REDUCE}
-explain ::= EXPLAIN.              { pParse->explain = 1; }
-explain ::= EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.   { pParse->explain = 2; }
+explain ::= EXPLAIN.              { if( pParse->pReprepare==0 ) pParse->explain = 1; }
+explain ::= EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.   { if( pParse->pReprepare==0 ) pParse->explain = 2; }
 %endif  SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
 cmdx ::= cmd.           { sqlite3FinishCoding(pParse); }
 
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ columnname(A) ::= nm(A) typetoken(Y). {sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,A,Y);}
 %wildcard ANY.
 
 // Define operator precedence early so that this is the first occurrence
-// of the operator tokens in the grammer.  Keeping the operators together
+// of the operator tokens in the grammar.  Keeping the operators together
 // causes them to be assigned integer values that are close together,
 // which keeps parser tables smaller.
 //
@@ -554,12 +554,11 @@ select(A) ::= WITH wqlist(W) selectnowith(X). {A = attachWithToSelect(pParse,X,W
 select(A) ::= WITH RECURSIVE wqlist(W) selectnowith(X).
                                               {A = attachWithToSelect(pParse,X,W);}
 %endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_CTE */
-select(A) ::= selectnowith(X). {
-  Select *p = X;
+select(A) ::= selectnowith(A). {
+  Select *p = A;
   if( p ){
     parserDoubleLinkSelect(pParse, p);
   }
-  A = p; /*A-overwrites-X*/
 }
 
 selectnowith(A) ::= oneselect(A).
@@ -655,14 +654,17 @@ selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) scanpt(B) expr(X) scanpt(Z) as(Y).     {
    if( Y.n>0 ) sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, A, &Y, 1);
    sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(pParse,A,B,Z);
 }
-selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) scanpt STAR. {
+selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) scanpt STAR(X). {
   Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(pParse->db, TK_ASTERISK, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSetErrorOffset(p, (int)(X.z - pParse->zTail));
   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, A, p);
 }
-selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) scanpt nm(X) DOT STAR. {
-  Expr *pRight = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ASTERISK, 0, 0);
-  Expr *pLeft = tokenExpr(pParse, TK_ID, X);
-  Expr *pDot = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, pLeft, pRight);
+selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) scanpt nm(X) DOT STAR(Y). {
+  Expr *pRight, *pLeft, *pDot;
+  pRight = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ASTERISK, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSetErrorOffset(pRight, (int)(Y.z - pParse->zTail));
+  pLeft = tokenExpr(pParse, TK_ID, X);
+  pDot = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, pLeft, pRight);
   A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,A, pDot);
 }
 
@@ -1142,6 +1144,10 @@ expr(A) ::= CAST LP expr(E) AS typetoken(T) RP. {
 expr(A) ::= idj(X) LP distinct(D) exprlist(Y) RP. {
   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, Y, &X, D);
 }
+expr(A) ::= idj(X) LP distinct(D) exprlist(Y) ORDER BY sortlist(O) RP. {
+  A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, Y, &X, D);
+  sqlite3ExprAddFunctionOrderBy(pParse, A, O);
+}
 expr(A) ::= idj(X) LP STAR RP. {
   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, 0, &X, 0);
 }
@@ -1151,6 +1157,11 @@ expr(A) ::= idj(X) LP distinct(D) exprlist(Y) RP filter_over(Z). {
   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, Y, &X, D);
   sqlite3WindowAttach(pParse, A, Z);
 }
+expr(A) ::= idj(X) LP distinct(D) exprlist(Y) ORDER BY sortlist(O) RP filter_over(Z). {
+  A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, Y, &X, D);
+  sqlite3WindowAttach(pParse, A, Z);
+  sqlite3ExprAddFunctionOrderBy(pParse, A, O);
+}
 expr(A) ::= idj(X) LP STAR RP filter_over(Z). {
   A = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, 0, &X, 0);
   sqlite3WindowAttach(pParse, A, Z);
@@ -1758,7 +1769,7 @@ wqlist(A) ::= wqlist(A) COMMA wqitem(X). {
 %ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
 %type windowdefn_list {Window*}
 %destructor windowdefn_list {sqlite3WindowListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
-windowdefn_list(A) ::= windowdefn(Z). { A = Z; }
+windowdefn_list(A) ::= windowdefn(A).
 windowdefn_list(A) ::= windowdefn_list(Y) COMMA windowdefn(Z). {
   assert( Z!=0 );
   sqlite3WindowChain(pParse, Z, Y);
@@ -1814,9 +1825,7 @@ window(A) ::= ORDER BY sortlist(Y) frame_opt(Z). {
 window(A) ::= nm(W) ORDER BY sortlist(Y) frame_opt(Z). {
   A = sqlite3WindowAssemble(pParse, Z, 0, Y, &W);
 }
-window(A) ::= frame_opt(Z). {
-  A = Z;
-}
+window(A) ::= frame_opt(A).
 window(A) ::= nm(W) frame_opt(Z). {
   A = sqlite3WindowAssemble(pParse, Z, 0, 0, &W);
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/src/pcache.c b/sqlite/src/pcache.c
index 8a96cbea..2974b081 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/pcache.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/pcache.c
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ struct PCache {
 ** Return 1 if pPg is on the dirty list for pCache.  Return 0 if not.
 ** This routine runs inside of assert() statements only.
 */
-#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPENSIVE_ASSERT)
 static int pageOnDirtyList(PCache *pCache, PgHdr *pPg){
   PgHdr *p;
   for(p=pCache->pDirty; p; p=p->pDirtyNext){
@@ -115,6 +115,16 @@ static int pageOnDirtyList(PCache *pCache, PgHdr *pPg){
   }
   return 0;
 }
+static int pageNotOnDirtyList(PCache *pCache, PgHdr *pPg){
+  PgHdr *p;
+  for(p=pCache->pDirty; p; p=p->pDirtyNext){
+    if( p==pPg ) return 0;
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+#else
+# define pageOnDirtyList(A,B)    1
+# define pageNotOnDirtyList(A,B) 1
 #endif
 
 /*
@@ -135,7 +145,7 @@ int sqlite3PcachePageSanity(PgHdr *pPg){
   assert( pCache!=0 );      /* Every page has an associated PCache */
   if( pPg->flags & PGHDR_CLEAN ){
     assert( (pPg->flags & PGHDR_DIRTY)==0 );/* Cannot be both CLEAN and DIRTY */
-    assert( !pageOnDirtyList(pCache, pPg) );/* CLEAN pages not on dirty list */
+    assert( pageNotOnDirtyList(pCache, pPg) );/* CLEAN pages not on dirtylist */
   }else{
     assert( (pPg->flags & PGHDR_DIRTY)!=0 );/* If not CLEAN must be DIRTY */
     assert( pPg->pDirtyNext==0 || pPg->pDirtyNext->pDirtyPrev==pPg );
@@ -271,7 +281,7 @@ static int numberOfCachePages(PCache *p){
     return p->szCache;
   }else{
     i64 n;
-    /* IMPLEMANTATION-OF: R-59858-46238 If the argument N is negative, then the
+    /* IMPLEMENTATION-OF: R-59858-46238 If the argument N is negative, then the
     ** number of cache pages is adjusted to be a number of pages that would
     ** use approximately abs(N*1024) bytes of memory based on the current
     ** page size. */
@@ -759,7 +769,7 @@ static PgHdr *pcacheMergeDirtyList(PgHdr *pA, PgHdr *pB){
 }
 
 /*
-** Sort the list of pages in accending order by pgno.  Pages are
+** Sort the list of pages in ascending order by pgno.  Pages are
 ** connected by pDirty pointers.  The pDirtyPrev pointers are
 ** corrupted by this sort.
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/src/pcache1.c b/sqlite/src/pcache1.c
index adbe9539..1591f014 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/pcache1.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/pcache1.c
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@
 **
 ** The third case is a chunk of heap memory (defaulting to 100 pages worth)
 ** that is allocated when the page cache is created.  The size of the local
-** bulk allocation can be adjusted using 
+** bulk allocation can be adjusted using
 **
 **     sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE, (void*)0, 0, N).
 **
 ** If N is positive, then N pages worth of memory are allocated using a single
 ** sqlite3Malloc() call and that memory is used for the first N pages allocated.
 ** Or if N is negative, then -1024*N bytes of memory are allocated and used
-** for as many pages as can be accomodated.
+** for as many pages as can be accommodated.
 **
 ** Only one of (2) or (3) can be used.  Once the memory available to (2) or
 ** (3) is exhausted, subsequent allocations fail over to the general-purpose
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ typedef struct PgFreeslot PgFreeslot;
 typedef struct PGroup PGroup;
 
 /*
-** Each cache entry is represented by an instance of the following 
+** Each cache entry is represented by an instance of the following
 ** structure. A buffer of PgHdr1.pCache->szPage bytes is allocated
 ** directly before this structure and is used to cache the page content.
 **
@@ -100,12 +100,12 @@ typedef struct PGroup PGroup;
 ** overrun area, so that overreads are harmless.
 **
 ** Variables isBulkLocal and isAnchor were once type "u8". That works,
-** but causes a 2-byte gap in the structure for most architectures (since 
+** but causes a 2-byte gap in the structure for most architectures (since
 ** pointers must be either 4 or 8-byte aligned). As this structure is located
 ** in memory directly after the associated page data, if the database is
-** corrupt, code at the b-tree layer may overread the page buffer and 
+** corrupt, code at the b-tree layer may overread the page buffer and
 ** read part of this structure before the corruption is detected. This
-** can cause a valgrind error if the unitialized gap is accessed. Using u16
+** can cause a valgrind error if the uninitialized gap is accessed. Using u16
 ** ensures there is no such gap, and therefore no bytes of uninitialized
 ** memory in the structure.
 **
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ struct PgHdr1 {
 #define PAGE_IS_PINNED(p)    ((p)->pLruNext==0)
 #define PAGE_IS_UNPINNED(p)  ((p)->pLruNext!=0)
 
-/* Each page cache (or PCache) belongs to a PGroup.  A PGroup is a set 
+/* Each page cache (or PCache) belongs to a PGroup.  A PGroup is a set
 ** of one or more PCaches that are able to recycle each other's unpinned
 ** pages when they are under memory pressure.  A PGroup is an instance of
 ** the following object.
@@ -169,13 +169,13 @@ struct PGroup {
 ** temporary or transient database) has a single page cache which
 ** is an instance of this object.
 **
-** Pointers to structures of this type are cast and returned as 
+** Pointers to structures of this type are cast and returned as
 ** opaque sqlite3_pcache* handles.
 */
 struct PCache1 {
   /* Cache configuration parameters. Page size (szPage) and the purgeable
   ** flag (bPurgeable) and the pnPurgeable pointer are all set when the
-  ** cache is created and are never changed thereafter. nMax may be 
+  ** cache is created and are never changed thereafter. nMax may be
   ** modified at any time by a call to the pcache1Cachesize() method.
   ** The PGroup mutex must be held when accessing nMax.
   */
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ static SQLITE_WSD struct PCacheGlobal {
   */
   int isInit;                    /* True if initialized */
   int separateCache;             /* Use a new PGroup for each PCache */
-  int nInitPage;                 /* Initial bulk allocation size */   
+  int nInitPage;                 /* Initial bulk allocation size */
   int szSlot;                    /* Size of each free slot */
   int nSlot;                     /* The number of pcache slots */
   int nReserve;                  /* Try to keep nFreeSlot above this */
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ static SQLITE_WSD struct PCacheGlobal {
 
 
 /*
-** This function is called during initialization if a static buffer is 
+** This function is called during initialization if a static buffer is
 ** supplied to use for the page-cache by passing the SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE
 ** verb to sqlite3_config(). Parameter pBuf points to an allocation large
 ** enough to contain 'n' buffers of 'sz' bytes each.
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@ static int pcache1InitBulk(PCache1 *pCache){
 
 /*
 ** Malloc function used within this file to allocate space from the buffer
-** configured using sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE) option. If no 
-** such buffer exists or there is no space left in it, this function falls 
+** configured using sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE) option. If no
+** such buffer exists or there is no space left in it, this function falls
 ** back to sqlite3Malloc().
 **
 ** Multiple threads can run this routine at the same time.  Global variables
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ static PgHdr1 *pcache1AllocPage(PCache1 *pCache, int benignMalloc){
   }else{
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
     /* The group mutex must be released before pcache1Alloc() is called. This
-    ** is because it might call sqlite3_release_memory(), which assumes that 
+    ** is because it might call sqlite3_release_memory(), which assumes that
     ** this mutex is not held. */
     assert( pcache1.separateCache==0 );
     assert( pCache->pGroup==&pcache1.grp );
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ static void pcache1ResizeHash(PCache1 *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is used internally to remove the page pPage from the 
+** This function is used internally to remove the page pPage from the
 ** PGroup LRU list, if is part of it. If pPage is not part of the PGroup
 ** LRU list, then this function is a no-op.
 **
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ static PgHdr1 *pcache1PinPage(PgHdr1 *pPage){
 
 
 /*
-** Remove the page supplied as an argument from the hash table 
+** Remove the page supplied as an argument from the hash table
 ** (PCache1.apHash structure) that it is currently stored in.
 ** Also free the page if freePage is true.
 **
@@ -637,8 +637,8 @@ static void pcache1EnforceMaxPage(PCache1 *pCache){
 }
 
 /*
-** Discard all pages from cache pCache with a page number (key value) 
-** greater than or equal to iLimit. Any pinned pages that meet this 
+** Discard all pages from cache pCache with a page number (key value)
+** greater than or equal to iLimit. Any pinned pages that meet this
 ** criteria are unpinned before they are discarded.
 **
 ** The PCache mutex must be held when this function is called.
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ static void pcache1TruncateUnsafe(
     PgHdr1 **pp;
     PgHdr1 *pPage;
     assert( h<pCache->nHash );
-    pp = &pCache->apHash[h]; 
+    pp = &pCache->apHash[h];
     while( (pPage = *pp)!=0 ){
       if( pPage->iKey>=iLimit ){
         pCache->nPage--;
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ static int pcache1Init(void *NotUsed){
   **
   **   *  Use a unified cache in single-threaded applications that have
   **      configured a start-time buffer for use as page-cache memory using
-  **      sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE, pBuf, sz, N) with non-NULL 
+  **      sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE, pBuf, sz, N) with non-NULL
   **      pBuf argument.
   **
   **   *  Otherwise use separate caches (mode-1)
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ static int pcache1Init(void *NotUsed){
 
 /*
 ** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xShutdown method.
-** Note that the static mutex allocated in xInit does 
+** Note that the static mutex allocated in xInit does
 ** not need to be freed.
 */
 static void pcache1Shutdown(void *NotUsed){
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ static sqlite3_pcache *pcache1Create(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable){
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xCachesize method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xCachesize method.
 **
 ** Configure the cache_size limit for a cache.
 */
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ static void pcache1Cachesize(sqlite3_pcache *p, int nMax){
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xShrink method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xShrink method.
 **
 ** Free up as much memory as possible.
 */
@@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ static void pcache1Shrink(sqlite3_pcache *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xPagecount method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xPagecount method.
 */
 static int pcache1Pagecount(sqlite3_pcache *p){
   int n;
@@ -872,8 +872,8 @@ static int pcache1Pagecount(sqlite3_pcache *p){
 ** for these steps, the main pcache1Fetch() procedure can run faster.
 */
 static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
-  PCache1 *pCache, 
-  unsigned int iKey, 
+  PCache1 *pCache,
+  unsigned int iKey,
   int createFlag
 ){
   unsigned int nPinned;
@@ -915,8 +915,8 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
     }
   }
 
-  /* Step 5. If a usable page buffer has still not been found, 
-  ** attempt to allocate a new one. 
+  /* Step 5. If a usable page buffer has still not been found,
+  ** attempt to allocate a new one.
   */
   if( !pPage ){
     pPage = pcache1AllocPage(pCache, createFlag==1);
@@ -941,13 +941,13 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xFetch method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xFetch method.
 **
 ** Fetch a page by key value.
 **
 ** Whether or not a new page may be allocated by this function depends on
 ** the value of the createFlag argument.  0 means do not allocate a new
-** page.  1 means allocate a new page if space is easily available.  2 
+** page.  1 means allocate a new page if space is easily available.  2
 ** means to try really hard to allocate a new page.
 **
 ** For a non-purgeable cache (a cache used as the storage for an in-memory
@@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
 ** There are three different approaches to obtaining space for a page,
 ** depending on the value of parameter createFlag (which may be 0, 1 or 2).
 **
-**   1. Regardless of the value of createFlag, the cache is searched for a 
+**   1. Regardless of the value of createFlag, the cache is searched for a
 **      copy of the requested page. If one is found, it is returned.
 **
 **   2. If createFlag==0 and the page is not already in the cache, NULL is
@@ -972,13 +972,13 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
 **           PCache1.nMax, or
 **
 **       (b) the number of pages pinned by the cache is greater than
-**           the sum of nMax for all purgeable caches, less the sum of 
+**           the sum of nMax for all purgeable caches, less the sum of
 **           nMin for all other purgeable caches, or
 **
 **   4. If none of the first three conditions apply and the cache is marked
 **      as purgeable, and if one of the following is true:
 **
-**       (a) The number of pages allocated for the cache is already 
+**       (a) The number of pages allocated for the cache is already
 **           PCache1.nMax, or
 **
 **       (b) The number of pages allocated for all purgeable caches is
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
 **
 **      then attempt to recycle a page from the LRU list. If it is the right
 **      size, return the recycled buffer. Otherwise, free the buffer and
-**      proceed to step 5. 
+**      proceed to step 5.
 **
 **   5. Otherwise, allocate and return a new page buffer.
 **
@@ -1000,8 +1000,8 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchStage2(
 ** invokes the appropriate routine.
 */
 static PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchNoMutex(
-  sqlite3_pcache *p, 
-  unsigned int iKey, 
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  unsigned int iKey,
   int createFlag
 ){
   PCache1 *pCache = (PCache1 *)p;
@@ -1030,8 +1030,8 @@ static PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchNoMutex(
 }
 #if PCACHE1_MIGHT_USE_GROUP_MUTEX
 static PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchWithMutex(
-  sqlite3_pcache *p, 
-  unsigned int iKey, 
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  unsigned int iKey,
   int createFlag
 ){
   PCache1 *pCache = (PCache1 *)p;
@@ -1045,8 +1045,8 @@ static PgHdr1 *pcache1FetchWithMutex(
 }
 #endif
 static sqlite3_pcache_page *pcache1Fetch(
-  sqlite3_pcache *p, 
-  unsigned int iKey, 
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  unsigned int iKey,
   int createFlag
 ){
 #if PCACHE1_MIGHT_USE_GROUP_MUTEX || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
@@ -1076,18 +1076,18 @@ static sqlite3_pcache_page *pcache1Fetch(
 ** Mark a page as unpinned (eligible for asynchronous recycling).
 */
 static void pcache1Unpin(
-  sqlite3_pcache *p, 
-  sqlite3_pcache_page *pPg, 
+  sqlite3_pcache *p,
+  sqlite3_pcache_page *pPg,
   int reuseUnlikely
 ){
   PCache1 *pCache = (PCache1 *)p;
   PgHdr1 *pPage = (PgHdr1 *)pPg;
   PGroup *pGroup = pCache->pGroup;
- 
+
   assert( pPage->pCache==pCache );
   pcache1EnterMutex(pGroup);
 
-  /* It is an error to call this function if the page is already 
+  /* It is an error to call this function if the page is already
   ** part of the PGroup LRU list.
   */
   assert( pPage->pLruNext==0 );
@@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ static void pcache1Unpin(
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xRekey method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xRekey method.
 */
 static void pcache1Rekey(
   sqlite3_pcache *p,
@@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ static void pcache1Rekey(
   PCache1 *pCache = (PCache1 *)p;
   PgHdr1 *pPage = (PgHdr1 *)pPg;
   PgHdr1 **pp;
-  unsigned int hOld, hNew; 
+  unsigned int hOld, hNew;
   assert( pPage->iKey==iOld );
   assert( pPage->pCache==pCache );
   assert( iOld!=iNew );               /* The page number really is changing */
@@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ static void pcache1Rekey(
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xTruncate method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xTruncate method.
 **
 ** Discard all unpinned pages in the cache with a page number equal to
 ** or greater than parameter iLimit. Any pinned pages with a page number
@@ -1164,7 +1164,7 @@ static void pcache1Truncate(sqlite3_pcache *p, unsigned int iLimit){
 }
 
 /*
-** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xDestroy method. 
+** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xDestroy method.
 **
 ** Destroy a cache allocated using pcache1Create().
 */
@@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3Pcache1Mutex(void){
 ** by the current thread may be sqlite3_free()ed.
 **
 ** nReq is the number of bytes of memory required. Once this much has
-** been released, the function returns. The return value is the total number 
+** been released, the function returns. The return value is the total number
 ** of bytes of memory released.
 */
 int sqlite3PcacheReleaseMemory(int nReq){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/pragma.c b/sqlite/src/pragma.c
index 68a15318..90076b0c 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/pragma.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/pragma.c
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@
 ** that includes the PragType_XXXX macro definitions and the aPragmaName[]
 ** object.  This ensures that the aPragmaName[] table is arranged in
 ** lexicographical order to facility a binary search of the pragma name.
-** Do not edit pragma.h directly.  Edit and rerun the script in at 
+** Do not edit pragma.h directly.  Edit and rerun the script in at
 ** ../tool/mkpragmatab.tcl. */
 #include "pragma.h"
 
 /*
 ** Interpret the given string as a safety level.  Return 0 for OFF,
-** 1 for ON or NORMAL, 2 for FULL, and 3 for EXTRA.  Return 1 for an empty or 
+** 1 for ON or NORMAL, 2 for FULL, and 3 for EXTRA.  Return 1 for an empty or
 ** unrecognized string argument.  The FULL and EXTRA option is disallowed
 ** if the omitFull parameter it 1.
 **
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ static int getLockingMode(const char *z){
 /*
 ** Interpret the given string as an auto-vacuum mode value.
 **
-** The following strings, "none", "full" and "incremental" are 
+** The following strings, "none", "full" and "incremental" are
 ** acceptable, as are their numeric equivalents: 0, 1 and 2 respectively.
 */
 static int getAutoVacuum(const char *z){
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ static const char *actionName(u8 action){
     case OE_SetDflt:  zName = "SET DEFAULT";     break;
     case OE_Cascade:  zName = "CASCADE";         break;
     case OE_Restrict: zName = "RESTRICT";        break;
-    default:          zName = "NO ACTION";  
+    default:          zName = "NO ACTION"; 
                       assert( action==OE_None ); break;
   }
   return zName;
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ static void pragmaFunclistLine(
   int isBuiltin,         /* True if this is a built-in function */
   int showInternFuncs    /* True if showing internal functions */
 ){
-  u32 mask = 
+  u32 mask =
       SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC |
       SQLITE_DIRECTONLY |
       SQLITE_SUBTYPE |
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ static void pragmaFunclistLine(
      && showInternFuncs==0
     ){
       continue;
-    }    
+    }   
     if( p->xValue!=0 ){
       zType = "w";
     }else if( p->xFinalize!=0 ){
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ static int integrityCheckResultRow(Vdbe *v){
 }
 
 /*
-** Process a pragma statement.  
+** Process a pragma statement. 
 **
 ** Pragmas are of this form:
 **
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ static int integrityCheckResultRow(Vdbe *v){
 ** id and pId2 is any empty string.
 */
 void sqlite3Pragma(
-  Parse *pParse, 
+  Parse *pParse,
   Token *pId1,        /* First part of [schema.]id field */
   Token *pId2,        /* Second part of [schema.]id field, or NULL */
   Token *pValue,      /* Token for <value>, or NULL */
@@ -407,8 +407,8 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   if( iDb<0 ) return;
   pDb = &db->aDb[iDb];
 
-  /* If the temp database has been explicitly named as part of the 
-  ** pragma, make sure it is open. 
+  /* If the temp database has been explicitly named as part of the
+  ** pragma, make sure it is open.
   */
   if( iDb==1 && sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(pParse) ){
     return;
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   }
 
   /* Register the result column names for pragmas that return results */
-  if( (pPragma->mPragFlg & PragFlg_NoColumns)==0 
+  if( (pPragma->mPragFlg & PragFlg_NoColumns)==0
    && ((pPragma->mPragFlg & PragFlg_NoColumns1)==0 || zRight==0)
   ){
     setPragmaResultColumnNames(v, pPragma);
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
 
   /* Jump to the appropriate pragma handler */
   switch( pPragma->ePragTyp ){
-  
+ 
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED)
   /*
   **  PRAGMA [schema.]default_cache_size
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   **  PRAGMA [schema.]max_page_count=N
   **
   ** The first form reports the current setting for the
-  ** maximum number of pages in the database file.  The 
+  ** maximum number of pages in the database file.  The
   ** second form attempts to change this setting.  Both
   ** forms return the current setting.
   **
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
       */
       rc = sqlite3BtreeSetAutoVacuum(pBt, eAuto);
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK && (eAuto==1 || eAuto==2) ){
-        /* When setting the auto_vacuum mode to either "full" or 
+        /* When setting the auto_vacuum mode to either "full" or
         ** "incremental", write the value of meta[6] in the database
         ** file. Before writing to meta[6], check that meta[3] indicates
         ** that this really is an auto-vacuum capable database.
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   **
   ** The first form reports the current local setting for the
   ** page cache spill size. The second form turns cache spill on
-  ** or off.  When turnning cache spill on, the size is set to the
+  ** or off.  When turning cache spill on, the size is set to the
   ** current cache_size.  The third form sets a spill size that
   ** may be different form the cache size.
   ** If N is positive then that is the
@@ -873,7 +873,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
     assert( sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, iDb, 0) );
     if( !zRight ){
       returnSingleInt(v,
-         (db->flags & SQLITE_CacheSpill)==0 ? 0 : 
+         (db->flags & SQLITE_CacheSpill)==0 ? 0 :
             sqlite3BtreeSetSpillSize(pDb->pBt,0));
     }else{
       int size = 1;
@@ -1053,7 +1053,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
       Pager *pPager = sqlite3BtreePager(pDb->pBt);
       char *proxy_file_path = NULL;
       sqlite3_file *pFile = sqlite3PagerFile(pPager);
-      sqlite3OsFileControlHint(pFile, SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
+      sqlite3OsFileControlHint(pFile, SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE,
                            &proxy_file_path);
       returnSingleText(v, proxy_file_path);
     }else{
@@ -1061,10 +1061,10 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
       sqlite3_file *pFile = sqlite3PagerFile(pPager);
       int res;
       if( zRight[0] ){
-        res=sqlite3OsFileControl(pFile, SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
+        res=sqlite3OsFileControl(pFile, SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE,
                                      zRight);
       } else {
-        res=sqlite3OsFileControl(pFile, SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE, 
+        res=sqlite3OsFileControl(pFile, SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE,
                                      NULL);
       }
       if( res!=SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -1074,8 +1074,8 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
     }
     break;
   }
-#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */      
-    
+#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */     
+   
   /*
   **   PRAGMA [schema.]synchronous
   **   PRAGMA [schema.]synchronous=OFF|ON|NORMAL|FULL|EXTRA
@@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
       returnSingleInt(v, pDb->safety_level-1);
     }else{
       if( !db->autoCommit ){
-        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
             "Safety level may not be changed inside a transaction");
       }else if( iDb!=1 ){
         int iLevel = (getSafetyLevel(zRight,0,1)+1) & PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_MASK;
@@ -1124,7 +1124,11 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
 #endif
 
       if( sqlite3GetBoolean(zRight, 0) ){
-        db->flags |= mask;
+        if( (mask & SQLITE_WriteSchema)==0
+         || (db->flags & SQLITE_Defensive)==0
+        ){
+          db->flags |= mask;
+        }
       }else{
         db->flags &= ~mask;
         if( mask==SQLITE_DeferFKs ) db->nDeferredImmCons = 0;
@@ -1138,7 +1142,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
         }
       }
 
-      /* Many of the flag-pragmas modify the code generated by the SQL 
+      /* Many of the flag-pragmas modify the code generated by the SQL
       ** compiler (eg. count_changes). So add an opcode to expire all
       ** compiled SQL statements after modifying a pragma value.
       */
@@ -1465,7 +1469,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
       pFK = pTab->u.tab.pFKey;
       if( pFK ){
         int iTabDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);
-        int i = 0; 
+        int i = 0;
         pParse->nMem = 8;
         sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(pParse, iTabDb);
         while(pFK){
@@ -1562,8 +1566,8 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
         addrOk = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
 
         /* Generate code to read the child key values into registers
-        ** regRow..regRow+n. If any of the child key values are NULL, this 
-        ** row cannot cause an FK violation. Jump directly to addrOk in 
+        ** regRow..regRow+n. If any of the child key values are NULL, this
+        ** row cannot cause an FK violation. Jump directly to addrOk in
         ** this case. */
         sqlite3TouchRegister(pParse, regRow + pFK->nCol);
         for(j=0; j<pFK->nCol; j++){
@@ -1629,12 +1633,12 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   **
   ** Verify the integrity of the database.
   **
-  ** The "quick_check" is reduced version of 
+  ** The "quick_check" is reduced version of
   ** integrity_check designed to detect most database corruption
   ** without the overhead of cross-checking indexes.  Quick_check
-  ** is linear time wherease integrity_check is O(NlogN).
+  ** is linear time whereas integrity_check is O(NlogN).
   **
-  ** The maximum nubmer of errors is 100 by default.  A different default
+  ** The maximum number of errors is 100 by default.  A different default
   ** can be specified using a numeric parameter N.
   **
   ** Or, the parameter N can be the name of a table.  In that case, only
@@ -1757,8 +1761,31 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
         int r2;                 /* Previous key for WITHOUT ROWID tables */
         int mxCol;              /* Maximum non-virtual column number */
 
-        if( !IsOrdinaryTable(pTab) ) continue;
         if( pObjTab && pObjTab!=pTab ) continue;
+        if( !IsOrdinaryTable(pTab) ){
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+          sqlite3_vtab *pVTab;
+          int a1;
+          if( !IsVirtual(pTab) ) continue;
+          if( pTab->nCol<=0 ){
+            const char *zMod = pTab->u.vtab.azArg[0];
+            if( sqlite3HashFind(&db->aModule, zMod)==0 ) continue;
+          }
+          sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(pParse, pTab);
+          if( pTab->u.vtab.p==0 ) continue;
+          pVTab = pTab->u.vtab.p->pVtab;
+          if( NEVER(pVTab==0) ) continue;
+          if( NEVER(pVTab->pModule==0) ) continue;
+          if( pVTab->pModule->iVersion<4 ) continue;
+          if( pVTab->pModule->xIntegrity==0 ) continue;
+          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_VCheck, i, 3, isQuick);
+          sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pTab, P4_TABLE);
+          a1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IsNull, 3); VdbeCoverage(v);
+          integrityCheckResultRow(v);
+          sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, a1);
+#endif
+          continue;
+        }
         if( isQuick || HasRowid(pTab) ){
           pPk = 0;
           r2 = 0;
@@ -1770,7 +1797,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
         sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(pParse, pTab, OP_OpenRead, 0,
                                    1, 0, &iDataCur, &iIdxCur);
         /* reg[7] counts the number of entries in the table.
-        ** reg[8+i] counts the number of entries in the i-th index 
+        ** reg[8+i] counts the number of entries in the i-th index
         */
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, 7);
         for(j=0, pIdx=pTab->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext, j++){
@@ -1795,7 +1822,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
           if( mxCol==pTab->iPKey ) mxCol--;
         }else{
           /* COLFLAG_VIRTUAL columns are not included in the WITHOUT ROWID
-          ** PK index column-count, so there is no need to account for them 
+          ** PK index column-count, so there is no need to account for them
           ** in this case. */
           mxCol = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab)->nColumn-1;
         }
@@ -1895,7 +1922,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
               sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, p1, p3, 3);
               jmp3 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, 3, labelOk);
               VdbeCoverage(v);
-            }            
+            }           
             zErr = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "NULL value in %s.%s", pTab->zName,
                                 pCol->zCnName);
             sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_String8, 0, 3, 0, zErr, P4_DYNAMIC);
@@ -1967,7 +1994,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
             for(k=pCheck->nExpr-1; k>0; k--){
               sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pCheck->a[k].pExpr, addrCkFault, 0);
             }
-            sqlite3ExprIfTrue(pParse, pCheck->a[0].pExpr, addrCkOk, 
+            sqlite3ExprIfTrue(pParse, pCheck->a[0].pExpr, addrCkOk,
                 SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
             sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrCkFault);
             pParse->iSelfTab = 0;
@@ -2037,7 +2064,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
               sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, jmp5-1);
               sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, jmp6);
             }
-              
+             
             /* For UNIQUE indexes, verify that only one entry exists with the
             ** current key.  The entry is unique if (1) any column is NULL
             ** or (2) the next entry has a different key */
@@ -2082,7 +2109,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
             sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, r2, pPk->nKeyCol);
           }
         }
-      } 
+      }
     }
     {
       static const int iLn = VDBE_OFFSET_LINENO(2);
@@ -2124,7 +2151,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   ** encoding that will be used for the main database file if a new file
   ** is created. If an existing main database file is opened, then the
   ** default text encoding for the existing database is used.
-  ** 
+  **
   ** In all cases new databases created using the ATTACH command are
   ** created to use the same default text encoding as the main database. If
   ** the main database has not been initialized and/or created when ATTACH
@@ -2312,8 +2339,8 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
     if( zRight ){
       sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(db, sqlite3Atoi(zRight));
     }
-    returnSingleInt(v, 
-       db->xWalCallback==sqlite3WalDefaultHook ? 
+    returnSingleInt(v,
+       db->xWalCallback==sqlite3WalDefaultHook ?
            SQLITE_PTR_TO_INT(db->pWalArg) : 0);
   }
   break;
@@ -2353,7 +2380,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   **    0x0002    Run ANALYZE on tables that might benefit.  On by default.
   **              See below for additional information.
   **
-  **    0x0004    (Not yet implemented) Record usage and performance 
+  **    0x0004    (Not yet implemented) Record usage and performance
   **              information from the current session in the
   **              database file so that it will be available to "optimize"
   **              pragmas run by future database connections.
@@ -2364,7 +2391,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   ** The default MASK is and always shall be 0xfffe.  0xfffe means perform all
   ** of the optimizations listed above except Debug Mode, including new
   ** optimizations that have not yet been invented.  If new optimizations are
-  ** ever added that should be off by default, those off-by-default 
+  ** ever added that should be off by default, those off-by-default
   ** optimizations will have bitmasks of 0x10000 or larger.
   **
   ** DETERMINATION OF WHEN TO RUN ANALYZE
@@ -2392,7 +2419,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
     Schema *pSchema;       /* The current schema */
     Table *pTab;           /* A table in the schema */
     Index *pIdx;           /* An index of the table */
-    LogEst szThreshold;    /* Size threshold above which reanalysis is needd */
+    LogEst szThreshold;    /* Size threshold above which reanalysis needed */
     char *zSubSql;         /* SQL statement for the OP_SqlExec opcode */
     u32 opMask;            /* Mask of operations to perform */
 
@@ -2425,7 +2452,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
         }
         if( szThreshold ){
           sqlite3OpenTable(pParse, iTabCur, iDb, pTab, OP_OpenRead);
-          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_IfSmaller, iTabCur, 
+          sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_IfSmaller, iTabCur,
                          sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+2+(opMask&1), szThreshold);
           VdbeCoverage(v);
         }
@@ -2559,7 +2586,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
       pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
       if( pBt==0 || sqlite3BtreePager(pBt)==0 ){
         zState = "closed";
-      }else if( sqlite3_file_control(db, i ? db->aDb[i].zDbSName : 0, 
+      }else if( sqlite3_file_control(db, i ? db->aDb[i].zDbSName : 0,
                                      SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE, &j)==SQLITE_OK ){
          zState = azLockName[j];
       }
@@ -2583,7 +2610,7 @@ void sqlite3Pragma(
   /* The following block is a no-op unless SQLITE_DEBUG is defined. Its only
   ** purpose is to execute assert() statements to verify that if the
   ** PragFlg_NoColumns1 flag is set and the caller specified an argument
-  ** to the PRAGMA, the implementation has not added any OP_ResultRow 
+  ** to the PRAGMA, the implementation has not added any OP_ResultRow
   ** instructions to the VM.  */
   if( (pPragma->mPragFlg & PragFlg_NoColumns1) && zRight ){
     sqlite3VdbeVerifyNoResultRow(v);
@@ -2614,7 +2641,7 @@ struct PragmaVtabCursor {
   char *azArg[2];           /* Value of the argument and schema */
 };
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Pragma virtual table module xConnect method.
 */
 static int pragmaVtabConnect(
@@ -2676,7 +2703,7 @@ static int pragmaVtabConnect(
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Pragma virtual table module xDisconnect method.
 */
 static int pragmaVtabDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
@@ -2774,11 +2801,11 @@ static int pragmaVtabNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor){
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Pragma virtual table module xFilter method.
 */
 static int pragmaVtabFilter(
-  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor, 
+  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor,
   int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
   int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
 ){
@@ -2833,11 +2860,11 @@ static int pragmaVtabEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor){
 }
 
 /* The xColumn method simply returns the corresponding column from
-** the PRAGMA.  
+** the PRAGMA. 
 */
 static int pragmaVtabColumn(
-  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor, 
-  sqlite3_context *ctx, 
+  sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor,
+  sqlite3_context *ctx,
   int i
 ){
   PragmaVtabCursor *pCsr = (PragmaVtabCursor*)pVtabCursor;
@@ -2850,7 +2877,7 @@ static int pragmaVtabColumn(
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Pragma virtual table module xRowid method.
 */
 static int pragmaVtabRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor, sqlite_int64 *p){
@@ -2884,7 +2911,8 @@ static const sqlite3_module pragmaVtabModule = {
   0,                           /* xSavepoint */
   0,                           /* xRelease */
   0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
-  0                            /* xShadowName */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/src/prepare.c b/sqlite/src/prepare.c
index ff482650..d3e134e7 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/prepare.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/prepare.c
@@ -598,8 +598,6 @@ void sqlite3ParseObjectReset(Parse *pParse){
   db->lookaside.sz = db->lookaside.bDisable ? 0 : db->lookaside.szTrue;
   assert( pParse->db->pParse==pParse );
   db->pParse = pParse->pOuterParse;
-  pParse->db = 0;
-  pParse->disableLookaside = 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -608,7 +606,7 @@ void sqlite3ParseObjectReset(Parse *pParse){
 ** immediately.
 **
 ** Use this mechanism for uncommon cleanups.  There is a higher setup
-** cost for this mechansim (an extra malloc), so it should not be used
+** cost for this mechanism (an extra malloc), so it should not be used
 ** for common cleanups that happen on most calls.  But for less
 ** common cleanups, we save a single NULL-pointer comparison in
 ** sqlite3ParseObjectReset(), which reduces the total CPU cycle count.
@@ -700,7 +698,12 @@ static int sqlite3Prepare(
   sParse.pOuterParse = db->pParse;
   db->pParse = &sParse;
   sParse.db = db;
-  sParse.pReprepare = pReprepare;
+  if( pReprepare ){
+    sParse.pReprepare = pReprepare;
+    sParse.explain = sqlite3_stmt_isexplain((sqlite3_stmt*)pReprepare);
+  }else{
+    assert( sParse.pReprepare==0 );
+  }
   assert( ppStmt && *ppStmt==0 );
   if( db->mallocFailed ){
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(&sParse, "out of memory");
diff --git a/sqlite/src/printf.c b/sqlite/src/printf.c
index 3e1782d4..3c0b182d 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/printf.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/printf.c
@@ -105,57 +105,6 @@ static const et_info fmtinfo[] = {
 **    %!S   Like %S but prefer the zName over the zAlias
 */
 
-/* Floating point constants used for rounding */
-static const double arRound[] = {
-  5.0e-01, 5.0e-02, 5.0e-03, 5.0e-04, 5.0e-05,
-  5.0e-06, 5.0e-07, 5.0e-08, 5.0e-09, 5.0e-10,
-};
-
-/*
-** If SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT is defined, then none of the floating point
-** conversions will work.
-*/
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
-/*
-** "*val" is a double such that 0.1 <= *val < 10.0
-** Return the ascii code for the leading digit of *val, then
-** multiply "*val" by 10.0 to renormalize.
-**
-** Example:
-**     input:     *val = 3.14159
-**     output:    *val = 1.4159    function return = '3'
-**
-** The counter *cnt is incremented each time.  After counter exceeds
-** 16 (the number of significant digits in a 64-bit float) '0' is
-** always returned.
-*/
-static char et_getdigit(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE *val, int *cnt){
-  int digit;
-  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE d;
-  if( (*cnt)<=0 ) return '0';
-  (*cnt)--;
-  digit = (int)*val;
-  d = digit;
-  digit += '0';
-  *val = (*val - d)*10.0;
-  return (char)digit;
-}
-#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT */
-
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
-/*
-** "*val" is a u64.  *msd is a divisor used to extract the
-** most significant digit of *val.  Extract that most significant
-** digit and return it.
-*/
-static char et_getdigit_int(u64 *val, u64 *msd){
-  u64 x = (*val)/(*msd);
-  *val -= x*(*msd);
-  if( *msd>=10 ) *msd /= 10;
-  return '0' + (char)(x & 15);
-}
-#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT */
-
 /*
 ** Set the StrAccum object to an error mode.
 */
@@ -247,20 +196,15 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
   u8 bArgList;               /* True for SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC */
   char prefix;               /* Prefix character.  "+" or "-" or " " or '\0'. */
   sqlite_uint64 longvalue;   /* Value for integer types */
-  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE realvalue; /* Value for real types */
-  sqlite_uint64 msd;         /* Divisor to get most-significant-digit
-                             ** of longvalue */
+  double realvalue;          /* Value for real types */
   const et_info *infop;      /* Pointer to the appropriate info structure */
   char *zOut;                /* Rendering buffer */
   int nOut;                  /* Size of the rendering buffer */
   char *zExtra = 0;          /* Malloced memory used by some conversion */
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
-  int  exp, e2;              /* exponent of real numbers */
-  int nsd;                   /* Number of significant digits returned */
-  double rounder;            /* Used for rounding floating point values */
+  int exp, e2;               /* exponent of real numbers */
   etByte flag_dp;            /* True if decimal point should be shown */
   etByte flag_rtz;           /* True if trailing zeros should be removed */
-#endif
+
   PrintfArguments *pArgList = 0; /* Arguments for SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC */
   char buf[etBUFSIZE];       /* Conversion buffer */
 
@@ -535,95 +479,62 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
         break;
       case etFLOAT:
       case etEXP:
-      case etGENERIC:
+      case etGENERIC: {
+        FpDecode s;
+        int iRound;
+        int j;
+
         if( bArgList ){
           realvalue = getDoubleArg(pArgList);
         }else{
           realvalue = va_arg(ap,double);
         }
-#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
-        length = 0;
-#else
         if( precision<0 ) precision = 6;         /* Set default precision */
 #ifdef SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT
         if( precision>SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT ){
           precision = SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT;
         }
 #endif
-        if( realvalue<0.0 ){
-          realvalue = -realvalue;
-          prefix = '-';
+        if( xtype==etFLOAT ){
+          iRound = -precision;
+        }else if( xtype==etGENERIC ){
+          iRound = precision;
         }else{
-          prefix = flag_prefix;
+          iRound = precision+1;
         }
-        exp = 0;
-        if( xtype==etGENERIC && precision>0 ) precision--;
-        testcase( precision>0xfff );
-        if( realvalue<1.0e+16
-         && realvalue==(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE)(longvalue = (u64)realvalue)
-        ){
-          /* Number is a pure integer that can be represented as u64 */
-          for(msd=1; msd*10<=longvalue; msd *= 10, exp++){}
-          if( exp>precision && xtype!=etFLOAT ){
-            u64 rnd = msd/2;
-            int kk = precision;
-            while( kk-- > 0 ){  rnd /= 10; }
-            longvalue += rnd;
-          }
-        }else{
-          msd = 0;
-          longvalue = 0;  /* To prevent a compiler warning */
-          idx = precision & 0xfff;
-          rounder = arRound[idx%10];
-          while( idx>=10 ){ rounder *= 1.0e-10; idx -= 10; }
-          if( xtype==etFLOAT ){
-            double rx = (double)realvalue;
-            sqlite3_uint64 u;
-            int ex;
-            memcpy(&u, &rx, sizeof(u));
-            ex = -1023 + (int)((u>>52)&0x7ff);
-            if( precision+(ex/3) < 15 ) rounder += realvalue*3e-16;
-            realvalue += rounder;
-          }
-          if( sqlite3IsNaN((double)realvalue) ){
-            if( flag_zeropad ){
-              bufpt = "null";
-              length = 4;
+        sqlite3FpDecode(&s, realvalue, iRound, flag_altform2 ? 26 : 16);
+        if( s.isSpecial ){
+          if( s.isSpecial==2 ){
+            bufpt = flag_zeropad ? "null" : "NaN";
+            length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
+            break;
+          }else if( flag_zeropad ){
+            s.z[0] = '9';
+            s.iDP = 1000;
+            s.n = 1;
+          }else{
+            memcpy(buf, "-Inf", 5);
+            bufpt = buf;
+            if( s.sign=='-' ){
+              /* no-op */
+            }else if( flag_prefix ){
+              buf[0] = flag_prefix;
             }else{
-              bufpt = "NaN";
-              length = 3;
+              bufpt++;
             }
+            length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
             break;
           }
-
-          /* Normalize realvalue to within 10.0 > realvalue >= 1.0 */
-          if( ALWAYS(realvalue>0.0) ){
-            LONGDOUBLE_TYPE scale = 1.0;
-            while( realvalue>=1e100*scale && exp<=350){ scale*=1e100;exp+=100;}
-            while( realvalue>=1e10*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale*=1e10; exp+=10; }
-            while( realvalue>=10.0*scale && exp<=350 ){ scale *= 10.0; exp++; }
-            realvalue /= scale;
-            while( realvalue<1e-8 ){ realvalue *= 1e8; exp-=8; }
-            while( realvalue<1.0 ){ realvalue *= 10.0; exp--; }
-            if( exp>350 ){
-              if( flag_zeropad ){
-                realvalue = 9.0;
-                exp = 999;
-              }else{
-                bufpt = buf;
-                buf[0] = prefix;
-                memcpy(buf+(prefix!=0),"Inf",4);
-                length = 3+(prefix!=0);
-                break;
-              }
-            }
-            if( xtype!=etFLOAT ){
-              realvalue += rounder;
-              if( realvalue>=10.0 ){ realvalue *= 0.1; exp++; }
-            }
-          }
+        }
+        if( s.sign=='-' ){
+          prefix = '-';
+        }else{
+          prefix = flag_prefix;
         }
 
+        exp = s.iDP-1;
+        if( xtype==etGENERIC && precision>0 ) precision--;
+
         /*
         ** If the field type is etGENERIC, then convert to either etEXP
         ** or etFLOAT, as appropriate.
@@ -642,9 +553,8 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
         if( xtype==etEXP ){
           e2 = 0;
         }else{
-          e2 = exp;
+          e2 = s.iDP - 1;
         }
-        nsd = 16 + flag_altform2*10;
         bufpt = buf;
         {
           i64 szBufNeeded;           /* Size of a temporary buffer needed */
@@ -662,16 +572,12 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
           *(bufpt++) = prefix;
         }
         /* Digits prior to the decimal point */
+        j = 0;
         if( e2<0 ){
           *(bufpt++) = '0';
-        }else if( msd>0 ){
-          for(; e2>=0; e2--){
-            *(bufpt++) = et_getdigit_int(&longvalue,&msd);
-            if( cThousand && (e2%3)==0 && e2>1 ) *(bufpt++) = ',';
-          }
         }else{
           for(; e2>=0; e2--){
-            *(bufpt++) = et_getdigit(&realvalue,&nsd);
+            *(bufpt++) = j<s.n ? s.z[j++] : '0';
             if( cThousand && (e2%3)==0 && e2>1 ) *(bufpt++) = ',';
           }
         }
@@ -681,19 +587,12 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
         }
         /* "0" digits after the decimal point but before the first
         ** significant digit of the number */
-        for(e2++; e2<0; precision--, e2++){
-          assert( precision>0 );
+        for(e2++; e2<0 && precision>0; precision--, e2++){
           *(bufpt++) = '0';
         }
         /* Significant digits after the decimal point */
-        if( msd>0 ){
-          while( (precision--)>0 ){
-            *(bufpt++) = et_getdigit_int(&longvalue,&msd);
-          }
-        }else{
-          while( (precision--)>0 ){
-            *(bufpt++) = et_getdigit(&realvalue,&nsd);
-          }
+        while( (precision--)>0 ){
+          *(bufpt++) = j<s.n ? s.z[j++] : '0';
         }
         /* Remove trailing zeros and the "." if no digits follow the "." */
         if( flag_rtz && flag_dp ){
@@ -709,6 +608,7 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
         }
         /* Add the "eNNN" suffix */
         if( xtype==etEXP ){
+          exp = s.iDP - 1;
           *(bufpt++) = aDigits[infop->charset];
           if( exp<0 ){
             *(bufpt++) = '-'; exp = -exp;
@@ -742,8 +642,8 @@ void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
           while( nPad-- ) bufpt[i++] = '0';
           length = width;
         }
-#endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT) */
         break;
+      }
       case etSIZE:
         if( !bArgList ){
           *(va_arg(ap,int*)) = pAccum->nChar;
@@ -1466,3 +1366,72 @@ void sqlite3_str_appendf(StrAccum *p, const char *zFormat, ...){
   sqlite3_str_vappendf(p, zFormat, ap);
   va_end(ap);
 }
+
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+** Reference counted string storage
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+** Increase the reference count of the string by one.
+**
+** The input parameter is returned.
+*/
+char *sqlite3RCStrRef(char *z){
+  RCStr *p = (RCStr*)z;
+  assert( p!=0 );
+  p--;
+  p->nRCRef++;
+  return z;
+}
+
+/*
+** Decrease the reference count by one.  Free the string when the
+** reference count reaches zero.
+*/
+void sqlite3RCStrUnref(void *z){
+  RCStr *p = (RCStr*)z;
+  assert( p!=0 );
+  p--;
+  assert( p->nRCRef>0 );
+  if( p->nRCRef>=2 ){
+    p->nRCRef--;
+  }else{
+    sqlite3_free(p);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Create a new string that is capable of holding N bytes of text, not counting
+** the zero byte at the end.  The string is uninitialized.
+**
+** The reference count is initially 1.  Call sqlite3RCStrUnref() to free the
+** newly allocated string.
+**
+** This routine returns 0 on an OOM.
+*/
+char *sqlite3RCStrNew(u64 N){
+  RCStr *p = sqlite3_malloc64( N + sizeof(*p) + 1 );
+  if( p==0 ) return 0;
+  p->nRCRef = 1;
+  return (char*)&p[1];
+}
+
+/*
+** Change the size of the string so that it is able to hold N bytes.
+** The string might be reallocated, so return the new allocation.
+*/
+char *sqlite3RCStrResize(char *z, u64 N){
+  RCStr *p = (RCStr*)z;
+  RCStr *pNew;
+  assert( p!=0 );
+  p--;
+  assert( p->nRCRef==1 );
+  pNew = sqlite3_realloc64(p, N+sizeof(RCStr)+1);
+  if( pNew==0 ){
+    sqlite3_free(p);
+    return 0;
+  }else{
+    return (char*)&pNew[1];
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/src/resolve.c b/sqlite/src/resolve.c
index adfcc8db..0072f6b6 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/resolve.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/resolve.c
@@ -104,21 +104,36 @@ static void resolveAlias(
 }
 
 /*
-** Subqueries stores the original database, table and column names for their
-** result sets in ExprList.a[].zSpan, in the form "DATABASE.TABLE.COLUMN".
-** Check to see if the zSpan given to this routine matches the zDb, zTab,
-** and zCol.  If any of zDb, zTab, and zCol are NULL then those fields will
-** match anything.
+** Subqueries store the original database, table and column names for their
+** result sets in ExprList.a[].zSpan, in the form "DATABASE.TABLE.COLUMN",
+** and mark the expression-list item by setting ExprList.a[].fg.eEName
+** to ENAME_TAB.
+**
+** Check to see if the zSpan/eEName of the expression-list item passed to this
+** routine matches the zDb, zTab, and zCol.  If any of zDb, zTab, and zCol are
+** NULL then those fields will match anything. Return true if there is a match,
+** or false otherwise.
+**
+** SF_NestedFrom subqueries also store an entry for the implicit rowid (or
+** _rowid_, or oid) column by setting ExprList.a[].fg.eEName to ENAME_ROWID,
+** and setting zSpan to "DATABASE.TABLE.<rowid-alias>". This type of pItem
+** argument matches if zCol is a rowid alias. If it is not NULL, (*pbRowid)
+** is set to 1 if there is this kind of match.
 */
 int sqlite3MatchEName(
   const struct ExprList_item *pItem,
   const char *zCol,
   const char *zTab,
-  const char *zDb
+  const char *zDb,
+  int *pbRowid
 ){
   int n;
   const char *zSpan;
-  if( pItem->fg.eEName!=ENAME_TAB ) return 0;
+  int eEName = pItem->fg.eEName;
+  if( eEName!=ENAME_TAB && (eEName!=ENAME_ROWID || NEVER(pbRowid==0)) ){
+    return 0;
+  }
+  assert( pbRowid==0 || *pbRowid==0 );
   zSpan = pItem->zEName;
   for(n=0; ALWAYS(zSpan[n]) && zSpan[n]!='.'; n++){}
   if( zDb && (sqlite3StrNICmp(zSpan, zDb, n)!=0 || zDb[n]!=0) ){
@@ -130,9 +145,11 @@ int sqlite3MatchEName(
     return 0;
   }
   zSpan += n+1;
-  if( zCol && sqlite3StrICmp(zSpan, zCol)!=0 ){
-    return 0;
+  if( zCol ){
+    if( eEName==ENAME_TAB && sqlite3StrICmp(zSpan, zCol)!=0 ) return 0;
+    if( eEName==ENAME_ROWID && sqlite3IsRowid(zCol)==0 ) return 0;
   }
+  if( eEName==ENAME_ROWID ) *pbRowid = 1;
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -166,7 +183,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3ExprColUsed(Expr *pExpr){
   pExTab = pExpr->y.pTab;
   assert( pExTab!=0 );
   if( (pExTab->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated)!=0
-   && (pExTab->aCol[n].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)!=0 
+   && (pExTab->aCol[n].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED)!=0
   ){
     testcase( pExTab->nCol==BMS-1 );
     testcase( pExTab->nCol==BMS );
@@ -230,7 +247,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int isValidSchemaTableName(
 
 /*
 ** Given the name of a column of the form X.Y.Z or Y.Z or just Z, look up
-** that name in the set of source tables in pSrcList and make the pExpr 
+** that name in the set of source tables in pSrcList and make the pExpr
 ** expression node refer back to that source column.  The following changes
 ** are made to pExpr:
 **
@@ -265,7 +282,7 @@ static int lookupName(
 ){
   int i, j;                         /* Loop counters */
   int cnt = 0;                      /* Number of matching column names */
-  int cntTab = 0;                   /* Number of matching table names */
+  int cntTab = 0;                   /* Number of potential "rowid" matches */
   int nSubquery = 0;                /* How many levels of subquery */
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;         /* The database connection */
   SrcItem *pItem;                   /* Use for looping over pSrcList items */
@@ -342,39 +359,49 @@ static int lookupName(
           assert( pEList!=0 );
           assert( pEList->nExpr==pTab->nCol );
           for(j=0; j<pEList->nExpr; j++){
-            if( !sqlite3MatchEName(&pEList->a[j], zCol, zTab, zDb) ){
+            int bRowid = 0;       /* True if possible rowid match */
+            if( !sqlite3MatchEName(&pEList->a[j], zCol, zTab, zDb, &bRowid) ){
               continue;
             }
-            if( cnt>0 ){
-              if( pItem->fg.isUsing==0
-               || sqlite3IdListIndex(pItem->u3.pUsing, zCol)<0
-              ){
-                /* Two or more tables have the same column name which is
-                ** not joined by USING.  This is an error.  Signal as much
-                ** by clearing pFJMatch and letting cnt go above 1. */
-                sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pFJMatch);
-                pFJMatch = 0;
-              }else
-              if( (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT)==0 ){
-                /* An INNER or LEFT JOIN.  Use the left-most table */
-                continue;
-              }else
-              if( (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT)==0 ){
-                /* A RIGHT JOIN.  Use the right-most table */
-                cnt = 0;
-                sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pFJMatch);
-                pFJMatch = 0;
-              }else{
-                /* For a FULL JOIN, we must construct a coalesce() func */
-                extendFJMatch(pParse, &pFJMatch, pMatch, pExpr->iColumn);
+            if( bRowid==0 ){
+              if( cnt>0 ){
+                if( pItem->fg.isUsing==0
+                 || sqlite3IdListIndex(pItem->u3.pUsing, zCol)<0
+                ){
+                  /* Two or more tables have the same column name which is
+                  ** not joined by USING.  This is an error.  Signal as much
+                  ** by clearing pFJMatch and letting cnt go above 1. */
+                  sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pFJMatch);
+                  pFJMatch = 0;
+                }else
+                if( (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT)==0 ){
+                  /* An INNER or LEFT JOIN.  Use the left-most table */
+                  continue;
+                }else
+                if( (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT)==0 ){
+                  /* A RIGHT JOIN.  Use the right-most table */
+                  cnt = 0;
+                  sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pFJMatch);
+                  pFJMatch = 0;
+                }else{
+                  /* For a FULL JOIN, we must construct a coalesce() func */
+                  extendFJMatch(pParse, &pFJMatch, pMatch, pExpr->iColumn);
+                }
               }
+              cnt++;
+              hit = 1;
+            }else if( cnt>0 ){
+              /* This is a potential rowid match, but there has already been
+              ** a real match found. So this can be ignored.  */
+              continue;
             }
-            cnt++;
-            cntTab = 2;
+            cntTab++;
             pMatch = pItem;
             pExpr->iColumn = j;
             pEList->a[j].fg.bUsed = 1;
-            hit = 1;
+
+            /* rowid cannot be part of a USING clause - assert() this. */
+            assert( bRowid==0 || pEList->a[j].fg.bUsingTerm==0 );
             if( pEList->a[j].fg.bUsingTerm ) break;
           }
           if( hit || zTab==0 ) continue;
@@ -454,7 +481,7 @@ static int lookupName(
     } /* if( pSrcList ) */
 
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT)
-    /* If we have not already resolved the name, then maybe 
+    /* If we have not already resolved the name, then maybe
     ** it is a new.* or old.* trigger argument reference.  Or
     ** maybe it is an excluded.* from an upsert.  Or maybe it is
     ** a reference in the RETURNING clause to a table being modified.
@@ -492,7 +519,7 @@ static int lookupName(
       }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT */
 
-      if( pTab ){ 
+      if( pTab ){
         int iCol;
         u8 hCol = sqlite3StrIHash(zCol);
         pSchema = pTab->pSchema;
@@ -569,10 +596,10 @@ static int lookupName(
      && pMatch
      && (pNC->ncFlags & (NC_IdxExpr|NC_GenCol))==0
      && sqlite3IsRowid(zCol)
-     && ALWAYS(VisibleRowid(pMatch->pTab))
+     && ALWAYS(VisibleRowid(pMatch->pTab) || pMatch->fg.isNestedFrom)
     ){
       cnt = 1;
-      pExpr->iColumn = -1;
+      if( pMatch->fg.isNestedFrom==0 ) pExpr->iColumn = -1;
       pExpr->affExpr = SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER;
     }
 
@@ -633,7 +660,7 @@ static int lookupName(
           }
           goto lookupname_end;
         }
-      } 
+      }
     }
 
     /* Advance to the next name context.  The loop will exit when either
@@ -824,7 +851,7 @@ Expr *sqlite3CreateColumnExpr(sqlite3 *db, SrcList *pSrc, int iSrc, int iCol){
 **
 ** static void notValid(
 **   Parse *pParse,       // Leave error message here
-**   NameContext *pNC,    // The name context 
+**   NameContext *pNC,    // The name context
 **   const char *zMsg,    // Type of error
 **   int validMask,       // Set of contexts for which prohibited
 **   Expr *pExpr          // Invalidate this expression on error
@@ -905,7 +932,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 
     /* The special operator TK_ROW means use the rowid for the first
     ** column in the FROM clause.  This is used by the LIMIT and ORDER BY
-    ** clause processing on UPDATE and DELETE statements, and by 
+    ** clause processing on UPDATE and DELETE statements, and by
     ** UPDATE ... FROM statement processing.
     */
     case TK_ROW: {
@@ -941,7 +968,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
       int anRef[8];
       NameContext *p;
       int i;
-      for(i=0, p=pNC; p && i<ArraySize(anRef); p=p->pNext, i++){ 
+      for(i=0, p=pNC; p && i<ArraySize(anRef); p=p->pNext, i++){
         anRef[i] = p->nRef;
       }
       sqlite3WalkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft);
@@ -966,7 +993,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
     ** Or a database, table and column:  ID.ID.ID
     **
     ** The TK_ID and TK_OUT cases are combined so that there will only
-    ** be one call to lookupName().  Then the compiler will in-line 
+    ** be one call to lookupName().  Then the compiler will in-line
     ** lookupName() for a size reduction and performance increase.
     */
     case TK_ID:
@@ -1025,6 +1052,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
       Window *pWin = (IsWindowFunc(pExpr) ? pExpr->y.pWin : 0);
 #endif
       assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_xIsSelect|EP_IntValue) );
+      assert( pExpr->pLeft==0 || pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
       zId = pExpr->u.zToken;
       pDef = sqlite3FindFunction(pParse->db, zId, n, enc, 0);
       if( pDef==0 ){
@@ -1057,7 +1085,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
             ** to likelihood(X,0.9375). */
             /* TUNING: unlikely() probability is 0.0625.  likely() is 0.9375 */
             pExpr->iTable = pDef->zName[0]=='u' ? 8388608 : 125829120;
-          }             
+          }            
         }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
         {
@@ -1119,11 +1147,11 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
           || (pDef->xValue && pDef->xInverse && pDef->xSFunc && pDef->xFinalize)
         );
         if( pDef && pDef->xValue==0 && pWin ){
-          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
               "%#T() may not be used as a window function", pExpr
           );
           pNC->nNcErr++;
-        }else if( 
+        }else if(
               (is_agg && (pNC->ncFlags & NC_AllowAgg)==0)
            || (is_agg && (pDef->funcFlags&SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW) && !pWin)
            || (is_agg && pWin && (pNC->ncFlags & NC_AllowWin)==0)
@@ -1159,13 +1187,17 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
         }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
         else if( is_agg==0 && ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
-          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
               "FILTER may not be used with non-aggregate %#T()",
               pExpr
           );
           pNC->nNcErr++;
         }
 #endif
+        else if( is_agg==0 && pExpr->pLeft ){
+          sqlite3ExprOrderByAggregateError(pParse, pExpr);
+          pNC->nNcErr++;
+        }
         if( is_agg ){
           /* Window functions may not be arguments of aggregate functions.
           ** Or arguments of other window functions. But aggregate functions
@@ -1184,6 +1216,11 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 #endif
       sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pList);
       if( is_agg ){
+        if( pExpr->pLeft ){
+          assert( pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
+          assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr->pLeft) );
+          sqlite3WalkExprList(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft->x.pList);
+        }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
         if( pWin ){
           Select *pSel = pNC->pWinSelect;
@@ -1209,7 +1246,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
           }
 #endif
           pNC2 = pNC;
-          while( pNC2 
+          while( pNC2
               && sqlite3ReferencesSrcList(pParse, pExpr, pNC2->pSrcList)==0
           ){
             pExpr->op2++;
@@ -1221,7 +1258,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
             assert( SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER==NC_OrderAgg );
             testcase( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX)!=0 );
             testcase( (pDef->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER)!=0 );
-            pNC2->ncFlags |= NC_HasAgg 
+            pNC2->ncFlags |= NC_HasAgg
               | ((pDef->funcFlags^SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER)
                   & (SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX|SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER));
           }
@@ -1229,7 +1266,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
         pNC->ncFlags |= savedAllowFlags;
       }
       /* FIX ME:  Compute pExpr->affinity based on the expected return
-      ** type of the function 
+      ** type of the function
       */
       return WRC_Prune;
     }
@@ -1318,7 +1355,7 @@ static int resolveExprStep(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
         sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "row value misused");
         sqlite3RecordErrorOffsetOfExpr(pParse->db, pExpr);
       }
-      break; 
+      break;
     }
   }
   assert( pParse->db->mallocFailed==0 || pParse->nErr!=0 );
@@ -1433,7 +1470,7 @@ static void resolveOutOfRangeError(
   int mx,                /* Largest permissible value of i */
   Expr *pError           /* Associate the error with the expression */
 ){
-  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
     "%r %s BY term out of range - should be "
     "between 1 and %d", i, zType, mx);
   sqlite3RecordErrorOffsetOfExpr(pParse->db, pError);
@@ -1499,7 +1536,7 @@ static int resolveCompoundOrderBy(
         iCol = resolveAsName(pParse, pEList, pE);
         if( iCol==0 ){
           /* Now test if expression pE matches one of the values returned
-          ** by pSelect. In the usual case this is done by duplicating the 
+          ** by pSelect. In the usual case this is done by duplicating the
           ** expression, resolving any symbols in it, and then comparing
           ** it against each expression returned by the SELECT statement.
           ** Once the comparisons are finished, the duplicate expression
@@ -1694,7 +1731,7 @@ static int resolveOrderGroupBy(
     }
     for(j=0; j<pSelect->pEList->nExpr; j++){
       if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0, pE, pSelect->pEList->a[j].pExpr, -1)==0 ){
-        /* Since this expresion is being changed into a reference
+        /* Since this expression is being changed into a reference
         ** to an identical expression in the result set, remove all Window
         ** objects belonging to the expression from the Select.pWin list. */
         windowRemoveExprFromSelect(pSelect, pE);
@@ -1718,7 +1755,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
   ExprList *pGroupBy;     /* The GROUP BY clause */
   Select *pLeftmost;      /* Left-most of SELECT of a compound */
   sqlite3 *db;            /* Database connection */
-  
+ 
 
   assert( p!=0 );
   if( p->selFlags & SF_Resolved ){
@@ -1747,10 +1784,8 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
   while( p ){
     assert( (p->selFlags & SF_Expanded)!=0 );
     assert( (p->selFlags & SF_Resolved)==0 );
-    assert( db->suppressErr==0 ); /* SF_Resolved not set if errors suppressed */
     p->selFlags |= SF_Resolved;
 
-
     /* Resolve the expressions in the LIMIT and OFFSET clauses. These
     ** are not allowed to refer to any names, so pass an empty NameContext.
     */
@@ -1774,7 +1809,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
       pSub->pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;
       p->pOrderBy = 0;
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Recursively resolve names in all subqueries in the FROM clause
     */
     for(i=0; i<p->pSrc->nSrc; i++){
@@ -1801,19 +1836,19 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
         }
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Set up the local name-context to pass to sqlite3ResolveExprNames() to
     ** resolve the result-set expression list.
     */
     sNC.ncFlags = NC_AllowAgg|NC_AllowWin;
     sNC.pSrcList = p->pSrc;
     sNC.pNext = pOuterNC;
-  
+ 
     /* Resolve names in the result set. */
     if( sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(&sNC, p->pEList) ) return WRC_Abort;
     sNC.ncFlags &= ~NC_AllowWin;
-  
-    /* If there are no aggregate functions in the result-set, and no GROUP BY 
+ 
+    /* If there are no aggregate functions in the result-set, and no GROUP BY
     ** expression, do not allow aggregates in any of the other expressions.
     */
     assert( (p->selFlags & SF_Aggregate)==0 );
@@ -1825,7 +1860,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
     }else{
       sNC.ncFlags &= ~NC_AllowAgg;
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Add the output column list to the name-context before parsing the
     ** other expressions in the SELECT statement. This is so that
     ** expressions in the WHERE clause (etc.) can refer to expressions by
@@ -1850,7 +1885,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
     for(i=0; i<p->pSrc->nSrc; i++){
       SrcItem *pItem = &p->pSrc->a[i];
       if( pItem->fg.isTabFunc
-       && sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(&sNC, pItem->u1.pFuncArg) 
+       && sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(&sNC, pItem->u1.pFuncArg)
       ){
         return WRC_Abort;
       }
@@ -1870,12 +1905,12 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
 #endif
 
     /* The ORDER BY and GROUP BY clauses may not refer to terms in
-    ** outer queries 
+    ** outer queries
     */
     sNC.pNext = 0;
     sNC.ncFlags |= NC_AllowAgg|NC_AllowWin;
 
-    /* If this is a converted compound query, move the ORDER BY clause from 
+    /* If this is a converted compound query, move the ORDER BY clause from
     ** the sub-query back to the parent query. At this point each term
     ** within the ORDER BY clause has been transformed to an integer value.
     ** These integers will be replaced by copies of the corresponding result
@@ -1906,13 +1941,13 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
       return WRC_Abort;
     }
     sNC.ncFlags &= ~NC_AllowWin;
-  
-    /* Resolve the GROUP BY clause.  At the same time, make sure 
+ 
+    /* Resolve the GROUP BY clause.  At the same time, make sure
     ** the GROUP BY clause does not contain aggregate functions.
     */
     if( pGroupBy ){
       struct ExprList_item *pItem;
-    
+   
       if( resolveOrderGroupBy(&sNC, p, pGroupBy, "GROUP") || db->mallocFailed ){
         return WRC_Abort;
       }
@@ -1954,7 +1989,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
 ** checking on function usage and set a flag if any aggregate functions
 ** are seen.
 **
-** To resolve table columns references we look for nodes (or subtrees) of the 
+** To resolve table columns references we look for nodes (or subtrees) of the
 ** form X.Y.Z or Y.Z or just Z where
 **
 **      X:   The name of a database.  Ex:  "main" or "temp" or
@@ -1986,7 +2021,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
 **
 **      SELECT a+b AS x, c+d AS y FROM t1 ORDER BY a+b;
 **
-** Function calls are checked to make sure that the function is 
+** Function calls are checked to make sure that the function is
 ** defined and that the correct number of arguments are specified.
 ** If the function is an aggregate function, then the NC_HasAgg flag is
 ** set and the opcode is changed from TK_FUNCTION to TK_AGG_FUNCTION.
@@ -1996,7 +2031,7 @@ static int resolveSelectStep(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
 ** An error message is left in pParse if anything is amiss.  The number
 ** if errors is returned.
 */
-int sqlite3ResolveExprNames( 
+int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(
   NameContext *pNC,       /* Namespace to resolve expressions in. */
   Expr *pExpr             /* The expression to be analyzed. */
 ){
@@ -2017,7 +2052,8 @@ int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(
     return SQLITE_ERROR;
   }
 #endif
-  sqlite3WalkExpr(&w, pExpr);
+  assert( pExpr!=0 );
+  sqlite3WalkExprNN(&w, pExpr);
 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
   w.pParse->nHeight -= pExpr->nHeight;
 #endif
@@ -2035,7 +2071,7 @@ int sqlite3ResolveExprNames(
 ** just like sqlite3ResolveExprNames() except that it works for an expression
 ** list rather than a single expression.
 */
-int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames( 
+int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(
   NameContext *pNC,       /* Namespace to resolve expressions in. */
   ExprList *pList         /* The expression list to be analyzed. */
 ){
@@ -2059,7 +2095,7 @@ int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(
       return WRC_Abort;
     }
 #endif
-    sqlite3WalkExpr(&w, pExpr);
+    sqlite3WalkExprNN(&w, pExpr);
 #if SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
     w.pParse->nHeight -= pExpr->nHeight;
 #endif
@@ -2081,7 +2117,7 @@ int sqlite3ResolveExprListNames(
 
 /*
 ** Resolve all names in all expressions of a SELECT and in all
-** decendents of the SELECT, including compounds off of p->pPrior,
+** descendants of the SELECT, including compounds off of p->pPrior,
 ** subqueries in expressions, and subqueries used as FROM clause
 ** terms.
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/src/rowset.c b/sqlite/src/rowset.c
index 0562320a..5956cb2a 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/rowset.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/rowset.c
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@
 ** extracts the least value from the RowSet.
 **
 ** The INSERT primitive might allocate additional memory.  Memory is
-** allocated in chunks so most INSERTs do no allocation.  There is an 
+** allocated in chunks so most INSERTs do no allocation.  There is an
 ** upper bound on the size of allocated memory.  No memory is freed
 ** until DESTROY.
 **
 ** The TEST primitive includes a "batch" number.  The TEST primitive
 ** will only see elements that were inserted before the last change
 ** in the batch number.  In other words, if an INSERT occurs between
-** two TESTs where the TESTs have the same batch nubmer, then the
+** two TESTs where the TESTs have the same batch number, then the
 ** value added by the INSERT will not be visible to the second TEST.
 ** The initial batch number is zero, so if the very first TEST contains
 ** a non-zero batch number, it will see all prior INSERTs.
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 ** in the list, pLeft points to the tree, and v is unused.  The
 ** RowSet.pForest value points to the head of this forest list.
 */
-struct RowSetEntry {            
+struct RowSetEntry {           
   i64 v;                        /* ROWID value for this entry */
   struct RowSetEntry *pRight;   /* Right subtree (larger entries) or list */
   struct RowSetEntry *pLeft;    /* Left subtree (smaller entries) */
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ void sqlite3RowSetInsert(RowSet *p, i64 rowid){
 /*
 ** Merge two lists of RowSetEntry objects.  Remove duplicates.
 **
-** The input lists are connected via pRight pointers and are 
+** The input lists are connected via pRight pointers and are
 ** assumed to each already be in sorted order.
 */
 static struct RowSetEntry *rowSetEntryMerge(
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ static struct RowSetEntry *rowSetEntryMerge(
 /*
 ** Sort all elements on the list of RowSetEntry objects into order of
 ** increasing v.
-*/ 
+*/
 static struct RowSetEntry *rowSetEntrySort(struct RowSetEntry *pIn){
   unsigned int i;
   struct RowSetEntry *pNext, *aBucket[40];
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ static struct RowSetEntry *rowSetNDeepTree(
   struct RowSetEntry *pLeft;     /* Left subtree */
   if( *ppList==0 ){ /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
     /* Prevent unnecessary deep recursion when we run out of entries */
-    return 0; 
+    return 0;
   }
   if( iDepth>1 ){   /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
     /* This branch causes a *balanced* tree to be generated.  A valid tree
diff --git a/sqlite/src/select.c b/sqlite/src/select.c
index f32db2c2..7a79385e 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/select.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/select.c
@@ -231,8 +231,8 @@ static Select *findRightmost(Select *p){
 **     NATURAL  FULL       -                 JT_NATURAL|JT_LEFT|JT_RIGHT
 **     NATURAL  FULL     OUTER               JT_NATRUAL|JT_LEFT|JT_RIGHT
 **
-** To preserve historical compatibly, SQLite also accepts a variety 
-** of other non-standard and in many cases non-sensical join types.
+** To preserve historical compatibly, SQLite also accepts a variety
+** of other non-standard and in many cases nonsensical join types.
 ** This routine makes as much sense at it can from the nonsense join
 ** type and returns a result.  Examples of accepted nonsense join types
 ** include but are not limited to:
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ int sqlite3JoinType(Parse *pParse, Token *pA, Token *pB, Token *pC){
   for(i=0; i<3 && apAll[i]; i++){
     p = apAll[i];
     for(j=0; j<ArraySize(aKeyword); j++){
-      if( p->n==aKeyword[j].nChar 
+      if( p->n==aKeyword[j].nChar
           && sqlite3StrNICmp((char*)p->z, &zKeyText[aKeyword[j].i], p->n)==0 ){
         jointype |= aKeyword[j].code;
         break;
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ static int tableAndColumnIndex(
 
   for(i=iStart; i<=iEnd; i++){
     iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pSrc->a[i].pTab, zCol);
-    if( iCol>=0 
+    if( iCol>=0
      && (bIgnoreHidden==0 || IsHiddenColumn(&pSrc->a[i].pTab->aCol[iCol])==0)
     ){
       if( piTab ){
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ void sqlite3SetJoinExpr(Expr *p, int iTable, u32 joinFlag){
     }
     sqlite3SetJoinExpr(p->pLeft, iTable, joinFlag);
     p = p->pRight;
-  } 
+  }
 }
 
 /* Undo the work of sqlite3SetJoinExpr().  This is used when a LEFT JOIN
@@ -454,6 +454,7 @@ static void unsetJoinExpr(Expr *p, int iTable, int nullable){
     }
     if( p->op==TK_FUNCTION ){
       assert( ExprUseXList(p) );
+      assert( p->pLeft==0 );
       if( p->x.pList ){
         int i;
         for(i=0; i<p->x.pList->nExpr; i++){
@@ -463,7 +464,7 @@ static void unsetJoinExpr(Expr *p, int iTable, int nullable){
     }
     unsetJoinExpr(p->pLeft, iTable, nullable);
     p = p->pRight;
-  } 
+  }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -503,7 +504,7 @@ static int sqlite3ProcessJoin(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
     if( NEVER(pLeft->pTab==0 || pRightTab==0) ) continue;
     joinType = (pRight->fg.jointype & JT_OUTER)!=0 ? EP_OuterON : EP_InnerON;
 
-    /* If this is a NATURAL join, synthesize an approprate USING clause
+    /* If this is a NATURAL join, synthesize an appropriate USING clause
     ** to specify which columns should be joined.
     */
     if( pRight->fg.jointype & JT_NATURAL ){
@@ -536,7 +537,7 @@ static int sqlite3ProcessJoin(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
     }
 
     /* Create extra terms on the WHERE clause for each column named
-    ** in the USING clause.  Example: If the two tables to be joined are 
+    ** in the USING clause.  Example: If the two tables to be joined are
     ** A and B and the USING clause names X, Y, and Z, then add this
     ** to the WHERE clause:    A.X=B.X AND A.Y=B.Y AND A.Z=B.Z
     ** Report an error if any column mentioned in the USING clause is
@@ -718,8 +719,8 @@ static void pushOntoSorter(
   **       case regData==regOrigData.
   **   (3) Some output columns are omitted from the sort record due to
   **       the SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES optimization, or due to the
-  **       SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF optimization, or due to the 
-  **       SortCtx.pDeferredRowLoad optimiation.  In any of these cases
+  **       SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF optimization, or due to the
+  **       SortCtx.pDeferredRowLoad optimization.  In any of these cases
   **       regOrigData is 0 to prevent this routine from trying to copy
   **       values that might not yet exist.
   */
@@ -760,7 +761,7 @@ static void pushOntoSorter(
     pParse->nMem += pSort->nOBSat;
     nKey = nExpr - pSort->nOBSat + bSeq;
     if( bSeq ){
-      addrFirst = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IfNot, regBase+nExpr); 
+      addrFirst = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IfNot, regBase+nExpr);
     }else{
       addrFirst = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SequenceTest, pSort->iECursor);
     }
@@ -775,7 +776,7 @@ static void pushOntoSorter(
     testcase( pKI->nAllField > pKI->nKeyField+2 );
     pOp->p4.pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse,pSort->pOrderBy,nOBSat,
                                            pKI->nAllField-pKI->nKeyField-1);
-    pOp = 0; /* Ensure pOp not used after sqltie3VdbeAddOp3() */
+    pOp = 0; /* Ensure pOp not used after sqlite3VdbeAddOp3() */
     addrJmp = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Jump, addrJmp+1, 0, addrJmp+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
     pSort->labelBkOut = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
@@ -794,10 +795,10 @@ static void pushOntoSorter(
     /* At this point the values for the new sorter entry are stored
     ** in an array of registers. They need to be composed into a record
     ** and inserted into the sorter if either (a) there are currently
-    ** less than LIMIT+OFFSET items or (b) the new record is smaller than 
+    ** less than LIMIT+OFFSET items or (b) the new record is smaller than
     ** the largest record currently in the sorter. If (b) is true and there
     ** are already LIMIT+OFFSET items in the sorter, delete the largest
-    ** entry before inserting the new one. This way there are never more 
+    ** entry before inserting the new one. This way there are never more
     ** than LIMIT+OFFSET items in the sorter.
     **
     ** If the new record does not need to be inserted into the sorter,
@@ -869,7 +870,7 @@ static void codeOffset(
 **     The returned value in this case is a copy of parameter iTab.
 **
 **   WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED:
-**     In this case rows are being delivered sorted order. The ephermal
+**     In this case rows are being delivered sorted order. The ephemeral
 **     table is not required. Instead, the current set of values
 **     is compared against previous row. If they match, the new row
 **     is not distinct and control jumps to VM address addrRepeat. Otherwise,
@@ -885,10 +886,10 @@ static void codeOffset(
 **     In this case it has already been determined that the rows are distinct.
 **     No special action is required. The return value is zero.
 **
-** Parameter pEList is the list of expressions used to generated the 
-** contents of each row. It is used by this routine to determine (a) 
-** how many elements there are in the array of registers and (b) the 
-** collation sequences that should be used for the comparisons if 
+** Parameter pEList is the list of expressions used to generated the
+** contents of each row. It is used by this routine to determine (a)
+** how many elements there are in the array of registers and (b) the
+** collation sequences that should be used for the comparisons if
 ** eTnctType is WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED.
 */
 static int codeDistinct(
@@ -990,7 +991,7 @@ static void fixDistinctOpenEph(
       sqlite3VdbeChangeToNoop(v, iOpenEphAddr+1);
     }
     if( eTnctType==WHERE_DISTINCT_ORDERED ){
-      /* Change the OP_OpenEphemeral to an OP_Null that sets the MEM_Cleared 
+      /* Change the OP_OpenEphemeral to an OP_Null that sets the MEM_Cleared
       ** bit on the first register of the previous value.  This will cause the
       ** OP_Ne added in codeDistinct() to always fail on the first iteration of
       ** the loop even if the first row is all NULLs.  */
@@ -1005,8 +1006,8 @@ static void fixDistinctOpenEph(
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES
 /*
 ** This function is called as part of inner-loop generation for a SELECT
-** statement with an ORDER BY that is not optimized by an index. It 
-** determines the expressions, if any, that the sorter-reference 
+** statement with an ORDER BY that is not optimized by an index. It
+** determines the expressions, if any, that the sorter-reference
 ** optimization should be used for. The sorter-reference optimization
 ** is used for SELECT queries like:
 **
@@ -1016,11 +1017,11 @@ static void fixDistinctOpenEph(
 ** storing values read from that column in the sorter records, the PK of
 ** the row from table t1 is stored instead. Then, as records are extracted from
 ** the sorter to return to the user, the required value of bigblob is
-** retrieved directly from table t1. If the values are very large, this 
+** retrieved directly from table t1. If the values are very large, this
 ** can be more efficient than storing them directly in the sorter records.
 **
-** The ExprList_item.fg.bSorterRef flag is set for each expression in pEList 
-** for which the sorter-reference optimization should be enabled. 
+** The ExprList_item.fg.bSorterRef flag is set for each expression in pEList
+** for which the sorter-reference optimization should be enabled.
 ** Additionally, the pSort->aDefer[] array is populated with entries
 ** for all cursors required to evaluate all selected expressions. Finally.
 ** output variable (*ppExtra) is set to an expression list containing
@@ -1094,7 +1095,7 @@ static void selectExprDefer(
 **
 ** If srcTab is negative, then the p->pEList expressions
 ** are evaluated in order to get the data for this row.  If srcTab is
-** zero or more, then data is pulled from srcTab and p->pEList is used only 
+** zero or more, then data is pulled from srcTab and p->pEList is used only
 ** to get the number of columns and the collation sequence for each column.
 */
 static void selectInnerLoop(
@@ -1176,8 +1177,8 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
     }
     if( pSort && hasDistinct==0 && eDest!=SRT_EphemTab && eDest!=SRT_Table ){
       /* For each expression in p->pEList that is a copy of an expression in
-      ** the ORDER BY clause (pSort->pOrderBy), set the associated 
-      ** iOrderByCol value to one more than the index of the ORDER BY 
+      ** the ORDER BY clause (pSort->pOrderBy), set the associated
+      ** iOrderByCol value to one more than the index of the ORDER BY
       ** expression within the sort-key that pushOntoSorter() will generate.
       ** This allows the p->pEList field to be omitted from the sorted record,
       ** saving space and CPU cycles.  */
@@ -1193,7 +1194,7 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
       selectExprDefer(pParse, pSort, p->pEList, &pExtra);
       if( pExtra && pParse->db->mallocFailed==0 ){
         /* If there are any extra PK columns to add to the sorter records,
-        ** allocate extra memory cells and adjust the OpenEphemeral 
+        ** allocate extra memory cells and adjust the OpenEphemeral
         ** instruction to account for the larger records. This is only
         ** required if there are one or more WITHOUT ROWID tables with
         ** composite primary keys in the SortCtx.aDefer[] array.  */
@@ -1223,7 +1224,7 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
       testcase( eDest==SRT_Mem );
       testcase( eDest==SRT_Coroutine );
       testcase( eDest==SRT_Output );
-      assert( eDest==SRT_Set || eDest==SRT_Mem 
+      assert( eDest==SRT_Set || eDest==SRT_Mem
            || eDest==SRT_Coroutine || eDest==SRT_Output
            || eDest==SRT_Upfrom );
     }
@@ -1235,7 +1236,7 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
     if( pExtra ) nResultCol += pExtra->nExpr;
 #endif
     if( p->iLimit
-     && (ecelFlags & SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF)!=0 
+     && (ecelFlags & SQLITE_ECEL_OMITREF)!=0
      && nPrefixReg>0
     ){
       assert( pSort!=0 );
@@ -1298,6 +1299,16 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
       testcase( eDest==SRT_Fifo );
       testcase( eDest==SRT_DistFifo );
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regResult, nResultCol, r1+nPrefixReg);
+#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_NULL_TRIM) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+      /* A destination of SRT_Table and a non-zero iSDParm2 parameter means
+      ** that this is an "UPDATE ... FROM" on a virtual table or view. In this
+      ** case set the p5 parameter of the OP_MakeRecord to OPFLAG_NOCHNG_MAGIC.
+      ** This does not affect operation in any way - it just allows MakeRecord
+      ** to process OPFLAG_NOCHANGE values without an assert() failing. */
+      if( eDest==SRT_Table && pDest->iSDParm2 ){
+        sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_NOCHNG_MAGIC);
+      }
+#endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
       if( eDest==SRT_DistFifo ){
         /* If the destination is DistFifo, then cursor (iParm+1) is open
@@ -1366,7 +1377,7 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
       }else{
         int r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
         assert( sqlite3Strlen30(pDest->zAffSdst)==nResultCol );
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regResult, nResultCol, 
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, regResult, nResultCol,
             r1, pDest->zAffSdst, nResultCol);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_IdxInsert, iParm, r1, regResult, nResultCol);
         sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, r1);
@@ -1384,7 +1395,7 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
     }
 
     /* If this is a scalar select that is part of an expression, then
-    ** store the results in the appropriate memory cell or array of 
+    ** store the results in the appropriate memory cell or array of
     ** memory cells and break out of the scan loop.
     */
     case SRT_Mem: {
@@ -1439,7 +1450,7 @@ static void selectInnerLoop(
         /* If the destination is DistQueue, then cursor (iParm+1) is open
         ** on a second ephemeral index that holds all values every previously
         ** added to the queue. */
-        addrTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iParm+1, 0, 
+        addrTest = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, iParm+1, 0,
                                         regResult, nResultCol);
         VdbeCoverage(v);
       }
@@ -1659,7 +1670,7 @@ static void generateSortTail(
   int addrExplain;                /* Address of OP_Explain instruction */
 #endif
 
-  ExplainQueryPlan2(addrExplain, (pParse, 0, 
+  ExplainQueryPlan2(addrExplain, (pParse, 0,
         "USE TEMP B-TREE FOR %sORDER BY", pSort->nOBSat>0?"RIGHT PART OF ":"")
   );
   sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExplain,pSort->addrPush,pSort->addrPushEnd);
@@ -1706,7 +1717,7 @@ static void generateSortTail(
     if( pSort->labelBkOut ){
       addrOnce = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Once); VdbeCoverage(v);
     }
-    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenPseudo, iSortTab, regSortOut, 
+    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenPseudo, iSortTab, regSortOut,
         nKey+1+nColumn+nRefKey);
     if( addrOnce ) sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrOnce);
     addr = 1 + sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterSort, iTab, addrBreak);
@@ -1742,7 +1753,7 @@ static void generateSortTail(
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NullRow, iCsr);
       if( HasRowid(pTab) ){
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, iSortTab, iKey++, regKey);
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SeekRowid, iCsr, 
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SeekRowid, iCsr,
             sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+1, regKey);
       }else{
         int k;
@@ -1812,7 +1823,7 @@ static void generateSortTail(
       break;
     }
     default: {
-      assert( eDest==SRT_Output || eDest==SRT_Coroutine ); 
+      assert( eDest==SRT_Output || eDest==SRT_Coroutine );
       testcase( eDest==SRT_Output );
       testcase( eDest==SRT_Coroutine );
       if( eDest==SRT_Output ){
@@ -1852,14 +1863,14 @@ static void generateSortTail(
 ** original CREATE TABLE statement if the expression is a column. The
 ** declaration type for a ROWID field is INTEGER. Exactly when an expression
 ** is considered a column can be complex in the presence of subqueries. The
-** result-set expression in all of the following SELECT statements is 
+** result-set expression in all of the following SELECT statements is
 ** considered a column by this function.
 **
 **   SELECT col FROM tbl;
 **   SELECT (SELECT col FROM tbl;
 **   SELECT (SELECT col FROM tbl);
 **   SELECT abc FROM (SELECT col AS abc FROM tbl);
-** 
+**
 ** The declaration type for any expression other than a column is NULL.
 **
 ** This routine has either 3 or 6 parameters depending on whether or not
@@ -1871,7 +1882,7 @@ static void generateSortTail(
 # define columnType(A,B,C,D,E) columnTypeImpl(A,B)
 #endif
 static const char *columnTypeImpl(
-  NameContext *pNC, 
+  NameContext *pNC,
 #ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
   Expr *pExpr
 #else
@@ -1914,19 +1925,19 @@ static const char *columnTypeImpl(
       if( pTab==0 ){
         /* At one time, code such as "SELECT new.x" within a trigger would
         ** cause this condition to run.  Since then, we have restructured how
-        ** trigger code is generated and so this condition is no longer 
+        ** trigger code is generated and so this condition is no longer
         ** possible. However, it can still be true for statements like
         ** the following:
         **
         **   CREATE TABLE t1(col INTEGER);
         **   SELECT (SELECT t1.col) FROM FROM t1;
         **
-        ** when columnType() is called on the expression "t1.col" in the 
+        ** when columnType() is called on the expression "t1.col" in the
         ** sub-select. In this case, set the column type to NULL, even
         ** though it should really be "INTEGER".
         **
         ** This is not a problem, as the column type of "t1.col" is never
-        ** used. When columnType() is called on the expression 
+        ** used. When columnType() is called on the expression
         ** "(SELECT t1.col)", the correct type is returned (see the TK_SELECT
         ** branch below.  */
         break;
@@ -1944,9 +1955,9 @@ static const char *columnTypeImpl(
 #else
          && ALWAYS(iCol>=0)
 #endif
-        ){ 
+        ){
           /* If iCol is less than zero, then the expression requests the
-          ** rowid of the sub-select or view. This expression is legal (see 
+          ** rowid of the sub-select or view. This expression is legal (see
           ** test case misc2.2.2) - it always evaluates to NULL.
           */
           NameContext sNC;
@@ -1954,7 +1965,7 @@ static const char *columnTypeImpl(
           sNC.pSrcList = pS->pSrc;
           sNC.pNext = pNC;
           sNC.pParse = pNC->pParse;
-          zType = columnType(&sNC, p,&zOrigDb,&zOrigTab,&zOrigCol); 
+          zType = columnType(&sNC, p,&zOrigDb,&zOrigTab,&zOrigCol);
         }
       }else{
         /* A real table or a CTE table */
@@ -2000,13 +2011,13 @@ static const char *columnTypeImpl(
       sNC.pSrcList = pS->pSrc;
       sNC.pNext = pNC;
       sNC.pParse = pNC->pParse;
-      zType = columnType(&sNC, p, &zOrigDb, &zOrigTab, &zOrigCol); 
+      zType = columnType(&sNC, p, &zOrigDb, &zOrigTab, &zOrigCol);
       break;
     }
 #endif
   }
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA  
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA 
   if( pzOrigDb ){
     assert( pzOrigTab && pzOrigCol );
     *pzOrigDb = zOrigDb;
@@ -2042,7 +2053,7 @@ static void generateColumnTypes(
     const char *zOrigCol = 0;
     zType = columnType(&sNC, p, &zOrigDb, &zOrigTab, &zOrigCol);
 
-    /* The vdbe must make its own copy of the column-type and other 
+    /* The vdbe must make its own copy of the column-type and other
     ** column specific strings, in case the schema is reset before this
     ** virtual machine is deleted.
     */
@@ -2101,13 +2112,6 @@ void sqlite3GenerateColumnNames(
   int fullName;    /* TABLE.COLUMN if no AS clause and is a direct table ref */
   int srcName;     /* COLUMN or TABLE.COLUMN if no AS clause and is direct */
 
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
-  /* If this is an EXPLAIN, skip this step */
-  if( pParse->explain ){
-    return;
-  }
-#endif
-
   if( pParse->colNamesSet ) return;
   /* Column names are determined by the left-most term of a compound select */
   while( pSelect->pPrior ) pSelect = pSelect->pPrior;
@@ -2294,7 +2298,7 @@ int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(
 ** kind (maybe a parenthesized subquery in the FROM clause of a larger
 ** query, or a VIEW, or a CTE).  This routine computes type information
 ** for that Table object based on the Select object that implements the
-** subquery.  For the purposes of this routine, "type infomation" means:
+** subquery.  For the purposes of this routine, "type information" means:
 **
 **    *   The datatype name, as it might appear in a CREATE TABLE statement
 **    *   Which collating sequence to use for the column
@@ -2438,9 +2442,9 @@ Vdbe *sqlite3GetVdbe(Parse *pParse){
 ** Compute the iLimit and iOffset fields of the SELECT based on the
 ** pLimit expressions.  pLimit->pLeft and pLimit->pRight hold the expressions
 ** that appear in the original SQL statement after the LIMIT and OFFSET
-** keywords.  Or NULL if those keywords are omitted. iLimit and iOffset 
-** are the integer memory register numbers for counters used to compute 
-** the limit and offset.  If there is no limit and/or offset, then 
+** keywords.  Or NULL if those keywords are omitted. iLimit and iOffset
+** are the integer memory register numbers for counters used to compute
+** the limit and offset.  If there is no limit and/or offset, then
 ** iLimit and iOffset are negative.
 **
 ** This routine changes the values of iLimit and iOffset only if
@@ -2466,7 +2470,7 @@ static void computeLimitRegisters(Parse *pParse, Select *p, int iBreak){
 
   if( p->iLimit ) return;
 
-  /* 
+  /*
   ** "LIMIT -1" always shows all rows.  There is some
   ** controversy about what the correct behavior should be.
   ** The current implementation interprets "LIMIT 0" to mean
@@ -2594,7 +2598,7 @@ static KeyInfo *multiSelectOrderByKeyInfo(Parse *pParse, Select *p, int nExtra){
 ** inserted into the Queue table.  The iDistinct table keeps a copy of all rows
 ** that have ever been inserted into Queue and causes duplicates to be
 ** discarded.  If the operator is UNION ALL, then duplicates are allowed.
-** 
+**
 ** If the query has an ORDER BY, then entries in the Queue table are kept in
 ** ORDER BY order and the first entry is extracted for each cycle.  Without
 ** an ORDER BY, the Queue table is just a FIFO.
@@ -2623,7 +2627,7 @@ static void generateWithRecursiveQuery(
   int iQueue;                   /* The Queue table */
   int iDistinct = 0;            /* To ensure unique results if UNION */
   int eDest = SRT_Fifo;         /* How to write to Queue */
-  SelectDest destQueue;         /* SelectDest targetting the Queue table */
+  SelectDest destQueue;         /* SelectDest targeting the Queue table */
   int i;                        /* Loop counter */
   int rc;                       /* Result code */
   ExprList *pOrderBy;           /* The ORDER BY clause */
@@ -2831,7 +2835,7 @@ static int hasAnchor(Select *p){
 **
 ** "p" points to the right-most of the two queries.  the query on the
 ** left is p->pPrior.  The left query could also be a compound query
-** in which case this routine will be called recursively. 
+** in which case this routine will be called recursively.
 **
 ** The results of the total query are to be written into a destination
 ** of type eDest with parameter iParm.
@@ -2959,7 +2963,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         p->nSelectRow = sqlite3LogEstAdd(p->nSelectRow, pPrior->nSelectRow);
         if( p->pLimit
          && sqlite3ExprIsInteger(p->pLimit->pLeft, &nLimit)
-         && nLimit>0 && p->nSelectRow > sqlite3LogEst((u64)nLimit) 
+         && nLimit>0 && p->nSelectRow > sqlite3LogEst((u64)nLimit)
         ){
           p->nSelectRow = sqlite3LogEst((u64)nLimit);
         }
@@ -2976,7 +2980,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         Expr *pLimit;    /* Saved values of p->nLimit  */
         int addr;
         SelectDest uniondest;
-  
+ 
         testcase( p->op==TK_EXCEPT );
         testcase( p->op==TK_UNION );
         priorOp = SRT_Union;
@@ -2998,8 +3002,8 @@ static int multiSelect(
           findRightmost(p)->selFlags |= SF_UsesEphemeral;
           assert( p->pEList );
         }
-          
-  
+         
+ 
         /* Code the SELECT statements to our left
         */
         assert( !pPrior->pOrderBy );
@@ -3009,7 +3013,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         if( rc ){
           goto multi_select_end;
         }
-  
+ 
         /* Code the current SELECT statement
         */
         if( p->op==TK_EXCEPT ){
@@ -3038,7 +3042,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         p->pLimit = pLimit;
         p->iLimit = 0;
         p->iOffset = 0;
-  
+ 
         /* Convert the data in the temporary table into whatever form
         ** it is that we currently need.
         */
@@ -3067,7 +3071,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         int addr;
         SelectDest intersectdest;
         int r1;
-  
+ 
         /* INTERSECT is different from the others since it requires
         ** two temporary tables.  Hence it has its own case.  Begin
         ** by allocating the tables we will need.
@@ -3075,13 +3079,13 @@ static int multiSelect(
         tab1 = pParse->nTab++;
         tab2 = pParse->nTab++;
         assert( p->pOrderBy==0 );
-  
+ 
         addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, tab1, 0);
         assert( p->addrOpenEphm[0] == -1 );
         p->addrOpenEphm[0] = addr;
         findRightmost(p)->selFlags |= SF_UsesEphemeral;
         assert( p->pEList );
-  
+ 
         /* Code the SELECTs to our left into temporary table "tab1".
         */
         sqlite3SelectDestInit(&intersectdest, SRT_Union, tab1);
@@ -3090,7 +3094,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         if( rc ){
           goto multi_select_end;
         }
-  
+ 
         /* Code the current SELECT into temporary table "tab2"
         */
         addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, tab2, 0);
@@ -3112,7 +3116,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         }
         sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pLimit);
         p->pLimit = pLimit;
-  
+ 
         /* Generate code to take the intersection of the two temporary
         ** tables.
         */
@@ -3137,7 +3141,7 @@ static int multiSelect(
         break;
       }
     }
-  
+ 
   #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
     if( p->pNext==0 ){
       ExplainQueryPlanPop(pParse);
@@ -3145,8 +3149,8 @@ static int multiSelect(
   #endif
   }
   if( pParse->nErr ) goto multi_select_end;
-  
-  /* Compute collating sequences used by 
+ 
+  /* Compute collating sequences used by
   ** temporary tables needed to implement the compound select.
   ** Attach the KeyInfo structure to all temporary tables.
   **
@@ -3223,7 +3227,7 @@ void sqlite3SelectWrongNumTermsError(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
 
 /*
 ** Code an output subroutine for a coroutine implementation of a
-** SELECT statment.
+** SELECT statement.
 **
 ** The data to be output is contained in pIn->iSdst.  There are
 ** pIn->nSdst columns to be output.  pDest is where the output should
@@ -3258,7 +3262,7 @@ static int generateOutputSubroutine(
   addr = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
   iContinue = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
 
-  /* Suppress duplicates for UNION, EXCEPT, and INTERSECT 
+  /* Suppress duplicates for UNION, EXCEPT, and INTERSECT
   */
   if( regPrev ){
     int addr1, addr2;
@@ -3300,7 +3304,7 @@ static int generateOutputSubroutine(
       int r1;
       testcase( pIn->nSdst>1 );
       r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
-      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, pIn->iSdst, pIn->nSdst, 
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_MakeRecord, pIn->iSdst, pIn->nSdst,
           r1, pDest->zAffSdst, pIn->nSdst);
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_IdxInsert, pDest->iSDParm, r1,
                            pIn->iSdst, pIn->nSdst);
@@ -3338,7 +3342,7 @@ static int generateOutputSubroutine(
     ** SRT_Output.  This routine is never called with any other
     ** destination other than the ones handled above or SRT_Output.
     **
-    ** For SRT_Output, results are stored in a sequence of registers.  
+    ** For SRT_Output, results are stored in a sequence of registers. 
     ** Then the OP_ResultRow opcode is used to cause sqlite3_step() to
     ** return the next row of result.
     */
@@ -3395,7 +3399,7 @@ static int generateOutputSubroutine(
 **
 **    EofB:    Called when data is exhausted from selectB.
 **
-** The implementation of the latter five subroutines depend on which 
+** The implementation of the latter five subroutines depend on which
 ** <operator> is used:
 **
 **
@@ -3445,7 +3449,7 @@ static int generateOutputSubroutine(
 **
 ** We call AltB, AeqB, AgtB, EofA, and EofB "subroutines" but they are not
 ** actually called using Gosub and they do not Return.  EofA and EofB loop
-** until all data is exhausted then jump to the "end" labe.  AltB, AeqB,
+** until all data is exhausted then jump to the "end" label.  AltB, AeqB,
 ** and AgtB jump to either L2 or to one of EofA or EofB.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
@@ -3482,7 +3486,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   int savedOffset;      /* Saved value of p->iOffset */
   int labelCmpr;        /* Label for the start of the merge algorithm */
   int labelEnd;         /* Label for the end of the overall SELECT stmt */
-  int addr1;            /* Jump instructions that get retargetted */
+  int addr1;            /* Jump instructions that get retargeted */
   int op;               /* One of TK_ALL, TK_UNION, TK_EXCEPT, TK_INTERSECT */
   KeyInfo *pKeyDup = 0; /* Comparison information for duplicate removal */
   KeyInfo *pKeyMerge;   /* Comparison information for merging rows */
@@ -3502,7 +3506,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
 
   /* Patch up the ORDER BY clause
   */
-  op = p->op;  
+  op = p->op; 
   assert( p->pPrior->pOrderBy==0 );
   pOrderBy = p->pOrderBy;
   assert( pOrderBy );
@@ -3574,7 +3578,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
       }
     }
   }
- 
+
   /* Separate the left and the right query from one another
   */
   nSelect = 1;
@@ -3637,7 +3641,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   sqlite3VdbeEndCoroutine(v, regAddrA);
   sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);
 
-  /* Generate a coroutine to evaluate the SELECT statement on 
+  /* Generate a coroutine to evaluate the SELECT statement on
   ** the right - the "B" select
   */
   addrSelectB = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 1;
@@ -3646,7 +3650,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   savedLimit = p->iLimit;
   savedOffset = p->iOffset;
   p->iLimit = regLimitB;
-  p->iOffset = 0;  
+  p->iOffset = 0; 
   ExplainQueryPlan((pParse, 1, "RIGHT"));
   sqlite3Select(pParse, p, &destB);
   p->iLimit = savedLimit;
@@ -3660,7 +3664,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   addrOutA = generateOutputSubroutine(pParse,
                  p, &destA, pDest, regOutA,
                  regPrev, pKeyDup, labelEnd);
-  
+ 
   /* Generate a subroutine that outputs the current row of the B
   ** select as the next output row of the compound select.
   */
@@ -3677,7 +3681,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   */
   if( op==TK_EXCEPT || op==TK_INTERSECT ){
     addrEofA_noB = addrEofA = labelEnd;
-  }else{  
+  }else{ 
     VdbeNoopComment((v, "eof-A subroutine"));
     addrEofA = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutB, addrOutB);
     addrEofA_noB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrB, labelEnd);
@@ -3692,7 +3696,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   if( op==TK_INTERSECT ){
     addrEofB = addrEofA;
     if( p->nSelectRow > pPrior->nSelectRow ) p->nSelectRow = pPrior->nSelectRow;
-  }else{  
+  }else{ 
     VdbeNoopComment((v, "eof-B subroutine"));
     addrEofB = sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regOutA, addrOutA);
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Yield, regAddrA, labelEnd); VdbeCoverage(v);
@@ -3752,7 +3756,7 @@ static int multiSelectOrderBy(
   /* Make arrangements to free the 2nd and subsequent arms of the compound
   ** after the parse has finished */
   if( pSplit->pPrior ){
-    sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, 
+    sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse,
        (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3SelectDelete, pSplit->pPrior);
   }
   pSplit->pPrior = pPrior;
@@ -3819,13 +3823,13 @@ static void substSelect(SubstContext*, Select*, int);
 /*
 ** Scan through the expression pExpr.  Replace every reference to
 ** a column in table number iTable with a copy of the iColumn-th
-** entry in pEList.  (But leave references to the ROWID column 
+** entry in pEList.  (But leave references to the ROWID column
 ** unchanged.)
 **
 ** This routine is part of the flattening procedure.  A subquery
 ** whose result set is defined by pEList appears as entry in the
 ** FROM clause of a SELECT such that the VDBE cursor assigned to that
-** FORM clause entry is iTable.  This routine makes the necessary 
+** FORM clause entry is iTable.  This routine makes the necessary
 ** changes to pExpr so that it refers directly to the source table
 ** of the subquery rather the result set of the subquery.
 */
@@ -3851,11 +3855,14 @@ static Expr *substExpr(
 #endif
     {
       Expr *pNew;
-      int iColumn = pExpr->iColumn;
-      Expr *pCopy = pSubst->pEList->a[iColumn].pExpr;
+      int iColumn;
+      Expr *pCopy;
       Expr ifNullRow;
+      iColumn = pExpr->iColumn;
+      assert( iColumn>=0 );
       assert( pSubst->pEList!=0 && iColumn<pSubst->pEList->nExpr );
       assert( pExpr->pRight==0 );
+      pCopy = pSubst->pEList->a[iColumn].pExpr;
       if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pCopy) ){
         sqlite3VectorErrorMsg(pSubst->pParse, pCopy);
       }else{
@@ -4002,7 +4009,7 @@ static void recomputeColumnsUsed(
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW)
 /*
 ** Assign new cursor numbers to each of the items in pSrc. For each
-** new cursor number assigned, set an entry in the aCsrMap[] array 
+** new cursor number assigned, set an entry in the aCsrMap[] array
 ** to map the old cursor number to the new:
 **
 **     aCsrMap[iOld+1] = iNew;
@@ -4064,10 +4071,10 @@ static int renumberCursorsCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 
 /*
 ** Assign a new cursor number to each cursor in the FROM clause (Select.pSrc)
-** of the SELECT statement passed as the second argument, and to each 
+** of the SELECT statement passed as the second argument, and to each
 ** cursor in the FROM clause of any FROM clause sub-selects, recursively.
 ** Except, do not assign a new cursor number to the iExcept'th element in
-** the FROM clause of (*p). Update all expressions and other references 
+** the FROM clause of (*p). Update all expressions and other references
 ** to refer to the new cursor numbers.
 **
 ** Argument aCsrMap is an array that may be used for temporary working
@@ -4076,8 +4083,8 @@ static int renumberCursorsCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 **   * the array is larger than the largest cursor number used within the
 **     select statement passed as an argument, and
 **
-**   * the array entries for all cursor numbers that do *not* appear in 
-**     FROM clauses of the select statement as described above are 
+**   * the array entries for all cursor numbers that do *not* appear in
+**     FROM clauses of the select statement as described above are
 **     initialized to zero.
 */
 static void renumberCursors(
@@ -4159,7 +4166,7 @@ static int compoundHasDifferentAffinities(Select *p){
 **     SELECT x+y AS a FROM t1 WHERE z<100 AND a>5
 **
 ** The code generated for this simplification gives the same result
-** but only has to scan the data once.  And because indices might 
+** but only has to scan the data once.  And because indices might
 ** exist on the table t1, a complete scan of the data might be
 ** avoided.
 **
@@ -4188,7 +4195,7 @@ static int compoundHasDifferentAffinities(Select *p){
 **   (4)  The subquery can not be DISTINCT.
 **
 **  (**)  At one point restrictions (4) and (5) defined a subset of DISTINCT
-**        sub-queries that were excluded from this optimization. Restriction 
+**        sub-queries that were excluded from this optimization. Restriction
 **        (4) has since been expanded to exclude all DISTINCT subqueries.
 **
 **  (**)  We no longer attempt to flatten aggregate subqueries.  Was:
@@ -4204,8 +4211,8 @@ static int compoundHasDifferentAffinities(Select *p){
 **   (9)  If the subquery uses LIMIT then the outer query may not be aggregate.
 **
 **  (**)  Restriction (10) was removed from the code on 2005-02-05 but we
-**        accidently carried the comment forward until 2014-09-15.  Original
-**        constraint: "If the subquery is aggregate then the outer query 
+**        accidentally carried the comment forward until 2014-09-15.  Original
+**        constraint: "If the subquery is aggregate then the outer query
 **        may not use LIMIT."
 **
 **  (11)  The subquery and the outer query may not both have ORDER BY clauses.
@@ -4223,7 +4230,7 @@ static int compoundHasDifferentAffinities(Select *p){
 **
 **  (16)  If the outer query is aggregate, then the subquery may not
 **        use ORDER BY.  (Ticket #2942)  This used to not matter
-**        until we introduced the group_concat() function.  
+**        until we introduced the group_concat() function. 
 **
 **  (17)  If the subquery is a compound select, then
 **        (17a) all compound operators must be a UNION ALL, and
@@ -4278,7 +4285,7 @@ static int compoundHasDifferentAffinities(Select *p){
 **        recursive queries in multiSelect().
 **
 **  (**)  We no longer attempt to flatten aggregate subqueries.  Was:
-**        The subquery may not be an aggregate that uses the built-in min() or 
+**        The subquery may not be an aggregate that uses the built-in min() or
 **        or max() functions.  (Without this restriction, a query like:
 **        "SELECT x FROM (SELECT max(y), x FROM t1)" would not necessarily
 **        return the value X for which Y was maximal.)
@@ -4296,7 +4303,8 @@ static int compoundHasDifferentAffinities(Select *p){
 **        (27b) the subquery is a compound query and the RIGHT JOIN occurs
 **              in any arm of the compound query.  (See also (17g).)
 **
-**  (28)  The subquery is not a MATERIALIZED CTE.
+**  (28)  The subquery is not a MATERIALIZED CTE.  (This is handled
+**        in the caller before ever reaching this routine.)
 **
 **
 ** In this routine, the "p" parameter is a pointer to the outer query.
@@ -4323,7 +4331,7 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
   SrcList *pSubSrc;   /* The FROM clause of the subquery */
   int iParent;        /* VDBE cursor number of the pSub result set temp table */
   int iNewParent = -1;/* Replacement table for iParent */
-  int isOuterJoin = 0; /* True if pSub is the right side of a LEFT JOIN */    
+  int isOuterJoin = 0; /* True if pSub is the right side of a LEFT JOIN */   
   int i;              /* Loop counter */
   Expr *pWhere;                    /* The WHERE clause */
   SrcItem *pSubitem;               /* The subquery */
@@ -4406,9 +4414,9 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
   if( iFrom>0 && (pSubSrc->a[0].fg.jointype & JT_LTORJ)!=0 ){
     return 0;   /* Restriction (27a) */
   }
-  if( pSubitem->fg.isCte && pSubitem->u2.pCteUse->eM10d==M10d_Yes ){
-    return 0;       /* (28) */
-  }
+
+  /* Condition (28) is blocked by the caller */
+  assert( !pSubitem->fg.isCte || pSubitem->u2.pCteUse->eM10d!=M10d_Yes );
 
   /* Restriction (17): If the sub-query is a compound SELECT, then it must
   ** use only the UNION ALL operator. And none of the simple select queries
@@ -4478,7 +4486,7 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
   testcase( i==SQLITE_DENY );
   pParse->zAuthContext = zSavedAuthContext;
 
-  /* Delete the transient structures associated with thesubquery */
+  /* Delete the transient structures associated with the subquery */
   pSub1 = pSubitem->pSelect;
   sqlite3DbFree(db, pSubitem->zDatabase);
   sqlite3DbFree(db, pSubitem->zName);
@@ -4490,13 +4498,13 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
   assert( pSubitem->fg.isUsing!=0 || pSubitem->u3.pOn==0 );
 
   /* If the sub-query is a compound SELECT statement, then (by restrictions
-  ** 17 and 18 above) it must be a UNION ALL and the parent query must 
+  ** 17 and 18 above) it must be a UNION ALL and the parent query must
   ** be of the form:
   **
-  **     SELECT <expr-list> FROM (<sub-query>) <where-clause> 
+  **     SELECT <expr-list> FROM (<sub-query>) <where-clause>
   **
   ** followed by any ORDER BY, LIMIT and/or OFFSET clauses. This block
-  ** creates N-1 copies of the parent query without any ORDER BY, LIMIT or 
+  ** creates N-1 copies of the parent query without any ORDER BY, LIMIT or
   ** OFFSET clauses and joins them to the left-hand-side of the original
   ** using UNION ALL operators. In this case N is the number of simple
   ** select statements in the compound sub-query.
@@ -4570,7 +4578,7 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
     Table *pTabToDel = pSubitem->pTab;
     if( pTabToDel->nTabRef==1 ){
       Parse *pToplevel = sqlite3ParseToplevel(pParse);
-      sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pToplevel, 
+      sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pToplevel,
          (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3DeleteTable,
          pTabToDel);
       testcase( pToplevel->earlyCleanup );
@@ -4606,7 +4614,7 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
     if( pParent==p ){
       jointype = pSubitem->fg.jointype;     /* First time through the loop */
     }
-    
+   
     /* The subquery uses a single slot of the FROM clause of the outer
     ** query.  If the subquery has more than one element in its FROM clause,
     ** then expand the outer query to make space for it to hold all elements
@@ -4642,10 +4650,10 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
     }
     pSrc->a[iFrom].fg.jointype &= JT_LTORJ;
     pSrc->a[iFrom].fg.jointype |= jointype | ltorj;
-  
-    /* Now begin substituting subquery result set expressions for 
+ 
+    /* Now begin substituting subquery result set expressions for
     ** references to the iParent in the outer query.
-    ** 
+    **
     ** Example:
     **
     **   SELECT a+5, b*10 FROM (SELECT x*3 AS a, y+10 AS b FROM t1) WHERE a>b;
@@ -4660,7 +4668,7 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
       ** ORDER BY column expression is identical to the iOrderByCol'th
       ** expression returned by SELECT statement pSub. Since these values
       ** do not necessarily correspond to columns in SELECT statement pParent,
-      ** zero them before transfering the ORDER BY clause.
+      ** zero them before transferring the ORDER BY clause.
       **
       ** Not doing this may cause an error if a subsequent call to this
       ** function attempts to flatten a compound sub-query into pParent
@@ -4696,12 +4704,12 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
       x.pCList = findLeftmostExprlist(pSub);
       substSelect(&x, pParent, 0);
     }
-  
+ 
     /* The flattened query is a compound if either the inner or the
     ** outer query is a compound. */
     pParent->selFlags |= pSub->selFlags & SF_Compound;
     assert( (pSub->selFlags & SF_Distinct)==0 ); /* restriction (17b) */
-  
+ 
     /*
     ** SELECT ... FROM (SELECT ... LIMIT a OFFSET b) LIMIT x OFFSET y;
     **
@@ -4720,8 +4728,7 @@ static int flattenSubquery(
     }
   }
 
-  /* Finially, delete what is left of the subquery and return
-  ** success.
+  /* Finally, delete what is left of the subquery and return success.
   */
   sqlite3AggInfoPersistWalkerInit(&w, pParse);
   sqlite3WalkSelect(&w,pSub1);
@@ -4756,7 +4763,7 @@ struct WhereConst {
 
 /*
 ** Add a new entry to the pConst object.  Except, do not add duplicate
-** pColumn entires.  Also, do not add if doing so would not be appropriate.
+** pColumn entries.  Also, do not add if doing so would not be appropriate.
 **
 ** The caller guarantees the pColumn is a column and pValue is a constant.
 ** This routine has to do some additional checks before completing the
@@ -4839,15 +4846,15 @@ static void findConstInWhere(WhereConst *pConst, Expr *pExpr){
 /*
 ** This is a helper function for Walker callback propagateConstantExprRewrite().
 **
-** Argument pExpr is a candidate expression to be replaced by a value. If 
-** pExpr is equivalent to one of the columns named in pWalker->u.pConst, 
+** Argument pExpr is a candidate expression to be replaced by a value. If
+** pExpr is equivalent to one of the columns named in pWalker->u.pConst,
 ** then overwrite it with the corresponding value. Except, do not do so
 ** if argument bIgnoreAffBlob is non-zero and the affinity of pExpr
 ** is SQLITE_AFF_BLOB.
 */
 static int propagateConstantExprRewriteOne(
   WhereConst *pConst,
-  Expr *pExpr, 
+  Expr *pExpr,
   int bIgnoreAffBlob
 ){
   int i;
@@ -4892,7 +4899,7 @@ static int propagateConstantExprRewriteOne(
 **
 **   + pExpr is a binary comparison operator (=, <=, >=, <, >) that
 **     uses an affinity other than TEXT and one of its immediate
-**     children is a column that matches one of the columns in 
+**     children is a column that matches one of the columns in
 **     pWalker->u.pConst.
 */
 static int propagateConstantExprRewrite(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
@@ -4942,7 +4949,7 @@ static int propagateConstantExprRewrite(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 **    SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=123 AND b=123;
 **
 ** The two SELECT statements above should return different answers.  b=a
-** is alway true because the comparison uses numeric affinity, but b=123
+** is always true because the comparison uses numeric affinity, but b=123
 ** is false because it uses text affinity and '0123' is not the same as '123'.
 ** To work around this, the expression tree is not actually changed from
 ** "b=a" to "b=123" but rather the "a" in "b=a" is tagged with EP_FixedCol
@@ -5004,7 +5011,7 @@ static int propagateConstants(
       sqlite3DbFree(x.pParse->db, x.apExpr);
       nChng += x.nChng;
     }
-  }while( x.nChng );  
+  }while( x.nChng ); 
   return nChng;
 }
 
@@ -5014,19 +5021,19 @@ static int propagateConstants(
 ** This function is called to determine whether or not it is safe to
 ** push WHERE clause expression pExpr down to FROM clause sub-query
 ** pSubq, which contains at least one window function. Return 1
-** if it is safe and the expression should be pushed down, or 0 
+** if it is safe and the expression should be pushed down, or 0
 ** otherwise.
 **
-** It is only safe to push the expression down if it consists only 
+** It is only safe to push the expression down if it consists only
 ** of constants and copies of expressions that appear in the PARTITION
 ** BY clause of all window function used by the sub-query. It is safe
 ** to filter out entire partitions, but not rows within partitions, as
 ** this may change the results of the window functions.
 **
-** At the time this function is called it is guaranteed that 
+** At the time this function is called it is guaranteed that
 **
-**   * the sub-query uses only one distinct window frame, and 
-**   * that the window frame has a PARTITION BY clase.
+**   * the sub-query uses only one distinct window frame, and
+**   * that the window frame has a PARTITION BY clause.
 */
 static int pushDownWindowCheck(Parse *pParse, Select *pSubq, Expr *pExpr){
   assert( pSubq->pWin->pPartition );
@@ -5084,19 +5091,19 @@ static int pushDownWindowCheck(Parse *pParse, Select *pSubq, Expr *pExpr){
 **       But if the (b2=2) term were to be pushed down into the bb subquery,
 **       then the (1,1,NULL) row would be suppressed.
 **
-**   (6) Window functions make things tricky as changes to the WHERE clause 
-**       of the inner query could change the window over which window 
+**   (6) Window functions make things tricky as changes to the WHERE clause
+**       of the inner query could change the window over which window
 **       functions are calculated. Therefore, do not attempt the optimization
 **       if:
 **
 **     (6a) The inner query uses multiple incompatible window partitions.
 **
-**     (6b) The inner query is a compound and uses window-functions. 
+**     (6b) The inner query is a compound and uses window-functions.
 **
 **     (6c) The WHERE clause does not consist entirely of constants and
 **          copies of expressions found in the PARTITION BY clause of
 **          all window-functions used by the sub-query. It is safe to
-**          filter out entire partitions, as this does not change the 
+**          filter out entire partitions, as this does not change the
 **          window over which any window-function is calculated.
 **
 **   (7) The inner query is a Common Table Expression (CTE) that should
@@ -5153,7 +5160,7 @@ static int pushDownWhereTerms(
     int notUnionAll = 0;
     for(pSel=pSubq; pSel; pSel=pSel->pPrior){
       u8 op = pSel->op;
-      assert( op==TK_ALL || op==TK_SELECT 
+      assert( op==TK_ALL || op==TK_SELECT
            || op==TK_UNION || op==TK_INTERSECT || op==TK_EXCEPT );
       if( op!=TK_ALL && op!=TK_SELECT ){
         notUnionAll = 1;
@@ -5190,7 +5197,7 @@ static int pushDownWhereTerms(
   ** in the future.
   */
   {
-    Select *pX;  
+    Select *pX; 
     for(pX=pSubq; pX; pX=pX->pPrior){
       assert( (pX->selFlags & (SF_Recursive))==0 );
     }
@@ -5230,7 +5237,7 @@ static int pushDownWhereTerms(
     return 0; /* restriction (4) */
   }
   if( ExprHasProperty(pWhere,EP_OuterON)
-   && pWhere->w.iJoin!=iCursor 
+   && pWhere->w.iJoin!=iCursor
   ){
     return 0; /* restriction (5) */
   }
@@ -5295,12 +5302,12 @@ static int disableUnusedSubqueryResultColumns(SrcItem *pItem){
   assert( pItem->pSelect!=0 );
   pSub = pItem->pSelect;
   assert( pSub->pEList->nExpr==pTab->nCol );
-  if( (pSub->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))!=0 ){
-    testcase( pSub->selFlags & SF_Distinct );
-    testcase( pSub->selFlags & SF_Aggregate );
-    return 0;
-  }
   for(pX=pSub; pX; pX=pX->pPrior){
+    if( (pX->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))!=0 ){
+      testcase( pX->selFlags & SF_Distinct );
+      testcase( pX->selFlags & SF_Aggregate );
+      return 0;
+    }
     if( pX->pPrior && pX->op!=TK_ALL ){
       /* This optimization does not work for compound subqueries that
       ** use UNION, INTERSECT, or EXCEPT.  Only UNION ALL is allowed. */
@@ -5344,7 +5351,7 @@ static int disableUnusedSubqueryResultColumns(SrcItem *pItem){
 
 /*
 ** The pFunc is the only aggregate function in the query.  Check to see
-** if the query is a candidate for the min/max optimization. 
+** if the query is a candidate for the min/max optimization.
 **
 ** If the query is a candidate for the min/max optimization, then set
 ** *ppMinMax to be an ORDER BY clause to be used for the optimization
@@ -5370,7 +5377,7 @@ static u8 minMaxQuery(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pFunc, ExprList **ppMinMax){
   assert( !IsWindowFunc(pFunc) );
   assert( ExprUseXList(pFunc) );
   pEList = pFunc->x.pList;
-  if( pEList==0 
+  if( pEList==0
    || pEList->nExpr!=1
    || ExprHasProperty(pFunc, EP_WinFunc)
    || OptimizationDisabled(db, SQLITE_MinMaxOpt)
@@ -5398,7 +5405,7 @@ static u8 minMaxQuery(sqlite3 *db, Expr *pFunc, ExprList **ppMinMax){
 
 /*
 ** The select statement passed as the first argument is an aggregate query.
-** The second argument is the associated aggregate-info object. This 
+** The second argument is the associated aggregate-info object. This
 ** function tests if the SELECT is of the form:
 **
 **   SELECT count(*) FROM <tbl>
@@ -5419,8 +5426,8 @@ static Table *isSimpleCount(Select *p, AggInfo *pAggInfo){
 
   assert( !p->pGroupBy );
 
-  if( p->pWhere 
-   || p->pEList->nExpr!=1 
+  if( p->pWhere
+   || p->pEList->nExpr!=1
    || p->pSrc->nSrc!=1
    || p->pSrc->a[0].pSelect
    || pAggInfo->nFunc!=1
@@ -5448,8 +5455,8 @@ static Table *isSimpleCount(Select *p, AggInfo *pAggInfo){
 /*
 ** If the source-list item passed as an argument was augmented with an
 ** INDEXED BY clause, then try to locate the specified index. If there
-** was such a clause and the named index cannot be found, return 
-** SQLITE_ERROR and leave an error in pParse. Otherwise, populate 
+** was such a clause and the named index cannot be found, return
+** SQLITE_ERROR and leave an error in pParse. Otherwise, populate
 ** pFrom->pIndex and return SQLITE_OK.
 */
 int sqlite3IndexedByLookup(Parse *pParse, SrcItem *pFrom){
@@ -5459,8 +5466,8 @@ int sqlite3IndexedByLookup(Parse *pParse, SrcItem *pFrom){
   assert( pTab!=0 );
   assert( pFrom->fg.isIndexedBy!=0 );
 
-  for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex; 
-      pIdx && sqlite3StrICmp(pIdx->zName, zIndexedBy); 
+  for(pIdx=pTab->pIndex;
+      pIdx && sqlite3StrICmp(pIdx->zName, zIndexedBy);
       pIdx=pIdx->pNext
   );
   if( !pIdx ){
@@ -5474,7 +5481,7 @@ int sqlite3IndexedByLookup(Parse *pParse, SrcItem *pFrom){
 }
 
 /*
-** Detect compound SELECT statements that use an ORDER BY clause with 
+** Detect compound SELECT statements that use an ORDER BY clause with
 ** an alternative collating sequence.
 **
 **    SELECT ... FROM t1 EXCEPT SELECT ... FROM t2 ORDER BY .. COLLATE ...
@@ -5569,9 +5576,9 @@ static int cannotBeFunction(Parse *pParse, SrcItem *pFrom){
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
 /*
-** Argument pWith (which may be NULL) points to a linked list of nested 
-** WITH contexts, from inner to outermost. If the table identified by 
-** FROM clause element pItem is really a common-table-expression (CTE) 
+** Argument pWith (which may be NULL) points to a linked list of nested
+** WITH contexts, from inner to outermost. If the table identified by
+** FROM clause element pItem is really a common-table-expression (CTE)
 ** then return a pointer to the CTE definition for that table. Otherwise
 ** return NULL.
 **
@@ -5607,7 +5614,7 @@ static struct Cte *searchWith(
 ** onto the top of the stack. If argument bFree is true, then this
 ** WITH clause will never be popped from the stack but should instead
 ** be freed along with the Parse object. In other cases, when
-** bFree==0, the With object will be freed along with the SELECT 
+** bFree==0, the With object will be freed along with the SELECT
 ** statement with which it is associated.
 **
 ** This routine returns a copy of pWith.  Or, if bFree is true and
@@ -5620,7 +5627,7 @@ static struct Cte *searchWith(
 With *sqlite3WithPush(Parse *pParse, With *pWith, u8 bFree){
   if( pWith ){
     if( bFree ){
-      pWith = (With*)sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, 
+      pWith = (With*)sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse,
                       (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3WithDelete,
                       pWith);
       if( pWith==0 ) return 0;
@@ -5635,7 +5642,7 @@ With *sqlite3WithPush(Parse *pParse, With *pWith, u8 bFree){
 }
 
 /*
-** This function checks if argument pFrom refers to a CTE declared by 
+** This function checks if argument pFrom refers to a CTE declared by
 ** a WITH clause on the stack currently maintained by the parser (on the
 ** pParse->pWith linked list).  And if currently processing a CTE
 ** CTE expression, through routine checks to see if the reference is
@@ -5644,7 +5651,7 @@ With *sqlite3WithPush(Parse *pParse, With *pWith, u8 bFree){
 ** If pFrom matches a CTE according to either of these two above, pFrom->pTab
 ** and other fields are populated accordingly.
 **
-** Return 0 if no match is found. 
+** Return 0 if no match is found.
 ** Return 1 if a match is found.
 ** Return 2 if an error condition is detected.
 */
@@ -5743,8 +5750,8 @@ static int resolveFromTermToCte(
       assert( pRecTerm->pPrior!=0 );
       for(i=0; i<pSrc->nSrc; i++){
         SrcItem *pItem = &pSrc->a[i];
-        if( pItem->zDatabase==0 
-         && pItem->zName!=0 
+        if( pItem->zDatabase==0
+         && pItem->zName!=0
          && 0==sqlite3StrICmp(pItem->zName, pCte->zName)
         ){
           pItem->pTab = pTab;
@@ -5822,12 +5829,12 @@ static int resolveFromTermToCte(
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CTE
 /*
-** If the SELECT passed as the second argument has an associated WITH 
+** If the SELECT passed as the second argument has an associated WITH
 ** clause, pop it from the stack stored as part of the Parse object.
 **
 ** This function is used as the xSelectCallback2() callback by
 ** sqlite3SelectExpand() when walking a SELECT tree to resolve table
-** names and other FROM clause elements. 
+** names and other FROM clause elements.
 */
 void sqlite3SelectPopWith(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
   Parse *pParse = pWalker->pParse;
@@ -5907,7 +5914,7 @@ static int inAnyUsingClause(
 **    (1)  Make sure VDBE cursor numbers have been assigned to every
 **         element of the FROM clause.
 **
-**    (2)  Fill in the pTabList->a[].pTab fields in the SrcList that 
+**    (2)  Fill in the pTabList->a[].pTab fields in the SrcList that
 **         defines FROM clause.  When views appear in the FROM clause,
 **         fill pTabList->a[].pSelect with a copy of the SELECT statement
 **         that implements the view.  A copy is made of the view's SELECT
@@ -6106,12 +6113,20 @@ static int selectExpander(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
         ** expanded. */
         int tableSeen = 0;      /* Set to 1 when TABLE matches */
         char *zTName = 0;       /* text of name of TABLE */
+        int iErrOfst;
         if( pE->op==TK_DOT ){
+          assert( (selFlags & SF_NestedFrom)==0 );
           assert( pE->pLeft!=0 );
           assert( !ExprHasProperty(pE->pLeft, EP_IntValue) );
           zTName = pE->pLeft->u.zToken;
+          assert( ExprUseWOfst(pE->pLeft) );
+          iErrOfst = pE->pRight->w.iOfst;
+        }else{
+          assert( ExprUseWOfst(pE) );
+          iErrOfst = pE->w.iOfst;
         }
         for(i=0, pFrom=pTabList->a; i<pTabList->nSrc; i++, pFrom++){
+          int nAdd;                    /* Number of cols including rowid */
           Table *pTab = pFrom->pTab;   /* Table for this data source */
           ExprList *pNestedFrom;       /* Result-set of a nested FROM clause */
           char *zTabName;              /* AS name for this data source */
@@ -6129,6 +6144,7 @@ static int selectExpander(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
             pNestedFrom = pFrom->pSelect->pEList;
             assert( pNestedFrom!=0 );
             assert( pNestedFrom->nExpr==pTab->nCol );
+            assert( VisibleRowid(pTab)==0 );
           }else{
             if( zTName && sqlite3StrICmp(zTName, zTabName)!=0 ){
               continue;
@@ -6146,6 +6162,7 @@ static int selectExpander(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
             for(ii=0; ii<pUsing->nId; ii++){
               const char *zUName = pUsing->a[ii].zName;
               pRight = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zUName);
+              sqlite3ExprSetErrorOffset(pRight, iErrOfst);
               pNew = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pNew, pRight);
               if( pNew ){
                 struct ExprList_item *pX = &pNew->a[pNew->nExpr-1];
@@ -6158,33 +6175,48 @@ static int selectExpander(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
           }else{
             pUsing = 0;
           }
-          for(j=0; j<pTab->nCol; j++){
-            char *zName = pTab->aCol[j].zCnName;
+
+          nAdd = pTab->nCol + (VisibleRowid(pTab) && (selFlags&SF_NestedFrom));
+          for(j=0; j<nAdd; j++){
+            const char *zName; 
             struct ExprList_item *pX; /* Newly added ExprList term */
 
-            assert( zName );
-            if( zTName
-             && pNestedFrom
-             && sqlite3MatchEName(&pNestedFrom->a[j], 0, zTName, 0)==0
-            ){
-              continue;
-            }
+            if( j==pTab->nCol ){
+              zName = sqlite3RowidAlias(pTab);
+              if( zName==0 ) continue;
+            }else{
+              zName = pTab->aCol[j].zCnName;
 
-            /* If a column is marked as 'hidden', omit it from the expanded
-            ** result-set list unless the SELECT has the SF_IncludeHidden
-            ** bit set.
-            */
-            if( (p->selFlags & SF_IncludeHidden)==0
-             && IsHiddenColumn(&pTab->aCol[j]) 
-            ){
-              continue;
-            }
-            if( (pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_NOEXPAND)!=0
-             && zTName==0
-             && (selFlags & (SF_NestedFrom))==0
-            ){
-              continue;
+              /* If pTab is actually an SF_NestedFrom sub-select, do not
+              ** expand any ENAME_ROWID columns.  */
+              if( pNestedFrom && pNestedFrom->a[j].fg.eEName==ENAME_ROWID ){
+                continue;
+              }
+
+              if( zTName
+               && pNestedFrom
+               && sqlite3MatchEName(&pNestedFrom->a[j], 0, zTName, 0, 0)==0
+              ){
+                continue;
+              }
+
+              /* If a column is marked as 'hidden', omit it from the expanded
+              ** result-set list unless the SELECT has the SF_IncludeHidden
+              ** bit set.
+              */
+              if( (p->selFlags & SF_IncludeHidden)==0
+                && IsHiddenColumn(&pTab->aCol[j])
+              ){
+                continue;
+              }
+              if( (pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_NOEXPAND)!=0
+               && zTName==0
+               && (selFlags & (SF_NestedFrom))==0
+              ){
+                continue;
+              }
             }
+            assert( zName );
             tableSeen = 1;
 
             if( i>0 && zTName==0 && (selFlags & SF_NestedFrom)==0 ){
@@ -6218,6 +6250,7 @@ static int selectExpander(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
             }else{
               pExpr = pRight;
             }
+            sqlite3ExprSetErrorOffset(pExpr, iErrOfst);
             pNew = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pNew, pExpr);
             if( pNew==0 ){
               break;  /* OOM */
@@ -6233,11 +6266,11 @@ static int selectExpander(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
                                            zSchemaName, zTabName, zName);
                 testcase( pX->zEName==0 );
               }
-              pX->fg.eEName = ENAME_TAB;
+              pX->fg.eEName = (j==pTab->nCol ? ENAME_ROWID : ENAME_TAB);
               if( (pFrom->fg.isUsing
                    && sqlite3IdListIndex(pFrom->u3.pUsing, zName)>=0)
                || (pUsing && sqlite3IdListIndex(pUsing, zName)>=0)
-               || (pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_NOEXPAND)!=0
+               || (j<pTab->nCol && (pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_NOEXPAND))
               ){
                 pX->fg.bNoExpand = 1;
               }
@@ -6417,9 +6450,9 @@ static void printAggInfo(AggInfo *pAggInfo){
     sqlite3DebugPrintf(
        "agg-column[%d] pTab=%s iTable=%d iColumn=%d iMem=%d"
        " iSorterColumn=%d %s\n",
-       ii, pCol->pTab ? pCol->pTab->zName : "NULL", 
+       ii, pCol->pTab ? pCol->pTab->zName : "NULL",
        pCol->iTable, pCol->iColumn, pAggInfo->iFirstReg+ii,
-       pCol->iSorterColumn, 
+       pCol->iSorterColumn,
        ii>=pAggInfo->nAccumulator ? "" : " Accumulator");
     sqlite3TreeViewExpr(0, pAggInfo->aCol[ii].pCExpr, 0);
   }
@@ -6458,8 +6491,14 @@ static void analyzeAggFuncArgs(
   pNC->ncFlags |= NC_InAggFunc;
   for(i=0; i<pAggInfo->nFunc; i++){
     Expr *pExpr = pAggInfo->aFunc[i].pFExpr;
+    assert( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION || pExpr->op==TK_AGG_FUNCTION );
     assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr) );
     sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(pNC, pExpr->x.pList);
+    if( pExpr->pLeft ){
+      assert( pExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
+      assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr->pLeft) );
+      sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(pNC, pExpr->pLeft->x.pList);
+    }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
     assert( !IsWindowFunc(pExpr) );
     if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
@@ -6534,7 +6573,7 @@ static int aggregateIdxEprRefToColCallback(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   pExpr->op = TK_AGG_COLUMN;
   pExpr->iTable = pCol->iTable;
   pExpr->iColumn = pCol->iColumn;
-  ExprClearProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip|EP_Collate);
+  ExprClearProperty(pExpr, EP_Skip|EP_Collate|EP_Unlikely);
   return WRC_Prune;
 }
 
@@ -6565,7 +6604,7 @@ static void aggregateConvertIndexedExprRefToColumn(AggInfo *pAggInfo){
 **     *  The aCol[] and aFunc[] arrays may be modified
 **     *  The AggInfoColumnReg() and AggInfoFuncReg() macros may not be used
 **
-** After clling this routine:
+** After calling this routine:
 **
 **     *  The aCol[] and aFunc[] arrays are fixed
 **     *  The AggInfoColumnReg() and AggInfoFuncReg() macros may be used
@@ -6608,12 +6647,38 @@ static void resetAccumulator(Parse *pParse, AggInfo *pAggInfo){
         pFunc->iDistinct = -1;
       }else{
         KeyInfo *pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse, pE->x.pList,0,0);
-        pFunc->iDistAddr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, 
+        pFunc->iDistAddr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_OpenEphemeral,
             pFunc->iDistinct, 0, 0, (char*)pKeyInfo, P4_KEYINFO);
         ExplainQueryPlan((pParse, 0, "USE TEMP B-TREE FOR %s(DISTINCT)",
                           pFunc->pFunc->zName));
       }
     }
+    if( pFunc->iOBTab>=0 ){
+      ExprList *pOBList;
+      KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;
+      int nExtra = 0;
+      assert( pFunc->pFExpr->pLeft!=0 );
+      assert( pFunc->pFExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
+      assert( ExprUseXList(pFunc->pFExpr->pLeft) );
+      pOBList = pFunc->pFExpr->pLeft->x.pList;
+      if( !pFunc->bOBUnique ){
+        nExtra++;  /* One extra column for the OP_Sequence */
+      }
+      if( pFunc->bOBPayload ){
+        /* extra columns for the function arguments */
+        assert( ExprUseXList(pFunc->pFExpr) );
+        nExtra += pFunc->pFExpr->x.pList->nExpr;
+      }
+      pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse, pOBList, 0, nExtra);
+      if( !pFunc->bOBUnique && pParse->nErr==0 ){
+        pKeyInfo->nKeyField++;
+      }
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_OpenEphemeral,
+            pFunc->iOBTab, pOBList->nExpr+nExtra, 0,
+            (char*)pKeyInfo, P4_KEYINFO);
+      ExplainQueryPlan((pParse, 0, "USE TEMP B-TREE FOR %s(ORDER BY)",
+                          pFunc->pFunc->zName));
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -6629,13 +6694,46 @@ static void finalizeAggFunctions(Parse *pParse, AggInfo *pAggInfo){
     ExprList *pList;
     assert( ExprUseXList(pF->pFExpr) );
     pList = pF->pFExpr->x.pList;
+    if( pF->iOBTab>=0 ){
+      /* For an ORDER BY aggregate, calls to OP_AggStep where deferred and
+      ** all content was stored in emphermal table pF->iOBTab.  Extract that
+      ** content now (in ORDER BY order) and make all calls to OP_AggStep
+      ** before doing the OP_AggFinal call. */
+      int iTop;        /* Start of loop for extracting columns */
+      int nArg;        /* Number of columns to extract */
+      int nKey;        /* Key columns to be skipped */
+      int regAgg;      /* Extract into this array */
+      int j;           /* Loop counter */
+      
+      nArg = pList->nExpr;
+      regAgg = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nArg);
+
+      if( pF->bOBPayload==0 ){
+        nKey = 0;
+      }else{
+        assert( pF->pFExpr->pLeft!=0 );
+        assert( ExprUseXList(pF->pFExpr->pLeft) );
+        assert( pF->pFExpr->pLeft->x.pList!=0 );
+        nKey = pF->pFExpr->pLeft->x.pList->nExpr;
+        if( ALWAYS(!pF->bOBUnique) ) nKey++;
+      }
+      iTop = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Rewind, pF->iOBTab); VdbeCoverage(v);
+      for(j=nArg-1; j>=0; j--){
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, pF->iOBTab, nKey+j, regAgg+j);
+      }
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_AggStep, 0, regAgg, AggInfoFuncReg(pAggInfo,i));
+      sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pF->pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);
+      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)nArg);
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Next, pF->iOBTab, iTop+1); VdbeCoverage(v);
+      sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, iTop);
+      sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regAgg, nArg);
+    }
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AggFinal, AggInfoFuncReg(pAggInfo,i),
                       pList ? pList->nExpr : 0);
     sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pF->pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);
   }
 }
 
-
 /*
 ** Generate code that will update the accumulator memory cells for an
 ** aggregate based on the current cursor position.
@@ -6644,10 +6742,17 @@ static void finalizeAggFunctions(Parse *pParse, AggInfo *pAggInfo){
 ** in pAggInfo, then only populate the pAggInfo->nAccumulator accumulator
 ** registers if register regAcc contains 0. The caller will take care
 ** of setting and clearing regAcc.
+**
+** For an ORDER BY aggregate, the actual accumulator memory cell update
+** is deferred until after all input rows have been received, so that they
+** can be run in the requested order.  In that case, instead of invoking
+** OP_AggStep to update the accumulator, just add the arguments that would
+** have been passed into OP_AggStep into the sorting ephemeral table
+** (along with the appropriate sort key).
 */
 static void updateAccumulator(
-  Parse *pParse, 
-  int regAcc, 
+  Parse *pParse,
+  int regAcc,
   AggInfo *pAggInfo,
   int eDistinctType
 ){
@@ -6665,14 +6770,16 @@ static void updateAccumulator(
     int nArg;
     int addrNext = 0;
     int regAgg;
+    int regAggSz = 0;
+    int regDistinct = 0;
     ExprList *pList;
     assert( ExprUseXList(pF->pFExpr) );
     assert( !IsWindowFunc(pF->pFExpr) );
     pList = pF->pFExpr->x.pList;
     if( ExprHasProperty(pF->pFExpr, EP_WinFunc) ){
       Expr *pFilter = pF->pFExpr->y.pWin->pFilter;
-      if( pAggInfo->nAccumulator 
-       && (pF->pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL) 
+      if( pAggInfo->nAccumulator
+       && (pF->pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL)
        && regAcc
       ){
         /* If regAcc==0, there there exists some min() or max() function
@@ -6681,7 +6788,7 @@ static void updateAccumulator(
         if( regHit==0 ) regHit = ++pParse->nMem;
         /* If this is the first row of the group (regAcc contains 0), clear the
         ** "magnet" register regHit so that the accumulator registers
-        ** are populated if the FILTER clause jumps over the the 
+        ** are populated if the FILTER clause jumps over the the
         ** invocation of min() or max() altogether. Or, if this is not
         ** the first row (regAcc contains 1), set the magnet register so that
         ** the accumulators are not populated unless the min()/max() is invoked
@@ -6691,39 +6798,85 @@ static void updateAccumulator(
       addrNext = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
       sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pFilter, addrNext, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
     }
-    if( pList ){
+    if( pF->iOBTab>=0 ){
+      /* Instead of invoking AggStep, we must push the arguments that would
+      ** have been passed to AggStep onto the sorting table. */
+      int jj;                /* Registered used so far in building the record */
+      ExprList *pOBList;     /* The ORDER BY clause */
+      assert( pList!=0 );
+      nArg = pList->nExpr;
+      assert( nArg>0 );
+      assert( pF->pFExpr->pLeft!=0 );
+      assert( pF->pFExpr->pLeft->op==TK_ORDER );
+      assert( ExprUseXList(pF->pFExpr->pLeft) );
+      pOBList = pF->pFExpr->pLeft->x.pList;
+      assert( pOBList!=0 );
+      assert( pOBList->nExpr>0 );
+      regAggSz = pOBList->nExpr;
+      if( !pF->bOBUnique ){
+        regAggSz++;   /* One register for OP_Sequence */
+      }
+      if( pF->bOBPayload ){
+        regAggSz += nArg;
+      }
+      regAggSz++;  /* One extra register to hold result of MakeRecord */
+      regAgg = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, regAggSz);
+      regDistinct = regAgg;
+      sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pOBList, regAgg, 0, SQLITE_ECEL_DUP);
+      jj = pOBList->nExpr;
+      if( !pF->bOBUnique ){
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Sequence, pF->iOBTab, regAgg+jj);
+        jj++;
+      }
+      if( pF->bOBPayload ){
+        regDistinct = regAgg+jj;
+        sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pList, regDistinct, 0, SQLITE_ECEL_DUP);
+      }
+    }else if( pList ){
       nArg = pList->nExpr;
       regAgg = sqlite3GetTempRange(pParse, nArg);
+      regDistinct = regAgg;
       sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(pParse, pList, regAgg, 0, SQLITE_ECEL_DUP);
     }else{
       nArg = 0;
       regAgg = 0;
     }
     if( pF->iDistinct>=0 && pList ){
-      if( addrNext==0 ){ 
+      if( addrNext==0 ){
         addrNext = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
       }
-      pF->iDistinct = codeDistinct(pParse, eDistinctType, 
-          pF->iDistinct, addrNext, pList, regAgg);
-    }
-    if( pF->pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL ){
-      CollSeq *pColl = 0;
-      struct ExprList_item *pItem;
-      int j;
-      assert( pList!=0 );  /* pList!=0 if pF->pFunc has NEEDCOLL */
-      for(j=0, pItem=pList->a; !pColl && j<nArg; j++, pItem++){
-        pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pItem->pExpr);
-      }
-      if( !pColl ){
-        pColl = pParse->db->pDfltColl;
+      pF->iDistinct = codeDistinct(pParse, eDistinctType,
+          pF->iDistinct, addrNext, pList, regDistinct);
+    }
+    if( pF->iOBTab>=0 ){
+      /* Insert a new record into the ORDER BY table */
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regAgg, regAggSz-1,
+                        regAgg+regAggSz-1);
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_IdxInsert, pF->iOBTab, regAgg+regAggSz-1,
+                           regAgg, regAggSz-1);
+      sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regAgg, regAggSz);
+    }else{
+      /* Invoke the AggStep function */
+      if( pF->pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL ){
+        CollSeq *pColl = 0;
+        struct ExprList_item *pItem;
+        int j;
+        assert( pList!=0 );  /* pList!=0 if pF->pFunc has NEEDCOLL */
+        for(j=0, pItem=pList->a; !pColl && j<nArg; j++, pItem++){
+          pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, pItem->pExpr);
+        }
+        if( !pColl ){
+          pColl = pParse->db->pDfltColl;
+        }
+        if( regHit==0 && pAggInfo->nAccumulator ) regHit = ++pParse->nMem;
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_CollSeq, regHit, 0, 0,
+                         (char *)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
       }
-      if( regHit==0 && pAggInfo->nAccumulator ) regHit = ++pParse->nMem;
-      sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_CollSeq, regHit, 0, 0, (char *)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_AggStep, 0, regAgg, AggInfoFuncReg(pAggInfo,i));
+      sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pF->pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);
+      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)nArg);
+      sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regAgg, nArg);
     }
-    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_AggStep, 0, regAgg, AggInfoFuncReg(pAggInfo,i));
-    sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pF->pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);
-    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)nArg);
-    sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regAgg, nArg);
     if( addrNext ){
       sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrNext);
     }
@@ -6770,10 +6923,10 @@ static void explainSimpleCount(
 /*
 ** sqlite3WalkExpr() callback used by havingToWhere().
 **
-** If the node passed to the callback is a TK_AND node, return 
+** If the node passed to the callback is a TK_AND node, return
 ** WRC_Continue to tell sqlite3WalkExpr() to iterate through child nodes.
 **
-** Otherwise, return WRC_Prune. In this case, also check if the 
+** Otherwise, return WRC_Prune. In this case, also check if the
 ** sub-expression matches the criteria for being moved to the WHERE
 ** clause. If so, add it to the WHERE clause and replace the sub-expression
 ** within the HAVING expression with a constant "1".
@@ -6788,7 +6941,7 @@ static int havingToWhereExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
     ** belongs to an outer query. Do not move the expression to the WHERE
     ** clause in this obscure case, as doing so may corrupt the outer Select
     ** statements AggInfo structure.  */
-    if( sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(pWalker->pParse, pExpr, pS->pGroupBy) 
+    if( sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrGroupBy(pWalker->pParse, pExpr, pS->pGroupBy)
      && ExprAlwaysFalse(pExpr)==0
      && pExpr->pAggInfo==0
     ){
@@ -7066,7 +7219,7 @@ static int fromClauseTermCanBeCoroutine(
 }
 
 /*
-** Generate code for the SELECT statement given in the p argument.  
+** Generate code for the SELECT statement given in the p argument. 
 **
 ** The results are returned according to the SelectDest structure.
 ** See comments in sqliteInt.h for further information.
@@ -7125,7 +7278,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
   assert( p->pOrderBy==0 || pDest->eDest!=SRT_DistQueue );
   assert( p->pOrderBy==0 || pDest->eDest!=SRT_Queue );
   if( IgnorableDistinct(pDest) ){
-    assert(pDest->eDest==SRT_Exists     || pDest->eDest==SRT_Union || 
+    assert(pDest->eDest==SRT_Exists     || pDest->eDest==SRT_Union ||
            pDest->eDest==SRT_Except     || pDest->eDest==SRT_Discard ||
            pDest->eDest==SRT_DistQueue  || pDest->eDest==SRT_DistFifo );
     /* All of these destinations are also able to ignore the ORDER BY clause */
@@ -7135,7 +7288,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       if( sqlite3TreeTrace & 0x800 ){
         sqlite3TreeViewExprList(0, p->pOrderBy, 0, "ORDERBY");
       }
-#endif    
+#endif   
       sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse,
         (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3ExprListDelete,
         p->pOrderBy);
@@ -7160,18 +7313,18 @@ int sqlite3Select(
 
   /* If the SF_UFSrcCheck flag is set, then this function is being called
   ** as part of populating the temp table for an UPDATE...FROM statement.
-  ** In this case, it is an error if the target object (pSrc->a[0]) name 
-  ** or alias is duplicated within FROM clause (pSrc->a[1..n]).  
+  ** In this case, it is an error if the target object (pSrc->a[0]) name
+  ** or alias is duplicated within FROM clause (pSrc->a[1..n]). 
   **
-  ** Postgres disallows this case too. The reason is that some other 
-  ** systems handle this case differently, and not all the same way, 
+  ** Postgres disallows this case too. The reason is that some other
+  ** systems handle this case differently, and not all the same way,
   ** which is just confusing. To avoid this, we follow PG's lead and
   ** disallow it altogether.  */
   if( p->selFlags & SF_UFSrcCheck ){
     SrcItem *p0 = &p->pSrc->a[0];
     if( sameSrcAlias(p0, p->pSrc) ){
-      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
-          "target object/alias may not appear in FROM clause: %s", 
+      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+          "target object/alias may not appear in FROM clause: %s",
           p0->zAlias ? p0->zAlias : p0->pTab->zName
       );
       goto select_end;
@@ -7219,22 +7372,59 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     ** to a real table */
     assert( pTab!=0 );
 
-    /* Convert LEFT JOIN into JOIN if there are terms of the right table
-    ** of the LEFT JOIN used in the WHERE clause.
+    /* Try to simplify joins:
+    **
+    **      LEFT JOIN  ->  JOIN
+    **     RIGHT JOIN  ->  JOIN
+    **      FULL JOIN  ->  RIGHT JOIN
+    **
+    ** If terms of the i-th table are used in the WHERE clause in such a
+    ** way that the i-th table cannot be the NULL row of a join, then
+    ** perform the appropriate simplification. This is called
+    ** "OUTER JOIN strength reduction" in the SQLite documentation.
     */
-    if( (pItem->fg.jointype & (JT_LEFT|JT_RIGHT))==JT_LEFT
-     && sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(p->pWhere, pItem->iCursor)
+    if( (pItem->fg.jointype & (JT_LEFT|JT_LTORJ))!=0
+     && sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(p->pWhere, pItem->iCursor,
+                                     pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LTORJ)
      && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_SimplifyJoin)
     ){
-      TREETRACE(0x1000,pParse,p,
-                ("LEFT-JOIN simplifies to JOIN on term %d\n",i));
-      pItem->fg.jointype &= ~(JT_LEFT|JT_OUTER);
+      if( pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT ){
+        if( pItem->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT ){
+          TREETRACE(0x1000,pParse,p,
+                    ("FULL-JOIN simplifies to RIGHT-JOIN on term %d\n",i));
+          pItem->fg.jointype &= ~JT_LEFT;
+        }else{
+          TREETRACE(0x1000,pParse,p,
+                    ("LEFT-JOIN simplifies to JOIN on term %d\n",i));
+          pItem->fg.jointype &= ~(JT_LEFT|JT_OUTER);
+        }
+      }
+      if( pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LTORJ ){
+        for(j=i+1; j<pTabList->nSrc; j++){
+          SrcItem *pI2 = &pTabList->a[j];
+          if( pI2->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT ){
+            if( pI2->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT ){
+              TREETRACE(0x1000,pParse,p,
+                        ("FULL-JOIN simplifies to LEFT-JOIN on term %d\n",j));
+              pI2->fg.jointype &= ~JT_RIGHT;
+            }else{
+              TREETRACE(0x1000,pParse,p,
+                        ("RIGHT-JOIN simplifies to JOIN on term %d\n",j));
+              pI2->fg.jointype &= ~(JT_RIGHT|JT_OUTER);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        for(j=pTabList->nSrc-1; j>=i; j--){
+          pTabList->a[j].fg.jointype &= ~JT_LTORJ;
+          if( pTabList->a[j].fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT ) break;
+        }
+      }
       assert( pItem->iCursor>=0 );
       unsetJoinExpr(p->pWhere, pItem->iCursor,
                     pTabList->a[0].fg.jointype & JT_LTORJ);
     }
 
-    /* No futher action if this term of the FROM clause is not a subquery */
+    /* No further action if this term of the FROM clause is not a subquery */
     if( pSub==0 ) continue;
 
     /* Catch mismatch in the declared columns of a view and the number of
@@ -7245,6 +7435,14 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       goto select_end;
     }
 
+    /* Do not attempt the usual optimizations (flattening and ORDER BY
+    ** elimination) on a MATERIALIZED common table expression because
+    ** a MATERIALIZED common table expression is an optimization fence.
+    */
+    if( pItem->fg.isCte && pItem->u2.pCteUse->eM10d==M10d_Yes ){
+      continue;
+    }
+
     /* Do not try to flatten an aggregate subquery.
     **
     ** Flattening an aggregate subquery is only possible if the outer query
@@ -7274,6 +7472,8 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     **            (a)  The outer query has a different ORDER BY clause
     **            (b)  The subquery is part of a join
     **          See forum post 062d576715d277c8
+    **
+    ** Also retain the ORDER BY if the OmitOrderBy optimization is disabled.
     */
     if( pSub->pOrderBy!=0
      && (p->pOrderBy!=0 || pTabList->nSrc>1)      /* Condition (5) */
@@ -7284,7 +7484,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     ){
       TREETRACE(0x800,pParse,p,
                 ("omit superfluous ORDER BY on %r FROM-clause subquery\n",i+1));
-      sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, 
+      sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse,
          (void(*)(sqlite3*,void*))sqlite3ExprListDelete,
          pSub->pOrderBy);
       pSub->pOrderBy = 0;
@@ -7429,7 +7629,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     ** inside the subquery.  This can help the subquery to run more efficiently.
     */
     if( OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_PushDown)
-     && (pItem->fg.isCte==0 
+     && (pItem->fg.isCte==0
          || (pItem->u2.pCteUse->eM10d!=M10d_Yes && pItem->u2.pCteUse->nUse<2))
      && pushDownWhereTerms(pParse, pSub, p->pWhere, pTabList, i)
     ){
@@ -7471,7 +7671,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       ** set on each invocation.
       */
       int addrTop = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+1;
-     
+    
       pItem->regReturn = ++pParse->nMem;
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_InitCoroutine, pItem->regReturn, 0, addrTop);
       VdbeComment((v, "%!S", pItem));
@@ -7488,7 +7688,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     }else if( pItem->fg.isCte && pItem->u2.pCteUse->addrM9e>0 ){
       /* This is a CTE for which materialization code has already been
       ** generated.  Invoke the subroutine to compute the materialization,
-      ** the make the pItem->iCursor be a copy of the ephemerial table that
+      ** the make the pItem->iCursor be a copy of the ephemeral table that
       ** holds the result of the materialization. */
       CteUse *pCteUse = pItem->u2.pCteUse;
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, pCteUse->regRtn, pCteUse->addrM9e);
@@ -7568,7 +7768,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
   }
 #endif
 
-  /* If the query is DISTINCT with an ORDER BY but is not an aggregate, and 
+  /* If the query is DISTINCT with an ORDER BY but is not an aggregate, and
   ** if the select-list is the same as the ORDER BY list, then this query
   ** can be rewritten as a GROUP BY. In other words, this:
   **
@@ -7578,12 +7778,12 @@ int sqlite3Select(
   **
   **     SELECT xyz FROM ... GROUP BY xyz ORDER BY xyz
   **
-  ** The second form is preferred as a single index (or temp-table) may be 
-  ** used for both the ORDER BY and DISTINCT processing. As originally 
-  ** written the query must use a temp-table for at least one of the ORDER 
+  ** The second form is preferred as a single index (or temp-table) may be
+  ** used for both the ORDER BY and DISTINCT processing. As originally
+  ** written the query must use a temp-table for at least one of the ORDER
   ** BY and DISTINCT, and an index or separate temp-table for the other.
   */
-  if( (p->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))==SF_Distinct 
+  if( (p->selFlags & (SF_Distinct|SF_Aggregate))==SF_Distinct
    && sqlite3ExprListCompare(sSort.pOrderBy, pEList, -1)==0
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
    && p->pWin==0
@@ -7705,7 +7905,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     }
     TREETRACE(0x2,pParse,p,("WhereBegin returns\n"));
 
-    /* If sorting index that was created by a prior OP_OpenEphemeral 
+    /* If sorting index that was created by a prior OP_OpenEphemeral
     ** instruction ended up not being needed, then change the OP_OpenEphemeral
     ** into an OP_Noop.
     */
@@ -7778,8 +7978,8 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       if( p->nSelectRow>66 ) p->nSelectRow = 66;
 
       /* If there is both a GROUP BY and an ORDER BY clause and they are
-      ** identical, then it may be possible to disable the ORDER BY clause 
-      ** on the grounds that the GROUP BY will cause elements to come out 
+      ** identical, then it may be possible to disable the ORDER BY clause
+      ** on the grounds that the GROUP BY will cause elements to come out
       ** in the correct order. It also may not - the GROUP BY might use a
       ** database index that causes rows to be grouped together as required
       ** but not actually sorted. Either way, record the fact that the
@@ -7789,8 +7989,8 @@ int sqlite3Select(
         int ii;
         /* The GROUP BY processing doesn't care whether rows are delivered in
         ** ASC or DESC order - only that each group is returned contiguously.
-        ** So set the ASC/DESC flags in the GROUP BY to match those in the 
-        ** ORDER BY to maximize the chances of rows being delivered in an 
+        ** So set the ASC/DESC flags in the GROUP BY to match those in the
+        ** ORDER BY to maximize the chances of rows being delivered in an
         ** order that makes the ORDER BY redundant.  */
         for(ii=0; ii<pGroupBy->nExpr; ii++){
           u8 sortFlags;
@@ -7871,7 +8071,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
     */
     if( pGroupBy ){
       KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;  /* Keying information for the group by clause */
-      int addr1;          /* A-vs-B comparision jump */
+      int addr1;          /* A-vs-B comparison jump */
       int addrOutputRow;  /* Start of subroutine that outputs a result row */
       int regOutputRow;   /* Return address register for output subroutine */
       int addrSetAbort;   /* Set the abort flag and return */
@@ -7883,7 +8083,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       u16 distFlag = 0;
       int eDist = WHERE_DISTINCT_NOOP;
 
-      if( pAggInfo->nFunc==1 
+      if( pAggInfo->nFunc==1
        && pAggInfo->aFunc[0].iDistinct>=0
        && ALWAYS(pAggInfo->aFunc[0].pFExpr!=0)
        && ALWAYS(ExprUseXList(pAggInfo->aFunc[0].pFExpr))
@@ -7899,13 +8099,13 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       /* If there is a GROUP BY clause we might need a sorting index to
       ** implement it.  Allocate that sorting index now.  If it turns out
       ** that we do not need it after all, the OP_SorterOpen instruction
-      ** will be converted into a Noop.  
+      ** will be converted into a Noop. 
       */
       pAggInfo->sortingIdx = pParse->nTab++;
       pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse, pGroupBy,
                                             0, pAggInfo->nColumn);
-      addrSortingIdx = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_SorterOpen, 
-          pAggInfo->sortingIdx, pAggInfo->nSortingColumn, 
+      addrSortingIdx = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_SorterOpen,
+          pAggInfo->sortingIdx, pAggInfo->nSortingColumn,
           0, (char*)pKeyInfo, P4_KEYINFO);
 
       /* Initialize memory locations used by GROUP BY aggregate processing
@@ -7932,7 +8132,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Gosub, regReset, addrReset);
       TREETRACE(0x2,pParse,p,("WhereBegin\n"));
       pWInfo = sqlite3WhereBegin(pParse, pTabList, pWhere, pGroupBy, pDistinct,
-          p, (sDistinct.isTnct==2 ? WHERE_DISTINCTBY : WHERE_GROUPBY) 
+          p, (sDistinct.isTnct==2 ? WHERE_DISTINCTBY : WHERE_GROUPBY)
           |  (orderByGrp ? WHERE_SORTBYGROUP : 0) | distFlag, 0
       );
       if( pWInfo==0 ){
@@ -7962,9 +8162,13 @@ int sqlite3Select(
         int nCol;
         int nGroupBy;
 
-        explainTempTable(pParse, 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+        int addrExp;              /* Address of OP_Explain instruction */
+#endif
+        ExplainQueryPlan2(addrExp, (pParse, 0, "USE TEMP B-TREE FOR %s",
             (sDistinct.isTnct && (p->selFlags&SF_Distinct)==0) ?
-                    "DISTINCT" : "GROUP BY");
+                    "DISTINCT" : "GROUP BY"
+        ));
 
         groupBySort = 1;
         nGroupBy = pGroupBy->nExpr;
@@ -7989,18 +8193,23 @@ int sqlite3Select(
         }
         pAggInfo->directMode = 0;
         regRecord = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
+        sqlite3VdbeScanStatusCounters(v, addrExp, 0, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v));
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regBase, nCol, regRecord);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterInsert, pAggInfo->sortingIdx, regRecord);
+        sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExp, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-2, -1);
         sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRecord);
         sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(pParse, regBase, nCol);
         TREETRACE(0x2,pParse,p,("WhereEnd\n"));
         sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
         pAggInfo->sortingIdxPTab = sortPTab = pParse->nTab++;
         sortOut = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
+        sqlite3VdbeScanStatusCounters(v, addrExp, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v), 0);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenPseudo, sortPTab, sortOut, nCol);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_SorterSort, pAggInfo->sortingIdx, addrEnd);
         VdbeComment((v, "GROUP BY sort")); VdbeCoverage(v);
         pAggInfo->useSortingIdx = 1;
+        sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExp, -1, sortPTab);
+        sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExp, -1, pAggInfo->sortingIdx);
       }
 
       /* If there are entries in pAgggInfo->aFunc[] that contain subexpressions
@@ -8025,9 +8234,9 @@ int sqlite3Select(
       ** clause, cancel the ephemeral table open coded earlier.
       **
       ** This is an optimization - the correct answer should result regardless.
-      ** Use the SQLITE_GroupByOrder flag with SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZER to 
+      ** Use the SQLITE_GroupByOrder flag with SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZER to
       ** disable this optimization for testing purposes.  */
-      if( orderByGrp && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_GroupByOrder) 
+      if( orderByGrp && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_GroupByOrder)
        && (groupBySort || sqlite3WhereIsSorted(pWInfo))
       ){
         sSort.pOrderBy = 0;
@@ -8173,7 +8382,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
         **
         ** (2013-10-03) Do not count the entries in a partial index.
         **
-        ** In practice the KeyInfo structure will not be used. It is only 
+        ** In practice the KeyInfo structure will not be used. It is only
         ** passed to keep OP_OpenRead happy.
         */
         if( !HasRowid(pTab) ) pBest = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
@@ -8215,7 +8424,7 @@ int sqlite3Select(
         ** that the accumulator registers are (a) updated only once if
         ** there are no min() or max functions or (b) always updated for the
         ** first row visited by the aggregate, so that they are updated at
-        ** least once even if the FILTER clause means the min() or max() 
+        ** least once even if the FILTER clause means the min() or max()
         ** function visits zero rows.  */
         if( pAggInfo->nAccumulator ){
           for(i=0; i<pAggInfo->nFunc; i++){
@@ -8279,11 +8488,11 @@ int sqlite3Select(
 
       sSort.pOrderBy = 0;
       sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pHaving, addrEnd, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
-      selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, -1, 0, 0, 
+      selectInnerLoop(pParse, p, -1, 0, 0,
                       pDest, addrEnd, addrEnd);
     }
     sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel(v, addrEnd);
-    
+
   } /* endif aggregate query */
 
   if( sDistinct.eTnctType==WHERE_DISTINCT_UNORDERED ){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/shell.c.in b/sqlite/src/shell.c.in
index 72e44984..ad16d720 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/shell.c.in
+++ b/sqlite/src/shell.c.in
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ typedef unsigned char u8;
 #if SQLITE_OS_WINRT
 #include <intrin.h>
 #endif
+#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #include <windows.h>
 
@@ -448,20 +449,25 @@ static int bail_on_error = 0;
 */
 static int stdin_is_interactive = 1;
 
+/*
+** If build is for non-RT Windows, without 3rd-party line editing,
+** console input and output may be done in a UTF-8 compatible way,
+** if the OS is capable of it and the --no-utf8 option is not seen.
+*/
 #if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)) && SHELL_USE_LOCAL_GETLINE \
-  && !defined(SHELL_OMIT_WIN_UTF8)
+  && !defined(SHELL_OMIT_WIN_UTF8) && !SQLITE_OS_WINRT
 # define SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT 1
+/* Record whether to do UTF-8 console I/O translation per stream. */
+  static int console_utf8_in = 0;
+  static int console_utf8_out = 0;
+/* Record whether can do UTF-8 or --no-utf8 seen in invocation. */
+  static int mbcs_opted = 1; /* Assume cannot do until shown otherwise. */
 #else
+# define console_utf8_in 0
+# define console_utf8_out 0
 # define SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT 0
 #endif
 
-#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-/*
-** Setup console for UTF-8 input/output when following variable true.
-*/
-static int console_utf8 = 0;
-#endif
-
 /*
 ** On Windows systems we have to know if standard output is a console
 ** in order to translate UTF-8 into MBCS.  The following variable is
@@ -595,13 +601,13 @@ static char *dynamicContinuePrompt(void){
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_DYNAPROMPT) */
 
 #if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-/* Following struct is used for -utf8 operation. */
+/* Following struct is used for UTF-8 console I/O. */
 static struct ConsoleState {
   int stdinEof;      /* EOF has been seen on console input */
   int infsMode;      /* Input file stream mode upon shell start */
   UINT inCodePage;   /* Input code page upon shell start */
   UINT outCodePage;  /* Output code page upon shell start */
-  HANDLE hConsoleIn; /* Console input handle */
+  HANDLE hConsole;   /* Console input or output handle */
   DWORD consoleMode; /* Console mode upon shell start */
 } conState = { 0, 0, 0, 0, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, 0 };
 
@@ -610,50 +616,123 @@ static struct ConsoleState {
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Prepare console, (if known to be a WIN32 console), for UTF-8
-** input (from either typing or suitable paste operations) and for
-** UTF-8 rendering. This may "fail" with a message to stderr, where
-** the preparation is not done and common "code page" issues occur.
+** If given stream number is a console, return 1 and get some attributes,
+** else return 0 and set the output attributes to invalid values.
 */
-static void console_prepare(void){
-  HANDLE hCI = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
-  DWORD consoleMode = 0;
-  if( isatty(0) && GetFileType(hCI)==FILE_TYPE_CHAR
-      && GetConsoleMode( hCI, &consoleMode) ){
-    if( !IsValidCodePage(CP_UTF8) ){
-      fprintf(stderr, "Cannot use UTF-8 code page.\n");
-      console_utf8 = 0;
-      return;
-    }
-    conState.hConsoleIn = hCI;
-    conState.consoleMode = consoleMode;
-    conState.inCodePage = GetConsoleCP();
-    conState.outCodePage = GetConsoleOutputCP();
-    SetConsoleCP(CP_UTF8);
+static short console_attrs(unsigned stnum, HANDLE *pH, DWORD *pConsMode){
+  static int stid[3] = { STD_INPUT_HANDLE,STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE,STD_ERROR_HANDLE };
+  HANDLE h;
+  *pH = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+  *pConsMode = 0;
+  if( stnum > 2 ) return 0;
+  h = GetStdHandle(stid[stnum]);
+  if( h!=*pH && GetFileType(h)==FILE_TYPE_CHAR && GetConsoleMode(h,pConsMode) ){
+    *pH = h;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Perform a runtime test of Windows console to determine if it can
+** do char-stream I/O correctly when the code page is set to CP_UTF8.
+** Returns are: 1 => yes it can, 0 => no it cannot
+**
+** The console's output code page is momentarily set, then restored.
+** So this should only be run when the process is given use of the
+** console for either input or output.
+*/
+static short ConsoleDoesUTF8(void){
+  UINT ocp = GetConsoleOutputCP();
+  const char TrialUtf8[] = { '\xC8', '\xAB' }; /* "ȫ" or 2 MBCS characters */
+  WCHAR aReadBack[1] = { 0 }; /* Read back as 0x022B when decoded as UTF-8. */
+  CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbInfo = {0};
+  /* Create an inactive screen buffer with which to do the experiment. */
+  HANDLE hCSB = CreateConsoleScreenBuffer(GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE, 0, 0,
+                                          CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER, NULL);
+  if( hCSB!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ){
+    COORD cpos = {0,0};
+    DWORD rbc;
+    SetConsoleCursorPosition(hCSB, cpos);
     SetConsoleOutputCP(CP_UTF8);
-    consoleMode |= ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT;
-    SetConsoleMode(conState.hConsoleIn, consoleMode);
+    /* Write 2 chars which are a single character in UTF-8 but more in MBCS. */
+    WriteConsoleA(hCSB, TrialUtf8, sizeof(TrialUtf8), NULL, NULL);
+    ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(hCSB, &aReadBack[0], 1, cpos, &rbc);
+    GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hCSB, &csbInfo);
+    SetConsoleOutputCP(ocp);
+    CloseHandle(hCSB);
+  }
+  /* Return 1 if cursor advanced by 1 position, else 0. */
+  return (short)(csbInfo.dwCursorPosition.X == 1 && aReadBack[0] == 0x022B);
+}
+
+static short in_console = 0;
+static short out_console = 0;
+
+/*
+** Determine whether either normal I/O stream is the console,
+** and whether it can do UTF-8 translation, setting globals
+** in_console, out_console and mbcs_opted accordingly.
+*/
+static void probe_console(void){
+  HANDLE h;
+  DWORD cMode;
+  in_console = console_attrs(0, &h, &cMode);
+  out_console = console_attrs(1, &h, &cMode);
+  if( in_console || out_console ) mbcs_opted = !ConsoleDoesUTF8();
+}
+
+/*
+** If console is used for normal I/O, absent a --no-utf8 option,
+** prepare console for UTF-8 input (from either typing or suitable
+** paste operations) and/or for UTF-8 output rendering.
+**
+** The console state upon entry is preserved, in conState, so that
+** console_restore() can later restore the same console state.
+**
+** The globals console_utf8_in and console_utf8_out are set, for
+** later use in selecting UTF-8 or MBCS console I/O translations.
+** This routine depends upon globals set by probe_console().
+*/
+static void console_prepare_utf8(void){
+  struct ConsoleState csWork = { 0, 0, 0, 0, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, 0 };
+
+  console_utf8_in = console_utf8_out = 0;
+  if( (!in_console && !out_console) || mbcs_opted ) return;
+  console_attrs((in_console)? 0 : 1, &conState.hConsole, &conState.consoleMode);
+  conState.inCodePage = GetConsoleCP();
+  conState.outCodePage = GetConsoleOutputCP();
+  if( in_console ){
+    SetConsoleCP(CP_UTF8);
+    DWORD newConsoleMode = conState.consoleMode
+      | ENABLE_LINE_INPUT | ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT;
+    SetConsoleMode(conState.hConsole, newConsoleMode);
     conState.infsMode = _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_U16TEXT);
-    console_utf8 = 1;
-  }else{
-    console_utf8 = 0;
+    console_utf8_in = 1;
+  }
+  if( out_console ){
+    SetConsoleOutputCP(CP_UTF8);
+    console_utf8_out = 1;
   }
 }
 
 /*
-** Undo the effects of console_prepare(), if any.
+** Undo the effects of console_prepare_utf8(), if any.
 */
 static void SQLITE_CDECL console_restore(void){
-  if( console_utf8 && conState.inCodePage!=0
-      && conState.hConsoleIn!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ){
-    _setmode(_fileno(stdin), conState.infsMode);
-    SetConsoleCP(conState.inCodePage);
-    SetConsoleOutputCP(conState.outCodePage);
-    SetConsoleMode(conState.hConsoleIn, conState.consoleMode);
+  if( (console_utf8_in||console_utf8_out)
+      && conState.hConsole!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ){
+    if( console_utf8_in ){
+      SetConsoleCP(conState.inCodePage);
+      _setmode(_fileno(stdin), conState.infsMode);
+    }
+    if( console_utf8_out ) SetConsoleOutputCP(conState.outCodePage);
+    SetConsoleMode(conState.hConsole, conState.consoleMode);
     /* Avoid multiple calls. */
-    conState.hConsoleIn = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+    conState.hConsole = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
     conState.consoleMode = 0;
-    console_utf8 = 0;
+    console_utf8_in = 0;
+    console_utf8_out = 0;
   }
 }
 
@@ -661,11 +740,11 @@ static void SQLITE_CDECL console_restore(void){
 ** Collect input like fgets(...) with special provisions for input
 ** from the Windows console to get around its strange coding issues.
 ** Defers to plain fgets() when input is not interactive or when the
-** startup option, -utf8, has not been provided or taken effect.
+** UTF-8 input is unavailable or opted out.
 */
 static char* utf8_fgets(char *buf, int ncmax, FILE *fin){
   if( fin==0 ) fin = stdin;
-  if( fin==stdin && stdin_is_interactive && console_utf8 ){
+  if( fin==stdin && stdin_is_interactive && console_utf8_in ){
 # define SQLITE_IALIM 150
     wchar_t wbuf[SQLITE_IALIM];
     int lend = 0;
@@ -678,7 +757,7 @@ static char* utf8_fgets(char *buf, int ncmax, FILE *fin){
         ? SQLITE_IALIM : (ncmax-1 - noc)/4;
 # undef SQLITE_IALIM
       DWORD nbr = 0;
-      BOOL bRC = ReadConsoleW(conState.hConsoleIn, wbuf, na, &nbr, 0);
+      BOOL bRC = ReadConsoleW(conState.hConsole, wbuf, na, &nbr, 0);
       if( !bRC || (noc==0 && nbr==0) ) return 0;
       if( nbr > 0 ){
         int nmb = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8,WC_COMPOSITECHECK|WC_DEFAULTCHAR,
@@ -724,20 +803,16 @@ static char* utf8_fgets(char *buf, int ncmax, FILE *fin){
 
 /*
 ** Render output like fprintf().  Except, if the output is going to the
-** console and if this is running on a Windows machine, and if the -utf8
-** option is unavailable or (available and inactive), translate the
+** console and if this is running on a Windows machine, and if UTF-8
+** output unavailable (or available but opted out), translate the
 ** output from UTF-8 into MBCS for output through 8-bit stdout stream.
-** (With -utf8 active, no translation is needed and must not be done.)
+** (Without -no-utf8, no translation is needed and must not be done.)
 */
 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
 void utf8_printf(FILE *out, const char *zFormat, ...){
   va_list ap;
   va_start(ap, zFormat);
-  if( stdout_is_console && (out==stdout || out==stderr)
-# if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-      && !console_utf8
-# endif
-  ){
+  if( stdout_is_console && (out==stdout || out==stderr) && !console_utf8_out ){
     char *z1 = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
     char *z2 = sqlite3_win32_utf8_to_mbcs_v2(z1, 0);
     sqlite3_free(z1);
@@ -948,14 +1023,10 @@ static char *local_getline(char *zLine, FILE *in){
     }
   }
 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
-  /* For interactive input on Windows systems, without -utf8,
+  /* For interactive input on Windows systems, with -no-utf8,
   ** translate the multi-byte characterset characters into UTF-8.
-  ** This is the translation that predates the -utf8 option. */
-  if( stdin_is_interactive && in==stdin
-# if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-      && !console_utf8
-# endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */
-  ){
+  ** This is the translation that predates console UTF-8 input. */
+  if( stdin_is_interactive && in==stdin && !console_utf8_in ){
     char *zTrans = sqlite3_win32_mbcs_to_utf8_v2(zLine, 0);
     if( zTrans ){
       i64 nTrans = strlen(zTrans)+1;
@@ -1206,6 +1277,46 @@ static char *shellFakeSchema(
   return s.z;
 }
 
+/*
+** SQL function:  strtod(X)
+**
+** Use the C-library strtod() function to convert string X into a double.
+** Used for comparing the accuracy of SQLite's internal text-to-float conversion
+** routines against the C-library.
+*/
+static void shellStrtod(
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  int nVal,
+  sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+  char *z = (char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(nVal);
+  if( z==0 ) return;
+  sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, strtod(z,0));
+}
+
+/*
+** SQL function:  dtostr(X)
+**
+** Use the C-library printf() function to convert real value X into a string.
+** Used for comparing the accuracy of SQLite's internal float-to-text conversion
+** routines against the C-library.
+*/
+static void shellDtostr(
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  int nVal,
+  sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+  double r = sqlite3_value_double(apVal[0]);
+  int n = nVal>=2 ? sqlite3_value_int(apVal[1]) : 26;
+  char z[400];
+  if( n<1 ) n = 1;
+  if( n>350 ) n = 350;
+  snprintf(z, sizeof(z)-1, "%#+.*e", n, r);
+  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** SQL function:  shell_module_schema(X)
 **
@@ -1317,6 +1428,7 @@ INCLUDE test_windirent.c
 #define dirent DIRENT
 #endif
 INCLUDE ../ext/misc/memtrace.c
+INCLUDE ../ext/misc/pcachetrace.c
 INCLUDE ../ext/misc/shathree.c
 INCLUDE ../ext/misc/uint.c
 INCLUDE ../ext/misc/decimal.c
@@ -1411,7 +1523,7 @@ typedef struct ShellState ShellState;
 struct ShellState {
   sqlite3 *db;           /* The database */
   u8 autoExplain;        /* Automatically turn on .explain mode */
-  u8 autoEQP;            /* Run EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN prior to seach SQL stmt */
+  u8 autoEQP;            /* Run EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN prior to each SQL stmt */
   u8 autoEQPtest;        /* autoEQP is in test mode */
   u8 autoEQPtrace;       /* autoEQP is in trace mode */
   u8 scanstatsOn;        /* True to display scan stats before each finalize */
@@ -1423,7 +1535,7 @@ struct ShellState {
   u8 bSafeModePersist;   /* The long-term value of bSafeMode */
   ColModeOpts cmOpts;    /* Option values affecting columnar mode output */
   unsigned statsOn;      /* True to display memory stats before each finalize */
-  unsigned mEqpLines;    /* Mask of veritical lines in the EQP output graph */
+  unsigned mEqpLines;    /* Mask of vertical lines in the EQP output graph */
   int inputNesting;      /* Track nesting level of .read and other redirects */
   int outCount;          /* Revert to stdout when reaching zero */
   int cnt;               /* Number of records displayed so far */
@@ -1474,7 +1586,7 @@ struct ShellState {
   int *aiIndent;         /* Array of indents used in MODE_Explain */
   int nIndent;           /* Size of array aiIndent[] */
   int iIndent;           /* Index of current op in aiIndent[] */
-  char *zNonce;          /* Nonce for temporary safe-mode excapes */
+  char *zNonce;          /* Nonce for temporary safe-mode escapes */
   EQPGraph sGraph;       /* Information for the graphical EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
   ExpertInfo expert;     /* Valid if previous command was ".expert OPT..." */
 #ifdef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
@@ -1516,7 +1628,7 @@ static ShellState shellState;
 
 /* Bits in the ShellState.flgProgress variable */
 #define SHELL_PROGRESS_QUIET 0x01  /* Omit announcing every progress callback */
-#define SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET 0x02  /* Reset the count when the progres
+#define SHELL_PROGRESS_RESET 0x02  /* Reset the count when the progress
                                    ** callback limit is reached, and for each
                                    ** top-level SQL statement */
 #define SHELL_PROGRESS_ONCE  0x04  /* Cancel the --limit after firing once */
@@ -1565,6 +1677,7 @@ static ShellState shellState;
 #define MODE_Box     16  /* Unicode box-drawing characters */
 #define MODE_Count   17  /* Output only a count of the rows of output */
 #define MODE_Off     18  /* No query output shown */
+#define MODE_ScanExp 19  /* Like MODE_Explain, but for ".scanstats vm" */
 
 static const char *modeDescr[] = {
   "line",
@@ -2478,38 +2591,58 @@ static int shell_callback(
       }
       break;
     }
+    case MODE_ScanExp:
     case MODE_Explain: {
-      static const int aExplainWidth[] = {4, 13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
-      if( nArg>ArraySize(aExplainWidth) ){
-        nArg = ArraySize(aExplainWidth);
+      static const int aExplainWidth[] = {4,       13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
+      static const int aExplainMap[] =   {0,       1,  2, 3, 4, 5,  6, 7 };
+      static const int aScanExpWidth[] = {4, 6, 6, 13, 4, 4, 4, 13, 2, 13};
+      static const int aScanExpMap[] =   {0, 9, 8, 1,  2, 3, 4, 5,  6, 7 };
+
+      const int *aWidth = aExplainWidth;
+      const int *aMap = aExplainMap;
+      int nWidth = ArraySize(aExplainWidth);
+      int iIndent = 1;
+
+      if( p->cMode==MODE_ScanExp ){
+        aWidth = aScanExpWidth;
+        aMap = aScanExpMap;
+        nWidth = ArraySize(aScanExpWidth);
+        iIndent = 3;
       }
+      if( nArg>nWidth ) nArg = nWidth;
+
+      /* If this is the first row seen, print out the headers */
       if( p->cnt++==0 ){
         for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
-          int w = aExplainWidth[i];
-          utf8_width_print(p->out, w, azCol[i]);
+          utf8_width_print(p->out, aWidth[i], azCol[ aMap[i] ]);
           fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
         }
         for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
-          int w = aExplainWidth[i];
-          print_dashes(p->out, w);
+          print_dashes(p->out, aWidth[i]);
           fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
         }
       }
+
+      /* If there is no data, exit early. */
       if( azArg==0 ) break;
+
       for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
-        int w = aExplainWidth[i];
+        const char *zSep = "  ";
+        int w = aWidth[i];
+        const char *zVal = azArg[ aMap[i] ];
         if( i==nArg-1 ) w = 0;
-        if( azArg[i] && strlenChar(azArg[i])>w ){
-          w = strlenChar(azArg[i]);
+        if( zVal && strlenChar(zVal)>w ){
+          w = strlenChar(zVal);
+          zSep = " ";
         }
-        if( i==1 && p->aiIndent && p->pStmt ){
+        if( i==iIndent && p->aiIndent && p->pStmt ){
           if( p->iIndent<p->nIndent ){
             utf8_printf(p->out, "%*.s", p->aiIndent[p->iIndent], "");
           }
           p->iIndent++;
         }
-        utf8_width_print(p->out, w, azArg[i] ? azArg[i] : p->nullValue);
-        fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : "  ", p->out);
+        utf8_width_print(p->out, w, zVal ? zVal : p->nullValue);
+        fputs(i==nArg-1 ? "\n" : zSep, p->out);
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -3030,7 +3163,7 @@ static int run_table_dump_query(
 */
 static char *save_err_msg(
   sqlite3 *db,           /* Database to query */
-  const char *zPhase,    /* When the error occcurs */
+  const char *zPhase,    /* When the error occurs */
   int rc,                /* Error code returned from API */
   const char *zSql       /* SQL string, or NULL */
 ){
@@ -3290,17 +3423,11 @@ static int scanStatsHeight(sqlite3_stmt *p, int iEntry){
 }
 #endif
 
-/*
-** Display scan stats.
-*/
-static void display_scanstats(
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+static void display_explain_scanstats(
   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database to query */
   ShellState *pArg                /* Pointer to ShellState */
 ){
-#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
-  UNUSED_PARAMETER(db);
-  UNUSED_PARAMETER(pArg);
-#else
   static const int f = SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX;
   sqlite3_stmt *p = pArg->pStmt;
   int ii = 0;
@@ -3314,7 +3441,7 @@ static void display_scanstats(
     if( sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p,ii,SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN,f,(void*)&z) ){
       break;
     }
-    n = strlen(z) + scanStatsHeight(p, ii)*3;
+    n = (int)strlen(z) + scanStatsHeight(p, ii)*3;
     if( n>nWidth ) nWidth = n;
   }
   nWidth += 4;
@@ -3326,12 +3453,12 @@ static void display_scanstats(
     i64 nCycle = 0;
     int iId = 0;
     int iPid = 0;
-    const char *z = 0;
+    const char *zo = 0;
     const char *zName = 0;
     char *zText = 0;
     double rEst = 0.0;
 
-    if( sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p,ii,SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN,f,(void*)&z) ){
+    if( sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p,ii,SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN,f,(void*)&zo) ){
       break;
     }
     sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST,f,(void*)&rEst);
@@ -3342,7 +3469,7 @@ static void display_scanstats(
     sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID,f,(void*)&iPid);
     sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(p, ii, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME,f,(void*)&zName);
 
-    zText = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", z);
+    zText = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zo);
     if( nCycle>=0 || nLoop>=0 || nRow>=0 ){
       char *z = 0;
       if( nCycle>=0 && nTotal>0 ){
@@ -3372,8 +3499,9 @@ static void display_scanstats(
   }
 
   eqp_render(pArg, nTotal);
-#endif
 }
+#endif
+
 
 /*
 ** Parameter azArray points to a zero-terminated array of strings. zStr
@@ -3411,8 +3539,6 @@ static int str_in_array(const char *zStr, const char **azArray){
 **       and "Goto" by 2 spaces.
 */
 static void explain_data_prepare(ShellState *p, sqlite3_stmt *pSql){
-  const char *zSql;               /* The text of the SQL statement */
-  const char *z;                  /* Used to check if this is an EXPLAIN */
   int *abYield = 0;               /* True if op is an OP_Yield */
   int nAlloc = 0;                 /* Allocated size of p->aiIndent[], abYield */
   int iOp;                        /* Index of operation in p->aiIndent[] */
@@ -3423,65 +3549,45 @@ static void explain_data_prepare(ShellState *p, sqlite3_stmt *pSql){
                             "Rewind", 0 };
   const char *azGoto[] = { "Goto", 0 };
 
-  /* Try to figure out if this is really an EXPLAIN statement. If this
-  ** cannot be verified, return early.  */
-  if( sqlite3_column_count(pSql)!=8 ){
-    p->cMode = p->mode;
-    return;
-  }
-  zSql = sqlite3_sql(pSql);
-  if( zSql==0 ) return;
-  for(z=zSql; *z==' ' || *z=='\t' || *z=='\n' || *z=='\f' || *z=='\r'; z++);
-  if( sqlite3_strnicmp(z, "explain", 7) ){
-    p->cMode = p->mode;
-    return;
-  }
+  /* The caller guarantees that the leftmost 4 columns of the statement
+  ** passed to this function are equivalent to the leftmost 4 columns
+  ** of EXPLAIN statement output. In practice the statement may be
+  ** an EXPLAIN, or it may be a query on the bytecode() virtual table.  */
+  assert( sqlite3_column_count(pSql)>=4 );
+  assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 0), "addr" ) );
+  assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 1), "opcode" ) );
+  assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 2), "p1" ) );
+  assert( 0==sqlite3_stricmp( sqlite3_column_name(pSql, 3), "p2" ) );
 
   for(iOp=0; SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3_step(pSql); iOp++){
     int i;
     int iAddr = sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 0);
     const char *zOp = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pSql, 1);
-
-    /* Set p2 to the P2 field of the current opcode. Then, assuming that
-    ** p2 is an instruction address, set variable p2op to the index of that
-    ** instruction in the aiIndent[] array. p2 and p2op may be different if
-    ** the current instruction is part of a sub-program generated by an
-    ** SQL trigger or foreign key.  */
+    int p1 = sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 2);
     int p2 = sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 3);
+
+    /* Assuming that p2 is an instruction address, set variable p2op to the
+    ** index of that instruction in the aiIndent[] array. p2 and p2op may be
+    ** different if the current instruction is part of a sub-program generated
+    ** by an SQL trigger or foreign key.  */
     int p2op = (p2 + (iOp-iAddr));
 
     /* Grow the p->aiIndent array as required */
     if( iOp>=nAlloc ){
-      if( iOp==0 ){
-        /* Do further verfication that this is explain output.  Abort if
-        ** it is not */
-        static const char *explainCols[] = {
-           "addr", "opcode", "p1", "p2", "p3", "p4", "p5", "comment" };
-        int jj;
-        for(jj=0; jj<ArraySize(explainCols); jj++){
-          if( cli_strcmp(sqlite3_column_name(pSql,jj),explainCols[jj])!=0 ){
-            p->cMode = p->mode;
-            sqlite3_reset(pSql);
-            return;
-          }
-        }
-      }
       nAlloc += 100;
       p->aiIndent = (int*)sqlite3_realloc64(p->aiIndent, nAlloc*sizeof(int));
       shell_check_oom(p->aiIndent);
       abYield = (int*)sqlite3_realloc64(abYield, nAlloc*sizeof(int));
       shell_check_oom(abYield);
     }
+
     abYield[iOp] = str_in_array(zOp, azYield);
     p->aiIndent[iOp] = 0;
     p->nIndent = iOp+1;
-
     if( str_in_array(zOp, azNext) && p2op>0 ){
       for(i=p2op; i<iOp; i++) p->aiIndent[i] += 2;
     }
-    if( str_in_array(zOp, azGoto) && p2op<p->nIndent
-     && (abYield[p2op] || sqlite3_column_int(pSql, 2))
-    ){
+    if( str_in_array(zOp, azGoto) && p2op<iOp && (abYield[p2op] || p1) ){
       for(i=p2op; i<iOp; i++) p->aiIndent[i] += 2;
     }
   }
@@ -3501,6 +3607,48 @@ static void explain_data_delete(ShellState *p){
   p->iIndent = 0;
 }
 
+static void exec_prepared_stmt(ShellState*, sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** Display scan stats.
+*/
+static void display_scanstats(
+  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database to query */
+  ShellState *pArg                /* Pointer to ShellState */
+){
+#ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(db);
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(pArg);
+#else
+  if( pArg->scanstatsOn==3 ){
+    const char *zSql = 
+      "  SELECT addr, opcode, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, comment, nexec,"
+      "   round(ncycle*100.0 / (sum(ncycle) OVER ()), 2)||'%' AS cycles"
+      "   FROM bytecode(?)";
+
+    int rc = SQLITE_OK;
+    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
+    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      sqlite3_stmt *pSave = pArg->pStmt;
+      pArg->pStmt = pStmt;
+      sqlite3_bind_pointer(pStmt, 1, pSave, "stmt-pointer", 0);
+
+      pArg->cnt = 0;
+      pArg->cMode = MODE_ScanExp;
+      explain_data_prepare(pArg, pStmt);
+      exec_prepared_stmt(pArg, pStmt);
+      explain_data_delete(pArg);
+
+      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+      pArg->pStmt = pSave;
+    }
+  }else{
+    display_explain_scanstats(db, pArg);
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
 /*
 ** Disable and restore .wheretrace and .treetrace/.selecttrace settings.
 */
@@ -3796,7 +3944,7 @@ static char *quoted_column(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i){
 */
 static void exec_prepared_stmt_columnar(
   ShellState *p,                        /* Pointer to ShellState */
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt                   /* Statment to run */
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt                   /* Statement to run */
 ){
   sqlite3_int64 nRow = 0;
   int nColumn = 0;
@@ -4022,7 +4170,7 @@ columnar_end:
 */
 static void exec_prepared_stmt(
   ShellState *pArg,                                /* Pointer to ShellState */
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt                              /* Statment to run */
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt                              /* Statement to run */
 ){
   int rc;
   sqlite3_uint64 nRow = 0;
@@ -4281,7 +4429,7 @@ static int shell_exec(
       if( zStmtSql==0 ) zStmtSql = "";
       while( IsSpace(zStmtSql[0]) ) zStmtSql++;
 
-      /* save off the prepared statment handle and reset row count */
+      /* save off the prepared statement handle and reset row count */
       if( pArg ){
         pArg->pStmt = pStmt;
         pArg->cnt = 0;
@@ -4290,16 +4438,15 @@ static int shell_exec(
       /* Show the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN if .eqp is on */
       if( pArg && pArg->autoEQP && sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==0 ){
         sqlite3_stmt *pExplain;
-        char *zEQP;
         int triggerEQP = 0;
         disable_debug_trace_modes();
         sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, -1, &triggerEQP);
         if( pArg->autoEQP>=AUTOEQP_trigger ){
           sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, 1, 0);
         }
-        zEQP = sqlite3_mprintf("EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN %s", zStmtSql);
-        shell_check_oom(zEQP);
-        rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zEQP, -1, &pExplain, 0);
+        pExplain = pStmt;
+        sqlite3_reset(pExplain);
+        rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(pExplain, 2);
         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
           while( sqlite3_step(pExplain)==SQLITE_ROW ){
             const char *zEQPLine = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(pExplain,3);
@@ -4311,36 +4458,31 @@ static int shell_exec(
           }
           eqp_render(pArg, 0);
         }
-        sqlite3_finalize(pExplain);
-        sqlite3_free(zEQP);
         if( pArg->autoEQP>=AUTOEQP_full ){
           /* Also do an EXPLAIN for ".eqp full" mode */
-          zEQP = sqlite3_mprintf("EXPLAIN %s", zStmtSql);
-          shell_check_oom(zEQP);
-          rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zEQP, -1, &pExplain, 0);
+          sqlite3_reset(pExplain);
+          rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(pExplain, 1);
           if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
             pArg->cMode = MODE_Explain;
+            assert( sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pExplain)==1 );
             explain_data_prepare(pArg, pExplain);
             exec_prepared_stmt(pArg, pExplain);
             explain_data_delete(pArg);
           }
-          sqlite3_finalize(pExplain);
-          sqlite3_free(zEQP);
         }
         if( pArg->autoEQP>=AUTOEQP_trigger && triggerEQP==0 ){
           sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP, 0, 0);
-          /* Reprepare pStmt before reactiving trace modes */
-          sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
-          sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
-          if( pArg ) pArg->pStmt = pStmt;
         }
+        sqlite3_reset(pStmt);
+        sqlite3_stmt_explain(pStmt, 0);
         restore_debug_trace_modes();
       }
 
       if( pArg ){
+        int bIsExplain = (sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==1);
         pArg->cMode = pArg->mode;
         if( pArg->autoExplain ){
-          if( sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==1 ){
+          if( bIsExplain ){
             pArg->cMode = MODE_Explain;
           }
           if( sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(pStmt)==2 ){
@@ -4350,7 +4492,7 @@ static int shell_exec(
 
         /* If the shell is currently in ".explain" mode, gather the extra
         ** data required to add indents to the output.*/
-        if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Explain ){
+        if( pArg->cMode==MODE_Explain && bIsExplain ){
           explain_data_prepare(pArg, pStmt);
         }
       }
@@ -4466,7 +4608,7 @@ static char **tableColumnList(ShellState *p, const char *zTab){
   */
   if( preserveRowid && isIPK ){
     /* If a single PRIMARY KEY column with type INTEGER was seen, then it
-    ** might be an alise for the ROWID.  But it might also be a WITHOUT ROWID
+    ** might be an alias for the ROWID.  But it might also be a WITHOUT ROWID
     ** table or a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC column, neither of which are
     ** ROWID aliases.  To distinguish these cases, check to see if
     ** there is a "pk" entry in "PRAGMA index_list".  There will be
@@ -4727,7 +4869,6 @@ static const char *(azHelp[]) = {
   "       --async             Write to FILE without journal and fsync()",
 #endif
   ".bail on|off             Stop after hitting an error.  Default OFF",
-  ".binary on|off           Turn binary output on or off.  Default OFF",
 #ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
   ".cd DIRECTORY            Change the working directory to DIRECTORY",
 #endif
@@ -4737,6 +4878,9 @@ static const char *(azHelp[]) = {
   ".clone NEWDB             Clone data into NEWDB from the existing database",
 #endif
   ".connection [close] [#]  Open or close an auxiliary database connection",
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+  ".crnl on|off             Translate \\n to \\r\\n.  Default ON",
+#endif
   ".databases               List names and files of attached databases",
   ".dbconfig ?op? ?val?     List or change sqlite3_db_config() options",
 #if SQLITE_SHELL_HAVE_RECOVER
@@ -5443,7 +5587,7 @@ static void open_db(ShellState *p, int openFlags){
     /* Let custom-included extensions get their ..._init() called.
      * The WHATEVER_INIT( db, pzErrorMsg, pApi ) macro should cause
      * the extension's sqlite3_*_init( db, pzErrorMsg, pApi )
-     * inititialization routine to be called.
+     * initialization routine to be called.
      */
     {
       int irc = SHELL_SUBMACRO(SQLITE_SHELL_EXTFUNCS, INIT)(p->db);
@@ -5461,6 +5605,12 @@ static void open_db(ShellState *p, int openFlags){
     }
 #endif
 
+    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "strtod", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+                            shellStrtod, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "dtostr", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+                            shellDtostr, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "dtostr", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+                            shellDtostr, 0, 0);
     sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "shell_add_schema", 3, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
                             shellAddSchemaName, 0, 0);
     sqlite3_create_function(p->db, "shell_module_schema", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
@@ -5520,7 +5670,7 @@ static void open_db(ShellState *p, int openFlags){
 }
 
 /*
-** Attempt to close the databaes connection.  Report errors.
+** Attempt to close the database connection.  Report errors.
 */
 void close_db(sqlite3 *db){
   int rc = sqlite3_close(db);
@@ -6014,7 +6164,7 @@ static void tryToCloneData(
   if( rc ){
     utf8_printf(stderr, "Error %d: %s on [%s]\n",
             sqlite3_extended_errcode(newDb), sqlite3_errmsg(newDb),
-            zQuery);
+            zInsert);
     goto end_data_xfer;
   }
   for(k=0; k<2; k++){
@@ -7967,7 +8117,6 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
       azArg[nArg++] = &zLine[h];
       while( zLine[h] && !IsSpace(zLine[h]) ){ h++; }
       if( zLine[h] ) zLine[h++] = 0;
-      resolve_backslashes(azArg[nArg-1]);
     }
   }
   azArg[nArg] = 0;
@@ -8086,6 +8235,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     }
   }else
 
+  /* Undocumented.  Legacy only.  See "crnl" below */
   if( c=='b' && n>=3 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "binary", n)==0 ){
     if( nArg==2 ){
       if( booleanValue(azArg[1]) ){
@@ -8094,6 +8244,8 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
         setTextMode(p->out, 1);
       }
     }else{
+      raw_printf(stderr, "The \".binary\" command is deprecated."
+                         " Use \".crnl\" instead.\n");
       raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .binary on|off\n");
       rc = 1;
     }
@@ -8221,6 +8373,22 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     }
   }else
 
+  if( c=='c' && n==4 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "crnl", n)==0 ){
+    if( nArg==2 ){
+      if( booleanValue(azArg[1]) ){
+        setTextMode(p->out, 1);
+      }else{
+        setBinaryMode(p->out, 1);
+      }
+    }else{
+#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(WIN32)
+      raw_printf(stderr, "The \".crnl\" is a no-op on non-Windows machines.\n");
+#endif
+      raw_printf(stderr, "Usage: .crnl on|off\n");
+      rc = 1;
+    }
+  }else
+
   if( c=='d' && n>1 && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "databases", n)==0 ){
     char **azName = 0;
     int nName = 0;
@@ -8687,8 +8855,10 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
                "SELECT rowid FROM sqlite_schema"
                " WHERE name GLOB 'sqlite_stat[134]'",
                -1, &pStmt, 0);
-      doStats = sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW;
-      sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+        doStats = sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW;
+        sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+      }
     }
     if( doStats==0 ){
       raw_printf(p->out, "/* No STAT tables available */\n");
@@ -8977,6 +9147,14 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
         ** the remaining columns.
         */
         if( p->mode==MODE_Ascii && (z==0 || z[0]==0) && i==0 ) break;
+        /*
+        ** For CSV mode, per RFC 4180, accept EOF in lieu of final
+        ** record terminator but only for last field of multi-field row.
+        ** (If there are too few fields, it's not valid CSV anyway.)
+        */
+        if( z==0 && (xRead==csv_read_one_field) && i==nCol-1 && i>0 ){
+          z = "";
+        }
         sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, i+1, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
         if( i<nCol-1 && sCtx.cTerm!=sCtx.cColSep ){
           utf8_printf(stderr, "%s:%d: expected %d columns but found %d - "
@@ -9885,6 +10063,9 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
 
   if( c=='s' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "scanstats", n)==0 ){
     if( nArg==2 ){
+      if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "vm")==0 ){
+        p->scanstatsOn = 3;
+      }else
       if( cli_strcmp(azArg[1], "est")==0 ){
         p->scanstatsOn = 2;
       }else{
@@ -10530,7 +10711,8 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
           "with tabcols as materialized(\n"
           "select tname, cname\n"
           "from ("
-          " select ss.tname as tname, ti.name as cname\n"
+          " select printf('\"%%w\"',ss.tname) as tname,"
+          " printf('\"%%w\"',ti.name) as cname\n"
           " from (%z) ss\n inner join pragma_table_info(tname) ti))\n"
           "select 'SELECT total(bad_text_count) AS bad_text_count\n"
           "FROM ('||group_concat(query, ' UNION ALL ')||')' as btc_query\n"
@@ -10802,7 +10984,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     static const struct {
        const char *zCtrlName;   /* Name of a test-control option */
        int ctrlCode;            /* Integer code for that option */
-       int unSafe;              /* Not valid for --safe mode */
+       int unSafe;              /* Not valid unless --unsafe-testing */
        const char *zUsage;      /* Usage notes */
     } aCtrl[] = {
     {"always",             SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS, 1,     "BOOLEAN"         },
@@ -10812,6 +10994,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     {"byteorder",          SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER, 0,  ""                },
     {"extra_schema_checks",SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS,0,"BOOLEAN"  },
   /*{"fault_install",      SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL, 1,""              },*/
+    {"fk_no_action",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION, 0, "BOOLEAN"       },
     {"imposter",         SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER,1,"SCHEMA ON/OFF ROOTPAGE"},
     {"internal_functions", SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS,0,""          },
     {"localtime_fault",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT,0,"BOOLEAN"      },
@@ -10827,6 +11010,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     {"seek_count",         SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT,  0, ""               },
     {"sorter_mmap",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP, 0, "NMAX"           },
     {"tune",               SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE,        1, "ID VALUE"       },
+    {"uselongdouble",    SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE,0,"?BOOLEAN|\"default\"?"},
     };
     int testctrl = -1;
     int iCtrl = -1;
@@ -10835,12 +11019,6 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     int i, n2;
     const char *zCmd = 0;
 
-    if( !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ){
-      utf8_printf(stderr, ".%s unavailable without --unsafe-testing\n",
-                  "testctrl");
-      rc = 1;
-      goto meta_command_exit;
-    }
     open_db(p, 0);
     zCmd = nArg>=2 ? azArg[1] : "help";
 
@@ -10854,6 +11032,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     if( cli_strcmp(zCmd,"help")==0 ){
       utf8_printf(p->out, "Available test-controls:\n");
       for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
+        if( aCtrl[i].unSafe && !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ) continue;
         utf8_printf(p->out, "  .testctrl %s %s\n",
                     aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, aCtrl[i].zUsage);
       }
@@ -10865,6 +11044,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     ** of the option name, or a numerical value. */
     n2 = strlen30(zCmd);
     for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aCtrl); i++){
+      if( aCtrl[i].unSafe && !ShellHasFlag(p,SHFLG_TestingMode) ) continue;
       if( cli_strncmp(zCmd, aCtrl[i].zCtrlName, n2)==0 ){
         if( testctrl<0 ){
           testctrl = aCtrl[i].ctrlCode;
@@ -10880,16 +11060,12 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
     if( testctrl<0 ){
       utf8_printf(stderr,"Error: unknown test-control: %s\n"
                          "Use \".testctrl --help\" for help\n", zCmd);
-    }else if( aCtrl[iCtrl].unSafe && p->bSafeMode ){
-      utf8_printf(stderr,
-         "line %d: \".testctrl %s\" may not be used in safe mode\n",
-         p->lineno, aCtrl[iCtrl].zCtrlName);
-      exit(1);
     }else{
       switch(testctrl){
 
         /* sqlite3_test_control(int, db, int) */
         case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS:
+        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION:
           if( nArg==3 ){
             unsigned int opt = (unsigned int)strtol(azArg[2], 0, 0);
             rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db, opt);
@@ -10957,6 +11133,21 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
           }
           break;
 
+        /* sqlite3_test_control(int, int) */
+        case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE: {
+          int opt = -1;
+          if( nArg==3 ){
+            if( cli_strcmp(azArg[2],"default")==0 ){
+              opt = 2;
+            }else{
+              opt = booleanValue(azArg[2]);
+            }
+          }
+          rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, opt);
+          isOk = 1;
+          break;
+        }
+
         /* sqlite3_test_control(sqlite3*) */
         case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS:
           rc2 = sqlite3_test_control(testctrl, p->db);
@@ -11194,6 +11385,7 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
 #endif /* SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION */
 
   if( c=='v' && cli_strncmp(azArg[0], "version", n)==0 ){
+    char *zPtrSz = sizeof(void*)==8 ? "64-bit" : "32-bit";
     utf8_printf(p->out, "SQLite %s %s\n" /*extra-version-info*/,
         sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
 #if SQLITE_HAVE_ZLIB
@@ -11204,11 +11396,11 @@ static int do_meta_command(char *zLine, ShellState *p){
 #if defined(__clang__) && defined(__clang_major__)
     utf8_printf(p->out, "clang-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_major__) "."
                     CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_minor__) "."
-                    CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_patchlevel__) "\n");
+                    CTIMEOPT_VAL(__clang_patchlevel__) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-    utf8_printf(p->out, "msvc-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(_MSC_VER) "\n");
+    utf8_printf(p->out, "msvc-" CTIMEOPT_VAL(_MSC_VER) " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
 #elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__VERSION__)
-    utf8_printf(p->out, "gcc-" __VERSION__ "\n");
+    utf8_printf(p->out, "gcc-" __VERSION__ " (%s)\n", zPtrSz);
 #endif
   }else
 
@@ -11826,10 +12018,14 @@ static const char zOptions[] =
   "   -multiplex           enable the multiplexor VFS\n"
 #endif
   "   -newline SEP         set output row separator. Default: '\\n'\n"
+#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
+  "   -no-utf8             do not try to set up UTF-8 output (for legacy)\n"
+#endif
   "   -nofollow            refuse to open symbolic links to database files\n"
   "   -nonce STRING        set the safe-mode escape nonce\n"
   "   -nullvalue TEXT      set text string for NULL values. Default ''\n"
   "   -pagecache SIZE N    use N slots of SZ bytes each for page cache memory\n"
+  "   -pcachetrace         trace all page cache operations\n"
   "   -quote               set output mode to 'quote'\n"
   "   -readonly            open the database read-only\n"
   "   -safe                enable safe-mode\n"
@@ -11841,7 +12037,7 @@ static const char zOptions[] =
   "   -table               set output mode to 'table'\n"
   "   -tabs                set output mode to 'tabs'\n"
   "   -unsafe-testing      allow unsafe commands and modes for testing\n"
-#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
+#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT && 0 /* Option is accepted, but is now the default. */
   "   -utf8                setup interactive console code page for UTF-8\n"
 #endif
   "   -version             show SQLite version\n"
@@ -11992,7 +12188,8 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
   stdout_is_console = isatty(1);
 #endif
 #if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-  atexit(console_restore); /* Needs revision for CLI as library call */
+  probe_console(); /* Check for console I/O and UTF-8 capability. */
+  if( !mbcs_opted ) atexit(console_restore);
 #endif
   atexit(sayAbnormalExit);
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
@@ -12079,8 +12276,8 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
 
   /* Do an initial pass through the command-line argument to locate
   ** the name of the database file, the name of the initialization file,
-  ** the size of the alternative malloc heap,
-  ** and the first command to execute.
+  ** the size of the alternative malloc heap, options affecting commands
+  ** or SQL run from the command line, and the first command to execute.
   */
 #ifndef SQLITE_SHELL_FIDDLE
   verify_uninitialized();
@@ -12092,7 +12289,7 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
       if( data.aAuxDb->zDbFilename==0 ){
         data.aAuxDb->zDbFilename = z;
       }else{
-        /* Excesss arguments are interpreted as SQL (or dot-commands) and
+        /* Excess arguments are interpreted as SQL (or dot-commands) and
         ** mean that nothing is read from stdin */
         readStdin = 0;
         nCmd++;
@@ -12114,12 +12311,26 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
       (void)cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-init")==0 ){
       zInitFile = cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i);
+    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-interactive")==0 ){
+      /* Need to check for interactive override here to so that it can
+      ** affect console setup (for Windows only) and testing thereof.
+      */
+      stdin_is_interactive = 1;
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-batch")==0 ){
       /* Need to check for batch mode here to so we can avoid printing
       ** informational messages (like from process_sqliterc) before
       ** we do the actual processing of arguments later in a second pass.
       */
       stdin_is_interactive = 0;
+    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-utf8")==0 ){
+#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
+      /* Option accepted, but is ignored except for this diagnostic. */
+      if( mbcs_opted ) fprintf(stderr, "Cannot do UTF-8 at this console.\n");
+#endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */
+    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-utf8")==0 ){
+#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
+      mbcs_opted = 1;
+#endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-heap")==0 ){
 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3) || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5)
       const char *zSize;
@@ -12177,7 +12388,7 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
 #endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MULTIPLEX
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-multiplex")==0 ){
-      extern int sqlite3_multiple_initialize(const char*,int);
+      extern int sqlite3_multiplex_initialize(const char*,int);
       sqlite3_multiplex_initialize(0, 1);
 #endif
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-mmap")==0 ){
@@ -12216,11 +12427,13 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
 #endif
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z, "-memtrace")==0 ){
       sqlite3MemTraceActivate(stderr);
+    }else if( cli_strcmp(z, "-pcachetrace")==0 ){
+      sqlite3PcacheTraceActivate(stderr);
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bail")==0 ){
       bail_on_error = 1;
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-nonce")==0 ){
       free(data.zNonce);
-      data.zNonce = strdup(argv[++i]);
+      data.zNonce = strdup(cmdline_option_value(argc, argv, ++i));
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-unsafe-testing")==0 ){
       ShellSetFlag(&data,SHFLG_TestingMode);
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-safe")==0 ){
@@ -12256,6 +12469,15 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
       exit(1);
     }
   }
+#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
+  /* Get indicated Windows console setup done before running invocation commands. */
+  if( in_console || out_console ){
+    console_prepare_utf8();
+  }
+  if( !in_console ){
+    setBinaryMode(stdin, 0);
+  }
+#endif
 
   if( data.pAuxDb->zDbFilename==0 ){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORYDB
@@ -12379,16 +12601,17 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-bail")==0 ){
       /* No-op.  The bail_on_error flag should already be set. */
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-version")==0 ){
-      printf("%s %s\n", sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
+      printf("%s %s (%d-bit)\n", sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(),
+             8*(int)sizeof(char*));
       return 0;
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-interactive")==0 ){
-      stdin_is_interactive = 1;
+      /* already handled */
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-batch")==0 ){
-      stdin_is_interactive = 0;
+      /* already handled */
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-utf8")==0 ){
-#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-      console_utf8 = 1;
-#endif /* SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT */
+      /* already handled */
+    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-no-utf8")==0 ){
+      /* already handled */
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-heap")==0 ){
       i++;
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-pagecache")==0 ){
@@ -12403,6 +12626,8 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
       i++;
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-memtrace")==0 ){
       i++;
+    }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-pcachetrace")==0 ){
+      i++;
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES
     }else if( cli_strcmp(z,"-sorterref")==0 ){
       i++;
@@ -12468,14 +12693,6 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
     }
     data.cMode = data.mode;
   }
-#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
-  if( console_utf8 && stdin_is_interactive ){
-    console_prepare();
-  }else{
-    setBinaryMode(stdin, 0);
-    console_utf8 = 0;
-  }
-#endif
 
   if( !readStdin ){
     /* Run all arguments that do not begin with '-' as if they were separate
@@ -12511,11 +12728,20 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
     if( stdin_is_interactive ){
       char *zHome;
       char *zHistory;
+      const char *zCharset = "";
       int nHistory;
+#if SHELL_WIN_UTF8_OPT
+      switch( console_utf8_in+2*console_utf8_out ){
+      default: case 0: break;
+      case 1: zCharset = " (utf8 in)"; break;
+      case 2: zCharset = " (utf8 out)"; break;
+      case 3: zCharset = " (utf8 I/O)"; break;
+      }
+#endif
       printf(
-        "SQLite version %s %.19s\n" /*extra-version-info*/
+        "SQLite version %s %.19s%s\n" /*extra-version-info*/
         "Enter \".help\" for usage hints.\n",
-        sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid()
+        sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(), zCharset
       );
       if( warnInmemoryDb ){
         printf("Connected to a ");
diff --git a/sqlite/src/sqlite.h.in b/sqlite/src/sqlite.h.in
index b78adc2a..01a7f4d4 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/sqlite.h.in
+++ b/sqlite/src/sqlite.h.in
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ extern "C" {
 ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
 ** and Z will be reset to zero.
 **
-** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]), 
+** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
 ** SQLite source code has been stored in the
 ** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
 ** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
@@ -528,6 +528,7 @@ int sqlite3_exec(
 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS         (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (34<<8))
 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
 #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
@@ -716,7 +717,7 @@ int sqlite3_exec(
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
 **
-** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the 
+** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
 ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
 ** implementations will
 ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
@@ -738,7 +739,7 @@ struct sqlite3_file {
 ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
 ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
 **
-** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element 
+** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
 ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
 ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
 ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
@@ -982,13 +983,13 @@ struct sqlite3_io_methods {
 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
 ** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
-** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current 
+** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
 ** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
 **
 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
 ** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
-** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from 
+** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
 ** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
 ** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
@@ -1179,22 +1180,22 @@ struct sqlite3_io_methods {
 **
 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER]]
 ** The EXPERIMENTAL [SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER] opcode is used to detect
-** whether or not there is a database client in another process with a wal-mode 
+** whether or not there is a database client in another process with a wal-mode
 ** transaction open on the database or not. It is only available on unix.The
 ** (void*) argument passed with this file-control should be a pointer to a
 ** value of type (int). The integer value is set to 1 if the database is a wal
 ** mode database and there exists at least one client in another process that
-** currently has an SQL transaction open on the database. It is set to 0 if 
+** currently has an SQL transaction open on the database. It is set to 0 if
 ** the database is not a wal-mode db, or if there is no such connection in any
 ** other process. This opcode cannot be used to detect transactions opened
 ** by clients within the current process, only within other processes.
 **
 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE]]
-** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE] opcode is for use interally by the
+** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE] opcode is for use internally by the
 ** [checksum VFS shim] only.
 **
 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE]]
-** If there is currently no transaction open on the database, and the 
+** If there is currently no transaction open on the database, and the
 ** database is not a temp db, then the [SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE] file-control
 ** purges the contents of the in-memory page cache. If there is an open
 ** transaction, or if the db is a temp-db, this opcode is a no-op, not an error.
@@ -1496,7 +1497,7 @@ struct sqlite3_vfs {
   /*
   ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
   ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
-  ** value will increment whenever this happens. 
+  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
   */
 };
 
@@ -1688,7 +1689,7 @@ int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
 ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
 **
 ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
-** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code 
+** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
 ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
 ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
 **
@@ -1736,7 +1737,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
 ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
 ** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
 ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
-** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0, 
+** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
 ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
 **
 ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
@@ -1811,7 +1812,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
 ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
-** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return 
+** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
 ** configuration option.</dd>
 **
@@ -2126,7 +2127,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
 ** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
 ** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
-** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
+** negative value for this option restores the default behavior.
 ** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
 **
@@ -2295,13 +2296,13 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** until after the database connection closes.
 ** </dd>
 **
-** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]] 
+** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
-** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a 
-** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no 
-** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint 
+** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
+** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
+** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
 ** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
-** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
+** override this behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation
 ** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
 ** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
@@ -2318,7 +2319,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
 ** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
 ** was used during testing in the lab.
-** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable 
+** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
 ** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
 ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
@@ -2326,15 +2327,15 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** </dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
-** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not 
+** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
 ** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
 ** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
 ** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
 ** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
 ** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
-** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written 
-** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if 
-** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.  
+** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
+** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
+** it is not disabled, 1 if it is. 
 ** </dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
@@ -2348,7 +2349,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 **      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
 **      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
 **      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
-**      the reset.  
+**      the reset. 
 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
 ** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
@@ -2364,7 +2365,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
 ** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
-** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to 
+** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
 ** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
 ** features include but are not limited to the following:
 ** <ul>
@@ -2380,7 +2381,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
 ** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
 ** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
-** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable 
+** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
 ** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
 ** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
 ** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
@@ -2424,7 +2425,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** including:
 ** <ul>
 ** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
-** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes, 
+** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
 ** partial indexes, or generated columns
 ** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
 ** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
@@ -2445,7 +2446,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
 ** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
 ** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
-** is now scarcely any need to generate database files that are compatible 
+** is now scarcely any need to generate database files that are compatible
 ** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
 ** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
 ** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
@@ -2454,7 +2455,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
 ** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
 ** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
-** either generated columns or decending indexes.
+** either generated columns or descending indexes.
 ** </dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS]]
@@ -2463,7 +2464,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS builds. In this case, it sets or clears
 ** a flag that enables collection of the sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2()
 ** statistics. For statistics to be collected, the flag must be set on
-** the database handle both when the SQL statement is prepared and when it 
+** the database handle both when the SQL statement is prepared and when it
 ** is stepped. The flag is set (collection of statistics is enabled)
 ** by default.  This option takes two arguments: an integer and a pointer to
 ** an integer..  The first argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or
@@ -2537,8 +2538,8 @@ int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
 ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
 ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
 ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
-** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred 
-** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns 
+** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
+** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
 ** zero.
 **
 ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
@@ -2548,15 +2549,15 @@ int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
 ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
 ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
 ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
-** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to 
+** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
 ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
-** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original 
-** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning 
+** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
+** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
 ** control to the user.
 **
-** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will 
-** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is 
-** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned 
+** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
+** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
+** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
 ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
 **
 ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
@@ -2589,7 +2590,7 @@ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
 ** METHOD: sqlite3
 **
 ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
-** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R 
+** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
 ** without inserting a row into the database.
 */
 void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
@@ -2602,43 +2603,43 @@ void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
 ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
 ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
 ** The two functions are identical except for the type of the return value
-** and that if the number of rows modified by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE 
+** and that if the number of rows modified by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE
 ** or DELETE is greater than the maximum value supported by type "int", then
 ** the return value of sqlite3_changes() is undefined. ^Executing any other
 ** type of SQL statement does not modify the value returned by these functions.
 **
 ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
-** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers], 
+** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
 ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
-** 
-** Changes to a view that are intercepted by 
-** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value 
-** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or 
-** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real 
+**
+** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
+** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
+** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
+** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
 ** tables are counted.
 **
 ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
 ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
 ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
 ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
-** 
+**
 ** <ul>
 **   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
-**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program 
+**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
 **        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
-** 
-**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE 
-**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes() 
-**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include 
-**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes() 
+**
+**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
+**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
+**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
+**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
 **        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
 ** </ul>
-** 
+**
 ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
-** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it 
+** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
 ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
-** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger 
-** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the 
+** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
+** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
 ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
 **
 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
@@ -2663,16 +2664,16 @@ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_changes64(sqlite3*);
 ** ^These functions return the total number of rows inserted, modified or
 ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
 ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
-** part of trigger programs. The two functions are identical except for the 
-** type of the return value and that if the number of rows modified by the 
+** part of trigger programs. The two functions are identical except for the
+** type of the return value and that if the number of rows modified by the
 ** connection exceeds the maximum value supported by type "int", then
-** the return value of sqlite3_total_changes() is undefined. ^Executing 
-** any other type of SQL statement does not affect the value returned by 
+** the return value of sqlite3_total_changes() is undefined. ^Executing
+** any other type of SQL statement does not affect the value returned by
 ** sqlite3_total_changes().
-** 
+**
 ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
 ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
-** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers 
+** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
 ** are not counted.
 **
 ** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
@@ -2681,7 +2682,7 @@ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_changes64(sqlite3*);
 ** To detect changes against a database file from other database
 ** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
-** 
+**
 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
 ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
 ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
@@ -2724,7 +2725,7 @@ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_total_changes64(sqlite3*);
 **
 ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
 ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
-** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the 
+** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
 ** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
 ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
 ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
@@ -2735,6 +2736,7 @@ sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_total_changes64(sqlite3*);
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_is_interrupted(D)] interface can be used to determine whether
 ** or not an interrupt is currently in effect for [database connection] D.
+** It returns 1 if an interrupt is currently in effect, or 0 otherwise.
 */
 void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
 int sqlite3_is_interrupted(sqlite3*);
@@ -2760,7 +2762,7 @@ int sqlite3_is_interrupted(sqlite3*);
 ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
 ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
 **
-** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior 
+** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
 ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
 ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
 ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
@@ -2805,7 +2807,7 @@ int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
 ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
 ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
 ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
-** to the application instead of invoking the 
+** to the application instead of invoking the
 ** busy handler.
 ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
 ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
@@ -2830,7 +2832,7 @@ int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
 ** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
 ** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
 ** result in undefined behavior.
-** 
+**
 ** A busy handler must not close the database connection
 ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
 */
@@ -2948,7 +2950,7 @@ void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
 ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
 ** from the standard C library.
 ** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
-** the standard library printf() 
+** the standard library printf()
 ** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
 ** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
 **
@@ -3144,7 +3146,7 @@ void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
 ** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
 ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
-** access is denied. 
+** access is denied.
 **
 ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
 ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
@@ -3197,7 +3199,7 @@ void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
 **
 ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
-** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a 
+** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
 ** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
 ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
 **
@@ -3388,10 +3390,12 @@ SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
 ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
 ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
 **
-** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides 
-** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
+** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace(D,X,P) or sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)
+** overrides (cancels) all prior calls to sqlite3_trace(D,X,P) or
+** sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) for the [database connection] D.  Each
+** database connection may have at most one trace callback.
 **
-** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by 
+** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
 ** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
 ** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
 ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
@@ -3423,8 +3427,8 @@ int sqlite3_trace_v2(
 ** database connection D.  An example use for this
 ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
 **
-** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the 
-** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of 
+** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
+** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
 ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
 ** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
 ** handler is disabled.
@@ -3601,17 +3605,17 @@ void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
 ** information.
 **
 ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
-** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string 
-** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an 
-** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if 
+** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
+** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
+** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
 ** present, is ignored.
 **
 ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
-** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character, 
-** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin 
+** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
+** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
 ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
-** then the path is interpreted as a relative path. 
-** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path 
+** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
+** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
 ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
 **
 ** [[core URI query parameters]]
@@ -3631,13 +3635,13 @@ void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
 **
 **   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
 **     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
-**     an error)^. 
-**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only 
-**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the 
-**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to 
-**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create) 
-**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had 
-**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both 
+**     an error)^.
+**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
+**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
+**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
+**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
+**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
+**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
 **     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
 **     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
 **     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
@@ -3647,7 +3651,7 @@ void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
 **   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
 **     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
 **     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
-**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is 
+**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
 **     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
 **     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
 **     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
@@ -3673,7 +3677,7 @@ void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
 **     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
 **     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
 **     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
-**       
+**      
 ** </ul>
 **
 ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
@@ -3685,37 +3689,37 @@ void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
 **
 ** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
 ** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
-** <tr><td> file:data.db <td> 
+** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
 **          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
-**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br> 
-**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td> 
+**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
+**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
 **          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
-** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td> 
+** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
 **          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
-** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap"> 
+** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
 **          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
 **     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
-**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly 
+**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
 **          necessary - space characters can be used literally
 **          in URI filenames.
-** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td> 
+** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
 **          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
 **          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
 **          default, use a private cache.
 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
 **          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
 **          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
-** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td> 
+** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
 **          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
 **          Use "ro" instead:  "file:data.db?mode=ro".
 ** </table>
 **
 ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
 ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
-** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits 
+** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
 ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
-** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all 
+** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
 ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
 ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
 ** the results are undefined.
@@ -3751,14 +3755,14 @@ int sqlite3_open_v2(
 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
 **
 ** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
-** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query 
+** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
 **
 ** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
 ** as F) must be one of:
 ** <ul>
 ** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
-** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
+** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implementation, or
 ** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
 ** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
 ** </ul>
@@ -3769,7 +3773,7 @@ int sqlite3_open_v2(
 ** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
 ** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
 ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
-** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a 
+** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
 ** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
 ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
 ** a pointer to an empty string.
@@ -3778,7 +3782,7 @@ int sqlite3_open_v2(
 ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
 ** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
 ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
-** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The 
+** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
 ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
 ** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
@@ -3796,7 +3800,7 @@ int sqlite3_open_v2(
 ** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
 ** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
 ** so forth.
-** 
+**
 ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
 ** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
@@ -3853,14 +3857,14 @@ const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(sqlite3_filename);
 ** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
 **
 ** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
-** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then 
+** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
 ** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
 ** object that represents the main database file.
 **
 ** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
 ** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
 ** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
-** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the 
+** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
 ** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
 ** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
@@ -3871,7 +3875,7 @@ sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
 **
-** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
+** These interfaces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
 ** are not useful outside of that context.
 **
 ** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
@@ -3883,7 +3887,7 @@ sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
-** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()], 
+** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
@@ -3907,7 +3911,7 @@ sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
 ** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
 ** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
 ** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
-** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be 
+** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be
 ** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
 ** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
 ** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
@@ -3926,12 +3930,12 @@ void sqlite3_free_filename(sqlite3_filename);
 ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
 ** METHOD: sqlite3
 **
-** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with 
+** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
 ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
 ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
 ** API call.
 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
-** interface is the same except that it always returns the 
+** interface is the same except that it always returns the
 ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
 ** disabled.
 **
@@ -3951,6 +3955,7 @@ void sqlite3_free_filename(sqlite3_filename);
 **
 ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
 ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
+** (See how SQLite handles [invalid UTF] for exceptions to this rule.)
 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
 ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
 ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
@@ -3997,7 +4002,7 @@ int sqlite3_error_offset(sqlite3 *db);
 ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
 **
 ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
-** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object 
+** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
 ** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
 ** prepared statement before it can be run.
 **
@@ -4027,7 +4032,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
 ** new limit for that construct.)^
 **
 ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
-** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a 
+** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
 ** [limits | hard upper bound]
 ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
 ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
@@ -4035,7 +4040,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
 ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
 ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
 **
-** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the 
+** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
 ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
 ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
 ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
@@ -4140,7 +4145,7 @@ int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
 ** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
 ** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
-** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will 
+** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
 ** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
 ** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
@@ -4247,12 +4252,12 @@ int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
 ** </li>
 **
 ** <li>
-** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the 
+** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
 ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
-** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been 
+** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
 ** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
-** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter]. 
-** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the 
+** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
+** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
 ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
 ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
 ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
@@ -4366,8 +4371,8 @@ const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** the content of the database file.
 **
 ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
-** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.  
-** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that 
+** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect. 
+** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
 ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
 ** change the database file through side-effects:
 **
@@ -4381,10 +4386,10 @@ const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
 ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
 ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
-** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the 
+** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
 ** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
-** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make 
+** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
 ** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
 ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
@@ -4397,7 +4402,7 @@ const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** ^For example, an UPDATE statement might have a WHERE clause that
 ** makes it a no-op, but the sqlite3_stmt_readonly() result would still
 ** be false.  ^Similarly, a CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statement is a
-** read-only no-op if the table already exists, but 
+** read-only no-op if the table already exists, but
 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() still returns false for such a statement.
 **
 ** ^If prepared statement X is an [EXPLAIN] or [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
@@ -4418,23 +4423,58 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 */
 int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Change The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
+** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
+**
+** The sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) interface changes the EXPLAIN
+** setting for [prepared statement] S.  If E is zero, then S becomes
+** a normal prepared statement.  If E is 1, then S behaves as if
+** its SQL text began with "[EXPLAIN]".  If E is 2, then S behaves as if
+** its SQL text began with "[EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]".
+**
+** Calling sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) might cause S to be reprepared.
+** SQLite tries to avoid a reprepare, but a reprepare might be necessary
+** on the first transition into EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN mode.
+**
+** Because of the potential need to reprepare, a call to
+** sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) will fail with SQLITE_ERROR if S cannot be
+** reprepared because it was created using [sqlite3_prepare()] instead of
+** the newer [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] interfaces and
+** hence has no saved SQL text with which to reprepare.
+**
+** Changing the explain setting for a prepared statement does not change
+** the original SQL text for the statement.  Hence, if the SQL text originally
+** began with EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN, but sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,0)
+** is called to convert the statement into an ordinary statement, the EXPLAIN
+** or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN keywords will still appear in the sqlite3_sql(S)
+** output, even though the statement now acts like a normal SQL statement.
+**
+** This routine returns SQLITE_OK if the explain mode is successfully
+** changed, or an error code if the explain mode could not be changed.
+** The explain mode cannot be changed while a statement is active.
+** Hence, it is good practice to call [sqlite3_reset(S)]
+** immediately prior to calling sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E).
+*/
+int sqlite3_stmt_explain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int eMode);
+
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
 **
 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
-** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using 
+** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
 ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
 ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
-** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a 
+** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
 ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
 ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
 **
 ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
-** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database 
+** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
 ** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
-** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared 
+** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
 ** statements that are holding a transaction open.
 */
 int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
@@ -4453,7 +4493,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
 ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
 ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
 ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
-** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new 
+** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
 ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
 **
 ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
@@ -4461,7 +4501,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
 ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
 ** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
 ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
-** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes 
+** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
 ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
 ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
@@ -4552,7 +4592,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
 ** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
 ** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
 ** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
-** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^ 
+** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
 ** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
 ** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
 ** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
@@ -4569,7 +4609,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
 ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
 ** that parameter must be the byte offset
 ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
-** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than 
+** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
 ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
 ** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
 ** with embedded NULs is undefined.
@@ -4581,7 +4621,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
 ** with it may be passed. ^It is called to dispose of the BLOB or string even
 ** if the call to the bind API fails, except the destructor is not called if
 ** the third parameter is a NULL pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
-** ^ (2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passsed to indicate that
+** ^ (2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passed to indicate that
 ** the application remains responsible for disposing of the object. ^In this
 ** case, the object and the provided pointer to it must remain valid until
 ** either the prepared statement is finalized or the same SQL parameter is
@@ -4735,7 +4775,7 @@ int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
 **
 ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
-** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the 
+** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
 ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
 ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
 ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
@@ -4917,7 +4957,7 @@ const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
 ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
 ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
 ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
-** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using 
+** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
 ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
 ** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
 ** sqlite3_step() began
@@ -5008,7 +5048,7 @@ int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
-** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an 
+** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
 ** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
@@ -5056,7 +5096,7 @@ int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
 ** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
 ** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
-** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.  
+** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question. 
 ** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
 ** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
 ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
@@ -5084,7 +5124,7 @@ int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** the number of bytes in that string.
 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
 **
-** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and 
+** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
 ** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
@@ -5107,7 +5147,7 @@ int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
 ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
 ** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
-** is normally only useful within the implementation of 
+** is normally only useful within the implementation of
 ** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
 ** top-level application code.
 **
@@ -5260,20 +5300,33 @@ int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
 ** back to the beginning of its program.
 **
-** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
-** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
-** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
-** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
+** ^The return code from [sqlite3_reset(S)] indicates whether or not
+** the previous evaluation of prepared statement S completed successfully.
+** ^If [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S or if
+** [sqlite3_step(S)] has not been called since the previous call
+** to [sqlite3_reset(S)], then [sqlite3_reset(S)] will return
+** [SQLITE_OK].
 **
 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
 ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
 ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
+** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface might also return an [error code]
+** if there were no prior errors but the process of resetting
+** the prepared statement caused a new error. ^For example, if an
+** [INSERT] statement with a [RETURNING] clause is only stepped one time,
+** that one call to [sqlite3_step(S)] might return SQLITE_ROW but
+** the overall statement might still fail and the [sqlite3_reset(S)] call
+** might return SQLITE_BUSY if locking constraints prevent the
+** database change from committing.  Therefore, it is important that
+** applications check the return code from [sqlite3_reset(S)] even if
+** no prior call to [sqlite3_step(S)] indicated a problem.
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
 ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
 */
 int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 
+
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
 ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
@@ -5282,8 +5335,8 @@ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
 ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
 ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
-** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding 
-** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being 
+** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
+** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
 ** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
 ** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
 ** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
@@ -5297,7 +5350,7 @@ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
 ** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
-** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.  
+** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes. 
 ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
 ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
 **
@@ -5312,7 +5365,7 @@ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
 ** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
-** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes 
+** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
 ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
 ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
@@ -5338,7 +5391,7 @@ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
 ** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
 ** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
-** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL 
+** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
 ** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
 ** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
 ** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
@@ -5358,21 +5411,21 @@ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
 ** callbacks.
 **
-** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue 
+** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
 ** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
 ** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
 ** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
-** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be 
+** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
 ** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
 ** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
-** of aggregate window functions are 
+** of aggregate window functions are
 ** [user-defined window functions|available here].
 **
 ** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
 ** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
-** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function 
-** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection 
-** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to 
+** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
+** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
+** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
 ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
 ** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
 ** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
@@ -5385,7 +5438,7 @@ int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
 ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
 ** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
 ** matches the database encoding is a better
-** match than a function where the encoding is different.  
+** match than a function where the encoding is different. 
 ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
 ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
 ** between UTF8 and UTF16.
@@ -5457,7 +5510,7 @@ int sqlite3_create_window_function(
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
 **
-** These constants may be ORed together with the 
+** These constants may be ORed together with the
 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
 ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
@@ -5473,18 +5526,18 @@ int sqlite3_create_window_function(
 ** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
 ** out of inner loops.
 ** </dd>
-** 
+**
 ** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
-** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in 
+** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
 ** <p>
-** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag is recommended for any 
+** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag is recommended for any
 ** [application-defined SQL function]
 ** that has side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive information.
 ** This will prevent attacks in which an application is tricked
-** into using a database file that has had its schema surreptiously
+** into using a database file that has had its schema surreptitiously
 ** modified to invoke the application-defined function in ways that are
 ** harmful.
 ** <p>
@@ -5540,7 +5593,7 @@ int sqlite3_create_window_function(
 ** DEPRECATED
 **
 ** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
-** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue 
+** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
 ** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
 ** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
 ** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
@@ -5608,11 +5661,11 @@ SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
 ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
 ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
 **
-** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized 
+** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
 ** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
 ** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
 ** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
-** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() 
+** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
 **
 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
@@ -5758,7 +5811,7 @@ void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
 ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
 ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
 **
-** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called 
+** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
 ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
 ** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
 ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
@@ -5771,7 +5824,7 @@ void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
 ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
 ** first time from within xFinal().)^
 **
-** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer 
+** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
 ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
 ** allocation error occurs.
 **
@@ -5780,10 +5833,10 @@ void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
 ** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
 ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
 ** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
-** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no 
+** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
 ** pointless memory allocations occur.
 **
-** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by 
+** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
 **
 ** The first parameter must be a copy of the
@@ -5828,48 +5881,48 @@ sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
 **
 ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
-** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
-** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
-** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
-** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
-** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
-** metadata associated with the pattern string.  
+** associate auxiliary data with argument values. If the same argument
+** value is passed to multiple invocations of the same SQL function during
+** query execution, under some circumstances the associated auxiliary data
+** might be preserved.  An example of where this might be useful is in a
+** regular-expression matching function. The compiled version of the regular
+** expression can be stored as auxiliary data associated with the pattern string. 
 ** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
 ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
 ** invocations of the same function.
 **
-** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
+** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the auxiliary data
 ** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
 ** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
-** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
+** function argument.  ^If there is no auxiliary data
 ** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
 ** returns a NULL pointer.
 **
-** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
-** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
+** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as auxiliary data for the
+** N-th argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
 ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
-** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
-** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
+** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the auxiliary data is still valid or
+** NULL if the auxiliary data has been discarded.
 ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
 ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
-** once, when the metadata is discarded.
-** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
+** once, when the auxiliary data is discarded.
+** SQLite is free to discard the auxiliary data at any time, including: <ul>
 ** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
 ** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
 **      SQL statement)^, or
 ** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
 **       parameter)^, or
-** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory 
+** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
 **      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
 **
-** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in 
+** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
 ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
 ** function implementation should not make any use of P after
 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
 **
-** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
+** ^(In practice, auxiliary data is preserved between function calls for
 ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
 ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
 **
@@ -5879,10 +5932,67 @@ sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
 **
 ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
 ** the SQL function is running.
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_get_clientdata()] and [sqlite3_set_clientdata()].
 */
 void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
 void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
 
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Client Data
+** METHOD: sqlite3
+**
+** These functions are used to associate one or more named pointers
+** with a [database connection].
+** A call to sqlite3_set_clientdata(D,N,P,X) causes the pointer P
+** to be attached to [database connection] D using name N.  Subsequent
+** calls to sqlite3_get_clientdata(D,N) will return a copy of pointer P
+** or a NULL pointer if there were no prior calls to
+** sqlite3_set_clientdata() with the same values of D and N.
+** Names are compared using strcmp() and are thus case sensitive.
+**
+** If P and X are both non-NULL, then the destructor X is invoked with
+** argument P on the first of the following occurrences:
+** <ul>
+** <li> An out-of-memory error occurs during the call to
+**      sqlite3_set_clientdata() which attempts to register pointer P.
+** <li> A subsequent call to sqlite3_set_clientdata(D,N,P,X) is made
+**      with the same D and N parameters.
+** <li> The database connection closes.  SQLite does not make any guarantees
+**      about the order in which destructors are called, only that all
+**      destructors will be called exactly once at some point during the
+**      database connection closing process.
+** </ul>
+**
+** SQLite does not do anything with client data other than invoke
+** destructors on the client data at the appropriate time.  The intended
+** use for client data is to provide a mechanism for wrapper libraries
+** to store additional information about an SQLite database connection.
+**
+** There is no limit (other than available memory) on the number of different
+** client data pointers (with different names) that can be attached to a
+** single database connection.  However, the implementation is optimized
+** for the case of having only one or two different client data names.
+** Applications and wrapper libraries are discouraged from using more than
+** one client data name each.
+**
+** There is no way to enumerate the client data pointers
+** associated with a database connection.  The N parameter can be thought
+** of as a secret key such that only code that knows the secret key is able
+** to access the associated data.
+**
+** Security Warning:  These interfaces should not be exposed in scripting
+** languages or in other circumstances where it might be possible for an
+** an attacker to invoke them.  Any agent that can invoke these interfaces
+** can probably also take control of the process.
+** 
+** Database connection client data is only available for SQLite
+** version 3.44.0 ([dateof:3.44.0]) and later.
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_set_auxdata()] and [sqlite3_get_auxdata()].
+*/
+void *sqlite3_get_clientdata(sqlite3*,const char*);
+int sqlite3_set_clientdata(sqlite3*, const char*, void*, void(*)(void*));
 
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
@@ -6036,7 +6146,7 @@ typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
 **
 ** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
 ** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
-** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that 
+** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
 ** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
 ** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
 ** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
@@ -6078,8 +6188,8 @@ int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
 **
 ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
-** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with 
-** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits 
+** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
+** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
 ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
 ** higher order bits are discarded.
 ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
@@ -6126,7 +6236,7 @@ void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
 ** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
 ** that collation is no longer usable.
 **
-** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg 
+** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
 ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
 ** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
 ** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
@@ -6157,36 +6267,36 @@ void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
 ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
 ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
 **
-** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the 
+** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
-** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should 
+** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
 ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
 ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
-** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency 
-** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards 
+** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
+** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
 ** compatibility.
 **
 ** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
 */
 int sqlite3_create_collation(
-  sqlite3*, 
-  const char *zName, 
-  int eTextRep, 
+  sqlite3*,
+  const char *zName,
+  int eTextRep,
   void *pArg,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
 );
 int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
-  sqlite3*, 
-  const char *zName, 
-  int eTextRep, 
+  sqlite3*,
+  const char *zName,
+  int eTextRep,
   void *pArg,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
 );
 int sqlite3_create_collation16(
-  sqlite3*, 
+  sqlite3*,
   const void *zName,
-  int eTextRep, 
+  int eTextRep,
   void *pArg,
   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
 );
@@ -6219,19 +6329,19 @@ int sqlite3_create_collation16(
 ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
 */
 int sqlite3_collation_needed(
-  sqlite3*, 
-  void*, 
+  sqlite3*,
+  void*,
   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
 );
 int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
-  sqlite3*, 
+  sqlite3*,
   void*,
   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
 );
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
 /*
-** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless 
+** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
 ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
 */
 void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
@@ -6294,7 +6404,7 @@ int sqlite3_sleep(int);
 ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
 ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
-** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from 
+** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
 ** using [sqlite3_free].
 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
@@ -6351,7 +6461,7 @@ SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
 ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
 ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
-** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from 
+** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
 ** using [sqlite3_free].
 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
@@ -6515,7 +6625,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
 int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema);
 
 /*
-** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from [sqlite3_txn_state()]
+** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from sqlite3_txn_state()
 ** KEYWORDS: {transaction state}
 **
 ** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file.
@@ -6617,7 +6727,7 @@ void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
 ** CAPI3REF: Autovacuum Compaction Amount Callback
 ** METHOD: sqlite3
 **
-** ^The sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) interface registers a callback 
+** ^The sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) interface registers a callback
 ** function C that is invoked prior to each autovacuum of the database
 ** file.  ^The callback is passed a copy of the generic data pointer (P),
 ** the schema-name of the attached database that is being autovacuumed,
@@ -6647,7 +6757,7 @@ void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
 ** ^Each call to the sqlite3_autovacuum_pages() interface overrides all
 ** previous invocations for that database connection.  ^If the callback
 ** argument (C) to sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) is a NULL pointer,
-** then the autovacuum steps callback is cancelled.  The return value
+** then the autovacuum steps callback is canceled.  The return value
 ** from sqlite3_autovacuum_pages() is normally SQLITE_OK, but might
 ** be some other error code if something goes wrong.  The current
 ** implementation will only return SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_MISUSE, but other
@@ -6729,7 +6839,7 @@ int sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(
 ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
 */
 void *sqlite3_update_hook(
-  sqlite3*, 
+  sqlite3*,
   void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
   void*
 );
@@ -6748,7 +6858,7 @@ void *sqlite3_update_hook(
 ** [use of shared cache mode is discouraged].
 **
 ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
-** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]). 
+** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
 ** In prior versions of SQLite,
 ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
 **
@@ -6769,8 +6879,8 @@ void *sqlite3_update_hook(
 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
 **
 ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
-** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems, 
-** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via 
+** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
+** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
 **
 ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
@@ -6823,7 +6933,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
 ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
 ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
 ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
-** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit 
+** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
 ** is advisory only.
 **
 ** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
@@ -6939,7 +7049,7 @@ SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
 **
 ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
 **
-** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table 
+** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
 ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
 ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
@@ -7005,7 +7115,7 @@ int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
 ** prior to calling this API,
 ** otherwise an error will be returned.
 **
-** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the 
+** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
 ** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
 ** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
@@ -7092,7 +7202,7 @@ int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
 ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
 ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
 ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
-** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully 
+** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
 ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
 ** routines.
 */
@@ -7118,8 +7228,8 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
 **
-** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module", 
-** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].  
+** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
+** defines the implementation of a [virtual table]. 
 ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
 **
 ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
@@ -7158,7 +7268,7 @@ struct sqlite3_module {
                        void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
                        void **ppArg);
   int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
-  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those 
+  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
   ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
   int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
   int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
@@ -7166,6 +7276,10 @@ struct sqlite3_module {
   /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
   int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
+  /* The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_module object.
+  ** Those below are for version 4 and greater. */
+  int (*xIntegrity)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, const char *zSchema,
+                    const char *zTabName, int mFlags, char **pzErr);
 };
 
 /*
@@ -7208,7 +7322,7 @@ struct sqlite3_module {
 ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
 ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
 ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
-** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to 
+** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
 ** non-zero.
 **
 ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
@@ -7235,17 +7349,17 @@ struct sqlite3_module {
 **
 ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
 ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
-** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N) 
+** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
 ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
 ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
 **
 ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
 ** will be returned by the strategy.
 **
-** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a 
+** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
 ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
 ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
-** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row. 
+** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
 **
 ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
 ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
@@ -7258,14 +7372,14 @@ struct sqlite3_module {
 ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
 **
 ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
-** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]). 
+** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
 ** If a virtual table extension is
-** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting 
-** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely 
+** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
+** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
 ** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
 ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
 ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
-** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]). 
+** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
 ** It may therefore only be used if
 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
 ** 3009000.
@@ -7305,7 +7419,7 @@ struct sqlite3_index_info {
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
 **
-** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the 
+** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
 ** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
 ** these bits.
 */
@@ -7377,7 +7491,7 @@ struct sqlite3_index_info {
 ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
 **
 ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
-** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the 
+** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
 ** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
 ** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
 ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
@@ -7492,7 +7606,7 @@ int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
 ** METHOD: sqlite3
 **
 ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
-** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].  
+** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module]. 
 ** But global versions of those functions
 ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
 **
@@ -7533,7 +7647,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
 **     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
 ** </pre>)^
 **
-** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but 
+** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
 ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
 ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
 ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
@@ -7546,28 +7660,28 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
 ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
 ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
 ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
-** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()] 
+** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
 ** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
 **
 ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
 ** <ul>
-**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^, 
-**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^, 
-**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^, 
+**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
+**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
+**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
 **   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
 **   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
 **         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
-**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE 
+**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
 **         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
-**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled, 
+**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
 **         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
 **         being opened for read/write access)^.
 ** </ul>
 **
-** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the 
-** [database connection] error code and message accessible via 
-** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions. 
+** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
+** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
+** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
 **
 ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
 ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
@@ -7593,7 +7707,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
 ** blob.
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
-** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a 
+** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
 ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
 **
 ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
@@ -7643,7 +7757,7 @@ int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
 **
 ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
-** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the 
+** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
 ** handle is still closed.)^
 **
 ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
@@ -7653,10 +7767,10 @@ int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
 ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
 **
 ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
-** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine 
-** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to 
+** open blob handle results in undefined behavior. ^Calling this routine
+** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
 ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
-** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the 
+** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
 ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
 */
 int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
@@ -7665,7 +7779,7 @@ int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
 **
-** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the 
+** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
 ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
 ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
 ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
@@ -7716,9 +7830,9 @@ int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
 **
 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
 ** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
-** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the 
-** [database connection] error code and message accessible via 
-** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions. 
+** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
+** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
+** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
 **
 ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
 ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
@@ -7727,9 +7841,9 @@ int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
 ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
 ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
-** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the 
-** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined 
-** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
+** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
+** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
 ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
 **
 ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
@@ -8048,7 +8162,7 @@ int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
 ** METHOD: sqlite3
 **
-** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that 
+** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
 ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
 ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
 ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
@@ -8075,7 +8189,7 @@ sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
 ** method becomes the return value of this routine.
 **
 ** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
-** by the SQLite core and never invoke the 
+** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
 ** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
@@ -8133,6 +8247,7 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION             7
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
@@ -8161,12 +8276,13 @@ int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS              31
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE                    32
 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOGEST                  33
-#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    33  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE           34
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    34  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
 
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
 **
-** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords 
+** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
 ** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
 ** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
 ** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
@@ -8238,14 +8354,14 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
 ** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
-** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to 
+** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
 ** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
 ** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
-** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from 
-** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for 
+** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
+** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
 ** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
@@ -8281,9 +8397,9 @@ char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
 ** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
 ** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
 **
-** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and 
+** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
 ** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
-** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of 
+** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
 ** [sqlite3_str] object X.
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
@@ -8300,7 +8416,7 @@ char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
 ** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
-** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.  
+** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length. 
 **
 ** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
 ** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
@@ -8402,7 +8518,7 @@ int sqlite3_status64(
 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
 ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
 ** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
-** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.  
+** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest. 
 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
@@ -8411,11 +8527,11 @@ int sqlite3_status64(
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
-** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using 
+** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
 ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
 **
-** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]] 
+** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
@@ -8428,7 +8544,7 @@ int sqlite3_status64(
 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
 ** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
-** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.  
+** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest. 
 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
@@ -8441,7 +8557,7 @@ int sqlite3_status64(
 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
-** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack. 
+** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
 ** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
 ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
 ** </dl>
@@ -8463,12 +8579,12 @@ int sqlite3_status64(
 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
 ** METHOD: sqlite3
 **
-** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information 
+** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
 ** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
 ** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
 ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
-** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of 
+** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
 ** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
 **
@@ -8503,7 +8619,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
 ** checked out.</dd>)^
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
-** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were 
+** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
 ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
 ** the current value is always zero.)^
 **
@@ -8528,7 +8644,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
 ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
 **
-** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]] 
+** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
 ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
@@ -8543,7 +8659,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
 ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
-** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^ 
+** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
 ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
 ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
 ** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
@@ -8558,13 +8674,13 @@ int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
-** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT 
+** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
 ** is always 0.
 ** </dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
-** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS 
+** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
 ** is always 0.
 ** </dd>
 **
@@ -8622,7 +8738,7 @@ int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
 ** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
 ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
 ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
-** an index.  
+** an index. 
 **
 ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
 ** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
@@ -8649,7 +8765,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
 ** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
-** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through 
+** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
 ** careful use of indices.</dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
@@ -8667,14 +8783,14 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
 ** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
 ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
-** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be 
+** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
 ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
 ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
-** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to 
+** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
 ** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
@@ -8685,7 +8801,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
 ** cycle.
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS]]
-** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER HIT]] 
+** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER HIT]]
 ** <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT<br>
 ** SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS</dt>
 ** <dd>^SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT is the number of times that a join
@@ -8746,15 +8862,15 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
 ** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
 **
 ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
-** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an 
+** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
 ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
-** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by 
+** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
 ** SQLite is used for the page cache.
-** By implementing a 
+** By implementing a
 ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
-** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which 
-** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to 
-** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for 
+** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
+** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
+** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
 ** how long.
 **
 ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
@@ -8767,19 +8883,19 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
 **
 ** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
-** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective 
+** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
 ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
 ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
 ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
-** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures 
-** required by the custom page cache implementation. 
-** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the 
+** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
+** required by the custom page cache implementation.
+** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
 ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
 ** page cache.)^
 **
 ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
 ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
-** It can be used to clean up 
+** It can be used to clean up
 ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
 ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
 **
@@ -8798,7 +8914,7 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
 ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
 ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
 ** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
-** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage 
+** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
 ** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
 ** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
 ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
@@ -8811,7 +8927,7 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
 ** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
 ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
 ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
-** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.  
+** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true. 
 ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
 ** never contain any unpinned pages.
 **
@@ -8826,12 +8942,12 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
 ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
 ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
 ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
-** 
+**
 ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
-** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to 
+** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
 ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
 ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
-** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a 
+** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
 ** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
 ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
 ** for each entry in the page cache.
@@ -8870,8 +8986,8 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
 ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
 ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
 **
-** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single 
-** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls 
+** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
+** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
 ** to xFetch().
 **
 ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
@@ -8911,7 +9027,7 @@ struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
   sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
-  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, 
+  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
       unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
@@ -8956,7 +9072,7 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 **
 ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
 ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
-** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files. 
+** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
 **
 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
 **
@@ -8967,36 +9083,36 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
 ** preventing other database connections from
 ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
-** 
-** ^(To perform a backup operation: 
+**
+** ^(To perform a backup operation:
 **   <ol>
 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
-**         backup, 
-**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer 
+**         backup,
+**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
 **         the data between the two databases, and finally
-**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources 
-**         associated with the backup operation. 
+**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
+**         associated with the backup operation.
 **   </ol>)^
 ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
 ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
 **
 ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
 **
-** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the 
-** [database connection] associated with the destination database 
+** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
+** [database connection] associated with the destination database
 ** and the database name, respectively.
 ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
 ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
 ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
-** ^The S and M arguments passed to 
+** ^The S and M arguments passed to
 ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
 ** and database name of the source database, respectively.
 ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
 ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
 ** an error.
 **
-** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if 
-** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the 
+** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
+** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
 ** destination database.
 **
 ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
@@ -9008,14 +9124,14 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
 ** [sqlite3_backup] object.
 ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
-** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup 
+** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
 ** operation.
 **
 ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
 **
-** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between 
+** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
 ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
-** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied. 
+** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
 ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
@@ -9037,8 +9153,8 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 **
 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
 ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
-** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the 
-** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then 
+** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
+** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
 ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
 ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
 ** [database connection]
@@ -9046,15 +9162,15 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
 ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
-** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then 
-** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These 
-** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept 
-** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle 
+** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
+** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
+** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
+** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
 ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
 **
 ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
-** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either 
-** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete 
+** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
+** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
 ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
 ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
 ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
@@ -9063,18 +9179,18 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 ** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
 ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
 ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
-** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source 
+** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
 ** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
 ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
 ** updated at the same time.
 **
 ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
 **
-** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the 
+** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
 ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
 ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
-** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object. 
+** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
 ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
@@ -9114,8 +9230,8 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
 ** from within other threads.
 **
-** However, the application must guarantee that the destination 
-** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after 
+** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
+** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
 ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
 ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
@@ -9126,11 +9242,11 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
 ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
 ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
 ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
-** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being 
+** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
 ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
 ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
 **
-** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple 
+** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
 ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
 ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
 ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
@@ -9155,8 +9271,8 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
 ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
 ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
-** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking. 
-** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke 
+** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
+** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
 ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
 ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
@@ -9164,14 +9280,14 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
 **
 ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
-** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back. 
+** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
 **
 ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
 ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
 ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
-** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an 
+** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
 ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
-** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as 
+** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
 ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
 ** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
 ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
@@ -9185,15 +9301,15 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 **
 ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
 ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
-** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of 
+** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
 ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
 **
-** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a 
+** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
 ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
 ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
 ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
 ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
-** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections 
+** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
 ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
 ** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
 **
@@ -9206,7 +9322,7 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 **
 ** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
 **
-** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a 
+** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
 ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
 ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
 ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
@@ -9219,12 +9335,12 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
 ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
 ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
-** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions 
+** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
 ** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
 **
 ** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
 **
-** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a 
+** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
 ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
 ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
 ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
@@ -9247,7 +9363,7 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 **
 ** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
 **
-** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost 
+** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
 ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
 ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
 ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
@@ -9260,7 +9376,7 @@ int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
 ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
 ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
 ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
-** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just 
+** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
 ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
 */
 int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
@@ -9351,8 +9467,8 @@ void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
 ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
 **
-** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and 
-** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation 
+** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
+** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
 ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
 **
 ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
@@ -9371,7 +9487,7 @@ void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
 ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
 ** are undefined.
 **
-** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback 
+** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
 ** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
 ** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^The return value is
 ** a copy of the third parameter from the previous call, if any, or 0.
@@ -9380,7 +9496,7 @@ void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
 ** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
 */
 void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
-  sqlite3*, 
+  sqlite3*,
   int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
   void*
 );
@@ -9393,7 +9509,7 @@ void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
 ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
 ** to automatically [checkpoint]
 ** after committing a transaction if there are N or
-** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or 
+** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
 ** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
 ** checkpoints entirely.
 **
@@ -9423,7 +9539,7 @@ int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
 **
-** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the 
+** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
 ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
 ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
 ** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
@@ -9449,10 +9565,10 @@ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
 **
 ** <dl>
 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
-**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database 
-**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames 
+**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
+**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
 **   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
-**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.  
+**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode. 
 **   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
 **   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
 **
@@ -9466,9 +9582,9 @@ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
 **
 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
-**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the 
+**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
 **   [busy-handler callback])
-**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures 
+**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
 **   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
 **   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
 **   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
@@ -9490,31 +9606,31 @@ int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
 ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
 **
 ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
-** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the 
-** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a 
+** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
+** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
 ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
 **
-** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the 
+** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
 ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
 ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
 ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
 ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
 ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
 ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
-** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as 
-** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible 
+** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
+** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
 ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
 **
 ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
-** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to 
+** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
 ** [database connection] db.  In this case the
-** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If 
-** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the 
-** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining 
-** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other 
-** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned 
-** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error 
-** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached 
+** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
+** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
+** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
+** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
+** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
+** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
+** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
 ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
 **
 ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
@@ -9574,7 +9690,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
 
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
-** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options} 
+** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
 **
 ** These macros define the various options to the
@@ -9597,27 +9713,27 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
 ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
 ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
 ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
-** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite 
+** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
 ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
-** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate. 
+** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
 ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
 ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
 ** had been ABORT.
 **
 ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
-** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the 
-** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON 
-** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should 
+** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
+** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
+** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
 ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
 ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
-** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT 
+** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
 ** constraint handling.
 ** </dd>
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
 ** <dd>Calls of the form
 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
-** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
+** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation
 ** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
 ** views.
 ** </dd>
@@ -9797,7 +9913,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_distinct(sqlite3_index_info*);
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Identify and handle IN constraints in xBestIndex
 **
-** This interface may only be used from within an 
+** This interface may only be used from within an
 ** [xBestIndex|xBestIndex() method] of a [virtual table] implementation.
 ** The result of invoking this interface from any other context is
 ** undefined and probably harmful.
@@ -9807,7 +9923,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_distinct(sqlite3_index_info*);
 ** communicated to the xBestIndex method as a
 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ] constraint.)^  If xBestIndex wants to use
 ** this constraint, it must set the corresponding
-** aConstraintUsage[].argvIndex to a postive integer.  ^(Then, under
+** aConstraintUsage[].argvIndex to a positive integer.  ^(Then, under
 ** the usual mode of handling IN operators, SQLite generates [bytecode]
 ** that invokes the [xFilter|xFilter() method] once for each value
 ** on the right-hand side of the IN operator.)^  Thus the virtual table
@@ -9856,7 +9972,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_distinct(sqlite3_index_info*);
 ** <li><p> The last call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) for which F was
 ** non-negative had F>=1.
 ** </ol>)^
-** 
+**
 ** ^If either or both of the conditions above are false, then SQLite uses
 ** the traditional one-at-a-time processing strategy for the IN constraint.
 ** ^If both conditions are true, then the argvIndex-th parameter to the
@@ -9931,7 +10047,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_in_next(sqlite3_value *pVal, sqlite3_value **ppOut);
 ** that constraint if the right-hand operand is known.  ^If the
 ** right-hand operand is not known, then *V is set to a NULL pointer.
 ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) interface returns SQLITE_OK if
-** and only if *V is set to a value.  ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) 
+** and only if *V is set to a value.  ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V)
 ** inteface returns SQLITE_NOTFOUND if the right-hand side of the J-th
 ** constraint is not available.  ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() interface
 ** can return an result code other than SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_NOTFOUND if
@@ -10021,14 +10137,14 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(sqlite3_index_info*, int, sqlite3_value **ppVal);
 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID</dt>
 ** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
 ** id for the X-th query plan element. The id value is unique within the
-** statement. The select-id is the same value as is output in the first 
+** statement. The select-id is the same value as is output in the first
 ** column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID</dt>
 ** <dd>The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
 ** the id of the parent of the current query element, if applicable, or
 ** to zero if the query element has no parent. This is the same value as
-** returned in the second column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query. 
+** returned in the second column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
 **
 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE</dt>
 ** <dd>The sqlite3_int64 output value is set to the number of cycles,
@@ -10062,23 +10178,23 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(sqlite3_index_info*, int, sqlite3_value **ppVal);
 **
 ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
 ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
-** of this interface is undefined. ^The requested measurement is written into 
+** of this interface is undefined. ^The requested measurement is written into
 ** a variable pointed to by the "pOut" parameter.
 **
 ** The "flags" parameter must be passed a mask of flags. At present only
 ** one flag is defined - SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX. If SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX
-** is specified, then status information is available for all elements 
+** is specified, then status information is available for all elements
 ** of a query plan that are reported by "EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN" output. If
 ** SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX is not specified, then only query plan elements
 ** that correspond to query loops (the "SCAN..." and "SEARCH..." elements of
 ** the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output) are available. Invoking API
-** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() is equivalent to calling 
+** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() is equivalent to calling
 ** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2() with a zeroed flags parameter.
-** 
+**
 ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific query element to retrieve statistics
 ** for. Query elements are numbered starting from zero. A value of -1 may be
 ** to query for statistics regarding the entire query. ^If idx is out of range
-** - less than -1 or greater than or equal to the total number of query 
+** - less than -1 or greater than or equal to the total number of query
 ** elements used to implement the statement - a non-zero value is returned and
 ** the variable that pOut points to is unchanged.
 **
@@ -10089,14 +10205,14 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
-);     
+);    
 int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(
   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
   int flags,                /* Mask of flags defined below */
   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
-);     
+);    
 
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
@@ -10121,15 +10237,15 @@ void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
 **
 ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
 ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
-** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out 
+** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
 ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
 ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
 ** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
 ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
 ** any [attached] databases.
 **
-** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages 
-** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained 
+** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
+** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
 ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
 ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
 ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
@@ -10177,16 +10293,16 @@ int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
 ** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
 ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
 ** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
-** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or 
+** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
 ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
 ** databases.)^
 ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
 ** table that is being modified.
 **
 ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
-** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the 
+** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
 ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
-** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth 
+** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
 ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
 ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
 ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
@@ -10229,14 +10345,14 @@ int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
 **
 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
 ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
-** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level 
+** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
 ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
 ** triggers; and so forth.
 **
 ** When the [sqlite3_blob_write()] API is used to update a blob column,
 ** the pre-update hook is invoked with SQLITE_DELETE. This is because the
 ** in this case the new values are not available. In this case, when a
-** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actuall a write using the
+** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actually a write using the
 ** sqlite3_blob_write() API, the [sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite()] returns
 ** the index of the column being written. In other cases, where the
 ** pre-update hook is being invoked for some other reason, including a
@@ -10274,7 +10390,7 @@ int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *);
 ** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
 ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
-** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.  
+** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth. 
 */
 int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
 
@@ -10312,12 +10428,12 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
 ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
 ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
-** this function is called, one is opened automatically. 
+** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
 **
 ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
 ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
 ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
-** in this case. 
+** in this case.
 **
 ** <ul>
 **   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
@@ -10329,13 +10445,13 @@ typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
 **
 **   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
 **        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
-**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal 
+**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
 **        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
 **        must be written to it first.
 ** </ul>
 **
 ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
-** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason, 
+** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
 ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
 **
 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
@@ -10355,38 +10471,38 @@ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
 ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
 **
-** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read 
-** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of 
-** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to 
-** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the 
-** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK 
+** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
+** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
+** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
+** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
+** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
 ** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
 **
-** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in 
+** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
 ** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
 ** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
 ** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
-** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()). 
+** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
 ** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
 ** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
 **
 ** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
-** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case 
+** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
 ** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
 **
-** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is 
+** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
 ** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
 ** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
 ** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
 ** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
-** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the 
+** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
 ** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
 **
 ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
 ** database connection D does not know that the database file for
 ** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
 ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
-** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode] 
+** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
 ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
 ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
 ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
@@ -10418,17 +10534,17 @@ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
 **
 ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
-** of two valid snapshot handles. 
+** of two valid snapshot handles.
 **
-** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database 
-** file, the result of the comparison is undefined. 
+** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
+** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
 **
 ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
 ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
 ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
 ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
-** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the 
-** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function 
+** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
+** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
 ** is undefined.
 **
 ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
@@ -10493,10 +10609,17 @@ SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
 ** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
 ** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
 ** values of D and S.
-** The size of the database is written into *P even if the 
+** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
 ** of the database exists.
 **
+** After the call, if the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit had been set,
+** the returned buffer content will remain accessible and unchanged
+** until either the next write operation on the connection or when
+** the connection is closed, and applications must not modify the
+** buffer. If the bit had been clear, the returned buffer will not
+** be accessed by SQLite after the call.
+**
 ** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
 ** allocation error occurs.
@@ -10530,7 +10653,7 @@ unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
 /*
 ** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
 **
-** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the 
+** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
 ** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
 ** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
 ** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
@@ -10545,6 +10668,9 @@ unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
 ** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
 ** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
 **
+** Applications must not modify the buffer P or invalidate it before
+** the database connection D is closed.
+**
 ** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
 ** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
 ** operation.
@@ -10553,7 +10679,14 @@ unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
 ** S argument to sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) is "temp" then the
 ** function returns SQLITE_ERROR.
 **
-** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the 
+** The deserialized database should not be in [WAL mode].  If the database
+** is in WAL mode, then any attempt to use the database file will result
+** in an [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] error.  The application can set the
+** [file format version numbers] (bytes 18 and 19) of the input database P
+** to 0x01 prior to invoking sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) to force the
+** database file into rollback mode and work around this limitation.
+**
+** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
 ** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
 ** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/src/sqlite3ext.h b/sqlite/src/sqlite3ext.h
index 19e03002..ae0949ba 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/sqlite3ext.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/sqlite3ext.h
@@ -361,6 +361,11 @@ struct sqlite3_api_routines {
   int (*value_encoding)(sqlite3_value*);
   /* Version 3.41.0 and later */
   int (*is_interrupted)(sqlite3*);
+  /* Version 3.43.0 and later */
+  int (*stmt_explain)(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+  /* Version 3.44.0 and later */
+  void *(*get_clientdata)(sqlite3*,const char*);
+  int (*set_clientdata)(sqlite3*, const char*, void*, void(*)(void*));
 };
 
 /*
@@ -689,6 +694,11 @@ typedef int (*sqlite3_loadext_entry)(
 #define sqlite3_value_encoding         sqlite3_api->value_encoding
 /* Version 3.41.0 and later */
 #define sqlite3_is_interrupted         sqlite3_api->is_interrupted
+/* Version 3.43.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_stmt_explain           sqlite3_api->stmt_explain
+/* Version 3.44.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_get_clientdata         sqlite3_api->get_clientdata
+#define sqlite3_set_clientdata         sqlite3_api->set_clientdata
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) */
 
 #if !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION)
diff --git a/sqlite/src/sqliteInt.h b/sqlite/src/sqliteInt.h
index 2c893770..dbf01dd1 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/sqliteInt.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/sqliteInt.h
@@ -25,20 +25,20 @@
 **                                  used on lines of code that actually
 **                                  implement parts of coverage testing.
 **
-**    OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE        - This branch is allowed to alway be false
+**    OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE        - This branch is allowed to always be false
 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
 **
-**    OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE       - This branch is allowed to alway be true
+**    OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE       - This branch is allowed to always be true
 **                                  and the correct answer is still obtained,
 **                                  though perhaps more slowly.
 **
 **    PREVENTS-HARMLESS-OVERREAD  - This branch prevents a buffer overread
 **                                  that would be harmless and undetectable
-**                                  if it did occur.  
+**                                  if it did occur.
 **
 ** In all cases, the special comment must be enclosed in the usual
-** slash-asterisk...asterisk-slash comment marks, with no spaces between the 
+** slash-asterisk...asterisk-slash comment marks, with no spaces between the
 ** asterisks and the comment text.
 */
 
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /* Optionally #include a user-defined header, whereby compilation options
-** may be set prior to where they take effect, but after platform setup. 
+** may be set prior to where they take effect, but after platform setup.
 ** If SQLITE_CUSTOM_INCLUDE=? is defined, its value names the #include
 ** file.
 */
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
 #ifndef __has_extension
 # define __has_extension(x) 0     /* compatibility with non-clang compilers */
 #endif
-#if GCC_VERSION>=4007000 || __has_extension(c_atomic) 
+#if GCC_VERSION>=4007000 || __has_extension(c_atomic)
 # define SQLITE_ATOMIC_INTRINSICS 1
 # define AtomicLoad(PTR)       __atomic_load_n((PTR),__ATOMIC_RELAXED)
 # define AtomicStore(PTR,VAL)  __atomic_store_n((PTR),(VAL),__ATOMIC_RELAXED)
@@ -318,6 +318,16 @@
 #  endif
 #endif
 
+/*
+** Enable SQLITE_USE_SEH by default on MSVC builds.  Only omit
+** SEH support if the -DSQLITE_OMIT_SEH option is given.
+*/
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SEH)
+# define SQLITE_USE_SEH 1
+#else
+# undef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+#endif
+
 /*
 ** The SQLITE_THREADSAFE macro must be defined as 0, 1, or 2.
 ** 0 means mutexes are permanently disable and the library is never
@@ -722,7 +732,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /*
-** The compile-time options SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE and 
+** The compile-time options SQLITE_MMAP_READWRITE and
 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE are not compatible with one another.
 ** You must choose one or the other (or neither) but not both.
 */
@@ -889,8 +899,31 @@ typedef INT16_TYPE LogEst;
 ** the end of buffer S.  This macro returns true if P points to something
 ** contained within the buffer S.
 */
-#define SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E) (((uptr)(P)>=(uptr)(S))&&((uptr)(P)<(uptr)(E)))
+#define SQLITE_WITHIN(P,S,E)   (((uptr)(P)>=(uptr)(S))&&((uptr)(P)<(uptr)(E)))
 
+/*
+** P is one byte past the end of a large buffer. Return true if a span of bytes
+** between S..E crosses the end of that buffer.  In other words, return true
+** if the sub-buffer S..E-1 overflows the buffer whose last byte is P-1.
+**
+** S is the start of the span.  E is one byte past the end of end of span.
+**
+**                        P
+**     |-----------------|                FALSE
+**               |-------|
+**               S        E
+**
+**                        P
+**     |-----------------|
+**                    |-------|           TRUE
+**                    S        E
+**
+**                        P
+**     |-----------------|               
+**                        |-------|       FALSE
+**                        S        E
+*/
+#define SQLITE_OVERFLOW(P,S,E) (((uptr)(S)<(uptr)(P))&&((uptr)(E)>(uptr)(P)))
 
 /*
 ** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
@@ -900,16 +933,33 @@ typedef INT16_TYPE LogEst;
 ** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
 ** -DSQLITE_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
 ** at run-time.
+**
+** If you are building SQLite on some obscure platform for which the
+** following ifdef magic does not work, you can always include either:
+**
+**    -DSQLITE_BYTEORDER=1234
+**
+** or
+**
+**    -DSQLITE_BYTEORDER=4321
+**
+** to cause the build to work for little-endian or big-endian processors,
+** respectively.
 */
-#ifndef SQLITE_BYTEORDER
-# if defined(i386)      || defined(__i386__)      || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
+#ifndef SQLITE_BYTEORDER  /* Replicate changes at tag-20230904a */
+# if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && __BYTE_ORDER__==__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 4321
+# elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && __BYTE_ORDER__==__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 1234
+# elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__) && __BIG_ENDIAN__==1
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 4321
+# elif defined(i386)    || defined(__i386__)      || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
      defined(__x86_64)  || defined(__x86_64__)    || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
      defined(_M_AMD64)  || defined(_M_ARM)        || defined(__x86)   ||    \
      defined(__ARMEL__) || defined(__AARCH64EL__) || defined(_M_ARM64)
-#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    1234
-# elif defined(sparc)     || defined(__ppc__) || \
-       defined(__ARMEB__) || defined(__AARCH64EB__)
-#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER    4321
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 1234
+# elif defined(sparc)   || defined(__ARMEB__)     || defined(__AARCH64EB__)
+#   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 4321
 # else
 #   define SQLITE_BYTEORDER 0
 # endif
@@ -1124,7 +1174,7 @@ struct BusyHandler {
 /*
 ** Name of table that holds the database schema.
 **
-** The PREFERRED names are used whereever possible.  But LEGACY is also
+** The PREFERRED names are used wherever possible.  But LEGACY is also
 ** used for backwards compatibility.
 **
 **  1.  Queries can use either the PREFERRED or the LEGACY names
@@ -1233,11 +1283,13 @@ typedef struct Column Column;
 typedef struct Cte Cte;
 typedef struct CteUse CteUse;
 typedef struct Db Db;
+typedef struct DbClientData DbClientData;
 typedef struct DbFixer DbFixer;
 typedef struct Schema Schema;
 typedef struct Expr Expr;
 typedef struct ExprList ExprList;
 typedef struct FKey FKey;
+typedef struct FpDecode FpDecode;
 typedef struct FuncDestructor FuncDestructor;
 typedef struct FuncDef FuncDef;
 typedef struct FuncDefHash FuncDefHash;
@@ -1256,6 +1308,7 @@ typedef struct Parse Parse;
 typedef struct ParseCleanup ParseCleanup;
 typedef struct PreUpdate PreUpdate;
 typedef struct PrintfArguments PrintfArguments;
+typedef struct RCStr RCStr;
 typedef struct RenameToken RenameToken;
 typedef struct Returning Returning;
 typedef struct RowSet RowSet;
@@ -1342,7 +1395,7 @@ typedef int VList;
 /*
 ** Default synchronous levels.
 **
-** Note that (for historcal reasons) the PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_* macros differ
+** Note that (for historical reasons) the PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_* macros differ
 ** from the SQLITE_DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS value by 1.
 **
 **           PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS       DEFAULT_SYNCHRONOUS
@@ -1381,7 +1434,7 @@ struct Db {
 ** An instance of the following structure stores a database schema.
 **
 ** Most Schema objects are associated with a Btree.  The exception is
-** the Schema for the TEMP databaes (sqlite3.aDb[1]) which is free-standing.
+** the Schema for the TEMP database (sqlite3.aDb[1]) which is free-standing.
 ** In shared cache mode, a single Schema object can be shared by multiple
 ** Btrees that refer to the same underlying BtShared object.
 **
@@ -1492,7 +1545,7 @@ struct Lookaside {
   LookasideSlot *pInit;   /* List of buffers not previously used */
   LookasideSlot *pFree;   /* List of available buffers */
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE
-  LookasideSlot *pSmallInit; /* List of small buffers not prediously used */
+  LookasideSlot *pSmallInit; /* List of small buffers not previously used */
   LookasideSlot *pSmallFree; /* List of available small buffers */
   void *pMiddle;          /* First byte past end of full-size buffers and
                           ** the first byte of LOOKASIDE_SMALL buffers */
@@ -1509,7 +1562,7 @@ struct LookasideSlot {
 #define EnableLookaside   db->lookaside.bDisable--;\
    db->lookaside.sz=db->lookaside.bDisable?0:db->lookaside.szTrue
 
-/* Size of the smaller allocations in two-size lookside */
+/* Size of the smaller allocations in two-size lookaside */
 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE
 #  define LOOKASIDE_SMALL           0
 #else
@@ -1709,6 +1762,7 @@ struct sqlite3 {
   i64 nDeferredCons;            /* Net deferred constraints this transaction. */
   i64 nDeferredImmCons;         /* Net deferred immediate constraints */
   int *pnBytesFreed;            /* If not NULL, increment this in DbFree() */
+  DbClientData *pDbData;        /* sqlite3_set_clientdata() content */
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
   /* The following variables are all protected by the STATIC_MAIN
   ** mutex, not by sqlite3.mutex. They are used by code in notify.c.
@@ -1791,6 +1845,7 @@ struct sqlite3 {
                                           /*   the count using a callback. */
 #define SQLITE_CorruptRdOnly  HI(0x00002) /* Prohibit writes due to error */
 #define SQLITE_ReadUncommit   HI(0x00004) /* READ UNCOMMITTED in shared-cache */
+#define SQLITE_FkNoAction     HI(0x00008) /* Treat all FK as NO ACTION */
 
 /* Flags used only if debugging */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
@@ -1848,6 +1903,7 @@ struct sqlite3 {
 #define SQLITE_IndexedExpr    0x01000000 /* Pull exprs from index when able */
 #define SQLITE_Coroutines     0x02000000 /* Co-routines for subqueries */
 #define SQLITE_NullUnusedCols 0x04000000 /* NULL unused columns in subqueries */
+#define SQLITE_OnePass        0x08000000 /* Single-pass DELETE and UPDATE */
 #define SQLITE_AllOpts        0xffffffff /* All optimizations */
 
 /*
@@ -1930,6 +1986,7 @@ struct FuncDestructor {
 **     SQLITE_FUNC_ANYORDER    ==  NC_OrderAgg       == SF_OrderByReqd
 **     SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH      ==  OPFLAG_LENGTHARG
 **     SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF      ==  OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG
+**     SQLITE_FUNC_BYTELEN     ==  OPFLAG_BYTELENARG
 **     SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT    ==  SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC from the API
 **     SQLITE_FUNC_DIRECT      ==  SQLITE_DIRECTONLY from the API
 **     SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE      ==  SQLITE_INNOCUOUS  -- opposite meanings!!!
@@ -1937,7 +1994,7 @@ struct FuncDestructor {
 **
 ** Note that even though SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE and SQLITE_INNOCUOUS have the
 ** same bit value, their meanings are inverted.  SQLITE_FUNC_UNSAFE is
-** used internally and if set means tha the function has side effects.
+** used internally and if set means that the function has side effects.
 ** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is used by application code and means "not unsafe".
 ** See multiple instances of tag-20230109-1.
 */
@@ -1948,6 +2005,7 @@ struct FuncDestructor {
 #define SQLITE_FUNC_NEEDCOLL 0x0020 /* sqlite3GetFuncCollSeq() might be called*/
 #define SQLITE_FUNC_LENGTH   0x0040 /* Built-in length() function */
 #define SQLITE_FUNC_TYPEOF   0x0080 /* Built-in typeof() function */
+#define SQLITE_FUNC_BYTELEN  0x00c0 /* Built-in octet_length() function */
 #define SQLITE_FUNC_COUNT    0x0100 /* Built-in count(*) aggregate */
 /*                           0x0200 -- available for reuse */
 #define SQLITE_FUNC_UNLIKELY 0x0400 /* Built-in unlikely() function */
@@ -1970,7 +2028,7 @@ struct FuncDestructor {
 #define INLINEFUNC_coalesce             0
 #define INLINEFUNC_implies_nonnull_row  1
 #define INLINEFUNC_expr_implies_expr    2
-#define INLINEFUNC_expr_compare         3      
+#define INLINEFUNC_expr_compare         3
 #define INLINEFUNC_affinity             4
 #define INLINEFUNC_iif                  5
 #define INLINEFUNC_sqlite_offset        6
@@ -2019,7 +2077,7 @@ struct FuncDestructor {
 **   PURE_DATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xFunc)
 **     Used for "pure" date/time functions, this macro is like DFUNCTION
 **     except that it does set the SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT flags.  iArg is
-**     ignored and the user-data for these functions is set to an 
+**     ignored and the user-data for these functions is set to an
 **     arbitrary non-NULL pointer.  The bNC parameter is not used.
 **
 **   AGGREGATE(zName, nArg, iArg, bNC, xStep, xFinal)
@@ -2527,7 +2585,7 @@ struct FKey {
 ** foreign key.
 **
 ** The OE_Default value is a place holder that means to use whatever
-** conflict resolution algorthm is required from context.
+** conflict resolution algorithm is required from context.
 **
 ** The following symbolic values are used to record which type
 ** of conflict resolution action to take.
@@ -2803,6 +2861,9 @@ struct AggInfo {
     FuncDef *pFunc;          /* The aggregate function implementation */
     int iDistinct;           /* Ephemeral table used to enforce DISTINCT */
     int iDistAddr;           /* Address of OP_OpenEphemeral */
+    int iOBTab;              /* Ephemeral table to implement ORDER BY */
+    u8 bOBPayload;           /* iOBTab has payload columns separate from key */
+    u8 bOBUnique;            /* Enforce uniqueness on iOBTab keys */
   } *aFunc;
   int nFunc;              /* Number of entries in aFunc[] */
   u32 selId;              /* Select to which this AggInfo belongs */
@@ -2814,7 +2875,7 @@ struct AggInfo {
 /*
 ** Macros to compute aCol[] and aFunc[] register numbers.
 **
-** These macros should not be used prior to the call to 
+** These macros should not be used prior to the call to
 ** assignAggregateRegisters() that computes the value of pAggInfo->iFirstReg.
 ** The assert()s that are part of this macro verify that constraint.
 */
@@ -2941,7 +3002,7 @@ struct Expr {
                          ** TK_REGISTER: register number
                          ** TK_TRIGGER: 1 -> new, 0 -> old
                          ** EP_Unlikely:  134217728 times likelihood
-                         ** TK_IN: ephemerial table holding RHS
+                         ** TK_IN: ephemeral table holding RHS
                          ** TK_SELECT_COLUMN: Number of columns on the LHS
                          ** TK_SELECT: 1st register of result vector */
   ynVar iColumn;         /* TK_COLUMN: column index.  -1 for rowid.
@@ -2987,7 +3048,7 @@ struct Expr {
 #define EP_Reduced    0x004000 /* Expr struct EXPR_REDUCEDSIZE bytes only */
 #define EP_Win        0x008000 /* Contains window functions */
 #define EP_TokenOnly  0x010000 /* Expr struct EXPR_TOKENONLYSIZE bytes only */
-                   /* 0x020000 // Available for reuse */
+#define EP_FullSize   0x020000 /* Expr structure must remain full sized */
 #define EP_IfNullRow  0x040000 /* The TK_IF_NULL_ROW opcode */
 #define EP_Unlikely   0x080000 /* unlikely() or likelihood() function */
 #define EP_ConstFunc  0x100000 /* A SQLITE_FUNC_CONSTANT or _SLOCHNG function */
@@ -3017,12 +3078,15 @@ struct Expr {
 #define ExprClearProperty(E,P)   (E)->flags&=~(P)
 #define ExprAlwaysTrue(E)   (((E)->flags&(EP_OuterON|EP_IsTrue))==EP_IsTrue)
 #define ExprAlwaysFalse(E)  (((E)->flags&(EP_OuterON|EP_IsFalse))==EP_IsFalse)
+#define ExprIsFullSize(E)   (((E)->flags&(EP_Reduced|EP_TokenOnly))==0)
 
 /* Macros used to ensure that the correct members of unions are accessed
 ** in Expr.
 */
 #define ExprUseUToken(E)    (((E)->flags&EP_IntValue)==0)
 #define ExprUseUValue(E)    (((E)->flags&EP_IntValue)!=0)
+#define ExprUseWOfst(E)     (((E)->flags&(EP_InnerON|EP_OuterON))==0)
+#define ExprUseWJoin(E)     (((E)->flags&(EP_InnerON|EP_OuterON))!=0)
 #define ExprUseXList(E)     (((E)->flags&EP_xIsSelect)==0)
 #define ExprUseXSelect(E)   (((E)->flags&EP_xIsSelect)!=0)
 #define ExprUseYTab(E)      (((E)->flags&(EP_WinFunc|EP_Subrtn))==0)
@@ -3132,6 +3196,7 @@ struct ExprList {
 #define ENAME_NAME  0       /* The AS clause of a result set */
 #define ENAME_SPAN  1       /* Complete text of the result set expression */
 #define ENAME_TAB   2       /* "DB.TABLE.NAME" for the result set */
+#define ENAME_ROWID 3       /* "DB.TABLE._rowid_" for * expansion of rowid */
 
 /*
 ** An instance of this structure can hold a simple list of identifiers,
@@ -3211,7 +3276,7 @@ struct SrcItem {
     unsigned notCte :1;        /* This item may not match a CTE */
     unsigned isUsing :1;       /* u3.pUsing is valid */
     unsigned isOn :1;          /* u3.pOn was once valid and non-NULL */
-    unsigned isSynthUsing :1;  /* u3.pUsing is synthensized from NATURAL */
+    unsigned isSynthUsing :1;  /* u3.pUsing is synthesized from NATURAL */
     unsigned isNestedFrom :1;  /* pSelect is a SF_NestedFrom subquery */
   } fg;
   int iCursor;      /* The VDBE cursor number used to access this table */
@@ -3376,7 +3441,7 @@ struct NameContext {
 ** conflict-target clause.)  The pUpsertTargetWhere is the optional
 ** WHERE clause used to identify partial unique indexes.
 **
-** pUpsertSet is the list of column=expr terms of the UPDATE statement. 
+** pUpsertSet is the list of column=expr terms of the UPDATE statement.
 ** The pUpsertSet field is NULL for a ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING.  The
 ** pUpsertWhere is the WHERE clause for the UPDATE and is NULL if the
 ** WHERE clause is omitted.
@@ -3740,6 +3805,7 @@ struct Parse {
   int *aLabel;         /* Space to hold the labels */
   ExprList *pConstExpr;/* Constant expressions */
   IndexedExpr *pIdxEpr;/* List of expressions used by active indexes */
+  IndexedExpr *pIdxPartExpr; /* Exprs constrained by index WHERE clauses */
   Token constraintName;/* Name of the constraint currently being parsed */
   yDbMask writeMask;   /* Start a write transaction on these databases */
   yDbMask cookieMask;  /* Bitmask of schema verified databases */
@@ -3747,6 +3813,9 @@ struct Parse {
   int regRoot;         /* Register holding root page number for new objects */
   int nMaxArg;         /* Max args passed to user function by sub-program */
   int nSelect;         /* Number of SELECT stmts. Counter for Select.selId */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
+  u32 nProgressSteps;  /* xProgress steps taken during sqlite3_prepare() */
+#endif
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
   int nTableLock;        /* Number of locks in aTableLock */
   TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
@@ -3760,12 +3829,9 @@ struct Parse {
     int addrCrTab;         /* Address of OP_CreateBtree on CREATE TABLE */
     Returning *pReturning; /* The RETURNING clause */
   } u1;
-  u32 nQueryLoop;      /* Est number of iterations of a query (10*log2(N)) */
   u32 oldmask;         /* Mask of old.* columns referenced */
   u32 newmask;         /* Mask of new.* columns referenced */
-#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
-  u32 nProgressSteps;  /* xProgress steps taken during sqlite3_prepare() */
-#endif
+  LogEst nQueryLoop;   /* Est number of iterations of a query (10*log2(N)) */
   u8 eTriggerOp;       /* TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT or TK_DELETE */
   u8 bReturning;       /* Coding a RETURNING trigger */
   u8 eOrconf;          /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for trigger steps */
@@ -3889,6 +3955,7 @@ struct AuthContext {
 #define OPFLAG_ISNOOP        0x40    /* OP_Delete does pre-update-hook only */
 #define OPFLAG_LENGTHARG     0x40    /* OP_Column only used for length() */
 #define OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG     0x80    /* OP_Column only used for typeof() */
+#define OPFLAG_BYTELENARG    0xc0    /* OP_Column only for octet_length() */
 #define OPFLAG_BULKCSR       0x01    /* OP_Open** used to open bulk cursor */
 #define OPFLAG_SEEKEQ        0x02    /* OP_Open** cursor uses EQ seek only */
 #define OPFLAG_FORDELETE     0x08    /* OP_Open should use BTREE_FORDELETE */
@@ -3897,7 +3964,7 @@ struct AuthContext {
 #define OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION  0x02    /* OP_Delete/Insert: save cursor pos */
 #define OPFLAG_AUXDELETE     0x04    /* OP_Delete: index in a DELETE op */
 #define OPFLAG_NOCHNG_MAGIC  0x6d    /* OP_MakeRecord: serialtype 10 is ok */
-#define OPFLAG_PREFORMAT     0x80    /* OP_Insert uses preformatted cell */ 
+#define OPFLAG_PREFORMAT     0x80    /* OP_Insert uses preformatted cell */
 
 /*
 ** Each trigger present in the database schema is stored as an instance of
@@ -4010,6 +4077,7 @@ struct Returning {
   int iRetCur;          /* Transient table holding RETURNING results */
   int nRetCol;          /* Number of in pReturnEL after expansion */
   int iRetReg;          /* Register array for holding a row of RETURNING */
+  char zName[40];       /* Name of trigger: "sqlite_returning_%p" */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -4031,6 +4099,25 @@ struct sqlite3_str {
 
 #define isMalloced(X)  (((X)->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED)!=0)
 
+/*
+** The following object is the header for an "RCStr" or "reference-counted
+** string".  An RCStr is passed around and used like any other char*
+** that has been dynamically allocated.  The important interface
+** differences:
+**
+**   1.  RCStr strings are reference counted.  They are deallocated
+**       when the reference count reaches zero.
+**
+**   2.  Use sqlite3RCStrUnref() to free an RCStr string rather than
+**       sqlite3_free()
+**
+**   3.  Make a (read-only) copy of a read-only RCStr string using
+**       sqlite3RCStrRef().
+*/
+struct RCStr {
+  u64 nRCRef;            /* Number of references */
+  /* Total structure size should be a multiple of 8 bytes for alignment */
+};
 
 /*
 ** A pointer to this structure is used to communicate information
@@ -4057,7 +4144,7 @@ typedef struct {
 /* Tuning parameters are set using SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE and are controlled
 ** on debug-builds of the CLI using ".testctrl tune ID VALUE".  Tuning
 ** parameters are for temporary use during development, to help find
-** optimial values for parameters in the query planner.  The should not
+** optimal values for parameters in the query planner.  The should not
 ** be used on trunk check-ins.  They are a temporary mechanism available
 ** for transient development builds only.
 **
@@ -4083,6 +4170,7 @@ struct Sqlite3Config {
   u8 bUseCis;                       /* Use covering indices for full-scans */
   u8 bSmallMalloc;                  /* Avoid large memory allocations if true */
   u8 bExtraSchemaChecks;            /* Verify type,name,tbl_name in schema */
+  u8 bUseLongDouble;                /* Make use of long double */
   int mxStrlen;                     /* Maximum string length */
   int neverCorrupt;                 /* Database is always well-formed */
   int szLookaside;                  /* Default lookaside buffer size */
@@ -4169,6 +4257,7 @@ struct Walker {
   void (*xSelectCallback2)(Walker*,Select*);/* Second callback for SELECTs */
   int walkerDepth;                          /* Number of subqueries */
   u16 eCode;                                /* A small processing code */
+  u16 mWFlags;                              /* Use-dependent flags */
   union {                                   /* Extra data for callback */
     NameContext *pNC;                         /* Naming context */
     int n;                                    /* A counter */
@@ -4208,6 +4297,7 @@ struct DbFixer {
 
 /* Forward declarations */
 int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker*, Expr*);
+int sqlite3WalkExprNN(Walker*, Expr*);
 int sqlite3WalkExprList(Walker*, ExprList*);
 int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker*, Select*);
 int sqlite3WalkSelectExpr(Walker*, Select*);
@@ -4288,6 +4378,16 @@ struct CteUse {
 };
 
 
+/* Client data associated with sqlite3_set_clientdata() and
+** sqlite3_get_clientdata().
+*/
+struct DbClientData {
+  DbClientData *pNext;        /* Next in a linked list */
+  void *pData;                /* The data */
+  void (*xDestructor)(void*); /* Destructor.  Might be NULL */
+  char zName[1];              /* Name of this client data. MUST BE LAST */
+};
+
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
 /*
 ** An instance of the TreeView object is used for printing the content of
@@ -4589,6 +4689,20 @@ struct PrintfArguments {
   sqlite3_value **apArg;   /* The argument values */
 };
 
+/*
+** An instance of this object receives the decoding of a floating point
+** value into an approximate decimal representation.
+*/
+struct FpDecode {
+  char sign;           /* '+' or '-' */
+  char isSpecial;      /* 1: Infinity  2: NaN */
+  int n;               /* Significant digits in the decode */
+  int iDP;             /* Location of the decimal point */
+  char *z;             /* Start of significant digits */
+  char zBuf[24];       /* Storage for significant digits */
+};
+
+void sqlite3FpDecode(FpDecode*,double,int,int);
 char *sqlite3MPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, ...);
 char *sqlite3VMPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, va_list);
 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE)
@@ -4678,6 +4792,8 @@ void sqlite3PExprAddSelect(Parse*, Expr*, Select*);
 Expr *sqlite3ExprAnd(Parse*,Expr*, Expr*);
 Expr *sqlite3ExprSimplifiedAndOr(Expr*);
 Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, const Token*, int);
+void sqlite3ExprAddFunctionOrderBy(Parse*,Expr*,ExprList*);
+void sqlite3ExprOrderByAggregateError(Parse*,Expr*);
 void sqlite3ExprFunctionUsable(Parse*,const Expr*,const FuncDef*);
 void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*, u32);
 void sqlite3ExprDelete(sqlite3*, Expr*);
@@ -4879,7 +4995,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprCompare(const Parse*,const Expr*,const Expr*, int);
 int sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(Expr*,Expr*,int);
 int sqlite3ExprListCompare(const ExprList*,const ExprList*, int);
 int sqlite3ExprImpliesExpr(const Parse*,const Expr*,const Expr*, int);
-int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr*,int);
+int sqlite3ExprImpliesNonNullRow(Expr*,int,int);
 void sqlite3AggInfoPersistWalkerInit(Walker*,Parse*);
 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggregates(NameContext*, Expr*);
 void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(NameContext*,ExprList*);
@@ -4914,6 +5030,7 @@ int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(const Expr*, int*);
 int sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(const Expr*);
 int sqlite3ExprNeedsNoAffinityChange(const Expr*, char);
 int sqlite3IsRowid(const char*);
+const char *sqlite3RowidAlias(Table *pTab);
 void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(
     Parse*,Table*,Trigger*,int,int,int,i16,u8,u8,u8,int);
 void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*, int);
@@ -5028,6 +5145,7 @@ int sqlite3FixSrcList(DbFixer*, SrcList*);
 int sqlite3FixSelect(DbFixer*, Select*);
 int sqlite3FixExpr(DbFixer*, Expr*);
 int sqlite3FixTriggerStep(DbFixer*, TriggerStep*);
+
 int sqlite3RealSameAsInt(double,sqlite3_int64);
 i64 sqlite3RealToI64(double);
 int sqlite3Int64ToText(i64,char*);
@@ -5132,6 +5250,7 @@ void sqlite3FileSuffix3(const char*, char*);
 u8 sqlite3GetBoolean(const char *z,u8);
 
 const void *sqlite3ValueText(sqlite3_value*, u8);
+int sqlite3ValueIsOfClass(const sqlite3_value*, void(*)(void*));
 int sqlite3ValueBytes(sqlite3_value*, u8);
 void sqlite3ValueSetStr(sqlite3_value*, int, const void *,u8,
                         void(*)(void*));
@@ -5183,7 +5302,8 @@ int sqlite3MatchEName(
   const struct ExprList_item*,
   const char*,
   const char*,
-  const char*
+  const char*,
+  int*
 );
 Bitmask sqlite3ExprColUsed(Expr*);
 u8 sqlite3StrIHash(const char*);
@@ -5227,10 +5347,10 @@ int sqlite3KeyInfoIsWriteable(KeyInfo*);
 #endif
 int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *,
   void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
-  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), 
+  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
   void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
   void (*)(sqlite3_context*),
-  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), 
+  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
   FuncDestructor *pDestructor
 );
 void sqlite3NoopDestructor(void*);
@@ -5239,6 +5359,11 @@ void sqlite3OomClear(sqlite3*);
 int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3 *db, int);
 int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *);
 
+char *sqlite3RCStrRef(char*);
+void sqlite3RCStrUnref(void*);
+char *sqlite3RCStrNew(u64);
+char *sqlite3RCStrResize(char*,u64);
+
 void sqlite3StrAccumInit(StrAccum*, sqlite3*, char*, int, int);
 int sqlite3StrAccumEnlarge(StrAccum*, i64);
 char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
@@ -5490,6 +5615,7 @@ void sqlite3ExprSetHeightAndFlags(Parse *pParse, Expr *p);
   #define sqlite3SelectExprHeight(x) 0
   #define sqlite3ExprCheckHeight(x,y)
 #endif
+void sqlite3ExprSetErrorOffset(Expr*,int);
 
 u32 sqlite3Get4byte(const u8*);
 void sqlite3Put4byte(u8*, u32);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/sqliteLimit.h b/sqlite/src/sqliteLimit.h
index 08703cb7..bfb596da 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/sqliteLimit.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/sqliteLimit.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
 **
 *************************************************************************
-** 
+**
 ** This file defines various limits of what SQLite can process.
 */
 
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@
 #endif
 
 /*
-** The maximum depth of an expression tree. This is limited to 
-** some extent by SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH. But sometime you might 
-** want to place more severe limits on the complexity of an 
+** The maximum depth of an expression tree. This is limited to
+** some extent by SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH. But sometime you might
+** want to place more severe limits on the complexity of an
 ** expression. A value of 0 means that there is no limit.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 ** level of recursion for each term.  A stack overflow can result
 ** if the number of terms is too large.  In practice, most SQL
 ** never has more than 3 or 4 terms.  Use a value of 0 to disable
-** any limit on the number of terms in a compount SELECT.
+** any limit on the number of terms in a compound SELECT.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_COMPOUND_SELECT
 # define SQLITE_MAX_COMPOUND_SELECT 500
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@
 **
 ** Earlier versions of SQLite allowed the user to change this value at
 ** compile time. This is no longer permitted, on the grounds that it creates
-** a library that is technically incompatible with an SQLite library 
-** compiled with a different limit. If a process operating on a database 
-** with a page-size of 65536 bytes crashes, then an instance of SQLite 
-** compiled with the default page-size limit will not be able to rollback 
+** a library that is technically incompatible with an SQLite library
+** compiled with a different limit. If a process operating on a database
+** with a page-size of 65536 bytes crashes, then an instance of SQLite
+** compiled with the default page-size limit will not be able to rollback
 ** the aborted transaction. This could lead to database corruption.
 */
 #ifdef SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
 ** Maximum depth of recursion for triggers.
 **
 ** A value of 1 means that a trigger program will not be able to itself
-** fire any triggers. A value of 0 means that no trigger programs at all 
+** fire any triggers. A value of 0 means that no trigger programs at all
 ** may be executed.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_MAX_TRIGGER_DEPTH
diff --git a/sqlite/src/tclsqlite.c b/sqlite/src/tclsqlite.c
index c455c29f..d91b2fa3 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/tclsqlite.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/tclsqlite.c
@@ -55,6 +55,25 @@
 # include <string.h>
 # include <assert.h>
   typedef unsigned char u8;
+# ifndef SQLITE_PTRSIZE
+#   if defined(__SIZEOF_POINTER__)
+#     define SQLITE_PTRSIZE __SIZEOF_POINTER__
+#   elif defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
+         defined(_M_ARM)   || defined(__arm__)    || defined(__x86)   ||    \
+        (defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__POWERPC__)) ||                     \
+        (defined(__TOS_AIX__) && !defined(__64BIT__))
+#     define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 4
+#   else
+#     define SQLITE_PTRSIZE 8
+#   endif
+# endif /* SQLITE_PTRSIZE */
+# if defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)
+    typedef uintptr_t uptr;
+# elif SQLITE_PTRSIZE==4
+    typedef unsigned int uptr;
+# else
+    typedef sqlite3_uint64 uptr;
+# endif
 #endif
 #include <ctype.h>
 
@@ -675,7 +694,7 @@ static int DbTraceV2Handler(
       pCmd = Tcl_NewStringObj(pDb->zTraceV2, -1);
       Tcl_IncrRefCount(pCmd);
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(pDb->interp, pCmd,
-                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)pStmt));
+                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)(uptr)pStmt));
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(pDb->interp, pCmd,
                                Tcl_NewStringObj(zSql, -1));
       Tcl_EvalObjEx(pDb->interp, pCmd, TCL_EVAL_DIRECT);
@@ -690,7 +709,7 @@ static int DbTraceV2Handler(
       pCmd = Tcl_NewStringObj(pDb->zTraceV2, -1);
       Tcl_IncrRefCount(pCmd);
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(pDb->interp, pCmd,
-                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)pStmt));
+                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)(uptr)pStmt));
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(pDb->interp, pCmd,
                                Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)ns));
       Tcl_EvalObjEx(pDb->interp, pCmd, TCL_EVAL_DIRECT);
@@ -704,7 +723,7 @@ static int DbTraceV2Handler(
       pCmd = Tcl_NewStringObj(pDb->zTraceV2, -1);
       Tcl_IncrRefCount(pCmd);
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(pDb->interp, pCmd,
-                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)pStmt));
+                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)(uptr)pStmt));
       Tcl_EvalObjEx(pDb->interp, pCmd, TCL_EVAL_DIRECT);
       Tcl_DecrRefCount(pCmd);
       Tcl_ResetResult(pDb->interp);
@@ -716,7 +735,7 @@ static int DbTraceV2Handler(
       pCmd = Tcl_NewStringObj(pDb->zTraceV2, -1);
       Tcl_IncrRefCount(pCmd);
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(pDb->interp, pCmd,
-                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)db));
+                               Tcl_NewWideIntObj((Tcl_WideInt)(uptr)db));
       Tcl_EvalObjEx(pDb->interp, pCmd, TCL_EVAL_DIRECT);
       Tcl_DecrRefCount(pCmd);
       Tcl_ResetResult(pDb->interp);
@@ -1780,7 +1799,7 @@ static Tcl_Obj *dbEvalColumnValue(DbEvalContext *p, int iCol){
 
 /*
 ** If using Tcl version 8.6 or greater, use the NR functions to avoid
-** recursive evalution of scripts by the [db eval] and [db trans]
+** recursive evaluation of scripts by the [db eval] and [db trans]
 ** commands. Even if the headers used while compiling the extension
 ** are 8.6 or newer, the code still tests the Tcl version at runtime.
 ** This allows stubs-enabled builds to be used with older Tcl libraries.
@@ -2441,7 +2460,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI DbObjCmd(
   **
   ** This command usage is equivalent to the sqlite2.x COPY statement,
   ** which imports file data into a table using the PostgreSQL COPY file format:
-  **   $db copy $conflit_algo $table_name $filename \t \\N
+  **   $db copy $conflict_algorithm $table_name $filename \t \\N
   */
   case DB_COPY: {
     char *zTable;               /* Insert data into this table */
@@ -3427,7 +3446,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI DbObjCmd(
   ** Start a new transaction (if we are not already in the midst of a
   ** transaction) and execute the TCL script SCRIPT.  After SCRIPT
   ** completes, either commit the transaction or roll it back if SCRIPT
-  ** throws an exception.  Or if no new transation was started, do nothing.
+  ** throws an exception.  Or if no new transaction was started, do nothing.
   ** pass the exception on up the stack.
   **
   ** This command was inspired by Dave Thomas's talk on Ruby at the
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test1.c b/sqlite/src/test1.c
index 772b896a..55be0596 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test1.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test1.c
@@ -991,6 +991,46 @@ static void intrealFunction(
   sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL, context);
 }
 
+/*
+** SQL function:  strtod(X)
+**
+** Use the C-library strtod() function to convert string X into a double.
+** Used for comparing the accuracy of SQLite's internal text-to-float conversion
+** routines against the C-library.
+*/
+static void shellStrtod(
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  int nVal,
+  sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+  char *z = (char*)sqlite3_value_text(apVal[0]);
+  UNUSED_PARAMETER(nVal);
+  if( z==0 ) return;
+  sqlite3_result_double(pCtx, strtod(z,0));
+}
+
+/*
+** SQL function:  dtostr(X)
+**
+** Use the C-library printf() function to convert real value X into a string.
+** Used for comparing the accuracy of SQLite's internal float-to-text conversion
+** routines against the C-library.
+*/
+static void shellDtostr(
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  int nVal,
+  sqlite3_value **apVal
+){
+  double r = sqlite3_value_double(apVal[0]);
+  int n = nVal>=2 ? sqlite3_value_int(apVal[1]) : 26;
+  char z[400];
+  if( n<1 ) n = 1;
+  if( n>350 ) n = 350;
+  sprintf(z, "%#+.*e", n, r);
+  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, z, -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Usage:  sqlite3_create_function DB
 **
@@ -1063,6 +1103,27 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_create_function(
           0, intrealFunction, 0, 0);
   }
 
+  /* Functions strtod() and dtostr() work as in the shell.  These routines
+  ** use the standard C library to convert between floating point and
+  ** text.  This is used to compare SQLite's internal conversion routines
+  ** against the standard library conversion routines.
+  **
+  ** Both routines copy/pasted from the shell.c.in implementation
+  ** on 2023-07-03.
+  */
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "strtod", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+                                 shellStrtod, 0, 0);
+  }
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "dtostr", 1, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+                                 shellDtostr, 0, 0);
+  }
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "dtostr", 2, SQLITE_UTF8, 0,
+                                 shellDtostr, 0, 0);
+  }
+
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
   /* Use the sqlite3_create_function16() API here. Mainly for fun, but also 
   ** because it is not tested anywhere else. */
@@ -2216,6 +2277,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_scanstatus(
   int flags = 0;
   int iSelectId = 0;
   int iParentId = 0;
+  int bDebug = 0;
 
   if( objc==5 ){
     struct Flag {
@@ -2223,6 +2285,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_scanstatus(
       int flag;
     } aTbl[] = {
       {"complex", SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX},
+      {"debug", -1},
       {0, 0}
     };
 
@@ -2239,7 +2302,11 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_scanstatus(
           interp, aFlag[ii], aTbl, sizeof(aTbl[0]), "flag", 0, &iVal
       );
       if( res ) return TCL_ERROR;
-      flags |= aTbl[iVal].flag;
+      if( aTbl[iVal].flag==-1 ){
+        bDebug = 1;
+      }else{
+        flags |= aTbl[iVal].flag;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -2253,6 +2320,13 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_scanstatus(
     return TCL_ERROR;
   }
 
+  if( bDebug && 0==(flags & SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX) ){
+    Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, 
+        Tcl_NewStringObj("may not specify debug without complex", -1)
+    );
+    return TCL_ERROR;
+  }
+
   if( idx<0 ){
     Tcl_Obj *pRet = Tcl_NewObj();
     res = sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(
@@ -2299,6 +2373,36 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_scanstatus(
           pStmt, idx, SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE, flags, (void*)&nCycle);
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewStringObj("nCycle", -1));
       Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewWideIntObj(nCycle));
+
+      if( bDebug ){
+        int ii;
+        ScanStatus *pScan = &((Vdbe*)pStmt)->aScan[idx];
+        Tcl_Obj *pRange = Tcl_NewObj();
+        Tcl_Obj *pCsr = Tcl_NewObj();
+
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewStringObj("debug_loop", -1));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewIntObj(pScan->addrLoop));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewStringObj("debug_visit", -1));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewIntObj(pScan->addrVisit));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewStringObj("debug_explain",-1));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewIntObj(pScan->addrExplain));
+        for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(pScan->aAddrRange)/2; ii++){
+          int iStart = pScan->aAddrRange[ii*2];
+          int iEnd = pScan->aAddrRange[ii*2+1];
+          if( iStart>0 ){
+            Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRange, Tcl_NewIntObj(iStart));
+            Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRange, Tcl_NewIntObj(iEnd));
+          }else if( iStart<0 ){
+            Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pCsr, Tcl_NewIntObj(iEnd));
+          }
+        }
+
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewStringObj("debug_range", -1));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, pRange);
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, Tcl_NewStringObj("debug_csr", -1));
+        Tcl_ListObjAppendElement(0, pRet, pCsr);
+      }
+
       Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, pRet);
     }else{
       Tcl_ResetResult(interp);
@@ -2736,7 +2840,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_atomic_batch_write(
 /*
 ** Usage:  sqlite3_next_stmt  DB  STMT
 **
-** Return the next statment in sequence after STMT.
+** Return the next statement in sequence after STMT.
 */
 static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_next_stmt(
   void * clientData,
@@ -2818,6 +2922,34 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_isexplain(
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 
+/*
+** Usage:  sqlite3_stmt_explain  STMT  INT
+**
+** Set the explain to normal (0), EXPLAIN (1) or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN (2).
+*/
+static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_explain(
+  void * clientData,
+  Tcl_Interp *interp,
+  int objc,
+  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
+){
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+  int eMode = 0;
+  int rc;
+
+  if( objc!=3 ){
+    Tcl_AppendResult(interp, "wrong # args: should be \"",
+        Tcl_GetStringFromObj(objv[0], 0), " STMT INT", 0);
+    return TCL_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  if( getStmtPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &pStmt) ) return TCL_ERROR;
+  if( Tcl_GetIntFromObj(interp, objv[2], &eMode) ) return TCL_ERROR;
+  rc = sqlite3_stmt_explain(pStmt, eMode);
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj(rc));
+  return TCL_OK;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Usage:  sqlite3_stmt_busy  STMT
 **
@@ -3459,10 +3591,10 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_function(
 /*
 ** Usage:         sqlite3_test_errstr <err code>
 **
-** Test that the english language string equivalents for sqlite error codes
+** Test that the English language string equivalents for sqlite error codes
 ** are sane. The parameter is an integer representing an sqlite error code.
 ** The result is a list of two elements, the string representation of the
-** error code and the english language explanation.
+** error code and the English language explanation.
 */
 static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_errstr(
   void * clientData,
@@ -3648,7 +3780,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_intarray_addr(
       }
     }
   }  
-  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((sqlite3_int64)p));
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((uptr)p));
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 /*
@@ -3684,7 +3816,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_int64array_addr(
       p[i] = v;
     }
   }  
-  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((sqlite3_int64)p));
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((uptr)p));
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 /*
@@ -3718,7 +3850,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_doublearray_addr(
       }
     }
   }  
-  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((sqlite3_int64)p));
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((uptr)p));
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 /*
@@ -3751,7 +3883,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_textarray_addr(
     }
   }
   n = objc-1;
-  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((sqlite3_int64)p));
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewWideIntObj((uptr)p));
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 
@@ -4090,9 +4222,11 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_bind_value_from_preupdate(
   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
   int idx;
   int bidx;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
   const char *z3 = 0;
   sqlite3 *db = 0;
   sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;
+#endif
 
   if( objc!=5 ){
     Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "STMT N NEW|OLD IDX");
@@ -4101,11 +4235,11 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_bind_value_from_preupdate(
 
   if( getStmtPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &pStmt) ) return TCL_ERROR;
   if( Tcl_GetIntFromObj(interp, objv[2], &idx) ) return TCL_ERROR;
-  z3 = Tcl_GetString(objv[3]);
   if( Tcl_GetIntFromObj(interp, objv[4], &bidx) ) return TCL_ERROR;
-  db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+  z3 = Tcl_GetString(objv[3]);
+  db = sqlite3_db_handle(pStmt);
   if( z3[0]=='n' ){
     sqlite3_preupdate_new(db, bidx, &pVal);
   }else if( z3[0]=='o' ){
@@ -6115,7 +6249,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI vfs_unlink_test(
   assert( sqlite3_vfs_find("__two")==&two );
 
   /* Calling sqlite_vfs_register with non-zero second parameter changes the
-  ** default VFS, even if the 1st parameter is an existig VFS that is
+  ** default VFS, even if the 1st parameter is an existing VFS that is
   ** previously registered as the non-default.
   */
   sqlite3_vfs_register(&one, 1);
@@ -6994,6 +7128,37 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI extra_schema_checks(
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 
+/*
+** tclcmd:  use_long_double BOOLEAN|"default"
+**
+** If no argument, report the current value of the use-long-double flag.
+**
+** If argument is "default", set the use-long-double flag to the default
+** value for this build, based on the size of LONGDOUBLE_TYPE.
+**
+** If argument is a boolean, set the use-long-double flag accordingly.
+**
+** Return the new setting.
+*/
+static int SQLITE_TCLAPI use_long_double(
+  ClientData clientData, /* Pointer to sqlite3_enable_XXX function */
+  Tcl_Interp *interp,    /* The TCL interpreter that invoked this command */
+  int objc,              /* Number of arguments */
+  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]  /* Command arguments */
+){
+  int i = -1;
+  if( objc==2 ){
+    if( strcmp(Tcl_GetString(objv[1]),"default")==0 ){
+      i = 2;
+    }else{
+      if( Tcl_GetBooleanFromObj(interp,objv[1],&i) ) return TCL_ERROR;
+    }
+  }
+  i = sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE, i);
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj(i));
+  return TCL_OK;
+}
+
 /*
 ** tclcmd:  database_may_be_corrupt
 **
@@ -7416,6 +7581,61 @@ static int testLocaltime(const void *aliasT, void *aliasTM){
   return t==959609760; /* Special case: 2000-05-29 14:16:00 fails */
 }
 
+/*
+** TCLCMD:  strftime FORMAT UNIXTIMESTAMP
+**
+** Access to the C-library strftime() routine, so that its results
+** can be compared against SQLite's internal strftime() SQL function
+** implementation.
+*/
+static int SQLITE_TCLAPI strftime_cmd(
+  void * clientData,
+  Tcl_Interp *interp,
+  int objc,
+  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
+){
+  Tcl_WideInt ts;
+  time_t t;
+  struct tm *pTm;
+  const char *zFmt;
+  size_t n;
+  char zBuf[1000];
+  if( objc!=3 ){
+    Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "FORMAT UNIXTIMESTAMP");
+    return TCL_ERROR;
+  }
+  if( Tcl_GetWideIntFromObj(interp,  objv[2], &ts) ) return TCL_ERROR;
+  zFmt = Tcl_GetString(objv[1]);
+  t = (time_t)ts;
+  pTm = gmtime(&t);
+  n = strftime(zBuf, sizeof(zBuf)-1, zFmt, pTm);
+  if( n>=0 && n<sizeof(zBuf) ){
+    zBuf[n] = 0;
+    Tcl_SetResult(interp, zBuf, TCL_VOLATILE);
+  }
+  return TCL_OK;
+}
+
+/*
+** .treetrace N
+*/
+static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_treetrace(
+  void * clientData,
+  Tcl_Interp *interp,
+  int objc,
+  Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
+){
+  unsigned int v = 0;
+  if( objc>=2 ){
+    if( Tcl_GetIntFromObj(interp, objv[1], (int*)&v)==TCL_OK ){
+      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 1, &v);
+    }
+  }
+  sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS, 0, &v);
+  Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, Tcl_NewIntObj((int)v));
+  return TCL_OK;
+}
+
 /*
 ** sqlite3_test_control VERB ARGS...
 */
@@ -7433,6 +7653,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_test_control(
     { "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP",        SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP     }, 
     { "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER",           SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER        },
     { "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS", SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS},
+    { "SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION",       SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION},
     { 0, 0 }
   };
   int iVerb;
@@ -7472,6 +7693,20 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_test_control(
       break;
     }
 
+    case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION: {
+      int val = 0;
+      sqlite3 *db = 0;
+      if( objc!=4 ){
+        Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 2, objv, "DB BOOLEAN");
+        return TCL_ERROR;
+      }
+      if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[2]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
+      if( Tcl_GetBooleanFromObj(interp, objv[3], &val) ) return TCL_ERROR;
+
+      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION, db, val);
+      break;
+    }
+
     case SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP: {
       int val;
       sqlite3 *db;
@@ -7826,6 +8061,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI optimization_control(
     { "push-down",           SQLITE_PushDown       },
     { "balanced-merge",      SQLITE_BalancedMerge  },
     { "propagate-const",     SQLITE_PropagateConst },
+    { "one-pass",            SQLITE_OnePass        },
   };
 
   if( objc!=4 ){
@@ -8836,6 +9072,7 @@ int Sqlitetest1_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
      { "sqlite3_next_stmt",             test_next_stmt     ,0 },
      { "sqlite3_stmt_readonly",         test_stmt_readonly ,0 },
      { "sqlite3_stmt_isexplain",        test_stmt_isexplain,0 },
+     { "sqlite3_stmt_explain",          test_stmt_explain  ,0 },
      { "sqlite3_stmt_busy",             test_stmt_busy     ,0 },
      { "uses_stmt_journal",             uses_stmt_journal ,0 },
 
@@ -8862,6 +9099,7 @@ int Sqlitetest1_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
      { "reset_prng_state",              reset_prng_state,   0 },
      { "prng_seed",                     prng_seed,          0 },
      { "extra_schema_checks",           extra_schema_checks,    0},
+     { "use_long_double",               use_long_double,        0},
      { "database_never_corrupt",        database_never_corrupt, 0},
      { "database_may_be_corrupt",       database_may_be_corrupt, 0},
      { "optimization_control",          optimization_control,0},
@@ -8966,7 +9204,9 @@ int Sqlitetest1_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
      { "print_explain_query_plan", test_print_eqp, 0  },
 #endif
+     { "strftime",             strftime_cmd      },
      { "sqlite3_test_control", test_test_control },
+     { ".treetrace",           test_treetrace    },
 #if SQLITE_OS_UNIX
      { "getrusage", test_getrusage },
 #endif
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test2.c b/sqlite/src/test2.c
index d5db3867..c75fa2eb 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test2.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test2.c
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ static int faultSimCallback(int x){
       zInt[i] = (x%10) + '0';
     }
     if( isNeg ) zInt[i--] = '-';
-    memcpy(faultSimScript+faultSimScriptSize, zInt+i+1, sizeof(zInt)-i);
+    memcpy(faultSimScript+faultSimScriptSize, zInt+i+1, sizeof(zInt)-i-1);
   }
   rc = Tcl_Eval(faultSimInterp, faultSimScript);
   if( rc ){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test3.c b/sqlite/src/test3.c
index d1626b6e..7fd76624 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test3.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test3.c
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI btree_payload_size(
 ** routines, both for accuracy and for speed.
 **
 ** An integer is written using putVarint() and read back with
-** getVarint() and varified to be unchanged.  This repeats COUNT
+** getVarint() and verified to be unchanged.  This repeats COUNT
 ** times.  The first integer is START*MULTIPLIER.  Each iteration
 ** increases the integer by INCREMENT.
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test6.c b/sqlite/src/test6.c
index aa94b9b5..5d8e6b9b 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test6.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test6.c
@@ -33,25 +33,25 @@ typedef struct WriteBuffer WriteBuffer;
 /*
 ** Method:
 **
-**   This layer is implemented as a wrapper around the "real" 
-**   sqlite3_file object for the host system. Each time data is 
+**   This layer is implemented as a wrapper around the "real"
+**   sqlite3_file object for the host system. Each time data is
 **   written to the file object, instead of being written to the
-**   underlying file, the write operation is stored in an in-memory 
+**   underlying file, the write operation is stored in an in-memory
 **   structure (type WriteBuffer). This structure is placed at the
 **   end of a global ordered list (the write-list).
 **
 **   When data is read from a file object, the requested region is
-**   first retrieved from the real file. The write-list is then 
-**   traversed and data copied from any overlapping WriteBuffer 
+**   first retrieved from the real file. The write-list is then
+**   traversed and data copied from any overlapping WriteBuffer
 **   structures to the output buffer. i.e. a read() operation following
 **   one or more write() operations works as expected, even if no
 **   data has actually been written out to the real file.
 **
-**   When a fsync() operation is performed, an operating system crash 
-**   may be simulated, in which case exit(-1) is called (the call to 
+**   When a fsync() operation is performed, an operating system crash
+**   may be simulated, in which case exit(-1) is called (the call to
 **   xSync() never returns). Whether or not a crash is simulated,
-**   the data associated with a subset of the WriteBuffer structures 
-**   stored in the write-list is written to the real underlying files 
+**   the data associated with a subset of the WriteBuffer structures
+**   stored in the write-list is written to the real underlying files
 **   and the entries removed from the write-list. If a crash is simulated,
 **   a subset of the buffers may be corrupted before the data is written.
 **
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ typedef struct WriteBuffer WriteBuffer;
 **   Normal mode is used when the simulated device has none of the
 **   SQLITE_IOCAP_XXX flags set.
 **
-**   In normal mode, if the fsync() is not a simulated crash, the 
+**   In normal mode, if the fsync() is not a simulated crash, the
 **   write-list is traversed from beginning to end. Each WriteBuffer
 **   structure associated with the file handle used to call xSync()
 **   is written to the real file and removed from the write-list.
 **
-**   If a crash is simulated, one of the following takes place for 
-**   each WriteBuffer in the write-list, regardless of which 
+**   If a crash is simulated, one of the following takes place for
+**   each WriteBuffer in the write-list, regardless of which
 **   file-handle it is associated with:
 **
 **     1. The buffer is correctly written to the file, just as if
@@ -77,14 +77,14 @@ typedef struct WriteBuffer WriteBuffer;
 **
 **     2. Nothing is done.
 **
-**     3. Garbage data is written to all sectors of the file that 
+**     3. Garbage data is written to all sectors of the file that
 **        overlap the region specified by the WriteBuffer. Or garbage
-**        data is written to some contiguous section within the 
+**        data is written to some contiguous section within the
 **        overlapped sectors.
 **
 ** Device Characteristic flag handling:
 **
-**   If the IOCAP_ATOMIC flag is set, then option (3) above is 
+**   If the IOCAP_ATOMIC flag is set, then option (3) above is
 **   never selected.
 **
 **   If the IOCAP_ATOMIC512 flag is set, and the WriteBuffer represents
@@ -96,11 +96,11 @@ typedef struct WriteBuffer WriteBuffer;
 **
 **   If either the IOCAP_SAFEAPPEND or IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL flags are set
 **   and a crash is being simulated, then an entry of the write-list is
-**   selected at random. Everything in the list after the selected entry 
+**   selected at random. Everything in the list after the selected entry
 **   is discarded before processing begins.
 **
-**   If IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL is set and a crash is being simulated, option 
-**   (1) is selected for all write-list entries except the last. If a 
+**   If IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL is set and a crash is being simulated, option
+**   (1) is selected for all write-list entries except the last. If a
 **   crash is not being simulated, then all entries in the write-list
 **   that occur before at least one write() on the file-handle specified
 **   as part of the xSync() are written to their associated real files.
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ typedef struct WriteBuffer WriteBuffer;
 ** Each write operation in the write-list is represented by an instance
 ** of the following structure.
 **
-** If zBuf is 0, then this structure represents a call to xTruncate(), 
+** If zBuf is 0, then this structure represents a call to xTruncate(),
 ** not xWrite(). In that case, iOffset is the size that the file is
 ** truncated to.
 */
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ struct CrashFile {
   char *zName;
   int flags;                           /* Flags the file was opened with */
 
-  /* Cache of the entire file. This is used to speed up OsRead() and 
+  /* Cache of the entire file. This is used to speed up OsRead() and
   ** OsFileSize() calls. Although both could be done by traversing the
   ** write-list, in practice this is impractically slow.
   */
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ struct CrashGlobal {
   int iDeviceCharacteristics;  /* Value of simulated device characteristics */
 
   int iCrash;                  /* Crash on the iCrash'th call to xSync() */
-  char zCrashFile[500];        /* Crash during an xSync() on this file */ 
+  char zCrashFile[500];        /* Crash during an xSync() on this file */
 };
 
 static CrashGlobal g = {0, 0, SQLITE_DEFAULT_SECTOR_SIZE, 0, 0};
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ static void *crash_realloc(void *p, int n){
 
 /*
 ** Wrapper around the sqlite3OsWrite() function that avoids writing to the
-** 512 byte block begining at offset PENDING_BYTE.
+** 512 byte block beginning at offset PENDING_BYTE.
 */
 static int writeDbFile(CrashFile *p, u8 *z, i64 iAmt, i64 iOff){
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ static int writeListSync(CrashFile *pFile, int isCrash){
   WriteBuffer *pWrite;
   WriteBuffer **ppPtr;
 
-  /* If this is not a crash simulation, set pFinal to point to the 
+  /* If this is not a crash simulation, set pFinal to point to the
   ** last element of the write-list that is associated with file handle
   ** pFile.
   **
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ static int writeListSync(CrashFile *pFile, int isCrash){
       char random;
       sqlite3_randomness(1, &random);
 
-      /* Do not select option 3 (sector trashing) if the IOCAP_ATOMIC flag 
+      /* Do not select option 3 (sector trashing) if the IOCAP_ATOMIC flag
       ** is set or this is an OsTruncate(), not an Oswrite().
       */
       if( (iDc&SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC) || (pWrite->zBuf==0) ){
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ static int writeListSync(CrashFile *pFile, int isCrash){
         *ppPtr = pWrite->pNext;
 #ifdef TRACE_CRASHTEST
         if( isCrash ){
-          printf("Writing %d bytes @ %d (%s)\n", 
+          printf("Writing %d bytes @ %d (%s)\n",
             pWrite->nBuf, (int)pWrite->iOffset, pWrite->pFile->zName
           );
         }
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ static int writeListSync(CrashFile *pFile, int isCrash){
         ppPtr = &pWrite->pNext;
 #ifdef TRACE_CRASHTEST
         if( isCrash ){
-          printf("Omiting %d bytes @ %d (%s)\n", 
+          printf("Omiting %d bytes @ %d (%s)\n",
             pWrite->nBuf, (int)pWrite->iOffset, pWrite->pFile->zName
           );
         }
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ static int writeListSync(CrashFile *pFile, int isCrash){
         assert(pWrite->zBuf);
 
 #ifdef TRACE_CRASHTEST
-        printf("Trashing %d sectors (%d bytes) @ %lld (sector %d) (%s)\n", 
+        printf("Trashing %d sectors (%d bytes) @ %lld (sector %d) (%s)\n",
             1+iLast-iFirst, (1+iLast-iFirst)*g.iSectorSize,
             pWrite->iOffset, iFirst, pWrite->pFile->zName
         );
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ static int writeListSync(CrashFile *pFile, int isCrash){
         if( zGarbage ){
           sqlite3_int64 i;
           for(i=iFirst; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<=iLast; i++){
-            sqlite3_randomness(g.iSectorSize, zGarbage); 
+            sqlite3_randomness(g.iSectorSize, zGarbage);
             rc = writeDbFile(
               pWrite->pFile, zGarbage, g.iSectorSize, i*g.iSectorSize
             );
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ static int writeListAppend(
     g.pWriteList = pNew;
   }
   g.pWriteListEnd = pNew;
-  
+ 
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
@@ -407,9 +407,9 @@ static int cfClose(sqlite3_file *pFile){
 ** Read data from a crash-file.
 */
 static int cfRead(
-  sqlite3_file *pFile, 
-  void *zBuf, 
-  int iAmt, 
+  sqlite3_file *pFile,
+  void *zBuf,
+  int iAmt,
   sqlite_int64 iOfst
 ){
   CrashFile *pCrash = (CrashFile *)pFile;
@@ -431,9 +431,9 @@ static int cfRead(
 ** Write data to a crash-file.
 */
 static int cfWrite(
-  sqlite3_file *pFile, 
-  const void *zBuf, 
-  int iAmt, 
+  sqlite3_file *pFile,
+  const void *zBuf,
+  int iAmt,
   sqlite_int64 iOfst
 ){
   CrashFile *pCrash = (CrashFile *)pFile;
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ struct crashAppData {
 **
 ** The caller will have allocated pVfs->szOsFile bytes of space
 ** at pFile. This file uses this space for the CrashFile structure
-** and allocates space for the "real" file structure using 
+** and allocates space for the "real" file structure using
 ** sqlite3_malloc(). The assumption here is (pVfs->szOsFile) is
 ** equal or greater than sizeof(CrashFile).
 */
@@ -667,17 +667,17 @@ static int cfDelete(sqlite3_vfs *pCfVfs, const char *zPath, int dirSync){
   return pVfs->xDelete(pVfs, zPath, dirSync);
 }
 static int cfAccess(
-  sqlite3_vfs *pCfVfs, 
-  const char *zPath, 
-  int flags, 
+  sqlite3_vfs *pCfVfs,
+  const char *zPath,
+  int flags,
   int *pResOut
 ){
   sqlite3_vfs *pVfs = (sqlite3_vfs *)pCfVfs->pAppData;
   return pVfs->xAccess(pVfs, zPath, flags, pResOut);
 }
 static int cfFullPathname(
-  sqlite3_vfs *pCfVfs, 
-  const char *zPath, 
+  sqlite3_vfs *pCfVfs,
+  const char *zPath,
   int nPathOut,
   char *zPathOut
 ){
@@ -754,11 +754,11 @@ static int processDevSymArgs(
     int nOpt;
     char *zOpt = Tcl_GetStringFromObj(objv[i], &nOpt);
 
-    if( (nOpt>11 || nOpt<2 || strncmp("-sectorsize", zOpt, nOpt)) 
+    if( (nOpt>11 || nOpt<2 || strncmp("-sectorsize", zOpt, nOpt))
      && (nOpt>16 || nOpt<2 || strncmp("-characteristics", zOpt, nOpt))
     ){
-      Tcl_AppendResult(interp, 
-        "Bad option: \"", zOpt, 
+      Tcl_AppendResult(interp,
+        "Bad option: \"", zOpt,
         "\" - must be \"-characteristics\" or \"-sectorsize\"", 0
       );
       return TCL_ERROR;
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ static int processDevSymArgs(
         Tcl_Obj *pFlag = Tcl_DuplicateObj(apObj[j]);
         Tcl_IncrRefCount(pFlag);
         Tcl_UtfToLower(Tcl_GetString(pFlag));
- 
+
         rc = Tcl_GetIndexFromObjStruct(
             interp, pFlag, aFlag, sizeof(aFlag[0]), "no such flag", 0, &iChoice
         );
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ static int processDevSymArgs(
 /*
 ** tclcmd:   sqlite3_crash_now
 **
-** Simulate a crash immediately. This function does not return 
+** Simulate a crash immediately. This function does not return
 ** (writeListSync() calls exit(-1)).
 */
 static int SQLITE_TCLAPI crashNowCmd(
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI crashEnableCmd(
     0,                  /* pNext */
     "crash",            /* zName */
     0,                  /* pAppData */
-  
+ 
     cfOpen,               /* xOpen */
     cfDelete,             /* xDelete */
     cfAccess,             /* xAccess */
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI crashEnableCmd(
 ** an argument. For -sectorsize, this is the simulated sector size in
 ** bytes. For -characteristics, the argument must be a list of io-capability
 ** flags to simulate. Valid flags are "atomic", "atomic512", "atomic1K",
-** "atomic2K", "atomic4K", "atomic8K", "atomic16K", "atomic32K", 
+** "atomic2K", "atomic4K", "atomic8K", "atomic16K", "atomic32K",
 ** "atomic64K", "sequential" and "safe_append".
 **
 ** Example:
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI jtObjCmd(
   zParent = Tcl_GetString(objv[1]);
   if( objc==3 ){
     if( strcmp(zParent, "-default") ){
-      Tcl_AppendResult(interp, 
+      Tcl_AppendResult(interp,
           "bad option \"", zParent, "\": must be -default", 0
       );
       return TCL_ERROR;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test8.c b/sqlite/src/test8.c
index 7a532346..4aeb555c 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test8.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test8.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ typedef struct echo_cursor echo_cursor;
 
 /*
 ** The test module defined in this file uses four global Tcl variables to
-** commicate with test-scripts:
+** communicate with test-scripts:
 **
 **     $::echo_module
 **     $::echo_module_sync_fail
@@ -1317,7 +1317,12 @@ static sqlite3_module echoModule = {
   echoCommit,                /* xCommit - commit transaction */
   echoRollback,              /* xRollback - rollback transaction */
   echoFindFunction,          /* xFindFunction - function overloading */
-  echoRename                 /* xRename - rename the table */
+  echoRename,                /* xRename - rename the table */
+  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                         /* xRelease */
+  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 static sqlite3_module echoModuleV2 = {
@@ -1343,7 +1348,9 @@ static sqlite3_module echoModuleV2 = {
   echoRename,                /* xRename - rename the table */
   echoSavepoint,
   echoRelease,
-  echoRollbackTo
+  echoRollbackTo,
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity  */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_bestindex.c b/sqlite/src/test_bestindex.c
index f6e0678c..8128530b 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_bestindex.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_bestindex.c
@@ -814,6 +814,11 @@ static sqlite3_module tclModule = {
   0,                           /* xRollback */
   tclFindFunction,             /* xFindFunction */
   0,                           /* xRename */
+  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                           /* xRelease */
+  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_config.c b/sqlite/src/test_config.c
index a362dbc5..ee766a26 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_config.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_config.c
@@ -408,18 +408,6 @@ static void set_options(Tcl_Interp *interp){
   Tcl_SetVar2(interp, "sqlite_options", "foreignkey", "1", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
 #endif
 
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1
-  Tcl_SetVar2(interp, "sqlite_options", "fts1", "1", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
-#else
-  Tcl_SetVar2(interp, "sqlite_options", "fts1", "0", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
-#endif
-
-#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2
-  Tcl_SetVar2(interp, "sqlite_options", "fts2", "1", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
-#else
-  Tcl_SetVar2(interp, "sqlite_options", "fts2", "0", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
-#endif
-
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3
   Tcl_SetVar2(interp, "sqlite_options", "fts3", "1", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
 #else
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_devsym.c b/sqlite/src/test_devsym.c
index 7847bc30..86b78f15 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_devsym.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_devsym.c
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ static int devsymDeviceCharacteristics(sqlite3_file *pFile){
 }
 
 /*
-** Shared-memory methods are all pass-thrus.
+** Shared-memory methods are all pass-throughs.
 */
 static int devsymShmLock(sqlite3_file *pFile, int ofst, int n, int flags){
   devsym_file *p = (devsym_file *)pFile;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_fs.c b/sqlite/src/test_fs.c
index ddfdc7fb..f88f3a94 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_fs.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_fs.c
@@ -816,6 +816,11 @@ static sqlite3_module fsModule = {
   0,                           /* xRollback */
   0,                           /* xFindMethod */
   0,                           /* xRename */
+  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                           /* xRelease */
+  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 static sqlite3_module fsdirModule = {
@@ -839,6 +844,11 @@ static sqlite3_module fsdirModule = {
   0,                              /* xRollback */
   0,                              /* xFindMethod */
   0,                              /* xRename */
+  0,                              /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                              /* xRelease */
+  0,                              /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                              /* xShadowName */
+  0                               /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 static sqlite3_module fstreeModule = {
@@ -862,6 +872,11 @@ static sqlite3_module fstreeModule = {
   0,                              /* xRollback */
   0,                              /* xFindMethod */
   0,                              /* xRename */
+  0,                              /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                              /* xRelease */
+  0,                              /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                              /* xShadowName */
+  0                               /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_init.c b/sqlite/src/test_init.c
index 58465785..400ab9a2 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_init.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_init.c
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ static struct Wrapped {
   sqlite3_mem_methods     mem;
   sqlite3_mutex_methods   mutex;
 
-  int mem_init;                /* True if mem subsystem is initalized */
-  int mem_fail;                /* True to fail mem subsystem inialization */
-  int mutex_init;              /* True if mutex subsystem is initalized */
-  int mutex_fail;              /* True to fail mutex subsystem inialization */
-  int pcache_init;             /* True if pcache subsystem is initalized */
-  int pcache_fail;             /* True to fail pcache subsystem inialization */
+  int mem_init;              /* True if mem subsystem is initialized */
+  int mem_fail;              /* True to fail mem subsystem initialization */
+  int mutex_init;            /* True if mutex subsystem is initialized */
+  int mutex_fail;            /* True to fail mutex subsystem initialization */
+  int pcache_init;           /* True if pcache subsystem is initialized */
+  int pcache_fail;           /* True to fail pcache subsystem initialization */
 } wrapped;
 
 static int wrMemInit(void *pAppData){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_intarray.c b/sqlite/src/test_intarray.c
index 8c74a041..a978ed58 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_intarray.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_intarray.c
@@ -205,6 +205,11 @@ static sqlite3_module intarrayModule = {
   0,                           /* xRollback */
   0,                           /* xFindMethod */
   0,                           /* xRename */
+  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                           /* xRelease */
+  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_intarray.h b/sqlite/src/test_intarray.h
index 116e3bdc..b68233b1 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_intarray.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_intarray.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 **
 **     SELECT * FROM table WHERE x IN (?,?,?,...,?);
 **
-** And then binding indivdual integers to each of ? slots, a C-language
+** And then binding individual integers to each of ? slots, a C-language
 ** application can create an intarray object (named "ex1" in the following
 ** example), prepare a statement like this:
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_md5.c b/sqlite/src/test_md5.c
index b6700268..7903797d 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_md5.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_md5.c
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ static void MD5DigestToBase16(unsigned char *digest, char *zBuf){
 
 
 /*
-** Convert a 128-bit MD5 digest into sequency of eight 5-digit integers
+** Convert a 128-bit MD5 digest into sequences of eight 5-digit integers
 ** each representing 16 bits of the digest and separated from each
 ** other by a "-" character.
 */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.c b/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.c
index 226131f7..d06ed2f7 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.c
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@
 **
 ** The procedure call above will create and register a new VFS shim named
 ** "multiplex".  The multiplex VFS will use the VFS named by zOrigVfsName to
-** do the actual disk I/O.  (The zOrigVfsName parameter may be NULL, in 
+** do the actual disk I/O.  (The zOrigVfsName parameter may be NULL, in
 ** which case the default VFS at the moment sqlite3_multiplex_initialize()
-** is called will be used as the underlying real VFS.)  
+** is called will be used as the underlying real VFS.)
 **
 ** If the makeDefault parameter is TRUE then multiplex becomes the new
 ** default VFS.  Otherwise, you can use the multiplex VFS by specifying
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 ** URI.
 **
 ** The multiplex VFS allows databases up to 32 GiB in size.  But it splits
-** the files up into smaller pieces, so that they will work even on 
+** the files up into smaller pieces, so that they will work even on
 ** filesystems that do not support large files.  The default chunk size
 ** is 2147418112 bytes (which is 64KiB less than 2GiB) but this can be
 ** changed at compile-time by defining the SQLITE_MULTIPLEX_CHUNK_SIZE
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@
 #endif
 #include "sqlite3ext.h"
 
-/* 
-** These should be defined to be the same as the values in 
+/*
+** These should be defined to be the same as the values in
 ** sqliteInt.h.  They are defined separately here so that
-** the multiplex VFS shim can be built as a loadable 
+** the multiplex VFS shim can be built as a loadable
 ** module.
 */
 #define UNUSED_PARAMETER(x) (void)(x)
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 #endif
 
 /* This is the limit on the chunk size.  It may be changed by calling
-** the xFileControl() interface.  It will be rounded up to a 
+** the xFileControl() interface.  It will be rounded up to a
 ** multiple of MAX_PAGE_SIZE.  We default it here to 2GiB less 64KiB.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_MULTIPLEX_CHUNK_SIZE
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ struct multiplexGroup {
 
 /*
 ** An instance of the following object represents each open connection
-** to a file that is multiplex'ed.  This object is a 
+** to a file that is multiplex'ed.  This object is a
 ** subclass of sqlite3_file.  The sqlite3_file object for the underlying
 ** VFS is appended to this structure.
 */
@@ -157,11 +157,11 @@ static struct {
   */
   sqlite3_vfs sThisVfs;
 
-  /* The sIoMethods defines the methods used by sqlite3_file objects 
+  /* The sIoMethods defines the methods used by sqlite3_file objects
   ** associated with this shim.  It is initialized at start-time and does
   ** not require a mutex.
   **
-  ** When the underlying VFS is called to open a file, it might return 
+  ** When the underlying VFS is called to open a file, it might return
   ** either a version 1 or a version 2 sqlite3_file object.  This shim
   ** has to create a wrapper sqlite3_file of the same version.  Hence
   ** there are two I/O method structures, one for version 1 and the other
@@ -199,16 +199,16 @@ static int multiplexStrlen30(const char *z){
 ** nul-terminator.
 **
 ** If iChunk is 0 (or 400 - the number for the first journal file chunk),
-** the output is a copy of the input string. Otherwise, if 
+** the output is a copy of the input string. Otherwise, if
 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES is not defined or the input buffer does not contain
-** a "." character, then the output is a copy of the input string with the 
-** three-digit zero-padded decimal representation if iChunk appended to it. 
+** a "." character, then the output is a copy of the input string with the
+** three-digit zero-padded decimal representation if iChunk appended to it.
 ** For example:
 **
 **   zBase="test.db", iChunk=4  ->  zOut="test.db004"
 **
 ** Or, if SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES is defined and the input buffer contains
-** a "." character, then everything after the "." is replaced by the 
+** a "." character, then everything after the "." is replaced by the
 ** three-digit representation of iChunk.
 **
 **   zBase="test.db", iChunk=4  ->  zOut="test.004"
@@ -232,12 +232,12 @@ static void multiplexFilename(
     if( i>=n-4 ) n = i+1;
     if( flags & SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL ){
       /* The extensions on overflow files for main databases are 001, 002,
-      ** 003 and so forth.  To avoid name collisions, add 400 to the 
+      ** 003 and so forth.  To avoid name collisions, add 400 to the
       ** extensions of journal files so that they are 401, 402, 403, ....
       */
       iChunk += SQLITE_MULTIPLEX_JOURNAL_8_3_OFFSET;
     }else if( flags & SQLITE_OPEN_WAL ){
-      /* To avoid name collisions, add 700 to the 
+      /* To avoid name collisions, add 700 to the
       ** extensions of WAL files so that they are 701, 702, 703, ....
       */
       iChunk += SQLITE_MULTIPLEX_WAL_8_3_OFFSET;
@@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ static sqlite3_file *multiplexSubOpen(
   sqlite3_vfs *pOrigVfs = gMultiplex.pOrigVfs;        /* Real VFS */
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES
-  /* If JOURNAL_8_3_OFFSET is set to (say) 400, then any overflow files are 
-  ** part of a database journal are named db.401, db.402, and so on. A 
+  /* If JOURNAL_8_3_OFFSET is set to (say) 400, then any overflow files are
+  ** part of a database journal are named db.401, db.402, and so on. A
   ** database may therefore not grow to larger than 400 chunks. Attempting
   ** to open chunk 401 indicates the database is full. */
   if( iChunk>=SQLITE_MULTIPLEX_JOURNAL_8_3_OFFSET ){
@@ -351,8 +351,8 @@ static sqlite3_file *multiplexSubOpen(
 
 /*
 ** Return the size, in bytes, of chunk number iChunk.  If that chunk
-** does not exist, then return 0.  This function does not distingish between
-** non-existant files and zero-length files.
+** does not exist, then return 0.  This function does not distinguish between
+** non-existent files and zero-length files.
 */
 static sqlite3_int64 multiplexSubSize(
   multiplexGroup *pGroup,    /* The multiplexor group */
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ static sqlite3_int64 multiplexSubSize(
   if( pSub==0 ) return 0;
   *rc = pSub->pMethods->xFileSize(pSub, &sz);
   return sz;
-}    
+}  
 
 /*
 ** This is the implementation of the multiplex_control() SQL function.
@@ -382,22 +382,22 @@ static void multiplexControlFunc(
   int op = 0;
   int iVal;
 
-  if( !db || argc!=2 ){ 
-    rc = SQLITE_ERROR; 
+  if( !db || argc!=2 ){
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
   }else{
     /* extract params */
     op = sqlite3_value_int(argv[0]);
     iVal = sqlite3_value_int(argv[1]);
     /* map function op to file_control op */
     switch( op ){
-      case 1: 
-        op = MULTIPLEX_CTRL_ENABLE; 
+      case 1:
+        op = MULTIPLEX_CTRL_ENABLE;
         break;
-      case 2: 
-        op = MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_CHUNK_SIZE; 
+      case 2:
+        op = MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_CHUNK_SIZE;
         break;
-      case 3: 
-        op = MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_MAX_CHUNKS; 
+      case 3:
+        op = MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_MAX_CHUNKS;
         break;
       default:
         rc = SQLITE_NOTFOUND;
@@ -411,16 +411,16 @@ static void multiplexControlFunc(
 }
 
 /*
-** This is the entry point to register the auto-extension for the 
+** This is the entry point to register the auto-extension for the
 ** multiplex_control() function.
 */
 static int multiplexFuncInit(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
-  char **pzErrMsg, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  char **pzErrMsg,
   const sqlite3_api_routines *pApi
 ){
   int rc;
-  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "multiplex_control", 2, SQLITE_ANY, 
+  rc = sqlite3_create_function(db, "multiplex_control", 2, SQLITE_ANY,
       0, multiplexControlFunc, 0, 0);
   return rc;
 }
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ static int multiplexOpen(
     memset(pGroup, 0, sz);
     pMultiplexOpen->pGroup = pGroup;
     pGroup->bEnabled = (unsigned char)-1;
-    pGroup->bTruncate = (unsigned char)sqlite3_uri_boolean(zUri, "truncate", 
+    pGroup->bTruncate = (unsigned char)sqlite3_uri_boolean(zUri, "truncate",
                                    (flags & SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB)==0);
     pGroup->szChunk = (int)sqlite3_uri_int64(zUri, "chunksize",
                                         SQLITE_MULTIPLEX_CHUNK_SIZE);
@@ -551,11 +551,11 @@ static int multiplexOpen(
         if( sz64==0 ){
           if( flags & SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL ){
             /* If opening a main journal file and the first chunk is zero
-            ** bytes in size, delete any subsequent chunks from the 
+            ** bytes in size, delete any subsequent chunks from the
             ** file-system. */
             int iChunk = 1;
             do {
-              rc = pOrigVfs->xAccess(pOrigVfs, 
+              rc = pOrigVfs->xAccess(pOrigVfs,
                   pGroup->aReal[iChunk].z, SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &bExists
               );
               if( rc==SQLITE_OK && bExists ){
@@ -573,8 +573,8 @@ static int multiplexOpen(
           **
           ** Or, if the first overflow file does not exist and the main file is
           ** larger than the chunk size, that means the chunk size is too small.
-          ** But we have no way of determining the intended chunk size, so 
-          ** just disable the multiplexor all togethre.
+          ** But we have no way of determining the intended chunk size, so
+          ** just disable the multiplexor all together.
           */
           rc = pOrigVfs->xAccess(pOrigVfs, pGroup->aReal[1].z,
               SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &bExists);
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ static int multiplexDelete(
   rc = pOrigVfs->xDelete(pOrigVfs, zName, syncDir);
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
     /* If the main chunk was deleted successfully, also delete any subsequent
-    ** chunks - starting with the last (highest numbered). 
+    ** chunks - starting with the last (highest numbered).
     */
     int nName = (int)strlen(zName);
     char *z;
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ static int multiplexCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs *a, sqlite3_int64 *b){
 
 /* xClose requests get passed through to the original VFS.
 ** We loop over all open chunk handles and close them.
-** The group structure for this file is unlinked from 
+** The group structure for this file is unlinked from
 ** our list of groups and freed.
 */
 static int multiplexClose(sqlite3_file *pConn){
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ static int multiplexFileControl(sqlite3_file *pConn, int op, void *pArg){
         /*
         ** PRAGMA multiplex_chunksize;
         **
-        ** Return the chunksize for the multiplexor, or no-op if the 
+        ** Return the chunksize for the multiplexor, or no-op if the
         ** multiplexor is not active.
         */
         if( sqlite3_stricmp(aFcntl[1],"multiplex_chunksize")==0
@@ -1138,8 +1138,8 @@ static int multiplexShmUnmap(sqlite3_file *pConn, int deleteFlag){
 /*
 ** CAPI: Initialize the multiplex VFS shim - sqlite3_multiplex_initialize()
 **
-** Use the VFS named zOrigVfsName as the VFS that does the actual work.  
-** Use the default if zOrigVfsName==NULL.  
+** Use the VFS named zOrigVfsName as the VFS that does the actual work.
+** Use the default if zOrigVfsName==NULL.
 **
 ** The multiplex VFS shim is named "multiplex".  It will become the default
 ** VFS if makeDefault is non-zero.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.h b/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.h
index 790c778a..065fac7e 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_multiplex.h
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 ** This file contains a VFS "shim" - a layer that sits in between the
 ** pager and the real VFS.
 **
-** This particular shim enforces a multiplex system on DB files.  
-** This shim shards/partitions a single DB file into smaller 
+** This particular shim enforces a multiplex system on DB files. 
+** This shim shards/partitions a single DB file into smaller
 ** "chunks" such that the total DB file size may exceed the maximum
 ** file size of the underlying file system.
 **
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@
 **   shim.
 **
 ** MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_CHUNK_SIZE:
-**   This file control is used to set the maximum allowed chunk 
-**   size for a multiplex file set.  The chunk size should be 
+**   This file control is used to set the maximum allowed chunk
+**   size for a multiplex file set.  The chunk size should be
 **   a multiple of SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE, and will be rounded up
 **   if not.
 **
 ** MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_MAX_CHUNKS:
 **   This file control is used to set the maximum number of chunks
-**   allowed to be used for a mutliplex file set.
+**   allowed to be used for a multiplex file set.
 */
 #define MULTIPLEX_CTRL_ENABLE          214014
 #define MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_CHUNK_SIZE  214015
@@ -53,26 +53,26 @@ extern "C" {
 /*
 ** CAPI: Initialize the multiplex VFS shim - sqlite3_multiplex_initialize()
 **
-** Use the VFS named zOrigVfsName as the VFS that does the actual work.  
-** Use the default if zOrigVfsName==NULL.  
+** Use the VFS named zOrigVfsName as the VFS that does the actual work. 
+** Use the default if zOrigVfsName==NULL. 
 **
 ** The multiplex VFS shim is named "multiplex".  It will become the default
 ** VFS if makeDefault is non-zero.
 **
-** An auto-extension is registered which will make the function 
+** An auto-extension is registered which will make the function
 ** multiplex_control() available to database connections.  This
-** function gives access to the xFileControl interface of the 
+** function gives access to the xFileControl interface of the
 ** multiplex VFS shim.
 **
 ** SELECT multiplex_control(<op>,<val>);
-** 
+**
 **   <op>=1 MULTIPLEX_CTRL_ENABLE
 **   <val>=0 disable
 **   <val>=1 enable
-** 
+**
 **   <op>=2 MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_CHUNK_SIZE
 **   <val> int, chunk size
-** 
+**
 **   <op>=3 MULTIPLEX_CTRL_SET_MAX_CHUNKS
 **   <val> int, max chunks
 **
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_mutex.c b/sqlite/src/test_mutex.c
index 8bd9ff85..a203208a 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_mutex.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_mutex.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ struct sqlite3_mutex {
 /* State variables */
 static struct test_mutex_globals {
   int isInstalled;           /* True if installed */
-  int disableInit;           /* True to cause sqlite3_initalize() to fail */
+  int disableInit;           /* True to cause sqlite3_initialize() to fail */
   int disableTry;            /* True to force sqlite3_mutex_try() to fail */
   int isInit;                /* True if initialized */
   sqlite3_mutex_methods m;   /* Interface to "real" mutex system */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_osinst.c b/sqlite/src/test_osinst.c
index 3e698c03..062e8315 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_osinst.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_osinst.c
@@ -1090,7 +1090,12 @@ int sqlite3_vfslog_register(sqlite3 *db){
     0,                            /* xRollback */
     0,                            /* xFindMethod */
     0,                            /* xRename */
-  };
+    0,                            /* xSavepoint */
+    0,                            /* xRelease */
+    0,                            /* xRollbackTo */
+    0,                            /* xShadowName */
+    0                             /* xIntegrity */
+ };
 
   sqlite3_create_module(db, "vfslog", &vfslog_module, 0);
   return SQLITE_OK;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_pcache.c b/sqlite/src/test_pcache.c
index 8fcfe7e2..5266d676 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_pcache.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_pcache.c
@@ -9,17 +9,17 @@
 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
 **
 *************************************************************************
-** 
+**
 ** This file contains code used for testing the SQLite system.
 ** None of the code in this file goes into a deliverable build.
-** 
+**
 ** This file contains an application-defined pager cache
 ** implementation that can be plugged in in place of the
 ** default pcache.  This alternative pager cache will throw
 ** some errors that the default cache does not.
 **
 ** This pagecache implementation is designed for simplicity
-** not speed.  
+** not speed.
 */
 #include "sqlite3.h"
 #include <string.h>
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ struct testpcacheGlobalType {
   int nInstance;            /* Number of current instances */
   unsigned discardChance;   /* Chance of discarding on an unpin (0-100) */
   unsigned prngSeed;        /* Seed for the PRNG */
-  unsigned highStress;      /* Call xStress agressively */
+  unsigned highStress;      /* Call xStress aggressively */
 };
 static testpcacheGlobalType testpcacheGlobal;
 
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ static unsigned testpcacheRandom(testpcache *p){
 ** Allocate a new page cache instance.
 */
 static sqlite3_pcache *testpcacheCreate(
-  int szPage, 
-  int szExtra, 
+  int szPage,
+  int szExtra,
   int bPurgeable
 ){
   int nMem;
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ static sqlite3_pcache_page *testpcacheFetch(
     return 0;
   }
 
-  /* Do not allocate if highStress is enabled and createFlag is not 2.  
+  /* Do not allocate if highStress is enabled and createFlag is not 2.
   **
   ** The highStress setting causes pagerStress() to be called much more
   ** often, which exercises the pager logic more intensely.
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ void installTestPCache(
   int installFlag,            /* True to install.  False to uninstall. */
   unsigned discardChance,     /* 0-100.  Chance to discard on unpin */
   unsigned prngSeed,          /* Seed for the PRNG */
-  unsigned highStress         /* Call xStress agressively */
+  unsigned highStress         /* Call xStress aggressively */
 ){
   static const sqlite3_pcache_methods2 testPcache = {
     1,
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_quota.c b/sqlite/src/test_quota.c
index e87e9772..b436de46 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_quota.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_quota.c
@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ size_t sqlite3_quota_fwrite(
   const void *pBuf,      /* Take content to write from here */
   size_t size,           /* Size of each element */
   size_t nmemb,          /* Number of elements */
-  quota_FILE *p          /* Write to this quota_FILE objecct */
+  quota_FILE *p          /* Write to this quota_FILE object */
 ){
   sqlite3_int64 iOfst;
   sqlite3_int64 iEnd;
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_quota_glob(
   Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]
 ){
   const char *zPattern;          /* The glob pattern */
-  const char *zText;             /* Text to compare agains the pattern */
+  const char *zText;             /* Text to compare against the pattern */
   int rc;
   if( objc!=3 ){
     Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "PATTERN TEXT");
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_schema.c b/sqlite/src/test_schema.c
index d2cae7f2..2cbc18e2 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_schema.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_schema.c
@@ -292,6 +292,11 @@ static sqlite3_module schemaModule = {
   0,                           /* xRollback */
   0,                           /* xFindMethod */
   0,                           /* xRename */
+  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                           /* xRelease */
+  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE) */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_tclvar.c b/sqlite/src/test_tclvar.c
index bf99a8ea..36165bc2 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_tclvar.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_tclvar.c
@@ -487,6 +487,11 @@ static sqlite3_module tclvarModule = {
   0,                           /* xRollback */
   0,                           /* xFindMethod */
   0,                           /* xRename */
+  0,                           /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                           /* xRelease */
+  0,                           /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                           /* xShadowName */
+  0                            /* xIntegrity */
 };
 
 /*
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_vfstrace.c b/sqlite/src/test_vfstrace.c
index d0bc29f0..8b7d2fec 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_vfstrace.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_vfstrace.c
@@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ static int vfstraceCurrentTimeInt64(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, sqlite3_int64 *pTimeOut){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return th3 emost recent error code and message
+** Return th3 most recent error code and message
 */
 static int vfstraceGetLastError(sqlite3_vfs *pVfs, int iErr, char *zErr){
   vfstrace_info *pInfo = (vfstrace_info*)pVfs->pAppData;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/test_windirent.h b/sqlite/src/test_windirent.h
index ada53225..28ce6677 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/test_windirent.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/test_windirent.h
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ struct DIR {
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Provide the function prototype for the POSIX compatiable getenv()
+** Provide the function prototype for the POSIX compatible getenv()
 ** function.  This function is not thread-safe.
 */
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/tokenize.c b/sqlite/src/tokenize.c
index 8dac9ece..f4d013de 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/tokenize.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/tokenize.c
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *z, int *tokenType){
       testcase( z[0]=='0' );  testcase( z[0]=='1' );  testcase( z[0]=='2' );
       testcase( z[0]=='3' );  testcase( z[0]=='4' );  testcase( z[0]=='5' );
       testcase( z[0]=='6' );  testcase( z[0]=='7' );  testcase( z[0]=='8' );
-      testcase( z[0]=='9' );
+      testcase( z[0]=='9' );  testcase( z[0]=='.' );
       *tokenType = TK_INTEGER;
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_HEX_INTEGER
       if( z[0]=='0' && (z[1]=='x' || z[1]=='X') && sqlite3Isxdigit(z[2]) ){
@@ -505,7 +505,8 @@ int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *z, int *tokenType){
       return i;
     }
     case CC_KYWD0: {
-      for(i=1; aiClass[z[i]]<=CC_KYWD; i++){}
+      if( aiClass[z[1]]>CC_KYWD ){ i = 1;  break; }
+      for(i=2; aiClass[z[i]]<=CC_KYWD; i++){}
       if( IdChar(z[i]) ){
         /* This token started out using characters that can appear in keywords,
         ** but z[i] is a character not allowed within keywords, so this must
diff --git a/sqlite/src/treeview.c b/sqlite/src/treeview.c
index 9f630b15..1fad8673 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/treeview.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/treeview.c
@@ -412,6 +412,7 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewWindow(TreeView *pView, const Window *pWin, u8 more){
     sqlite3TreeViewItem(pView, "FILTER", 1);
     sqlite3TreeViewExpr(pView, pWin->pFilter, 0);
     sqlite3TreeViewPop(&pView);
+    if( pWin->eFrmType==TK_FILTER ) return;
   }
   sqlite3TreeViewPush(&pView, more);
   if( pWin->zName ){
@@ -421,7 +422,7 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewWindow(TreeView *pView, const Window *pWin, u8 more){
   }
   if( pWin->zBase )    nElement++;
   if( pWin->pOrderBy ) nElement++;
-  if( pWin->eFrmType ) nElement++;
+  if( pWin->eFrmType!=0 && pWin->eFrmType!=TK_FILTER ) nElement++;
   if( pWin->eExclude ) nElement++;
   if( pWin->zBase ){
     sqlite3TreeViewPush(&pView, (--nElement)>0);
@@ -434,7 +435,7 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewWindow(TreeView *pView, const Window *pWin, u8 more){
   if( pWin->pOrderBy ){
     sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pWin->pOrderBy, (--nElement)>0, "ORDER-BY");
   }
-  if( pWin->eFrmType ){
+  if( pWin->eFrmType!=0 && pWin->eFrmType!=TK_FILTER ){
     char zBuf[30];
     const char *zFrmType = "ROWS";
     if( pWin->eFrmType==TK_RANGE ) zFrmType = "RANGE";
@@ -643,7 +644,8 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView *pView, const Expr *pExpr, u8 moreToFollow){
       };
       assert( pExpr->op2==TK_IS || pExpr->op2==TK_ISNOT );
       assert( pExpr->pRight );
-      assert( sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pExpr->pRight)->op==TK_TRUEFALSE );
+      assert( sqlite3ExprSkipCollateAndLikely(pExpr->pRight)->op
+                  == TK_TRUEFALSE );
       x = (pExpr->op2==TK_ISNOT)*2 + sqlite3ExprTruthValue(pExpr->pRight);
       zUniOp = azOp[x];
       break;
@@ -681,7 +683,7 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView *pView, const Expr *pExpr, u8 moreToFollow){
         assert( ExprUseXList(pExpr) );
         pFarg = pExpr->x.pList;
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
-        pWin = ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) ? pExpr->y.pWin : 0;
+        pWin = IsWindowFunc(pExpr) ? pExpr->y.pWin : 0;
 #else
         pWin = 0;
 #endif 
@@ -707,7 +709,13 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView *pView, const Expr *pExpr, u8 moreToFollow){
         sqlite3TreeViewLine(pView, "FUNCTION %Q%s", pExpr->u.zToken, zFlgs);
       }
       if( pFarg ){
-        sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pFarg, pWin!=0, 0);
+        sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pFarg, pWin!=0 || pExpr->pLeft, 0);
+        if( pExpr->pLeft ){
+          Expr *pOB = pExpr->pLeft;
+          assert( pOB->op==TK_ORDER );
+          assert( ExprUseXList(pOB) );
+          sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pOB->x.pList, pWin!=0, "ORDERBY");
+        }
       }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WINDOWFUNC
       if( pWin ){
@@ -716,6 +724,10 @@ void sqlite3TreeViewExpr(TreeView *pView, const Expr *pExpr, u8 moreToFollow){
 #endif
       break;
     }
+    case TK_ORDER: {
+      sqlite3TreeViewExprList(pView, pExpr->x.pList, 0, "ORDERBY");
+      break;
+    }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
     case TK_EXISTS: {
       assert( ExprUseXSelect(pExpr) );
diff --git a/sqlite/src/trigger.c b/sqlite/src/trigger.c
index bcb2132f..97ca249b 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/trigger.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/trigger.c
@@ -183,6 +183,10 @@ void sqlite3BeginTrigger(
     sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot create triggers on virtual tables");
     goto trigger_orphan_error;
   }
+  if( (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Shadow)!=0 && sqlite3ReadOnlyShadowTables(db) ){
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "cannot create triggers on shadow tables");
+    goto trigger_orphan_error;
+  }
 
   /* Check that the trigger name is not reserved and that no trigger of the
   ** specified name exists */
@@ -966,10 +970,17 @@ static void codeReturningTrigger(
   SrcList sFrom;
 
   assert( v!=0 );
-  assert( pParse->bReturning );
+  if( !pParse->bReturning ){
+    /* This RETURNING trigger must be for a different statement as
+    ** this statement lacks a RETURNING clause. */
+    return;
+  }
   assert( db->pParse==pParse );
   pReturning = pParse->u1.pReturning;
-  assert( pTrigger == &(pReturning->retTrig) );
+  if( pTrigger != &(pReturning->retTrig) ){
+    /* This RETURNING trigger is for a different statement */
+    return;
+  }
   memset(&sSelect, 0, sizeof(sSelect));
   memset(&sFrom, 0, sizeof(sFrom));
   sSelect.pEList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pReturning->pReturnEL, 0);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/update.c b/sqlite/src/update.c
index c1f13639..cd7d73f3 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/update.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/update.c
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ static void updateVirtualTable(
 
 /*
 ** The most recently coded instruction was an OP_Column to retrieve the
-** i-th column of table pTab. This routine sets the P4 parameter of the 
+** i-th column of table pTab. This routine sets the P4 parameter of the
 ** OP_Column to the default value, if any.
 **
-** The default value of a column is specified by a DEFAULT clause in the 
+** The default value of a column is specified by a DEFAULT clause in the
 ** column definition. This was either supplied by the user when the table
 ** was created, or added later to the table definition by an ALTER TABLE
 ** command. If the latter, then the row-records in the table btree on disk
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ static void updateVirtualTable(
 ** If the former, then all row-records are guaranteed to include a value
 ** for the column and the P4 value is not required.
 **
-** Column definitions created by an ALTER TABLE command may only have 
+** Column definitions created by an ALTER TABLE command may only have
 ** literal default values specified: a number, null or a string. (If a more
-** complicated default expression value was provided, it is evaluated 
+** complicated default expression value was provided, it is evaluated
 ** when the ALTER TABLE is executed and one of the literal values written
 ** into the sqlite_schema table.)
 **
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *v, Table *pTab, int i, int iReg){
     assert( !IsView(pTab) );
     VdbeComment((v, "%s.%s", pTab->zName, pCol->zCnName));
     assert( i<pTab->nCol );
-    sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3VdbeDb(v), 
-                         sqlite3ColumnExpr(pTab,pCol), enc, 
+    sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3VdbeDb(v),
+                         sqlite3ColumnExpr(pTab,pCol), enc,
                          pCol->affinity, &pValue);
     if( pValue ){
       sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pValue, P4_MEM);
@@ -150,17 +150,17 @@ static Expr *exprRowColumn(Parse *pParse, int iCol){
 ** Assuming both the pLimit and pOrderBy parameters are NULL, this function
 ** generates VM code to run the query:
 **
-**   SELECT <other-columns>, pChanges FROM pTabList WHERE pWhere 
+**   SELECT <other-columns>, pChanges FROM pTabList WHERE pWhere
 **
-** and write the results to the ephemeral table already opened as cursor 
-** iEph. None of pChanges, pTabList or pWhere are modified or consumed by 
+** and write the results to the ephemeral table already opened as cursor
+** iEph. None of pChanges, pTabList or pWhere are modified or consumed by
 ** this function, they must be deleted by the caller.
 **
 ** Or, if pLimit and pOrderBy are not NULL, and pTab is not a view:
 **
-**   SELECT <other-columns>, pChanges FROM pTabList 
+**   SELECT <other-columns>, pChanges FROM pTabList
 **   WHERE pWhere
-**   GROUP BY <other-columns> 
+**   GROUP BY <other-columns>
 **   ORDER BY pOrderBy LIMIT pLimit
 **
 ** If pTab is a view, the GROUP BY clause is omitted.
@@ -178,11 +178,11 @@ static Expr *exprRowColumn(Parse *pParse, int iCol){
 ** the view. The results are written to the ephemeral table iEph as records
 ** with automatically assigned integer keys.
 **
-** If the table is a virtual or ordinary intkey table, then <other-columns> 
+** If the table is a virtual or ordinary intkey table, then <other-columns>
 ** is its rowid. For a virtual table, the results are written to iEph as
 ** records with automatically assigned integer keys For intkey tables, the
-** rowid value in <other-columns> is used as the integer key, and the 
-** remaining fields make up the table record. 
+** rowid value in <other-columns> is used as the integer key, and the
+** remaining fields make up the table record.
 */
 static void updateFromSelect(
   Parse *pParse,                  /* Parse context */
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ static void updateFromSelect(
 
   assert( pTabList->nSrc>1 );
   if( pSrc ){
-    pSrc->a[0].fg.notCte = 1;
+    assert( pSrc->a[0].fg.notCte );
     pSrc->a[0].iCursor = -1;
     pSrc->a[0].pTab->nTabRef--;
     pSrc->a[0].pTab = 0;
@@ -257,13 +257,13 @@ static void updateFromSelect(
   assert( pChanges!=0 || pParse->db->mallocFailed );
   if( pChanges ){
     for(i=0; i<pChanges->nExpr; i++){
-      pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, 
+      pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList,
           sqlite3ExprDup(db, pChanges->a[i].pExpr, 0)
       );
     }
   }
-  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pList, 
-      pSrc, pWhere2, pGrp, 0, pOrderBy2, 
+  pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, pList,
+      pSrc, pWhere2, pGrp, 0, pOrderBy2,
       SF_UFSrcCheck|SF_IncludeHidden|SF_UpdateFrom, pLimit2
   );
   if( pSelect ) pSelect->selFlags |= SF_OrderByReqd;
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   }
   assert( db->mallocFailed==0 );
 
-  /* Locate the table which we want to update. 
+  /* Locate the table which we want to update.
   */
   pTab = sqlite3SrcListLookup(pParse, pTabList);
   if( pTab==0 ) goto update_cleanup;
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   }
   pTabList->a[0].iCursor = iDataCur;
 
-  /* Allocate space for aXRef[], aRegIdx[], and aToOpen[].  
+  /* Allocate space for aXRef[], aRegIdx[], and aToOpen[].
   ** Initialize aXRef[] and aToOpen[] to their default values.
   */
   aXRef = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, sizeof(int) * (pTab->nCol+nIdx+1) + nIdx+2 );
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
         else if( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
           testcase( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
           testcase( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
-          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
              "cannot UPDATE generated column \"%s\"",
              pTab->aCol[j].zCnName);
           goto update_cleanup;
@@ -529,11 +529,11 @@ void sqlite3Update(
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
   /* Mark generated columns as changing if their generator expressions
-  ** reference any changing column.  The actual aXRef[] value for 
+  ** reference any changing column.  The actual aXRef[] value for
   ** generated expressions is not used, other than to check to see that it
   ** is non-negative, so the value of aXRef[] for generated columns can be
   ** set to any non-negative number.  We use 99999 so that the value is
-  ** obvious when looking at aXRef[] in a symbolic debugger. 
+  ** obvious when looking at aXRef[] in a symbolic debugger.
   */
   if( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasGenerated ){
     int bProgress;
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   }
 #endif
 
-  /* The SET expressions are not actually used inside the WHERE loop.  
+  /* The SET expressions are not actually used inside the WHERE loop.
   ** So reset the colUsed mask. Unless this is a virtual table. In that
   ** case, set all bits of the colUsed mask (to ensure that the virtual
   ** table implementation makes all columns available).
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   }
   aRegIdx[nAllIdx] = ++pParse->nMem;  /* Register storing the table record */
   if( bReplace ){
-    /* If REPLACE conflict resolution might be invoked, open cursors on all 
+    /* If REPLACE conflict resolution might be invoked, open cursors on all
     ** indexes in case they are needed to delete records.  */
     memset(aToOpen, 1, nIdx+1);
   }
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   */
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER)
   if( nChangeFrom==0 && isView ){
-    sqlite3MaterializeView(pParse, pTab, 
+    sqlite3MaterializeView(pParse, pTab,
         pWhere, pOrderBy, pLimit, iDataCur
     );
     pOrderBy = 0;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
       }
     }
   }
-  
+
   if( nChangeFrom ){
     sqlite3MultiWrite(pParse);
     eOnePass = ONEPASS_OFF;
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
       sqlite3ExprIfFalse(pParse, pWhere, labelBreak, SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL);
       bFinishSeek = 0;
     }else{
-      /* Begin the database scan. 
+      /* Begin the database scan.
       **
       ** Do not consider a single-pass strategy for a multi-row update if
       ** there is anything that might disrupt the cursor being used to do
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
        && !hasFK
        && !chngKey
        && !bReplace
-       && (sNC.ncFlags & NC_Subquery)==0
+       && (pWhere==0 || !ExprHasProperty(pWhere, EP_Subquery))
       ){
         flags |= WHERE_ONEPASS_MULTIROW;
       }
@@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
       /* Read the PK of the current row into an array of registers. In
       ** ONEPASS_OFF mode, serialize the array into a record and store it in
       ** the ephemeral table. Or, in ONEPASS_SINGLE or MULTI mode, change
-      ** the OP_OpenEphemeral instruction to a Noop (the ephemeral table 
+      ** the OP_OpenEphemeral instruction to a Noop (the ephemeral table
       ** is not required) and leave the PK fields in the array of registers.  */
       for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
         assert( pPk->aiColumn[i]>=0 );
@@ -810,26 +810,28 @@ void sqlite3Update(
     if( nChangeFrom==0 && eOnePass!=ONEPASS_MULTI ){
       sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
     }
-  
+
     if( !isView ){
       int addrOnce = 0;
-  
+      int iNotUsed1 = 0;
+      int iNotUsed2 = 0;
+
       /* Open every index that needs updating. */
       if( eOnePass!=ONEPASS_OFF ){
         if( aiCurOnePass[0]>=0 ) aToOpen[aiCurOnePass[0]-iBaseCur] = 0;
         if( aiCurOnePass[1]>=0 ) aToOpen[aiCurOnePass[1]-iBaseCur] = 0;
       }
-  
+
       if( eOnePass==ONEPASS_MULTI && (nIdx-(aiCurOnePass[1]>=0))>0 ){
         addrOnce = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Once); VdbeCoverage(v);
       }
       sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(pParse, pTab, OP_OpenWrite, 0, iBaseCur,
-                                 aToOpen, 0, 0);
+                                 aToOpen, &iNotUsed1, &iNotUsed2);
       if( addrOnce ){
         sqlite3VdbeJumpHereOrPopInst(v, addrOnce);
       }
     }
-  
+
     /* Top of the update loop */
     if( eOnePass!=ONEPASS_OFF ){
       if( aiCurOnePass[0]!=iDataCur
@@ -902,7 +904,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   ** information is needed */
   if( chngPk || hasFK || pTrigger ){
     u32 oldmask = (hasFK ? sqlite3FkOldmask(pParse, pTab) : 0);
-    oldmask |= sqlite3TriggerColmask(pParse, 
+    oldmask |= sqlite3TriggerColmask(pParse,
         pTrigger, pChanges, 0, TRIGGER_BEFORE|TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, onError
     );
     for(i=0; i<pTab->nCol; i++){
@@ -931,8 +933,8 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   ** If there are one or more BEFORE triggers, then do not populate the
   ** registers associated with columns that are (a) not modified by
   ** this UPDATE statement and (b) not accessed by new.* references. The
-  ** values for registers not modified by the UPDATE must be reloaded from 
-  ** the database after the BEFORE triggers are fired anyway (as the trigger 
+  ** values for registers not modified by the UPDATE must be reloaded from
+  ** the database after the BEFORE triggers are fired anyway (as the trigger
   ** may have modified them). So not loading those that are not going to
   ** be used eliminates some redundant opcodes.
   */
@@ -955,7 +957,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
           sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pChanges->a[j].pExpr, k);
         }
       }else if( 0==(tmask&TRIGGER_BEFORE) || i>31 || (newmask & MASKBIT32(i)) ){
-        /* This branch loads the value of a column that will not be changed 
+        /* This branch loads the value of a column that will not be changed
         ** into a register. This is done if there are no BEFORE triggers, or
         ** if there are one or more BEFORE triggers that use this value via
         ** a new.* reference in a trigger program.
@@ -982,12 +984,12 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   */
   if( tmask&TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
     sqlite3TableAffinity(v, pTab, regNew);
-    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_UPDATE, pChanges, 
+    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_UPDATE, pChanges,
         TRIGGER_BEFORE, pTab, regOldRowid, onError, labelContinue);
 
     if( !isView ){
       /* The row-trigger may have deleted the row being updated. In this
-      ** case, jump to the next row. No updates or AFTER triggers are 
+      ** case, jump to the next row. No updates or AFTER triggers are
       ** required. This behavior - what happens when the row being updated
       ** is deleted or renamed by a BEFORE trigger - is left undefined in the
       ** documentation.
@@ -1001,8 +1003,8 @@ void sqlite3Update(
       }
 
       /* After-BEFORE-trigger-reload-loop:
-      ** If it did not delete it, the BEFORE trigger may still have modified 
-      ** some of the columns of the row being updated. Load the values for 
+      ** If it did not delete it, the BEFORE trigger may still have modified
+      ** some of the columns of the row being updated. Load the values for
       ** all columns not modified by the update statement into their registers
       ** in case this has happened. Only unmodified columns are reloaded.
       ** The values computed for modified columns use the values before the
@@ -1022,7 +1024,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
         testcase( pTab->tabFlags & TF_HasStored );
         sqlite3ComputeGeneratedColumns(pParse, regNew, pTab);
       }
-#endif 
+#endif
     }
   }
 
@@ -1066,7 +1068,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
     ** to process, delete the old record. Otherwise, add a noop OP_Delete
     ** to invoke the pre-update hook.
     **
-    ** That (regNew==regnewRowid+1) is true is also important for the 
+    ** That (regNew==regnewRowid+1) is true is also important for the
     ** pre-update hook. If the caller invokes preupdate_new(), the returned
     ** value is copied from memory cell (regNewRowid+1+iCol), where iCol
     ** is the column index supplied by the user.
@@ -1093,30 +1095,32 @@ void sqlite3Update(
     if( hasFK ){
       sqlite3FkCheck(pParse, pTab, 0, regNewRowid, aXRef, chngKey);
     }
-  
+
     /* Insert the new index entries and the new record. */
     sqlite3CompleteInsertion(
-        pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur, regNewRowid, aRegIdx, 
-        OPFLAG_ISUPDATE | (eOnePass==ONEPASS_MULTI ? OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION : 0), 
+        pParse, pTab, iDataCur, iIdxCur, regNewRowid, aRegIdx,
+        OPFLAG_ISUPDATE | (eOnePass==ONEPASS_MULTI ? OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION : 0),
         0, 0
     );
 
     /* Do any ON CASCADE, SET NULL or SET DEFAULT operations required to
     ** handle rows (possibly in other tables) that refer via a foreign key
-    ** to the row just updated. */ 
+    ** to the row just updated. */
     if( hasFK ){
       sqlite3FkActions(pParse, pTab, pChanges, regOldRowid, aXRef, chngKey);
     }
   }
 
-  /* Increment the row counter 
+  /* Increment the row counter
   */
   if( regRowCount ){
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_AddImm, regRowCount, 1);
   }
 
-  sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_UPDATE, pChanges, 
-      TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, regOldRowid, onError, labelContinue);
+  if( pTrigger ){
+    sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(pParse, pTrigger, TK_UPDATE, pChanges,
+        TRIGGER_AFTER, pTab, regOldRowid, onError, labelContinue);
+  }
 
   /* Repeat the above with the next record to be updated, until
   ** all record selected by the WHERE clause have been updated.
@@ -1154,7 +1158,7 @@ void sqlite3Update(
   sqlite3SrcListDelete(db, pTabList);
   sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pChanges);
   sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pWhere);
-#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) 
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT)
   sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pOrderBy);
   sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pLimit);
 #endif
@@ -1174,8 +1178,8 @@ void sqlite3Update(
 /*
 ** Generate code for an UPDATE of a virtual table.
 **
-** There are two possible strategies - the default and the special 
-** "onepass" strategy. Onepass is only used if the virtual table 
+** There are two possible strategies - the default and the special
+** "onepass" strategy. Onepass is only used if the virtual table
 ** implementation indicates that pWhere may match at most one row.
 **
 ** The default strategy is to create an ephemeral table that contains
@@ -1211,7 +1215,7 @@ static void updateVirtualTable(
   int nArg = 2 + pTab->nCol;      /* Number of arguments to VUpdate */
   int regArg;                     /* First register in VUpdate arg array */
   int regRec;                     /* Register in which to assemble record */
-  int regRowid;                   /* Register for ephem table rowid */
+  int regRowid;                   /* Register for ephemeral table rowid */
   int iCsr = pSrc->a[0].iCursor;  /* Cursor used for virtual table scan */
   int aDummy[2];                  /* Unused arg for sqlite3WhereOkOnePass() */
   int eOnePass;                   /* True to use onepass strategy */
@@ -1255,7 +1259,9 @@ static void updateVirtualTable(
           sqlite3ExprDup(db, pChanges->a[aXRef[i]].pExpr, 0)
         );
       }else{
-        pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, exprRowColumn(pParse, i));
+        Expr *pRowExpr = exprRowColumn(pParse, i);
+        if( pRowExpr ) pRowExpr->op2 = OPFLAG_NOCHNG;
+        pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, pRowExpr);
       }
     }
 
@@ -1332,10 +1338,10 @@ static void updateVirtualTable(
       sqlite3WhereEnd(pWInfo);
     }
 
-    /* Begin scannning through the ephemeral table. */
+    /* Begin scanning through the ephemeral table. */
     addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Rewind, ephemTab); VdbeCoverage(v);
 
-    /* Extract arguments from the current row of the ephemeral table and 
+    /* Extract arguments from the current row of the ephemeral table and
     ** invoke the VUpdate method.  */
     for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, ephemTab, i, regArg+i);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/upsert.c b/sqlite/src/upsert.c
index 85994020..be0d0550 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/upsert.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/upsert.c
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ int sqlite3UpsertAnalyzeTarget(
           pExpr = &sCol[0];
         }
         for(jj=0; jj<nn; jj++){
-          if( sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse,pTarget->a[jj].pExpr,pExpr,iCursor)<2 ){
+          if( sqlite3ExprCompare(0,pTarget->a[jj].pExpr,pExpr,iCursor)<2 ){
             break;  /* Column ii of the index matches column jj of target */
           }
         }
diff --git a/sqlite/src/util.c b/sqlite/src/util.c
index 3d4e0143..e9c7cccb 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/util.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/util.c
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 
 /*
 ** Calls to sqlite3FaultSim() are used to simulate a failure during testing,
-** or to bypass normal error detection during testing in order to let 
-** execute proceed futher downstream.
+** or to bypass normal error detection during testing in order to let
+** execute proceed further downstream.
 **
 ** In deployment, sqlite3FaultSim() *always* return SQLITE_OK (0).  The
 ** sqlite3FaultSim() function only returns non-zero during testing.
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ int sqlite3Strlen30(const char *z){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return the declared type of a column.  Or return zDflt if the column 
+** Return the declared type of a column.  Or return zDflt if the column
 ** has no declared type.
 **
 ** The column type is an extra string stored after the zero-terminator on
@@ -141,6 +141,23 @@ void sqlite3ErrorClear(sqlite3 *db){
 */
 void sqlite3SystemError(sqlite3 *db, int rc){
   if( rc==SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM ) return;
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+  if( rc==SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE ){
+    int ii;
+    int iErr;
+    sqlite3BtreeEnterAll(db);
+    for(ii=0; ii<db->nDb; ii++){
+      if( db->aDb[ii].pBt ){
+        iErr = sqlite3PagerWalSystemErrno(sqlite3BtreePager(db->aDb[ii].pBt));
+        if( iErr ){
+          db->iSysErrno = iErr;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
   rc &= 0xff;
   if( rc==SQLITE_CANTOPEN || rc==SQLITE_IOERR ){
     db->iSysErrno = sqlite3OsGetLastError(db->pVfs);
@@ -185,12 +202,16 @@ void sqlite3ProgressCheck(Parse *p){
     p->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
   }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
-  if( db->xProgress && (++p->nProgressSteps)>=db->nProgressOps ){
-    if( db->xProgress(db->pProgressArg) ){
-      p->nErr++;
-      p->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
+  if( db->xProgress ){
+    if( p->rc==SQLITE_INTERRUPT ){
+      p->nProgressSteps = 0;
+    }else if( (++p->nProgressSteps)>=db->nProgressOps ){
+      if( db->xProgress(db->pProgressArg) ){
+        p->nErr++;
+        p->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
+      }
+      p->nProgressSteps = 0;
     }
-    p->nProgressSteps = 0;
   }
 #endif
 }
@@ -386,43 +407,40 @@ u8 sqlite3StrIHash(const char *z){
   return h;
 }
 
-/*
-** Compute 10 to the E-th power.  Examples:  E==1 results in 10.
-** E==2 results in 100.  E==50 results in 1.0e50.
+/* Double-Double multiplication.  (x[0],x[1]) *= (y,yy)
 **
-** This routine only works for values of E between 1 and 341.
+** Reference:
+**   T. J. Dekker, "A Floating-Point Technique for Extending the
+**   Available Precision".  1971-07-26.
 */
-static LONGDOUBLE_TYPE sqlite3Pow10(int E){
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-  static const LONGDOUBLE_TYPE x[] = {
-    1.0e+001L,
-    1.0e+002L,
-    1.0e+004L,
-    1.0e+008L,
-    1.0e+016L,
-    1.0e+032L,
-    1.0e+064L,
-    1.0e+128L,
-    1.0e+256L
-  };
-  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE r = 1.0;
-  int i;
-  assert( E>=0 && E<=307 );
-  for(i=0; E!=0; i++, E >>=1){
-    if( E & 1 ) r *= x[i];
-  }
-  return r;
-#else
-  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE x = 10.0;
-  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE r = 1.0;
-  while(1){
-    if( E & 1 ) r *= x;
-    E >>= 1;
-    if( E==0 ) break;
-    x *= x;
-  }
-  return r; 
-#endif
+static void dekkerMul2(volatile double *x, double y, double yy){
+  /*
+  ** The "volatile" keywords on parameter x[] and on local variables
+  ** below are needed force intermediate results to be truncated to
+  ** binary64 rather than be carried around in an extended-precision
+  ** format.  The truncation is necessary for the Dekker algorithm to
+  ** work.  Intel x86 floating point might omit the truncation without
+  ** the use of volatile. 
+  */
+  volatile double tx, ty, p, q, c, cc;
+  double hx, hy;
+  u64 m;
+  memcpy(&m, (void*)&x[0], 8);
+  m &= 0xfffffffffc000000LL;
+  memcpy(&hx, &m, 8);
+  tx = x[0] - hx;
+  memcpy(&m, &y, 8);
+  m &= 0xfffffffffc000000LL;
+  memcpy(&hy, &m, 8);
+  ty = y - hy;
+  p = hx*hy;
+  q = hx*ty + tx*hy;
+  c = p+q;
+  cc = p - c + q + tx*ty;
+  cc = x[0]*yy + x[1]*y + cc;
+  x[0] = c + cc;
+  x[1] = c - x[0];
+  x[1] += cc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -438,7 +456,7 @@ static LONGDOUBLE_TYPE sqlite3Pow10(int E){
 **      1          =>  The input string is a pure integer
 **      2 or more  =>  The input has a decimal point or eNNN clause
 **      0 or less  =>  The input string is not a valid number
-**     -1          =>  Not a valid number, but has a valid prefix which 
+**     -1          =>  Not a valid number, but has a valid prefix which
 **                     includes a decimal point and/or an eNNN clause
 **
 ** Valid numbers are in one of these formats:
@@ -463,12 +481,11 @@ int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double *pResult, int length, u8 enc){
   const char *zEnd;
   /* sign * significand * (10 ^ (esign * exponent)) */
   int sign = 1;    /* sign of significand */
-  i64 s = 0;       /* significand */
+  u64 s = 0;       /* significand */
   int d = 0;       /* adjust exponent for shifting decimal point */
   int esign = 1;   /* sign of exponent */
   int e = 0;       /* exponent */
   int eValid = 1;  /* True exponent is either not used or is well-formed */
-  double result;
   int nDigit = 0;  /* Number of digits processed */
   int eType = 1;   /* 1: pure integer,  2+: fractional  -1 or less: bad UTF16 */
 
@@ -508,7 +525,7 @@ int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double *pResult, int length, u8 enc){
   while( z<zEnd && sqlite3Isdigit(*z) ){
     s = s*10 + (*z - '0');
     z+=incr; nDigit++;
-    if( s>=((LARGEST_INT64-9)/10) ){
+    if( s>=((LARGEST_UINT64-9)/10) ){
       /* skip non-significant significand digits
       ** (increase exponent by d to shift decimal left) */
       while( z<zEnd && sqlite3Isdigit(*z) ){ z+=incr; d++; }
@@ -523,7 +540,7 @@ int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double *pResult, int length, u8 enc){
     /* copy digits from after decimal to significand
     ** (decrease exponent by d to shift decimal right) */
     while( z<zEnd && sqlite3Isdigit(*z) ){
-      if( s<((LARGEST_INT64-9)/10) ){
+      if( s<((LARGEST_UINT64-9)/10) ){
         s = s*10 + (*z - '0');
         d--;
         nDigit++;
@@ -539,7 +556,7 @@ int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double *pResult, int length, u8 enc){
     eValid = 0;
     eType++;
 
-    /* This branch is needed to avoid a (harmless) buffer overread.  The 
+    /* This branch is needed to avoid a (harmless) buffer overread.  The
     ** special comment alerts the mutation tester that the correct answer
     ** is obtained even if the branch is omitted */
     if( z>=zEnd ) goto do_atof_calc;              /*PREVENTS-HARMLESS-OVERREAD*/
@@ -563,79 +580,89 @@ int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double *pResult, int length, u8 enc){
   while( z<zEnd && sqlite3Isspace(*z) ) z+=incr;
 
 do_atof_calc:
+  /* Zero is a special case */
+  if( s==0 ){
+    *pResult = sign<0 ? -0.0 : +0.0;
+    goto atof_return;
+  }
+
   /* adjust exponent by d, and update sign */
   e = (e*esign) + d;
-  if( e<0 ) {
-    esign = -1;
-    e *= -1;
-  } else {
-    esign = 1;
-  }
-
-  if( s==0 ) {
-    /* In the IEEE 754 standard, zero is signed. */
-    result = sign<0 ? -(double)0 : (double)0;
-  } else {
-    /* Attempt to reduce exponent.
-    **
-    ** Branches that are not required for the correct answer but which only
-    ** help to obtain the correct answer faster are marked with special
-    ** comments, as a hint to the mutation tester.
-    */
-    while( e>0 ){                                       /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
-      if( esign>0 ){
-        if( s>=(LARGEST_INT64/10) ) break;             /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE*/
-        s *= 10;
-      }else{
-        if( s%10!=0 ) break;                           /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE*/
-        s /= 10;
-      }
-      e--;
-    }
 
-    /* adjust the sign of significand */
-    s = sign<0 ? -s : s;
+  /* Try to adjust the exponent to make it smaller */
+  while( e>0 && s<(LARGEST_UINT64/10) ){
+    s *= 10;
+    e--;
+  }
+  while( e<0 && (s%10)==0 ){
+    s /= 10;
+    e++;
+  }
 
-    if( e==0 ){                                         /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
-      result = (double)s;
+  if( e==0 ){
+    *pResult = s;
+  }else if( sqlite3Config.bUseLongDouble ){
+    LONGDOUBLE_TYPE r = (LONGDOUBLE_TYPE)s;
+    if( e>0 ){
+      while( e>=100  ){ e-=100; r *= 1.0e+100L; }
+      while( e>=10   ){ e-=10;  r *= 1.0e+10L;  }
+      while( e>=1    ){ e-=1;   r *= 1.0e+01L;  }
     }else{
-      /* attempt to handle extremely small/large numbers better */
-      if( e>307 ){                                      /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
-        if( e<342 ){                                    /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
-          LONGDOUBLE_TYPE scale = sqlite3Pow10(e-308);
-          if( esign<0 ){
-            result = s / scale;
-            result /= 1.0e+308;
-          }else{
-            result = s * scale;
-            result *= 1.0e+308;
-          }
-        }else{ assert( e>=342 );
-          if( esign<0 ){
-            result = 0.0*s;
-          }else{
+      while( e<=-100 ){ e+=100; r *= 1.0e-100L; }
+      while( e<=-10  ){ e+=10;  r *= 1.0e-10L;  }
+      while( e<=-1   ){ e+=1;   r *= 1.0e-01L;  }
+    }
+    assert( r>=0.0 );
+    if( r>+1.7976931348623157081452742373e+308L ){
 #ifdef INFINITY
-            result = INFINITY*s;
+      *pResult = +INFINITY;
 #else
-            result = 1e308*1e308*s;  /* Infinity */
+      *pResult = 1.0e308*10.0;
 #endif
-          }
-        }
-      }else{
-        LONGDOUBLE_TYPE scale = sqlite3Pow10(e);
-        if( esign<0 ){
-          result = s / scale;
-        }else{
-          result = s * scale;
-        }
+    }else{
+      *pResult = (double)r;
+    }
+  }else{
+    double rr[2];
+    u64 s2;
+    rr[0] = (double)s;
+    s2 = (u64)rr[0];
+    rr[1] = s>=s2 ? (double)(s - s2) : -(double)(s2 - s);
+    if( e>0 ){
+      while( e>=100  ){
+        e -= 100;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e+100, -1.5902891109759918046e+83);
+      }
+      while( e>=10   ){
+        e -= 10;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e+10, 0.0);
+      }
+      while( e>=1    ){
+        e -= 1;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e+01, 0.0);
+      }
+    }else{
+      while( e<=-100 ){
+        e += 100;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e-100, -1.99918998026028836196e-117);
+      }
+      while( e<=-10  ){
+        e += 10;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e-10, -3.6432197315497741579e-27);
+      }
+      while( e<=-1   ){
+        e += 1;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e-01, -5.5511151231257827021e-18);
       }
     }
+    *pResult = rr[0]+rr[1];
+    if( sqlite3IsNaN(*pResult) ) *pResult = 1e300*1e300;
   }
+  if( sign<0 ) *pResult = -*pResult;
+  assert( !sqlite3IsNaN(*pResult) );
 
-  /* store the result */
-  *pResult = result;
-
-  /* return true if number and no extra non-whitespace chracters after */
+atof_return:
+  /* return true if number and no extra non-whitespace characters after */
   if( z==zEnd && nDigit>0 && eValid && eType>0 ){
     return eType;
   }else if( eType>=2 && (eType==3 || eValid) && nDigit>0 ){
@@ -771,7 +798,7 @@ int sqlite3Atoi64(const char *zNum, i64 *pNum, int length, u8 enc){
     /* This test and assignment is needed only to suppress UB warnings
     ** from clang and -fsanitize=undefined.  This test and assignment make
     ** the code a little larger and slower, and no harm comes from omitting
-    ** them, but we must appaise the undefined-behavior pharisees. */
+    ** them, but we must appease the undefined-behavior pharisees. */
     *pNum = neg ? SMALLEST_INT64 : LARGEST_INT64;
   }else if( neg ){
     *pNum = -(i64)u;
@@ -849,7 +876,9 @@ int sqlite3DecOrHexToI64(const char *z, i64 *pOut){
   }else
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_HEX_INTEGER */
   {
-    return sqlite3Atoi64(z, pOut, sqlite3Strlen30(z), SQLITE_UTF8);
+    int n = (int)(0x3fffffff&strspn(z,"+- \n\t0123456789"));
+    if( z[n] ) n++;
+    return sqlite3Atoi64(z, pOut, n, SQLITE_UTF8);
   }
 }
 
@@ -928,6 +957,153 @@ int sqlite3Atoi(const char *z){
   return x;
 }
 
+/*
+** Decode a floating-point value into an approximate decimal
+** representation.
+**
+** Round the decimal representation to n significant digits if
+** n is positive.  Or round to -n signficant digits after the
+** decimal point if n is negative.  No rounding is performed if
+** n is zero.
+**
+** The significant digits of the decimal representation are
+** stored in p->z[] which is a often (but not always) a pointer
+** into the middle of p->zBuf[].  There are p->n significant digits.
+** The p->z[] array is *not* zero-terminated.
+*/
+void sqlite3FpDecode(FpDecode *p, double r, int iRound, int mxRound){
+  int i;
+  u64 v;
+  int e, exp = 0;
+  p->isSpecial = 0;
+  p->z = p->zBuf;
+
+  /* Convert negative numbers to positive.  Deal with Infinity, 0.0, and
+  ** NaN. */
+  if( r<0.0 ){
+    p->sign = '-';
+    r = -r;
+  }else if( r==0.0 ){
+    p->sign = '+';
+    p->n = 1;
+    p->iDP = 1;
+    p->z = "0";
+    return;
+  }else{
+    p->sign = '+';
+  }
+  memcpy(&v,&r,8);
+  e = v>>52;
+  if( (e&0x7ff)==0x7ff ){
+    p->isSpecial = 1 + (v!=0x7ff0000000000000LL);
+    p->n = 0;
+    p->iDP = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  /* Multiply r by powers of ten until it lands somewhere in between
+  ** 1.0e+19 and 1.0e+17.
+  */
+  if( sqlite3Config.bUseLongDouble ){
+    LONGDOUBLE_TYPE rr = r;
+    if( rr>=1.0e+19 ){
+      while( rr>=1.0e+119L ){ exp+=100; rr *= 1.0e-100L; }
+      while( rr>=1.0e+29L  ){ exp+=10;  rr *= 1.0e-10L;  }
+      while( rr>=1.0e+19L  ){ exp++;    rr *= 1.0e-1L;   }
+    }else{
+      while( rr<1.0e-97L   ){ exp-=100; rr *= 1.0e+100L; }
+      while( rr<1.0e+07L   ){ exp-=10;  rr *= 1.0e+10L;  }
+      while( rr<1.0e+17L   ){ exp--;    rr *= 1.0e+1L;   }
+    }
+    v = (u64)rr;
+  }else{
+    /* If high-precision floating point is not available using "long double",
+    ** then use Dekker-style double-double computation to increase the
+    ** precision.
+    **
+    ** The error terms on constants like 1.0e+100 computed using the
+    ** decimal extension, for example as follows:
+    **
+    **   SELECT decimal_exp(decimal_sub('1.0e+100',decimal(1.0e+100)));
+    */
+    double rr[2];
+    rr[0] = r;
+    rr[1] = 0.0;
+    if( rr[0]>9.223372036854774784e+18 ){
+      while( rr[0]>9.223372036854774784e+118 ){
+        exp += 100;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e-100, -1.99918998026028836196e-117);
+      }
+      while( rr[0]>9.223372036854774784e+28 ){
+        exp += 10;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e-10, -3.6432197315497741579e-27);
+      }
+      while( rr[0]>9.223372036854774784e+18 ){
+        exp += 1;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e-01, -5.5511151231257827021e-18);
+      }
+    }else{
+      while( rr[0]<9.223372036854774784e-83  ){
+        exp -= 100;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e+100, -1.5902891109759918046e+83);
+      }
+      while( rr[0]<9.223372036854774784e+07  ){
+        exp -= 10;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e+10, 0.0);
+      }
+      while( rr[0]<9.22337203685477478e+17  ){
+        exp -= 1;
+        dekkerMul2(rr, 1.0e+01, 0.0);
+      }
+    }
+    v = rr[1]<0.0 ? (u64)rr[0]-(u64)(-rr[1]) : (u64)rr[0]+(u64)rr[1];
+  }
+
+
+  /* Extract significant digits. */
+  i = sizeof(p->zBuf)-1;
+  assert( v>0 );
+  while( v ){  p->zBuf[i--] = (v%10) + '0'; v /= 10; }
+  assert( i>=0 && i<sizeof(p->zBuf)-1 );
+  p->n = sizeof(p->zBuf) - 1 - i;
+  assert( p->n>0 );
+  assert( p->n<sizeof(p->zBuf) );
+  p->iDP = p->n + exp;
+  if( iRound<0 ){
+    iRound = p->iDP - iRound;
+    if( iRound==0 && p->zBuf[i+1]>='5' ){
+      iRound = 1;
+      p->zBuf[i--] = '0';
+      p->n++;
+      p->iDP++;
+    }
+  }
+  if( iRound>0 && (iRound<p->n || p->n>mxRound) ){
+    char *z = &p->zBuf[i+1];
+    if( iRound>mxRound ) iRound = mxRound;
+    p->n = iRound;
+    if( z[iRound]>='5' ){
+      int j = iRound-1;
+      while( 1 /*exit-by-break*/ ){
+        z[j]++;
+        if( z[j]<='9' ) break;
+        z[j] = '0';
+        if( j==0 ){
+          p->z[i--] = '1';
+          p->n++;
+          p->iDP++;
+          break;
+        }else{
+          j--;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  p->z = &p->zBuf[i+1];
+  assert( i+p->n < sizeof(p->zBuf) );
+  while( ALWAYS(p->n>0) && p->z[p->n-1]=='0' ){ p->n--; }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Try to convert z into an unsigned 32-bit integer.  Return true on
 ** success and false if there is an error.
@@ -986,7 +1162,7 @@ static int SQLITE_NOINLINE putVarint64(unsigned char *p, u64 v){
       v >>= 7;
     }
     return 9;
-  }    
+  }   
   n = 0;
   do{
     buf[n++] = (u8)((v & 0x7f) | 0x80);
@@ -1186,126 +1362,37 @@ u8 sqlite3GetVarint(const unsigned char *p, u64 *v){
 ** If the varint stored in p[0] is larger than can fit in a 32-bit unsigned
 ** integer, then set *v to 0xffffffff.
 **
-** A MACRO version, getVarint32, is provided which inlines the 
-** single-byte case.  All code should use the MACRO version as 
+** A MACRO version, getVarint32, is provided which inlines the
+** single-byte case.  All code should use the MACRO version as
 ** this function assumes the single-byte case has already been handled.
 */
 u8 sqlite3GetVarint32(const unsigned char *p, u32 *v){
-  u32 a,b;
+  u64 v64;
+  u8 n;
 
-  /* The 1-byte case.  Overwhelmingly the most common.  Handled inline
-  ** by the getVarin32() macro */
-  a = *p;
-  /* a: p0 (unmasked) */
-#ifndef getVarint32
-  if (!(a&0x80))
-  {
-    /* Values between 0 and 127 */
-    *v = a;
-    return 1;
-  }
-#endif
+  /* Assume that the single-byte case has already been handled by
+  ** the getVarint32() macro */
+  assert( (p[0] & 0x80)!=0 );
 
-  /* The 2-byte case */
-  p++;
-  b = *p;
-  /* b: p1 (unmasked) */
-  if (!(b&0x80))
-  {
-    /* Values between 128 and 16383 */
-    a &= 0x7f;
-    a = a<<7;
-    *v = a | b;
+  if( (p[1] & 0x80)==0 ){
+    /* This is the two-byte case */
+    *v = ((p[0]&0x7f)<<7) | p[1];
     return 2;
   }
-
-  /* The 3-byte case */
-  p++;
-  a = a<<14;
-  a |= *p;
-  /* a: p0<<14 | p2 (unmasked) */
-  if (!(a&0x80))
-  {
-    /* Values between 16384 and 2097151 */
-    a &= (0x7f<<14)|(0x7f);
-    b &= 0x7f;
-    b = b<<7;
-    *v = a | b;
+  if( (p[2] & 0x80)==0 ){
+    /* This is the three-byte case */
+    *v = ((p[0]&0x7f)<<14) | ((p[1]&0x7f)<<7) | p[2];
     return 3;
   }
-
-  /* A 32-bit varint is used to store size information in btrees.
-  ** Objects are rarely larger than 2MiB limit of a 3-byte varint.
-  ** A 3-byte varint is sufficient, for example, to record the size
-  ** of a 1048569-byte BLOB or string.
-  **
-  ** We only unroll the first 1-, 2-, and 3- byte cases.  The very
-  ** rare larger cases can be handled by the slower 64-bit varint
-  ** routine.
-  */
-#if 1
-  {
-    u64 v64;
-    u8 n;
-
-    n = sqlite3GetVarint(p-2, &v64);
-    assert( n>3 && n<=9 );
-    if( (v64 & SQLITE_MAX_U32)!=v64 ){
-      *v = 0xffffffff;
-    }else{
-      *v = (u32)v64;
-    }
-    return n;
-  }
-
-#else
-  /* For following code (kept for historical record only) shows an
-  ** unrolling for the 3- and 4-byte varint cases.  This code is
-  ** slightly faster, but it is also larger and much harder to test.
-  */
-  p++;
-  b = b<<14;
-  b |= *p;
-  /* b: p1<<14 | p3 (unmasked) */
-  if (!(b&0x80))
-  {
-    /* Values between 2097152 and 268435455 */
-    b &= (0x7f<<14)|(0x7f);
-    a &= (0x7f<<14)|(0x7f);
-    a = a<<7;
-    *v = a | b;
-    return 4;
-  }
-
-  p++;
-  a = a<<14;
-  a |= *p;
-  /* a: p0<<28 | p2<<14 | p4 (unmasked) */
-  if (!(a&0x80))
-  {
-    /* Values  between 268435456 and 34359738367 */
-    a &= SLOT_4_2_0;
-    b &= SLOT_4_2_0;
-    b = b<<7;
-    *v = a | b;
-    return 5;
-  }
-
-  /* We can only reach this point when reading a corrupt database
-  ** file.  In that case we are not in any hurry.  Use the (relatively
-  ** slow) general-purpose sqlite3GetVarint() routine to extract the
-  ** value. */
-  {
-    u64 v64;
-    u8 n;
-
-    p -= 4;
-    n = sqlite3GetVarint(p, &v64);
-    assert( n>5 && n<=9 );
+  /* four or more bytes */
+  n = sqlite3GetVarint(p, &v64);
+  assert( n>3 && n<=9 );
+  if( (v64 & SQLITE_MAX_U32)!=v64 ){
+    *v = 0xffffffff;
+  }else{
     *v = (u32)v64;
-    return n;
   }
-#endif
+  return n;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1404,7 +1491,7 @@ void *sqlite3HexToBlob(sqlite3 *db, const char *z, int n){
 ** argument.  The zType is a word like "NULL" or "closed" or "invalid".
 */
 static void logBadConnection(const char *zType){
-  sqlite3_log(SQLITE_MISUSE, 
+  sqlite3_log(SQLITE_MISUSE,
      "API call with %s database connection pointer",
      zType
   );
@@ -1456,7 +1543,7 @@ int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3 *db){
 }
 
 /*
-** Attempt to add, substract, or multiply the 64-bit signed value iB against
+** Attempt to add, subtract, or multiply the 64-bit signed value iB against
 ** the other 64-bit signed integer at *pA and store the result in *pA.
 ** Return 0 on success.  Or if the operation would have resulted in an
 ** overflow, leave *pA unchanged and return 1.
@@ -1478,7 +1565,7 @@ int sqlite3AddInt64(i64 *pA, i64 iB){
     if( iA<0 && -(iA + LARGEST_INT64) > iB + 1 ) return 1;
   }
   *pA += iB;
-  return 0; 
+  return 0;
 #endif
 }
 int sqlite3SubInt64(i64 *pA, i64 iB){
@@ -1519,7 +1606,7 @@ int sqlite3MulInt64(i64 *pA, i64 iB){
 }
 
 /*
-** Compute the absolute value of a 32-bit signed integer, of possible.  Or 
+** Compute the absolute value of a 32-bit signed integer, of possible.  Or
 ** if the integer has a value of -2147483648, return +2147483647
 */
 int sqlite3AbsInt32(int x){
@@ -1559,11 +1646,11 @@ void sqlite3FileSuffix3(const char *zBaseFilename, char *z){
 }
 #endif
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Find (an approximate) sum of two LogEst values.  This computation is
 ** not a simple "+" operator because LogEst is stored as a logarithmic
 ** value.
-** 
+**
 */
 LogEst sqlite3LogEstAdd(LogEst a, LogEst b){
   static const unsigned char x[] = {
@@ -1661,8 +1748,8 @@ u64 sqlite3LogEstToInt(LogEst x){
 ** Conceptually:
 **
 **    struct VList {
-**      int nAlloc;   // Number of allocated slots 
-**      int nUsed;    // Number of used slots 
+**      int nAlloc;   // Number of allocated slots
+**      int nUsed;    // Number of used slots
 **      struct VListEntry {
 **        int iValue;    // Value for this entry
 **        int nSlot;     // Slots used by this entry
@@ -1671,7 +1758,7 @@ u64 sqlite3LogEstToInt(LogEst x){
 **    }
 **
 ** During code generation, pointers to the variable names within the
-** VList are taken.  When that happens, nAlloc is set to zero as an 
+** VList are taken.  When that happens, nAlloc is set to zero as an
 ** indication that the VList may never again be enlarged, since the
 ** accompanying realloc() would invalidate the pointers.
 */
@@ -1747,6 +1834,6 @@ int sqlite3VListNameToNum(VList *pIn, const char *zName, int nName){
 */
 #if defined(VDBE_PROFILE)  \
  || defined(SQLITE_PERFORMANCE_TRACE) \
- || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS) 
+ || defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS)
 # include "hwtime.h"
 #endif
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vacuum.c b/sqlite/src/vacuum.c
index 9908cf14..c0ae4bc1 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vacuum.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vacuum.c
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ SQLITE_NOINLINE int sqlite3RunVacuum(
   ** (possibly synchronous) transaction opened on the main database before
   ** sqlite3BtreeCopyFile() is called.
   **
-  ** An optimisation would be to use a non-journaled pager.
+  ** An optimization would be to use a non-journaled pager.
   ** (Later:) I tried setting "PRAGMA vacuum_db.journal_mode=OFF" but
   ** that actually made the VACUUM run slower.  Very little journalling
   ** actually occurs when doing a vacuum since the vacuum_db is initially
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbe.c b/sqlite/src/vdbe.c
index 2aa4e6df..221e8847 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbe.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbe.c
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ static void test_trace_breakpoint(int pc, Op *pOp, Vdbe *v){
 **
 ** In other words, if M is 2, then I is either 0 (for fall-through) or
 ** 1 (for when the branch is taken).  If M is 3, the I is 0 for an
-** ordinary fall-through, I is 1 if the branch was taken, and I is 2 
+** ordinary fall-through, I is 1 if the branch was taken, and I is 2
 ** if the result of comparison is NULL.  For M=3, I=2 the jump may or
 ** may not be taken, depending on the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL flags in p5.
 ** When M is 4, that means that an OP_Jump is being run.  I is 0, 1, or 2
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static VdbeCursor *allocateCursor(
   u8 eCurType           /* Type of the new cursor */
 ){
   /* Find the memory cell that will be used to store the blob of memory
-  ** required for this VdbeCursor structure. It is convenient to use a 
+  ** required for this VdbeCursor structure. It is convenient to use a
   ** vdbe memory cell to manage the memory allocation required for a
   ** VdbeCursor structure for the following reasons:
   **
@@ -268,8 +268,8 @@ static VdbeCursor *allocateCursor(
 
   int nByte;
   VdbeCursor *pCx = 0;
-  nByte = 
-      ROUND8P(sizeof(VdbeCursor)) + 2*sizeof(u32)*nField + 
+  nByte =
+      ROUND8P(sizeof(VdbeCursor)) + 2*sizeof(u32)*nField +
       (eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE?sqlite3BtreeCursorSize():0);
 
   assert( iCur>=0 && iCur<p->nCursor );
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ static void applyNumericAffinity(Mem *pRec, int bTryForInt){
 ** SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER:
 ** SQLITE_AFF_REAL:
 ** SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC:
-**    Try to convert pRec to an integer representation or a 
+**    Try to convert pRec to an integer representation or a
 **    floating-point representation if an integer representation
 **    is not possible.  Note that the integer representation is
 **    always preferred, even if the affinity is REAL, because
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ static void applyAffinity(
   }else if( affinity==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT ){
     /* Only attempt the conversion to TEXT if there is an integer or real
     ** representation (blob and NULL do not get converted) but no string
-    ** representation.  It would be harmless to repeat the conversion if 
+    ** representation.  It would be harmless to repeat the conversion if
     ** there is already a string rep, but it is pointless to waste those
     ** CPU cycles. */
     if( 0==(pRec->flags&MEM_Str) ){ /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE*/
@@ -435,12 +435,12 @@ int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value *pVal){
 }
 
 /*
-** Exported version of applyAffinity(). This one works on sqlite3_value*, 
+** Exported version of applyAffinity(). This one works on sqlite3_value*,
 ** not the internal Mem* type.
 */
 void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(
-  sqlite3_value *pVal, 
-  u8 affinity, 
+  sqlite3_value *pVal,
+  u8 affinity,
   u8 enc
 ){
   applyAffinity((Mem *)pVal, affinity, enc);
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ static u16 SQLITE_NOINLINE computeNumericType(Mem *pMem){
 
 /*
 ** Return the numeric type for pMem, either MEM_Int or MEM_Real or both or
-** none.  
+** none. 
 **
 ** Unlike applyNumericAffinity(), this routine does not modify pMem->flags.
 ** But it does set pMem->u.r and pMem->u.i appropriately.
@@ -556,6 +556,9 @@ void sqlite3VdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem *pMem, StrAccum *pStr){
       sqlite3_str_appendchar(pStr, 1, (c>=0x20&&c<=0x7f) ? c : '.');
     }
     sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "]%s", encnames[pMem->enc]);
+    if( f & MEM_Term ){
+      sqlite3_str_appendf(pStr, "(0-term)");
+    }
   }
 }
 #endif
@@ -628,9 +631,9 @@ void sqlite3VdbeRegisterDump(Vdbe *v){
 /*
 ** This function is only called from within an assert() expression. It
 ** checks that the sqlite3.nTransaction variable is correctly set to
-** the number of non-transaction savepoints currently in the 
+** the number of non-transaction savepoints currently in the
 ** linked list starting at sqlite3.pSavepoint.
-** 
+**
 ** Usage:
 **
 **     assert( checkSavepointCount(db) );
@@ -692,6 +695,93 @@ static u64 filterHash(const Mem *aMem, const Op *pOp){
   return h;
 }
 
+
+/*
+** For OP_Column, factor out the case where content is loaded from
+** overflow pages, so that the code to implement this case is separate
+** the common case where all content fits on the page.  Factoring out
+** the code reduces register pressure and helps the common case
+** to run faster.
+*/
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE int vdbeColumnFromOverflow(
+  VdbeCursor *pC,       /* The BTree cursor from which we are reading */
+  int iCol,             /* The column to read */
+  int t,                /* The serial-type code for the column value */
+  i64 iOffset,          /* Offset to the start of the content value */
+  u32 cacheStatus,      /* Current Vdbe.cacheCtr value */
+  u32 colCacheCtr,      /* Current value of the column cache counter */
+  Mem *pDest            /* Store the value into this register. */
+){
+  int rc;
+  sqlite3 *db = pDest->db;
+  int encoding = pDest->enc;
+  int len = sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(t);
+  assert( pC->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
+  if( len>db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ) return SQLITE_TOOBIG;
+  if( len > 4000 && pC->pKeyInfo==0 ){
+    /* Cache large column values that are on overflow pages using
+    ** an RCStr (reference counted string) so that if they are reloaded,
+    ** that do not have to be copied a second time.  The overhead of
+    ** creating and managing the cache is such that this is only
+    ** profitable for larger TEXT and BLOB values.
+    **
+    ** Only do this on table-btrees so that writes to index-btrees do not
+    ** need to clear the cache.  This buys performance in the common case
+    ** in exchange for generality.
+    */
+    VdbeTxtBlbCache *pCache;
+    char *pBuf;
+    if( pC->colCache==0 ){
+      pC->pCache = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sizeof(VdbeTxtBlbCache) );
+      if( pC->pCache==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      pC->colCache = 1;
+    }
+    pCache = pC->pCache;
+    if( pCache->pCValue==0
+     || pCache->iCol!=iCol
+     || pCache->cacheStatus!=cacheStatus
+     || pCache->colCacheCtr!=colCacheCtr
+     || pCache->iOffset!=sqlite3BtreeOffset(pC->uc.pCursor)
+    ){
+      if( pCache->pCValue ) sqlite3RCStrUnref(pCache->pCValue);
+      pBuf = pCache->pCValue = sqlite3RCStrNew( len+3 );
+      if( pBuf==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+      rc = sqlite3BtreePayload(pC->uc.pCursor, iOffset, len, pBuf);
+      if( rc ) return rc;
+      pBuf[len] = 0;
+      pBuf[len+1] = 0;
+      pBuf[len+2] = 0;
+      pCache->iCol = iCol;
+      pCache->cacheStatus = cacheStatus;
+      pCache->colCacheCtr = colCacheCtr;
+      pCache->iOffset = sqlite3BtreeOffset(pC->uc.pCursor);
+    }else{
+      pBuf = pCache->pCValue;
+    }
+    assert( t>=12 );
+    sqlite3RCStrRef(pBuf);
+    if( t&1 ){
+      rc = sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pDest, pBuf, len, encoding,
+                                sqlite3RCStrUnref);
+      pDest->flags |= MEM_Term;
+    }else{
+      rc = sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pDest, pBuf, len, 0,
+                                sqlite3RCStrUnref);
+    }
+  }else{
+    rc = sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(pC->uc.pCursor, iOffset, len, pDest);
+    if( rc ) return rc;
+    sqlite3VdbeSerialGet((const u8*)pDest->z, t, pDest);
+    if( (t&1)!=0 && encoding==SQLITE_UTF8 ){
+      pDest->z[len] = 0;
+      pDest->flags |= MEM_Term;
+    }
+  }
+  pDest->flags &= ~MEM_Ephem;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Return the symbolic name for the data type of a pMem
 */
@@ -708,7 +798,7 @@ static const char *vdbeMemTypeName(Mem *pMem){
 
 /*
 ** Execute as much of a VDBE program as we can.
-** This is the core of sqlite3_step().  
+** This is the core of sqlite3_step(). 
 */
 int sqlite3VdbeExec(
   Vdbe *p                    /* The VDBE */
@@ -734,6 +824,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeExec(
   Mem *pIn2 = 0;             /* 2nd input operand */
   Mem *pIn3 = 0;             /* 3rd input operand */
   Mem *pOut = 0;             /* Output operand */
+  u32 colCacheCtr = 0;       /* Column cache counter */
 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
   u64 *pnCycle = 0;
   int bStmtScanStatus = IS_STMT_SCANSTATUS(db)!=0;
@@ -822,7 +913,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeExec(
       test_trace_breakpoint((int)(pOp - aOp),pOp,p);
     }
 #endif
-      
+     
 
     /* Check to see if we need to simulate an interrupt.  This only happens
     ** if we have a special test build.
@@ -876,7 +967,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeExec(
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
     pOrigOp = pOp;
 #endif
-  
+ 
     switch( pOp->opcode ){
 
 /*****************************************************************************
@@ -917,7 +1008,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeExec(
 /* Opcode:  Goto * P2 * * *
 **
 ** An unconditional jump to address P2.
-** The next instruction executed will be 
+** The next instruction executed will be
 ** the one at index P2 from the beginning of
 ** the program.
 **
@@ -929,8 +1020,8 @@ int sqlite3VdbeExec(
 case OP_Goto: {             /* jump */
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-  /* In debuggging mode, when the p5 flags is set on an OP_Goto, that
-  ** means we should really jump back to the preceeding OP_ReleaseReg
+  /* In debugging mode, when the p5 flags is set on an OP_Goto, that
+  ** means we should really jump back to the preceding OP_ReleaseReg
   ** instruction. */
   if( pOp->p5 ){
     assert( pOp->p2 < (int)(pOp - aOp) );
@@ -947,7 +1038,7 @@ case OP_Goto: {             /* jump */
   /* Opcodes that are used as the bottom of a loop (OP_Next, OP_Prev,
   ** OP_VNext, or OP_SorterNext) all jump here upon
   ** completion.  Check to see if sqlite3_interrupt() has been called
-  ** or if the progress callback needs to be invoked. 
+  ** or if the progress callback needs to be invoked.
   **
   ** This code uses unstructured "goto" statements and does not look clean.
   ** But that is not due to sloppy coding habits. The code is written this
@@ -973,7 +1064,7 @@ case OP_Goto: {             /* jump */
     }
   }
 #endif
-  
+ 
   break;
 }
 
@@ -1131,14 +1222,14 @@ case OP_HaltIfNull: {      /* in3 */
 ** whether or not to rollback the current transaction.  Do not rollback
 ** if P2==OE_Fail. Do the rollback if P2==OE_Rollback.  If P2==OE_Abort,
 ** then back out all changes that have occurred during this execution of the
-** VDBE, but do not rollback the transaction. 
+** VDBE, but do not rollback the transaction.
 **
 ** If P4 is not null then it is an error message string.
 **
 ** P5 is a value between 0 and 4, inclusive, that modifies the P4 string.
 **
 **    0:  (no change)
-**    1:  NOT NULL contraint failed: P4
+**    1:  NOT NULL constraint failed: P4
 **    2:  UNIQUE constraint failed: P4
 **    3:  CHECK constraint failed: P4
 **    4:  FOREIGN KEY constraint failed: P4
@@ -1171,7 +1262,7 @@ case OP_Halt: {
     sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(db, p->nChange);
     pcx = sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(pFrame);
     if( pOp->p2==OE_Ignore ){
-      /* Instruction pcx is the OP_Program that invoked the sub-program 
+      /* Instruction pcx is the OP_Program that invoked the sub-program
       ** currently being halted. If the p2 instruction of this OP_Halt
       ** instruction is set to OE_Ignore, then the sub-program is throwing
       ** an IGNORE exception. In this case jump to the address specified
@@ -1259,7 +1350,7 @@ case OP_Real: {            /* same as TK_FLOAT, out2 */
 /* Opcode: String8 * P2 * P4 *
 ** Synopsis: r[P2]='P4'
 **
-** P4 points to a nul terminated UTF-8 string. This opcode is transformed 
+** P4 points to a nul terminated UTF-8 string. This opcode is transformed
 ** into a String opcode before it is executed for the first time.  During
 ** this transformation, the length of string P4 is computed and stored
 ** as the P1 parameter.
@@ -1295,7 +1386,7 @@ case OP_String8: {         /* same as TK_STRING, out2 */
   /* Fall through to the next case, OP_String */
   /* no break */ deliberate_fall_through
 }
-  
+ 
 /* Opcode: String P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
 ** Synopsis: r[P2]='P4' (len=P1)
 **
@@ -1579,7 +1670,7 @@ case OP_IntCopy: {            /* out2 */
 **
 ** FK constraint violations are also checked when the prepared statement
 ** exits.  This opcode is used to raise foreign key constraint errors prior
-** to returning results such as a row change count or the result of a 
+** to returning results such as a row change count or the result of a
 ** RETURNING clause.
 */
 case OP_FkCheck: {
@@ -1727,15 +1818,15 @@ case OP_Concat: {           /* same as TK_CONCAT, in1, in2, out3 */
 ** Synopsis: r[P3]=r[P2]/r[P1]
 **
 ** Divide the value in register P1 by the value in register P2
-** and store the result in register P3 (P3=P2/P1). If the value in 
-** register P1 is zero, then the result is NULL. If either input is 
+** and store the result in register P3 (P3=P2/P1). If the value in
+** register P1 is zero, then the result is NULL. If either input is
 ** NULL, the result is NULL.
 */
 /* Opcode: Remainder P1 P2 P3 * *
 ** Synopsis: r[P3]=r[P2]%r[P1]
 **
-** Compute the remainder after integer register P2 is divided by 
-** register P1 and store the result in register P3. 
+** Compute the remainder after integer register P2 is divided by
+** register P1 and store the result in register P3.
 ** If the value in register P1 is zero the result is NULL.
 ** If either operand is NULL, the result is NULL.
 */
@@ -1932,7 +2023,7 @@ case OP_ShiftRight: {           /* same as TK_RSHIFT, in1, in2, out3 */
 
 /* Opcode: AddImm  P1 P2 * * *
 ** Synopsis: r[P1]=r[P1]+P2
-** 
+**
 ** Add the constant P2 to the value in register P1.
 ** The result is always an integer.
 **
@@ -1947,7 +2038,7 @@ case OP_AddImm: {            /* in1 */
 }
 
 /* Opcode: MustBeInt P1 P2 * * *
-** 
+**
 ** Force the value in register P1 to be an integer.  If the value
 ** in P1 is not an integer and cannot be converted into an integer
 ** without data loss, then jump immediately to P2, or if P2==0
@@ -1999,7 +2090,7 @@ case OP_RealAffinity: {                  /* in1 */
 ** Synopsis: affinity(r[P1])
 **
 ** Force the value in register P1 to be the type defined by P2.
-** 
+**
 ** <ul>
 ** <li> P2=='A' &rarr; BLOB
 ** <li> P2=='B' &rarr; TEXT
@@ -2033,17 +2124,17 @@ case OP_Cast: {                  /* in1 */
 ** Synopsis: IF r[P3]==r[P1]
 **
 ** Compare the values in register P1 and P3.  If reg(P3)==reg(P1) then
-** jump to address P2. 
+** jump to address P2.
 **
 ** The SQLITE_AFF_MASK portion of P5 must be an affinity character -
-** SQLITE_AFF_TEXT, SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER, and so forth. An attempt is made 
+** SQLITE_AFF_TEXT, SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER, and so forth. An attempt is made
 ** to coerce both inputs according to this affinity before the
 ** comparison is made. If the SQLITE_AFF_MASK is 0x00, then numeric
 ** affinity is used. Note that the affinity conversions are stored
 ** back into the input registers P1 and P3.  So this opcode can cause
 ** persistent changes to registers P1 and P3.
 **
-** Once any conversions have taken place, and neither value is NULL, 
+** Once any conversions have taken place, and neither value is NULL,
 ** the values are compared. If both values are blobs then memcmp() is
 ** used to determine the results of the comparison.  If both values
 ** are text, then the appropriate collating function specified in
@@ -2076,18 +2167,18 @@ case OP_Cast: {                  /* in1 */
 ** jump to address P2.
 **
 ** If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL bit of P5 is set and either reg(P1) or
-** reg(P3) is NULL then the take the jump.  If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL 
+** reg(P3) is NULL then the take the jump.  If the SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL
 ** bit is clear then fall through if either operand is NULL.
 **
 ** The SQLITE_AFF_MASK portion of P5 must be an affinity character -
-** SQLITE_AFF_TEXT, SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER, and so forth. An attempt is made 
+** SQLITE_AFF_TEXT, SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER, and so forth. An attempt is made
 ** to coerce both inputs according to this affinity before the
 ** comparison is made. If the SQLITE_AFF_MASK is 0x00, then numeric
 ** affinity is used. Note that the affinity conversions are stored
 ** back into the input registers P1 and P3.  So this opcode can cause
 ** persistent changes to registers P1 and P3.
 **
-** Once any conversions have taken place, and neither value is NULL, 
+** Once any conversions have taken place, and neither value is NULL,
 ** the values are compared. If both values are blobs then memcmp() is
 ** used to determine the results of the comparison.  If both values
 ** are text, then the appropriate collating function specified in
@@ -2267,12 +2358,12 @@ case OP_Ge: {             /* same as TK_GE, jump, in1, in3 */
 ** This opcode must follow an OP_Lt or OP_Gt comparison operator.  There
 ** can be zero or more OP_ReleaseReg opcodes intervening, but no other
 ** opcodes are allowed to occur between this instruction and the previous
-** OP_Lt or OP_Gt. 
+** OP_Lt or OP_Gt.
 **
-** If result of an OP_Eq comparison on the same two operands as the
-** prior OP_Lt or OP_Gt would have been true, then jump to P2.
-** If the result of an OP_Eq comparison on the two previous
-** operands would have been false or NULL, then fall through.
+** If the result of an OP_Eq comparison on the same two operands as
+** the prior OP_Lt or OP_Gt would have been true, then jump to P2.  If
+** the result of an OP_Eq comparison on the two previous operands
+** would have been false or NULL, then fall through.
 */
 case OP_ElseEq: {       /* same as TK_ESCAPE, jump */
 
@@ -2383,7 +2474,7 @@ case OP_Compare: {
     iCompare = sqlite3MemCompare(&aMem[p1+idx], &aMem[p2+idx], pColl);
     VVA_ONLY( iCompareIsInit = 1; )
     if( iCompare ){
-      if( (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[i] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL) 
+      if( (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[i] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL)
        && ((aMem[p1+idx].flags & MEM_Null) || (aMem[p2+idx].flags & MEM_Null))
       ){
         iCompare = -iCompare;
@@ -2468,13 +2559,13 @@ case OP_Or: {             /* same as TK_OR, in1, in2, out3 */
 ** IS NOT FALSE operators.
 **
 ** Interpret the value in register P1 as a boolean value.  Store that
-** boolean (a 0 or 1) in register P2.  Or if the value in register P1 is 
+** boolean (a 0 or 1) in register P2.  Or if the value in register P1 is
 ** NULL, then the P3 is stored in register P2.  Invert the answer if P4
 ** is 1.
 **
 ** The logic is summarized like this:
 **
-** <ul> 
+** <ul>
 ** <li> If P3==0 and P4==0  then  r[P2] := r[P1] IS TRUE
 ** <li> If P3==1 and P4==1  then  r[P2] := r[P1] IS FALSE
 ** <li> If P3==0 and P4==1  then  r[P2] := r[P1] IS NOT TRUE
@@ -2494,7 +2585,7 @@ case OP_IsTrue: {               /* in1, out2 */
 ** Synopsis: r[P2]= !r[P1]
 **
 ** Interpret the value in register P1 as a boolean value.  Store the
-** boolean complement in register P2.  If the value in register P1 is 
+** boolean complement in register P2.  If the value in register P1 is
 ** NULL, then a NULL is stored in P2.
 */
 case OP_Not: {                /* same as TK_NOT, in1, out2 */
@@ -2702,7 +2793,7 @@ case OP_IsType: {        /* jump */
 /* Opcode: ZeroOrNull P1 P2 P3 * *
 ** Synopsis: r[P2] = 0 OR NULL
 **
-** If all both registers P1 and P3 are NOT NULL, then store a zero in
+** If both registers P1 and P3 are NOT NULL, then store a zero in
 ** register P2.  If either registers P1 or P3 are NULL then put
 ** a NULL in register P2.
 */
@@ -2720,7 +2811,7 @@ case OP_ZeroOrNull: {            /* in1, in2, out2, in3 */
 /* Opcode: NotNull P1 P2 * * *
 ** Synopsis: if r[P1]!=NULL goto P2
 **
-** Jump to P2 if the value in register P1 is not NULL.  
+** Jump to P2 if the value in register P1 is not NULL. 
 */
 case OP_NotNull: {            /* same as TK_NOTNULL, jump, in1 */
   pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
@@ -2796,7 +2887,7 @@ case OP_Offset: {          /* out3 */
 ** Interpret the data that cursor P1 points to as a structure built using
 ** the MakeRecord instruction.  (See the MakeRecord opcode for additional
 ** information about the format of the data.)  Extract the P2-th column
-** from this record.  If there are less than (P2+1) 
+** from this record.  If there are less than (P2+1)
 ** values in the record, extract a NULL.
 **
 ** The value extracted is stored in register P3.
@@ -2942,7 +3033,7 @@ case OP_Column: {            /* ncycle */
   */
   if( pC->nHdrParsed<=p2 ){
     /* If there is more header available for parsing in the record, try
-    ** to extract additional fields up through the p2+1-th field 
+    ** to extract additional fields up through the p2+1-th field
     */
     if( pC->iHdrOffset<aOffset[0] ){
       /* Make sure zData points to enough of the record to cover the header. */
@@ -2954,7 +3045,7 @@ case OP_Column: {            /* ncycle */
       }else{
         zData = pC->aRow;
       }
-  
+ 
       /* Fill in pC->aType[i] and aOffset[i] values through the p2-th field. */
     op_column_read_header:
       i = pC->nHdrParsed;
@@ -3056,18 +3147,23 @@ case OP_Column: {            /* ncycle */
       pDest->flags = aFlag[t&1];
     }
   }else{
+    u8 p5;
     pDest->enc = encoding;
+    assert( pDest->db==db );
     /* This branch happens only when content is on overflow pages */
-    if( ((pOp->p5 & (OPFLAG_LENGTHARG|OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG))!=0
-          && ((t>=12 && (t&1)==0) || (pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG)!=0))
-     || (len = sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(t))==0
+    if( ((p5 = (pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_BYTELENARG))!=0
+          && (p5==OPFLAG_TYPEOFARG
+              || (t>=12 && ((t&1)==0 || p5==OPFLAG_BYTELENARG))
+             )
+        )
+     || sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(t)==0
     ){
       /* Content is irrelevant for
       **    1. the typeof() function,
       **    2. the length(X) function if X is a blob, and
       **    3. if the content length is zero.
       ** So we might as well use bogus content rather than reading
-      ** content from disk. 
+      ** content from disk.
       **
       ** Although sqlite3VdbeSerialGet() may read at most 8 bytes from the
       ** buffer passed to it, debugging function VdbeMemPrettyPrint() may
@@ -3077,11 +3173,13 @@ case OP_Column: {            /* ncycle */
       */
       sqlite3VdbeSerialGet((u8*)sqlite3CtypeMap, t, pDest);
     }else{
-      if( len>db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ) goto too_big;
-      rc = sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(pC->uc.pCursor, aOffset[p2], len, pDest);
-      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto abort_due_to_error;
-      sqlite3VdbeSerialGet((const u8*)pDest->z, t, pDest);
-      pDest->flags &= ~MEM_Ephem;
+      rc = vdbeColumnFromOverflow(pC, p2, t, aOffset[p2],
+                p->cacheCtr, colCacheCtr, pDest);
+      if( rc ){
+        if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM ) goto no_mem;
+        if( rc==SQLITE_TOOBIG ) goto too_big;
+        goto abort_due_to_error;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -3298,13 +3396,13 @@ case OP_MakeRecord: {
   ** like this:
   **
   ** ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  ** | hdr-size | type 0 | type 1 | ... | type N-1 | data0 | ... | data N-1 | 
+  ** | hdr-size | type 0 | type 1 | ... | type N-1 | data0 | ... | data N-1 |
   ** ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   **
   ** Data(0) is taken from register P1.  Data(1) comes from register P1+1
   ** and so forth.
   **
-  ** Each type field is a varint representing the serial type of the 
+  ** Each type field is a varint representing the serial type of the
   ** corresponding data element (see sqlite3VdbeSerialType()). The
   ** hdr-size field is also a varint which is the offset from the beginning
   ** of the record to data0.
@@ -3494,7 +3592,7 @@ case OP_MakeRecord: {
   }
   nByte = nHdr+nData;
 
-  /* Make sure the output register has a buffer large enough to store 
+  /* Make sure the output register has a buffer large enough to store
   ** the new record. The output register (pOp->p3) is not allowed to
   ** be one of the input registers (because the following call to
   ** sqlite3VdbeMemClearAndResize() could clobber the value before it is used).
@@ -3543,7 +3641,6 @@ case OP_MakeRecord: {
         /* NULL value.  No change in zPayload */
       }else{
         u64 v;
-        u32 i;
         if( serial_type==7 ){
           assert( sizeof(v)==sizeof(pRec->u.r) );
           memcpy(&v, &pRec->u.r, sizeof(v));
@@ -3551,12 +3648,17 @@ case OP_MakeRecord: {
         }else{
           v = pRec->u.i;
         }
-        len = i = sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[serial_type];
-        assert( i>0 );
-        while( 1 /*exit-by-break*/ ){
-          zPayload[--i] = (u8)(v&0xFF);
-          if( i==0 ) break;
-          v >>= 8;
+        len = sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[serial_type];
+        assert( len>=1 && len<=8 && len!=5 && len!=7 );
+        switch( len ){
+          default: zPayload[7] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+                   zPayload[6] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+          case 6:  zPayload[5] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+                   zPayload[4] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+          case 4:  zPayload[3] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+          case 3:  zPayload[2] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+          case 2:  zPayload[1] = (u8)(v&0xff); v >>= 8;
+          case 1:  zPayload[0] = (u8)(v&0xff);
         }
         zPayload += len;
       }
@@ -3589,12 +3691,12 @@ case OP_MakeRecord: {
 /* Opcode: Count P1 P2 P3 * *
 ** Synopsis: r[P2]=count()
 **
-** Store the number of entries (an integer value) in the table or index 
+** Store the number of entries (an integer value) in the table or index
 ** opened by cursor P1 in register P2.
 **
 ** If P3==0, then an exact count is obtained, which involves visiting
 ** every btree page of the table.  But if P3 is non-zero, an estimate
-** is returned based on the current cursor position.  
+** is returned based on the current cursor position. 
 */
 case OP_Count: {         /* out2 */
   i64 nEntry;
@@ -3636,7 +3738,7 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
   zName = pOp->p4.z;
 
   /* Assert that the p1 parameter is valid. Also that if there is no open
-  ** transaction, then there cannot be any savepoints. 
+  ** transaction, then there cannot be any savepoints.
   */
   assert( db->pSavepoint==0 || db->autoCommit==0 );
   assert( p1==SAVEPOINT_BEGIN||p1==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE||p1==SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK );
@@ -3646,7 +3748,7 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
 
   if( p1==SAVEPOINT_BEGIN ){
     if( db->nVdbeWrite>0 ){
-      /* A new savepoint cannot be created if there are active write 
+      /* A new savepoint cannot be created if there are active write
       ** statements (i.e. open read/write incremental blob handles).
       */
       sqlite3VdbeError(p, "cannot open savepoint - SQL statements in progress");
@@ -3670,7 +3772,7 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
       if( pNew ){
         pNew->zName = (char *)&pNew[1];
         memcpy(pNew->zName, zName, nName+1);
-    
+   
         /* If there is no open transaction, then mark this as a special
         ** "transaction savepoint". */
         if( db->autoCommit ){
@@ -3694,7 +3796,7 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
     /* Find the named savepoint. If there is no such savepoint, then an
     ** an error is returned to the user.  */
     for(
-      pSavepoint = db->pSavepoint; 
+      pSavepoint = db->pSavepoint;
       pSavepoint && sqlite3StrICmp(pSavepoint->zName, zName);
       pSavepoint = pSavepoint->pNext
     ){
@@ -3704,7 +3806,7 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
       sqlite3VdbeError(p, "no such savepoint: %s", zName);
       rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
     }else if( db->nVdbeWrite>0 && p1==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE ){
-      /* It is not possible to release (commit) a savepoint if there are 
+      /* It is not possible to release (commit) a savepoint if there are
       ** active write statements.
       */
       sqlite3VdbeError(p, "cannot release savepoint - "
@@ -3713,8 +3815,8 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
     }else{
 
       /* Determine whether or not this is a transaction savepoint. If so,
-      ** and this is a RELEASE command, then the current transaction 
-      ** is committed. 
+      ** and this is a RELEASE command, then the current transaction
+      ** is committed.
       */
       int isTransaction = pSavepoint->pNext==0 && db->isTransactionSavepoint;
       if( isTransaction && p1==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE ){
@@ -3762,8 +3864,8 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
         }
       }
       if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
-  
-      /* Regardless of whether this is a RELEASE or ROLLBACK, destroy all 
+ 
+      /* Regardless of whether this is a RELEASE or ROLLBACK, destroy all
       ** savepoints nested inside of the savepoint being operated on. */
       while( db->pSavepoint!=pSavepoint ){
         pTmp = db->pSavepoint;
@@ -3772,8 +3874,8 @@ case OP_Savepoint: {
         db->nSavepoint--;
       }
 
-      /* If it is a RELEASE, then destroy the savepoint being operated on 
-      ** too. If it is a ROLLBACK TO, then set the number of deferred 
+      /* If it is a RELEASE, then destroy the savepoint being operated on
+      ** too. If it is a ROLLBACK TO, then set the number of deferred
       ** constraint violations present in the database to the value stored
       ** when the savepoint was created.  */
       if( p1==SAVEPOINT_RELEASE ){
@@ -3830,7 +3932,7 @@ case OP_AutoCommit: {
       db->autoCommit = 1;
     }else if( desiredAutoCommit && db->nVdbeWrite>0 ){
       /* If this instruction implements a COMMIT and other VMs are writing
-      ** return an error indicating that the other VMs must complete first. 
+      ** return an error indicating that the other VMs must complete first.
       */
       sqlite3VdbeError(p, "cannot commit transaction - "
                           "SQL statements in progress");
@@ -3859,7 +3961,7 @@ case OP_AutoCommit: {
         (!desiredAutoCommit)?"cannot start a transaction within a transaction":(
         (iRollback)?"cannot rollback - no transaction is active":
                    "cannot commit - no transaction is active"));
-         
+        
     rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
     goto abort_due_to_error;
   }
@@ -3870,7 +3972,7 @@ case OP_AutoCommit: {
 **
 ** Begin a transaction on database P1 if a transaction is not already
 ** active.
-** If P2 is non-zero, then a write-transaction is started, or if a 
+** If P2 is non-zero, then a write-transaction is started, or if a
 ** read-transaction is already active, it is upgraded to a write-transaction.
 ** If P2 is zero, then a read-transaction is started.  If P2 is 2 or more
 ** then an exclusive transaction is started.
@@ -3941,12 +4043,12 @@ case OP_Transaction: {
 
     if( p->usesStmtJournal
      && pOp->p2
-     && (db->autoCommit==0 || db->nVdbeRead>1) 
+     && (db->autoCommit==0 || db->nVdbeRead>1)
     ){
       assert( sqlite3BtreeTxnState(pBt)==SQLITE_TXN_WRITE );
       if( p->iStatement==0 ){
         assert( db->nStatement>=0 && db->nSavepoint>=0 );
-        db->nStatement++; 
+        db->nStatement++;
         p->iStatement = db->nSavepoint + db->nStatement;
       }
 
@@ -3974,7 +4076,7 @@ case OP_Transaction: {
     */
     sqlite3DbFree(db, p->zErrMsg);
     p->zErrMsg = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, "database schema has changed");
-    /* If the schema-cookie from the database file matches the cookie 
+    /* If the schema-cookie from the database file matches the cookie
     ** stored with the in-memory representation of the schema, do
     ** not reload the schema from the database file.
     **
@@ -3984,7 +4086,7 @@ case OP_Transaction: {
     ** prepared queries. If such a query is out-of-date, we do not want to
     ** discard the database schema, as the user code implementing the
     ** v-table would have to be ready for the sqlite3_vtab structure itself
-    ** to be invalidated whenever sqlite3_step() is called from within 
+    ** to be invalidated whenever sqlite3_step() is called from within
     ** a v-table method.
     */
     if( db->aDb[pOp->p1].pSchema->schema_cookie!=iMeta ){
@@ -4037,8 +4139,8 @@ case OP_ReadCookie: {               /* out2 */
 **
 ** Write the integer value P3 into cookie number P2 of database P1.
 ** P2==1 is the schema version.  P2==2 is the database format.
-** P2==3 is the recommended pager cache 
-** size, and so forth.  P1==0 is the main database file and P1==1 is the 
+** P2==3 is the recommended pager cache
+** size, and so forth.  P1==0 is the main database file and P1==1 is the
 ** database file used to store temporary tables.
 **
 ** A transaction must be started before executing this opcode.
@@ -4084,8 +4186,8 @@ case OP_SetCookie: {
 ** Synopsis: root=P2 iDb=P3
 **
 ** Open a read-only cursor for the database table whose root page is
-** P2 in a database file.  The database file is determined by P3. 
-** P3==0 means the main database, P3==1 means the database used for 
+** P2 in a database file.  The database file is determined by P3.
+** P3==0 means the main database, P3==1 means the database used for
 ** temporary tables, and P3>1 means used the corresponding attached
 ** database.  Give the new cursor an identifier of P1.  The P1
 ** values need not be contiguous but all P1 values should be small integers.
@@ -4099,10 +4201,10 @@ case OP_SetCookie: {
 ** </ul>
 **
 ** The P4 value may be either an integer (P4_INT32) or a pointer to
-** a KeyInfo structure (P4_KEYINFO). If it is a pointer to a KeyInfo 
+** a KeyInfo structure (P4_KEYINFO). If it is a pointer to a KeyInfo
 ** object, then table being opened must be an [index b-tree] where the
-** KeyInfo object defines the content and collating 
-** sequence of that index b-tree. Otherwise, if P4 is an integer 
+** KeyInfo object defines the content and collating
+** sequence of that index b-tree. Otherwise, if P4 is an integer
 ** value, then the table being opened must be a [table b-tree] with a
 ** number of columns no less than the value of P4.
 **
@@ -4138,10 +4240,10 @@ case OP_SetCookie: {
 ** OPFLAG_P2ISREG bit is set in P5 - see below).
 **
 ** The P4 value may be either an integer (P4_INT32) or a pointer to
-** a KeyInfo structure (P4_KEYINFO). If it is a pointer to a KeyInfo 
+** a KeyInfo structure (P4_KEYINFO). If it is a pointer to a KeyInfo
 ** object, then table being opened must be an [index b-tree] where the
-** KeyInfo object defines the content and collating 
-** sequence of that index b-tree. Otherwise, if P4 is an integer 
+** KeyInfo object defines the content and collating
+** sequence of that index b-tree. Otherwise, if P4 is an integer
 ** value, then the table being opened must be a [table b-tree] with a
 ** number of columns no less than the value of P4.
 **
@@ -4257,7 +4359,7 @@ case OP_OpenWrite:
   /* Set the VdbeCursor.isTable variable. Previous versions of
   ** SQLite used to check if the root-page flags were sane at this point
   ** and report database corruption if they were not, but this check has
-  ** since moved into the btree layer.  */  
+  ** since moved into the btree layer.  */ 
   pCur->isTable = pOp->p4type!=P4_KEYINFO;
 
 open_cursor_set_hints:
@@ -4298,7 +4400,7 @@ case OP_OpenDup: {           /* ncycle */
   pCx->ub.pBtx = pOrig->ub.pBtx;
   pCx->noReuse = 1;
   pOrig->noReuse = 1;
-  rc = sqlite3BtreeCursor(pCx->ub.pBtx, pCx->pgnoRoot, BTREE_WRCSR, 
+  rc = sqlite3BtreeCursor(pCx->ub.pBtx, pCx->pgnoRoot, BTREE_WRCSR,
                           pCx->pKeyInfo, pCx->uc.pCursor);
   /* The sqlite3BtreeCursor() routine can only fail for the first cursor
   ** opened for a database.  Since there is already an open cursor when this
@@ -4312,7 +4414,7 @@ case OP_OpenDup: {           /* ncycle */
 ** Synopsis: nColumn=P2
 **
 ** Open a new cursor P1 to a transient table.
-** The cursor is always opened read/write even if 
+** The cursor is always opened read/write even if
 ** the main database is read-only.  The ephemeral
 ** table is deleted automatically when the cursor is closed.
 **
@@ -4346,7 +4448,7 @@ case OP_OpenEphemeral: {     /* ncycle */
   VdbeCursor *pCx;
   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;
 
-  static const int vfsFlags = 
+  static const int vfsFlags =
       SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE |
       SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE |
       SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE |
@@ -4365,7 +4467,7 @@ case OP_OpenEphemeral: {     /* ncycle */
   }
   pCx = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
   if( pCx && !pCx->noReuse &&  ALWAYS(pOp->p2<=pCx->nField) ){
-    /* If the ephermeral table is already open and has no duplicates from
+    /* If the ephemeral table is already open and has no duplicates from
     ** OP_OpenDup, then erase all existing content so that the table is
     ** empty again, rather than creating a new table. */
     assert( pCx->isEphemeral );
@@ -4376,7 +4478,7 @@ case OP_OpenEphemeral: {     /* ncycle */
     pCx = allocateCursor(p, pOp->p1, pOp->p2, CURTYPE_BTREE);
     if( pCx==0 ) goto no_mem;
     pCx->isEphemeral = 1;
-    rc = sqlite3BtreeOpen(db->pVfs, 0, db, &pCx->ub.pBtx, 
+    rc = sqlite3BtreeOpen(db->pVfs, 0, db, &pCx->ub.pBtx,
                           BTREE_OMIT_JOURNAL | BTREE_SINGLE | pOp->p5,
                           vfsFlags);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -4390,7 +4492,7 @@ case OP_OpenEphemeral: {     /* ncycle */
         if( (pCx->pKeyInfo = pKeyInfo = pOp->p4.pKeyInfo)!=0 ){
           assert( pOp->p4type==P4_KEYINFO );
           rc = sqlite3BtreeCreateTable(pCx->ub.pBtx, &pCx->pgnoRoot,
-              BTREE_BLOBKEY | pOp->p5); 
+              BTREE_BLOBKEY | pOp->p5);
           if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
             assert( pCx->pgnoRoot==SCHEMA_ROOT+1 );
             assert( pKeyInfo->db==db );
@@ -4465,7 +4567,7 @@ case OP_SequenceTest: {
 **
 ** Open a new cursor that points to a fake table that contains a single
 ** row of data.  The content of that one row is the content of memory
-** register P2.  In other words, cursor P1 becomes an alias for the 
+** register P2.  In other words, cursor P1 becomes an alias for the
 ** MEM_Blob content contained in register P2.
 **
 ** A pseudo-table created by this opcode is used to hold a single
@@ -4530,13 +4632,13 @@ case OP_ColumnsUsed: {
 /* Opcode: SeekGE P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
-** use the value in register P3 as the key.  If cursor P1 refers 
-** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
-** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
+** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys),
+** use the value in register P3 as the key.  If cursor P1 refers
+** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers
+** that are used as an unpacked index key.
 **
-** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the smallest entry that 
-** is greater than or equal to the key value. If there are no records 
+** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the smallest entry that
+** is greater than or equal to the key value. If there are no records
 ** greater than or equal to the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
 **
 ** If the cursor P1 was opened using the OPFLAG_SEEKEQ flag, then this
@@ -4544,7 +4646,7 @@ case OP_ColumnsUsed: {
 ** else it will cause a jump to P2.  When the cursor is OPFLAG_SEEKEQ,
 ** this opcode must be followed by an IdxLE opcode with the same arguments.
 ** The IdxGT opcode will be skipped if this opcode succeeds, but the
-** IdxGT opcode will be used on subsequent loop iterations.  The 
+** IdxGT opcode will be used on subsequent loop iterations.  The
 ** OPFLAG_SEEKEQ flags is a hint to the btree layer to say that this
 ** is an equality search.
 **
@@ -4557,13 +4659,13 @@ case OP_ColumnsUsed: {
 /* Opcode: SeekGT P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
-** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
-** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
-** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
+** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys),
+** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers
+** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers
+** that are used as an unpacked index key.
 **
-** Reposition cursor P1 so that it points to the smallest entry that 
-** is greater than the key value. If there are no records greater than 
+** Reposition cursor P1 so that it points to the smallest entry that
+** is greater than the key value. If there are no records greater than
 ** the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
 **
 ** This opcode leaves the cursor configured to move in forward order,
@@ -4572,16 +4674,16 @@ case OP_ColumnsUsed: {
 **
 ** See also: Found, NotFound, SeekLt, SeekGe, SeekLe
 */
-/* Opcode: SeekLT P1 P2 P3 P4 * 
+/* Opcode: SeekLT P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
-** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
-** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
-** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
+** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys),
+** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers
+** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers
+** that are used as an unpacked index key.
 **
-** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the largest entry that 
-** is less than the key value. If there are no records less than 
+** Reposition cursor P1 so that  it points to the largest entry that
+** is less than the key value. If there are no records less than
 ** the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
 **
 ** This opcode leaves the cursor configured to move in reverse order,
@@ -4593,13 +4695,13 @@ case OP_ColumnsUsed: {
 /* Opcode: SeekLE P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys), 
-** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers 
-** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers 
-** that are used as an unpacked index key. 
+** If cursor P1 refers to an SQL table (B-Tree that uses integer keys),
+** use the value in register P3 as a key. If cursor P1 refers
+** to an SQL index, then P3 is the first in an array of P4 registers
+** that are used as an unpacked index key.
 **
-** Reposition cursor P1 so that it points to the largest entry that 
-** is less than or equal to the key value. If there are no records 
+** Reposition cursor P1 so that it points to the largest entry that
+** is less than or equal to the key value. If there are no records
 ** less than or equal to the key and P2 is not zero, then jump to P2.
 **
 ** This opcode leaves the cursor configured to move in reverse order,
@@ -4611,7 +4713,7 @@ case OP_ColumnsUsed: {
 ** else it will cause a jump to P2.  When the cursor is OPFLAG_SEEKEQ,
 ** this opcode must be followed by an IdxLE opcode with the same arguments.
 ** The IdxGE opcode will be skipped if this opcode succeeds, but the
-** IdxGE opcode will be used on subsequent loop iterations.  The 
+** IdxGE opcode will be used on subsequent loop iterations.  The
 ** OPFLAG_SEEKEQ flags is a hint to the btree layer to say that this
 ** is an equality search.
 **
@@ -4856,7 +4958,7 @@ case OP_SeekGT: {       /* jump, in3, group, ncycle */
 ** row.  If This.P5 is false (0) then a jump is made to SeekGE.P2.  If
 ** This.P5 is true (non-zero) then a jump is made to This.P2.  The P5==0
 ** case occurs when there are no inequality constraints to the right of
-** the IN constraing.  The jump to SeekGE.P2 ends the loop.  The P5!=0 case
+** the IN constraint.  The jump to SeekGE.P2 ends the loop.  The P5!=0 case
 ** occurs when there are inequality constraints to the right of the IN
 ** operator.  In that case, the This.P2 will point either directly to or
 ** to setup code prior to the OP_IdxGT or OP_IdxGE opcode that checks for
@@ -4864,7 +4966,7 @@ case OP_SeekGT: {       /* jump, in3, group, ncycle */
 **
 ** Possible outcomes from this opcode:<ol>
 **
-** <li> If the cursor is initally not pointed to any valid row, then
+** <li> If the cursor is initially not pointed to any valid row, then
 **      fall through into the subsequent OP_SeekGE opcode.
 **
 ** <li> If the cursor is left pointing to a row that is before the target
@@ -4881,7 +4983,7 @@ case OP_SeekGT: {       /* jump, in3, group, ncycle */
 **      (indicating that the target row definitely does not exist in the
 **      btree) then jump to SeekGE.P2, ending the loop.
 **
-** <li> If the cursor ends up on a valid row that is past the target row 
+** <li> If the cursor ends up on a valid row that is past the target row
 **      (indicating that the target row does not exist in the btree) then
 **      jump to SeekOP.P2 if This.P5==0 or to This.P2 if This.P5>0.
 ** </ol>
@@ -4904,7 +5006,7 @@ case OP_SeekScan: {          /* ncycle */
     assert( pOp[1].p1==aOp[pOp->p2-1].p1 );
     assert( pOp[1].p2==aOp[pOp->p2-1].p2 );
     assert( pOp[1].p3==aOp[pOp->p2-1].p3 );
-    assert( aOp[pOp->p2-1].opcode==OP_IdxGT 
+    assert( aOp[pOp->p2-1].opcode==OP_IdxGT
          || aOp[pOp->p2-1].opcode==OP_IdxGE );
     testcase( aOp[pOp->p2-1].opcode==OP_IdxGE );
   }else{
@@ -4923,7 +5025,7 @@ case OP_SeekScan: {          /* ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
      if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
        printf("... cursor not valid - fall through\n");
-     }        
+     }       
 #endif
     break;
   }
@@ -4952,7 +5054,7 @@ case OP_SeekScan: {          /* ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
       if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
         printf("... %d steps and then skip\n", pOp->p1 - nStep);
-      }        
+      }       
 #endif
       VdbeBranchTaken(1,3);
       pOp++;
@@ -4963,7 +5065,7 @@ case OP_SeekScan: {          /* ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
       if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
         printf("... %d steps and then success\n", pOp->p1 - nStep);
-      }        
+      }       
 #endif
       VdbeBranchTaken(2,3);
       goto jump_to_p2;
@@ -4973,7 +5075,7 @@ case OP_SeekScan: {          /* ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
       if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
         printf("... fall through after %d steps\n", pOp->p1);
-      }        
+      }       
 #endif
       VdbeBranchTaken(0,3);
       break;
@@ -4990,7 +5092,7 @@ case OP_SeekScan: {          /* ncycle */
       }
     }
   }
-  
+ 
   break;
 }
 
@@ -5019,14 +5121,14 @@ case OP_SeekHit: {           /* ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
     if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
       printf("seekHit changes from %d to %d\n", pC->seekHit, pOp->p2);
-    }        
+    }       
 #endif
     pC->seekHit = pOp->p2;
   }else if( pC->seekHit>pOp->p3 ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
     if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
       printf("seekHit changes from %d to %d\n", pC->seekHit, pOp->p3);
-    }        
+    }       
 #endif
     pC->seekHit = pOp->p3;
   }
@@ -5074,9 +5176,9 @@ case OP_IfNotOpen: {        /* jump */
 ** If P4==0 then register P3 holds a blob constructed by MakeRecord.  If
 ** P4>0 then register P3 is the first of P4 registers that form an unpacked
 ** record.
-** 
+**
 ** Cursor P1 is on an index btree.  If the record identified by P3 and P4
-** is not the prefix of any entry in P1 then a jump is made to P2.  If P1 
+** is not the prefix of any entry in P1 then a jump is made to P2.  If P1
 ** does contain an entry whose prefix matches the P3/P4 record then control
 ** falls through to the next instruction and P1 is left pointing at the
 ** matching entry.
@@ -5096,13 +5198,13 @@ case OP_IfNotOpen: {        /* jump */
 ** operands to OP_NotFound and OP_IdxGT.
 **
 ** This opcode is an optimization attempt only.  If this opcode always
-** falls through, the correct answer is still obtained, but extra works
+** falls through, the correct answer is still obtained, but extra work
 ** is performed.
 **
 ** A value of N in the seekHit flag of cursor P1 means that there exists
 ** a key P3:N that will match some record in the index.  We want to know
 ** if it is possible for a record P3:P4 to match some record in the
-** index.  If it is not possible, we can skips some work.  So if seekHit
+** index.  If it is not possible, we can skip some work.  So if seekHit
 ** is less than P4, attempt to find out if a match is possible by running
 ** OP_NotFound.
 **
@@ -5124,7 +5226,7 @@ case OP_IfNotOpen: {        /* jump */
 ** If P4==0 then register P3 holds a blob constructed by MakeRecord.  If
 ** P4>0 then register P3 is the first of P4 registers that form an unpacked
 ** record.
-** 
+**
 ** Cursor P1 is on an index btree.  If the record identified by P3 and P4
 ** contains any NULL value, jump immediately to P2.  If all terms of the
 ** record are not-NULL then a check is done to determine if any row in the
@@ -5149,7 +5251,7 @@ case OP_IfNoHope: {     /* jump, in3, ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
   if( db->flags&SQLITE_VdbeTrace ){
     printf("seekHit is %d\n", pC->seekHit);
-  }        
+  }       
 #endif
   if( pC->seekHit>=pOp->p4.i ) break;
   /* Fall through into OP_NotFound */
@@ -5245,9 +5347,9 @@ case OP_Found: {        /* jump, in3, ncycle */
 **
 ** P1 is the index of a cursor open on an SQL table btree (with integer
 ** keys).  If register P3 does not contain an integer or if P1 does not
-** contain a record with rowid P3 then jump immediately to P2.  
+** contain a record with rowid P3 then jump immediately to P2. 
 ** Or, if P2 is 0, raise an SQLITE_CORRUPT error. If P1 does contain
-** a record with rowid P3 then 
+** a record with rowid P3 then
 ** leave the cursor pointing at that record and fall through to the next
 ** instruction.
 **
@@ -5270,7 +5372,7 @@ case OP_Found: {        /* jump, in3, ncycle */
 ** P1 is the index of a cursor open on an SQL table btree (with integer
 ** keys).  P3 is an integer rowid.  If P1 does not contain a record with
 ** rowid P3 then jump immediately to P2.  Or, if P2 is 0, raise an
-** SQLITE_CORRUPT error. If P1 does contain a record with rowid P3 then 
+** SQLITE_CORRUPT error. If P1 does contain a record with rowid P3 then
 ** leave the cursor pointing at that record and fall through to the next
 ** instruction.
 **
@@ -5354,7 +5456,7 @@ case OP_NotExists:          /* jump, in3, ncycle */
 ** Find the next available sequence number for cursor P1.
 ** Write the sequence number into register P2.
 ** The sequence number on the cursor is incremented after this
-** instruction.  
+** instruction. 
 */
 case OP_Sequence: {           /* out2 */
   assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
@@ -5374,9 +5476,9 @@ case OP_Sequence: {           /* out2 */
 ** table that cursor P1 points to.  The new record number is written
 ** written to register P2.
 **
-** If P3>0 then P3 is a register in the root frame of this VDBE that holds 
+** If P3>0 then P3 is a register in the root frame of this VDBE that holds
 ** the largest previously generated record number. No new record numbers are
-** allowed to be less than this value. When this value reaches its maximum, 
+** allowed to be less than this value. When this value reaches its maximum,
 ** an SQLITE_FULL error is generated. The P3 register is updated with the '
 ** generated record number. This P3 mechanism is used to help implement the
 ** AUTOINCREMENT feature.
@@ -5527,8 +5629,8 @@ case OP_NewRowid: {           /* out2 */
 ** is part of an INSERT operation.  The difference is only important to
 ** the update hook.
 **
-** Parameter P4 may point to a Table structure, or may be NULL. If it is 
-** not NULL, then the update-hook (sqlite3.xUpdateCallback) is invoked 
+** Parameter P4 may point to a Table structure, or may be NULL. If it is
+** not NULL, then the update-hook (sqlite3.xUpdateCallback) is invoked
 ** following a successful insert.
 **
 ** (WARNING/TODO: If P1 is a pseudo-cursor and P2 is dynamically
@@ -5609,11 +5711,12 @@ case OP_Insert: {
   x.pKey = 0;
   assert( BTREE_PREFORMAT==OPFLAG_PREFORMAT );
   rc = sqlite3BtreeInsert(pC->uc.pCursor, &x,
-      (pOp->p5 & (OPFLAG_APPEND|OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION|OPFLAG_PREFORMAT)), 
+      (pOp->p5 & (OPFLAG_APPEND|OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION|OPFLAG_PREFORMAT)),
       seekResult
   );
   pC->deferredMoveto = 0;
   pC->cacheStatus = CACHE_STALE;
+  colCacheCtr++;
 
   /* Invoke the update-hook if required. */
   if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
@@ -5662,27 +5765,32 @@ case OP_RowCell: {
 ** the cursor will be left pointing at  either the next or the previous
 ** record in the table. If it is left pointing at the next record, then
 ** the next Next instruction will be a no-op. As a result, in this case
-** it is ok to delete a record from within a Next loop. If 
+** it is ok to delete a record from within a Next loop. If
 ** OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION bit of P5 is clear, then the cursor will be
 ** left in an undefined state.
 **
 ** If the OPFLAG_AUXDELETE bit is set on P5, that indicates that this
-** delete one of several associated with deleting a table row and all its
-** associated index entries.  Exactly one of those deletes is the "primary"
-** delete.  The others are all on OPFLAG_FORDELETE cursors or else are
-** marked with the AUXDELETE flag.
+** delete is one of several associated with deleting a table row and
+** all its associated index entries.  Exactly one of those deletes is
+** the "primary" delete.  The others are all on OPFLAG_FORDELETE
+** cursors or else are marked with the AUXDELETE flag.
+**
+** If the OPFLAG_NCHANGE (0x01) flag of P2 (NB: P2 not P5) is set, then
+** the row change count is incremented (otherwise not).
 **
-** If the OPFLAG_NCHANGE flag of P2 (NB: P2 not P5) is set, then the row
-** change count is incremented (otherwise not).
+** If the OPFLAG_ISNOOP (0x40) flag of P2 (not P5!) is set, then the
+** pre-update-hook for deletes is run, but the btree is otherwise unchanged.
+** This happens when the OP_Delete is to be shortly followed by an OP_Insert
+** with the same key, causing the btree entry to be overwritten.
 **
 ** P1 must not be pseudo-table.  It has to be a real table with
 ** multiple rows.
 **
-** If P4 is not NULL then it points to a Table object. In this case either 
+** If P4 is not NULL then it points to a Table object. In this case either
 ** the update or pre-update hook, or both, may be invoked. The P1 cursor must
-** have been positioned using OP_NotFound prior to invoking this opcode in 
-** this case. Specifically, if one is configured, the pre-update hook is 
-** invoked if P4 is not NULL. The update-hook is invoked if one is configured, 
+** have been positioned using OP_NotFound prior to invoking this opcode in
+** this case. Specifically, if one is configured, the pre-update hook is
+** invoked if P4 is not NULL. The update-hook is invoked if one is configured,
 ** P4 is not NULL, and the OPFLAG_NCHANGE flag is set in P2.
 **
 ** If the OPFLAG_ISUPDATE flag is set in P2, then P3 contains the address
@@ -5721,7 +5829,7 @@ case OP_Delete: {
   /* If the update-hook or pre-update-hook will be invoked, set zDb to
   ** the name of the db to pass as to it. Also set local pTab to a copy
   ** of p4.pTab. Finally, if p5 is true, indicating that this cursor was
-  ** last moved with OP_Next or OP_Prev, not Seek or NotFound, set 
+  ** last moved with OP_Next or OP_Prev, not Seek or NotFound, set
   ** VdbeCursor.movetoTarget to the current rowid.  */
   if( pOp->p4type==P4_TABLE && HAS_UPDATE_HOOK(db) ){
     assert( pC->iDb>=0 );
@@ -5740,20 +5848,20 @@ case OP_Delete: {
   /* Invoke the pre-update-hook if required. */
   assert( db->xPreUpdateCallback==0 || pTab==pOp->p4.pTab );
   if( db->xPreUpdateCallback && pTab ){
-    assert( !(opflags & OPFLAG_ISUPDATE) 
-         || HasRowid(pTab)==0 
-         || (aMem[pOp->p3].flags & MEM_Int) 
+    assert( !(opflags & OPFLAG_ISUPDATE)
+         || HasRowid(pTab)==0
+         || (aMem[pOp->p3].flags & MEM_Int)
     );
     sqlite3VdbePreUpdateHook(p, pC,
-        (opflags & OPFLAG_ISUPDATE) ? SQLITE_UPDATE : SQLITE_DELETE, 
+        (opflags & OPFLAG_ISUPDATE) ? SQLITE_UPDATE : SQLITE_DELETE,
         zDb, pTab, pC->movetoTarget,
         pOp->p3, -1
     );
   }
   if( opflags & OPFLAG_ISNOOP ) break;
 #endif
- 
-  /* Only flags that can be set are SAVEPOISTION and AUXDELETE */ 
+
+  /* Only flags that can be set are SAVEPOISTION and AUXDELETE */
   assert( (pOp->p5 & ~(OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION|OPFLAG_AUXDELETE))==0 );
   assert( OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION==BTREE_SAVEPOSITION );
   assert( OPFLAG_AUXDELETE==BTREE_AUXDELETE );
@@ -5774,6 +5882,7 @@ case OP_Delete: {
 
   rc = sqlite3BtreeDelete(pC->uc.pCursor, pOp->p5);
   pC->cacheStatus = CACHE_STALE;
+  colCacheCtr++;
   pC->seekResult = 0;
   if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
 
@@ -5806,7 +5915,7 @@ case OP_ResetCount: {
 ** Synopsis: if key(P1)!=trim(r[P3],P4) goto P2
 **
 ** P1 is a sorter cursor. This instruction compares a prefix of the
-** record blob in register P3 against a prefix of the entry that 
+** record blob in register P3 against a prefix of the entry that
 ** the sorter cursor currently points to.  Only the first P4 fields
 ** of r[P3] and the sorter record are compared.
 **
@@ -5841,13 +5950,13 @@ case OP_SorterCompare: {
 ** Write into register P2 the current sorter data for sorter cursor P1.
 ** Then clear the column header cache on cursor P3.
 **
-** This opcode is normally use to move a record out of the sorter and into
+** This opcode is normally used to move a record out of the sorter and into
 ** a register that is the source for a pseudo-table cursor created using
 ** OpenPseudo.  That pseudo-table cursor is the one that is identified by
 ** parameter P3.  Clearing the P3 column cache as part of this opcode saves
 ** us from having to issue a separate NullRow instruction to clear that cache.
 */
-case OP_SorterData: {
+case OP_SorterData: {       /* ncycle */
   VdbeCursor *pC;
 
   pOut = &aMem[pOp->p2];
@@ -5864,10 +5973,10 @@ case OP_SorterData: {
 /* Opcode: RowData P1 P2 P3 * *
 ** Synopsis: r[P2]=data
 **
-** Write into register P2 the complete row content for the row at 
+** Write into register P2 the complete row content for the row at
 ** which cursor P1 is currently pointing.
-** There is no interpretation of the data.  
-** It is just copied onto the P2 register exactly as 
+** There is no interpretation of the data. 
+** It is just copied onto the P2 register exactly as
 ** it is found in the database file.
 **
 ** If cursor P1 is an index, then the content is the key of the row.
@@ -6028,7 +6137,7 @@ case OP_NullRow: {
 */
 /* Opcode: Last P1 P2 * * *
 **
-** The next use of the Rowid or Column or Prev instruction for P1 
+** The next use of the Rowid or Column or Prev instruction for P1
 ** will refer to the last entry in the database table or index.
 ** If the table or index is empty and P2>0, then jump immediately to P2.
 ** If P2 is 0 or if the table or index is not empty, fall through
@@ -6122,8 +6231,8 @@ case OP_IfSmaller: {        /* jump */
 ** regression tests can determine whether or not the optimizer is
 ** correctly optimizing out sorts.
 */
-case OP_SorterSort:    /* jump */
-case OP_Sort: {        /* jump */
+case OP_SorterSort:    /* jump ncycle */
+case OP_Sort: {        /* jump ncycle */
 #ifdef SQLITE_TEST
   sqlite3_sort_count++;
   sqlite3_search_count--;
@@ -6134,10 +6243,10 @@ case OP_Sort: {        /* jump */
 }
 /* Opcode: Rewind P1 P2 * * *
 **
-** The next use of the Rowid or Column or Next instruction for P1 
+** The next use of the Rowid or Column or Next instruction for P1
 ** will refer to the first entry in the database table or index.
 ** If the table or index is empty, jump immediately to P2.
-** If the table or index is not empty, fall through to the following 
+** If the table or index is not empty, fall through to the following
 ** instruction.
 **
 ** If P2 is zero, that is an assertion that the P1 table is never
@@ -6314,7 +6423,7 @@ case OP_Next:          /* jump, ncycle */
 ** run faster by avoiding an unnecessary seek on cursor P1.  However,
 ** the OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT flag must only be set if there have been no prior
 ** seeks on the cursor or if the most recent seek used a key equivalent
-** to P2. 
+** to P2.
 **
 ** This instruction only works for indices.  The equivalent instruction
 ** for tables is OP_Insert.
@@ -6340,7 +6449,7 @@ case OP_IdxInsert: {        /* in2 */
   x.aMem = aMem + pOp->p3;
   x.nMem = (u16)pOp->p4.i;
   rc = sqlite3BtreeInsert(pC->uc.pCursor, &x,
-       (pOp->p5 & (OPFLAG_APPEND|OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION|OPFLAG_PREFORMAT)), 
+       (pOp->p5 & (OPFLAG_APPEND|OPFLAG_SAVEPOSITION|OPFLAG_PREFORMAT)),
       ((pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_USESEEKRESULT) ? pC->seekResult : 0)
       );
   assert( pC->deferredMoveto==0 );
@@ -6378,7 +6487,7 @@ case OP_SorterInsert: {     /* in2 */
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P2@P3]
 **
 ** The content of P3 registers starting at register P2 form
-** an unpacked index key. This opcode removes that entry from the 
+** an unpacked index key. This opcode removes that entry from the
 ** index opened by cursor P1.
 **
 ** If P5 is not zero, then raise an SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX error
@@ -6436,8 +6545,8 @@ case OP_IdxDelete: {
 **
 ** P4 may be an array of integers (type P4_INTARRAY) containing
 ** one entry for each column in the P3 table.  If array entry a(i)
-** is non-zero, then reading column a(i)-1 from cursor P3 is 
-** equivalent to performing the deferred seek and then reading column i 
+** is non-zero, then reading column a(i)-1 from cursor P3 is
+** equivalent to performing the deferred seek and then reading column i
 ** from P1.  This information is stored in P3 and used to redirect
 ** reads against P3 over to P1, thus possibly avoiding the need to
 ** seek and read cursor P3.
@@ -6509,7 +6618,7 @@ case OP_IdxRowid: {           /* out2, ncycle */
 }
 
 /* Opcode: FinishSeek P1 * * * *
-** 
+**
 ** If cursor P1 was previously moved via OP_DeferredSeek, complete that
 ** seek operation now, without further delay.  If the cursor seek has
 ** already occurred, this instruction is a no-op.
@@ -6529,9 +6638,9 @@ case OP_FinishSeek: {        /* ncycle */
 /* Opcode: IdxGE P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
-** key that omits the PRIMARY KEY.  Compare this key value against the index 
-** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the PRIMARY KEY or ROWID 
+** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index
+** key that omits the PRIMARY KEY.  Compare this key value against the index
+** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the PRIMARY KEY or ROWID
 ** fields at the end.
 **
 ** If the P1 index entry is greater than or equal to the key value
@@ -6540,9 +6649,9 @@ case OP_FinishSeek: {        /* ncycle */
 /* Opcode: IdxGT P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
-** key that omits the PRIMARY KEY.  Compare this key value against the index 
-** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the PRIMARY KEY or ROWID 
+** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index
+** key that omits the PRIMARY KEY.  Compare this key value against the index
+** that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the PRIMARY KEY or ROWID
 ** fields at the end.
 **
 ** If the P1 index entry is greater than the key value
@@ -6551,7 +6660,7 @@ case OP_FinishSeek: {        /* ncycle */
 /* Opcode: IdxLT P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
+** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index
 ** key that omits the PRIMARY KEY or ROWID.  Compare this key value against
 ** the index that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the PRIMARY KEY or
 ** ROWID on the P1 index.
@@ -6562,7 +6671,7 @@ case OP_FinishSeek: {        /* ncycle */
 /* Opcode: IdxLE P1 P2 P3 P4 *
 ** Synopsis: key=r[P3@P4]
 **
-** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index 
+** The P4 register values beginning with P3 form an unpacked index
 ** key that omits the PRIMARY KEY or ROWID.  Compare this key value against
 ** the index that P1 is currently pointing to, ignoring the PRIMARY KEY or
 ** ROWID on the P1 index.
@@ -6650,7 +6759,7 @@ case OP_IdxGE:  {       /* jump, ncycle */
 ** file is given by P1.
 **
 ** The table being destroyed is in the main database file if P3==0.  If
-** P3==1 then the table to be clear is in the auxiliary database file
+** P3==1 then the table to be destroyed is in the auxiliary database file
 ** that is used to store tables create using CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.
 **
 ** If AUTOVACUUM is enabled then it is possible that another root page
@@ -6658,15 +6767,15 @@ case OP_IdxGE:  {       /* jump, ncycle */
 ** root pages contiguous at the beginning of the database.  The former
 ** value of the root page that moved - its value before the move occurred -
 ** is stored in register P2. If no page movement was required (because the
-** table being dropped was already the last one in the database) then a 
-** zero is stored in register P2.  If AUTOVACUUM is disabled then a zero 
+** table being dropped was already the last one in the database) then a
+** zero is stored in register P2.  If AUTOVACUUM is disabled then a zero
 ** is stored in register P2.
 **
 ** This opcode throws an error if there are any active reader VMs when
-** it is invoked. This is done to avoid the difficulty associated with 
-** updating existing cursors when a root page is moved in an AUTOVACUUM 
-** database. This error is thrown even if the database is not an AUTOVACUUM 
-** db in order to avoid introducing an incompatibility between autovacuum 
+** it is invoked. This is done to avoid the difficulty associated with
+** updating existing cursors when a root page is moved in an AUTOVACUUM
+** database. This error is thrown even if the database is not an AUTOVACUUM
+** db in order to avoid introducing an incompatibility between autovacuum
 ** and non-autovacuum modes.
 **
 ** See also: Clear
@@ -6710,8 +6819,8 @@ case OP_Destroy: {     /* out2 */
 ** in the database file is given by P1.  But, unlike Destroy, do not
 ** remove the table or index from the database file.
 **
-** The table being clear is in the main database file if P2==0.  If
-** P2==1 then the table to be clear is in the auxiliary database file
+** The table being cleared is in the main database file if P2==0.  If
+** P2==1 then the table to be cleared is in the auxiliary database file
 ** that is used to store tables create using CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.
 **
 ** If the P3 value is non-zero, then the row change count is incremented
@@ -6723,7 +6832,7 @@ case OP_Destroy: {     /* out2 */
 */
 case OP_Clear: {
   i64 nChange;
- 
+
   sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
   nChange = 0;
   assert( p->readOnly==0 );
@@ -6751,7 +6860,7 @@ case OP_Clear: {
 */
 case OP_ResetSorter: {
   VdbeCursor *pC;
- 
+
   assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<p->nCursor );
   pC = p->apCsr[pOp->p1];
   assert( pC!=0 );
@@ -6797,13 +6906,41 @@ case OP_CreateBtree: {          /* out2 */
 /* Opcode: SqlExec * * * P4 *
 **
 ** Run the SQL statement or statements specified in the P4 string.
+** Disable Auth and Trace callbacks while those statements are running if
+** P1 is true.
 */
 case OP_SqlExec: {
+  char *zErr;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+  sqlite3_xauth xAuth;
+#endif
+  u8 mTrace;
+
   sqlite3VdbeIncrWriteCounter(p, 0);
   db->nSqlExec++;
-  rc = sqlite3_exec(db, pOp->p4.z, 0, 0, 0);
+  zErr = 0;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+  xAuth = db->xAuth;
+#endif
+  mTrace = db->mTrace;
+  if( pOp->p1 ){
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+    db->xAuth = 0;
+#endif
+    db->mTrace = 0;
+  }
+  rc = sqlite3_exec(db, pOp->p4.z, 0, 0, &zErr);
   db->nSqlExec--;
-  if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+  db->xAuth = xAuth;
+#endif
+  db->mTrace = mTrace;
+  if( zErr || rc ){
+    sqlite3VdbeError(p, "%s", zErr);
+    sqlite3_free(zErr);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_NOMEM ) goto no_mem;
+    goto abort_due_to_error;
+  }
   break;
 }
 
@@ -6823,7 +6960,7 @@ case OP_ParseSchema: {
   InitData initData;
 
   /* Any prepared statement that invokes this opcode will hold mutexes
-  ** on every btree.  This is a prerequisite for invoking 
+  ** on every btree.  This is a prerequisite for invoking
   ** sqlite3InitCallback().
   */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
@@ -6884,7 +7021,7 @@ case OP_ParseSchema: {
     }
     goto abort_due_to_error;
   }
-  break;  
+  break; 
 }
 
 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_ANALYZE)
@@ -6898,7 +7035,7 @@ case OP_LoadAnalysis: {
   assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<db->nDb );
   rc = sqlite3AnalysisLoad(db, pOp->p1);
   if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
-  break;  
+  break; 
 }
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_ANALYZE) */
 
@@ -6906,7 +7043,7 @@ case OP_LoadAnalysis: {
 **
 ** Remove the internal (in-memory) data structures that describe
 ** the table named P4 in database P1.  This is called after a table
-** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode) in order to keep 
+** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode) in order to keep
 ** the internal representation of the
 ** schema consistent with what is on disk.
 */
@@ -6934,7 +7071,7 @@ case OP_DropIndex: {
 **
 ** Remove the internal (in-memory) data structures that describe
 ** the trigger named P4 in database P1.  This is called after a trigger
-** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode) in order to keep 
+** is dropped from disk (using the Destroy opcode) in order to keep
 ** the internal representation of the
 ** schema consistent with what is on disk.
 */
@@ -6954,7 +7091,7 @@ case OP_DropTrigger: {
 **
 ** The register P3 contains one less than the maximum number of allowed errors.
 ** At most reg(P3) errors will be reported.
-** In other words, the analysis stops as soon as reg(P1) errors are 
+** In other words, the analysis stops as soon as reg(P1) errors are
 ** seen.  Reg(P1) is updated with the number of errors remaining.
 **
 ** The root page numbers of all tables in the database are integers
@@ -7035,7 +7172,7 @@ case OP_RowSetRead: {       /* jump, in1, out3 */
 
   pIn1 = &aMem[pOp->p1];
   assert( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Blob)==0 || sqlite3VdbeMemIsRowSet(pIn1) );
-  if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Blob)==0 
+  if( (pIn1->flags & MEM_Blob)==0
    || sqlite3RowSetNext((RowSet*)pIn1->z, &val)==0
   ){
     /* The boolean index is empty */
@@ -7107,13 +7244,13 @@ case OP_RowSetTest: {                     /* jump, in1, in3 */
 
 /* Opcode: Program P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
 **
-** Execute the trigger program passed as P4 (type P4_SUBPROGRAM). 
+** Execute the trigger program passed as P4 (type P4_SUBPROGRAM).
 **
-** P1 contains the address of the memory cell that contains the first memory 
-** cell in an array of values used as arguments to the sub-program. P2 
-** contains the address to jump to if the sub-program throws an IGNORE 
-** exception using the RAISE() function. Register P3 contains the address 
-** of a memory cell in this (the parent) VM that is used to allocate the 
+** P1 contains the address of the memory cell that contains the first memory
+** cell in an array of values used as arguments to the sub-program. P2
+** contains the address to jump to if the sub-program throws an IGNORE
+** exception using the RAISE() function. Register P3 contains the address
+** of a memory cell in this (the parent) VM that is used to allocate the
 ** memory required by the sub-vdbe at runtime.
 **
 ** P4 is a pointer to the VM containing the trigger program.
@@ -7133,17 +7270,17 @@ case OP_Program: {        /* jump */
   pProgram = pOp->p4.pProgram;
   pRt = &aMem[pOp->p3];
   assert( pProgram->nOp>0 );
-  
-  /* If the p5 flag is clear, then recursive invocation of triggers is 
+ 
+  /* If the p5 flag is clear, then recursive invocation of triggers is
   ** disabled for backwards compatibility (p5 is set if this sub-program
   ** is really a trigger, not a foreign key action, and the flag set
   ** and cleared by the "PRAGMA recursive_triggers" command is clear).
-  ** 
-  ** It is recursive invocation of triggers, at the SQL level, that is 
-  ** disabled. In some cases a single trigger may generate more than one 
-  ** SubProgram (if the trigger may be executed with more than one different 
+  **
+  ** It is recursive invocation of triggers, at the SQL level, that is
+  ** disabled. In some cases a single trigger may generate more than one
+  ** SubProgram (if the trigger may be executed with more than one different
   ** ON CONFLICT algorithm). SubProgram structures associated with a
-  ** single trigger all have the same value for the SubProgram.token 
+  ** single trigger all have the same value for the SubProgram.token
   ** variable.  */
   if( pOp->p5 ){
     t = pProgram->token;
@@ -7159,10 +7296,10 @@ case OP_Program: {        /* jump */
 
   /* Register pRt is used to store the memory required to save the state
   ** of the current program, and the memory required at runtime to execute
-  ** the trigger program. If this trigger has been fired before, then pRt 
+  ** the trigger program. If this trigger has been fired before, then pRt
   ** is already allocated. Otherwise, it must be initialized.  */
   if( (pRt->flags&MEM_Blob)==0 ){
-    /* SubProgram.nMem is set to the number of memory cells used by the 
+    /* SubProgram.nMem is set to the number of memory cells used by the
     ** program stored in SubProgram.aOp. As well as these, one memory
     ** cell is required for each cursor used by the program. Set local
     ** variable nMem (and later, VdbeFrame.nChildMem) to this value.
@@ -7207,7 +7344,7 @@ case OP_Program: {        /* jump */
   }else{
     pFrame = (VdbeFrame*)pRt->z;
     assert( pRt->xDel==sqlite3VdbeFrameMemDel );
-    assert( pProgram->nMem+pProgram->nCsr==pFrame->nChildMem 
+    assert( pProgram->nMem+pProgram->nCsr==pFrame->nChildMem
         || (pProgram->nCsr==0 && pProgram->nMem+1==pFrame->nChildMem) );
     assert( pProgram->nCsr==pFrame->nChildCsr );
     assert( (int)(pOp - aOp)==pFrame->pc );
@@ -7248,10 +7385,10 @@ case OP_Program: {        /* jump */
 
 /* Opcode: Param P1 P2 * * *
 **
-** This opcode is only ever present in sub-programs called via the 
-** OP_Program instruction. Copy a value currently stored in a memory 
-** cell of the calling (parent) frame to cell P2 in the current frames 
-** address space. This is used by trigger programs to access the new.* 
+** This opcode is only ever present in sub-programs called via the
+** OP_Program instruction. Copy a value currently stored in a memory
+** cell of the calling (parent) frame to cell P2 in the current frames
+** address space. This is used by trigger programs to access the new.*
 ** and old.* values.
 **
 ** The address of the cell in the parent frame is determined by adding
@@ -7263,7 +7400,7 @@ case OP_Param: {           /* out2 */
   Mem *pIn;
   pOut = out2Prerelease(p, pOp);
   pFrame = p->pFrame;
-  pIn = &pFrame->aMem[pOp->p1 + pFrame->aOp[pFrame->pc].p1];   
+  pIn = &pFrame->aMem[pOp->p1 + pFrame->aOp[pFrame->pc].p1];  
   sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(pOut, pIn, MEM_Ephem);
   break;
 }
@@ -7275,8 +7412,8 @@ case OP_Param: {           /* out2 */
 ** Synopsis: fkctr[P1]+=P2
 **
 ** Increment a "constraint counter" by P2 (P2 may be negative or positive).
-** If P1 is non-zero, the database constraint counter is incremented 
-** (deferred foreign key constraints). Otherwise, if P1 is zero, the 
+** If P1 is non-zero, the database constraint counter is incremented
+** (deferred foreign key constraints). Otherwise, if P1 is zero, the
 ** statement counter is incremented (immediate foreign key constraints).
 */
 case OP_FkCounter: {
@@ -7294,7 +7431,7 @@ case OP_FkCounter: {
 ** Synopsis: if fkctr[P1]==0 goto P2
 **
 ** This opcode tests if a foreign key constraint-counter is currently zero.
-** If so, jump to instruction P2. Otherwise, fall through to the next 
+** If so, jump to instruction P2. Otherwise, fall through to the next
 ** instruction.
 **
 ** If P1 is non-zero, then the jump is taken if the database constraint-counter
@@ -7320,7 +7457,7 @@ case OP_FkIfZero: {         /* jump */
 **
 ** P1 is a register in the root frame of this VM (the root frame is
 ** different from the current frame if this instruction is being executed
-** within a sub-program). Set the value of register P1 to the maximum of 
+** within a sub-program). Set the value of register P1 to the maximum of
 ** its current value and the value in register P2.
 **
 ** This instruction throws an error if the memory cell is not initially
@@ -7380,7 +7517,7 @@ case OP_IfPos: {        /* jump, in1 */
 ** and r[P2] is set to be the value of the LIMIT, r[P1].
 **
 ** if r[P1] is zero or negative, that means there is no LIMIT
-** and r[P2] is set to -1. 
+** and r[P2] is set to -1.
 **
 ** Otherwise, r[P2] is set to the sum of r[P1] and r[P3].
 */
@@ -7412,7 +7549,7 @@ case OP_OffsetLimit: {    /* in1, out2, in3 */
 **
 ** Register P1 must contain an integer.  If the content of register P1 is
 ** initially greater than zero, then decrement the value in register P1.
-** If it is non-zero (negative or positive) and then also jump to P2.  
+** If it is non-zero (negative or positive) and then also jump to P2. 
 ** If register P1 is initially zero, leave it unchanged and fall through.
 */
 case OP_IfNotZero: {        /* jump, in1 */
@@ -7446,7 +7583,7 @@ case OP_DecrJumpZero: {      /* jump, in1 */
 ** Synopsis: accum=r[P3] step(r[P2@P5])
 **
 ** Execute the xStep function for an aggregate.
-** The function has P5 arguments.  P4 is a pointer to the 
+** The function has P5 arguments.  P4 is a pointer to the
 ** FuncDef structure that specifies the function.  Register P3 is the
 ** accumulator.
 **
@@ -7457,7 +7594,7 @@ case OP_DecrJumpZero: {      /* jump, in1 */
 ** Synopsis: accum=r[P3] inverse(r[P2@P5])
 **
 ** Execute the xInverse function for an aggregate.
-** The function has P5 arguments.  P4 is a pointer to the 
+** The function has P5 arguments.  P4 is a pointer to the
 ** FuncDef structure that specifies the function.  Register P3 is the
 ** accumulator.
 **
@@ -7468,7 +7605,7 @@ case OP_DecrJumpZero: {      /* jump, in1 */
 ** Synopsis: accum=r[P3] step(r[P2@P5])
 **
 ** Execute the xStep (if P1==0) or xInverse (if P1!=0) function for an
-** aggregate.  The function has P5 arguments.  P4 is a pointer to the 
+** aggregate.  The function has P5 arguments.  P4 is a pointer to the
 ** FuncDef structure that specifies the function.  Register P3 is the
 ** accumulator.
 **
@@ -7537,7 +7674,7 @@ case OP_AggStep1: {
   /* If this function is inside of a trigger, the register array in aMem[]
   ** might change from one evaluation to the next.  The next block of code
   ** checks to see if the register array has changed, and if so it
-  ** reinitializes the relavant parts of the sqlite3_context object */
+  ** reinitializes the relevant parts of the sqlite3_context object */
   if( pCtx->pMem != pMem ){
     pCtx->pMem = pMem;
     for(i=pCtx->argc-1; i>=0; i--) pCtx->argv[i] = &aMem[pOp->p2+i];
@@ -7586,7 +7723,7 @@ case OP_AggStep1: {
 ** Synopsis: accum=r[P1] N=P2
 **
 ** P1 is the memory location that is the accumulator for an aggregate
-** or window function.  Execute the finalizer function 
+** or window function.  Execute the finalizer function
 ** for an aggregate and store the result in P1.
 **
 ** P2 is the number of arguments that the step function takes and
@@ -7625,7 +7762,7 @@ case OP_AggFinal: {
   {
     rc = sqlite3VdbeMemFinalize(pMem, pOp->p4.pFunc);
   }
-  
+ 
   if( rc ){
     sqlite3VdbeError(p, "%s", sqlite3_value_text(pMem));
     goto abort_due_to_error;
@@ -7669,9 +7806,9 @@ case OP_Checkpoint: {
   }
   for(i=0, pMem = &aMem[pOp->p3]; i<3; i++, pMem++){
     sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pMem, (i64)aRes[i]);
-  }    
+  }   
   break;
-};  
+}; 
 #endif
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PRAGMA
@@ -7697,9 +7834,9 @@ case OP_JournalMode: {    /* out2 */
 
   pOut = out2Prerelease(p, pOp);
   eNew = pOp->p3;
-  assert( eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE 
-       || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE 
-       || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST 
+  assert( eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_DELETE
+       || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_TRUNCATE
+       || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_PERSIST
        || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF
        || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_MEMORY
        || eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
@@ -7719,7 +7856,7 @@ case OP_JournalMode: {    /* out2 */
   zFilename = sqlite3PagerFilename(pPager, 1);
 
   /* Do not allow a transition to journal_mode=WAL for a database
-  ** in temporary storage or if the VFS does not support shared memory 
+  ** in temporary storage or if the VFS does not support shared memory
   */
   if( eNew==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL
    && (sqlite3Strlen30(zFilename)==0           /* Temp file */
@@ -7739,12 +7876,12 @@ case OP_JournalMode: {    /* out2 */
       );
       goto abort_due_to_error;
     }else{
- 
+
       if( eOld==PAGER_JOURNALMODE_WAL ){
         /* If leaving WAL mode, close the log file. If successful, the call
-        ** to PagerCloseWal() checkpoints and deletes the write-ahead-log 
-        ** file. An EXCLUSIVE lock may still be held on the database file 
-        ** after a successful return. 
+        ** to PagerCloseWal() checkpoints and deletes the write-ahead-log
+        ** file. An EXCLUSIVE lock may still be held on the database file
+        ** after a successful return.
         */
         rc = sqlite3PagerCloseWal(pPager, db);
         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -7755,7 +7892,7 @@ case OP_JournalMode: {    /* out2 */
         ** as an intermediate */
         sqlite3PagerSetJournalMode(pPager, PAGER_JOURNALMODE_OFF);
       }
-  
+ 
       /* Open a transaction on the database file. Regardless of the journal
       ** mode, this transaction always uses a rollback journal.
       */
@@ -7830,7 +7967,7 @@ case OP_IncrVacuum: {        /* jump */
 ** is executed using sqlite3_step() it will either automatically
 ** reprepare itself (if it was originally created using sqlite3_prepare_v2())
 ** or it will fail with SQLITE_SCHEMA.
-** 
+**
 ** If P1 is 0, then all SQL statements become expired. If P1 is non-zero,
 ** then only the currently executing statement is expired.
 **
@@ -7885,7 +8022,7 @@ case OP_CursorUnlock: {
 ** Synopsis: iDb=P1 root=P2 write=P3
 **
 ** Obtain a lock on a particular table. This instruction is only used when
-** the shared-cache feature is enabled. 
+** the shared-cache feature is enabled.
 **
 ** P1 is the index of the database in sqlite3.aDb[] of the database
 ** on which the lock is acquired.  A readlock is obtained if P3==0 or
@@ -7899,7 +8036,7 @@ case OP_CursorUnlock: {
 case OP_TableLock: {
   u8 isWriteLock = (u8)pOp->p3;
   if( isWriteLock || 0==(db->flags&SQLITE_ReadUncommit) ){
-    int p1 = pOp->p1; 
+    int p1 = pOp->p1;
     assert( p1>=0 && p1<db->nDb );
     assert( DbMaskTest(p->btreeMask, p1) );
     assert( isWriteLock==0 || isWriteLock==1 );
@@ -7919,7 +8056,7 @@ case OP_TableLock: {
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
 /* Opcode: VBegin * * * P4 *
 **
-** P4 may be a pointer to an sqlite3_vtab structure. If so, call the 
+** P4 may be a pointer to an sqlite3_vtab structure. If so, call the
 ** xBegin method for that table.
 **
 ** Also, whether or not P4 is set, check that this is not being called from
@@ -7939,7 +8076,7 @@ case OP_VBegin: {
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
 /* Opcode: VCreate P1 P2 * * *
 **
-** P2 is a register that holds the name of a virtual table in database 
+** P2 is a register that holds the name of a virtual table in database
 ** P1. Call the xCreate method for that table.
 */
 case OP_VCreate: {
@@ -8024,6 +8161,53 @@ case OP_VOpen: {             /* ncycle */
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
 
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+/* Opcode: VCheck P1 P2 P3 P4 *
+**
+** P4 is a pointer to a Table object that is a virtual table in schema P1
+** that supports the xIntegrity() method.  This opcode runs the xIntegrity()
+** method for that virtual table, using P3 as the integer argument.  If
+** an error is reported back, the table name is prepended to the error
+** message and that message is stored in P2.  If no errors are seen,
+** register P2 is set to NULL.
+*/
+case OP_VCheck: {             /* out2 */
+  Table *pTab;
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
+  const sqlite3_module *pModule;
+  char *zErr = 0;
+
+  pOut = &aMem[pOp->p2];
+  sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pOut);  /* Innocent until proven guilty */
+  assert( pOp->p4type==P4_TABLE );
+  pTab = pOp->p4.pTab;
+  assert( pTab!=0 );
+  assert( IsVirtual(pTab) );
+  assert( pTab->u.vtab.p!=0 );
+  pVtab = pTab->u.vtab.p->pVtab;
+  assert( pVtab!=0 );
+  pModule = pVtab->pModule;
+  assert( pModule!=0 );
+  assert( pModule->iVersion>=4 );
+  assert( pModule->xIntegrity!=0 );
+  pTab->nTabRef++;
+  sqlite3VtabLock(pTab->u.vtab.p);
+  assert( pOp->p1>=0 && pOp->p1<db->nDb );
+  rc = pModule->xIntegrity(pVtab, db->aDb[pOp->p1].zDbSName, pTab->zName,
+                           pOp->p3, &zErr);
+  sqlite3VtabUnlock(pTab->u.vtab.p);
+  sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pTab);
+  if( rc ){
+    sqlite3_free(zErr);
+    goto abort_due_to_error;
+  }
+  if( zErr ){
+    sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pOut, zErr, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, sqlite3_free);
+  }
+  break;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
+
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
 /* Opcode: VInitIn P1 P2 P3 * *
 ** Synopsis: r[P2]=ValueList(P1,P3)
@@ -8202,7 +8386,7 @@ case OP_VNext: {   /* jump, ncycle */
 
   /* Invoke the xNext() method of the module. There is no way for the
   ** underlying implementation to return an error if one occurs during
-  ** xNext(). Instead, if an error occurs, true is returned (indicating that 
+  ** xNext(). Instead, if an error occurs, true is returned (indicating that
   ** data is available) and the error code returned when xColumn or
   ** some other method is next invoked on the save virtual table cursor.
   */
@@ -8230,7 +8414,7 @@ case OP_VRename: {
   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;
   Mem *pName;
   int isLegacy;
-  
+ 
   isLegacy = (db->flags & SQLITE_LegacyAlter);
   db->flags |= SQLITE_LegacyAlter;
   pVtab = pOp->p4.pVtab->pVtab;
@@ -8260,23 +8444,23 @@ case OP_VRename: {
 **
 ** P4 is a pointer to a virtual table object, an sqlite3_vtab structure.
 ** This opcode invokes the corresponding xUpdate method. P2 values
-** are contiguous memory cells starting at P3 to pass to the xUpdate 
-** invocation. The value in register (P3+P2-1) corresponds to the 
+** are contiguous memory cells starting at P3 to pass to the xUpdate
+** invocation. The value in register (P3+P2-1) corresponds to the
 ** p2th element of the argv array passed to xUpdate.
 **
 ** The xUpdate method will do a DELETE or an INSERT or both.
 ** The argv[0] element (which corresponds to memory cell P3)
-** is the rowid of a row to delete.  If argv[0] is NULL then no 
-** deletion occurs.  The argv[1] element is the rowid of the new 
-** row.  This can be NULL to have the virtual table select the new 
-** rowid for itself.  The subsequent elements in the array are 
+** is the rowid of a row to delete.  If argv[0] is NULL then no
+** deletion occurs.  The argv[1] element is the rowid of the new
+** row.  This can be NULL to have the virtual table select the new
+** rowid for itself.  The subsequent elements in the array are
 ** the values of columns in the new row.
 **
 ** If P2==1 then no insert is performed.  argv[0] is the rowid of
 ** a row to delete.
 **
 ** P1 is a boolean flag. If it is set to true and the xUpdate call
-** is successful, then the value returned by sqlite3_last_insert_rowid() 
+** is successful, then the value returned by sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()
 ** is set to the value of the rowid for the row just inserted.
 **
 ** P5 is the error actions (OE_Replace, OE_Fail, OE_Ignore, etc) to
@@ -8291,7 +8475,7 @@ case OP_VUpdate: {
   Mem **apArg;
   Mem *pX;
 
-  assert( pOp->p2==1        || pOp->p5==OE_Fail   || pOp->p5==OE_Rollback 
+  assert( pOp->p2==1        || pOp->p5==OE_Fail   || pOp->p5==OE_Rollback
        || pOp->p5==OE_Abort || pOp->p5==OE_Ignore || pOp->p5==OE_Replace
   );
   assert( p->readOnly==0 );
@@ -8386,7 +8570,7 @@ case OP_MaxPgcnt: {            /* out2 */
 ** The result of the function is stored
 ** in register P3.  Register P3 must not be one of the function inputs.
 **
-** P1 is a 32-bit bitmask indicating whether or not each argument to the 
+** P1 is a 32-bit bitmask indicating whether or not each argument to the
 ** function was determined to be constant at compile time. If the first
 ** argument was constant then bit 0 of P1 is set. This is used to determine
 ** whether meta data associated with a user function argument using the
@@ -8405,7 +8589,7 @@ case OP_MaxPgcnt: {            /* out2 */
 ** The result of the function is stored
 ** in register P3.  Register P3 must not be one of the function inputs.
 **
-** P1 is a 32-bit bitmask indicating whether or not each argument to the 
+** P1 is a 32-bit bitmask indicating whether or not each argument to the
 ** function was determined to be constant at compile time. If the first
 ** argument was constant then bit 0 of P1 is set. This is used to determine
 ** whether meta data associated with a user function argument using the
@@ -8415,7 +8599,7 @@ case OP_MaxPgcnt: {            /* out2 */
 ** This opcode works exactly like OP_Function.  The only difference is in
 ** its name.  This opcode is used in places where the function must be
 ** purely non-deterministic.  Some built-in date/time functions can be
-** either determinitic of non-deterministic, depending on their arguments.
+** either deterministic of non-deterministic, depending on their arguments.
 ** When those function are used in a non-deterministic way, they will check
 ** to see if they were called using OP_PureFunc instead of OP_Function, and
 ** if they were, they throw an error.
@@ -8433,7 +8617,7 @@ case OP_Function: {            /* group */
   /* If this function is inside of a trigger, the register array in aMem[]
   ** might change from one evaluation to the next.  The next block of code
   ** checks to see if the register array has changed, and if so it
-  ** reinitializes the relavant parts of the sqlite3_context object */
+  ** reinitializes the relevant parts of the sqlite3_context object */
   pOut = &aMem[pOp->p3];
   if( pCtx->pOut != pOut ){
     pCtx->pVdbe = p;
@@ -8465,7 +8649,7 @@ case OP_Function: {            /* group */
     if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
   }
 
-  assert( (pOut->flags&MEM_Str)==0 
+  assert( (pOut->flags&MEM_Str)==0
        || pOut->enc==encoding
        || db->mallocFailed );
   assert( !sqlite3VdbeMemTooBig(pOut) );
@@ -8509,7 +8693,7 @@ case OP_FilterAdd: {
     printf("hash: %llu modulo %d -> %u\n", h, pIn1->n, (int)(h%pIn1->n));
   }
 #endif
-  h %= pIn1->n;
+  h %= (pIn1->n*8);
   pIn1->z[h/8] |= 1<<(h&7);
   break;
 }
@@ -8545,7 +8729,7 @@ case OP_Filter: {          /* jump */
     printf("hash: %llu modulo %d -> %u\n", h, pIn1->n, (int)(h%pIn1->n));
   }
 #endif
-  h %= pIn1->n;
+  h %= (pIn1->n*8);
   if( (pIn1->z[h/8] & (1<<(h&7)))==0 ){
     VdbeBranchTaken(1, 2);
     p->aCounter[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT]++;
@@ -8797,7 +8981,7 @@ default: {          /* This is really OP_Noop, OP_Explain */
       }
       if( opProperty==0xff ){
         /* Never happens.  This code exists to avoid a harmless linkage
-        ** warning aboud sqlite3VdbeRegisterDump() being defined but not
+        ** warning about sqlite3VdbeRegisterDump() being defined but not
         ** used. */
         sqlite3VdbeRegisterDump(p);
       }
@@ -8834,7 +9018,7 @@ default: {          /* This is really OP_Noop, OP_Explain */
   p->rc = rc;
   sqlite3SystemError(db, rc);
   testcase( sqlite3GlobalConfig.xLog!=0 );
-  sqlite3_log(rc, "statement aborts at %d: [%s] %s", 
+  sqlite3_log(rc, "statement aborts at %d: [%s] %s",
                    (int)(pOp - aOp), p->zSql, p->zErrMsg);
   if( p->eVdbeState==VDBE_RUN_STATE ) sqlite3VdbeHalt(p);
   if( rc==SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM ) sqlite3OomFault(db);
@@ -8876,8 +9060,8 @@ default: {          /* This is really OP_Noop, OP_Explain */
   if( DbMaskNonZero(p->lockMask) ){
     sqlite3VdbeLeave(p);
   }
-  assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || nExtraDelete==0 
-       || sqlite3_strlike("DELETE%",p->zSql,0)!=0 
+  assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || nExtraDelete==0
+       || sqlite3_strlike("DELETE%",p->zSql,0)!=0
   );
   return rc;
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbe.h b/sqlite/src/vdbe.h
index d28837f9..f44f24f9 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbe.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbe.h
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeBytecodeVtabInit(sqlite3*);
 ** The VdbeCoverage macros are used to set a coverage testing point
 ** for VDBE branch instructions.  The coverage testing points are line
 ** numbers in the sqlite3.c source file.  VDBE branch coverage testing
-** only works with an amalagmation build.  That's ok since a VDBE branch
+** only works with an amalgamation build.  That's ok since a VDBE branch
 ** coverage build designed for testing the test suite only.  No application
 ** should ever ship with VDBE branch coverage measuring turned on.
 **
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeBytecodeVtabInit(sqlite3*);
 **                                     // NULL option is not possible
 **
 **    VdbeCoverageEqNe(v)              // Previous OP_Jump is only interested
-**                                     // in distingishing equal and not-equal.
+**                                     // in distinguishing equal and not-equal.
 **
 ** Every VDBE branch operation must be tagged with one of the macros above.
 ** If not, then when "make test" is run with -DSQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE and
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeBytecodeVtabInit(sqlite3*);
 ** During testing, the test application will invoke
 ** sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE,...) to set a callback
 ** routine that is invoked as each bytecode branch is taken.  The callback
-** contains the sqlite3.c source line number ov the VdbeCoverage macro and
+** contains the sqlite3.c source line number of the VdbeCoverage macro and
 ** flags to indicate whether or not the branch was taken.  The test application
 ** is responsible for keeping track of this and reporting byte-code branches
 ** that are never taken.
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbeInt.h b/sqlite/src/vdbeInt.h
index b901a018..2a23c3f2 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbeInt.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbeInt.h
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ typedef struct VdbeSorter VdbeSorter;
 /* Elements of the linked list at Vdbe.pAuxData */
 typedef struct AuxData AuxData;
 
+/* A cache of large TEXT or BLOB values in a VdbeCursor */
+typedef struct VdbeTxtBlbCache VdbeTxtBlbCache;
+
 /* Types of VDBE cursors */
 #define CURTYPE_BTREE       0
 #define CURTYPE_SORTER      1
@@ -87,6 +90,7 @@ struct VdbeCursor {
   Bool useRandomRowid:1;  /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
   Bool isOrdered:1;       /* True if the table is not BTREE_UNORDERED */
   Bool noReuse:1;         /* OpenEphemeral may not reuse this cursor */
+  Bool colCache:1;        /* pCache pointer is initialized and non-NULL */
   u16 seekHit;            /* See the OP_SeekHit and OP_IfNoHope opcodes */
   union {                 /* pBtx for isEphermeral.  pAltMap otherwise */
     Btree *pBtx;            /* Separate file holding temporary table */
@@ -127,6 +131,7 @@ struct VdbeCursor {
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_USED_MASK
   u64 maskUsed;           /* Mask of columns used by this cursor */
 #endif
+  VdbeTxtBlbCache *pCache; /* Cache of large TEXT or BLOB values */
 
   /* 2*nField extra array elements allocated for aType[], beyond the one
   ** static element declared in the structure.  nField total array slots for
@@ -139,17 +144,30 @@ struct VdbeCursor {
 #define IsNullCursor(P) \
   ((P)->eCurType==CURTYPE_PSEUDO && (P)->nullRow && (P)->seekResult==0)
 
-
 /*
 ** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheStatus that means the cache is always invalid.
 */
 #define CACHE_STALE 0
 
+/*
+** Large TEXT or BLOB values can be slow to load, so we want to avoid
+** loading them more than once.  For that reason, large TEXT and BLOB values
+** can be stored in a cache defined by this object, and attached to the
+** VdbeCursor using the pCache field.
+*/
+struct VdbeTxtBlbCache {
+  char *pCValue;        /* A RCStr buffer to hold the value */
+  i64 iOffset;          /* File offset of the row being cached */
+  int iCol;             /* Column for which the cache is valid */
+  u32 cacheStatus;      /* Vdbe.cacheCtr value */
+  u32 colCacheCtr;      /* Column cache counter */
+};
+
 /*
 ** When a sub-program is executed (OP_Program), a structure of this type
 ** is allocated to store the current value of the program counter, as
 ** well as the current memory cell array and various other frame specific
-** values stored in the Vdbe struct. When the sub-program is finished, 
+** values stored in the Vdbe struct. When the sub-program is finished,
 ** these values are copied back to the Vdbe from the VdbeFrame structure,
 ** restoring the state of the VM to as it was before the sub-program
 ** began executing.
@@ -263,7 +281,7 @@ struct sqlite3_value {
 **
 **  *  MEM_Blob|MEM_Zero       A blob in Mem.z of length Mem.n plus
 **                             MEM.u.i extra 0x00 bytes at the end.
-**                                       
+**
 **  *  MEM_Int                 Integer stored in Mem.u.i.
 **
 **  *  MEM_Real                Real stored in Mem.u.r.
@@ -277,7 +295,7 @@ struct sqlite3_value {
 ** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
 ** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
 ** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
-** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real 
+** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
 ** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
 */
 #define MEM_Undefined 0x0000   /* Value is undefined */
@@ -330,7 +348,7 @@ struct sqlite3_value {
 ** Return true if a memory cell has been initialized and is valid.
 ** is for use inside assert() statements only.
 **
-** A Memory cell is initialized if at least one of the 
+** A Memory cell is initialized if at least one of the
 ** MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Int, MEM_Real, MEM_Blob, or MEM_IntReal bits
 ** is set.  It is "undefined" if all those bits are zero.
 */
@@ -339,7 +357,7 @@ struct sqlite3_value {
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Each auxiliary data pointer stored by a user defined function 
+** Each auxiliary data pointer stored by a user defined function
 ** implementation calling sqlite3_set_auxdata() is stored in an instance
 ** of this structure. All such structures associated with a single VM
 ** are stored in a linked list headed at Vdbe.pAuxData. All are destroyed
@@ -388,7 +406,7 @@ typedef unsigned bft;  /* Bit Field Type */
 ** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() interface.
 **
 ** aAddrRange[]:
-**   This array is used by ScanStatus elements associated with EQP 
+**   This array is used by ScanStatus elements associated with EQP
 **   notes that make an SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE value available. It is
 **   an array of up to 3 ranges of VM addresses for which the Vdbe.anCycle[]
 **   values should be summed to calculate the NCYCLE value. Each pair of
@@ -465,16 +483,18 @@ struct Vdbe {
   u32 nWrite;             /* Number of write operations that have occurred */
 #endif
   u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
+  u16 nResAlloc;          /* Column slots allocated to aColName[] */
   u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
   u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
   u8 prepFlags;           /* SQLITE_PREPARE_* flags */
   u8 eVdbeState;          /* On of the VDBE_*_STATE values */
   bft expired:2;          /* 1: recompile VM immediately  2: when convenient */
-  bft explain:2;          /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
+  bft explain:2;          /* 0: normal, 1: EXPLAIN, 2: EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
   bft changeCntOn:1;      /* True to update the change-counter */
   bft usesStmtJournal:1;  /* True if uses a statement journal */
   bft readOnly:1;         /* True for statements that do not write */
   bft bIsReader:1;        /* True for statements that read */
+  bft haveEqpOps:1;       /* Bytecode supports EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
   yDbMask btreeMask;      /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
   yDbMask lockMask;       /* Subset of btreeMask that requires a lock */
   u32 aCounter[9];        /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
@@ -505,7 +525,7 @@ struct Vdbe {
 #define VDBE_HALT_STATE     3   /* Finished.  Need reset() or finalize() */
 
 /*
-** Structure used to store the context required by the 
+** Structure used to store the context required by the
 ** sqlite3_preupdate_*() API functions.
 */
 struct PreUpdate {
@@ -521,7 +541,7 @@ struct PreUpdate {
   i64 iKey1;                      /* First key value passed to hook */
   i64 iKey2;                      /* Second key value passed to hook */
   Mem *aNew;                      /* Array of new.* values */
-  Table *pTab;                    /* Schema object being upated */          
+  Table *pTab;                    /* Schema object being updated */
   Index *pPk;                     /* PK index if pTab is WITHOUT ROWID */
 };
 
@@ -611,6 +631,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeMemSetZeroBlob(Mem*,int);
 int sqlite3VdbeMemIsRowSet(const Mem*);
 #endif
 int sqlite3VdbeMemSetRowSet(Mem*);
+void sqlite3VdbeMemZeroTerminateIfAble(Mem*);
 int sqlite3VdbeMemMakeWriteable(Mem*);
 int sqlite3VdbeMemStringify(Mem*, u8, u8);
 int sqlite3IntFloatCompare(i64,double);
@@ -667,7 +688,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeValueListFree(void*);
 # define sqlite3VdbeAssertAbortable(V)
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) 
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE)
   void sqlite3VdbeEnter(Vdbe*);
 #else
 # define sqlite3VdbeEnter(X)
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbeapi.c b/sqlite/src/vdbeapi.c
index d8fcda96..31ebbc69 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbeapi.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbeapi.c
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value *pOrig){
 void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value *pOld){
   sqlite3ValueFree(pOld);
 }
-  
+ 
 
 /**************************** sqlite3_result_  *******************************
 ** The following routines are used by user-defined functions to specify
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value *pOld){
 ** is too big or if an OOM occurs.
 **
 ** The invokeValueDestructor(P,X) routine invokes destructor function X()
-** on value P is not going to be used and need to be destroyed.
+** on value P if P is not going to be used and need to be destroyed.
 */
 static void setResultStrOrError(
   sqlite3_context *pCtx,  /* Function context */
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ static void setResultStrOrError(
 static int invokeValueDestructor(
   const void *p,             /* Value to destroy */
   void (*xDel)(void*),       /* The destructor */
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx      /* Set a SQLITE_TOOBIG error if no NULL */
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx      /* Set a SQLITE_TOOBIG error if not NULL */
 ){
   assert( xDel!=SQLITE_DYNAMIC );
   if( xDel==0 ){
@@ -415,27 +415,46 @@ static int invokeValueDestructor(
   }else{
     xDel((void*)p);
   }
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx!=0 ){
+    sqlite3_result_error_toobig(pCtx);
+  }
+#else
+  assert( pCtx!=0 );
   sqlite3_result_error_toobig(pCtx);
+#endif
   return SQLITE_TOOBIG;
 }
 void sqlite3_result_blob(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const void *z, 
-  int n, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const void *z,
+  int n,
   void (*xDel)(void *)
 ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 || n<0 ){
+    invokeValueDestructor(z, xDel, pCtx);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
   assert( n>=0 );
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   setResultStrOrError(pCtx, z, n, 0, xDel);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_blob64(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const void *z, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const void *z,
   sqlite3_uint64 n,
   void (*xDel)(void *)
 ){
-  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   assert( xDel!=SQLITE_DYNAMIC );
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ){
+    invokeValueDestructor(z, xDel, 0);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
+  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   if( n>0x7fffffff ){
     (void)invokeValueDestructor(z, xDel, pCtx);
   }else{
@@ -443,30 +462,48 @@ void sqlite3_result_blob64(
   }
 }
 void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context *pCtx, double rVal){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(pCtx->pOut, rVal);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context *pCtx, const char *z, int n){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   pCtx->isError = SQLITE_ERROR;
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pCtx->pOut, z, n, SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
 }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
 void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context *pCtx, const void *z, int n){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   pCtx->isError = SQLITE_ERROR;
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pCtx->pOut, z, n, SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
 }
 #endif
 void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int iVal){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pCtx->pOut, (i64)iVal);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context *pCtx, i64 iVal){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pCtx->pOut, iVal);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pCtx->pOut);
 }
@@ -476,34 +513,57 @@ void sqlite3_result_pointer(
   const char *zPType,
   void (*xDestructor)(void*)
 ){
-  Mem *pOut = pCtx->pOut;
+  Mem *pOut;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ){
+    invokeValueDestructor(pPtr, xDestructor, 0);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
+  pOut = pCtx->pOut;
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(pOut);
   pOut->flags = MEM_Null;
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetPointer(pOut, pPtr, zPType, xDestructor);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context *pCtx, unsigned int eSubtype){
-  Mem *pOut = pCtx->pOut;
+  Mem *pOut;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
+  pOut = pCtx->pOut;
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pOut->db->mutex) );
   pOut->eSubtype = eSubtype & 0xff;
   pOut->flags |= MEM_Subtype;
 }
 void sqlite3_result_text(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const char *z, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const char *z,
   int n,
   void (*xDel)(void *)
 ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ){
+    invokeValueDestructor(z, xDel, 0);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   setResultStrOrError(pCtx, z, n, SQLITE_UTF8, xDel);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_text64(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const char *z, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const char *z,
   sqlite3_uint64 n,
   void (*xDel)(void *),
   unsigned char enc
 ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ){
+    invokeValueDestructor(z, xDel, 0);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   assert( xDel!=SQLITE_DYNAMIC );
   if( enc!=SQLITE_UTF8 ){
@@ -514,31 +574,32 @@ void sqlite3_result_text64(
     (void)invokeValueDestructor(z, xDel, pCtx);
   }else{
     setResultStrOrError(pCtx, z, (int)n, enc, xDel);
+    sqlite3VdbeMemZeroTerminateIfAble(pCtx->pOut);
   }
 }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
 void sqlite3_result_text16(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const void *z, 
-  int n, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const void *z,
+  int n,
   void (*xDel)(void *)
 ){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   setResultStrOrError(pCtx, z, n & ~(u64)1, SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE, xDel);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_text16be(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const void *z, 
-  int n, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const void *z,
+  int n,
   void (*xDel)(void *)
 ){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   setResultStrOrError(pCtx, z, n & ~(u64)1, SQLITE_UTF16BE, xDel);
 }
 void sqlite3_result_text16le(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  const void *z, 
-  int n, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  const void *z,
+  int n,
   void (*xDel)(void *)
 ){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
@@ -546,7 +607,16 @@ void sqlite3_result_text16le(
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16 */
 void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context *pCtx, sqlite3_value *pValue){
-  Mem *pOut = pCtx->pOut;
+  Mem *pOut;
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+  if( pValue==0 ){
+    sqlite3_result_null(pCtx);
+    return;
+  }
+#endif
+  pOut = pCtx->pOut;
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemCopy(pOut, pValue);
   sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pOut, pCtx->enc);
@@ -558,7 +628,12 @@ void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int n){
   sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(pCtx, n>0 ? n : 0);
 }
 int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context *pCtx, u64 n){
-  Mem *pOut = pCtx->pOut;
+  Mem *pOut;
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
+  pOut = pCtx->pOut;
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pOut->db->mutex) );
   if( n>(u64)pOut->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ){
     sqlite3_result_error_toobig(pCtx);
@@ -572,6 +647,9 @@ int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context *pCtx, u64 n){
 #endif
 }
 void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int errCode){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   pCtx->isError = errCode ? errCode : -1;
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
   if( pCtx->pVdbe ) pCtx->pVdbe->rcApp = errCode;
@@ -584,14 +662,20 @@ void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int errCode){
 
 /* Force an SQLITE_TOOBIG error. */
 void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   pCtx->isError = SQLITE_TOOBIG;
-  sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pCtx->pOut, "string or blob too big", -1, 
+  sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pCtx->pOut, "string or blob too big", -1,
                        SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_STATIC);
 }
 
 /* An SQLITE_NOMEM error. */
 void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pCtx->pOut);
   pCtx->isError = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
@@ -603,7 +687,7 @@ void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 ** a MEM_IntReal value.  See the SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL
 ** test-control.
 */
-void sqlite3ResultIntReal(sqlite3_context *pCtx){ 
+void sqlite3ResultIntReal(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
   if( pCtx->pOut->flags & MEM_Int ){
     pCtx->pOut->flags &= ~MEM_Int;
@@ -614,7 +698,7 @@ void sqlite3ResultIntReal(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 
 
 /*
-** This function is called after a transaction has been committed. It 
+** This function is called after a transaction has been committed. It
 ** invokes callbacks registered with sqlite3_wal_hook() as required.
 */
 static int doWalCallbacks(sqlite3 *db){
@@ -643,7 +727,7 @@ static int doWalCallbacks(sqlite3 *db){
 ** statement is completely executed or an error occurs.
 **
 ** This routine implements the bulk of the logic behind the sqlite_step()
-** API.  The only thing omitted is the automatic recompile if a 
+** API.  The only thing omitted is the automatic recompile if a
 ** schema change has occurred.  That detail is handled by the
 ** outer sqlite3_step() wrapper procedure.
 */
@@ -660,11 +744,11 @@ static int sqlite3Step(Vdbe *p){
         p->rc = SQLITE_SCHEMA;
         rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
         if( (p->prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_SAVESQL)!=0 ){
-          /* If this statement was prepared using saved SQL and an 
+          /* If this statement was prepared using saved SQL and an
           ** error has occurred, then return the error code in p->rc to the
           ** caller. Set the error code in the database handle to the same
           ** value.
-          */ 
+          */
           rc = sqlite3VdbeTransferError(p);
         }
         goto end_of_step;
@@ -678,7 +762,7 @@ static int sqlite3Step(Vdbe *p){
         AtomicStore(&db->u1.isInterrupted, 0);
       }
 
-      assert( db->nVdbeWrite>0 || db->autoCommit==0 
+      assert( db->nVdbeWrite>0 || db->autoCommit==0
           || (db->nDeferredCons==0 && db->nDeferredImmCons==0)
       );
 
@@ -703,15 +787,15 @@ static int sqlite3Step(Vdbe *p){
       ** sqlite3_step() after any error or after SQLITE_DONE.  But beginning
       ** with version 3.7.0, we changed this so that sqlite3_reset() would
       ** be called automatically instead of throwing the SQLITE_MISUSE error.
-      ** This "automatic-reset" change is not technically an incompatibility, 
+      ** This "automatic-reset" change is not technically an incompatibility,
       ** since any application that receives an SQLITE_MISUSE is broken by
       ** definition.
       **
       ** Nevertheless, some published applications that were originally written
-      ** for version 3.6.23 or earlier do in fact depend on SQLITE_MISUSE 
+      ** for version 3.6.23 or earlier do in fact depend on SQLITE_MISUSE
       ** returns, and those were broken by the automatic-reset change.  As a
       ** a work-around, the SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET compile-time restores the
-      ** legacy behavior of returning SQLITE_MISUSE for cases where the 
+      ** legacy behavior of returning SQLITE_MISUSE for cases where the
       ** previous sqlite3_step() returned something other than a SQLITE_LOCKED
       ** or SQLITE_BUSY error.
       */
@@ -761,10 +845,10 @@ static int sqlite3Step(Vdbe *p){
         rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
       }
     }else if( rc!=SQLITE_DONE && (p->prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_SAVESQL)!=0 ){
-      /* If this statement was prepared using saved SQL and an 
+      /* If this statement was prepared using saved SQL and an
       ** error has occurred, then return the error code in p->rc to the
       ** caller. Set the error code in the database handle to the same value.
-      */ 
+      */
       rc = sqlite3VdbeTransferError(p);
     }
   }
@@ -778,7 +862,7 @@ static int sqlite3Step(Vdbe *p){
   /* There are only a limited number of result codes allowed from the
   ** statements prepared using the legacy sqlite3_prepare() interface */
   assert( (p->prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_SAVESQL)!=0
-       || rc==SQLITE_ROW  || rc==SQLITE_DONE   || rc==SQLITE_ERROR 
+       || rc==SQLITE_ROW  || rc==SQLITE_DONE   || rc==SQLITE_ERROR
        || (rc&0xff)==SQLITE_BUSY || rc==SQLITE_MISUSE
   );
   return (rc&db->errMask);
@@ -805,15 +889,15 @@ int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
     int savedPc = v->pc;
     rc = sqlite3Reprepare(v);
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
-      /* This case occurs after failing to recompile an sql statement. 
-      ** The error message from the SQL compiler has already been loaded 
-      ** into the database handle. This block copies the error message 
+      /* This case occurs after failing to recompile an sql statement.
+      ** The error message from the SQL compiler has already been loaded
+      ** into the database handle. This block copies the error message
       ** from the database handle into the statement and sets the statement
-      ** program counter to 0 to ensure that when the statement is 
+      ** program counter to 0 to ensure that when the statement is
       ** finalized or reset the parser error message is available via
       ** sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errcode().
       */
-      const char *zErr = (const char *)sqlite3_value_text(db->pErr); 
+      const char *zErr = (const char *)sqlite3_value_text(db->pErr);
       sqlite3DbFree(db, v->zErrMsg);
       if( !db->mallocFailed ){
         v->zErrMsg = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, zErr);
@@ -844,7 +928,11 @@ int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
 ** pointer to it.
 */
 void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context *p){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( p==0 ) return 0;
+#else
   assert( p && p->pFunc );
+#endif
   return p->pFunc->pUserData;
 }
 
@@ -859,7 +947,11 @@ void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context *p){
 ** application defined function.
 */
 sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context *p){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( p==0 ) return 0;
+#else
   assert( p && p->pOut );
+#endif
   return p->pOut->db;
 }
 
@@ -878,7 +970,11 @@ sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context *p){
 ** value, as a signal to the xUpdate routine that the column is unchanged.
 */
 int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context *p){
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( p==0 ) return 0;
+#else
   assert( p );
+#endif
   return sqlite3_value_nochange(p->pOut);
 }
 
@@ -886,7 +982,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context *p){
 ** The destructor function for a ValueList object.  This needs to be
 ** a separate function, unknowable to the application, to ensure that
 ** calls to sqlite3_vtab_in_first()/sqlite3_vtab_in_next() that are not
-** preceeded by activation of IN processing via sqlite3_vtab_int() do not
+** preceded by activation of IN processing via sqlite3_vtab_int() do not
 ** try to access a fake ValueList object inserted by a hostile extension.
 */
 void sqlite3VdbeValueListFree(void *pToDelete){
@@ -906,7 +1002,7 @@ static int valueFromValueList(
   ValueList *pRhs;
 
   *ppOut = 0;
-  if( pVal==0 ) return SQLITE_MISUSE;
+  if( pVal==0 ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
   if( (pVal->flags & MEM_Dyn)==0 || pVal->xDel!=sqlite3VdbeValueListFree ){
     return SQLITE_ERROR;
   }else{
@@ -1037,6 +1133,9 @@ void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context *p, int nByte){
 void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int iArg){
   AuxData *pAuxData;
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return 0;
+#endif
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
 #if SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
   if( pCtx->pVdbe==0 ) return 0;
@@ -1063,14 +1162,18 @@ void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context *pCtx, int iArg){
 ** access code.
 */
 void sqlite3_set_auxdata(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
-  int iArg, 
-  void *pAux, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
+  int iArg,
+  void *pAux,
   void (*xDelete)(void*)
 ){
   AuxData *pAuxData;
-  Vdbe *pVdbe = pCtx->pVdbe;
+  Vdbe *pVdbe;
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pCtx==0 ) return;
+#endif
+  pVdbe= pCtx->pVdbe;
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(pCtx->pOut->db->mutex) );
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
   if( pVdbe==0 ) goto failed;
@@ -1107,7 +1210,7 @@ void sqlite3_set_auxdata(
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
 /*
-** Return the number of times the Step function of an aggregate has been 
+** Return the number of times the Step function of an aggregate has been
 ** called.
 **
 ** This function is deprecated.  Do not use it for new code.  It is
@@ -1126,7 +1229,8 @@ int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context *p){
 */
 int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
   Vdbe *pVm = (Vdbe *)pStmt;
-  return pVm ? pVm->nResColumn : 0;
+  if( pVm==0 ) return 0;
+  return pVm->nResColumn;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1152,9 +1256,9 @@ static const Mem *columnNullValue(void){
   ** these assert()s from failing, when building with SQLITE_DEBUG defined
   ** using gcc, we force nullMem to be 8-byte aligned using the magical
   ** __attribute__((aligned(8))) macro.  */
-  static const Mem nullMem 
+  static const Mem nullMem
 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) && defined(__GNUC__)
-    __attribute__((aligned(8))) 
+    __attribute__((aligned(8)))
 #endif
     = {
         /* .u          = */ {0},
@@ -1200,9 +1304,9 @@ static Mem *columnMem(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i){
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is called after invoking an sqlite3_value_XXX function on a 
+** This function is called after invoking an sqlite3_value_XXX function on a
 ** column value (i.e. a value returned by evaluating an SQL expression in the
-** select list of a SELECT statement) that may cause a malloc() failure. If 
+** select list of a SELECT statement) that may cause a malloc() failure. If
 ** malloc() has failed, the threads mallocFailed flag is cleared and the result
 ** code of statement pStmt set to SQLITE_NOMEM.
 **
@@ -1215,7 +1319,7 @@ static Mem *columnMem(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i){
 **     sqlite3_column_real()
 **     sqlite3_column_bytes()
 **     sqlite3_column_bytes16()
-**     sqiite3_column_blob()
+**     sqlite3_column_blob()
 */
 static void columnMallocFailure(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt)
 {
@@ -1241,8 +1345,8 @@ const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i){
   const void *val;
   val = sqlite3_value_blob( columnMem(pStmt,i) );
   /* Even though there is no encoding conversion, value_blob() might
-  ** need to call malloc() to expand the result of a zeroblob() 
-  ** expression. 
+  ** need to call malloc() to expand the result of a zeroblob()
+  ** expression.
   */
   columnMallocFailure(pStmt);
   return val;
@@ -1299,6 +1403,32 @@ int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i){
   return iType;
 }
 
+/*
+** Column names appropriate for EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
+*/
+static const char * const azExplainColNames8[] = {
+   "addr", "opcode", "p1", "p2", "p3", "p4", "p5", "comment",  /* EXPLAIN */
+   "id", "parent", "notused", "detail"                         /* EQP */
+};
+static const u16 azExplainColNames16data[] = {
+  /*   0 */  'a', 'd', 'd', 'r',                0,
+  /*   5 */  'o', 'p', 'c', 'o', 'd', 'e',      0,
+  /*  12 */  'p', '1',                          0, 
+  /*  15 */  'p', '2',                          0,
+  /*  18 */  'p', '3',                          0,
+  /*  21 */  'p', '4',                          0,
+  /*  24 */  'p', '5',                          0,
+  /*  27 */  'c', 'o', 'm', 'm', 'e', 'n', 't', 0,
+  /*  35 */  'i', 'd',                          0,
+  /*  38 */  'p', 'a', 'r', 'e', 'n', 't',      0,
+  /*  45 */  'n', 'o', 't', 'u', 's', 'e', 'd', 0,
+  /*  53 */  'd', 'e', 't', 'a', 'i', 'l',      0
+};
+static const u8 iExplainColNames16[] = {
+  0, 5, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27,
+  35, 38, 45, 53
+};
+
 /*
 ** Convert the N-th element of pStmt->pColName[] into a string using
 ** xFunc() then return that string.  If N is out of range, return 0.
@@ -1331,15 +1461,29 @@ static const void *columnName(
     return 0;
   }
 #endif
+  if( N<0 ) return 0;
   ret = 0;
   p = (Vdbe *)pStmt;
   db = p->db;
   assert( db!=0 );
-  n = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
-  if( N<n && N>=0 ){
+  sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
+
+  if( p->explain ){
+    if( useType>0 ) goto columnName_end;
+    n = p->explain==1 ? 8 : 4;
+    if( N>=n ) goto columnName_end;
+    if( useUtf16 ){
+      int i = iExplainColNames16[N + 8*p->explain - 8];
+      ret = (void*)&azExplainColNames16data[i];
+    }else{
+      ret = (void*)azExplainColNames8[N + 8*p->explain - 8];
+    }
+    goto columnName_end;
+  }
+  n = p->nResColumn;
+  if( N<n ){
     u8 prior_mallocFailed = db->mallocFailed;
     N += useType*n;
-    sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
     if( useUtf16 ){
       ret = sqlite3_value_text16((sqlite3_value*)&p->aColName[N]);
@@ -1356,8 +1500,9 @@ static const void *columnName(
       sqlite3OomClear(db);
       ret = 0;
     }
-    sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
   }
+columnName_end:
+  sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
   return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1444,13 +1589,13 @@ const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int N){
 
 
 /******************************* sqlite3_bind_  ***************************
-** 
+**
 ** Routines used to attach values to wildcards in a compiled SQL statement.
 */
 /*
-** Unbind the value bound to variable i in virtual machine p. This is the 
+** Unbind the value bound to variable i in virtual machine p. This is the
 ** the same as binding a NULL value to the column. If the "i" parameter is
-** out of range, then SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Othewise SQLITE_OK.
+** out of range, then SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Otherwise SQLITE_OK.
 **
 ** A successful evaluation of this routine acquires the mutex on p.
 ** the mutex is released if any kind of error occurs.
@@ -1465,9 +1610,9 @@ static int vdbeUnbind(Vdbe *p, unsigned int i){
   }
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(p->db->mutex);
   if( p->eVdbeState!=VDBE_READY_STATE ){
-    sqlite3Error(p->db, SQLITE_MISUSE);
+    sqlite3Error(p->db, SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT);
     sqlite3_mutex_leave(p->db->mutex);
-    sqlite3_log(SQLITE_MISUSE, 
+    sqlite3_log(SQLITE_MISUSE,
         "bind on a busy prepared statement: [%s]", p->zSql);
     return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
   }
@@ -1481,7 +1626,7 @@ static int vdbeUnbind(Vdbe *p, unsigned int i){
   pVar->flags = MEM_Null;
   p->db->errCode = SQLITE_OK;
 
-  /* If the bit corresponding to this variable in Vdbe.expmask is set, then 
+  /* If the bit corresponding to this variable in Vdbe.expmask is set, then
   ** binding a new value to this variable invalidates the current query plan.
   **
   ** IMPLEMENTATION-OF: R-57496-20354 If the specific value bound to a host
@@ -1537,10 +1682,10 @@ static int bindText(
 ** Bind a blob value to an SQL statement variable.
 */
 int sqlite3_bind_blob(
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, 
-  int i, 
-  const void *zData, 
-  int nData, 
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
+  int i,
+  const void *zData,
+  int nData,
   void (*xDel)(void*)
 ){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
@@ -1549,10 +1694,10 @@ int sqlite3_bind_blob(
   return bindText(pStmt, i, zData, nData, xDel, 0);
 }
 int sqlite3_bind_blob64(
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, 
-  int i, 
-  const void *zData, 
-  sqlite3_uint64 nData, 
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
+  int i,
+  const void *zData,
+  sqlite3_uint64 nData,
   void (*xDel)(void*)
 ){
   assert( xDel!=SQLITE_DYNAMIC );
@@ -1608,20 +1753,20 @@ int sqlite3_bind_pointer(
   }
   return rc;
 }
-int sqlite3_bind_text( 
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, 
-  int i, 
-  const char *zData, 
-  int nData, 
+int sqlite3_bind_text(
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
+  int i,
+  const char *zData,
+  int nData,
   void (*xDel)(void*)
 ){
   return bindText(pStmt, i, zData, nData, xDel, SQLITE_UTF8);
 }
-int sqlite3_bind_text64( 
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, 
-  int i, 
-  const char *zData, 
-  sqlite3_uint64 nData, 
+int sqlite3_bind_text64(
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
+  int i,
+  const char *zData,
+  sqlite3_uint64 nData,
   void (*xDel)(void*),
   unsigned char enc
 ){
@@ -1634,10 +1779,10 @@ int sqlite3_bind_text64(
 }
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UTF16
 int sqlite3_bind_text16(
-  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, 
-  int i, 
-  const void *zData, 
-  int n, 
+  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,
+  int i,
+  const void *zData,
+  int n,
   void (*xDel)(void*)
 ){
   return bindText(pStmt, i, zData, n & ~(u64)1, xDel, SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE);
@@ -1652,7 +1797,7 @@ int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i, const sqlite3_value *pValue){
     }
     case SQLITE_FLOAT: {
       assert( pValue->flags & (MEM_Real|MEM_IntReal) );
-      rc = sqlite3_bind_double(pStmt, i, 
+      rc = sqlite3_bind_double(pStmt, i,
           (pValue->flags & MEM_Real) ? pValue->u.r : (double)pValue->u.i
       );
       break;
@@ -1694,6 +1839,9 @@ int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i, int n){
 int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i, sqlite3_uint64 n){
   int rc;
   Vdbe *p = (Vdbe *)pStmt;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( p==0 ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(p->db->mutex);
   if( n>(u64)p->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] ){
     rc = SQLITE_TOOBIG;
@@ -1708,7 +1856,7 @@ int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int i, sqlite3_uint64 n){
 
 /*
 ** Return the number of wildcards that can be potentially bound to.
-** This routine is added to support DBD::SQLite.  
+** This routine is added to support DBD::SQLite. 
 */
 int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
   Vdbe *p = (Vdbe*)pStmt;
@@ -1814,6 +1962,42 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
   return pStmt ? ((Vdbe*)pStmt)->explain : 0;
 }
 
+/*
+** Set the explain mode for a statement.
+*/
+int sqlite3_stmt_explain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int eMode){
+  Vdbe *v = (Vdbe*)pStmt;
+  int rc;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( pStmt==0 ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+#endif
+  sqlite3_mutex_enter(v->db->mutex);
+  if( ((int)v->explain)==eMode ){
+    rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  }else if( eMode<0 || eMode>2 ){
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }else if( (v->prepFlags & SQLITE_PREPARE_SAVESQL)==0 ){
+    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }else if( v->eVdbeState!=VDBE_READY_STATE ){
+    rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
+  }else if( v->nMem>=10 && (eMode!=2 || v->haveEqpOps) ){
+    /* No reprepare necessary */
+    v->explain = eMode;
+    rc = SQLITE_OK;
+  }else{
+    v->explain = eMode;
+    rc = sqlite3Reprepare(v);
+    v->haveEqpOps = eMode==2;
+  }
+  if( v->explain ){
+    v->nResColumn = 12 - 4*v->explain;
+  }else{
+    v->nResColumn = v->nResAlloc;
+  }
+  sqlite3_mutex_leave(v->db->mutex);
+  return rc;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Return true if the prepared statement is in need of being reset.
 */
@@ -1853,7 +2037,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int op, int resetFlag){
   Vdbe *pVdbe = (Vdbe*)pStmt;
   u32 v;
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
-  if( !pStmt 
+  if( !pStmt
    || (op!=SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED && (op<0||op>=ArraySize(pVdbe->aCounter)))
   ){
     (void)SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
@@ -1934,8 +2118,8 @@ const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
 ** if successful, or a NULL pointer if an OOM error is encountered.
 */
 static UnpackedRecord *vdbeUnpackRecord(
-  KeyInfo *pKeyInfo, 
-  int nKey, 
+  KeyInfo *pKeyInfo,
+  int nKey,
   const void *pKey
 ){
   UnpackedRecord *pRet;           /* Return value */
@@ -1953,10 +2137,16 @@ static UnpackedRecord *vdbeUnpackRecord(
 ** a field of the row currently being updated or deleted.
 */
 int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *db, int iIdx, sqlite3_value **ppValue){
-  PreUpdate *p = db->pPreUpdate;
+  PreUpdate *p;
   Mem *pMem;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( db==0 || ppValue==0 ){
+    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+  }
+#endif
+  p = db->pPreUpdate;
   /* Test that this call is being made from within an SQLITE_DELETE or
   ** SQLITE_UPDATE pre-update callback, and that iIdx is within range. */
   if( !p || p->op==SQLITE_INSERT ){
@@ -2017,7 +2207,12 @@ int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *db, int iIdx, sqlite3_value **ppValue){
 ** the number of columns in the row being updated, deleted or inserted.
 */
 int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *db){
-  PreUpdate *p = db->pPreUpdate;
+  PreUpdate *p;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  p = db!=0 ? db->pPreUpdate : 0;
+#else
+  p = db->pPreUpdate;
+#endif
   return (p ? p->keyinfo.nKeyField : 0);
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
@@ -2028,14 +2223,19 @@ int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *db){
 ** only. It returns zero if the change that caused the callback was made
 ** immediately by a user SQL statement. Or, if the change was made by a
 ** trigger program, it returns the number of trigger programs currently
-** on the stack (1 for a top-level trigger, 2 for a trigger fired by a 
+** on the stack (1 for a top-level trigger, 2 for a trigger fired by a
 ** top-level trigger etc.).
 **
 ** For the purposes of the previous paragraph, a foreign key CASCADE, SET NULL
 ** or SET DEFAULT action is considered a trigger.
 */
 int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *db){
-  PreUpdate *p = db->pPreUpdate;
+  PreUpdate *p;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  p = db!=0 ? db->pPreUpdate : 0;
+#else
+  p = db->pPreUpdate;
+#endif
   return (p ? p->v->nFrame : 0);
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK */
@@ -2043,10 +2243,15 @@ int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *db){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
 /*
 ** This function is designed to be called from within a pre-update callback
-** only. 
+** only.
 */
 int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *db){
-  PreUpdate *p = db->pPreUpdate;
+  PreUpdate *p;
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  p = db!=0 ? db->pPreUpdate : 0;
+#else
+  p = db->pPreUpdate;
+#endif
   return (p ? p->iBlobWrite : -1);
 }
 #endif
@@ -2057,10 +2262,16 @@ int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *db){
 ** a field of the row currently being updated or inserted.
 */
 int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *db, int iIdx, sqlite3_value **ppValue){
-  PreUpdate *p = db->pPreUpdate;
+  PreUpdate *p;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   Mem *pMem;
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( db==0 || ppValue==0 ){
+    return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
+  }
+#endif
+  p = db->pPreUpdate;
   if( !p || p->op==SQLITE_DELETE ){
     rc = SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
     goto preupdate_new_out;
@@ -2139,11 +2350,20 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(
   void *pOut                      /* OUT: Write the answer here */
 ){
   Vdbe *p = (Vdbe*)pStmt;
-  VdbeOp *aOp = p->aOp;
-  int nOp = p->nOp;
+  VdbeOp *aOp;
+  int nOp;
   ScanStatus *pScan = 0;
   int idx;
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
+  if( p==0 || pOut==0
+      || iScanStatusOp<SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP
+      || iScanStatusOp>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE ){
+    return 1;
+  }
+#endif
+  aOp = p->aOp;
+  nOp = p->nOp;
   if( p->pFrame ){
     VdbeFrame *pFrame;
     for(pFrame=p->pFrame; pFrame->pParent; pFrame=pFrame->pParent);
@@ -2167,7 +2387,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(
     idx = iScan;
     pScan = &p->aScan[idx];
   }else{
-    /* If the COMPLEX flag is clear, then this function must ignore any 
+    /* If the COMPLEX flag is clear, then this function must ignore any
     ** ScanStatus structures with ScanStatus.addrLoop set to 0. */
     for(idx=0; idx<p->nScan; idx++){
       pScan = &p->aScan[idx];
@@ -2290,7 +2510,7 @@ int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
 void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt){
   Vdbe *p = (Vdbe*)pStmt;
   int ii;
-  for(ii=0; ii<p->nOp; ii++){
+  for(ii=0; p!=0 && ii<p->nOp; ii++){
     Op *pOp = &p->aOp[ii];
     pOp->nExec = 0;
     pOp->nCycle = 0;
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbeaux.c b/sqlite/src/vdbeaux.c
index ecbf2d89..54317b81 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbeaux.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbeaux.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 **
 *************************************************************************
 ** This file contains code used for creating, destroying, and populating
-** a VDBE (or an "sqlite3_stmt" as it is known to the outside world.) 
+** a VDBE (or an "sqlite3_stmt" as it is known to the outside world.)
 */
 #include "sqliteInt.h"
 #include "vdbeInt.h"
@@ -152,13 +152,13 @@ void sqlite3VdbeSwap(Vdbe *pA, Vdbe *pB){
 }
 
 /*
-** Resize the Vdbe.aOp array so that it is at least nOp elements larger 
+** Resize the Vdbe.aOp array so that it is at least nOp elements larger
 ** than its current size. nOp is guaranteed to be less than or equal
 ** to 1024/sizeof(Op).
 **
 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs while resizing the array, return
-** SQLITE_NOMEM. In this case Vdbe.aOp and Vdbe.nOpAlloc remain 
-** unchanged (this is so that any opcodes already allocated can be 
+** SQLITE_NOMEM. In this case Vdbe.aOp and Vdbe.nOpAlloc remain
+** unchanged (this is so that any opcodes already allocated can be
 ** correctly deallocated along with the rest of the Vdbe).
 */
 static int growOpArray(Vdbe *v, int nOp){
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ static int growOpArray(Vdbe *v, int nOp){
   Parse *p = v->pParse;
 
   /* The SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS compile-time option is designed to force
-  ** more frequent reallocs and hence provide more opportunities for 
+  ** more frequent reallocs and hence provide more opportunities for
   ** simulated OOM faults.  SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS is generally used
   ** during testing only.  With SQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS grow the op array
   ** by the minimum* amount required until the size reaches 512.  Normal
@@ -218,6 +218,35 @@ static void test_addop_breakpoint(int pc, Op *pOp){
 }
 #endif
 
+/*
+** Slow paths for sqlite3VdbeAddOp3() and sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int() for the
+** unusual case when we need to increase the size of the Vdbe.aOp[] array
+** before adding the new opcode.
+*/
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE int growOp3(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2, int p3){
+  assert( p->nOpAlloc<=p->nOp );
+  if( growOpArray(p, 1) ) return 1;
+  assert( p->nOpAlloc>p->nOp );
+  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, p3);
+}
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE int addOp4IntSlow(
+  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
+  int op,             /* The new opcode */
+  int p1,             /* The P1 operand */
+  int p2,             /* The P2 operand */
+  int p3,             /* The P3 operand */
+  int p4              /* The P4 operand as an integer */
+){
+  int addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, p3);
+  if( p->db->mallocFailed==0 ){
+    VdbeOp *pOp = &p->aOp[addr];
+    pOp->p4type = P4_INT32;
+    pOp->p4.i = p4;
+  }
+  return addr;
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Add a new instruction to the list of instructions current in the
 ** VDBE.  Return the address of the new instruction.
@@ -228,17 +257,16 @@ static void test_addop_breakpoint(int pc, Op *pOp){
 **
 **    op              The opcode for this instruction
 **
-**    p1, p2, p3      Operands
-**
-** Use the sqlite3VdbeResolveLabel() function to fix an address and
-** the sqlite3VdbeChangeP4() function to change the value of the P4
-** operand.
+**    p1, p2, p3, p4  Operands
 */
-static SQLITE_NOINLINE int growOp3(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2, int p3){
-  assert( p->nOpAlloc<=p->nOp );
-  if( growOpArray(p, 1) ) return 1;
-  assert( p->nOpAlloc>p->nOp );
-  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, p3);
+int sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(Vdbe *p, int op){
+  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+int sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1){
+  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, 0, 0);
+}
+int sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2){
+  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, 0);
 }
 int sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2, int p3){
   int i;
@@ -261,6 +289,9 @@ int sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2, int p3){
   pOp->p3 = p3;
   pOp->p4.p = 0;
   pOp->p4type = P4_NOTUSED;
+
+  /* Replicate this logic in sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int()
+  ** vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv   */
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
   pOp->zComment = 0;
 #endif
@@ -277,16 +308,59 @@ int sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2, int p3){
 #ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
   pOp->iSrcLine = 0;
 #endif
+  /* ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+  ** Replicate in sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int() */
+
   return i;
 }
-int sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(Vdbe *p, int op){
-  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, 0, 0, 0);
-}
-int sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1){
-  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, 0, 0);
-}
-int sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(Vdbe *p, int op, int p1, int p2){
-  return sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, 0);
+int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(
+  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
+  int op,             /* The new opcode */
+  int p1,             /* The P1 operand */
+  int p2,             /* The P2 operand */
+  int p3,             /* The P3 operand */
+  int p4              /* The P4 operand as an integer */
+){
+  int i;
+  VdbeOp *pOp;
+
+  i = p->nOp;
+  if( p->nOpAlloc<=i ){
+    return addOp4IntSlow(p, op, p1, p2, p3, p4);
+  }
+  p->nOp++;
+  pOp = &p->aOp[i];
+  assert( pOp!=0 );
+  pOp->opcode = (u8)op;
+  pOp->p5 = 0;
+  pOp->p1 = p1;
+  pOp->p2 = p2;
+  pOp->p3 = p3;
+  pOp->p4.i = p4;
+  pOp->p4type = P4_INT32;
+
+  /* Replicate this logic in sqlite3VdbeAddOp3()
+  ** vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv   */
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
+  pOp->zComment = 0;
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
+  pOp->nExec = 0;
+  pOp->nCycle = 0;
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  if( p->db->flags & SQLITE_VdbeAddopTrace ){
+    sqlite3VdbePrintOp(0, i, &p->aOp[i]);
+    test_addop_breakpoint(i, &p->aOp[i]);
+  }
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_VDBE_COVERAGE
+  pOp->iSrcLine = 0;
+#endif
+  /* ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+  ** Replicate in sqlite3VdbeAddOp3() */
+
+  return i;
 }
 
 /* Generate code for an unconditional jump to instruction iDest
@@ -464,7 +538,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeExplain(Parse *pParse, u8 bPush, const char *zFmt, ...){
     if( bPush){
       pParse->addrExplain = iThis;
     }
-    sqlite3VdbeScanStatus(v, iThis, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3VdbeScanStatus(v, iThis, -1, -1, 0, 0);
   }
   return addr;
 }
@@ -494,26 +568,6 @@ void sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(Vdbe *p, int iDb, char *zWhere, u16 p5){
   sqlite3MayAbort(p->pParse);
 }
 
-/*
-** Add an opcode that includes the p4 value as an integer.
-*/
-int sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(
-  Vdbe *p,            /* Add the opcode to this VM */
-  int op,             /* The new opcode */
-  int p1,             /* The P1 operand */
-  int p2,             /* The P2 operand */
-  int p3,             /* The P3 operand */
-  int p4              /* The P4 operand as an integer */
-){
-  int addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(p, op, p1, p2, p3);
-  if( p->db->mallocFailed==0 ){
-    VdbeOp *pOp = &p->aOp[addr];
-    pOp->p4type = P4_INT32;
-    pOp->p4.i = p4;
-  }
-  return addr;
-}
-
 /* Insert the end of a co-routine
 */
 void sqlite3VdbeEndCoroutine(Vdbe *v, int regYield){
@@ -624,19 +678,19 @@ void sqlite3VdbeReusable(Vdbe *p){
 
 /*
 ** The following type and function are used to iterate through all opcodes
-** in a Vdbe main program and each of the sub-programs (triggers) it may 
+** in a Vdbe main program and each of the sub-programs (triggers) it may
 ** invoke directly or indirectly. It should be used as follows:
 **
 **   Op *pOp;
 **   VdbeOpIter sIter;
 **
 **   memset(&sIter, 0, sizeof(sIter));
-**   sIter.v = v;                            // v is of type Vdbe* 
+**   sIter.v = v;                            // v is of type Vdbe*
 **   while( (pOp = opIterNext(&sIter)) ){
 **     // Do something with pOp
 **   }
 **   sqlite3DbFree(v->db, sIter.apSub);
-** 
+**
 */
 typedef struct VdbeOpIter VdbeOpIter;
 struct VdbeOpIter {
@@ -669,7 +723,7 @@ static Op *opIterNext(VdbeOpIter *p){
       p->iSub++;
       p->iAddr = 0;
     }
-  
+ 
     if( pRet->p4type==P4_SUBPROGRAM ){
       int nByte = (p->nSub+1)*sizeof(SubProgram*);
       int j;
@@ -703,7 +757,7 @@ static Op *opIterNext(VdbeOpIter *p){
 **   *  OP_VCreate
 **   *  OP_VRename
 **   *  OP_FkCounter with P2==0 (immediate foreign key constraint)
-**   *  OP_CreateBtree/BTREE_INTKEY and OP_InitCoroutine 
+**   *  OP_CreateBtree/BTREE_INTKEY and OP_InitCoroutine
 **      (for CREATE TABLE AS SELECT ...)
 **
 ** Then check that the value of Parse.mayAbort is true if an
@@ -728,12 +782,12 @@ int sqlite3VdbeAssertMayAbort(Vdbe *v, int mayAbort){
 
   while( (pOp = opIterNext(&sIter))!=0 ){
     int opcode = pOp->opcode;
-    if( opcode==OP_Destroy || opcode==OP_VUpdate || opcode==OP_VRename 
+    if( opcode==OP_Destroy || opcode==OP_VUpdate || opcode==OP_VRename
      || opcode==OP_VDestroy
      || opcode==OP_VCreate
      || opcode==OP_ParseSchema
      || opcode==OP_Function || opcode==OP_PureFunc
-     || ((opcode==OP_Halt || opcode==OP_HaltIfNull) 
+     || ((opcode==OP_Halt || opcode==OP_HaltIfNull)
       && ((pOp->p1)!=SQLITE_OK && pOp->p2==OE_Abort))
     ){
       hasAbort = 1;
@@ -742,7 +796,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeAssertMayAbort(Vdbe *v, int mayAbort){
     if( opcode==OP_CreateBtree && pOp->p3==BTREE_INTKEY ) hasCreateTable = 1;
     if( mayAbort ){
       /* hasCreateIndex may also be set for some DELETE statements that use
-      ** OP_Clear. So this routine may end up returning true in the case 
+      ** OP_Clear. So this routine may end up returning true in the case
       ** where a "DELETE FROM tbl" has a statement-journal but does not
       ** require one. This is not so bad - it is an inefficiency, not a bug. */
       if( opcode==OP_CreateBtree && pOp->p3==BTREE_BLOBKEY ) hasCreateIndex = 1;
@@ -826,7 +880,7 @@ static void resolveP2Values(Vdbe *p, int *pMaxFuncArgs){
   p->bIsReader = 0;
   pOp = &p->aOp[p->nOp-1];
   assert( p->aOp[0].opcode==OP_Init );
-  while( 1 /* Loop termates when it reaches the OP_Init opcode */ ){
+  while( 1 /* Loop terminates when it reaches the OP_Init opcode */ ){
     /* Only JUMP opcodes and the short list of special opcodes in the switch
     ** below need to be considered.  The mkopcodeh.tcl generator script groups
     ** all these opcodes together near the front of the opcode list.  Skip
@@ -892,7 +946,7 @@ static void resolveP2Values(Vdbe *p, int *pMaxFuncArgs){
       ** have non-negative values for P2. */
       assert( (sqlite3OpcodeProperty[pOp->opcode]&OPFLG_JUMP)==0 || pOp->p2>=0);
     }
-    assert( pOp>p->aOp );    
+    assert( pOp>p->aOp );   
     pOp--;
   }
 resolve_p2_values_loop_exit:
@@ -948,6 +1002,10 @@ void sqlite3VdbeNoJumpsOutsideSubrtn(
       int iDest = pOp->p2;   /* Jump destination */
       if( iDest==0 ) continue;
       if( pOp->opcode==OP_Gosub ) continue;
+      if( pOp->p3==20230325 && pOp->opcode==OP_NotNull ){
+        /* This is a deliberately taken illegal branch.  tag-20230325-2 */
+        continue;
+      }
       if( iDest<0 ){
         int j = ADDR(iDest);
         assert( j>=0 );
@@ -1041,12 +1099,12 @@ void sqlite3VdbeVerifyAbortable(Vdbe *p, int onError){
 /*
 ** This function returns a pointer to the array of opcodes associated with
 ** the Vdbe passed as the first argument. It is the callers responsibility
-** to arrange for the returned array to be eventually freed using the 
+** to arrange for the returned array to be eventually freed using the
 ** vdbeFreeOpArray() function.
 **
 ** Before returning, *pnOp is set to the number of entries in the returned
-** array. Also, *pnMaxArg is set to the larger of its current value and 
-** the number of entries in the Vdbe.apArg[] array required to execute the 
+** array. Also, *pnMaxArg is set to the larger of its current value and
+** the number of entries in the Vdbe.apArg[] array required to execute the
 ** returned program.
 */
 VdbeOp *sqlite3VdbeTakeOpArray(Vdbe *p, int *pnOp, int *pnMaxArg){
@@ -1120,7 +1178,7 @@ VdbeOp *sqlite3VdbeAddOpList(
 void sqlite3VdbeScanStatus(
   Vdbe *p,                        /* VM to add scanstatus() to */
   int addrExplain,                /* Address of OP_Explain (or 0) */
-  int addrLoop,                   /* Address of loop counter */ 
+  int addrLoop,                   /* Address of loop counter */
   int addrVisit,                  /* Address of rows visited counter */
   LogEst nEst,                    /* Estimated number of output rows */
   const char *zName               /* Name of table or index being scanned */
@@ -1146,13 +1204,13 @@ void sqlite3VdbeScanStatus(
 ** Add the range of instructions from addrStart to addrEnd (inclusive) to
 ** the set of those corresponding to the sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() counters
 ** associated with the OP_Explain instruction at addrExplain. The
-** sum of the sqlite3Hwtime() values for each of these instructions 
+** sum of the sqlite3Hwtime() values for each of these instructions
 ** will be returned for SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE requests.
 */
 void sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(
-  Vdbe *p, 
-  int addrExplain, 
-  int addrStart, 
+  Vdbe *p,
+  int addrExplain,
+  int addrStart,
   int addrEnd
 ){
   if( IS_STMT_SCANSTATUS(p->db) ){
@@ -1182,9 +1240,9 @@ void sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(
 ** addrExplain.
 */
 void sqlite3VdbeScanStatusCounters(
-  Vdbe *p, 
-  int addrExplain, 
-  int addrLoop, 
+  Vdbe *p,
+  int addrExplain,
+  int addrLoop,
   int addrVisit
 ){
   if( IS_STMT_SCANSTATUS(p->db) ){
@@ -1196,8 +1254,8 @@ void sqlite3VdbeScanStatusCounters(
       pScan = 0;
     }
     if( pScan ){
-      pScan->addrLoop = addrLoop;
-      pScan->addrVisit = addrVisit;
+      if( addrLoop>0 ) pScan->addrLoop = addrLoop;
+      if( addrVisit>0 ) pScan->addrVisit = addrVisit;
     }
   }
 }
@@ -1280,7 +1338,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeJumpHereOrPopInst(Vdbe *p, int addr){
 
 /*
 ** If the input FuncDef structure is ephemeral, then free it.  If
-** the FuncDef is not ephermal, then do nothing.
+** the FuncDef is not ephemeral, then do nothing.
 */
 static void freeEphemeralFunction(sqlite3 *db, FuncDef *pDef){
   assert( db!=0 );
@@ -1346,8 +1404,8 @@ static void freeP4(sqlite3 *db, int p4type, void *p4){
 
 /*
 ** Free the space allocated for aOp and any p4 values allocated for the
-** opcodes contained within. If aOp is not NULL it is assumed to contain 
-** nOp entries. 
+** opcodes contained within. If aOp is not NULL it is assumed to contain
+** nOp entries.
 */
 static void vdbeFreeOpArray(sqlite3 *db, Op *aOp, int nOp){
   assert( nOp>=0 );
@@ -1358,7 +1416,7 @@ static void vdbeFreeOpArray(sqlite3 *db, Op *aOp, int nOp){
       if( pOp->p4type <= P4_FREE_IF_LE ) freeP4(db, pOp->p4type, pOp->p4.p);
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_EXPLAIN_COMMENTS
       sqlite3DbFree(db, pOp->zComment);
-#endif     
+#endif    
       if( pOp==aOp ) break;
       pOp--;
     }
@@ -1444,7 +1502,6 @@ void sqlite3VdbeReleaseRegisters(
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
 
-
 /*
 ** Change the value of the P4 operand for a specific instruction.
 ** This routine is useful when a large program is loaded from a
@@ -1455,7 +1512,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeReleaseRegisters(
 ** the string is made into memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc().
 ** A value of n==0 means copy bytes of zP4 up to and including the
 ** first null byte.  If n>0 then copy n+1 bytes of zP4.
-** 
+**
 ** Other values of n (P4_STATIC, P4_COLLSEQ etc.) indicate that zP4 points
 ** to a string or structure that is guaranteed to exist for the lifetime of
 ** the Vdbe. In these cases we can just copy the pointer.
@@ -1516,7 +1573,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeChangeP4(Vdbe *p, int addr, const char *zP4, int n){
 }
 
 /*
-** Change the P4 operand of the most recently coded instruction 
+** Change the P4 operand of the most recently coded instruction
 ** to the value defined by the arguments.  This is a high-speed
 ** version of sqlite3VdbeChangeP4().
 **
@@ -1605,7 +1662,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeSetLineNumber(Vdbe *v, int iLine){
 ** routine, then a pointer to a dummy VdbeOp will be returned.  That opcode
 ** is readable but not writable, though it is cast to a writable value.
 ** The return of a dummy opcode allows the call to continue functioning
-** after an OOM fault without having to check to see if the return from 
+** after an OOM fault without having to check to see if the return from
 ** this routine is a valid pointer.  But because the dummy.opcode is 0,
 ** dummy will never be written to.  This is verified by code inspection and
 ** by running with Valgrind.
@@ -1835,9 +1892,9 @@ char *sqlite3VdbeDisplayP4(sqlite3 *db, Op *pOp){
         CollSeq *pColl = pKeyInfo->aColl[j];
         const char *zColl = pColl ? pColl->zName : "";
         if( strcmp(zColl, "BINARY")==0 ) zColl = "B";
-        sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, ",%s%s%s", 
-               (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[j] & KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC) ? "-" : "", 
-               (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[j] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL)? "N." : "", 
+        sqlite3_str_appendf(&x, ",%s%s%s",
+               (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[j] & KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC) ? "-" : "",
+               (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[j] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL)? "N." : "",
                zColl);
       }
       sqlite3_str_append(&x, ")", 1);
@@ -1960,13 +2017,13 @@ void sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree(Vdbe *p, int i){
 **
 ** If SQLite is not threadsafe but does support shared-cache mode, then
 ** sqlite3BtreeEnter() is invoked to set the BtShared.db variables
-** of all of BtShared structures accessible via the database handle 
+** of all of BtShared structures accessible via the database handle
 ** associated with the VM.
 **
 ** If SQLite is not threadsafe and does not support shared-cache mode, this
 ** function is a no-op.
 **
-** The p->btreeMask field is a bitmask of all btrees that the prepared 
+** The p->btreeMask field is a bitmask of all btrees that the prepared
 ** statement p will ever use.  Let N be the number of bits in p->btreeMask
 ** corresponding to btrees that use shared cache.  Then the runtime of
 ** this routine is N*N.  But as N is rarely more than 1, this should not
@@ -2034,8 +2091,8 @@ void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE *pOut, int pc, VdbeOp *pOp){
   /* NB:  The sqlite3OpcodeName() function is implemented by code created
   ** by the mkopcodeh.awk and mkopcodec.awk scripts which extract the
   ** information from the vdbe.c source text */
-  fprintf(pOut, zFormat1, pc, 
-      sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode), pOp->p1, pOp->p2, pOp->p3, 
+  fprintf(pOut, zFormat1, pc,
+      sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode), pOp->p1, pOp->p2, pOp->p3,
       zP4 ? zP4 : "", pOp->p5,
       zCom ? zCom : ""
   );
@@ -2098,15 +2155,15 @@ static void releaseMemArray(Mem *p, int N){
       assert( sqlite3VdbeCheckMemInvariants(p) );
 
       /* This block is really an inlined version of sqlite3VdbeMemRelease()
-      ** that takes advantage of the fact that the memory cell value is 
+      ** that takes advantage of the fact that the memory cell value is
       ** being set to NULL after releasing any dynamic resources.
       **
-      ** The justification for duplicating code is that according to 
-      ** callgrind, this causes a certain test case to hit the CPU 4.7 
-      ** percent less (x86 linux, gcc version 4.1.2, -O6) than if 
+      ** The justification for duplicating code is that according to
+      ** callgrind, this causes a certain test case to hit the CPU 4.7
+      ** percent less (x86 linux, gcc version 4.1.2, -O6) than if
       ** sqlite3MemRelease() were called from here. With -O2, this jumps
-      ** to 6.6 percent. The test case is inserting 1000 rows into a table 
-      ** with no indexes using a single prepared INSERT statement, bind() 
+      ** to 6.6 percent. The test case is inserting 1000 rows into a table
+      ** with no indexes using a single prepared INSERT statement, bind()
       ** and reset(). Inserts are grouped into a transaction.
       */
       testcase( p->flags & MEM_Agg );
@@ -2256,7 +2313,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeNextOpcode(
       Op *pOp = aOp + i;
       if( pOp->opcode==OP_OpenRead ) break;
       if( pOp->opcode==OP_OpenWrite && (pOp->p5 & OPFLAG_P2ISREG)==0 ) break;
-      if( pOp->opcode==OP_ReopenIdx ) break;      
+      if( pOp->opcode==OP_ReopenIdx ) break;     
     }else
 #endif
     {
@@ -2364,8 +2421,8 @@ int sqlite3VdbeList(
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pMem, pOp->p1);
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pMem+1, pOp->p2);
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pMem+2, pOp->p3);
-        sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pMem+3, zP4, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, sqlite3_free);     
-        p->nResColumn = 4;
+        sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pMem+3, zP4, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, sqlite3_free);
+        assert( p->nResColumn==4 );
       }else{
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(pMem+0, i);
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pMem+1, (char*)sqlite3OpcodeName(pOp->opcode),
@@ -2384,7 +2441,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeList(
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pMem+7);
 #endif
         sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pMem+5, zP4, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, sqlite3_free);
-        p->nResColumn = 8;
+        assert( p->nResColumn==8 );
       }
       p->pResultRow = pMem;
       if( db->mallocFailed ){
@@ -2537,11 +2594,11 @@ void sqlite3VdbeRewind(Vdbe *p){
 ** creating the virtual machine.  This involves things such
 ** as allocating registers and initializing the program counter.
 ** After the VDBE has be prepped, it can be executed by one or more
-** calls to sqlite3VdbeExec().  
+** calls to sqlite3VdbeExec(). 
 **
 ** This function may be called exactly once on each virtual machine.
 ** After this routine is called the VM has been "packaged" and is ready
-** to run.  After this routine is called, further calls to 
+** to run.  After this routine is called, further calls to
 ** sqlite3VdbeAddOp() functions are prohibited.  This routine disconnects
 ** the Vdbe from the Parse object that helped generate it so that the
 ** the Vdbe becomes an independent entity and the Parse object can be
@@ -2575,7 +2632,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeMakeReady(
   nMem = pParse->nMem;
   nCursor = pParse->nTab;
   nArg = pParse->nMaxArg;
-  
+ 
   /* Each cursor uses a memory cell.  The first cursor (cursor 0) can
   ** use aMem[0] which is not otherwise used by the VDBE program.  Allocate
   ** space at the end of aMem[] for cursors 1 and greater.
@@ -2598,34 +2655,17 @@ void sqlite3VdbeMakeReady(
   resolveP2Values(p, &nArg);
   p->usesStmtJournal = (u8)(pParse->isMultiWrite && pParse->mayAbort);
   if( pParse->explain ){
-    static const char * const azColName[] = {
-       "addr", "opcode", "p1", "p2", "p3", "p4", "p5", "comment",
-       "id", "parent", "notused", "detail"
-    };
-    int iFirst, mx, i;
     if( nMem<10 ) nMem = 10;
     p->explain = pParse->explain;
-    if( pParse->explain==2 ){
-      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(p, 4);
-      iFirst = 8;
-      mx = 12;
-    }else{
-      sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(p, 8);
-      iFirst = 0;
-      mx = 8;
-    }
-    for(i=iFirst; i<mx; i++){
-      sqlite3VdbeSetColName(p, i-iFirst, COLNAME_NAME,
-                            azColName[i], SQLITE_STATIC);
-    }
+    p->nResColumn = 12 - 4*p->explain;
   }
   p->expired = 0;
 
   /* Memory for registers, parameters, cursor, etc, is allocated in one or two
-  ** passes.  On the first pass, we try to reuse unused memory at the 
+  ** passes.  On the first pass, we try to reuse unused memory at the
   ** end of the opcode array.  If we are unable to satisfy all memory
   ** requirements by reusing the opcode array tail, then the second
-  ** pass will fill in the remainder using a fresh memory allocation.  
+  ** pass will fill in the remainder using a fresh memory allocation. 
   **
   ** This two-pass approach that reuses as much memory as possible from
   ** the leftover memory at the end of the opcode array.  This can significantly
@@ -2663,13 +2703,29 @@ void sqlite3VdbeMakeReady(
 }
 
 /*
-** Close a VDBE cursor and release all the resources that cursor 
+** Close a VDBE cursor and release all the resources that cursor
 ** happens to hold.
 */
 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(Vdbe *p, VdbeCursor *pCx){
   if( pCx ) sqlite3VdbeFreeCursorNN(p,pCx);
 }
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE void freeCursorWithCache(Vdbe *p, VdbeCursor *pCx){
+  VdbeTxtBlbCache *pCache = pCx->pCache;
+  assert( pCx->colCache );
+  pCx->colCache = 0;
+  pCx->pCache = 0;
+  if( pCache->pCValue ){
+    sqlite3RCStrUnref(pCache->pCValue);
+    pCache->pCValue = 0;
+  }
+  sqlite3DbFree(p->db, pCache);
+  sqlite3VdbeFreeCursorNN(p, pCx);
+}
 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursorNN(Vdbe *p, VdbeCursor *pCx){
+  if( pCx->colCache ){
+    freeCursorWithCache(p, pCx);
+    return;
+  }
   switch( pCx->eCurType ){
     case CURTYPE_SORTER: {
       sqlite3VdbeSorterClose(p->db, pCx);
@@ -2733,7 +2789,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(VdbeFrame *pFrame){
 /*
 ** Close all cursors.
 **
-** Also release any dynamic memory held by the VM in the Vdbe.aMem memory 
+** Also release any dynamic memory held by the VM in the Vdbe.aMem memory
 ** cell array. This is necessary as the memory cell array may contain
 ** pointers to VdbeFrame objects, which may in turn contain pointers to
 ** open cursors.
@@ -2770,12 +2826,12 @@ void sqlite3VdbeSetNumCols(Vdbe *p, int nResColumn){
   int n;
   sqlite3 *db = p->db;
 
-  if( p->nResColumn ){
-    releaseMemArray(p->aColName, p->nResColumn*COLNAME_N);
+  if( p->nResAlloc ){
+    releaseMemArray(p->aColName, p->nResAlloc*COLNAME_N);
     sqlite3DbFree(db, p->aColName);
   }
   n = nResColumn*COLNAME_N;
-  p->nResColumn = (u16)nResColumn;
+  p->nResColumn = p->nResAlloc = (u16)nResColumn;
   p->aColName = (Mem*)sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, sizeof(Mem)*n );
   if( p->aColName==0 ) return;
   initMemArray(p->aColName, n, db, MEM_Null);
@@ -2800,14 +2856,14 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSetColName(
 ){
   int rc;
   Mem *pColName;
-  assert( idx<p->nResColumn );
+  assert( idx<p->nResAlloc );
   assert( var<COLNAME_N );
   if( p->db->mallocFailed ){
     assert( !zName || xDel!=SQLITE_DYNAMIC );
     return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
   }
   assert( p->aColName!=0 );
-  pColName = &(p->aColName[idx+var*p->nResColumn]);
+  pColName = &(p->aColName[idx+var*p->nResAlloc]);
   rc = sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(pColName, zName, -1, SQLITE_UTF8, xDel);
   assert( rc!=0 || !zName || (pColName->flags&MEM_Term)!=0 );
   return rc;
@@ -2828,27 +2884,27 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
   int needXcommit = 0;
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
-  /* With this option, sqlite3VtabSync() is defined to be simply 
-  ** SQLITE_OK so p is not used. 
+  /* With this option, sqlite3VtabSync() is defined to be simply
+  ** SQLITE_OK so p is not used.
   */
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(p);
 #endif
 
   /* Before doing anything else, call the xSync() callback for any
   ** virtual module tables written in this transaction. This has to
-  ** be done before determining whether a super-journal file is 
+  ** be done before determining whether a super-journal file is
   ** required, as an xSync() callback may add an attached database
   ** to the transaction.
   */
   rc = sqlite3VtabSync(db, p);
 
   /* This loop determines (a) if the commit hook should be invoked and
-  ** (b) how many database files have open write transactions, not 
-  ** including the temp database. (b) is important because if more than 
+  ** (b) how many database files have open write transactions, not
+  ** including the temp database. (b) is important because if more than
   ** one database file has an open write transaction, a super-journal
   ** file is required for an atomic commit.
-  */ 
-  for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<db->nDb; i++){ 
+  */
+  for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<db->nDb; i++){
     Btree *pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
     if( sqlite3BtreeTxnState(pBt)==SQLITE_TXN_WRITE ){
       /* Whether or not a database might need a super-journal depends upon
@@ -2869,7 +2925,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
       if( db->aDb[i].safety_level!=PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_OFF
        && aMJNeeded[sqlite3PagerGetJournalMode(pPager)]
        && sqlite3PagerIsMemdb(pPager)==0
-      ){ 
+      ){
         assert( i!=1 );
         nTrans++;
       }
@@ -2894,8 +2950,8 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
   ** super-journal.
   **
   ** If the return value of sqlite3BtreeGetFilename() is a zero length
-  ** string, it means the main database is :memory: or a temp file.  In 
-  ** that case we do not support atomic multi-file commits, so use the 
+  ** string, it means the main database is :memory: or a temp file.  In
+  ** that case we do not support atomic multi-file commits, so use the
   ** simple case then too.
   */
   if( 0==sqlite3Strlen30(sqlite3BtreeGetFilename(db->aDb[0].pBt))
@@ -2908,7 +2964,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
       }
     }
 
-    /* Do the commit only if all databases successfully complete phase 1. 
+    /* Do the commit only if all databases successfully complete phase 1.
     ** If one of the BtreeCommitPhaseOne() calls fails, this indicates an
     ** IO error while deleting or truncating a journal file. It is unlikely,
     ** but could happen. In this case abandon processing and return the error.
@@ -2967,7 +3023,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
     }while( rc==SQLITE_OK && res );
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       /* Open the super-journal. */
-      rc = sqlite3OsOpenMalloc(pVfs, zSuper, &pSuperJrnl, 
+      rc = sqlite3OsOpenMalloc(pVfs, zSuper, &pSuperJrnl,
           SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|
           SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE|SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL, 0
       );
@@ -2976,7 +3032,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
       sqlite3DbFree(db, zSuper-4);
       return rc;
     }
- 
+
     /* Write the name of each database file in the transaction into the new
     ** super-journal file. If an error occurs at this point close
     ** and delete the super-journal file. All the individual journal files
@@ -3024,7 +3080,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
     ** in case the super-journal file name was written into the journal
     ** file before the failure occurred.
     */
-    for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<db->nDb; i++){ 
+    for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<db->nDb; i++){
       Btree *pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
       if( pBt ){
         rc = sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseOne(pBt, zSuper);
@@ -3057,7 +3113,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
     */
     disable_simulated_io_errors();
     sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
-    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){ 
+    for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
       Btree *pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
       if( pBt ){
         sqlite3BtreeCommitPhaseTwo(pBt, 1);
@@ -3073,7 +3129,7 @@ static int vdbeCommit(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** This routine checks that the sqlite3.nVdbeActive count variable
 ** matches the number of vdbe's in the list sqlite3.pVdbe that are
 ** currently active. An assertion fails if the two counts do not match.
@@ -3109,10 +3165,10 @@ static void checkActiveVdbeCnt(sqlite3 *db){
 ** If the Vdbe passed as the first argument opened a statement-transaction,
 ** close it now. Argument eOp must be either SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK or
 ** SAVEPOINT_RELEASE. If it is SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, then the statement
-** transaction is rolled back. If eOp is SAVEPOINT_RELEASE, then the 
+** transaction is rolled back. If eOp is SAVEPOINT_RELEASE, then the
 ** statement transaction is committed.
 **
-** If an IO error occurs, an SQLITE_IOERR_XXX error code is returned. 
+** If an IO error occurs, an SQLITE_IOERR_XXX error code is returned.
 ** Otherwise SQLITE_OK.
 */
 static SQLITE_NOINLINE int vdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *p, int eOp){
@@ -3125,7 +3181,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int vdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *p, int eOp){
   assert( db->nStatement>0 );
   assert( p->iStatement==(db->nStatement+db->nSavepoint) );
 
-  for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){ 
+  for(i=0; i<db->nDb; i++){
     int rc2 = SQLITE_OK;
     Btree *pBt = db->aDb[i].pBt;
     if( pBt ){
@@ -3152,8 +3208,8 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int vdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *p, int eOp){
     }
   }
 
-  /* If the statement transaction is being rolled back, also restore the 
-  ** database handles deferred constraint counter to the value it had when 
+  /* If the statement transaction is being rolled back, also restore the
+  ** database handles deferred constraint counter to the value it had when
   ** the statement transaction was opened.  */
   if( eOp==SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK ){
     db->nDeferredCons = p->nStmtDefCons;
@@ -3170,20 +3226,20 @@ int sqlite3VdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe *p, int eOp){
 
 
 /*
-** This function is called when a transaction opened by the database 
-** handle associated with the VM passed as an argument is about to be 
+** This function is called when a transaction opened by the database
+** handle associated with the VM passed as an argument is about to be
 ** committed. If there are outstanding deferred foreign key constraint
 ** violations, return SQLITE_ERROR. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK.
 **
-** If there are outstanding FK violations and this function returns 
+** If there are outstanding FK violations and this function returns
 ** SQLITE_ERROR, set the result of the VM to SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY
 ** and write an error message to it. Then return SQLITE_ERROR.
 */
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
 int sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(Vdbe *p, int deferred){
   sqlite3 *db = p->db;
-  if( (deferred && (db->nDeferredCons+db->nDeferredImmCons)>0) 
-   || (!deferred && p->nFkConstraint>0) 
+  if( (deferred && (db->nDeferredCons+db->nDeferredImmCons)>0)
+   || (!deferred && p->nFkConstraint>0)
   ){
     p->rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY;
     p->errorAction = OE_Abort;
@@ -3214,7 +3270,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
 
   /* This function contains the logic that determines if a statement or
   ** transaction will be committed or rolled back as a result of the
-  ** execution of this virtual machine. 
+  ** execution of this virtual machine.
   **
   ** If any of the following errors occur:
   **
@@ -3256,16 +3312,16 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
       mrc = isSpecialError = 0;
     }
     if( isSpecialError ){
-      /* If the query was read-only and the error code is SQLITE_INTERRUPT, 
-      ** no rollback is necessary. Otherwise, at least a savepoint 
-      ** transaction must be rolled back to restore the database to a 
+      /* If the query was read-only and the error code is SQLITE_INTERRUPT,
+      ** no rollback is necessary. Otherwise, at least a savepoint
+      ** transaction must be rolled back to restore the database to a
       ** consistent state.
       **
       ** Even if the statement is read-only, it is important to perform
-      ** a statement or transaction rollback operation. If the error 
+      ** a statement or transaction rollback operation. If the error
       ** occurred while writing to the journal, sub-journal or database
       ** file as part of an effort to free up cache space (see function
-      ** pagerStress() in pager.c), the rollback is required to restore 
+      ** pagerStress() in pager.c), the rollback is required to restore
       ** the pager to a consistent state.
       */
       if( !p->readOnly || mrc!=SQLITE_INTERRUPT ){
@@ -3287,16 +3343,16 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
     if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK || (p->errorAction==OE_Fail && !isSpecialError) ){
       sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(p, 0);
     }
-  
-    /* If the auto-commit flag is set and this is the only active writer 
-    ** VM, then we do either a commit or rollback of the current transaction. 
+ 
+    /* If the auto-commit flag is set and this is the only active writer
+    ** VM, then we do either a commit or rollback of the current transaction.
     **
-    ** Note: This block also runs if one of the special errors handled 
-    ** above has occurred. 
+    ** Note: This block also runs if one of the special errors handled
+    ** above has occurred.
     */
-    if( !sqlite3VtabInSync(db) 
-     && db->autoCommit 
-     && db->nVdbeWrite==(p->readOnly==0) 
+    if( !sqlite3VtabInSync(db)
+     && db->autoCommit
+     && db->nVdbeWrite==(p->readOnly==0)
     ){
       if( p->rc==SQLITE_OK || (p->errorAction==OE_Fail && !isSpecialError) ){
         rc = sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(p, 1);
@@ -3309,10 +3365,10 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
         }else if( db->flags & SQLITE_CorruptRdOnly ){
           rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT;
           db->flags &= ~SQLITE_CorruptRdOnly;
-        }else{ 
-          /* The auto-commit flag is true, the vdbe program was successful 
+        }else{
+          /* The auto-commit flag is true, the vdbe program was successful
           ** or hit an 'OR FAIL' constraint and there are no deferred foreign
-          ** key constraints to hold up the transaction. This means a commit 
+          ** key constraints to hold up the transaction. This means a commit
           ** is required. */
           rc = vdbeCommit(db, p);
         }
@@ -3320,6 +3376,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
           sqlite3VdbeLeave(p);
           return SQLITE_BUSY;
         }else if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+          sqlite3SystemError(db, rc);
           p->rc = rc;
           sqlite3RollbackAll(db, SQLITE_OK);
           p->nChange = 0;
@@ -3348,7 +3405,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
         p->nChange = 0;
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     /* If eStatementOp is non-zero, then a statement transaction needs to
     ** be committed or rolled back. Call sqlite3VdbeCloseStatement() to
     ** do so. If this operation returns an error, and the current statement
@@ -3369,9 +3426,9 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
         p->nChange = 0;
       }
     }
-  
+ 
     /* If this was an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE and no statement transaction
-    ** has been rolled back, update the database connection change-counter. 
+    ** has been rolled back, update the database connection change-counter.
     */
     if( p->changeCntOn ){
       if( eStatementOp!=SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK ){
@@ -3400,7 +3457,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe *p){
   }
 
   /* If the auto-commit flag is set to true, then any locks that were held
-  ** by connection db have now been released. Call sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked() 
+  ** by connection db have now been released. Call sqlite3ConnectionUnlocked()
   ** to invoke any required unlock-notify callbacks.
   */
   if( db->autoCommit ){
@@ -3422,7 +3479,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeResetStepResult(Vdbe *p){
 
 /*
 ** Copy the error code and error message belonging to the VDBE passed
-** as the first argument to its database handle (so that they will be 
+** as the first argument to its database handle (so that they will be
 ** returned by calls to sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg()).
 **
 ** This function does not clear the VDBE error code or message, just
@@ -3448,7 +3505,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeTransferError(Vdbe *p){
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
 /*
-** If an SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG hook is registered and the VM has been run, 
+** If an SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG hook is registered and the VM has been run,
 ** invoke it.
 */
 static void vdbeInvokeSqllog(Vdbe *v){
@@ -3509,7 +3566,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeReset(Vdbe *p){
   /* Reset register contents and reclaim error message memory.
   */
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-  /* Execute assert() statements to ensure that the Vdbe.apCsr[] and 
+  /* Execute assert() statements to ensure that the Vdbe.apCsr[] and
   ** Vdbe.aMem[] arrays have already been cleaned up.  */
   if( p->apCsr ) for(i=0; i<p->nCursor; i++) assert( p->apCsr[i]==0 );
   if( p->aMem ){
@@ -3564,7 +3621,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeReset(Vdbe *p){
 #endif
   return p->rc & db->errMask;
 }
- 
+
 /*
 ** Clean up and delete a VDBE after execution.  Return an integer which is
 ** the result code.  Write any error message text into *pzErrMsg.
@@ -3588,8 +3645,8 @@ int sqlite3VdbeFinalize(Vdbe *p){
 ** the first argument.
 **
 ** Or, if iOp is greater than or equal to zero, then the destructor is
-** only invoked for those auxiliary data pointers created by the user 
-** function invoked by the OP_Function opcode at instruction iOp of 
+** only invoked for those auxiliary data pointers created by the user
+** function invoked by the OP_Function opcode at instruction iOp of
 ** VM pVdbe, and only then if:
 **
 **    * the associated function parameter is the 32nd or later (counting
@@ -3631,7 +3688,7 @@ static void sqlite3VdbeClearObject(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
   assert( db!=0 );
   assert( p->db==0 || p->db==db );
   if( p->aColName ){
-    releaseMemArray(p->aColName, p->nResColumn*COLNAME_N);
+    releaseMemArray(p->aColName, p->nResAlloc*COLNAME_N);
     sqlite3DbNNFreeNN(db, p->aColName);
   }
   for(pSub=p->pProgram; pSub; pSub=pNext){
@@ -3861,7 +3918,7 @@ u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialType(Mem *pMem, int file_format, u32 *pLen){
 ** The sizes for serial types less than 128
 */
 const u8 sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[128] = {
-        /*  0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9 */   
+        /*  0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9 */  
 /*   0 */   0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  6,  8,  8,  0,  0,
 /*  10 */   0,  0,  0,  0,  1,  1,  2,  2,  3,  3,
 /*  20 */   4,  4,  5,  5,  6,  6,  7,  7,  8,  8,
@@ -3884,19 +3941,19 @@ u32 sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(u32 serial_type){
   if( serial_type>=128 ){
     return (serial_type-12)/2;
   }else{
-    assert( serial_type<12 
+    assert( serial_type<12
             || sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[serial_type]==(serial_type - 12)/2 );
     return sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[serial_type];
   }
 }
 u8 sqlite3VdbeOneByteSerialTypeLen(u8 serial_type){
   assert( serial_type<128 );
-  return sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[serial_type];  
+  return sqlite3SmallTypeSizes[serial_type]; 
 }
 
 /*
-** If we are on an architecture with mixed-endian floating 
-** points (ex: ARM7) then swap the lower 4 bytes with the 
+** If we are on an architecture with mixed-endian floating
+** points (ex: ARM7) then swap the lower 4 bytes with the
 ** upper 4 bytes.  Return the result.
 **
 ** For most architectures, this is a no-op.
@@ -3918,7 +3975,7 @@ u8 sqlite3VdbeOneByteSerialTypeLen(u8 serial_type){
 ** (2007-08-30)  Frank van Vugt has studied this problem closely
 ** and has send his findings to the SQLite developers.  Frank
 ** writes that some Linux kernels offer floating point hardware
-** emulation that uses only 32-bit mantissas instead of a full 
+** emulation that uses only 32-bit mantissas instead of a full
 ** 48-bits as required by the IEEE standard.  (This is the
 ** CONFIG_FPE_FASTFPE option.)  On such systems, floating point
 ** byte swapping becomes very complicated.  To avoid problems,
@@ -3962,7 +4019,7 @@ u64 sqlite3FloatSwap(u64 in){
 ** The few cases that require local variables are broken out into a separate
 ** routine so that in most cases the overhead of moving the stack pointer
 ** is avoided.
-*/ 
+*/
 static void serialGet(
   const unsigned char *buf,     /* Buffer to deserialize from */
   u32 serial_type,              /* Serial type to deserialize */
@@ -4045,7 +4102,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(
       /* EVIDENCE-OF: R-01849-26079 Value is a big-endian 32-bit
       ** twos-complement integer. */
       pMem->u.i = FOUR_BYTE_INT(buf);
-#ifdef __HP_cc 
+#ifdef __HP_cc
       /* Work around a sign-extension bug in the HP compiler for HP/UX */
       if( buf[0]&0x80 ) pMem->u.i |= 0xffffffff80000000LL;
 #endif
@@ -4098,7 +4155,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(
 ** The space is either allocated using sqlite3DbMallocRaw() or from within
 ** the unaligned buffer passed via the second and third arguments (presumably
 ** stack space). If the former, then *ppFree is set to a pointer that should
-** be eventually freed by the caller using sqlite3DbFree(). Or, if the 
+** be eventually freed by the caller using sqlite3DbFree(). Or, if the
 ** allocation comes from the pSpace/szSpace buffer, *ppFree is set to NULL
 ** before returning.
 **
@@ -4120,10 +4177,10 @@ UnpackedRecord *sqlite3VdbeAllocUnpackedRecord(
 }
 
 /*
-** Given the nKey-byte encoding of a record in pKey[], populate the 
+** Given the nKey-byte encoding of a record in pKey[], populate the
 ** UnpackedRecord structure indicated by the fourth argument with the
 ** contents of the decoded record.
-*/ 
+*/
 void sqlite3VdbeRecordUnpack(
   KeyInfo *pKeyInfo,     /* Information about the record format */
   int nKey,              /* Size of the binary record */
@@ -4131,7 +4188,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeRecordUnpack(
   UnpackedRecord *p      /* Populate this structure before returning. */
 ){
   const unsigned char *aKey = (const unsigned char *)pKey;
-  u32 d; 
+  u32 d;
   u32 idx;                        /* Offset in aKey[] to read from */
   u16 u;                          /* Unsigned loop counter */
   u32 szHdr;
@@ -4158,7 +4215,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeRecordUnpack(
   }
   if( d>(u32)nKey && u ){
     assert( CORRUPT_DB );
-    /* In a corrupt record entry, the last pMem might have been set up using 
+    /* In a corrupt record entry, the last pMem might have been set up using
     ** uninitialized memory. Overwrite its value with NULL, to prevent
     ** warnings from MSAN. */
     sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(pMem-1);
@@ -4202,13 +4259,13 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareDebug(
 
   /* Compilers may complain that mem1.u.i is potentially uninitialized.
   ** We could initialize it, as shown here, to silence those complaints.
-  ** But in fact, mem1.u.i will never actually be used uninitialized, and doing 
+  ** But in fact, mem1.u.i will never actually be used uninitialized, and doing
   ** the unnecessary initialization has a measurable negative performance
   ** impact, since this routine is a very high runner.  And so, we choose
   ** to ignore the compiler warnings and leave this variable uninitialized.
   */
   /*  mem1.u.i = 0;  // not needed, here to silence compiler warning */
-  
+ 
   idx1 = getVarint32(aKey1, szHdr1);
   if( szHdr1>98307 ) return SQLITE_CORRUPT;
   d1 = szHdr1;
@@ -4229,8 +4286,17 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareDebug(
     ** sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen() in the common case.
     */
     if( d1+(u64)serial_type1+2>(u64)nKey1
-     && d1+(u64)sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(serial_type1)>(u64)nKey1 
+     && d1+(u64)sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(serial_type1)>(u64)nKey1
     ){
+      if( serial_type1>=1
+       && serial_type1<=7
+       && d1+(u64)sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(serial_type1)<=(u64)nKey1+8
+       && CORRUPT_DB
+      ){
+        return 1;  /* corrupt record not detected by
+                   ** sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip().  Return true
+                   ** to avoid firing the assert() */
+      }
       break;
     }
 
@@ -4246,7 +4312,7 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareDebug(
     if( rc!=0 ){
       assert( mem1.szMalloc==0 );  /* See comment below */
       if( (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[i] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL)
-       && ((mem1.flags & MEM_Null) || (pPKey2->aMem[i].flags & MEM_Null)) 
+       && ((mem1.flags & MEM_Null) || (pPKey2->aMem[i].flags & MEM_Null))
       ){
         rc = -rc;
       }
@@ -4292,7 +4358,7 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareDebug(
 ** incorrectly.
 */
 static void vdbeAssertFieldCountWithinLimits(
-  int nKey, const void *pKey,   /* The record to verify */ 
+  int nKey, const void *pKey,   /* The record to verify */
   const KeyInfo *pKeyInfo       /* Compare size with this KeyInfo */
 ){
   int nField = 0;
@@ -4318,7 +4384,7 @@ static void vdbeAssertFieldCountWithinLimits(
 /*
 ** Both *pMem1 and *pMem2 contain string values. Compare the two values
 ** using the collation sequence pColl. As usual, return a negative , zero
-** or positive value if *pMem1 is less than, equal to or greater than 
+** or positive value if *pMem1 is less than, equal to or greater than
 ** *pMem2, respectively. Similar in spirit to "rc = (*pMem1) - (*pMem2);".
 */
 static int vdbeCompareMemString(
@@ -4399,20 +4465,33 @@ SQLITE_NOINLINE int sqlite3BlobCompare(const Mem *pB1, const Mem *pB2){
   return n1 - n2;
 }
 
+/* The following two functions are used only within testcase() to prove
+** test coverage.  These functions do no exist for production builds.
+** We must use separate SQLITE_NOINLINE functions here, since otherwise
+** optimizer code movement causes gcov to become very confused.
+*/
+#if  defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+static int SQLITE_NOINLINE doubleLt(double a, double b){ return a<b; }
+static int SQLITE_NOINLINE doubleEq(double a, double b){ return a==b; }
+#endif
+
 /*
 ** Do a comparison between a 64-bit signed integer and a 64-bit floating-point
 ** number.  Return negative, zero, or positive if the first (i64) is less than,
 ** equal to, or greater than the second (double).
 */
 int sqlite3IntFloatCompare(i64 i, double r){
-  if( sizeof(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE)>8 ){
+  if( sqlite3IsNaN(r) ){
+    /* SQLite considers NaN to be a NULL. And all integer values are greater
+    ** than NULL */
+    return 1;
+  }
+  if( sqlite3Config.bUseLongDouble ){
     LONGDOUBLE_TYPE x = (LONGDOUBLE_TYPE)i;
     testcase( x<r );
     testcase( x>r );
     testcase( x==r );
-    if( x<r ) return -1;
-    if( x>r ) return +1;  /*NO_TEST*/ /* work around bugs in gcov */
-    return 0;             /*NO_TEST*/ /* work around bugs in gcov */
+    return (x<r) ? -1 : (x>r);
   }else{
     i64 y;
     double s;
@@ -4422,9 +4501,10 @@ int sqlite3IntFloatCompare(i64 i, double r){
     if( i<y ) return -1;
     if( i>y ) return +1;
     s = (double)i;
-    if( s<r ) return -1;
-    if( s>r ) return +1;
-    return 0;
+    testcase( doubleLt(s,r) );
+    testcase( doubleLt(r,s) );
+    testcase( doubleEq(r,s) );
+    return (s<r) ? -1 : (s>r);
   }
 }
 
@@ -4445,7 +4525,7 @@ int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem *pMem1, const Mem *pMem2, const CollSeq *pColl){
   f2 = pMem2->flags;
   combined_flags = f1|f2;
   assert( !sqlite3VdbeMemIsRowSet(pMem1) && !sqlite3VdbeMemIsRowSet(pMem2) );
- 
+
   /* If one value is NULL, it is less than the other. If both values
   ** are NULL, return 0.
   */
@@ -4508,7 +4588,7 @@ int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem *pMem1, const Mem *pMem2, const CollSeq *pColl){
     }
 
     assert( pMem1->enc==pMem2->enc || pMem1->db->mallocFailed );
-    assert( pMem1->enc==SQLITE_UTF8 || 
+    assert( pMem1->enc==SQLITE_UTF8 ||
             pMem1->enc==SQLITE_UTF16LE || pMem1->enc==SQLITE_UTF16BE );
 
     /* The collation sequence must be defined at this point, even if
@@ -4523,7 +4603,7 @@ int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem *pMem1, const Mem *pMem2, const CollSeq *pColl){
     /* If a NULL pointer was passed as the collate function, fall through
     ** to the blob case and use memcmp().  */
   }
- 
+
   /* Both values must be blobs.  Compare using memcmp().  */
   return sqlite3BlobCompare(pMem1, pMem2);
 }
@@ -4531,7 +4611,7 @@ int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem *pMem1, const Mem *pMem2, const CollSeq *pColl){
 
 /*
 ** The first argument passed to this function is a serial-type that
-** corresponds to an integer - all values between 1 and 9 inclusive 
+** corresponds to an integer - all values between 1 and 9 inclusive
 ** except 7. The second points to a buffer containing an integer value
 ** serialized according to serial_type. This function deserializes
 ** and returns the value.
@@ -4573,7 +4653,7 @@ static i64 vdbeRecordDecodeInt(u32 serial_type, const u8 *aKey){
 /*
 ** This function compares the two table rows or index records
 ** specified by {nKey1, pKey1} and pPKey2.  It returns a negative, zero
-** or positive integer if key1 is less than, equal to or 
+** or positive integer if key1 is less than, equal to or
 ** greater than key2.  The {nKey1, pKey1} key must be a blob
 ** created by the OP_MakeRecord opcode of the VDBE.  The pPKey2
 ** key must be a parsed key such as obtained from
@@ -4582,12 +4662,12 @@ static i64 vdbeRecordDecodeInt(u32 serial_type, const u8 *aKey){
 ** If argument bSkip is non-zero, it is assumed that the caller has already
 ** determined that the first fields of the keys are equal.
 **
-** Key1 and Key2 do not have to contain the same number of fields. If all 
-** fields that appear in both keys are equal, then pPKey2->default_rc is 
+** Key1 and Key2 do not have to contain the same number of fields. If all
+** fields that appear in both keys are equal, then pPKey2->default_rc is
 ** returned.
 **
-** If database corruption is discovered, set pPKey2->errCode to 
-** SQLITE_CORRUPT and return 0. If an OOM error is encountered, 
+** If database corruption is discovered, set pPKey2->errCode to
+** SQLITE_CORRUPT and return 0. If an OOM error is encountered,
 ** pPKey2->errCode is set to SQLITE_NOMEM and, if it is not NULL, the
 ** malloc-failed flag set on database handle (pPKey2->pKeyInfo->db).
 */
@@ -4629,13 +4709,13 @@ int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip(
     d1 = szHdr1;
     i = 0;
   }
-  if( d1>(unsigned)nKey1 ){ 
+  if( d1>(unsigned)nKey1 ){
     pPKey2->errCode = (u8)SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
     return 0;  /* Corruption */
   }
 
   VVA_ONLY( mem1.szMalloc = 0; ) /* Only needed by assert() statements */
-  assert( pPKey2->pKeyInfo->nAllField>=pPKey2->nField 
+  assert( pPKey2->pKeyInfo->nAllField>=pPKey2->nField
        || CORRUPT_DB );
   assert( pPKey2->pKeyInfo->aSortFlags!=0 );
   assert( pPKey2->pKeyInfo->nKeyField>0 );
@@ -4672,9 +4752,9 @@ int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip(
       serial_type = aKey1[idx1];
       if( serial_type>=10 ){
         /* Serial types 12 or greater are strings and blobs (greater than
-        ** numbers). Types 10 and 11 are currently "reserved for future 
+        ** numbers). Types 10 and 11 are currently "reserved for future
         ** use", so it doesn't really matter what the results of comparing
-        ** them to numberic values are.  */
+        ** them to numeric values are.  */
         rc = serial_type==10 ? -1 : +1;
       }else if( serial_type==0 ){
         rc = -1;
@@ -4720,7 +4800,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip(
         }else{
           int nCmp = MIN(mem1.n, pRhs->n);
           rc = memcmp(&aKey1[d1], pRhs->z, nCmp);
-          if( rc==0 ) rc = mem1.n - pRhs->n; 
+          if( rc==0 ) rc = mem1.n - pRhs->n;
         }
       }
     }
@@ -4794,8 +4874,8 @@ int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip(
   /* rc==0 here means that one or both of the keys ran out of fields and
   ** all the fields up to that point were equal. Return the default_rc
   ** value.  */
-  assert( CORRUPT_DB 
-       || vdbeRecordCompareDebug(nKey1, pKey1, pPKey2, pPKey2->default_rc) 
+  assert( CORRUPT_DB
+       || vdbeRecordCompareDebug(nKey1, pKey1, pPKey2, pPKey2->default_rc)
        || pPKey2->pKeyInfo->db->mallocFailed
   );
   pPKey2->eqSeen = 1;
@@ -4810,8 +4890,8 @@ int sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(
 
 
 /*
-** This function is an optimized version of sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare() 
-** that (a) the first field of pPKey2 is an integer, and (b) the 
+** This function is an optimized version of sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare()
+** that (a) the first field of pPKey2 is an integer, and (b) the
 ** size-of-header varint at the start of (pKey1/nKey1) fits in a single
 ** byte (i.e. is less than 128).
 **
@@ -4866,7 +4946,7 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareInt(
       testcase( lhs<0 );
       break;
     }
-    case 8: 
+    case 8:
       lhs = 0;
       break;
     case 9:
@@ -4874,11 +4954,11 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareInt(
       break;
 
     /* This case could be removed without changing the results of running
-    ** this code. Including it causes gcc to generate a faster switch 
+    ** this code. Including it causes gcc to generate a faster switch
     ** statement (since the range of switch targets now starts at zero and
     ** is contiguous) but does not cause any duplicate code to be generated
-    ** (as gcc is clever enough to combine the two like cases). Other 
-    ** compilers might be similar.  */ 
+    ** (as gcc is clever enough to combine the two like cases). Other
+    ** compilers might be similar.  */
     case 0: case 7:
       return sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(nKey1, pKey1, pPKey2);
 
@@ -4893,7 +4973,7 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareInt(
   }else if( v<lhs ){
     res = pPKey2->r2;
   }else if( pPKey2->nField>1 ){
-    /* The first fields of the two keys are equal. Compare the trailing 
+    /* The first fields of the two keys are equal. Compare the trailing
     ** fields.  */
     res = sqlite3VdbeRecordCompareWithSkip(nKey1, pKey1, pPKey2, 1);
   }else{
@@ -4908,9 +4988,9 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareInt(
 }
 
 /*
-** This function is an optimized version of sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare() 
+** This function is an optimized version of sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare()
 ** that (a) the first field of pPKey2 is a string, that (b) the first field
-** uses the collation sequence BINARY and (c) that the size-of-header varint 
+** uses the collation sequence BINARY and (c) that the size-of-header varint
 ** at the start of (pKey1/nKey1) fits in a single byte.
 */
 static int vdbeRecordCompareString(
@@ -4935,7 +5015,7 @@ static int vdbeRecordCompareString(
       assert( CORRUPT_DB );
     }
     res = pPKey2->r1;      /* (pKey1/nKey1) is a number or a null */
-  }else if( !(serial_type & 0x01) ){ 
+  }else if( !(serial_type & 0x01) ){
     res = pPKey2->r2;      /* (pKey1/nKey1) is a blob */
   }else{
     int nCmp;
@@ -4987,7 +5067,7 @@ RecordCompare sqlite3VdbeFindCompare(UnpackedRecord *p){
   /* varintRecordCompareInt() and varintRecordCompareString() both assume
   ** that the size-of-header varint that occurs at the start of each record
   ** fits in a single byte (i.e. is 127 or less). varintRecordCompareInt()
-  ** also assumes that it is safe to overread a buffer by at least the 
+  ** also assumes that it is safe to overread a buffer by at least the
   ** maximum possible legal header size plus 8 bytes. Because there is
   ** guaranteed to be at least 74 (but not 136) bytes of padding following each
   ** buffer passed to varintRecordCompareInt() this makes it convenient to
@@ -5048,7 +5128,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(sqlite3 *db, BtCursor *pCur, i64 *rowid){
   /* Get the size of the index entry.  Only indices entries of less
   ** than 2GiB are support - anything large must be database corruption.
   ** Any corruption is detected in sqlite3BtreeParseCellPtr(), though, so
-  ** this code can safely assume that nCellKey is 32-bits  
+  ** this code can safely assume that nCellKey is 32-bits 
   */
   assert( sqlite3BtreeCursorIsValid(pCur) );
   nCellKey = sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(pCur);
@@ -5113,7 +5193,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(sqlite3 *db, BtCursor *pCur, i64 *rowid){
 **
 ** pUnpacked is either created without a rowid or is truncated so that it
 ** omits the rowid at the end.  The rowid at the end of the index entry
-** is ignored as well.  Hence, this routine only compares the prefixes 
+** is ignored as well.  Hence, this routine only compares the prefixes
 ** of the keys prior to the final rowid, not the entire key.
 */
 int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(
@@ -5149,7 +5229,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(
 
 /*
 ** This routine sets the value to be returned by subsequent calls to
-** sqlite3_changes() on the database handle 'db'. 
+** sqlite3_changes() on the database handle 'db'.
 */
 void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *db, i64 nChange){
   assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(db->mutex) );
@@ -5206,7 +5286,7 @@ u8 sqlite3VdbePrepareFlags(Vdbe *v){
 
 /*
 ** Return a pointer to an sqlite3_value structure containing the value bound
-** parameter iVar of VM v. Except, if the value is an SQL NULL, return 
+** parameter iVar of VM v. Except, if the value is an SQL NULL, return
 ** 0 instead. Unless it is NULL, apply affinity aff (one of the SQLITE_AFF_*
 ** constants) to the value before returning it.
 **
@@ -5281,7 +5361,7 @@ int sqlite3NotPureFunc(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS) && defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
 /*
 ** This Walker callback is used to help verify that calls to
-** sqlite3BtreeCursorHint() with opcode BTREE_HINT_RANGE have 
+** sqlite3BtreeCursorHint() with opcode BTREE_HINT_RANGE have
 ** byte-code register values correctly initialized.
 */
 int sqlite3CursorRangeHintExprCheck(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
@@ -5312,7 +5392,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabImportErrmsg(Vdbe *p, sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
 
 /*
-** If the second argument is not NULL, release any allocations associated 
+** If the second argument is not NULL, release any allocations associated
 ** with the memory cells in the p->aMem[] array. Also free the UnpackedRecord
 ** structure itself, using sqlite3DbFree().
 **
@@ -5380,7 +5460,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbePreUpdateHook(
 
   assert( pCsr!=0 );
   assert( pCsr->eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE );
-  assert( pCsr->nField==nRealCol 
+  assert( pCsr->nField==nRealCol
        || (pCsr->nField==nRealCol+1 && op==SQLITE_DELETE && iReg==-1)
   );
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbeblob.c b/sqlite/src/vdbeblob.c
index 32987da1..522447db 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbeblob.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbeblob.c
@@ -59,8 +59,7 @@ static int blobSeekToRow(Incrblob *p, sqlite3_int64 iRow, char **pzErr){
   /* Set the value of register r[1] in the SQL statement to integer iRow. 
   ** This is done directly as a performance optimization
   */
-  v->aMem[1].flags = MEM_Int;
-  v->aMem[1].u.i = iRow;
+  sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(&v->aMem[1], iRow);
 
   /* If the statement has been run before (and is paused at the OP_ResultRow)
   ** then back it up to the point where it does the OP_NotExists.  This could
@@ -143,7 +142,7 @@ int sqlite3_blob_open(
 #endif
   *ppBlob = 0;
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
-  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) || zTable==0 ){
+  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) || zTable==0 || zColumn==0 ){
     return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
   }
 #endif
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbemem.c b/sqlite/src/vdbemem.c
index d3cd55ba..eee82814 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbemem.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbemem.c
@@ -314,6 +314,40 @@ int sqlite3VdbeMemClearAndResize(Mem *pMem, int szNew){
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
+/*
+** If pMem is already a string, detect if it is a zero-terminated
+** string, or make it into one if possible, and mark it as such.
+**
+** This is an optimization.  Correct operation continues even if
+** this routine is a no-op.
+*/
+void sqlite3VdbeMemZeroTerminateIfAble(Mem *pMem){
+  if( (pMem->flags & (MEM_Str|MEM_Term|MEM_Ephem|MEM_Static))!=MEM_Str ){
+    /* pMem must be a string, and it cannot be an ephemeral or static string */
+    return;
+  }
+  if( pMem->enc!=SQLITE_UTF8 ) return;
+  if( NEVER(pMem->z==0) ) return;
+  if( pMem->flags & MEM_Dyn ){
+    if( pMem->xDel==sqlite3_free
+     && sqlite3_msize(pMem->z) >= (u64)(pMem->n+1)
+    ){
+      pMem->z[pMem->n] = 0;
+      pMem->flags |= MEM_Term;
+      return;
+    }
+    if( pMem->xDel==sqlite3RCStrUnref ){
+      /* Blindly assume that all RCStr objects are zero-terminated */
+      pMem->flags |= MEM_Term;
+      return;
+    }
+  }else if( pMem->szMalloc >= pMem->n+1 ){
+    pMem->z[pMem->n] = 0;
+    pMem->flags |= MEM_Term;
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** It is already known that pMem contains an unterminated string.
 ** Add the zero terminator.
@@ -575,36 +609,6 @@ void sqlite3VdbeMemReleaseMalloc(Mem *p){
   if( p->szMalloc ) vdbeMemClear(p);
 }
 
-/*
-** Convert a 64-bit IEEE double into a 64-bit signed integer.
-** If the double is out of range of a 64-bit signed integer then
-** return the closest available 64-bit signed integer.
-*/
-static SQLITE_NOINLINE i64 doubleToInt64(double r){
-#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
-  /* When floating-point is omitted, double and int64 are the same thing */
-  return r;
-#else
-  /*
-  ** Many compilers we encounter do not define constants for the
-  ** minimum and maximum 64-bit integers, or they define them
-  ** inconsistently.  And many do not understand the "LL" notation.
-  ** So we define our own static constants here using nothing
-  ** larger than a 32-bit integer constant.
-  */
-  static const i64 maxInt = LARGEST_INT64;
-  static const i64 minInt = SMALLEST_INT64;
-
-  if( r<=(double)minInt ){
-    return minInt;
-  }else if( r>=(double)maxInt ){
-    return maxInt;
-  }else{
-    return (i64)r;
-  }
-#endif
-}
-
 /*
 ** Return some kind of integer value which is the best we can do
 ** at representing the value that *pMem describes as an integer.
@@ -631,7 +635,7 @@ i64 sqlite3VdbeIntValue(const Mem *pMem){
     testcase( flags & MEM_IntReal );
     return pMem->u.i;
   }else if( flags & MEM_Real ){
-    return doubleToInt64(pMem->u.r);
+    return sqlite3RealToI64(pMem->u.r);
   }else if( (flags & (MEM_Str|MEM_Blob))!=0 && pMem->z!=0 ){
     return memIntValue(pMem);
   }else{
@@ -693,7 +697,7 @@ void sqlite3VdbeIntegerAffinity(Mem *pMem){
   if( pMem->flags & MEM_IntReal ){
     MemSetTypeFlag(pMem, MEM_Int);
   }else{
-    i64 ix = doubleToInt64(pMem->u.r);
+    i64 ix = sqlite3RealToI64(pMem->u.r);
 
     /* Only mark the value as an integer if
     **
@@ -761,8 +765,8 @@ int sqlite3RealSameAsInt(double r1, sqlite3_int64 i){
 ** from UBSAN.
 */
 i64 sqlite3RealToI64(double r){
-  if( r<=(double)SMALLEST_INT64 ) return SMALLEST_INT64;
-  if( r>=(double)LARGEST_INT64) return LARGEST_INT64;
+  if( r<-9223372036854774784.0 ) return SMALLEST_INT64;
+  if( r>+9223372036854774784.0 ) return LARGEST_INT64;
   return (i64)r;
 }
 
@@ -833,6 +837,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeMemCast(Mem *pMem, u8 aff, u8 encoding){
       break;
     }
     default: {
+      int rc;
       assert( aff==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT );
       assert( MEM_Str==(MEM_Blob>>3) );
       pMem->flags |= (pMem->flags&MEM_Blob)>>3;
@@ -840,7 +845,9 @@ int sqlite3VdbeMemCast(Mem *pMem, u8 aff, u8 encoding){
       assert( pMem->flags & MEM_Str || pMem->db->mallocFailed );
       pMem->flags &= ~(MEM_Int|MEM_Real|MEM_IntReal|MEM_Blob|MEM_Zero);
       if( encoding!=SQLITE_UTF8 ) pMem->n &= ~1;
-      return sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pMem, encoding);
+      rc = sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(pMem, encoding);
+      if( rc ) return rc;
+      sqlite3VdbeMemZeroTerminateIfAble(pMem);
     }
   }
   return SQLITE_OK;
@@ -1364,6 +1371,24 @@ const void *sqlite3ValueText(sqlite3_value* pVal, u8 enc){
   return valueToText(pVal, enc);
 }
 
+/* Return true if sqlit3_value object pVal is a string or blob value
+** that uses the destructor specified in the second argument.
+**
+** TODO:  Maybe someday promote this interface into a published API so
+** that third-party extensions can get access to it?
+*/
+int sqlite3ValueIsOfClass(const sqlite3_value *pVal, void(*xFree)(void*)){
+  if( ALWAYS(pVal!=0)
+   && ALWAYS((pVal->flags & (MEM_Str|MEM_Blob))!=0)
+   && (pVal->flags & MEM_Dyn)!=0
+   && pVal->xDel==xFree
+  ){
+    return 1;
+  }else{
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
 /*
 ** Create a new sqlite3_value object.
 */
@@ -1431,6 +1456,7 @@ static sqlite3_value *valueNew(sqlite3 *db, struct ValueNewStat4Ctx *p){
     }
   
     pRec->nField = p->iVal+1;
+    sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(&pRec->aMem[p->iVal]);
     return &pRec->aMem[p->iVal];
   }
 #else
@@ -1690,6 +1716,7 @@ static int valueFromExpr(
     if( pVal ){
       pVal->flags = MEM_Int;
       pVal->u.i = pExpr->u.zToken[4]==0;
+      sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(pVal, affinity, enc);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbesort.c b/sqlite/src/vdbesort.c
index 3958662c..00836903 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbesort.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbesort.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 **                                  is like Close() followed by Init() only
 **                                  much faster.
 **
-** The interfaces above must be called in a particular order.  Write() can 
+** The interfaces above must be called in a particular order.  Write() can
 ** only occur in between Init()/Reset() and Rewind().  Next(), Rowkey(), and
 ** Compare() can only occur in between Rewind() and Close()/Reset(). i.e.
 **
@@ -63,16 +63,16 @@
 **   for each record: Write()
 **   Rewind()
 **     Rowkey()/Compare()
-**   Next() 
+**   Next()
 **   Close()
 **
 ** Algorithm:
 **
-** Records passed to the sorter via calls to Write() are initially held 
+** Records passed to the sorter via calls to Write() are initially held
 ** unsorted in main memory. Assuming the amount of memory used never exceeds
 ** a threshold, when Rewind() is called the set of records is sorted using
 ** an in-memory merge sort. In this case, no temporary files are required
-** and subsequent calls to Rowkey(), Next() and Compare() read records 
+** and subsequent calls to Rowkey(), Next() and Compare() read records
 ** directly from main memory.
 **
 ** If the amount of space used to store records in main memory exceeds the
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@
 ** of PMAs may be created by merging existing PMAs together - for example
 ** merging two or more level-0 PMAs together creates a level-1 PMA.
 **
-** The threshold for the amount of main memory to use before flushing 
+** The threshold for the amount of main memory to use before flushing
 ** records to a PMA is roughly the same as the limit configured for the
-** page-cache of the main database. Specifically, the threshold is set to 
-** the value returned by "PRAGMA main.page_size" multipled by 
+** page-cache of the main database. Specifically, the threshold is set to
+** the value returned by "PRAGMA main.page_size" multiplied by
 ** that returned by "PRAGMA main.cache_size", in bytes.
 **
 ** If the sorter is running in single-threaded mode, then all PMAs generated
@@ -102,28 +102,28 @@
 ** than zero, and (b) worker threads have been enabled at runtime by calling
 ** "PRAGMA threads=N" with some value of N greater than 0.
 **
-** When Rewind() is called, any data remaining in memory is flushed to a 
+** When Rewind() is called, any data remaining in memory is flushed to a
 ** final PMA. So at this point the data is stored in some number of sorted
 ** PMAs within temporary files on disk.
 **
 ** If there are fewer than SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT PMAs in total and the
 ** sorter is running in single-threaded mode, then these PMAs are merged
-** incrementally as keys are retreived from the sorter by the VDBE.  The
+** incrementally as keys are retrieved from the sorter by the VDBE.  The
 ** MergeEngine object, described in further detail below, performs this
 ** merge.
 **
 ** Or, if running in multi-threaded mode, then a background thread is
 ** launched to merge the existing PMAs. Once the background thread has
-** merged T bytes of data into a single sorted PMA, the main thread 
+** merged T bytes of data into a single sorted PMA, the main thread
 ** begins reading keys from that PMA while the background thread proceeds
 ** with merging the next T bytes of data. And so on.
 **
-** Parameter T is set to half the value of the memory threshold used 
+** Parameter T is set to half the value of the memory threshold used
 ** by Write() above to determine when to create a new PMA.
 **
-** If there are more than SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT PMAs in total when 
-** Rewind() is called, then a hierarchy of incremental-merges is used. 
-** First, T bytes of data from the first SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT PMAs on 
+** If there are more than SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT PMAs in total when
+** Rewind() is called, then a hierarchy of incremental-merges is used.
+** First, T bytes of data from the first SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT PMAs on
 ** disk are merged together. Then T bytes of data from the second set, and
 ** so on, such that no operation ever merges more than SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT
 ** PMAs at a time. This done is to improve locality.
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@
 #include "sqliteInt.h"
 #include "vdbeInt.h"
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** If SQLITE_DEBUG_SORTER_THREADS is defined, this module outputs various
 ** messages to stderr that may be helpful in understanding the performance
 ** characteristics of the sorter in multi-threaded mode.
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ typedef struct SorterList SorterList;       /* In-memory list of records */
 typedef struct IncrMerger IncrMerger;       /* Read & merge multiple PMAs */
 
 /*
-** A container for a temp file handle and the current amount of data 
+** A container for a temp file handle and the current amount of data
 ** stored in the file.
 */
 struct SorterFile {
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ struct SorterFile {
 struct SorterList {
   SorterRecord *pList;            /* Linked list of records */
   u8 *aMemory;                    /* If non-NULL, bulk memory to hold pList */
-  int szPMA;                      /* Size of pList as PMA in bytes */
+  i64 szPMA;                      /* Size of pList as PMA in bytes */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -207,17 +207,17 @@ struct SorterList {
 ** the MergeEngine.nTree variable.
 **
 ** The final (N/2) elements of aTree[] contain the results of comparing
-** pairs of PMA keys together. Element i contains the result of 
+** pairs of PMA keys together. Element i contains the result of
 ** comparing aReadr[2*i-N] and aReadr[2*i-N+1]. Whichever key is smaller, the
-** aTree element is set to the index of it. 
+** aTree element is set to the index of it.
 **
 ** For the purposes of this comparison, EOF is considered greater than any
 ** other key value. If the keys are equal (only possible with two EOF
 ** values), it doesn't matter which index is stored.
 **
-** The (N/4) elements of aTree[] that precede the final (N/2) described 
+** The (N/4) elements of aTree[] that precede the final (N/2) described
 ** above contains the index of the smallest of each block of 4 PmaReaders
-** And so on. So that aTree[1] contains the index of the PmaReader that 
+** And so on. So that aTree[1] contains the index of the PmaReader that
 ** currently points to the smallest key value. aTree[0] is unused.
 **
 ** Example:
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ struct SorterList {
 **
 **     aTree[] = { X, 5   0, 5    0, 3, 5, 6 }
 **
-** The current element is "Apple" (the value of the key indicated by 
+** The current element is "Apple" (the value of the key indicated by
 ** PmaReader 5). When the Next() operation is invoked, PmaReader 5 will
 ** be advanced to the next key in its segment. Say the next key is
 ** "Eggplant":
@@ -271,11 +271,11 @@ struct MergeEngine {
 **
 ** Essentially, this structure contains all those fields of the VdbeSorter
 ** structure for which each thread requires a separate instance. For example,
-** each thread requries its own UnpackedRecord object to unpack records in
+** each thread requeries its own UnpackedRecord object to unpack records in
 ** as part of comparison operations.
 **
-** Before a background thread is launched, variable bDone is set to 0. Then, 
-** right before it exits, the thread itself sets bDone to 1. This is used for 
+** Before a background thread is launched, variable bDone is set to 0. Then,
+** right before it exits, the thread itself sets bDone to 1. This is used for
 ** two purposes:
 **
 **   1. When flushing the contents of memory to a level-0 PMA on disk, to
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@ typedef int (*SorterCompare)(SortSubtask*,int*,const void*,int,const void*,int);
 struct SortSubtask {
   SQLiteThread *pThread;          /* Background thread, if any */
   int bDone;                      /* Set if thread is finished but not joined */
+  int nPMA;                       /* Number of PMAs currently in file */
   VdbeSorter *pSorter;            /* Sorter that owns this sub-task */
   UnpackedRecord *pUnpacked;      /* Space to unpack a record */
   SorterList list;                /* List for thread to write to a PMA */
-  int nPMA;                       /* Number of PMAs currently in file */
   SorterCompare xCompare;         /* Compare function to use */
   SorterFile file;                /* Temp file for level-0 PMAs */
   SorterFile file2;               /* Space for other PMAs */
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ struct SortSubtask {
 
 
 /*
-** Main sorter structure. A single instance of this is allocated for each 
+** Main sorter structure. A single instance of this is allocated for each
 ** sorter cursor created by the VDBE.
 **
 ** mxKeysize:
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ struct VdbeSorter {
 ** PMA, in sorted order.  The next key to be read is cached in nKey/aKey.
 ** aKey might point into aMap or into aBuffer.  If neither of those locations
 ** contain a contiguous representation of the key, then aAlloc is allocated
-** and the key is copied into aAlloc and aKey is made to poitn to aAlloc.
+** and the key is copied into aAlloc and aKey is made to point to aAlloc.
 **
 ** pFd==0 at EOF.
 */
@@ -362,21 +362,21 @@ struct PmaReader {
 };
 
 /*
-** Normally, a PmaReader object iterates through an existing PMA stored 
+** Normally, a PmaReader object iterates through an existing PMA stored
 ** within a temp file. However, if the PmaReader.pIncr variable points to
 ** an object of the following type, it may be used to iterate/merge through
 ** multiple PMAs simultaneously.
 **
-** There are two types of IncrMerger object - single (bUseThread==0) and 
-** multi-threaded (bUseThread==1). 
+** There are two types of IncrMerger object - single (bUseThread==0) and
+** multi-threaded (bUseThread==1).
 **
-** A multi-threaded IncrMerger object uses two temporary files - aFile[0] 
-** and aFile[1]. Neither file is allowed to grow to more than mxSz bytes in 
-** size. When the IncrMerger is initialized, it reads enough data from 
-** pMerger to populate aFile[0]. It then sets variables within the 
-** corresponding PmaReader object to read from that file and kicks off 
-** a background thread to populate aFile[1] with the next mxSz bytes of 
-** sorted record data from pMerger. 
+** A multi-threaded IncrMerger object uses two temporary files - aFile[0]
+** and aFile[1]. Neither file is allowed to grow to more than mxSz bytes in
+** size. When the IncrMerger is initialized, it reads enough data from
+** pMerger to populate aFile[0]. It then sets variables within the
+** corresponding PmaReader object to read from that file and kicks off
+** a background thread to populate aFile[1] with the next mxSz bytes of
+** sorted record data from pMerger.
 **
 ** When the PmaReader reaches the end of aFile[0], it blocks until the
 ** background thread has finished populating aFile[1]. It then exchanges
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ struct PmaReader {
 **
 ** A single-threaded IncrMerger does not open any temporary files of its
 ** own. Instead, it has exclusive access to mxSz bytes of space beginning
-** at offset iStartOff of file pTask->file2. And instead of using a 
+** at offset iStartOff of file pTask->file2. And instead of using a
 ** background thread to prepare data for the PmaReader, with a single
 ** threaded IncrMerger the allocate part of pTask->file2 is "refilled" with
 ** keys from pMerger by the calling thread whenever the PmaReader runs out
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReadBlob(
 
   assert( p->aBuffer );
 
-  /* If there is no more data to be read from the buffer, read the next 
+  /* If there is no more data to be read from the buffer, read the next
   ** p->nBuffer bytes of data from the file into it. Or, if there are less
   ** than p->nBuffer bytes remaining in the PMA, read all remaining data.  */
   iBuf = p->iReadOff % p->nBuffer;
@@ -520,11 +520,11 @@ static int vdbePmaReadBlob(
     assert( rc!=SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ );
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) return rc;
   }
-  nAvail = p->nBuffer - iBuf; 
+  nAvail = p->nBuffer - iBuf;
 
   if( nByte<=nAvail ){
     /* The requested data is available in the in-memory buffer. In this
-    ** case there is no need to make a copy of the data, just return a 
+    ** case there is no need to make a copy of the data, just return a
     ** pointer into the buffer to the caller.  */
     *ppOut = &p->aBuffer[iBuf];
     p->iReadOff += nByte;
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReadVarint(PmaReader *p, u64 *pnOut){
 
 /*
 ** Attempt to memory map file pFile. If successful, set *pp to point to the
-** new mapping and return SQLITE_OK. If the mapping is not attempted 
+** new mapping and return SQLITE_OK. If the mapping is not attempted
 ** (because the file is too large or the VFS layer is configured not to use
 ** mmap), return SQLITE_OK and set *pp to NULL.
 **
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterMapFile(SortSubtask *pTask, SorterFile *pFile, u8 **pp){
 
 /*
 ** Attach PmaReader pReadr to file pFile (if it is not already attached to
-** that file) and seek it to offset iOff within the file.  Return SQLITE_OK 
+** that file) and seek it to offset iOff within the file.  Return SQLITE_OK
 ** if successful, or an SQLite error code if an error occurs.
 */
 static int vdbePmaReaderSeek(
@@ -714,11 +714,11 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderNext(PmaReader *pReadr){
 
 /*
 ** Initialize PmaReader pReadr to scan through the PMA stored in file pFile
-** starting at offset iStart and ending at offset iEof-1. This function 
-** leaves the PmaReader pointing to the first key in the PMA (or EOF if the 
+** starting at offset iStart and ending at offset iEof-1. This function
+** leaves the PmaReader pointing to the first key in the PMA (or EOF if the
 ** PMA is empty).
 **
-** If the pnByte parameter is NULL, then it is assumed that the file 
+** If the pnByte parameter is NULL, then it is assumed that the file
 ** contains a single PMA, and that that PMA omits the initial length varint.
 */
 static int vdbePmaReaderInit(
@@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderInit(
 
 /*
 ** A version of vdbeSorterCompare() that assumes that it has already been
-** determined that the first field of key1 is equal to the first field of 
+** determined that the first field of key1 is equal to the first field of
 ** key2.
 */
 static int vdbeSorterCompareTail(
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterCompareTail(
 }
 
 /*
-** Compare key1 (buffer pKey1, size nKey1 bytes) with key2 (buffer pKey2, 
+** Compare key1 (buffer pKey1, size nKey1 bytes) with key2 (buffer pKey2,
 ** size nKey2 bytes). Use (pTask->pKeyInfo) for the collation sequences
 ** used by the comparison. Return the result of the comparison.
 **
@@ -915,7 +915,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterCompareInt(
 ** is non-zero and the sorter is able to guarantee a stable sort, nField
 ** is used instead. This is used when sorting records for a CREATE INDEX
 ** statement. In this case, keys are always delivered to the sorter in
-** order of the primary key, which happens to be make up the final part 
+** order of the primary key, which happens to be make up the final part
 ** of the records being sorted. So if the sort is stable, there is never
 ** any reason to compare PK fields and they can be ignored for a small
 ** performance boost.
@@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSorterInit(
       }
     }
 
-    if( pKeyInfo->nAllField<13 
+    if( pKeyInfo->nAllField<13
      && (pKeyInfo->aColl[0]==0 || pKeyInfo->aColl[0]==db->pDfltColl)
      && (pKeyInfo->aSortFlags[0] & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL)==0
     ){
@@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@ static void vdbeSorterRecordFree(sqlite3 *db, SorterRecord *pRecord){
 }
 
 /*
-** Free all resources owned by the object indicated by argument pTask. All 
+** Free all resources owned by the object indicated by argument pTask. All
 ** fields of *pTask are zeroed before returning.
 */
 static void vdbeSortSubtaskCleanup(sqlite3 *db, SortSubtask *pTask){
@@ -1141,7 +1141,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterCreateThread(
 }
 
 /*
-** Join all outstanding threads launched by SorterWrite() to create 
+** Join all outstanding threads launched by SorterWrite() to create
 ** level-0 PMAs.
 */
 static int vdbeSorterJoinAll(VdbeSorter *pSorter, int rcin){
@@ -1150,10 +1150,10 @@ static int vdbeSorterJoinAll(VdbeSorter *pSorter, int rcin){
 
   /* This function is always called by the main user thread.
   **
-  ** If this function is being called after SorterRewind() has been called, 
+  ** If this function is being called after SorterRewind() has been called,
   ** it is possible that thread pSorter->aTask[pSorter->nTask-1].pThread
   ** is currently attempt to join one of the other threads. To avoid a race
-  ** condition where this thread also attempts to join the same object, join 
+  ** condition where this thread also attempts to join the same object, join
   ** thread pSorter->aTask[pSorter->nTask-1].pThread first. */
   for(i=pSorter->nTask-1; i>=0; i--){
     SortSubtask *pTask = &pSorter->aTask[i];
@@ -1325,8 +1325,8 @@ static int vdbeSorterOpenTempFile(
 }
 
 /*
-** If it has not already been allocated, allocate the UnpackedRecord 
-** structure at pTask->pUnpacked. Return SQLITE_OK if successful (or 
+** If it has not already been allocated, allocate the UnpackedRecord
+** structure at pTask->pUnpacked. Return SQLITE_OK if successful (or
 ** if no allocation was required), or SQLITE_NOMEM otherwise.
 */
 static int vdbeSortAllocUnpacked(SortSubtask *pTask){
@@ -1389,14 +1389,14 @@ static SorterCompare vdbeSorterGetCompare(VdbeSorter *p){
   if( p->typeMask==SORTER_TYPE_INTEGER ){
     return vdbeSorterCompareInt;
   }else if( p->typeMask==SORTER_TYPE_TEXT ){
-    return vdbeSorterCompareText; 
+    return vdbeSorterCompareText;
   }
   return vdbeSorterCompare;
 }
 
 /*
-** Sort the linked list of records headed at pTask->pList. Return 
-** SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if 
+** Sort the linked list of records headed at pTask->pList. Return
+** SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if
 ** an error occurs.
 */
 static int vdbeSorterSort(SortSubtask *pTask, SorterList *pList){
@@ -1441,8 +1441,8 @@ static int vdbeSorterSort(SortSubtask *pTask, SorterList *pList){
   }
   pList->pList = p;
 
-  assert( pTask->pUnpacked->errCode==SQLITE_OK 
-       || pTask->pUnpacked->errCode==SQLITE_NOMEM 
+  assert( pTask->pUnpacked->errCode==SQLITE_OK
+       || pTask->pUnpacked->errCode==SQLITE_NOMEM
   );
   return pTask->pUnpacked->errCode;
 }
@@ -1483,8 +1483,8 @@ static void vdbePmaWriteBlob(PmaWriter *p, u8 *pData, int nData){
     memcpy(&p->aBuffer[p->iBufEnd], &pData[nData-nRem], nCopy);
     p->iBufEnd += nCopy;
     if( p->iBufEnd==p->nBuffer ){
-      p->eFWErr = sqlite3OsWrite(p->pFd, 
-          &p->aBuffer[p->iBufStart], p->iBufEnd - p->iBufStart, 
+      p->eFWErr = sqlite3OsWrite(p->pFd,
+          &p->aBuffer[p->iBufStart], p->iBufEnd - p->iBufStart,
           p->iWriteOff + p->iBufStart
       );
       p->iBufStart = p->iBufEnd = 0;
@@ -1499,7 +1499,7 @@ static void vdbePmaWriteBlob(PmaWriter *p, u8 *pData, int nData){
 /*
 ** Flush any buffered data to disk and clean up the PMA-writer object.
 ** The results of using the PMA-writer after this call are undefined.
-** Return SQLITE_OK if flushing the buffered data succeeds or is not 
+** Return SQLITE_OK if flushing the buffered data succeeds or is not
 ** required. Otherwise, return an SQLite error code.
 **
 ** Before returning, set *piEof to the offset immediately following the
@@ -1508,8 +1508,8 @@ static void vdbePmaWriteBlob(PmaWriter *p, u8 *pData, int nData){
 static int vdbePmaWriterFinish(PmaWriter *p, i64 *piEof){
   int rc;
   if( p->eFWErr==0 && ALWAYS(p->aBuffer) && p->iBufEnd>p->iBufStart ){
-    p->eFWErr = sqlite3OsWrite(p->pFd, 
-        &p->aBuffer[p->iBufStart], p->iBufEnd - p->iBufStart, 
+    p->eFWErr = sqlite3OsWrite(p->pFd,
+        &p->aBuffer[p->iBufStart], p->iBufEnd - p->iBufStart,
         p->iWriteOff + p->iBufStart
     );
   }
@@ -1521,11 +1521,11 @@ static int vdbePmaWriterFinish(PmaWriter *p, i64 *piEof){
 }
 
 /*
-** Write value iVal encoded as a varint to the PMA. Return 
+** Write value iVal encoded as a varint to the PMA. Return
 ** SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code if an error occurs.
 */
 static void vdbePmaWriteVarint(PmaWriter *p, u64 iVal){
-  int nByte; 
+  int nByte;
   u8 aByte[10];
   nByte = sqlite3PutVarint(aByte, iVal);
   vdbePmaWriteBlob(p, aByte, nByte);
@@ -1533,7 +1533,7 @@ static void vdbePmaWriteVarint(PmaWriter *p, u64 iVal){
 
 /*
 ** Write the current contents of in-memory linked-list pList to a level-0
-** PMA in the temp file belonging to sub-task pTask. Return SQLITE_OK if 
+** PMA in the temp file belonging to sub-task pTask. Return SQLITE_OK if
 ** successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
 **
 ** The format of a PMA is:
@@ -1541,8 +1541,8 @@ static void vdbePmaWriteVarint(PmaWriter *p, u64 iVal){
 **     * A varint. This varint contains the total number of bytes of content
 **       in the PMA (not including the varint itself).
 **
-**     * One or more records packed end-to-end in order of ascending keys. 
-**       Each record consists of a varint followed by a blob of data (the 
+**     * One or more records packed end-to-end in order of ascending keys.
+**       Each record consists of a varint followed by a blob of data (the
 **       key). The varint is the number of bytes in the blob of data.
 */
 static int vdbeSorterListToPMA(SortSubtask *pTask, SorterList *pList){
@@ -1551,7 +1551,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterListToPMA(SortSubtask *pTask, SorterList *pList){
   PmaWriter writer;               /* Object used to write to the file */
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
-  /* Set iSz to the expected size of file pTask->file after writing the PMA. 
+  /* Set iSz to the expected size of file pTask->file after writing the PMA.
   ** This is used by an assert() statement at the end of this function.  */
   i64 iSz = pList->szPMA + sqlite3VarintLen(pList->szPMA) + pTask->file.iEof;
 #endif
@@ -1704,7 +1704,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterFlushPMA(VdbeSorter *pSorter){
   SortSubtask *pTask = 0;    /* Thread context used to create new PMA */
   int nWorker = (pSorter->nTask-1);
 
-  /* Set the flag to indicate that at least one PMA has been written. 
+  /* Set the flag to indicate that at least one PMA has been written.
   ** Or will be, anyhow.  */
   pSorter->bUsePMA = 1;
 
@@ -1714,7 +1714,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterFlushPMA(VdbeSorter *pSorter){
   ** the background thread from a sub-tasks previous turn is still running,
   ** skip it. If the first (pSorter->nTask-1) sub-tasks are all still busy,
   ** fall back to using the final sub-task. The first (pSorter->nTask-1)
-  ** sub-tasks are prefered as they use background threads - the final 
+  ** sub-tasks are preferred as they use background threads - the final
   ** sub-task uses the main thread. */
   for(i=0; i<nWorker; i++){
     int iTest = (pSorter->iPrev + i + 1) % nWorker;
@@ -1772,8 +1772,8 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSorterWrite(
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return Code */
   SorterRecord *pNew;             /* New list element */
   int bFlush;                     /* True to flush contents of memory to PMA */
-  int nReq;                       /* Bytes of memory required */
-  int nPMA;                       /* Bytes of PMA space required */
+  i64 nReq;                       /* Bytes of memory required */
+  i64 nPMA;                       /* Bytes of PMA space required */
   int t;                          /* serial type of first record field */
 
   assert( pCsr->eCurType==CURTYPE_SORTER );
@@ -1795,14 +1795,14 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSorterWrite(
   ** If using the single large allocation mode (pSorter->aMemory!=0), then
   ** flush the contents of memory to a new PMA if (a) at least one value is
   ** already in memory and (b) the new value will not fit in memory.
-  ** 
+  **
   ** Or, if using separate allocations for each record, flush the contents
   ** of memory to a PMA if either of the following are true:
   **
-  **   * The total memory allocated for the in-memory list is greater 
+  **   * The total memory allocated for the in-memory list is greater
   **     than (page-size * cache-size), or
   **
-  **   * The total memory allocated for the in-memory list is greater 
+  **   * The total memory allocated for the in-memory list is greater
   **     than (page-size * 10) and sqlite3HeapNearlyFull() returns true.
   */
   nReq = pVal->n + sizeof(SorterRecord);
@@ -1941,11 +1941,11 @@ static int vdbeIncrBgPopulate(IncrMerger *pIncr){
 ** aFile[0] such that the PmaReader should start rereading it from the
 ** beginning.
 **
-** For single-threaded objects, this is accomplished by literally reading 
-** keys from pIncr->pMerger and repopulating aFile[0]. 
+** For single-threaded objects, this is accomplished by literally reading
+** keys from pIncr->pMerger and repopulating aFile[0].
 **
-** For multi-threaded objects, all that is required is to wait until the 
-** background thread is finished (if it is not already) and then swap 
+** For multi-threaded objects, all that is required is to wait until the
+** background thread is finished (if it is not already) and then swap
 ** aFile[0] and aFile[1] in place. If the contents of pMerger have not
 ** been exhausted, this function also launches a new background thread
 ** to populate the new aFile[1].
@@ -2086,7 +2086,7 @@ static void vdbeMergeEngineCompare(
 #define INCRINIT_TASK   1
 #define INCRINIT_ROOT   2
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Forward reference required as the vdbeIncrMergeInit() and
 ** vdbePmaReaderIncrInit() routines are called mutually recursively when
 ** building a merge tree.
@@ -2095,7 +2095,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderIncrInit(PmaReader *pReadr, int eMode);
 
 /*
 ** Initialize the MergeEngine object passed as the second argument. Once this
-** function returns, the first key of merged data may be read from the 
+** function returns, the first key of merged data may be read from the
 ** MergeEngine object in the usual fashion.
 **
 ** If argument eMode is INCRINIT_ROOT, then it is assumed that any IncrMerge
@@ -2105,8 +2105,8 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderIncrInit(PmaReader *pReadr, int eMode);
 ** required is to call vdbePmaReaderNext() on each PmaReader to point it at
 ** its first key.
 **
-** Otherwise, if eMode is any value other than INCRINIT_ROOT, then use 
-** vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit() to initialize each PmaReader that feeds data 
+** Otherwise, if eMode is any value other than INCRINIT_ROOT, then use
+** vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit() to initialize each PmaReader that feeds data
 ** to pMerger.
 **
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
@@ -2161,19 +2161,19 @@ static int vdbeMergeEngineInit(
 ** object at (pReadr->pIncr).
 **
 ** If argument eMode is set to INCRINIT_NORMAL, then all PmaReaders
-** in the sub-tree headed by pReadr are also initialized. Data is then 
-** loaded into the buffers belonging to pReadr and it is set to point to 
+** in the sub-tree headed by pReadr are also initialized. Data is then
+** loaded into the buffers belonging to pReadr and it is set to point to
 ** the first key in its range.
 **
 ** If argument eMode is set to INCRINIT_TASK, then pReadr is guaranteed
 ** to be a multi-threaded PmaReader and this function is being called in a
-** background thread. In this case all PmaReaders in the sub-tree are 
+** background thread. In this case all PmaReaders in the sub-tree are
 ** initialized as for INCRINIT_NORMAL and the aFile[1] buffer belonging to
 ** pReadr is populated. However, pReadr itself is not set up to point
 ** to its first key. A call to vdbePmaReaderNext() is still required to do
-** that. 
+** that.
 **
-** The reason this function does not call vdbePmaReaderNext() immediately 
+** The reason this function does not call vdbePmaReaderNext() immediately
 ** in the INCRINIT_TASK case is that vdbePmaReaderNext() assumes that it has
 ** to block on thread (pTask->thread) before accessing aFile[1]. But, since
 ** this entire function is being run by thread (pTask->thread), that will
@@ -2198,7 +2198,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit(PmaReader *pReadr, int eMode){
 
   rc = vdbeMergeEngineInit(pTask, pIncr->pMerger, eMode);
 
-  /* Set up the required files for pIncr. A multi-theaded IncrMerge object
+  /* Set up the required files for pIncr. A multi-threaded IncrMerge object
   ** requires two temp files to itself, whereas a single-threaded object
   ** only requires a region of pTask->file2. */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -2229,12 +2229,12 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit(PmaReader *pReadr, int eMode){
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pIncr->bUseThread ){
     /* Use the current thread to populate aFile[1], even though this
     ** PmaReader is multi-threaded. If this is an INCRINIT_TASK object,
-    ** then this function is already running in background thread 
-    ** pIncr->pTask->thread. 
+    ** then this function is already running in background thread
+    ** pIncr->pTask->thread.
     **
-    ** If this is the INCRINIT_ROOT object, then it is running in the 
+    ** If this is the INCRINIT_ROOT object, then it is running in the
     ** main VDBE thread. But that is Ok, as that thread cannot return
-    ** control to the VDBE or proceed with anything useful until the 
+    ** control to the VDBE or proceed with anything useful until the
     ** first results are ready from this merger object anyway.
     */
     assert( eMode==INCRINIT_ROOT || eMode==INCRINIT_TASK );
@@ -2251,7 +2251,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit(PmaReader *pReadr, int eMode){
 
 #if SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS>0
 /*
-** The main routine for vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit() operations run in 
+** The main routine for vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit() operations run in
 ** background threads.
 */
 static void *vdbePmaReaderBgIncrInit(void *pCtx){
@@ -2269,8 +2269,8 @@ static void *vdbePmaReaderBgIncrInit(void *pCtx){
 ** (if pReadr->pIncr==0), then this function is a no-op. Otherwise, it invokes
 ** the vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit() function with the parameters passed to
 ** this routine to initialize the incremental merge.
-** 
-** If the IncrMerger object is multi-threaded (IncrMerger.bUseThread==1), 
+**
+** If the IncrMerger object is multi-threaded (IncrMerger.bUseThread==1),
 ** then a background thread is launched to call vdbePmaReaderIncrMergeInit().
 ** Or, if the IncrMerger is single threaded, the same function is called
 ** using the current thread.
@@ -2300,7 +2300,7 @@ static int vdbePmaReaderIncrInit(PmaReader *pReadr, int eMode){
 ** to NULL and return an SQLite error code.
 **
 ** When this function is called, *piOffset is set to the offset of the
-** first PMA to read from pTask->file. Assuming no error occurs, it is 
+** first PMA to read from pTask->file. Assuming no error occurs, it is
 ** set to the offset immediately following the last byte of the last
 ** PMA before returning. If an error does occur, then the final value of
 ** *piOffset is undefined.
@@ -2410,12 +2410,12 @@ static int vdbeSorterAddToTree(
 /*
 ** This function is called as part of a SorterRewind() operation on a sorter
 ** that has already written two or more level-0 PMAs to one or more temp
-** files. It builds a tree of MergeEngine/IncrMerger/PmaReader objects that 
+** files. It builds a tree of MergeEngine/IncrMerger/PmaReader objects that
 ** can be used to incrementally merge all PMAs on disk.
 **
 ** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned and *ppOut set to point to the
 ** MergeEngine object at the root of the tree before returning. Or, if an
-** error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final value 
+** error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final value
 ** of *ppOut is undefined.
 */
 static int vdbeSorterMergeTreeBuild(
@@ -2427,8 +2427,8 @@ static int vdbeSorterMergeTreeBuild(
   int iTask;
 
 #if SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS>0
-  /* If the sorter uses more than one task, then create the top-level 
-  ** MergeEngine here. This MergeEngine will read data from exactly 
+  /* If the sorter uses more than one task, then create the top-level
+  ** MergeEngine here. This MergeEngine will read data from exactly
   ** one PmaReader per sub-task.  */
   assert( pSorter->bUseThreads || pSorter->nTask==1 );
   if( pSorter->nTask>1 ){
@@ -2537,7 +2537,7 @@ static int vdbeSorterSetupMerge(VdbeSorter *pSorter){
           }
           for(iTask=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && iTask<pSorter->nTask; iTask++){
             /* Check that:
-            **   
+            **  
             **   a) The incremental merge object is configured to use the
             **      right task, and
             **   b) If it is using task (nTask-1), it is configured to run
@@ -2600,7 +2600,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSorterRewind(const VdbeCursor *pCsr, int *pbEof){
     return rc;
   }
 
-  /* Write the current in-memory list to a PMA. When the VdbeSorterWrite() 
+  /* Write the current in-memory list to a PMA. When the VdbeSorterWrite()
   ** function flushes the contents of memory to disk, it immediately always
   ** creates a new list consisting of a single key immediately afterwards.
   ** So the list is never empty at this point.  */
@@ -2612,7 +2612,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSorterRewind(const VdbeCursor *pCsr, int *pbEof){
 
   vdbeSorterRewindDebug("rewind");
 
-  /* Assuming no errors have occurred, set up a merger structure to 
+  /* Assuming no errors have occurred, set up a merger structure to
   ** incrementally read and merge all remaining PMAs.  */
   assert( pSorter->pReader==0 );
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -2666,7 +2666,7 @@ int sqlite3VdbeSorterNext(sqlite3 *db, const VdbeCursor *pCsr){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return a pointer to a buffer owned by the sorter that contains the 
+** Return a pointer to a buffer owned by the sorter that contains the
 ** current key.
 */
 static void *vdbeSorterRowkey(
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vdbevtab.c b/sqlite/src/vdbevtab.c
index 6557d8cb..b295dff7 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vdbevtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vdbevtab.c
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ static int bytecodevtabConnect(
       "p5 INT,"
       "comment TEXT,"
       "subprog TEXT," 
+      "nexec INT,"
+      "ncycle INT,"
       "stmt HIDDEN"
     ");",
 
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ static int bytecodevtabColumn(
           }
         }
       }
-      i += 10;
+      i += 20;
     }
   }
   switch( i ){
@@ -281,16 +283,31 @@ static int bytecodevtabColumn(
       }
       break;
     }
-    case 10:  /* tables_used.type */
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+    case 9:     /* nexec */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pOp->nExec);
+      break;
+    case 10:    /* ncycle */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pOp->nCycle);
+      break;
+#else
+    case 9:     /* nexec */
+    case 10:    /* ncycle */
+      sqlite3_result_int(ctx, 0);
+      break;
+#endif
+
+    case 20:  /* tables_used.type */
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCur->zType, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
       break;
-    case 11:  /* tables_used.schema */
+    case 21:  /* tables_used.schema */
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCur->zSchema, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
       break;
-    case 12:  /* tables_used.name */
+    case 22:  /* tables_used.name */
       sqlite3_result_text(ctx, pCur->zName, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
       break;
-    case 13:  /* tables_used.wr */
+    case 23:  /* tables_used.wr */
       sqlite3_result_int(ctx, pOp->opcode==OP_OpenWrite);
       break;
   }
@@ -364,7 +381,7 @@ static int bytecodevtabBestIndex(
   int rc = SQLITE_CONSTRAINT;
   struct sqlite3_index_constraint *p;
   bytecodevtab *pVTab = (bytecodevtab*)tab;
-  int iBaseCol = pVTab->bTablesUsed ? 4 : 8;
+  int iBaseCol = pVTab->bTablesUsed ? 4 : 10;
   pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)100;
   pIdxInfo->estimatedRows = 100;
   pIdxInfo->idxNum = 0;
@@ -411,7 +428,8 @@ static sqlite3_module bytecodevtabModule = {
   /* xSavepoint  */ 0,
   /* xRelease    */ 0,
   /* xRollbackTo */ 0,
-  /* xShadowName */ 0
+  /* xShadowName */ 0,
+  /* xIntegrity  */ 0
 };
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/vtab.c b/sqlite/src/vtab.c
index ad629bb0..a9cfcb9d 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/vtab.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/vtab.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 /*
 ** Before a virtual table xCreate() or xConnect() method is invoked, the
 ** sqlite3.pVtabCtx member variable is set to point to an instance of
-** this struct allocated on the stack. It is used by the implementation of 
+** this struct allocated on the stack. It is used by the implementation of
 ** the sqlite3_declare_vtab() and sqlite3_vtab_config() APIs, both of which
 ** are invoked only from within xCreate and xConnect methods.
 */
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabModuleUnref(sqlite3 *db, Module *pMod){
 /*
 ** Lock the virtual table so that it cannot be disconnected.
 ** Locks nest.  Every lock should have a corresponding unlock.
-** If an unlock is omitted, resources leaks will occur.  
+** If an unlock is omitted, resources leaks will occur.
 **
 ** If a disconnect is attempted while a virtual table is locked,
 ** the disconnect is deferred until all locks have been removed.
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabLock(VTable *pVTab){
 
 /*
 ** pTab is a pointer to a Table structure representing a virtual-table.
-** Return a pointer to the VTable object used by connection db to access 
+** Return a pointer to the VTable object used by connection db to access
 ** this virtual-table, if one has been created, or NULL otherwise.
 */
 VTable *sqlite3GetVTable(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTab){
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabUnlock(VTable *pVTab){
 /*
 ** Table p is a virtual table. This function moves all elements in the
 ** p->u.vtab.p list to the sqlite3.pDisconnect lists of their associated
-** database connections to be disconnected at the next opportunity. 
+** database connections to be disconnected at the next opportunity.
 ** Except, if argument db is not NULL, then the entry associated with
 ** connection db is left in the p->u.vtab.p list.
 */
@@ -234,8 +234,8 @@ static VTable *vtabDisconnectAll(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
   pVTable = p->u.vtab.p;
   p->u.vtab.p = 0;
 
-  /* Assert that the mutex (if any) associated with the BtShared database 
-  ** that contains table p is held by the caller. See header comments 
+  /* Assert that the mutex (if any) associated with the BtShared database
+  ** that contains table p is held by the caller. See header comments
   ** above function sqlite3VtabUnlockList() for an explanation of why
   ** this makes it safe to access the sqlite3.pDisconnect list of any
   ** database connection that may have an entry in the p->u.vtab.p list.
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabDisconnect(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
 ** Disconnect all the virtual table objects in the sqlite3.pDisconnect list.
 **
 ** This function may only be called when the mutexes associated with all
-** shared b-tree databases opened using connection db are held by the 
+** shared b-tree databases opened using connection db are held by the
 ** caller. This is done to protect the sqlite3.pDisconnect list. The
 ** sqlite3.pDisconnect list is accessed only as follows:
 **
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabDisconnect(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
 **      or, if the virtual table is stored in a non-sharable database, then
 **      the database handle mutex is held.
 **
-** As a result, a sqlite3.pDisconnect cannot be accessed simultaneously 
+** As a result, a sqlite3.pDisconnect cannot be accessed simultaneously
 ** by multiple threads. It is thread-safe.
 */
 void sqlite3VtabUnlockList(sqlite3 *db){
@@ -330,12 +330,12 @@ void sqlite3VtabUnlockList(sqlite3 *db){
 ** record.
 **
 ** Since it is a virtual-table, the Table structure contains a pointer
-** to the head of a linked list of VTable structures. Each VTable 
+** to the head of a linked list of VTable structures. Each VTable
 ** structure is associated with a single sqlite3* user of the schema.
-** The reference count of the VTable structure associated with database 
-** connection db is decremented immediately (which may lead to the 
+** The reference count of the VTable structure associated with database
+** connection db is decremented immediately (which may lead to the
 ** structure being xDisconnected and free). Any other VTable structures
-** in the list are moved to the sqlite3.pDisconnect list of the associated 
+** in the list are moved to the sqlite3.pDisconnect list of the associated
 ** database connection.
 */
 void sqlite3VtabClear(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(
   if( pTable->u.vtab.azArg ){
     int iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTable->pSchema);
     assert( iDb>=0 ); /* The database the table is being created in */
-    sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE, pTable->zName, 
+    sqlite3AuthCheck(pParse, SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE, pTable->zName,
             pTable->u.vtab.azArg[0], pParse->db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName);
   }
 #endif
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse *pParse, Token *pEnd){
   addArgumentToVtab(pParse);
   pParse->sArg.z = 0;
   if( pTab->u.vtab.nArg<1 ) return;
-  
+
   /* If the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement is being entered for the
   ** first time (in other words if the virtual table is actually being
   ** created now instead of just being read out of sqlite_schema) then
@@ -476,12 +476,12 @@ void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse *pParse, Token *pEnd){
     }
     zStmt = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE %T", &pParse->sNameToken);
 
-    /* A slot for the record has already been allocated in the 
+    /* A slot for the record has already been allocated in the
     ** schema table.  We just need to update that slot with all
-    ** the information we've collected.  
+    ** the information we've collected.
     **
     ** The VM register number pParse->regRowid holds the rowid of an
-    ** entry in the sqlite_schema table tht was created for this vtab
+    ** entry in the sqlite_schema table that was created for this vtab
     ** by sqlite3StartTable().
     */
     iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse *pParse, Token *p){
 ** to this procedure.
 */
 static int vtabCallConstructor(
-  sqlite3 *db, 
+  sqlite3 *db,
   Table *pTab,
   Module *pMod,
   int (*xConstruct)(sqlite3*,void*,int,const char*const*,sqlite3_vtab**,char**),
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ static int vtabCallConstructor(
   /* Check that the virtual-table is not already being initialized */
   for(pCtx=db->pVtabCtx; pCtx; pCtx=pCtx->pPrior){
     if( pCtx->pTab==pTab ){
-      *pzErr = sqlite3MPrintf(db, 
+      *pzErr = sqlite3MPrintf(db,
           "vtable constructor called recursively: %s", pTab->zName
       );
       return SQLITE_LOCKED;
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ static int vtabCallConstructor(
       int iCol;
       u16 oooHidden = 0;
       /* If everything went according to plan, link the new VTable structure
-      ** into the linked list headed by pTab->u.vtab.p. Then loop through the 
+      ** into the linked list headed by pTab->u.vtab.p. Then loop through the
       ** columns of the table to see if any of them contain the token "hidden".
       ** If so, set the Column COLFLAG_HIDDEN flag and remove the token from
       ** the type string.  */
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ static int vtabCallConstructor(
 
 /*
 ** This function is invoked by the parser to call the xConnect() method
-** of the virtual table pTab. If an error occurs, an error code is returned 
+** of the virtual table pTab. If an error occurs, an error code is returned
 ** and an error left in pParse.
 **
 ** This call is a no-op if table pTab is not a virtual table.
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ static void addToVTrans(sqlite3 *db, VTable *pVTab){
 
 /*
 ** This function is invoked by the vdbe to call the xCreate method
-** of the virtual table named zTab in database iDb. 
+** of the virtual table named zTab in database iDb.
 **
 ** If an error occurs, *pzErr is set to point to an English language
 ** description of the error and an SQLITE_XXX error code is returned.
@@ -778,8 +778,8 @@ int sqlite3VtabCallCreate(sqlite3 *db, int iDb, const char *zTab, char **pzErr){
   zMod = pTab->u.vtab.azArg[0];
   pMod = (Module*)sqlite3HashFind(&db->aModule, zMod);
 
-  /* If the module has been registered and includes a Create method, 
-  ** invoke it now. If the module has not been registered, return an 
+  /* If the module has been registered and includes a Create method,
+  ** invoke it now. If the module has not been registered, return an
   ** error. Otherwise, do nothing.
   */
   if( pMod==0 || pMod->pModule->xCreate==0 || pMod->pModule->xDestroy==0 ){
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3 *db, const char *zCreateTable){
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
   pCtx = db->pVtabCtx;
   if( !pCtx || pCtx->bDeclared ){
-    sqlite3Error(db, SQLITE_MISUSE);
+    sqlite3Error(db, SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT);
     sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
     return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
   }
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3 *db, const char *zCreateTable){
   initBusy = db->init.busy;
   db->init.busy = 0;
   sParse.nQueryLoop = 1;
-  if( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3RunParser(&sParse, zCreateTable) 
+  if( SQLITE_OK==sqlite3RunParser(&sParse, zCreateTable)
    && ALWAYS(sParse.pNewTable!=0)
    && ALWAYS(!db->mallocFailed)
    && IsOrdinaryTable(sParse.pNewTable)
@@ -942,7 +942,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3 *db, int iDb, const char *zTab){
 ** called is identified by the second argument, "offset", which is
 ** the offset of the method to call in the sqlite3_module structure.
 **
-** The array is cleared after invoking the callbacks. 
+** The array is cleared after invoking the callbacks.
 */
 static void callFinaliser(sqlite3 *db, int offset){
   int i;
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabSync(sqlite3 *db, Vdbe *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Invoke the xRollback method of all virtual tables in the 
+** Invoke the xRollback method of all virtual tables in the
 ** sqlite3.aVTrans array. Then clear the array itself.
 */
 int sqlite3VtabRollback(sqlite3 *db){
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabRollback(sqlite3 *db){
 }
 
 /*
-** Invoke the xCommit method of all virtual tables in the 
+** Invoke the xCommit method of all virtual tables in the
 ** sqlite3.aVTrans array. Then clear the array itself.
 */
 int sqlite3VtabCommit(sqlite3 *db){
@@ -1022,7 +1022,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *db, VTable *pVTab){
 
   /* Special case: If db->aVTrans is NULL and db->nVTrans is greater
   ** than zero, then this function is being called from within a
-  ** virtual module xSync() callback. It is illegal to write to 
+  ** virtual module xSync() callback. It is illegal to write to
   ** virtual module tables in this case, so return SQLITE_LOCKED.
   */
   if( sqlite3VtabInSync(db) ){
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *db, VTable *pVTab){
   }
   if( !pVTab ){
     return SQLITE_OK;
-  } 
+  }
   pModule = pVTab->pVtab->pModule;
 
   if( pModule->xBegin ){
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *db, VTable *pVTab){
       }
     }
 
-    /* Invoke the xBegin method. If successful, add the vtab to the 
+    /* Invoke the xBegin method. If successful, add the vtab to the
     ** sqlite3.aVTrans[] array. */
     rc = growVTrans(db);
     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -1067,11 +1067,11 @@ int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *db, VTable *pVTab){
 ** as the second argument to the virtual table method invoked.
 **
 ** If op is SAVEPOINT_BEGIN, the xSavepoint method is invoked. If it is
-** SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, the xRollbackTo method. Otherwise, if op is 
+** SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, the xRollbackTo method. Otherwise, if op is
 ** SAVEPOINT_RELEASE, then the xRelease method of each virtual table with
 ** an open transaction is invoked.
 **
-** If any virtual table method returns an error code other than SQLITE_OK, 
+** If any virtual table method returns an error code other than SQLITE_OK,
 ** processing is abandoned and the error returned to the caller of this
 ** function immediately. If all calls to virtual table methods are successful,
 ** SQLITE_OK is returned.
@@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ int sqlite3VtabSavepoint(sqlite3 *db, int op, int iSavepoint){
 ** This routine is used to allow virtual table implementations to
 ** overload MATCH, LIKE, GLOB, and REGEXP operators.
 **
-** Return either the pDef argument (indicating no change) or a 
+** Return either the pDef argument (indicating no change) or a
 ** new FuncDef structure that is marked as ephemeral using the
 ** SQLITE_FUNC_EPHEM flag.
 */
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(
   assert( pVtab->pModule!=0 );
   pMod = (sqlite3_module *)pVtab->pModule;
   if( pMod->xFindFunction==0 ) return pDef;
- 
+
   /* Call the xFindFunction method on the virtual table implementation
   ** to see if the implementation wants to overload this function.
   **
@@ -1219,13 +1219,13 @@ void sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab){
 /*
 ** Check to see if virtual table module pMod can be have an eponymous
 ** virtual table instance.  If it can, create one if one does not already
-** exist. Return non-zero if either the eponymous virtual table instance 
+** exist. Return non-zero if either the eponymous virtual table instance
 ** exists when this routine returns or if an attempt to create it failed
 ** and an error message was left in pParse.
 **
 ** An eponymous virtual table instance is one that is named after its
 ** module, and more importantly, does not require a CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE
-** statement in order to come into existance.  Eponymous virtual table
+** statement in order to come into existence.  Eponymous virtual table
 ** instances always exist.  They cannot be DROP-ed.
 **
 ** Any virtual table module for which xConnect and xCreate are the same
@@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@ void sqlite3VtabEponymousTableClear(sqlite3 *db, Module *pMod){
   Table *pTab = pMod->pEpoTab;
   if( pTab!=0 ){
     /* Mark the table as Ephemeral prior to deleting it, so that the
-    ** sqlite3DeleteTable() routine will know that it is not stored in 
+    ** sqlite3DeleteTable() routine will know that it is not stored in
     ** the schema. */
     pTab->tabFlags |= TF_Ephemeral;
     sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pTab);
@@ -1289,8 +1289,8 @@ void sqlite3VtabEponymousTableClear(sqlite3 *db, Module *pMod){
 ** within an xUpdate method.
 */
 int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *db){
-  static const unsigned char aMap[] = { 
-    SQLITE_ROLLBACK, SQLITE_ABORT, SQLITE_FAIL, SQLITE_IGNORE, SQLITE_REPLACE 
+  static const unsigned char aMap[] = {
+    SQLITE_ROLLBACK, SQLITE_ABORT, SQLITE_FAIL, SQLITE_IGNORE, SQLITE_REPLACE
   };
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
   if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) ) return SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
@@ -1302,7 +1302,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *db){
 }
 
 /*
-** Call from within the xCreate() or xConnect() methods to provide 
+** Call from within the xCreate() or xConnect() methods to provide
 ** the SQLite core with additional information about the behavior
 ** of the virtual table being implemented.
 */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/wal.c b/sqlite/src/wal.c
index 46d284c1..d63c13ff 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/wal.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/wal.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 **
 *************************************************************************
 **
-** This file contains the implementation of a write-ahead log (WAL) used in 
+** This file contains the implementation of a write-ahead log (WAL) used in
 ** "journal_mode=WAL" mode.
 **
 ** WRITE-AHEAD LOG (WAL) FILE FORMAT
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 ** Each frame records the revised content of a single page from the
 ** database file.  All changes to the database are recorded by writing
 ** frames into the WAL.  Transactions commit when a frame is written that
-** contains a commit marker.  A single WAL can and usually does record 
+** contains a commit marker.  A single WAL can and usually does record
 ** multiple transactions.  Periodically, the content of the WAL is
 ** transferred back into the database file in an operation called a
 ** "checkpoint".
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@
 **
 ** Immediately following the wal-header are zero or more frames. Each
 ** frame consists of a 24-byte frame-header followed by a <page-size> bytes
-** of page data. The frame-header is six big-endian 32-bit unsigned 
+** of page data. The frame-header is six big-endian 32-bit unsigned
 ** integer values, as follows:
 **
 **     0: Page number.
-**     4: For commit records, the size of the database image in pages 
+**     4: For commit records, the size of the database image in pages
 **        after the commit. For all other records, zero.
 **     8: Salt-1 (copied from the header)
 **    12: Salt-2 (copied from the header)
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 ** the checksum.  The checksum is computed by interpreting the input as
 ** an even number of unsigned 32-bit integers: x[0] through x[N].  The
 ** algorithm used for the checksum is as follows:
-** 
+**
 **   for i from 0 to n-1 step 2:
 **     s0 += x[i] + s1;
 **     s1 += x[i+1] + s0;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 **
 ** Note that s0 and s1 are both weighted checksums using fibonacci weights
 ** in reverse order (the largest fibonacci weight occurs on the first element
-** of the sequence being summed.)  The s1 value spans all 32-bit 
+** of the sequence being summed.)  The s1 value spans all 32-bit
 ** terms of the sequence whereas s0 omits the final term.
 **
 ** On a checkpoint, the WAL is first VFS.xSync-ed, then valid content of the
@@ -116,19 +116,19 @@
 ** multiple concurrent readers to view different versions of the database
 ** content simultaneously.
 **
-** The reader algorithm in the previous paragraphs works correctly, but 
+** The reader algorithm in the previous paragraphs works correctly, but
 ** because frames for page P can appear anywhere within the WAL, the
 ** reader has to scan the entire WAL looking for page P frames.  If the
 ** WAL is large (multiple megabytes is typical) that scan can be slow,
 ** and read performance suffers.  To overcome this problem, a separate
 ** data structure called the wal-index is maintained to expedite the
 ** search for frames of a particular page.
-** 
+**
 ** WAL-INDEX FORMAT
 **
 ** Conceptually, the wal-index is shared memory, though VFS implementations
 ** might choose to implement the wal-index using a mmapped file.  Because
-** the wal-index is shared memory, SQLite does not support journal_mode=WAL 
+** the wal-index is shared memory, SQLite does not support journal_mode=WAL
 ** on a network filesystem.  All users of the database must be able to
 ** share memory.
 **
@@ -146,19 +146,19 @@
 ** byte order of the host computer.
 **
 ** The purpose of the wal-index is to answer this question quickly:  Given
-** a page number P and a maximum frame index M, return the index of the 
+** a page number P and a maximum frame index M, return the index of the
 ** last frame in the wal before frame M for page P in the WAL, or return
 ** NULL if there are no frames for page P in the WAL prior to M.
 **
 ** The wal-index consists of a header region, followed by an one or
-** more index blocks.  
+** more index blocks.
 **
 ** The wal-index header contains the total number of frames within the WAL
 ** in the mxFrame field.
 **
-** Each index block except for the first contains information on 
+** Each index block except for the first contains information on
 ** HASHTABLE_NPAGE frames. The first index block contains information on
-** HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE frames. The values of HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE and 
+** HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE frames. The values of HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE and
 ** HASHTABLE_NPAGE are selected so that together the wal-index header and
 ** first index block are the same size as all other index blocks in the
 ** wal-index.  The values are:
@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@
 **   HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE  4062
 **
 ** Each index block contains two sections, a page-mapping that contains the
-** database page number associated with each wal frame, and a hash-table 
+** database page number associated with each wal frame, and a hash-table
 ** that allows readers to query an index block for a specific page number.
 ** The page-mapping is an array of HASHTABLE_NPAGE (or HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE
-** for the first index block) 32-bit page numbers. The first entry in the 
+** for the first index block) 32-bit page numbers. The first entry in the
 ** first index-block contains the database page number corresponding to the
 ** first frame in the WAL file. The first entry in the second index block
 ** in the WAL file corresponds to the (HASHTABLE_NPAGE_ONE+1)th frame in
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@
 **
 ** The hash table consists of HASHTABLE_NSLOT 16-bit unsigned integers.
 ** HASHTABLE_NSLOT = 2*HASHTABLE_NPAGE, and there is one entry in the
-** hash table for each page number in the mapping section, so the hash 
-** table is never more than half full.  The expected number of collisions 
+** hash table for each page number in the mapping section, so the hash
+** table is never more than half full.  The expected number of collisions
 ** prior to finding a match is 1.  Each entry of the hash table is an
 ** 1-based index of an entry in the mapping section of the same
 ** index block.   Let K be the 1-based index of the largest entry in
@@ -211,12 +211,12 @@
 ** reached) until an unused hash slot is found. Let the first unused slot
 ** be at index iUnused.  (iUnused might be less than iKey if there was
 ** wrap-around.) Because the hash table is never more than half full,
-** the search is guaranteed to eventually hit an unused entry.  Let 
+** the search is guaranteed to eventually hit an unused entry.  Let
 ** iMax be the value between iKey and iUnused, closest to iUnused,
 ** where aHash[iMax]==P.  If there is no iMax entry (if there exists
 ** no hash slot such that aHash[i]==p) then page P is not in the
 ** current index block.  Otherwise the iMax-th mapping entry of the
-** current index block corresponds to the last entry that references 
+** current index block corresponds to the last entry that references
 ** page P.
 **
 ** A hash search begins with the last index block and moves toward the
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@
 ** if no values greater than K0 had ever been inserted into the hash table
 ** in the first place - which is what reader one wants.  Meanwhile, the
 ** second reader using K1 will see additional values that were inserted
-** later, which is exactly what reader two wants.  
+** later, which is exactly what reader two wants.
 **
 ** When a rollback occurs, the value of K is decreased. Hash table entries
 ** that correspond to frames greater than the new K value are removed
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ int sqlite3WalTrace = 0;
 ** values in the wal-header are correct and (b) the version field is not
 ** WAL_MAX_VERSION, recovery fails and SQLite returns SQLITE_CANTOPEN.
 **
-** Similarly, if a client successfully reads a wal-index header (i.e. the 
+** Similarly, if a client successfully reads a wal-index header (i.e. the
 ** checksum test is successful) and finds that the version field is not
 ** WALINDEX_MAX_VERSION, then no read-transaction is opened and SQLite
 ** returns SQLITE_CANTOPEN.
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ int sqlite3WalTrace = 0;
 **
 ** Technically, the various VFSes are free to implement these locks however
 ** they see fit.  However, compatibility is encouraged so that VFSes can
-** interoperate.  The standard implemention used on both unix and windows
+** interoperate.  The standard implementation used on both unix and windows
 ** is for the index number to indicate a byte offset into the
 ** WalCkptInfo.aLock[] array in the wal-index header.  In other words, all
 ** locks are on the shm file.  The WALINDEX_LOCK_OFFSET constant (which
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ typedef struct WalCkptInfo WalCkptInfo;
 **
 ** The szPage value can be any power of 2 between 512 and 32768, inclusive.
 ** Or it can be 1 to represent a 65536-byte page.  The latter case was
-** added in 3.7.1 when support for 64K pages was added.  
+** added in 3.7.1 when support for 64K pages was added.
 */
 struct WalIndexHdr {
   u32 iVersion;                   /* Wal-index version */
@@ -358,9 +358,9 @@ struct WalIndexHdr {
 ** There is one entry in aReadMark[] for each reader lock.  If a reader
 ** holds read-lock K, then the value in aReadMark[K] is no greater than
 ** the mxFrame for that reader.  The value READMARK_NOT_USED (0xffffffff)
-** for any aReadMark[] means that entry is unused.  aReadMark[0] is 
+** for any aReadMark[] means that entry is unused.  aReadMark[0] is
 ** a special case; its value is never used and it exists as a place-holder
-** to avoid having to offset aReadMark[] indexs by one.  Readers holding
+** to avoid having to offset aReadMark[] indexes by one.  Readers holding
 ** WAL_READ_LOCK(0) always ignore the entire WAL and read all content
 ** directly from the database.
 **
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ struct WalIndexHdr {
 ** previous sentence is when nBackfill equals mxFrame (meaning that everything
 ** in the WAL has been backfilled into the database) then new readers
 ** will choose aReadMark[0] which has value 0 and hence such reader will
-** get all their all content directly from the database file and ignore 
+** get all their all content directly from the database file and ignore
 ** the WAL.
 **
 ** Writers normally append new frames to the end of the WAL.  However,
@@ -484,14 +484,14 @@ struct WalCkptInfo {
 ** big-endian format in the first 4 bytes of a WAL file.
 **
 ** If the LSB is set, then the checksums for each frame within the WAL
-** file are calculated by treating all data as an array of 32-bit 
-** big-endian words. Otherwise, they are calculated by interpreting 
+** file are calculated by treating all data as an array of 32-bit
+** big-endian words. Otherwise, they are calculated by interpreting
 ** all data as 32-bit little-endian words.
 */
 #define WAL_MAGIC 0x377f0682
 
 /*
-** Return the offset of frame iFrame in the write-ahead log file, 
+** Return the offset of frame iFrame in the write-ahead log file,
 ** assuming a database page size of szPage bytes. The offset returned
 ** is to the start of the write-ahead log frame-header.
 */
@@ -528,7 +528,15 @@ struct Wal {
   u32 iReCksum;              /* On commit, recalculate checksums from here */
   const char *zWalName;      /* Name of WAL file */
   u32 nCkpt;                 /* Checkpoint sequence counter in the wal-header */
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+  u32 lockMask;              /* Mask of locks held */
+  void *pFree;               /* Pointer to sqlite3_free() if exception thrown */
+  u32 *pWiValue;             /* Value to write into apWiData[iWiPg] */
+  int iWiPg;                 /* Write pWiValue into apWiData[iWiPg] */
+  int iSysErrno;             /* System error code following exception */
+#endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  int nSehTry;               /* Number of nested SEH_TRY{} blocks */
   u8 lockError;              /* True if a locking error has occurred */
 #endif
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
@@ -543,7 +551,7 @@ struct Wal {
 ** Candidate values for Wal.exclusiveMode.
 */
 #define WAL_NORMAL_MODE     0
-#define WAL_EXCLUSIVE_MODE  1     
+#define WAL_EXCLUSIVE_MODE  1
 #define WAL_HEAPMEMORY_MODE 2
 
 /*
@@ -562,7 +570,7 @@ typedef u16 ht_slot;
 /*
 ** This structure is used to implement an iterator that loops through
 ** all frames in the WAL in database page order. Where two or more frames
-** correspond to the same database page, the iterator visits only the 
+** correspond to the same database page, the iterator visits only the
 ** frame most recently written to the WAL (in other words, the frame with
 ** the largest index).
 **
@@ -598,7 +606,7 @@ struct WalIterator {
 #define HASHTABLE_HASH_1     383                  /* Should be prime */
 #define HASHTABLE_NSLOT      (HASHTABLE_NPAGE*2)  /* Must be a power of 2 */
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** The block of page numbers associated with the first hash-table in a
 ** wal-index is smaller than usual. This is so that there is a complete
 ** hash-table on each aligned 32KB page of the wal-index.
@@ -610,6 +618,113 @@ struct WalIterator {
     sizeof(ht_slot)*HASHTABLE_NSLOT + HASHTABLE_NPAGE*sizeof(u32) \
 )
 
+/*
+** Structured Exception Handling (SEH) is a Windows-specific technique
+** for catching exceptions raised while accessing memory-mapped files.
+**
+** The -DSQLITE_USE_SEH compile-time option means to use SEH to catch and
+** deal with system-level errors that arise during WAL -shm file processing.
+** Without this compile-time option, any system-level faults that appear
+** while accessing the memory-mapped -shm file will cause a process-wide
+** signal to be deliver, which will more than likely cause the entire
+** process to exit.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+#include <Windows.h>
+
+/* Beginning of a block of code in which an exception might occur */
+# define SEH_TRY    __try { \
+   assert( walAssertLockmask(pWal) && pWal->nSehTry==0 ); \
+   VVA_ONLY(pWal->nSehTry++);
+
+/* The end of a block of code in which an exception might occur */
+# define SEH_EXCEPT(X) \
+   VVA_ONLY(pWal->nSehTry--); \
+   assert( pWal->nSehTry==0 ); \
+   } __except( sehExceptionFilter(pWal, GetExceptionCode(), GetExceptionInformation() ) ){ X }
+
+/* Simulate a memory-mapping fault in the -shm file for testing purposes */
+# define SEH_INJECT_FAULT sehInjectFault(pWal) 
+
+/*
+** The second argument is the return value of GetExceptionCode() for the 
+** current exception. Return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER if the exception code
+** indicates that the exception may have been caused by accessing the *-shm 
+** file mapping. Or EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH otherwise.
+*/
+static int sehExceptionFilter(Wal *pWal, int eCode, EXCEPTION_POINTERS *p){
+  VVA_ONLY(pWal->nSehTry--);
+  if( eCode==EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR ){
+    if( p && p->ExceptionRecord && p->ExceptionRecord->NumberParameters>=3 ){
+      /* From MSDN: For this type of exception, the first element of the
+      ** ExceptionInformation[] array is a read-write flag - 0 if the exception
+      ** was thrown while reading, 1 if while writing. The second element is
+      ** the virtual address being accessed. The "third array element specifies
+      ** the underlying NTSTATUS code that resulted in the exception". */
+      pWal->iSysErrno = (int)p->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[2];
+    }
+    return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
+  }
+  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+
+/*
+** If one is configured, invoke the xTestCallback callback with 650 as
+** the argument. If it returns true, throw the same exception that is
+** thrown by the system if the *-shm file mapping is accessed after it
+** has been invalidated.
+*/
+static void sehInjectFault(Wal *pWal){
+  int res;
+  assert( pWal->nSehTry>0 );
+
+  res = sqlite3FaultSim(650);
+  if( res!=0 ){
+    ULONG_PTR aArg[3];
+    aArg[0] = 0;
+    aArg[1] = 0;
+    aArg[2] = (ULONG_PTR)res;
+    RaiseException(EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR, 0, 3, (const ULONG_PTR*)aArg);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** There are two ways to use this macro. To set a pointer to be freed
+** if an exception is thrown:
+**
+**   SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(0, pPtr);
+**
+** and to cancel the same:
+**
+**   SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(pPtr, 0);
+**
+** In the first case, there must not already be a pointer registered to
+** be freed. In the second case, pPtr must be the registered pointer.
+*/
+#define SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(X,Y) \
+  assert( (X==0 || Y==0) && pWal->pFree==X ); pWal->pFree = Y
+
+/*
+** There are two ways to use this macro. To arrange for pWal->apWiData[iPg]
+** to be set to pValue if an exception is thrown:
+**
+**   SEH_SET_ON_ERROR(iPg, pValue);
+**
+** and to cancel the same:
+**
+**   SEH_SET_ON_ERROR(0, 0);
+*/
+#define SEH_SET_ON_ERROR(X,Y)  pWal->iWiPg = X; pWal->pWiValue = Y
+
+#else
+# define SEH_TRY          VVA_ONLY(pWal->nSehTry++);
+# define SEH_EXCEPT(X)    VVA_ONLY(pWal->nSehTry--); assert( pWal->nSehTry==0 );
+# define SEH_INJECT_FAULT assert( pWal->nSehTry>0 );
+# define SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(X,Y)
+# define SEH_SET_ON_ERROR(X,Y)
+#endif /* ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH */
+
+
 /*
 ** Obtain a pointer to the iPage'th page of the wal-index. The wal-index
 ** is broken into pages of WALINDEX_PGSZ bytes. Wal-index pages are
@@ -624,7 +739,7 @@ struct WalIterator {
 **
 **   (1)  rc==SQLITE_OK    and *ppPage==Requested-Wal-Index-Page
 **   (2)  rc>=SQLITE_ERROR and *ppPage==NULL
-**   (3)  rc==SQLITE_OK    and *ppPage==NULL  // only if iPage==0 
+**   (3)  rc==SQLITE_OK    and *ppPage==NULL  // only if iPage==0
 **
 ** Scenario (3) can only occur when pWal->writeLock is false and iPage==0
 */
@@ -656,7 +771,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int walIndexPageRealloc(
     pWal->apWiData[iPage] = (u32 volatile *)sqlite3MallocZero(WALINDEX_PGSZ);
     if( !pWal->apWiData[iPage] ) rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
   }else{
-    rc = sqlite3OsShmMap(pWal->pDbFd, iPage, WALINDEX_PGSZ, 
+    rc = sqlite3OsShmMap(pWal->pDbFd, iPage, WALINDEX_PGSZ,
         pWal->writeLock, (void volatile **)&pWal->apWiData[iPage]
     );
     assert( pWal->apWiData[iPage]!=0
@@ -682,6 +797,7 @@ static int walIndexPage(
   int iPage,               /* The page we seek */
   volatile u32 **ppPage    /* Write the page pointer here */
 ){
+  SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
   if( pWal->nWiData<=iPage || (*ppPage = pWal->apWiData[iPage])==0 ){
     return walIndexPageRealloc(pWal, iPage, ppPage);
   }
@@ -693,6 +809,7 @@ static int walIndexPage(
 */
 static volatile WalCkptInfo *walCkptInfo(Wal *pWal){
   assert( pWal->nWiData>0 && pWal->apWiData[0] );
+  SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
   return (volatile WalCkptInfo*)&(pWal->apWiData[0][sizeof(WalIndexHdr)/2]);
 }
 
@@ -701,6 +818,7 @@ static volatile WalCkptInfo *walCkptInfo(Wal *pWal){
 */
 static volatile WalIndexHdr *walIndexHdr(Wal *pWal){
   assert( pWal->nWiData>0 && pWal->apWiData[0] );
+  SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
   return (volatile WalIndexHdr*)pWal->apWiData[0];
 }
 
@@ -717,7 +835,7 @@ static volatile WalIndexHdr *walIndexHdr(Wal *pWal){
 )
 
 /*
-** Generate or extend an 8 byte checksum based on the data in 
+** Generate or extend an 8 byte checksum based on the data in
 ** array aByte[] and the initial values of aIn[0] and aIn[1] (or
 ** initial values of 0 and 0 if aIn==NULL).
 **
@@ -829,11 +947,11 @@ static SQLITE_NO_TSAN void walIndexWriteHdr(Wal *pWal){
 
 /*
 ** This function encodes a single frame header and writes it to a buffer
-** supplied by the caller. A frame-header is made up of a series of 
+** supplied by the caller. A frame-header is made up of a series of
 ** 4-byte big-endian integers, as follows:
 **
 **     0: Page number.
-**     4: For commit records, the size of the database image in pages 
+**     4: For commit records, the size of the database image in pages
 **        after the commit. For all other records, zero.
 **     8: Salt-1 (copied from the wal-header)
 **    12: Salt-2 (copied from the wal-header)
@@ -884,13 +1002,13 @@ static int walDecodeFrame(
   assert( WAL_FRAME_HDRSIZE==24 );
 
   /* A frame is only valid if the salt values in the frame-header
-  ** match the salt values in the wal-header. 
+  ** match the salt values in the wal-header.
   */
   if( memcmp(&pWal->hdr.aSalt, &aFrame[8], 8)!=0 ){
     return 0;
   }
 
-  /* A frame is only valid if the page number is creater than zero.
+  /* A frame is only valid if the page number is greater than zero.
   */
   pgno = sqlite3Get4byte(&aFrame[0]);
   if( pgno==0 ){
@@ -898,15 +1016,15 @@ static int walDecodeFrame(
   }
 
   /* A frame is only valid if a checksum of the WAL header,
-  ** all prior frams, the first 16 bytes of this frame-header, 
-  ** and the frame-data matches the checksum in the last 8 
+  ** all prior frames, the first 16 bytes of this frame-header,
+  ** and the frame-data matches the checksum in the last 8
   ** bytes of this frame-header.
   */
   nativeCksum = (pWal->hdr.bigEndCksum==SQLITE_BIGENDIAN);
   walChecksumBytes(nativeCksum, aFrame, 8, aCksum, aCksum);
   walChecksumBytes(nativeCksum, aData, pWal->szPage, aCksum, aCksum);
-  if( aCksum[0]!=sqlite3Get4byte(&aFrame[16]) 
-   || aCksum[1]!=sqlite3Get4byte(&aFrame[20]) 
+  if( aCksum[0]!=sqlite3Get4byte(&aFrame[16])
+   || aCksum[1]!=sqlite3Get4byte(&aFrame[20])
   ){
     /* Checksum failed. */
     return 0;
@@ -941,7 +1059,7 @@ static const char *walLockName(int lockIdx){
   }
 }
 #endif /*defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) */
-    
+
 
 /*
 ** Set or release locks on the WAL.  Locks are either shared or exclusive.
@@ -958,12 +1076,18 @@ static int walLockShared(Wal *pWal, int lockIdx){
   WALTRACE(("WAL%p: acquire SHARED-%s %s\n", pWal,
             walLockName(lockIdx), rc ? "failed" : "ok"));
   VVA_ONLY( pWal->lockError = (u8)(rc!=SQLITE_OK && (rc&0xFF)!=SQLITE_BUSY); )
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) pWal->lockMask |= (1 << lockIdx);
+#endif
   return rc;
 }
 static void walUnlockShared(Wal *pWal, int lockIdx){
   if( pWal->exclusiveMode ) return;
   (void)sqlite3OsShmLock(pWal->pDbFd, lockIdx, 1,
                          SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED);
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+  pWal->lockMask &= ~(1 << lockIdx);
+#endif
   WALTRACE(("WAL%p: release SHARED-%s\n", pWal, walLockName(lockIdx)));
 }
 static int walLockExclusive(Wal *pWal, int lockIdx, int n){
@@ -974,12 +1098,20 @@ static int walLockExclusive(Wal *pWal, int lockIdx, int n){
   WALTRACE(("WAL%p: acquire EXCLUSIVE-%s cnt=%d %s\n", pWal,
             walLockName(lockIdx), n, rc ? "failed" : "ok"));
   VVA_ONLY( pWal->lockError = (u8)(rc!=SQLITE_OK && (rc&0xFF)!=SQLITE_BUSY); )
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    pWal->lockMask |= (((1<<n)-1) << (SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK+lockIdx));
+  }
+#endif
   return rc;
 }
 static void walUnlockExclusive(Wal *pWal, int lockIdx, int n){
   if( pWal->exclusiveMode ) return;
   (void)sqlite3OsShmLock(pWal->pDbFd, lockIdx, n,
                          SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE);
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+  pWal->lockMask &= ~(((1<<n)-1) << (SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK+lockIdx));
+#endif
   WALTRACE(("WAL%p: release EXCLUSIVE-%s cnt=%d\n", pWal,
              walLockName(lockIdx), n));
 }
@@ -1010,15 +1142,15 @@ struct WalHashLoc {
   u32 iZero;                /* One less than the frame number of first indexed*/
 };
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Return pointers to the hash table and page number array stored on
 ** page iHash of the wal-index. The wal-index is broken into 32KB pages
 ** numbered starting from 0.
 **
 ** Set output variable pLoc->aHash to point to the start of the hash table
-** in the wal-index file. Set pLoc->iZero to one less than the frame 
+** in the wal-index file. Set pLoc->iZero to one less than the frame
 ** number of the first frame indexed by this hash table. If a
-** slot in the hash table is set to N, it refers to frame number 
+** slot in the hash table is set to N, it refers to frame number
 ** (pLoc->iZero+N) in the log.
 **
 ** Finally, set pLoc->aPgno so that pLoc->aPgno[0] is the page number of the
@@ -1051,7 +1183,7 @@ static int walHashGet(
 /*
 ** Return the number of the wal-index page that contains the hash-table
 ** and page-number array that contain entries corresponding to WAL frame
-** iFrame. The wal-index is broken up into 32KB pages. Wal-index pages 
+** iFrame. The wal-index is broken up into 32KB pages. Wal-index pages
 ** are numbered starting from 0.
 */
 static int walFramePage(u32 iFrame){
@@ -1071,6 +1203,7 @@ static int walFramePage(u32 iFrame){
 */
 static u32 walFramePgno(Wal *pWal, u32 iFrame){
   int iHash = walFramePage(iFrame);
+  SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
   if( iHash==0 ){
     return pWal->apWiData[0][WALINDEX_HDR_SIZE/sizeof(u32) + iFrame - 1];
   }
@@ -1102,7 +1235,7 @@ static void walCleanupHash(Wal *pWal){
 
   if( pWal->hdr.mxFrame==0 ) return;
 
-  /* Obtain pointers to the hash-table and page-number array containing 
+  /* Obtain pointers to the hash-table and page-number array containing
   ** the entry that corresponds to frame pWal->hdr.mxFrame. It is guaranteed
   ** that the page said hash-table and array reside on is already mapped.(1)
   */
@@ -1121,9 +1254,9 @@ static void walCleanupHash(Wal *pWal){
       sLoc.aHash[i] = 0;
     }
   }
-  
+
   /* Zero the entries in the aPgno array that correspond to frames with
-  ** frame numbers greater than pWal->hdr.mxFrame. 
+  ** frame numbers greater than pWal->hdr.mxFrame.
   */
   nByte = (int)((char *)sLoc.aHash - (char *)&sLoc.aPgno[iLimit]);
   assert( nByte>=0 );
@@ -1167,9 +1300,9 @@ static int walIndexAppend(Wal *pWal, u32 iFrame, u32 iPage){
 
     idx = iFrame - sLoc.iZero;
     assert( idx <= HASHTABLE_NSLOT/2 + 1 );
-    
+
     /* If this is the first entry to be added to this hash-table, zero the
-    ** entire hash table and aPgno[] array before proceeding. 
+    ** entire hash table and aPgno[] array before proceeding.
     */
     if( idx==1 ){
       int nByte = (int)((u8*)&sLoc.aHash[HASHTABLE_NSLOT] - (u8*)sLoc.aPgno);
@@ -1179,8 +1312,8 @@ static int walIndexAppend(Wal *pWal, u32 iFrame, u32 iPage){
 
     /* If the entry in aPgno[] is already set, then the previous writer
     ** must have exited unexpectedly in the middle of a transaction (after
-    ** writing one or more dirty pages to the WAL to free up memory). 
-    ** Remove the remnants of that writers uncommitted transaction from 
+    ** writing one or more dirty pages to the WAL to free up memory).
+    ** Remove the remnants of that writers uncommitted transaction from
     ** the hash-table before writing any new entries.
     */
     if( sLoc.aPgno[idx-1] ){
@@ -1231,7 +1364,7 @@ static int walIndexAppend(Wal *pWal, u32 iFrame, u32 iPage){
 
 
 /*
-** Recover the wal-index by reading the write-ahead log file. 
+** Recover the wal-index by reading the write-ahead log file.
 **
 ** This routine first tries to establish an exclusive lock on the
 ** wal-index to prevent other threads/processes from doing anything
@@ -1291,16 +1424,16 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
     }
 
     /* If the database page size is not a power of two, or is greater than
-    ** SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE, conclude that the WAL file contains no valid 
+    ** SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE, conclude that the WAL file contains no valid
     ** data. Similarly, if the 'magic' value is invalid, ignore the whole
     ** WAL file.
     */
     magic = sqlite3Get4byte(&aBuf[0]);
     szPage = sqlite3Get4byte(&aBuf[8]);
-    if( (magic&0xFFFFFFFE)!=WAL_MAGIC 
-     || szPage&(szPage-1) 
-     || szPage>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE 
-     || szPage<512 
+    if( (magic&0xFFFFFFFE)!=WAL_MAGIC
+     || szPage&(szPage-1)
+     || szPage>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+     || szPage<512
     ){
       goto finished;
     }
@@ -1310,7 +1443,7 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
     memcpy(&pWal->hdr.aSalt, &aBuf[16], 8);
 
     /* Verify that the WAL header checksum is correct */
-    walChecksumBytes(pWal->hdr.bigEndCksum==SQLITE_BIGENDIAN, 
+    walChecksumBytes(pWal->hdr.bigEndCksum==SQLITE_BIGENDIAN,
         aBuf, WAL_HDRSIZE-2*4, 0, pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum
     );
     if( pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[0]!=sqlite3Get4byte(&aBuf[24])
@@ -1330,6 +1463,7 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
     /* Malloc a buffer to read frames into. */
     szFrame = szPage + WAL_FRAME_HDRSIZE;
     aFrame = (u8 *)sqlite3_malloc64(szFrame + WALINDEX_PGSZ);
+    SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(0, aFrame);
     if( !aFrame ){
       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
       goto recovery_error;
@@ -1348,8 +1482,9 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
       rc = walIndexPage(pWal, iPg, (volatile u32**)&aShare);
       assert( aShare!=0 || rc!=SQLITE_OK );
       if( aShare==0 ) break;
+      SEH_SET_ON_ERROR(iPg, aShare);
       pWal->apWiData[iPg] = aPrivate;
-      
+
       for(iFrame=iFirst; iFrame<=iLast; iFrame++){
         i64 iOffset = walFrameOffset(iFrame, szPage);
         u32 pgno;                 /* Database page number for frame */
@@ -1375,6 +1510,7 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
         }
       }
       pWal->apWiData[iPg] = aShare;
+      SEH_SET_ON_ERROR(0,0);
       nHdr = (iPg==0 ? WALINDEX_HDR_SIZE : 0);
       nHdr32 = nHdr / sizeof(u32);
 #ifndef SQLITE_SAFER_WALINDEX_RECOVERY
@@ -1405,9 +1541,11 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
         }
       }
 #endif
+      SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
       if( iFrame<=iLast ) break;
     }
 
+    SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(aFrame, 0);
     sqlite3_free(aFrame);
   }
 
@@ -1419,8 +1557,8 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
     pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[1] = aFrameCksum[1];
     walIndexWriteHdr(pWal);
 
-    /* Reset the checkpoint-header. This is safe because this thread is 
-    ** currently holding locks that exclude all other writers and 
+    /* Reset the checkpoint-header. This is safe because this thread is
+    ** currently holding locks that exclude all other writers and
     ** checkpointers. Then set the values of read-mark slots 1 through N.
     */
     pInfo = walCkptInfo(pWal);
@@ -1435,6 +1573,7 @@ static int walIndexRecover(Wal *pWal){
         }else{
           pInfo->aReadMark[i] = READMARK_NOT_USED;
         }
+        SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
         walUnlockExclusive(pWal, WAL_READ_LOCK(i), 1);
       }else if( rc!=SQLITE_BUSY ){
         goto recovery_error;
@@ -1476,8 +1615,8 @@ static void walIndexClose(Wal *pWal, int isDelete){
   }
 }
 
-/* 
-** Open a connection to the WAL file zWalName. The database file must 
+/*
+** Open a connection to the WAL file zWalName. The database file must
 ** already be opened on connection pDbFd. The buffer that zWalName points
 ** to must remain valid for the lifetime of the returned Wal* handle.
 **
@@ -1487,7 +1626,7 @@ static void walIndexClose(Wal *pWal, int isDelete){
 ** were to do this just after this client opened one of these files, the
 ** system would be badly broken.
 **
-** If the log file is successfully opened, SQLITE_OK is returned and 
+** If the log file is successfully opened, SQLITE_OK is returned and
 ** *ppWal is set to point to a new WAL handle. If an error occurs,
 ** an SQLite error code is returned and *ppWal is left unmodified.
 */
@@ -1592,7 +1731,7 @@ int sqlite3WalOpen(
 }
 
 /*
-** Change the size to which the WAL file is trucated on each reset.
+** Change the size to which the WAL file is truncated on each reset.
 */
 void sqlite3WalLimit(Wal *pWal, i64 iLimit){
   if( pWal ) pWal->mxWalSize = iLimit;
@@ -1680,7 +1819,7 @@ static void walMerge(
     ht_slot logpage;
     Pgno dbpage;
 
-    if( (iLeft<nLeft) 
+    if( (iLeft<nLeft)
      && (iRight>=nRight || aContent[aLeft[iLeft]]<aContent[aRight[iRight]])
     ){
       logpage = aLeft[iLeft++];
@@ -1778,7 +1917,7 @@ static void walMergesort(
 #endif
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Free an iterator allocated by walIteratorInit().
 */
 static void walIteratorFree(WalIterator *p){
@@ -1786,7 +1925,7 @@ static void walIteratorFree(WalIterator *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Construct a WalInterator object that can be used to loop over all 
+** Construct a WalInterator object that can be used to loop over all
 ** pages in the WAL following frame nBackfill in ascending order. Frames
 ** nBackfill or earlier may be included - excluding them is an optimization
 ** only. The caller must hold the checkpoint lock.
@@ -1815,26 +1954,19 @@ static int walIteratorInit(Wal *pWal, u32 nBackfill, WalIterator **pp){
 
   /* Allocate space for the WalIterator object. */
   nSegment = walFramePage(iLast) + 1;
-  nByte = sizeof(WalIterator) 
+  nByte = sizeof(WalIterator)
         + (nSegment-1)*sizeof(struct WalSegment)
         + iLast*sizeof(ht_slot);
-  p = (WalIterator *)sqlite3_malloc64(nByte);
+  p = (WalIterator *)sqlite3_malloc64(nByte
+      + sizeof(ht_slot) * (iLast>HASHTABLE_NPAGE?HASHTABLE_NPAGE:iLast)
+  );
   if( !p ){
     return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
   }
   memset(p, 0, nByte);
   p->nSegment = nSegment;
-
-  /* Allocate temporary space used by the merge-sort routine. This block
-  ** of memory will be freed before this function returns.
-  */
-  aTmp = (ht_slot *)sqlite3_malloc64(
-      sizeof(ht_slot) * (iLast>HASHTABLE_NPAGE?HASHTABLE_NPAGE:iLast)
-  );
-  if( !aTmp ){
-    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
-  }
-
+  aTmp = (ht_slot*)&(((u8*)p)[nByte]);
+  SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(0, p);
   for(i=walFramePage(nBackfill+1); rc==SQLITE_OK && i<nSegment; i++){
     WalHashLoc sLoc;
 
@@ -1851,7 +1983,7 @@ static int walIteratorInit(Wal *pWal, u32 nBackfill, WalIterator **pp){
       }
       aIndex = &((ht_slot *)&p->aSegment[p->nSegment])[sLoc.iZero];
       sLoc.iZero++;
-  
+
       for(j=0; j<nEntry; j++){
         aIndex[j] = (ht_slot)j;
       }
@@ -1862,9 +1994,8 @@ static int walIteratorInit(Wal *pWal, u32 nBackfill, WalIterator **pp){
       p->aSegment[i].aPgno = (u32 *)sLoc.aPgno;
     }
   }
-  sqlite3_free(aTmp);
-
   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+    SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(p, 0);
     walIteratorFree(p);
     p = 0;
   }
@@ -1875,8 +2006,8 @@ static int walIteratorInit(Wal *pWal, u32 nBackfill, WalIterator **pp){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT
 /*
 ** Attempt to enable blocking locks. Blocking locks are enabled only if (a)
-** they are supported by the VFS, and (b) the database handle is configured 
-** with a busy-timeout. Return 1 if blocking locks are successfully enabled, 
+** they are supported by the VFS, and (b) the database handle is configured
+** with a busy-timeout. Return 1 if blocking locks are successfully enabled,
 ** or 0 otherwise.
 */
 static int walEnableBlocking(Wal *pWal){
@@ -1905,7 +2036,7 @@ static void walDisableBlocking(Wal *pWal){
 /*
 ** If parameter bLock is true, attempt to enable blocking locks, take
 ** the WRITER lock, and then disable blocking locks. If blocking locks
-** cannot be enabled, no attempt to obtain the WRITER lock is made. Return 
+** cannot be enabled, no attempt to obtain the WRITER lock is made. Return
 ** an SQLite error code if an error occurs, or SQLITE_OK otherwise. It is not
 ** an error if blocking locks can not be enabled.
 **
@@ -2002,8 +2133,8 @@ static int walPagesize(Wal *pWal){
 ** client to write to the database (which may be this one) does so by
 ** writing frames into the start of the log file.
 **
-** The value of parameter salt1 is used as the aSalt[1] value in the 
-** new wal-index header. It should be passed a pseudo-random value (i.e. 
+** The value of parameter salt1 is used as the aSalt[1] value in the
+** new wal-index header. It should be passed a pseudo-random value (i.e.
 ** one obtained from sqlite3_randomness()).
 */
 static void walRestartHdr(Wal *pWal, u32 salt1){
@@ -2031,8 +2162,8 @@ static void walRestartHdr(Wal *pWal, u32 salt1){
 ** that a concurrent reader might be using.
 **
 ** All I/O barrier operations (a.k.a fsyncs) occur in this routine when
-** SQLite is in WAL-mode in synchronous=NORMAL.  That means that if 
-** checkpoints are always run by a background thread or background 
+** SQLite is in WAL-mode in synchronous=NORMAL.  That means that if
+** checkpoints are always run by a background thread or background
 ** process, foreground threads will never block on a lengthy fsync call.
 **
 ** Fsync is called on the WAL before writing content out of the WAL and
@@ -2045,7 +2176,7 @@ static void walRestartHdr(Wal *pWal, u32 salt1){
 ** database file.
 **
 ** This routine uses and updates the nBackfill field of the wal-index header.
-** This is the only routine that will increase the value of nBackfill.  
+** This is the only routine that will increase the value of nBackfill.
 ** (A WAL reset or recovery will revert nBackfill to zero, but not increase
 ** its value.)
 **
@@ -2090,13 +2221,13 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
     mxSafeFrame = pWal->hdr.mxFrame;
     mxPage = pWal->hdr.nPage;
     for(i=1; i<WAL_NREADER; i++){
-      u32 y = AtomicLoad(pInfo->aReadMark+i);
+      u32 y = AtomicLoad(pInfo->aReadMark+i); SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
       if( mxSafeFrame>y ){
         assert( y<=pWal->hdr.mxFrame );
         rc = walBusyLock(pWal, xBusy, pBusyArg, WAL_READ_LOCK(i), 1);
         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
           u32 iMark = (i==1 ? mxSafeFrame : READMARK_NOT_USED);
-          AtomicStore(pInfo->aReadMark+i, iMark);
+          AtomicStore(pInfo->aReadMark+i, iMark); SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
           walUnlockExclusive(pWal, WAL_READ_LOCK(i), 1);
         }else if( rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
           mxSafeFrame = y;
@@ -2117,8 +2248,7 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
      && (rc = walBusyLock(pWal,xBusy,pBusyArg,WAL_READ_LOCK(0),1))==SQLITE_OK
     ){
       u32 nBackfill = pInfo->nBackfill;
-
-      pInfo->nBackfillAttempted = mxSafeFrame;
+      pInfo->nBackfillAttempted = mxSafeFrame; SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
 
       /* Sync the WAL to disk */
       rc = sqlite3OsSync(pWal->pWalFd, CKPT_SYNC_FLAGS(sync_flags));
@@ -2135,7 +2265,7 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
           if( (nSize+65536+(i64)pWal->hdr.mxFrame*szPage)<nReq ){
             /* If the size of the final database is larger than the current
             ** database plus the amount of data in the wal file, plus the
-            ** maximum size of the pending-byte page (65536 bytes), then 
+            ** maximum size of the pending-byte page (65536 bytes), then
             ** must be corruption somewhere.  */
             rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
           }else{
@@ -2149,6 +2279,7 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
       while( rc==SQLITE_OK && 0==walIteratorNext(pIter, &iDbpage, &iFrame) ){
         i64 iOffset;
         assert( walFramePgno(pWal, iFrame)==iDbpage );
+        SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
         if( AtomicLoad(&db->u1.isInterrupted) ){
           rc = db->mallocFailed ? SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT : SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
           break;
@@ -2178,7 +2309,7 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
           }
         }
         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-          AtomicStore(&pInfo->nBackfill, mxSafeFrame);
+          AtomicStore(&pInfo->nBackfill, mxSafeFrame); SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
         }
       }
 
@@ -2194,12 +2325,13 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
   }
 
   /* If this is an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART or TRUNCATE operation, and the
-  ** entire wal file has been copied into the database file, then block 
-  ** until all readers have finished using the wal file. This ensures that 
+  ** entire wal file has been copied into the database file, then block
+  ** until all readers have finished using the wal file. This ensures that
   ** the next process to write to the database restarts the wal file.
   */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && eMode!=SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE ){
     assert( pWal->writeLock );
+    SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
     if( pInfo->nBackfill<pWal->hdr.mxFrame ){
       rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
     }else if( eMode>=SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART ){
@@ -2219,7 +2351,7 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
           ** writer clients should see that the entire log file has been
           ** checkpointed and behave accordingly. This seems unsafe though,
           ** as it would leave the system in a state where the contents of
-          ** the wal-index header do not match the contents of the 
+          ** the wal-index header do not match the contents of the
           ** file-system. To avoid this, update the wal-index header to
           ** indicate that the log file contains zero valid frames.  */
           walRestartHdr(pWal, salt1);
@@ -2231,6 +2363,7 @@ static int walCheckpoint(
   }
 
  walcheckpoint_out:
+  SEH_FREE_ON_ERROR(pIter, 0);
   walIteratorFree(pIter);
   return rc;
 }
@@ -2253,6 +2386,93 @@ static void walLimitSize(Wal *pWal, i64 nMax){
   }
 }
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+/*
+** This is the "standard" exception handler used in a few places to handle 
+** an exception thrown by reading from the *-shm mapping after it has become
+** invalid in SQLITE_USE_SEH builds. It is used as follows:
+**
+**   SEH_TRY { ... }
+**   SEH_EXCEPT( rc = walHandleException(pWal); )
+**
+** This function does three things:
+**
+**   1) Determines the locks that should be held, based on the contents of
+**      the Wal.readLock, Wal.writeLock and Wal.ckptLock variables. All other
+**      held locks are assumed to be transient locks that would have been
+**      released had the exception not been thrown and are dropped.
+**
+**   2) Frees the pointer at Wal.pFree, if any, using sqlite3_free().
+**
+**   3) Set pWal->apWiData[pWal->iWiPg] to pWal->pWiValue if not NULL
+**
+**   4) Returns SQLITE_IOERR.
+*/
+static int walHandleException(Wal *pWal){
+  if( pWal->exclusiveMode==0 ){
+    static const int S = 1;
+    static const int E = (1<<SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK);
+    int ii;
+    u32 mUnlock = pWal->lockMask & ~(
+        (pWal->readLock<0 ? 0 : (S << WAL_READ_LOCK(pWal->readLock)))
+        | (pWal->writeLock ? (E << WAL_WRITE_LOCK) : 0)
+        | (pWal->ckptLock ? (E << WAL_CKPT_LOCK) : 0)
+        );
+    for(ii=0; ii<SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK; ii++){
+      if( (S<<ii) & mUnlock ) walUnlockShared(pWal, ii);
+      if( (E<<ii) & mUnlock ) walUnlockExclusive(pWal, ii, 1);
+    }
+  }
+  sqlite3_free(pWal->pFree);
+  pWal->pFree = 0;
+  if( pWal->pWiValue ){
+    pWal->apWiData[pWal->iWiPg] = pWal->pWiValue;
+    pWal->pWiValue = 0;
+  }
+  return SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE;
+}
+
+/*
+** Assert that the Wal.lockMask mask, which indicates the locks held
+** by the connenction, is consistent with the Wal.readLock, Wal.writeLock
+** and Wal.ckptLock variables. To be used as:
+**
+**   assert( walAssertLockmask(pWal) );
+*/
+static int walAssertLockmask(Wal *pWal){
+  if( pWal->exclusiveMode==0 ){
+    static const int S = 1;
+    static const int E = (1<<SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK);
+    u32 mExpect = (
+        (pWal->readLock<0 ? 0 : (S << WAL_READ_LOCK(pWal->readLock)))
+      | (pWal->writeLock ? (E << WAL_WRITE_LOCK) : 0)
+      | (pWal->ckptLock ? (E << WAL_CKPT_LOCK) : 0)
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
+      | (pWal->pSnapshot ? (pWal->lockMask & (1 << WAL_CKPT_LOCK)) : 0)
+#endif
+    );
+    assert( mExpect==pWal->lockMask );
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+** Return and zero the "system error" field set when an 
+** EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR exception is caught.
+*/
+int sqlite3WalSystemErrno(Wal *pWal){
+  int iRet = 0;
+  if( pWal ){
+    iRet = pWal->iSysErrno;
+    pWal->iSysErrno = 0;
+  }
+  return iRet;
+}
+
+#else
+# define walAssertLockmask(x) 1
+#endif /* ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH */
+
 /*
 ** Close a connection to a log file.
 */
@@ -2267,6 +2487,8 @@ int sqlite3WalClose(
   if( pWal ){
     int isDelete = 0;             /* True to unlink wal and wal-index files */
 
+    assert( walAssertLockmask(pWal) );
+
     /* If an EXCLUSIVE lock can be obtained on the database file (using the
     ** ordinary, rollback-mode locking methods, this guarantees that the
     ** connection associated with this log file is the only connection to
@@ -2281,7 +2503,7 @@ int sqlite3WalClose(
       if( pWal->exclusiveMode==WAL_NORMAL_MODE ){
         pWal->exclusiveMode = WAL_EXCLUSIVE_MODE;
       }
-      rc = sqlite3WalCheckpoint(pWal, db, 
+      rc = sqlite3WalCheckpoint(pWal, db,
           SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE, 0, 0, sync_flags, nBuf, zBuf, 0, 0
       );
       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
@@ -2291,7 +2513,7 @@ int sqlite3WalClose(
         );
         if( bPersist!=1 ){
           /* Try to delete the WAL file if the checkpoint completed and
-          ** fsyned (rc==SQLITE_OK) and if we are not in persistent-wal
+          ** fsynced (rc==SQLITE_OK) and if we are not in persistent-wal
           ** mode (!bPersist) */
           isDelete = 1;
         }else if( pWal->mxWalSize>=0 ){
@@ -2358,7 +2580,7 @@ static SQLITE_NO_TSAN int walIndexTryHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
   ** give false-positive warnings about these accesses because the tools do not
   ** account for the double-read and the memory barrier. The use of mutexes
   ** here would be problematic as the memory being accessed is potentially
-  ** shared among multiple processes and not all mutex implementions work
+  ** shared among multiple processes and not all mutex implementations work
   ** reliably in that environment.
   */
   aHdr = walIndexHdr(pWal);
@@ -2368,7 +2590,7 @@ static SQLITE_NO_TSAN int walIndexTryHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
 
   if( memcmp(&h1, &h2, sizeof(h1))!=0 ){
     return 1;   /* Dirty read */
-  }  
+  }
   if( h1.isInit==0 ){
     return 1;   /* Malformed header - probably all zeros */
   }
@@ -2404,7 +2626,7 @@ static SQLITE_NO_TSAN int walIndexTryHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
 ** changed by this operation.  If pWal->hdr is unchanged, set *pChanged
 ** to 0.
 **
-** If the wal-index header is successfully read, return SQLITE_OK. 
+** If the wal-index header is successfully read, return SQLITE_OK.
 ** Otherwise an SQLite error code.
 */
 static int walIndexReadHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
@@ -2412,7 +2634,7 @@ static int walIndexReadHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
   int badHdr;                     /* True if a header read failed */
   volatile u32 *page0;            /* Chunk of wal-index containing header */
 
-  /* Ensure that page 0 of the wal-index (the page that contains the 
+  /* Ensure that page 0 of the wal-index (the page that contains the
   ** wal-index header) is mapped. Return early if an error occurs here.
   */
   assert( pChanged );
@@ -2444,7 +2666,7 @@ static int walIndexReadHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
 
   /* If the first page of the wal-index has been mapped, try to read the
   ** wal-index header immediately, without holding any lock. This usually
-  ** works, but may fail if the wal-index header is corrupt or currently 
+  ** works, but may fail if the wal-index header is corrupt or currently
   ** being modified by another thread or process.
   */
   badHdr = (page0 ? walIndexTryHdr(pWal, pChanged) : 1);
@@ -2519,15 +2741,15 @@ static int walIndexReadHdr(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
 **
 **    The *-wal file has been read and an appropriate wal-index has been
 **    constructed in pWal->apWiData[] using heap memory instead of shared
-**    memory. 
+**    memory.
 **
 ** If this function returns SQLITE_OK, then the read transaction has
-** been successfully opened. In this case output variable (*pChanged) 
+** been successfully opened. In this case output variable (*pChanged)
 ** is set to true before returning if the caller should discard the
-** contents of the page cache before proceeding. Or, if it returns 
-** WAL_RETRY, then the heap memory wal-index has been discarded and 
-** the caller should retry opening the read transaction from the 
-** beginning (including attempting to map the *-shm file). 
+** contents of the page cache before proceeding. Or, if it returns
+** WAL_RETRY, then the heap memory wal-index has been discarded and
+** the caller should retry opening the read transaction from the
+** beginning (including attempting to map the *-shm file).
 **
 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned.
 */
@@ -2640,8 +2862,8 @@ static int walBeginShmUnreliable(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
   ** the caller.  */
   aSaveCksum[0] = pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[0];
   aSaveCksum[1] = pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[1];
-  for(iOffset=walFrameOffset(pWal->hdr.mxFrame+1, pWal->szPage); 
-      iOffset+szFrame<=szWal; 
+  for(iOffset=walFrameOffset(pWal->hdr.mxFrame+1, pWal->szPage);
+      iOffset+szFrame<=szWal;
       iOffset+=szFrame
   ){
     u32 pgno;                   /* Database page number for frame */
@@ -2689,10 +2911,10 @@ static int walBeginShmUnreliable(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
 **
 ** The useWal parameter is true to force the use of the WAL and disable
 ** the case where the WAL is bypassed because it has been completely
-** checkpointed.  If useWal==0 then this routine calls walIndexReadHdr() 
-** to make a copy of the wal-index header into pWal->hdr.  If the 
-** wal-index header has changed, *pChanged is set to 1 (as an indication 
-** to the caller that the local page cache is obsolete and needs to be 
+** checkpointed.  If useWal==0 then this routine calls walIndexReadHdr()
+** to make a copy of the wal-index header into pWal->hdr.  If the
+** wal-index header has changed, *pChanged is set to 1 (as an indication
+** to the caller that the local page cache is obsolete and needs to be
 ** flushed.)  When useWal==1, the wal-index header is assumed to already
 ** be loaded and the pChanged parameter is unused.
 **
@@ -2707,7 +2929,7 @@ static int walBeginShmUnreliable(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
 ** bad luck when there is lots of contention for the wal-index, but that
 ** possibility is so small that it can be safely neglected, we believe.
 **
-** On success, this routine obtains a read lock on 
+** On success, this routine obtains a read lock on
 ** WAL_READ_LOCK(pWal->readLock).  The pWal->readLock integer is
 ** in the range 0 <= pWal->readLock < WAL_NREADER.  If pWal->readLock==(-1)
 ** that means the Wal does not hold any read lock.  The reader must not
@@ -2745,16 +2967,16 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
   **
   ** Circumstances that cause a RETRY should only last for the briefest
   ** instances of time.  No I/O or other system calls are done while the
-  ** locks are held, so the locks should not be held for very long. But 
+  ** locks are held, so the locks should not be held for very long. But
   ** if we are unlucky, another process that is holding a lock might get
-  ** paged out or take a page-fault that is time-consuming to resolve, 
+  ** paged out or take a page-fault that is time-consuming to resolve,
   ** during the few nanoseconds that it is holding the lock.  In that case,
   ** it might take longer than normal for the lock to free.
   **
   ** After 5 RETRYs, we begin calling sqlite3OsSleep().  The first few
   ** calls to sqlite3OsSleep() have a delay of 1 microsecond.  Really this
   ** is more of a scheduler yield than an actual delay.  But on the 10th
-  ** an subsequent retries, the delays start becoming longer and longer, 
+  ** an subsequent retries, the delays start becoming longer and longer,
   ** so that on the 100th (and last) RETRY we delay for 323 milliseconds.
   ** The total delay time before giving up is less than 10 seconds.
   */
@@ -2785,9 +3007,9 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
       if( pWal->apWiData[0]==0 ){
         /* This branch is taken when the xShmMap() method returns SQLITE_BUSY.
         ** We assume this is a transient condition, so return WAL_RETRY. The
-        ** xShmMap() implementation used by the default unix and win32 VFS 
-        ** modules may return SQLITE_BUSY due to a race condition in the 
-        ** code that determines whether or not the shared-memory region 
+        ** xShmMap() implementation used by the default unix and win32 VFS
+        ** modules may return SQLITE_BUSY due to a race condition in the
+        ** code that determines whether or not the shared-memory region
         ** must be zeroed before the requested page is returned.
         */
         rc = WAL_RETRY;
@@ -2809,6 +3031,7 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
   assert( pWal->nWiData>0 );
   assert( pWal->apWiData[0]!=0 );
   pInfo = walCkptInfo(pWal);
+  SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
   if( !useWal && AtomicLoad(&pInfo->nBackfill)==pWal->hdr.mxFrame
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
    && (pWal->pSnapshot==0 || pWal->hdr.mxFrame==0)
@@ -2828,7 +3051,7 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
         ** snapshot. Since holding READ_LOCK(0) prevents a checkpoint from
         ** happening, this is usually correct.
         **
-        ** However, if frames have been appended to the log (or if the log 
+        ** However, if frames have been appended to the log (or if the log
         ** is wrapped and written for that matter) before the READ_LOCK(0)
         ** is obtained, that is not necessarily true. A checkpointer may
         ** have started to backfill the appended frames but crashed before
@@ -2858,7 +3081,7 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
   }
 #endif
   for(i=1; i<WAL_NREADER; i++){
-    u32 thisMark = AtomicLoad(pInfo->aReadMark+i);
+    u32 thisMark = AtomicLoad(pInfo->aReadMark+i); SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
     if( mxReadMark<=thisMark && thisMark<=mxFrame ){
       assert( thisMark!=READMARK_NOT_USED );
       mxReadMark = thisMark;
@@ -2910,9 +3133,9 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
   ** to read any frames earlier than minFrame from the wal file - they
   ** can be safely read directly from the database file.
   **
-  ** Because a ShmBarrier() call is made between taking the copy of 
+  ** Because a ShmBarrier() call is made between taking the copy of
   ** nBackfill and checking that the wal-header in shared-memory still
-  ** matches the one cached in pWal->hdr, it is guaranteed that the 
+  ** matches the one cached in pWal->hdr, it is guaranteed that the
   ** checkpointer that set nBackfill was not working with a wal-index
   ** header newer than that cached in pWal->hdr. If it were, that could
   ** cause a problem. The checkpointer could omit to checkpoint
@@ -2924,7 +3147,7 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
   ** we can guarantee that the checkpointer that set nBackfill could not
   ** see any pages past pWal->hdr.mxFrame, this problem does not come up.
   */
-  pWal->minFrame = AtomicLoad(&pInfo->nBackfill)+1;
+  pWal->minFrame = AtomicLoad(&pInfo->nBackfill)+1; SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
   walShmBarrier(pWal);
   if( AtomicLoad(pInfo->aReadMark+mxI)!=mxReadMark
    || memcmp((void *)walIndexHdr(pWal), &pWal->hdr, sizeof(WalIndexHdr))
@@ -2940,15 +3163,63 @@ static int walTryBeginRead(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged, int useWal, int cnt){
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
 /*
-** Attempt to reduce the value of the WalCkptInfo.nBackfillAttempted 
+** This function does the work of sqlite3WalSnapshotRecover().
+*/
+static int walSnapshotRecover(
+  Wal *pWal,                      /* WAL handle */
+  void *pBuf1,                    /* Temp buffer pWal->szPage bytes in size */
+  void *pBuf2                     /* Temp buffer pWal->szPage bytes in size */
+){
+  int szPage = (int)pWal->szPage;
+  int rc;
+  i64 szDb;                       /* Size of db file in bytes */
+
+  rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pWal->pDbFd, &szDb);
+  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    volatile WalCkptInfo *pInfo = walCkptInfo(pWal);
+    u32 i = pInfo->nBackfillAttempted;
+    for(i=pInfo->nBackfillAttempted; i>AtomicLoad(&pInfo->nBackfill); i--){
+      WalHashLoc sLoc;          /* Hash table location */
+      u32 pgno;                 /* Page number in db file */
+      i64 iDbOff;               /* Offset of db file entry */
+      i64 iWalOff;              /* Offset of wal file entry */
+
+      rc = walHashGet(pWal, walFramePage(i), &sLoc);
+      if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
+      assert( i - sLoc.iZero - 1 >=0 );
+      pgno = sLoc.aPgno[i-sLoc.iZero-1];
+      iDbOff = (i64)(pgno-1) * szPage;
+
+      if( iDbOff+szPage<=szDb ){
+        iWalOff = walFrameOffset(i, szPage) + WAL_FRAME_HDRSIZE;
+        rc = sqlite3OsRead(pWal->pWalFd, pBuf1, szPage, iWalOff);
+
+        if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+          rc = sqlite3OsRead(pWal->pDbFd, pBuf2, szPage, iDbOff);
+        }
+
+        if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || 0==memcmp(pBuf1, pBuf2, szPage) ){
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      pInfo->nBackfillAttempted = i-1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+** Attempt to reduce the value of the WalCkptInfo.nBackfillAttempted
 ** variable so that older snapshots can be accessed. To do this, loop
-** through all wal frames from nBackfillAttempted to (nBackfill+1), 
+** through all wal frames from nBackfillAttempted to (nBackfill+1),
 ** comparing their content to the corresponding page with the database
 ** file, if any. Set nBackfillAttempted to the frame number of the
 ** first frame for which the wal file content matches the db file.
 **
-** This is only really safe if the file-system is such that any page 
-** writes made by earlier checkpointers were atomic operations, which 
+** This is only really safe if the file-system is such that any page
+** writes made by earlier checkpointers were atomic operations, which
 ** is not always true. It is also possible that nBackfillAttempted
 ** may be left set to a value larger than expected, if a wal frame
 ** contains content that duplicate of an earlier version of the same
@@ -2964,50 +3235,21 @@ int sqlite3WalSnapshotRecover(Wal *pWal){
   assert( pWal->readLock>=0 );
   rc = walLockExclusive(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK, 1);
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    volatile WalCkptInfo *pInfo = walCkptInfo(pWal);
-    int szPage = (int)pWal->szPage;
-    i64 szDb;                   /* Size of db file in bytes */
-
-    rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pWal->pDbFd, &szDb);
-    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-      void *pBuf1 = sqlite3_malloc(szPage);
-      void *pBuf2 = sqlite3_malloc(szPage);
-      if( pBuf1==0 || pBuf2==0 ){
-        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
-      }else{
-        u32 i = pInfo->nBackfillAttempted;
-        for(i=pInfo->nBackfillAttempted; i>AtomicLoad(&pInfo->nBackfill); i--){
-          WalHashLoc sLoc;          /* Hash table location */
-          u32 pgno;                 /* Page number in db file */
-          i64 iDbOff;               /* Offset of db file entry */
-          i64 iWalOff;              /* Offset of wal file entry */
-
-          rc = walHashGet(pWal, walFramePage(i), &sLoc);
-          if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) break;
-          assert( i - sLoc.iZero - 1 >=0 );
-          pgno = sLoc.aPgno[i-sLoc.iZero-1];
-          iDbOff = (i64)(pgno-1) * szPage;
-
-          if( iDbOff+szPage<=szDb ){
-            iWalOff = walFrameOffset(i, szPage) + WAL_FRAME_HDRSIZE;
-            rc = sqlite3OsRead(pWal->pWalFd, pBuf1, szPage, iWalOff);
-
-            if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-              rc = sqlite3OsRead(pWal->pDbFd, pBuf2, szPage, iDbOff);
-            }
-
-            if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || 0==memcmp(pBuf1, pBuf2, szPage) ){
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-
-          pInfo->nBackfillAttempted = i-1;
-        }
+    void *pBuf1 = sqlite3_malloc(pWal->szPage);
+    void *pBuf2 = sqlite3_malloc(pWal->szPage);
+    if( pBuf1==0 || pBuf2==0 ){
+      rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+    }else{
+      pWal->ckptLock = 1;
+      SEH_TRY {
+        rc = walSnapshotRecover(pWal, pBuf1, pBuf2);
       }
-
-      sqlite3_free(pBuf1);
-      sqlite3_free(pBuf2);
+      SEH_EXCEPT( rc = SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE; )
+      pWal->ckptLock = 0;
     }
+
+    sqlite3_free(pBuf1);
+    sqlite3_free(pBuf2);
     walUnlockExclusive(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK, 1);
   }
 
@@ -3016,28 +3258,20 @@ int sqlite3WalSnapshotRecover(Wal *pWal){
 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT */
 
 /*
-** Begin a read transaction on the database.
-**
-** This routine used to be called sqlite3OpenSnapshot() and with good reason:
-** it takes a snapshot of the state of the WAL and wal-index for the current
-** instant in time.  The current thread will continue to use this snapshot.
-** Other threads might append new content to the WAL and wal-index but
-** that extra content is ignored by the current thread.
-**
-** If the database contents have changes since the previous read
-** transaction, then *pChanged is set to 1 before returning.  The
-** Pager layer will use this to know that its cache is stale and
-** needs to be flushed.
+** This function does the work of sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction() (see 
+** below). That function simply calls this one inside an SEH_TRY{...} block.
 */
-int sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
+static int walBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
   int rc;                         /* Return code */
   int cnt = 0;                    /* Number of TryBeginRead attempts */
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
+  int ckptLock = 0;
   int bChanged = 0;
   WalIndexHdr *pSnapshot = pWal->pSnapshot;
 #endif
 
   assert( pWal->ckptLock==0 );
+  assert( pWal->nSehTry>0 );
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT
   if( pSnapshot ){
@@ -3045,13 +3279,13 @@ int sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
       bChanged = 1;
     }
 
-    /* It is possible that there is a checkpointer thread running 
+    /* It is possible that there is a checkpointer thread running
     ** concurrent with this code. If this is the case, it may be that the
-    ** checkpointer has already determined that it will checkpoint 
-    ** snapshot X, where X is later in the wal file than pSnapshot, but 
-    ** has not yet set the pInfo->nBackfillAttempted variable to indicate 
+    ** checkpointer has already determined that it will checkpoint
+    ** snapshot X, where X is later in the wal file than pSnapshot, but
+    ** has not yet set the pInfo->nBackfillAttempted variable to indicate
     ** its intent. To avoid the race condition this leads to, ensure that
-    ** there is no checkpointer process by taking a shared CKPT lock 
+    ** there is no checkpointer process by taking a shared CKPT lock
     ** before checking pInfo->nBackfillAttempted.  */
     (void)walEnableBlocking(pWal);
     rc = walLockShared(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK);
@@ -3060,7 +3294,7 @@ int sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
       return rc;
     }
-    pWal->ckptLock = 1;
+    ckptLock = 1;
   }
 #endif
 
@@ -3112,7 +3346,7 @@ int sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
       /* A client using a non-current snapshot may not ignore any frames
       ** from the start of the wal file. This is because, for a system
       ** where (minFrame < iSnapshot < maxFrame), a checkpointer may
-      ** have omitted to checkpoint a frame earlier than minFrame in 
+      ** have omitted to checkpoint a frame earlier than minFrame in
       ** the file because there exists a frame after iSnapshot that
       ** is the same database page.  */
       pWal->minFrame = 1;
@@ -3124,15 +3358,37 @@ int sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
   }
 
   /* Release the shared CKPT lock obtained above. */
-  if( pWal->ckptLock ){
+  if( ckptLock ){
     assert( pSnapshot );
     walUnlockShared(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK);
-    pWal->ckptLock = 0;
   }
 #endif
   return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** Begin a read transaction on the database.
+**
+** This routine used to be called sqlite3OpenSnapshot() and with good reason:
+** it takes a snapshot of the state of the WAL and wal-index for the current
+** instant in time.  The current thread will continue to use this snapshot.
+** Other threads might append new content to the WAL and wal-index but
+** that extra content is ignored by the current thread.
+**
+** If the database contents have changes since the previous read
+** transaction, then *pChanged is set to 1 before returning.  The
+** Pager layer will use this to know that its cache is stale and
+** needs to be flushed.
+*/
+int sqlite3WalBeginReadTransaction(Wal *pWal, int *pChanged){
+  int rc;
+  SEH_TRY {
+    rc = walBeginReadTransaction(pWal, pChanged);
+  }
+  SEH_EXCEPT( rc = walHandleException(pWal); )
+  return rc;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Finish with a read transaction.  All this does is release the
 ** read-lock.
@@ -3153,7 +3409,7 @@ void sqlite3WalEndReadTransaction(Wal *pWal){
 ** Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error code if an error occurs. If an
 ** error does occur, the final value of *piRead is undefined.
 */
-int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
+static int walFindFrame(
   Wal *pWal,                      /* WAL handle */
   Pgno pgno,                      /* Database page number to read data for */
   u32 *piRead                     /* OUT: Frame number (or zero) */
@@ -3168,8 +3424,8 @@ int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
 
   /* If the "last page" field of the wal-index header snapshot is 0, then
   ** no data will be read from the wal under any circumstances. Return early
-  ** in this case as an optimization.  Likewise, if pWal->readLock==0, 
-  ** then the WAL is ignored by the reader so return early, as if the 
+  ** in this case as an optimization.  Likewise, if pWal->readLock==0,
+  ** then the WAL is ignored by the reader so return early, as if the
   ** WAL were empty.
   */
   if( iLast==0 || (pWal->readLock==0 && pWal->bShmUnreliable==0) ){
@@ -3182,9 +3438,9 @@ int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
   ** hash table (each hash table indexes up to HASHTABLE_NPAGE frames).
   **
   ** This code might run concurrently to the code in walIndexAppend()
-  ** that adds entries to the wal-index (and possibly to this hash 
-  ** table). This means the value just read from the hash 
-  ** slot (aHash[iKey]) may have been added before or after the 
+  ** that adds entries to the wal-index (and possibly to this hash
+  ** table). This means the value just read from the hash
+  ** slot (aHash[iKey]) may have been added before or after the
   ** current read transaction was opened. Values added after the
   ** read transaction was opened may have been written incorrectly -
   ** i.e. these slots may contain garbage data. However, we assume
@@ -3192,13 +3448,13 @@ int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
   ** opened remain unmodified.
   **
   ** For the reasons above, the if(...) condition featured in the inner
-  ** loop of the following block is more stringent that would be required 
+  ** loop of the following block is more stringent that would be required
   ** if we had exclusive access to the hash-table:
   **
-  **   (aPgno[iFrame]==pgno): 
+  **   (aPgno[iFrame]==pgno):
   **     This condition filters out normal hash-table collisions.
   **
-  **   (iFrame<=iLast): 
+  **   (iFrame<=iLast):
   **     This condition filters out entries that were added to the hash
   **     table after the current read-transaction had started.
   */
@@ -3216,6 +3472,7 @@ int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
     }
     nCollide = HASHTABLE_NSLOT;
     iKey = walHash(pgno);
+    SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
     while( (iH = AtomicLoad(&sLoc.aHash[iKey]))!=0 ){
       u32 iFrame = iH + sLoc.iZero;
       if( iFrame<=iLast && iFrame>=pWal->minFrame && sLoc.aPgno[iH-1]==pgno ){
@@ -3252,6 +3509,30 @@ int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
 
+/*
+** Search the wal file for page pgno. If found, set *piRead to the frame that
+** contains the page. Otherwise, if pgno is not in the wal file, set *piRead
+** to zero.
+**
+** Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error code if an error occurs. If an
+** error does occur, the final value of *piRead is undefined.
+**
+** The difference between this function and walFindFrame() is that this
+** function wraps walFindFrame() in an SEH_TRY{...} block.
+*/
+int sqlite3WalFindFrame(
+  Wal *pWal,                      /* WAL handle */
+  Pgno pgno,                      /* Database page number to read data for */
+  u32 *piRead                     /* OUT: Frame number (or zero) */
+){
+  int rc;
+  SEH_TRY {
+    rc = walFindFrame(pWal, pgno, piRead);
+  }
+  SEH_EXCEPT( rc = SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE; )
+  return rc;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Read the contents of frame iRead from the wal file into buffer pOut
 ** (which is nOut bytes in size). Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an
@@ -3274,7 +3555,7 @@ int sqlite3WalReadFrame(
   return sqlite3OsRead(pWal->pWalFd, pOut, (nOut>sz ? sz : nOut), iOffset);
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Return the size of the database in pages (or zero, if unknown).
 */
 Pgno sqlite3WalDbsize(Wal *pWal){
@@ -3285,7 +3566,7 @@ Pgno sqlite3WalDbsize(Wal *pWal){
 }
 
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** This function starts a write transaction on the WAL.
 **
 ** A read transaction must have already been started by a prior call
@@ -3333,12 +3614,17 @@ int sqlite3WalBeginWriteTransaction(Wal *pWal){
   ** time the read transaction on this connection was started, then
   ** the write is disallowed.
   */
-  if( memcmp(&pWal->hdr, (void *)walIndexHdr(pWal), sizeof(WalIndexHdr))!=0 ){
+  SEH_TRY {
+    if( memcmp(&pWal->hdr, (void *)walIndexHdr(pWal), sizeof(WalIndexHdr))!=0 ){
+      rc = SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT;
+    }
+  }
+  SEH_EXCEPT( rc = SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE; )
+
+  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
     walUnlockExclusive(pWal, WAL_WRITE_LOCK, 1);
     pWal->writeLock = 0;
-    rc = SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT;
   }
-
   return rc;
 }
 
@@ -3373,39 +3659,42 @@ int sqlite3WalUndo(Wal *pWal, int (*xUndo)(void *, Pgno), void *pUndoCtx){
   if( ALWAYS(pWal->writeLock) ){
     Pgno iMax = pWal->hdr.mxFrame;
     Pgno iFrame;
-  
-    /* Restore the clients cache of the wal-index header to the state it
-    ** was in before the client began writing to the database. 
-    */
-    memcpy(&pWal->hdr, (void *)walIndexHdr(pWal), sizeof(WalIndexHdr));
 
-    for(iFrame=pWal->hdr.mxFrame+1; 
-        ALWAYS(rc==SQLITE_OK) && iFrame<=iMax; 
-        iFrame++
-    ){
-      /* This call cannot fail. Unless the page for which the page number
-      ** is passed as the second argument is (a) in the cache and 
-      ** (b) has an outstanding reference, then xUndo is either a no-op
-      ** (if (a) is false) or simply expels the page from the cache (if (b)
-      ** is false).
-      **
-      ** If the upper layer is doing a rollback, it is guaranteed that there
-      ** are no outstanding references to any page other than page 1. And
-      ** page 1 is never written to the log until the transaction is
-      ** committed. As a result, the call to xUndo may not fail.
+    SEH_TRY {
+      /* Restore the clients cache of the wal-index header to the state it
+      ** was in before the client began writing to the database. 
       */
-      assert( walFramePgno(pWal, iFrame)!=1 );
-      rc = xUndo(pUndoCtx, walFramePgno(pWal, iFrame));
+      memcpy(&pWal->hdr, (void *)walIndexHdr(pWal), sizeof(WalIndexHdr));
+  
+      for(iFrame=pWal->hdr.mxFrame+1; 
+          ALWAYS(rc==SQLITE_OK) && iFrame<=iMax; 
+          iFrame++
+      ){
+        /* This call cannot fail. Unless the page for which the page number
+        ** is passed as the second argument is (a) in the cache and
+        ** (b) has an outstanding reference, then xUndo is either a no-op
+        ** (if (a) is false) or simply expels the page from the cache (if (b)
+        ** is false).
+        **
+        ** If the upper layer is doing a rollback, it is guaranteed that there
+        ** are no outstanding references to any page other than page 1. And
+        ** page 1 is never written to the log until the transaction is
+        ** committed. As a result, the call to xUndo may not fail.
+        */
+        assert( walFramePgno(pWal, iFrame)!=1 );
+        rc = xUndo(pUndoCtx, walFramePgno(pWal, iFrame));
+      }
+      if( iMax!=pWal->hdr.mxFrame ) walCleanupHash(pWal);
     }
-    if( iMax!=pWal->hdr.mxFrame ) walCleanupHash(pWal);
+    SEH_EXCEPT( rc = SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE; )
   }
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* 
-** Argument aWalData must point to an array of WAL_SAVEPOINT_NDATA u32 
-** values. This function populates the array with values required to 
-** "rollback" the write position of the WAL handle back to the current 
+/*
+** Argument aWalData must point to an array of WAL_SAVEPOINT_NDATA u32
+** values. This function populates the array with values required to
+** "rollback" the write position of the WAL handle back to the current
 ** point in the event of a savepoint rollback (via WalSavepointUndo()).
 */
 void sqlite3WalSavepoint(Wal *pWal, u32 *aWalData){
@@ -3416,7 +3705,7 @@ void sqlite3WalSavepoint(Wal *pWal, u32 *aWalData){
   aWalData[3] = pWal->nCkpt;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Move the write position of the WAL back to the point identified by
 ** the values in the aWalData[] array. aWalData must point to an array
 ** of WAL_SAVEPOINT_NDATA u32 values that has been previously populated
@@ -3441,7 +3730,10 @@ int sqlite3WalSavepointUndo(Wal *pWal, u32 *aWalData){
     pWal->hdr.mxFrame = aWalData[0];
     pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[0] = aWalData[1];
     pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[1] = aWalData[2];
-    walCleanupHash(pWal);
+    SEH_TRY {
+      walCleanupHash(pWal);
+    }
+    SEH_EXCEPT( rc = SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE; )
   }
 
   return rc;
@@ -3618,11 +3910,11 @@ static int walRewriteChecksums(Wal *pWal, u32 iLast){
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Write a set of frames to the log. The caller must hold the write-lock
 ** on the log file (obtained using sqlite3WalBeginWriteTransaction()).
 */
-int sqlite3WalFrames(
+static int walFrames(
   Wal *pWal,                      /* Wal handle to write to */
   int szPage,                     /* Database page-size in bytes */
   PgHdr *pList,                   /* List of dirty pages to write */
@@ -3685,7 +3977,7 @@ int sqlite3WalFrames(
     walChecksumBytes(1, aWalHdr, WAL_HDRSIZE-2*4, 0, aCksum);
     sqlite3Put4byte(&aWalHdr[24], aCksum[0]);
     sqlite3Put4byte(&aWalHdr[28], aCksum[1]);
-    
+
     pWal->szPage = szPage;
     pWal->hdr.bigEndCksum = SQLITE_BIGENDIAN;
     pWal->hdr.aFrameCksum[0] = aCksum[0];
@@ -3729,11 +4021,11 @@ int sqlite3WalFrames(
 
     /* Check if this page has already been written into the wal file by
     ** the current transaction. If so, overwrite the existing frame and
-    ** set Wal.writeLock to WAL_WRITELOCK_RECKSUM - indicating that 
+    ** set Wal.writeLock to WAL_WRITELOCK_RECKSUM - indicating that
     ** checksums must be recomputed when the transaction is committed.  */
     if( iFirst && (p->pDirty || isCommit==0) ){
       u32 iWrite = 0;
-      VVA_ONLY(rc =) sqlite3WalFindFrame(pWal, p->pgno, &iWrite);
+      VVA_ONLY(rc =) walFindFrame(pWal, p->pgno, &iWrite);
       assert( rc==SQLITE_OK || iWrite==0 );
       if( iWrite>=iFirst ){
         i64 iOff = walFrameOffset(iWrite, szPage) + WAL_FRAME_HDRSIZE;
@@ -3813,7 +4105,7 @@ int sqlite3WalFrames(
     pWal->truncateOnCommit = 0;
   }
 
-  /* Append data to the wal-index. It is not necessary to lock the 
+  /* Append data to the wal-index. It is not necessary to lock the
   ** wal-index to do this as the SQLITE_SHM_WRITE lock held on the wal-index
   ** guarantees that there are no other writers, and no data that may
   ** be in use by existing readers is being overwritten.
@@ -3853,6 +4145,29 @@ int sqlite3WalFrames(
 }
 
 /* 
+** Write a set of frames to the log. The caller must hold the write-lock
+** on the log file (obtained using sqlite3WalBeginWriteTransaction()).
+**
+** The difference between this function and walFrames() is that this
+** function wraps walFrames() in an SEH_TRY{...} block.
+*/
+int sqlite3WalFrames(
+  Wal *pWal,                      /* Wal handle to write to */
+  int szPage,                     /* Database page-size in bytes */
+  PgHdr *pList,                   /* List of dirty pages to write */
+  Pgno nTruncate,                 /* Database size after this commit */
+  int isCommit,                   /* True if this is a commit */
+  int sync_flags                  /* Flags to pass to OsSync() (or 0) */
+){
+  int rc;
+  SEH_TRY {
+    rc = walFrames(pWal, szPage, pList, nTruncate, isCommit, sync_flags);
+  }
+  SEH_EXCEPT( rc = walHandleException(pWal); )
+  return rc;
+}
+
+/*
 ** This routine is called to implement sqlite3_wal_checkpoint() and
 ** related interfaces.
 **
@@ -3894,7 +4209,7 @@ int sqlite3WalCheckpoint(
   sqlite3WalDb(pWal, db);
   (void)walEnableBlocking(pWal);
 
-  /* IMPLEMENTATION-OF: R-62028-47212 All calls obtain an exclusive 
+  /* IMPLEMENTATION-OF: R-62028-47212 All calls obtain an exclusive
   ** "checkpoint" lock on the database file.
   ** EVIDENCE-OF: R-10421-19736 If any other process is running a
   ** checkpoint operation at the same time, the lock cannot be obtained and
@@ -3931,33 +4246,36 @@ int sqlite3WalCheckpoint(
 
 
   /* Read the wal-index header. */
-  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    walDisableBlocking(pWal);
-    rc = walIndexReadHdr(pWal, &isChanged);
-    (void)walEnableBlocking(pWal);
-    if( isChanged && pWal->pDbFd->pMethods->iVersion>=3 ){
-      sqlite3OsUnfetch(pWal->pDbFd, 0, 0);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* Copy data from the log to the database file. */
-  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-
-    if( pWal->hdr.mxFrame && walPagesize(pWal)!=nBuf ){
-      rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
-    }else{
-      rc = walCheckpoint(pWal, db, eMode2, xBusy2, pBusyArg, sync_flags, zBuf);
+  SEH_TRY {
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      walDisableBlocking(pWal);
+      rc = walIndexReadHdr(pWal, &isChanged);
+      (void)walEnableBlocking(pWal);
+      if( isChanged && pWal->pDbFd->pMethods->iVersion>=3 ){
+        sqlite3OsUnfetch(pWal->pDbFd, 0, 0);
+      }
     }
+  
+    /* Copy data from the log to the database file. */
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      if( pWal->hdr.mxFrame && walPagesize(pWal)!=nBuf ){
+        rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT;
+      }else{
+        rc = walCheckpoint(pWal, db, eMode2, xBusy2, pBusyArg, sync_flags,zBuf);
+      }
 
-    /* If no error occurred, set the output variables. */
-    if( rc==SQLITE_OK || rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
-      if( pnLog ) *pnLog = (int)pWal->hdr.mxFrame;
-      if( pnCkpt ) *pnCkpt = (int)(walCkptInfo(pWal)->nBackfill);
+      /* If no error occurred, set the output variables. */
+      if( rc==SQLITE_OK || rc==SQLITE_BUSY ){
+        if( pnLog ) *pnLog = (int)pWal->hdr.mxFrame;
+        SEH_INJECT_FAULT;
+        if( pnCkpt ) *pnCkpt = (int)(walCkptInfo(pWal)->nBackfill);
+      }
     }
   }
+  SEH_EXCEPT( rc = walHandleException(pWal); )
 
   if( isChanged ){
-    /* If a new wal-index header was loaded before the checkpoint was 
+    /* If a new wal-index header was loaded before the checkpoint was
     ** performed, then the pager-cache associated with pWal is now
     ** out of date. So zero the cached wal-index header to ensure that
     ** next time the pager opens a snapshot on this database it knows that
@@ -4008,7 +4326,7 @@ int sqlite3WalCallback(Wal *pWal){
 ** operation must occur while the pager is still holding the exclusive
 ** lock on the main database file.
 **
-** If op is one, then change from locking_mode=NORMAL into 
+** If op is one, then change from locking_mode=NORMAL into
 ** locking_mode=EXCLUSIVE.  This means that the pWal->readLock must
 ** be released.  Return 1 if the transition is made and 0 if the
 ** WAL is already in exclusive-locking mode - meaning that this
@@ -4025,13 +4343,15 @@ int sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(Wal *pWal, int op){
   assert( pWal->writeLock==0 );
   assert( pWal->exclusiveMode!=WAL_HEAPMEMORY_MODE || op==-1 );
 
-  /* pWal->readLock is usually set, but might be -1 if there was a 
-  ** prior error while attempting to acquire are read-lock. This cannot 
+  /* pWal->readLock is usually set, but might be -1 if there was a
+  ** prior error while attempting to acquire are read-lock. This cannot
   ** happen if the connection is actually in exclusive mode (as no xShmLock
   ** locks are taken in this case). Nor should the pager attempt to
   ** upgrade to exclusive-mode following such an error.
   */
+#ifndef SQLITE_USE_SEH
   assert( pWal->readLock>=0 || pWal->lockError );
+#endif
   assert( pWal->readLock>=0 || (op<=0 && pWal->exclusiveMode==0) );
 
   if( op==0 ){
@@ -4057,10 +4377,10 @@ int sqlite3WalExclusiveMode(Wal *pWal, int op){
   return rc;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Return true if the argument is non-NULL and the WAL module is using
 ** heap-memory for the wal-index. Otherwise, if the argument is NULL or the
-** WAL module is using shared-memory, return false. 
+** WAL module is using shared-memory, return false.
 */
 int sqlite3WalHeapMemory(Wal *pWal){
   return (pWal && pWal->exclusiveMode==WAL_HEAPMEMORY_MODE );
@@ -4096,13 +4416,13 @@ int sqlite3WalSnapshotGet(Wal *pWal, sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot){
 /* Try to open on pSnapshot when the next read-transaction starts
 */
 void sqlite3WalSnapshotOpen(
-  Wal *pWal, 
+  Wal *pWal,
   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
 ){
   pWal->pSnapshot = (WalIndexHdr*)pSnapshot;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Return a +ve value if snapshot p1 is newer than p2. A -ve value if
 ** p1 is older than p2 and zero if p1 and p2 are the same snapshot.
 */
@@ -4122,7 +4442,7 @@ int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(sqlite3_snapshot *p1, sqlite3_snapshot *p2){
 /*
 ** The caller currently has a read transaction open on the database.
 ** This function takes a SHARED lock on the CHECKPOINTER slot and then
-** checks if the snapshot passed as the second argument is still 
+** checks if the snapshot passed as the second argument is still
 ** available. If so, SQLITE_OK is returned.
 **
 ** If the snapshot is not available, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. Or, if
@@ -4132,16 +4452,19 @@ int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(sqlite3_snapshot *p1, sqlite3_snapshot *p2){
 */
 int sqlite3WalSnapshotCheck(Wal *pWal, sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot){
   int rc;
-  rc = walLockShared(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK);
-  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
-    WalIndexHdr *pNew = (WalIndexHdr*)pSnapshot;
-    if( memcmp(pNew->aSalt, pWal->hdr.aSalt, sizeof(pWal->hdr.aSalt))
-     || pNew->mxFrame<walCkptInfo(pWal)->nBackfillAttempted
-    ){
-      rc = SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT;
-      walUnlockShared(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK);
+  SEH_TRY {
+    rc = walLockShared(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK);
+    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+      WalIndexHdr *pNew = (WalIndexHdr*)pSnapshot;
+      if( memcmp(pNew->aSalt, pWal->hdr.aSalt, sizeof(pWal->hdr.aSalt))
+       || pNew->mxFrame<walCkptInfo(pWal)->nBackfillAttempted
+      ){
+        rc = SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT;
+        walUnlockShared(pWal, WAL_CKPT_LOCK);
+      }
     }
   }
+  SEH_EXCEPT( rc = walHandleException(pWal); )
   return rc;
 }
 
diff --git a/sqlite/src/wal.h b/sqlite/src/wal.h
index 02e2bab3..1b17d2df 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/wal.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/wal.h
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 # define sqlite3WalFramesize(z)                  0
 # define sqlite3WalFindFrame(x,y,z)              0
 # define sqlite3WalFile(x)                       0
+# undef SQLITE_USE_SEH
 #else
 
 #define WAL_SAVEPOINT_NDATA 4
@@ -151,5 +152,9 @@ int sqlite3WalWriteLock(Wal *pWal, int bLock);
 void sqlite3WalDb(Wal *pWal, sqlite3 *db);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef SQLITE_USE_SEH
+int sqlite3WalSystemErrno(Wal*);
+#endif
+
 #endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL */
 #endif /* SQLITE_WAL_H */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/walker.c b/sqlite/src/walker.c
index f24c052d..0fe4a1d3 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/walker.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/walker.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static int walkWindowList(Walker *pWalker, Window *pList, int bOneOnly){
 ** The return value from this routine is WRC_Abort to abandon the tree walk
 ** and WRC_Continue to continue.
 */
-static SQLITE_NOINLINE int walkExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
+SQLITE_NOINLINE int sqlite3WalkExprNN(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   int rc;
   testcase( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_TokenOnly) );
   testcase( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_Reduced) );
@@ -70,7 +70,9 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int walkExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
     if( rc ) return rc & WRC_Abort;
     if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr,(EP_TokenOnly|EP_Leaf)) ){
       assert( pExpr->x.pList==0 || pExpr->pRight==0 );
-      if( pExpr->pLeft && walkExpr(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft) ) return WRC_Abort;
+      if( pExpr->pLeft && sqlite3WalkExprNN(pWalker, pExpr->pLeft) ){
+        return WRC_Abort;
+      }
       if( pExpr->pRight ){
         assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_WinFunc) );
         pExpr = pExpr->pRight;
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int walkExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
   return WRC_Continue;
 }
 int sqlite3WalkExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
-  return pExpr ? walkExpr(pWalker,pExpr) : WRC_Continue;
+  return pExpr ? sqlite3WalkExprNN(pWalker,pExpr) : WRC_Continue;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ int sqlite3WalkSelect(Walker *pWalker, Select *p){
 }
 
 /* Increase the walkerDepth when entering a subquery, and
-** descrease when leaving the subquery.
+** decrease when leaving the subquery.
 */
 int sqlite3WalkerDepthIncrease(Walker *pWalker, Select *pSelect){
   UNUSED_PARAMETER(pSelect);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/where.c b/sqlite/src/where.c
index 25405ced..05ae24f7 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/where.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/where.c
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ int sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
 ** be the continuation for the inner-most loop.
 **
 ** It is always safe for this routine to return the continuation of the
-** inner-most loop, in the sense that a correct answer will result.  
+** inner-most loop, in the sense that a correct answer will result. 
 ** Returning the continuation the second inner loop is an optimization
 ** that might make the code run a little faster, but should not change
 ** the final answer.
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ int sqlite3WhereIsOrdered(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
 int sqlite3WhereOrderByLimitOptLabel(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
   WhereLevel *pInner;
   if( !pWInfo->bOrderedInnerLoop ){
-    /* The ORDER BY LIMIT optimization does not apply.  Jump to the 
+    /* The ORDER BY LIMIT optimization does not apply.  Jump to the
     ** continuation of the inner-most loop. */
     return pWInfo->iContinue;
   }
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ int sqlite3WhereBreakLabel(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
 ** operate directly on the rowids returned by a WHERE clause.  Return
 ** ONEPASS_SINGLE (1) if the statement can operation directly because only
 ** a single row is to be changed.  Return ONEPASS_MULTI (2) if the one-pass
-** optimization can be used on multiple 
+** optimization can be used on multiple
 **
 ** If the ONEPASS optimization is used (if this routine returns true)
 ** then also write the indices of open cursors used by ONEPASS
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ static WhereTerm *whereScanInit(
 ** if pIdx!=0 and <op> is one of the WO_xx operator codes specified by
 ** the op parameter.  Return a pointer to the term.  Return 0 if not found.
 **
-** If pIdx!=0 then it must be one of the indexes of table iCur.  
+** If pIdx!=0 then it must be one of the indexes of table iCur. 
 ** Search for terms matching the iColumn-th column of pIdx
 ** rather than the iColumn-th column of table iCur.
 **
@@ -592,17 +592,17 @@ static int isDistinctRedundant(
 ){
   Table *pTab;
   Index *pIdx;
-  int i;                          
+  int i;                         
   int iBase;
 
   /* If there is more than one table or sub-select in the FROM clause of
-  ** this query, then it will not be possible to show that the DISTINCT 
+  ** this query, then it will not be possible to show that the DISTINCT
   ** clause is redundant. */
   if( pTabList->nSrc!=1 ) return 0;
   iBase = pTabList->a[0].iCursor;
   pTab = pTabList->a[0].pTab;
 
-  /* If any of the expressions is an IPK column on table iBase, then return 
+  /* If any of the expressions is an IPK column on table iBase, then return
   ** true. Note: The (p->iTable==iBase) part of this test may be false if the
   ** current SELECT is a correlated sub-query.
   */
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ static LogEst estLog(LogEst N){
 ** Convert OP_Column opcodes to OP_Copy in previously generated code.
 **
 ** This routine runs over generated VDBE code and translates OP_Column
-** opcodes into OP_Copy when the table is being accessed via co-routine 
+** opcodes into OP_Copy when the table is being accessed via co-routine
 ** instead of via table lookup.
 **
 ** If the iAutoidxCur is not zero, then any OP_Rowid instructions on
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ static int constraintCompatibleWithOuterJoin(
   }
   return 1;
 }
- 
+
 
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOMATIC_INDEX
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ static int termCanDriveIndex(
 **
 ** This is only required if sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() is enabled, to
 ** associate an SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE and SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP
-** values with. In order to avoid breaking legacy code and test cases, 
+** values with. In order to avoid breaking legacy code and test cases,
 ** the OP_Explain is not added if this is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN command.
 */
 static void explainAutomaticIndex(
@@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void constructAutomaticIndex(
   }
   sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrTop);
   sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regRecord);
-  
+ 
   /* Jump here when skipping the initialization */
   sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrInit);
   sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExp, addrExp, -1);
@@ -1142,13 +1142,17 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void sqlite3ConstructBloomFilter(
   WhereLoop *pLoop = pLevel->pWLoop;   /* The loop being coded */
   int iCur;                            /* Cursor for table getting the filter */
   IndexedExpr *saved_pIdxEpr;          /* saved copy of Parse.pIdxEpr */
+  IndexedExpr *saved_pIdxPartExpr;     /* saved copy of Parse.pIdxPartExpr */
 
   saved_pIdxEpr = pParse->pIdxEpr;
+  saved_pIdxPartExpr = pParse->pIdxPartExpr;
   pParse->pIdxEpr = 0;
+  pParse->pIdxPartExpr = 0;
 
   assert( pLoop!=0 );
   assert( v!=0 );
   assert( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_BLOOMFILTER );
+  assert( (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_IDX_ONLY)==0 );
 
   addrOnce = sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Once); VdbeCoverage(v);
   do{
@@ -1238,12 +1242,13 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void sqlite3ConstructBloomFilter(
   }while( iLevel < pWInfo->nLevel );
   sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addrOnce);
   pParse->pIdxEpr = saved_pIdxEpr;
+  pParse->pIdxPartExpr = saved_pIdxPartExpr;
 }
 
 
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
 /*
-** Allocate and populate an sqlite3_index_info structure. It is the 
+** Allocate and populate an sqlite3_index_info structure. It is the
 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually release the structure
 ** by passing the pointer returned by this function to freeIndexInfo().
 */
@@ -1268,7 +1273,7 @@ static sqlite3_index_info *allocateIndexInfo(
   const Table *pTab;
   int eDistinct = 0;
   ExprList *pOrderBy = pWInfo->pOrderBy;
- 
+
   assert( pSrc!=0 );
   pTab = pSrc->pTab;
   assert( pTab!=0 );
@@ -1302,7 +1307,7 @@ static sqlite3_index_info *allocateIndexInfo(
     pTerm->wtFlags |= TERM_OK;
   }
 
-  /* If the ORDER BY clause contains only columns in the current 
+  /* If the ORDER BY clause contains only columns in the current
   ** virtual table then allocate space for the aOrderBy part of
   ** the sqlite3_index_info structure.
   */
@@ -1411,7 +1416,7 @@ static sqlite3_index_info *allocateIndexInfo(
       assert( pTerm->eOperator&(WO_IN|WO_EQ|WO_LT|WO_LE|WO_GT|WO_GE|WO_AUX) );
 
       if( op & (WO_LT|WO_LE|WO_GT|WO_GE)
-       && sqlite3ExprIsVector(pTerm->pExpr->pRight) 
+       && sqlite3ExprIsVector(pTerm->pExpr->pRight)
       ){
         testcase( j!=i );
         if( j<16 ) mNoOmit |= (1 << j);
@@ -1513,8 +1518,8 @@ static int vtabBestIndex(Parse *pParse, Table *pTab, sqlite3_index_info *p){
 ** Return the index of the sample that is the smallest sample that
 ** is greater than or equal to pRec. Note that this index is not an index
 ** into the aSample[] array - it is an index into a virtual set of samples
-** based on the contents of aSample[] and the number of fields in record 
-** pRec. 
+** based on the contents of aSample[] and the number of fields in record
+** pRec.
 */
 static int whereKeyStats(
   Parse *pParse,              /* Database connection */
@@ -1539,7 +1544,7 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
   assert( pRec!=0 );
   assert( pIdx->nSample>0 );
   assert( pRec->nField>0 );
- 
+
 
   /* Do a binary search to find the first sample greater than or equal
   ** to pRec. If pRec contains a single field, the set of samples to search
@@ -1551,38 +1556,38 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
   ** consider prefixes of those samples. For example, if the set of samples
   ** in aSample is:
   **
-  **     aSample[0] = (a, 5) 
-  **     aSample[1] = (a, 10) 
-  **     aSample[2] = (b, 5) 
-  **     aSample[3] = (c, 100) 
+  **     aSample[0] = (a, 5)
+  **     aSample[1] = (a, 10)
+  **     aSample[2] = (b, 5)
+  **     aSample[3] = (c, 100)
   **     aSample[4] = (c, 105)
   **
-  ** Then the search space should ideally be the samples above and the 
-  ** unique prefixes [a], [b] and [c]. But since that is hard to organize, 
+  ** Then the search space should ideally be the samples above and the
+  ** unique prefixes [a], [b] and [c]. But since that is hard to organize,
   ** the code actually searches this set:
   **
-  **     0: (a) 
-  **     1: (a, 5) 
-  **     2: (a, 10) 
-  **     3: (a, 10) 
-  **     4: (b) 
-  **     5: (b, 5) 
-  **     6: (c) 
-  **     7: (c, 100) 
+  **     0: (a)
+  **     1: (a, 5)
+  **     2: (a, 10)
+  **     3: (a, 10)
+  **     4: (b)
+  **     5: (b, 5)
+  **     6: (c)
+  **     7: (c, 100)
   **     8: (c, 105)
   **     9: (c, 105)
   **
   ** For each sample in the aSample[] array, N samples are present in the
-  ** effective sample array. In the above, samples 0 and 1 are based on 
+  ** effective sample array. In the above, samples 0 and 1 are based on
   ** sample aSample[0]. Samples 2 and 3 on aSample[1] etc.
   **
   ** Often, sample i of each block of N effective samples has (i+1) fields.
   ** Except, each sample may be extended to ensure that it is greater than or
-  ** equal to the previous sample in the array. For example, in the above, 
-  ** sample 2 is the first sample of a block of N samples, so at first it 
-  ** appears that it should be 1 field in size. However, that would make it 
-  ** smaller than sample 1, so the binary search would not work. As a result, 
-  ** it is extended to two fields. The duplicates that this creates do not 
+  ** equal to the previous sample in the array. For example, in the above,
+  ** sample 2 is the first sample of a block of N samples, so at first it
+  ** appears that it should be 1 field in size. However, that would make it
+  ** smaller than sample 1, so the binary search would not work. As a result,
+  ** it is extended to two fields. The duplicates that this creates do not
   ** cause any problems.
   */
   if( !HasRowid(pIdx->pTable) && IsPrimaryKeyIndex(pIdx) ){
@@ -1601,7 +1606,7 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
     iSamp = iTest / nField;
     if( iSamp>0 ){
       /* The proposed effective sample is a prefix of sample aSample[iSamp].
-      ** Specifically, the shortest prefix of at least (1 + iTest%nField) 
+      ** Specifically, the shortest prefix of at least (1 + iTest%nField)
       ** fields that is greater than the previous effective sample.  */
       for(n=(iTest % nField) + 1; n<nField; n++){
         if( aSample[iSamp-1].anLt[n-1]!=aSample[iSamp].anLt[n-1] ) break;
@@ -1636,8 +1641,8 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
       assert( i<pIdx->nSample );
       assert( iCol==nField-1 );
       pRec->nField = nField;
-      assert( 0==sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(aSample[i].n, aSample[i].p, pRec) 
-           || pParse->db->mallocFailed 
+      assert( 0==sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(aSample[i].n, aSample[i].p, pRec)
+           || pParse->db->mallocFailed
       );
     }else{
       /* Unless i==pIdx->nSample, indicating that pRec is larger than
@@ -1645,7 +1650,7 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
       ** (iCol+1) field prefix of sample i.  */
       assert( i<=pIdx->nSample && i>=0 );
       pRec->nField = iCol+1;
-      assert( i==pIdx->nSample 
+      assert( i==pIdx->nSample
            || sqlite3VdbeRecordCompare(aSample[i].n, aSample[i].p, pRec)>0
            || pParse->db->mallocFailed );
 
@@ -1673,7 +1678,7 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
     aStat[0] = aSample[i].anLt[iCol];
     aStat[1] = aSample[i].anEq[iCol];
   }else{
-    /* At this point, the (iCol+1) field prefix of aSample[i] is the first 
+    /* At this point, the (iCol+1) field prefix of aSample[i] is the first
     ** sample that is greater than pRec. Or, if i==pIdx->nSample then pRec
     ** is larger than all samples in the array. */
     tRowcnt iUpper, iGap;
@@ -1705,7 +1710,7 @@ static int whereKeyStats(
 
 /*
 ** If it is not NULL, pTerm is a term that provides an upper or lower
-** bound on a range scan. Without considering pTerm, it is estimated 
+** bound on a range scan. Without considering pTerm, it is estimated
 ** that the scan will visit nNew rows. This function returns the number
 ** estimated to be visited after taking pTerm into account.
 **
@@ -1743,18 +1748,18 @@ char sqlite3IndexColumnAffinity(sqlite3 *db, Index *pIdx, int iCol){
 
 
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
-/* 
+/*
 ** This function is called to estimate the number of rows visited by a
 ** range-scan on a skip-scan index. For example:
 **
 **   CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(a, b, c);
 **   SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=? AND c BETWEEN ? AND ?;
 **
-** Value pLoop->nOut is currently set to the estimated number of rows 
-** visited for scanning (a=? AND b=?). This function reduces that estimate 
+** Value pLoop->nOut is currently set to the estimated number of rows
+** visited for scanning (a=? AND b=?). This function reduces that estimate
 ** by some factor to account for the (c BETWEEN ? AND ?) expression based
-** on the stat4 data for the index. this scan will be peformed multiple 
-** times (once for each (a,b) combination that matches a=?) is dealt with 
+** on the stat4 data for the index. this scan will be performed multiple
+** times (once for each (a,b) combination that matches a=?) is dealt with
 ** by the caller.
 **
 ** It does this by scanning through all stat4 samples, comparing values
@@ -1775,7 +1780,7 @@ char sqlite3IndexColumnAffinity(sqlite3 *db, Index *pIdx, int iCol){
 ** estimate of the number of rows delivered remains unchanged), *pbDone
 ** is left as is.
 **
-** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Otherwise, 
+** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Otherwise,
 ** SQLITE_OK.
 */
 static int whereRangeSkipScanEst(
@@ -1793,7 +1798,7 @@ static int whereRangeSkipScanEst(
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   u8 aff = sqlite3IndexColumnAffinity(db, p, nEq);
   CollSeq *pColl;
-  
+ 
   sqlite3_value *p1 = 0;          /* Value extracted from pLower */
   sqlite3_value *p2 = 0;          /* Value extracted from pUpper */
   sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;        /* Value extracted from record */
@@ -1825,7 +1830,7 @@ static int whereRangeSkipScanEst(
     nDiff = (nUpper - nLower);
     if( nDiff<=0 ) nDiff = 1;
 
-    /* If there is both an upper and lower bound specified, and the 
+    /* If there is both an upper and lower bound specified, and the
     ** comparisons indicate that they are close together, use the fallback
     ** method (assume that the scan visits 1/64 of the rows) for estimating
     ** the number of rows visited. Otherwise, estimate the number of rows
@@ -1872,7 +1877,7 @@ static int whereRangeSkipScanEst(
 **
 **   ... FROM t1 WHERE a = ? AND b > ? AND b < ? ...
 **
-** then nEq is set to 1 (as the range restricted column, b, is the second 
+** then nEq is set to 1 (as the range restricted column, b, is the second
 ** left-most column of the index). Or, if the query is:
 **
 **   ... FROM t1 WHERE a > ? AND a < ? ...
@@ -1880,13 +1885,13 @@ static int whereRangeSkipScanEst(
 ** then nEq is set to 0.
 **
 ** When this function is called, *pnOut is set to the sqlite3LogEst() of the
-** number of rows that the index scan is expected to visit without 
-** considering the range constraints. If nEq is 0, then *pnOut is the number of 
+** number of rows that the index scan is expected to visit without
+** considering the range constraints. If nEq is 0, then *pnOut is the number of
 ** rows in the index. Assuming no error occurs, *pnOut is adjusted (reduced)
 ** to account for the range constraints pLower and pUpper.
-** 
+**
 ** In the absence of sqlite_stat4 ANALYZE data, or if such data cannot be
-** used, a single range inequality reduces the search space by a factor of 4. 
+** used, a single range inequality reduces the search space by a factor of 4.
 ** and a pair of constraints (x>? AND x<?) reduces the expected number of
 ** rows visited by a factor of 64.
 */
@@ -1914,7 +1919,7 @@ static int whereRangeScanEst(
       int nBtm = pLoop->u.btree.nBtm;
       int nTop = pLoop->u.btree.nTop;
 
-      /* Variable iLower will be set to the estimate of the number of rows in 
+      /* Variable iLower will be set to the estimate of the number of rows in
       ** the index that are less than the lower bound of the range query. The
       ** lower bound being the concatenation of $P and $L, where $P is the
       ** key-prefix formed by the nEq values matched against the nEq left-most
@@ -1923,7 +1928,7 @@ static int whereRangeScanEst(
       ** Or, if pLower is NULL or $L cannot be extracted from it (because it
       ** is not a simple variable or literal value), the lower bound of the
       ** range is $P. Due to a quirk in the way whereKeyStats() works, even
-      ** if $L is available, whereKeyStats() is called for both ($P) and 
+      ** if $L is available, whereKeyStats() is called for both ($P) and
       ** ($P:$L) and the larger of the two returned values is used.
       **
       ** Similarly, iUpper is to be set to the estimate of the number of rows
@@ -1947,7 +1952,7 @@ static int whereRangeScanEst(
         iLower = 0;
         iUpper = p->nRowEst0;
       }else{
-        /* Note: this call could be optimized away - since the same values must 
+        /* Note: this call could be optimized away - since the same values must
         ** have been requested when testing key $P in whereEqualScanEst().  */
         whereKeyStats(pParse, p, pRec, 0, a);
         iLower = a[0];
@@ -2035,7 +2040,7 @@ static int whereRangeScanEst(
   ** reduced by an additional 75%. This means that, by default, an open-ended
   ** range query (e.g. col > ?) is assumed to match 1/4 of the rows in the
   ** index. While a closed range (e.g. col BETWEEN ? AND ?) is estimated to
-  ** match 1/64 of the index. */ 
+  ** match 1/64 of the index. */
   if( pLower && pLower->truthProb>0 && pUpper && pUpper->truthProb>0 ){
     nNew -= 20;
   }
@@ -2062,7 +2067,7 @@ static int whereRangeScanEst(
 ** for that index.  When pExpr==NULL that means the constraint is
 ** "x IS NULL" instead of "x=VALUE".
 **
-** Write the estimated row count into *pnRow and return SQLITE_OK. 
+** Write the estimated row count into *pnRow and return SQLITE_OK.
 ** If unable to make an estimate, leave *pnRow unchanged and return
 ** non-zero.
 **
@@ -2113,7 +2118,7 @@ static int whereEqualScanEst(
   WHERETRACE(0x20,("equality scan regions %s(%d): %d\n",
                    p->zName, nEq-1, (int)a[1]));
   *pnRow = a[1];
-  
+ 
   return rc;
 }
 #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4 */
@@ -2126,7 +2131,7 @@ static int whereEqualScanEst(
 **
 **        WHERE x IN (1,2,3,4)
 **
-** Write the estimated row count into *pnRow and return SQLITE_OK. 
+** Write the estimated row count into *pnRow and return SQLITE_OK.
 ** If unable to make an estimate, leave *pnRow unchanged and return
 ** non-zero.
 **
@@ -2188,7 +2193,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereTermPrint(WhereTerm *pTerm, int iTerm){
       sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLeft),zLeft,"left={%d:%d}",
                        pTerm->leftCursor, pTerm->u.x.leftColumn);
     }else if( (pTerm->eOperator & WO_OR)!=0 && pTerm->u.pOrInfo!=0 ){
-      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLeft),zLeft,"indexable=0x%llx", 
+      sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLeft),zLeft,"indexable=0x%llx",
                        pTerm->u.pOrInfo->indexable);
     }else{
       sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zLeft),zLeft,"left=%d", pTerm->leftCursor);
@@ -2390,7 +2395,7 @@ static void whereInfoFree(sqlite3 *db, WhereInfo *pWInfo){
 /*
 ** Return TRUE if all of the following are true:
 **
-**   (1)  X has the same or lower cost, or returns the same or fewer rows, 
+**   (1)  X has the same or lower cost, or returns the same or fewer rows,
 **        than Y.
 **   (2)  X uses fewer WHERE clause terms than Y
 **   (3)  Every WHERE clause term used by X is also used by Y
@@ -2399,7 +2404,7 @@ static void whereInfoFree(sqlite3 *db, WhereInfo *pWInfo){
 **
 ** Conditions (2) and (3) mean that X is a "proper subset" of Y.
 ** If X is a proper subset of Y then Y is a better choice and ought
-** to have a lower cost.  This routine returns TRUE when that cost 
+** to have a lower cost.  This routine returns TRUE when that cost
 ** relationship is inverted and needs to be adjusted.  Constraint (4)
 ** was added because if X uses skip-scan less than Y it still might
 ** deserve a lower cost even if it is a proper subset of Y.  Constraint (5)
@@ -2423,7 +2428,7 @@ static int whereLoopCheaperProperSubset(
     }
     if( j<0 ) return 0;  /* X not a subset of Y since term X[i] not used by Y */
   }
-  if( (pX->wsFlags&WHERE_IDX_ONLY)!=0 
+  if( (pX->wsFlags&WHERE_IDX_ONLY)!=0
    && (pY->wsFlags&WHERE_IDX_ONLY)==0 ){
     return 0;  /* Constraint (5) */
   }
@@ -2450,10 +2455,10 @@ static void whereLoopAdjustCost(const WhereLoop *p, WhereLoop *pTemplate){
     if( p->iTab!=pTemplate->iTab ) continue;
     if( (p->wsFlags & WHERE_INDEXED)==0 ) continue;
     if( whereLoopCheaperProperSubset(p, pTemplate) ){
-      /* Adjust pTemplate cost downward so that it is cheaper than its 
+      /* Adjust pTemplate cost downward so that it is cheaper than its
       ** subset p. */
       WHERETRACE(0x80,("subset cost adjustment %d,%d to %d,%d\n",
-                       pTemplate->rRun, pTemplate->nOut, 
+                       pTemplate->rRun, pTemplate->nOut,
                        MIN(p->rRun, pTemplate->rRun),
                        MIN(p->nOut - 1, pTemplate->nOut)));
       pTemplate->rRun = MIN(p->rRun, pTemplate->rRun);
@@ -2462,7 +2467,7 @@ static void whereLoopAdjustCost(const WhereLoop *p, WhereLoop *pTemplate){
       /* Adjust pTemplate cost upward so that it is costlier than p since
       ** pTemplate is a proper subset of p */
       WHERETRACE(0x80,("subset cost adjustment %d,%d to %d,%d\n",
-                       pTemplate->rRun, pTemplate->nOut, 
+                       pTemplate->rRun, pTemplate->nOut,
                        MAX(p->rRun, pTemplate->rRun),
                        MAX(p->nOut + 1, pTemplate->nOut)));
       pTemplate->rRun = MAX(p->rRun, pTemplate->rRun);
@@ -2500,7 +2505,7 @@ static WhereLoop **whereLoopFindLesser(
     /* In the current implementation, the rSetup value is either zero
     ** or the cost of building an automatic index (NlogN) and the NlogN
     ** is the same for compatible WhereLoops. */
-    assert( p->rSetup==0 || pTemplate->rSetup==0 
+    assert( p->rSetup==0 || pTemplate->rSetup==0
                  || p->rSetup==pTemplate->rSetup );
 
     /* whereLoopAddBtree() always generates and inserts the automatic index
@@ -2508,7 +2513,7 @@ static WhereLoop **whereLoopFindLesser(
     ** rSetup. Call this SETUP-INVARIANT */
     assert( p->rSetup>=pTemplate->rSetup );
 
-    /* Any loop using an appliation-defined index (or PRIMARY KEY or
+    /* Any loop using an application-defined index (or PRIMARY KEY or
     ** UNIQUE constraint) with one or more == constraints is better
     ** than an automatic index. Unless it is a skip-scan. */
     if( (p->wsFlags & WHERE_AUTO_INDEX)!=0
@@ -2535,7 +2540,7 @@ static WhereLoop **whereLoopFindLesser(
 
     /* If pTemplate is always better than p, then cause p to be overwritten
     ** with pTemplate.  pTemplate is better than p if:
-    **   (1)  pTemplate has no more dependences than p, and
+    **   (1)  pTemplate has no more dependencies than p, and
     **   (2)  pTemplate has an equal or lower cost than p.
     */
     if( (p->prereq & pTemplate->prereq)==pTemplate->prereq   /* (1)  */
@@ -2565,7 +2570,7 @@ static WhereLoop **whereLoopFindLesser(
 **
 ** When accumulating multiple loops (when pBuilder->pOrSet is NULL) we
 ** still might overwrite similar loops with the new template if the
-** new template is better.  Loops may be overwritten if the following 
+** new template is better.  Loops may be overwritten if the following
 ** conditions are met:
 **
 **    (1)  They have the same iTab.
@@ -2623,7 +2628,7 @@ static int whereLoopInsert(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder, WhereLoop *pTemplate){
       sqlite3WhereLoopPrint(pTemplate, pBuilder->pWC);
     }
 #endif
-    return SQLITE_OK;  
+    return SQLITE_OK; 
   }else{
     p = *ppPrev;
   }
@@ -2653,7 +2658,7 @@ static int whereLoopInsert(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder, WhereLoop *pTemplate){
   }else{
     /* We will be overwriting WhereLoop p[].  But before we do, first
     ** go through the rest of the list and delete any other entries besides
-    ** p[] that are also supplated by pTemplate */
+    ** p[] that are also supplanted by pTemplate */
     WhereLoop **ppTail = &p->pNextLoop;
     WhereLoop *pToDel;
     while( *ppTail ){
@@ -2783,7 +2788,7 @@ static void whereLoopOutputAdjust(
   }
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Term pTerm is a vector range comparison operation. The first comparison
 ** in the vector can be optimized using column nEq of the index. This
 ** function returns the total number of vector elements that can be used
@@ -2812,7 +2817,7 @@ static int whereRangeVectorLen(
 
   nCmp = MIN(nCmp, (pIdx->nColumn - nEq));
   for(i=1; i<nCmp; i++){
-    /* Test if comparison i of pTerm is compatible with column (i+nEq) 
+    /* Test if comparison i of pTerm is compatible with column (i+nEq)
     ** of the index. If not, exit the loop.  */
     char aff;                     /* Comparison affinity */
     char idxaff = 0;              /* Indexed columns affinity */
@@ -2832,9 +2837,9 @@ static int whereRangeVectorLen(
     ** the right column of the right source table. And that the sort
     ** order of the index column is the same as the sort order of the
     ** leftmost index column.  */
-    if( pLhs->op!=TK_COLUMN 
-     || pLhs->iTable!=iCur 
-     || pLhs->iColumn!=pIdx->aiColumn[i+nEq] 
+    if( pLhs->op!=TK_COLUMN
+     || pLhs->iTable!=iCur
+     || pLhs->iColumn!=pIdx->aiColumn[i+nEq]
      || pIdx->aSortOrder[i+nEq]!=pIdx->aSortOrder[nEq]
     ){
       break;
@@ -2853,7 +2858,7 @@ static int whereRangeVectorLen(
 }
 
 /*
-** Adjust the cost C by the costMult facter T.  This only occurs if
+** Adjust the cost C by the costMult factor T.  This only occurs if
 ** compiled with -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
 */
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COSTMULT
@@ -2863,15 +2868,15 @@ static int whereRangeVectorLen(
 #endif
 
 /*
-** We have so far matched pBuilder->pNew->u.btree.nEq terms of the 
+** We have so far matched pBuilder->pNew->u.btree.nEq terms of the
 ** index pIndex. Try to match one more.
 **
-** When this function is called, pBuilder->pNew->nOut contains the 
-** number of rows expected to be visited by filtering using the nEq 
-** terms only. If it is modified, this value is restored before this 
+** When this function is called, pBuilder->pNew->nOut contains the
+** number of rows expected to be visited by filtering using the nEq
+** terms only. If it is modified, this value is restored before this
 ** function returns.
 **
-** If pProbe->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_IPK, that means pIndex is 
+** If pProbe->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_IPK, that means pIndex is
 ** a fake index used for the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY.
 */
 static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
@@ -2880,7 +2885,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
   Index *pProbe,                  /* An index on pSrc */
   LogEst nInMul                   /* log(Number of iterations due to IN) */
 ){
-  WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;  /* WHERE analyse context */
+  WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;  /* WHERE analyze context */
   Parse *pParse = pWInfo->pParse;        /* Parsing context */
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;       /* Database connection malloc context */
   WhereLoop *pNew;                /* Template WhereLoop under construction */
@@ -2979,9 +2984,9 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
     pNew->prereq = (saved_prereq | pTerm->prereqRight) & ~pNew->maskSelf;
 
     assert( nInMul==0
-        || (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_COLUMN_NULL)!=0 
-        || (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_COLUMN_IN)!=0 
-        || (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_SKIPSCAN)!=0 
+        || (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_COLUMN_NULL)!=0
+        || (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_COLUMN_IN)!=0
+        || (pNew->wsFlags & WHERE_SKIPSCAN)!=0
     );
 
     if( eOp & WO_IN ){
@@ -3008,7 +3013,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
         /* Let:
         **   N = the total number of rows in the table
         **   K = the number of entries on the RHS of the IN operator
-        **   M = the number of rows in the table that match terms to the 
+        **   M = the number of rows in the table that match terms to the
         **       to the left in the same index.  If the IN operator is on
         **       the left-most index column, M==N.
         **
@@ -3053,11 +3058,11 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
       int iCol = pProbe->aiColumn[saved_nEq];
       pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_COLUMN_EQ;
       assert( saved_nEq==pNew->u.btree.nEq );
-      if( iCol==XN_ROWID 
+      if( iCol==XN_ROWID
        || (iCol>=0 && nInMul==0 && saved_nEq==pProbe->nKeyCol-1)
       ){
-        if( iCol==XN_ROWID || pProbe->uniqNotNull 
-         || (pProbe->nKeyCol==1 && pProbe->onError && eOp==WO_EQ) 
+        if( iCol==XN_ROWID || pProbe->uniqNotNull
+         || (pProbe->nKeyCol==1 && pProbe->onError && eOp==WO_EQ)
         ){
           pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_ONEROW;
         }else{
@@ -3104,7 +3109,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
 
     /* At this point pNew->nOut is set to the number of rows expected to
     ** be visited by the index scan before considering term pTerm, or the
-    ** values of nIn and nInMul. In other words, assuming that all 
+    ** values of nIn and nInMul. In other words, assuming that all
     ** "x IN(...)" terms are replaced with "x = ?". This block updates
     ** the value of pNew->nOut to account for pTerm (but not nIn/nInMul).  */
     assert( pNew->nOut==saved_nOut );
@@ -3125,8 +3130,8 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
       }else{
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
         tRowcnt nOut = 0;
-        if( nInMul==0 
-         && pProbe->nSample 
+        if( nInMul==0
+         && pProbe->nSample
          && ALWAYS(pNew->u.btree.nEq<=pProbe->nSampleCol)
          && ((eOp & WO_IN)==0 || ExprUseXList(pTerm->pExpr))
          && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_Stat4)
@@ -3174,8 +3179,8 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
         {
           pNew->nOut += (pProbe->aiRowLogEst[nEq] - pProbe->aiRowLogEst[nEq-1]);
           if( eOp & WO_ISNULL ){
-            /* TUNING: If there is no likelihood() value, assume that a 
-            ** "col IS NULL" expression matches twice as many rows 
+            /* TUNING: If there is no likelihood() value, assume that a
+            ** "col IS NULL" expression matches twice as many rows
             ** as (col=?). */
             pNew->nOut += 10;
           }
@@ -3190,7 +3195,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
     assert( pSrc->pTab->szTabRow>0 );
     if( pProbe->idxType==SQLITE_IDXTYPE_IPK ){
       /* The pProbe->szIdxRow is low for an IPK table since the interior
-      ** pages are small.  Thuse szIdxRow gives a good estimate of seek cost.
+      ** pages are small.  Thus szIdxRow gives a good estimate of seek cost.
       ** But the leaf pages are full-size, so pProbe->szIdxRow would badly
       ** under-estimate the scanning cost. */
       rCostIdx = pNew->nOut + 16;
@@ -3241,12 +3246,12 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtreeIndex(
 
   /* Consider using a skip-scan if there are no WHERE clause constraints
   ** available for the left-most terms of the index, and if the average
-  ** number of repeats in the left-most terms is at least 18. 
+  ** number of repeats in the left-most terms is at least 18.
   **
   ** The magic number 18 is selected on the basis that scanning 17 rows
   ** is almost always quicker than an index seek (even though if the index
   ** contains fewer than 2^17 rows we assume otherwise in other parts of
-  ** the code). And, even if it is not, it should not be too much slower. 
+  ** the code). And, even if it is not, it should not be too much slower.
   ** On the other hand, the extra seeks could end up being significantly
   ** more expensive.  */
   assert( 42==sqlite3LogEst(18) );
@@ -3393,7 +3398,7 @@ struct CoveringIndexCheck {
 ** all columns less than 63 (really BMS-1) are covered, so we don't need
 ** to check them.  But we do need to check any column at 63 or greater.
 **
-** If the index does not cover the column, then set pWalk->eCode to 
+** If the index does not cover the column, then set pWalk->eCode to
 ** non-zero and return WRC_Abort to stop the search.
 **
 ** If this node does not disprove that the index can be a covering index,
@@ -3497,6 +3502,100 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE u32 whereIsCoveringIndex(
   return rc;
 }
 
+/*
+** This is an sqlite3ParserAddCleanup() callback that is invoked to
+** free the Parse->pIdxEpr list when the Parse object is destroyed.
+*/
+static void whereIndexedExprCleanup(sqlite3 *db, void *pObject){
+  IndexedExpr **pp = (IndexedExpr**)pObject;
+  while( *pp!=0 ){
+    IndexedExpr *p = *pp;
+    *pp = p->pIENext;
+    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pExpr);
+    sqlite3DbFreeNN(db, p);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** This function is called for a partial index - one with a WHERE clause - in 
+** two scenarios. In both cases, it determines whether or not the WHERE 
+** clause on the index implies that a column of the table may be safely
+** replaced by a constant expression. For example, in the following 
+** SELECT:
+**
+**   CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(b, c) WHERE a=<expr>;
+**   SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE a=<expr> AND b=?;
+**
+** The "a" in the select-list may be replaced by <expr>, iff:
+**
+**    (a) <expr> is a constant expression, and
+**    (b) The (a=<expr>) comparison uses the BINARY collation sequence, and
+**    (c) Column "a" has an affinity other than NONE or BLOB.
+**
+** If argument pItem is NULL, then pMask must not be NULL. In this case this 
+** function is being called as part of determining whether or not pIdx
+** is a covering index. This function clears any bits in (*pMask) 
+** corresponding to columns that may be replaced by constants as described
+** above.
+**
+** Otherwise, if pItem is not NULL, then this function is being called
+** as part of coding a loop that uses index pIdx. In this case, add entries
+** to the Parse.pIdxPartExpr list for each column that can be replaced
+** by a constant.
+*/
+static void wherePartIdxExpr(
+  Parse *pParse,                  /* Parse context */
+  Index *pIdx,                    /* Partial index being processed */
+  Expr *pPart,                    /* WHERE clause being processed */
+  Bitmask *pMask,                 /* Mask to clear bits in */
+  int iIdxCur,                    /* Cursor number for index */
+  SrcItem *pItem                  /* The FROM clause entry for the table */
+){
+  assert( pItem==0 || (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT)==0 );
+  assert( (pItem==0 || pMask==0) && (pMask!=0 || pItem!=0) );
+
+  if( pPart->op==TK_AND ){
+    wherePartIdxExpr(pParse, pIdx, pPart->pRight, pMask, iIdxCur, pItem);
+    pPart = pPart->pLeft;
+  }
+
+  if( (pPart->op==TK_EQ || pPart->op==TK_IS) ){
+    Expr *pLeft = pPart->pLeft;
+    Expr *pRight = pPart->pRight;
+    u8 aff;
+
+    if( pLeft->op!=TK_COLUMN ) return;
+    if( !sqlite3ExprIsConstant(pRight) ) return;
+    if( !sqlite3IsBinary(sqlite3ExprCompareCollSeq(pParse, pPart)) ) return;
+    if( pLeft->iColumn<0 ) return;
+    aff = pIdx->pTable->aCol[pLeft->iColumn].affinity;
+    if( aff>=SQLITE_AFF_TEXT ){
+      if( pItem ){
+        sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
+        IndexedExpr *p = (IndexedExpr*)sqlite3DbMallocRaw(db, sizeof(*p));
+        if( p ){
+          int bNullRow = (pItem->fg.jointype&(JT_LEFT|JT_LTORJ))!=0;
+          p->pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pRight, 0);
+          p->iDataCur = pItem->iCursor;
+          p->iIdxCur = iIdxCur;
+          p->iIdxCol = pLeft->iColumn;
+          p->bMaybeNullRow = bNullRow;
+          p->pIENext = pParse->pIdxPartExpr;
+          p->aff = aff;
+          pParse->pIdxPartExpr = p;
+          if( p->pIENext==0 ){
+            void *pArg = (void*)&pParse->pIdxPartExpr;
+            sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, whereIndexedExprCleanup, pArg);
+          }
+        }
+      }else if( pLeft->iColumn<(BMS-1) ){
+        *pMask &= ~((Bitmask)1 << pLeft->iColumn);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Add all WhereLoop objects for a single table of the join where the table
 ** is identified by pBuilder->pNew->iTab.  That table is guaranteed to be
@@ -3511,18 +3610,18 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE u32 whereIsCoveringIndex(
 **     cost = nRow * K                      // scan of covering index
 **     cost = nRow * (K+3.0)                // scan of non-covering index
 **
-** where K is a value between 1.1 and 3.0 set based on the relative 
+** where K is a value between 1.1 and 3.0 set based on the relative
 ** estimated average size of the index and table records.
 **
 ** For an index scan, where nVisit is the number of index rows visited
-** by the scan, and nSeek is the number of seek operations required on 
+** by the scan, and nSeek is the number of seek operations required on
 ** the index b-tree:
 **
 **     cost = nSeek * (log(nRow) + K * nVisit)          // covering index
 **     cost = nSeek * (log(nRow) + (K+3.0) * nVisit)    // non-covering index
 **
-** Normally, nSeek is 1. nSeek values greater than 1 come about if the 
-** WHERE clause includes "x IN (....)" terms used in place of "x=?". Or when 
+** Normally, nSeek is 1. nSeek values greater than 1 come about if the
+** WHERE clause includes "x IN (....)" terms used in place of "x=?". Or when
 ** implicit "x IN (SELECT x FROM tbl)" terms are added for skip-scans.
 **
 ** The estimated values (nRow, nVisit, nSeek) often contain a large amount
@@ -3535,7 +3634,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE u32 whereIsCoveringIndex(
 */
 static int whereLoopAddBtree(
   WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder, /* WHERE clause information */
-  Bitmask mPrereq             /* Extra prerequesites for using this table */
+  Bitmask mPrereq             /* Extra prerequisites for using this table */
 ){
   WhereInfo *pWInfo;          /* WHERE analysis context */
   Index *pProbe;              /* An index we are evaluating */
@@ -3551,7 +3650,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtree(
   LogEst rSize;               /* number of rows in the table */
   WhereClause *pWC;           /* The parsed WHERE clause */
   Table *pTab;                /* Table being queried */
-  
+ 
   pNew = pBuilder->pNew;
   pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;
   pTabList = pWInfo->pTabList;
@@ -3649,9 +3748,9 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtree(
   }
 #endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOMATIC_INDEX */
 
-  /* Loop over all indices. If there was an INDEXED BY clause, then only 
+  /* Loop over all indices. If there was an INDEXED BY clause, then only
   ** consider index pProbe.  */
-  for(; rc==SQLITE_OK && pProbe; 
+  for(; rc==SQLITE_OK && pProbe;
       pProbe=(pSrc->fg.isIndexedBy ? 0 : pProbe->pNext), iSortIdx++
   ){
     if( pProbe->pPartIdxWhere!=0
@@ -3700,9 +3799,6 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtree(
 #else
       pNew->rRun = rSize + 16;
 #endif
-      if( IsView(pTab) || (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Ephemeral)!=0 ){
-        pNew->wsFlags |= WHERE_VIEWSCAN;
-      }
       ApplyCostMultiplier(pNew->rRun, pTab->costMult);
       whereLoopOutputAdjust(pWC, pNew, rSize);
       rc = whereLoopInsert(pBuilder, pNew);
@@ -3715,6 +3811,11 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtree(
         pNew->wsFlags = WHERE_IDX_ONLY | WHERE_INDEXED;
       }else{
         m = pSrc->colUsed & pProbe->colNotIdxed;
+        if( pProbe->pPartIdxWhere ){
+          wherePartIdxExpr(
+              pWInfo->pParse, pProbe, pProbe->pPartIdxWhere, &m, 0, 0
+          );
+        }
         pNew->wsFlags = WHERE_INDEXED;
         if( m==TOPBIT || (pProbe->bHasExpr && !pProbe->bHasVCol && m!=0) ){
           u32 isCov = whereIsCoveringIndex(pWInfo, pProbe, pSrc->iCursor);
@@ -3788,7 +3889,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtree(
               if( pTerm->eOperator & (WO_EQ|WO_IS) ) nLookup -= 19;
             }
           }
-          
+         
           pNew->rRun = sqlite3LogEstAdd(pNew->rRun, nLookup);
         }
         ApplyCostMultiplier(pNew->rRun, pTab->costMult);
@@ -3831,7 +3932,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddBtree(
 */
 static int isLimitTerm(WhereTerm *pTerm){
   assert( pTerm->eOperator==WO_AUX || pTerm->eMatchOp==0 );
-  return pTerm->eMatchOp>=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT 
+  return pTerm->eMatchOp>=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT
       && pTerm->eMatchOp<=SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET;
 }
 
@@ -3881,13 +3982,13 @@ static int whereLoopAddVirtualOne(
   *pbIn = 0;
   pNew->prereq = mPrereq;
 
-  /* Set the usable flag on the subset of constraints identified by 
+  /* Set the usable flag on the subset of constraints identified by
   ** arguments mUsable and mExclude. */
   pIdxCons = *(struct sqlite3_index_constraint**)&pIdxInfo->aConstraint;
   for(i=0; i<nConstraint; i++, pIdxCons++){
     WhereTerm *pTerm = &pWC->a[pIdxCons->iTermOffset];
     pIdxCons->usable = 0;
-    if( (pTerm->prereqRight & mUsable)==pTerm->prereqRight 
+    if( (pTerm->prereqRight & mUsable)==pTerm->prereqRight
      && (pTerm->eOperator & mExclude)==0
      && (pbRetryLimit || !isLimitTerm(pTerm))
     ){
@@ -3962,7 +4063,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddVirtualOne(
           pNew->u.vtab.bOmitOffset = 1;
         }
       }
-      if( SMASKBIT32(i) & pHidden->mHandleIn ){ 
+      if( SMASKBIT32(i) & pHidden->mHandleIn ){
         pNew->u.vtab.mHandleIn |= MASKBIT32(iTerm);
       }else if( (pTerm->eOperator & WO_IN)!=0 ){
         /* A virtual table that is constrained by an IN clause may not
@@ -4042,7 +4143,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddVirtualOne(
 **
 ** Return a pointer to the collation name:
 **
-**    1. If there is an explicit COLLATE operator on the constaint, return it.
+**    1. If there is an explicit COLLATE operator on the constraint, return it.
 **
 **    2. Else, if the column has an alternative collation, return that.
 **
@@ -4072,7 +4173,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_in(sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo, int iCons, int bHandle){
   HiddenIndexInfo *pHidden = (HiddenIndexInfo*)&pIdxInfo[1];
   u32 m = SMASKBIT32(iCons);
   if( m & pHidden->mIn ){
-    if( bHandle==0 ){ 
+    if( bHandle==0 ){
       pHidden->mHandleIn &= ~m;
     }else if( bHandle>0 ){
       pHidden->mHandleIn |= m;
@@ -4085,7 +4186,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_in(sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo, int iCons, int bHandle){
 /*
 ** This interface is callable from within the xBestIndex callback only.
 **
-** If possible, set (*ppVal) to point to an object containing the value 
+** If possible, set (*ppVal) to point to an object containing the value
 ** on the right-hand-side of constraint iCons.
 */
 int sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(
@@ -4097,7 +4198,7 @@ int sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(
   sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;
   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
   if( iCons<0 || iCons>=pIdxInfo->nConstraint ){
-    rc = SQLITE_MISUSE; /* EV: R-30545-25046 */
+    rc = SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT; /* EV: R-30545-25046 */
   }else{
     if( pH->aRhs[iCons]==0 ){
       WhereTerm *pTerm = &pH->pWC->a[pIdxInfo->aConstraint[iCons].iTermOffset];
@@ -4158,8 +4259,8 @@ void sqlite3VtabUsesAllSchemas(Parse *pParse){
 ** entries that occur before the virtual table in the FROM clause and are
 ** separated from it by at least one LEFT or CROSS JOIN. Similarly, the
 ** mUnusable mask contains all FROM clause entries that occur after the
-** virtual table and are separated from it by at least one LEFT or 
-** CROSS JOIN. 
+** virtual table and are separated from it by at least one LEFT or
+** CROSS JOIN.
 **
 ** For example, if the query were:
 **
@@ -4167,9 +4268,9 @@ void sqlite3VtabUsesAllSchemas(Parse *pParse){
 **
 ** then mPrereq corresponds to (t1, t2) and mUnusable to (t5, t6).
 **
-** All the tables in mPrereq must be scanned before the current virtual 
-** table. So any terms for which all prerequisites are satisfied by 
-** mPrereq may be specified as "usable" in all calls to xBestIndex. 
+** All the tables in mPrereq must be scanned before the current virtual
+** table. So any terms for which all prerequisites are satisfied by
+** mPrereq may be specified as "usable" in all calls to xBestIndex.
 ** Conversely, all tables in mUnusable must be scanned after the current
 ** virtual table, so any terms for which the prerequisites overlap with
 ** mUnusable should always be configured as "not-usable" for xBestIndex.
@@ -4226,7 +4327,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddVirtual(
 
   /* If the call to xBestIndex() with all terms enabled produced a plan
   ** that does not require any source tables (IOW: a plan with mBest==0)
-  ** and does not use an IN(...) operator, then there is no point in making 
+  ** and does not use an IN(...) operator, then there is no point in making
   ** any further calls to xBestIndex() since they will all return the same
   ** result (if the xBestIndex() implementation is sane). */
   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && ((mBest = (pNew->prereq & ~mPrereq))!=0 || bIn) ){
@@ -4249,7 +4350,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddVirtual(
       }
     }
 
-    /* Call xBestIndex once for each distinct value of (prereqRight & ~mPrereq) 
+    /* Call xBestIndex once for each distinct value of (prereqRight & ~mPrereq)
     ** in the set of terms that apply to the current virtual table.  */
     while( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
       int i;
@@ -4306,8 +4407,8 @@ static int whereLoopAddVirtual(
 ** btrees or virtual tables.
 */
 static int whereLoopAddOr(
-  WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder, 
-  Bitmask mPrereq, 
+  WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder,
+  Bitmask mPrereq,
   Bitmask mUnusable
 ){
   WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;
@@ -4320,7 +4421,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddOr(
   WhereLoopBuilder sSubBuild;
   WhereOrSet sSum, sCur;
   SrcItem *pItem;
-  
+ 
   pWC = pBuilder->pWC;
   pWCEnd = pWC->a + pWC->nTerm;
   pNew = pBuilder->pNew;
@@ -4333,14 +4434,14 @@ static int whereLoopAddOr(
 
   for(pTerm=pWC->a; pTerm<pWCEnd && rc==SQLITE_OK; pTerm++){
     if( (pTerm->eOperator & WO_OR)!=0
-     && (pTerm->u.pOrInfo->indexable & pNew->maskSelf)!=0 
+     && (pTerm->u.pOrInfo->indexable & pNew->maskSelf)!=0
     ){
       WhereClause * const pOrWC = &pTerm->u.pOrInfo->wc;
       WhereTerm * const pOrWCEnd = &pOrWC->a[pOrWC->nTerm];
       WhereTerm *pOrTerm;
       int once = 1;
       int i, j;
-    
+   
       sSubBuild = *pBuilder;
       sSubBuild.pOrSet = &sCur;
 
@@ -4361,7 +4462,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddOr(
         }
         sCur.n = 0;
 #ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
-        WHERETRACE(0x400, ("OR-term %d of %p has %d subterms:\n", 
+        WHERETRACE(0x400, ("OR-term %d of %p has %d subterms:\n",
                    (int)(pOrTerm-pOrWC->a), pTerm, sSubBuild.pWC->nTerm));
         if( sqlite3WhereTrace & 0x20000 ){
           sqlite3WhereClausePrint(sSubBuild.pWC);
@@ -4409,8 +4510,8 @@ static int whereLoopAddOr(
         /* TUNING: Currently sSum.a[i].rRun is set to the sum of the costs
         ** of all sub-scans required by the OR-scan. However, due to rounding
         ** errors, it may be that the cost of the OR-scan is equal to its
-        ** most expensive sub-scan. Add the smallest possible penalty 
-        ** (equivalent to multiplying the cost by 1.07) to ensure that 
+        ** most expensive sub-scan. Add the smallest possible penalty
+        ** (equivalent to multiplying the cost by 1.07) to ensure that
         ** this does not happen. Otherwise, for WHERE clauses such as the
         ** following where there is an index on "y":
         **
@@ -4430,7 +4531,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddOr(
 }
 
 /*
-** Add all WhereLoop objects for all tables 
+** Add all WhereLoop objects for all tables
 */
 static int whereLoopAddAll(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
   WhereInfo *pWInfo = pBuilder->pWInfo;
@@ -4462,7 +4563,7 @@ static int whereLoopAddAll(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
     pNew->iTab = iTab;
     pBuilder->iPlanLimit += SQLITE_QUERY_PLANNER_LIMIT_INCR;
     pNew->maskSelf = sqlite3WhereGetMask(&pWInfo->sMaskSet, pItem->iCursor);
-    if( bFirstPastRJ 
+    if( bFirstPastRJ
      || (pItem->fg.jointype & (JT_OUTER|JT_CROSS|JT_LTORJ))!=0
     ){
       /* Add prerequisites to prevent reordering of FROM clause terms
@@ -4518,17 +4619,17 @@ static int whereLoopAddAll(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
 ** Examine a WherePath (with the addition of the extra WhereLoop of the 6th
 ** parameters) to see if it outputs rows in the requested ORDER BY
 ** (or GROUP BY) without requiring a separate sort operation.  Return N:
-** 
+**
 **   N>0:   N terms of the ORDER BY clause are satisfied
 **   N==0:  No terms of the ORDER BY clause are satisfied
-**   N<0:   Unknown yet how many terms of ORDER BY might be satisfied.   
+**   N<0:   Unknown yet how many terms of ORDER BY might be satisfied.  
 **
 ** Note that processing for WHERE_GROUPBY and WHERE_DISTINCTBY is not as
 ** strict.  With GROUP BY and DISTINCT the only requirement is that
 ** equivalent rows appear immediately adjacent to one another.  GROUP BY
 ** and DISTINCT do not require rows to appear in any particular order as long
 ** as equivalent rows are grouped together.  Thus for GROUP BY and DISTINCT
-** the pOrderBy terms can be matched in any order.  With ORDER BY, the 
+** the pOrderBy terms can be matched in any order.  With ORDER BY, the
 ** pOrderBy terms must be matched in strict left-to-right order.
 */
 static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
@@ -4578,7 +4679,7 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
   ** row of the WhereLoop.  Every one-row WhereLoop is automatically
   ** order-distinct.   A WhereLoop that has no columns in the ORDER BY clause
   ** is not order-distinct. To be order-distinct is not quite the same as being
-  ** UNIQUE since a UNIQUE column or index can have multiple rows that 
+  ** UNIQUE since a UNIQUE column or index can have multiple rows that
   ** are NULL and NULL values are equivalent for the purpose of order-distinct.
   ** To be order-distinct, the columns must be UNIQUE and NOT NULL.
   **
@@ -4610,7 +4711,7 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
       pLoop = pLast;
     }
     if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE ){
-      if( pLoop->u.vtab.isOrdered 
+      if( pLoop->u.vtab.isOrdered
        && ((wctrlFlags&(WHERE_DISTINCTBY|WHERE_SORTBYGROUP))!=WHERE_DISTINCTBY)
       ){
         obSat = obDone;
@@ -4636,10 +4737,10 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
                        ~ready, eqOpMask, 0);
       if( pTerm==0 ) continue;
       if( pTerm->eOperator==WO_IN ){
-        /* IN terms are only valid for sorting in the ORDER BY LIMIT 
+        /* IN terms are only valid for sorting in the ORDER BY LIMIT
         ** optimization, and then only if they are actually used
         ** by the query plan */
-        assert( wctrlFlags & 
+        assert( wctrlFlags &
                (WHERE_ORDERBY_LIMIT|WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN|WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX) );
         for(j=0; j<pLoop->nLTerm && pTerm!=pLoop->aLTerm[j]; j++){}
         if( j>=pLoop->nLTerm ) continue;
@@ -4686,7 +4787,7 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
       for(j=0; j<nColumn; j++){
         u8 bOnce = 1; /* True to run the ORDER BY search loop */
 
-        assert( j>=pLoop->u.btree.nEq 
+        assert( j>=pLoop->u.btree.nEq
             || (pLoop->aLTerm[j]==0)==(j<pLoop->nSkip)
         );
         if( j<pLoop->u.btree.nEq && j>=pLoop->nSkip ){
@@ -4698,7 +4799,7 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
           ** the loop need to be marked as not order-distinct because it can
           ** have repeated NULL rows.
           **
-          ** If the current term is a column of an ((?,?) IN (SELECT...)) 
+          ** If the current term is a column of an ((?,?) IN (SELECT...))
           ** expression for which the SELECT returns more than one column,
           ** check that it is the only column used by this loop. Otherwise,
           ** if it is one of two or more, none of the columns can be
@@ -4711,7 +4812,7 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
               testcase( isOrderDistinct );
               isOrderDistinct = 0;
             }
-            continue;  
+            continue; 
           }else if( ALWAYS(eOp & WO_IN) ){
             /* ALWAYS() justification: eOp is an equality operator due to the
             ** j<pLoop->u.btree.nEq constraint above.  Any equality other
@@ -4753,10 +4854,10 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
           if( iColumn==XN_EXPR ){
             isOrderDistinct = 0;
           }
-        } 
+        }
 
         /* Find the ORDER BY term that corresponds to the j-th column
-        ** of the index and mark that ORDER BY term off 
+        ** of the index and mark that ORDER BY term off
         */
         isMatch = 0;
         for(i=0; bOnce && i<nOrderBy; i++){
@@ -4790,7 +4891,7 @@ static i8 wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(
           /* Make sure the sort order is compatible in an ORDER BY clause.
           ** Sort order is irrelevant for a GROUP BY clause. */
           if( revSet ){
-            if( (rev ^ revIdx) 
+            if( (rev ^ revIdx)
                            != (pOrderBy->a[i].fg.sortFlags&KEYINFO_ORDER_DESC)
             ){
               isMatch = 0;
@@ -4899,7 +5000,7 @@ static const char *wherePathName(WherePath *pPath, int nLoop, WhereLoop *pLast){
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Return the cost of sorting nRow rows, assuming that the keys have 
+** Return the cost of sorting nRow rows, assuming that the keys have
 ** nOrderby columns and that the first nSorted columns are already in
 ** order.
 */
@@ -4909,13 +5010,13 @@ static LogEst whereSortingCost(
   int nOrderBy,      /* Number of ORDER BY clause terms */
   int nSorted        /* Number of initial ORDER BY terms naturally in order */
 ){
-  /* Estimated cost of a full external sort, where N is 
+  /* Estimated cost of a full external sort, where N is
   ** the number of rows to sort is:
   **
   **   cost = (K * N * log(N)).
-  ** 
-  ** Or, if the order-by clause has X terms but only the last Y 
-  ** terms are out of order, then block-sorting will reduce the 
+  **
+  ** Or, if the order-by clause has X terms but only the last Y
+  ** terms are out of order, then block-sorting will reduce the
   ** sorting cost to:
   **
   **   cost = (K * N * log(N)) * (Y/X)
@@ -4923,8 +5024,8 @@ static LogEst whereSortingCost(
   ** The constant K is at least 2.0 but will be larger if there are a
   ** large number of columns to be sorted, as the sorting time is
   ** proportional to the amount of content to be sorted.  The algorithm
-  ** does not currently distinguish between fat columns (BLOBs and TEXTs) 
-  ** and skinny columns (INTs).  It just uses the number of columns as 
+  ** does not currently distinguish between fat columns (BLOBs and TEXTs)
+  ** and skinny columns (INTs).  It just uses the number of columns as
   ** an approximation for the row width.
   **
   ** And extra factor of 2.0 or 3.0 is added to the sorting cost if the sort
@@ -5003,7 +5104,8 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
   ** For joins of 3 or more tables, track the 10 best paths */
   mxChoice = (nLoop<=1) ? 1 : (nLoop==2 ? 5 : 10);
   assert( nLoop<=pWInfo->pTabList->nSrc );
-  WHERETRACE(0x002, ("---- begin solver.  (nRowEst=%d)\n", nRowEst));
+  WHERETRACE(0x002, ("---- begin solver.  (nRowEst=%d, nQueryLoop=%d)\n",
+                     nRowEst, pParse->nQueryLoop));
 
   /* If nRowEst is zero and there is an ORDER BY clause, ignore it. In this
   ** case the purpose of this call is to estimate the number of rows returned
@@ -5033,7 +5135,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
     ** space for the aSortCost[] array. Each element of the aSortCost array
     ** is either zero - meaning it has not yet been initialized - or the
     ** cost of sorting nRowEst rows of data where the first X terms of
-    ** the ORDER BY clause are already in order, where X is the array 
+    ** the ORDER BY clause are already in order, where X is the array
     ** index.  */
     aSortCost = (LogEst*)pX;
     memset(aSortCost, 0, sizeof(LogEst) * nOrderBy);
@@ -5054,7 +5156,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
     ** in this case the query may return a maximum of one row, the results
     ** are already in the requested order. Set isOrdered to nOrderBy to
     ** indicate this. Or, if nLoop is greater than zero, set isOrdered to
-    ** -1, indicating that the result set may or may not be ordered, 
+    ** -1, indicating that the result set may or may not be ordered,
     ** depending on the loops added to the current plan.  */
     aFrom[0].isOrdered = nLoop>0 ? -1 : nOrderBy;
   }
@@ -5084,7 +5186,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
           continue;
         }
 
-        /* At this point, pWLoop is a candidate to be the next loop. 
+        /* At this point, pWLoop is a candidate to be the next loop.
         ** Compute its cost */
         rUnsorted = sqlite3LogEstAdd(pWLoop->rSetup,pWLoop->rRun + pFrom->nRow);
         rUnsorted = sqlite3LogEstAdd(rUnsorted, pFrom->rUnsorted);
@@ -5106,27 +5208,20 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
             );
           }
           /* TUNING:  Add a small extra penalty (3) to sorting as an
-          ** extra encouragment to the query planner to select a plan
+          ** extra encouragement to the query planner to select a plan
           ** where the rows emerge in the correct order without any sorting
           ** required. */
           rCost = sqlite3LogEstAdd(rUnsorted, aSortCost[isOrdered]) + 3;
 
           WHERETRACE(0x002,
               ("---- sort cost=%-3d (%d/%d) increases cost %3d to %-3d\n",
-               aSortCost[isOrdered], (nOrderBy-isOrdered), nOrderBy, 
+               aSortCost[isOrdered], (nOrderBy-isOrdered), nOrderBy,
                rUnsorted, rCost));
         }else{
           rCost = rUnsorted;
           rUnsorted -= 2;  /* TUNING:  Slight bias in favor of no-sort plans */
         }
 
-        /* TUNING:  A full-scan of a VIEW or subquery in the outer loop
-        ** is not so bad. */
-        if( iLoop==0 && (pWLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_VIEWSCAN)!=0 ){
-          rCost += -10;
-          nOut += -30;
-        }
-
         /* Check to see if pWLoop should be added to the set of
         ** mxChoice best-so-far paths.
         **
@@ -5185,11 +5280,11 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
           ** same set of loops and has the same isOrdered setting as the
           ** candidate path.  Check to see if the candidate should replace
           ** pTo or if the candidate should be skipped.
-          ** 
+          **
           ** The conditional is an expanded vector comparison equivalent to:
           **   (pTo->rCost,pTo->nRow,pTo->rUnsorted) <= (rCost,nOut,rUnsorted)
           */
-          if( pTo->rCost<rCost 
+          if( pTo->rCost<rCost
            || (pTo->rCost==rCost
                && (pTo->nRow<nOut
                    || (pTo->nRow==nOut && pTo->rUnsorted<=rUnsorted)
@@ -5240,8 +5335,8 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
           mxCost = aTo[0].rCost;
           mxUnsorted = aTo[0].nRow;
           for(jj=1, pTo=&aTo[1]; jj<mxChoice; jj++, pTo++){
-            if( pTo->rCost>mxCost 
-             || (pTo->rCost==mxCost && pTo->rUnsorted>mxUnsorted) 
+            if( pTo->rCost>mxCost
+             || (pTo->rCost==mxCost && pTo->rUnsorted>mxUnsorted)
             ){
               mxCost = pTo->rCost;
               mxUnsorted = pTo->rUnsorted;
@@ -5280,7 +5375,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
     sqlite3StackFreeNN(pParse->db, pSpace);
     return SQLITE_ERROR;
   }
-  
+ 
   /* Find the lowest cost path.  pFrom will be left pointing to that path */
   pFrom = aFrom;
   for(ii=1; ii<nFrom; ii++){
@@ -5323,7 +5418,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
         pWInfo->nOBSat = 0;
         if( nLoop>0 ){
           u32 wsFlags = pFrom->aLoop[nLoop-1]->wsFlags;
-          if( (wsFlags & WHERE_ONEROW)==0 
+          if( (wsFlags & WHERE_ONEROW)==0
            && (wsFlags&(WHERE_IPK|WHERE_COLUMN_IN))!=(WHERE_IPK|WHERE_COLUMN_IN)
           ){
             Bitmask m = 0;
@@ -5348,7 +5443,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
         && pWInfo->nOBSat==pWInfo->pOrderBy->nExpr && nLoop>0
     ){
       Bitmask revMask = 0;
-      int nOrder = wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(pWInfo, pWInfo->pOrderBy, 
+      int nOrder = wherePathSatisfiesOrderBy(pWInfo, pWInfo->pOrderBy,
           pFrom, 0, nLoop-1, pFrom->aLoop[nLoop-1], &revMask
       );
       assert( pWInfo->sorted==0 );
@@ -5375,7 +5470,7 @@ static int wherePathSolver(WhereInfo *pWInfo, LogEst nRowEst){
 ** times for the common case.
 **
 ** Return non-zero on success, if this query can be handled by this
-** no-frills query planner.  Return zero if this query needs the 
+** no-frills query planner.  Return zero if this query needs the
 ** general-purpose query planner.
 */
 static int whereShortCut(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
@@ -5421,8 +5516,8 @@ static int whereShortCut(WhereLoopBuilder *pBuilder){
       int opMask;
       assert( pLoop->aLTermSpace==pLoop->aLTerm );
       if( !IsUniqueIndex(pIdx)
-       || pIdx->pPartIdxWhere!=0 
-       || pIdx->nKeyCol>ArraySize(pLoop->aLTermSpace) 
+       || pIdx->pPartIdxWhere!=0
+       || pIdx->nKeyCol>ArraySize(pLoop->aLTermSpace)
       ) continue;
       opMask = pIdx->uniqNotNull ? (WO_EQ|WO_IS) : WO_EQ;
       for(j=0; j<pIdx->nKeyCol; j++){
@@ -5482,8 +5577,8 @@ static int exprNodeIsDeterministic(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return true if the expression contains no non-deterministic SQL 
-** functions. Do not consider non-deterministic SQL functions that are 
+** Return true if the expression contains no non-deterministic SQL
+** functions. Do not consider non-deterministic SQL functions that are
 ** part of sub-select statements.
 */
 static int exprIsDeterministic(Expr *p){
@@ -5496,7 +5591,7 @@ static int exprIsDeterministic(Expr *p){
   return w.eCode;
 }
 
-  
+ 
 #ifdef WHERETRACE_ENABLED
 /*
 ** Display all WhereLoops in pWInfo
@@ -5524,7 +5619,7 @@ static void showAllWhereLoops(WhereInfo *pWInfo, WhereClause *pWC){
 **   1) The query must not be an aggregate.
 **   2) The table must be the RHS of a LEFT JOIN.
 **   3) Either the query must be DISTINCT, or else the ON or USING clause
-**      must contain a constraint that limits the scan of the table to 
+**      must contain a constraint that limits the scan of the table to
 **      at most a single row.
 **   4) The table must not be referenced by any part of the query apart
 **      from its own USING or ON clause.
@@ -5544,13 +5639,13 @@ static void showAllWhereLoops(WhereInfo *pWInfo, WhereClause *pWC){
 **
 ** then table t2 can be omitted from the following:
 **
-**     SELECT v1, v3 FROM t1 
+**     SELECT v1, v3 FROM t1
 **       LEFT JOIN t2 ON (t1.ipk=t2.ipk)
 **       LEFT JOIN t3 ON (t1.ipk=t3.ipk)
 **
 ** or from:
 **
-**     SELECT DISTINCT v1, v3 FROM t1 
+**     SELECT DISTINCT v1, v3 FROM t1
 **       LEFT JOIN t2
 **       LEFT JOIN t3 ON (t1.ipk=t3.ipk)
 */
@@ -5676,20 +5771,6 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void whereCheckIfBloomFilterIsUseful(
   }
 }
 
-/*
-** This is an sqlite3ParserAddCleanup() callback that is invoked to
-** free the Parse->pIdxEpr list when the Parse object is destroyed.
-*/
-static void whereIndexedExprCleanup(sqlite3 *db, void *pObject){
-  Parse *pParse = (Parse*)pObject;
-  while( pParse->pIdxEpr!=0 ){
-    IndexedExpr *p = pParse->pIdxEpr;
-    pParse->pIdxEpr = p->pIENext;
-    sqlite3ExprDelete(db, p->pExpr);
-    sqlite3DbFreeNN(db, p);
-  }
-}
-
 /*
 ** The index pIdx is used by a query and contains one or more expressions.
 ** In other words pIdx is an index on an expression.  iIdxCur is the cursor
@@ -5751,7 +5832,30 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void whereAddIndexedExpr(
 #endif
     pParse->pIdxEpr = p;
     if( p->pIENext==0 ){
-      sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, whereIndexedExprCleanup, pParse);
+      void *pArg = (void*)&pParse->pIdxEpr;
+      sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, whereIndexedExprCleanup, pArg);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Set the reverse-scan order mask to one for all tables in the query
+** with the exception of MATERIALIZED common table expressions that have
+** their own internal ORDER BY clauses.
+**
+** This implements the PRAGMA reverse_unordered_selects=ON setting.
+** (Also SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER).
+*/
+static SQLITE_NOINLINE void whereReverseScanOrder(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
+  int ii;
+  for(ii=0; ii<pWInfo->pTabList->nSrc; ii++){
+    SrcItem *pItem = &pWInfo->pTabList->a[ii];
+    if( !pItem->fg.isCte
+     || pItem->u2.pCteUse->eM10d!=M10d_Yes
+     || NEVER(pItem->pSelect==0)
+     || pItem->pSelect->pOrderBy==0
+    ){
+      pWInfo->revMask |= MASKBIT(ii);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -5814,7 +5918,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void whereAddIndexedExpr(
 **
 ** OUTER JOINS
 **
-** An outer join of tables t1 and t2 is conceptally coded as follows:
+** An outer join of tables t1 and t2 is conceptually coded as follows:
 **
 **    foreach row1 in t1 do
 **      flag = 0
@@ -5836,7 +5940,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE void whereAddIndexedExpr(
 ** if there is one.  If there is no ORDER BY clause or if this routine
 ** is called from an UPDATE or DELETE statement, then pOrderBy is NULL.
 **
-** The iIdxCur parameter is the cursor number of an index.  If 
+** The iIdxCur parameter is the cursor number of an index.  If
 ** WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE is set, iIdxCur is the cursor number of an index
 ** to use for OR clause processing.  The WHERE clause should use this
 ** specific cursor.  If WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED is set, then iIdxCur is
@@ -5870,8 +5974,8 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
   u8 bFordelete = 0;         /* OPFLAG_FORDELETE or zero, as appropriate */
 
   assert( (wctrlFlags & WHERE_ONEPASS_MULTIROW)==0 || (
-        (wctrlFlags & WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED)!=0 
-     && (wctrlFlags & WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE)==0 
+        (wctrlFlags & WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED)!=0
+     && (wctrlFlags & WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE)==0
   ));
 
   /* Only one of WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE or WHERE_USE_LIMIT */
@@ -5887,7 +5991,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
   if( pOrderBy && pOrderBy->nExpr>=BMS ) pOrderBy = 0;
 
   /* The number of tables in the FROM clause is limited by the number of
-  ** bits in a Bitmask 
+  ** bits in a Bitmask
   */
   testcase( pTabList->nSrc==BMS );
   if( pTabList->nSrc>BMS ){
@@ -5895,7 +5999,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
     return 0;
   }
 
-  /* This function normally generates a nested loop for all tables in 
+  /* This function normally generates a nested loop for all tables in
   ** pTabList.  But if the WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE flag is set, then we should
   ** only generate code for the first table in pTabList and assume that
   ** any cursors associated with subsequent tables are uninitialized.
@@ -5930,7 +6034,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
   pWInfo->iLimit = iAuxArg;
   pWInfo->savedNQueryLoop = pParse->nQueryLoop;
   pWInfo->pSelect = pSelect;
-  memset(&pWInfo->nOBSat, 0, 
+  memset(&pWInfo->nOBSat, 0,
          offsetof(WhereInfo,sWC) - offsetof(WhereInfo,nOBSat));
   memset(&pWInfo->a[0], 0, sizeof(WhereLoop)+nTabList*sizeof(WhereLevel));
   assert( pWInfo->eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF );  /* ONEPASS defaults to OFF */
@@ -5953,7 +6057,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
   */
   sqlite3WhereClauseInit(&pWInfo->sWC, pWInfo);
   sqlite3WhereSplit(&pWInfo->sWC, pWhere, TK_AND);
-    
+   
   /* Special case: No FROM clause
   */
   if( nTabList==0 ){
@@ -5969,7 +6073,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
     **
     ** The N-th term of the FROM clause is assigned a bitmask of 1<<N.
     **
-    ** The rule of the previous sentence ensures thta if X is the bitmask for
+    ** The rule of the previous sentence ensures that if X is the bitmask for
     ** a table T, then X-1 is the bitmask for all other tables to the left of T.
     ** Knowing the bitmask for all tables to the left of a left join is
     ** important.  Ticket #3015.
@@ -5995,7 +6099,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
     }
   #endif
   }
-  
+ 
   /* Analyze all of the subexpressions. */
   sqlite3WhereExprAnalyze(pTabList, &pWInfo->sWC);
   if( pSelect && pSelect->pLimit ){
@@ -6099,7 +6203,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
     ** loops will be built using the revised truthProb values. */
     if( sWLB.bldFlags2 & SQLITE_BLDF2_2NDPASS ){
       WHERETRACE_ALL_LOOPS(pWInfo, sWLB.pWC);
-      WHERETRACE(0xffffffff, 
+      WHERETRACE(0xffffffff,
            ("**** Redo all loop computations due to"
             " TERM_HIGHTRUTH changes ****\n"));
       while( pWInfo->pLoops ){
@@ -6112,16 +6216,27 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
     }
 #endif
     WHERETRACE_ALL_LOOPS(pWInfo, sWLB.pWC);
-  
+ 
     wherePathSolver(pWInfo, 0);
     if( db->mallocFailed ) goto whereBeginError;
     if( pWInfo->pOrderBy ){
        wherePathSolver(pWInfo, pWInfo->nRowOut+1);
        if( db->mallocFailed ) goto whereBeginError;
     }
+
+    /* TUNING:  Assume that a DISTINCT clause on a subquery reduces
+    ** the output size by a factor of 8 (LogEst -30).
+    */
+    if( (pWInfo->wctrlFlags & WHERE_WANT_DISTINCT)!=0 ){
+      WHERETRACE(0x0080,("nRowOut reduced from %d to %d due to DISTINCT\n",
+                         pWInfo->nRowOut, pWInfo->nRowOut-30));
+      pWInfo->nRowOut -= 30;
+    }
+
   }
+  assert( pWInfo->pTabList!=0 );
   if( pWInfo->pOrderBy==0 && (db->flags & SQLITE_ReverseOrder)!=0 ){
-     pWInfo->revMask = ALLBITS;
+    whereReverseScanOrder(pWInfo);
   }
   if( pParse->nErr ){
     goto whereBeginError;
@@ -6160,7 +6275,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
   ** This query optimization is factored out into a separate "no-inline"
   ** procedure to keep the sqlite3WhereBegin() procedure from becoming
   ** too large.  If sqlite3WhereBegin() becomes too large, that prevents
-  ** some C-compiler optimizers from in-lining the 
+  ** some C-compiler optimizers from in-lining the
   ** sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart() procedure, and it is important to
   ** in-line sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart() for performance reasons.
   */
@@ -6221,6 +6336,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
         0!=(wctrlFlags & WHERE_ONEPASS_MULTIROW)
      && !IsVirtual(pTabList->a[0].pTab)
      && (0==(wsFlags & WHERE_MULTI_OR) || (wctrlFlags & WHERE_DUPLICATES_OK))
+     && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_OnePass)
     )){
       pWInfo->eOnePass = bOnerow ? ONEPASS_SINGLE : ONEPASS_MULTI;
       if( HasRowid(pTabList->a[0].pTab) && (wsFlags & WHERE_IDX_ONLY) ){
@@ -6269,7 +6385,7 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
       assert( pTabItem->iCursor==pLevel->iTabCur );
       testcase( pWInfo->eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF && pTab->nCol==BMS-1 );
       testcase( pWInfo->eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF && pTab->nCol==BMS );
-      if( pWInfo->eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF 
+      if( pWInfo->eOnePass==ONEPASS_OFF
        && pTab->nCol<BMS
        && (pTab->tabFlags & (TF_HasGenerated|TF_WithoutRowid))==0
        && (pLoop->wsFlags & (WHERE_AUTO_INDEX|WHERE_BLOOMFILTER))==0
@@ -6329,6 +6445,11 @@ WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(
         if( pIx->bHasExpr && OptimizationEnabled(db, SQLITE_IndexedExpr) ){
           whereAddIndexedExpr(pParse, pIx, iIndexCur, pTabItem);
         }
+        if( pIx->pPartIdxWhere && (pTabItem->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT)==0 ){
+          wherePartIdxExpr(
+              pParse, pIx, pIx->pPartIdxWhere, 0, iIndexCur, pTabItem
+          );
+        }
       }
       pLevel->iIdxCur = iIndexCur;
       assert( pIx!=0 );
@@ -6498,7 +6619,7 @@ static int cursorIsOpen(Vdbe *v, int iCur, int k){
 #endif /* SQLITE_DEBUG */
 
 /*
-** Generate the end of the WHERE loop.  See comments on 
+** Generate the end of the WHERE loop.  See comments on
 ** sqlite3WhereBegin() for additional information.
 */
 void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
@@ -6584,7 +6705,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
         sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, pIn->addrInTop+1);
         if( pIn->eEndLoopOp!=OP_Noop ){
           if( pIn->nPrefix ){
-            int bEarlyOut = 
+            int bEarlyOut =
                 (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)==0
                  && (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_IN_EARLYOUT)!=0;
             if( pLevel->iLeftJoin ){
@@ -6596,7 +6717,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
               ** return the null-row. So, if the cursor is not open yet,
               ** jump over the OP_Next or OP_Prev instruction about to
               ** be coded.  */
-              sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IfNotOpen, pIn->iCur, 
+              sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IfNotOpen, pIn->iCur,
                   sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 2 + bEarlyOut);
               VdbeCoverage(v);
             }
@@ -6605,7 +6726,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
                   sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+2,
                   pIn->iBase, pIn->nPrefix);
               VdbeCoverage(v);
-              /* Retarget the OP_IsNull against the left operand of IN so 
+              /* Retarget the OP_IsNull against the left operand of IN so
               ** it jumps past the OP_IfNoHope.  This is because the
               ** OP_IsNull also bypasses the OP_Affinity opcode that is
               ** required by OP_IfNoHope. */
@@ -6646,8 +6767,8 @@ void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
         assert( pLevel->iTabCur==pTabList->a[pLevel->iFrom].iCursor );
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NullRow, pLevel->iTabCur);
       }
-      if( (ws & WHERE_INDEXED) 
-       || ((ws & WHERE_MULTI_OR) && pLevel->u.pCoveringIdx) 
+      if( (ws & WHERE_INDEXED)
+       || ((ws & WHERE_MULTI_OR) && pLevel->u.pCoveringIdx)
       ){
         if( ws & WHERE_MULTI_OR ){
           Index *pIx = pLevel->u.pCoveringIdx;
@@ -6702,7 +6823,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo *pWInfo){
     ** from the index instead of from the table where possible.  In some cases
     ** this optimization prevents the table from ever being read, which can
     ** yield a significant performance boost.
-    ** 
+    **
     ** Calls to the code generator in between sqlite3WhereBegin and
     ** sqlite3WhereEnd will have created code that references the table
     ** directly.  This loop scans all that code looking for opcodes
diff --git a/sqlite/src/whereInt.h b/sqlite/src/whereInt.h
index b89a4513..343aca9f 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/whereInt.h
+++ b/sqlite/src/whereInt.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ typedef struct WhereRightJoin WhereRightJoin;
 
 /*
 ** This object is a header on a block of allocated memory that will be
-** automatically freed when its WInfo oject is destructed.
+** automatically freed when its WInfo object is destructed.
 */
 struct WhereMemBlock {
   WhereMemBlock *pNext;      /* Next block in the chain */
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ struct WhereLevel {
         int iCur;              /* The VDBE cursor used by this IN operator */
         int addrInTop;         /* Top of the IN loop */
         int iBase;             /* Base register of multi-key index record */
-        int nPrefix;           /* Number of prior entires in the key */
+        int nPrefix;           /* Number of prior entries in the key */
         u8 eEndLoopOp;         /* IN Loop terminator. OP_Next or OP_Prev */
       } *aInLoop;           /* Information about each nested IN operator */
     } in;                 /* Used when pWLoop->wsFlags&WHERE_IN_ABLE */
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ struct WhereLoop {
 
 /* This object holds the prerequisites and the cost of running a
 ** subquery on one operand of an OR operator in the WHERE clause.
-** See WhereOrSet for additional information 
+** See WhereOrSet for additional information
 */
 struct WhereOrCost {
   Bitmask prereq;     /* Prerequisites */
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ struct WherePath {
 ** clause subexpression is separated from the others by AND operators,
 ** usually, or sometimes subexpressions separated by OR.
 **
-** All WhereTerms are collected into a single WhereClause structure.  
+** All WhereTerms are collected into a single WhereClause structure. 
 ** The following identity holds:
 **
 **        WhereTerm.pWC->a[WhereTerm.idx] == WhereTerm
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ struct WhereClause {
   int nTerm;               /* Number of terms */
   int nSlot;               /* Number of entries in a[] */
   int nBase;               /* Number of terms through the last non-Virtual */
-  WhereTerm *a;            /* Each a[] describes a term of the WHERE cluase */
+  WhereTerm *a;            /* Each a[] describes a term of the WHERE clause */
 #if defined(SQLITE_SMALL_STACK)
   WhereTerm aStatic[1];    /* Initial static space for a[] */
 #else
@@ -377,8 +377,8 @@ struct WhereAndInfo {
 ** An instance of the following structure keeps track of a mapping
 ** between VDBE cursor numbers and bits of the bitmasks in WhereTerm.
 **
-** The VDBE cursor numbers are small integers contained in 
-** SrcItem.iCursor and Expr.iTable fields.  For any given WHERE 
+** The VDBE cursor numbers are small integers contained in
+** SrcItem.iCursor and Expr.iTable fields.  For any given WHERE
 ** clause, the cursor numbers might not begin with 0 and they might
 ** contain gaps in the numbering sequence.  But we want to make maximum
 ** use of the bits in our bitmasks.  This structure provides a mapping
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereTabFuncArgs(Parse*, SrcItem*, WhereClause*);
 #define WHERE_BLOOMFILTER  0x00400000  /* Consider using a Bloom-filter */
 #define WHERE_SELFCULL     0x00800000  /* nOut reduced by extra WHERE terms */
 #define WHERE_OMIT_OFFSET  0x01000000  /* Set offset counter to zero */
-#define WHERE_VIEWSCAN     0x02000000  /* A full-scan of a VIEW or subquery */
+                      /*   0x02000000  -- available for reuse */
 #define WHERE_EXPRIDX      0x04000000  /* Uses an index-on-expressions */
 
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_WHEREINT_H) */
diff --git a/sqlite/src/wherecode.c b/sqlite/src/wherecode.c
index a998c0a4..47ce36ce 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/wherecode.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/wherecode.c
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static void explainAppendTerm(
 }
 
 /*
-** Argument pLevel describes a strategy for scanning table pTab. This 
+** Argument pLevel describes a strategy for scanning table pTab. This
 ** function appends text to pStr that describes the subset of table
 ** rows scanned by the strategy in the form of an SQL expression.
 **
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void explainIndexRange(StrAccum *pStr, WhereLoop *pLoop){
 
 /*
 ** This function is a no-op unless currently processing an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN
-** command, or if stmt_scanstatus_v2() stats are enabled, or if SQLITE_DEBUG 
+** command, or if stmt_scanstatus_v2() stats are enabled, or if SQLITE_DEBUG
 ** was defined at compile-time. If it is not a no-op, a single OP_Explain
 ** opcode is added to the output to describe the table scan strategy in pLevel.
 **
@@ -279,11 +279,11 @@ int sqlite3WhereExplainBloomFilter(
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
 /*
 ** Configure the VM passed as the first argument with an
-** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() entry corresponding to the scan used to 
-** implement level pLvl. Argument pSrclist is a pointer to the FROM 
+** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() entry corresponding to the scan used to
+** implement level pLvl. Argument pSrclist is a pointer to the FROM
 ** clause that the scan reads data from.
 **
-** If argument addrExplain is not 0, it must be the address of an 
+** If argument addrExplain is not 0, it must be the address of an
 ** OP_Explain instruction that describes the same loop.
 */
 void sqlite3WhereAddScanStatus(
@@ -315,6 +315,12 @@ void sqlite3WhereAddScanStatus(
       if( wsFlags & WHERE_INDEXED ){
         sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExplain, -1, pLvl->iIdxCur);
       }
+    }else{
+      int addr = pSrclist->a[pLvl->iFrom].addrFillSub;
+      VdbeOp *pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetOp(v, addr-1);
+      assert( sqlite3VdbeDb(v)->mallocFailed || pOp->opcode==OP_InitCoroutine );
+      assert( sqlite3VdbeDb(v)->mallocFailed || pOp->p2>addr );
+      sqlite3VdbeScanStatusRange(v, addrExplain, addr, pOp->p2-1);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -354,7 +360,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereAddScanStatus(
 **
 ** Only the parent term was in the original WHERE clause.  The child1
 ** and child2 terms were added by the LIKE optimization.  If both of
-** the virtual child terms are valid, then testing of the parent can be 
+** the virtual child terms are valid, then testing of the parent can be
 ** skipped.
 **
 ** Usually the parent term is marked as TERM_CODED.  But if the parent
@@ -392,7 +398,7 @@ static void disableTerm(WhereLevel *pLevel, WhereTerm *pTerm){
 
 /*
 ** Code an OP_Affinity opcode to apply the column affinity string zAff
-** to the n registers starting at base. 
+** to the n registers starting at base.
 **
 ** As an optimization, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB and SQLITE_AFF_NONE entries (which
 ** are no-ops) at the beginning and end of zAff are ignored.  If all entries
@@ -429,7 +435,7 @@ static void codeApplyAffinity(Parse *pParse, int base, int n, char *zAff){
 }
 
 /*
-** Expression pRight, which is the RHS of a comparison operation, is 
+** Expression pRight, which is the RHS of a comparison operation, is
 ** either a vector of n elements or, if n==1, a scalar expression.
 ** Before the comparison operation, affinity zAff is to be applied
 ** to the pRight values. This function modifies characters within the
@@ -540,12 +546,12 @@ static Expr *removeUnindexableInClauseTerms(
         pNew->pLeft = p;
       }
       if( pSelect->pOrderBy ){
-        /* If the SELECT statement has an ORDER BY clause, zero the 
-        ** iOrderByCol variables. These are set to non-zero when an 
-        ** ORDER BY term exactly matches one of the terms of the 
+        /* If the SELECT statement has an ORDER BY clause, zero the
+        ** iOrderByCol variables. These are set to non-zero when an
+        ** ORDER BY term exactly matches one of the terms of the
         ** result-set. Since the result-set of the SELECT statement may
-        ** have been modified or reordered, these variables are no longer 
-        ** set correctly.  Since setting them is just an optimization, 
+        ** have been modified or reordered, these variables are no longer
+        ** set correctly.  Since setting them is just an optimization,
         ** it's easiest just to zero them here.  */
         ExprList *pOrderBy = pSelect->pOrderBy;
         for(i=0; i<pOrderBy->nExpr; i++){
@@ -567,7 +573,7 @@ static Expr *removeUnindexableInClauseTerms(
 
 /*
 ** Generate code for a single equality term of the WHERE clause.  An equality
-** term can be either X=expr or X IN (...).   pTerm is the term to be 
+** term can be either X=expr or X IN (...).   pTerm is the term to be
 ** coded.
 **
 ** The current value for the constraint is left in a register, the index
@@ -708,7 +714,7 @@ static int codeEqualityTerm(
       testcase( iEq>0
                 && (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_IN_SEEKSCAN)==0
                 && (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE)!=0 );
-      if( iEq>0 
+      if( iEq>0
        && (pLoop->wsFlags & (WHERE_IN_SEEKSCAN|WHERE_VIRTUALTABLE))==0
       ){
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SeekHit, pLevel->iIdxCur, 0, iEq);
@@ -745,7 +751,7 @@ static int codeEqualityTerm(
 ** For example, consider table t1(a,b,c,d,e,f) with index i1(a,b,c).
 ** Suppose the WHERE clause is this:  a==5 AND b IN (1,2,3) AND c>5 AND c<10
 ** The index has as many as three equality constraints, but in this
-** example, the third "c" value is an inequality.  So only two 
+** example, the third "c" value is an inequality.  So only two
 ** constraints are coded.  This routine will generate code to evaluate
 ** a==5 and b IN (1,2,3).  The current values for a and b will be stored
 ** in consecutive registers and the index of the first register is returned.
@@ -812,7 +818,7 @@ static int codeAllEqualityTerms(
   /* Figure out how many memory cells we will need then allocate them.
   */
   regBase = pParse->nMem + 1;
-  nReg = pLoop->u.btree.nEq + nExtraReg;
+  nReg = nEq + nExtraReg;
   pParse->nMem += nReg;
 
   zAff = sqlite3DbStrDup(pParse->db,sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(pParse->db,pIdx));
@@ -837,7 +843,7 @@ static int codeAllEqualityTerms(
       testcase( pIdx->aiColumn[j]==XN_EXPR );
       VdbeComment((v, "%s", explainIndexColumnName(pIdx, j)));
     }
-  }    
+  }   
 
   /* Evaluate the equality constraints
   */
@@ -846,7 +852,7 @@ static int codeAllEqualityTerms(
     int r1;
     pTerm = pLoop->aLTerm[j];
     assert( pTerm!=0 );
-    /* The following testcase is true for indices with redundant columns. 
+    /* The following testcase is true for indices with redundant columns.
     ** Ex: CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(a,b,a); SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a=0 AND b=0; */
     testcase( (pTerm->wtFlags & TERM_CODED)!=0 );
     testcase( pTerm->wtFlags & TERM_VIRTUAL );
@@ -859,14 +865,11 @@ static int codeAllEqualityTerms(
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Copy, r1, regBase+j);
       }
     }
-  }
-  for(j=nSkip; j<nEq; j++){
-    pTerm = pLoop->aLTerm[j];
     if( pTerm->eOperator & WO_IN ){
       if( pTerm->pExpr->flags & EP_xIsSelect ){
         /* No affinity ever needs to be (or should be) applied to a value
-        ** from the RHS of an "? IN (SELECT ...)" expression. The 
-        ** sqlite3FindInIndex() routine has already ensured that the 
+        ** from the RHS of an "? IN (SELECT ...)" expression. The
+        ** sqlite3FindInIndex() routine has already ensured that the
         ** affinity of the comparison has been applied to the value.  */
         if( zAff ) zAff[j] = SQLITE_AFF_BLOB;
       }
@@ -894,7 +897,7 @@ static int codeAllEqualityTerms(
 #ifndef SQLITE_LIKE_DOESNT_MATCH_BLOBS
 /*
 ** If the most recently coded instruction is a constant range constraint
-** (a string literal) that originated from the LIKE optimization, then 
+** (a string literal) that originated from the LIKE optimization, then
 ** set P3 and P5 on the OP_String opcode so that the string will be cast
 ** to a BLOB at appropriate times.
 **
@@ -919,7 +922,7 @@ static void whereLikeOptimizationStringFixup(
     assert( pLevel->iLikeRepCntr>0 );
     pOp = sqlite3VdbeGetLastOp(v);
     assert( pOp!=0 );
-    assert( pOp->opcode==OP_String8 
+    assert( pOp->opcode==OP_String8
             || pTerm->pWC->pWInfo->pParse->db->mallocFailed );
     pOp->p3 = (int)(pLevel->iLikeRepCntr>>1);  /* Register holding counter */
     pOp->p5 = (u8)(pLevel->iLikeRepCntr&1);    /* ASC or DESC */
@@ -962,7 +965,7 @@ static int codeCursorHintCheckExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 /*
 ** Test whether or not expression pExpr, which was part of a WHERE clause,
 ** should be included in the cursor-hint for a table that is on the rhs
-** of a LEFT JOIN. Set Walker.eCode to non-zero before returning if the 
+** of a LEFT JOIN. Set Walker.eCode to non-zero before returning if the
 ** expression is not suitable.
 **
 ** An expression is unsuitable if it might evaluate to non NULL even if
@@ -975,9 +978,9 @@ static int codeCursorHintCheckExpr(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 **   CASE WHEN col THEN 0 ELSE 1 END
 */
 static int codeCursorHintIsOrFunction(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
-  if( pExpr->op==TK_IS 
-   || pExpr->op==TK_ISNULL || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT 
-   || pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL || pExpr->op==TK_CASE 
+  if( pExpr->op==TK_IS
+   || pExpr->op==TK_ISNULL || pExpr->op==TK_ISNOT
+   || pExpr->op==TK_NOTNULL || pExpr->op==TK_CASE
   ){
     pWalker->eCode = 1;
   }else if( pExpr->op==TK_FUNCTION ){
@@ -998,13 +1001,13 @@ static int codeCursorHintIsOrFunction(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 ** that accesses any table other than the one identified by
 ** CCurHint.iTabCur, then do the following:
 **
-**   1) allocate a register and code an OP_Column instruction to read 
+**   1) allocate a register and code an OP_Column instruction to read
 **      the specified column into the new register, and
 **
-**   2) transform the expression node to a TK_REGISTER node that reads 
+**   2) transform the expression node to a TK_REGISTER node that reads
 **      from the newly populated register.
 **
-** Also, if the node is a TK_COLUMN that does access the table idenified
+** Also, if the node is a TK_COLUMN that does access the table identified
 ** by pCCurHint.iTabCur, and an index is being used (which we will
 ** know because CCurHint.pIdx!=0) then transform the TK_COLUMN into
 ** an access of the index rather than the original table.
@@ -1073,18 +1076,18 @@ static void codeCursorHint(
     if( pTerm->wtFlags & (TERM_VIRTUAL|TERM_CODED) ) continue;
     if( pTerm->prereqAll & pLevel->notReady ) continue;
 
-    /* Any terms specified as part of the ON(...) clause for any LEFT 
+    /* Any terms specified as part of the ON(...) clause for any LEFT
     ** JOIN for which the current table is not the rhs are omitted
-    ** from the cursor-hint. 
+    ** from the cursor-hint.
     **
-    ** If this table is the rhs of a LEFT JOIN, "IS" or "IS NULL" terms 
+    ** If this table is the rhs of a LEFT JOIN, "IS" or "IS NULL" terms
     ** that were specified as part of the WHERE clause must be excluded.
     ** This is to address the following:
     **
     **   SELECT ... t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON (t1.a=t2.b) WHERE t2.c IS NULL;
     **
     ** Say there is a single row in t2 that matches (t1.a=t2.b), but its
-    ** t2.c values is not NULL. If the (t2.c IS NULL) constraint is 
+    ** t2.c values is not NULL. If the (t2.c IS NULL) constraint is
     ** pushed down to the cursor, this row is filtered out, causing
     ** SQLite to synthesize a row of NULL values. Which does match the
     ** WHERE clause, and so the query returns a row. Which is incorrect.
@@ -1097,7 +1100,7 @@ static void codeCursorHint(
     */
     if( pTabItem->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT ){
       Expr *pExpr = pTerm->pExpr;
-      if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_OuterON) 
+      if( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_OuterON)
        || pExpr->w.iJoin!=pTabItem->iCursor
       ){
         sWalker.eCode = 0;
@@ -1135,7 +1138,7 @@ static void codeCursorHint(
   if( pExpr!=0 ){
     sWalker.xExprCallback = codeCursorHintFixExpr;
     if( pParse->nErr==0 ) sqlite3WalkExpr(&sWalker, pExpr);
-    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_CursorHint, 
+    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_CursorHint,
                       (sHint.pIdx ? sHint.iIdxCur : sHint.iTabCur), 0, 0,
                       (const char*)pExpr, P4_EXPR);
   }
@@ -1147,7 +1150,7 @@ static void codeCursorHint(
 /*
 ** Cursor iCur is open on an intkey b-tree (a table). Register iRowid contains
 ** a rowid value just read from cursor iIdxCur, open on index pIdx. This
-** function generates code to do a deferred seek of cursor iCur to the 
+** function generates code to do a deferred seek of cursor iCur to the
 ** rowid stored in register iRowid.
 **
 ** Normally, this is just:
@@ -1181,7 +1184,7 @@ static void codeDeferredSeek(
 
   assert( iIdxCur>0 );
   assert( pIdx->aiColumn[pIdx->nColumn-1]==-1 );
-  
+ 
   pWInfo->bDeferredSeek = 1;
   sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_DeferredSeek, iIdxCur, 0, iCur);
   if( (pWInfo->wctrlFlags & (WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE|WHERE_RIGHT_JOIN))
@@ -1518,7 +1521,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
           }
         }
 
-        /* Generate code that will continue to the next row if 
+        /* Generate code that will continue to the next row if
         ** the IN constraint is not satisfied
         */
         pCompare = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_EQ, 0, 0);
@@ -1611,7 +1614,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
       int r1, rTemp;        /* Registers for holding the start boundary */
       int op;               /* Cursor seek operation */
 
-      /* The following constant maps TK_xx codes into corresponding 
+      /* The following constant maps TK_xx codes into corresponding
       ** seek opcodes.  It depends on a particular ordering of TK_xx
       */
       const u8 aMoveOp[] = {
@@ -1622,7 +1625,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
       };
       assert( TK_LE==TK_GT+1 );      /* Make sure the ordering.. */
       assert( TK_LT==TK_GT+2 );      /*  ... of the TK_xx values... */
-      assert( TK_GE==TK_GT+3 );      /*  ... is correcct. */
+      assert( TK_GE==TK_GT+3 );      /*  ... is correct. */
 
       assert( (pStart->wtFlags & TERM_VNULL)==0 );
       testcase( pStart->wtFlags & TERM_VIRTUAL );
@@ -1667,8 +1670,8 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
       testcase( pEnd->wtFlags & TERM_VIRTUAL );
       memEndValue = ++pParse->nMem;
       codeExprOrVector(pParse, pX->pRight, memEndValue, 1);
-      if( 0==sqlite3ExprIsVector(pX->pRight) 
-       && (pX->op==TK_LT || pX->op==TK_GT) 
+      if( 0==sqlite3ExprIsVector(pX->pRight)
+       && (pX->op==TK_LT || pX->op==TK_GT)
       ){
         testOp = bRev ? OP_Le : OP_Ge;
       }else{
@@ -1696,14 +1699,14 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
   }else if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_INDEXED ){
     /* Case 4: A scan using an index.
     **
-    **         The WHERE clause may contain zero or more equality 
+    **         The WHERE clause may contain zero or more equality
     **         terms ("==" or "IN" operators) that refer to the N
     **         left-most columns of the index. It may also contain
     **         inequality constraints (>, <, >= or <=) on the indexed
-    **         column that immediately follows the N equalities. Only 
+    **         column that immediately follows the N equalities. Only
     **         the right-most column can be an inequality - the rest must
-    **         use the "==" and "IN" operators. For example, if the 
-    **         index is on (x,y,z), then the following clauses are all 
+    **         use the "==" and "IN" operators. For example, if the
+    **         index is on (x,y,z), then the following clauses are all
     **         optimized:
     **
     **            x=5
@@ -1724,7 +1727,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
     **         This case is also used when there are no WHERE clause
     **         constraints but an index is selected anyway, in order
     **         to force the output order to conform to an ORDER BY.
-    */  
+    */ 
     static const u8 aStartOp[] = {
       0,
       0,
@@ -1766,15 +1769,15 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
     iIdxCur = pLevel->iIdxCur;
     assert( nEq>=pLoop->nSkip );
 
-    /* Find any inequality constraint terms for the start and end 
-    ** of the range. 
+    /* Find any inequality constraint terms for the start and end
+    ** of the range.
     */
     j = nEq;
     if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_BTM_LIMIT ){
       pRangeStart = pLoop->aLTerm[j++];
       nExtraReg = MAX(nExtraReg, pLoop->u.btree.nBtm);
       /* Like optimization range constraints always occur in pairs */
-      assert( (pRangeStart->wtFlags & TERM_LIKEOPT)==0 || 
+      assert( (pRangeStart->wtFlags & TERM_LIKEOPT)==0 ||
               (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_TOP_LIMIT)!=0 );
     }
     if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_TOP_LIMIT ){
@@ -1807,7 +1810,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
     assert( pRangeEnd==0 || (pRangeEnd->wtFlags & TERM_VNULL)==0 );
 
     /* If the WHERE_BIGNULL_SORT flag is set, then index column nEq uses
-    ** a non-default "big-null" sort (either ASC NULLS LAST or DESC NULLS 
+    ** a non-default "big-null" sort (either ASC NULLS LAST or DESC NULLS
     ** FIRST). In both cases separate ordered scans are made of those
     ** index entries for which the column is null and for those for which
     ** it is not. For an ASC sort, the non-NULL entries are scanned first.
@@ -1829,7 +1832,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
     }
 
     /* If we are doing a reverse order scan on an ascending index, or
-    ** a forward order scan on a descending index, interchange the 
+    ** a forward order scan on a descending index, interchange the
     ** start and end terms (pRangeStart and pRangeEnd).
     */
     if( (nEq<pIdx->nColumn && bRev==(pIdx->aSortOrder[nEq]==SQLITE_SO_ASC)) ){
@@ -1878,7 +1881,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
       }
       if( zStartAff ){
         updateRangeAffinityStr(pRight, nBtm, &zStartAff[nEq]);
-      }  
+      } 
       nConstraint += nBtm;
       testcase( pRangeStart->wtFlags & TERM_VIRTUAL );
       if( sqlite3ExprIsVector(pRight)==0 ){
@@ -1926,7 +1929,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
         ** of entries in the tree, so basing the number of steps to try
         ** on the estimated number of rows in the btree seems like a good
         ** guess. */
-        addrSeekScan = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SeekScan, 
+        addrSeekScan = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SeekScan,
                                          (pIdx->aiRowLogEst[0]+9)/10);
         if( pRangeStart || pRangeEnd ){
           sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, 1);
@@ -1951,7 +1954,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
         assert( bStopAtNull==startEq );
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+2);
         op = aStartOp[(nConstraint>1)*4 + 2 + bRev];
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, op, iIdxCur, addrNxt, regBase, 
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, op, iIdxCur, addrNxt, regBase,
                              nConstraint-startEq);
         VdbeCoverage(v);
         VdbeCoverageIf(v, op==OP_Rewind);  testcase( op==OP_Rewind );
@@ -2044,7 +2047,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
     }
 
     /* Seek the table cursor, if required */
-    omitTable = (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_IDX_ONLY)!=0 
+    omitTable = (pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_IDX_ONLY)!=0
            && (pWInfo->wctrlFlags & (WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE|WHERE_RIGHT_JOIN))==0;
     if( omitTable ){
       /* pIdx is a covering index.  No need to access the main table. */
@@ -2079,7 +2082,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
       ** a LEFT JOIN: */
       assert( (pWInfo->wctrlFlags & (WHERE_OR_SUBCLAUSE|WHERE_RIGHT_JOIN))==0 );
     }
-  
+ 
     /* Record the instruction used to terminate the loop. */
     if( pLoop->wsFlags & WHERE_ONEROW ){
       pLevel->op = OP_Noop;
@@ -2188,15 +2191,15 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
       pOrTab = pWInfo->pTabList;
     }
 
-    /* Initialize the rowset register to contain NULL. An SQL NULL is 
+    /* Initialize the rowset register to contain NULL. An SQL NULL is
     ** equivalent to an empty rowset.  Or, create an ephemeral index
     ** capable of holding primary keys in the case of a WITHOUT ROWID.
     **
-    ** Also initialize regReturn to contain the address of the instruction 
+    ** Also initialize regReturn to contain the address of the instruction
     ** immediately following the OP_Return at the bottom of the loop. This
     ** is required in a few obscure LEFT JOIN cases where control jumps
-    ** over the top of the loop into the body of it. In this case the 
-    ** correct response for the end-of-loop code (the OP_Return) is to 
+    ** over the top of the loop into the body of it. In this case the
+    ** correct response for the end-of-loop code (the OP_Return) is to
     ** fall through to the next instruction, just as an OP_Next does if
     ** called on an uninitialized cursor.
     */
@@ -2221,7 +2224,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
     **
     ** Actually, each subexpression is converted to "xN AND w" where w is
     ** the "interesting" terms of z - terms that did not originate in the
-    ** ON or USING clause of a LEFT JOIN, and terms that are usable as 
+    ** ON or USING clause of a LEFT JOIN, and terms that are usable as
     ** indices.
     **
     ** This optimization also only applies if the (x1 OR x2 OR ...) term
@@ -2262,7 +2265,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
         /* The extra 0x10000 bit on the opcode is masked off and does not
         ** become part of the new Expr.op.  However, it does make the
         ** op==TK_AND comparison inside of sqlite3PExpr() false, and this
-        ** prevents sqlite3PExpr() from applying the AND short-circuit 
+        ** prevents sqlite3PExpr() from applying the AND short-circuit
         ** optimization, which we do not want here. */
         pAndExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_AND|0x10000, 0, pAndExpr);
       }
@@ -2338,9 +2341,9 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
               **
               ** Use some of the same optimizations as OP_RowSetTest: If iSet
               ** is zero, assume that the key cannot already be present in
-              ** the temp table. And if iSet is -1, assume that there is no 
-              ** need to insert the key into the temp table, as it will never 
-              ** be tested for.  */ 
+              ** the temp table. And if iSet is -1, assume that there is no
+              ** need to insert the key into the temp table, as it will never
+              ** be tested for.  */
               if( iSet ){
                 jmp1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp4Int(v, OP_Found, regRowset, 0, r, nPk);
                 VdbeCoverage(v);
@@ -2379,8 +2382,8 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
           ** If the call to sqlite3WhereBegin() above resulted in a scan that
           ** uses an index, and this is either the first OR-connected term
           ** processed or the index is the same as that used by all previous
-          ** terms, set pCov to the candidate covering index. Otherwise, set 
-          ** pCov to NULL to indicate that no candidate covering index will 
+          ** terms, set pCov to the candidate covering index. Otherwise, set
+          ** pCov to NULL to indicate that no candidate covering index will
           ** be available.
           */
           pSubLoop = pSubWInfo->a[0].pWLoop;
@@ -2467,7 +2470,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
   **
   ** iLoop==1: Code only expressions that are entirely covered by pIdx.
   ** iLoop==2: Code remaining expressions that do not contain correlated
-  **           sub-queries.  
+  **           sub-queries. 
   ** iLoop==3: Code all remaining expressions.
   **
   ** An effort is made to skip unnecessary iterations of the loop.
@@ -2578,7 +2581,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
                     WO_EQ|WO_IN|WO_IS, 0);
     if( pAlt==0 ) continue;
     if( pAlt->wtFlags & (TERM_CODED) ) continue;
-    if( (pAlt->eOperator & WO_IN) 
+    if( (pAlt->eOperator & WO_IN)
      && ExprUseXSelect(pAlt->pExpr)
      && (pAlt->pExpr->x.pSelect->pEList->nExpr>1)
     ){
@@ -2636,7 +2639,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereCodeOneLoopStart(
   }
 
   /* For a LEFT OUTER JOIN, generate code that will record the fact that
-  ** at least one row of the right table has matched the left table.  
+  ** at least one row of the right table has matched the left table.
   */
   if( pLevel->iLeftJoin ){
     pLevel->addrFirst = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
diff --git a/sqlite/src/whereexpr.c b/sqlite/src/whereexpr.c
index a979b6f2..daf3d5d9 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/whereexpr.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/whereexpr.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 ** the WHERE clause of SQL statements.
 **
 ** This file was originally part of where.c but was split out to improve
-** readability and editabiliity.  This file contains utility routines for
+** readability and editability.  This file contains utility routines for
 ** analyzing Expr objects in the WHERE clause.
 */
 #include "sqliteInt.h"
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ static int isLikeOrGlob(
     ** range search. The third is because the caller assumes that the pattern
     ** consists of at least one character after all escapes have been
     ** removed.  */
-    if( cnt!=0 && 255!=(u8)z[cnt-1] && (cnt>1 || z[0]!=wc[3]) ){
+    if( (cnt>1 || (cnt>0 && z[0]!=wc[3])) && 255!=(u8)z[cnt-1] ){
       Expr *pPrefix;
 
       /* A "complete" match if the pattern ends with "*" or "%" */
@@ -263,8 +263,8 @@ static int isLikeOrGlob(
         **    2019-06-14 https://sqlite.org/src/info/ce8717f0885af975
         **    2019-09-03 https://sqlite.org/src/info/0f0428096f17252a
         */
-        if( pLeft->op!=TK_COLUMN 
-         || sqlite3ExprAffinity(pLeft)!=SQLITE_AFF_TEXT 
+        if( pLeft->op!=TK_COLUMN
+         || sqlite3ExprAffinity(pLeft)!=SQLITE_AFF_TEXT
          || (ALWAYS( ExprUseYTab(pLeft) )
              && ALWAYS(pLeft->y.pTab)
              && IsVirtual(pLeft->y.pTab))  /* Might be numeric */
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ static int isLikeOrGlob(
           ** function, then no OP_Variable will be added to the program.
           ** This causes problems for the sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()
           ** API. To work around them, add a dummy OP_Variable here.
-          */ 
+          */
           int r1 = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
           sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pRight, r1);
           sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(v, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)-1, 0);
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ static int isLikeOrGlob(
 **      9.  column IS NOT NULL           SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL
 **
 ** In every case, "column" must be a column of a virtual table.  If there
-** is a match, set *ppLeft to the "column" expression, set *ppRight to the 
+** is a match, set *ppLeft to the "column" expression, set *ppRight to the
 ** "expr" expression (even though in forms (6) and (8) the column is on the
 ** right and the expression is on the left).  Also set *peOp2 to the
 ** appropriate virtual table operator.  The return value is 1 or 2 if there
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ static WhereTerm *whereNthSubterm(WhereTerm *pTerm, int N){
 **
 ** The following is NOT generated:
 **
-**    x<y OR x>y    -->     x!=y     
+**    x<y OR x>y    -->     x!=y    
 */
 static void whereCombineDisjuncts(
   SrcList *pSrc,         /* the FROM clause */
@@ -605,10 +605,10 @@ static void whereCombineDisjuncts(
 **     WhereTerm.u.pOrInfo->indexable  |=  the cursor number for table T
 **
 ** A subterm is "indexable" if it is of the form
-** "T.C <op> <expr>" where C is any column of table T and 
+** "T.C <op> <expr>" where C is any column of table T and
 ** <op> is one of "=", "<", "<=", ">", ">=", "IS NULL", or "IN".
 ** A subterm is also indexable if it is an AND of two or more
-** subsubterms at least one of which is indexable.  Indexable AND 
+** subsubterms at least one of which is indexable.  Indexable AND
 ** subterms have their eOperator set to WO_AND and they have
 ** u.pAndInfo set to a dynamically allocated WhereAndTerm object.
 **
@@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ static void exprAnalyzeOrTerm(
         if( !db->mallocFailed ){
           for(j=0, pAndTerm=pAndWC->a; j<pAndWC->nTerm; j++, pAndTerm++){
             assert( pAndTerm->pExpr );
-            if( allowedOp(pAndTerm->pExpr->op) 
+            if( allowedOp(pAndTerm->pExpr->op)
              || pAndTerm->eOperator==WO_AUX
             ){
               b |= sqlite3WhereGetMask(&pWInfo->sMaskSet, pAndTerm->leftCursor);
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ static void exprAnalyzeOrTerm(
                                             pOrTerm->leftCursor))==0 ){
           /* This term must be of the form t1.a==t2.b where t2 is in the
           ** chngToIN set but t1 is not.  This term will be either preceded
-          ** or follwed by an inverted copy (t2.b==t1.a).  Skip this term 
+          ** or followed by an inverted copy (t2.b==t1.a).  Skip this term
           ** and use its inversion. */
           testcase( pOrTerm->wtFlags & TERM_COPIED );
           testcase( pOrTerm->wtFlags & TERM_VIRTUAL );
@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@ static void exprAnalyzeOrTerm(
         assert( (pOrTerm->eOperator & (WO_OR|WO_AND))==0 );
         if( pOrTerm->leftCursor!=iCursor ){
           pOrTerm->wtFlags &= ~TERM_OK;
-        }else if( pOrTerm->u.x.leftColumn!=iColumn || (iColumn==XN_EXPR 
+        }else if( pOrTerm->u.x.leftColumn!=iColumn || (iColumn==XN_EXPR
                && sqlite3ExprCompare(pParse, pOrTerm->pExpr->pLeft, pLeft, -1)
         )){
           okToChngToIN = 0;
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ static void exprAnalyzeOrTerm(
     }
 
     /* At this point, okToChngToIN is true if original pTerm satisfies
-    ** case 1.  In that case, construct a new virtual term that is 
+    ** case 1.  In that case, construct a new virtual term that is
     ** pTerm converted into an IN operator.
     */
     if( okToChngToIN ){
@@ -988,7 +988,7 @@ static SQLITE_NOINLINE int exprMightBeIndexed2(
       for(i=0; i<pIdx->nKeyCol; i++){
         if( pIdx->aiColumn[i]!=XN_EXPR ) continue;
         assert( pIdx->bHasExpr );
-        if( sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(pExpr,pIdx->aColExpr->a[i].pExpr,iCur)==0 
+        if( sqlite3ExprCompareSkip(pExpr,pIdx->aColExpr->a[i].pExpr,iCur)==0
           && pExpr->op!=TK_STRING
         ){
           aiCurCol[0] = iCur;
@@ -1008,8 +1008,8 @@ static int exprMightBeIndexed(
 ){
   int i;
 
-  /* If this expression is a vector to the left or right of a 
-  ** inequality constraint (>, <, >= or <=), perform the processing 
+  /* If this expression is a vector to the left or right of a
+  ** inequality constraint (>, <, >= or <=), perform the processing
   ** on the first element of the vector.  */
   assert( TK_GT+1==TK_LE && TK_GT+2==TK_LT && TK_GT+3==TK_GE );
   assert( TK_IS<TK_GE && TK_ISNULL<TK_GE && TK_IN<TK_GE );
@@ -1064,8 +1064,8 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
   WhereTerm *pTerm;                /* The term to be analyzed */
   WhereMaskSet *pMaskSet;          /* Set of table index masks */
   Expr *pExpr;                     /* The expression to be analyzed */
-  Bitmask prereqLeft;              /* Prerequesites of the pExpr->pLeft */
-  Bitmask prereqAll;               /* Prerequesites of pExpr */
+  Bitmask prereqLeft;              /* Prerequisites of the pExpr->pLeft */
+  Bitmask prereqAll;               /* Prerequisites of pExpr */
   Bitmask extraRight = 0;          /* Extra dependencies on LEFT JOIN */
   Expr *pStr1 = 0;                 /* RHS of LIKE/GLOB operator */
   int isComplete = 0;              /* RHS of LIKE/GLOB ends with wildcard */
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
       pTerm->eOperator = operatorMask(op) & opMask;
     }
     if( op==TK_IS ) pTerm->wtFlags |= TERM_IS;
-    if( pRight 
+    if( pRight
      && exprMightBeIndexed(pSrc, aiCurCol, pRight, op)
      && !ExprHasProperty(pRight, EP_FixedCol)
     ){
@@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
       pNew->prereqRight = prereqLeft | extraRight;
       pNew->prereqAll = prereqAll;
       pNew->eOperator = (operatorMask(pDup->op) + eExtraOp) & opMask;
-    }else 
+    }else
     if( op==TK_ISNULL
      && !ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_OuterON)
      && 0==sqlite3ExprCanBeNull(pLeft)
@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
     for(i=0; i<2; i++){
       Expr *pNewExpr;
       int idxNew;
-      pNewExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, ops[i], 
+      pNewExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, ops[i],
                              sqlite3ExprDup(db, pExpr->pLeft, 0),
                              sqlite3ExprDup(db, pList->a[i].pExpr, 0));
       transferJoinMarkings(pNewExpr, pExpr);
@@ -1284,11 +1284,11 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
       Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
       int idxNew;
       WhereTerm *pNewTerm;
-  
+ 
       pNewExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_GT,
                               sqlite3ExprDup(db, pLeft, 0),
                               sqlite3ExprAlloc(db, TK_NULL, 0, 0));
-  
+ 
       idxNew = whereClauseInsert(pWC, pNewExpr,
                                 TERM_VIRTUAL|TERM_DYNAMIC|TERM_VNULL);
       if( idxNew ){
@@ -1338,7 +1338,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
     pStr2 = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pStr1, 0);
     assert( pStr1==0 || !ExprHasProperty(pStr1, EP_IntValue) );
     assert( pStr2==0 || !ExprHasProperty(pStr2, EP_IntValue) );
- 
+
 
     /* Convert the lower bound to upper-case and the upper bound to
     ** lower-case (upper-case is less than lower-case in ASCII) so that
@@ -1361,7 +1361,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
       if( noCase ){
         /* The point is to increment the last character before the first
         ** wildcard.  But if we increment '@', that will push it into the
-        ** alphabetic range where case conversions will mess up the 
+        ** alphabetic range where case conversions will mess up the
         ** inequality.  To avoid this, make sure to also run the full
         ** LIKE on all candidate expressions by clearing the isComplete flag
         */
@@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
   if( (pExpr->op==TK_EQ || pExpr->op==TK_IS)
    && (nLeft = sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pExpr->pLeft))>1
    && sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pExpr->pRight)==nLeft
-   && ( (pExpr->pLeft->flags & EP_xIsSelect)==0 
+   && ( (pExpr->pLeft->flags & EP_xIsSelect)==0
      || (pExpr->pRight->flags & EP_xIsSelect)==0)
    && pWC->op==TK_AND
   ){
@@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
 
   /* If there is a vector IN term - e.g. "(a, b) IN (SELECT ...)" - create
   ** a virtual term for each vector component. The expression object
-  ** used by each such virtual term is pExpr (the full vector IN(...) 
+  ** used by each such virtual term is pExpr (the full vector IN(...)
   ** expression). The WhereTerm.u.x.iField variable identifies the index within
   ** the vector on the LHS that the virtual term represents.
   **
@@ -1480,7 +1480,7 @@ static void exprAnalyze(
       prereqColumn = sqlite3WhereExprUsage(pMaskSet, pLeft);
       if( (prereqExpr & prereqColumn)==0 ){
         Expr *pNewExpr;
-        pNewExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_MATCH, 
+        pNewExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_MATCH,
             0, sqlite3ExprDup(db, pRight, 0));
         if( ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_OuterON) && pNewExpr ){
           ExprSetProperty(pNewExpr, EP_OuterON);
@@ -1548,12 +1548,12 @@ void sqlite3WhereSplit(WhereClause *pWC, Expr *pExpr, u8 op){
 }
 
 /*
-** Add either a LIMIT (if eMatchOp==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT) or 
-** OFFSET (if eMatchOp==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET) term to the 
+** Add either a LIMIT (if eMatchOp==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT) or
+** OFFSET (if eMatchOp==SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET) term to the
 ** where-clause passed as the first argument. The value for the term
 ** is found in register iReg.
 **
-** In the common case where the value is a simple integer 
+** In the common case where the value is a simple integer
 ** (example: "LIMIT 5 OFFSET 10") then the expression codes as a
 ** TK_INTEGER so that it will be available to sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value().
 ** If not, then it codes as a TK_REGISTER expression.
@@ -1633,7 +1633,7 @@ void SQLITE_NOINLINE sqlite3WhereAddLimit(WhereClause *pWC, Select *p){
       if( pWC->a[ii].nChild ){
         /* If this term has child terms, then they are also part of the
         ** pWC->a[] array. So this term can be ignored, as a LIMIT clause
-        ** will only be added if each of the child terms passes the 
+        ** will only be added if each of the child terms passes the
         ** (leftCursor==iCsr) test below.  */
         continue;
       }
@@ -1798,7 +1798,7 @@ Bitmask sqlite3WhereExprListUsage(WhereMaskSet *pMaskSet, ExprList *pList){
 
 
 /*
-** Call exprAnalyze on all terms in a WHERE clause.  
+** Call exprAnalyze on all terms in a WHERE clause. 
 **
 ** Note that exprAnalyze() might add new virtual terms onto the
 ** end of the WHERE clause.  We do not want to analyze these new
@@ -1817,7 +1817,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereExprAnalyze(
 
 /*
 ** For table-valued-functions, transform the function arguments into
-** new WHERE clause terms.  
+** new WHERE clause terms. 
 **
 ** Each function argument translates into an equality constraint against
 ** a HIDDEN column in the table.
@@ -1853,7 +1853,7 @@ void sqlite3WhereTabFuncArgs(
     assert( ExprUseYTab(pColRef) );
     pColRef->y.pTab = pTab;
     pItem->colUsed |= sqlite3ExprColUsed(pColRef);
-    pRhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UPLUS, 
+    pRhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UPLUS,
         sqlite3ExprDup(pParse->db, pArgs->a[j].pExpr, 0), 0);
     pTerm = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_EQ, pColRef, pRhs);
     if( pItem->fg.jointype & (JT_LEFT|JT_RIGHT) ){
diff --git a/sqlite/src/window.c b/sqlite/src/window.c
index a8081aa2..2c449592 100644
--- a/sqlite/src/window.c
+++ b/sqlite/src/window.c
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@
 **   (in this case max()) to process rows sorted in order of (c, d), which
 **   makes things easier for obvious reasons. More generally:
 **
-**     * FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY and HAVING clauses are all moved to 
+**     * FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY and HAVING clauses are all moved to
 **       the sub-query.
 **
 **     * ORDER BY, LIMIT and OFFSET remain part of the parent query.
 **
-**     * Terminals from each of the expression trees that make up the 
+**     * Terminals from each of the expression trees that make up the
 **       select-list and ORDER BY expressions in the parent query are
 **       selected by the sub-query. For the purposes of the transformation,
 **       terminals are column references and aggregate functions.
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@
 **   the same window declaration (the OVER bit), then a single scan may
 **   be used to process more than one window function. For example:
 **
-**     SELECT max(b) OVER (PARTITION BY c ORDER BY d), 
-**            min(e) OVER (PARTITION BY c ORDER BY d) 
+**     SELECT max(b) OVER (PARTITION BY c ORDER BY d),
+**            min(e) OVER (PARTITION BY c ORDER BY d)
 **     FROM t1;
 **
 **   is transformed in the same way as the example above. However:
 **
-**     SELECT max(b) OVER (PARTITION BY c ORDER BY d), 
-**            min(e) OVER (PARTITION BY a ORDER BY b) 
+**     SELECT max(b) OVER (PARTITION BY c ORDER BY d),
+**            min(e) OVER (PARTITION BY a ORDER BY b)
 **     FROM t1;
 **
 **   Must be transformed to:
@@ -114,15 +114,15 @@
 **     first_value(expr)
 **     last_value(expr)
 **     nth_value(expr, N)
-**   
-**   These are the same built-in window functions supported by Postgres. 
+**  
+**   These are the same built-in window functions supported by Postgres.
 **   Although the behaviour of aggregate window functions (functions that
-**   can be used as either aggregates or window funtions) allows them to
+**   can be used as either aggregates or window functions) allows them to
 **   be implemented using an API, built-in window functions are much more
-**   esoteric. Additionally, some window functions (e.g. nth_value()) 
+**   esoteric. Additionally, some window functions (e.g. nth_value())
 **   may only be implemented by caching the entire partition in memory.
 **   As such, some built-in window functions use the same API as aggregate
-**   window functions and some are implemented directly using VDBE 
+**   window functions and some are implemented directly using VDBE
 **   instructions. Additionally, for those functions that use the API, the
 **   window frame is sometimes modified before the SELECT statement is
 **   rewritten. For example, regardless of the specified window frame, the
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 **
 **   As well as some of the built-in window functions, aggregate window
 **   functions min() and max() are implemented using VDBE instructions if
-**   the start of the window frame is declared as anything other than 
+**   the start of the window frame is declared as anything other than
 **   UNBOUNDED PRECEDING.
 */
 
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
 **   ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
 */
 static void row_numberStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -173,10 +173,10 @@ struct CallCount {
 ** Implementation of built-in window function dense_rank(). Assumes that
 ** the window frame has been set to:
 **
-**   RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW 
+**   RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
 */
 static void dense_rankStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ struct NthValueCtx {
   sqlite3_value *pValue;
 };
 static void nth_valueStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ static void nth_valueFinalizeFunc(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 #define nth_valueValueFunc noopValueFunc
 
 static void first_valueStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -292,10 +292,10 @@ static void first_valueFinalizeFunc(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 ** Implementation of built-in window function rank(). Assumes that
 ** the window frame has been set to:
 **
-**   RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW 
+**   RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
 */
 static void rankStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ static void rankValueFunc(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 **   GROUPS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
 */
 static void percent_rankStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ static void percent_rankStepFunc(
   }
 }
 static void percent_rankInvFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ static void percent_rankValueFunc(sqlite3_context *pCtx){
 **   GROUPS BETWEEN 1 FOLLOWING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
 */
 static void cume_distStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ static void cume_distStepFunc(
   }
 }
 static void cume_distInvFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ struct NtileCtx {
 **   ROWS CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
 */
 static void ntileStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ static void ntileStepFunc(
   }
 }
 static void ntileInvFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ struct LastValueCtx {
 ** Implementation of last_value().
 */
 static void last_valueStepFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ static void last_valueStepFunc(
   }
 }
 static void last_valueInvFunc(
-  sqlite3_context *pCtx, 
+  sqlite3_context *pCtx,
   int nArg,
   sqlite3_value **apArg
 ){
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ static Window *windowFind(Parse *pParse, Window *pList, const char *zName){
 ** is the Window object representing the associated OVER clause. This
 ** function updates the contents of pWin as follows:
 **
-**   * If the OVER clause refered to a named window (as in "max(x) OVER win"),
+**   * If the OVER clause referred to a named window (as in "max(x) OVER win"),
 **     search list pList for a matching WINDOW definition, and update pWin
 **     accordingly. If no such WINDOW clause can be found, leave an error
 **     in pParse.
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ static Window *windowFind(Parse *pParse, Window *pList, const char *zName){
 **     of this file), pWin is updated here.
 */
 void sqlite3WindowUpdate(
-  Parse *pParse, 
+  Parse *pParse,
   Window *pList,                  /* List of named windows for this SELECT */
   Window *pWin,                   /* Window frame to update */
   FuncDef *pFunc                  /* Window function definition */
@@ -677,17 +677,17 @@ void sqlite3WindowUpdate(
     sqlite3WindowChain(pParse, pWin, pList);
   }
   if( (pWin->eFrmType==TK_RANGE)
-   && (pWin->pStart || pWin->pEnd) 
+   && (pWin->pStart || pWin->pEnd)
    && (pWin->pOrderBy==0 || pWin->pOrderBy->nExpr!=1)
   ){
-    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
       "RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING requires one ORDER BY expression"
     );
   }else
   if( pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_WINDOW ){
     sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
     if( pWin->pFilter ){
-      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+      sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
           "FILTER clause may only be used with aggregate window functions"
       );
     }else{
@@ -697,14 +697,14 @@ void sqlite3WindowUpdate(
         int eStart;
         int eEnd;
       } aUp[] = {
-        { row_numberName,   TK_ROWS,   TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT }, 
-        { dense_rankName,   TK_RANGE,  TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT }, 
-        { rankName,         TK_RANGE,  TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT }, 
-        { percent_rankName, TK_GROUPS, TK_CURRENT,   TK_UNBOUNDED }, 
-        { cume_distName,    TK_GROUPS, TK_FOLLOWING, TK_UNBOUNDED }, 
-        { ntileName,        TK_ROWS,   TK_CURRENT,   TK_UNBOUNDED }, 
-        { leadName,         TK_ROWS,   TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_UNBOUNDED }, 
-        { lagName,          TK_ROWS,   TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT }, 
+        { row_numberName,   TK_ROWS,   TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT },
+        { dense_rankName,   TK_RANGE,  TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT },
+        { rankName,         TK_RANGE,  TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT },
+        { percent_rankName, TK_GROUPS, TK_CURRENT,   TK_UNBOUNDED },
+        { cume_distName,    TK_GROUPS, TK_FOLLOWING, TK_UNBOUNDED },
+        { ntileName,        TK_ROWS,   TK_CURRENT,   TK_UNBOUNDED },
+        { leadName,         TK_ROWS,   TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_UNBOUNDED },
+        { lagName,          TK_ROWS,   TK_UNBOUNDED, TK_CURRENT },
       };
       int i;
       for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aUp); i++){
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ struct WindowRewrite {
 
 /*
 ** Callback function used by selectWindowRewriteEList(). If necessary,
-** this function appends to the output expression-list and updates 
+** this function appends to the output expression-list and updates
 ** expression (*ppExpr) in place.
 */
 static int selectWindowRewriteExprCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
@@ -847,16 +847,16 @@ static int selectWindowRewriteSelectCb(Walker *pWalker, Select *pSelect){
 **
 **   * TK_COLUMN,
 **   * aggregate function, or
-**   * window function with a Window object that is not a member of the 
+**   * window function with a Window object that is not a member of the
 **     Window list passed as the second argument (pWin).
 **
 ** Append the node to output expression-list (*ppSub). And replace it
-** with a TK_COLUMN that reads the (N-1)th element of table 
+** with a TK_COLUMN that reads the (N-1)th element of table
 ** pWin->iEphCsr, where N is the number of elements in (*ppSub) after
 ** appending the new one.
 */
 static void selectWindowRewriteEList(
-  Parse *pParse, 
+  Parse *pParse,
   Window *pWin,
   SrcList *pSrc,
   ExprList *pEList,               /* Rewrite expressions in this list */
@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ static int disallowAggregatesInOrderByCb(Walker *pWalker, Expr *pExpr){
 
 /*
 ** If the SELECT statement passed as the second argument does not invoke
-** any SQL window functions, this function is a no-op. Otherwise, it 
+** any SQL window functions, this function is a no-op. Otherwise, it
 ** rewrites the SELECT statement so that window function xStep functions
 ** are invoked in the correct order as described under "SELECT REWRITING"
 ** at the top of this file.
@@ -1023,8 +1023,8 @@ int sqlite3WindowRewrite(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
     selectWindowRewriteEList(pParse, pMWin, pSrc, p->pOrderBy, pTab, &pSublist);
     pMWin->nBufferCol = (pSublist ? pSublist->nExpr : 0);
 
-    /* Append the PARTITION BY and ORDER BY expressions to the to the 
-    ** sub-select expression list. They are required to figure out where 
+    /* Append the PARTITION BY and ORDER BY expressions to the to the
+    ** sub-select expression list. They are required to figure out where
     ** boundaries for partitions and sets of peer rows lie.  */
     pSublist = exprListAppendList(pParse, pSublist, pMWin->pPartition, 0);
     pSublist = exprListAppendList(pParse, pSublist, pMWin->pOrderBy, 0);
@@ -1058,11 +1058,11 @@ int sqlite3WindowRewrite(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
     /* If there is no ORDER BY or PARTITION BY clause, and the window
     ** function accepts zero arguments, and there are no other columns
     ** selected (e.g. "SELECT row_number() OVER () FROM t1"), it is possible
-    ** that pSublist is still NULL here. Add a constant expression here to 
-    ** keep everything legal in this case. 
+    ** that pSublist is still NULL here. Add a constant expression here to
+    ** keep everything legal in this case.
     */
     if( pSublist==0 ){
-      pSublist = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, 
+      pSublist = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0,
         sqlite3Expr(db, TK_INTEGER, "0")
       );
     }
@@ -1248,10 +1248,10 @@ Window *sqlite3WindowAlloc(
 ** equivalent nul-terminated string.
 */
 Window *sqlite3WindowAssemble(
-  Parse *pParse, 
-  Window *pWin, 
-  ExprList *pPartition, 
-  ExprList *pOrderBy, 
+  Parse *pParse,
+  Window *pWin,
+  ExprList *pPartition,
+  ExprList *pOrderBy,
   Token *pBase
 ){
   if( pWin ){
@@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ Window *sqlite3WindowAssemble(
 }
 
 /*
-** Window *pWin has just been created from a WINDOW clause. Tokne pBase
+** Window *pWin has just been created from a WINDOW clause. Token pBase
 ** is the base window. Earlier windows from the same WINDOW clause are
 ** stored in the linked list starting at pWin->pNextWin. This function
 ** either updates *pWin according to the base specification, or else
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ void sqlite3WindowChain(Parse *pParse, Window *pWin, Window *pList){
         zErr = "frame specification";
       }
       if( zErr ){
-        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
             "cannot override %s of window: %s", zErr, pWin->zBase
         );
       }else{
@@ -1312,8 +1312,9 @@ void sqlite3WindowAttach(Parse *pParse, Expr *p, Window *pWin){
   if( p ){
     assert( p->op==TK_FUNCTION );
     assert( pWin );
+    assert( ExprIsFullSize(p) );
     p->y.pWin = pWin;
-    ExprSetProperty(p, EP_WinFunc);
+    ExprSetProperty(p, EP_WinFunc|EP_FullSize);
     pWin->pOwner = p;
     if( (p->flags & EP_Distinct) && pWin->eFrmType!=TK_FILTER ){
       sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
@@ -1540,7 +1541,7 @@ struct WindowCsrAndReg {
 };
 
 /*
-** A single instance of this structure is allocated on the stack by 
+** A single instance of this structure is allocated on the stack by
 ** sqlite3WindowCodeStep() and a pointer to it passed to the various helper
 ** routines. This is to reduce the number of arguments required by each
 ** helper function.
@@ -1574,7 +1575,7 @@ struct WindowCsrAndReg {
 **
 **     (ORDER BY a, b GROUPS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
 **
-**   The windows functions implmentation caches the input rows in a temp
+**   The windows functions implementation caches the input rows in a temp
 **   table, sorted by "a, b" (it actually populates the cache lazily, and
 **   aggressively removes rows once they are no longer required, but that's
 **   a mere detail). It keeps three cursors open on the temp table. One
@@ -1587,7 +1588,7 @@ struct WindowCsrAndReg {
 **
 **   Each cursor (start, current and end) consists of a VDBE cursor
 **   (WindowCsrAndReg.csr) and an array of registers (starting at
-**   WindowCodeArg.reg) that always contains a copy of the peer values 
+**   WindowCodeArg.reg) that always contains a copy of the peer values
 **   read from the corresponding cursor.
 **
 **   Depending on the window-frame in question, all three cursors may not
@@ -1632,8 +1633,8 @@ static void windowReadPeerValues(
 }
 
 /*
-** Generate VM code to invoke either xStep() (if bInverse is 0) or 
-** xInverse (if bInverse is non-zero) for each window function in the 
+** Generate VM code to invoke either xStep() (if bInverse is 0) or
+** xInverse (if bInverse is non-zero) for each window function in the
 ** linked list starting at pMWin. Or, for built-in window functions
 ** that do not use the standard function API, generate the required
 ** inline VM code.
@@ -1682,7 +1683,7 @@ static void windowAggStep(
     regArg = reg;
 
     if( pMWin->regStartRowid==0
-     && (pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX) 
+     && (pFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX)
      && (pWin->eStart!=TK_UNBOUNDED)
     ){
       int addrIsNull = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_IsNull, regArg);
@@ -1718,7 +1719,7 @@ static void windowAggStep(
         VdbeCoverage(v);
         sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, regTmp);
       }
-      
+     
       if( pWin->bExprArgs ){
         int iOp = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
         int iEnd;
@@ -1742,7 +1743,7 @@ static void windowAggStep(
         pColl = sqlite3ExprNNCollSeq(pParse, pWin->pOwner->x.pList->a[0].pExpr);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_CollSeq, 0,0,0, (const char*)pColl, P4_COLLSEQ);
       }
-      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, bInverse? OP_AggInverse : OP_AggStep, 
+      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, bInverse? OP_AggInverse : OP_AggStep,
                         bInverse, regArg, pWin->regAccum);
       sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, pFunc, P4_FUNCDEF);
       sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, (u8)nArg);
@@ -1775,7 +1776,7 @@ static void windowAggFinal(WindowCodeArg *p, int bFin){
 
   for(pWin=pMWin; pWin; pWin=pWin->pNextWin){
     if( pMWin->regStartRowid==0
-     && (pWin->pWFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX) 
+     && (pWin->pWFunc->funcFlags & SQLITE_FUNC_MINMAX)
      && (pWin->eStart!=TK_UNBOUNDED)
     ){
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, pWin->regResult);
@@ -1932,7 +1933,7 @@ static void windowReturnOneRow(WindowCodeArg *p){
         int lbl = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
         int tmpReg = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, pWin->regResult);
-  
+ 
         if( pFunc->zName==nth_valueName ){
           sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column,pMWin->iEphCsr,pWin->iArgCol+1,tmpReg);
           windowCheckValue(pParse, tmpReg, 2);
@@ -1954,7 +1955,7 @@ static void windowReturnOneRow(WindowCodeArg *p){
         int lbl = sqlite3VdbeMakeLabel(pParse);
         int tmpReg = sqlite3GetTempReg(pParse);
         int iEph = pMWin->iEphCsr;
-  
+ 
         if( nArg<3 ){
           sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Null, 0, pWin->regResult);
         }else{
@@ -1971,7 +1972,7 @@ static void windowReturnOneRow(WindowCodeArg *p){
           sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, op, tmpReg2, tmpReg, tmpReg);
           sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(pParse, tmpReg2);
         }
-  
+ 
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SeekRowid, csr, lbl, tmpReg);
         VdbeCoverage(v);
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Column, csr, pWin->iArgCol, pWin->regResult);
@@ -2017,7 +2018,7 @@ static int windowInitAccum(Parse *pParse, Window *pMWin){
   return regArg;
 }
 
-/* 
+/*
 ** Return true if the current frame should be cached in the ephemeral table,
 ** even if there are no xInverse() calls required.
 */
@@ -2041,9 +2042,9 @@ static int windowCacheFrame(Window *pMWin){
 ** regOld and regNew are each the first register in an array of size
 ** pOrderBy->nExpr. This function generates code to compare the two
 ** arrays of registers using the collation sequences and other comparison
-** parameters specified by pOrderBy. 
+** parameters specified by pOrderBy.
 **
-** If the two arrays are not equal, the contents of regNew is copied to 
+** If the two arrays are not equal, the contents of regNew is copied to
 ** regOld and control falls through. Otherwise, if the contents of the arrays
 ** are equal, an OP_Goto is executed. The address of the OP_Goto is returned.
 */
@@ -2060,7 +2061,7 @@ static void windowIfNewPeer(
     KeyInfo *pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoFromExprList(pParse, pOrderBy, 0, 0);
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Compare, regOld, regNew, nVal);
     sqlite3VdbeAppendP4(v, (void*)pKeyInfo, P4_KEYINFO);
-    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Jump, 
+    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Jump,
       sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+1, addr, sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v)+1
     );
     VdbeCoverageEqNe(v);
@@ -2094,7 +2095,7 @@ static void windowIfNewPeer(
 ** or subtraction is a a copy of csr1.peerVal.
 */
 static void windowCodeRangeTest(
-  WindowCodeArg *p, 
+  WindowCodeArg *p,
   int op,                         /* OP_Ge, OP_Gt, or OP_Le */
   int csr1,                       /* Cursor number for cursor 1 */
   int regVal,                     /* Register containing non-negative number */
@@ -2132,8 +2133,8 @@ static void windowCodeRangeTest(
       ((op==OP_Ge) ? ">=" : (op==OP_Le) ? "<=" : (op==OP_Gt) ? ">" : "<"), reg2
   ));
 
-  /* If the BIGNULL flag is set for the ORDER BY, then it is required to 
-  ** consider NULL values to be larger than all other values, instead of 
+  /* If the BIGNULL flag is set for the ORDER BY, then it is required to
+  ** consider NULL values to be larger than all other values, instead of
   ** the usual smaller. The VDBE opcodes OP_Ge and so on do not handle this
   ** (and adding that capability causes a performance regression), so
   ** instead if the BIGNULL flag is set then cases where either reg1 or
@@ -2148,23 +2149,23 @@ static void windowCodeRangeTest(
   **     if( op==OP_Le ) goto lbl;
   **   }
   **
-  ** Additionally, if either reg1 or reg2 are NULL but the jump to lbl is 
+  ** Additionally, if either reg1 or reg2 are NULL but the jump to lbl is
   ** not taken, control jumps over the comparison operator coded below this
   ** block.  */
   if( pOrderBy->a[0].fg.sortFlags & KEYINFO_ORDER_BIGNULL ){
     /* This block runs if reg1 contains a NULL. */
     int addr = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_NotNull, reg1); VdbeCoverage(v);
     switch( op ){
-      case OP_Ge: 
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, lbl); 
+      case OP_Ge:
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Goto, 0, lbl);
         break;
-      case OP_Gt: 
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, reg2, lbl); 
-        VdbeCoverage(v); 
+      case OP_Gt:
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NotNull, reg2, lbl);
+        VdbeCoverage(v);
         break;
-      case OP_Le: 
-        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, reg2, lbl); 
-        VdbeCoverage(v); 
+      case OP_Le:
+        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_IsNull, reg2, lbl);
+        VdbeCoverage(v);
         break;
       default: assert( op==OP_Lt ); /* no-op */ break;
     }
@@ -2221,7 +2222,7 @@ static void windowCodeRangeTest(
 
 /*
 ** Helper function for sqlite3WindowCodeStep(). Each call to this function
-** generates VM code for a single RETURN_ROW, AGGSTEP or AGGINVERSE 
+** generates VM code for a single RETURN_ROW, AGGSTEP or AGGINVERSE
 ** operation. Refer to the header comment for sqlite3WindowCodeStep() for
 ** details.
 */
@@ -2280,8 +2281,8 @@ static int windowCodeOp(
   addrContinue = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v);
 
   /* If this is a (RANGE BETWEEN a FOLLOWING AND b FOLLOWING) or
-  ** (RANGE BETWEEN b PRECEDING AND a PRECEDING) frame, ensure the 
-  ** start cursor does not advance past the end cursor within the 
+  ** (RANGE BETWEEN b PRECEDING AND a PRECEDING) frame, ensure the
+  ** start cursor does not advance past the end cursor within the
   ** temporary table. It otherwise might, if (a>b). Also ensure that,
   ** if the input cursor is still finding new rows, that the end
   ** cursor does not go past it to EOF. */
@@ -2422,11 +2423,11 @@ Window *sqlite3WindowListDup(sqlite3 *db, Window *p){
 }
 
 /*
-** Return true if it can be determined at compile time that expression 
-** pExpr evaluates to a value that, when cast to an integer, is greater 
+** Return true if it can be determined at compile time that expression
+** pExpr evaluates to a value that, when cast to an integer, is greater
 ** than zero. False otherwise.
 **
-** If an OOM error occurs, this function sets the Parse.db.mallocFailed 
+** If an OOM error occurs, this function sets the Parse.db.mallocFailed
 ** flag and returns zero.
 */
 static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
@@ -2442,11 +2443,11 @@ static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 }
 
 /*
-** sqlite3WhereBegin() has already been called for the SELECT statement 
+** sqlite3WhereBegin() has already been called for the SELECT statement
 ** passed as the second argument when this function is invoked. It generates
-** code to populate the Window.regResult register for each window function 
+** code to populate the Window.regResult register for each window function
 ** and invoke the sub-routine at instruction addrGosub once for each row.
-** sqlite3WhereEnd() is always called before returning. 
+** sqlite3WhereEnd() is always called before returning.
 **
 ** This function handles several different types of window frames, which
 ** require slightly different processing. The following pseudo code is
@@ -2461,17 +2462,17 @@ static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 **         Gosub flush
 **       }
 **       Insert new row into eph table.
-**       
+**      
 **       if( first row of partition ){
 **         // Rewind three cursors, all open on the eph table.
 **         Rewind(csrEnd);
 **         Rewind(csrStart);
 **         Rewind(csrCurrent);
-**       
+**      
 **         regEnd = <expr2>          // FOLLOWING expression
 **         regStart = <expr1>        // PRECEDING expression
 **       }else{
-**         // First time this branch is taken, the eph table contains two 
+**         // First time this branch is taken, the eph table contains two
 **         // rows. The first row in the partition, which all three cursors
 **         // currently point to, and the following row.
 **         AGGSTEP
@@ -2500,17 +2501,17 @@ static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 **               with arguments read from the current row of cursor csrEnd, then
 **               step cursor csrEnd forward one row (i.e. sqlite3BtreeNext()).
 **
-**   RETURN_ROW: return a row to the caller based on the contents of the 
-**               current row of csrCurrent and the current state of all 
+**   RETURN_ROW: return a row to the caller based on the contents of the
+**               current row of csrCurrent and the current state of all
 **               aggregates. Then step cursor csrCurrent forward one row.
 **
-**   AGGINVERSE: invoke the aggregate xInverse() function for each window 
+**   AGGINVERSE: invoke the aggregate xInverse() function for each window
 **               functions with arguments read from the current row of cursor
 **               csrStart. Then step csrStart forward one row.
 **
 ** There are two other ROWS window frames that are handled significantly
 ** differently from the above - "BETWEEN <expr> PRECEDING AND <expr> PRECEDING"
-** and "BETWEEN <expr> FOLLOWING AND <expr> FOLLOWING". These are special 
+** and "BETWEEN <expr> FOLLOWING AND <expr> FOLLOWING". These are special
 ** cases because they change the order in which the three cursors (csrStart,
 ** csrCurrent and csrEnd) iterate through the ephemeral table. Cases that
 ** use UNBOUNDED or CURRENT ROW are much simpler variations on one of these
@@ -2583,7 +2584,7 @@ static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 **
 ** For the most part, the patterns above are adapted to support UNBOUNDED by
 ** assuming that it is equivalent to "infinity PRECEDING/FOLLOWING" and
-** CURRENT ROW by assuming that it is equivilent to "0 PRECEDING/FOLLOWING".
+** CURRENT ROW by assuming that it is equivalent to "0 PRECEDING/FOLLOWING".
 ** This is optimized of course - branches that will never be taken and
 ** conditions that are always true are omitted from the VM code. The only
 ** exceptional case is:
@@ -2660,15 +2661,15 @@ static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 **           regEnd = <expr2>
 **           regStart = <expr1>
 **         }else if( new group ){
-**           ... 
+**           ...
 **         }
 **       }
 **
-**   2. Instead of processing a single row, each RETURN_ROW, AGGSTEP or 
+**   2. Instead of processing a single row, each RETURN_ROW, AGGSTEP or
 **      AGGINVERSE step processes the current row of the relevant cursor and
 **      all subsequent rows belonging to the same group.
 **
-** RANGE window frames are a little different again. As for GROUPS, the 
+** RANGE window frames are a little different again. As for GROUPS, the
 ** main loop runs once per group only. And RETURN_ROW, AGGSTEP and AGGINVERSE
 ** deal in groups instead of rows. As for ROWS and GROUPS, there are three
 ** basic cases:
@@ -2705,7 +2706,7 @@ static int windowExprGtZero(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr){
 **         }
 **       }
 **
-** In the above notation, "csr.key" means the current value of the ORDER BY 
+** In the above notation, "csr.key" means the current value of the ORDER BY
 ** expression (there is only ever 1 for a RANGE that uses an <expr> FOLLOWING
 ** or <expr PRECEDING) read from cursor csr.
 **
@@ -2804,11 +2805,11 @@ void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(
   int regStart = 0;               /* Value of <expr> PRECEDING */
   int regEnd = 0;                 /* Value of <expr> FOLLOWING */
 
-  assert( pMWin->eStart==TK_PRECEDING || pMWin->eStart==TK_CURRENT 
-       || pMWin->eStart==TK_FOLLOWING || pMWin->eStart==TK_UNBOUNDED 
+  assert( pMWin->eStart==TK_PRECEDING || pMWin->eStart==TK_CURRENT
+       || pMWin->eStart==TK_FOLLOWING || pMWin->eStart==TK_UNBOUNDED
   );
-  assert( pMWin->eEnd==TK_FOLLOWING || pMWin->eEnd==TK_CURRENT 
-       || pMWin->eEnd==TK_UNBOUNDED || pMWin->eEnd==TK_PRECEDING 
+  assert( pMWin->eEnd==TK_FOLLOWING || pMWin->eEnd==TK_CURRENT
+       || pMWin->eEnd==TK_UNBOUNDED || pMWin->eEnd==TK_PRECEDING
   );
   assert( pMWin->eExclude==0 || pMWin->eExclude==TK_CURRENT
        || pMWin->eExclude==TK_GROUP || pMWin->eExclude==TK_TIES
@@ -2830,9 +2831,9 @@ void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(
   s.end.csr = s.current.csr+3;
 
   /* Figure out when rows may be deleted from the ephemeral table. There
-  ** are four options - they may never be deleted (eDelete==0), they may 
+  ** are four options - they may never be deleted (eDelete==0), they may
   ** be deleted as soon as they are no longer part of the window frame
-  ** (eDelete==WINDOW_AGGINVERSE), they may be deleted as after the row 
+  ** (eDelete==WINDOW_AGGINVERSE), they may be deleted as after the row
   ** has been returned to the caller (WINDOW_RETURN_ROW), or they may
   ** be deleted after they enter the frame (WINDOW_AGGSTEP). */
   switch( pMWin->eStart ){
@@ -2862,7 +2863,7 @@ void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(
   }
 
   /* Allocate registers for the array of values from the sub-query, the
-  ** samve values in record form, and the rowid used to insert said record
+  ** same values in record form, and the rowid used to insert said record
   ** into the ephemeral table.  */
   regNew = pParse->nMem+1;
   pParse->nMem += nInput;
@@ -2880,7 +2881,7 @@ void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(
   }
 
   /* If this is not a "ROWS BETWEEN ..." frame, then allocate arrays of
-  ** registers to store copies of the ORDER BY expressions (peer values) 
+  ** registers to store copies of the ORDER BY expressions (peer values)
   ** for the main loop, and for each cursor (start, current and end). */
   if( pMWin->eFrmType!=TK_ROWS ){
     int nPeer = (pOrderBy ? pOrderBy->nExpr : 0);
@@ -2901,7 +2902,7 @@ void sqlite3WindowCodeStep(
   sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_MakeRecord, regNew, nInput, regRecord);
 
   /* An input row has just been read into an array of registers starting
-  ** at regNew. If the window has a PARTITION clause, this block generates 
+  ** at regNew. If the window has a PARTITION clause, this block generates
   ** VM code to check if the input row is the start of a new partition.
   ** If so, it does an OP_Gosub to an address to be filled in later. The
   ** address of the OP_Gosub is stored in local variable addrGosubFlush. */
diff --git a/sqlite/test/aggnested.test b/sqlite/test/aggnested.test
index 1b8b6088..5f033a24 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/aggnested.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/aggnested.test
@@ -25,19 +25,19 @@ do_test aggnested-1.1 {
     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1), (2), (3);
     CREATE TABLE t2(b1 INTEGER);
     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(4), (5);
-    SELECT (SELECT group_concat(a1,'x') FROM t2) FROM t1;
+    SELECT (SELECT string_agg(a1,'x') FROM t2) FROM t1;
   }
 } {1x2x3}
 do_test aggnested-1.2 {
   db eval {
     SELECT
-     (SELECT group_concat(a1,'x') || '-' || group_concat(b1,'y') FROM t2)
+     (SELECT string_agg(a1,'x') || '-' || string_agg(b1,'y') FROM t2)
     FROM t1;
   }
 } {1x2x3-4y5}
 do_test aggnested-1.3 {
   db eval {
-    SELECT (SELECT group_concat(b1,a1) FROM t2) FROM t1;
+    SELECT (SELECT string_agg(b1,a1) FROM t2) FROM t1;
   }
 } {415 425 435}
 do_test aggnested-1.4 {
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ do_execsql_test 5.4 {
 do_execsql_test 5.5 {
   CREATE TABLE a(b);
   WITH c AS(SELECT a)
-    SELECT(SELECT(SELECT group_concat(b, b)
+    SELECT(SELECT(SELECT string_agg(b, b)
           LIMIT(SELECT 0.100000 *
             AVG(DISTINCT(SELECT 0 FROM a ORDER BY b, b, b))))
         FROM a GROUP BY b,
diff --git a/sqlite/test/aggorderby.test b/sqlite/test/aggorderby.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f94c5ec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/aggorderby.test
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+# 2023-10-18
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# This file implements tests for ORDER BY on aggregate functions.
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-1.1 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a TEXT,b INT,c INT,d INT);
+  WITH RECURSIVE c(x) AS (VALUES(0) UNION ALL SELECT x+1 FROM c WHERE x<9)
+  INSERT INTO t1(a,b,c,d) SELECT printf('%d',(x*7)%10),1,x,10-x FROM c;
+  INSERT INTO t1(a,b,c,d) SELECT a, 2, c, 10-d FROM t1;
+  CREATE INDEX t1b ON t1(b);
+}
+do_catchsql_test aggorderby-1.2 {
+  SELECT b, group_concat(a ORDER BY max(d)) FROM t1 GROUP BY b;
+} {1 {misuse of aggregate function max()}}
+do_catchsql_test aggorderby-1.3 {
+  SELECT abs(a ORDER BY max(d)) FROM t1;
+} {1 {ORDER BY may not be used with non-aggregate abs()}}
+
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-2.0 {
+  SELECT group_concat(a ORDER BY a) FROM t1 WHERE b=1;
+} {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-2.1 {
+  SELECT group_concat(a ORDER BY c) FROM t1 WHERE b=1;
+} {0,7,4,1,8,5,2,9,6,3}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-2.2 {
+  SELECT group_concat(a ORDER BY b, d) FROM t1;
+} {3,6,9,2,5,8,1,4,7,0,0,7,4,1,8,5,2,9,6,3}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-2.3 {
+  SELECT string_agg(a, ',' ORDER BY b DESC, d) FROM t1;
+} {0,7,4,1,8,5,2,9,6,3,3,6,9,2,5,8,1,4,7,0}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-2.4 {
+  SELECT b, group_concat(a ORDER BY d) FROM t1 GROUP BY b ORDER BY b;
+} {1 3,6,9,2,5,8,1,4,7,0 2 0,7,4,1,8,5,2,9,6,3}
+
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-3.0 {
+  SELECT group_concat(DISTINCT a ORDER BY a) FROM t1;
+} {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-3.1 {
+  SELECT group_concat(DISTINCT a ORDER BY c) FROM t1;
+} {0,7,4,1,8,5,2,9,6,3}
+
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-4.0 {
+  SELECT count(ORDER BY a) FROM t1;
+} 20
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-4.1 {
+  SELECT c, max(a ORDER BY a) FROM t1;
+} {7 9}
+
+
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-5.0 {
+  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
+  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t3;
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a TEXT);  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('aaa'),('bbb');
+  CREATE TABLE t3(d TEXT);  INSERT INTO t3 VALUES('/'),('-');
+  SELECT (SELECT string_agg(a,d) FROM t3) FROM t1;
+} {aaa-aaa bbb-bbb}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-5.1 {
+  SELECT (SELECT group_concat(a,d ORDER BY d) FROM t3) FROM t1;
+} {aaa/aaa bbb/bbb}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-5.2 {
+  SELECT (SELECT string_agg(a,d ORDER BY d DESC) FROM t3) FROM t1;
+} {aaa-aaa bbb-bbb}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-5.3 {
+  SELECT (SELECT string_agg(a,'#' ORDER BY d) FROM t3) FROM t1;
+} {aaa#aaa bbb#bbb}
+
+# COLLATE works on the ORDER BY.
+#
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-6.0 {
+  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES('abc'),('DEF'),('xyz'),('ABC'),('XYZ'))
+  SELECT string_agg(x,',' ORDER BY x COLLATE nocase),
+         string_agg(x,',' ORDER BY x) FROM c;
+} {abc,ABC,DEF,xyz,XYZ ABC,DEF,XYZ,abc,xyz}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-6.1 {
+  WITH c(x,y) AS (VALUES(1,'a'),(2,'B'),(3,'c'),(4,'D'))
+  SELECT group_concat(x ORDER BY y COLLATE nocase),
+         group_concat(x ORDER BY y COLLATE binary) FROM c;
+} {1,2,3,4 2,4,1,3}
+
+# NULLS FIRST and NULLS LAST work on the ORDER BY
+#
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-7.0 {
+  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(1),(NULL),(2.5),(NULL),('three'))
+  SELECT json_group_array(x ORDER BY x NULLS FIRST),
+         json_group_array(x ORDER BY x NULLS LAST) FROM c;
+} {[null,null,1,2.5,"three"] [1,2.5,"three",null,null]}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-7.1 {
+  WITH c(x,y) AS (VALUES(1,9),(2,null),(3,5),(4,null),(5,1))
+  SELECT json_group_array(x ORDER BY y NULLS FIRST, x),
+         json_group_array(x ORDER BY y NULLS LAST, x) FROM c;
+} {[2,4,5,3,1] [5,3,1,2,4]}
+
+# The DISTINCT only applies to the function arguments, not to the
+# ORDER BY arguments.
+#
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-8.0 {
+  WITH c(x,y,z) AS (VALUES('a',4,5),('b',3,6),('c',2,7),('c',1,8))
+  SELECT group_concat(DISTINCT x ORDER BY y, z) FROM c;
+} {c,b,a}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-8.1 {
+  WITH c(x,y,z) AS (VALUES('a',4,5),('b',3,6),('b',2,7),('c',1,8))
+  SELECT group_concat(DISTINCT x ORDER BY y, z) FROM c;
+} {c,b,a}
+do_execsql_test aggorderby-8.2 {
+  WITH c(x,y) AS (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6))
+  SELECT sum(DISTINCT x ORDER BY y) FROM c;
+} 6
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/alter.test b/sqlite/test/alter.test
index 0088858a..ee8e6c0b 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/alter.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/alter.test
@@ -934,5 +934,24 @@ do_execsql_test alter-19.3 {
   SELECT name FROM sqlite_schema WHERE sql LIKE '%t3%' ORDER BY name;
 } {r1 t3}
 
+# 2023-10-14
+# On an ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN with a DEFAULT clause on a STRICT table
+# make sure that the DEFAULT has a compatible type.
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test alter-20.1 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INT) STRICT;
+  INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(45);
+} {}
+do_catchsql_test alter-20.2 {
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN b TEXT DEFAULT x'313233';
+} {1 {type mismatch on DEFAULT}}
+do_execsql_test alter-20.2 {
+  DELETE FROM t1;
+  ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN b TEXT DEFAULT x'313233';
+} {}
+do_catchsql_test alter-20.3 {
+  INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(45);
+} {1 {cannot store BLOB value in TEXT column t1.b}}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/altercol.test b/sqlite/test/altercol.test
index e39793aa..f44aa2e0 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/altercol.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/altercol.test
@@ -343,6 +343,21 @@ do_catchsql_test 8.4.5 {
   ALTER TABLE b1 RENAME a TO aaa;
 } {1 {error in view zzz: no such column: george}}
 
+do_execsql_test 8.5 {
+  DROP VIEW zzz;
+  CREATE TABLE t5(a TEXT, b INT);
+  INSERT INTO t5(a,b) VALUES('aaa',7),('bbb',3),('ccc',4);
+  CREATE VIEW vt5(x) AS SELECT group_concat(a ORDER BY b) FROM t5;
+  SELECT x FROM vt5;
+} {bbb,ccc,aaa}
+do_execsql_test 8.5.1 {
+  ALTER TABLE t5 RENAME COLUMN b TO bbb;
+  SELECT sql FROM sqlite_schema WHERE name='vt5';
+} {{CREATE VIEW vt5(x) AS SELECT group_concat(a ORDER BY bbb) FROM t5}}
+do_execsql_test 8.5.2 {
+  SELECT x FROM vt5;
+} {bbb,ccc,aaa}
+
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # More triggers.
 #
diff --git a/sqlite/test/altermalloc3.test b/sqlite/test/altermalloc3.test
index 2dc0b46f..47efebe2 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/altermalloc3.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/altermalloc3.test
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ set ::TMPDBERROR [list 1 \
   {unable to open a temporary database file for storing temporary tables}
 ]
 
+sqlite3_db_config db SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL 1
 do_execsql_test 1.0 {
   CREATE TABLE x1(
       one, two, three, PRIMARY KEY(one), 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/alterqf.test b/sqlite/test/alterqf.test
index 423a9fa8..b248c7c7 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/alterqf.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/alterqf.test
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ foreach {tn before after} {
 
  11 {CREATE TRIGGER ott AFTER UPDATE ON t1 BEGIN 
       SELECT max("str", new."a") FROM t1 
-          WHERE group_concat("b", ",") OVER (ORDER BY c||"str");
+          WHERE string_agg("b", ",") OVER (ORDER BY c||"str");
       UPDATE t1 SET c= b + "str";
       DELETE FROM t1 WHERE EXISTS (
         SELECT 1 FROM t1 AS o WHERE o."a" = "o.a" AND t1.b IN("t1.b")
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ foreach {tn before after} {
     END;
  } {CREATE TRIGGER ott AFTER UPDATE ON t1 BEGIN 
       SELECT max('str', new."a") FROM t1 
-          WHERE group_concat("b", ',') OVER (ORDER BY c||'str');
+          WHERE string_agg("b", ',') OVER (ORDER BY c||'str');
       UPDATE t1 SET c= b + 'str';
       DELETE FROM t1 WHERE EXISTS (
         SELECT 1 FROM t1 AS o WHERE o."a" = 'o.a' AND t1.b IN('t1.b')
diff --git a/sqlite/test/altertrig.test b/sqlite/test/altertrig.test
index 934a6366..556dc3fe 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/altertrig.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/altertrig.test
@@ -160,4 +160,3 @@ foreach {tn alter update final} {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/analyze.test b/sqlite/test/analyze.test
index ca6c9b09..f97c78af 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/analyze.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/analyze.test
@@ -377,4 +377,23 @@ do_execsql_test analyze-6.1 {
   SELECT tbl FROM sqlite_stat1 WHERE idx IS NULL ORDER BY tbl;
 } {SQLiteDemo2 sqliteDemo t1}
 
+# The following caused a small buffer overread in STAT4 processing prior
+# to check-in [b99135288b157044].
+#
+ifcapable stat4 {
+  reset_db
+  database_may_be_corrupt
+  do_execsql_test analyze-7.1 {
+    CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b INTEGER);
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 7223372036854775);
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 7223372036854776);
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 7223372036854777);
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(b);
+    ANALYZE;
+    UPDATE sqlite_stat4 SET sample = substr(sample, 0, 4);
+    ANALYZE sqlite_schema;
+    SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b>7223372036854775
+  } {2 7223372036854776 3 7223372036854777}
+}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/atof1.test b/sqlite/test/atof1.test
index 5959c5d5..95f443ce 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/atof1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/atof1.test
@@ -15,18 +15,10 @@
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
 
-if {$::longdouble_size<=8} {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-if {$::tcl_platform(machine)!="x86_64"} {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
+set mxpow [expr {[use_long_double]?100:35}]
 expr srand(1)
 for {set i 1} {$i<20000} {incr i} {
-  set pow [expr {int((rand()-0.5)*100)}]
+  set pow [expr {int((rand()-0.5)*$mxpow)}]
   set x [expr {pow((rand()-0.5)*2*rand(),$pow)}]
   set xf [format %.32e $x]
 
@@ -51,10 +43,16 @@ for {set i 1} {$i<20000} {incr i} {
     set y [db eval {SELECT $x=CAST(quote($x) AS real)}]
     if {!$y} {
       db eval {SELECT real2hex($x) a, real2hex(CAST(quote($x) AS real)) b} {}
-      puts "\nIN:    $a $xf"
-      puts [format {QUOTE: %16s %s} {} [db eval {SELECT quote($x)}]]
+      puts ""
+      if {$x<0} {
+        puts "[format {!SCALE: %17s 1 23456789 123456789 123456789} {}]"
+      } else {
+        puts "[format {!SCALE: %16s 1 23456789 123456789 123456789} {}]"
+      }
+      puts "!IN:    $a $xf"
+      puts [format {!QUOTE: %16s %s} {} [db eval {SELECT quote($x)}]]
       db eval {SELECT CAST(quote($x) AS real) c} {}
-      puts "OUT:   $b [format %.32e $c]"
+      puts "!OUT:   $b [format %.32e $c]"
     }
     set y
   } {1}
diff --git a/sqlite/test/autoindex4.test b/sqlite/test/autoindex4.test
index d9ab783e..6af99f5e 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/autoindex4.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/autoindex4.test
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ foreach {id data1 data2 jointype onclause whereclause answer} {
   {coalesce(y,4)==4}
   {3 4 3 4}
 
-  5
+  5.1
   VALUES(1,2),(3,4),(NULL,4)
   VALUES(1,2),(3,4)
   {LEFT JOIN}
@@ -149,6 +149,22 @@ foreach {id data1 data2 jointype onclause whereclause answer} {
   {y=4 OR y IS NULL}
   {3 4 3 4 {} 4 {} {}}
 
+  5.2
+  VALUES(1,2),(3,4),(NULL,4)
+  VALUES(1,2),(3,4)
+  {LEFT JOIN}
+  a=x
+  {y NOT IN ()}
+  {1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4 {} 4 {} {}}
+
+  5.3
+  VALUES(1,2),(3,4),(NULL,4)
+  VALUES(1,2),(3,4)
+  {LEFT JOIN}
+  a=x
+  {y NOT IN (SELECT 1 WHERE false)}
+  {1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4 {} 4 {} {}}
+
   6
   VALUES(1,2),(3,4)
   VALUES(1,2),(3,4),(NULL,4)
@@ -193,6 +209,12 @@ foreach {id data1 data2 jointype onclause whereclause answer} {
     db eval {PRAGMA automatic_index=OFF;}
     db eval $sql
   } $answer
+  do_test autoindex4-4.$id.3 {
+    db eval {PRAGMA automatic_index=ON;}
+    optimization_control db all 0
+    db eval $sql
+  } $answer
+  optimization_control db all 1
 }
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/bestindex9.test b/sqlite/test/bestindex9.test
index 94b9da0d..d591b30e 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/bestindex9.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/bestindex9.test
@@ -102,7 +102,3 @@ do_bestindex9_test 4 {
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/bestindexA.test b/sqlite/test/bestindexA.test
index 650404ea..19769864 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/bestindexA.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/bestindexA.test
@@ -133,6 +133,3 @@ do_xbestindex_test 1.9 {
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/bestindexB.test b/sqlite/test/bestindexB.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b50e74fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/bestindexB.test
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# 2023-10-26
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# 
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+set testprefix bestindexB
+
+ifcapable !vtab {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+register_tcl_module db
+
+proc vtab_command {method args} {
+  switch -- $method {
+    xConnect {
+      return "CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c)"
+    }
+
+    xBestIndex {
+      set hdl [lindex $args 0]
+      set clist [$hdl constraints]
+      set orderby [$hdl orderby]
+
+      if {[info exists ::xbestindex_sql]} { 
+        explain_i $::xbestindex_sql 
+        set ::xbestindex_res [ execsql $::xbestindex_sql ]
+      }
+
+      return "cost 1000000 rows 1000000 idxnum 0 idxstr hello"
+    }
+
+    xFilter {
+      return "sql {SELECT 0, 1, 2, 3}"
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {}
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING tcl(vtab_command);
+  CREATE TABLE y1(a, b);
+  CREATE TABLE y2(a, b);
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  SELECT * FROM x1
+} {1 2 3}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  INSERT INTO y1 VALUES(1, 2) RETURNING rowid;
+} {1}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  CREATE TRIGGER y1tr BEFORE INSERT ON y1 BEGIN
+    SELECT * FROM x1;
+  END;
+  INSERT INTO y1 VALUES(3, 4) RETURNING rowid;
+} {2}
+
+
+# This time, rig the xBestIndex() method of the vtab to invoke an SQL
+# statement that uses RETURNING.
+set ::xbestindex_sql {
+  INSERT INTO y2 VALUES(NULL, NULL) RETURNING rowid;
+}
+do_execsql_test 1.4 {
+  INSERT INTO y1 VALUES(5, 6) RETURNING rowid;
+} {3}
+
+do_test 1.5 {
+  set ::xbestindex_res
+} {1}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/changes.test b/sqlite/test/changes.test
index 21db075f..b3a2ae1e 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/changes.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/changes.test
@@ -86,5 +86,3 @@ foreach {tn nRow wor} {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/changes2.test b/sqlite/test/changes2.test
index 46e25c03..5b2684a8 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/changes2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/changes2.test
@@ -92,4 +92,3 @@ do_execsql_test 2.4 {
 } {{2 changes} {2 changes}}
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/corrupt2.test b/sqlite/test/corrupt2.test
index 96d28490..2e36cbd3 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/corrupt2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/corrupt2.test
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ do_test corrupt2-5.1 {
   }
   set result
 } {{*** in database main ***
-Tree 11 page 2 cell 0: 2nd reference to page 10
+Tree 2 page 2 cell 0: 2nd reference to page 10
 Page 4: never used}}
 
 db2 close
diff --git a/sqlite/test/corruptL.test b/sqlite/test/corruptL.test
index 65d9821b..cf387644 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/corruptL.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/corruptL.test
@@ -1269,6 +1269,7 @@ do_test 15.0 {
 }]} {}
 
 extra_schema_checks 0
+optimization_control db one-pass off
 do_catchsql_test 15.1 {
   PRAGMA cell_size_check = 0;
   UPDATE c1 SET c= NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM c1 ORDER BY (SELECT 1 FROM c1 ORDER BY a)) +10 WHERE d BETWEEN 4 AND 7;
diff --git a/sqlite/test/date.test b/sqlite/test/date.test
index 3e931818..fb76dac8 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/date.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/date.test
@@ -207,15 +207,33 @@ datetest 3.16 "strftime('[repeat 200 %Y]','2003-10-31')" [repeat 200 2003]
 datetest 3.17 "strftime('[repeat 200 abc%m123]','2003-10-31')" \
     [repeat 200 abc10123]
 
-foreach c {a b c e g h i k l n o p q r t v x y z
-           A B C D E F G I K L N O P Q R T U V Z
+foreach c {a b c g h i n o q r t v x y z
+           A B C D E G K L N O Q V Z
            0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 9 _} {
   datetest 3.18.$c "strftime('%$c','2003-10-31')" NULL
 }
+datetest 3.20 {strftime('%e','2023-08-09')} { 9}
+datetest 3.21 {strftime('%F %T','2023-08-09 01:23')} {2023-08-09 01:23:00}
+datetest 3.22 {strftime('%k','2023-08-09 04:59:59')} { 4}
+datetest 3.23 {strftime('%I%P','2023-08-09 11:59:59')} {11am}
+datetest 3.24 {strftime('%I%p','2023-08-09 12:00:00')} {12PM}
+datetest 3.25 {strftime('%I%P','2023-08-09 12:59:59.9')} {12pm}
+datetest 3.26 {strftime('%I%p','2023-08-09 13:00:00')} {01PM}
+datetest 3.27 {strftime('%I%P','2023-08-09 23:59:59')} {11pm}
+datetest 3.28 {strftime('%I%p','2023-08-09 00:00:00')} {12AM}
+datetest 3.29 {strftime('%l:%M%P','2023-08-09 13:00:00')} { 1:00pm}
+datetest 3.30 {strftime('%F %R','2023-08-09 12:34:56')} {2023-08-09 12:34}
+datetest 3.31 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-01')} {0 7}
+datetest 3.32 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-02')} {1 1}
+datetest 3.33 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-03')} {2 2}
+datetest 3.34 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-04')} {3 3}
+datetest 3.35 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-05')} {4 4}
+datetest 3.36 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-06')} {5 5}
+datetest 3.37 {strftime('%w %u','2023-01-07')} {6 6}
 
 # Ticket #2276.  Make sure leading zeros are inserted where appropriate.
 #
-datetest 3.20 \
+datetest 3.40 \
    {strftime('%d/%f/%H/%W/%j/%m/%M/%S/%Y','0421-01-02 03:04:05.006')} \
    02/05.006/03/00/002/01/04/05/0421
 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/date4.test b/sqlite/test/date4.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d820a0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/date4.test
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# 2023-08-29
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+# Test cases for the strftime() SQL function.  Comparisons against the
+# C-library strftime() function.
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+# Skip this whole file if date and time functions are omitted
+# at compile-time
+#
+ifcapable {!datetime} {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+if {$tcl_platform(os)=="Linux"} {
+  set FMT {%d,%e,%F,%H,%k,%I,%l,%j,%m,%M,%u,%w,%W,%Y,%%,%P,%p}
+} else {
+  set FMT {%d,%e,%F,%H,%I,%j,%p,%R,%u,%w,%W,%%}
+}
+for {set i 0} {$i<=24854} {incr i} {
+  set TS [expr {$i*86401}]
+  do_execsql_test date4-$i {
+    SELECT strftime($::FMT,$::TS,'unixepoch');
+  } [list [strftime $FMT $TS]]
+}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/dbfuzz001.test b/sqlite/test/dbfuzz001.test
index 2a430de1..228dd16d 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/dbfuzz001.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/dbfuzz001.test
@@ -371,4 +371,27 @@ do_catchsql_test dbfuzz001-330 {
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
 extra_schema_checks 1
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test dbfuzz001-430 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER, b INT, c DEFAULT 0);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test dbfuzz001-420 {
+  PRAGMA locking_mode=EXCLUSIVE;
+  PRAGMA journal_mode = memory;
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3);
+  PRAGMA journal_mode=PERSIST;
+} {exclusive memory persist}
+
+do_execsql_test dbfuzz001-430 {
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 5, 6);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test dbfuzz001-440 {
+  PRAGMA journal_mode=MEMORY;
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7, 8, 9);
+} {memory}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/dbpagefault.test b/sqlite/test/dbpagefault.test
index 544d279c..f27741cb 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/dbpagefault.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/dbpagefault.test
@@ -84,5 +84,3 @@ do_catchsql_test 3.2 {
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/decimal.test b/sqlite/test/decimal.test
index a2e57997..cf4e06ad 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/decimal.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/decimal.test
@@ -23,31 +23,34 @@ do_execsql_test 1000 {
   SELECT decimal(1);
 } {1}
 do_execsql_test 1010 {
-  SELECT decimal(1.0);
+  SELECT decimal('1.0');
 } {1.0}
 do_execsql_test 1020 {
-  SELECT decimal(0001.0);
+  SELECT decimal('0001.0');
 } {1.0}
 do_execsql_test 1030 {
-  SELECT decimal(+0001.0);
+  SELECT decimal('+0001.0');
 } {1.0}
 do_execsql_test 1040 {
-  SELECT decimal(-0001.0);
+  SELECT decimal('-0001.0');
 } {-1.0}
 do_execsql_test 1050 {
-  SELECT decimal(1.0e72);
+  SELECT decimal('1.0e72');
 } {1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000}
 #   123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123
 do_execsql_test 1060 {
-  SELECT decimal(1.0e-72);
+  SELECT decimal('1.0e-72');
 } {0.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010}
 #    123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123456789 123
 do_execsql_test 1070 {
-  SELECT decimal(-123e-4);
+  SELECT decimal('-123e-4');
 } {-0.0123}
 do_execsql_test 1080 {
-  SELECT decimal(+123e+4);
-} {1230000.0}
+  SELECT decimal('+123e+4');
+} {1230000}
+do_execsql_test 1081 {
+  SELECT decimal_exp('+123e+4');
+} {+1.23e+06}
 
 
 do_execsql_test 2000 {
@@ -161,6 +164,10 @@ do_execsql_test 6010 {
 SELECT decimal_mul(ieee754_mantissa(c.n),pow2.v)
   FROM pow2, c WHERE pow2.x=ieee754_exponent(c.n);
 } {0.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004940656458412465441765687928682213723650598026143247644255856825006755072702087518652998363616359923797965646954457177309266567103559397963987747960107818781263007131903114045278458171678489821036887186360569987307230500063874091535649843873124733972731696151400317153853980741262385655911710266585566867681870395603106249319452715914924553293054565444011274801297099995419319894090804165633245247571478690147267801593552386115501348035264934720193790268107107491703332226844753335720832431936092382893458368060106011506169809753078342277318329247904982524730776375927247874656084778203734469699533647017972677717585125660551199131504891101451037862738167250955837389733598993664809941164205702637090279242767544565229087538682506419718265533447265625}
+do_execsql_test 6011 {
+  WITH c(n) AS (SELECT ieee754_from_blob(x'0000000000000001'))
+SELECT decimal(c.n) FROM c;
+} {0.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004940656458412465441765687928682213723650598026143247644255856825006755072702087518652998363616359923797965646954457177309266567103559397963987747960107818781263007131903114045278458171678489821036887186360569987307230500063874091535649843873124733972731696151400317153853980741262385655911710266585566867681870395603106249319452715914924553293054565444011274801297099995419319894090804165633245247571478690147267801593552386115501348035264934720193790268107107491703332226844753335720832431936092382893458368060106011506169809753078342277318329247904982524730776375927247874656084778203734469699533647017972677717585125660551199131504891101451037862738167250955837389733598993664809941164205702637090279242767544565229087538682506419718265533447265625}
 do_execsql_test 6020 {
   WITH c(n) AS (SELECT ieee754_from_blob(x'7fefffffffffffff'))
 SELECT decimal_mul(ieee754_mantissa(c.n),pow2.v)
diff --git a/sqlite/test/distinctagg.test b/sqlite/test/distinctagg.test
index 6e46c886..199ca066 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/distinctagg.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/distinctagg.test
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ do_test distinctagg-2.1 {
 } {1 {DISTINCT aggregates must have exactly one argument}}
 do_test distinctagg-2.2 {
   catchsql {
-    SELECT group_concat(distinct a,b) FROM t1;
+    SELECT string_agg(distinct a,b) FROM t1;
   }
 } {1 {DISTINCT aggregates must have exactly one argument}}
 
@@ -215,4 +215,3 @@ do_execsql_test 7.0 {
 
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/e_expr.test b/sqlite/test/e_expr.test
index 5ad5993b..0db63a8a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/e_expr.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/e_expr.test
@@ -1930,7 +1930,7 @@ foreach {tn expr restype resval} {
     6  { ( SELECT y FROM t4 ORDER BY y DESC ) }        text    two
 
     7  { ( SELECT sum(x) FROM t4 )           }         integer 6
-    8  { ( SELECT group_concat(y,'') FROM t4 ) }       text    onetwothree
+    8  { ( SELECT string_agg(y,'') FROM t4 ) }       text    onetwothree
     9  { ( SELECT max(x) FROM t4 WHERE y LIKE '___') } integer 2 
 
 } {
diff --git a/sqlite/test/e_select.test b/sqlite/test/e_select.test
index 5a3f0d30..e2e969dc 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/e_select.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/e_select.test
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ do_select_tests e_select-4.6 {
   4 "SELECT *, count(*) FROM a1 JOIN a2"                       {1 1 1 1 16}
   5 "SELECT *, sum(three) FROM a1 NATURAL JOIN a2"             {1 1 1 3}
   6 "SELECT *, sum(three) FROM a1 NATURAL JOIN a2"             {1 1 1 3}
-  7 "SELECT group_concat(three, ''), a1.* FROM a1 NATURAL JOIN a2" {12 1 1}
+  7 "SELECT string_agg(three, ''), a1.* FROM a1 NATURAL JOIN a2" {12 1 1}
 }
 
 # EVIDENCE-OF: R-04486-07266 Or, if the dataset contains zero rows, then
diff --git a/sqlite/test/filter2.test b/sqlite/test/filter2.test
index 21ee6659..06cfd2a4 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/filter2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/filter2.test
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ do_execsql_test 1.12 {
 
 do_execsql_test 1.13 {
   SELECT 
-    group_concat(CAST(b AS TEXT), '_') FILTER (WHERE b%2!=0),
+    string_agg(CAST(b AS TEXT), '_') FILTER (WHERE b%2!=0),
     group_concat(CAST(b AS TEXT), '_') FILTER (WHERE b%2!=1),
     count(*) FILTER (WHERE b%2!=0),
     count(*) FILTER (WHERE b%2!=1)
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fp-speed-1.c b/sqlite/test/fp-speed-1.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5eeb95d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/fp-speed-1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/*
+** Performance testing of floating-point binary-to-decimal conversion for
+** SQLite versus the standard library.
+**
+** To compile:
+**
+**    make sqlite3.c
+**    gcc -Os -c sqlite3.c
+**    gcc -I. -Os test/fp-speed-1.c sqlite3.o -ldl -lm -lpthread
+**
+** To run the test:
+**
+**    time ./a.out 0 10000000     <-- standard library
+**    time ./a.out 1 10000000     <-- SQLite
+**    time ./a.out 2 10000000     <-- SQLite with long-double disabled
+*/
+static double aVal[] = {
+  -1.0163830486285643089e+063,
+  +0.0049243807391586981e-019,
+  +7.3818732407343994867e-095,
+  +7.0678595219225717143e+000,
+  +9.2807266319850025655e+120,
+  +5.8871050861933394663e+135,
+  -2.2998023621259662805e-168,
+  -1.5903581924910847482e+181,
+  +2.4313441816844978216e-001,
+  -3.8290987328945399091e-147,
+  +1.8787914062744001349e-009,
+  +0.7270653560487146653e-014,
+  +0.0639577697913183665e+107,
+  +5.2292338879315861930e-103,
+  +6.3747682672872231319e-021,
+  +8.6972339538329106984e-129,
+  -9.5074486051597691937e-026,
+  -8.6480257845368753018e-005,
+  -3.5657595775797470332e+017,
+  -7.8323106179731761351e+161,
+  +7.7813875274120800372e+077,
+  -1.8739718928360196596e-050,
+  +8.6898145915593357218e-051,
+  +6.0566766359877837871e+002,
+  +4.1703379217148160678e+199,
+  +2.1283871288746651560e+150,
+  -6.8395236083891810637e+128,
+  -6.2114299763939529155e-147,
+  -2.0753525742614637350e-149,
+  +5.8727459803944290257e-007,
+  +8.5888991062002101817e+010,
+  +6.8624461031355917632e+026,
+  -3.3053986756670905167e-075,
+  -4.3596843152763444945e-108,
+  +0.0834139520104099673e+098,
+  -8.8581986548904222440e-192,
+  -3.6622095428727698202e+038,
+  -6.6965852297025063260e+005,
+  +1.8204169347406488441e-054,
+  +6.5234508038649000384e-065,
+  +1.5923006018219011453e+083,
+  +1.7362555291656389480e+018,
+  +7.2875431976854785882e+160,
+  +1.2835880105958926748e-146,
+  +8.0516253320320819420e-113,
+  +6.6324633399381145440e-030,
+  -1.7126500070280062058e-149,
+  +1.6995738341583712335e+042,
+  +7.6048766923738663725e-112,
+  +0.6159117235449455043e-004,
+  +5.7544894355415943289e-135,
+  +8.2970228592690581890e-023,
+  -6.5531925360163067447e+020,
+  +5.8321334606187030050e+120,
+  +5.6557166509571891727e+095,
+  +0.3322789708438408704e-114,
+  -7.1210648776698686623e-050,
+  -9.6721262526706343301e+179,
+  -3.4583916571377395084e-106,
+  +4.7896094323214750793e-172,
+  -9.6926028040004137875e-056,
+  +7.0683848275381385483e-198,
+  -5.2970114182162961964e-007,
+  -4.4287021200905393271e-170,
+  +0.0728891155732808799e-189,
+  -9.1855462025879447465e+175,
+  +3.7294126234131007796e+015,
+  +2.6857421882792719241e+003,
+  -4.7070607333624685339e+039,
+  +7.2175820768279334274e+136,
+  -8.3678412534261163481e-115,
+  +2.2174844304241822163e+019,
+  +0.1949824588606861016e+112,
+  -9.7334052955672071912e+151,
+  -9.7793887766936999879e-142,
+  -5.1561164587416931561e+139,
+  -7.5048993577765174789e-022,
+  +7.3556076568687784568e+107,
+  -5.0681628575533599865e-144,
+  +1.5209705642027747811e+165,
+  -7.5989782535048296040e-101,
+  +1.3654137203389775871e-016,
+  -1.6441720554651372066e+087,
+  -4.9042433196141125923e+000,
+  -7.7063611961649130777e+118,
+  +0.1699427460930766201e+174,
+  +8.3374317849572216870e-145,
+  -5.2355330480469580072e+081,
+  -3.8510045942194147919e+141,
+  -6.3513622544326339887e-147,
+  +2.3869303484454428988e+049,
+  +3.8352715871620360268e-165,
+  -3.1263120493136887902e+035,
+  -5.5794797002556490823e+051,
+  -8.8109874479595604379e+142,
+  -4.3727360120203216922e+070,
+  -3.1109951189668539974e+170,
+  -9.4841878031704268232e+011,
+  -3.7398451668304407277e+067,
+  +4.8984042008915959963e-091,
+};
+#define NN (sizeof(aVal)/sizeof(aVal[0]))
+
+#include "sqlite3.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
+  int i;
+  int cnt;
+  int fg;
+  char zBuf[1000];
+
+  if( argc!=3 ){
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage:  %s FLAG COUNT\n", argv[0]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  cnt = atoi(argv[2]);
+  fg = atoi(argv[1]);
+
+  switch( fg % 3 ){
+    case 0: {
+      printf("Doing %d calls to C-lib sprintf()\n", cnt);
+      for(i=0; i<cnt; i++){
+        sprintf(zBuf, "%.26g", aVal[i%NN]);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 1: {
+      printf("Doing %d calls to sqlite3_snprintf()\n", cnt);
+      for(i=0; i<cnt; i++){
+        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%!.26g", aVal[i%NN]);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 2: {
+      printf("Doing %d calls to sqlite3_snprintf() without long double\n", cnt);
+      sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE, 0);
+      for(i=0; i<cnt; i++){
+        sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(zBuf), zBuf, "%!.26g", aVal[i%NN]);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fpconv1.test b/sqlite/test/fpconv1.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..195fdf99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/fpconv1.test
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# 2023-07-03
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# 
+# This file contains a test that attempts to verify the claim that the
+# floatpoint-to-text conversion routines built into SQLite maintain at
+# least 15 significant digits of accuracy.
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+if {[catch {load_static_extension db decimal} error]} {
+  puts "Skipping decimal tests, hit load error: $error"
+  finish_test; return
+}
+
+sqlite3_create_function db
+do_execsql_test fpconv1-1.0 {
+  WITH RECURSIVE
+       /* Number of random floating-point values to try.
+       ** On a circa 2016 x64 linux box, this test runs at
+       ** about 80000 cases per second  -------------------vvvvvv */
+    c(x) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT x+1 FROM c WHERE x<100000),
+    fp(y) AS MATERIALIZED (
+       SELECT CAST( format('%+d.%019d0e%+03d',
+                           random()%10,abs(random()),random()%200) AS real)
+        FROM c
+    )
+  SELECT y FROM fp
+   WHERE -log10(abs(decimal_sub(dtostr(y,24),format('%!.24e',y))/y))<15.0;
+                     /* Number of digits of accuracy required -------^^^^ */
+} {}
+#  ^---- Expect a empty set as the result.  The output is all tested numbers
+#        that fail to preserve at least 15 significant digits of accuracy.
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1a.test b/sqlite/test/fts1a.test
deleted file mode 100644
index b63e79a8..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1a.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 September 9
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS1 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts1a.test,v 1.4 2006/09/28 19:43:32 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing five keywords:
-# one, two, three, four, and five, in various combinations.  The
-# rowid for each will be a bitmask for the elements it contains.
-#
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three four five');
-}
-
-do_test fts1a-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two'}
-} {3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two one'}
-} {3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two three'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one three two'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two three one'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two one three'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three one two'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three two one'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.10 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two THREE'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-1.11 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '  ONE    Two   three  '}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-
-do_test fts1a-2.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one"'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1a-2.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two"'}
-} {3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31}
-do_test fts1a-2.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"two one"'}
-} {}
-do_test fts1a-2.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two three"'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1a-2.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three two"'}
-} {}
-do_test fts1a-2.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two three four"'}
-} {15 31}
-do_test fts1a-2.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three two four"'}
-} {}
-do_test fts1a-2.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three five"'}
-} {21}
-do_test fts1a-2.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three" five'}
-} {21 29}
-do_test fts1a-2.10 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five "one three"'}
-} {21 29}
-do_test fts1a-2.11 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five "one three" four'}
-} {29}
-do_test fts1a-2.12 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five four "one three"'}
-} {29}
-do_test fts1a-2.13 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three" four five'}
-} {29}
-
-do_test fts1a-3.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1a-3.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one -two'}
-} {1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29}
-do_test fts1a-3.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '-two one'}
-} {1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29}
-
-do_test fts1a-4.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one OR two'}
-} {1 2 3 5 6 7 9 10 11 13 14 15 17 18 19 21 22 23 25 26 27 29 30 31}
-do_test fts1a-4.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two" OR three'}
-} {3 4 5 6 7 11 12 13 14 15 19 20 21 22 23 27 28 29 30 31}
-do_test fts1a-4.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three OR "one two"'}
-} {3 4 5 6 7 11 12 13 14 15 19 20 21 22 23 27 28 29 30 31}
-do_test fts1a-4.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two OR three'}
-} {3 5 7 11 13 15 19 21 23 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1a-4.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three OR two one'}
-} {3 5 7 11 13 15 19 21 23 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1a-4.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two OR three OR four'}
-} {3 5 7 9 11 13 15 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1a-4.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two OR three OR four one'}
-} {3 5 7 9 11 13 15 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-
-# Test the ability to handle NULL content
-#
-do_test fts1a-5.1 {
-  execsql {INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES(NULL)}
-} {}
-do_test fts1a-5.2 {
-  set rowid [db last_insert_rowid]
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$rowid}
-} {{}}
-do_test fts1a-5.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH NULL}
-} {}
-
-
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1b.test b/sqlite/test/fts1b.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 2bbe1aab..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1b.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 September 13
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS1 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts1b.test,v 1.4 2006/09/18 02:12:48 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Fill the full-text index "t1" with phrases in english, spanish,
-# and german.  For the i-th row, fill in the names for the bits
-# that are set in the value of i.  The least significant bit is
-# 1.  For example,  the value 5 is 101 in binary which will be
-# converted to "one three" in english.
-#
-proc fill_multilanguage_fulltext_t1 {} {
-  set english {one two three four five}
-  set spanish {un dos tres cuatro cinco}
-  set german {eine zwei drei vier funf}
-  
-  for {set i 1} {$i<=31} {incr i} {
-    set cmd "INSERT INTO t1 VALUES"
-    set vset {}
-    foreach lang {english spanish german} {
-      set words {}
-      for {set j 0; set k 1} {$j<5} {incr j; incr k $k} {
-        if {$k&$i} {lappend words [lindex [set $lang] $j]}
-      }
-      lappend vset "'$words'"
-    }
-    set sql "INSERT INTO t1(english,spanish,german) VALUES([join $vset ,])"
-    # puts $sql
-    db eval $sql
-  }
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing five keywords:
-# one, two, three, four, and five, in various combinations.  The
-# rowid for each will be a bitmask for the elements it contains.
-#
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(english,spanish,german);
-}
-fill_multilanguage_fulltext_t1
-
-do_test fts1b-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE english MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1b-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE spanish MATCH 'one'}
-} {}
-do_test fts1b-1.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE german MATCH 'one'}
-} {}
-do_test fts1b-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts1b-1.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'one dos drei'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts1b-1.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT english, spanish, german FROM t1 WHERE rowid=1}
-} {one un eine}
-do_test fts1b-1.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '"one un"'}
-} {}
-
-do_test fts1b-2.1 {
-  execsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts1(from,to);
-    INSERT INTO t2([from],[to]) VALUES ('one two three', 'four five six');
-    SELECT [from], [to] FROM t2
-  }
-} {{one two three} {four five six}}
-
-
-# Compute an SQL string that contains the words one, two, three,... to
-# describe bits set in the value $i.  Only the lower 5 bits are examined.
-#
-proc wordset {i} {
-  set x {}
-  for {set j 0; set k 1} {$j<5} {incr j; incr k $k} {
-    if {$k&$i} {lappend x [lindex {one two three four five} $j]}
-  }
-  return '$x'
-}
-
-# Create a new FTS table with three columns:
-#
-#    norm:      words for the bits of rowid
-#    plusone:   words for the bits of rowid+1
-#    invert:    words for the bits of ~rowid
-#
-db eval {
-   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts1([norm],'plusone',"invert");
-}
-for {set i 1} {$i<=15} {incr i} {
-  set vset [list [wordset $i] [wordset [expr {$i+1}]] [wordset [expr {~$i}]]]
-  db eval "INSERT INTO t4(norm,plusone,invert) VALUES([join $vset ,]);"
-}
-
-do_test fts1b-4.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'norm:one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-do_test fts1b-4.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE norm MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-do_test fts1b-4.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15}
-do_test fts1b-4.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'plusone:one'}
-} {2 4 6 8 10 12 14}
-do_test fts1b-4.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE plusone MATCH 'one'}
-} {2 4 6 8 10 12 14}
-do_test fts1b-4.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'norm:one plusone:two'}
-} {1 5 9 13}
-do_test fts1b-4.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'norm:one two'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-do_test fts1b-4.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'plusone:two norm:one'}
-} {1 5 9 13}
-do_test fts1b-4.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'two norm:one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1c.test b/sqlite/test/fts1c.test
deleted file mode 100644
index a1246959..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1c.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1213 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 September 14
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS1 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts1c.test,v 1.11 2006/10/04 17:35:28 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Create a table of sample email data.   The data comes from email
-# archives of Enron executives that was published as part of the
-# litigation against that company.
-#
-do_test fts1c-1.1 {
-  db eval {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE email USING fts1([from],[to],subject,body);
-    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('savita.puthigai@enron.com', 'traders.eol@enron.com, traders.eol@enron.com', 'EnronOnline- Change to Autohedge', 'Effective Monday, October 22, 2001 the following changes will be made to the Autohedge functionality on EnronOnline.
-
-The volume on the hedge will now respect the minimum volume and volume increment settings on the parent product. See rules below: 
-
-?	If the transaction volume on the child is less than half of the parent''s minimum volume no hedge will occur.
-?	If the transaction volume on the child is more than half the parent''s minimum volume but less than half the volume increment on the parent, the hedge will volume will be the parent''s minimum volume.
-?	For all other volumes, the same rounding rules will apply based on the volume increment on the parent product.
-
-Please see example below:
-
-Parent''s Settings:
-Minimum: 	5000
-Increment:  1000
-
-Volume on Autohedge transaction			Volume Hedged
-1      - 2499							0
-2500 - 5499							5000
-5500 - 6499							6000');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('dana.davis@enron.com', 'laynie.east@enron.com, lisa.king@enron.com, lisa.best@enron.com,', 'Leaving Early', 'FYI:  
-If it''s ok with everyone''s needs, I would like to leave @4pm. If you think 
-you will need my assistance past the 4 o''clock hour just let me know;  I''ll 
-be more than willing to stay.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron_update@concureworkplace.com', 'louise.kitchen@enron.com', '<<Concur Expense Document>> - CC02.06.02', 'The following expense report is ready for approval:
-
-Employee Name: Christopher F. Calger
-Status last changed by: Mollie E. Gustafson Ms
-Expense Report Name: CC02.06.02
-Report Total: $3,972.93
-Amount Due Employee: $3,972.93
-
-
-To approve this expense report, click on the following link for Concur Expense.
-http://expensexms.enron.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('jeff.duff@enron.com', 'julie.johnson@enron.com', 'Work request', 'Julie,
-
-Could you print off the current work request report by 1:30 today?
-
-Gentlemen,
-
-I''d like to review this today at 1:30 in our office.  Also, could you provide 
-me with your activity reports so I can have Julie enter this information.
-
-JD');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('v.weldon@enron.com', 'gary.l.carrier@usa.dupont.com, scott.joyce@bankofamerica.com', 'Enron News', 'This could turn into something big.... 
-http://biz.yahoo.com/rf/010129/n29305829.html');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mark.haedicke@enron.com', 'paul.simons@enron.com', 'Re: First Polish Deal!', 'Congrats!  Things seem to be building rapidly now on the Continent.  Mark');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('e..carter@enron.com', 't..robinson@enron.com', 'FW: Producers Newsletter 9-24-2001', '
-The producer lumber pricing sheet.
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Johnson, Jay  
-Sent:	Tuesday, October 16, 2001 3:42 PM
-To:	Carter, Karen E.
-Subject:	FW: Producers Newsletter 9-24-2001
-
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Daigre, Sergai  
-Sent:	Friday, September 21, 2001 8:33 PM
-Subject:	Producers Newsletter 9-24-2001
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('david.delainey@enron.com', 'kenneth.lay@enron.com', 'Greater Houston Partnership', 'Ken, in response to the letter from Mr Miguel San Juan, my suggestion would 
-be to offer up the Falcon for their use; however, given the tight time frame 
-and your recent visit with Mr. Fox that it would be difficult for either you 
-or me to participate.
-
-I spoke to Max and he agrees with this approach.
-
-I hope this meets with your approval.
-
-Regards
-Delainey');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('lachandra.fenceroy@enron.com', 'lindy.donoho@enron.com', 'FW: Bus Applications Meeting Follow Up', 'Lindy,
-
-Here is the original memo we discussed earlier.  Please provide any information that you may have.
-
-Your cooperation is greatly appreciated.
-
-Thanks,
-
-lachandra.fenceroy@enron.com
-713.853.3884
-877.498.3401 Pager
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Bisbee, Joanne  
-Sent:	Wednesday, September 26, 2001 7:50 AM
-To:	Fenceroy, LaChandra
-Subject:	FW: Bus Applications Meeting Follow Up
-
-Lachandra, Please get with David Duff today and see what this is about.  Who are our TW accounting business users?
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Koh, Wendy  
-Sent:	Tuesday, September 25, 2001 2:41 PM
-To:	Bisbee, Joanne
-Subject:	Bus Applications Meeting Follow Up
-
-Lisa brought up a TW change effective Nov 1.  It involves eliminating a turnback surcharge.  I have no other information, but you might check with the business folks for any system changes required.
-
-Wendy');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('danny.mccarty@enron.com', 'fran.fagan@enron.com', 'RE: worksheets', 'Fran,
-    If Julie''s merit needs to be lump sum, just move it over to that column.  Also, send me Eric Gadd''s sheets as well.  Thanks.
-Dan
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Fagan, Fran  
-Sent:	Thursday, December 20, 2001 11:10 AM
-To:	McCarty, Danny
-Subject:	worksheets
-
-As discussed, attached are your sheets for bonus and merit.
-
-Thanks,
-
-Fran Fagan
-Sr. HR Rep
-713.853.5219
-
-
- << File: McCartyMerit.xls >>  << File: mccartyBonusCommercial_UnP.xls >> 
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('bert.meyers@enron.com', 'shift.dl-portland@enron.com', 'OCTOBER SCHEDULE', 'TEAM,
-
-PLEASE SEND ME ANY REQUESTS THAT YOU HAVE FOR OCTOBER.  SO FAR I HAVE THEM FOR LEAF.  I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE IT DONE BY THE 15TH OF THE MONTH.  ANY QUESTIONS PLEASE GIVE ME A CALL.
-
-BERT');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('errol.mclaughlin@enron.com', 'john.arnold@enron.com, bilal.bajwa@enron.com, john.griffith@enron.com,', 'TRV Notification:  (NG - PROPT P/L - 09/27/2001)', 'The report named: NG - PROPT P/L <http://trv.corp.enron.com/linkFromExcel.asp?report_cd=11&report_name=NG+-+PROPT+P/L&category_cd=5&category_name=FINANCIAL&toc_hide=1&sTV1=5&TV1Exp=Y&current_efct_date=09/27/2001>, published as of 09/27/2001 is now available for viewing on the website.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('patrice.mims@enron.com', 'calvin.eakins@enron.com', 'Re: Small business supply assistance', 'Hi Calvin
-
-
-I spoke with Rickey (boy, is he long-winded!!).  Gave him the name of our 
-credit guy, Russell Diamond.
-
-Thank for your help!');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('legal <.hall@enron.com>', 'stephanie.panus@enron.com', 'Termination update', 'City of Vernon and Salt River Project terminated their contracts.  I will fax these notices to you.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('d..steffes@enron.com', 'richard.shapiro@enron.com', 'EES / ENA Government Affairs Staffing & Outside Services', 'Rick --
-
-Here is the information on staffing and outside services.  Call if you need anything else.
-
-Jim
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('gelliott@industrialinfo.com', 'pcopello@industrialinfo.com', 'ECAAR (Gavin), WSCC (Diablo Canyon), & NPCC (Seabrook)', 'Dear Power Outage Database Customer, 
-Attached you will find an excel document. The outages contained within are forced or rescheduled outages. Your daily delivery will still contain these outages. 
-In addition to the two excel documents, there is a dbf file that is formatted like your daily deliveries you receive nightly. This will enable you to load the data into your regular database. Any questions please let me know. Thanks. 
-Greg Elliott 
-IIR, Inc. 
-713-783-5147 x 3481 
-outages@industrialinfo.com 
-THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS E-MAIL IS LEGALLY PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION INTENDED ONLY FOR THE USE OF THE INDIVIDUAL OR ENTITY NAMED ABOVE.  YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT ANY DISSEMINATION, DISTRIBUTION, OR COPY OF THIS E-MAIL TO UNAUTHORIZED ENTITIES IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED THIS 
-E-MAIL IN ERROR, PLEASE DELETE IT.
- - OUTAGE.dbf 
- - 111201R.xls 
- - 111201.xls ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron.announcements@enron.com', 'all_ena_egm_eim@enron.com', 'EWS Brown Bag', 'MARK YOUR LUNCH CALENDARS NOW !
-
-You are invited to attend the EWS Brown Bag Lunch Series
-
-Featuring:   RAY BOWEN, COO
-
-Topic:  Enron Industrial Markets
-
-Thursday, March 15, 2001
-11:30 am - 12:30 pm
-EB 5 C2
-
-
-You bring your lunch,           Limited Seating
-We provide drinks and dessert.          RSVP  x 3-9610');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('chris.germany@enron.com', 'ingrid.immer@williams.com', 'Re: About St Pauls', 'Sounds good to me.  I bet this is next to the Warick?? Hotel.
-
-
-
-
-"Immer, Ingrid" <Ingrid.Immer@Williams.com> on 12/21/2000 11:48:47 AM
-To: "''chris.germany@enron.com''" <chris.germany@enron.com>
-cc:  
-Subject: About St Pauls
-
-
-
-
- <<About St Pauls.url>>  
-? 
-?http://www.stpaulshouston.org/about.html 
-
-Chris, 
-
-I like the looks of this place.? What do you think about going here Christmas 
-eve?? They have an 11:00 a.m. service and a candlelight service at 5:00 p.m., 
-among others.
-
-Let me know.?? ii 
-
- - About St Pauls.url
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('nas@cpuc.ca.gov', 'skatz@sempratrading.com, kmccrea@sablaw.com, thompson@wrightlaw.com,', 'Reply Brief filed July 31, 2000', ' - CPUC01-#76371-v1-Revised_Reply_Brief__Due_today_7_31_.doc');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('gascontrol@aglresources.com', 'dscott4@enron.com, lcampbel@enron.com', 'Alert Posted 10:00 AM November 20,2000: E-GAS Request Reminder', 'Alert Posted 10:00 AM November 20,2000: E-GAS Request Reminder
-As discussed in the Winter Operations Meeting on Sept.29,2000, 
-E-Gas(Emergency Gas) will not be offered this winter as a service from AGLC.  
-Marketers and Poolers can receive gas via Peaking and IBSS nominations(daisy 
-chain) from other marketers up to the 6 p.m. Same Day 2 nomination cycle.
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('dutch.quigley@enron.com', 'rwolkwitz@powermerchants.com', '', ' 
-
-Here is a goody for you');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('ryan.o''rourke@enron.com', 'k..allen@enron.com, randy.bhatia@enron.com, frank.ermis@enron.com,', 'TRV Notification:  (West VaR - 11/07/2001)', 'The report named: West VaR <http://trv.corp.enron.com/linkFromExcel.asp?report_cd=36&report_name=West+VaR&category_cd=2&category_name=WEST&toc_hide=1&sTV1=2&TV1Exp=Y&current_efct_date=11/07/2001>, published as of 11/07/2001 is now available for viewing on the website.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mjones7@txu.com', 'cstone1@txu.com, ggreen2@txu.com, timpowell@txu.com,', 'Enron / HPL Actuals for July 10, 2000', 'Teco Tap       10.000 / Enron ; 110.000 / HPL IFERC
-
-LS HPL LSK IC       30.000 / Enron
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('susan.pereira@enron.com', 'kkw816@aol.com', 'soccer practice', 'Kathy-
-
-Is it safe to assume that practice is cancelled for tonight??
-
-Susan Pereira');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mark.whitt@enron.com', 'barry.tycholiz@enron.com', 'Huber Internal Memo', 'Please look at this.  I didn''t know how deep to go with the desk.  Do you think this works.
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('m..forney@enron.com', 'george.phillips@enron.com', '', 'George,
-Give me a call and we will further discuss opportunities on the 13st floor.
-
-Thanks,
-JMForney
-3-7160');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('brad.mckay@enron.com', 'angusmcka@aol.com', 'Re: (no subject)', 'not yet');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('adam.bayer@enron.com', 'jonathan.mckay@enron.com', 'FW: Curve Fetch File', 'Here is the curve fetch file sent to me.  It has plenty of points in it.  If you give me a list of which ones you need we may be able to construct a secondary worksheet to vlookup the values.
-
-adam
-35227
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Royed, Jeff  
-Sent:	Tuesday, September 25, 2001 11:37 AM
-To:	Bayer, Adam
-Subject:	Curve Fetch File
-
-Let me know if it works.   It may be required to have a certain version of Oracle for it to work properly.
-
- 
-
-Jeff Royed
-Enron 
-Energy Operations
-Phone: 713-853-5295');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('matt.smith@enron.com', 'yan.wang@enron.com', 'Report Formats', 'Yan,
-
-The merged reports look great.  I believe the only orientation changes are to 
-"unmerge" the following six reports:  
-
-31 Keystone Receipts
-15 Questar Pipeline
-40 Rockies Production
-22 West_2
-23 West_3
-25 CIG_WIC
-
-The orientation of the individual reports should be correct.  Thanks.
-
-Mat
-
-PS.  Just a reminder to add the "*" by the title of calculated points.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('michelle.lokay@enron.com', 'jimboman@bigfoot.com', 'Egyptian Festival', '---------------------- Forwarded by Michelle Lokay/ET&S/Enron on 09/07/2000 
-10:08 AM ---------------------------
-
-
-"Karkour, Randa" <Randa.Karkour@COMPAQ.com> on 09/07/2000 09:01:04 AM
-To: "''Agheb (E-mail)" <Agheb@aol.com>, "Leila Mankarious (E-mail)" 
-<Leila_Mankarious@mhhs.org>, "''Marymankarious (E-mail)" 
-<marymankarious@aol.com>, "Michelle lokay (E-mail)" <mlokay@enron.com>, "Ramy 
-Mankarious (E-mail)" <Mankarious@aol.com>
-cc:  
-
-Subject: Egyptian Festival
-
-
- <<Egyptian Festival.url>>
-
- http://www.egyptianfestival.com/
-
- - Egyptian Festival.url
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('errol.mclaughlin@enron.com', 'sherry.dawson@enron.com', 'Urgent!!! --- New EAST books', 'This has to be done..................................
-
-Thanks
----------------------- Forwarded by Errol McLaughlin/Corp/Enron on 12/20/2000 
-08:39 AM ---------------------------
-   
-	
-	
-	From:  William Kelly @ ECT                           12/20/2000 08:31 AM
-	
-
-To: Kam Keiser/HOU/ECT@ECT, Darron C Giron/HOU/ECT@ECT, David 
-Baumbach/HOU/ECT@ECT, Errol McLaughlin/Corp/Enron@ENRON
-cc: Kimat Singla/HOU/ECT@ECT, Kulvinder Fowler/NA/Enron@ENRON, Kyle R 
-Lilly/HOU/ECT@ECT, Jeff Royed/Corp/Enron@ENRON, Alejandra 
-Chavez/NA/Enron@ENRON, Crystal Hyde/HOU/ECT@ECT 
-
-Subject: New EAST books
-
-We have new book names in TAGG for our intramonth portfolios and it is 
-extremely important that any deal booked to the East is communicated quickly 
-to someone on my team.  I know it will take some time for the new names to 
-sink in and I do not want us to miss any positions or P&L.  
-
-Thanks for your help on this.
-
-New:
-Scott Neal :         East Northeast
-Dick Jenkins:     East Marketeast
-
-WK 
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('david.forster@enron.com', 'eol.wide@enron.com', 'Change to Stack Manager', 'Effective immediately, there is a change to the Stack Manager which will 
-affect any Inactive Child.
-
-An inactive Child with links to Parent products will not have their 
-calculated prices updated until the Child product is Activated.
-
-When the Child Product is activated, the price will be recalculated and 
-updated BEFORE it is displayed on the web.
-
-This means that if you are inputting a basis price on a Child product, you 
-will not see the final, calculated price until you Activate the product, at 
-which time the customer will also see it.
-
-If you have any questions, please contact the Help Desk on:
-
-Americas: 713 853 4357
-Europe: + 44 (0) 20 7783 7783
-Asia/Australia: +61 2 9229 2300
-
-Dave');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('vince.kaminski@enron.com', 'jhh1@email.msn.com', 'Re: Light reading - see pieces beginning on page 7', 'John,
-
-I saw it. Very interesting.
-
-Vince
-
-
-
-
-
-"John H Herbert" <jhh1@email.msn.com> on 07/28/2000 08:38:08 AM
-To: "Vince J Kaminski" <Vince_J_Kaminski@enron.com>
-cc:  
-Subject: Light reading - see pieces beginning on page 7
-
-
-Cheers and have a nice weekend,
-
-
-JHHerbert
-
-
-
-
- - gd000728.pdf
-
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('matthew.lenhart@enron.com', 'mmmarcantel@equiva.com', 'RE:', 'i will try to line up a pig for you ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('jae.black@enron.com', 'claudette.harvey@enron.com, chaun.roberts@enron.com, judy.martinez@enron.com,', 'Disaster Recovery Equipment', 'As a reminder...there are several pieces of equipment that are set up on the 30th Floor, as well as on our floor, for the Disaster Recovery Team.  PLEASE DO NOT TAKE, BORROW OR USE this equipment.  Should you need to use another computer system, other than yours, or make conference calls please work with your Assistant to help find or set up equipment for you to use.
-
-Thanks for your understanding in this matter.
-
-T.Jae Black
-East Power Trading
-Assistant to Kevin Presto
-off. 713-853-5800
-fax 713-646-8272
-cell 713-539-4760');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('eric.bass@enron.com', 'dale.neuner@enron.com', '5 X 24', 'Dale,
-
-Have you heard anything more on the 5 X 24s?  We would like to get this 
-product out ASAP.
-
-
-Thanks,
-
-Eric');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('messenger@smartreminders.com', 'm..tholt@enron.com', '10% Coupon - PrintPal Printer Cartridges - 100% Guaranteed', '[IMAGE]
-[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] 
-Dear  SmartReminders Member,
-       [IMAGE]         [IMAGE]        [IMAGE]     [IMAGE]    [IMAGE]    [IMAGE]        [IMAGE]      [IMAGE]     	
-
-
-  
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-
-We respect  your privacy and are a Certified Participant of the BBBOnLine
- Privacy Program.  To be removed from future offers,click  here. 
-SmartReminders.com  is a permission based service. To unsubscribe click  here .  ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('benjamin.rogers@enron.com', 'mark.bernstein@enron.com', '', 'The guy you are talking about left CIN under a "cloud of suspicion" sort of 
-speak.  He was the one who got into several bad deals and PPA''s in California 
-for CIN, thus he left on a bad note.  Let me know if you need more detail 
-than that, I felt this was the type of info you were looking for.  Thanks!
-Ben');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron_update@concureworkplace.com', 'michelle.cash@enron.com', 'Expense Report Receipts Not Received', 'Employee Name: Michelle Cash
-Report Name:   Houston Cellular 8-11-01
-Report Date:   12/13/01
-Report ID:     594D37C9ED2111D5B452
-Submitted On:  12/13/01
-
-You are only allowed 2 reports with receipts outstanding.  Your expense reports will not be paid until you meet this requirement.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('susan.mara@enron.com', 'ray.alvarez@enron.com, mark.palmer@enron.com, karen.denne@enron.com,', 'CAISO Emergency Motion -- to discontinue market-based rates for', 'FYI.  the latest broadside against the generators.
-
-Sue Mara
-Enron Corp.
-Tel: (415) 782-7802
-Fax:(415) 782-7854
------ Forwarded by Susan J Mara/NA/Enron on 06/08/2001 12:24 PM -----
-
-
-	"Milner, Marcie" <MMilner@coral-energy.com> 06/08/2001 11:13 AM 	   To: "''smara@enron.com''" <smara@enron.com>  cc:   Subject: CAISO Emergency Motion	
-
-
-Sue, did you see this emergency motion the CAISO filed today?  Apparently
-they are requesting that FERC discontinue market-based rates immediately and
-grant refunds plus interest on the difference between cost-based rates and
-market revenues received back to May 2000.  They are requesting the
-commission act within 14 days.  Have you heard anything about what they are
-doing?
-
-Marcie
-
-http://www.caiso.com/docs/2001/06/08/200106081005526469.pdf 
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('fletcher.sturm@enron.com', 'eloy.escobar@enron.com', 'Re: General Brinks Position Meeting', 'Eloy,
-
-Who is General Brinks?
-
-Fletch');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('nailia.dindarova@enron.com', 'richard.shapiro@enron.com', 'Documents for Mark Frevert (on EU developments and lessons from', 'Rick,
-
-Here are the documents that Peter has prepared for Mark Frevert. 
-
-Nailia
----------------------- Forwarded by Nailia Dindarova/LON/ECT on 25/06/2001 
-16:36 ---------------------------
-
-
-Nailia Dindarova
-25/06/2001 15:36
-To: Michael Brown/Enron@EUEnronXGate
-cc: Ross Sankey/Enron@EUEnronXGate, Eric Shaw/ENRON@EUEnronXGate, Peter 
-Styles/LON/ECT@ECT 
-
-Subject: Documents for Mark Frevert (on EU developments and lessons from 
-California)
-
-Michael,
-
-
-These are the documents that Peter promised to give to you for Mark Frevert. 
-He has now handed them to him in person but asked me to transmit them 
-electronically to you, as well as Eric and Ross.
-
-Nailia
-
-
-
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('peggy.a.kostial@accenture.com', 'dave.samuels@enron.com', 'EOL-Accenture Deal Sheet', 'Dave -
-
-Attached are our comments and suggested changes. Please call to review.
-
-On the time line for completion, we have four critical steps to complete:
-     Finalize market analysis to refine business case, specifically
-     projected revenue stream
-     Complete counterparty surveying, including targeting 3 CPs for letters
-     of intent
-     Review Enron asset base for potential reuse/ licensing
-     Contract negotiations
-
-Joe will come back to us with an updated time line, but it is my
-expectation that we are still on the same schedule (we just begun week
-three) with possibly a week or so slippage.....contract negotiations will
-probably be the critical path.
-
-We will send our cut at the actual time line here shortly. Thanks,
-
-Peggy
-
-(See attached file: accenture-dealpoints v2.doc)
- - accenture-dealpoints v2.doc ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('thomas.martin@enron.com', 'thomas.martin@enron.com', 'Re: Guadalupe Power Partners LP', '---------------------- Forwarded by Thomas A Martin/HOU/ECT on 03/20/2001 
-03:49 PM ---------------------------
-
-
-Thomas A Martin
-10/11/2000 03:55 PM
-To: Patrick Wade/HOU/ECT@ECT
-cc:  
-Subject: Re: Guadalupe Power Partners LP  
-
-The deal is physically served at Oasis Waha or Oasis Katy and is priced at 
-either HSC, Waha or Katytailgate GD at buyers option three days prior to 
-NYMEX  close.
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('judy.townsend@enron.com', 'dan.junek@enron.com, chris.germany@enron.com', 'Columbia Distribution''s Capacity Available for Release - Sum', '---------------------- Forwarded by Judy Townsend/HOU/ECT on 03/09/2001 11:04 
-AM ---------------------------
-
-
-agoddard@nisource.com on 03/08/2001 09:16:57 AM
-To: "        -         *Koch, Kent" <kkoch@nisource.com>, "        -         
-*Millar, Debra" <dmillar@nisource.com>, "        -         *Burke, Lynn" 
-<lburke@nisource.com>
-cc: "        -         *Heckathorn, Tom" <theckathorn@nisource.com> 
-Subject: Columbia Distribution''s Capacity Available for Release - Sum
-
-
-Attached is Columbia Distribution''s notice of capacity available for release
-for
-the summer of 2001 (Apr. 2001 through Oct. 2001).
-
-Please note that the deadline for bids is 3:00pm EST on March 20, 2001.
-
-If you have any questions, feel free to contact any of the representatives
-listed
-at the bottom of the attachment.
-
-Aaron Goddard
-
-
-
-
- - 2001Summer.doc
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('rhonda.denton@enron.com', 'tim.belden@enron.com, dana.davis@enron.com, genia.fitzgerald@enron.com,', 'Split Rock Energy LLC', 'We have received the executed EEI contract from this CP dated 12/12/2000.  
-Copies will be distributed to Legal and Credit.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kerrymcelroy@dwt.com', 'jack.speer@alcoa.com, crow@millernash.com, michaelearly@earthlink.net,', 'Oral Argument Request', ' - Oral Argument Request.doc');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mike.carson@enron.com', 'rlmichaelis@hormel.com', '', 'Did you come in town this wk end..... My new number at our house is : 
-713-668-3712...... my cell # is 281-381-7332
-
-the kid');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('cooper.richey@enron.com', 'trycooper@hotmail.com', 'FW: Contact Info', '
-
------Original Message-----
-From: Punja, Karim 
-Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:35 PM
-To: Richey, Cooper
-Subject: Contact Info
-
-
-Cooper,
-
-Its been a real pleasure working with you (even though it was for only a small amount of time)
-I hope we can stay in touch.
-
-Home# 234-0249
-email: kpunja@hotmail.com
-
-Take Care, 
-
-Karim.
-  ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('bjm30@earthlink.net', 'mcguinn.k@enron.com, mcguinn.ian@enron.com, mcguinn.stephen@enron.com,', 'email address change', 'Hello all.
-
-I haven''t talked to many of you via email recently but I do want to give you
-my new address for your email file:
-
-    bjm30@earthlink.net
-
-I hope all is well.
-
-Brian McGuinn');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('shelley.corman@enron.com', 'steve.hotte@enron.com', 'Flat Panels', 'Can you please advise what is going on with the flat panels that we had planned to distribute to our gas logistics team.  It was in the budget and we had the okay, but now I''m hearing there is some hold-up & the units are stored on 44.
-
-Shelley');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('sara.davidson@enron.com', 'john.schwartzenburg@enron.com, scott.dieball@enron.com, recipients@enron.com,', '2001 Enron Law Conference (Distribution List 2)', '    Enron Law Conference
-
-San Antonio, Texas    May 2-4, 2001    Westin Riverwalk
-
-                   See attached memo for more details!!
-
-
-? Registration for the law conference this year will be handled through an 
-Online RSVP Form on the Enron Law Conference Website at 
-http://lawconference.corp.enron.com.  The website is still under construction 
-and will not be available until Thursday, March 15, 2001.  
-
-? We will send you another e-mail to confirm when the Law Conference Website 
-is operational. 
-
-? Please complete the Online RSVP Form as soon as it is available  and submit 
-it no later than Friday, March 30th.  
-
-
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('tori.kuykendall@enron.com', 'heath.b.taylor@accenture.com', 'Re:', 'hey - thats funny about john - he definitely remembers him - i''ll call pat 
-and let him know - we are coming on saturday - i just havent had a chance to 
-call you guys back --  looking forward to it -- i probably need the 
-directions again though');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('darron.giron@enron.com', 'bryce.baxter@enron.com', 'Re: Feedback for Audrey Cook', 'Bryce,
-
-I''ll get it done today.  
-
-DG    3-9573
-
-
-   
-	
-	
-	From:  Bryce Baxter                           06/12/2000 07:15 PM
-	
-
-To: Darron C Giron/HOU/ECT@ECT
-cc:  
-Subject: Feedback for Audrey Cook
-
-You were identified as a reviewer for Audrey Cook.  If possible, could you 
-complete her feedback by end of business Wednesday?  It will really help me 
-in the PRC process to have your input.  Thanks.
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('casey.evans@enron.com', 'stephanie.sever@enron.com', 'Gas EOL ID', 'Stephanie,
-
-In conjunction with the recent movement of several power traders, they are changing the names of their gas books as well.  The names of the new gas books and traders are as follows:
-
-PWR-NG-LT-SPP:  Mike Carson
-PWR-NG-LT-SERC:  Jeff King
-
-If you need to know their power desk to map their ID to their gas books, those desks are as follows:
-
-EPMI-LT-SPP:  Mike Carson
-EPMI-LT-SERC:  Jeff King
-
-I will be in training this afternoon, but will be back when class is over.  Let me know if you have any questions.
-
-Thanks for your help!
-Casey');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('darrell.schoolcraft@enron.com', 'david.roensch@enron.com, kimberly.watson@enron.com, michelle.lokay@enron.com,', 'Postings', 'Please see the attached.
-
-
-ds
-
-
-  
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mcominsky@aol.com', 'cpatman@bracepatt.com, james_derrick@enron.com', 'Jurisprudence Luncheon', 'Carrin & Jim --
-
-It was an honor and a pleasure to meet both of you yesterday.  I know we will
-have fun working together on this very special event.
-
-Jeff left the jurisprudence luncheon lists for me before he left on vacation.
- I wasn''t sure whether he transmitted them to you as well.  Would you please
-advise me if you would like them sent to you?  I can email the MS Excel files
-or I can fax the hard copies to you.   Please advise what is most convenient.
-
-I plan to be in town through the holidays and can be reached by phone, email,
-or cell phone at any time.  My cell phone number is 713/705-4829.
-
-Thanks again for your interest in the ADL''s work.  Martin.
-
-Martin B. Cominsky
-Director, Southwest Region
-Anti-Defamation League
-713/627-3490, ext. 122
-713/627-2011 (fax)
-MCominsky@aol.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('phillip.love@enron.com', 'todagost@utmb.edu, gbsonnta@utmb.edu', 'New President', 'I had a little bird put a word in my ear.  Is there any possibility for Ben 
-Raimer to be Bush''s secretary of HHS?  Just curious about that infamous UTMB 
-rumor mill.  Hope things are well, happy holidays.
-PL');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('marie.heard@enron.com', 'ehamilton@fna.com', 'ISDA Master Agreement', 'Erin:
-
-Pursuant to your request, attached are the Schedule to the ISDA Master Agreement, together with Paragraph 13 to the ISDA Credit Support Annex.  Please let me know if you need anything else.  We look forward to hearing your comments.
-
-Marie
-
-Marie Heard
-Senior Legal Specialist
-Enron North America Corp.
-Phone:  (713) 853-3907
-Fax:  (713) 646-3490
-marie.heard@enron.com
-
-				 ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('andrea.ring@enron.com', 'beverly.beaty@enron.com', 'Re: Tennessee Buy - Louis Dreyfus', 'Beverly -  once again thanks so much for your help on this.
-
-           
-
-                                                                     ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('karolyn.criado@enron.com', 'j..bonin@enron.com, felicia.case@enron.com, b..clapp@enron.com,', 'Price List week of Oct. 8-9, 2001', '
-Please contact me if you have any questions regarding last weeks prices.
-
-Thank you,
-Karolyn Criado
-3-9441
-
-
- 
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kevin.presto@enron.com', 'edward.baughman@enron.com, billy.braddock@enron.com', 'Associated', 'Please begin working on filling our Associated short position in 02.   I would like to take this risk off the books.
-
-In addition, please find out what a buy-out of VEPCO would cost us.   With Rogers transitioning to run our retail risk management, I would like to clean up our customer positions.
-
-We also need to continue to explore a JEA buy-out.
-
-Thanks.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('stacy.dickson@enron.com', 'gregg.penman@enron.com', 'RE: Constellation TC 5-7-01', 'Gregg, 
-
-I am at home with a sick baby.  (Lots of fun!)  I will call you about this 
-tomorrow.
-
-Stacy');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('joe.quenet@enron.com', 'dfincher@utilicorp.com', '', 'hey big guy.....check this out.....
-
- w ww.gorelieberman-2000.com/');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('k..allen@enron.com', 'jacqestc@aol.com', '', 'Jacques,
-
-I sent you a fax of Kevin Kolb''s comments on the release.  The payoff on the note would be $36,248 ($36090(principal) + $158 (accrued interest)).
-This is assuming we wrap this up on Tuesday.  
-
-Please email to confirm that their changes are ok so I can set up a meeting on Tuesday to reach closure.
-
-Phillip');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kourtney.nelson@enron.com', 'mike.swerzbin@enron.com', 'Adjusted L/R Balance', 'Mike,
-
-I placed the adjusted L/R Balance on the Enronwest site.  It is under the "Staff/Kourtney Nelson".  There are two links:  
-
-1)  "Adj L_R" is the same data/format from the weekly strategy meeting. 
-2)  "New Gen 2001_2002" link has all of the supply side info that is used to calculate the L/R balance
-	-Please note the Data Flag column, a value of "3" indicates the project was cancelled, on hold, etc and is not included in the calc.  
-
-Both of these sheets are interactive Excel spreadsheets and thus you can play around with the data as you please.  Also, James Bruce is working to get his gen report on the web.  That will help with your access to information on new gen.
-
-Please let me know if you have any questions or feedback,
-
-Kourtney
-
-
-
-Kourtney Nelson
-Fundamental Analysis 
-Enron North America
-(503) 464-8280
-kourtney.nelson@enron.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('d..thomas@enron.com', 'naveed.ahmed@enron.com', 'FW: Current Enron TCC Portfolio', '
-
------Original Message-----
-From: Grace, Rebecca M. 
-Sent: Monday, December 17, 2001 9:44 AM
-To: Thomas, Paul D.
-Cc: Cashion, Jim; Allen, Thresa A.; May, Tom
-Subject: RE: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
-
-Paul,
-
-I reviewed NY''s list.  I agree with all of their contracts numbers and mw amounts.
-
-Call if you have any more questions.
-
-Rebecca
-
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Thomas, Paul D.  
-Sent:	Monday, December 17, 2001 9:08 AM
-To:	Grace, Rebecca M.
-Subject:	FW: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
- << File: enrontccs.xls >> 
-Rebecca,
-Let me know if you see any differences.
-
-Paul
-X 3-0403
------Original Message-----
-From: Thomas, Paul D. 
-Sent: Monday, December 17, 2001 9:04 AM
-To: Ahmed, Naveed
-Subject: FW: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
-
-
-
------Original Message-----
-From: Thomas, Paul D. 
-Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 10:01 AM
-To: Baughman, Edward D.
-Subject: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('stephanie.panus@enron.com', 'william.bradford@enron.com, debbie.brackett@enron.com,', 'Coastal Merchant Energy/El Paso Merchant Energy', 'Coastal Merchant Energy, L.P. merged with and into El Paso Merchant Energy, 
-L.P., effective February 1, 2001, with the surviving entity being El Paso 
-Merchant Energy, L.P.  We currently have ISDA Master Agreements with both 
-counterparties.  Please see the attached memo regarding the existing Masters 
-and let us know which agreement should be terminated.
-
-Thanks,
-Stephanie
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kam.keiser@enron.com', 'c..kenne@enron.com', 'RE: What about this too???', ' 
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Kenne, Dawn C.  
-Sent:	Wednesday, February 06, 2002 11:50 AM
-To:	Keiser, Kam
-Subject:	What about this too???
-
-
- << File: Netco Trader Matrix.xls >> 
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('chris.meyer@enron.com', 'joe.parks@enron.com', 'Centana', 'Talked to Chip.  We do need Cash Committe approval given the netting feature of your deal, which means Batch Funding Request.  Please update per my previous e-mail and forward.
-
-Thanks
-
-chris
-x31666');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('debra.perlingiere@enron.com', 'jworman@academyofhealth.com', '', 'Have a great weekend!   Happy Fathers Day!
-
-
-Debra Perlingiere
-Enron North America Corp.
-1400 Smith Street, EB 3885
-Houston, Texas 77002
-dperlin@enron.com
-Phone 713-853-7658
-Fax  713-646-3490');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('outlook.team@enron.com', '', 'Demo by Martha Janousek of Dashboard & Pipeline Profile / Julia  &', 'CALENDAR ENTRY:	APPOINTMENT
-
-Description:
-	Demo by Martha Janousek of Dashboard & Pipeline Profile / Julia  & Dir Rpts. - 4102
-
-Date:		1/5/2001
-Time:		9:00 AM - 10:00 AM (Central Standard Time)
-
-Chairperson:	Outlook Migration Team
-
-Detailed Description:');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('diana.seifert@enron.com', 'mark.taylor@enron.com', 'Guest access Chile', 'Hello Mark,
-
-Justin Boyd told me that your can help me with questions regarding Chile.
-We got a request for guest access through MG.
-The company is called Escondida and is a subsidiary of BHP Australia.
-
-Please advise if I can set up a guest account or not.
-F.Y.I.: MG is planning to put a "in w/h Chile" contract for Copper on-line as 
-soon as Enron has done the due diligence for this country.
-Thanks !
-
-
-Best regards
-
-Diana Seifert
-EOL PCG');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron_update@concureworkplace.com', 'mark.whitt@enron.com', '<<Concur Expense Document>> - 121001', 'The Approval status has changed on the following report:
-
-Status last changed by: Barry L. Tycholiz
-Expense Report Name: 121001
-Report Total: $198.98
-Amount Due Employee: $198.98
-Amount Approved: $198.98
-Amount Paid: $0.00
-Approval Status: Approved
-Payment Status: Pending
-
-
-To review this expense report, click on the following link for Concur Expense.
-http://expensexms.enron.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kevin.hyatt@enron.com', '', 'Technical Support', 'Outside the U.S., please refer to the list below:
-
-Australia:
-1800 678-515
-support@palm-au.com
-
-Canada:
-1905 305-6530
-support@palm.com
-
-New Zealand:
-0800 446-398
-support@palm-nz.com
-
-U.K.:
-0171 867 0108
-eurosupport@palm.3com.com
-
-Please refer to the Worldwide Customer Support card for a complete technical support contact list.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('geoff.storey@enron.com', 'dutch.quigley@enron.com', 'RE:', 'duke contact?
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Quigley, Dutch  
-Sent:	Wednesday, October 31, 2001 10:14 AM
-To:	Storey, Geoff
-Subject:	RE: 
-
-bp corp	Albert LaMore	281-366-4962
-
-running the reports now
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Storey, Geoff  
-Sent:	Wednesday, October 31, 2001 10:10 AM
-To:	Quigley, Dutch
-Subject:	RE: 
-
-give me a contact over there too
-BP
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Quigley, Dutch  
-Sent:	Wednesday, October 31, 2001 9:42 AM
-To:	Storey, Geoff
-Subject:	
-
-Coral	Jeff Whitnah	713-767-5374
-Relaint	Steve McGinn	713-207-4000');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('pete.davis@enron.com', 'pete.davis@enron.com', 'Start Date: 4/22/01; HourAhead hour: 3;  <CODESITE>', 'Start Date: 4/22/01; HourAhead hour: 3;  No ancillary schedules awarded.  
-Variances detected.
-Variances detected in Load schedule.
-
-    LOG MESSAGES:
-
-PARSING FILE -->> O:\Portland\WestDesk\California Scheduling\ISO Final 
-Schedules\2001042203.txt
-
----- Load Schedule ----
-$$$ Variance found in table tblLoads.
-     Details: (Hour: 3 / Preferred:   1.92 / Final:   1.89)
-  TRANS_TYPE: FINAL
-  LOAD_ID: PGE4
-  MKT_TYPE: 2
-  TRANS_DATE: 4/22/01
-  SC_ID: EPMI
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('john.postlethwaite@enron.com', 'john.zufferli@enron.com', 'Reference', 'John, hope things are going well up there for you. The big day is almost here for you and Jessica. I was wondering if I could use your name as a job reference if need be. I am just trying to get everything in order just in case something happens. 
-
-John');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('jeffrey.shankman@enron.com', 'lschiffm@jonesday.com', 'Re:', 'I saw you called on the cell this a.m.  Sorry I missed you.  (I was in the 
-shower).  I have had a shitty week--I suspect my silence (not only to you, 
-but others) after our phone call is a result of the week.  I''m seeing Glen at 
-11:15....talk to you');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('litebytz@enron.com', '', 'Lite Bytz RSVP', '
-This week''s Lite Bytz presentation will feature the following TOOLZ speaker:
-
-Richard McDougall
-Solaris 8
-Thursday, June 7, 2001
-
-If you have not already signed up, please RSVP via email to litebytz@enron.com by the end of the day Tuesday, June 5, 2001.
-
-*Remember: this is now a Brown Bag Event--so bring your lunch and we will provide cookies and drinks.
-
-Click below for more details.
-
-http://home.enron.com:84/messaging/litebytztoolzprint.jpg');
-    COMMIT;
-  }
-} {}
-
-###############################################################################
-# Everything above just builds an interesting test database.  The actual
-# tests come after this comment.
-###############################################################################
-
-do_test fts1c-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark'
-  }
-} {6 17 25 38 40 42 73 74}
-do_test fts1c-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'susan'
-  }
-} {24 40}
-do_test fts1c-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark susan'
-  }
-} {40}
-do_test fts1c-1.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'susan mark'
-  }
-} {40}
-do_test fts1c-1.6 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH '"mark susan"'
-  }
-} {}
-do_test fts1c-1.7 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark -susan'
-  }
-} {6 17 25 38 42 73 74}
-do_test fts1c-1.8 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH '-mark susan'
-  }
-} {24}
-do_test fts1c-1.9 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark OR susan'
-  }
-} {6 17 24 25 38 40 42 73 74}
-
-# Some simple tests of the automatic "offsets(email)" column.  In the sample
-# data set above, only one message, number 20, contains the words
-# "gas" and "reminder" in both body and subject.
-#
-do_test fts1c-2.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 0 42 3 2 1 54 8 3 0 42 3 3 1 54 8 3 0 129 3 3 0 143 3 3 0 240 3}}
-do_test fts1c-2.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'subject:gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 0 42 3 2 1 54 8 3 1 54 8}}
-do_test fts1c-2.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'body:gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 1 54 8 3 0 42 3 3 1 54 8 3 0 129 3 3 0 143 3 3 0 240 3}}
-do_test fts1c-2.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE subject MATCH 'gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 0 42 3 2 1 54 8}}
-do_test fts1c-2.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE body MATCH 'gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {3 0 42 3 3 1 54 8 3 0 129 3 3 0 143 3 3 0 240 3}}
-
-# Document 32 contains 5 instances of the world "child".  But only
-# 3 of them are paired with "product".  Make sure only those instances
-# that match the phrase appear in the offsets(email) list.
-#
-do_test fts1c-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE body MATCH 'child product' AND +rowid=32
-  }
-} {32 {3 0 94 5 3 0 114 5 3 0 207 5 3 1 213 7 3 0 245 5 3 1 251 7 3 0 409 5 3 1 415 7 3 1 493 7}}
-do_test fts1c-3.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE body MATCH '"child product"'
-  }
-} {32 {3 0 207 5 3 1 213 7 3 0 245 5 3 1 251 7 3 0 409 5 3 1 415 7}}
-
-# Snippet generator tests
-#
-do_test fts1c-4.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'subject:gas reminder'
-  }
-} {{Alert Posted 10:00 AM November 20,2000: E-<b>GAS</b> Request <b>Reminder</b>}}
-do_test fts1c-4.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'christmas candlelight'
-  }
-} {{<b>...</b> place.? What do you think about going here <b>Christmas</b> 
-eve?? They have an 11:00 a.m. service and a <b>candlelight</b> service at 5:00 p.m., 
-among others. <b>...</b>}}
-
-do_test fts1c-4.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'deal sheet potential reuse'
-  }
-} {{EOL-Accenture <b>Deal</b> <b>Sheet</b> <b>...</b> intent
-     Review Enron asset base for <b>potential</b> <b>reuse</b>/ licensing
-     Contract negotiations <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts1c-4.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email,'<<<','>>>',' ') FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'deal sheet potential reuse'
-  }
-} {{EOL-Accenture <<<Deal>>> <<<Sheet>>>  intent
-     Review Enron asset base for <<<potential>>> <<<reuse>>>/ licensing
-     Contract negotiations  }}
-do_test fts1c-4.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email,'<<<','>>>',' ') FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'first things'
-  }
-} {{Re: <<<First>>> Polish Deal!  Congrats!  <<<Things>>> seem to be building rapidly now on the  }}
-do_test fts1c-4.6 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'chris is here'
-  }
-} {{<b>chris</b>.germany@enron.com <b>...</b> Sounds good to me.  I bet this <b>is</b> next to the Warick?? Hotel. <b>...</b> place.? What do you think about going <b>here</b> Christmas 
-eve?? They have an 11:00 a.m. <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts1c-4.7 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH '"pursuant to"'
-  }
-} {{Erin:
-
-<b>Pursuant</b> <b>to</b> your request, attached are the Schedule to <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts1c-4.8 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'ancillary load davis'
-  }
-} {{pete.<b>davis</b>@enron.com <b>...</b> Start Date: 4/22/01; HourAhead hour: 3;  No <b>ancillary</b> schedules awarded.  
-Variances detected.
-Variances detected in <b>Load</b> schedule.
-
-    LOG MESSAGES:
-
-PARSING <b>...</b>}}
-
-# Combinations of AND and OR operators:
-#
-do_test fts1c-5.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'questar enron OR com'
-  }
-} {{matt.smith@<b>enron</b>.<b>com</b> <b>...</b> six reports:  
-
-31 Keystone Receipts
-15 <b>Questar</b> Pipeline
-40 Rockies Production
-22 West_2 <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts1c-5.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'enron OR com questar'
-  }
-} {{matt.smith@<b>enron</b>.<b>com</b> <b>...</b> six reports:  
-
-31 Keystone Receipts
-15 <b>Questar</b> Pipeline
-40 Rockies Production
-22 West_2 <b>...</b>}}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1d.test b/sqlite/test/fts1d.test
deleted file mode 100644
index ea230348..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1d.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 1
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS1 module, and in particular
-# the Porter stemmer.
-#
-# $Id: fts1d.test,v 1.1 2006/10/01 18:41:21 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-do_test fts1d-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content, tokenize porter);
-    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'running and jumping');
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'run jump';
-  }
-} {1}
-do_test fts1d-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'run jump';
-  }
-} {{<b>running</b> and <b>jumping</b>}}
-do_test fts1d-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) 
-          VALUES(2, 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz');
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abcdefghijqrstuvwyxz'
-  }
-} {2 <b>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz</b>}
-do_test fts1d-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abcdefghijXXXXqrstuvwyxz'
-  }
-} {2 <b>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz</b>}
-do_test fts1d-1.5 {
-  execsql {
-    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) 
-          VALUES(3, 'The value is 123456789');
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '123789'
-  }
-} {3 {The value is <b>123456789</b>}}
-do_test fts1d-1.6 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '123000000789'
-  }
-} {3 {The value is <b>123456789</b>}}
-
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1e.test b/sqlite/test/fts1e.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 479cfac9..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1e.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 19
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing deletions in the FTS1 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts1e.test,v 1.1 2006/10/19 23:28:35 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing keywords which are the
-# ordinal numbers of the bit positions set for a sequence of integers,
-# which are used for the rowid.  There are a total of 30 INSERT and
-# DELETE statements, so that we'll test both the segmentMerge() merge
-# (over the first 16) and the termSelect() merge (over the level-1
-# segment and 14 level-0 segments).
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'one');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, 'one two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, 'three');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, 'one three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(6, 'two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(7, 'one two three');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(8, 'four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(9, 'one four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(10, 'two four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 7;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(11, 'one two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(12, 'three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(13, 'one three four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 10;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(14, 'two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(15, 'one two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(16, 'five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 13;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(17, 'one five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(18, 'two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(19, 'one two five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 16;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(20, 'three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(21, 'one three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(22, 'two three five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 19;
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 22;
-}
-
-do_test fts1f-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t1}
-} {14}
-
-do_test fts1e-2.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {3 5 9 11 15 17 21}
-
-do_test fts1e-2.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two'}
-} {2 3 6 11 14 15 18}
-
-do_test fts1e-2.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three'}
-} {5 6 12 14 15 20 21}
-
-do_test fts1e-2.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'four'}
-} {8 9 11 12 14 15}
-
-do_test fts1e-2.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five'}
-} {17 18 20 21}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1f.test b/sqlite/test/fts1f.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 19dea0a3..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1f.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 19
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing updates in the FTS1 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts1f.test,v 1.2 2007/02/23 00:14:06 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing keywords which are the
-# ordinal numbers of the bit positions set for a sequence of integers,
-# which are used for the rowid.  There are a total of 31 INSERT,
-# UPDATE, and DELETE statements, so that we'll test both the
-# segmentMerge() merge (over the first 16) and the termSelect() merge
-# (over the level-1 segment and 15 level-0 segments).
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'one');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, 'one two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, 'three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, 'one three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(6, 'two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(7, 'one two three');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(8, 'four');
-  UPDATE t1 SET content = 'update one three' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(9, 'one four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(10, 'two four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 7;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(11, 'one two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(12, 'three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(13, 'one three four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 10;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(14, 'two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(15, 'one two three four');
-  UPDATE t1 SET content = 'update two five' WHERE rowid = 8;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(16, 'five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 13;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(17, 'one five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(18, 'two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(19, 'one two five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 16;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(20, 'three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(21, 'one three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(22, 'two three five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 19;
-  UPDATE t1 SET content = 'update' WHERE rowid = 15;
-}
-
-do_test fts1f-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t1}
-} {16}
-
-do_test fts1f-2.0 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'update'}
-} {1 8 15}
-
-do_test fts1f-2.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 9 11 17 21}
-
-do_test fts1f-2.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two'}
-} {2 3 6 8 11 14 18 22}
-
-do_test fts1f-2.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three'}
-} {1 5 6 12 14 20 21 22}
-
-do_test fts1f-2.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'four'}
-} {9 11 12 14}
-
-do_test fts1f-2.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five'}
-} {8 17 18 20 21 22}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1i.test b/sqlite/test/fts1i.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 803b93bf..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1i.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 January 17
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite fts1 library.  The
-# focus here is testing handling of UPDATE when using UTF-16-encoded
-# databases.
-#
-# $Id: fts1i.test,v 1.2 2007/01/24 03:43:20 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-
-# Return the UTF-16 representation of the supplied UTF-8 string $str.
-# If $nt is true, append two 0x00 bytes as a nul terminator.
-# NOTE(shess) Copied from capi3.test.
-proc utf16 {str {nt 1}} {
-  set r [encoding convertto unicode $str]
-  if {$nt} {
-    append r "\x00\x00"
-  }
-  return $r
-}
-
-db eval {
-  PRAGMA encoding = "UTF-16le";
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content);
-}
-
-do_test fts1i-1.0 {
-  execsql {PRAGMA encoding}
-} {UTF-16le}
-
-do_test fts1i-1.1 {
-  execsql {INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'one')}
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1}
-} {one}
-
-do_test fts1i-1.2 {
-  set sql "INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'two')"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 2}
-} {two}
-
-do_test fts1i-1.3 {
-  set sql "INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, 'three')"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  set sql "UPDATE t1 SET content = 'trois' WHERE rowid = 3"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 3}
-} {trois}
-
-do_test fts1i-1.4 {
-  set sql16 [utf16 {INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, 'four')}]
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare16 $DB $sql16 -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4}
-} {four}
-
-do_test fts1i-1.5 {
-  set sql16 [utf16 {INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, 'five')}]
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare16 $DB $sql16 -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  set sql "UPDATE t1 SET content = 'cinq' WHERE rowid = 5"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 5}
-} {cinq}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1j.test b/sqlite/test/fts1j.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 4dac22ab..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1j.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 February 6
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  This
-# tests creating fts1 tables in an attached database.
-#
-# $Id: fts1j.test,v 1.1 2007/02/07 01:01:18 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Clean up anything left over from a previous pass.
-forcedelete test2.db
-forcedelete test2.db-journal
-sqlite3 db2 test2.db
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts1(content);
-  INSERT INTO t3 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-}
-
-db2 eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-}
-
-# This has always worked because the t1_* tables used by fts1 will be
-# the defaults.
-do_test fts1j-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS two;
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'hello';
-    DETACH DATABASE two;
-  }
-} {1 2}
-# Make certain we're detached if there was an error.
-catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
-
-# In older code, this appears to work fine, but the t2_* tables used
-# by fts1 will be created in database 'main' instead of database
-# 'two'.  It appears to work fine because the tables end up being the
-# defaults, but obviously is badly broken if you hope to use things
-# other than in the exact same ATTACH setup.
-do_test fts1j-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS two;
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE two.t2 USING fts1(content);
-    INSERT INTO t2 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-    INSERT INTO t2 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-    INSERT INTO t2 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-    SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'hello';
-    DETACH DATABASE two;
-  }
-} {1 2}
-catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
-
-# In older code, this broke because the fts1 code attempted to create
-# t3_* tables in database 'main', but they already existed.  Normally
-# this wouldn't happen without t3 itself existing, in which case the
-# fts1 code would never be called in the first place.
-do_test fts1j-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS two;
-
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE two.t3 USING fts1(content);
-    INSERT INTO two.t3 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-    INSERT INTO two.t3 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-    SELECT rowid FROM two.t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'hello';
-
-    DETACH DATABASE two;
-  } db2
-} {2}
-catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
-
-catch {db2 close}
-forcedelete test2.db
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1k.test b/sqlite/test/fts1k.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 35b94d2a..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1k.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 March 28
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing isspace/isalnum/tolower problems with the
-# FTS1 module.  Unfortunately, this code isn't a really principled set
-# of tests, because it is impossible to know where new uses of these
-# functions might appear.
-#
-# $Id: fts1k.test,v 1.2 2007/12/13 21:54:11 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Tests that startsWith() (calls isspace, tolower, isalnum) can handle
-# hi-bit chars.  parseSpec() also calls isalnum here.
-do_test fts1k-1.1 {
-  execsql "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(content, \x80)"
-} {}
-
-# Additionally tests isspace() call in getToken(), and isalnum() call
-# in tokenListToIdList().
-do_test fts1k-1.2 {
-  catch {
-    execsql "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts1(content, tokenize \x80)"
-  }
-  sqlite3_errmsg $DB
-} "unknown tokenizer: \x80"
-
-# Additionally test final isalnum() in startsWith().
-do_test fts1k-1.3 {
-  execsql "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts1(content, tokenize\x80)"
-} {}
-
-# The snippet-generation code has calls to isspace() which are sort of
-# hard to get to.  It finds convenient breakpoints by starting ~40
-# chars before and after the matched term, and scanning ~10 chars
-# around that position for isspace() characters.  The long word with
-# embedded hi-bit chars causes one of these isspace() calls to be
-# exercised.  The version with a couple extra spaces should cause the
-# other isspace() call to be exercised.  [Both cases have been tested
-# in the debugger, but I'm hoping to continue to catch it if simple
-# constant changes change things slightly.
-#
-# The trailing and leading hi-bit chars help with code which tests for
-# isspace() to coalesce multiple spaces.
-
-set word "\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80"
-set phrase1 "$word $word $word target $word $word $word"
-set phrase2 "$word $word $word    target    $word $word $word"
-
-db eval {CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts1(content)}
-db eval "INSERT INTO t4 (content) VALUES ('$phrase1')"
-db eval "INSERT INTO t4 (content) VALUES ('$phrase2')"
-
-do_test fts1k-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid, length(snippet(t4)) FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'target'}
-} {1 111 2 117}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1l.test b/sqlite/test/fts1l.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 924be338..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1l.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 April 9
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  fts1
-# DELETE handling assumed all fields were non-null.  This was not
-# the intention at all.
-#
-# $Id: fts1l.test,v 1.1 2007/04/09 20:45:42 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(col_a, col_b);
-
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(1, 'testing', 'testing');
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(2, 'only a', null);
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(3, null, 'only b');
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(4, null, null);
-}
-
-do_test fts1m-1.0 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {2 2 4}
-
-do_test fts1m-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {1 1 3}
-
-do_test fts1m-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 2;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {0 1 2}
-
-do_test fts1m-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 3;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {0 0 1}
-
-do_test fts1m-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {0 0 0}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1m.test b/sqlite/test/fts1m.test
deleted file mode 100644
index c2f8f915..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1m.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 July 27
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing the FTS1 module, specifically snippet
-# generation.  Extracted from fts2o.test.
-#
-# $Id: fts1m.test,v 1.1 2007/07/25 00:25:20 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#---------------------------------------------------------------------
-# These tests, fts1m-1.*, test that ticket #2429 is fixed.
-#
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(a, b, c);
-  INSERT INTO t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one three four', 'one four', 'one four two');
-}
-do_test fts1m-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'four';
-  }
-} {1 {one <b>four</b> two}}
-do_test fts1m-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE b MATCH 'four';
-  }
-} {1 {one <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts1m-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four';
-  }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1n.test b/sqlite/test/fts1n.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 2f102b4e..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1n.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 July 24
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing the FTS1 module for errors in the handling
-# of SQLITE_SCHEMA.
-#
-# $Id: fts1n.test,v 1.1 2007/07/25 00:38:06 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-do_test fts1m-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(a, b, c);
-    INSERT INTO t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one three four', 'one four', 'one two');
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two';
-  }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one two}}
-
-# This test was crashing at one point.
-#
-do_test fts1m-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two';
-    CREATE TABLE t3(a, b, c);
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE  c  MATCH 'two';
-  }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one two} {one three four} {one four} {one two}}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1o.test b/sqlite/test/fts1o.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 3ed09529..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1o.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 July 24
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing the FTS1 module rename functionality.  Mostly
-# copied from fts2o.test.
-#
-# $Id: fts1o.test,v 1.2 2007/08/30 20:01:33 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(a, b, c);
-  INSERT INTO t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one three four', 'one four', 'one four two');
-}
-
-#---------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test that it is possible to rename an fts1 table.
-#
-do_test fts1o-1.1 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {t1 t1_content t1_term}
-do_test fts1o-1.2 {
-  execsql { ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME to fts_t1; }
-} {}
-do_test fts1o-1.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT rowid, snippet(fts_t1) FROM fts_t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four'; }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts1o-1.4 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {fts_t1 fts_t1_content fts_t1_term}
-
-# See what happens when renaming the fts1 table fails.
-#
-do_test fts1o-2.1 {
-  catchsql {
-    CREATE TABLE t1_term(a, b, c);
-    ALTER TABLE fts_t1 RENAME to t1;
-  }
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
-do_test fts1o-2.2 {
-  execsql { SELECT rowid, snippet(fts_t1) FROM fts_t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four'; }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts1o-2.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {fts_t1 fts_t1_content fts_t1_term t1_term}
-
-# See what happens when renaming the fts1 table fails inside a transaction.
-#
-do_test fts1o-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN;
-    INSERT INTO fts_t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one two three', 'one four', 'one two');
-  }
-} {}
-do_test fts1o-3.2 {
-  catchsql {
-    ALTER TABLE fts_t1 RENAME to t1;
-  }
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
-# NOTE(shess) rowid AS rowid to defeat caching.  Otherwise, this
-# seg-faults, I suspect that there's something up with a stale
-# virtual-table reference, but I'm not quite sure how it happens here
-# but not for fts2o.test.
-do_test fts1o-3.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT rowid AS rowid, snippet(fts_t1) FROM fts_t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four'; }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts1o-3.4 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {fts_t1 fts_t1_content fts_t1_term t1_term}
-do_test fts1o-3.5 {
-  execsql COMMIT
-  execsql {SELECT a FROM fts_t1}
-} {{one three four} {one two three}}
-do_test fts1o-3.6 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM fts_t1 WHERE c MATCH 'four'; }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one four two}}
-
-#---------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test that it is possible to rename an fts1 table in an attached 
-# database.
-#
-forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
-
-do_test fts1o-4.1 {
-  execsql {
-    DROP TABLE t1_term;
-    ALTER TABLE fts_t1 RENAME to t1;
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two';
-  }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one four two} {one two three} {one four} {one two}}
-
-do_test fts1o-4.2 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE aux.t1 USING fts1(a, b, c);
-    INSERT INTO aux.t1(a, b, c) VALUES(
-      'neung song sahm', 'neung see', 'neung see song'
-    );
-  }
-} {}
-
-do_test fts1o-4.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM aux.t1 WHERE a MATCH 'song'; }
-} {{neung song sahm} {neung see} {neung see song}}
-
-do_test fts1o-4.4 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two'; }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one four two} {one two three} {one four} {one two}}
-
-do_test fts1o-4.5 {
-  execsql { ALTER TABLE aux.t1 RENAME TO t2 }
-} {}
-
-do_test fts1o-4.6 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM t2 WHERE a MATCH 'song'; }
-} {{neung song sahm} {neung see} {neung see song}}
-
-do_test fts1o-4.7 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two'; }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one four two} {one two three} {one four} {one two}}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts1porter.test b/sqlite/test/fts1porter.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ca87a01..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts1porter.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23590 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 1
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS1 module, and in particular
-# the Porter stemmer.
-#
-# $Id: fts1porter.test,v 1.5 2006/10/03 19:37:37 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS1 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts1 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Test data for the Porter stemmer.  The first word of each line
-# is the input.  The second word is the desired output.
-#
-# This test data is taken from http://www.tartarus.org/martin/PorterStemmer/
-# There is no claim of copyright made on that page, but you should
-# probably contact the author (Martin Porter - the inventor of the
-# Porter Stemmer algorithm) if you want to use this test data in a
-# commerical product of some kind.  The stemmer code in FTS1 is a
-# complete rewrite from scratch based on the algorithm specification
-# and does not contain any code under copyright.
-#
-set porter_test_data {
-    a                    a
-    aaron                aaron
-    abaissiez            abaissiez
-    abandon              abandon
-    abandoned            abandon
-    abase                abas
-    abash                abash
-    abate                abat
-    abated               abat
-    abatement            abat
-    abatements           abat
-    abates               abat
-    abbess               abbess
-    abbey                abbei
-    abbeys               abbei
-    abbominable          abbomin
-    abbot                abbot
-    abbots               abbot
-    abbreviated          abbrevi
-    abed                 ab
-    abel                 abel
-    aberga               aberga
-    abergavenny          abergavenni
-    abet                 abet
-    abetting             abet
-    abhominable          abhomin
-    abhor                abhor
-    abhorr               abhorr
-    abhorred             abhor
-    abhorring            abhor
-    abhors               abhor
-    abhorson             abhorson
-    abide                abid
-    abides               abid
-    abilities            abil
-    ability              abil
-    abject               abject
-    abjectly             abjectli
-    abjects              abject
-    abjur                abjur
-    abjure               abjur
-    able                 abl
-    abler                abler
-    aboard               aboard
-    abode                abod
-    aboded               abod
-    abodements           abod
-    aboding              abod
-    abominable           abomin
-    abominably           abomin
-    abominations         abomin
-    abortive             abort
-    abortives            abort
-    abound               abound
-    abounding            abound
-    about                about
-    above                abov
-    abr                  abr
-    abraham              abraham
-    abram                abram
-    abreast              abreast
-    abridg               abridg
-    abridge              abridg
-    abridged             abridg
-    abridgment           abridg
-    abroach              abroach
-    abroad               abroad
-    abrogate             abrog
-    abrook               abrook
-    abrupt               abrupt
-    abruption            abrupt
-    abruptly             abruptli
-    absence              absenc
-    absent               absent
-    absey                absei
-    absolute             absolut
-    absolutely           absolut
-    absolv               absolv
-    absolver             absolv
-    abstains             abstain
-    abstemious           abstemi
-    abstinence           abstin
-    abstract             abstract
-    absurd               absurd
-    absyrtus             absyrtu
-    abundance            abund
-    abundant             abund
-    abundantly           abundantli
-    abus                 abu
-    abuse                abus
-    abused               abus
-    abuser               abus
-    abuses               abus
-    abusing              abus
-    abutting             abut
-    aby                  abi
-    abysm                abysm
-    ac                   ac
-    academe              academ
-    academes             academ
-    accent               accent
-    accents              accent
-    accept               accept
-    acceptable           accept
-    acceptance           accept
-    accepted             accept
-    accepts              accept
-    access               access
-    accessary            accessari
-    accessible           access
-    accidence            accid
-    accident             accid
-    accidental           accident
-    accidentally         accident
-    accidents            accid
-    accite               accit
-    accited              accit
-    accites              accit
-    acclamations         acclam
-    accommodate          accommod
-    accommodated         accommod
-    accommodation        accommod
-    accommodations       accommod
-    accommodo            accommodo
-    accompanied          accompani
-    accompany            accompani
-    accompanying         accompani
-    accomplices          accomplic
-    accomplish           accomplish
-    accomplished         accomplish
-    accomplishing        accomplish
-    accomplishment       accomplish
-    accompt              accompt
-    accord               accord
-    accordant            accord
-    accorded             accord
-    accordeth            accordeth
-    according            accord
-    accordingly          accordingli
-    accords              accord
-    accost               accost
-    accosted             accost
-    account              account
-    accountant           account
-    accounted            account
-    accounts             account
-    accoutred            accoutr
-    accoutrement         accoutr
-    accoutrements        accoutr
-    accrue               accru
-    accumulate           accumul
-    accumulated          accumul
-    accumulation         accumul
-    accurs               accur
-    accursed             accurs
-    accurst              accurst
-    accus                accu
-    accusation           accus
-    accusations          accus
-    accusative           accus
-    accusativo           accusativo
-    accuse               accus
-    accused              accus
-    accuser              accus
-    accusers             accus
-    accuses              accus
-    accuseth             accuseth
-    accusing             accus
-    accustom             accustom
-    accustomed           accustom
-    ace                  ac
-    acerb                acerb
-    ache                 ach
-    acheron              acheron
-    aches                ach
-    achiev               achiev
-    achieve              achiev
-    achieved             achiev
-    achievement          achiev
-    achievements         achiev
-    achiever             achiev
-    achieves             achiev
-    achieving            achiev
-    achilles             achil
-    aching               ach
-    achitophel           achitophel
-    acknowledg           acknowledg
-    acknowledge          acknowledg
-    acknowledged         acknowledg
-    acknowledgment       acknowledg
-    acknown              acknown
-    acold                acold
-    aconitum             aconitum
-    acordo               acordo
-    acorn                acorn
-    acquaint             acquaint
-    acquaintance         acquaint
-    acquainted           acquaint
-    acquaints            acquaint
-    acquir               acquir
-    acquire              acquir
-    acquisition          acquisit
-    acquit               acquit
-    acquittance          acquitt
-    acquittances         acquitt
-    acquitted            acquit
-    acre                 acr
-    acres                acr
-    across               across
-    act                  act
-    actaeon              actaeon
-    acted                act
-    acting               act
-    action               action
-    actions              action
-    actium               actium
-    active               activ
-    actively             activ
-    activity             activ
-    actor                actor
-    actors               actor
-    acts                 act
-    actual               actual
-    acture               actur
-    acute                acut
-    acutely              acut
-    ad                   ad
-    adage                adag
-    adallas              adalla
-    adam                 adam
-    adamant              adam
-    add                  add
-    added                ad
-    adder                adder
-    adders               adder
-    addeth               addeth
-    addict               addict
-    addicted             addict
-    addiction            addict
-    adding               ad
-    addition             addit
-    additions            addit
-    addle                addl
-    address              address
-    addressing           address
-    addrest              addrest
-    adds                 add
-    adhere               adher
-    adheres              adher
-    adieu                adieu
-    adieus               adieu
-    adjacent             adjac
-    adjoin               adjoin
-    adjoining            adjoin
-    adjourn              adjourn
-    adjudg               adjudg
-    adjudged             adjudg
-    adjunct              adjunct
-    administer           administ
-    administration       administr
-    admir                admir
-    admirable            admir
-    admiral              admir
-    admiration           admir
-    admire               admir
-    admired              admir
-    admirer              admir
-    admiring             admir
-    admiringly           admiringli
-    admission            admiss
-    admit                admit
-    admits               admit
-    admittance           admitt
-    admitted             admit
-    admitting            admit
-    admonish             admonish
-    admonishing          admonish
-    admonishment         admonish
-    admonishments        admonish
-    admonition           admonit
-    ado                  ado
-    adonis               adoni
-    adopt                adopt
-    adopted              adopt
-    adoptedly            adoptedli
-    adoption             adopt
-    adoptious            adopti
-    adopts               adopt
-    ador                 ador
-    adoration            ador
-    adorations           ador
-    adore                ador
-    adorer               ador
-    adores               ador
-    adorest              adorest
-    adoreth              adoreth
-    adoring              ador
-    adorn                adorn
-    adorned              adorn
-    adornings            adorn
-    adornment            adorn
-    adorns               adorn
-    adown                adown
-    adramadio            adramadio
-    adrian               adrian
-    adriana              adriana
-    adriano              adriano
-    adriatic             adriat
-    adsum                adsum
-    adulation            adul
-    adulterate           adulter
-    adulterates          adulter
-    adulterers           adulter
-    adulteress           adulteress
-    adulteries           adulteri
-    adulterous           adulter
-    adultery             adulteri
-    adultress            adultress
-    advanc               advanc
-    advance              advanc
-    advanced             advanc
-    advancement          advanc
-    advancements         advanc
-    advances             advanc
-    advancing            advanc
-    advantage            advantag
-    advantageable        advantag
-    advantaged           advantag
-    advantageous         advantag
-    advantages           advantag
-    advantaging          advantag
-    advent               advent
-    adventur             adventur
-    adventure            adventur
-    adventures           adventur
-    adventuring          adventur
-    adventurous          adventur
-    adventurously        adventur
-    adversaries          adversari
-    adversary            adversari
-    adverse              advers
-    adversely            advers
-    adversities          advers
-    adversity            advers
-    advertis             adverti
-    advertise            advertis
-    advertised           advertis
-    advertisement        advertis
-    advertising          advertis
-    advice               advic
-    advis                advi
-    advise               advis
-    advised              advis
-    advisedly            advisedli
-    advises              advis
-    advisings            advis
-    advocate             advoc
-    advocation           advoc
-    aeacida              aeacida
-    aeacides             aeacid
-    aedile               aedil
-    aediles              aedil
-    aegeon               aegeon
-    aegion               aegion
-    aegles               aegl
-    aemelia              aemelia
-    aemilia              aemilia
-    aemilius             aemiliu
-    aeneas               aenea
-    aeolus               aeolu
-    aer                  aer
-    aerial               aerial
-    aery                 aeri
-    aesculapius          aesculapiu
-    aeson                aeson
-    aesop                aesop
-    aetna                aetna
-    afar                 afar
-    afear                afear
-    afeard               afeard
-    affability           affabl
-    affable              affabl
-    affair               affair
-    affaire              affair
-    affairs              affair
-    affect               affect
-    affectation          affect
-    affectations         affect
-    affected             affect
-    affectedly           affectedli
-    affecteth            affecteth
-    affecting            affect
-    affection            affect
-    affectionate         affection
-    affectionately       affection
-    affections           affect
-    affects              affect
-    affeer               affeer
-    affianc              affianc
-    affiance             affianc
-    affianced            affianc
-    affied               affi
-    affin                affin
-    affined              affin
-    affinity             affin
-    affirm               affirm
-    affirmation          affirm
-    affirmatives         affirm
-    afflict              afflict
-    afflicted            afflict
-    affliction           afflict
-    afflictions          afflict
-    afflicts             afflict
-    afford               afford
-    affordeth            affordeth
-    affords              afford
-    affray               affrai
-    affright             affright
-    affrighted           affright
-    affrights            affright
-    affront              affront
-    affronted            affront
-    affy                 affi
-    afield               afield
-    afire                afir
-    afloat               afloat
-    afoot                afoot
-    afore                afor
-    aforehand            aforehand
-    aforesaid            aforesaid
-    afraid               afraid
-    afresh               afresh
-    afric                afric
-    africa               africa
-    african              african
-    afront               afront
-    after                after
-    afternoon            afternoon
-    afterward            afterward
-    afterwards           afterward
-    ag                   ag
-    again                again
-    against              against
-    agamemmon            agamemmon
-    agamemnon            agamemnon
-    agate                agat
-    agaz                 agaz
-    age                  ag
-    aged                 ag
-    agenor               agenor
-    agent                agent
-    agents               agent
-    ages                 ag
-    aggravate            aggrav
-    aggrief              aggrief
-    agile                agil
-    agincourt            agincourt
-    agitation            agit
-    aglet                aglet
-    agnize               agniz
-    ago                  ago
-    agone                agon
-    agony                agoni
-    agree                agre
-    agreed               agre
-    agreeing             agre
-    agreement            agreement
-    agrees               agre
-    agrippa              agrippa
-    aground              aground
-    ague                 agu
-    aguecheek            aguecheek
-    agued                agu
-    agueface             aguefac
-    agues                agu
-    ah                   ah
-    aha                  aha
-    ahungry              ahungri
-    ai                   ai
-    aialvolio            aialvolio
-    aiaria               aiaria
-    aid                  aid
-    aidance              aidanc
-    aidant               aidant
-    aided                aid
-    aiding               aid
-    aidless              aidless
-    aids                 aid
-    ail                  ail
-    aim                  aim
-    aimed                aim
-    aimest               aimest
-    aiming               aim
-    aims                 aim
-    ainsi                ainsi
-    aio                  aio
-    air                  air
-    aired                air
-    airless              airless
-    airs                 air
-    airy                 airi
-    ajax                 ajax
-    akilling             akil
-    al                   al
-    alabaster            alabast
-    alack                alack
-    alacrity             alacr
-    alarbus              alarbu
-    alarm                alarm
-    alarms               alarm
-    alarum               alarum
-    alarums              alarum
-    alas                 ala
-    alb                  alb
-    alban                alban
-    albans               alban
-    albany               albani
-    albeit               albeit
-    albion               albion
-    alchemist            alchemist
-    alchemy              alchemi
-    alcibiades           alcibiad
-    alcides              alcid
-    alder                alder
-    alderman             alderman
-    aldermen             aldermen
-    ale                  al
-    alecto               alecto
-    alehouse             alehous
-    alehouses            alehous
-    alencon              alencon
-    alengon              alengon
-    aleppo               aleppo
-    ales                 al
-    alewife              alewif
-    alexander            alexand
-    alexanders           alexand
-    alexandria           alexandria
-    alexandrian          alexandrian
-    alexas               alexa
-    alias                alia
-    alice                alic
-    alien                alien
-    aliena               aliena
-    alight               alight
-    alighted             alight
-    alights              alight
-    aliis                alii
-    alike                alik
-    alisander            alisand
-    alive                aliv
-    all                  all
-    alla                 alla
-    allay                allai
-    allayed              allai
-    allaying             allai
-    allayment            allay
-    allayments           allay
-    allays               allai
-    allegation           alleg
-    allegations          alleg
-    allege               alleg
-    alleged              alleg
-    allegiance           allegi
-    allegiant            allegi
-    alley                allei
-    alleys               allei
-    allhallowmas         allhallowma
-    alliance             allianc
-    allicholy            allicholi
-    allied               alli
-    allies               alli
-    alligant             allig
-    alligator            allig
-    allons               allon
-    allot                allot
-    allots               allot
-    allotted             allot
-    allottery            allotteri
-    allow                allow
-    allowance            allow
-    allowed              allow
-    allowing             allow
-    allows               allow
-    allur                allur
-    allure               allur
-    allurement           allur
-    alluring             allur
-    allusion             allus
-    ally                 alli
-    allycholly           allycholli
-    almain               almain
-    almanac              almanac
-    almanack             almanack
-    almanacs             almanac
-    almighty             almighti
-    almond               almond
-    almost               almost
-    alms                 alm
-    almsman              almsman
-    aloes                alo
-    aloft                aloft
-    alone                alon
-    along                along
-    alonso               alonso
-    aloof                aloof
-    aloud                aloud
-    alphabet             alphabet
-    alphabetical         alphabet
-    alphonso             alphonso
-    alps                 alp
-    already              alreadi
-    also                 also
-    alt                  alt
-    altar                altar
-    altars               altar
-    alter                alter
-    alteration           alter
-    altered              alter
-    alters               alter
-    althaea              althaea
-    although             although
-    altitude             altitud
-    altogether           altogeth
-    alton                alton
-    alway                alwai
-    always               alwai
-    am                   am
-    amaimon              amaimon
-    amain                amain
-    amaking              amak
-    amamon               amamon
-    amaz                 amaz
-    amaze                amaz
-    amazed               amaz
-    amazedly             amazedli
-    amazedness           amazed
-    amazement            amaz
-    amazes               amaz
-    amazeth              amazeth
-    amazing              amaz
-    amazon               amazon
-    amazonian            amazonian
-    amazons              amazon
-    ambassador           ambassador
-    ambassadors          ambassador
-    amber                amber
-    ambiguides           ambiguid
-    ambiguities          ambigu
-    ambiguous            ambigu
-    ambition             ambit
-    ambitions            ambit
-    ambitious            ambiti
-    ambitiously          ambiti
-    amble                ambl
-    ambled               ambl
-    ambles               ambl
-    ambling              ambl
-    ambo                 ambo
-    ambuscadoes          ambuscado
-    ambush               ambush
-    amen                 amen
-    amend                amend
-    amended              amend
-    amendment            amend
-    amends               amend
-    amerce               amerc
-    america              america
-    ames                 am
-    amiable              amiabl
-    amid                 amid
-    amidst               amidst
-    amiens               amien
-    amis                 ami
-    amiss                amiss
-    amities              amiti
-    amity                amiti
-    amnipotent           amnipot
-    among                among
-    amongst              amongst
-    amorous              amor
-    amorously            amor
-    amort                amort
-    amount               amount
-    amounts              amount
-    amour                amour
-    amphimacus           amphimacu
-    ample                ampl
-    ampler               ampler
-    amplest              amplest
-    amplified            amplifi
-    amplify              amplifi
-    amply                ampli
-    ampthill             ampthil
-    amurath              amurath
-    amyntas              amynta
-    an                   an
-    anatomiz             anatomiz
-    anatomize            anatom
-    anatomy              anatomi
-    ancestor             ancestor
-    ancestors            ancestor
-    ancestry             ancestri
-    anchises             anchis
-    anchor               anchor
-    anchorage            anchorag
-    anchored             anchor
-    anchoring            anchor
-    anchors              anchor
-    anchovies            anchovi
-    ancient              ancient
-    ancientry            ancientri
-    ancients             ancient
-    ancus                ancu
-    and                  and
-    andirons             andiron
-    andpholus            andpholu
-    andren               andren
-    andrew               andrew
-    andromache           andromach
-    andronici            andronici
-    andronicus           andronicu
-    anew                 anew
-    ang                  ang
-    angel                angel
-    angelica             angelica
-    angelical            angel
-    angelo               angelo
-    angels               angel
-    anger                anger
-    angerly              angerli
-    angers               anger
-    anges                ang
-    angiers              angier
-    angl                 angl
-    anglais              anglai
-    angle                angl
-    angler               angler
-    angleterre           angleterr
-    angliae              anglia
-    angling              angl
-    anglish              anglish
-    angrily              angrili
-    angry                angri
-    anguish              anguish
-    angus                angu
-    animal               anim
-    animals              anim
-    animis               animi
-    anjou                anjou
-    ankle                ankl
-    anna                 anna
-    annals               annal
-    anne                 ann
-    annex                annex
-    annexed              annex
-    annexions            annexion
-    annexment            annex
-    annothanize          annothan
-    announces            announc
-    annoy                annoi
-    annoyance            annoy
-    annoying             annoi
-    annual               annual
-    anoint               anoint
-    anointed             anoint
-    anon                 anon
-    another              anoth
-    anselmo              anselmo
-    answer               answer
-    answerable           answer
-    answered             answer
-    answerest            answerest
-    answering            answer
-    answers              answer
-    ant                  ant
-    ante                 ant
-    antenor              antenor
-    antenorides          antenorid
-    anteroom             anteroom
-    anthem               anthem
-    anthems              anthem
-    anthony              anthoni
-    anthropophagi        anthropophagi
-    anthropophaginian    anthropophaginian
-    antiates             antiat
-    antic                antic
-    anticipate           anticip
-    anticipates          anticip
-    anticipatest         anticipatest
-    anticipating         anticip
-    anticipation         anticip
-    antick               antick
-    anticly              anticli
-    antics               antic
-    antidote             antidot
-    antidotes            antidot
-    antigonus            antigonu
-    antiopa              antiopa
-    antipathy            antipathi
-    antipholus           antipholu
-    antipholuses         antipholus
-    antipodes            antipod
-    antiquary            antiquari
-    antique              antiqu
-    antiquity            antiqu
-    antium               antium
-    antoniad             antoniad
-    antonio              antonio
-    antonius             antoniu
-    antony               antoni
-    antres               antr
-    anvil                anvil
-    any                  ani
-    anybody              anybodi
-    anyone               anyon
-    anything             anyth
-    anywhere             anywher
-    ap                   ap
-    apace                apac
-    apart                apart
-    apartment            apart
-    apartments           apart
-    ape                  ap
-    apemantus            apemantu
-    apennines            apennin
-    apes                 ap
-    apiece               apiec
-    apish                apish
-    apollinem            apollinem
-    apollo               apollo
-    apollodorus          apollodoru
-    apology              apolog
-    apoplex              apoplex
-    apoplexy             apoplexi
-    apostle              apostl
-    apostles             apostl
-    apostrophas          apostropha
-    apoth                apoth
-    apothecary           apothecari
-    appal                appal
-    appall               appal
-    appalled             appal
-    appals               appal
-    apparel              apparel
-    apparell             apparel
-    apparelled           apparel
-    apparent             appar
-    apparently           appar
-    apparition           apparit
-    apparitions          apparit
-    appeach              appeach
-    appeal               appeal
-    appeals              appeal
-    appear               appear
-    appearance           appear
-    appeared             appear
-    appeareth            appeareth
-    appearing            appear
-    appears              appear
-    appeas               appea
-    appease              appeas
-    appeased             appeas
-    appelant             appel
-    appele               appel
-    appelee              appele
-    appeles              appel
-    appelez              appelez
-    appellant            appel
-    appellants           appel
-    appelons             appelon
-    appendix             appendix
-    apperil              apperil
-    appertain            appertain
-    appertaining         appertain
-    appertainings        appertain
-    appertains           appertain
-    appertinent          appertin
-    appertinents         appertin
-    appetite             appetit
-    appetites            appetit
-    applaud              applaud
-    applauded            applaud
-    applauding           applaud
-    applause             applaus
-    applauses            applaus
-    apple                appl
-    apples               appl
-    appletart            appletart
-    appliance            applianc
-    appliances           applianc
-    applications         applic
-    applied              appli
-    applies              appli
-    apply                appli
-    applying             appli
-    appoint              appoint
-    appointed            appoint
-    appointment          appoint
-    appointments         appoint
-    appoints             appoint
-    apprehend            apprehend
-    apprehended          apprehend
-    apprehends           apprehend
-    apprehension         apprehens
-    apprehensions        apprehens
-    apprehensive         apprehens
-    apprendre            apprendr
-    apprenne             apprenn
-    apprenticehood       apprenticehood
-    appris               appri
-    approach             approach
-    approachers          approach
-    approaches           approach
-    approacheth          approacheth
-    approaching          approach
-    approbation          approb
-    approof              approof
-    appropriation        appropri
-    approv               approv
-    approve              approv
-    approved             approv
-    approvers            approv
-    approves             approv
-    appurtenance         appurten
-    appurtenances        appurten
-    apricocks            apricock
-    april                april
-    apron                apron
-    aprons               apron
-    apt                  apt
-    apter                apter
-    aptest               aptest
-    aptly                aptli
-    aptness              apt
-    aqua                 aqua
-    aquilon              aquilon
-    aquitaine            aquitain
-    arabia               arabia
-    arabian              arabian
-    araise               arais
-    arbitrate            arbitr
-    arbitrating          arbitr
-    arbitrator           arbitr
-    arbitrement          arbitr
-    arbors               arbor
-    arbour               arbour
-    arc                  arc
-    arch                 arch
-    archbishop           archbishop
-    archbishopric        archbishopr
-    archdeacon           archdeacon
-    arched               arch
-    archelaus            archelau
-    archer               archer
-    archers              archer
-    archery              archeri
-    archibald            archibald
-    archidamus           archidamu
-    architect            architect
-    arcu                 arcu
-    arde                 ard
-    arden                arden
-    ardent               ardent
-    ardour               ardour
-    are                  ar
-    argal                argal
-    argier               argier
-    argo                 argo
-    argosies             argosi
-    argosy               argosi
-    argu                 argu
-    argue                argu
-    argued               argu
-    argues               argu
-    arguing              argu
-    argument             argument
-    arguments            argument
-    argus                argu
-    ariachne             ariachn
-    ariadne              ariadn
-    ariel                ariel
-    aries                ari
-    aright               aright
-    arinado              arinado
-    arinies              arini
-    arion                arion
-    arise                aris
-    arises               aris
-    ariseth              ariseth
-    arising              aris
-    aristode             aristod
-    aristotle            aristotl
-    arithmetic           arithmet
-    arithmetician        arithmetician
-    ark                  ark
-    arm                  arm
-    arma                 arma
-    armado               armado
-    armadoes             armado
-    armagnac             armagnac
-    arme                 arm
-    armed                arm
-    armenia              armenia
-    armies               armi
-    armigero             armigero
-    arming               arm
-    armipotent           armipot
-    armor                armor
-    armour               armour
-    armourer             armour
-    armourers            armour
-    armours              armour
-    armoury              armouri
-    arms                 arm
-    army                 armi
-    arn                  arn
-    aroint               aroint
-    arose                aros
-    arouse               arous
-    aroused              arous
-    arragon              arragon
-    arraign              arraign
-    arraigned            arraign
-    arraigning           arraign
-    arraignment          arraign
-    arrant               arrant
-    arras                arra
-    array                arrai
-    arrearages           arrearag
-    arrest               arrest
-    arrested             arrest
-    arrests              arrest
-    arriv                arriv
-    arrival              arriv
-    arrivance            arriv
-    arrive               arriv
-    arrived              arriv
-    arrives              arriv
-    arriving             arriv
-    arrogance            arrog
-    arrogancy            arrog
-    arrogant             arrog
-    arrow                arrow
-    arrows               arrow
-    art                  art
-    artemidorus          artemidoru
-    arteries             arteri
-    arthur               arthur
-    article              articl
-    articles             articl
-    articulate           articul
-    artificer            artific
-    artificial           artifici
-    artillery            artilleri
-    artire               artir
-    artist               artist
-    artists              artist
-    artless              artless
-    artois               artoi
-    arts                 art
-    artus                artu
-    arviragus            arviragu
-    as                   as
-    asaph                asaph
-    ascanius             ascaniu
-    ascend               ascend
-    ascended             ascend
-    ascendeth            ascendeth
-    ascends              ascend
-    ascension            ascens
-    ascent               ascent
-    ascribe              ascrib
-    ascribes             ascrib
-    ash                  ash
-    asham                asham
-    ashamed              asham
-    asher                asher
-    ashes                ash
-    ashford              ashford
-    ashore               ashor
-    ashouting            ashout
-    ashy                 ashi
-    asia                 asia
-    aside                asid
-    ask                  ask
-    askance              askanc
-    asked                ask
-    asker                asker
-    asketh               asketh
-    asking               ask
-    asks                 ask
-    aslant               aslant
-    asleep               asleep
-    asmath               asmath
-    asp                  asp
-    aspect               aspect
-    aspects              aspect
-    aspen                aspen
-    aspersion            aspers
-    aspic                aspic
-    aspicious            aspici
-    aspics               aspic
-    aspir                aspir
-    aspiration           aspir
-    aspire               aspir
-    aspiring             aspir
-    asquint              asquint
-    ass                  ass
-    assail               assail
-    assailable           assail
-    assailant            assail
-    assailants           assail
-    assailed             assail
-    assaileth            assaileth
-    assailing            assail
-    assails              assail
-    assassination        assassin
-    assault              assault
-    assaulted            assault
-    assaults             assault
-    assay                assai
-    assaying             assai
-    assays               assai
-    assemblance          assembl
-    assemble             assembl
-    assembled            assembl
-    assemblies           assembl
-    assembly             assembl
-    assent               assent
-    asses                ass
-    assez                assez
-    assign               assign
-    assigned             assign
-    assigns              assign
-    assinico             assinico
-    assist               assist
-    assistance           assist
-    assistances          assist
-    assistant            assist
-    assistants           assist
-    assisted             assist
-    assisting            assist
-    associate            associ
-    associated           associ
-    associates           associ
-    assuage              assuag
-    assubjugate          assubjug
-    assum                assum
-    assume               assum
-    assumes              assum
-    assumption           assumpt
-    assur                assur
-    assurance            assur
-    assure               assur
-    assured              assur
-    assuredly            assuredli
-    assures              assur
-    assyrian             assyrian
-    astonish             astonish
-    astonished           astonish
-    astraea              astraea
-    astray               astrai
-    astrea               astrea
-    astronomer           astronom
-    astronomers          astronom
-    astronomical         astronom
-    astronomy            astronomi
-    asunder              asund
-    at                   at
-    atalanta             atalanta
-    ate                  at
-    ates                 at
-    athenian             athenian
-    athenians            athenian
-    athens               athen
-    athol                athol
-    athversary           athversari
-    athwart              athwart
-    atlas                atla
-    atomies              atomi
-    atomy                atomi
-    atone                aton
-    atonement            aton
-    atonements           aton
-    atropos              atropo
-    attach               attach
-    attached             attach
-    attachment           attach
-    attain               attain
-    attainder            attaind
-    attains              attain
-    attaint              attaint
-    attainted            attaint
-    attainture           attaintur
-    attempt              attempt
-    attemptable          attempt
-    attempted            attempt
-    attempting           attempt
-    attempts             attempt
-    attend               attend
-    attendance           attend
-    attendant            attend
-    attendants           attend
-    attended             attend
-    attendents           attend
-    attendeth            attendeth
-    attending            attend
-    attends              attend
-    attent               attent
-    attention            attent
-    attentive            attent
-    attentivenes         attentiven
-    attest               attest
-    attested             attest
-    attir                attir
-    attire               attir
-    attired              attir
-    attires              attir
-    attorney             attornei
-    attorneyed           attornei
-    attorneys            attornei
-    attorneyship         attorneyship
-    attract              attract
-    attraction           attract
-    attractive           attract
-    attracts             attract
-    attribute            attribut
-    attributed           attribut
-    attributes           attribut
-    attribution          attribut
-    attributive          attribut
-    atwain               atwain
-    au                   au
-    aubrey               aubrei
-    auburn               auburn
-    aucun                aucun
-    audacious            audaci
-    audaciously          audaci
-    audacity             audac
-    audible              audibl
-    audience             audienc
-    audis                audi
-    audit                audit
-    auditor              auditor
-    auditors             auditor
-    auditory             auditori
-    audre                audr
-    audrey               audrei
-    aufidius             aufidiu
-    aufidiuses           aufidius
-    auger                auger
-    aught                aught
-    augment              augment
-    augmentation         augment
-    augmented            augment
-    augmenting           augment
-    augurer              augur
-    augurers             augur
-    augures              augur
-    auguring             augur
-    augurs               augur
-    augury               auguri
-    august               august
-    augustus             augustu
-    auld                 auld
-    aumerle              aumerl
-    aunchient            aunchient
-    aunt                 aunt
-    aunts                aunt
-    auricular            auricular
-    aurora               aurora
-    auspicious           auspici
-    aussi                aussi
-    austere              auster
-    austerely            auster
-    austereness          auster
-    austerity            auster
-    austria              austria
-    aut                  aut
-    authentic            authent
-    author               author
-    authorities          author
-    authority            author
-    authorized           author
-    authorizing          author
-    authors              author
-    autolycus            autolycu
-    autre                autr
-    autumn               autumn
-    auvergne             auvergn
-    avail                avail
-    avails               avail
-    avarice              avaric
-    avaricious           avarici
-    avaunt               avaunt
-    ave                  av
-    aveng                aveng
-    avenge               aveng
-    avenged              aveng
-    averring             aver
-    avert                avert
-    aves                 av
-    avez                 avez
-    avis                 avi
-    avoid                avoid
-    avoided              avoid
-    avoiding             avoid
-    avoids               avoid
-    avoirdupois          avoirdupoi
-    avouch               avouch
-    avouched             avouch
-    avouches             avouch
-    avouchment           avouch
-    avow                 avow
-    aw                   aw
-    await                await
-    awaits               await
-    awak                 awak
-    awake                awak
-    awaked               awak
-    awaken               awaken
-    awakened             awaken
-    awakens              awaken
-    awakes               awak
-    awaking              awak
-    award                award
-    awards               award
-    awasy                awasi
-    away                 awai
-    awe                  aw
-    aweary               aweari
-    aweless              aweless
-    awful                aw
-    awhile               awhil
-    awkward              awkward
-    awl                  awl
-    awooing              awoo
-    awork                awork
-    awry                 awri
-    axe                  ax
-    axle                 axl
-    axletree             axletre
-    ay                   ay
-    aye                  ay
-    ayez                 ayez
-    ayli                 ayli
-    azur                 azur
-    azure                azur
-    b                    b
-    ba                   ba
-    baa                  baa
-    babbl                babbl
-    babble               babbl
-    babbling             babbl
-    babe                 babe
-    babes                babe
-    babies               babi
-    baboon               baboon
-    baboons              baboon
-    baby                 babi
-    babylon              babylon
-    bacare               bacar
-    bacchanals           bacchan
-    bacchus              bacchu
-    bach                 bach
-    bachelor             bachelor
-    bachelors            bachelor
-    back                 back
-    backbite             backbit
-    backbitten           backbitten
-    backing              back
-    backs                back
-    backward             backward
-    backwardly           backwardli
-    backwards            backward
-    bacon                bacon
-    bacons               bacon
-    bad                  bad
-    bade                 bade
-    badge                badg
-    badged               badg
-    badges               badg
-    badly                badli
-    badness              bad
-    baes                 bae
-    baffl                baffl
-    baffle               baffl
-    baffled              baffl
-    bag                  bag
-    baggage              baggag
-    bagot                bagot
-    bagpipe              bagpip
-    bags                 bag
-    bail                 bail
-    bailiff              bailiff
-    baillez              baillez
-    baily                baili
-    baisant              baisant
-    baisees              baise
-    baiser               baiser
-    bait                 bait
-    baited               bait
-    baiting              bait
-    baitings             bait
-    baits                bait
-    bajazet              bajazet
-    bak                  bak
-    bake                 bake
-    baked                bake
-    baker                baker
-    bakers               baker
-    bakes                bake
-    baking               bake
-    bal                  bal
-    balanc               balanc
-    balance              balanc
-    balcony              balconi
-    bald                 bald
-    baldrick             baldrick
-    bale                 bale
-    baleful              bale
-    balk                 balk
-    ball                 ball
-    ballad               ballad
-    ballads              ballad
-    ballast              ballast
-    ballasting           ballast
-    ballet               ballet
-    ballow               ballow
-    balls                ball
-    balm                 balm
-    balms                balm
-    balmy                balmi
-    balsam               balsam
-    balsamum             balsamum
-    balth                balth
-    balthasar            balthasar
-    balthazar            balthazar
-    bames                bame
-    ban                  ban
-    banbury              banburi
-    band                 band
-    bandied              bandi
-    banding              band
-    bandit               bandit
-    banditti             banditti
-    banditto             banditto
-    bands                band
-    bandy                bandi
-    bandying             bandi
-    bane                 bane
-    banes                bane
-    bang                 bang
-    bangor               bangor
-    banish               banish
-    banished             banish
-    banishers            banish
-    banishment           banish
-    banister             banist
-    bank                 bank
-    bankrout             bankrout
-    bankrupt             bankrupt
-    bankrupts            bankrupt
-    banks                bank
-    banner               banner
-    bannerets            banneret
-    banners              banner
-    banning              ban
-    banns                bann
-    banquet              banquet
-    banqueted            banquet
-    banqueting           banquet
-    banquets             banquet
-    banquo               banquo
-    bans                 ban
-    baptism              baptism
-    baptista             baptista
-    baptiz               baptiz
-    bar                  bar
-    barbarian            barbarian
-    barbarians           barbarian
-    barbarism            barbar
-    barbarous            barbar
-    barbary              barbari
-    barbason             barbason
-    barbed               barb
-    barber               barber
-    barbermonger         barbermong
-    bard                 bard
-    bardolph             bardolph
-    bards                bard
-    bare                 bare
-    bared                bare
-    barefac              barefac
-    barefaced            barefac
-    barefoot             barefoot
-    bareheaded           barehead
-    barely               bare
-    bareness             bare
-    barful               bar
-    bargain              bargain
-    bargains             bargain
-    barge                barg
-    bargulus             bargulu
-    baring               bare
-    bark                 bark
-    barking              bark
-    barkloughly          barkloughli
-    barks                bark
-    barky                barki
-    barley               barlei
-    barm                 barm
-    barn                 barn
-    barnacles            barnacl
-    barnardine           barnardin
-    barne                barn
-    barnes               barn
-    barnet               barnet
-    barns                barn
-    baron                baron
-    barons               baron
-    barony               baroni
-    barr                 barr
-    barrabas             barraba
-    barrel               barrel
-    barrels              barrel
-    barren               barren
-    barrenly             barrenli
-    barrenness           barren
-    barricado            barricado
-    barricadoes          barricado
-    barrow               barrow
-    bars                 bar
-    barson               barson
-    barter               barter
-    bartholomew          bartholomew
-    bas                  ba
-    basan                basan
-    base                 base
-    baseless             baseless
-    basely               base
-    baseness             base
-    baser                baser
-    bases                base
-    basest               basest
-    bashful              bash
-    bashfulness          bash
-    basilisco            basilisco
-    basilisk             basilisk
-    basilisks            basilisk
-    basimecu             basimecu
-    basin                basin
-    basingstoke          basingstok
-    basins               basin
-    basis                basi
-    bask                 bask
-    basket               basket
-    baskets              basket
-    bass                 bass
-    bassanio             bassanio
-    basset               basset
-    bassianus            bassianu
-    basta                basta
-    bastard              bastard
-    bastardizing         bastard
-    bastardly            bastardli
-    bastards             bastard
-    bastardy             bastardi
-    basted               bast
-    bastes               bast
-    bastinado            bastinado
-    basting              bast
-    bat                  bat
-    batailles            batail
-    batch                batch
-    bate                 bate
-    bated                bate
-    bates                bate
-    bath                 bath
-    bathe                bath
-    bathed               bath
-    bathing              bath
-    baths                bath
-    bating               bate
-    batler               batler
-    bats                 bat
-    batt                 batt
-    battalia             battalia
-    battalions           battalion
-    batten               batten
-    batter               batter
-    battering            batter
-    batters              batter
-    battery              batteri
-    battle               battl
-    battled              battl
-    battlefield          battlefield
-    battlements          battlement
-    battles              battl
-    batty                batti
-    bauble               baubl
-    baubles              baubl
-    baubling             baubl
-    baulk                baulk
-    bavin                bavin
-    bawcock              bawcock
-    bawd                 bawd
-    bawdry               bawdri
-    bawds                bawd
-    bawdy                bawdi
-    bawl                 bawl
-    bawling              bawl
-    bay                  bai
-    baying               bai
-    baynard              baynard
-    bayonne              bayonn
-    bays                 bai
-    be                   be
-    beach                beach
-    beached              beach
-    beachy               beachi
-    beacon               beacon
-    bead                 bead
-    beaded               bead
-    beadle               beadl
-    beadles              beadl
-    beads                bead
-    beadsmen             beadsmen
-    beagle               beagl
-    beagles              beagl
-    beak                 beak
-    beaks                beak
-    beam                 beam
-    beamed               beam
-    beams                beam
-    bean                 bean
-    beans                bean
-    bear                 bear
-    beard                beard
-    bearded              beard
-    beardless            beardless
-    beards               beard
-    bearer               bearer
-    bearers              bearer
-    bearest              bearest
-    beareth              beareth
-    bearing              bear
-    bears                bear
-    beast                beast
-    beastliest           beastliest
-    beastliness          beastli
-    beastly              beastli
-    beasts               beast
-    beat                 beat
-    beated               beat
-    beaten               beaten
-    beating              beat
-    beatrice             beatric
-    beats                beat
-    beau                 beau
-    beaufort             beaufort
-    beaumond             beaumond
-    beaumont             beaumont
-    beauteous            beauteou
-    beautied             beauti
-    beauties             beauti
-    beautified           beautifi
-    beautiful            beauti
-    beautify             beautifi
-    beauty               beauti
-    beaver               beaver
-    beavers              beaver
-    became               becam
-    because              becaus
-    bechanc              bechanc
-    bechance             bechanc
-    bechanced            bechanc
-    beck                 beck
-    beckon               beckon
-    beckons              beckon
-    becks                beck
-    becom                becom
-    become               becom
-    becomed              becom
-    becomes              becom
-    becoming             becom
-    becomings            becom
-    bed                  bed
-    bedabbled            bedabbl
-    bedash               bedash
-    bedaub               bedaub
-    bedazzled            bedazzl
-    bedchamber           bedchamb
-    bedclothes           bedcloth
-    bedded               bed
-    bedeck               bedeck
-    bedecking            bedeck
-    bedew                bedew
-    bedfellow            bedfellow
-    bedfellows           bedfellow
-    bedford              bedford
-    bedlam               bedlam
-    bedrench             bedrench
-    bedrid               bedrid
-    beds                 bed
-    bedtime              bedtim
-    bedward              bedward
-    bee                  bee
-    beef                 beef
-    beefs                beef
-    beehives             beehiv
-    been                 been
-    beer                 beer
-    bees                 bee
-    beest                beest
-    beetle               beetl
-    beetles              beetl
-    beeves               beev
-    befall               befal
-    befallen             befallen
-    befalls              befal
-    befell               befel
-    befits               befit
-    befitted             befit
-    befitting            befit
-    befor                befor
-    before               befor
-    beforehand           beforehand
-    befortune            befortun
-    befriend             befriend
-    befriended           befriend
-    befriends            befriend
-    beg                  beg
-    began                began
-    beget                beget
-    begets               beget
-    begetting            beget
-    begg                 begg
-    beggar               beggar
-    beggared             beggar
-    beggarly             beggarli
-    beggarman            beggarman
-    beggars              beggar
-    beggary              beggari
-    begging              beg
-    begin                begin
-    beginners            beginn
-    beginning            begin
-    beginnings           begin
-    begins               begin
-    begnawn              begnawn
-    begone               begon
-    begot                begot
-    begotten             begotten
-    begrimed             begrim
-    begs                 beg
-    beguil               beguil
-    beguile              beguil
-    beguiled             beguil
-    beguiles             beguil
-    beguiling            beguil
-    begun                begun
-    behalf               behalf
-    behalfs              behalf
-    behav                behav
-    behaved              behav
-    behavedst            behavedst
-    behavior             behavior
-    behaviors            behavior
-    behaviour            behaviour
-    behaviours           behaviour
-    behead               behead
-    beheaded             behead
-    beheld               beheld
-    behest               behest
-    behests              behest
-    behind               behind
-    behold               behold
-    beholder             behold
-    beholders            behold
-    beholdest            beholdest
-    beholding            behold
-    beholds              behold
-    behoof               behoof
-    behooffull           behoofful
-    behooves             behoov
-    behove               behov
-    behoves              behov
-    behowls              behowl
-    being                be
-    bel                  bel
-    belarius             belariu
-    belch                belch
-    belching             belch
-    beldam               beldam
-    beldame              beldam
-    beldams              beldam
-    belee                bele
-    belgia               belgia
-    belie                beli
-    belied               beli
-    belief               belief
-    beliest              beliest
-    believ               believ
-    believe              believ
-    believed             believ
-    believes             believ
-    believest            believest
-    believing            believ
-    belike               belik
-    bell                 bell
-    bellario             bellario
-    belle                bell
-    bellied              belli
-    bellies              belli
-    bellman              bellman
-    bellona              bellona
-    bellow               bellow
-    bellowed             bellow
-    bellowing            bellow
-    bellows              bellow
-    bells                bell
-    belly                belli
-    bellyful             belly
-    belman               belman
-    belmont              belmont
-    belock               belock
-    belong               belong
-    belonging            belong
-    belongings           belong
-    belongs              belong
-    belov                belov
-    beloved              belov
-    beloving             belov
-    below                below
-    belt                 belt
-    belzebub             belzebub
-    bemadding            bemad
-    bemet                bemet
-    bemete               bemet
-    bemoan               bemoan
-    bemoaned             bemoan
-    bemock               bemock
-    bemoil               bemoil
-    bemonster            bemonst
-    ben                  ben
-    bench                bench
-    bencher              bencher
-    benches              bench
-    bend                 bend
-    bended               bend
-    bending              bend
-    bends                bend
-    bene                 bene
-    beneath              beneath
-    benedicite           benedicit
-    benedick             benedick
-    benediction          benedict
-    benedictus           benedictu
-    benefactors          benefactor
-    benefice             benefic
-    beneficial           benefici
-    benefit              benefit
-    benefited            benefit
-    benefits             benefit
-    benetted             benet
-    benevolence          benevol
-    benevolences         benevol
-    benied               beni
-    benison              benison
-    bennet               bennet
-    bent                 bent
-    bentii               bentii
-    bentivolii           bentivolii
-    bents                bent
-    benumbed             benumb
-    benvolio             benvolio
-    bepaint              bepaint
-    bepray               beprai
-    bequeath             bequeath
-    bequeathed           bequeath
-    bequeathing          bequeath
-    bequest              bequest
-    ber                  ber
-    berard               berard
-    berattle             berattl
-    beray                berai
-    bere                 bere
-    bereave              bereav
-    bereaved             bereav
-    bereaves             bereav
-    bereft               bereft
-    bergamo              bergamo
-    bergomask            bergomask
-    berhym               berhym
-    berhyme              berhym
-    berkeley             berkelei
-    bermoothes           bermooth
-    bernardo             bernardo
-    berod                berod
-    berowne              berown
-    berri                berri
-    berries              berri
-    berrord              berrord
-    berry                berri
-    bertram              bertram
-    berwick              berwick
-    bescreen             bescreen
-    beseech              beseech
-    beseeched            beseech
-    beseechers           beseech
-    beseeching           beseech
-    beseek               beseek
-    beseem               beseem
-    beseemeth            beseemeth
-    beseeming            beseem
-    beseems              beseem
-    beset                beset
-    beshrew              beshrew
-    beside               besid
-    besides              besid
-    besieg               besieg
-    besiege              besieg
-    besieged             besieg
-    beslubber            beslubb
-    besmear              besmear
-    besmeared            besmear
-    besmirch             besmirch
-    besom                besom
-    besort               besort
-    besotted             besot
-    bespake              bespak
-    bespeak              bespeak
-    bespice              bespic
-    bespoke              bespok
-    bespotted            bespot
-    bess                 bess
-    bessy                bessi
-    best                 best
-    bestained            bestain
-    bested               best
-    bestial              bestial
-    bestir               bestir
-    bestirr              bestirr
-    bestow               bestow
-    bestowed             bestow
-    bestowing            bestow
-    bestows              bestow
-    bestraught           bestraught
-    bestrew              bestrew
-    bestrid              bestrid
-    bestride             bestrid
-    bestrides            bestrid
-    bet                  bet
-    betake               betak
-    beteem               beteem
-    bethink              bethink
-    bethought            bethought
-    bethrothed           bethroth
-    bethump              bethump
-    betid                betid
-    betide               betid
-    betideth             betideth
-    betime               betim
-    betimes              betim
-    betoken              betoken
-    betook               betook
-    betossed             betoss
-    betray               betrai
-    betrayed             betrai
-    betraying            betrai
-    betrays              betrai
-    betrims              betrim
-    betroth              betroth
-    betrothed            betroth
-    betroths             betroth
-    bett                 bett
-    betted               bet
-    better               better
-    bettered             better
-    bettering            better
-    betters              better
-    betting              bet
-    bettre               bettr
-    between              between
-    betwixt              betwixt
-    bevel                bevel
-    beverage             beverag
-    bevis                bevi
-    bevy                 bevi
-    bewail               bewail
-    bewailed             bewail
-    bewailing            bewail
-    bewails              bewail
-    beware               bewar
-    bewasted             bewast
-    beweep               beweep
-    bewept               bewept
-    bewet                bewet
-    bewhored             bewhor
-    bewitch              bewitch
-    bewitched            bewitch
-    bewitchment          bewitch
-    bewray               bewrai
-    beyond               beyond
-    bezonian             bezonian
-    bezonians            bezonian
-    bianca               bianca
-    bianco               bianco
-    bias                 bia
-    bibble               bibbl
-    bickerings           bicker
-    bid                  bid
-    bidden               bidden
-    bidding              bid
-    biddings             bid
-    biddy                biddi
-    bide                 bide
-    bides                bide
-    biding               bide
-    bids                 bid
-    bien                 bien
-    bier                 bier
-    bifold               bifold
-    big                  big
-    bigamy               bigami
-    biggen               biggen
-    bigger               bigger
-    bigness              big
-    bigot                bigot
-    bilberry             bilberri
-    bilbo                bilbo
-    bilboes              bilbo
-    bilbow               bilbow
-    bill                 bill
-    billeted             billet
-    billets              billet
-    billiards            billiard
-    billing              bill
-    billow               billow
-    billows              billow
-    bills                bill
-    bin                  bin
-    bind                 bind
-    bindeth              bindeth
-    binding              bind
-    binds                bind
-    biondello            biondello
-    birch                birch
-    bird                 bird
-    birding              bird
-    birdlime             birdlim
-    birds                bird
-    birnam               birnam
-    birth                birth
-    birthday             birthdai
-    birthdom             birthdom
-    birthplace           birthplac
-    birthright           birthright
-    birthrights          birthright
-    births               birth
-    bis                  bi
-    biscuit              biscuit
-    bishop               bishop
-    bishops              bishop
-    bisson               bisson
-    bit                  bit
-    bitch                bitch
-    bite                 bite
-    biter                biter
-    bites                bite
-    biting               bite
-    bits                 bit
-    bitt                 bitt
-    bitten               bitten
-    bitter               bitter
-    bitterest            bitterest
-    bitterly             bitterli
-    bitterness           bitter
-    blab                 blab
-    blabb                blabb
-    blabbing             blab
-    blabs                blab
-    black                black
-    blackamoor           blackamoor
-    blackamoors          blackamoor
-    blackberries         blackberri
-    blackberry           blackberri
-    blacker              blacker
-    blackest             blackest
-    blackfriars          blackfriar
-    blackheath           blackheath
-    blackmere            blackmer
-    blackness            black
-    blacks               black
-    bladder              bladder
-    bladders             bladder
-    blade                blade
-    bladed               blade
-    blades               blade
-    blains               blain
-    blam                 blam
-    blame                blame
-    blamed               blame
-    blameful             blame
-    blameless            blameless
-    blames               blame
-    blanc                blanc
-    blanca               blanca
-    blanch               blanch
-    blank                blank
-    blanket              blanket
-    blanks               blank
-    blaspheme            blasphem
-    blaspheming          blasphem
-    blasphemous          blasphem
-    blasphemy            blasphemi
-    blast                blast
-    blasted              blast
-    blasting             blast
-    blastments           blastment
-    blasts               blast
-    blaz                 blaz
-    blaze                blaze
-    blazes               blaze
-    blazing              blaze
-    blazon               blazon
-    blazoned             blazon
-    blazoning            blazon
-    bleach               bleach
-    bleaching            bleach
-    bleak                bleak
-    blear                blear
-    bleared              blear
-    bleat                bleat
-    bleated              bleat
-    bleats               bleat
-    bled                 bled
-    bleed                bleed
-    bleedest             bleedest
-    bleedeth             bleedeth
-    bleeding             bleed
-    bleeds               bleed
-    blemish              blemish
-    blemishes            blemish
-    blench               blench
-    blenches             blench
-    blend                blend
-    blended              blend
-    blent                blent
-    bless                bless
-    blessed              bless
-    blessedly            blessedli
-    blessedness          blessed
-    blesses              bless
-    blesseth             blesseth
-    blessing             bless
-    blessings            bless
-    blest                blest
-    blew                 blew
-    blind                blind
-    blinded              blind
-    blindfold            blindfold
-    blinding             blind
-    blindly              blindli
-    blindness            blind
-    blinds               blind
-    blink                blink
-    blinking             blink
-    bliss                bliss
-    blist                blist
-    blister              blister
-    blisters             blister
-    blithe               blith
-    blithild             blithild
-    bloat                bloat
-    block                block
-    blockish             blockish
-    blocks               block
-    blois                bloi
-    blood                blood
-    blooded              blood
-    bloodhound           bloodhound
-    bloodied             bloodi
-    bloodier             bloodier
-    bloodiest            bloodiest
-    bloodily             bloodili
-    bloodless            bloodless
-    bloods               blood
-    bloodshed            bloodsh
-    bloodshedding        bloodshed
-    bloodstained         bloodstain
-    bloody               bloodi
-    bloom                bloom
-    blooms               bloom
-    blossom              blossom
-    blossoming           blossom
-    blossoms             blossom
-    blot                 blot
-    blots                blot
-    blotted              blot
-    blotting             blot
-    blount               blount
-    blow                 blow
-    blowed               blow
-    blowers              blower
-    blowest              blowest
-    blowing              blow
-    blown                blown
-    blows                blow
-    blowse               blows
-    blubb                blubb
-    blubber              blubber
-    blubbering           blubber
-    blue                 blue
-    bluecaps             bluecap
-    bluest               bluest
-    blunt                blunt
-    blunted              blunt
-    blunter              blunter
-    bluntest             bluntest
-    blunting             blunt
-    bluntly              bluntli
-    bluntness            blunt
-    blunts               blunt
-    blur                 blur
-    blurr                blurr
-    blurs                blur
-    blush                blush
-    blushes              blush
-    blushest             blushest
-    blushing             blush
-    blust                blust
-    bluster              bluster
-    blusterer            bluster
-    blusters             bluster
-    bo                   bo
-    boar                 boar
-    board                board
-    boarded              board
-    boarding             board
-    boards               board
-    boarish              boarish
-    boars                boar
-    boast                boast
-    boasted              boast
-    boastful             boast
-    boasting             boast
-    boasts               boast
-    boat                 boat
-    boats                boat
-    boatswain            boatswain
-    bob                  bob
-    bobb                 bobb
-    boblibindo           boblibindo
-    bobtail              bobtail
-    bocchus              bocchu
-    bode                 bode
-    boded                bode
-    bodements            bodement
-    bodes                bode
-    bodg                 bodg
-    bodied               bodi
-    bodies               bodi
-    bodiless             bodiless
-    bodily               bodili
-    boding               bode
-    bodkin               bodkin
-    body                 bodi
-    bodykins             bodykin
-    bog                  bog
-    boggle               boggl
-    boggler              boggler
-    bogs                 bog
-    bohemia              bohemia
-    bohemian             bohemian
-    bohun                bohun
-    boil                 boil
-    boiling              boil
-    boils                boil
-    boist                boist
-    boisterous           boister
-    boisterously         boister
-    boitier              boitier
-    bold                 bold
-    bolden               bolden
-    bolder               bolder
-    boldest              boldest
-    boldly               boldli
-    boldness             bold
-    bolds                bold
-    bolingbroke          bolingbrok
-    bolster              bolster
-    bolt                 bolt
-    bolted               bolt
-    bolter               bolter
-    bolters              bolter
-    bolting              bolt
-    bolts                bolt
-    bombard              bombard
-    bombards             bombard
-    bombast              bombast
-    bon                  bon
-    bona                 bona
-    bond                 bond
-    bondage              bondag
-    bonded               bond
-    bondmaid             bondmaid
-    bondman              bondman
-    bondmen              bondmen
-    bonds                bond
-    bondslave            bondslav
-    bone                 bone
-    boneless             boneless
-    bones                bone
-    bonfire              bonfir
-    bonfires             bonfir
-    bonjour              bonjour
-    bonne                bonn
-    bonnet               bonnet
-    bonneted             bonnet
-    bonny                bonni
-    bonos                bono
-    bonto                bonto
-    bonville             bonvil
-    bood                 bood
-    book                 book
-    bookish              bookish
-    books                book
-    boon                 boon
-    boor                 boor
-    boorish              boorish
-    boors                boor
-    boot                 boot
-    booted               boot
-    booties              booti
-    bootless             bootless
-    boots                boot
-    booty                booti
-    bor                  bor
-    bora                 bora
-    borachio             borachio
-    bordeaux             bordeaux
-    border               border
-    bordered             border
-    borderers            border
-    borders              border
-    bore                 bore
-    boreas               borea
-    bores                bore
-    boring               bore
-    born                 born
-    borne                born
-    borough              borough
-    boroughs             borough
-    borrow               borrow
-    borrowed             borrow
-    borrower             borrow
-    borrowing            borrow
-    borrows              borrow
-    bosko                bosko
-    boskos               bosko
-    bosky                boski
-    bosom                bosom
-    bosoms               bosom
-    boson                boson
-    boss                 boss
-    bosworth             bosworth
-    botch                botch
-    botcher              botcher
-    botches              botch
-    botchy               botchi
-    both                 both
-    bots                 bot
-    bottle               bottl
-    bottled              bottl
-    bottles              bottl
-    bottom               bottom
-    bottomless           bottomless
-    bottoms              bottom
-    bouciqualt           bouciqualt
-    bouge                boug
-    bough                bough
-    boughs               bough
-    bought               bought
-    bounce               bounc
-    bouncing             bounc
-    bound                bound
-    bounded              bound
-    bounden              bounden
-    boundeth             boundeth
-    bounding             bound
-    boundless            boundless
-    bounds               bound
-    bounteous            bounteou
-    bounteously          bounteous
-    bounties             bounti
-    bountiful            bounti
-    bountifully          bountifulli
-    bounty               bounti
-    bourbier             bourbier
-    bourbon              bourbon
-    bourchier            bourchier
-    bourdeaux            bourdeaux
-    bourn                bourn
-    bout                 bout
-    bouts                bout
-    bove                 bove
-    bow                  bow
-    bowcase              bowcas
-    bowed                bow
-    bowels               bowel
-    bower                bower
-    bowing               bow
-    bowl                 bowl
-    bowler               bowler
-    bowling              bowl
-    bowls                bowl
-    bows                 bow
-    bowsprit             bowsprit
-    bowstring            bowstr
-    box                  box
-    boxes                box
-    boy                  boi
-    boyet                boyet
-    boyish               boyish
-    boys                 boi
-    brabant              brabant
-    brabantio            brabantio
-    brabble              brabbl
-    brabbler             brabbler
-    brac                 brac
-    brace                brace
-    bracelet             bracelet
-    bracelets            bracelet
-    brach                brach
-    bracy                braci
-    brag                 brag
-    bragg                bragg
-    braggardism          braggard
-    braggards            braggard
-    braggart             braggart
-    braggarts            braggart
-    bragged              brag
-    bragging             brag
-    bragless             bragless
-    brags                brag
-    braid                braid
-    braided              braid
-    brain                brain
-    brained              brain
-    brainford            brainford
-    brainish             brainish
-    brainless            brainless
-    brains               brain
-    brainsick            brainsick
-    brainsickly          brainsickli
-    brake                brake
-    brakenbury           brakenburi
-    brakes               brake
-    brambles             brambl
-    bran                 bran
-    branch               branch
-    branches             branch
-    branchless           branchless
-    brand                brand
-    branded              brand
-    brandish             brandish
-    brandon              brandon
-    brands               brand
-    bras                 bra
-    brass                brass
-    brassy               brassi
-    brat                 brat
-    brats                brat
-    brav                 brav
-    brave                brave
-    braved               brave
-    bravely              brave
-    braver               braver
-    bravery              braveri
-    braves               brave
-    bravest              bravest
-    braving              brave
-    brawl                brawl
-    brawler              brawler
-    brawling             brawl
-    brawls               brawl
-    brawn                brawn
-    brawns               brawn
-    bray                 brai
-    braying              brai
-    braz                 braz
-    brazen               brazen
-    brazier              brazier
-    breach               breach
-    breaches             breach
-    bread                bread
-    breadth              breadth
-    break                break
-    breaker              breaker
-    breakfast            breakfast
-    breaking             break
-    breaks               break
-    breast               breast
-    breasted             breast
-    breasting            breast
-    breastplate          breastplat
-    breasts              breast
-    breath               breath
-    breathe              breath
-    breathed             breath
-    breather             breather
-    breathers            breather
-    breathes             breath
-    breathest            breathest
-    breathing            breath
-    breathless           breathless
-    breaths              breath
-    brecknock            brecknock
-    bred                 bred
-    breech               breech
-    breeches             breech
-    breeching            breech
-    breed                breed
-    breeder              breeder
-    breeders             breeder
-    breeding             breed
-    breeds               breed
-    breese               brees
-    breeze               breez
-    breff                breff
-    bretagne             bretagn
-    brethen              brethen
-    bretheren            bretheren
-    brethren             brethren
-    brevis               brevi
-    brevity              breviti
-    brew                 brew
-    brewage              brewag
-    brewer               brewer
-    brewers              brewer
-    brewing              brew
-    brews                brew
-    briareus             briareu
-    briars               briar
-    brib                 brib
-    bribe                bribe
-    briber               briber
-    bribes               bribe
-    brick                brick
-    bricklayer           bricklay
-    bricks               brick
-    bridal               bridal
-    bride                bride
-    bridegroom           bridegroom
-    bridegrooms          bridegroom
-    brides               bride
-    bridge               bridg
-    bridgenorth          bridgenorth
-    bridges              bridg
-    bridget              bridget
-    bridle               bridl
-    bridled              bridl
-    brief                brief
-    briefer              briefer
-    briefest             briefest
-    briefly              briefli
-    briefness            brief
-    brier                brier
-    briers               brier
-    brigandine           brigandin
-    bright               bright
-    brighten             brighten
-    brightest            brightest
-    brightly             brightli
-    brightness           bright
-    brim                 brim
-    brimful              brim
-    brims                brim
-    brimstone            brimston
-    brinded              brind
-    brine                brine
-    bring                bring
-    bringer              bringer
-    bringeth             bringeth
-    bringing             bring
-    bringings            bring
-    brings               bring
-    brinish              brinish
-    brink                brink
-    brisk                brisk
-    brisky               briski
-    bristle              bristl
-    bristled             bristl
-    bristly              bristli
-    bristol              bristol
-    bristow              bristow
-    britain              britain
-    britaine             britain
-    britaines            britain
-    british              british
-    briton               briton
-    britons              briton
-    brittany             brittani
-    brittle              brittl
-    broach               broach
-    broached             broach
-    broad                broad
-    broader              broader
-    broadsides           broadsid
-    brocas               broca
-    brock                brock
-    brogues              brogu
-    broil                broil
-    broiling             broil
-    broils               broil
-    broke                broke
-    broken               broken
-    brokenly             brokenli
-    broker               broker
-    brokers              broker
-    brokes               broke
-    broking              broke
-    brooch               brooch
-    brooches             brooch
-    brood                brood
-    brooded              brood
-    brooding             brood
-    brook                brook
-    brooks               brook
-    broom                broom
-    broomstaff           broomstaff
-    broth                broth
-    brothel              brothel
-    brother              brother
-    brotherhood          brotherhood
-    brotherhoods         brotherhood
-    brotherly            brotherli
-    brothers             brother
-    broths               broth
-    brought              brought
-    brow                 brow
-    brown                brown
-    browner              browner
-    brownist             brownist
-    browny               browni
-    brows                brow
-    browse               brows
-    browsing             brows
-    bruis                brui
-    bruise               bruis
-    bruised              bruis
-    bruises              bruis
-    bruising             bruis
-    bruit                bruit
-    bruited              bruit
-    brundusium           brundusium
-    brunt                brunt
-    brush                brush
-    brushes              brush
-    brute                brute
-    brutish              brutish
-    brutus               brutu
-    bubble               bubbl
-    bubbles              bubbl
-    bubbling             bubbl
-    bubukles             bubukl
-    buck                 buck
-    bucket               bucket
-    buckets              bucket
-    bucking              buck
-    buckingham           buckingham
-    buckle               buckl
-    buckled              buckl
-    buckler              buckler
-    bucklers             buckler
-    bucklersbury         bucklersburi
-    buckles              buckl
-    buckram              buckram
-    bucks                buck
-    bud                  bud
-    budded               bud
-    budding              bud
-    budge                budg
-    budger               budger
-    budget               budget
-    buds                 bud
-    buff                 buff
-    buffet               buffet
-    buffeting            buffet
-    buffets              buffet
-    bug                  bug
-    bugbear              bugbear
-    bugle                bugl
-    bugs                 bug
-    build                build
-    builded              build
-    buildeth             buildeth
-    building             build
-    buildings            build
-    builds               build
-    built                built
-    bulk                 bulk
-    bulks                bulk
-    bull                 bull
-    bullcalf             bullcalf
-    bullen               bullen
-    bullens              bullen
-    bullet               bullet
-    bullets              bullet
-    bullocks             bullock
-    bulls                bull
-    bully                bulli
-    bulmer               bulmer
-    bulwark              bulwark
-    bulwarks             bulwark
-    bum                  bum
-    bumbast              bumbast
-    bump                 bump
-    bumper               bumper
-    bums                 bum
-    bunch                bunch
-    bunches              bunch
-    bundle               bundl
-    bung                 bung
-    bunghole             bunghol
-    bungle               bungl
-    bunting              bunt
-    buoy                 buoi
-    bur                  bur
-    burbolt              burbolt
-    burd                 burd
-    burden               burden
-    burdened             burden
-    burdening            burden
-    burdenous            burden
-    burdens              burden
-    burgh                burgh
-    burgher              burgher
-    burghers             burgher
-    burglary             burglari
-    burgomasters         burgomast
-    burgonet             burgonet
-    burgundy             burgundi
-    burial               burial
-    buried               buri
-    burier               burier
-    buriest              buriest
-    burly                burli
-    burn                 burn
-    burned               burn
-    burnet               burnet
-    burneth              burneth
-    burning              burn
-    burnish              burnish
-    burns                burn
-    burnt                burnt
-    burr                 burr
-    burrows              burrow
-    burs                 bur
-    burst                burst
-    bursting             burst
-    bursts               burst
-    burthen              burthen
-    burthens             burthen
-    burton               burton
-    bury                 buri
-    burying              buri
-    bush                 bush
-    bushels              bushel
-    bushes               bush
-    bushy                bushi
-    busied               busi
-    busily               busili
-    busines              busin
-    business             busi
-    businesses           busi
-    buskin               buskin
-    busky                buski
-    buss                 buss
-    busses               buss
-    bussing              buss
-    bustle               bustl
-    bustling             bustl
-    busy                 busi
-    but                  but
-    butcheed             butche
-    butcher              butcher
-    butchered            butcher
-    butcheries           butcheri
-    butcherly            butcherli
-    butchers             butcher
-    butchery             butcheri
-    butler               butler
-    butt                 butt
-    butter               butter
-    buttered             butter
-    butterflies          butterfli
-    butterfly            butterfli
-    butterwoman          butterwoman
-    buttery              butteri
-    buttock              buttock
-    buttocks             buttock
-    button               button
-    buttonhole           buttonhol
-    buttons              button
-    buttress             buttress
-    buttry               buttri
-    butts                butt
-    buxom                buxom
-    buy                  bui
-    buyer                buyer
-    buying               bui
-    buys                 bui
-    buzz                 buzz
-    buzzard              buzzard
-    buzzards             buzzard
-    buzzers              buzzer
-    buzzing              buzz
-    by                   by
-    bye                  bye
-    byzantium            byzantium
-    c                    c
-    ca                   ca
-    cabbage              cabbag
-    cabileros            cabilero
-    cabin                cabin
-    cabins               cabin
-    cable                cabl
-    cables               cabl
-    cackling             cackl
-    cacodemon            cacodemon
-    caddis               caddi
-    caddisses            caddiss
-    cade                 cade
-    cadence              cadenc
-    cadent               cadent
-    cades                cade
-    cadmus               cadmu
-    caduceus             caduceu
-    cadwal               cadwal
-    cadwallader          cadwallad
-    caelius              caeliu
-    caelo                caelo
-    caesar               caesar
-    caesarion            caesarion
-    caesars              caesar
-    cage                 cage
-    caged                cage
-    cagion               cagion
-    cain                 cain
-    caithness            caith
-    caitiff              caitiff
-    caitiffs             caitiff
-    caius                caiu
-    cak                  cak
-    cake                 cake
-    cakes                cake
-    calaber              calab
-    calais               calai
-    calamities           calam
-    calamity             calam
-    calchas              calcha
-    calculate            calcul
-    calen                calen
-    calendar             calendar
-    calendars            calendar
-    calf                 calf
-    caliban              caliban
-    calibans             caliban
-    calipolis            calipoli
-    cality               caliti
-    caliver              caliv
-    call                 call
-    callat               callat
-    called               call
-    callet               callet
-    calling              call
-    calls                call
-    calm                 calm
-    calmest              calmest
-    calmly               calmli
-    calmness             calm
-    calms                calm
-    calpurnia            calpurnia
-    calumniate           calumni
-    calumniating         calumni
-    calumnious           calumni
-    calumny              calumni
-    calve                calv
-    calved               calv
-    calves               calv
-    calveskins           calveskin
-    calydon              calydon
-    cam                  cam
-    cambio               cambio
-    cambria              cambria
-    cambric              cambric
-    cambrics             cambric
-    cambridge            cambridg
-    cambyses             cambys
-    came                 came
-    camel                camel
-    camelot              camelot
-    camels               camel
-    camest               camest
-    camillo              camillo
-    camlet               camlet
-    camomile             camomil
-    camp                 camp
-    campeius             campeiu
-    camping              camp
-    camps                camp
-    can                  can
-    canakin              canakin
-    canaries             canari
-    canary               canari
-    cancel               cancel
-    cancell              cancel
-    cancelled            cancel
-    cancelling           cancel
-    cancels              cancel
-    cancer               cancer
-    candidatus           candidatu
-    candied              candi
-    candle               candl
-    candles              candl
-    candlesticks         candlestick
-    candy                candi
-    canidius             canidiu
-    cank                 cank
-    canker               canker
-    cankerblossom        cankerblossom
-    cankers              canker
-    cannibally           cannib
-    cannibals            cannib
-    cannon               cannon
-    cannoneer            cannon
-    cannons              cannon
-    cannot               cannot
-    canon                canon
-    canoniz              canoniz
-    canonize             canon
-    canonized            canon
-    canons               canon
-    canopied             canopi
-    canopies             canopi
-    canopy               canopi
-    canst                canst
-    canstick             canstick
-    canterbury           canterburi
-    cantle               cantl
-    cantons              canton
-    canus                canu
-    canvas               canva
-    canvass              canvass
-    canzonet             canzonet
-    cap                  cap
-    capability           capabl
-    capable              capabl
-    capacities           capac
-    capacity             capac
-    caparison            caparison
-    capdv                capdv
-    cape                 cape
-    capel                capel
-    capels               capel
-    caper                caper
-    capers               caper
-    capet                capet
-    caphis               caphi
-    capilet              capilet
-    capitaine            capitain
-    capital              capit
-    capite               capit
-    capitol              capitol
-    capitulate           capitul
-    capocchia            capocchia
-    capon                capon
-    capons               capon
-    capp                 capp
-    cappadocia           cappadocia
-    capriccio            capriccio
-    capricious           caprici
-    caps                 cap
-    capt                 capt
-    captain              captain
-    captains             captain
-    captainship          captainship
-    captious             captiou
-    captivate            captiv
-    captivated           captiv
-    captivates           captiv
-    captive              captiv
-    captives             captiv
-    captivity            captiv
-    captum               captum
-    capucius             capuciu
-    capulet              capulet
-    capulets             capulet
-    car                  car
-    carack               carack
-    caracks              carack
-    carat                carat
-    caraways             carawai
-    carbonado            carbonado
-    carbuncle            carbuncl
-    carbuncled           carbuncl
-    carbuncles           carbuncl
-    carcanet             carcanet
-    carcase              carcas
-    carcases             carcas
-    carcass              carcass
-    carcasses            carcass
-    card                 card
-    cardecue             cardecu
-    carded               card
-    carders              carder
-    cardinal             cardin
-    cardinally           cardin
-    cardinals            cardin
-    cardmaker            cardmak
-    cards                card
-    carduus              carduu
-    care                 care
-    cared                care
-    career               career
-    careers              career
-    careful              care
-    carefully            carefulli
-    careless             careless
-    carelessly           carelessli
-    carelessness         careless
-    cares                care
-    caret                caret
-    cargo                cargo
-    carl                 carl
-    carlisle             carlisl
-    carlot               carlot
-    carman               carman
-    carmen               carmen
-    carnal               carnal
-    carnally             carnal
-    carnarvonshire       carnarvonshir
-    carnation            carnat
-    carnations           carnat
-    carol                carol
-    carous               carou
-    carouse              carous
-    caroused             carous
-    carouses             carous
-    carousing            carous
-    carp                 carp
-    carpenter            carpent
-    carper               carper
-    carpet               carpet
-    carpets              carpet
-    carping              carp
-    carriage             carriag
-    carriages            carriag
-    carried              carri
-    carrier              carrier
-    carriers             carrier
-    carries              carri
-    carrion              carrion
-    carrions             carrion
-    carry                carri
-    carrying             carri
-    cars                 car
-    cart                 cart
-    carters              carter
-    carthage             carthag
-    carts                cart
-    carv                 carv
-    carve                carv
-    carved               carv
-    carver               carver
-    carves               carv
-    carving              carv
-    cas                  ca
-    casa                 casa
-    casaer               casaer
-    casca                casca
-    case                 case
-    casement             casement
-    casements            casement
-    cases                case
-    cash                 cash
-    cashier              cashier
-    casing               case
-    cask                 cask
-    casket               casket
-    casketed             casket
-    caskets              casket
-    casque               casqu
-    casques              casqu
-    cassado              cassado
-    cassandra            cassandra
-    cassibelan           cassibelan
-    cassio               cassio
-    cassius              cassiu
-    cassocks             cassock
-    cast                 cast
-    castalion            castalion
-    castaway             castawai
-    castaways            castawai
-    casted               cast
-    caster               caster
-    castigate            castig
-    castigation          castig
-    castile              castil
-    castiliano           castiliano
-    casting              cast
-    castle               castl
-    castles              castl
-    casts                cast
-    casual               casual
-    casually             casual
-    casualties           casualti
-    casualty             casualti
-    cat                  cat
-    cataian              cataian
-    catalogue            catalogu
-    cataplasm            cataplasm
-    cataracts            cataract
-    catarrhs             catarrh
-    catastrophe          catastroph
-    catch                catch
-    catcher              catcher
-    catches              catch
-    catching             catch
-    cate                 cate
-    catechising          catechis
-    catechism            catech
-    catechize            catech
-    cater                cater
-    caterpillars         caterpillar
-    caters               cater
-    caterwauling         caterwaul
-    cates                cate
-    catesby              catesbi
-    cathedral            cathedr
-    catlike              catlik
-    catling              catl
-    catlings             catl
-    cato                 cato
-    cats                 cat
-    cattle               cattl
-    caucasus             caucasu
-    caudle               caudl
-    cauf                 cauf
-    caught               caught
-    cauldron             cauldron
-    caus                 cau
-    cause                caus
-    caused               caus
-    causeless            causeless
-    causer               causer
-    causes               caus
-    causest              causest
-    causeth              causeth
-    cautel               cautel
-    cautelous            cautel
-    cautels              cautel
-    cauterizing          cauter
-    caution              caution
-    cautions             caution
-    cavaleiro            cavaleiro
-    cavalery             cavaleri
-    cavaliers            cavali
-    cave                 cave
-    cavern               cavern
-    caverns              cavern
-    caves                cave
-    caveto               caveto
-    caviary              caviari
-    cavil                cavil
-    cavilling            cavil
-    cawdor               cawdor
-    cawdron              cawdron
-    cawing               caw
-    ce                   ce
-    ceas                 cea
-    cease                ceas
-    ceases               ceas
-    ceaseth              ceaseth
-    cedar                cedar
-    cedars               cedar
-    cedius               cediu
-    celebrate            celebr
-    celebrated           celebr
-    celebrates           celebr
-    celebration          celebr
-    celerity             celer
-    celestial            celesti
-    celia                celia
-    cell                 cell
-    cellar               cellar
-    cellarage            cellarag
-    celsa                celsa
-    cement               cement
-    censer               censer
-    censor               censor
-    censorinus           censorinu
-    censur               censur
-    censure              censur
-    censured             censur
-    censurers            censur
-    censures             censur
-    censuring            censur
-    centaur              centaur
-    centaurs             centaur
-    centre               centr
-    cents                cent
-    centuries            centuri
-    centurion            centurion
-    centurions           centurion
-    century              centuri
-    cerberus             cerberu
-    cerecloth            cerecloth
-    cerements            cerement
-    ceremonial           ceremoni
-    ceremonies           ceremoni
-    ceremonious          ceremoni
-    ceremoniously        ceremoni
-    ceremony             ceremoni
-    ceres                cere
-    cerns                cern
-    certain              certain
-    certainer            certain
-    certainly            certainli
-    certainties          certainti
-    certainty            certainti
-    certes               cert
-    certificate          certif
-    certified            certifi
-    certifies            certifi
-    certify              certifi
-    ces                  ce
-    cesario              cesario
-    cess                 cess
-    cesse                cess
-    cestern              cestern
-    cetera               cetera
-    cette                cett
-    chaces               chace
-    chaf                 chaf
-    chafe                chafe
-    chafed               chafe
-    chafes               chafe
-    chaff                chaff
-    chaffless            chaffless
-    chafing              chafe
-    chain                chain
-    chains               chain
-    chair                chair
-    chairs               chair
-    chalic               chalic
-    chalice              chalic
-    chalices             chalic
-    chalk                chalk
-    chalks               chalk
-    chalky               chalki
-    challeng             challeng
-    challenge            challeng
-    challenged           challeng
-    challenger           challeng
-    challengers          challeng
-    challenges           challeng
-    cham                 cham
-    chamber              chamber
-    chamberers           chamber
-    chamberlain          chamberlain
-    chamberlains         chamberlain
-    chambermaid          chambermaid
-    chambermaids         chambermaid
-    chambers             chamber
-    chameleon            chameleon
-    champ                champ
-    champagne            champagn
-    champain             champain
-    champains            champain
-    champion             champion
-    champions            champion
-    chanc                chanc
-    chance               chanc
-    chanced              chanc
-    chancellor           chancellor
-    chances              chanc
-    chandler             chandler
-    chang                chang
-    change               chang
-    changeable           changeabl
-    changed              chang
-    changeful            chang
-    changeling           changel
-    changelings          changel
-    changer              changer
-    changes              chang
-    changest             changest
-    changing             chang
-    channel              channel
-    channels             channel
-    chanson              chanson
-    chant                chant
-    chanticleer          chanticl
-    chanting             chant
-    chantries            chantri
-    chantry              chantri
-    chants               chant
-    chaos                chao
-    chap                 chap
-    chape                chape
-    chapel               chapel
-    chapeless            chapeless
-    chapels              chapel
-    chaplain             chaplain
-    chaplains            chaplain
-    chapless             chapless
-    chaplet              chaplet
-    chapmen              chapmen
-    chaps                chap
-    chapter              chapter
-    character            charact
-    charactered          charact
-    characterless        characterless
-    characters           charact
-    charactery           characteri
-    characts             charact
-    charbon              charbon
-    chare                chare
-    chares               chare
-    charg                charg
-    charge               charg
-    charged              charg
-    chargeful            charg
-    charges              charg
-    chargeth             chargeth
-    charging             charg
-    chariest             chariest
-    chariness            chari
-    charing              chare
-    chariot              chariot
-    chariots             chariot
-    charitable           charit
-    charitably           charit
-    charities            chariti
-    charity              chariti
-    charlemain           charlemain
-    charles              charl
-    charm                charm
-    charmed              charm
-    charmer              charmer
-    charmeth             charmeth
-    charmian             charmian
-    charming             charm
-    charmingly           charmingli
-    charms               charm
-    charneco             charneco
-    charnel              charnel
-    charolois            charoloi
-    charon               charon
-    charter              charter
-    charters             charter
-    chartreux            chartreux
-    chary                chari
-    charybdis            charybdi
-    chas                 cha
-    chase                chase
-    chased               chase
-    chaser               chaser
-    chaseth              chaseth
-    chasing              chase
-    chaste               chast
-    chastely             chast
-    chastis              chasti
-    chastise             chastis
-    chastised            chastis
-    chastisement         chastis
-    chastity             chastiti
-    chat                 chat
-    chatham              chatham
-    chatillon            chatillon
-    chats                chat
-    chatt                chatt
-    chattels             chattel
-    chatter              chatter
-    chattering           chatter
-    chattles             chattl
-    chaud                chaud
-    chaunted             chaunt
-    chaw                 chaw
-    chawdron             chawdron
-    che                  che
-    cheap                cheap
-    cheapen              cheapen
-    cheaper              cheaper
-    cheapest             cheapest
-    cheaply              cheapli
-    cheapside            cheapsid
-    cheat                cheat
-    cheated              cheat
-    cheater              cheater
-    cheaters             cheater
-    cheating             cheat
-    cheats               cheat
-    check                check
-    checked              check
-    checker              checker
-    checking             check
-    checks               check
-    cheek                cheek
-    cheeks               cheek
-    cheer                cheer
-    cheered              cheer
-    cheerer              cheerer
-    cheerful             cheer
-    cheerfully           cheerfulli
-    cheering             cheer
-    cheerless            cheerless
-    cheerly              cheerli
-    cheers               cheer
-    cheese               chees
-    chequer              chequer
-    cher                 cher
-    cherish              cherish
-    cherished            cherish
-    cherisher            cherish
-    cherishes            cherish
-    cherishing           cherish
-    cherries             cherri
-    cherry               cherri
-    cherrypit            cherrypit
-    chertsey             chertsei
-    cherub               cherub
-    cherubims            cherubim
-    cherubin             cherubin
-    cherubins            cherubin
-    cheshu               cheshu
-    chess                chess
-    chest                chest
-    chester              chester
-    chestnut             chestnut
-    chestnuts            chestnut
-    chests               chest
-    chetas               cheta
-    chev                 chev
-    cheval               cheval
-    chevalier            chevali
-    chevaliers           chevali
-    cheveril             cheveril
-    chew                 chew
-    chewed               chew
-    chewet               chewet
-    chewing              chew
-    chez                 chez
-    chi                  chi
-    chick                chick
-    chicken              chicken
-    chickens             chicken
-    chicurmurco          chicurmurco
-    chid                 chid
-    chidden              chidden
-    chide                chide
-    chiders              chider
-    chides               chide
-    chiding              chide
-    chief                chief
-    chiefest             chiefest
-    chiefly              chiefli
-    chien                chien
-    child                child
-    childed              child
-    childeric            childer
-    childhood            childhood
-    childhoods           childhood
-    childing             child
-    childish             childish
-    childishness         childish
-    childlike            childlik
-    childness            child
-    children             children
-    chill                chill
-    chilling             chill
-    chime                chime
-    chimes               chime
-    chimney              chimnei
-    chimneypiece         chimneypiec
-    chimneys             chimnei
-    chimurcho            chimurcho
-    chin                 chin
-    china                china
-    chine                chine
-    chines               chine
-    chink                chink
-    chinks               chink
-    chins                chin
-    chipp                chipp
-    chipper              chipper
-    chips                chip
-    chiron               chiron
-    chirping             chirp
-    chirrah              chirrah
-    chirurgeonly         chirurgeonli
-    chisel               chisel
-    chitopher            chitoph
-    chivalrous           chivalr
-    chivalry             chivalri
-    choice               choic
-    choicely             choic
-    choicest             choicest
-    choir                choir
-    choirs               choir
-    chok                 chok
-    choke                choke
-    choked               choke
-    chokes               choke
-    choking              choke
-    choler               choler
-    choleric             choler
-    cholers              choler
-    chollors             chollor
-    choose               choos
-    chooser              chooser
-    chooses              choos
-    chooseth             chooseth
-    choosing             choos
-    chop                 chop
-    chopine              chopin
-    choplogic            choplog
-    chopp                chopp
-    chopped              chop
-    chopping             chop
-    choppy               choppi
-    chops                chop
-    chopt                chopt
-    chor                 chor
-    choristers           chorist
-    chorus               choru
-    chose                chose
-    chosen               chosen
-    chough               chough
-    choughs              chough
-    chrish               chrish
-    christ               christ
-    christen             christen
-    christendom          christendom
-    christendoms         christendom
-    christening          christen
-    christenings         christen
-    christian            christian
-    christianlike        christianlik
-    christians           christian
-    christmas            christma
-    christom             christom
-    christopher          christoph
-    christophero         christophero
-    chronicle            chronicl
-    chronicled           chronicl
-    chronicler           chronicl
-    chroniclers          chronicl
-    chronicles           chronicl
-    chrysolite           chrysolit
-    chuck                chuck
-    chucks               chuck
-    chud                 chud
-    chuffs               chuff
-    church               church
-    churches             church
-    churchman            churchman
-    churchmen            churchmen
-    churchyard           churchyard
-    churchyards          churchyard
-    churl                churl
-    churlish             churlish
-    churlishly           churlishli
-    churls               churl
-    churn                churn
-    chus                 chu
-    cicatrice            cicatric
-    cicatrices           cicatric
-    cicely               cice
-    cicero               cicero
-    ciceter              cicet
-    ciel                 ciel
-    ciitzens             ciitzen
-    cilicia              cilicia
-    cimber               cimber
-    cimmerian            cimmerian
-    cinable              cinabl
-    cincture             cinctur
-    cinders              cinder
-    cine                 cine
-    cinna                cinna
-    cinque               cinqu
-    cipher               cipher
-    ciphers              cipher
-    circa                circa
-    circe                circ
-    circle               circl
-    circled              circl
-    circlets             circlet
-    circling             circl
-    circuit              circuit
-    circum               circum
-    circumcised          circumcis
-    circumference        circumfer
-    circummur            circummur
-    circumscrib          circumscrib
-    circumscribed        circumscrib
-    circumscription      circumscript
-    circumspect          circumspect
-    circumstance         circumst
-    circumstanced        circumstanc
-    circumstances        circumst
-    circumstantial       circumstanti
-    circumvent           circumv
-    circumvention        circumvent
-    cistern              cistern
-    citadel              citadel
-    cital                cital
-    cite                 cite
-    cited                cite
-    cites                cite
-    cities               citi
-    citing               cite
-    citizen              citizen
-    citizens             citizen
-    cittern              cittern
-    city                 citi
-    civet                civet
-    civil                civil
-    civility             civil
-    civilly              civilli
-    clack                clack
-    clad                 clad
-    claim                claim
-    claiming             claim
-    claims               claim
-    clamb                clamb
-    clamber              clamber
-    clammer              clammer
-    clamor               clamor
-    clamorous            clamor
-    clamors              clamor
-    clamour              clamour
-    clamours             clamour
-    clang                clang
-    clangor              clangor
-    clap                 clap
-    clapp                clapp
-    clapped              clap
-    clapper              clapper
-    clapping             clap
-    claps                clap
-    clare                clare
-    clarence             clarenc
-    claret               claret
-    claribel             claribel
-    clasp                clasp
-    clasps               clasp
-    clatter              clatter
-    claud                claud
-    claudio              claudio
-    claudius             claudiu
-    clause               claus
-    claw                 claw
-    clawed               claw
-    clawing              claw
-    claws                claw
-    clay                 clai
-    clays                clai
-    clean                clean
-    cleanliest           cleanliest
-    cleanly              cleanli
-    cleans               clean
-    cleanse              cleans
-    cleansing            cleans
-    clear                clear
-    clearer              clearer
-    clearest             clearest
-    clearly              clearli
-    clearness            clear
-    clears               clear
-    cleave               cleav
-    cleaving             cleav
-    clef                 clef
-    cleft                cleft
-    cleitus              cleitu
-    clemency             clemenc
-    clement              clement
-    cleomenes            cleomen
-    cleopatpa            cleopatpa
-    cleopatra            cleopatra
-    clepeth              clepeth
-    clept                clept
-    clerestories         clerestori
-    clergy               clergi
-    clergyman            clergyman
-    clergymen            clergymen
-    clerk                clerk
-    clerkly              clerkli
-    clerks               clerk
-    clew                 clew
-    client               client
-    clients              client
-    cliff                cliff
-    clifford             clifford
-    cliffords            clifford
-    cliffs               cliff
-    clifton              clifton
-    climate              climat
-    climature            climatur
-    climb                climb
-    climbed              climb
-    climber              climber
-    climbeth             climbeth
-    climbing             climb
-    climbs               climb
-    clime                clime
-    cling                cling
-    clink                clink
-    clinking             clink
-    clinquant            clinquant
-    clip                 clip
-    clipp                clipp
-    clipper              clipper
-    clippeth             clippeth
-    clipping             clip
-    clipt                clipt
-    clitus               clitu
-    clo                  clo
-    cloak                cloak
-    cloakbag             cloakbag
-    cloaks               cloak
-    clock                clock
-    clocks               clock
-    clod                 clod
-    cloddy               cloddi
-    clodpole             clodpol
-    clog                 clog
-    clogging             clog
-    clogs                clog
-    cloister             cloister
-    cloistress           cloistress
-    cloquence            cloquenc
-    clos                 clo
-    close                close
-    closed               close
-    closely              close
-    closeness            close
-    closer               closer
-    closes               close
-    closest              closest
-    closet               closet
-    closing              close
-    closure              closur
-    cloten               cloten
-    clotens              cloten
-    cloth                cloth
-    clothair             clothair
-    clotharius           clothariu
-    clothe               cloth
-    clothes              cloth
-    clothier             clothier
-    clothiers            clothier
-    clothing             cloth
-    cloths               cloth
-    clotpoles            clotpol
-    clotpoll             clotpol
-    cloud                cloud
-    clouded              cloud
-    cloudiness           cloudi
-    clouds               cloud
-    cloudy               cloudi
-    clout                clout
-    clouted              clout
-    clouts               clout
-    cloven               cloven
-    clover               clover
-    cloves               clove
-    clovest              clovest
-    clowder              clowder
-    clown                clown
-    clownish             clownish
-    clowns               clown
-    cloy                 cloi
-    cloyed               cloi
-    cloying              cloi
-    cloyless             cloyless
-    cloyment             cloyment
-    cloys                cloi
-    club                 club
-    clubs                club
-    cluck                cluck
-    clung                clung
-    clust                clust
-    clusters             cluster
-    clutch               clutch
-    clyster              clyster
-    cneius               cneiu
-    cnemies              cnemi
-    co                   co
-    coach                coach
-    coaches              coach
-    coachmakers          coachmak
-    coact                coact
-    coactive             coactiv
-    coagulate            coagul
-    coal                 coal
-    coals                coal
-    coarse               coars
-    coarsely             coars
-    coast                coast
-    coasting             coast
-    coasts               coast
-    coat                 coat
-    coated               coat
-    coats                coat
-    cobble               cobbl
-    cobbled              cobbl
-    cobbler              cobbler
-    cobham               cobham
-    cobloaf              cobloaf
-    cobweb               cobweb
-    cobwebs              cobweb
-    cock                 cock
-    cockatrice           cockatric
-    cockatrices          cockatric
-    cockle               cockl
-    cockled              cockl
-    cockney              cocknei
-    cockpit              cockpit
-    cocks                cock
-    cocksure             cocksur
-    coctus               coctu
-    cocytus              cocytu
-    cod                  cod
-    codding              cod
-    codling              codl
-    codpiece             codpiec
-    codpieces            codpiec
-    cods                 cod
-    coelestibus          coelestibu
-    coesar               coesar
-    coeur                coeur
-    coffer               coffer
-    coffers              coffer
-    coffin               coffin
-    coffins              coffin
-    cog                  cog
-    cogging              cog
-    cogitation           cogit
-    cogitations          cogit
-    cognition            cognit
-    cognizance           cogniz
-    cogscomb             cogscomb
-    cohabitants          cohabit
-    coher                coher
-    cohere               coher
-    coherence            coher
-    coherent             coher
-    cohorts              cohort
-    coif                 coif
-    coign                coign
-    coil                 coil
-    coin                 coin
-    coinage              coinag
-    coiner               coiner
-    coining              coin
-    coins                coin
-    col                  col
-    colbrand             colbrand
-    colchos              colcho
-    cold                 cold
-    colder               colder
-    coldest              coldest
-    coldly               coldli
-    coldness             cold
-    coldspur             coldspur
-    colebrook            colebrook
-    colic                colic
-    collar               collar
-    collars              collar
-    collateral           collater
-    colleagued           colleagu
-    collect              collect
-    collected            collect
-    collection           collect
-    college              colleg
-    colleges             colleg
-    collied              colli
-    collier              collier
-    colliers             collier
-    collop               collop
-    collusion            collus
-    colme                colm
-    colmekill            colmekil
-    coloquintida         coloquintida
-    color                color
-    colors               color
-    colossus             colossu
-    colour               colour
-    colourable           colour
-    coloured             colour
-    colouring            colour
-    colours              colour
-    colt                 colt
-    colted               colt
-    colts                colt
-    columbine            columbin
-    columbines           columbin
-    colville             colvil
-    com                  com
-    comagene             comagen
-    comart               comart
-    comb                 comb
-    combat               combat
-    combatant            combat
-    combatants           combat
-    combated             combat
-    combating            combat
-    combin               combin
-    combinate            combin
-    combination          combin
-    combine              combin
-    combined             combin
-    combless             combless
-    combustion           combust
-    come                 come
-    comedian             comedian
-    comedians            comedian
-    comedy               comedi
-    comeliness           comeli
-    comely               come
-    comer                comer
-    comers               comer
-    comes                come
-    comest               comest
-    comet                comet
-    cometh               cometh
-    comets               comet
-    comfect              comfect
-    comfit               comfit
-    comfits              comfit
-    comfort              comfort
-    comfortable          comfort
-    comforted            comfort
-    comforter            comfort
-    comforting           comfort
-    comfortless          comfortless
-    comforts             comfort
-    comic                comic
-    comical              comic
-    coming               come
-    comings              come
-    cominius             cominiu
-    comma                comma
-    command              command
-    commande             command
-    commanded            command
-    commander            command
-    commanders           command
-    commanding           command
-    commandment          command
-    commandments         command
-    commands             command
-    comme                comm
-    commenc              commenc
-    commence             commenc
-    commenced            commenc
-    commencement         commenc
-    commences            commenc
-    commencing           commenc
-    commend              commend
-    commendable          commend
-    commendation         commend
-    commendations        commend
-    commended            commend
-    commending           commend
-    commends             commend
-    comment              comment
-    commentaries         commentari
-    commenting           comment
-    comments             comment
-    commerce             commerc
-    commingled           commingl
-    commiseration        commiser
-    commission           commiss
-    commissioners        commission
-    commissions          commiss
-    commit               commit
-    commits              commit
-    committ              committ
-    committed            commit
-    committing           commit
-    commix               commix
-    commixed             commix
-    commixtion           commixt
-    commixture           commixtur
-    commodious           commodi
-    commodities          commod
-    commodity            commod
-    common               common
-    commonalty           commonalti
-    commoner             common
-    commoners            common
-    commonly             commonli
-    commons              common
-    commonweal           commonw
-    commonwealth         commonwealth
-    commotion            commot
-    commotions           commot
-    commune              commun
-    communicat           communicat
-    communicate          commun
-    communication        commun
-    communities          commun
-    community            commun
-    comonty              comonti
-    compact              compact
-    companies            compani
-    companion            companion
-    companions           companion
-    companionship        companionship
-    company              compani
-    compar               compar
-    comparative          compar
-    compare              compar
-    compared             compar
-    comparing            compar
-    comparison           comparison
-    comparisons          comparison
-    compartner           compartn
-    compass              compass
-    compasses            compass
-    compassing           compass
-    compassion           compass
-    compassionate        compassion
-    compeers             compeer
-    compel               compel
-    compell              compel
-    compelled            compel
-    compelling           compel
-    compels              compel
-    compensation         compens
-    competence           compet
-    competency           compet
-    competent            compet
-    competitor           competitor
-    competitors          competitor
-    compil               compil
-    compile              compil
-    compiled             compil
-    complain             complain
-    complainer           complain
-    complainest          complainest
-    complaining          complain
-    complainings         complain
-    complains            complain
-    complaint            complaint
-    complaints           complaint
-    complement           complement
-    complements          complement
-    complete             complet
-    complexion           complexion
-    complexioned         complexion
-    complexions          complexion
-    complices            complic
-    complies             compli
-    compliment           compliment
-    complimental         compliment
-    compliments          compliment
-    complot              complot
-    complots             complot
-    complotted           complot
-    comply               compli
-    compos               compo
-    compose              compos
-    composed             compos
-    composition          composit
-    compost              compost
-    composture           compostur
-    composure            composur
-    compound             compound
-    compounded           compound
-    compounds            compound
-    comprehend           comprehend
-    comprehended         comprehend
-    comprehends          comprehend
-    compremises          compremis
-    compris              compri
-    comprising           compris
-    compromis            compromi
-    compromise           compromis
-    compt                compt
-    comptible            comptibl
-    comptrollers         comptrol
-    compulsatory         compulsatori
-    compulsion           compuls
-    compulsive           compuls
-    compunctious         compuncti
-    computation          comput
-    comrade              comrad
-    comrades             comrad
-    comutual             comutu
-    con                  con
-    concave              concav
-    concavities          concav
-    conceal              conceal
-    concealed            conceal
-    concealing           conceal
-    concealment          conceal
-    concealments         conceal
-    conceals             conceal
-    conceit              conceit
-    conceited            conceit
-    conceitless          conceitless
-    conceits             conceit
-    conceiv              conceiv
-    conceive             conceiv
-    conceived            conceiv
-    conceives            conceiv
-    conceiving           conceiv
-    conception           concept
-    conceptions          concept
-    conceptious          concepti
-    concern              concern
-    concernancy          concern
-    concerneth           concerneth
-    concerning           concern
-    concernings          concern
-    concerns             concern
-    conclave             conclav
-    conclud              conclud
-    conclude             conclud
-    concluded            conclud
-    concludes            conclud
-    concluding           conclud
-    conclusion           conclus
-    conclusions          conclus
-    concolinel           concolinel
-    concord              concord
-    concubine            concubin
-    concupiscible        concupisc
-    concupy              concupi
-    concur               concur
-    concurring           concur
-    concurs              concur
-    condemn              condemn
-    condemnation         condemn
-    condemned            condemn
-    condemning           condemn
-    condemns             condemn
-    condescend           condescend
-    condign              condign
-    condition            condit
-    conditionally        condition
-    conditions           condit
-    condole              condol
-    condolement          condol
-    condoling            condol
-    conduce              conduc
-    conduct              conduct
-    conducted            conduct
-    conducting           conduct
-    conductor            conductor
-    conduit              conduit
-    conduits             conduit
-    conected             conect
-    coney                conei
-    confection           confect
-    confectionary        confectionari
-    confections          confect
-    confederacy          confederaci
-    confederate          confeder
-    confederates         confeder
-    confer               confer
-    conference           confer
-    conferr              conferr
-    conferring           confer
-    confess              confess
-    confessed            confess
-    confesses            confess
-    confesseth           confesseth
-    confessing           confess
-    confession           confess
-    confessions          confess
-    confessor            confessor
-    confidence           confid
-    confident            confid
-    confidently          confid
-    confin               confin
-    confine              confin
-    confined             confin
-    confineless          confineless
-    confiners            confin
-    confines             confin
-    confining            confin
-    confirm              confirm
-    confirmation         confirm
-    confirmations        confirm
-    confirmed            confirm
-    confirmer            confirm
-    confirmers           confirm
-    confirming           confirm
-    confirmities         confirm
-    confirms             confirm
-    confiscate           confisc
-    confiscated          confisc
-    confiscation         confisc
-    confixed             confix
-    conflict             conflict
-    conflicting          conflict
-    conflicts            conflict
-    confluence           confluenc
-    conflux              conflux
-    conform              conform
-    conformable          conform
-    confound             confound
-    confounded           confound
-    confounding          confound
-    confounds            confound
-    confront             confront
-    confronted           confront
-    confus               confu
-    confused             confus
-    confusedly           confusedli
-    confusion            confus
-    confusions           confus
-    confutation          confut
-    confutes             confut
-    congeal              congeal
-    congealed            congeal
-    congealment          congeal
-    congee               conge
-    conger               conger
-    congest              congest
-    congied              congi
-    congratulate         congratul
-    congreeing           congre
-    congreeted           congreet
-    congregate           congreg
-    congregated          congreg
-    congregation         congreg
-    congregations        congreg
-    congruent            congruent
-    congruing            congru
-    conies               coni
-    conjectural          conjectur
-    conjecture           conjectur
-    conjectures          conjectur
-    conjoin              conjoin
-    conjoined            conjoin
-    conjoins             conjoin
-    conjointly           conjointli
-    conjunct             conjunct
-    conjunction          conjunct
-    conjunctive          conjunct
-    conjur               conjur
-    conjuration          conjur
-    conjurations         conjur
-    conjure              conjur
-    conjured             conjur
-    conjurer             conjur
-    conjurers            conjur
-    conjures             conjur
-    conjuring            conjur
-    conjuro              conjuro
-    conn                 conn
-    connected            connect
-    connive              conniv
-    conqu                conqu
-    conquer              conquer
-    conquered            conquer
-    conquering           conquer
-    conqueror            conqueror
-    conquerors           conqueror
-    conquers             conquer
-    conquest             conquest
-    conquests            conquest
-    conquring            conqur
-    conrade              conrad
-    cons                 con
-    consanguineous       consanguin
-    consanguinity        consanguin
-    conscienc            conscienc
-    conscience           conscienc
-    consciences          conscienc
-    conscionable         conscion
-    consecrate           consecr
-    consecrated          consecr
-    consecrations        consecr
-    consent              consent
-    consented            consent
-    consenting           consent
-    consents             consent
-    consequence          consequ
-    consequences         consequ
-    consequently         consequ
-    conserve             conserv
-    conserved            conserv
-    conserves            conserv
-    consider             consid
-    considerance         consider
-    considerate          consider
-    consideration        consider
-    considerations       consider
-    considered           consid
-    considering          consid
-    considerings         consid
-    considers            consid
-    consign              consign
-    consigning           consign
-    consist              consist
-    consisteth           consisteth
-    consisting           consist
-    consistory           consistori
-    consists             consist
-    consolate            consol
-    consolation          consol
-    consonancy           conson
-    consonant            conson
-    consort              consort
-    consorted            consort
-    consortest           consortest
-    conspectuities       conspectu
-    conspir              conspir
-    conspiracy           conspiraci
-    conspirant           conspir
-    conspirator          conspir
-    conspirators         conspir
-    conspire             conspir
-    conspired            conspir
-    conspirers           conspir
-    conspires            conspir
-    conspiring           conspir
-    constable            constabl
-    constables           constabl
-    constance            constanc
-    constancies          constanc
-    constancy            constanc
-    constant             constant
-    constantine          constantin
-    constantinople       constantinopl
-    constantly           constantli
-    constellation        constel
-    constitution         constitut
-    constrain            constrain
-    constrained          constrain
-    constraineth         constraineth
-    constrains           constrain
-    constraint           constraint
-    constring            constr
-    construction         construct
-    construe             constru
-    consul               consul
-    consuls              consul
-    consulship           consulship
-    consulships          consulship
-    consult              consult
-    consulting           consult
-    consults             consult
-    consum               consum
-    consume              consum
-    consumed             consum
-    consumes             consum
-    consuming            consum
-    consummate           consumm
-    consummation         consumm
-    consumption          consumpt
-    consumptions         consumpt
-    contagion            contagion
-    contagious           contagi
-    contain              contain
-    containing           contain
-    contains             contain
-    contaminate          contamin
-    contaminated         contamin
-    contemn              contemn
-    contemned            contemn
-    contemning           contemn
-    contemns             contemn
-    contemplate          contempl
-    contemplation        contempl
-    contemplative        contempl
-    contempt             contempt
-    contemptible         contempt
-    contempts            contempt
-    contemptuous         contemptu
-    contemptuously       contemptu
-    contend              contend
-    contended            contend
-    contending           contend
-    contendon            contendon
-    content              content
-    contenta             contenta
-    contented            content
-    contenteth           contenteth
-    contention           content
-    contentious          contenti
-    contentless          contentless
-    contento             contento
-    contents             content
-    contest              contest
-    contestation         contest
-    continence           contin
-    continency           contin
-    continent            contin
-    continents           contin
-    continu              continu
-    continual            continu
-    continually          continu
-    continuance          continu
-    continuantly         continuantli
-    continuate           continu
-    continue             continu
-    continued            continu
-    continuer            continu
-    continues            continu
-    continuing           continu
-    contract             contract
-    contracted           contract
-    contracting          contract
-    contraction          contract
-    contradict           contradict
-    contradicted         contradict
-    contradiction        contradict
-    contradicts          contradict
-    contraries           contrari
-    contrarieties        contrarieti
-    contrariety          contrarieti
-    contrarious          contrari
-    contrariously        contrari
-    contrary             contrari
-    contre               contr
-    contribution         contribut
-    contributors         contributor
-    contrite             contrit
-    contriv              contriv
-    contrive             contriv
-    contrived            contriv
-    contriver            contriv
-    contrives            contriv
-    contriving           contriv
-    control              control
-    controll             control
-    controller           control
-    controlling          control
-    controlment          control
-    controls             control
-    controversy          controversi
-    contumelious         contumeli
-    contumeliously       contumeli
-    contumely            contum
-    contusions           contus
-    convenience          conveni
-    conveniences         conveni
-    conveniency          conveni
-    convenient           conveni
-    conveniently         conveni
-    convented            convent
-    conventicles         conventicl
-    convents             convent
-    convers              conver
-    conversant           convers
-    conversation         convers
-    conversations        convers
-    converse             convers
-    conversed            convers
-    converses            convers
-    conversing           convers
-    conversion           convers
-    convert              convert
-    converted            convert
-    convertest           convertest
-    converting           convert
-    convertite           convertit
-    convertites          convertit
-    converts             convert
-    convey               convei
-    conveyance           convey
-    conveyances          convey
-    conveyers            convey
-    conveying            convei
-    convict              convict
-    convicted            convict
-    convince             convinc
-    convinced            convinc
-    convinces            convinc
-    convive              conviv
-    convocation          convoc
-    convoy               convoi
-    convulsions          convuls
-    cony                 coni
-    cook                 cook
-    cookery              cookeri
-    cooks                cook
-    cool                 cool
-    cooled               cool
-    cooling              cool
-    cools                cool
-    coop                 coop
-    coops                coop
-    cop                  cop
-    copatain             copatain
-    cope                 cope
-    cophetua             cophetua
-    copied               copi
-    copies               copi
-    copious              copiou
-    copper               copper
-    copperspur           copperspur
-    coppice              coppic
-    copulation           copul
-    copulatives          copul
-    copy                 copi
-    cor                  cor
-    coragio              coragio
-    coral                coral
-    coram                coram
-    corambus             corambu
-    coranto              coranto
-    corantos             coranto
-    corbo                corbo
-    cord                 cord
-    corded               cord
-    cordelia             cordelia
-    cordial              cordial
-    cordis               cordi
-    cords                cord
-    core                 core
-    corin                corin
-    corinth              corinth
-    corinthian           corinthian
-    coriolanus           coriolanu
-    corioli              corioli
-    cork                 cork
-    corky                corki
-    cormorant            cormor
-    corn                 corn
-    cornelia             cornelia
-    cornelius            corneliu
-    corner               corner
-    corners              corner
-    cornerstone          cornerston
-    cornets              cornet
-    cornish              cornish
-    corns                corn
-    cornuto              cornuto
-    cornwall             cornwal
-    corollary            corollari
-    coronal              coron
-    coronation           coron
-    coronet              coronet
-    coronets             coronet
-    corporal             corpor
-    corporals            corpor
-    corporate            corpor
-    corpse               corps
-    corpulent            corpul
-    correct              correct
-    corrected            correct
-    correcting           correct
-    correction           correct
-    correctioner         correction
-    corrects             correct
-    correspondence       correspond
-    correspondent        correspond
-    corresponding        correspond
-    corresponsive        correspons
-    corrigible           corrig
-    corrival             corriv
-    corrivals            corriv
-    corroborate          corrobor
-    corrosive            corros
-    corrupt              corrupt
-    corrupted            corrupt
-    corrupter            corrupt
-    corrupters           corrupt
-    corruptible          corrupt
-    corruptibly          corrupt
-    corrupting           corrupt
-    corruption           corrupt
-    corruptly            corruptli
-    corrupts             corrupt
-    corse                cors
-    corses               cors
-    corslet              corslet
-    cosmo                cosmo
-    cost                 cost
-    costard              costard
-    costermongers        costermong
-    costlier             costlier
-    costly               costli
-    costs                cost
-    cot                  cot
-    cote                 cote
-    coted                cote
-    cotsall              cotsal
-    cotsole              cotsol
-    cotswold             cotswold
-    cottage              cottag
-    cottages             cottag
-    cotus                cotu
-    couch                couch
-    couched              couch
-    couching             couch
-    couchings            couch
-    coude                coud
-    cough                cough
-    coughing             cough
-    could                could
-    couldst              couldst
-    coulter              coulter
-    council              council
-    councillor           councillor
-    councils             council
-    counsel              counsel
-    counsell             counsel
-    counsellor           counsellor
-    counsellors          counsellor
-    counselor            counselor
-    counselors           counselor
-    counsels             counsel
-    count                count
-    counted              count
-    countenanc           countenanc
-    countenance          counten
-    countenances         counten
-    counter              counter
-    counterchange        counterchang
-    countercheck         countercheck
-    counterfeit          counterfeit
-    counterfeited        counterfeit
-    counterfeiting       counterfeit
-    counterfeitly        counterfeitli
-    counterfeits         counterfeit
-    countermand          countermand
-    countermands         countermand
-    countermines         countermin
-    counterpart          counterpart
-    counterpoints        counterpoint
-    counterpois          counterpoi
-    counterpoise         counterpois
-    counters             counter
-    countervail          countervail
-    countess             countess
-    countesses           countess
-    counties             counti
-    counting             count
-    countless            countless
-    countries            countri
-    countrv              countrv
-    country              countri
-    countryman           countryman
-    countrymen           countrymen
-    counts               count
-    county               counti
-    couper               couper
-    couple               coupl
-    coupled              coupl
-    couplement           couplement
-    couples              coupl
-    couplet              couplet
-    couplets             couplet
-    cour                 cour
-    courage              courag
-    courageous           courag
-    courageously         courag
-    courages             courag
-    courier              courier
-    couriers             courier
-    couronne             couronn
-    cours                cour
-    course               cours
-    coursed              cours
-    courser              courser
-    coursers             courser
-    courses              cours
-    coursing             cours
-    court                court
-    courted              court
-    courteous            courteou
-    courteously          courteous
-    courtesan            courtesan
-    courtesies           courtesi
-    courtesy             courtesi
-    courtezan            courtezan
-    courtezans           courtezan
-    courtier             courtier
-    courtiers            courtier
-    courtlike            courtlik
-    courtly              courtli
-    courtney             courtnei
-    courts               court
-    courtship            courtship
-    cousin               cousin
-    cousins              cousin
-    couterfeit           couterfeit
-    coutume              coutum
-    covenant             coven
-    covenants            coven
-    covent               covent
-    coventry             coventri
-    cover                cover
-    covered              cover
-    covering             cover
-    coverlet             coverlet
-    covers               cover
-    covert               covert
-    covertly             covertli
-    coverture            covertur
-    covet                covet
-    coveted              covet
-    coveting             covet
-    covetings            covet
-    covetous             covet
-    covetously           covet
-    covetousness         covet
-    covets               covet
-    cow                  cow
-    coward               coward
-    cowarded             coward
-    cowardice            cowardic
-    cowardly             cowardli
-    cowards              coward
-    cowardship           cowardship
-    cowish               cowish
-    cowl                 cowl
-    cowslip              cowslip
-    cowslips             cowslip
-    cox                  cox
-    coxcomb              coxcomb
-    coxcombs             coxcomb
-    coy                  coi
-    coystrill            coystril
-    coz                  coz
-    cozen                cozen
-    cozenage             cozenag
-    cozened              cozen
-    cozener              cozen
-    cozeners             cozen
-    cozening             cozen
-    coziers              cozier
-    crab                 crab
-    crabbed              crab
-    crabs                crab
-    crack                crack
-    cracked              crack
-    cracker              cracker
-    crackers             cracker
-    cracking             crack
-    cracks               crack
-    cradle               cradl
-    cradled              cradl
-    cradles              cradl
-    craft                craft
-    crafted              craft
-    craftied             crafti
-    craftier             craftier
-    craftily             craftili
-    crafts               craft
-    craftsmen            craftsmen
-    crafty               crafti
-    cram                 cram
-    cramm                cramm
-    cramp                cramp
-    cramps               cramp
-    crams                cram
-    cranking             crank
-    cranks               crank
-    cranmer              cranmer
-    crannied             cranni
-    crannies             cranni
-    cranny               cranni
-    crants               crant
-    crare                crare
-    crash                crash
-    crassus              crassu
-    crav                 crav
-    crave                crave
-    craved               crave
-    craven               craven
-    cravens              craven
-    craves               crave
-    craveth              craveth
-    craving              crave
-    crawl                crawl
-    crawling             crawl
-    crawls               crawl
-    craz                 craz
-    crazed               craze
-    crazy                crazi
-    creaking             creak
-    cream                cream
-    create               creat
-    created              creat
-    creates              creat
-    creating             creat
-    creation             creation
-    creator              creator
-    creature             creatur
-    creatures            creatur
-    credence             credenc
-    credent              credent
-    credible             credibl
-    credit               credit
-    creditor             creditor
-    creditors            creditor
-    credo                credo
-    credulity            credul
-    credulous            credul
-    creed                creed
-    creek                creek
-    creeks               creek
-    creep                creep
-    creeping             creep
-    creeps               creep
-    crept                crept
-    crescent             crescent
-    crescive             cresciv
-    cressets             cresset
-    cressid              cressid
-    cressida             cressida
-    cressids             cressid
-    cressy               cressi
-    crest                crest
-    crested              crest
-    crestfall            crestfal
-    crestless            crestless
-    crests               crest
-    cretan               cretan
-    crete                crete
-    crevice              crevic
-    crew                 crew
-    crews                crew
-    crib                 crib
-    cribb                cribb
-    cribs                crib
-    cricket              cricket
-    crickets             cricket
-    cried                cri
-    criedst              criedst
-    crier                crier
-    cries                cri
-    criest               criest
-    crieth               crieth
-    crime                crime
-    crimeful             crime
-    crimeless            crimeless
-    crimes               crime
-    criminal             crimin
-    crimson              crimson
-    cringe               cring
-    cripple              crippl
-    crisp                crisp
-    crisped              crisp
-    crispian             crispian
-    crispianus           crispianu
-    crispin              crispin
-    critic               critic
-    critical             critic
-    critics              critic
-    croak                croak
-    croaking             croak
-    croaks               croak
-    crocodile            crocodil
-    cromer               cromer
-    cromwell             cromwel
-    crone                crone
-    crook                crook
-    crookback            crookback
-    crooked              crook
-    crooking             crook
-    crop                 crop
-    cropp                cropp
-    crosby               crosbi
-    cross                cross
-    crossed              cross
-    crosses              cross
-    crossest             crossest
-    crossing             cross
-    crossings            cross
-    crossly              crossli
-    crossness            cross
-    crost                crost
-    crotchets            crotchet
-    crouch               crouch
-    crouching            crouch
-    crow                 crow
-    crowd                crowd
-    crowded              crowd
-    crowding             crowd
-    crowds               crowd
-    crowflowers          crowflow
-    crowing              crow
-    crowkeeper           crowkeep
-    crown                crown
-    crowned              crown
-    crowner              crowner
-    crownet              crownet
-    crownets             crownet
-    crowning             crown
-    crowns               crown
-    crows                crow
-    crudy                crudi
-    cruel                cruel
-    cruell               cruell
-    crueller             crueller
-    cruelly              cruelli
-    cruels               cruel
-    cruelty              cruelti
-    crum                 crum
-    crumble              crumbl
-    crumbs               crumb
-    crupper              crupper
-    crusadoes            crusado
-    crush                crush
-    crushed              crush
-    crushest             crushest
-    crushing             crush
-    crust                crust
-    crusts               crust
-    crusty               crusti
-    crutch               crutch
-    crutches             crutch
-    cry                  cry
-    crying               cry
-    crystal              crystal
-    crystalline          crystallin
-    crystals             crystal
-    cub                  cub
-    cubbert              cubbert
-    cubiculo             cubiculo
-    cubit                cubit
-    cubs                 cub
-    cuckold              cuckold
-    cuckoldly            cuckoldli
-    cuckolds             cuckold
-    cuckoo               cuckoo
-    cucullus             cucullu
-    cudgel               cudgel
-    cudgeled             cudgel
-    cudgell              cudgel
-    cudgelling           cudgel
-    cudgels              cudgel
-    cue                  cue
-    cues                 cue
-    cuff                 cuff
-    cuffs                cuff
-    cuique               cuiqu
-    cull                 cull
-    culling              cull
-    cullion              cullion
-    cullionly            cullionli
-    cullions             cullion
-    culpable             culpabl
-    culverin             culverin
-    cum                  cum
-    cumber               cumber
-    cumberland           cumberland
-    cunning              cun
-    cunningly            cunningli
-    cunnings             cun
-    cuore                cuor
-    cup                  cup
-    cupbearer            cupbear
-    cupboarding          cupboard
-    cupid                cupid
-    cupids               cupid
-    cuppele              cuppel
-    cups                 cup
-    cur                  cur
-    curan                curan
-    curate               curat
-    curb                 curb
-    curbed               curb
-    curbing              curb
-    curbs                curb
-    curd                 curd
-    curdied              curdi
-    curds                curd
-    cure                 cure
-    cured                cure
-    cureless             cureless
-    curer                curer
-    cures                cure
-    curfew               curfew
-    curing               cure
-    curio                curio
-    curiosity            curios
-    curious              curiou
-    curiously            curious
-    curl                 curl
-    curled               curl
-    curling              curl
-    curls                curl
-    currance             curranc
-    currants             currant
-    current              current
-    currents             current
-    currish              currish
-    curry                curri
-    curs                 cur
-    curse                curs
-    cursed               curs
-    curses               curs
-    cursies              cursi
-    cursing              curs
-    cursorary            cursorari
-    curst                curst
-    curster              curster
-    curstest             curstest
-    curstness            curst
-    cursy                cursi
-    curtail              curtail
-    curtain              curtain
-    curtains             curtain
-    curtal               curtal
-    curtis               curti
-    curtle               curtl
-    curtsied             curtsi
-    curtsies             curtsi
-    curtsy               curtsi
-    curvet               curvet
-    curvets              curvet
-    cushes               cush
-    cushion              cushion
-    cushions             cushion
-    custalorum           custalorum
-    custard              custard
-    custody              custodi
-    custom               custom
-    customary            customari
-    customed             custom
-    customer             custom
-    customers            custom
-    customs              custom
-    custure              custur
-    cut                  cut
-    cutler               cutler
-    cutpurse             cutpurs
-    cutpurses            cutpurs
-    cuts                 cut
-    cutter               cutter
-    cutting              cut
-    cuttle               cuttl
-    cxsar                cxsar
-    cyclops              cyclop
-    cydnus               cydnu
-    cygnet               cygnet
-    cygnets              cygnet
-    cym                  cym
-    cymbals              cymbal
-    cymbeline            cymbelin
-    cyme                 cyme
-    cynic                cynic
-    cynthia              cynthia
-    cypress              cypress
-    cypriot              cypriot
-    cyprus               cypru
-    cyrus                cyru
-    cytherea             cytherea
-    d                    d
-    dabbled              dabbl
-    dace                 dace
-    dad                  dad
-    daedalus             daedalu
-    daemon               daemon
-    daff                 daff
-    daffed               daf
-    daffest              daffest
-    daffodils            daffodil
-    dagger               dagger
-    daggers              dagger
-    dagonet              dagonet
-    daily                daili
-    daintier             daintier
-    dainties             dainti
-    daintiest            daintiest
-    daintily             daintili
-    daintiness           dainti
-    daintry              daintri
-    dainty               dainti
-    daisied              daisi
-    daisies              daisi
-    daisy                daisi
-    dale                 dale
-    dalliance            dallianc
-    dallied              dalli
-    dallies              dalli
-    dally                dalli
-    dallying             dalli
-    dalmatians           dalmatian
-    dam                  dam
-    damage               damag
-    damascus             damascu
-    damask               damask
-    damasked             damask
-    dame                 dame
-    dames                dame
-    damm                 damm
-    damn                 damn
-    damnable             damnabl
-    damnably             damnabl
-    damnation            damnat
-    damned               damn
-    damns                damn
-    damoiselle           damoisel
-    damon                damon
-    damosella            damosella
-    damp                 damp
-    dams                 dam
-    damsel               damsel
-    damsons              damson
-    dan                  dan
-    danc                 danc
-    dance                danc
-    dancer               dancer
-    dances               danc
-    dancing              danc
-    dandle               dandl
-    dandy                dandi
-    dane                 dane
-    dang                 dang
-    danger               danger
-    dangerous            danger
-    dangerously          danger
-    dangers              danger
-    dangling             dangl
-    daniel               daniel
-    danish               danish
-    dank                 dank
-    dankish              dankish
-    danskers             dansker
-    daphne               daphn
-    dappled              dappl
-    dapples              dappl
-    dar                  dar
-    dardan               dardan
-    dardanian            dardanian
-    dardanius            dardaniu
-    dare                 dare
-    dared                dare
-    dareful              dare
-    dares                dare
-    darest               darest
-    daring               dare
-    darius               dariu
-    dark                 dark
-    darken               darken
-    darkening            darken
-    darkens              darken
-    darker               darker
-    darkest              darkest
-    darkling             darkl
-    darkly               darkli
-    darkness             dark
-    darling              darl
-    darlings             darl
-    darnel               darnel
-    darraign             darraign
-    dart                 dart
-    darted               dart
-    darter               darter
-    dartford             dartford
-    darting              dart
-    darts                dart
-    dash                 dash
-    dashes               dash
-    dashing              dash
-    dastard              dastard
-    dastards             dastard
-    dat                  dat
-    datchet              datchet
-    date                 date
-    dated                date
-    dateless             dateless
-    dates                date
-    daub                 daub
-    daughter             daughter
-    daughters            daughter
-    daunt                daunt
-    daunted              daunt
-    dauntless            dauntless
-    dauphin              dauphin
-    daventry             daventri
-    davy                 davi
-    daw                  daw
-    dawn                 dawn
-    dawning              dawn
-    daws                 daw
-    day                  dai
-    daylight             daylight
-    days                 dai
-    dazzle               dazzl
-    dazzled              dazzl
-    dazzling             dazzl
-    de                   de
-    dead                 dead
-    deadly               deadli
-    deaf                 deaf
-    deafing              deaf
-    deafness             deaf
-    deafs                deaf
-    deal                 deal
-    dealer               dealer
-    dealers              dealer
-    dealest              dealest
-    dealing              deal
-    dealings             deal
-    deals                deal
-    dealt                dealt
-    dean                 dean
-    deanery              deaneri
-    dear                 dear
-    dearer               dearer
-    dearest              dearest
-    dearly               dearli
-    dearness             dear
-    dears                dear
-    dearth               dearth
-    dearths              dearth
-    death                death
-    deathbed             deathb
-    deathful             death
-    deaths               death
-    deathsman            deathsman
-    deathsmen            deathsmen
-    debarred             debar
-    debase               debas
-    debate               debat
-    debated              debat
-    debatement           debat
-    debateth             debateth
-    debating             debat
-    debauch              debauch
-    debile               debil
-    debility             debil
-    debitor              debitor
-    debonair             debonair
-    deborah              deborah
-    debosh               debosh
-    debt                 debt
-    debted               debt
-    debtor               debtor
-    debtors              debtor
-    debts                debt
-    debuty               debuti
-    decay                decai
-    decayed              decai
-    decayer              decay
-    decaying             decai
-    decays               decai
-    deceas               decea
-    decease              deceas
-    deceased             deceas
-    deceit               deceit
-    deceitful            deceit
-    deceits              deceit
-    deceiv               deceiv
-    deceivable           deceiv
-    deceive              deceiv
-    deceived             deceiv
-    deceiver             deceiv
-    deceivers            deceiv
-    deceives             deceiv
-    deceivest            deceivest
-    deceiveth            deceiveth
-    deceiving            deceiv
-    december             decemb
-    decent               decent
-    deceptious           decepti
-    decerns              decern
-    decide               decid
-    decides              decid
-    decimation           decim
-    decipher             deciph
-    deciphers            deciph
-    decision             decis
-    decius               deciu
-    deck                 deck
-    decking              deck
-    decks                deck
-    deckt                deckt
-    declare              declar
-    declares             declar
-    declension           declens
-    declensions          declens
-    declin               declin
-    decline              declin
-    declined             declin
-    declines             declin
-    declining            declin
-    decoct               decoct
-    decorum              decorum
-    decreas              decrea
-    decrease             decreas
-    decreasing           decreas
-    decree               decre
-    decreed              decre
-    decrees              decre
-    decrepit             decrepit
-    dedicate             dedic
-    dedicated            dedic
-    dedicates            dedic
-    dedication           dedic
-    deed                 deed
-    deedless             deedless
-    deeds                deed
-    deem                 deem
-    deemed               deem
-    deep                 deep
-    deeper               deeper
-    deepest              deepest
-    deeply               deepli
-    deeps                deep
-    deepvow              deepvow
-    deer                 deer
-    deesse               deess
-    defac                defac
-    deface               defac
-    defaced              defac
-    defacer              defac
-    defacers             defac
-    defacing             defac
-    defam                defam
-    default              default
-    defeat               defeat
-    defeated             defeat
-    defeats              defeat
-    defeatures           defeatur
-    defect               defect
-    defective            defect
-    defects              defect
-    defence              defenc
-    defences             defenc
-    defend               defend
-    defendant            defend
-    defended             defend
-    defender             defend
-    defenders            defend
-    defending            defend
-    defends              defend
-    defense              defens
-    defensible           defens
-    defensive            defens
-    defer                defer
-    deferr               deferr
-    defiance             defianc
-    deficient            defici
-    defied               defi
-    defies               defi
-    defil                defil
-    defile               defil
-    defiler              defil
-    defiles              defil
-    defiling             defil
-    define               defin
-    definement           defin
-    definite             definit
-    definitive           definit
-    definitively         definit
-    deflow               deflow
-    deflower             deflow
-    deflowered           deflow
-    deform               deform
-    deformed             deform
-    deformities          deform
-    deformity            deform
-    deftly               deftli
-    defunct              defunct
-    defunction           defunct
-    defuse               defus
-    defy                 defi
-    defying              defi
-    degenerate           degener
-    degraded             degrad
-    degree               degre
-    degrees              degre
-    deified              deifi
-    deifying             deifi
-    deign                deign
-    deigned              deign
-    deiphobus            deiphobu
-    deities              deiti
-    deity                deiti
-    deja                 deja
-    deject               deject
-    dejected             deject
-    delabreth            delabreth
-    delay                delai
-    delayed              delai
-    delaying             delai
-    delays               delai
-    delectable           delect
-    deliberate           deliber
-    delicate             delic
-    delicates            delic
-    delicious            delici
-    deliciousness        delici
-    delight              delight
-    delighted            delight
-    delightful           delight
-    delights             delight
-    delinquents          delinqu
-    deliv                deliv
-    deliver              deliv
-    deliverance          deliver
-    delivered            deliv
-    delivering           deliv
-    delivers             deliv
-    delivery             deliveri
-    delphos              delpho
-    deluded              delud
-    deluding             delud
-    deluge               delug
-    delve                delv
-    delver               delver
-    delves               delv
-    demand               demand
-    demanded             demand
-    demanding            demand
-    demands              demand
-    demean               demean
-    demeanor             demeanor
-    demeanour            demeanour
-    demerits             demerit
-    demesnes             demesn
-    demetrius            demetriu
-    demi                 demi
-    demigod              demigod
-    demise               demis
-    demoiselles          demoisel
-    demon                demon
-    demonstrable         demonstr
-    demonstrate          demonstr
-    demonstrated         demonstr
-    demonstrating        demonstr
-    demonstration        demonstr
-    demonstrative        demonstr
-    demure               demur
-    demurely             demur
-    demuring             demur
-    den                  den
-    denay                denai
-    deni                 deni
-    denial               denial
-    denials              denial
-    denied               deni
-    denier               denier
-    denies               deni
-    deniest              deniest
-    denis                deni
-    denmark              denmark
-    dennis               denni
-    denny                denni
-    denote               denot
-    denoted              denot
-    denotement           denot
-    denounc              denounc
-    denounce             denounc
-    denouncing           denounc
-    dens                 den
-    denunciation         denunci
-    deny                 deni
-    denying              deni
-    deo                  deo
-    depart               depart
-    departed             depart
-    departest            departest
-    departing            depart
-    departure            departur
-    depeche              depech
-    depend               depend
-    dependant            depend
-    dependants           depend
-    depended             depend
-    dependence           depend
-    dependences          depend
-    dependency           depend
-    dependent            depend
-    dependents           depend
-    depender             depend
-    depending            depend
-    depends              depend
-    deplore              deplor
-    deploring            deplor
-    depopulate           depopul
-    depos                depo
-    depose               depos
-    deposed              depos
-    deposing             depos
-    depositaries         depositari
-    deprav               deprav
-    depravation          deprav
-    deprave              deprav
-    depraved             deprav
-    depraves             deprav
-    depress              depress
-    depriv               depriv
-    deprive              depriv
-    depth                depth
-    depths               depth
-    deputation           deput
-    depute               deput
-    deputed              deput
-    deputies             deputi
-    deputing             deput
-    deputy               deputi
-    deracinate           deracin
-    derby                derbi
-    dercetas             derceta
-    dere                 dere
-    derides              derid
-    derision             deris
-    deriv                deriv
-    derivation           deriv
-    derivative           deriv
-    derive               deriv
-    derived              deriv
-    derives              deriv
-    derogate             derog
-    derogately           derog
-    derogation           derog
-    des                  de
-    desartless           desartless
-    descant              descant
-    descend              descend
-    descended            descend
-    descending           descend
-    descends             descend
-    descension           descens
-    descent              descent
-    descents             descent
-    describe             describ
-    described            describ
-    describes            describ
-    descried             descri
-    description          descript
-    descriptions         descript
-    descry               descri
-    desdemon             desdemon
-    desdemona            desdemona
-    desert               desert
-    deserts              desert
-    deserv               deserv
-    deserve              deserv
-    deserved             deserv
-    deservedly           deservedli
-    deserver             deserv
-    deservers            deserv
-    deserves             deserv
-    deservest            deservest
-    deserving            deserv
-    deservings           deserv
-    design               design
-    designment           design
-    designments          design
-    designs              design
-    desir                desir
-    desire               desir
-    desired              desir
-    desirers             desir
-    desires              desir
-    desirest             desirest
-    desiring             desir
-    desirous             desir
-    desist               desist
-    desk                 desk
-    desolate             desol
-    desolation           desol
-    desp                 desp
-    despair              despair
-    despairing           despair
-    despairs             despair
-    despatch             despatch
-    desperate            desper
-    desperately          desper
-    desperation          desper
-    despis               despi
-    despise              despis
-    despised             despis
-    despiser             despis
-    despiseth            despiseth
-    despising            despis
-    despite              despit
-    despiteful           despit
-    despoiled            despoil
-    dest                 dest
-    destin               destin
-    destined             destin
-    destinies            destini
-    destiny              destini
-    destitute            destitut
-    destroy              destroi
-    destroyed            destroi
-    destroyer            destroy
-    destroyers           destroy
-    destroying           destroi
-    destroys             destroi
-    destruction          destruct
-    destructions         destruct
-    det                  det
-    detain               detain
-    detains              detain
-    detect               detect
-    detected             detect
-    detecting            detect
-    detection            detect
-    detector             detector
-    detects              detect
-    detention            detent
-    determin             determin
-    determinate          determin
-    determination        determin
-    determinations       determin
-    determine            determin
-    determined           determin
-    determines           determin
-    detest               detest
-    detestable           detest
-    detested             detest
-    detesting            detest
-    detests              detest
-    detract              detract
-    detraction           detract
-    detractions          detract
-    deucalion            deucalion
-    deuce                deuc
-    deum                 deum
-    deux                 deux
-    devant               devant
-    devesting            devest
-    device               devic
-    devices              devic
-    devil                devil
-    devilish             devilish
-    devils               devil
-    devis                devi
-    devise               devis
-    devised              devis
-    devises              devis
-    devising             devis
-    devoid               devoid
-    devonshire           devonshir
-    devote               devot
-    devoted              devot
-    devotion             devot
-    devour               devour
-    devoured             devour
-    devourers            devour
-    devouring            devour
-    devours              devour
-    devout               devout
-    devoutly             devoutli
-    dew                  dew
-    dewberries           dewberri
-    dewdrops             dewdrop
-    dewlap               dewlap
-    dewlapp              dewlapp
-    dews                 dew
-    dewy                 dewi
-    dexter               dexter
-    dexteriously         dexteri
-    dexterity            dexter
-    di                   di
-    diable               diabl
-    diablo               diablo
-    diadem               diadem
-    dial                 dial
-    dialect              dialect
-    dialogue             dialogu
-    dialogued            dialogu
-    dials                dial
-    diameter             diamet
-    diamond              diamond
-    diamonds             diamond
-    dian                 dian
-    diana                diana
-    diaper               diaper
-    dibble               dibbl
-    dic                  dic
-    dice                 dice
-    dicers               dicer
-    dich                 dich
-    dick                 dick
-    dickens              dicken
-    dickon               dickon
-    dicky                dicki
-    dictator             dictat
-    diction              diction
-    dictynna             dictynna
-    did                  did
-    diddle               diddl
-    didest               didest
-    dido                 dido
-    didst                didst
-    die                  die
-    died                 di
-    diedst               diedst
-    dies                 di
-    diest                diest
-    diet                 diet
-    dieted               diet
-    dieter               dieter
-    dieu                 dieu
-    diff                 diff
-    differ               differ
-    difference           differ
-    differences          differ
-    differency           differ
-    different            differ
-    differing            differ
-    differs              differ
-    difficile            difficil
-    difficult            difficult
-    difficulties         difficulti
-    difficulty           difficulti
-    diffidence           diffid
-    diffidences          diffid
-    diffus               diffu
-    diffused             diffus
-    diffusest            diffusest
-    dig                  dig
-    digest               digest
-    digested             digest
-    digestion            digest
-    digestions           digest
-    digg                 digg
-    digging              dig
-    dighton              dighton
-    dignified            dignifi
-    dignifies            dignifi
-    dignify              dignifi
-    dignities            digniti
-    dignity              digniti
-    digress              digress
-    digressing           digress
-    digression           digress
-    digs                 dig
-    digt                 digt
-    dilate               dilat
-    dilated              dilat
-    dilations            dilat
-    dilatory             dilatori
-    dild                 dild
-    dildos               dildo
-    dilemma              dilemma
-    dilemmas             dilemma
-    diligence            dilig
-    diligent             dilig
-    diluculo             diluculo
-    dim                  dim
-    dimension            dimens
-    dimensions           dimens
-    diminish             diminish
-    diminishing          diminish
-    diminution           diminut
-    diminutive           diminut
-    diminutives          diminut
-    dimm                 dimm
-    dimmed               dim
-    dimming              dim
-    dimpled              dimpl
-    dimples              dimpl
-    dims                 dim
-    din                  din
-    dine                 dine
-    dined                dine
-    diner                diner
-    dines                dine
-    ding                 ding
-    dining               dine
-    dinner               dinner
-    dinners              dinner
-    dinnertime           dinnertim
-    dint                 dint
-    diomed               diom
-    diomede              diomed
-    diomedes             diomed
-    dion                 dion
-    dip                  dip
-    dipp                 dipp
-    dipping              dip
-    dips                 dip
-    dir                  dir
-    dire                 dire
-    direct               direct
-    directed             direct
-    directing            direct
-    direction            direct
-    directions           direct
-    directitude          directitud
-    directive            direct
-    directly             directli
-    directs              direct
-    direful              dire
-    direness             dire
-    direst               direst
-    dirge                dirg
-    dirges               dirg
-    dirt                 dirt
-    dirty                dirti
-    dis                  di
-    disability           disabl
-    disable              disabl
-    disabled             disabl
-    disabling            disabl
-    disadvantage         disadvantag
-    disagree             disagre
-    disallow             disallow
-    disanimates          disanim
-    disannul             disannul
-    disannuls            disannul
-    disappointed         disappoint
-    disarm               disarm
-    disarmed             disarm
-    disarmeth            disarmeth
-    disarms              disarm
-    disaster             disast
-    disasters            disast
-    disastrous           disastr
-    disbench             disbench
-    disbranch            disbranch
-    disburdened          disburden
-    disburs              disbur
-    disburse             disburs
-    disbursed            disburs
-    discandy             discandi
-    discandying          discandi
-    discard              discard
-    discarded            discard
-    discase              discas
-    discased             discas
-    discern              discern
-    discerner            discern
-    discerning           discern
-    discernings          discern
-    discerns             discern
-    discharg             discharg
-    discharge            discharg
-    discharged           discharg
-    discharging          discharg
-    discipled            discipl
-    disciples            discipl
-    disciplin            disciplin
-    discipline           disciplin
-    disciplined          disciplin
-    disciplines          disciplin
-    disclaim             disclaim
-    disclaiming          disclaim
-    disclaims            disclaim
-    disclos              disclo
-    disclose             disclos
-    disclosed            disclos
-    discloses            disclos
-    discolour            discolour
-    discoloured          discolour
-    discolours           discolour
-    discomfit            discomfit
-    discomfited          discomfit
-    discomfiture         discomfitur
-    discomfort           discomfort
-    discomfortable       discomfort
-    discommend           discommend
-    disconsolate         disconsol
-    discontent           discont
-    discontented         discont
-    discontentedly       discontentedli
-    discontenting        discont
-    discontents          discont
-    discontinue          discontinu
-    discontinued         discontinu
-    discord              discord
-    discordant           discord
-    discords             discord
-    discourse            discours
-    discoursed           discours
-    discourser           discours
-    discourses           discours
-    discoursive          discours
-    discourtesy          discourtesi
-    discov               discov
-    discover             discov
-    discovered           discov
-    discoverers          discover
-    discoveries          discoveri
-    discovering          discov
-    discovers            discov
-    discovery            discoveri
-    discredit            discredit
-    discredited          discredit
-    discredits           discredit
-    discreet             discreet
-    discreetly           discreetli
-    discretion           discret
-    discretions          discret
-    discuss              discuss
-    disdain              disdain
-    disdained            disdain
-    disdaineth           disdaineth
-    disdainful           disdain
-    disdainfully         disdainfulli
-    disdaining           disdain
-    disdains             disdain
-    disdnguish           disdnguish
-    diseas               disea
-    disease              diseas
-    diseased             diseas
-    diseases             diseas
-    disedg               disedg
-    disembark            disembark
-    disfigure            disfigur
-    disfigured           disfigur
-    disfurnish           disfurnish
-    disgorge             disgorg
-    disgrac              disgrac
-    disgrace             disgrac
-    disgraced            disgrac
-    disgraceful          disgrac
-    disgraces            disgrac
-    disgracing           disgrac
-    disgracious          disgraci
-    disguis              disgui
-    disguise             disguis
-    disguised            disguis
-    disguiser            disguis
-    disguises            disguis
-    disguising           disguis
-    dish                 dish
-    dishabited           dishabit
-    dishclout            dishclout
-    dishearten           dishearten
-    disheartens          dishearten
-    dishes               dish
-    dishonest            dishonest
-    dishonestly          dishonestli
-    dishonesty           dishonesti
-    dishonor             dishonor
-    dishonorable         dishonor
-    dishonors            dishonor
-    dishonour            dishonour
-    dishonourable        dishonour
-    dishonoured          dishonour
-    dishonours           dishonour
-    disinherit           disinherit
-    disinherited         disinherit
-    disjoin              disjoin
-    disjoining           disjoin
-    disjoins             disjoin
-    disjoint             disjoint
-    disjunction          disjunct
-    dislik               dislik
-    dislike              dislik
-    disliken             disliken
-    dislikes             dislik
-    dislimns             dislimn
-    dislocate            disloc
-    dislodg              dislodg
-    disloyal             disloy
-    disloyalty           disloyalti
-    dismal               dismal
-    dismantle            dismantl
-    dismantled           dismantl
-    dismask              dismask
-    dismay               dismai
-    dismayed             dismai
-    dismemb              dismemb
-    dismember            dismemb
-    dismes               dism
-    dismiss              dismiss
-    dismissed            dismiss
-    dismissing           dismiss
-    dismission           dismiss
-    dismount             dismount
-    dismounted           dismount
-    disnatur             disnatur
-    disobedience         disobedi
-    disobedient          disobedi
-    disobey              disobei
-    disobeys             disobei
-    disorb               disorb
-    disorder             disord
-    disordered           disord
-    disorderly           disorderli
-    disorders            disord
-    disparage            disparag
-    disparagement        disparag
-    disparagements       disparag
-    dispark              dispark
-    dispatch             dispatch
-    dispensation         dispens
-    dispense             dispens
-    dispenses            dispens
-    dispers              disper
-    disperse             dispers
-    dispersed            dispers
-    dispersedly          dispersedli
-    dispersing           dispers
-    dispiteous           dispit
-    displac              displac
-    displace             displac
-    displaced            displac
-    displant             displant
-    displanting          displant
-    display              displai
-    displayed            displai
-    displeas             displea
-    displease            displeas
-    displeased           displeas
-    displeasing          displeas
-    displeasure          displeasur
-    displeasures         displeasur
-    disponge             dispong
-    disport              disport
-    disports             disport
-    dispos               dispo
-    dispose              dispos
-    disposed             dispos
-    disposer             dispos
-    disposing            dispos
-    disposition          disposit
-    dispositions         disposit
-    dispossess           dispossess
-    dispossessing        dispossess
-    disprais             disprai
-    dispraise            disprais
-    dispraising          disprais
-    dispraisingly        dispraisingli
-    dispropertied        disproperti
-    disproportion        disproport
-    disproportioned      disproport
-    disprov              disprov
-    disprove             disprov
-    disproved            disprov
-    dispursed            dispurs
-    disputable           disput
-    disputation          disput
-    disputations         disput
-    dispute              disput
-    disputed             disput
-    disputes             disput
-    disputing            disput
-    disquantity          disquant
-    disquiet             disquiet
-    disquietly           disquietli
-    disrelish            disrelish
-    disrobe              disrob
-    disseat              disseat
-    dissemble            dissembl
-    dissembled           dissembl
-    dissembler           dissembl
-    dissemblers          dissembl
-    dissembling          dissembl
-    dissembly            dissembl
-    dissension           dissens
-    dissensions          dissens
-    dissentious          dissenti
-    dissever             dissev
-    dissipation          dissip
-    dissolute            dissolut
-    dissolutely          dissolut
-    dissolution          dissolut
-    dissolutions         dissolut
-    dissolv              dissolv
-    dissolve             dissolv
-    dissolved            dissolv
-    dissolves            dissolv
-    dissuade             dissuad
-    dissuaded            dissuad
-    distaff              distaff
-    distaffs             distaff
-    distain              distain
-    distains             distain
-    distance             distanc
-    distant              distant
-    distaste             distast
-    distasted            distast
-    distasteful          distast
-    distemp              distemp
-    distemper            distemp
-    distemperature       distemperatur
-    distemperatures      distemperatur
-    distempered          distemp
-    distempering         distemp
-    distil               distil
-    distill              distil
-    distillation         distil
-    distilled            distil
-    distills             distil
-    distilment           distil
-    distinct             distinct
-    distinction          distinct
-    distinctly           distinctli
-    distingue            distingu
-    distinguish          distinguish
-    distinguishes        distinguish
-    distinguishment      distinguish
-    distract             distract
-    distracted           distract
-    distractedly         distractedli
-    distraction          distract
-    distractions         distract
-    distracts            distract
-    distrain             distrain
-    distraught           distraught
-    distress             distress
-    distressed           distress
-    distresses           distress
-    distressful          distress
-    distribute           distribut
-    distributed          distribut
-    distribution         distribut
-    distrust             distrust
-    distrustful          distrust
-    disturb              disturb
-    disturbed            disturb
-    disturbers           disturb
-    disturbing           disturb
-    disunite             disunit
-    disvalued            disvalu
-    disvouch             disvouch
-    dit                  dit
-    ditch                ditch
-    ditchers             ditcher
-    ditches              ditch
-    dites                dite
-    ditties              ditti
-    ditty                ditti
-    diurnal              diurnal
-    div                  div
-    dive                 dive
-    diver                diver
-    divers               diver
-    diversely            divers
-    diversity            divers
-    divert               divert
-    diverted             divert
-    diverts              divert
-    dives                dive
-    divest               divest
-    dividable            divid
-    dividant             divid
-    divide               divid
-    divided              divid
-    divides              divid
-    divideth             divideth
-    divin                divin
-    divination           divin
-    divine               divin
-    divinely             divin
-    divineness           divin
-    diviner              divin
-    divines              divin
-    divinest             divinest
-    divining             divin
-    divinity             divin
-    division             divis
-    divisions            divis
-    divorc               divorc
-    divorce              divorc
-    divorced             divorc
-    divorcement          divorc
-    divorcing            divorc
-    divulg               divulg
-    divulge              divulg
-    divulged             divulg
-    divulging            divulg
-    dizy                 dizi
-    dizzy                dizzi
-    do                   do
-    doating              doat
-    dobbin               dobbin
-    dock                 dock
-    docks                dock
-    doct                 doct
-    doctor               doctor
-    doctors              doctor
-    doctrine             doctrin
-    document             document
-    dodge                dodg
-    doe                  doe
-    doer                 doer
-    doers                doer
-    does                 doe
-    doest                doest
-    doff                 doff
-    dog                  dog
-    dogberry             dogberri
-    dogfish              dogfish
-    dogg                 dogg
-    dogged               dog
-    dogs                 dog
-    doigts               doigt
-    doing                do
-    doings               do
-    doit                 doit
-    doits                doit
-    dolabella            dolabella
-    dole                 dole
-    doleful              dole
-    doll                 doll
-    dollar               dollar
-    dollars              dollar
-    dolor                dolor
-    dolorous             dolor
-    dolour               dolour
-    dolours              dolour
-    dolphin              dolphin
-    dolt                 dolt
-    dolts                dolt
-    domestic             domest
-    domestics            domest
-    dominance            domin
-    dominations          domin
-    dominator            domin
-    domine               domin
-    domineer             domin
-    domineering          domin
-    dominical            domin
-    dominion             dominion
-    dominions            dominion
-    domitius             domitiu
-    dommelton            dommelton
-    don                  don
-    donalbain            donalbain
-    donation             donat
-    donc                 donc
-    doncaster            doncast
-    done                 done
-    dong                 dong
-    donn                 donn
-    donne                donn
-    donner               donner
-    donnerai             donnerai
-    doom                 doom
-    doomsday             doomsdai
-    door                 door
-    doorkeeper           doorkeep
-    doors                door
-    dorcas               dorca
-    doreus               doreu
-    doricles             doricl
-    dormouse             dormous
-    dorothy              dorothi
-    dorset               dorset
-    dorsetshire          dorsetshir
-    dost                 dost
-    dotage               dotag
-    dotant               dotant
-    dotard               dotard
-    dotards              dotard
-    dote                 dote
-    doted                dote
-    doters               doter
-    dotes                dote
-    doteth               doteth
-    doth                 doth
-    doting               dote
-    double               doubl
-    doubled              doubl
-    doubleness           doubl
-    doubler              doubler
-    doublet              doublet
-    doublets             doublet
-    doubling             doubl
-    doubly               doubli
-    doubt                doubt
-    doubted              doubt
-    doubtful             doubt
-    doubtfully           doubtfulli
-    doubting             doubt
-    doubtless            doubtless
-    doubts               doubt
-    doug                 doug
-    dough                dough
-    doughty              doughti
-    doughy               doughi
-    douglas              dougla
-    dout                 dout
-    doute                dout
-    douts                dout
-    dove                 dove
-    dovehouse            dovehous
-    dover                dover
-    doves                dove
-    dow                  dow
-    dowager              dowag
-    dowdy                dowdi
-    dower                dower
-    dowerless            dowerless
-    dowers               dower
-    dowlas               dowla
-    dowle                dowl
-    down                 down
-    downfall             downfal
-    downright            downright
-    downs                down
-    downstairs           downstair
-    downtrod             downtrod
-    downward             downward
-    downwards            downward
-    downy                downi
-    dowries              dowri
-    dowry                dowri
-    dowsabel             dowsabel
-    doxy                 doxi
-    dozed                doze
-    dozen                dozen
-    dozens               dozen
-    dozy                 dozi
-    drab                 drab
-    drabbing             drab
-    drabs                drab
-    drachma              drachma
-    drachmas             drachma
-    draff                draff
-    drag                 drag
-    dragg                dragg
-    dragged              drag
-    dragging             drag
-    dragon               dragon
-    dragonish            dragonish
-    dragons              dragon
-    drain                drain
-    drained              drain
-    drains               drain
-    drake                drake
-    dram                 dram
-    dramatis             dramati
-    drank                drank
-    draught              draught
-    draughts             draught
-    drave                drave
-    draw                 draw
-    drawbridge           drawbridg
-    drawer               drawer
-    drawers              drawer
-    draweth              draweth
-    drawing              draw
-    drawling             drawl
-    drawn                drawn
-    draws                draw
-    drayman              drayman
-    draymen              draymen
-    dread                dread
-    dreaded              dread
-    dreadful             dread
-    dreadfully           dreadfulli
-    dreading             dread
-    dreads               dread
-    dream                dream
-    dreamer              dreamer
-    dreamers             dreamer
-    dreaming             dream
-    dreams               dream
-    dreamt               dreamt
-    drearning            drearn
-    dreary               dreari
-    dreg                 dreg
-    dregs                dreg
-    drench               drench
-    drenched             drench
-    dress                dress
-    dressed              dress
-    dresser              dresser
-    dressing             dress
-    dressings            dress
-    drest                drest
-    drew                 drew
-    dribbling            dribbl
-    dried                dri
-    drier                drier
-    dries                dri
-    drift                drift
-    drily                drili
-    drink                drink
-    drinketh             drinketh
-    drinking             drink
-    drinkings            drink
-    drinks               drink
-    driv                 driv
-    drive                drive
-    drivelling           drivel
-    driven               driven
-    drives               drive
-    driveth              driveth
-    driving              drive
-    drizzle              drizzl
-    drizzled             drizzl
-    drizzles             drizzl
-    droit                droit
-    drollery             drolleri
-    dromio               dromio
-    dromios              dromio
-    drone                drone
-    drones               drone
-    droop                droop
-    droopeth             droopeth
-    drooping             droop
-    droops               droop
-    drop                 drop
-    dropheir             dropheir
-    droplets             droplet
-    dropp                dropp
-    dropper              dropper
-    droppeth             droppeth
-    dropping             drop
-    droppings            drop
-    drops                drop
-    dropsied             dropsi
-    dropsies             dropsi
-    dropsy               dropsi
-    dropt                dropt
-    dross                dross
-    drossy               drossi
-    drought              drought
-    drove                drove
-    droven               droven
-    drovier              drovier
-    drown                drown
-    drowned              drown
-    drowning             drown
-    drowns               drown
-    drows                drow
-    drowse               drows
-    drowsily             drowsili
-    drowsiness           drowsi
-    drowsy               drowsi
-    drudge               drudg
-    drudgery             drudgeri
-    drudges              drudg
-    drug                 drug
-    drugg                drugg
-    drugs                drug
-    drum                 drum
-    drumble              drumbl
-    drummer              drummer
-    drumming             drum
-    drums                drum
-    drunk                drunk
-    drunkard             drunkard
-    drunkards            drunkard
-    drunken              drunken
-    drunkenly            drunkenli
-    drunkenness          drunken
-    dry                  dry
-    dryness              dryness
-    dst                  dst
-    du                   du
-    dub                  dub
-    dubb                 dubb
-    ducat                ducat
-    ducats               ducat
-    ducdame              ducdam
-    duchess              duchess
-    duchies              duchi
-    duchy                duchi
-    duck                 duck
-    ducking              duck
-    ducks                duck
-    dudgeon              dudgeon
-    due                  due
-    duellist             duellist
-    duello               duello
-    duer                 duer
-    dues                 due
-    duff                 duff
-    dug                  dug
-    dugs                 dug
-    duke                 duke
-    dukedom              dukedom
-    dukedoms             dukedom
-    dukes                duke
-    dulcet               dulcet
-    dulche               dulch
-    dull                 dull
-    dullard              dullard
-    duller               duller
-    dullest              dullest
-    dulling              dull
-    dullness             dull
-    dulls                dull
-    dully                dulli
-    dulness              dul
-    duly                 duli
-    dumain               dumain
-    dumb                 dumb
-    dumbe                dumb
-    dumbly               dumbl
-    dumbness             dumb
-    dump                 dump
-    dumps                dump
-    dun                  dun
-    duncan               duncan
-    dung                 dung
-    dungeon              dungeon
-    dungeons             dungeon
-    dunghill             dunghil
-    dunghills            dunghil
-    dungy                dungi
-    dunnest              dunnest
-    dunsinane            dunsinan
-    dunsmore             dunsmor
-    dunstable            dunstabl
-    dupp                 dupp
-    durance              duranc
-    during               dure
-    durst                durst
-    dusky                duski
-    dust                 dust
-    dusted               dust
-    dusty                dusti
-    dutch                dutch
-    dutchman             dutchman
-    duteous              duteou
-    duties               duti
-    dutiful              duti
-    duty                 duti
-    dwarf                dwarf
-    dwarfish             dwarfish
-    dwell                dwell
-    dwellers             dweller
-    dwelling             dwell
-    dwells               dwell
-    dwelt                dwelt
-    dwindle              dwindl
-    dy                   dy
-    dye                  dye
-    dyed                 dy
-    dyer                 dyer
-    dying                dy
-    e                    e
-    each                 each
-    eager                eager
-    eagerly              eagerli
-    eagerness            eager
-    eagle                eagl
-    eagles               eagl
-    eaning               ean
-    eanlings             eanl
-    ear                  ear
-    earing               ear
-    earl                 earl
-    earldom              earldom
-    earlier              earlier
-    earliest             earliest
-    earliness            earli
-    earls                earl
-    early                earli
-    earn                 earn
-    earned               earn
-    earnest              earnest
-    earnestly            earnestli
-    earnestness          earnest
-    earns                earn
-    ears                 ear
-    earth                earth
-    earthen              earthen
-    earthlier            earthlier
-    earthly              earthli
-    earthquake           earthquak
-    earthquakes          earthquak
-    earthy               earthi
-    eas                  ea
-    ease                 eas
-    eased                eas
-    easeful              eas
-    eases                eas
-    easier               easier
-    easiest              easiest
-    easiliest            easiliest
-    easily               easili
-    easiness             easi
-    easing               eas
-    east                 east
-    eastcheap            eastcheap
-    easter               easter
-    eastern              eastern
-    eastward             eastward
-    easy                 easi
-    eat                  eat
-    eaten                eaten
-    eater                eater
-    eaters               eater
-    eating               eat
-    eats                 eat
-    eaux                 eaux
-    eaves                eav
-    ebb                  ebb
-    ebbing               eb
-    ebbs                 ebb
-    ebon                 ebon
-    ebony                eboni
-    ebrew                ebrew
-    ecce                 ecc
-    echapper             echapp
-    echo                 echo
-    echoes               echo
-    eclips               eclip
-    eclipse              eclips
-    eclipses             eclips
-    ecolier              ecoli
-    ecoutez              ecoutez
-    ecstacy              ecstaci
-    ecstasies            ecstasi
-    ecstasy              ecstasi
-    ecus                 ecu
-    eden                 eden
-    edg                  edg
-    edgar                edgar
-    edge                 edg
-    edged                edg
-    edgeless             edgeless
-    edges                edg
-    edict                edict
-    edicts               edict
-    edifice              edific
-    edifices             edific
-    edified              edifi
-    edifies              edifi
-    edition              edit
-    edm                  edm
-    edmund               edmund
-    edmunds              edmund
-    edmundsbury          edmundsburi
-    educate              educ
-    educated             educ
-    education            educ
-    edward               edward
-    eel                  eel
-    eels                 eel
-    effect               effect
-    effected             effect
-    effectless           effectless
-    effects              effect
-    effectual            effectu
-    effectually          effectu
-    effeminate           effemin
-    effigies             effigi
-    effus                effu
-    effuse               effus
-    effusion             effus
-    eftest               eftest
-    egal                 egal
-    egally               egal
-    eget                 eget
-    egeus                egeu
-    egg                  egg
-    eggs                 egg
-    eggshell             eggshel
-    eglamour             eglamour
-    eglantine            eglantin
-    egma                 egma
-    ego                  ego
-    egregious            egregi
-    egregiously          egregi
-    egress               egress
-    egypt                egypt
-    egyptian             egyptian
-    egyptians            egyptian
-    eie                  eie
-    eight                eight
-    eighteen             eighteen
-    eighth               eighth
-    eightpenny           eightpenni
-    eighty               eighti
-    eisel                eisel
-    either               either
-    eject                eject
-    eke                  ek
-    el                   el
-    elbe                 elb
-    elbow                elbow
-    elbows               elbow
-    eld                  eld
-    elder                elder
-    elders               elder
-    eldest               eldest
-    eleanor              eleanor
-    elect                elect
-    elected              elect
-    election             elect
-    elegancy             eleg
-    elegies              elegi
-    element              element
-    elements             element
-    elephant             eleph
-    elephants            eleph
-    elevated             elev
-    eleven               eleven
-    eleventh             eleventh
-    elf                  elf
-    elflocks             elflock
-    eliads               eliad
-    elinor               elinor
-    elizabeth            elizabeth
-    ell                  ell
-    elle                 ell
-    ellen                ellen
-    elm                  elm
-    eloquence            eloqu
-    eloquent             eloqu
-    else                 els
-    elsewhere            elsewher
-    elsinore             elsinor
-    eltham               eltham
-    elves                elv
-    elvish               elvish
-    ely                  eli
-    elysium              elysium
-    em                   em
-    emballing            embal
-    embalm               embalm
-    embalms              embalm
-    embark               embark
-    embarked             embark
-    embarquements        embarqu
-    embassade            embassad
-    embassage            embassag
-    embassies            embassi
-    embassy              embassi
-    embattailed          embattail
-    embattl              embattl
-    embattle             embattl
-    embay                embai
-    embellished          embellish
-    embers               ember
-    emblaze              emblaz
-    emblem               emblem
-    emblems              emblem
-    embodied             embodi
-    embold               embold
-    emboldens            embolden
-    emboss               emboss
-    embossed             emboss
-    embounded            embound
-    embowel              embowel
-    embowell             embowel
-    embrac               embrac
-    embrace              embrac
-    embraced             embrac
-    embracement          embrac
-    embracements         embrac
-    embraces             embrac
-    embracing            embrac
-    embrasures           embrasur
-    embroider            embroid
-    embroidery           embroideri
-    emhracing            emhrac
-    emilia               emilia
-    eminence             emin
-    eminent              emin
-    eminently            emin
-    emmanuel             emmanuel
-    emnity               emniti
-    empale               empal
-    emperal              emper
-    emperess             emperess
-    emperial             emperi
-    emperor              emperor
-    empery               emperi
-    emphasis             emphasi
-    empire               empir
-    empirics             empir
-    empiricutic          empiricut
-    empleached           empleach
-    employ               emploi
-    employed             emploi
-    employer             employ
-    employment           employ
-    employments          employ
-    empoison             empoison
-    empress              empress
-    emptied              empti
-    emptier              emptier
-    empties              empti
-    emptiness            empti
-    empty                empti
-    emptying             empti
-    emulate              emul
-    emulation            emul
-    emulations           emul
-    emulator             emul
-    emulous              emul
-    en                   en
-    enact                enact
-    enacted              enact
-    enacts               enact
-    enactures            enactur
-    enamell              enamel
-    enamelled            enamel
-    enamour              enamour
-    enamoured            enamour
-    enanmour             enanmour
-    encamp               encamp
-    encamped             encamp
-    encave               encav
-    enceladus            enceladu
-    enchaf               enchaf
-    enchafed             enchaf
-    enchant              enchant
-    enchanted            enchant
-    enchanting           enchant
-    enchantingly         enchantingli
-    enchantment          enchant
-    enchantress          enchantress
-    enchants             enchant
-    enchas               encha
-    encircle             encircl
-    encircled            encircl
-    enclos               enclo
-    enclose              enclos
-    enclosed             enclos
-    encloses             enclos
-    encloseth            encloseth
-    enclosing            enclos
-    enclouded            encloud
-    encompass            encompass
-    encompassed          encompass
-    encompasseth         encompasseth
-    encompassment        encompass
-    encore               encor
-    encorporal           encorpor
-    encount              encount
-    encounter            encount
-    encountered          encount
-    encounters           encount
-    encourage            encourag
-    encouraged           encourag
-    encouragement        encourag
-    encrimsoned          encrimson
-    encroaching          encroach
-    encumb               encumb
-    end                  end
-    endamage             endamag
-    endamagement         endamag
-    endanger             endang
-    endart               endart
-    endear               endear
-    endeared             endear
-    endeavour            endeavour
-    endeavours           endeavour
-    ended                end
-    ender                ender
-    ending               end
-    endings              end
-    endite               endit
-    endless              endless
-    endow                endow
-    endowed              endow
-    endowments           endow
-    endows               endow
-    ends                 end
-    endu                 endu
-    endue                endu
-    endur                endur
-    endurance            endur
-    endure               endur
-    endured              endur
-    endures              endur
-    enduring             endur
-    endymion             endymion
-    eneas                enea
-    enemies              enemi
-    enemy                enemi
-    enernies             enerni
-    enew                 enew
-    enfeebled            enfeebl
-    enfeebles            enfeebl
-    enfeoff              enfeoff
-    enfetter             enfett
-    enfoldings           enfold
-    enforc               enforc
-    enforce              enforc
-    enforced             enforc
-    enforcedly           enforcedli
-    enforcement          enforc
-    enforces             enforc
-    enforcest            enforcest
-    enfranched           enfranch
-    enfranchis           enfranchi
-    enfranchise          enfranchis
-    enfranchised         enfranchis
-    enfranchisement      enfranchis
-    enfreed              enfre
-    enfreedoming         enfreedom
-    engag                engag
-    engage               engag
-    engaged              engag
-    engagements          engag
-    engaging             engag
-    engaol               engaol
-    engend               engend
-    engender             engend
-    engenders            engend
-    engilds              engild
-    engine               engin
-    engineer             engin
-    enginer              engin
-    engines              engin
-    engirt               engirt
-    england              england
-    english              english
-    englishman           englishman
-    englishmen           englishmen
-    engluts              englut
-    englutted            englut
-    engraffed            engraf
-    engraft              engraft
-    engrafted            engraft
-    engrav               engrav
-    engrave              engrav
-    engross              engross
-    engrossed            engross
-    engrossest           engrossest
-    engrossing           engross
-    engrossments         engross
-    enguard              enguard
-    enigma               enigma
-    enigmatical          enigmat
-    enjoin               enjoin
-    enjoined             enjoin
-    enjoy                enjoi
-    enjoyed              enjoi
-    enjoyer              enjoy
-    enjoying             enjoi
-    enjoys               enjoi
-    enkindle             enkindl
-    enkindled            enkindl
-    enlard               enlard
-    enlarg               enlarg
-    enlarge              enlarg
-    enlarged             enlarg
-    enlargement          enlarg
-    enlargeth            enlargeth
-    enlighten            enlighten
-    enlink               enlink
-    enmesh               enmesh
-    enmities             enmiti
-    enmity               enmiti
-    ennoble              ennobl
-    ennobled             ennobl
-    enobarb              enobarb
-    enobarbus            enobarbu
-    enon                 enon
-    enormity             enorm
-    enormous             enorm
-    enough               enough
-    enow                 enow
-    enpatron             enpatron
-    enpierced            enpierc
-    enquir               enquir
-    enquire              enquir
-    enquired             enquir
-    enrag                enrag
-    enrage               enrag
-    enraged              enrag
-    enrages              enrag
-    enrank               enrank
-    enrapt               enrapt
-    enrich               enrich
-    enriched             enrich
-    enriches             enrich
-    enridged             enridg
-    enrings              enr
-    enrob                enrob
-    enrobe               enrob
-    enroll               enrol
-    enrolled             enrol
-    enrooted             enroot
-    enrounded            enround
-    enschedul            enschedul
-    ensconce             ensconc
-    ensconcing           ensconc
-    enseamed             enseam
-    ensear               ensear
-    enseigne             enseign
-    enseignez            enseignez
-    ensemble             ensembl
-    enshelter            enshelt
-    enshielded           enshield
-    enshrines            enshrin
-    ensign               ensign
-    ensigns              ensign
-    enskied              enski
-    ensman               ensman
-    ensnare              ensnar
-    ensnared             ensnar
-    ensnareth            ensnareth
-    ensteep              ensteep
-    ensu                 ensu
-    ensue                ensu
-    ensued               ensu
-    ensues               ensu
-    ensuing              ensu
-    enswathed            enswath
-    ent                  ent
-    entail               entail
-    entame               entam
-    entangled            entangl
-    entangles            entangl
-    entendre             entendr
-    enter                enter
-    entered              enter
-    entering             enter
-    enterprise           enterpris
-    enterprises          enterpris
-    enters               enter
-    entertain            entertain
-    entertained          entertain
-    entertainer          entertain
-    entertaining         entertain
-    entertainment        entertain
-    entertainments       entertain
-    enthrall             enthral
-    enthralled           enthral
-    enthron              enthron
-    enthroned            enthron
-    entice               entic
-    enticements          entic
-    enticing             entic
-    entire               entir
-    entirely             entir
-    entitle              entitl
-    entitled             entitl
-    entitling            entitl
-    entomb               entomb
-    entombed             entomb
-    entrails             entrail
-    entrance             entranc
-    entrances            entranc
-    entrap               entrap
-    entrapp              entrapp
-    entre                entr
-    entreat              entreat
-    entreated            entreat
-    entreaties           entreati
-    entreating           entreat
-    entreatments         entreat
-    entreats             entreat
-    entreaty             entreati
-    entrench             entrench
-    entry                entri
-    entwist              entwist
-    envelop              envelop
-    envenom              envenom
-    envenomed            envenom
-    envenoms             envenom
-    envied               envi
-    envies               envi
-    envious              enviou
-    enviously            envious
-    environ              environ
-    environed            environ
-    envoy                envoi
-    envy                 envi
-    envying              envi
-    enwheel              enwheel
-    enwombed             enwomb
-    enwraps              enwrap
-    ephesian             ephesian
-    ephesians            ephesian
-    ephesus              ephesu
-    epicure              epicur
-    epicurean            epicurean
-    epicures             epicur
-    epicurism            epicur
-    epicurus             epicuru
-    epidamnum            epidamnum
-    epidaurus            epidauru
-    epigram              epigram
-    epilepsy             epilepsi
-    epileptic            epilept
-    epilogue             epilogu
-    epilogues            epilogu
-    epistles             epistl
-    epistrophus          epistrophu
-    epitaph              epitaph
-    epitaphs             epitaph
-    epithet              epithet
-    epitheton            epitheton
-    epithets             epithet
-    epitome              epitom
-    equal                equal
-    equalities           equal
-    equality             equal
-    equall               equal
-    equally              equal
-    equalness            equal
-    equals               equal
-    equinoctial          equinocti
-    equinox              equinox
-    equipage             equipag
-    equity               equiti
-    equivocal            equivoc
-    equivocate           equivoc
-    equivocates          equivoc
-    equivocation         equivoc
-    equivocator          equivoc
-    er                   er
-    erbear               erbear
-    erbearing            erbear
-    erbears              erbear
-    erbeat               erbeat
-    erblows              erblow
-    erboard              erboard
-    erborne              erborn
-    ercame               ercam
-    ercast               ercast
-    ercharg              ercharg
-    ercharged            ercharg
-    ercharging           ercharg
-    ercles               ercl
-    ercome               ercom
-    ercover              ercov
-    ercrows              ercrow
-    erdoing              erdo
-    ere                  er
-    erebus               erebu
-    erect                erect
-    erected              erect
-    erecting             erect
-    erection             erect
-    erects               erect
-    erewhile             erewhil
-    erflourish           erflourish
-    erflow               erflow
-    erflowing            erflow
-    erflows              erflow
-    erfraught            erfraught
-    erga                 erga
-    ergalled             ergal
-    erglanced            erglanc
-    ergo                 ergo
-    ergone               ergon
-    ergrow               ergrow
-    ergrown              ergrown
-    ergrowth             ergrowth
-    erhang               erhang
-    erhanging            erhang
-    erhasty              erhasti
-    erhear               erhear
-    erheard              erheard
-    eringoes             eringo
-    erjoy                erjoi
-    erleap               erleap
-    erleaps              erleap
-    erleavens            erleaven
-    erlook               erlook
-    erlooking            erlook
-    ermaster             ermast
-    ermengare            ermengar
-    ermount              ermount
-    ern                  ern
-    ernight              ernight
-    eros                 ero
-    erpaid               erpaid
-    erparted             erpart
-    erpast               erpast
-    erpays               erpai
-    erpeer               erpeer
-    erperch              erperch
-    erpicturing          erpictur
-    erpingham            erpingham
-    erposting            erpost
-    erpow                erpow
-    erpress              erpress
-    erpressed            erpress
-    err                  err
-    errand               errand
-    errands              errand
-    errant               errant
-    errate               errat
-    erraught             erraught
-    erreaches            erreach
-    erred                er
-    errest               errest
-    erring               er
-    erroneous            erron
-    error                error
-    errors               error
-    errs                 err
-    errule               errul
-    errun                errun
-    erset                erset
-    ershade              ershad
-    ershades             ershad
-    ershine              ershin
-    ershot               ershot
-    ersized              ersiz
-    erskip               erskip
-    erslips              erslip
-    erspreads            erspread
-    erst                 erst
-    erstare              erstar
-    erstep               erstep
-    erstunk              erstunk
-    ersway               erswai
-    ersways              erswai
-    erswell              erswel
-    erta                 erta
-    ertake               ertak
-    erteemed             erteem
-    erthrow              erthrow
-    erthrown             erthrown
-    erthrows             erthrow
-    ertook               ertook
-    ertop                ertop
-    ertopping            ertop
-    ertrip               ertrip
-    erturn               erturn
-    erudition            erudit
-    eruption             erupt
-    eruptions            erupt
-    ervalues             ervalu
-    erwalk               erwalk
-    erwatch              erwatch
-    erween               erween
-    erweens              erween
-    erweigh              erweigh
-    erweighs             erweigh
-    erwhelm              erwhelm
-    erwhelmed            erwhelm
-    erworn               erworn
-    es                   es
-    escalus              escalu
-    escap                escap
-    escape               escap
-    escaped              escap
-    escapes              escap
-    eschew               eschew
-    escoted              escot
-    esill                esil
-    especial             especi
-    especially           especi
-    esperance            esper
-    espials              espial
-    espied               espi
-    espies               espi
-    espous               espou
-    espouse              espous
-    espy                 espi
-    esquire              esquir
-    esquires             esquir
-    essay                essai
-    essays               essai
-    essence              essenc
-    essential            essenti
-    essentially          essenti
-    esses                ess
-    essex                essex
-    est                  est
-    establish            establish
-    established          establish
-    estate               estat
-    estates              estat
-    esteem               esteem
-    esteemed             esteem
-    esteemeth            esteemeth
-    esteeming            esteem
-    esteems              esteem
-    estimable            estim
-    estimate             estim
-    estimation           estim
-    estimations          estim
-    estime               estim
-    estranged            estrang
-    estridge             estridg
-    estridges            estridg
-    et                   et
-    etc                  etc
-    etceteras            etcetera
-    ete                  et
-    eternal              etern
-    eternally            etern
-    eterne               etern
-    eternity             etern
-    eterniz              eterniz
-    etes                 et
-    ethiop               ethiop
-    ethiope              ethiop
-    ethiopes             ethiop
-    ethiopian            ethiopian
-    etna                 etna
-    eton                 eton
-    etre                 etr
-    eunuch               eunuch
-    eunuchs              eunuch
-    euphrates            euphrat
-    euphronius           euphroniu
-    euriphile            euriphil
-    europa               europa
-    europe               europ
-    ev                   ev
-    evade                evad
-    evades               evad
-    evans                evan
-    evasion              evas
-    evasions             evas
-    eve                  ev
-    even                 even
-    evening              even
-    evenly               evenli
-    event                event
-    eventful             event
-    events               event
-    ever                 ever
-    everlasting          everlast
-    everlastingly        everlastingli
-    evermore             evermor
-    every                everi
-    everyone             everyon
-    everything           everyth
-    everywhere           everywher
-    evidence             evid
-    evidences            evid
-    evident              evid
-    evil                 evil
-    evilly               evilli
-    evils                evil
-    evitate              evit
-    ewe                  ew
-    ewer                 ewer
-    ewers                ewer
-    ewes                 ew
-    exact                exact
-    exacted              exact
-    exactest             exactest
-    exacting             exact
-    exaction             exact
-    exactions            exact
-    exactly              exactli
-    exacts               exact
-    exalt                exalt
-    exalted              exalt
-    examin               examin
-    examination          examin
-    examinations         examin
-    examine              examin
-    examined             examin
-    examines             examin
-    exampl               exampl
-    example              exampl
-    exampled             exampl
-    examples             exampl
-    exasperate           exasper
-    exasperates          exasper
-    exceed               exce
-    exceeded             exceed
-    exceedeth            exceedeth
-    exceeding            exceed
-    exceedingly          exceedingli
-    exceeds              exce
-    excel                excel
-    excelled             excel
-    excellence           excel
-    excellencies         excel
-    excellency           excel
-    excellent            excel
-    excellently          excel
-    excelling            excel
-    excels               excel
-    except               except
-    excepted             except
-    excepting            except
-    exception            except
-    exceptions           except
-    exceptless           exceptless
-    excess               excess
-    excessive            excess
-    exchang              exchang
-    exchange             exchang
-    exchanged            exchang
-    exchequer            exchequ
-    exchequers           exchequ
-    excite               excit
-    excited              excit
-    excitements          excit
-    excites              excit
-    exclaim              exclaim
-    exclaims             exclaim
-    exclamation          exclam
-    exclamations         exclam
-    excludes             exclud
-    excommunicate        excommun
-    excommunication      excommun
-    excrement            excrement
-    excrements           excrement
-    excursion            excurs
-    excursions           excurs
-    excus                excu
-    excusable            excus
-    excuse               excus
-    excused              excus
-    excuses              excus
-    excusez              excusez
-    excusing             excus
-    execrable            execr
-    execrations          execr
-    execute              execut
-    executed             execut
-    executing            execut
-    execution            execut
-    executioner          execution
-    executioners         execution
-    executor             executor
-    executors            executor
-    exempt               exempt
-    exempted             exempt
-    exequies             exequi
-    exercise             exercis
-    exercises            exercis
-    exeter               exet
-    exeunt               exeunt
-    exhal                exhal
-    exhalation           exhal
-    exhalations          exhal
-    exhale               exhal
-    exhales              exhal
-    exhaust              exhaust
-    exhibit              exhibit
-    exhibiters           exhibit
-    exhibition           exhibit
-    exhort               exhort
-    exhortation          exhort
-    exigent              exig
-    exil                 exil
-    exile                exil
-    exiled               exil
-    exion                exion
-    exist                exist
-    exists               exist
-    exit                 exit
-    exits                exit
-    exorciser            exorcis
-    exorcisms            exorc
-    exorcist             exorcist
-    expect               expect
-    expectance           expect
-    expectancy           expect
-    expectation          expect
-    expectations         expect
-    expected             expect
-    expecters            expect
-    expecting            expect
-    expects              expect
-    expedience           expedi
-    expedient            expedi
-    expediently          expedi
-    expedition           expedit
-    expeditious          expediti
-    expel                expel
-    expell               expel
-    expelling            expel
-    expels               expel
-    expend               expend
-    expense              expens
-    expenses             expens
-    experienc            experienc
-    experience           experi
-    experiences          experi
-    experiment           experi
-    experimental         experiment
-    experiments          experi
-    expert               expert
-    expertness           expert
-    expiate              expiat
-    expiation            expiat
-    expir                expir
-    expiration           expir
-    expire               expir
-    expired              expir
-    expires              expir
-    expiring             expir
-    explication          explic
-    exploit              exploit
-    exploits             exploit
-    expos                expo
-    expose               expos
-    exposing             expos
-    exposition           exposit
-    expositor            expositor
-    expostulate          expostul
-    expostulation        expostul
-    exposture            expostur
-    exposure             exposur
-    expound              expound
-    expounded            expound
-    express              express
-    expressed            express
-    expresseth           expresseth
-    expressing           express
-    expressive           express
-    expressly            expressli
-    expressure           expressur
-    expuls               expul
-    expulsion            expuls
-    exquisite            exquisit
-    exsufflicate         exsuffl
-    extant               extant
-    extemporal           extempor
-    extemporally         extempor
-    extempore            extempor
-    extend               extend
-    extended             extend
-    extends              extend
-    extent               extent
-    extenuate            extenu
-    extenuated           extenu
-    extenuates           extenu
-    extenuation          extenu
-    exterior             exterior
-    exteriorly           exteriorli
-    exteriors            exterior
-    extermin             extermin
-    extern               extern
-    external             extern
-    extinct              extinct
-    extincted            extinct
-    extincture           extinctur
-    extinguish           extinguish
-    extirp               extirp
-    extirpate            extirp
-    extirped             extirp
-    extol                extol
-    extoll               extol
-    extolment            extol
-    exton                exton
-    extort               extort
-    extorted             extort
-    extortion            extort
-    extortions           extort
-    extra                extra
-    extract              extract
-    extracted            extract
-    extracting           extract
-    extraordinarily      extraordinarili
-    extraordinary        extraordinari
-    extraught            extraught
-    extravagancy         extravag
-    extravagant          extravag
-    extreme              extrem
-    extremely            extrem
-    extremes             extrem
-    extremest            extremest
-    extremities          extrem
-    extremity            extrem
-    exuent               exuent
-    exult                exult
-    exultation           exult
-    ey                   ey
-    eyas                 eya
-    eyases               eyas
-    eye                  ey
-    eyeball              eyebal
-    eyeballs             eyebal
-    eyebrow              eyebrow
-    eyebrows             eyebrow
-    eyed                 ei
-    eyeless              eyeless
-    eyelid               eyelid
-    eyelids              eyelid
-    eyes                 ey
-    eyesight             eyesight
-    eyestrings           eyestr
-    eying                ei
-    eyne                 eyn
-    eyrie                eyri
-    fa                   fa
-    fabian               fabian
-    fable                fabl
-    fables               fabl
-    fabric               fabric
-    fabulous             fabul
-    fac                  fac
-    face                 face
-    faced                face
-    facere               facer
-    faces                face
-    faciant              faciant
-    facile               facil
-    facility             facil
-    facinerious          facineri
-    facing               face
-    facit                facit
-    fact                 fact
-    faction              faction
-    factionary           factionari
-    factions             faction
-    factious             factiou
-    factor               factor
-    factors              factor
-    faculties            faculti
-    faculty              faculti
-    fade                 fade
-    faded                fade
-    fadeth               fadeth
-    fadge                fadg
-    fading               fade
-    fadings              fade
-    fadom                fadom
-    fadoms               fadom
-    fagot                fagot
-    fagots               fagot
-    fail                 fail
-    failing              fail
-    fails                fail
-    fain                 fain
-    faint                faint
-    fainted              faint
-    fainter              fainter
-    fainting             faint
-    faintly              faintli
-    faintness            faint
-    faints               faint
-    fair                 fair
-    fairer               fairer
-    fairest              fairest
-    fairies              fairi
-    fairing              fair
-    fairings             fair
-    fairly               fairli
-    fairness             fair
-    fairs                fair
-    fairwell             fairwel
-    fairy                fairi
-    fais                 fai
-    fait                 fait
-    faites               fait
-    faith                faith
-    faithful             faith
-    faithfull            faithful
-    faithfully           faithfulli
-    faithless            faithless
-    faiths               faith
-    faitors              faitor
-    fal                  fal
-    falchion             falchion
-    falcon               falcon
-    falconbridge         falconbridg
-    falconer             falcon
-    falconers            falcon
-    fall                 fall
-    fallacy              fallaci
-    fallen               fallen
-    falleth              falleth
-    falliable            falliabl
-    fallible             fallibl
-    falling              fall
-    fallow               fallow
-    fallows              fallow
-    falls                fall
-    fally                falli
-    falorous             falor
-    false                fals
-    falsehood            falsehood
-    falsely              fals
-    falseness            fals
-    falser               falser
-    falsify              falsifi
-    falsing              fals
-    falstaff             falstaff
-    falstaffs            falstaff
-    falter               falter
-    fam                  fam
-    fame                 fame
-    famed                fame
-    familiar             familiar
-    familiarity          familiar
-    familiarly           familiarli
-    familiars            familiar
-    family               famili
-    famine               famin
-    famish               famish
-    famished             famish
-    famous               famou
-    famoused             famous
-    famously             famous
-    fan                  fan
-    fanatical            fanat
-    fancies              fanci
-    fancy                fanci
-    fane                 fane
-    fanes                fane
-    fang                 fang
-    fangled              fangl
-    fangless             fangless
-    fangs                fang
-    fann                 fann
-    fanning              fan
-    fans                 fan
-    fantasied            fantasi
-    fantasies            fantasi
-    fantastic            fantast
-    fantastical          fantast
-    fantastically        fantast
-    fantasticoes         fantastico
-    fantasy              fantasi
-    fap                  fap
-    far                  far
-    farborough           farborough
-    farced               farc
-    fardel               fardel
-    fardels              fardel
-    fare                 fare
-    fares                fare
-    farewell             farewel
-    farewells            farewel
-    fariner              farin
-    faring               fare
-    farm                 farm
-    farmer               farmer
-    farmhouse            farmhous
-    farms                farm
-    farre                farr
-    farrow               farrow
-    farther              farther
-    farthest             farthest
-    farthing             farth
-    farthingale          farthingal
-    farthingales         farthingal
-    farthings            farth
-    fartuous             fartuou
-    fas                  fa
-    fashion              fashion
-    fashionable          fashion
-    fashioning           fashion
-    fashions             fashion
-    fast                 fast
-    fasted               fast
-    fasten               fasten
-    fastened             fasten
-    faster               faster
-    fastest              fastest
-    fasting              fast
-    fastly               fastli
-    fastolfe             fastolf
-    fasts                fast
-    fat                  fat
-    fatal                fatal
-    fatally              fatal
-    fate                 fate
-    fated                fate
-    fates                fate
-    father               father
-    fathered             father
-    fatherless           fatherless
-    fatherly             fatherli
-    fathers              father
-    fathom               fathom
-    fathomless           fathomless
-    fathoms              fathom
-    fatigate             fatig
-    fatness              fat
-    fats                 fat
-    fatted               fat
-    fatter               fatter
-    fattest              fattest
-    fatting              fat
-    fatuus               fatuu
-    fauconbridge         fauconbridg
-    faulconbridge        faulconbridg
-    fault                fault
-    faultiness           faulti
-    faultless            faultless
-    faults               fault
-    faulty               faulti
-    fausse               fauss
-    fauste               faust
-    faustuses            faustus
-    faut                 faut
-    favor                favor
-    favorable            favor
-    favorably            favor
-    favors               favor
-    favour               favour
-    favourable           favour
-    favoured             favour
-    favouredly           favouredli
-    favourer             favour
-    favourers            favour
-    favouring            favour
-    favourite            favourit
-    favourites           favourit
-    favours              favour
-    favout               favout
-    fawn                 fawn
-    fawneth              fawneth
-    fawning              fawn
-    fawns                fawn
-    fay                  fai
-    fe                   fe
-    fealty               fealti
-    fear                 fear
-    feared               fear
-    fearest              fearest
-    fearful              fear
-    fearfull             fearful
-    fearfully            fearfulli
-    fearfulness          fear
-    fearing              fear
-    fearless             fearless
-    fears                fear
-    feast                feast
-    feasted              feast
-    feasting             feast
-    feasts               feast
-    feat                 feat
-    feated               feat
-    feater               feater
-    feather              feather
-    feathered            feather
-    feathers             feather
-    featly               featli
-    feats                feat
-    featur               featur
-    feature              featur
-    featured             featur
-    featureless          featureless
-    features             featur
-    february             februari
-    fecks                feck
-    fed                  fed
-    fedary               fedari
-    federary             federari
-    fee                  fee
-    feeble               feebl
-    feebled              feebl
-    feebleness           feebl
-    feebling             feebl
-    feebly               feebli
-    feed                 feed
-    feeder               feeder
-    feeders              feeder
-    feedeth              feedeth
-    feeding              feed
-    feeds                feed
-    feel                 feel
-    feeler               feeler
-    feeling              feel
-    feelingly            feelingli
-    feels                feel
-    fees                 fee
-    feet                 feet
-    fehemently           fehement
-    feign                feign
-    feigned              feign
-    feigning             feign
-    feil                 feil
-    feith                feith
-    felicitate           felicit
-    felicity             felic
-    fell                 fell
-    fellest              fellest
-    fellies              felli
-    fellow               fellow
-    fellowly             fellowli
-    fellows              fellow
-    fellowship           fellowship
-    fellowships          fellowship
-    fells                fell
-    felon                felon
-    felonious            feloni
-    felony               feloni
-    felt                 felt
-    female               femal
-    females              femal
-    feminine             feminin
-    fen                  fen
-    fenc                 fenc
-    fence                fenc
-    fencer               fencer
-    fencing              fenc
-    fends                fend
-    fennel               fennel
-    fenny                fenni
-    fens                 fen
-    fenton               fenton
-    fer                  fer
-    ferdinand            ferdinand
-    fere                 fere
-    fernseed             fernse
-    ferrara              ferrara
-    ferrers              ferrer
-    ferret               ferret
-    ferry                ferri
-    ferryman             ferryman
-    fertile              fertil
-    fertility            fertil
-    fervency             fervenc
-    fervour              fervour
-    fery                 feri
-    fest                 fest
-    feste                fest
-    fester               fester
-    festinate            festin
-    festinately          festin
-    festival             festiv
-    festivals            festiv
-    fet                  fet
-    fetch                fetch
-    fetches              fetch
-    fetching             fetch
-    fetlock              fetlock
-    fetlocks             fetlock
-    fett                 fett
-    fetter               fetter
-    fettering            fetter
-    fetters              fetter
-    fettle               fettl
-    feu                  feu
-    feud                 feud
-    fever                fever
-    feverous             fever
-    fevers               fever
-    few                  few
-    fewer                fewer
-    fewest               fewest
-    fewness              few
-    fickle               fickl
-    fickleness           fickl
-    fico                 fico
-    fiction              fiction
-    fiddle               fiddl
-    fiddler              fiddler
-    fiddlestick          fiddlestick
-    fidele               fidel
-    fidelicet            fidelicet
-    fidelity             fidel
-    fidius               fidiu
-    fie                  fie
-    field                field
-    fielded              field
-    fields               field
-    fiend                fiend
-    fiends               fiend
-    fierce               fierc
-    fiercely             fierc
-    fierceness           fierc
-    fiery                fieri
-    fife                 fife
-    fifes                fife
-    fifteen              fifteen
-    fifteens             fifteen
-    fifteenth            fifteenth
-    fifth                fifth
-    fifty                fifti
-    fiftyfold            fiftyfold
-    fig                  fig
-    fight                fight
-    fighter              fighter
-    fightest             fightest
-    fighteth             fighteth
-    fighting             fight
-    fights               fight
-    figo                 figo
-    figs                 fig
-    figur                figur
-    figure               figur
-    figured              figur
-    figures              figur
-    figuring             figur
-    fike                 fike
-    fil                  fil
-    filberts             filbert
-    filch                filch
-    filches              filch
-    filching             filch
-    file                 file
-    filed                file
-    files                file
-    filial               filial
-    filius               filiu
-    fill                 fill
-    filled               fill
-    fillet               fillet
-    filling              fill
-    fillip               fillip
-    fills                fill
-    filly                filli
-    film                 film
-    fils                 fil
-    filth                filth
-    filths               filth
-    filthy               filthi
-    fin                  fin
-    finally              final
-    finch                finch
-    find                 find
-    finder               finder
-    findeth              findeth
-    finding              find
-    findings             find
-    finds                find
-    fine                 fine
-    fineless             fineless
-    finely               fine
-    finem                finem
-    fineness             fine
-    finer                finer
-    fines                fine
-    finest               finest
-    fing                 fing
-    finger               finger
-    fingering            finger
-    fingers              finger
-    fingre               fingr
-    fingres              fingr
-    finical              finic
-    finish               finish
-    finished             finish
-    finisher             finish
-    finless              finless
-    finn                 finn
-    fins                 fin
-    finsbury             finsburi
-    fir                  fir
-    firago               firago
-    fire                 fire
-    firebrand            firebrand
-    firebrands           firebrand
-    fired                fire
-    fires                fire
-    firework             firework
-    fireworks            firework
-    firing               fire
-    firk                 firk
-    firm                 firm
-    firmament            firmament
-    firmly               firmli
-    firmness             firm
-    first                first
-    firstlings           firstl
-    fish                 fish
-    fisher               fisher
-    fishermen            fishermen
-    fishers              fisher
-    fishes               fish
-    fishified            fishifi
-    fishmonger           fishmong
-    fishpond             fishpond
-    fisnomy              fisnomi
-    fist                 fist
-    fisting              fist
-    fists                fist
-    fistula              fistula
-    fit                  fit
-    fitchew              fitchew
-    fitful               fit
-    fitly                fitli
-    fitment              fitment
-    fitness              fit
-    fits                 fit
-    fitted               fit
-    fitter               fitter
-    fittest              fittest
-    fitteth              fitteth
-    fitting              fit
-    fitzwater            fitzwat
-    five                 five
-    fivepence            fivep
-    fives                five
-    fix                  fix
-    fixed                fix
-    fixes                fix
-    fixeth               fixeth
-    fixing               fix
-    fixture              fixtur
-    fl                   fl
-    flag                 flag
-    flagging             flag
-    flagon               flagon
-    flagons              flagon
-    flags                flag
-    flail                flail
-    flakes               flake
-    flaky                flaki
-    flam                 flam
-    flame                flame
-    flamen               flamen
-    flamens              flamen
-    flames               flame
-    flaming              flame
-    flaminius            flaminiu
-    flanders             flander
-    flannel              flannel
-    flap                 flap
-    flaring              flare
-    flash                flash
-    flashes              flash
-    flashing             flash
-    flask                flask
-    flat                 flat
-    flatly               flatli
-    flatness             flat
-    flats                flat
-    flatt                flatt
-    flatter              flatter
-    flattered            flatter
-    flatterer            flatter
-    flatterers           flatter
-    flatterest           flatterest
-    flatteries           flatteri
-    flattering           flatter
-    flatters             flatter
-    flattery             flatteri
-    flaunts              flaunt
-    flavio               flavio
-    flavius              flaviu
-    flaw                 flaw
-    flaws                flaw
-    flax                 flax
-    flaxen               flaxen
-    flay                 flai
-    flaying              flai
-    flea                 flea
-    fleance              fleanc
-    fleas                flea
-    flecked              fleck
-    fled                 fled
-    fledge               fledg
-    flee                 flee
-    fleec                fleec
-    fleece               fleec
-    fleeces              fleec
-    fleer                fleer
-    fleering             fleer
-    fleers               fleer
-    fleet                fleet
-    fleeter              fleeter
-    fleeting             fleet
-    fleming              fleme
-    flemish              flemish
-    flesh                flesh
-    fleshes              flesh
-    fleshly              fleshli
-    fleshment            fleshment
-    fleshmonger          fleshmong
-    flew                 flew
-    flexible             flexibl
-    flexure              flexur
-    flibbertigibbet      flibbertigibbet
-    flickering           flicker
-    flidge               flidg
-    fliers               flier
-    flies                fli
-    flieth               flieth
-    flight               flight
-    flights              flight
-    flighty              flighti
-    flinch               flinch
-    fling                fling
-    flint                flint
-    flints               flint
-    flinty               flinti
-    flirt                flirt
-    float                float
-    floated              float
-    floating             float
-    flock                flock
-    flocks               flock
-    flood                flood
-    floodgates           floodgat
-    floods               flood
-    floor                floor
-    flora                flora
-    florence             florenc
-    florentine           florentin
-    florentines          florentin
-    florentius           florentiu
-    florizel             florizel
-    flote                flote
-    floulish             floulish
-    flour                flour
-    flourish             flourish
-    flourishes           flourish
-    flourisheth          flourisheth
-    flourishing          flourish
-    flout                flout
-    flouted              flout
-    flouting             flout
-    flouts               flout
-    flow                 flow
-    flowed               flow
-    flower               flower
-    flowerets            floweret
-    flowers              flower
-    flowing              flow
-    flown                flown
-    flows                flow
-    fluellen             fluellen
-    fluent               fluent
-    flung                flung
-    flush                flush
-    flushing             flush
-    fluster              fluster
-    flute                flute
-    flutes               flute
-    flutter              flutter
-    flux                 flux
-    fluxive              fluxiv
-    fly                  fly
-    flying               fly
-    fo                   fo
-    foal                 foal
-    foals                foal
-    foam                 foam
-    foamed               foam
-    foaming              foam
-    foams                foam
-    foamy                foami
-    fob                  fob
-    focative             foc
-    fodder               fodder
-    foe                  foe
-    foeman               foeman
-    foemen               foemen
-    foes                 foe
-    fog                  fog
-    foggy                foggi
-    fogs                 fog
-    foh                  foh
-    foi                  foi
-    foil                 foil
-    foiled               foil
-    foils                foil
-    foin                 foin
-    foining              foin
-    foins                foin
-    fois                 foi
-    foison               foison
-    foisons              foison
-    foist                foist
-    foix                 foix
-    fold                 fold
-    folded               fold
-    folds                fold
-    folio                folio
-    folk                 folk
-    folks                folk
-    follies              folli
-    follow               follow
-    followed             follow
-    follower             follow
-    followers            follow
-    followest            followest
-    following            follow
-    follows              follow
-    folly                folli
-    fond                 fond
-    fonder               fonder
-    fondly               fondli
-    fondness             fond
-    font                 font
-    fontibell            fontibel
-    food                 food
-    fool                 fool
-    fooleries            fooleri
-    foolery              fooleri
-    foolhardy            foolhardi
-    fooling              fool
-    foolish              foolish
-    foolishly            foolishli
-    foolishness          foolish
-    fools                fool
-    foot                 foot
-    football             footbal
-    footboy              footboi
-    footboys             footboi
-    footed               foot
-    footfall             footfal
-    footing              foot
-    footman              footman
-    footmen              footmen
-    footpath             footpath
-    footsteps            footstep
-    footstool            footstool
-    fopp                 fopp
-    fopped               fop
-    foppery              fopperi
-    foppish              foppish
-    fops                 fop
-    for                  for
-    forage               forag
-    foragers             forag
-    forbade              forbad
-    forbear              forbear
-    forbearance          forbear
-    forbears             forbear
-    forbid               forbid
-    forbidden            forbidden
-    forbiddenly          forbiddenli
-    forbids              forbid
-    forbod               forbod
-    forborne             forborn
-    forc                 forc
-    force                forc
-    forced               forc
-    forceful             forc
-    forceless            forceless
-    forces               forc
-    forcible             forcibl
-    forcibly             forcibl
-    forcing              forc
-    ford                 ford
-    fordid               fordid
-    fordo                fordo
-    fordoes              fordo
-    fordone              fordon
-    fore                 fore
-    forecast             forecast
-    forefather           forefath
-    forefathers          forefath
-    forefinger           forefing
-    forego               forego
-    foregone             foregon
-    forehand             forehand
-    forehead             forehead
-    foreheads            forehead
-    forehorse            forehors
-    foreign              foreign
-    foreigner            foreign
-    foreigners           foreign
-    foreknowing          foreknow
-    foreknowledge        foreknowledg
-    foremost             foremost
-    forenamed            forenam
-    forenoon             forenoon
-    forerun              forerun
-    forerunner           forerunn
-    forerunning          forerun
-    foreruns             forerun
-    foresaid             foresaid
-    foresaw              foresaw
-    foresay              foresai
-    foresee              forese
-    foreseeing           forese
-    foresees             forese
-    foreshow             foreshow
-    foreskirt            foreskirt
-    forespent            foresp
-    forest               forest
-    forestall            forestal
-    forestalled          forestal
-    forester             forest
-    foresters            forest
-    forests              forest
-    foretell             foretel
-    foretelling          foretel
-    foretells            foretel
-    forethink            forethink
-    forethought          forethought
-    foretold             foretold
-    forever              forev
-    foreward             foreward
-    forewarn             forewarn
-    forewarned           forewarn
-    forewarning          forewarn
-    forfeit              forfeit
-    forfeited            forfeit
-    forfeiters           forfeit
-    forfeiting           forfeit
-    forfeits             forfeit
-    forfeiture           forfeitur
-    forfeitures          forfeitur
-    forfend              forfend
-    forfended            forfend
-    forg                 forg
-    forgave              forgav
-    forge                forg
-    forged               forg
-    forgeries            forgeri
-    forgery              forgeri
-    forges               forg
-    forget               forget
-    forgetful            forget
-    forgetfulness        forget
-    forgetive            forget
-    forgets              forget
-    forgetting           forget
-    forgive              forgiv
-    forgiven             forgiven
-    forgiveness          forgiv
-    forgo                forgo
-    forgoing             forgo
-    forgone              forgon
-    forgot               forgot
-    forgotten            forgotten
-    fork                 fork
-    forked               fork
-    forks                fork
-    forlorn              forlorn
-    form                 form
-    formal               formal
-    formally             formal
-    formed               form
-    former               former
-    formerly             formerli
-    formless             formless
-    forms                form
-    fornication          fornic
-    fornications         fornic
-    fornicatress         fornicatress
-    forres               forr
-    forrest              forrest
-    forsake              forsak
-    forsaken             forsaken
-    forsaketh            forsaketh
-    forslow              forslow
-    forsook              forsook
-    forsooth             forsooth
-    forspent             forspent
-    forspoke             forspok
-    forswear             forswear
-    forswearing          forswear
-    forswore             forswor
-    forsworn             forsworn
-    fort                 fort
-    forted               fort
-    forth                forth
-    forthcoming          forthcom
-    forthlight           forthlight
-    forthright           forthright
-    forthwith            forthwith
-    fortification        fortif
-    fortifications       fortif
-    fortified            fortifi
-    fortifies            fortifi
-    fortify              fortifi
-    fortinbras           fortinbra
-    fortitude            fortitud
-    fortnight            fortnight
-    fortress             fortress
-    fortresses           fortress
-    forts                fort
-    fortun               fortun
-    fortuna              fortuna
-    fortunate            fortun
-    fortunately          fortun
-    fortune              fortun
-    fortuned             fortun
-    fortunes             fortun
-    fortward             fortward
-    forty                forti
-    forum                forum
-    forward              forward
-    forwarding           forward
-    forwardness          forward
-    forwards             forward
-    forwearied           forweari
-    fosset               fosset
-    fost                 fost
-    foster               foster
-    fostered             foster
-    fought               fought
-    foughten             foughten
-    foul                 foul
-    fouler               fouler
-    foulest              foulest
-    foully               foulli
-    foulness             foul
-    found                found
-    foundation           foundat
-    foundations          foundat
-    founded              found
-    founder              founder
-    fount                fount
-    fountain             fountain
-    fountains            fountain
-    founts               fount
-    four                 four
-    fourscore            fourscor
-    fourteen             fourteen
-    fourth               fourth
-    foutra               foutra
-    fowl                 fowl
-    fowler               fowler
-    fowling              fowl
-    fowls                fowl
-    fox                  fox
-    foxes                fox
-    foxship              foxship
-    fracted              fract
-    fraction             fraction
-    fractions            fraction
-    fragile              fragil
-    fragment             fragment
-    fragments            fragment
-    fragrant             fragrant
-    frail                frail
-    frailer              frailer
-    frailties            frailti
-    frailty              frailti
-    fram                 fram
-    frame                frame
-    framed               frame
-    frames               frame
-    frampold             frampold
-    fran                 fran
-    francais             francai
-    france               franc
-    frances              franc
-    franchise            franchis
-    franchised           franchis
-    franchisement        franchis
-    franchises           franchis
-    franciae             francia
-    francis              franci
-    francisca            francisca
-    franciscan           franciscan
-    francisco            francisco
-    frank                frank
-    franker              franker
-    frankfort            frankfort
-    franklin             franklin
-    franklins            franklin
-    frankly              frankli
-    frankness            frank
-    frantic              frantic
-    franticly            franticli
-    frateretto           frateretto
-    fratrum              fratrum
-    fraud                fraud
-    fraudful             fraud
-    fraught              fraught
-    fraughtage           fraughtag
-    fraughting           fraught
-    fray                 frai
-    frays                frai
-    freckl               freckl
-    freckled             freckl
-    freckles             freckl
-    frederick            frederick
-    free                 free
-    freed                freed
-    freedom              freedom
-    freedoms             freedom
-    freehearted          freeheart
-    freelier             freelier
-    freely               freeli
-    freeman              freeman
-    freemen              freemen
-    freeness             freeness
-    freer                freer
-    frees                free
-    freestone            freeston
-    freetown             freetown
-    freeze               freez
-    freezes              freez
-    freezing             freez
-    freezings            freez
-    french               french
-    frenchman            frenchman
-    frenchmen            frenchmen
-    frenchwoman          frenchwoman
-    frenzy               frenzi
-    frequent             frequent
-    frequents            frequent
-    fresh                fresh
-    fresher              fresher
-    freshes              fresh
-    freshest             freshest
-    freshly              freshli
-    freshness            fresh
-    fret                 fret
-    fretful              fret
-    frets                fret
-    fretted              fret
-    fretten              fretten
-    fretting             fret
-    friar                friar
-    friars               friar
-    friday               fridai
-    fridays              fridai
-    friend               friend
-    friended             friend
-    friending            friend
-    friendless           friendless
-    friendliness         friendli
-    friendly             friendli
-    friends              friend
-    friendship           friendship
-    friendships          friendship
-    frieze               friez
-    fright               fright
-    frighted             fright
-    frightened           frighten
-    frightful            fright
-    frighting            fright
-    frights              fright
-    fringe               fring
-    fringed              fring
-    frippery             fripperi
-    frisk                frisk
-    fritters             fritter
-    frivolous            frivol
-    fro                  fro
-    frock                frock
-    frog                 frog
-    frogmore             frogmor
-    froissart            froissart
-    frolic               frolic
-    from                 from
-    front                front
-    fronted              front
-    frontier             frontier
-    frontiers            frontier
-    fronting             front
-    frontlet             frontlet
-    fronts               front
-    frost                frost
-    frosts               frost
-    frosty               frosti
-    froth                froth
-    froward              froward
-    frown                frown
-    frowning             frown
-    frowningly           frowningli
-    frowns               frown
-    froze                froze
-    frozen               frozen
-    fructify             fructifi
-    frugal               frugal
-    fruit                fruit
-    fruiterer            fruiter
-    fruitful             fruit
-    fruitfully           fruitfulli
-    fruitfulness         fruit
-    fruition             fruition
-    fruitless            fruitless
-    fruits               fruit
-    frush                frush
-    frustrate            frustrat
-    frutify              frutifi
-    fry                  fry
-    fubb                 fubb
-    fuel                 fuel
-    fugitive             fugit
-    fulfil               fulfil
-    fulfill              fulfil
-    fulfilling           fulfil
-    fulfils              fulfil
-    full                 full
-    fullam               fullam
-    fuller               fuller
-    fullers              fuller
-    fullest              fullest
-    fullness             full
-    fully                fulli
-    fulness              ful
-    fulsome              fulsom
-    fulvia               fulvia
-    fum                  fum
-    fumble               fumbl
-    fumbles              fumbl
-    fumblest             fumblest
-    fumbling             fumbl
-    fume                 fume
-    fumes                fume
-    fuming               fume
-    fumiter              fumit
-    fumitory             fumitori
-    fun                  fun
-    function             function
-    functions            function
-    fundamental          fundament
-    funeral              funer
-    funerals             funer
-    fur                  fur
-    furbish              furbish
-    furies               furi
-    furious              furiou
-    furlongs             furlong
-    furnace              furnac
-    furnaces             furnac
-    furnish              furnish
-    furnished            furnish
-    furnishings          furnish
-    furniture            furnitur
-    furnival             furniv
-    furor                furor
-    furr                 furr
-    furrow               furrow
-    furrowed             furrow
-    furrows              furrow
-    furth                furth
-    further              further
-    furtherance          further
-    furtherer            further
-    furthermore          furthermor
-    furthest             furthest
-    fury                 furi
-    furze                furz
-    furzes               furz
-    fust                 fust
-    fustian              fustian
-    fustilarian          fustilarian
-    fusty                fusti
-    fut                  fut
-    future               futur
-    futurity             futur
-    g                    g
-    gabble               gabbl
-    gaberdine            gaberdin
-    gabriel              gabriel
-    gad                  gad
-    gadding              gad
-    gads                 gad
-    gadshill             gadshil
-    gag                  gag
-    gage                 gage
-    gaged                gage
-    gagg                 gagg
-    gaging               gage
-    gagne                gagn
-    gain                 gain
-    gained               gain
-    gainer               gainer
-    gaingiving           gaingiv
-    gains                gain
-    gainsaid             gainsaid
-    gainsay              gainsai
-    gainsaying           gainsai
-    gainsays             gainsai
-    gainst               gainst
-    gait                 gait
-    gaited               gait
-    galathe              galath
-    gale                 gale
-    galen                galen
-    gales                gale
-    gall                 gall
-    gallant              gallant
-    gallantly            gallantli
-    gallantry            gallantri
-    gallants             gallant
-    galled               gall
-    gallery              galleri
-    galley               gallei
-    galleys              gallei
-    gallia               gallia
-    gallian              gallian
-    galliard             galliard
-    galliasses           galliass
-    gallimaufry          gallimaufri
-    galling              gall
-    gallons              gallon
-    gallop               gallop
-    galloping            gallop
-    gallops              gallop
-    gallow               gallow
-    galloway             gallowai
-    gallowglasses        gallowglass
-    gallows              gallow
-    gallowses            gallows
-    galls                gall
-    gallus               gallu
-    gam                  gam
-    gambol               gambol
-    gambold              gambold
-    gambols              gambol
-    gamboys              gamboi
-    game                 game
-    gamers               gamer
-    games                game
-    gamesome             gamesom
-    gamester             gamest
-    gaming               game
-    gammon               gammon
-    gamut                gamut
-    gan                  gan
-    gangren              gangren
-    ganymede             ganymed
-    gaol                 gaol
-    gaoler               gaoler
-    gaolers              gaoler
-    gaols                gaol
-    gap                  gap
-    gape                 gape
-    gapes                gape
-    gaping               gape
-    gar                  gar
-    garb                 garb
-    garbage              garbag
-    garboils             garboil
-    garcon               garcon
-    gard                 gard
-    garde                gard
-    garden               garden
-    gardener             garden
-    gardeners            garden
-    gardens              garden
-    gardez               gardez
-    gardiner             gardin
-    gardon               gardon
-    gargantua            gargantua
-    gargrave             gargrav
-    garish               garish
-    garland              garland
-    garlands             garland
-    garlic               garlic
-    garment              garment
-    garments             garment
-    garmet               garmet
-    garner               garner
-    garners              garner
-    garnish              garnish
-    garnished            garnish
-    garret               garret
-    garrison             garrison
-    garrisons            garrison
-    gart                 gart
-    garter               garter
-    garterd              garterd
-    gartering            garter
-    garters              garter
-    gascony              gasconi
-    gash                 gash
-    gashes               gash
-    gaskins              gaskin
-    gasp                 gasp
-    gasping              gasp
-    gasted               gast
-    gastness             gast
-    gat                  gat
-    gate                 gate
-    gated                gate
-    gates                gate
-    gath                 gath
-    gather               gather
-    gathered             gather
-    gathering            gather
-    gathers              gather
-    gatories             gatori
-    gatory               gatori
-    gaud                 gaud
-    gaudeo               gaudeo
-    gaudy                gaudi
-    gauge                gaug
-    gaul                 gaul
-    gaultree             gaultre
-    gaunt                gaunt
-    gauntlet             gauntlet
-    gauntlets            gauntlet
-    gav                  gav
-    gave                 gave
-    gavest               gavest
-    gawded               gawd
-    gawds                gawd
-    gawsey               gawsei
-    gay                  gai
-    gayness              gay
-    gaz                  gaz
-    gaze                 gaze
-    gazed                gaze
-    gazer                gazer
-    gazers               gazer
-    gazes                gaze
-    gazeth               gazeth
-    gazing               gaze
-    gear                 gear
-    geck                 geck
-    geese                gees
-    geffrey              geffrei
-    geld                 geld
-    gelded               geld
-    gelding              geld
-    gelida               gelida
-    gelidus              gelidu
-    gelt                 gelt
-    gem                  gem
-    geminy               gemini
-    gems                 gem
-    gen                  gen
-    gender               gender
-    genders              gender
-    general              gener
-    generally            gener
-    generals             gener
-    generation           gener
-    generations          gener
-    generative           gener
-    generosity           generos
-    generous             gener
-    genitive             genit
-    genitivo             genitivo
-    genius               geniu
-    gennets              gennet
-    genoa                genoa
-    genoux               genoux
-    gens                 gen
-    gent                 gent
-    gentilhomme          gentilhomm
-    gentility            gentil
-    gentle               gentl
-    gentlefolks          gentlefolk
-    gentleman            gentleman
-    gentlemanlike        gentlemanlik
-    gentlemen            gentlemen
-    gentleness           gentl
-    gentler              gentler
-    gentles              gentl
-    gentlest             gentlest
-    gentlewoman          gentlewoman
-    gentlewomen          gentlewomen
-    gently               gentli
-    gentry               gentri
-    george               georg
-    gerard               gerard
-    germaines            germain
-    germains             germain
-    german               german
-    germane              german
-    germans              german
-    germany              germani
-    gertrude             gertrud
-    gest                 gest
-    gests                gest
-    gesture              gestur
-    gestures             gestur
-    get                  get
-    getrude              getrud
-    gets                 get
-    getter               getter
-    getting              get
-    ghastly              ghastli
-    ghost                ghost
-    ghosted              ghost
-    ghostly              ghostli
-    ghosts               ghost
-    gi                   gi
-    giant                giant
-    giantess             giantess
-    giantlike            giantlik
-    giants               giant
-    gib                  gib
-    gibber               gibber
-    gibbet               gibbet
-    gibbets              gibbet
-    gibe                 gibe
-    giber                giber
-    gibes                gibe
-    gibing               gibe
-    gibingly             gibingli
-    giddily              giddili
-    giddiness            giddi
-    giddy                giddi
-    gift                 gift
-    gifts                gift
-    gig                  gig
-    giglets              giglet
-    giglot               giglot
-    gilbert              gilbert
-    gild                 gild
-    gilded               gild
-    gilding              gild
-    gilliams             gilliam
-    gillian              gillian
-    gills                gill
-    gillyvors            gillyvor
-    gilt                 gilt
-    gimmal               gimmal
-    gimmers              gimmer
-    gin                  gin
-    ging                 ging
-    ginger               ginger
-    gingerbread          gingerbread
-    gingerly             gingerli
-    ginn                 ginn
-    gins                 gin
-    gioucestershire      gioucestershir
-    gipes                gipe
-    gipsies              gipsi
-    gipsy                gipsi
-    gird                 gird
-    girded               gird
-    girdle               girdl
-    girdled              girdl
-    girdles              girdl
-    girdling             girdl
-    girl                 girl
-    girls                girl
-    girt                 girt
-    girth                girth
-    gis                  gi
-    giv                  giv
-    give                 give
-    given                given
-    giver                giver
-    givers               giver
-    gives                give
-    givest               givest
-    giveth               giveth
-    giving               give
-    givings              give
-    glad                 glad
-    gladded              glad
-    gladding             glad
-    gladly               gladli
-    gladness             glad
-    glamis               glami
-    glanc                glanc
-    glance               glanc
-    glanced              glanc
-    glances              glanc
-    glancing             glanc
-    glanders             glander
-    glansdale            glansdal
-    glare                glare
-    glares               glare
-    glass                glass
-    glasses              glass
-    glassy               glassi
-    glaz                 glaz
-    glazed               glaze
-    gleams               gleam
-    glean                glean
-    gleaned              glean
-    gleaning             glean
-    gleeful              gleeful
-    gleek                gleek
-    gleeking             gleek
-    gleeks               gleek
-    glend                glend
-    glendower            glendow
-    glib                 glib
-    glide                glide
-    glided               glide
-    glides               glide
-    glideth              glideth
-    gliding              glide
-    glimmer              glimmer
-    glimmering           glimmer
-    glimmers             glimmer
-    glimpse              glimps
-    glimpses             glimps
-    glist                glist
-    glistening           glisten
-    glister              glister
-    glistering           glister
-    glisters             glister
-    glitt                glitt
-    glittering           glitter
-    globe                globe
-    globes               globe
-    glooming             gloom
-    gloomy               gloomi
-    glories              glori
-    glorified            glorifi
-    glorify              glorifi
-    glorious             gloriou
-    gloriously           glorious
-    glory                glori
-    glose                glose
-    gloss                gloss
-    glosses              gloss
-    glou                 glou
-    glouceste            gloucest
-    gloucester           gloucest
-    gloucestershire      gloucestershir
-    glove                glove
-    glover               glover
-    gloves               glove
-    glow                 glow
-    glowed               glow
-    glowing              glow
-    glowworm             glowworm
-    gloz                 gloz
-    gloze                gloze
-    glozes               gloze
-    glu                  glu
-    glue                 glue
-    glued                glu
-    glues                glue
-    glut                 glut
-    glutt                glutt
-    glutted              glut
-    glutton              glutton
-    gluttoning           glutton
-    gluttony             gluttoni
-    gnarled              gnarl
-    gnarling             gnarl
-    gnat                 gnat
-    gnats                gnat
-    gnaw                 gnaw
-    gnawing              gnaw
-    gnawn                gnawn
-    gnaws                gnaw
-    go                   go
-    goad                 goad
-    goaded               goad
-    goads                goad
-    goal                 goal
-    goat                 goat
-    goatish              goatish
-    goats                goat
-    gobbets              gobbet
-    gobbo                gobbo
-    goblet               goblet
-    goblets              goblet
-    goblin               goblin
-    goblins              goblin
-    god                  god
-    godded               god
-    godden               godden
-    goddess              goddess
-    goddesses            goddess
-    goddild              goddild
-    godfather            godfath
-    godfathers           godfath
-    godhead              godhead
-    godlike              godlik
-    godliness            godli
-    godly                godli
-    godmother            godmoth
-    gods                 god
-    godson               godson
-    goer                 goer
-    goers                goer
-    goes                 goe
-    goest                goest
-    goeth                goeth
-    goffe                goff
-    gogs                 gog
-    going                go
-    gold                 gold
-    golden               golden
-    goldenly             goldenli
-    goldsmith            goldsmith
-    goldsmiths           goldsmith
-    golgotha             golgotha
-    goliases             golias
-    goliath              goliath
-    gon                  gon
-    gondola              gondola
-    gondolier            gondoli
-    gone                 gone
-    goneril              goneril
-    gong                 gong
-    gonzago              gonzago
-    gonzalo              gonzalo
-    good                 good
-    goodfellow           goodfellow
-    goodlier             goodlier
-    goodliest            goodliest
-    goodly               goodli
-    goodman              goodman
-    goodness             good
-    goodnight            goodnight
-    goodrig              goodrig
-    goods                good
-    goodwife             goodwif
-    goodwill             goodwil
-    goodwin              goodwin
-    goodwins             goodwin
-    goodyear             goodyear
-    goodyears            goodyear
-    goose                goos
-    gooseberry           gooseberri
-    goosequills          goosequil
-    goot                 goot
-    gor                  gor
-    gorbellied           gorbelli
-    gorboduc             gorboduc
-    gordian              gordian
-    gore                 gore
-    gored                gore
-    gorg                 gorg
-    gorge                gorg
-    gorgeous             gorgeou
-    gorget               gorget
-    gorging              gorg
-    gorgon               gorgon
-    gormandize           gormand
-    gormandizing         gormand
-    gory                 gori
-    gosling              gosl
-    gospel               gospel
-    gospels              gospel
-    goss                 goss
-    gossamer             gossam
-    gossip               gossip
-    gossiping            gossip
-    gossiplike           gossiplik
-    gossips              gossip
-    got                  got
-    goth                 goth
-    goths                goth
-    gotten               gotten
-    gourd                gourd
-    gout                 gout
-    gouts                gout
-    gouty                gouti
-    govern               govern
-    governance           govern
-    governed             govern
-    governess            gover
-    government           govern
-    governor             governor
-    governors            governor
-    governs              govern
-    gower                gower
-    gown                 gown
-    gowns                gown
-    grac                 grac
-    grace                grace
-    graced               grace
-    graceful             grace
-    gracefully           gracefulli
-    graceless            graceless
-    graces               grace
-    gracing              grace
-    gracious             graciou
-    graciously           gracious
-    gradation            gradat
-    graff                graff
-    graffing             graf
-    graft                graft
-    grafted              graft
-    grafters             grafter
-    grain                grain
-    grained              grain
-    grains               grain
-    gramercies           gramerci
-    gramercy             gramerci
-    grammar              grammar
-    grand                grand
-    grandam              grandam
-    grandame             grandam
-    grandchild           grandchild
-    grande               grand
-    grandeur             grandeur
-    grandfather          grandfath
-    grandjurors          grandjuror
-    grandmother          grandmoth
-    grandpre             grandpr
-    grandsir             grandsir
-    grandsire            grandsir
-    grandsires           grandsir
-    grange               grang
-    grant                grant
-    granted              grant
-    granting             grant
-    grants               grant
-    grape                grape
-    grapes               grape
-    grapple              grappl
-    grapples             grappl
-    grappling            grappl
-    grasp                grasp
-    grasped              grasp
-    grasps               grasp
-    grass                grass
-    grasshoppers         grasshopp
-    grassy               grassi
-    grate                grate
-    grated               grate
-    grateful             grate
-    grates               grate
-    gratiano             gratiano
-    gratify              gratifi
-    gratii               gratii
-    gratillity           gratil
-    grating              grate
-    gratis               grati
-    gratitude            gratitud
-    gratulate            gratul
-    grav                 grav
-    grave                grave
-    gravediggers         gravedigg
-    gravel               gravel
-    graveless            graveless
-    gravell              gravel
-    gravely              grave
-    graven               graven
-    graveness            grave
-    graver               graver
-    graves               grave
-    gravest              gravest
-    gravestone           graveston
-    gravities            graviti
-    gravity              graviti
-    gravy                gravi
-    gray                 grai
-    graymalkin           graymalkin
-    graz                 graz
-    graze                graze
-    grazed               graze
-    grazing              graze
-    grease               greas
-    greases              greas
-    greasily             greasili
-    greasy               greasi
-    great                great
-    greater              greater
-    greatest             greatest
-    greatly              greatli
-    greatness            great
-    grecian              grecian
-    grecians             grecian
-    gree                 gree
-    greece               greec
-    greed                greed
-    greedily             greedili
-    greediness           greedi
-    greedy               greedi
-    greeing              gree
-    greek                greek
-    greekish             greekish
-    greeks               greek
-    green                green
-    greener              greener
-    greenly              greenli
-    greens               green
-    greensleeves         greensleev
-    greenwich            greenwich
-    greenwood            greenwood
-    greet                greet
-    greeted              greet
-    greeting             greet
-    greetings            greet
-    greets               greet
-    greg                 greg
-    gregory              gregori
-    gremio               gremio
-    grew                 grew
-    grey                 grei
-    greybeard            greybeard
-    greybeards           greybeard
-    greyhound            greyhound
-    greyhounds           greyhound
-    grief                grief
-    griefs               grief
-    griev                griev
-    grievance            grievanc
-    grievances           grievanc
-    grieve               griev
-    grieved              griev
-    grieves              griev
-    grievest             grievest
-    grieving             griev
-    grievingly           grievingli
-    grievous             grievou
-    grievously           grievous
-    griffin              griffin
-    griffith             griffith
-    grim                 grim
-    grime                grime
-    grimly               grimli
-    grin                 grin
-    grind                grind
-    grinding             grind
-    grindstone           grindston
-    grinning             grin
-    grip                 grip
-    gripe                gripe
-    gripes               gripe
-    griping              gripe
-    grise                grise
-    grisly               grisli
-    grissel              grissel
-    grize                grize
-    grizzle              grizzl
-    grizzled             grizzl
-    groan                groan
-    groaning             groan
-    groans               groan
-    groat                groat
-    groats               groat
-    groin                groin
-    groom                groom
-    grooms               groom
-    grop                 grop
-    groping              grope
-    gros                 gro
-    gross                gross
-    grosser              grosser
-    grossly              grossli
-    grossness            gross
-    ground               ground
-    grounded             ground
-    groundlings          groundl
-    grounds              ground
-    grove                grove
-    grovel               grovel
-    grovelling           grovel
-    groves               grove
-    grow                 grow
-    groweth              groweth
-    growing              grow
-    grown                grown
-    grows                grow
-    growth               growth
-    grub                 grub
-    grubb                grubb
-    grubs                grub
-    grudge               grudg
-    grudged              grudg
-    grudges              grudg
-    grudging             grudg
-    gruel                gruel
-    grumble              grumbl
-    grumblest            grumblest
-    grumbling            grumbl
-    grumblings           grumbl
-    grumio               grumio
-    grund                grund
-    grunt                grunt
-    gualtier             gualtier
-    guard                guard
-    guardage             guardag
-    guardant             guardant
-    guarded              guard
-    guardian             guardian
-    guardians            guardian
-    guards               guard
-    guardsman            guardsman
-    gud                  gud
-    gudgeon              gudgeon
-    guerdon              guerdon
-    guerra               guerra
-    guess                guess
-    guesses              guess
-    guessingly           guessingli
-    guest                guest
-    guests               guest
-    guiana               guiana
-    guichard             guichard
-    guide                guid
-    guided               guid
-    guider               guider
-    guiderius            guideriu
-    guides               guid
-    guiding              guid
-    guidon               guidon
-    guienne              guienn
-    guil                 guil
-    guildenstern         guildenstern
-    guilders             guilder
-    guildford            guildford
-    guildhall            guildhal
-    guile                guil
-    guiled               guil
-    guileful             guil
-    guilfords            guilford
-    guilt                guilt
-    guiltian             guiltian
-    guiltier             guiltier
-    guiltily             guiltili
-    guiltiness           guilti
-    guiltless            guiltless
-    guilts               guilt
-    guilty               guilti
-    guinea               guinea
-    guinever             guinev
-    guise                guis
-    gul                  gul
-    gules                gule
-    gulf                 gulf
-    gulfs                gulf
-    gull                 gull
-    gulls                gull
-    gum                  gum
-    gumm                 gumm
-    gums                 gum
-    gun                  gun
-    gunner               gunner
-    gunpowder            gunpowd
-    guns                 gun
-    gurnet               gurnet
-    gurney               gurnei
-    gust                 gust
-    gusts                gust
-    gusty                gusti
-    guts                 gut
-    gutter               gutter
-    guy                  gui
-    guynes               guyn
-    guysors              guysor
-    gypsy                gypsi
-    gyve                 gyve
-    gyved                gyve
-    gyves                gyve
-    h                    h
-    ha                   ha
-    haberdasher          haberdash
-    habiliment           habili
-    habiliments          habili
-    habit                habit
-    habitation           habit
-    habited              habit
-    habits               habit
-    habitude             habitud
-    hack                 hack
-    hacket               hacket
-    hackney              hacknei
-    hacks                hack
-    had                  had
-    hadst                hadst
-    haec                 haec
-    haeres               haer
-    hag                  hag
-    hagar                hagar
-    haggard              haggard
-    haggards             haggard
-    haggish              haggish
-    haggled              haggl
-    hags                 hag
-    hail                 hail
-    hailed               hail
-    hailstone            hailston
-    hailstones           hailston
-    hair                 hair
-    hairless             hairless
-    hairs                hair
-    hairy                hairi
-    hal                  hal
-    halberd              halberd
-    halberds             halberd
-    halcyon              halcyon
-    hale                 hale
-    haled                hale
-    hales                hale
-    half                 half
-    halfcan              halfcan
-    halfpence            halfpenc
-    halfpenny            halfpenni
-    halfpennyworth       halfpennyworth
-    halfway              halfwai
-    halidom              halidom
-    hall                 hall
-    halloa               halloa
-    halloing             hallo
-    hallond              hallond
-    halloo               halloo
-    hallooing            halloo
-    hallow               hallow
-    hallowed             hallow
-    hallowmas            hallowma
-    hallown              hallown
-    hals                 hal
-    halt                 halt
-    halter               halter
-    halters              halter
-    halting              halt
-    halts                halt
-    halves               halv
-    ham                  ham
-    hames                hame
-    hamlet               hamlet
-    hammer               hammer
-    hammered             hammer
-    hammering            hammer
-    hammers              hammer
-    hamper               hamper
-    hampton              hampton
-    hams                 ham
-    hamstring            hamstr
-    hand                 hand
-    handed               hand
-    handful              hand
-    handicraft           handicraft
-    handicraftsmen       handicraftsmen
-    handing              hand
-    handiwork            handiwork
-    handkercher          handkerch
-    handkerchers         handkerch
-    handkerchief         handkerchief
-    handle               handl
-    handled              handl
-    handles              handl
-    handless             handless
-    handlest             handlest
-    handling             handl
-    handmaid             handmaid
-    handmaids            handmaid
-    hands                hand
-    handsaw              handsaw
-    handsome             handsom
-    handsomely           handsom
-    handsomeness         handsom
-    handwriting          handwrit
-    handy                handi
-    hang                 hang
-    hanged               hang
-    hangers              hanger
-    hangeth              hangeth
-    hanging              hang
-    hangings             hang
-    hangman              hangman
-    hangmen              hangmen
-    hangs                hang
-    hannibal             hannib
-    hap                  hap
-    hapless              hapless
-    haply                hapli
-    happ                 happ
-    happen               happen
-    happened             happen
-    happier              happier
-    happies              happi
-    happiest             happiest
-    happily              happili
-    happiness            happi
-    happy                happi
-    haps                 hap
-    harbinger            harbing
-    harbingers           harbing
-    harbor               harbor
-    harbour              harbour
-    harbourage           harbourag
-    harbouring           harbour
-    harbours             harbour
-    harcourt             harcourt
-    hard                 hard
-    harder               harder
-    hardest              hardest
-    hardiest             hardiest
-    hardiment            hardiment
-    hardiness            hardi
-    hardly               hardli
-    hardness             hard
-    hardocks             hardock
-    hardy                hardi
-    hare                 hare
-    harelip              harelip
-    hares                hare
-    harfleur             harfleur
-    hark                 hark
-    harlot               harlot
-    harlotry             harlotri
-    harlots              harlot
-    harm                 harm
-    harmed               harm
-    harmful              harm
-    harming              harm
-    harmless             harmless
-    harmonious           harmoni
-    harmony              harmoni
-    harms                harm
-    harness              har
-    harp                 harp
-    harper               harper
-    harpier              harpier
-    harping              harp
-    harpy                harpi
-    harried              harri
-    harrow               harrow
-    harrows              harrow
-    harry                harri
-    harsh                harsh
-    harshly              harshli
-    harshness            harsh
-    hart                 hart
-    harts                hart
-    harum                harum
-    harvest              harvest
-    has                  ha
-    hast                 hast
-    haste                hast
-    hasted               hast
-    hasten               hasten
-    hastes               hast
-    hastily              hastili
-    hasting              hast
-    hastings             hast
-    hasty                hasti
-    hat                  hat
-    hatch                hatch
-    hatches              hatch
-    hatchet              hatchet
-    hatching             hatch
-    hatchment            hatchment
-    hate                 hate
-    hated                hate
-    hateful              hate
-    hater                hater
-    haters               hater
-    hates                hate
-    hateth               hateth
-    hatfield             hatfield
-    hath                 hath
-    hating               hate
-    hatred               hatr
-    hats                 hat
-    haud                 haud
-    hauf                 hauf
-    haught               haught
-    haughtiness          haughti
-    haughty              haughti
-    haunch               haunch
-    haunches             haunch
-    haunt                haunt
-    haunted              haunt
-    haunting             haunt
-    haunts               haunt
-    hautboy              hautboi
-    hautboys             hautboi
-    have                 have
-    haven                haven
-    havens               haven
-    haver                haver
-    having               have
-    havings              have
-    havior               havior
-    haviour              haviour
-    havoc                havoc
-    hawk                 hawk
-    hawking              hawk
-    hawks                hawk
-    hawthorn             hawthorn
-    hawthorns            hawthorn
-    hay                  hai
-    hazard               hazard
-    hazarded             hazard
-    hazards              hazard
-    hazel                hazel
-    hazelnut             hazelnut
-    he                   he
-    head                 head
-    headborough          headborough
-    headed               head
-    headier              headier
-    heading              head
-    headland             headland
-    headless             headless
-    headlong             headlong
-    heads                head
-    headsman             headsman
-    headstrong           headstrong
-    heady                headi
-    heal                 heal
-    healed               heal
-    healing              heal
-    heals                heal
-    health               health
-    healthful            health
-    healths              health
-    healthsome           healthsom
-    healthy              healthi
-    heap                 heap
-    heaping              heap
-    heaps                heap
-    hear                 hear
-    heard                heard
-    hearer               hearer
-    hearers              hearer
-    hearest              hearest
-    heareth              heareth
-    hearing              hear
-    hearings             hear
-    heark                heark
-    hearken              hearken
-    hearkens             hearken
-    hears                hear
-    hearsay              hearsai
-    hearse               hears
-    hearsed              hears
-    hearst               hearst
-    heart                heart
-    heartache            heartach
-    heartbreak           heartbreak
-    heartbreaking        heartbreak
-    hearted              heart
-    hearten              hearten
-    hearth               hearth
-    hearths              hearth
-    heartily             heartili
-    heartiness           hearti
-    heartless            heartless
-    heartlings           heartl
-    heartly              heartli
-    hearts               heart
-    heartsick            heartsick
-    heartstrings         heartstr
-    hearty               hearti
-    heat                 heat
-    heated               heat
-    heath                heath
-    heathen              heathen
-    heathenish           heathenish
-    heating              heat
-    heats                heat
-    heauties             heauti
-    heav                 heav
-    heave                heav
-    heaved               heav
-    heaven               heaven
-    heavenly             heavenli
-    heavens              heaven
-    heaves               heav
-    heavier              heavier
-    heaviest             heaviest
-    heavily              heavili
-    heaviness            heavi
-    heaving              heav
-    heavings             heav
-    heavy                heavi
-    hebona               hebona
-    hebrew               hebrew
-    hecate               hecat
-    hectic               hectic
-    hector               hector
-    hectors              hector
-    hecuba               hecuba
-    hedg                 hedg
-    hedge                hedg
-    hedgehog             hedgehog
-    hedgehogs            hedgehog
-    hedges               hedg
-    heed                 heed
-    heeded               heed
-    heedful              heed
-    heedfull             heedful
-    heedfully            heedfulli
-    heedless             heedless
-    heel                 heel
-    heels                heel
-    hefted               heft
-    hefts                heft
-    heifer               heifer
-    heifers              heifer
-    heigh                heigh
-    height               height
-    heighten             heighten
-    heinous              heinou
-    heinously            heinous
-    heir                 heir
-    heiress              heiress
-    heirless             heirless
-    heirs                heir
-    held                 held
-    helen                helen
-    helena               helena
-    helenus              helenu
-    helias               helia
-    helicons             helicon
-    hell                 hell
-    hellespont           hellespont
-    hellfire             hellfir
-    hellish              hellish
-    helm                 helm
-    helmed               helm
-    helmet               helmet
-    helmets              helmet
-    helms                helm
-    help                 help
-    helper               helper
-    helpers              helper
-    helpful              help
-    helping              help
-    helpless             helpless
-    helps                help
-    helter               helter
-    hem                  hem
-    heme                 heme
-    hemlock              hemlock
-    hemm                 hemm
-    hemp                 hemp
-    hempen               hempen
-    hems                 hem
-    hen                  hen
-    hence                henc
-    henceforth           henceforth
-    henceforward         henceforward
-    henchman             henchman
-    henri                henri
-    henricus             henricu
-    henry                henri
-    hens                 hen
-    hent                 hent
-    henton               henton
-    her                  her
-    herald               herald
-    heraldry             heraldri
-    heralds              herald
-    herb                 herb
-    herbert              herbert
-    herblets             herblet
-    herbs                herb
-    herculean            herculean
-    hercules             hercul
-    herd                 herd
-    herds                herd
-    herdsman             herdsman
-    herdsmen             herdsmen
-    here                 here
-    hereabout            hereabout
-    hereabouts           hereabout
-    hereafter            hereaft
-    hereby               herebi
-    hereditary           hereditari
-    hereford             hereford
-    herefordshire        herefordshir
-    herein               herein
-    hereof               hereof
-    heresies             heresi
-    heresy               heresi
-    heretic              heret
-    heretics             heret
-    hereto               hereto
-    hereupon             hereupon
-    heritage             heritag
-    heritier             heriti
-    hermes               herm
-    hermia               hermia
-    hermione             hermion
-    hermit               hermit
-    hermitage            hermitag
-    hermits              hermit
-    herne                hern
-    hero                 hero
-    herod                herod
-    herods               herod
-    heroes               hero
-    heroic               heroic
-    heroical             heroic
-    herring              her
-    herrings             her
-    hers                 her
-    herself              herself
-    hesperides           hesperid
-    hesperus             hesperu
-    hest                 hest
-    hests                hest
-    heure                heur
-    heureux              heureux
-    hew                  hew
-    hewgh                hewgh
-    hewing               hew
-    hewn                 hewn
-    hews                 hew
-    hey                  hei
-    heyday               heydai
-    hibocrates           hibocr
-    hic                  hic
-    hiccups              hiccup
-    hick                 hick
-    hid                  hid
-    hidden               hidden
-    hide                 hide
-    hideous              hideou
-    hideously            hideous
-    hideousness          hideous
-    hides                hide
-    hidest               hidest
-    hiding               hide
-    hie                  hie
-    hied                 hi
-    hiems                hiem
-    hies                 hi
-    hig                  hig
-    high                 high
-    higher               higher
-    highest              highest
-    highly               highli
-    highmost             highmost
-    highness             high
-    hight                hight
-    highway              highwai
-    highways             highwai
-    hilding              hild
-    hildings             hild
-    hill                 hill
-    hillo                hillo
-    hilloa               hilloa
-    hills                hill
-    hilt                 hilt
-    hilts                hilt
-    hily                 hili
-    him                  him
-    himself              himself
-    hinc                 hinc
-    hinckley             hincklei
-    hind                 hind
-    hinder               hinder
-    hindered             hinder
-    hinders              hinder
-    hindmost             hindmost
-    hinds                hind
-    hing                 hing
-    hinge                hing
-    hinges               hing
-    hint                 hint
-    hip                  hip
-    hipp                 hipp
-    hipparchus           hipparchu
-    hippolyta            hippolyta
-    hips                 hip
-    hir                  hir
-    hire                 hire
-    hired                hire
-    hiren                hiren
-    hirtius              hirtiu
-    his                  hi
-    hisperia             hisperia
-    hiss                 hiss
-    hisses               hiss
-    hissing              hiss
-    hist                 hist
-    historical           histor
-    history              histori
-    hit                  hit
-    hither               hither
-    hitherto             hitherto
-    hitherward           hitherward
-    hitherwards          hitherward
-    hits                 hit
-    hitting              hit
-    hive                 hive
-    hives                hive
-    hizzing              hizz
-    ho                   ho
-    hoa                  hoa
-    hoar                 hoar
-    hoard                hoard
-    hoarded              hoard
-    hoarding             hoard
-    hoars                hoar
-    hoarse               hoars
-    hoary                hoari
-    hob                  hob
-    hobbididence         hobbidid
-    hobby                hobbi
-    hobbyhorse           hobbyhors
-    hobgoblin            hobgoblin
-    hobnails             hobnail
-    hoc                  hoc
-    hod                  hod
-    hodge                hodg
-    hog                  hog
-    hogs                 hog
-    hogshead             hogshead
-    hogsheads            hogshead
-    hois                 hoi
-    hoise                hois
-    hoist                hoist
-    hoisted              hoist
-    hoists               hoist
-    holborn              holborn
-    hold                 hold
-    holden               holden
-    holder               holder
-    holdeth              holdeth
-    holdfast             holdfast
-    holding              hold
-    holds                hold
-    hole                 hole
-    holes                hole
-    holidam              holidam
-    holidame             holidam
-    holiday              holidai
-    holidays             holidai
-    holier               holier
-    holiest              holiest
-    holily               holili
-    holiness             holi
-    holla                holla
-    holland              holland
-    hollander            holland
-    hollanders           holland
-    holloa               holloa
-    holloaing            holloa
-    hollow               hollow
-    hollowly             hollowli
-    hollowness           hollow
-    holly                holli
-    holmedon             holmedon
-    holofernes           holofern
-    holp                 holp
-    holy                 holi
-    homage               homag
-    homager              homag
-    home                 home
-    homely               home
-    homes                home
-    homespuns            homespun
-    homeward             homeward
-    homewards            homeward
-    homicide             homicid
-    homicides            homicid
-    homily               homili
-    hominem              hominem
-    hommes               homm
-    homo                 homo
-    honest               honest
-    honester             honest
-    honestest            honestest
-    honestly             honestli
-    honesty              honesti
-    honey                honei
-    honeycomb            honeycomb
-    honeying             honei
-    honeyless            honeyless
-    honeysuckle          honeysuckl
-    honeysuckles         honeysuckl
-    honi                 honi
-    honneur              honneur
-    honor                honor
-    honorable            honor
-    honorably            honor
-    honorato             honorato
-    honors               honor
-    honour               honour
-    honourable           honour
-    honourably           honour
-    honoured             honour
-    honourest            honourest
-    honourible           honour
-    honouring            honour
-    honours              honour
-    hoo                  hoo
-    hood                 hood
-    hooded               hood
-    hoodman              hoodman
-    hoods                hood
-    hoodwink             hoodwink
-    hoof                 hoof
-    hoofs                hoof
-    hook                 hook
-    hooking              hook
-    hooks                hook
-    hoop                 hoop
-    hoops                hoop
-    hoot                 hoot
-    hooted               hoot
-    hooting              hoot
-    hoots                hoot
-    hop                  hop
-    hope                 hope
-    hopeful              hope
-    hopeless             hopeless
-    hopes                hope
-    hopest               hopest
-    hoping               hope
-    hopkins              hopkin
-    hoppedance           hopped
-    hor                  hor
-    horace               horac
-    horatio              horatio
-    horizon              horizon
-    horn                 horn
-    hornbook             hornbook
-    horned               horn
-    horner               horner
-    horning              horn
-    hornpipes            hornpip
-    horns                horn
-    horologe             horolog
-    horrible             horribl
-    horribly             horribl
-    horrid               horrid
-    horrider             horrid
-    horridly             horridli
-    horror               horror
-    horrors              horror
-    hors                 hor
-    horse                hors
-    horseback            horseback
-    horsed               hors
-    horsehairs           horsehair
-    horseman             horseman
-    horsemanship         horsemanship
-    horsemen             horsemen
-    horses               hors
-    horseway             horsewai
-    horsing              hors
-    hortensio            hortensio
-    hortensius           hortensiu
-    horum                horum
-    hose                 hose
-    hospitable           hospit
-    hospital             hospit
-    hospitality          hospit
-    host                 host
-    hostage              hostag
-    hostages             hostag
-    hostess              hostess
-    hostile              hostil
-    hostility            hostil
-    hostilius            hostiliu
-    hosts                host
-    hot                  hot
-    hotly                hotli
-    hotspur              hotspur
-    hotter               hotter
-    hottest              hottest
-    hound                hound
-    hounds               hound
-    hour                 hour
-    hourly               hourli
-    hours                hour
-    hous                 hou
-    house                hous
-    household            household
-    householder          household
-    householders         household
-    households           household
-    housekeeper          housekeep
-    housekeepers         housekeep
-    housekeeping         housekeep
-    houseless            houseless
-    houses               hous
-    housewife            housewif
-    housewifery          housewiferi
-    housewives           housew
-    hovel                hovel
-    hover                hover
-    hovered              hover
-    hovering             hover
-    hovers               hover
-    how                  how
-    howbeit              howbeit
-    howe                 how
-    howeer               howeer
-    however              howev
-    howl                 howl
-    howled               howl
-    howlet               howlet
-    howling              howl
-    howls                howl
-    howsoe               howso
-    howsoever            howsoev
-    howsome              howsom
-    hoxes                hox
-    hoy                  hoi
-    hoyday               hoydai
-    hubert               hubert
-    huddled              huddl
-    huddling             huddl
-    hue                  hue
-    hued                 hu
-    hues                 hue
-    hug                  hug
-    huge                 huge
-    hugely               huge
-    hugeness             huge
-    hugg                 hugg
-    hugger               hugger
-    hugh                 hugh
-    hugs                 hug
-    hujus                huju
-    hulk                 hulk
-    hulks                hulk
-    hull                 hull
-    hulling              hull
-    hullo                hullo
-    hum                  hum
-    human                human
-    humane               human
-    humanely             human
-    humanity             human
-    humble               humbl
-    humbled              humbl
-    humbleness           humbl
-    humbler              humbler
-    humbles              humbl
-    humblest             humblest
-    humbling             humbl
-    humbly               humbl
-    hume                 hume
-    humh                 humh
-    humidity             humid
-    humility             humil
-    humming              hum
-    humor                humor
-    humorous             humor
-    humors               humor
-    humour               humour
-    humourists           humourist
-    humours              humour
-    humphrey             humphrei
-    humphry              humphri
-    hums                 hum
-    hundred              hundr
-    hundreds             hundr
-    hundredth            hundredth
-    hung                 hung
-    hungarian            hungarian
-    hungary              hungari
-    hunger               hunger
-    hungerford           hungerford
-    hungerly             hungerli
-    hungry               hungri
-    hunt                 hunt
-    hunted               hunt
-    hunter               hunter
-    hunters              hunter
-    hunteth              hunteth
-    hunting              hunt
-    huntington           huntington
-    huntress             huntress
-    hunts                hunt
-    huntsman             huntsman
-    huntsmen             huntsmen
-    hurdle               hurdl
-    hurl                 hurl
-    hurling              hurl
-    hurls                hurl
-    hurly                hurli
-    hurlyburly           hurlyburli
-    hurricano            hurricano
-    hurricanoes          hurricano
-    hurried              hurri
-    hurries              hurri
-    hurry                hurri
-    hurt                 hurt
-    hurting              hurt
-    hurtled              hurtl
-    hurtless             hurtless
-    hurtling             hurtl
-    hurts                hurt
-    husband              husband
-    husbanded            husband
-    husbandless          husbandless
-    husbandry            husbandri
-    husbands             husband
-    hush                 hush
-    hushes               hush
-    husht                husht
-    husks                husk
-    huswife              huswif
-    huswifes             huswif
-    hutch                hutch
-    hybla                hybla
-    hydra                hydra
-    hyen                 hyen
-    hymen                hymen
-    hymenaeus            hymenaeu
-    hymn                 hymn
-    hymns                hymn
-    hyperboles           hyperbol
-    hyperbolical         hyperbol
-    hyperion             hyperion
-    hypocrisy            hypocrisi
-    hypocrite            hypocrit
-    hypocrites           hypocrit
-    hyrcan               hyrcan
-    hyrcania             hyrcania
-    hyrcanian            hyrcanian
-    hyssop               hyssop
-    hysterica            hysterica
-    i                    i
-    iachimo              iachimo
-    iaculis              iaculi
-    iago                 iago
-    iament               iament
-    ibat                 ibat
-    icarus               icaru
-    ice                  ic
-    iceland              iceland
-    ici                  ici
-    icicle               icicl
-    icicles              icicl
-    icy                  ici
-    idea                 idea
-    ideas                idea
-    idem                 idem
-    iden                 iden
-    ides                 id
-    idiot                idiot
-    idiots               idiot
-    idle                 idl
-    idleness             idl
-    idles                idl
-    idly                 idli
-    idol                 idol
-    idolatrous           idolatr
-    idolatry             idolatri
-    ield                 ield
-    if                   if
-    ifs                  if
-    ignis                igni
-    ignoble              ignobl
-    ignobly              ignobl
-    ignominious          ignomini
-    ignominy             ignomini
-    ignomy               ignomi
-    ignorance            ignor
-    ignorant             ignor
-    ii                   ii
-    iii                  iii
-    iiii                 iiii
-    il                   il
-    ilbow                ilbow
-    ild                  ild
-    ilion                ilion
-    ilium                ilium
-    ill                  ill
-    illegitimate         illegitim
-    illiterate           illiter
-    illness              ill
-    illo                 illo
-    ills                 ill
-    illume               illum
-    illumin              illumin
-    illuminate           illumin
-    illumineth           illumineth
-    illusion             illus
-    illusions            illus
-    illustrate           illustr
-    illustrated          illustr
-    illustrious          illustri
-    illyria              illyria
-    illyrian             illyrian
-    ils                  il
-    im                   im
-    image                imag
-    imagery              imageri
-    images               imag
-    imagin               imagin
-    imaginary            imaginari
-    imagination          imagin
-    imaginations         imagin
-    imagine              imagin
-    imagining            imagin
-    imaginings           imagin
-    imbar                imbar
-    imbecility           imbecil
-    imbrue               imbru
-    imitari              imitari
-    imitate              imit
-    imitated             imit
-    imitation            imit
-    imitations           imit
-    immaculate           immacul
-    immanity             imman
-    immask               immask
-    immaterial           immateri
-    immediacy            immediaci
-    immediate            immedi
-    immediately          immedi
-    imminence            immin
-    imminent             immin
-    immoderate           immoder
-    immoderately         immoder
-    immodest             immodest
-    immoment             immoment
-    immortal             immort
-    immortaliz           immortaliz
-    immortally           immort
-    immur                immur
-    immured              immur
-    immures              immur
-    imogen               imogen
-    imp                  imp
-    impaint              impaint
-    impair               impair
-    impairing            impair
-    impale               impal
-    impaled              impal
-    impanelled           impanel
-    impart               impart
-    imparted             impart
-    impartial            imparti
-    impartment           impart
-    imparts              impart
-    impasted             impast
-    impatience           impati
-    impatient            impati
-    impatiently          impati
-    impawn               impawn
-    impeach              impeach
-    impeached            impeach
-    impeachment          impeach
-    impeachments         impeach
-    impedes              imped
-    impediment           impedi
-    impediments          impedi
-    impenetrable         impenetr
-    imperator            imper
-    imperceiverant       imperceiver
-    imperfect            imperfect
-    imperfection         imperfect
-    imperfections        imperfect
-    imperfectly          imperfectli
-    imperial             imperi
-    imperious            imperi
-    imperiously          imperi
-    impertinency         impertin
-    impertinent          impertin
-    impeticos            impetico
-    impetuosity          impetuos
-    impetuous            impetu
-    impieties            impieti
-    impiety              impieti
-    impious              impiou
-    implacable           implac
-    implements           implement
-    implies              impli
-    implor               implor
-    implorators          implor
-    implore              implor
-    implored             implor
-    imploring            implor
-    impon                impon
-    import               import
-    importance           import
-    importancy           import
-    important            import
-    importantly          importantli
-    imported             import
-    importeth            importeth
-    importing            import
-    importless           importless
-    imports              import
-    importun             importun
-    importunacy          importunaci
-    importunate          importun
-    importune            importun
-    importunes           importun
-    importunity          importun
-    impos                impo
-    impose               impos
-    imposed              impos
-    imposition           imposit
-    impositions          imposit
-    impossibilities      imposs
-    impossibility        imposs
-    impossible           imposs
-    imposthume           imposthum
-    impostor             impostor
-    impostors            impostor
-    impotence            impot
-    impotent             impot
-    impounded            impound
-    impregnable          impregn
-    imprese              impres
-    impress              impress
-    impressed            impress
-    impressest           impressest
-    impression           impress
-    impressure           impressur
-    imprimendum          imprimendum
-    imprimis             imprimi
-    imprint              imprint
-    imprinted            imprint
-    imprison             imprison
-    imprisoned           imprison
-    imprisoning          imprison
-    imprisonment         imprison
-    improbable           improb
-    improper             improp
-    improve              improv
-    improvident          improvid
-    impudence            impud
-    impudency            impud
-    impudent             impud
-    impudently           impud
-    impudique            impudiqu
-    impugn               impugn
-    impugns              impugn
-    impure               impur
-    imputation           imput
-    impute               imput
-    in                   in
-    inaccessible         inaccess
-    inaidable            inaid
-    inaudible            inaud
-    inauspicious         inauspici
-    incaged              incag
-    incantations         incant
-    incapable            incap
-    incardinate          incardin
-    incarnadine          incarnadin
-    incarnate            incarn
-    incarnation          incarn
-    incens               incen
-    incense              incens
-    incensed             incens
-    incensement          incens
-    incenses             incens
-    incensing            incens
-    incertain            incertain
-    incertainties        incertainti
-    incertainty          incertainti
-    incessant            incess
-    incessantly          incessantli
-    incest               incest
-    incestuous           incestu
-    inch                 inch
-    incharitable         incharit
-    inches               inch
-    incidency            incid
-    incident             incid
-    incision             incis
-    incite               incit
-    incites              incit
-    incivil              incivil
-    incivility           incivil
-    inclin               inclin
-    inclinable           inclin
-    inclination          inclin
-    incline              inclin
-    inclined             inclin
-    inclines             inclin
-    inclining            inclin
-    inclips              inclip
-    include              includ
-    included             includ
-    includes             includ
-    inclusive            inclus
-    incomparable         incompar
-    incomprehensible     incomprehens
-    inconsiderate        inconsider
-    inconstancy          inconst
-    inconstant           inconst
-    incontinency         incontin
-    incontinent          incontin
-    incontinently        incontin
-    inconvenience        inconveni
-    inconveniences       inconveni
-    inconvenient         inconveni
-    incony               inconi
-    incorporate          incorpor
-    incorps              incorp
-    incorrect            incorrect
-    increas              increa
-    increase             increas
-    increases            increas
-    increaseth           increaseth
-    increasing           increas
-    incredible           incred
-    incredulous          incredul
-    incur                incur
-    incurable            incur
-    incurr               incurr
-    incurred             incur
-    incursions           incurs
-    ind                  ind
-    inde                 ind
-    indebted             indebt
-    indeed               inde
-    indent               indent
-    indented             indent
-    indenture            indentur
-    indentures           indentur
-    index                index
-    indexes              index
-    india                india
-    indian               indian
-    indict               indict
-    indicted             indict
-    indictment           indict
-    indies               indi
-    indifferency         indiffer
-    indifferent          indiffer
-    indifferently        indiffer
-    indigent             indig
-    indigest             indigest
-    indigested           indigest
-    indign               indign
-    indignation          indign
-    indignations         indign
-    indigne              indign
-    indignities          indign
-    indignity            indign
-    indirect             indirect
-    indirection          indirect
-    indirections         indirect
-    indirectly           indirectli
-    indiscreet           indiscreet
-    indiscretion         indiscret
-    indispos             indispo
-    indisposition        indisposit
-    indissoluble         indissolubl
-    indistinct           indistinct
-    indistinguish        indistinguish
-    indistinguishable    indistinguish
-    indited              indit
-    individable          individ
-    indrench             indrench
-    indu                 indu
-    indubitate           indubit
-    induc                induc
-    induce               induc
-    induced              induc
-    inducement           induc
-    induction            induct
-    inductions           induct
-    indue                indu
-    indued               indu
-    indues               indu
-    indulgence           indulg
-    indulgences          indulg
-    indulgent            indulg
-    indurance            indur
-    industrious          industri
-    industriously        industri
-    industry             industri
-    inequality           inequ
-    inestimable          inestim
-    inevitable           inevit
-    inexecrable          inexecr
-    inexorable           inexor
-    inexplicable         inexplic
-    infallible           infal
-    infallibly           infal
-    infamonize           infamon
-    infamous             infam
-    infamy               infami
-    infancy              infanc
-    infant               infant
-    infants              infant
-    infect               infect
-    infected             infect
-    infecting            infect
-    infection            infect
-    infections           infect
-    infectious           infecti
-    infectiously         infecti
-    infects              infect
-    infer                infer
-    inference            infer
-    inferior             inferior
-    inferiors            inferior
-    infernal             infern
-    inferr               inferr
-    inferreth            inferreth
-    inferring            infer
-    infest               infest
-    infidel              infidel
-    infidels             infidel
-    infinite             infinit
-    infinitely           infinit
-    infinitive           infinit
-    infirm               infirm
-    infirmities          infirm
-    infirmity            infirm
-    infixed              infix
-    infixing             infix
-    inflam               inflam
-    inflame              inflam
-    inflaming            inflam
-    inflammation         inflamm
-    inflict              inflict
-    infliction           inflict
-    influence            influenc
-    influences           influenc
-    infold               infold
-    inform               inform
-    informal             inform
-    information          inform
-    informations         inform
-    informed             inform
-    informer             inform
-    informs              inform
-    infortunate          infortun
-    infring              infr
-    infringe             infring
-    infringed            infring
-    infus                infu
-    infuse               infus
-    infused              infus
-    infusing             infus
-    infusion             infus
-    ingener              ingen
-    ingenious            ingeni
-    ingeniously          ingeni
-    inglorious           inglori
-    ingots               ingot
-    ingraffed            ingraf
-    ingraft              ingraft
-    ingrate              ingrat
-    ingrated             ingrat
-    ingrateful           ingrat
-    ingratitude          ingratitud
-    ingratitudes         ingratitud
-    ingredient           ingredi
-    ingredients          ingredi
-    ingross              ingross
-    inhabit              inhabit
-    inhabitable          inhabit
-    inhabitants          inhabit
-    inhabited            inhabit
-    inhabits             inhabit
-    inhearse             inhears
-    inhearsed            inhears
-    inherent             inher
-    inherit              inherit
-    inheritance          inherit
-    inherited            inherit
-    inheriting           inherit
-    inheritor            inheritor
-    inheritors           inheritor
-    inheritrix           inheritrix
-    inherits             inherit
-    inhibited            inhibit
-    inhibition           inhibit
-    inhoop               inhoop
-    inhuman              inhuman
-    iniquities           iniqu
-    iniquity             iniqu
-    initiate             initi
-    injointed            injoint
-    injunction           injunct
-    injunctions          injunct
-    injur                injur
-    injure               injur
-    injurer              injur
-    injuries             injuri
-    injurious            injuri
-    injury               injuri
-    injustice            injustic
-    ink                  ink
-    inkhorn              inkhorn
-    inkle                inkl
-    inkles               inkl
-    inkling              inkl
-    inky                 inki
-    inlaid               inlaid
-    inland               inland
-    inlay                inlai
-    inly                 inli
-    inmost               inmost
-    inn                  inn
-    inner                inner
-    innkeeper            innkeep
-    innocence            innoc
-    innocency            innoc
-    innocent             innoc
-    innocents            innoc
-    innovation           innov
-    innovator            innov
-    inns                 inn
-    innumerable          innumer
-    inoculate            inocul
-    inordinate           inordin
-    inprimis             inprimi
-    inquir               inquir
-    inquire              inquir
-    inquiry              inquiri
-    inquisition          inquisit
-    inquisitive          inquisit
-    inroads              inroad
-    insane               insan
-    insanie              insani
-    insatiate            insati
-    insconce             insconc
-    inscrib              inscrib
-    inscription          inscript
-    inscriptions         inscript
-    inscroll             inscrol
-    inscrutable          inscrut
-    insculp              insculp
-    insculpture          insculptur
-    insensible           insens
-    inseparable          insepar
-    inseparate           insepar
-    insert               insert
-    inserted             insert
-    inset                inset
-    inshell              inshel
-    inshipp              inshipp
-    inside               insid
-    insinewed            insinew
-    insinuate            insinu
-    insinuateth          insinuateth
-    insinuating          insinu
-    insinuation          insinu
-    insisted             insist
-    insisting            insist
-    insisture            insistur
-    insociable           insoci
-    insolence            insol
-    insolent             insol
-    insomuch             insomuch
-    inspir               inspir
-    inspiration          inspir
-    inspirations         inspir
-    inspire              inspir
-    inspired             inspir
-    install              instal
-    installed            instal
-    instalment           instal
-    instance             instanc
-    instances            instanc
-    instant              instant
-    instantly            instantli
-    instate              instat
-    instead              instead
-    insteeped            insteep
-    instigate            instig
-    instigated           instig
-    instigation          instig
-    instigations         instig
-    instigator           instig
-    instinct             instinct
-    instinctively        instinct
-    institute            institut
-    institutions         institut
-    instruct             instruct
-    instructed           instruct
-    instruction          instruct
-    instructions         instruct
-    instructs            instruct
-    instrument           instrument
-    instrumental         instrument
-    instruments          instrument
-    insubstantial        insubstanti
-    insufficience        insuffici
-    insufficiency        insuffici
-    insult               insult
-    insulted             insult
-    insulting            insult
-    insultment           insult
-    insults              insult
-    insupportable        insupport
-    insuppressive        insuppress
-    insurrection         insurrect
-    insurrections        insurrect
-    int                  int
-    integer              integ
-    integritas           integrita
-    integrity            integr
-    intellect            intellect
-    intellects           intellect
-    intellectual         intellectu
-    intelligence         intellig
-    intelligencer        intelligenc
-    intelligencing       intelligenc
-    intelligent          intellig
-    intelligis           intelligi
-    intelligo            intelligo
-    intemperance         intemper
-    intemperate          intemper
-    intend               intend
-    intended             intend
-    intendeth            intendeth
-    intending            intend
-    intendment           intend
-    intends              intend
-    intenible            inten
-    intent               intent
-    intention            intent
-    intentively          intent
-    intents              intent
-    inter                inter
-    intercept            intercept
-    intercepted          intercept
-    intercepter          intercept
-    interception         intercept
-    intercepts           intercept
-    intercession         intercess
-    intercessors         intercessor
-    interchained         interchain
-    interchang           interchang
-    interchange          interchang
-    interchangeably      interchang
-    interchangement      interchang
-    interchanging        interchang
-    interdiction         interdict
-    interest             interest
-    interim              interim
-    interims             interim
-    interior             interior
-    interjections        interject
-    interjoin            interjoin
-    interlude            interlud
-    intermingle          intermingl
-    intermission         intermiss
-    intermissive         intermiss
-    intermit             intermit
-    intermix             intermix
-    intermixed           intermix
-    interpose            interpos
-    interposer           interpos
-    interposes           interpos
-    interpret            interpret
-    interpretation       interpret
-    interpreted          interpret
-    interpreter          interpret
-    interpreters         interpret
-    interprets           interpret
-    interr               interr
-    interred             inter
-    interrogatories      interrogatori
-    interrupt            interrupt
-    interrupted          interrupt
-    interrupter          interrupt
-    interruptest         interruptest
-    interruption         interrupt
-    interrupts           interrupt
-    intertissued         intertissu
-    intervallums         intervallum
-    interview            interview
-    intestate            intest
-    intestine            intestin
-    intil                intil
-    intimate             intim
-    intimation           intim
-    intitled             intitl
-    intituled            intitul
-    into                 into
-    intolerable          intoler
-    intoxicates          intox
-    intreasured          intreasur
-    intreat              intreat
-    intrench             intrench
-    intrenchant          intrench
-    intricate            intric
-    intrinse             intrins
-    intrinsicate         intrins
-    intrude              intrud
-    intruder             intrud
-    intruding            intrud
-    intrusion            intrus
-    inundation           inund
-    inure                inur
-    inurn                inurn
-    invade               invad
-    invades              invad
-    invasion             invas
-    invasive             invas
-    invectively          invect
-    invectives           invect
-    inveigled            inveigl
-    invent               invent
-    invented             invent
-    invention            invent
-    inventions           invent
-    inventor             inventor
-    inventorially        inventori
-    inventoried          inventori
-    inventors            inventor
-    inventory            inventori
-    inverness            inver
-    invert               invert
-    invest               invest
-    invested             invest
-    investing            invest
-    investments          invest
-    inveterate           inveter
-    invincible           invinc
-    inviolable           inviol
-    invised              invis
-    invisible            invis
-    invitation           invit
-    invite               invit
-    invited              invit
-    invites              invit
-    inviting             invit
-    invitis              inviti
-    invocate             invoc
-    invocation           invoc
-    invoke               invok
-    invoked              invok
-    invulnerable         invulner
-    inward               inward
-    inwardly             inwardli
-    inwardness           inward
-    inwards              inward
-    ionia                ionia
-    ionian               ionian
-    ipse                 ips
-    ipswich              ipswich
-    ira                  ira
-    irae                 ira
-    iras                 ira
-    ire                  ir
-    ireful               ir
-    ireland              ireland
-    iris                 iri
-    irish                irish
-    irishman             irishman
-    irishmen             irishmen
-    irks                 irk
-    irksome              irksom
-    iron                 iron
-    irons                iron
-    irreconcil           irreconcil
-    irrecoverable        irrecover
-    irregular            irregular
-    irregulous           irregul
-    irreligious          irreligi
-    irremovable          irremov
-    irreparable          irrepar
-    irresolute           irresolut
-    irrevocable          irrevoc
-    is                   is
-    isabel               isabel
-    isabella             isabella
-    isbel                isbel
-    isbels               isbel
-    iscariot             iscariot
-    ise                  is
-    ish                  ish
-    isidore              isidor
-    isis                 isi
-    island               island
-    islander             island
-    islanders            island
-    islands              island
-    isle                 isl
-    isles                isl
-    israel               israel
-    issu                 issu
-    issue                issu
-    issued               issu
-    issueless            issueless
-    issues               issu
-    issuing              issu
-    ist                  ist
-    ista                 ista
-    it                   it
-    italian              italian
-    italy                itali
-    itch                 itch
-    itches               itch
-    itching              itch
-    item                 item
-    items                item
-    iteration            iter
-    ithaca               ithaca
-    its                  it
-    itself               itself
-    itshall              itshal
-    iv                   iv
-    ivory                ivori
-    ivy                  ivi
-    iwis                 iwi
-    ix                   ix
-    j                    j
-    jacet                jacet
-    jack                 jack
-    jackanapes           jackanap
-    jacks                jack
-    jacksauce            jacksauc
-    jackslave            jackslav
-    jacob                jacob
-    jade                 jade
-    jaded                jade
-    jades                jade
-    jail                 jail
-    jakes                jake
-    jamany               jamani
-    james                jame
-    jamy                 jami
-    jane                 jane
-    jangled              jangl
-    jangling             jangl
-    january              januari
-    janus                janu
-    japhet               japhet
-    jaquenetta           jaquenetta
-    jaques               jaqu
-    jar                  jar
-    jarring              jar
-    jars                 jar
-    jarteer              jarteer
-    jasons               jason
-    jaunce               jaunc
-    jauncing             jaunc
-    jaundice             jaundic
-    jaundies             jaundi
-    jaw                  jaw
-    jawbone              jawbon
-    jaws                 jaw
-    jay                  jai
-    jays                 jai
-    jc                   jc
-    je                   je
-    jealous              jealou
-    jealousies           jealousi
-    jealousy             jealousi
-    jeer                 jeer
-    jeering              jeer
-    jelly                jelli
-    jenny                jenni
-    jeopardy             jeopardi
-    jephtha              jephtha
-    jephthah             jephthah
-    jerkin               jerkin
-    jerkins              jerkin
-    jerks                jerk
-    jeronimy             jeronimi
-    jerusalem            jerusalem
-    jeshu                jeshu
-    jesses               jess
-    jessica              jessica
-    jest                 jest
-    jested               jest
-    jester               jester
-    jesters              jester
-    jesting              jest
-    jests                jest
-    jesu                 jesu
-    jesus                jesu
-    jet                  jet
-    jets                 jet
-    jew                  jew
-    jewel                jewel
-    jeweller             jewel
-    jewels               jewel
-    jewess               jewess
-    jewish               jewish
-    jewry                jewri
-    jews                 jew
-    jezebel              jezebel
-    jig                  jig
-    jigging              jig
-    jill                 jill
-    jills                jill
-    jingling             jingl
-    joan                 joan
-    job                  job
-    jockey               jockei
-    jocund               jocund
-    jog                  jog
-    jogging              jog
-    john                 john
-    johns                john
-    join                 join
-    joinder              joinder
-    joined               join
-    joiner               joiner
-    joineth              joineth
-    joins                join
-    joint                joint
-    jointed              joint
-    jointing             joint
-    jointly              jointli
-    jointress            jointress
-    joints               joint
-    jointure             jointur
-    jollity              jolliti
-    jolly                jolli
-    jolt                 jolt
-    joltheads            jolthead
-    jordan               jordan
-    joseph               joseph
-    joshua               joshua
-    jot                  jot
-    jour                 jour
-    jourdain             jourdain
-    journal              journal
-    journey              journei
-    journeying           journei
-    journeyman           journeyman
-    journeymen           journeymen
-    journeys             journei
-    jove                 jove
-    jovem                jovem
-    jovial               jovial
-    jowl                 jowl
-    jowls                jowl
-    joy                  joi
-    joyed                joi
-    joyful               joy
-    joyfully             joyfulli
-    joyless              joyless
-    joyous               joyou
-    joys                 joi
-    juan                 juan
-    jud                  jud
-    judas                juda
-    judases              judas
-    jude                 jude
-    judg                 judg
-    judge                judg
-    judged               judg
-    judgement            judgement
-    judges               judg
-    judgest              judgest
-    judging              judg
-    judgment             judgment
-    judgments            judgment
-    judicious            judici
-    jug                  jug
-    juggle               juggl
-    juggled              juggl
-    juggler              juggler
-    jugglers             juggler
-    juggling             juggl
-    jugs                 jug
-    juice                juic
-    juiced               juic
-    jul                  jul
-    jule                 jule
-    julia                julia
-    juliet               juliet
-    julietta             julietta
-    julio                julio
-    julius               juliu
-    july                 juli
-    jump                 jump
-    jumpeth              jumpeth
-    jumping              jump
-    jumps                jump
-    june                 june
-    junes                june
-    junior               junior
-    junius               juniu
-    junkets              junket
-    juno                 juno
-    jupiter              jupit
-    jure                 jure
-    jurement             jurement
-    jurisdiction         jurisdict
-    juror                juror
-    jurors               juror
-    jury                 juri
-    jurymen              jurymen
-    just                 just
-    justeius             justeiu
-    justest              justest
-    justice              justic
-    justicer             justic
-    justicers            justic
-    justices             justic
-    justification        justif
-    justified            justifi
-    justify              justifi
-    justle               justl
-    justled              justl
-    justles              justl
-    justling             justl
-    justly               justli
-    justness             just
-    justs                just
-    jutting              jut
-    jutty                jutti
-    juvenal              juven
-    kam                  kam
-    kate                 kate
-    kated                kate
-    kates                kate
-    katharine            katharin
-    katherina            katherina
-    katherine            katherin
-    kecksies             kecksi
-    keech                keech
-    keel                 keel
-    keels                keel
-    keen                 keen
-    keenness             keen
-    keep                 keep
-    keepdown             keepdown
-    keeper               keeper
-    keepers              keeper
-    keepest              keepest
-    keeping              keep
-    keeps                keep
-    keiser               keiser
-    ken                  ken
-    kendal               kendal
-    kennel               kennel
-    kent                 kent
-    kentish              kentish
-    kentishman           kentishman
-    kentishmen           kentishmen
-    kept                 kept
-    kerchief             kerchief
-    kerely               kere
-    kern                 kern
-    kernal               kernal
-    kernel               kernel
-    kernels              kernel
-    kerns                kern
-    kersey               kersei
-    kettle               kettl
-    kettledrum           kettledrum
-    kettledrums          kettledrum
-    key                  kei
-    keys                 kei
-    kibe                 kibe
-    kibes                kibe
-    kick                 kick
-    kicked               kick
-    kickshaws            kickshaw
-    kickshawses          kickshaws
-    kicky                kicki
-    kid                  kid
-    kidney               kidnei
-    kikely               kike
-    kildare              kildar
-    kill                 kill
-    killed               kill
-    killer               killer
-    killeth              killeth
-    killing              kill
-    killingworth         killingworth
-    kills                kill
-    kiln                 kiln
-    kimbolton            kimbolton
-    kin                  kin
-    kind                 kind
-    kinder               kinder
-    kindest              kindest
-    kindle               kindl
-    kindled              kindl
-    kindless             kindless
-    kindlier             kindlier
-    kindling             kindl
-    kindly               kindli
-    kindness             kind
-    kindnesses           kind
-    kindred              kindr
-    kindreds             kindr
-    kinds                kind
-    kine                 kine
-    king                 king
-    kingdom              kingdom
-    kingdoms             kingdom
-    kingly               kingli
-    kings                king
-    kinred               kinr
-    kins                 kin
-    kinsman              kinsman
-    kinsmen              kinsmen
-    kinswoman            kinswoman
-    kirtle               kirtl
-    kirtles              kirtl
-    kiss                 kiss
-    kissed               kiss
-    kisses               kiss
-    kissing              kiss
-    kitchen              kitchen
-    kitchens             kitchen
-    kite                 kite
-    kites                kite
-    kitten               kitten
-    kj                   kj
-    kl                   kl
-    klll                 klll
-    knack                knack
-    knacks               knack
-    knapp                knapp
-    knav                 knav
-    knave                knave
-    knaveries            knaveri
-    knavery              knaveri
-    knaves               knave
-    knavish              knavish
-    knead                knead
-    kneaded              knead
-    kneading             knead
-    knee                 knee
-    kneel                kneel
-    kneeling             kneel
-    kneels               kneel
-    knees                knee
-    knell                knell
-    knew                 knew
-    knewest              knewest
-    knife                knife
-    knight               knight
-    knighted             knight
-    knighthood           knighthood
-    knighthoods          knighthood
-    knightly             knightli
-    knights              knight
-    knit                 knit
-    knits                knit
-    knitters             knitter
-    knitteth             knitteth
-    knives               knive
-    knobs                knob
-    knock                knock
-    knocking             knock
-    knocks               knock
-    knog                 knog
-    knoll                knoll
-    knot                 knot
-    knots                knot
-    knotted              knot
-    knotty               knotti
-    know                 know
-    knower               knower
-    knowest              knowest
-    knowing              know
-    knowingly            knowingli
-    knowings             know
-    knowledge            knowledg
-    known                known
-    knows                know
-    l                    l
-    la                   la
-    laban                laban
-    label                label
-    labell               label
-    labienus             labienu
-    labio                labio
-    labor                labor
-    laboring             labor
-    labors               labor
-    labour               labour
-    laboured             labour
-    labourer             labour
-    labourers            labour
-    labouring            labour
-    labours              labour
-    laboursome           laboursom
-    labras               labra
-    labyrinth            labyrinth
-    lac                  lac
-    lace                 lace
-    laced                lace
-    lacedaemon           lacedaemon
-    laces                lace
-    lacies               laci
-    lack                 lack
-    lackbeard            lackbeard
-    lacked               lack
-    lackey               lackei
-    lackeying            lackei
-    lackeys              lackei
-    lacking              lack
-    lacks                lack
-    lad                  lad
-    ladder               ladder
-    ladders              ladder
-    lade                 lade
-    laden                laden
-    ladies               ladi
-    lading               lade
-    lads                 lad
-    lady                 ladi
-    ladybird             ladybird
-    ladyship             ladyship
-    ladyships            ladyship
-    laer                 laer
-    laertes              laert
-    lafeu                lafeu
-    lag                  lag
-    lagging              lag
-    laid                 laid
-    lain                 lain
-    laissez              laissez
-    lake                 lake
-    lakes                lake
-    lakin                lakin
-    lam                  lam
-    lamb                 lamb
-    lambert              lambert
-    lambkin              lambkin
-    lambkins             lambkin
-    lambs                lamb
-    lame                 lame
-    lamely               lame
-    lameness             lame
-    lament               lament
-    lamentable           lament
-    lamentably           lament
-    lamentation          lament
-    lamentations         lament
-    lamented             lament
-    lamenting            lament
-    lamentings           lament
-    laments              lament
-    lames                lame
-    laming               lame
-    lammas               lamma
-    lammastide           lammastid
-    lamound              lamound
-    lamp                 lamp
-    lampass              lampass
-    lamps                lamp
-    lanc                 lanc
-    lancaster            lancast
-    lance                lanc
-    lances               lanc
-    lanceth              lanceth
-    lanch                lanch
-    land                 land
-    landed               land
-    landing              land
-    landless             landless
-    landlord             landlord
-    landmen              landmen
-    lands                land
-    lane                 lane
-    lanes                lane
-    langage              langag
-    langley              langlei
-    langton              langton
-    language             languag
-    languageless         languageless
-    languages            languag
-    langues              langu
-    languish             languish
-    languished           languish
-    languishes           languish
-    languishing          languish
-    languishings         languish
-    languishment         languish
-    languor              languor
-    lank                 lank
-    lantern              lantern
-    lanterns             lantern
-    lanthorn             lanthorn
-    lap                  lap
-    lapis                lapi
-    lapland              lapland
-    lapp                 lapp
-    laps                 lap
-    lapse                laps
-    lapsed               laps
-    lapsing              laps
-    lapwing              lapw
-    laquais              laquai
-    larded               lard
-    larder               larder
-    larding              lard
-    lards                lard
-    large                larg
-    largely              larg
-    largeness            larg
-    larger               larger
-    largess              largess
-    largest              largest
-    lark                 lark
-    larks                lark
-    larron               larron
-    lartius              lartiu
-    larum                larum
-    larums               larum
-    las                  la
-    lascivious           lascivi
-    lash                 lash
-    lass                 lass
-    lasses               lass
-    last                 last
-    lasted               last
-    lasting              last
-    lastly               lastli
-    lasts                last
-    latch                latch
-    latches              latch
-    late                 late
-    lated                late
-    lately               late
-    later                later
-    latest               latest
-    lath                 lath
-    latin                latin
-    latten               latten
-    latter               latter
-    lattice              lattic
-    laud                 laud
-    laudable             laudabl
-    laudis               laudi
-    laugh                laugh
-    laughable            laughabl
-    laughed              laugh
-    laugher              laugher
-    laughest             laughest
-    laughing             laugh
-    laughs               laugh
-    laughter             laughter
-    launce               launc
-    launcelot            launcelot
-    launces              launc
-    launch               launch
-    laund                laund
-    laundress            laundress
-    laundry              laundri
-    laur                 laur
-    laura                laura
-    laurel               laurel
-    laurels              laurel
-    laurence             laurenc
-    laus                 lau
-    lavache              lavach
-    lave                 lave
-    lavee                lave
-    lavender             lavend
-    lavina               lavina
-    lavinia              lavinia
-    lavish               lavish
-    lavishly             lavishli
-    lavolt               lavolt
-    lavoltas             lavolta
-    law                  law
-    lawful               law
-    lawfully             lawfulli
-    lawless              lawless
-    lawlessly            lawlessli
-    lawn                 lawn
-    lawns                lawn
-    lawrence             lawrenc
-    laws                 law
-    lawyer               lawyer
-    lawyers              lawyer
-    lay                  lai
-    layer                layer
-    layest               layest
-    laying               lai
-    lays                 lai
-    lazar                lazar
-    lazars               lazar
-    lazarus              lazaru
-    lazy                 lazi
-    lc                   lc
-    ld                   ld
-    ldst                 ldst
-    le                   le
-    lead                 lead
-    leaden               leaden
-    leader               leader
-    leaders              leader
-    leadest              leadest
-    leading              lead
-    leads                lead
-    leaf                 leaf
-    leagu                leagu
-    league               leagu
-    leagued              leagu
-    leaguer              leaguer
-    leagues              leagu
-    leah                 leah
-    leak                 leak
-    leaky                leaki
-    lean                 lean
-    leander              leander
-    leaner               leaner
-    leaning              lean
-    leanness             lean
-    leans                lean
-    leap                 leap
-    leaped               leap
-    leaping              leap
-    leaps                leap
-    leapt                leapt
-    lear                 lear
-    learn                learn
-    learned              learn
-    learnedly            learnedli
-    learning             learn
-    learnings            learn
-    learns               learn
-    learnt               learnt
-    leas                 lea
-    lease                leas
-    leases               leas
-    leash                leash
-    leasing              leas
-    least                least
-    leather              leather
-    leathern             leathern
-    leav                 leav
-    leave                leav
-    leaven               leaven
-    leavening            leaven
-    leaver               leaver
-    leaves               leav
-    leaving              leav
-    leavy                leavi
-    lecher               lecher
-    lecherous            lecher
-    lechers              lecher
-    lechery              lecheri
-    lecon                lecon
-    lecture              lectur
-    lectures             lectur
-    led                  led
-    leda                 leda
-    leech                leech
-    leeches              leech
-    leek                 leek
-    leeks                leek
-    leer                 leer
-    leers                leer
-    lees                 lee
-    leese                lees
-    leet                 leet
-    leets                leet
-    left                 left
-    leg                  leg
-    legacies             legaci
-    legacy               legaci
-    legate               legat
-    legatine             legatin
-    lege                 lege
-    legerity             leger
-    leges                lege
-    legg                 legg
-    legion               legion
-    legions              legion
-    legitimate           legitim
-    legitimation         legitim
-    legs                 leg
-    leicester            leicest
-    leicestershire       leicestershir
-    leiger               leiger
-    leigers              leiger
-    leisure              leisur
-    leisurely            leisur
-    leisures             leisur
-    leman                leman
-    lemon                lemon
-    lena                 lena
-    lend                 lend
-    lender               lender
-    lending              lend
-    lendings             lend
-    lends                lend
-    length               length
-    lengthen             lengthen
-    lengthens            lengthen
-    lengths              length
-    lenity               leniti
-    lennox               lennox
-    lent                 lent
-    lenten               lenten
-    lentus               lentu
-    leo                  leo
-    leon                 leon
-    leonardo             leonardo
-    leonati              leonati
-    leonato              leonato
-    leonatus             leonatu
-    leontes              leont
-    leopard              leopard
-    leopards             leopard
-    leper                leper
-    leperous             leper
-    lepidus              lepidu
-    leprosy              leprosi
-    lequel               lequel
-    lers                 ler
-    les                  le
-    less                 less
-    lessen               lessen
-    lessens              lessen
-    lesser               lesser
-    lesson               lesson
-    lessoned             lesson
-    lessons              lesson
-    lest                 lest
-    lestrake             lestrak
-    let                  let
-    lethargied           lethargi
-    lethargies           lethargi
-    lethargy             lethargi
-    lethe                leth
-    lets                 let
-    lett                 lett
-    letter               letter
-    letters              letter
-    letting              let
-    lettuce              lettuc
-    leur                 leur
-    leve                 leve
-    level                level
-    levell               level
-    levelled             level
-    levels               level
-    leven                leven
-    levers               lever
-    leviathan            leviathan
-    leviathans           leviathan
-    levied               levi
-    levies               levi
-    levity               leviti
-    levy                 levi
-    levying              levi
-    lewd                 lewd
-    lewdly               lewdli
-    lewdness             lewd
-    lewdsters            lewdster
-    lewis                lewi
-    liable               liabl
-    liar                 liar
-    liars                liar
-    libbard              libbard
-    libelling            libel
-    libels               libel
-    liberal              liber
-    liberality           liber
-    liberte              libert
-    liberties            liberti
-    libertine            libertin
-    libertines           libertin
-    liberty              liberti
-    library              librari
-    libya                libya
-    licence              licenc
-    licens               licen
-    license              licens
-    licentious           licenti
-    lichas               licha
-    licio                licio
-    lick                 lick
-    licked               lick
-    licker               licker
-    lictors              lictor
-    lid                  lid
-    lids                 lid
-    lie                  lie
-    lied                 li
-    lief                 lief
-    liefest              liefest
-    liege                lieg
-    liegeman             liegeman
-    liegemen             liegemen
-    lien                 lien
-    lies                 li
-    liest                liest
-    lieth                lieth
-    lieu                 lieu
-    lieutenant           lieuten
-    lieutenantry         lieutenantri
-    lieutenants          lieuten
-    lieve                liev
-    life                 life
-    lifeblood            lifeblood
-    lifeless             lifeless
-    lifelings            lifel
-    lift                 lift
-    lifted               lift
-    lifter               lifter
-    lifteth              lifteth
-    lifting              lift
-    lifts                lift
-    lig                  lig
-    ligarius             ligariu
-    liggens              liggen
-    light                light
-    lighted              light
-    lighten              lighten
-    lightens             lighten
-    lighter              lighter
-    lightest             lightest
-    lightly              lightli
-    lightness            light
-    lightning            lightn
-    lightnings           lightn
-    lights               light
-    lik                  lik
-    like                 like
-    liked                like
-    likeliest            likeliest
-    likelihood           likelihood
-    likelihoods          likelihood
-    likely               like
-    likeness             like
-    liker                liker
-    likes                like
-    likest               likest
-    likewise             likewis
-    liking               like
-    likings              like
-    lilies               lili
-    lily                 lili
-    lim                  lim
-    limander             limand
-    limb                 limb
-    limbeck              limbeck
-    limbecks             limbeck
-    limber               limber
-    limbo                limbo
-    limbs                limb
-    lime                 lime
-    limed                lime
-    limehouse            limehous
-    limekilns            limekiln
-    limit                limit
-    limitation           limit
-    limited              limit
-    limits               limit
-    limn                 limn
-    limp                 limp
-    limping              limp
-    limps                limp
-    lin                  lin
-    lincoln              lincoln
-    lincolnshire         lincolnshir
-    line                 line
-    lineal               lineal
-    lineally             lineal
-    lineament            lineament
-    lineaments           lineament
-    lined                line
-    linen                linen
-    linens               linen
-    lines                line
-    ling                 ling
-    lingare              lingar
-    linger               linger
-    lingered             linger
-    lingers              linger
-    linguist             linguist
-    lining               line
-    link                 link
-    links                link
-    linsey               linsei
-    linstock             linstock
-    linta                linta
-    lion                 lion
-    lionel               lionel
-    lioness              lioness
-    lions                lion
-    lip                  lip
-    lipp                 lipp
-    lips                 lip
-    lipsbury             lipsburi
-    liquid               liquid
-    liquor               liquor
-    liquorish            liquorish
-    liquors              liquor
-    lirra                lirra
-    lisbon               lisbon
-    lisp                 lisp
-    lisping              lisp
-    list                 list
-    listen               listen
-    listening            listen
-    lists                list
-    literatured          literatur
-    lither               lither
-    litter               litter
-    little               littl
-    littlest             littlest
-    liv                  liv
-    live                 live
-    lived                live
-    livelier             liveli
-    livelihood           livelihood
-    livelong             livelong
-    lively               live
-    liver                liver
-    liveries             liveri
-    livers               liver
-    livery               liveri
-    lives                live
-    livest               livest
-    liveth               liveth
-    livia                livia
-    living               live
-    livings              live
-    lizard               lizard
-    lizards              lizard
-    ll                   ll
-    lll                  lll
-    llous                llou
-    lnd                  lnd
-    lo                   lo
-    loa                  loa
-    loach                loach
-    load                 load
-    loaden               loaden
-    loading              load
-    loads                load
-    loaf                 loaf
-    loam                 loam
-    loan                 loan
-    loath                loath
-    loathe               loath
-    loathed              loath
-    loather              loather
-    loathes              loath
-    loathing             loath
-    loathly              loathli
-    loathness            loath
-    loathsome            loathsom
-    loathsomeness        loathsom
-    loathsomest          loathsomest
-    loaves               loav
-    lob                  lob
-    lobbies              lobbi
-    lobby                lobbi
-    local                local
-    lochaber             lochab
-    lock                 lock
-    locked               lock
-    locking              lock
-    lockram              lockram
-    locks                lock
-    locusts              locust
-    lode                 lode
-    lodg                 lodg
-    lodge                lodg
-    lodged               lodg
-    lodgers              lodger
-    lodges               lodg
-    lodging              lodg
-    lodgings             lodg
-    lodovico             lodovico
-    lodowick             lodowick
-    lofty                lofti
-    log                  log
-    logger               logger
-    loggerhead           loggerhead
-    loggerheads          loggerhead
-    loggets              logget
-    logic                logic
-    logs                 log
-    loins                loin
-    loiter               loiter
-    loiterer             loiter
-    loiterers            loiter
-    loitering            loiter
-    lolling              loll
-    lolls                loll
-    lombardy             lombardi
-    london               london
-    londoners            london
-    lone                 lone
-    loneliness           loneli
-    lonely               lone
-    long                 long
-    longaville           longavil
-    longboat             longboat
-    longed               long
-    longer               longer
-    longest              longest
-    longeth              longeth
-    longing              long
-    longings             long
-    longly               longli
-    longs                long
-    longtail             longtail
-    loo                  loo
-    loof                 loof
-    look                 look
-    looked               look
-    looker               looker
-    lookers              looker
-    lookest              lookest
-    looking              look
-    looks                look
-    loon                 loon
-    loop                 loop
-    loos                 loo
-    loose                loos
-    loosed               loos
-    loosely              loos
-    loosen               loosen
-    loosing              loos
-    lop                  lop
-    lopp                 lopp
-    loquitur             loquitur
-    lord                 lord
-    lorded               lord
-    lording              lord
-    lordings             lord
-    lordliness           lordli
-    lordly               lordli
-    lords                lord
-    lordship             lordship
-    lordships            lordship
-    lorenzo              lorenzo
-    lorn                 lorn
-    lorraine             lorrain
-    lorship              lorship
-    los                  lo
-    lose                 lose
-    loser                loser
-    losers               loser
-    loses                lose
-    losest               losest
-    loseth               loseth
-    losing               lose
-    loss                 loss
-    losses               loss
-    lost                 lost
-    lot                  lot
-    lots                 lot
-    lott                 lott
-    lottery              lotteri
-    loud                 loud
-    louder               louder
-    loudly               loudli
-    lour                 lour
-    loureth              loureth
-    louring              lour
-    louse                lous
-    louses               lous
-    lousy                lousi
-    lout                 lout
-    louted               lout
-    louts                lout
-    louvre               louvr
-    lov                  lov
-    love                 love
-    loved                love
-    lovedst              lovedst
-    lovel                lovel
-    lovelier             loveli
-    loveliness           loveli
-    lovell               lovel
-    lovely               love
-    lover                lover
-    lovered              lover
-    lovers               lover
-    loves                love
-    lovest               lovest
-    loveth               loveth
-    loving               love
-    lovingly             lovingli
-    low                  low
-    lowe                 low
-    lower                lower
-    lowest               lowest
-    lowing               low
-    lowliness            lowli
-    lowly                lowli
-    lown                 lown
-    lowness              low
-    loyal                loyal
-    loyally              loyal
-    loyalties            loyalti
-    loyalty              loyalti
-    lozel                lozel
-    lt                   lt
-    lubber               lubber
-    lubberly             lubberli
-    luc                  luc
-    luccicos             luccico
-    luce                 luce
-    lucentio             lucentio
-    luces                luce
-    lucetta              lucetta
-    luciana              luciana
-    lucianus             lucianu
-    lucifer              lucif
-    lucifier             lucifi
-    lucilius             luciliu
-    lucina               lucina
-    lucio                lucio
-    lucius               luciu
-    luck                 luck
-    luckier              luckier
-    luckiest             luckiest
-    luckily              luckili
-    luckless             luckless
-    lucky                lucki
-    lucre                lucr
-    lucrece              lucrec
-    lucretia             lucretia
-    lucullius            luculliu
-    lucullus             lucullu
-    lucy                 luci
-    lud                  lud
-    ludlow               ludlow
-    lug                  lug
-    lugg                 lugg
-    luggage              luggag
-    luke                 luke
-    lukewarm             lukewarm
-    lull                 lull
-    lulla                lulla
-    lullaby              lullabi
-    lulls                lull
-    lumbert              lumbert
-    lump                 lump
-    lumpish              lumpish
-    luna                 luna
-    lunacies             lunaci
-    lunacy               lunaci
-    lunatic              lunat
-    lunatics             lunat
-    lunes                lune
-    lungs                lung
-    lupercal             luperc
-    lurch                lurch
-    lure                 lure
-    lurk                 lurk
-    lurketh              lurketh
-    lurking              lurk
-    lurks                lurk
-    luscious             lusciou
-    lush                 lush
-    lust                 lust
-    lusted               lust
-    luster               luster
-    lustful              lust
-    lustier              lustier
-    lustiest             lustiest
-    lustig               lustig
-    lustihood            lustihood
-    lustily              lustili
-    lustre               lustr
-    lustrous             lustrou
-    lusts                lust
-    lusty                lusti
-    lute                 lute
-    lutes                lute
-    lutestring           lutestr
-    lutheran             lutheran
-    luxurious            luxuri
-    luxuriously          luxuri
-    luxury               luxuri
-    ly                   ly
-    lycaonia             lycaonia
-    lycurguses           lycurgus
-    lydia                lydia
-    lye                  lye
-    lyen                 lyen
-    lying                ly
-    lym                  lym
-    lymoges              lymog
-    lynn                 lynn
-    lysander             lysand
-    m                    m
-    ma                   ma
-    maan                 maan
-    mab                  mab
-    macbeth              macbeth
-    maccabaeus           maccabaeu
-    macdonwald           macdonwald
-    macduff              macduff
-    mace                 mace
-    macedon              macedon
-    maces                mace
-    machiavel            machiavel
-    machination          machin
-    machinations         machin
-    machine              machin
-    mack                 mack
-    macmorris            macmorri
-    maculate             macul
-    maculation           macul
-    mad                  mad
-    madam                madam
-    madame               madam
-    madams               madam
-    madcap               madcap
-    madded               mad
-    madding              mad
-    made                 made
-    madeira              madeira
-    madly                madli
-    madman               madman
-    madmen               madmen
-    madness              mad
-    madonna              madonna
-    madrigals            madrig
-    mads                 mad
-    maecenas             maecena
-    maggot               maggot
-    maggots              maggot
-    magic                magic
-    magical              magic
-    magician             magician
-    magistrate           magistr
-    magistrates          magistr
-    magnanimity          magnanim
-    magnanimous          magnanim
-    magni                magni
-    magnifi              magnifi
-    magnificence         magnific
-    magnificent          magnific
-    magnifico            magnifico
-    magnificoes          magnifico
-    magnus               magnu
-    mahomet              mahomet
-    mahu                 mahu
-    maid                 maid
-    maiden               maiden
-    maidenhead           maidenhead
-    maidenheads          maidenhead
-    maidenhood           maidenhood
-    maidenhoods          maidenhood
-    maidenliest          maidenliest
-    maidenly             maidenli
-    maidens              maiden
-    maidhood             maidhood
-    maids                maid
-    mail                 mail
-    mailed               mail
-    mails                mail
-    maim                 maim
-    maimed               maim
-    maims                maim
-    main                 main
-    maincourse           maincours
-    maine                main
-    mainly               mainli
-    mainmast             mainmast
-    mains                main
-    maintain             maintain
-    maintained           maintain
-    maintains            maintain
-    maintenance          mainten
-    mais                 mai
-    maison               maison
-    majestas             majesta
-    majestee             majeste
-    majestic             majest
-    majestical           majest
-    majestically         majest
-    majesties            majesti
-    majesty              majesti
-    major                major
-    majority             major
-    mak                  mak
-    make                 make
-    makeless             makeless
-    maker                maker
-    makers               maker
-    makes                make
-    makest               makest
-    maketh               maketh
-    making               make
-    makings              make
-    mal                  mal
-    mala                 mala
-    maladies             maladi
-    malady               maladi
-    malapert             malapert
-    malcolm              malcolm
-    malcontent           malcont
-    malcontents          malcont
-    male                 male
-    maledictions         maledict
-    malefactions         malefact
-    malefactor           malefactor
-    malefactors          malefactor
-    males                male
-    malevolence          malevol
-    malevolent           malevol
-    malhecho             malhecho
-    malice               malic
-    malicious            malici
-    maliciously          malici
-    malign               malign
-    malignancy           malign
-    malignant            malign
-    malignantly          malignantli
-    malkin               malkin
-    mall                 mall
-    mallard              mallard
-    mallet               mallet
-    mallows              mallow
-    malmsey              malmsei
-    malt                 malt
-    maltworms            maltworm
-    malvolio             malvolio
-    mamillius            mamilliu
-    mammering            mammer
-    mammet               mammet
-    mammets              mammet
-    mammock              mammock
-    man                  man
-    manacle              manacl
-    manacles             manacl
-    manage               manag
-    managed              manag
-    manager              manag
-    managing             manag
-    manakin              manakin
-    manchus              manchu
-    mandate              mandat
-    mandragora           mandragora
-    mandrake             mandrak
-    mandrakes            mandrak
-    mane                 mane
-    manent               manent
-    manes                mane
-    manet                manet
-    manfully             manfulli
-    mangle               mangl
-    mangled              mangl
-    mangles              mangl
-    mangling             mangl
-    mangy                mangi
-    manhood              manhood
-    manhoods             manhood
-    manifest             manifest
-    manifested           manifest
-    manifests            manifest
-    manifold             manifold
-    manifoldly           manifoldli
-    manka                manka
-    mankind              mankind
-    manlike              manlik
-    manly                manli
-    mann                 mann
-    manna                manna
-    manner               manner
-    mannerly             mannerli
-    manners              manner
-    manningtree          manningtre
-    mannish              mannish
-    manor                manor
-    manors               manor
-    mans                 man
-    mansion              mansion
-    mansionry            mansionri
-    mansions             mansion
-    manslaughter         manslaught
-    mantle               mantl
-    mantled              mantl
-    mantles              mantl
-    mantua               mantua
-    mantuan              mantuan
-    manual               manual
-    manure               manur
-    manured              manur
-    manus                manu
-    many                 mani
-    map                  map
-    mapp                 mapp
-    maps                 map
-    mar                  mar
-    marble               marbl
-    marbled              marbl
-    marcade              marcad
-    marcellus            marcellu
-    march                march
-    marches              march
-    marcheth             marcheth
-    marching             march
-    marchioness          marchio
-    marchpane            marchpan
-    marcians             marcian
-    marcius              marciu
-    marcus               marcu
-    mardian              mardian
-    mare                 mare
-    mares                mare
-    marg                 marg
-    margarelon           margarelon
-    margaret             margaret
-    marge                marg
-    margent              margent
-    margery              margeri
-    maria                maria
-    marian               marian
-    mariana              mariana
-    maries               mari
-    marigold             marigold
-    mariner              marin
-    mariners             marin
-    maritime             maritim
-    marjoram             marjoram
-    mark                 mark
-    marked               mark
-    market               market
-    marketable           market
-    marketplace          marketplac
-    markets              market
-    marking              mark
-    markman              markman
-    marks                mark
-    marl                 marl
-    marle                marl
-    marmoset             marmoset
-    marquess             marquess
-    marquis              marqui
-    marr                 marr
-    marriage             marriag
-    marriages            marriag
-    married              marri
-    marries              marri
-    marring              mar
-    marrow               marrow
-    marrowless           marrowless
-    marrows              marrow
-    marry                marri
-    marrying             marri
-    mars                 mar
-    marseilles           marseil
-    marsh                marsh
-    marshal              marshal
-    marshalsea           marshalsea
-    marshalship          marshalship
-    mart                 mart
-    marted               mart
-    martem               martem
-    martext              martext
-    martial              martial
-    martin               martin
-    martino              martino
-    martius              martiu
-    martlemas            martlema
-    martlet              martlet
-    marts                mart
-    martyr               martyr
-    martyrs              martyr
-    marullus             marullu
-    marv                 marv
-    marvel               marvel
-    marvell              marvel
-    marvellous           marvel
-    marvellously         marvel
-    marvels              marvel
-    mary                 mari
-    mas                  ma
-    masculine            masculin
-    masham               masham
-    mask                 mask
-    masked               mask
-    masker               masker
-    maskers              masker
-    masking              mask
-    masks                mask
-    mason                mason
-    masonry              masonri
-    masons               mason
-    masque               masqu
-    masquers             masquer
-    masques              masqu
-    masquing             masqu
-    mass                 mass
-    massacre             massacr
-    massacres            massacr
-    masses               mass
-    massy                massi
-    mast                 mast
-    mastcr               mastcr
-    master               master
-    masterdom            masterdom
-    masterest            masterest
-    masterless           masterless
-    masterly             masterli
-    masterpiece          masterpiec
-    masters              master
-    mastership           mastership
-    mastic               mastic
-    mastiff              mastiff
-    mastiffs             mastiff
-    masts                mast
-    match                match
-    matches              match
-    matcheth             matcheth
-    matching             match
-    matchless            matchless
-    mate                 mate
-    mated                mate
-    mater                mater
-    material             materi
-    mates                mate
-    mathematics          mathemat
-    matin                matin
-    matron               matron
-    matrons              matron
-    matter               matter
-    matters              matter
-    matthew              matthew
-    mattock              mattock
-    mattress             mattress
-    mature               matur
-    maturity             matur
-    maud                 maud
-    maudlin              maudlin
-    maugre               maugr
-    maul                 maul
-    maund                maund
-    mauri                mauri
-    mauritania           mauritania
-    mauvais              mauvai
-    maw                  maw
-    maws                 maw
-    maxim                maxim
-    may                  mai
-    mayday               maydai
-    mayest               mayest
-    mayor                mayor
-    maypole              maypol
-    mayst                mayst
-    maz                  maz
-    maze                 maze
-    mazed                maze
-    mazes                maze
-    mazzard              mazzard
-    me                   me
-    meacock              meacock
-    mead                 mead
-    meadow               meadow
-    meadows              meadow
-    meads                mead
-    meagre               meagr
-    meal                 meal
-    meals                meal
-    mealy                meali
-    mean                 mean
-    meanders             meander
-    meaner               meaner
-    meanest              meanest
-    meaneth              meaneth
-    meaning              mean
-    meanings             mean
-    meanly               meanli
-    means                mean
-    meant                meant
-    meantime             meantim
-    meanwhile            meanwhil
-    measles              measl
-    measur               measur
-    measurable           measur
-    measure              measur
-    measured             measur
-    measureless          measureless
-    measures             measur
-    measuring            measur
-    meat                 meat
-    meats                meat
-    mechanic             mechan
-    mechanical           mechan
-    mechanicals          mechan
-    mechanics            mechan
-    mechante             mechant
-    med                  med
-    medal                medal
-    meddle               meddl
-    meddler              meddler
-    meddling             meddl
-    mede                 mede
-    medea                medea
-    media                media
-    mediation            mediat
-    mediators            mediat
-    medice               medic
-    medicinal            medicin
-    medicine             medicin
-    medicines            medicin
-    meditate             medit
-    meditates            medit
-    meditating           medit
-    meditation           medit
-    meditations          medit
-    mediterranean        mediterranean
-    mediterraneum        mediterraneum
-    medlar               medlar
-    medlars              medlar
-    meed                 meed
-    meeds                meed
-    meek                 meek
-    meekly               meekli
-    meekness             meek
-    meet                 meet
-    meeter               meeter
-    meetest              meetest
-    meeting              meet
-    meetings             meet
-    meetly               meetli
-    meetness             meet
-    meets                meet
-    meg                  meg
-    mehercle             mehercl
-    meilleur             meilleur
-    meiny                meini
-    meisen               meisen
-    melancholies         melancholi
-    melancholy           melancholi
-    melford              melford
-    mell                 mell
-    mellifluous          melliflu
-    mellow               mellow
-    mellowing            mellow
-    melodious            melodi
-    melody               melodi
-    melt                 melt
-    melted               melt
-    melteth              melteth
-    melting              melt
-    melts                melt
-    melun                melun
-    member               member
-    members              member
-    memento              memento
-    memorable            memor
-    memorandums          memorandum
-    memorial             memori
-    memorials            memori
-    memories             memori
-    memoriz              memoriz
-    memorize             memor
-    memory               memori
-    memphis              memphi
-    men                  men
-    menac                menac
-    menace               menac
-    menaces              menac
-    menaphon             menaphon
-    menas                mena
-    mend                 mend
-    mended               mend
-    mender               mender
-    mending              mend
-    mends                mend
-    menecrates           menecr
-    menelaus             menelau
-    menenius             meneniu
-    mental               mental
-    menteith             menteith
-    mention              mention
-    mentis               menti
-    menton               menton
-    mephostophilus       mephostophilu
-    mer                  mer
-    mercatante           mercatant
-    mercatio             mercatio
-    mercenaries          mercenari
-    mercenary            mercenari
-    mercer               mercer
-    merchandise          merchandis
-    merchandized         merchand
-    merchant             merchant
-    merchants            merchant
-    mercies              merci
-    merciful             merci
-    mercifully           mercifulli
-    merciless            merciless
-    mercurial            mercuri
-    mercuries            mercuri
-    mercury              mercuri
-    mercutio             mercutio
-    mercy                merci
-    mere                 mere
-    mered                mere
-    merely               mere
-    merest               merest
-    meridian             meridian
-    merit                merit
-    merited              merit
-    meritorious          meritori
-    merits               merit
-    merlin               merlin
-    mermaid              mermaid
-    mermaids             mermaid
-    merops               merop
-    merrier              merrier
-    merriest             merriest
-    merrily              merrili
-    merriman             merriman
-    merriment            merriment
-    merriments           merriment
-    merriness            merri
-    merry                merri
-    mervailous           mervail
-    mes                  me
-    mesh                 mesh
-    meshes               mesh
-    mesopotamia          mesopotamia
-    mess                 mess
-    message              messag
-    messages             messag
-    messala              messala
-    messaline            messalin
-    messenger            messeng
-    messengers           messeng
-    messes               mess
-    messina              messina
-    met                  met
-    metal                metal
-    metals               metal
-    metamorphis          metamorphi
-    metamorphoses        metamorphos
-    metaphor             metaphor
-    metaphysical         metaphys
-    metaphysics          metaphys
-    mete                 mete
-    metellus             metellu
-    meteor               meteor
-    meteors              meteor
-    meteyard             meteyard
-    metheglin            metheglin
-    metheglins           metheglin
-    methink              methink
-    methinks             methink
-    method               method
-    methods              method
-    methought            methought
-    methoughts           methought
-    metre                metr
-    metres               metr
-    metropolis           metropoli
-    mette                mett
-    mettle               mettl
-    mettled              mettl
-    meus                 meu
-    mew                  mew
-    mewed                mew
-    mewling              mewl
-    mexico               mexico
-    mi                   mi
-    mice                 mice
-    michael              michael
-    michaelmas           michaelma
-    micher               micher
-    miching              mich
-    mickle               mickl
-    microcosm            microcosm
-    mid                  mid
-    midas                mida
-    middest              middest
-    middle               middl
-    middleham            middleham
-    midnight             midnight
-    midriff              midriff
-    midst                midst
-    midsummer            midsumm
-    midway               midwai
-    midwife              midwif
-    midwives             midwiv
-    mienne               mienn
-    might                might
-    mightful             might
-    mightier             mightier
-    mightiest            mightiest
-    mightily             mightili
-    mightiness           mighti
-    mightst              mightst
-    mighty               mighti
-    milan                milan
-    milch                milch
-    mild                 mild
-    milder               milder
-    mildest              mildest
-    mildew               mildew
-    mildews              mildew
-    mildly               mildli
-    mildness             mild
-    mile                 mile
-    miles                mile
-    milford              milford
-    militarist           militarist
-    military             militari
-    milk                 milk
-    milking              milk
-    milkmaid             milkmaid
-    milks                milk
-    milksops             milksop
-    milky                milki
-    mill                 mill
-    mille                mill
-    miller               miller
-    milliner             millin
-    million              million
-    millioned            million
-    millions             million
-    mills                mill
-    millstones           millston
-    milo                 milo
-    mimic                mimic
-    minc                 minc
-    mince                minc
-    minces               minc
-    mincing              minc
-    mind                 mind
-    minded               mind
-    minding              mind
-    mindless             mindless
-    minds                mind
-    mine                 mine
-    mineral              miner
-    minerals             miner
-    minerva              minerva
-    mines                mine
-    mingle               mingl
-    mingled              mingl
-    mingling             mingl
-    minikin              minikin
-    minim                minim
-    minime               minim
-    minimo               minimo
-    minimus              minimu
-    mining               mine
-    minion               minion
-    minions              minion
-    minist               minist
-    minister             minist
-    ministers            minist
-    ministration         ministr
-    minnow               minnow
-    minnows              minnow
-    minola               minola
-    minority             minor
-    minos                mino
-    minotaurs            minotaur
-    minstrel             minstrel
-    minstrels            minstrel
-    minstrelsy           minstrelsi
-    mint                 mint
-    mints                mint
-    minute               minut
-    minutely             minut
-    minutes              minut
-    minx                 minx
-    mio                  mio
-    mir                  mir
-    mirable              mirabl
-    miracle              miracl
-    miracles             miracl
-    miraculous           miracul
-    miranda              miranda
-    mire                 mire
-    mirror               mirror
-    mirrors              mirror
-    mirth                mirth
-    mirthful             mirth
-    miry                 miri
-    mis                  mi
-    misadventur          misadventur
-    misadventure         misadventur
-    misanthropos         misanthropo
-    misapplied           misappli
-    misbecame            misbecam
-    misbecom             misbecom
-    misbecome            misbecom
-    misbegot             misbegot
-    misbegotten          misbegotten
-    misbeliever          misbeliev
-    misbelieving         misbeliev
-    misbhav              misbhav
-    miscall              miscal
-    miscalled            miscal
-    miscarried           miscarri
-    miscarries           miscarri
-    miscarry             miscarri
-    miscarrying          miscarri
-    mischance            mischanc
-    mischances           mischanc
-    mischief             mischief
-    mischiefs            mischief
-    mischievous          mischiev
-    misconceived         misconceiv
-    misconst             misconst
-    misconster           misconst
-    misconstruction      misconstruct
-    misconstrued         misconstru
-    misconstrues         misconstru
-    miscreant            miscreant
-    miscreate            miscreat
-    misdeed              misde
-    misdeeds             misde
-    misdemean            misdemean
-    misdemeanours        misdemeanour
-    misdoubt             misdoubt
-    misdoubteth          misdoubteth
-    misdoubts            misdoubt
-    misenum              misenum
-    miser                miser
-    miserable            miser
-    miserably            miser
-    misericorde          misericord
-    miseries             miseri
-    misers               miser
-    misery               miseri
-    misfortune           misfortun
-    misfortunes          misfortun
-    misgive              misgiv
-    misgives             misgiv
-    misgiving            misgiv
-    misgoverned          misgovern
-    misgovernment        misgovern
-    misgraffed           misgraf
-    misguide             misguid
-    mishap               mishap
-    mishaps              mishap
-    misheard             misheard
-    misinterpret         misinterpret
-    mislead              mislead
-    misleader            mislead
-    misleaders           mislead
-    misleading           mislead
-    misled               misl
-    mislike              mislik
-    misord               misord
-    misplac              misplac
-    misplaced            misplac
-    misplaces            misplac
-    mispris              mispri
-    misprised            mispris
-    misprision           mispris
-    misprizing           mispriz
-    misproud             misproud
-    misquote             misquot
-    misreport            misreport
-    miss                 miss
-    missed               miss
-    misses               miss
-    misshap              misshap
-    misshapen            misshapen
-    missheathed          missheath
-    missing              miss
-    missingly            missingli
-    missions             mission
-    missive              missiv
-    missives             missiv
-    misspoke             misspok
-    mist                 mist
-    mista                mista
-    mistak               mistak
-    mistake              mistak
-    mistaken             mistaken
-    mistakes             mistak
-    mistaketh            mistaketh
-    mistaking            mistak
-    mistakings           mistak
-    mistemp              mistemp
-    mistempered          mistemp
-    misterm              misterm
-    mistful              mist
-    misthink             misthink
-    misthought           misthought
-    mistletoe            mistleto
-    mistook              mistook
-    mistreadings         mistread
-    mistress             mistress
-    mistresses           mistress
-    mistresss            mistresss
-    mistriship           mistriship
-    mistrust             mistrust
-    mistrusted           mistrust
-    mistrustful          mistrust
-    mistrusting          mistrust
-    mists                mist
-    misty                misti
-    misus                misu
-    misuse               misus
-    misused              misus
-    misuses              misus
-    mites                mite
-    mithridates          mithrid
-    mitigate             mitig
-    mitigation           mitig
-    mix                  mix
-    mixed                mix
-    mixture              mixtur
-    mixtures             mixtur
-    mm                   mm
-    mnd                  mnd
-    moan                 moan
-    moans                moan
-    moat                 moat
-    moated               moat
-    mobled               mobl
-    mock                 mock
-    mockable             mockabl
-    mocker               mocker
-    mockeries            mockeri
-    mockers              mocker
-    mockery              mockeri
-    mocking              mock
-    mocks                mock
-    mockvater            mockvat
-    mockwater            mockwat
-    model                model
-    modena               modena
-    moderate             moder
-    moderately           moder
-    moderation           moder
-    modern               modern
-    modest               modest
-    modesties            modesti
-    modestly             modestli
-    modesty              modesti
-    modicums             modicum
-    modo                 modo
-    module               modul
-    moe                  moe
-    moi                  moi
-    moiety               moieti
-    moist                moist
-    moisten              moisten
-    moisture             moistur
-    moldwarp             moldwarp
-    mole                 mole
-    molehill             molehil
-    moles                mole
-    molest               molest
-    molestation          molest
-    mollification        mollif
-    mollis               molli
-    molten               molten
-    molto                molto
-    mome                 mome
-    moment               moment
-    momentary            momentari
-    moming               mome
-    mon                  mon
-    monachum             monachum
-    monarch              monarch
-    monarchies           monarchi
-    monarchize           monarch
-    monarcho             monarcho
-    monarchs             monarch
-    monarchy             monarchi
-    monast               monast
-    monastery            monasteri
-    monastic             monast
-    monday               mondai
-    monde                mond
-    money                monei
-    moneys               monei
-    mong                 mong
-    monger               monger
-    mongers              monger
-    monging              mong
-    mongrel              mongrel
-    mongrels             mongrel
-    mongst               mongst
-    monk                 monk
-    monkey               monkei
-    monkeys              monkei
-    monks                monk
-    monmouth             monmouth
-    monopoly             monopoli
-    mons                 mon
-    monsieur             monsieur
-    monsieurs            monsieur
-    monster              monster
-    monsters             monster
-    monstrous            monstrou
-    monstrously          monstrous
-    monstrousness        monstrous
-    monstruosity         monstruos
-    montacute            montacut
-    montage              montag
-    montague             montagu
-    montagues            montagu
-    montano              montano
-    montant              montant
-    montez               montez
-    montferrat           montferrat
-    montgomery           montgomeri
-    month                month
-    monthly              monthli
-    months               month
-    montjoy              montjoi
-    monument             monument
-    monumental           monument
-    monuments            monument
-    mood                 mood
-    moods                mood
-    moody                moodi
-    moon                 moon
-    moonbeams            moonbeam
-    moonish              moonish
-    moonlight            moonlight
-    moons                moon
-    moonshine            moonshin
-    moonshines           moonshin
-    moor                 moor
-    moorfields           moorfield
-    moors                moor
-    moorship             moorship
-    mop                  mop
-    mope                 mope
-    moping               mope
-    mopping              mop
-    mopsa                mopsa
-    moral                moral
-    moraler              moral
-    morality             moral
-    moralize             moral
-    mordake              mordak
-    more                 more
-    moreover             moreov
-    mores                more
-    morgan               morgan
-    mori                 mori
-    morisco              morisco
-    morn                 morn
-    morning              morn
-    mornings             morn
-    morocco              morocco
-    morris               morri
-    morrow               morrow
-    morrows              morrow
-    morsel               morsel
-    morsels              morsel
-    mort                 mort
-    mortal               mortal
-    mortality            mortal
-    mortally             mortal
-    mortals              mortal
-    mortar               mortar
-    mortgaged            mortgag
-    mortified            mortifi
-    mortifying           mortifi
-    mortimer             mortim
-    mortimers            mortim
-    mortis               morti
-    mortise              mortis
-    morton               morton
-    mose                 mose
-    moss                 moss
-    mossgrown            mossgrown
-    most                 most
-    mote                 mote
-    moth                 moth
-    mother               mother
-    mothers              mother
-    moths                moth
-    motion               motion
-    motionless           motionless
-    motions              motion
-    motive               motiv
-    motives              motiv
-    motley               motlei
-    mots                 mot
-    mought               mought
-    mould                mould
-    moulded              mould
-    mouldeth             mouldeth
-    moulds               mould
-    mouldy               mouldi
-    moult                moult
-    moulten              moulten
-    mounch               mounch
-    mounseur             mounseur
-    mounsieur            mounsieur
-    mount                mount
-    mountain             mountain
-    mountaineer          mountain
-    mountaineers         mountain
-    mountainous          mountain
-    mountains            mountain
-    mountant             mountant
-    mountanto            mountanto
-    mountebank           mountebank
-    mountebanks          mountebank
-    mounted              mount
-    mounteth             mounteth
-    mounting             mount
-    mounts               mount
-    mourn                mourn
-    mourned              mourn
-    mourner              mourner
-    mourners             mourner
-    mournful             mourn
-    mournfully           mournfulli
-    mourning             mourn
-    mourningly           mourningli
-    mournings            mourn
-    mourns               mourn
-    mous                 mou
-    mouse                mous
-    mousetrap            mousetrap
-    mousing              mous
-    mouth                mouth
-    mouthed              mouth
-    mouths               mouth
-    mov                  mov
-    movables             movabl
-    move                 move
-    moveable             moveabl
-    moveables            moveabl
-    moved                move
-    mover                mover
-    movers               mover
-    moves                move
-    moveth               moveth
-    moving               move
-    movingly             movingli
-    movousus             movousu
-    mow                  mow
-    mowbray              mowbrai
-    mower                mower
-    mowing               mow
-    mows                 mow
-    moy                  moi
-    moys                 moi
-    moyses               moys
-    mrs                  mr
-    much                 much
-    muck                 muck
-    mud                  mud
-    mudded               mud
-    muddied              muddi
-    muddy                muddi
-    muffins              muffin
-    muffl                muffl
-    muffle               muffl
-    muffled              muffl
-    muffler              muffler
-    muffling             muffl
-    mugger               mugger
-    mugs                 mug
-    mulberries           mulberri
-    mulberry             mulberri
-    mule                 mule
-    mules                mule
-    muleteers            mulet
-    mulier               mulier
-    mulieres             mulier
-    muliteus             muliteu
-    mull                 mull
-    mulmutius            mulmutiu
-    multiplied           multipli
-    multiply             multipli
-    multiplying          multipli
-    multipotent          multipot
-    multitude            multitud
-    multitudes           multitud
-    multitudinous        multitudin
-    mum                  mum
-    mumble               mumbl
-    mumbling             mumbl
-    mummers              mummer
-    mummy                mummi
-    mun                  mun
-    munch                munch
-    muniments            muniment
-    munition             munit
-    murd                 murd
-    murder               murder
-    murdered             murder
-    murderer             murder
-    murderers            murder
-    murdering            murder
-    murderous            murder
-    murders              murder
-    mure                 mure
-    murk                 murk
-    murkiest             murkiest
-    murky                murki
-    murmur               murmur
-    murmurers            murmur
-    murmuring            murmur
-    murrain              murrain
-    murray               murrai
-    murrion              murrion
-    murther              murther
-    murtherer            murther
-    murtherers           murther
-    murthering           murther
-    murtherous           murther
-    murthers             murther
-    mus                  mu
-    muscadel             muscadel
-    muscovites           muscovit
-    muscovits            muscovit
-    muscovy              muscovi
-    muse                 muse
-    muses                muse
-    mush                 mush
-    mushrooms            mushroom
-    music                music
-    musical              music
-    musician             musician
-    musicians            musician
-    musics               music
-    musing               muse
-    musings              muse
-    musk                 musk
-    musket               musket
-    muskets              musket
-    muskos               musko
-    muss                 muss
-    mussel               mussel
-    mussels              mussel
-    must                 must
-    mustachio            mustachio
-    mustard              mustard
-    mustardseed          mustardse
-    muster               muster
-    mustering            muster
-    musters              muster
-    musty                musti
-    mutability           mutabl
-    mutable              mutabl
-    mutation             mutat
-    mutations            mutat
-    mute                 mute
-    mutes                mute
-    mutest               mutest
-    mutine               mutin
-    mutineer             mutin
-    mutineers            mutin
-    mutines              mutin
-    mutinies             mutini
-    mutinous             mutin
-    mutiny               mutini
-    mutius               mutiu
-    mutter               mutter
-    muttered             mutter
-    mutton               mutton
-    muttons              mutton
-    mutual               mutual
-    mutualities          mutual
-    mutually             mutual
-    muzzl                muzzl
-    muzzle               muzzl
-    muzzled              muzzl
-    mv                   mv
-    mww                  mww
-    my                   my
-    mynheers             mynheer
-    myrmidon             myrmidon
-    myrmidons            myrmidon
-    myrtle               myrtl
-    myself               myself
-    myst                 myst
-    mysteries            mysteri
-    mystery              mysteri
-    n                    n
-    nag                  nag
-    nage                 nage
-    nags                 nag
-    naiads               naiad
-    nail                 nail
-    nails                nail
-    nak                  nak
-    naked                nake
-    nakedness            naked
-    nal                  nal
-    nam                  nam
-    name                 name
-    named                name
-    nameless             nameless
-    namely               name
-    names                name
-    namest               namest
-    naming               name
-    nan                  nan
-    nance                nanc
-    nap                  nap
-    nape                 nape
-    napes                nape
-    napkin               napkin
-    napkins              napkin
-    naples               napl
-    napless              napless
-    napping              nap
-    naps                 nap
-    narbon               narbon
-    narcissus            narcissu
-    narines              narin
-    narrow               narrow
-    narrowly             narrowli
-    naso                 naso
-    nasty                nasti
-    nathaniel            nathaniel
-    natifs               natif
-    nation               nation
-    nations              nation
-    native               nativ
-    nativity             nativ
-    natur                natur
-    natural              natur
-    naturalize           natur
-    naturally            natur
-    nature               natur
-    natured              natur
-    natures              natur
-    natus                natu
-    naught               naught
-    naughtily            naughtili
-    naughty              naughti
-    navarre              navarr
-    nave                 nave
-    navel                navel
-    navigation           navig
-    navy                 navi
-    nay                  nai
-    nayward              nayward
-    nayword              nayword
-    nazarite             nazarit
-    ne                   ne
-    neaf                 neaf
-    neamnoins            neamnoin
-    neanmoins            neanmoin
-    neapolitan           neapolitan
-    neapolitans          neapolitan
-    near                 near
-    nearer               nearer
-    nearest              nearest
-    nearly               nearli
-    nearness             near
-    neat                 neat
-    neatly               neatli
-    neb                  neb
-    nebour               nebour
-    nebuchadnezzar       nebuchadnezzar
-    nec                  nec
-    necessaries          necessari
-    necessarily          necessarili
-    necessary            necessari
-    necessitied          necess
-    necessities          necess
-    necessity            necess
-    neck                 neck
-    necklace             necklac
-    necks                neck
-    nectar               nectar
-    ned                  ned
-    nedar                nedar
-    need                 need
-    needed               need
-    needer               needer
-    needful              need
-    needfull             needful
-    needing              need
-    needle               needl
-    needles              needl
-    needless             needless
-    needly               needli
-    needs                need
-    needy                needi
-    neer                 neer
-    neeze                neez
-    nefas                nefa
-    negation             negat
-    negative             neg
-    negatives            neg
-    neglect              neglect
-    neglected            neglect
-    neglecting           neglect
-    neglectingly         neglectingli
-    neglection           neglect
-    negligence           neglig
-    negligent            neglig
-    negotiate            negoti
-    negotiations         negoti
-    negro                negro
-    neigh                neigh
-    neighbors            neighbor
-    neighbour            neighbour
-    neighbourhood        neighbourhood
-    neighbouring         neighbour
-    neighbourly          neighbourli
-    neighbours           neighbour
-    neighing             neigh
-    neighs               neigh
-    neither              neither
-    nell                 nell
-    nemean               nemean
-    nemesis              nemesi
-    neoptolemus          neoptolemu
-    nephew               nephew
-    nephews              nephew
-    neptune              neptun
-    ner                  ner
-    nereides             nereid
-    nerissa              nerissa
-    nero                 nero
-    neroes               nero
-    ners                 ner
-    nerve                nerv
-    nerves               nerv
-    nervii               nervii
-    nervy                nervi
-    nessus               nessu
-    nest                 nest
-    nestor               nestor
-    nests                nest
-    net                  net
-    nether               nether
-    netherlands          netherland
-    nets                 net
-    nettle               nettl
-    nettled              nettl
-    nettles              nettl
-    neuter               neuter
-    neutral              neutral
-    nev                  nev
-    never                never
-    nevil                nevil
-    nevils               nevil
-    new                  new
-    newborn              newborn
-    newer                newer
-    newest               newest
-    newgate              newgat
-    newly                newli
-    newness              new
-    news                 new
-    newsmongers          newsmong
-    newt                 newt
-    newts                newt
-    next                 next
-    nibbling             nibbl
-    nicanor              nicanor
-    nice                 nice
-    nicely               nice
-    niceness             nice
-    nicer                nicer
-    nicety               niceti
-    nicholas             nichola
-    nick                 nick
-    nickname             nicknam
-    nicks                nick
-    niece                niec
-    nieces               niec
-    niggard              niggard
-    niggarding           niggard
-    niggardly            niggardli
-    nigh                 nigh
-    night                night
-    nightcap             nightcap
-    nightcaps            nightcap
-    nighted              night
-    nightgown            nightgown
-    nightingale          nightingal
-    nightingales         nightingal
-    nightly              nightli
-    nightmare            nightmar
-    nights               night
-    nightwork            nightwork
-    nihil                nihil
-    nile                 nile
-    nill                 nill
-    nilus                nilu
-    nimble               nimbl
-    nimbleness           nimbl
-    nimbler              nimbler
-    nimbly               nimbl
-    nine                 nine
-    nineteen             nineteen
-    ning                 ning
-    ningly               ningli
-    ninny                ninni
-    ninth                ninth
-    ninus                ninu
-    niobe                niob
-    niobes               niob
-    nip                  nip
-    nipp                 nipp
-    nipping              nip
-    nipple               nippl
-    nips                 nip
-    nit                  nit
-    nly                  nly
-    nnight               nnight
-    nnights              nnight
-    no                   no
-    noah                 noah
-    nob                  nob
-    nobility             nobil
-    nobis                nobi
-    noble                nobl
-    nobleman             nobleman
-    noblemen             noblemen
-    nobleness            nobl
-    nobler               nobler
-    nobles               nobl
-    noblesse             nobless
-    noblest              noblest
-    nobly                nobli
-    nobody               nobodi
-    noces                noce
-    nod                  nod
-    nodded               nod
-    nodding              nod
-    noddle               noddl
-    noddles              noddl
-    noddy                noddi
-    nods                 nod
-    noes                 noe
-    nointed              noint
-    nois                 noi
-    noise                nois
-    noiseless            noiseless
-    noisemaker           noisemak
-    noises               nois
-    noisome              noisom
-    nole                 nole
-    nominate             nomin
-    nominated            nomin
-    nomination           nomin
-    nominativo           nominativo
-    non                  non
-    nonage               nonag
-    nonce                nonc
-    none                 none
-    nonino               nonino
-    nonny                nonni
-    nonpareil            nonpareil
-    nonsuits             nonsuit
-    nony                 noni
-    nook                 nook
-    nooks                nook
-    noon                 noon
-    noonday              noondai
-    noontide             noontid
-    nor                  nor
-    norbery              norberi
-    norfolk              norfolk
-    norman               norman
-    normandy             normandi
-    normans              norman
-    north                north
-    northampton          northampton
-    northamptonshire     northamptonshir
-    northerly            northerli
-    northern             northern
-    northgate            northgat
-    northumberland       northumberland
-    northumberlands      northumberland
-    northward            northward
-    norway               norwai
-    norways              norwai
-    norwegian            norwegian
-    norweyan             norweyan
-    nos                  no
-    nose                 nose
-    nosegays             nosegai
-    noseless             noseless
-    noses                nose
-    noster               noster
-    nostra               nostra
-    nostril              nostril
-    nostrils             nostril
-    not                  not
-    notable              notabl
-    notably              notabl
-    notary               notari
-    notch                notch
-    note                 note
-    notebook             notebook
-    noted                note
-    notedly              notedli
-    notes                note
-    notest               notest
-    noteworthy           noteworthi
-    nothing              noth
-    nothings             noth
-    notice               notic
-    notify               notifi
-    noting               note
-    notion               notion
-    notorious            notori
-    notoriously          notori
-    notre                notr
-    notwithstanding      notwithstand
-    nought               nought
-    noun                 noun
-    nouns                noun
-    nourish              nourish
-    nourished            nourish
-    nourisher            nourish
-    nourishes            nourish
-    nourisheth           nourisheth
-    nourishing           nourish
-    nourishment          nourish
-    nous                 nou
-    novel                novel
-    novelties            novelti
-    novelty              novelti
-    noverbs              noverb
-    novi                 novi
-    novice               novic
-    novices              novic
-    novum                novum
-    now                  now
-    nowhere              nowher
-    noyance              noyanc
-    ns                   ns
-    nt                   nt
-    nubibus              nubibu
-    numa                 numa
-    numb                 numb
-    number               number
-    numbered             number
-    numbering            number
-    numberless           numberless
-    numbers              number
-    numbness             numb
-    nun                  nun
-    nuncio               nuncio
-    nuncle               nuncl
-    nunnery              nunneri
-    nuns                 nun
-    nuntius              nuntiu
-    nuptial              nuptial
-    nurs                 nur
-    nurse                nurs
-    nursed               nurs
-    nurser               nurser
-    nursery              nurseri
-    nurses               nurs
-    nurseth              nurseth
-    nursh                nursh
-    nursing              nurs
-    nurtur               nurtur
-    nurture              nurtur
-    nut                  nut
-    nuthook              nuthook
-    nutmeg               nutmeg
-    nutmegs              nutmeg
-    nutriment            nutriment
-    nuts                 nut
-    nutshell             nutshel
-    ny                   ny
-    nym                  nym
-    nymph                nymph
-    nymphs               nymph
-    o                    o
-    oak                  oak
-    oaken                oaken
-    oaks                 oak
-    oared                oar
-    oars                 oar
-    oatcake              oatcak
-    oaten                oaten
-    oath                 oath
-    oathable             oathabl
-    oaths                oath
-    oats                 oat
-    ob                   ob
-    obduracy             obduraci
-    obdurate             obdur
-    obedience            obedi
-    obedient             obedi
-    obeisance            obeis
-    oberon               oberon
-    obey                 obei
-    obeyed               obei
-    obeying              obei
-    obeys                obei
-    obidicut             obidicut
-    object               object
-    objected             object
-    objections           object
-    objects              object
-    oblation             oblat
-    oblations            oblat
-    obligation           oblig
-    obligations          oblig
-    obliged              oblig
-    oblique              obliqu
-    oblivion             oblivion
-    oblivious            oblivi
-    obloquy              obloqui
-    obscene              obscen
-    obscenely            obscen
-    obscur               obscur
-    obscure              obscur
-    obscured             obscur
-    obscurely            obscur
-    obscures             obscur
-    obscuring            obscur
-    obscurity            obscur
-    obsequies            obsequi
-    obsequious           obsequi
-    obsequiously         obsequi
-    observ               observ
-    observance           observ
-    observances          observ
-    observancy           observ
-    observant            observ
-    observants           observ
-    observation          observ
-    observe              observ
-    observed             observ
-    observer             observ
-    observers            observ
-    observing            observ
-    observingly          observingli
-    obsque               obsqu
-    obstacle             obstacl
-    obstacles            obstacl
-    obstinacy            obstinaci
-    obstinate            obstin
-    obstinately          obstin
-    obstruct             obstruct
-    obstruction          obstruct
-    obstructions         obstruct
-    obtain               obtain
-    obtained             obtain
-    obtaining            obtain
-    occasion             occas
-    occasions            occas
-    occident             occid
-    occidental           occident
-    occulted             occult
-    occupat              occupat
-    occupation           occup
-    occupations          occup
-    occupied             occupi
-    occupies             occupi
-    occupy               occupi
-    occurrence           occurr
-    occurrences          occurr
-    occurrents           occurr
-    ocean                ocean
-    oceans               ocean
-    octavia              octavia
-    octavius             octaviu
-    ocular               ocular
-    od                   od
-    odd                  odd
-    oddest               oddest
-    oddly                oddli
-    odds                 odd
-    ode                  od
-    odes                 od
-    odious               odiou
-    odoriferous          odorifer
-    odorous              odor
-    odour                odour
-    odours               odour
-    ods                  od
-    oeillades            oeillad
-    oes                  oe
-    oeuvres              oeuvr
-    of                   of
-    ofephesus            ofephesu
-    off                  off
-    offal                offal
-    offence              offenc
-    offenceful           offenc
-    offences             offenc
-    offend               offend
-    offended             offend
-    offendendo           offendendo
-    offender             offend
-    offenders            offend
-    offendeth            offendeth
-    offending            offend
-    offendress           offendress
-    offends              offend
-    offense              offens
-    offenseless          offenseless
-    offenses             offens
-    offensive            offens
-    offer                offer
-    offered              offer
-    offering             offer
-    offerings            offer
-    offers               offer
-    offert               offert
-    offic                offic
-    office               offic
-    officed              offic
-    officer              offic
-    officers             offic
-    offices              offic
-    official             offici
-    officious            offici
-    offspring            offspr
-    oft                  oft
-    often                often
-    oftener              often
-    oftentimes           oftentim
-    oh                   oh
-    oil                  oil
-    oils                 oil
-    oily                 oili
-    old                  old
-    oldcastle            oldcastl
-    olden                olden
-    older                older
-    oldest               oldest
-    oldness              old
-    olive                oliv
-    oliver               oliv
-    olivers              oliv
-    olives               oliv
-    olivia               olivia
-    olympian             olympian
-    olympus              olympu
-    oman                 oman
-    omans                oman
-    omen                 omen
-    ominous              omin
-    omission             omiss
-    omit                 omit
-    omittance            omitt
-    omitted              omit
-    omitting             omit
-    omne                 omn
-    omnes                omn
-    omnipotent           omnipot
-    on                   on
-    once                 onc
-    one                  on
-    ones                 on
-    oneyers              oney
-    ongles               ongl
-    onion                onion
-    onions               onion
-    only                 onli
-    onset                onset
-    onward               onward
-    onwards              onward
-    oo                   oo
-    ooze                 ooz
-    oozes                ooz
-    oozy                 oozi
-    op                   op
-    opal                 opal
-    ope                  op
-    open                 open
-    opener               open
-    opening              open
-    openly               openli
-    openness             open
-    opens                open
-    operant              oper
-    operate              oper
-    operation            oper
-    operations           oper
-    operative            oper
-    opes                 op
-    oph                  oph
-    ophelia              ophelia
-    opinion              opinion
-    opinions             opinion
-    opportune            opportun
-    opportunities        opportun
-    opportunity          opportun
-    oppos                oppo
-    oppose               oppos
-    opposed              oppos
-    opposeless           opposeless
-    opposer              oppos
-    opposers             oppos
-    opposes              oppos
-    opposing             oppos
-    opposite             opposit
-    opposites            opposit
-    opposition           opposit
-    oppositions          opposit
-    oppress              oppress
-    oppressed            oppress
-    oppresses            oppress
-    oppresseth           oppresseth
-    oppressing           oppress
-    oppression           oppress
-    oppressor            oppressor
-    opprest              opprest
-    opprobriously        opprobri
-    oppugnancy           oppugn
-    opulency             opul
-    opulent              opul
-    or                   or
-    oracle               oracl
-    oracles              oracl
-    orange               orang
-    oration              orat
-    orator               orat
-    orators              orat
-    oratory              oratori
-    orb                  orb
-    orbed                orb
-    orbs                 orb
-    orchard              orchard
-    orchards             orchard
-    ord                  ord
-    ordain               ordain
-    ordained             ordain
-    ordaining            ordain
-    order                order
-    ordered              order
-    ordering             order
-    orderless            orderless
-    orderly              orderli
-    orders               order
-    ordinance            ordin
-    ordinant             ordin
-    ordinaries           ordinari
-    ordinary             ordinari
-    ordnance             ordnanc
-    ords                 ord
-    ordure               ordur
-    ore                  or
-    organ                organ
-    organs               organ
-    orgillous            orgil
-    orient               orient
-    orifex               orifex
-    origin               origin
-    original             origin
-    orisons              orison
-    ork                  ork
-    orlando              orlando
-    orld                 orld
-    orleans              orlean
-    ornament             ornament
-    ornaments            ornament
-    orodes               orod
-    orphan               orphan
-    orphans              orphan
-    orpheus              orpheu
-    orsino               orsino
-    ort                  ort
-    orthography          orthographi
-    orts                 ort
-    oscorbidulchos       oscorbidulcho
-    osier                osier
-    osiers               osier
-    osprey               osprei
-    osr                  osr
-    osric                osric
-    ossa                 ossa
-    ost                  ost
-    ostent               ostent
-    ostentare            ostentar
-    ostentation          ostent
-    ostents              ostent
-    ostler               ostler
-    ostlers              ostler
-    ostrich              ostrich
-    osw                  osw
-    oswald               oswald
-    othello              othello
-    other                other
-    othergates           otherg
-    others               other
-    otherwhere           otherwher
-    otherwhiles          otherwhil
-    otherwise            otherwis
-    otter                otter
-    ottoman              ottoman
-    ottomites            ottomit
-    oublie               oubli
-    ouches               ouch
-    ought                ought
-    oui                  oui
-    ounce                ounc
-    ounces               ounc
-    ouphes               ouph
-    our                  our
-    ours                 our
-    ourself              ourself
-    ourselves            ourselv
-    ousel                ousel
-    out                  out
-    outbids              outbid
-    outbrave             outbrav
-    outbraves            outbrav
-    outbreak             outbreak
-    outcast              outcast
-    outcries             outcri
-    outcry               outcri
-    outdar               outdar
-    outdare              outdar
-    outdares             outdar
-    outdone              outdon
-    outfac               outfac
-    outface              outfac
-    outfaced             outfac
-    outfacing            outfac
-    outfly               outfli
-    outfrown             outfrown
-    outgo                outgo
-    outgoes              outgo
-    outgrown             outgrown
-    outjest              outjest
-    outlaw               outlaw
-    outlawry             outlawri
-    outlaws              outlaw
-    outliv               outliv
-    outlive              outliv
-    outlives             outliv
-    outliving            outliv
-    outlook              outlook
-    outlustres           outlustr
-    outpriz              outpriz
-    outrage              outrag
-    outrageous           outrag
-    outrages             outrag
-    outran               outran
-    outright             outright
-    outroar              outroar
-    outrun               outrun
-    outrunning           outrun
-    outruns              outrun
-    outscold             outscold
-    outscorn             outscorn
-    outsell              outsel
-    outsells             outsel
-    outside              outsid
-    outsides             outsid
-    outspeaks            outspeak
-    outsport             outsport
-    outstare             outstar
-    outstay              outstai
-    outstood             outstood
-    outstretch           outstretch
-    outstretched         outstretch
-    outstrike            outstrik
-    outstrip             outstrip
-    outstripped          outstrip
-    outswear             outswear
-    outvenoms            outvenom
-    outward              outward
-    outwardly            outwardli
-    outwards             outward
-    outwear              outwear
-    outweighs            outweigh
-    outwent              outwent
-    outworn              outworn
-    outworths            outworth
-    oven                 oven
-    over                 over
-    overawe              overaw
-    overbear             overbear
-    overblown            overblown
-    overboard            overboard
-    overbold             overbold
-    overborne            overborn
-    overbulk             overbulk
-    overbuys             overbui
-    overcame             overcam
-    overcast             overcast
-    overcharg            overcharg
-    overcharged          overcharg
-    overcome             overcom
-    overcomes            overcom
-    overdone             overdon
-    overearnest          overearnest
-    overfar              overfar
-    overflow             overflow
-    overflown            overflown
-    overglance           overgl
-    overgo               overgo
-    overgone             overgon
-    overgorg             overgorg
-    overgrown            overgrown
-    overhead             overhead
-    overhear             overhear
-    overheard            overheard
-    overhold             overhold
-    overjoyed            overjoi
-    overkind             overkind
-    overland             overland
-    overleather          overleath
-    overlive             overl
-    overlook             overlook
-    overlooking          overlook
-    overlooks            overlook
-    overmaster           overmast
-    overmounting         overmount
-    overmuch             overmuch
-    overpass             overpass
-    overpeer             overp
-    overpeering          overp
-    overplus             overplu
-    overrul              overrul
-    overrun              overrun
-    overscutch           overscutch
-    overset              overset
-    overshades           overshad
-    overshine            overshin
-    overshines           overshin
-    overshot             overshot
-    oversights           oversight
-    overspread           overspread
-    overstain            overstain
-    overswear            overswear
-    overt                overt
-    overta               overta
-    overtake             overtak
-    overtaketh           overtaketh
-    overthrow            overthrow
-    overthrown           overthrown
-    overthrows           overthrow
-    overtook             overtook
-    overtopp             overtopp
-    overture             overtur
-    overturn             overturn
-    overwatch            overwatch
-    overween             overween
-    overweening          overween
-    overweigh            overweigh
-    overwhelm            overwhelm
-    overwhelming         overwhelm
-    overworn             overworn
-    ovid                 ovid
-    ovidius              ovidiu
-    ow                   ow
-    owe                  ow
-    owed                 ow
-    owedst               owedst
-    owen                 owen
-    owes                 ow
-    owest                owest
-    oweth                oweth
-    owing                ow
-    owl                  owl
-    owls                 owl
-    own                  own
-    owner                owner
-    owners               owner
-    owning               own
-    owns                 own
-    owy                  owi
-    ox                   ox
-    oxen                 oxen
-    oxford               oxford
-    oxfordshire          oxfordshir
-    oxlips               oxlip
-    oyes                 oy
-    oyster               oyster
-    p                    p
-    pabble               pabbl
-    pabylon              pabylon
-    pac                  pac
-    pace                 pace
-    paced                pace
-    paces                pace
-    pacified             pacifi
-    pacify               pacifi
-    pacing               pace
-    pack                 pack
-    packet               packet
-    packets              packet
-    packhorses           packhors
-    packing              pack
-    packings             pack
-    packs                pack
-    packthread           packthread
-    pacorus              pacoru
-    paction              paction
-    pad                  pad
-    paddle               paddl
-    paddling             paddl
-    paddock              paddock
-    padua                padua
-    pagan                pagan
-    pagans               pagan
-    page                 page
-    pageant              pageant
-    pageants             pageant
-    pages                page
-    pah                  pah
-    paid                 paid
-    pail                 pail
-    pailfuls             pail
-    pails                pail
-    pain                 pain
-    pained               pain
-    painful              pain
-    painfully            painfulli
-    pains                pain
-    paint                paint
-    painted              paint
-    painter              painter
-    painting             paint
-    paintings            paint
-    paints               paint
-    pair                 pair
-    paired               pair
-    pairs                pair
-    pajock               pajock
-    pal                  pal
-    palabras             palabra
-    palace               palac
-    palaces              palac
-    palamedes            palamed
-    palate               palat
-    palates              palat
-    palatine             palatin
-    palating             palat
-    pale                 pale
-    paled                pale
-    paleness             pale
-    paler                paler
-    pales                pale
-    palestine            palestin
-    palfrey              palfrei
-    palfreys             palfrei
-    palisadoes           palisado
-    pall                 pall
-    pallabris            pallabri
-    pallas               palla
-    pallets              pallet
-    palm                 palm
-    palmer               palmer
-    palmers              palmer
-    palms                palm
-    palmy                palmi
-    palpable             palpabl
-    palsied              palsi
-    palsies              palsi
-    palsy                palsi
-    palt                 palt
-    palter               palter
-    paltry               paltri
-    paly                 pali
-    pamp                 pamp
-    pamper               pamper
-    pamphlets            pamphlet
-    pan                  pan
-    pancackes            pancack
-    pancake              pancak
-    pancakes             pancak
-    pandar               pandar
-    pandars              pandar
-    pandarus             pandaru
-    pander               pander
-    panderly             panderli
-    panders              pander
-    pandulph             pandulph
-    panel                panel
-    pang                 pang
-    panging              pang
-    pangs                pang
-    pannier              pannier
-    pannonians           pannonian
-    pansa                pansa
-    pansies              pansi
-    pant                 pant
-    pantaloon            pantaloon
-    panted               pant
-    pantheon             pantheon
-    panther              panther
-    panthino             panthino
-    panting              pant
-    pantingly            pantingli
-    pantler              pantler
-    pantry               pantri
-    pants                pant
-    pap                  pap
-    papal                papal
-    paper                paper
-    papers               paper
-    paphlagonia          paphlagonia
-    paphos               papho
-    papist               papist
-    paps                 pap
-    par                  par
-    parable              parabl
-    paracelsus           paracelsu
-    paradise             paradis
-    paradox              paradox
-    paradoxes            paradox
-    paragon              paragon
-    paragons             paragon
-    parallel             parallel
-    parallels            parallel
-    paramour             paramour
-    paramours            paramour
-    parapets             parapet
-    paraquito            paraquito
-    parasite             parasit
-    parasites            parasit
-    parca                parca
-    parcel               parcel
-    parcell              parcel
-    parcels              parcel
-    parch                parch
-    parched              parch
-    parching             parch
-    parchment            parchment
-    pard                 pard
-    pardon               pardon
-    pardona              pardona
-    pardoned             pardon
-    pardoner             pardon
-    pardoning            pardon
-    pardonne             pardonn
-    pardonner            pardonn
-    pardonnez            pardonnez
-    pardons              pardon
-    pare                 pare
-    pared                pare
-    parel                parel
-    parent               parent
-    parentage            parentag
-    parents              parent
-    parfect              parfect
-    paring               pare
-    parings              pare
-    paris                pari
-    parish               parish
-    parishioners         parishion
-    parisians            parisian
-    paritors             paritor
-    park                 park
-    parks                park
-    parle                parl
-    parler               parler
-    parles               parl
-    parley               parlei
-    parlez               parlez
-    parliament           parliament
-    parlors              parlor
-    parlour              parlour
-    parlous              parlou
-    parmacity            parmac
-    parolles             parol
-    parricide            parricid
-    parricides           parricid
-    parrot               parrot
-    parrots              parrot
-    parsley              parslei
-    parson               parson
-    part                 part
-    partake              partak
-    partaken             partaken
-    partaker             partak
-    partakers            partak
-    parted               part
-    parthia              parthia
-    parthian             parthian
-    parthians            parthian
-    parti                parti
-    partial              partial
-    partialize           partial
-    partially            partial
-    participate          particip
-    participation        particip
-    particle             particl
-    particular           particular
-    particularities      particular
-    particularize        particular
-    particularly         particularli
-    particulars          particular
-    parties              parti
-    parting              part
-    partisan             partisan
-    partisans            partisan
-    partition            partit
-    partizan             partizan
-    partlet              partlet
-    partly               partli
-    partner              partner
-    partners             partner
-    partridge            partridg
-    parts                part
-    party                parti
-    pas                  pa
-    pash                 pash
-    pashed               pash
-    pashful              pash
-    pass                 pass
-    passable             passabl
-    passado              passado
-    passage              passag
-    passages             passag
-    passant              passant
-    passed               pass
-    passenger            passeng
-    passengers           passeng
-    passes               pass
-    passeth              passeth
-    passing              pass
-    passio               passio
-    passion              passion
-    passionate           passion
-    passioning           passion
-    passions             passion
-    passive              passiv
-    passport             passport
-    passy                passi
-    past                 past
-    paste                past
-    pasterns             pastern
-    pasties              pasti
-    pastime              pastim
-    pastimes             pastim
-    pastoral             pastor
-    pastorals            pastor
-    pastors              pastor
-    pastry               pastri
-    pasture              pastur
-    pastures             pastur
-    pasty                pasti
-    pat                  pat
-    patay                patai
-    patch                patch
-    patchery             patcheri
-    patches              patch
-    pate                 pate
-    pated                pate
-    patent               patent
-    patents              patent
-    paternal             patern
-    pates                pate
-    path                 path
-    pathetical           pathet
-    paths                path
-    pathway              pathwai
-    pathways             pathwai
-    patience             patienc
-    patient              patient
-    patiently            patient
-    patients             patient
-    patines              patin
-    patrician            patrician
-    patricians           patrician
-    patrick              patrick
-    patrimony            patrimoni
-    patroclus            patroclu
-    patron               patron
-    patronage            patronag
-    patroness            patro
-    patrons              patron
-    patrum               patrum
-    patter               patter
-    pattern              pattern
-    patterns             pattern
-    pattle               pattl
-    pauca                pauca
-    paucas               pauca
-    paul                 paul
-    paulina              paulina
-    paunch               paunch
-    paunches             paunch
-    pause                paus
-    pauser               pauser
-    pauses               paus
-    pausingly            pausingli
-    pauvres              pauvr
-    pav                  pav
-    paved                pave
-    pavement             pavement
-    pavilion             pavilion
-    pavilions            pavilion
-    pavin                pavin
-    paw                  paw
-    pawn                 pawn
-    pawns                pawn
-    paws                 paw
-    pax                  pax
-    pay                  pai
-    payest               payest
-    paying               pai
-    payment              payment
-    payments             payment
-    pays                 pai
-    paysan               paysan
-    paysans              paysan
-    pe                   pe
-    peace                peac
-    peaceable            peaceabl
-    peaceably            peaceabl
-    peaceful             peac
-    peacemakers          peacemak
-    peaces               peac
-    peach                peach
-    peaches              peach
-    peacock              peacock
-    peacocks             peacock
-    peak                 peak
-    peaking              peak
-    peal                 peal
-    peals                peal
-    pear                 pear
-    peard                peard
-    pearl                pearl
-    pearls               pearl
-    pears                pear
-    peas                 pea
-    peasant              peasant
-    peasantry            peasantri
-    peasants             peasant
-    peascod              peascod
-    pease                peas
-    peaseblossom         peaseblossom
-    peat                 peat
-    peaten               peaten
-    peating              peat
-    pebble               pebbl
-    pebbled              pebbl
-    pebbles              pebbl
-    peck                 peck
-    pecks                peck
-    peculiar             peculiar
-    pecus                pecu
-    pedant               pedant
-    pedantical           pedant
-    pedascule            pedascul
-    pede                 pede
-    pedestal             pedest
-    pedigree             pedigre
-    pedlar               pedlar
-    pedlars              pedlar
-    pedro                pedro
-    peds                 ped
-    peel                 peel
-    peep                 peep
-    peeped               peep
-    peeping              peep
-    peeps                peep
-    peer                 peer
-    peereth              peereth
-    peering              peer
-    peerless             peerless
-    peers                peer
-    peesel               peesel
-    peevish              peevish
-    peevishly            peevishli
-    peflur               peflur
-    peg                  peg
-    pegasus              pegasu
-    pegs                 peg
-    peise                peis
-    peised               peis
-    peize                peiz
-    pelf                 pelf
-    pelican              pelican
-    pelion               pelion
-    pell                 pell
-    pella                pella
-    pelleted             pellet
-    peloponnesus         peloponnesu
-    pelt                 pelt
-    pelting              pelt
-    pembroke             pembrok
-    pen                  pen
-    penalties            penalti
-    penalty              penalti
-    penance              penanc
-    pence                penc
-    pencil               pencil
-    pencill              pencil
-    pencils              pencil
-    pendant              pendant
-    pendent              pendent
-    pendragon            pendragon
-    pendulous            pendul
-    penelope             penelop
-    penetrable           penetr
-    penetrate            penetr
-    penetrative          penetr
-    penitence            penit
-    penitent             penit
-    penitential          penitenti
-    penitently           penit
-    penitents            penit
-    penker               penker
-    penknife             penknif
-    penn                 penn
-    penned               pen
-    penning              pen
-    pennons              pennon
-    penny                penni
-    pennyworth           pennyworth
-    pennyworths          pennyworth
-    pens                 pen
-    pense                pens
-    pension              pension
-    pensioners           pension
-    pensive              pensiv
-    pensived             pensiv
-    pensively            pensiv
-    pent                 pent
-    pentecost            pentecost
-    penthesilea          penthesilea
-    penthouse            penthous
-    penurious            penuri
-    penury               penuri
-    peopl                peopl
-    people               peopl
-    peopled              peopl
-    peoples              peopl
-    pepin                pepin
-    pepper               pepper
-    peppercorn           peppercorn
-    peppered             pepper
-    per                  per
-    peradventure         peradventur
-    peradventures        peradventur
-    perceiv              perceiv
-    perceive             perceiv
-    perceived            perceiv
-    perceives            perceiv
-    perceiveth           perceiveth
-    perch                perch
-    perchance            perchanc
-    percies              perci
-    percussion           percuss
-    percy                perci
-    perdie               perdi
-    perdita              perdita
-    perdition            perdit
-    perdonato            perdonato
-    perdu                perdu
-    perdurable           perdur
-    perdurably           perdur
-    perdy                perdi
-    pere                 pere
-    peregrinate          peregrin
-    peremptorily         peremptorili
-    peremptory           peremptori
-    perfect              perfect
-    perfected            perfect
-    perfecter            perfect
-    perfectest           perfectest
-    perfection           perfect
-    perfections          perfect
-    perfectly            perfectli
-    perfectness          perfect
-    perfidious           perfidi
-    perfidiously         perfidi
-    perforce             perforc
-    perform              perform
-    performance          perform
-    performances         perform
-    performed            perform
-    performer            perform
-    performers           perform
-    performing           perform
-    performs             perform
-    perfum               perfum
-    perfume              perfum
-    perfumed             perfum
-    perfumer             perfum
-    perfumes             perfum
-    perge                perg
-    perhaps              perhap
-    periapts             periapt
-    perigort             perigort
-    perigouna            perigouna
-    peril                peril
-    perilous             peril
-    perils               peril
-    period               period
-    periods              period
-    perish               perish
-    perished             perish
-    perishest            perishest
-    perisheth            perisheth
-    perishing            perish
-    periwig              periwig
-    perjur               perjur
-    perjure              perjur
-    perjured             perjur
-    perjuries            perjuri
-    perjury              perjuri
-    perk                 perk
-    perkes               perk
-    permafoy             permafoi
-    permanent            perman
-    permission           permiss
-    permissive           permiss
-    permit               permit
-    permitted            permit
-    pernicious           pernici
-    perniciously         pernici
-    peroration           peror
-    perpend              perpend
-    perpendicular        perpendicular
-    perpendicularly      perpendicularli
-    perpetual            perpetu
-    perpetually          perpetu
-    perpetuity           perpetu
-    perplex              perplex
-    perplexed            perplex
-    perplexity           perplex
-    pers                 per
-    persecuted           persecut
-    persecutions         persecut
-    persecutor           persecutor
-    perseus              perseu
-    persever             persev
-    perseverance         persever
-    persevers            persev
-    persia               persia
-    persian              persian
-    persist              persist
-    persisted            persist
-    persistency          persist
-    persistive           persist
-    persists             persist
-    person               person
-    personae             persona
-    personage            personag
-    personages           personag
-    personal             person
-    personally           person
-    personate            person
-    personated           person
-    personates           person
-    personating          person
-    persons              person
-    perspective          perspect
-    perspectively        perspect
-    perspectives         perspect
-    perspicuous          perspicu
-    persuade             persuad
-    persuaded            persuad
-    persuades            persuad
-    persuading           persuad
-    persuasion           persuas
-    persuasions          persuas
-    pert                 pert
-    pertain              pertain
-    pertaining           pertain
-    pertains             pertain
-    pertaunt             pertaunt
-    pertinent            pertin
-    pertly               pertli
-    perturb              perturb
-    perturbation         perturb
-    perturbations        perturb
-    perturbed            perturb
-    perus                peru
-    perusal              perus
-    peruse               perus
-    perused              perus
-    perusing             perus
-    perverse             pervers
-    perversely           pervers
-    perverseness         pervers
-    pervert              pervert
-    perverted            pervert
-    peseech              peseech
-    pest                 pest
-    pester               pester
-    pestiferous          pestifer
-    pestilence           pestil
-    pestilent            pestil
-    pet                  pet
-    petar                petar
-    peter                peter
-    petit                petit
-    petition             petit
-    petitionary          petitionari
-    petitioner           petition
-    petitioners          petition
-    petitions            petit
-    peto                 peto
-    petrarch             petrarch
-    petruchio            petruchio
-    petter               petter
-    petticoat            petticoat
-    petticoats           petticoat
-    pettiness            petti
-    pettish              pettish
-    pettitoes            pettito
-    petty                petti
-    peu                  peu
-    pew                  pew
-    pewter               pewter
-    pewterer             pewter
-    phaethon             phaethon
-    phaeton              phaeton
-    phantasime           phantasim
-    phantasimes          phantasim
-    phantasma            phantasma
-    pharamond            pharamond
-    pharaoh              pharaoh
-    pharsalia            pharsalia
-    pheasant             pheasant
-    pheazar              pheazar
-    phebe                phebe
-    phebes               phebe
-    pheebus              pheebu
-    pheeze               pheez
-    phibbus              phibbu
-    philadelphos         philadelpho
-    philario             philario
-    philarmonus          philarmonu
-    philemon             philemon
-    philip               philip
-    philippan            philippan
-    philippe             philipp
-    philippi             philippi
-    phillida             phillida
-    philo                philo
-    philomel             philomel
-    philomela            philomela
-    philosopher          philosoph
-    philosophers         philosoph
-    philosophical        philosoph
-    philosophy           philosophi
-    philostrate          philostr
-    philotus             philotu
-    phlegmatic           phlegmat
-    phoebe               phoeb
-    phoebus              phoebu
-    phoenicia            phoenicia
-    phoenicians          phoenician
-    phoenix              phoenix
-    phorbus              phorbu
-    photinus             photinu
-    phrase               phrase
-    phraseless           phraseless
-    phrases              phrase
-    phrygia              phrygia
-    phrygian             phrygian
-    phrynia              phrynia
-    physic               physic
-    physical             physic
-    physician            physician
-    physicians           physician
-    physics              physic
-    pia                  pia
-    pibble               pibbl
-    pible                pibl
-    picardy              picardi
-    pick                 pick
-    pickaxe              pickax
-    pickaxes             pickax
-    pickbone             pickbon
-    picked               pick
-    pickers              picker
-    picking              pick
-    pickle               pickl
-    picklock             picklock
-    pickpurse            pickpurs
-    picks                pick
-    pickt                pickt
-    pickthanks           pickthank
-    pictur               pictur
-    picture              pictur
-    pictured             pictur
-    pictures             pictur
-    pid                  pid
-    pie                  pie
-    piec                 piec
-    piece                piec
-    pieces               piec
-    piecing              piec
-    pied                 pi
-    piedness             pied
-    pier                 pier
-    pierc                pierc
-    pierce               pierc
-    pierced              pierc
-    pierces              pierc
-    pierceth             pierceth
-    piercing             pierc
-    piercy               pierci
-    piers                pier
-    pies                 pi
-    piety                pieti
-    pig                  pig
-    pigeon               pigeon
-    pigeons              pigeon
-    pight                pight
-    pigmy                pigmi
-    pigrogromitus        pigrogromitu
-    pike                 pike
-    pikes                pike
-    pil                  pil
-    pilate               pilat
-    pilates              pilat
-    pilchers             pilcher
-    pile                 pile
-    piles                pile
-    pilf                 pilf
-    pilfering            pilfer
-    pilgrim              pilgrim
-    pilgrimage           pilgrimag
-    pilgrims             pilgrim
-    pill                 pill
-    pillage              pillag
-    pillagers            pillag
-    pillar               pillar
-    pillars              pillar
-    pillicock            pillicock
-    pillory              pillori
-    pillow               pillow
-    pillows              pillow
-    pills                pill
-    pilot                pilot
-    pilots               pilot
-    pimpernell           pimpernel
-    pin                  pin
-    pinch                pinch
-    pinched              pinch
-    pinches              pinch
-    pinching             pinch
-    pindarus             pindaru
-    pine                 pine
-    pined                pine
-    pines                pine
-    pinfold              pinfold
-    pining               pine
-    pinion               pinion
-    pink                 pink
-    pinn                 pinn
-    pinnace              pinnac
-    pins                 pin
-    pinse                pins
-    pint                 pint
-    pintpot              pintpot
-    pioned               pion
-    pioneers             pioneer
-    pioner               pioner
-    pioners              pioner
-    pious                piou
-    pip                  pip
-    pipe                 pipe
-    piper                piper
-    pipers               piper
-    pipes                pipe
-    piping               pipe
-    pippin               pippin
-    pippins              pippin
-    pirate               pirat
-    pirates              pirat
-    pisa                 pisa
-    pisanio              pisanio
-    pish                 pish
-    pismires             pismir
-    piss                 piss
-    pissing              piss
-    pistol               pistol
-    pistols              pistol
-    pit                  pit
-    pitch                pitch
-    pitched              pitch
-    pitcher              pitcher
-    pitchers             pitcher
-    pitchy               pitchi
-    piteous              piteou
-    piteously            piteous
-    pitfall              pitfal
-    pith                 pith
-    pithless             pithless
-    pithy                pithi
-    pitie                piti
-    pitied               piti
-    pities               piti
-    pitiful              piti
-    pitifully            pitifulli
-    pitiless             pitiless
-    pits                 pit
-    pittance             pittanc
-    pittie               pitti
-    pittikins            pittikin
-    pity                 piti
-    pitying              piti
-    pius                 piu
-    plac                 plac
-    place                place
-    placed               place
-    placentio            placentio
-    places               place
-    placeth              placeth
-    placid               placid
-    placing              place
-    plack                plack
-    placket              placket
-    plackets             placket
-    plagu                plagu
-    plague               plagu
-    plagued              plagu
-    plagues              plagu
-    plaguing             plagu
-    plaguy               plagui
-    plain                plain
-    plainer              plainer
-    plainest             plainest
-    plaining             plain
-    plainings            plain
-    plainly              plainli
-    plainness            plain
-    plains               plain
-    plainsong            plainsong
-    plaintful            plaint
-    plaintiff            plaintiff
-    plaintiffs           plaintiff
-    plaints              plaint
-    planched             planch
-    planet               planet
-    planetary            planetari
-    planets              planet
-    planks               plank
-    plant                plant
-    plantage             plantag
-    plantagenet          plantagenet
-    plantagenets         plantagenet
-    plantain             plantain
-    plantation           plantat
-    planted              plant
-    planteth             planteth
-    plants               plant
-    plash                plash
-    plashy               plashi
-    plast                plast
-    plaster              plaster
-    plasterer            plaster
-    plat                 plat
-    plate                plate
-    plated               plate
-    plates               plate
-    platform             platform
-    platforms            platform
-    plats                plat
-    platted              plat
-    plausible            plausibl
-    plausive             plausiv
-    plautus              plautu
-    play                 plai
-    played               plai
-    player               player
-    players              player
-    playeth              playeth
-    playfellow           playfellow
-    playfellows          playfellow
-    playhouse            playhous
-    playing              plai
-    plays                plai
-    plea                 plea
-    pleach               pleach
-    pleached             pleach
-    plead                plead
-    pleaded              plead
-    pleader              pleader
-    pleaders             pleader
-    pleading             plead
-    pleads               plead
-    pleas                plea
-    pleasance            pleasanc
-    pleasant             pleasant
-    pleasantly           pleasantli
-    please               pleas
-    pleased              pleas
-    pleaser              pleaser
-    pleasers             pleaser
-    pleases              pleas
-    pleasest             pleasest
-    pleaseth             pleaseth
-    pleasing             pleas
-    pleasure             pleasur
-    pleasures            pleasur
-    plebeians            plebeian
-    plebeii              plebeii
-    plebs                pleb
-    pledge               pledg
-    pledges              pledg
-    pleines              plein
-    plenitude            plenitud
-    plenteous            plenteou
-    plenteously          plenteous
-    plenties             plenti
-    plentiful            plenti
-    plentifully          plentifulli
-    plenty               plenti
-    pless                pless
-    plessed              pless
-    plessing             pless
-    pliant               pliant
-    plied                pli
-    plies                pli
-    plight               plight
-    plighted             plight
-    plighter             plighter
-    plod                 plod
-    plodded              plod
-    plodders             plodder
-    plodding             plod
-    plods                plod
-    plood                plood
-    ploody               ploodi
-    plot                 plot
-    plots                plot
-    plotted              plot
-    plotter              plotter
-    plough               plough
-    ploughed             plough
-    ploughman            ploughman
-    ploughmen            ploughmen
-    plow                 plow
-    plows                plow
-    pluck                pluck
-    plucked              pluck
-    plucker              plucker
-    plucking             pluck
-    plucks               pluck
-    plue                 plue
-    plum                 plum
-    plume                plume
-    plumed               plume
-    plumes               plume
-    plummet              plummet
-    plump                plump
-    plumpy               plumpi
-    plums                plum
-    plung                plung
-    plunge               plung
-    plunged              plung
-    plural               plural
-    plurisy              plurisi
-    plus                 plu
-    pluto                pluto
-    plutus               plutu
-    ply                  ply
-    po                   po
-    pocket               pocket
-    pocketing            pocket
-    pockets              pocket
-    pocky                pocki
-    pody                 podi
-    poem                 poem
-    poesy                poesi
-    poet                 poet
-    poetical             poetic
-    poetry               poetri
-    poets                poet
-    poictiers            poictier
-    poinards             poinard
-    poins                poin
-    point                point
-    pointblank           pointblank
-    pointed              point
-    pointing             point
-    points               point
-    pois                 poi
-    poise                pois
-    poising              pois
-    poison               poison
-    poisoned             poison
-    poisoner             poison
-    poisoning            poison
-    poisonous            poison
-    poisons              poison
-    poke                 poke
-    poking               poke
-    pol                  pol
-    polack               polack
-    polacks              polack
-    poland               poland
-    pold                 pold
-    pole                 pole
-    poleaxe              poleax
-    polecat              polecat
-    polecats             polecat
-    polemon              polemon
-    poles                pole
-    poli                 poli
-    policies             polici
-    policy               polici
-    polish               polish
-    polished             polish
-    politic              polit
-    politician           politician
-    politicians          politician
-    politicly            politicli
-    polixenes            polixen
-    poll                 poll
-    polluted             pollut
-    pollution            pollut
-    polonius             poloniu
-    poltroons            poltroon
-    polusion             polus
-    polydamus            polydamu
-    polydore             polydor
-    polyxena             polyxena
-    pomander             pomand
-    pomegranate          pomegran
-    pomewater            pomewat
-    pomfret              pomfret
-    pomgarnet            pomgarnet
-    pommel               pommel
-    pomp                 pomp
-    pompeius             pompeiu
-    pompey               pompei
-    pompion              pompion
-    pompous              pompou
-    pomps                pomp
-    pond                 pond
-    ponder               ponder
-    ponderous            ponder
-    ponds                pond
-    poniard              poniard
-    poniards             poniard
-    pont                 pont
-    pontic               pontic
-    pontifical           pontif
-    ponton               ponton
-    pooh                 pooh
-    pool                 pool
-    poole                pool
-    poop                 poop
-    poor                 poor
-    poorer               poorer
-    poorest              poorest
-    poorly               poorli
-    pop                  pop
-    pope                 pope
-    popedom              popedom
-    popilius             popiliu
-    popingay             popingai
-    popish               popish
-    popp                 popp
-    poppy                poppi
-    pops                 pop
-    popular              popular
-    popularity           popular
-    populous             popul
-    porch                porch
-    porches              porch
-    pore                 pore
-    poring               pore
-    pork                 pork
-    porn                 porn
-    porpentine           porpentin
-    porridge             porridg
-    porringer            porring
-    port                 port
-    portable             portabl
-    portage              portag
-    portal               portal
-    portance             portanc
-    portcullis           portculli
-    portend              portend
-    portends             portend
-    portent              portent
-    portentous           portent
-    portents             portent
-    porter               porter
-    porters              porter
-    portia               portia
-    portion              portion
-    portly               portli
-    portotartarossa      portotartarossa
-    portrait             portrait
-    portraiture          portraitur
-    ports                port
-    portugal             portug
-    pose                 pose
-    posied               posi
-    posies               posi
-    position             posit
-    positive             posit
-    positively           posit
-    posse                poss
-    possess              possess
-    possessed            possess
-    possesses            possess
-    possesseth           possesseth
-    possessing           possess
-    possession           possess
-    possessions          possess
-    possessor            possessor
-    posset               posset
-    possets              posset
-    possibilities        possibl
-    possibility          possibl
-    possible             possibl
-    possibly             possibl
-    possitable           possit
-    post                 post
-    poste                post
-    posted               post
-    posterior            posterior
-    posteriors           posterior
-    posterity            poster
-    postern              postern
-    posterns             postern
-    posters              poster
-    posthorse            posthors
-    posthorses           posthors
-    posthumus            posthumu
-    posting              post
-    postmaster           postmast
-    posts                post
-    postscript           postscript
-    posture              postur
-    postures             postur
-    posy                 posi
-    pot                  pot
-    potable              potabl
-    potations            potat
-    potato               potato
-    potatoes             potato
-    potch                potch
-    potency              potenc
-    potent               potent
-    potentates           potent
-    potential            potenti
-    potently             potent
-    potents              potent
-    pothecary            pothecari
-    pother               pother
-    potion               potion
-    potions              potion
-    potpan               potpan
-    pots                 pot
-    potter               potter
-    potting              pot
-    pottle               pottl
-    pouch                pouch
-    poulter              poulter
-    poultice             poultic
-    poultney             poultnei
-    pouncet              pouncet
-    pound                pound
-    pounds               pound
-    pour                 pour
-    pourest              pourest
-    pouring              pour
-    pourquoi             pourquoi
-    pours                pour
-    pout                 pout
-    poverty              poverti
-    pow                  pow
-    powd                 powd
-    powder               powder
-    power                power
-    powerful             power
-    powerfully           powerfulli
-    powerless            powerless
-    powers               power
-    pox                  pox
-    poys                 poi
-    poysam               poysam
-    prabbles             prabbl
-    practic              practic
-    practice             practic
-    practiced            practic
-    practicer            practic
-    practices            practic
-    practicing           practic
-    practis              practi
-    practisants          practis
-    practise             practis
-    practiser            practis
-    practisers           practis
-    practises            practis
-    practising           practis
-    praeclarissimus      praeclarissimu
-    praemunire           praemunir
-    praetor              praetor
-    praetors             praetor
-    pragging             prag
-    prague               pragu
-    prain                prain
-    prains               prain
-    prais                prai
-    praise               prais
-    praised              prais
-    praises              prais
-    praisest             praisest
-    praiseworthy         praiseworthi
-    praising             prais
-    prancing             pranc
-    prank                prank
-    pranks               prank
-    prat                 prat
-    prate                prate
-    prated               prate
-    prater               prater
-    prating              prate
-    prattle              prattl
-    prattler             prattler
-    prattling            prattl
-    prave                prave
-    prawls               prawl
-    prawns               prawn
-    pray                 prai
-    prayer               prayer
-    prayers              prayer
-    praying              prai
-    prays                prai
-    pre                  pre
-    preach               preach
-    preached             preach
-    preachers            preacher
-    preaches             preach
-    preaching            preach
-    preachment           preachment
-    pread                pread
-    preambulate          preambul
-    precedence           preced
-    precedent            preced
-    preceding            preced
-    precept              precept
-    preceptial           precepti
-    precepts             precept
-    precinct             precinct
-    precious             preciou
-    preciously           precious
-    precipice            precipic
-    precipitating        precipit
-    precipitation        precipit
-    precise              precis
-    precisely            precis
-    preciseness          precis
-    precisian            precisian
-    precor               precor
-    precurse             precurs
-    precursors           precursor
-    predeceased          predeceas
-    predecessor          predecessor
-    predecessors         predecessor
-    predestinate         predestin
-    predicament          predica
-    predict              predict
-    prediction           predict
-    predictions          predict
-    predominance         predomin
-    predominant          predomin
-    predominate          predomin
-    preeches             preech
-    preeminence          preemin
-    preface              prefac
-    prefer               prefer
-    preferment           prefer
-    preferments          prefer
-    preferr              preferr
-    preferreth           preferreth
-    preferring           prefer
-    prefers              prefer
-    prefiguring          prefigur
-    prefix               prefix
-    prefixed             prefix
-    preformed            preform
-    pregnancy            pregnanc
-    pregnant             pregnant
-    pregnantly           pregnantli
-    prejudicates         prejud
-    prejudice            prejudic
-    prejudicial          prejudici
-    prelate              prelat
-    premeditated         premedit
-    premeditation        premedit
-    premised             premis
-    premises             premis
-    prenez               prenez
-    prenominate          prenomin
-    prentice             prentic
-    prentices            prentic
-    preordinance         preordin
-    prepar               prepar
-    preparation          prepar
-    preparations         prepar
-    prepare              prepar
-    prepared             prepar
-    preparedly           preparedli
-    prepares             prepar
-    preparing            prepar
-    prepost              prepost
-    preposterous         preposter
-    preposterously       preposter
-    prerogatifes         prerogatif
-    prerogative          prerog
-    prerogatived         prerogativ
-    presage              presag
-    presagers            presag
-    presages             presag
-    presageth            presageth
-    presaging            presag
-    prescience           prescienc
-    prescribe            prescrib
-    prescript            prescript
-    prescription         prescript
-    prescriptions        prescript
-    prescripts           prescript
-    presence             presenc
-    presences            presenc
-    present              present
-    presentation         present
-    presented            present
-    presenter            present
-    presenters           present
-    presenteth           presenteth
-    presenting           present
-    presently            present
-    presentment          present
-    presents             present
-    preserv              preserv
-    preservation         preserv
-    preservative         preserv
-    preserve             preserv
-    preserved            preserv
-    preserver            preserv
-    preservers           preserv
-    preserving           preserv
-    president            presid
-    press                press
-    pressed              press
-    presser              presser
-    presses              press
-    pressing             press
-    pressure             pressur
-    pressures            pressur
-    prest                prest
-    prester              prester
-    presume              presum
-    presumes             presum
-    presuming            presum
-    presumption          presumpt
-    presumptuous         presumptu
-    presuppos            presuppo
-    pret                 pret
-    pretence             pretenc
-    pretences            pretenc
-    pretend              pretend
-    pretended            pretend
-    pretending           pretend
-    pretense             pretens
-    pretext              pretext
-    pretia               pretia
-    prettier             prettier
-    prettiest            prettiest
-    prettily             prettili
-    prettiness           pretti
-    pretty               pretti
-    prevail              prevail
-    prevailed            prevail
-    prevaileth           prevaileth
-    prevailing           prevail
-    prevailment          prevail
-    prevails             prevail
-    prevent              prevent
-    prevented            prevent
-    prevention           prevent
-    preventions          prevent
-    prevents             prevent
-    prey                 prei
-    preyful              prey
-    preys                prei
-    priam                priam
-    priami               priami
-    priamus              priamu
-    pribbles             pribbl
-    price                price
-    prick                prick
-    pricked              prick
-    pricket              pricket
-    pricking             prick
-    pricks               prick
-    pricksong            pricksong
-    pride                pride
-    prides               pride
-    pridge               pridg
-    prie                 prie
-    pried                pri
-    prief                prief
-    pries                pri
-    priest               priest
-    priesthood           priesthood
-    priests              priest
-    prig                 prig
-    primal               primal
-    prime                prime
-    primer               primer
-    primero              primero
-    primest              primest
-    primitive            primit
-    primo                primo
-    primogenity          primogen
-    primrose             primros
-    primroses            primros
-    primy                primi
-    prince               princ
-    princely             princ
-    princes              princ
-    princess             princess
-    principal            princip
-    principalities       princip
-    principality         princip
-    principle            principl
-    principles           principl
-    princox              princox
-    prings               pring
-    print                print
-    printed              print
-    printing             print
-    printless            printless
-    prints               print
-    prioress             prioress
-    priories             priori
-    priority             prioriti
-    priory               priori
-    priscian             priscian
-    prison               prison
-    prisoner             prison
-    prisoners            prison
-    prisonment           prison
-    prisonnier           prisonni
-    prisons              prison
-    pristine             pristin
-    prithe               prith
-    prithee              prithe
-    privacy              privaci
-    private              privat
-    privately            privat
-    privates             privat
-    privilage            privilag
-    privileg             privileg
-    privilege            privileg
-    privileged           privileg
-    privileges           privileg
-    privilegio           privilegio
-    privily              privili
-    privity              priviti
-    privy                privi
-    priz                 priz
-    prize                prize
-    prized               prize
-    prizer               prizer
-    prizes               prize
-    prizest              prizest
-    prizing              prize
-    pro                  pro
-    probable             probabl
-    probal               probal
-    probation            probat
-    proceed              proce
-    proceeded            proceed
-    proceeders           proceed
-    proceeding           proceed
-    proceedings          proceed
-    proceeds             proce
-    process              process
-    procession           process
-    proclaim             proclaim
-    proclaimed           proclaim
-    proclaimeth          proclaimeth
-    proclaims            proclaim
-    proclamation         proclam
-    proclamations        proclam
-    proconsul            proconsul
-    procrastinate        procrastin
-    procreant            procreant
-    procreants           procreant
-    procreation          procreat
-    procrus              procru
-    proculeius           proculeiu
-    procur               procur
-    procurator           procur
-    procure              procur
-    procured             procur
-    procures             procur
-    procuring            procur
-    prodigal             prodig
-    prodigality          prodig
-    prodigally           prodig
-    prodigals            prodig
-    prodigies            prodigi
-    prodigious           prodigi
-    prodigiously         prodigi
-    prodigy              prodigi
-    proditor             proditor
-    produc               produc
-    produce              produc
-    produced             produc
-    produces             produc
-    producing            produc
-    proface              profac
-    profan               profan
-    profanation          profan
-    profane              profan
-    profaned             profan
-    profanely            profan
-    profaneness          profan
-    profaners            profan
-    profaning            profan
-    profess              profess
-    professed            profess
-    professes            profess
-    profession           profess
-    professions          profess
-    professors           professor
-    proffer              proffer
-    proffered            proffer
-    profferer            proffer
-    proffers             proffer
-    proficient           profici
-    profit               profit
-    profitable           profit
-    profitably           profit
-    profited             profit
-    profiting            profit
-    profitless           profitless
-    profits              profit
-    profound             profound
-    profoundest          profoundest
-    profoundly           profoundli
-    progenitors          progenitor
-    progeny              progeni
-    progne               progn
-    prognosticate        prognost
-    prognostication      prognost
-    progress             progress
-    progression          progress
-    prohibit             prohibit
-    prohibition          prohibit
-    project              project
-    projection           project
-    projects             project
-    prolixious           prolixi
-    prolixity            prolix
-    prologue             prologu
-    prologues            prologu
-    prolong              prolong
-    prolongs             prolong
-    promethean           promethean
-    prometheus           prometheu
-    promis               promi
-    promise              promis
-    promised             promis
-    promises             promis
-    promiseth            promiseth
-    promising            promis
-    promontory           promontori
-    promotion            promot
-    promotions           promot
-    prompt               prompt
-    prompted             prompt
-    promptement          promptement
-    prompter             prompter
-    prompting            prompt
-    prompts              prompt
-    prompture            promptur
-    promulgate           promulg
-    prone                prone
-    prononcer            prononc
-    prononcez            prononcez
-    pronoun              pronoun
-    pronounc             pronounc
-    pronounce            pronounc
-    pronounced           pronounc
-    pronouncing          pronounc
-    pronouns             pronoun
-    proof                proof
-    proofs               proof
-    prop                 prop
-    propagate            propag
-    propagation          propag
-    propend              propend
-    propension           propens
-    proper               proper
-    properer             proper
-    properly             properli
-    propertied           properti
-    properties           properti
-    property             properti
-    prophecies           propheci
-    prophecy             propheci
-    prophesied           prophesi
-    prophesier           prophesi
-    prophesy             prophesi
-    prophesying          prophesi
-    prophet              prophet
-    prophetess           prophetess
-    prophetic            prophet
-    prophetically        prophet
-    prophets             prophet
-    propinquity          propinqu
-    propontic            propont
-    proportion           proport
-    proportionable       proportion
-    proportions          proport
-    propos               propo
-    propose              propos
-    proposed             propos
-    proposer             propos
-    proposes             propos
-    proposing            propos
-    proposition          proposit
-    propositions         proposit
-    propounded           propound
-    propp                propp
-    propre               propr
-    propriety            proprieti
-    props                prop
-    propugnation         propugn
-    prorogue             prorogu
-    prorogued            prorogu
-    proscription         proscript
-    proscriptions        proscript
-    prose                prose
-    prosecute            prosecut
-    prosecution          prosecut
-    proselytes           proselyt
-    proserpina           proserpina
-    prosp                prosp
-    prospect             prospect
-    prosper              prosper
-    prosperity           prosper
-    prospero             prospero
-    prosperous           prosper
-    prosperously         prosper
-    prospers             prosper
-    prostitute           prostitut
-    prostrate            prostrat
-    protect              protect
-    protected            protect
-    protection           protect
-    protector            protector
-    protectors           protector
-    protectorship        protectorship
-    protectress          protectress
-    protects             protect
-    protest              protest
-    protestation         protest
-    protestations        protest
-    protested            protest
-    protester            protest
-    protesting           protest
-    protests             protest
-    proteus              proteu
-    protheus             protheu
-    protract             protract
-    protractive          protract
-    proud                proud
-    prouder              prouder
-    proudest             proudest
-    proudlier            proudlier
-    proudly              proudli
-    prouds               proud
-    prov                 prov
-    provand              provand
-    prove                prove
-    proved               prove
-    provender            provend
-    proverb              proverb
-    proverbs             proverb
-    proves               prove
-    proveth              proveth
-    provide              provid
-    provided             provid
-    providence           provid
-    provident            provid
-    providently          provid
-    provider             provid
-    provides             provid
-    province             provinc
-    provinces            provinc
-    provincial           provinci
-    proving              prove
-    provision            provis
-    proviso              proviso
-    provocation          provoc
-    provok               provok
-    provoke              provok
-    provoked             provok
-    provoker             provok
-    provokes             provok
-    provoketh            provoketh
-    provoking            provok
-    provost              provost
-    prowess              prowess
-    prudence             prudenc
-    prudent              prudent
-    prun                 prun
-    prune                prune
-    prunes               prune
-    pruning              prune
-    pry                  pry
-    prying               pry
-    psalm                psalm
-    psalmist             psalmist
-    psalms               psalm
-    psalteries           psalteri
-    ptolemies            ptolemi
-    ptolemy              ptolemi
-    public               public
-    publican             publican
-    publication          public
-    publicly             publicli
-    publicola            publicola
-    publish              publish
-    published            publish
-    publisher            publish
-    publishing           publish
-    publius              publiu
-    pucelle              pucel
-    puck                 puck
-    pudder               pudder
-    pudding              pud
-    puddings             pud
-    puddle               puddl
-    puddled              puddl
-    pudency              pudenc
-    pueritia             pueritia
-    puff                 puff
-    puffing              puf
-    puffs                puff
-    pugging              pug
-    puis                 pui
-    puissance            puissanc
-    puissant             puissant
-    puke                 puke
-    puking               puke
-    pulcher              pulcher
-    puling               pule
-    pull                 pull
-    puller               puller
-    pullet               pullet
-    pulling              pull
-    pulls                pull
-    pulpit               pulpit
-    pulpiter             pulpit
-    pulpits              pulpit
-    pulse                puls
-    pulsidge             pulsidg
-    pump                 pump
-    pumpion              pumpion
-    pumps                pump
-    pun                  pun
-    punched              punch
-    punish               punish
-    punished             punish
-    punishes             punish
-    punishment           punish
-    punishments          punish
-    punk                 punk
-    punto                punto
-    puny                 puni
-    pupil                pupil
-    pupils               pupil
-    puppet               puppet
-    puppets              puppet
-    puppies              puppi
-    puppy                puppi
-    pur                  pur
-    purblind             purblind
-    purchas              purcha
-    purchase             purchas
-    purchased            purchas
-    purchases            purchas
-    purchaseth           purchaseth
-    purchasing           purchas
-    pure                 pure
-    purely               pure
-    purer                purer
-    purest               purest
-    purg                 purg
-    purgation            purgat
-    purgative            purg
-    purgatory            purgatori
-    purge                purg
-    purged               purg
-    purgers              purger
-    purging              purg
-    purifies             purifi
-    purifying            purifi
-    puritan              puritan
-    purity               puriti
-    purlieus             purlieu
-    purple               purpl
-    purpled              purpl
-    purples              purpl
-    purport              purport
-    purpos               purpo
-    purpose              purpos
-    purposed             purpos
-    purposely            purpos
-    purposes             purpos
-    purposeth            purposeth
-    purposing            purpos
-    purr                 purr
-    purs                 pur
-    purse                purs
-    pursents             pursent
-    purses               purs
-    pursu                pursu
-    pursue               pursu
-    pursued              pursu
-    pursuers             pursuer
-    pursues              pursu
-    pursuest             pursuest
-    pursueth             pursueth
-    pursuing             pursu
-    pursuit              pursuit
-    pursuivant           pursuiv
-    pursuivants          pursuiv
-    pursy                pursi
-    purus                puru
-    purveyor             purveyor
-    push                 push
-    pushes               push
-    pusillanimity        pusillanim
-    put                  put
-    putrefy              putrefi
-    putrified            putrifi
-    puts                 put
-    putter               putter
-    putting              put
-    puttock              puttock
-    puzzel               puzzel
-    puzzle               puzzl
-    puzzled              puzzl
-    puzzles              puzzl
-    py                   py
-    pygmalion            pygmalion
-    pygmies              pygmi
-    pygmy                pygmi
-    pyramid              pyramid
-    pyramides            pyramid
-    pyramids             pyramid
-    pyramis              pyrami
-    pyramises            pyramis
-    pyramus              pyramu
-    pyrenean             pyrenean
-    pyrrhus              pyrrhu
-    pythagoras           pythagora
-    qu                   qu
-    quadrangle           quadrangl
-    quae                 quae
-    quaff                quaff
-    quaffing             quaf
-    quagmire             quagmir
-    quail                quail
-    quailing             quail
-    quails               quail
-    quaint               quaint
-    quaintly             quaintli
-    quak                 quak
-    quake                quak
-    quakes               quak
-    qualification        qualif
-    qualified            qualifi
-    qualifies            qualifi
-    qualify              qualifi
-    qualifying           qualifi
-    qualite              qualit
-    qualities            qualiti
-    quality              qualiti
-    qualm                qualm
-    qualmish             qualmish
-    quam                 quam
-    quand                quand
-    quando               quando
-    quantities           quantiti
-    quantity             quantiti
-    quare                quar
-    quarrel              quarrel
-    quarrell             quarrel
-    quarreller           quarrel
-    quarrelling          quarrel
-    quarrelous           quarrel
-    quarrels             quarrel
-    quarrelsome          quarrelsom
-    quarries             quarri
-    quarry               quarri
-    quart                quart
-    quarter              quarter
-    quartered            quarter
-    quartering           quarter
-    quarters             quarter
-    quarts               quart
-    quasi                quasi
-    quat                 quat
-    quatch               quatch
-    quay                 quai
-    que                  que
-    quean                quean
-    queas                quea
-    queasiness           queasi
-    queasy               queasi
-    queen                queen
-    queens               queen
-    quell                quell
-    queller              queller
-    quench               quench
-    quenched             quench
-    quenching            quench
-    quenchless           quenchless
-    quern                quern
-    quest                quest
-    questant             questant
-    question             question
-    questionable         question
-    questioned           question
-    questioning          question
-    questionless         questionless
-    questions            question
-    questrists           questrist
-    quests               quest
-    queubus              queubu
-    qui                  qui
-    quick                quick
-    quicken              quicken
-    quickens             quicken
-    quicker              quicker
-    quicklier            quicklier
-    quickly              quickli
-    quickness            quick
-    quicksand            quicksand
-    quicksands           quicksand
-    quicksilverr         quicksilverr
-    quid                 quid
-    quiddities           quidditi
-    quiddits             quiddit
-    quier                quier
-    quiet                quiet
-    quieter              quieter
-    quietly              quietli
-    quietness            quiet
-    quietus              quietu
-    quill                quill
-    quillets             quillet
-    quills               quill
-    quilt                quilt
-    quinapalus           quinapalu
-    quince               quinc
-    quinces              quinc
-    quintain             quintain
-    quintessence         quintess
-    quintus              quintu
-    quip                 quip
-    quips                quip
-    quire                quir
-    quiring              quir
-    quirk                quirk
-    quirks               quirk
-    quis                 qui
-    quit                 quit
-    quite                quit
-    quits                quit
-    quittance            quittanc
-    quitted              quit
-    quitting             quit
-    quiver               quiver
-    quivering            quiver
-    quivers              quiver
-    quo                  quo
-    quod                 quod
-    quoifs               quoif
-    quoint               quoint
-    quoit                quoit
-    quoits               quoit
-    quondam              quondam
-    quoniam              quoniam
-    quote                quot
-    quoted               quot
-    quotes               quot
-    quoth                quoth
-    quotidian            quotidian
-    r                    r
-    rabbit               rabbit
-    rabble               rabbl
-    rabblement           rabblement
-    race                 race
-    rack                 rack
-    rackers              racker
-    racket               racket
-    rackets              racket
-    racking              rack
-    racks                rack
-    radiance             radianc
-    radiant              radiant
-    radish               radish
-    rafe                 rafe
-    raft                 raft
-    rag                  rag
-    rage                 rage
-    rages                rage
-    rageth               rageth
-    ragg                 ragg
-    ragged               rag
-    raggedness           ragged
-    raging               rage
-    ragozine             ragozin
-    rags                 rag
-    rah                  rah
-    rail                 rail
-    railed               rail
-    railer               railer
-    railest              railest
-    raileth              raileth
-    railing              rail
-    rails                rail
-    raiment              raiment
-    rain                 rain
-    rainbow              rainbow
-    raineth              raineth
-    raining              rain
-    rainold              rainold
-    rains                rain
-    rainy                raini
-    rais                 rai
-    raise                rais
-    raised               rais
-    raises               rais
-    raising              rais
-    raisins              raisin
-    rak                  rak
-    rake                 rake
-    rakers               raker
-    rakes                rake
-    ral                  ral
-    rald                 rald
-    ralph                ralph
-    ram                  ram
-    rambures             rambur
-    ramm                 ramm
-    rampallian           rampallian
-    rampant              rampant
-    ramping              ramp
-    rampir               rampir
-    ramps                ramp
-    rams                 ram
-    ramsey               ramsei
-    ramston              ramston
-    ran                  ran
-    rance                ranc
-    rancorous            rancor
-    rancors              rancor
-    rancour              rancour
-    random               random
-    rang                 rang
-    range                rang
-    ranged               rang
-    rangers              ranger
-    ranges               rang
-    ranging              rang
-    rank                 rank
-    ranker               ranker
-    rankest              rankest
-    ranking              rank
-    rankle               rankl
-    rankly               rankli
-    rankness             rank
-    ranks                rank
-    ransack              ransack
-    ransacking           ransack
-    ransom               ransom
-    ransomed             ransom
-    ransoming            ransom
-    ransomless           ransomless
-    ransoms              ransom
-    rant                 rant
-    ranting              rant
-    rap                  rap
-    rape                 rape
-    rapes                rape
-    rapier               rapier
-    rapiers              rapier
-    rapine               rapin
-    raps                 rap
-    rapt                 rapt
-    rapture              raptur
-    raptures             raptur
-    rar                  rar
-    rare                 rare
-    rarely               rare
-    rareness             rare
-    rarer                rarer
-    rarest               rarest
-    rarities             rariti
-    rarity               rariti
-    rascal               rascal
-    rascalliest          rascalliest
-    rascally             rascal
-    rascals              rascal
-    rased                rase
-    rash                 rash
-    rasher               rasher
-    rashly               rashli
-    rashness             rash
-    rat                  rat
-    ratcatcher           ratcatch
-    ratcliff             ratcliff
-    rate                 rate
-    rated                rate
-    rately               rate
-    rates                rate
-    rather               rather
-    ratherest            ratherest
-    ratified             ratifi
-    ratifiers            ratifi
-    ratify               ratifi
-    rating               rate
-    rational             ration
-    ratolorum            ratolorum
-    rats                 rat
-    ratsbane             ratsban
-    rattle               rattl
-    rattles              rattl
-    rattling             rattl
-    rature               ratur
-    raught               raught
-    rav                  rav
-    rave                 rave
-    ravel                ravel
-    raven                raven
-    ravening             raven
-    ravenous             raven
-    ravens               raven
-    ravenspurgh          ravenspurgh
-    raves                rave
-    ravin                ravin
-    raving               rave
-    ravish               ravish
-    ravished             ravish
-    ravisher             ravish
-    ravishing            ravish
-    ravishments          ravish
-    raw                  raw
-    rawer                rawer
-    rawly                rawli
-    rawness              raw
-    ray                  rai
-    rayed                rai
-    rays                 rai
-    raz                  raz
-    raze                 raze
-    razed                raze
-    razes                raze
-    razeth               razeth
-    razing               raze
-    razor                razor
-    razorable            razor
-    razors               razor
-    razure               razur
-    re                   re
-    reach                reach
-    reaches              reach
-    reacheth             reacheth
-    reaching             reach
-    read                 read
-    reader               reader
-    readiest             readiest
-    readily              readili
-    readiness            readi
-    reading              read
-    readins              readin
-    reads                read
-    ready                readi
-    real                 real
-    really               realli
-    realm                realm
-    realms               realm
-    reap                 reap
-    reapers              reaper
-    reaping              reap
-    reaps                reap
-    rear                 rear
-    rears                rear
-    rearward             rearward
-    reason               reason
-    reasonable           reason
-    reasonably           reason
-    reasoned             reason
-    reasoning            reason
-    reasonless           reasonless
-    reasons              reason
-    reave                reav
-    rebate               rebat
-    rebato               rebato
-    rebeck               rebeck
-    rebel                rebel
-    rebell               rebel
-    rebelling            rebel
-    rebellion            rebellion
-    rebellious           rebelli
-    rebels               rebel
-    rebound              rebound
-    rebuk                rebuk
-    rebuke               rebuk
-    rebukeable           rebuk
-    rebuked              rebuk
-    rebukes              rebuk
-    rebus                rebu
-    recall               recal
-    recant               recant
-    recantation          recant
-    recanter             recant
-    recanting            recant
-    receipt              receipt
-    receipts             receipt
-    receiv               receiv
-    receive              receiv
-    received             receiv
-    receiver             receiv
-    receives             receiv
-    receivest            receivest
-    receiveth            receiveth
-    receiving            receiv
-    receptacle           receptacl
-    rechate              rechat
-    reciprocal           reciproc
-    reciprocally         reciproc
-    recite               recit
-    recited              recit
-    reciterai            reciterai
-    reck                 reck
-    recking              reck
-    reckless             reckless
-    reckon               reckon
-    reckoned             reckon
-    reckoning            reckon
-    reckonings           reckon
-    recks                reck
-    reclaim              reclaim
-    reclaims             reclaim
-    reclusive            reclus
-    recognizance         recogniz
-    recognizances        recogniz
-    recoil               recoil
-    recoiling            recoil
-    recollected          recollect
-    recomforted          recomfort
-    recomforture         recomfortur
-    recommend            recommend
-    recommended          recommend
-    recommends           recommend
-    recompens            recompen
-    recompense           recompens
-    reconcil             reconcil
-    reconcile            reconcil
-    reconciled           reconcil
-    reconcilement        reconcil
-    reconciler           reconcil
-    reconciles           reconcil
-    reconciliation       reconcili
-    record               record
-    recordation          record
-    recorded             record
-    recorder             record
-    recorders            record
-    records              record
-    recount              recount
-    recounted            recount
-    recounting           recount
-    recountments         recount
-    recounts             recount
-    recourse             recours
-    recov                recov
-    recover              recov
-    recoverable          recover
-    recovered            recov
-    recoveries           recoveri
-    recovers             recov
-    recovery             recoveri
-    recreant             recreant
-    recreants            recreant
-    recreate             recreat
-    recreation           recreat
-    rectify              rectifi
-    rector               rector
-    rectorship           rectorship
-    recure               recur
-    recured              recur
-    red                  red
-    redbreast            redbreast
-    redder               redder
-    reddest              reddest
-    rede                 rede
-    redeem               redeem
-    redeemed             redeem
-    redeemer             redeem
-    redeeming            redeem
-    redeems              redeem
-    redeliver            redeliv
-    redemption           redempt
-    redime               redim
-    redness              red
-    redoubled            redoubl
-    redoubted            redoubt
-    redound              redound
-    redress              redress
-    redressed            redress
-    redresses            redress
-    reduce               reduc
-    reechy               reechi
-    reed                 reed
-    reeds                reed
-    reek                 reek
-    reeking              reek
-    reeks                reek
-    reeky                reeki
-    reel                 reel
-    reeleth              reeleth
-    reeling              reel
-    reels                reel
-    refell               refel
-    refer                refer
-    reference            refer
-    referr               referr
-    referred             refer
-    refigured            refigur
-    refin                refin
-    refined              refin
-    reflect              reflect
-    reflecting           reflect
-    reflection           reflect
-    reflex               reflex
-    reform               reform
-    reformation          reform
-    reformed             reform
-    refractory           refractori
-    refrain              refrain
-    refresh              refresh
-    refreshing           refresh
-    reft                 reft
-    refts                reft
-    refuge               refug
-    refus                refu
-    refusal              refus
-    refuse               refus
-    refused              refus
-    refusest             refusest
-    refusing             refus
-    reg                  reg
-    regal                regal
-    regalia              regalia
-    regan                regan
-    regard               regard
-    regardance           regard
-    regarded             regard
-    regardfully          regardfulli
-    regarding            regard
-    regards              regard
-    regenerate           regener
-    regent               regent
-    regentship           regentship
-    regia                regia
-    regiment             regiment
-    regiments            regiment
-    regina               regina
-    region               region
-    regions              region
-    regist               regist
-    register             regist
-    registers            regist
-    regreet              regreet
-    regreets             regreet
-    regress              regress
-    reguerdon            reguerdon
-    regular              regular
-    rehears              rehear
-    rehearsal            rehears
-    rehearse             rehears
-    reign                reign
-    reigned              reign
-    reignier             reignier
-    reigning             reign
-    reigns               reign
-    rein                 rein
-    reinforc             reinforc
-    reinforce            reinforc
-    reinforcement        reinforc
-    reins                rein
-    reiterate            reiter
-    reject               reject
-    rejected             reject
-    rejoic               rejoic
-    rejoice              rejoic
-    rejoices             rejoic
-    rejoiceth            rejoiceth
-    rejoicing            rejoic
-    rejoicingly          rejoicingli
-    rejoindure           rejoindur
-    rejourn              rejourn
-    rel                  rel
-    relapse              relaps
-    relate               relat
-    relates              relat
-    relation             relat
-    relations            relat
-    relative             rel
-    releas               relea
-    release              releas
-    released             releas
-    releasing            releas
-    relent               relent
-    relenting            relent
-    relents              relent
-    reliances            relianc
-    relics               relic
-    relief               relief
-    reliev               reliev
-    relieve              reliev
-    relieved             reliev
-    relieves             reliev
-    relieving            reliev
-    religion             religion
-    religions            religion
-    religious            religi
-    religiously          religi
-    relinquish           relinquish
-    reliques             reliqu
-    reliquit             reliquit
-    relish               relish
-    relume               relum
-    rely                 reli
-    relying              reli
-    remain               remain
-    remainder            remaind
-    remainders           remaind
-    remained             remain
-    remaineth            remaineth
-    remaining            remain
-    remains              remain
-    remark               remark
-    remarkable           remark
-    remediate            remedi
-    remedied             remedi
-    remedies             remedi
-    remedy               remedi
-    rememb               rememb
-    remember             rememb
-    remembered           rememb
-    remembers            rememb
-    remembrance          remembr
-    remembrancer         remembranc
-    remembrances         remembr
-    remercimens          remercimen
-    remiss               remiss
-    remission            remiss
-    remissness           remiss
-    remit                remit
-    remnant              remnant
-    remnants             remnant
-    remonstrance         remonstr
-    remorse              remors
-    remorseful           remors
-    remorseless          remorseless
-    remote               remot
-    remotion             remot
-    remov                remov
-    remove               remov
-    removed              remov
-    removedness          removed
-    remover              remov
-    removes              remov
-    removing             remov
-    remunerate           remuner
-    remuneration         remuner
-    rence                renc
-    rend                 rend
-    render               render
-    rendered             render
-    renders              render
-    rendezvous           rendezv
-    renegado             renegado
-    renege               reneg
-    reneges              reneg
-    renew                renew
-    renewed              renew
-    renewest             renewest
-    renounce             renounc
-    renouncement         renounc
-    renouncing           renounc
-    renowmed             renowm
-    renown               renown
-    renowned             renown
-    rent                 rent
-    rents                rent
-    repaid               repaid
-    repair               repair
-    repaired             repair
-    repairing            repair
-    repairs              repair
-    repass               repass
-    repast               repast
-    repasture            repastur
-    repay                repai
-    repaying             repai
-    repays               repai
-    repeal               repeal
-    repealing            repeal
-    repeals              repeal
-    repeat               repeat
-    repeated             repeat
-    repeating            repeat
-    repeats              repeat
-    repel                repel
-    repent               repent
-    repentance           repent
-    repentant            repent
-    repented             repent
-    repenting            repent
-    repents              repent
-    repetition           repetit
-    repetitions          repetit
-    repin                repin
-    repine               repin
-    repining             repin
-    replant              replant
-    replenish            replenish
-    replenished          replenish
-    replete              replet
-    replication          replic
-    replied              repli
-    replies              repli
-    repliest             repliest
-    reply                repli
-    replying             repli
-    report               report
-    reported             report
-    reporter             report
-    reportest            reportest
-    reporting            report
-    reportingly          reportingli
-    reports              report
-    reposal              repos
-    repose               repos
-    reposeth             reposeth
-    reposing             repos
-    repossess            repossess
-    reprehend            reprehend
-    reprehended          reprehend
-    reprehending         reprehend
-    represent            repres
-    representing         repres
-    reprieve             repriev
-    reprieves            repriev
-    reprisal             repris
-    reproach             reproach
-    reproaches           reproach
-    reproachful          reproach
-    reproachfully        reproachfulli
-    reprobate            reprob
-    reprobation          reprob
-    reproof              reproof
-    reprov               reprov
-    reprove              reprov
-    reproveable          reprov
-    reproves             reprov
-    reproving            reprov
-    repugn               repugn
-    repugnancy           repugn
-    repugnant            repugn
-    repulse              repuls
-    repulsed             repuls
-    repurchas            repurcha
-    repured              repur
-    reputation           reput
-    repute               reput
-    reputed              reput
-    reputeless           reputeless
-    reputes              reput
-    reputing             reput
-    request              request
-    requested            request
-    requesting           request
-    requests             request
-    requiem              requiem
-    requir               requir
-    require              requir
-    required             requir
-    requires             requir
-    requireth            requireth
-    requiring            requir
-    requisite            requisit
-    requisites           requisit
-    requit               requit
-    requital             requit
-    requite              requit
-    requited             requit
-    requites             requit
-    rer                  rer
-    rere                 rere
-    rers                 rer
-    rescu                rescu
-    rescue               rescu
-    rescued              rescu
-    rescues              rescu
-    rescuing             rescu
-    resemblance          resembl
-    resemble             resembl
-    resembled            resembl
-    resembles            resembl
-    resembleth           resembleth
-    resembling           resembl
-    reserv               reserv
-    reservation          reserv
-    reserve              reserv
-    reserved             reserv
-    reserves             reserv
-    reside               resid
-    residence            resid
-    resident             resid
-    resides              resid
-    residing             resid
-    residue              residu
-    resign               resign
-    resignation          resign
-    resist               resist
-    resistance           resist
-    resisted             resist
-    resisting            resist
-    resists              resist
-    resolute             resolut
-    resolutely           resolut
-    resolutes            resolut
-    resolution           resolut
-    resolv               resolv
-    resolve              resolv
-    resolved             resolv
-    resolvedly           resolvedli
-    resolves             resolv
-    resolveth            resolveth
-    resort               resort
-    resorted             resort
-    resounding           resound
-    resounds             resound
-    respeaking           respeak
-    respect              respect
-    respected            respect
-    respecting           respect
-    respective           respect
-    respectively         respect
-    respects             respect
-    respice              respic
-    respite              respit
-    respites             respit
-    responsive           respons
-    respose              respos
-    ress                 ress
-    rest                 rest
-    rested               rest
-    resteth              resteth
-    restful              rest
-    resting              rest
-    restitution          restitut
-    restless             restless
-    restor               restor
-    restoration          restor
-    restorative          restor
-    restore              restor
-    restored             restor
-    restores             restor
-    restoring            restor
-    restrain             restrain
-    restrained           restrain
-    restraining          restrain
-    restrains            restrain
-    restraint            restraint
-    rests                rest
-    resty                resti
-    resum                resum
-    resume               resum
-    resumes              resum
-    resurrections        resurrect
-    retail               retail
-    retails              retail
-    retain               retain
-    retainers            retain
-    retaining            retain
-    retell               retel
-    retention            retent
-    retentive            retent
-    retinue              retinu
-    retir                retir
-    retire               retir
-    retired              retir
-    retirement           retir
-    retires              retir
-    retiring             retir
-    retold               retold
-    retort               retort
-    retorts              retort
-    retourne             retourn
-    retract              retract
-    retreat              retreat
-    retrograde           retrograd
-    rets                 ret
-    return               return
-    returned             return
-    returnest            returnest
-    returneth            returneth
-    returning            return
-    returns              return
-    revania              revania
-    reveal               reveal
-    reveals              reveal
-    revel                revel
-    reveler              revel
-    revell               revel
-    reveller             revel
-    revellers            revel
-    revelling            revel
-    revelry              revelri
-    revels               revel
-    reveng               reveng
-    revenge              reveng
-    revenged             reveng
-    revengeful           reveng
-    revengement          reveng
-    revenger             reveng
-    revengers            reveng
-    revenges             reveng
-    revenging            reveng
-    revengingly          revengingli
-    revenue              revenu
-    revenues             revenu
-    reverb               reverb
-    reverberate          reverber
-    reverbs              reverb
-    reverenc             reverenc
-    reverence            rever
-    reverend             reverend
-    reverent             rever
-    reverently           rever
-    revers               rever
-    reverse              revers
-    reversion            revers
-    reverted             revert
-    review               review
-    reviewest            reviewest
-    revil                revil
-    revile               revil
-    revisits             revisit
-    reviv                reviv
-    revive               reviv
-    revives              reviv
-    reviving             reviv
-    revok                revok
-    revoke               revok
-    revokement           revok
-    revolt               revolt
-    revolted             revolt
-    revolting            revolt
-    revolts              revolt
-    revolution           revolut
-    revolutions          revolut
-    revolve              revolv
-    revolving            revolv
-    reward               reward
-    rewarded             reward
-    rewarder             reward
-    rewarding            reward
-    rewards              reward
-    reword               reword
-    reworded             reword
-    rex                  rex
-    rey                  rei
-    reynaldo             reynaldo
-    rford                rford
-    rful                 rful
-    rfull                rfull
-    rhapsody             rhapsodi
-    rheims               rheim
-    rhenish              rhenish
-    rhesus               rhesu
-    rhetoric             rhetor
-    rheum                rheum
-    rheumatic            rheumat
-    rheums               rheum
-    rheumy               rheumi
-    rhinoceros           rhinocero
-    rhodes               rhode
-    rhodope              rhodop
-    rhubarb              rhubarb
-    rhym                 rhym
-    rhyme                rhyme
-    rhymers              rhymer
-    rhymes               rhyme
-    rhyming              rhyme
-    rialto               rialto
-    rib                  rib
-    ribald               ribald
-    riband               riband
-    ribands              riband
-    ribaudred            ribaudr
-    ribb                 ribb
-    ribbed               rib
-    ribbon               ribbon
-    ribbons              ribbon
-    ribs                 rib
-    rice                 rice
-    rich                 rich
-    richard              richard
-    richer               richer
-    riches               rich
-    richest              richest
-    richly               richli
-    richmond             richmond
-    richmonds            richmond
-    rid                  rid
-    riddance             riddanc
-    ridden               ridden
-    riddle               riddl
-    riddles              riddl
-    riddling             riddl
-    ride                 ride
-    rider                rider
-    riders               rider
-    rides                ride
-    ridest               ridest
-    rideth               rideth
-    ridge                ridg
-    ridges               ridg
-    ridiculous           ridicul
-    riding               ride
-    rids                 rid
-    rien                 rien
-    ries                 ri
-    rifle                rifl
-    rift                 rift
-    rifted               rift
-    rig                  rig
-    rigg                 rigg
-    riggish              riggish
-    right                right
-    righteous            righteou
-    righteously          righteous
-    rightful             right
-    rightfully           rightfulli
-    rightly              rightli
-    rights               right
-    rigol                rigol
-    rigorous             rigor
-    rigorously           rigor
-    rigour               rigour
-    ril                  ril
-    rim                  rim
-    rin                  rin
-    rinaldo              rinaldo
-    rind                 rind
-    ring                 ring
-    ringing              ring
-    ringleader           ringlead
-    ringlets             ringlet
-    rings                ring
-    ringwood             ringwood
-    riot                 riot
-    rioter               rioter
-    rioting              riot
-    riotous              riotou
-    riots                riot
-    rip                  rip
-    ripe                 ripe
-    ripely               ripe
-    ripen                ripen
-    ripened              ripen
-    ripeness             ripe
-    ripening             ripen
-    ripens               ripen
-    riper                riper
-    ripest               ripest
-    riping               ripe
-    ripp                 ripp
-    ripping              rip
-    rise                 rise
-    risen                risen
-    rises                rise
-    riseth               riseth
-    rish                 rish
-    rising               rise
-    rite                 rite
-    rites                rite
-    rivage               rivag
-    rival                rival
-    rivality             rival
-    rivall               rival
-    rivals               rival
-    rive                 rive
-    rived                rive
-    rivelled             rivel
-    river                river
-    rivers               river
-    rivet                rivet
-    riveted              rivet
-    rivets               rivet
-    rivo                 rivo
-    rj                   rj
-    rless                rless
-    road                 road
-    roads                road
-    roam                 roam
-    roaming              roam
-    roan                 roan
-    roar                 roar
-    roared               roar
-    roarers              roarer
-    roaring              roar
-    roars                roar
-    roast                roast
-    roasted              roast
-    rob                  rob
-    roba                 roba
-    robas                roba
-    robb                 robb
-    robbed               rob
-    robber               robber
-    robbers              robber
-    robbery              robberi
-    robbing              rob
-    robe                 robe
-    robed                robe
-    robert               robert
-    robes                robe
-    robin                robin
-    robs                 rob
-    robustious           robusti
-    rochester            rochest
-    rochford             rochford
-    rock                 rock
-    rocks                rock
-    rocky                rocki
-    rod                  rod
-    rode                 rode
-    roderigo             roderigo
-    rods                 rod
-    roe                  roe
-    roes                 roe
-    roger                roger
-    rogero               rogero
-    rogue                rogu
-    roguery              rogueri
-    rogues               rogu
-    roguish              roguish
-    roi                  roi
-    roisting             roist
-    roll                 roll
-    rolled               roll
-    rolling              roll
-    rolls                roll
-    rom                  rom
-    romage               romag
-    roman                roman
-    romano               romano
-    romanos              romano
-    romans               roman
-    rome                 rome
-    romeo                romeo
-    romish               romish
-    rondure              rondur
-    ronyon               ronyon
-    rood                 rood
-    roof                 roof
-    roofs                roof
-    rook                 rook
-    rooks                rook
-    rooky                rooki
-    room                 room
-    rooms                room
-    root                 root
-    rooted               root
-    rootedly             rootedli
-    rooteth              rooteth
-    rooting              root
-    roots                root
-    rope                 rope
-    ropery               roperi
-    ropes                rope
-    roping               rope
-    ros                  ro
-    rosalind             rosalind
-    rosalinda            rosalinda
-    rosalinde            rosalind
-    rosaline             rosalin
-    roscius              rosciu
-    rose                 rose
-    rosed                rose
-    rosemary             rosemari
-    rosencrantz          rosencrantz
-    roses                rose
-    ross                 ross
-    rosy                 rosi
-    rot                  rot
-    rote                 rote
-    roted                rote
-    rother               rother
-    rotherham            rotherham
-    rots                 rot
-    rotted               rot
-    rotten               rotten
-    rottenness           rotten
-    rotting              rot
-    rotundity            rotund
-    rouen                rouen
-    rough                rough
-    rougher              rougher
-    roughest             roughest
-    roughly              roughli
-    roughness            rough
-    round                round
-    rounded              round
-    roundel              roundel
-    rounder              rounder
-    roundest             roundest
-    rounding             round
-    roundly              roundli
-    rounds               round
-    roundure             roundur
-    rous                 rou
-    rouse                rous
-    roused               rous
-    rousillon            rousillon
-    rously               rousli
-    roussi               roussi
-    rout                 rout
-    routed               rout
-    routs                rout
-    rove                 rove
-    rover                rover
-    row                  row
-    rowel                rowel
-    rowland              rowland
-    rowlands             rowland
-    roy                  roi
-    royal                royal
-    royalize             royal
-    royally              royal
-    royalties            royalti
-    royalty              royalti
-    roynish              roynish
-    rs                   rs
-    rt                   rt
-    rub                  rub
-    rubb                 rubb
-    rubbing              rub
-    rubbish              rubbish
-    rubies               rubi
-    rubious              rubiou
-    rubs                 rub
-    ruby                 rubi
-    rud                  rud
-    rudand               rudand
-    rudder               rudder
-    ruddiness            ruddi
-    ruddock              ruddock
-    ruddy                ruddi
-    rude                 rude
-    rudely               rude
-    rudeness             rude
-    ruder                ruder
-    rudesby              rudesbi
-    rudest               rudest
-    rudiments            rudiment
-    rue                  rue
-    rued                 ru
-    ruff                 ruff
-    ruffian              ruffian
-    ruffians             ruffian
-    ruffle               ruffl
-    ruffling             ruffl
-    ruffs                ruff
-    rug                  rug
-    rugby                rugbi
-    rugemount            rugemount
-    rugged               rug
-    ruin                 ruin
-    ruinate              ruinat
-    ruined               ruin
-    ruining              ruin
-    ruinous              ruinou
-    ruins                ruin
-    rul                  rul
-    rule                 rule
-    ruled                rule
-    ruler                ruler
-    rulers               ruler
-    rules                rule
-    ruling               rule
-    rumble               rumbl
-    ruminaies            ruminai
-    ruminat              ruminat
-    ruminate             rumin
-    ruminated            rumin
-    ruminates            rumin
-    rumination           rumin
-    rumor                rumor
-    rumour               rumour
-    rumourer             rumour
-    rumours              rumour
-    rump                 rump
-    run                  run
-    runagate             runag
-    runagates            runag
-    runaway              runawai
-    runaways             runawai
-    rung                 rung
-    runn                 runn
-    runner               runner
-    runners              runner
-    running              run
-    runs                 run
-    rupture              ruptur
-    ruptures             ruptur
-    rural                rural
-    rush                 rush
-    rushes               rush
-    rushing              rush
-    rushling             rushl
-    rushy                rushi
-    russet               russet
-    russia               russia
-    russian              russian
-    russians             russian
-    rust                 rust
-    rusted               rust
-    rustic               rustic
-    rustically           rustic
-    rustics              rustic
-    rustle               rustl
-    rustling             rustl
-    rusts                rust
-    rusty                rusti
-    rut                  rut
-    ruth                 ruth
-    ruthful              ruth
-    ruthless             ruthless
-    rutland              rutland
-    ruttish              ruttish
-    ry                   ry
-    rye                  rye
-    rything              ryth
-    s                    s
-    sa                   sa
-    saba                 saba
-    sabbath              sabbath
-    sable                sabl
-    sables               sabl
-    sack                 sack
-    sackbuts             sackbut
-    sackcloth            sackcloth
-    sacked               sack
-    sackerson            sackerson
-    sacks                sack
-    sacrament            sacrament
-    sacred               sacr
-    sacrific             sacrif
-    sacrifice            sacrific
-    sacrificers          sacrific
-    sacrifices           sacrific
-    sacrificial          sacrifici
-    sacrificing          sacrif
-    sacrilegious         sacrilegi
-    sacring              sacr
-    sad                  sad
-    sadder               sadder
-    saddest              saddest
-    saddle               saddl
-    saddler              saddler
-    saddles              saddl
-    sadly                sadli
-    sadness              sad
-    saf                  saf
-    safe                 safe
-    safeguard            safeguard
-    safely               safe
-    safer                safer
-    safest               safest
-    safeties             safeti
-    safety               safeti
-    saffron              saffron
-    sag                  sag
-    sage                 sage
-    sagittary            sagittari
-    said                 said
-    saidst               saidst
-    sail                 sail
-    sailing              sail
-    sailmaker            sailmak
-    sailor               sailor
-    sailors              sailor
-    sails                sail
-    sain                 sain
-    saint                saint
-    sainted              saint
-    saintlike            saintlik
-    saints               saint
-    saith                saith
-    sake                 sake
-    sakes                sake
-    sala                 sala
-    salad                salad
-    salamander           salamand
-    salary               salari
-    sale                 sale
-    salerio              salerio
-    salicam              salicam
-    salique              saliqu
-    salisbury            salisburi
-    sall                 sall
-    sallet               sallet
-    sallets              sallet
-    sallies              salli
-    sallow               sallow
-    sally                salli
-    salmon               salmon
-    salmons              salmon
-    salt                 salt
-    salter               salter
-    saltiers             saltier
-    saltness             salt
-    saltpetre            saltpetr
-    salutation           salut
-    salutations          salut
-    salute               salut
-    saluted              salut
-    salutes              salut
-    saluteth             saluteth
-    salv                 salv
-    salvation            salvat
-    salve                salv
-    salving              salv
-    same                 same
-    samingo              samingo
-    samp                 samp
-    sampire              sampir
-    sample               sampl
-    sampler              sampler
-    sampson              sampson
-    samson               samson
-    samsons              samson
-    sancta               sancta
-    sanctified           sanctifi
-    sanctifies           sanctifi
-    sanctify             sanctifi
-    sanctimonies         sanctimoni
-    sanctimonious        sanctimoni
-    sanctimony           sanctimoni
-    sanctities           sanctiti
-    sanctity             sanctiti
-    sanctuarize          sanctuar
-    sanctuary            sanctuari
-    sand                 sand
-    sandal               sandal
-    sandbag              sandbag
-    sanded               sand
-    sands                sand
-    sandy                sandi
-    sandys               sandi
-    sang                 sang
-    sanguine             sanguin
-    sanguis              sangui
-    sanity               saniti
-    sans                 san
-    santrailles          santrail
-    sap                  sap
-    sapient              sapient
-    sapit                sapit
-    sapless              sapless
-    sapling              sapl
-    sapphire             sapphir
-    sapphires            sapphir
-    saracens             saracen
-    sarcenet             sarcenet
-    sard                 sard
-    sardians             sardian
-    sardinia             sardinia
-    sardis               sardi
-    sarum                sarum
-    sat                  sat
-    satan                satan
-    satchel              satchel
-    sate                 sate
-    sated                sate
-    satiate              satiat
-    satiety              satieti
-    satin                satin
-    satire               satir
-    satirical            satir
-    satis                sati
-    satisfaction         satisfact
-    satisfied            satisfi
-    satisfies            satisfi
-    satisfy              satisfi
-    satisfying           satisfi
-    saturday             saturdai
-    saturdays            saturdai
-    saturn               saturn
-    saturnine            saturnin
-    saturninus           saturninu
-    satyr                satyr
-    satyrs               satyr
-    sauc                 sauc
-    sauce                sauc
-    sauced               sauc
-    saucers              saucer
-    sauces               sauc
-    saucily              saucili
-    sauciness            sauci
-    saucy                sauci
-    sauf                 sauf
-    saunder              saunder
-    sav                  sav
-    savage               savag
-    savagely             savag
-    savageness           savag
-    savagery             savageri
-    savages              savag
-    save                 save
-    saved                save
-    saves                save
-    saving               save
-    saviour              saviour
-    savory               savori
-    savour               savour
-    savouring            savour
-    savours              savour
-    savoury              savouri
-    savoy                savoi
-    saw                  saw
-    sawed                saw
-    sawest               sawest
-    sawn                 sawn
-    sawpit               sawpit
-    saws                 saw
-    sawyer               sawyer
-    saxons               saxon
-    saxony               saxoni
-    saxton               saxton
-    say                  sai
-    sayest               sayest
-    saying               sai
-    sayings              sai
-    says                 sai
-    sayst                sayst
-    sblood               sblood
-    sc                   sc
-    scab                 scab
-    scabbard             scabbard
-    scabs                scab
-    scaffold             scaffold
-    scaffoldage          scaffoldag
-    scal                 scal
-    scald                scald
-    scalded              scald
-    scalding             scald
-    scale                scale
-    scaled               scale
-    scales               scale
-    scaling              scale
-    scall                scall
-    scalp                scalp
-    scalps               scalp
-    scaly                scali
-    scamble              scambl
-    scambling            scambl
-    scamels              scamel
-    scan                 scan
-    scandal              scandal
-    scandaliz            scandaliz
-    scandalous           scandal
-    scandy               scandi
-    scann                scann
-    scant                scant
-    scanted              scant
-    scanter              scanter
-    scanting             scant
-    scantling            scantl
-    scants               scant
-    scap                 scap
-    scape                scape
-    scaped               scape
-    scapes               scape
-    scapeth              scapeth
-    scar                 scar
-    scarce               scarc
-    scarcely             scarc
-    scarcity             scarciti
-    scare                scare
-    scarecrow            scarecrow
-    scarecrows           scarecrow
-    scarf                scarf
-    scarfed              scarf
-    scarfs               scarf
-    scaring              scare
-    scarlet              scarlet
-    scarr                scarr
-    scarre               scarr
-    scars                scar
-    scarus               scaru
-    scath                scath
-    scathe               scath
-    scathful             scath
-    scatt                scatt
-    scatter              scatter
-    scattered            scatter
-    scattering           scatter
-    scatters             scatter
-    scelera              scelera
-    scelerisque          scelerisqu
-    scene                scene
-    scenes               scene
-    scent                scent
-    scented              scent
-    scept                scept
-    scepter              scepter
-    sceptre              sceptr
-    sceptred             sceptr
-    sceptres             sceptr
-    schedule             schedul
-    schedules            schedul
-    scholar              scholar
-    scholarly            scholarli
-    scholars             scholar
-    school               school
-    schoolboy            schoolboi
-    schoolboys           schoolboi
-    schoolfellows        schoolfellow
-    schooling            school
-    schoolmaster         schoolmast
-    schoolmasters        schoolmast
-    schools              school
-    sciatica             sciatica
-    sciaticas            sciatica
-    science              scienc
-    sciences             scienc
-    scimitar             scimitar
-    scion                scion
-    scions               scion
-    scissors             scissor
-    scoff                scoff
-    scoffer              scoffer
-    scoffing             scof
-    scoffs               scoff
-    scoggin              scoggin
-    scold                scold
-    scolding             scold
-    scolds               scold
-    sconce               sconc
-    scone                scone
-    scope                scope
-    scopes               scope
-    scorch               scorch
-    scorched             scorch
-    score                score
-    scored               score
-    scores               score
-    scoring              score
-    scorn                scorn
-    scorned              scorn
-    scornful             scorn
-    scornfully           scornfulli
-    scorning             scorn
-    scorns               scorn
-    scorpion             scorpion
-    scorpions            scorpion
-    scot                 scot
-    scotch               scotch
-    scotches             scotch
-    scotland             scotland
-    scots                scot
-    scottish             scottish
-    scoundrels           scoundrel
-    scour                scour
-    scoured              scour
-    scourg               scourg
-    scourge              scourg
-    scouring             scour
-    scout                scout
-    scouts               scout
-    scowl                scowl
-    scrap                scrap
-    scrape               scrape
-    scraping             scrape
-    scraps               scrap
-    scratch              scratch
-    scratches            scratch
-    scratching           scratch
-    scream               scream
-    screams              scream
-    screech              screech
-    screeching           screech
-    screen               screen
-    screens              screen
-    screw                screw
-    screws               screw
-    scribbl              scribbl
-    scribbled            scribbl
-    scribe               scribe
-    scribes              scribe
-    scrimers             scrimer
-    scrip                scrip
-    scrippage            scrippag
-    scripture            scriptur
-    scriptures           scriptur
-    scrivener            scriven
-    scroll               scroll
-    scrolls              scroll
-    scroop               scroop
-    scrowl               scrowl
-    scroyles             scroyl
-    scrubbed             scrub
-    scruple              scrupl
-    scruples             scrupl
-    scrupulous           scrupul
-    scuffles             scuffl
-    scuffling            scuffl
-    scullion             scullion
-    sculls               scull
-    scum                 scum
-    scurril              scurril
-    scurrility           scurril
-    scurrilous           scurril
-    scurvy               scurvi
-    scuse                scuse
-    scut                 scut
-    scutcheon            scutcheon
-    scutcheons           scutcheon
-    scylla               scylla
-    scythe               scyth
-    scythed              scyth
-    scythia              scythia
-    scythian             scythian
-    sdeath               sdeath
-    se                   se
-    sea                  sea
-    seacoal              seacoal
-    seafaring            seafar
-    seal                 seal
-    sealed               seal
-    sealing              seal
-    seals                seal
-    seam                 seam
-    seamen               seamen
-    seamy                seami
-    seaport              seaport
-    sear                 sear
-    searce               searc
-    search               search
-    searchers            searcher
-    searches             search
-    searcheth            searcheth
-    searching            search
-    seared               sear
-    seas                 sea
-    seasick              seasick
-    seaside              seasid
-    season               season
-    seasoned             season
-    seasons              season
-    seat                 seat
-    seated               seat
-    seats                seat
-    sebastian            sebastian
-    second               second
-    secondarily          secondarili
-    secondary            secondari
-    seconded             second
-    seconds              second
-    secrecy              secreci
-    secret               secret
-    secretaries          secretari
-    secretary            secretari
-    secretly             secretli
-    secrets              secret
-    sect                 sect
-    sectary              sectari
-    sects                sect
-    secundo              secundo
-    secure               secur
-    securely             secur
-    securing             secur
-    security             secur
-    sedg                 sedg
-    sedge                sedg
-    sedges               sedg
-    sedgy                sedgi
-    sedition             sedit
-    seditious            sediti
-    seduc                seduc
-    seduce               seduc
-    seduced              seduc
-    seducer              seduc
-    seducing             seduc
-    see                  see
-    seed                 seed
-    seeded               seed
-    seedness             seed
-    seeds                seed
-    seedsman             seedsman
-    seein                seein
-    seeing               see
-    seek                 seek
-    seeking              seek
-    seeks                seek
-    seel                 seel
-    seeling              seel
-    seely                seeli
-    seem                 seem
-    seemed               seem
-    seemers              seemer
-    seemest              seemest
-    seemeth              seemeth
-    seeming              seem
-    seemingly            seemingli
-    seemly               seemli
-    seems                seem
-    seen                 seen
-    seer                 seer
-    sees                 see
-    seese                sees
-    seest                seest
-    seethe               seeth
-    seethes              seeth
-    seething             seeth
-    seeting              seet
-    segregation          segreg
-    seigneur             seigneur
-    seigneurs            seigneur
-    seiz                 seiz
-    seize                seiz
-    seized               seiz
-    seizes               seiz
-    seizeth              seizeth
-    seizing              seiz
-    seizure              seizur
-    seld                 seld
-    seldom               seldom
-    select               select
-    seleucus             seleucu
-    self                 self
-    selfsame             selfsam
-    sell                 sell
-    seller               seller
-    selling              sell
-    sells                sell
-    selves               selv
-    semblable            semblabl
-    semblably            semblabl
-    semblance            semblanc
-    semblances           semblanc
-    semblative           sembl
-    semi                 semi
-    semicircle           semicircl
-    semiramis            semirami
-    semper               semper
-    sempronius           semproniu
-    senate               senat
-    senator              senat
-    senators             senat
-    send                 send
-    sender               sender
-    sendeth              sendeth
-    sending              send
-    sends                send
-    seneca               seneca
-    senior               senior
-    seniory              seniori
-    senis                seni
-    sennet               sennet
-    senoys               senoi
-    sense                sens
-    senseless            senseless
-    senses               sens
-    sensible             sensibl
-    sensibly             sensibl
-    sensual              sensual
-    sensuality           sensual
-    sent                 sent
-    sentenc              sentenc
-    sentence             sentenc
-    sentences            sentenc
-    sententious          sententi
-    sentinel             sentinel
-    sentinels            sentinel
-    separable            separ
-    separate             separ
-    separated            separ
-    separates            separ
-    separation           separ
-    septentrion          septentrion
-    sepulchre            sepulchr
-    sepulchres           sepulchr
-    sepulchring          sepulchr
-    sequel               sequel
-    sequence             sequenc
-    sequent              sequent
-    sequest              sequest
-    sequester            sequest
-    sequestration        sequestr
-    sere                 sere
-    serenis              sereni
-    serge                serg
-    sergeant             sergeant
-    serious              seriou
-    seriously            serious
-    sermon               sermon
-    sermons              sermon
-    serpent              serpent
-    serpentine           serpentin
-    serpents             serpent
-    serpigo              serpigo
-    serv                 serv
-    servant              servant
-    servanted            servant
-    servants             servant
-    serve                serv
-    served               serv
-    server               server
-    serves               serv
-    serveth              serveth
-    service              servic
-    serviceable          servic
-    services             servic
-    servile              servil
-    servility            servil
-    servilius            serviliu
-    serving              serv
-    servingman           servingman
-    servingmen           servingmen
-    serviteur            serviteur
-    servitor             servitor
-    servitors            servitor
-    servitude            servitud
-    sessa                sessa
-    session              session
-    sessions             session
-    sestos               sesto
-    set                  set
-    setebos              setebo
-    sets                 set
-    setter               setter
-    setting              set
-    settle               settl
-    settled              settl
-    settlest             settlest
-    settling             settl
-    sev                  sev
-    seven                seven
-    sevenfold            sevenfold
-    sevennight           sevennight
-    seventeen            seventeen
-    seventh              seventh
-    seventy              seventi
-    sever                sever
-    several              sever
-    severally            sever
-    severals             sever
-    severe               sever
-    severed              sever
-    severely             sever
-    severest             severest
-    severing             sever
-    severity             sever
-    severn               severn
-    severs               sever
-    sew                  sew
-    seward               seward
-    sewer                sewer
-    sewing               sew
-    sex                  sex
-    sexes                sex
-    sexton               sexton
-    sextus               sextu
-    seymour              seymour
-    seyton               seyton
-    sfoot                sfoot
-    sh                   sh
-    shackle              shackl
-    shackles             shackl
-    shade                shade
-    shades               shade
-    shadow               shadow
-    shadowed             shadow
-    shadowing            shadow
-    shadows              shadow
-    shadowy              shadowi
-    shady                shadi
-    shafalus             shafalu
-    shaft                shaft
-    shafts               shaft
-    shag                 shag
-    shak                 shak
-    shake                shake
-    shaked               shake
-    shaken               shaken
-    shakes               shake
-    shaking              shake
-    shales               shale
-    shall                shall
-    shallenge            shalleng
-    shallow              shallow
-    shallowest           shallowest
-    shallowly            shallowli
-    shallows             shallow
-    shalt                shalt
-    sham                 sham
-    shambles             shambl
-    shame                shame
-    shamed               shame
-    shameful             shame
-    shamefully           shamefulli
-    shameless            shameless
-    shames               shame
-    shamest              shamest
-    shaming              shame
-    shank                shank
-    shanks               shank
-    shap                 shap
-    shape                shape
-    shaped               shape
-    shapeless            shapeless
-    shapen               shapen
-    shapes               shape
-    shaping              shape
-    shar                 shar
-    shard                shard
-    sharded              shard
-    shards               shard
-    share                share
-    shared               share
-    sharers              sharer
-    shares               share
-    sharing              share
-    shark                shark
-    sharp                sharp
-    sharpen              sharpen
-    sharpened            sharpen
-    sharpens             sharpen
-    sharper              sharper
-    sharpest             sharpest
-    sharply              sharpli
-    sharpness            sharp
-    sharps               sharp
-    shatter              shatter
-    shav                 shav
-    shave                shave
-    shaven               shaven
-    shaw                 shaw
-    she                  she
-    sheaf                sheaf
-    sheal                sheal
-    shear                shear
-    shearers             shearer
-    shearing             shear
-    shearman             shearman
-    shears               shear
-    sheath               sheath
-    sheathe              sheath
-    sheathed             sheath
-    sheathes             sheath
-    sheathing            sheath
-    sheaved              sheav
-    sheaves              sheav
-    shed                 shed
-    shedding             shed
-    sheds                shed
-    sheen                sheen
-    sheep                sheep
-    sheepcote            sheepcot
-    sheepcotes           sheepcot
-    sheeps               sheep
-    sheepskins           sheepskin
-    sheer                sheer
-    sheet                sheet
-    sheeted              sheet
-    sheets               sheet
-    sheffield            sheffield
-    shelf                shelf
-    shell                shell
-    shells               shell
-    shelt                shelt
-    shelter              shelter
-    shelters             shelter
-    shelves              shelv
-    shelving             shelv
-    shelvy               shelvi
-    shent                shent
-    shepherd             shepherd
-    shepherdes           shepherd
-    shepherdess          shepherdess
-    shepherdesses        shepherdess
-    shepherds            shepherd
-    sher                 sher
-    sheriff              sheriff
-    sherris              sherri
-    shes                 she
-    sheweth              sheweth
-    shield               shield
-    shielded             shield
-    shields              shield
-    shift                shift
-    shifted              shift
-    shifting             shift
-    shifts               shift
-    shilling             shill
-    shillings            shill
-    shin                 shin
-    shine                shine
-    shines               shine
-    shineth              shineth
-    shining              shine
-    shins                shin
-    shiny                shini
-    ship                 ship
-    shipboard            shipboard
-    shipman              shipman
-    shipmaster           shipmast
-    shipmen              shipmen
-    shipp                shipp
-    shipped              ship
-    shipping             ship
-    ships                ship
-    shipt                shipt
-    shipwreck            shipwreck
-    shipwrecking         shipwreck
-    shipwright           shipwright
-    shipwrights          shipwright
-    shire                shire
-    shirley              shirlei
-    shirt                shirt
-    shirts               shirt
-    shive                shive
-    shiver               shiver
-    shivering            shiver
-    shivers              shiver
-    shoal                shoal
-    shoals               shoal
-    shock                shock
-    shocks               shock
-    shod                 shod
-    shoe                 shoe
-    shoeing              shoe
-    shoemaker            shoemak
-    shoes                shoe
-    shog                 shog
-    shone                shone
-    shook                shook
-    shoon                shoon
-    shoot                shoot
-    shooter              shooter
-    shootie              shooti
-    shooting             shoot
-    shoots               shoot
-    shop                 shop
-    shops                shop
-    shore                shore
-    shores               shore
-    shorn                shorn
-    short                short
-    shortcake            shortcak
-    shorten              shorten
-    shortened            shorten
-    shortens             shorten
-    shorter              shorter
-    shortly              shortli
-    shortness            short
-    shot                 shot
-    shotten              shotten
-    shoughs              shough
-    should               should
-    shoulder             shoulder
-    shouldering          shoulder
-    shoulders            shoulder
-    shouldst             shouldst
-    shout                shout
-    shouted              shout
-    shouting             shout
-    shouts               shout
-    shov                 shov
-    shove                shove
-    shovel               shovel
-    shovels              shovel
-    show                 show
-    showed               show
-    shower               shower
-    showers              shower
-    showest              showest
-    showing              show
-    shown                shown
-    shows                show
-    shreds               shred
-    shrew                shrew
-    shrewd               shrewd
-    shrewdly             shrewdli
-    shrewdness           shrewd
-    shrewish             shrewish
-    shrewishly           shrewishli
-    shrewishness         shrewish
-    shrews               shrew
-    shrewsbury           shrewsburi
-    shriek               shriek
-    shrieking            shriek
-    shrieks              shriek
-    shrieve              shriev
-    shrift               shrift
-    shrill               shrill
-    shriller             shriller
-    shrills              shrill
-    shrilly              shrilli
-    shrimp               shrimp
-    shrine               shrine
-    shrink               shrink
-    shrinking            shrink
-    shrinks              shrink
-    shriv                shriv
-    shrive               shrive
-    shriver              shriver
-    shrives              shrive
-    shriving             shrive
-    shroud               shroud
-    shrouded             shroud
-    shrouding            shroud
-    shrouds              shroud
-    shrove               shrove
-    shrow                shrow
-    shrows               shrow
-    shrub                shrub
-    shrubs               shrub
-    shrug                shrug
-    shrugs               shrug
-    shrunk               shrunk
-    shudd                shudd
-    shudders             shudder
-    shuffl               shuffl
-    shuffle              shuffl
-    shuffled             shuffl
-    shuffling            shuffl
-    shun                 shun
-    shunless             shunless
-    shunn                shunn
-    shunned              shun
-    shunning             shun
-    shuns                shun
-    shut                 shut
-    shuts                shut
-    shuttle              shuttl
-    shy                  shy
-    shylock              shylock
-    si                   si
-    sibyl                sibyl
-    sibylla              sibylla
-    sibyls               sibyl
-    sicil                sicil
-    sicilia              sicilia
-    sicilian             sicilian
-    sicilius             siciliu
-    sicils               sicil
-    sicily               sicili
-    sicinius             siciniu
-    sick                 sick
-    sicken               sicken
-    sickens              sicken
-    sicker               sicker
-    sickle               sickl
-    sicklemen            sicklemen
-    sicklied             sickli
-    sickliness           sickli
-    sickly               sickli
-    sickness             sick
-    sicles               sicl
-    sicyon               sicyon
-    side                 side
-    sided                side
-    sides                side
-    siege                sieg
-    sieges               sieg
-    sienna               sienna
-    sies                 si
-    sieve                siev
-    sift                 sift
-    sifted               sift
-    sigeia               sigeia
-    sigh                 sigh
-    sighed               sigh
-    sighing              sigh
-    sighs                sigh
-    sight                sight
-    sighted              sight
-    sightless            sightless
-    sightly              sightli
-    sights               sight
-    sign                 sign
-    signal               signal
-    signet               signet
-    signieur             signieur
-    significant          signific
-    significants         signific
-    signified            signifi
-    signifies            signifi
-    signify              signifi
-    signifying           signifi
-    signior              signior
-    signiories           signiori
-    signiors             signior
-    signiory             signiori
-    signor               signor
-    signories            signori
-    signs                sign
-    signum               signum
-    silenc               silenc
-    silence              silenc
-    silenced             silenc
-    silencing            silenc
-    silent               silent
-    silently             silent
-    silius               siliu
-    silk                 silk
-    silken               silken
-    silkman              silkman
-    silks                silk
-    silliest             silliest
-    silliness            silli
-    silling              sill
-    silly                silli
-    silva                silva
-    silver               silver
-    silvered             silver
-    silverly             silverli
-    silvia               silvia
-    silvius              silviu
-    sima                 sima
-    simile               simil
-    similes              simil
-    simois               simoi
-    simon                simon
-    simony               simoni
-    simp                 simp
-    simpcox              simpcox
-    simple               simpl
-    simpleness           simpl
-    simpler              simpler
-    simples              simpl
-    simplicity           simplic
-    simply               simpli
-    simular              simular
-    simulation           simul
-    sin                  sin
-    since                sinc
-    sincere              sincer
-    sincerely            sincer
-    sincerity            sincer
-    sinel                sinel
-    sinew                sinew
-    sinewed              sinew
-    sinews               sinew
-    sinewy               sinewi
-    sinful               sin
-    sinfully             sinfulli
-    sing                 sing
-    singe                sing
-    singeing             sing
-    singer               singer
-    singes               sing
-    singeth              singeth
-    singing              sing
-    single               singl
-    singled              singl
-    singleness           singl
-    singly               singli
-    sings                sing
-    singular             singular
-    singulariter         singularit
-    singularities        singular
-    singularity          singular
-    singuled             singul
-    sinister             sinist
-    sink                 sink
-    sinking              sink
-    sinks                sink
-    sinn                 sinn
-    sinner               sinner
-    sinners              sinner
-    sinning              sin
-    sinon                sinon
-    sins                 sin
-    sip                  sip
-    sipping              sip
-    sir                  sir
-    sire                 sire
-    siren                siren
-    sirrah               sirrah
-    sirs                 sir
-    sist                 sist
-    sister               sister
-    sisterhood           sisterhood
-    sisterly             sisterli
-    sisters              sister
-    sit                  sit
-    sith                 sith
-    sithence             sithenc
-    sits                 sit
-    sitting              sit
-    situate              situat
-    situation            situat
-    situations           situat
-    siward               siward
-    six                  six
-    sixpence             sixpenc
-    sixpences            sixpenc
-    sixpenny             sixpenni
-    sixteen              sixteen
-    sixth                sixth
-    sixty                sixti
-    siz                  siz
-    size                 size
-    sizes                size
-    sizzle               sizzl
-    skains               skain
-    skamble              skambl
-    skein                skein
-    skelter              skelter
-    skies                ski
-    skilful              skil
-    skilfully            skilfulli
-    skill                skill
-    skilless             skilless
-    skillet              skillet
-    skillful             skill
-    skills               skill
-    skim                 skim
-    skimble              skimbl
-    skin                 skin
-    skinker              skinker
-    skinny               skinni
-    skins                skin
-    skip                 skip
-    skipp                skipp
-    skipper              skipper
-    skipping             skip
-    skirmish             skirmish
-    skirmishes           skirmish
-    skirr                skirr
-    skirted              skirt
-    skirts               skirt
-    skittish             skittish
-    skulking             skulk
-    skull                skull
-    skulls               skull
-    sky                  sky
-    skyey                skyei
-    skyish               skyish
-    slab                 slab
-    slack                slack
-    slackly              slackli
-    slackness            slack
-    slain                slain
-    slake                slake
-    sland                sland
-    slander              slander
-    slandered            slander
-    slanderer            slander
-    slanderers           slander
-    slandering           slander
-    slanderous           slander
-    slanders             slander
-    slash                slash
-    slaught              slaught
-    slaughter            slaughter
-    slaughtered          slaughter
-    slaughterer          slaughter
-    slaughterman         slaughterman
-    slaughtermen         slaughtermen
-    slaughterous         slaughter
-    slaughters           slaughter
-    slave                slave
-    slaver               slaver
-    slavery              slaveri
-    slaves               slave
-    slavish              slavish
-    slay                 slai
-    slayeth              slayeth
-    slaying              slai
-    slays                slai
-    sleave               sleav
-    sledded              sled
-    sleek                sleek
-    sleekly              sleekli
-    sleep                sleep
-    sleeper              sleeper
-    sleepers             sleeper
-    sleepest             sleepest
-    sleeping             sleep
-    sleeps               sleep
-    sleepy               sleepi
-    sleeve               sleev
-    sleeves              sleev
-    sleid                sleid
-    sleided              sleid
-    sleight              sleight
-    sleights             sleight
-    slender              slender
-    slenderer            slender
-    slenderly            slenderli
-    slept                slept
-    slew                 slew
-    slewest              slewest
-    slice                slice
-    slid                 slid
-    slide                slide
-    slides               slide
-    sliding              slide
-    slight               slight
-    slighted             slight
-    slightest            slightest
-    slightly             slightli
-    slightness           slight
-    slights              slight
-    slily                slili
-    slime                slime
-    slimy                slimi
-    slings               sling
-    slink                slink
-    slip                 slip
-    slipp                slipp
-    slipper              slipper
-    slippers             slipper
-    slippery             slipperi
-    slips                slip
-    slish                slish
-    slit                 slit
-    sliver               sliver
-    slobb                slobb
-    slomber              slomber
-    slop                 slop
-    slope                slope
-    slops                slop
-    sloth                sloth
-    slothful             sloth
-    slough               slough
-    slovenly             slovenli
-    slovenry             slovenri
-    slow                 slow
-    slower               slower
-    slowly               slowli
-    slowness             slow
-    slubber              slubber
-    slug                 slug
-    sluggard             sluggard
-    sluggardiz           sluggardiz
-    sluggish             sluggish
-    sluic                sluic
-    slumb                slumb
-    slumber              slumber
-    slumbers             slumber
-    slumbery             slumberi
-    slunk                slunk
-    slut                 slut
-    sluts                slut
-    sluttery             slutteri
-    sluttish             sluttish
-    sluttishness         sluttish
-    sly                  sly
-    slys                 sly
-    smack                smack
-    smacking             smack
-    smacks               smack
-    small                small
-    smaller              smaller
-    smallest             smallest
-    smallness            small
-    smalus               smalu
-    smart                smart
-    smarting             smart
-    smartly              smartli
-    smatch               smatch
-    smatter              smatter
-    smear                smear
-    smell                smell
-    smelling             smell
-    smells               smell
-    smelt                smelt
-    smil                 smil
-    smile                smile
-    smiled               smile
-    smiles               smile
-    smilest              smilest
-    smilets              smilet
-    smiling              smile
-    smilingly            smilingli
-    smirch               smirch
-    smirched             smirch
-    smit                 smit
-    smite                smite
-    smites               smite
-    smith                smith
-    smithfield           smithfield
-    smock                smock
-    smocks               smock
-    smok                 smok
-    smoke                smoke
-    smoked               smoke
-    smokes               smoke
-    smoking              smoke
-    smoky                smoki
-    smooth               smooth
-    smoothed             smooth
-    smoothing            smooth
-    smoothly             smoothli
-    smoothness           smooth
-    smooths              smooth
-    smote                smote
-    smoth                smoth
-    smother              smother
-    smothered            smother
-    smothering           smother
-    smug                 smug
-    smulkin              smulkin
-    smutch               smutch
-    snaffle              snaffl
-    snail                snail
-    snails               snail
-    snake                snake
-    snakes               snake
-    snaky                snaki
-    snap                 snap
-    snapp                snapp
-    snapper              snapper
-    snar                 snar
-    snare                snare
-    snares               snare
-    snarl                snarl
-    snarleth             snarleth
-    snarling             snarl
-    snatch               snatch
-    snatchers            snatcher
-    snatches             snatch
-    snatching            snatch
-    sneak                sneak
-    sneaking             sneak
-    sneap                sneap
-    sneaping             sneap
-    sneck                sneck
-    snip                 snip
-    snipe                snipe
-    snipt                snipt
-    snore                snore
-    snores               snore
-    snoring              snore
-    snorting             snort
-    snout                snout
-    snow                 snow
-    snowballs            snowbal
-    snowed               snow
-    snowy                snowi
-    snuff                snuff
-    snuffs               snuff
-    snug                 snug
-    so                   so
-    soak                 soak
-    soaking              soak
-    soaks                soak
-    soar                 soar
-    soaring              soar
-    soars                soar
-    sob                  sob
-    sobbing              sob
-    sober                sober
-    soberly              soberli
-    sobriety             sobrieti
-    sobs                 sob
-    sociable             sociabl
-    societies            societi
-    society              societi
-    socks                sock
-    socrates             socrat
-    sod                  sod
-    sodden               sodden
-    soe                  soe
-    soever               soever
-    soft                 soft
-    soften               soften
-    softens              soften
-    softer               softer
-    softest              softest
-    softly               softli
-    softness             soft
-    soil                 soil
-    soiled               soil
-    soilure              soilur
-    soit                 soit
-    sojourn              sojourn
-    sol                  sol
-    sola                 sola
-    solace               solac
-    solanio              solanio
-    sold                 sold
-    soldat               soldat
-    solder               solder
-    soldest              soldest
-    soldier              soldier
-    soldiers             soldier
-    soldiership          soldiership
-    sole                 sole
-    solely               sole
-    solem                solem
-    solemn               solemn
-    solemness            solem
-    solemnities          solemn
-    solemnity            solemn
-    solemniz             solemniz
-    solemnize            solemn
-    solemnized           solemn
-    solemnly             solemnli
-    soles                sole
-    solicit              solicit
-    solicitation         solicit
-    solicited            solicit
-    soliciting           solicit
-    solicitings          solicit
-    solicitor            solicitor
-    solicits             solicit
-    solid                solid
-    solidares            solidar
-    solidity             solid
-    solinus              solinu
-    solitary             solitari
-    solomon              solomon
-    solon                solon
-    solum                solum
-    solus                solu
-    solyman              solyman
-    some                 some
-    somebody             somebodi
-    someone              someon
-    somerset             somerset
-    somerville           somervil
-    something            someth
-    sometime             sometim
-    sometimes            sometim
-    somever              somev
-    somewhat             somewhat
-    somewhere            somewher
-    somewhither          somewhith
-    somme                somm
-    son                  son
-    sonance              sonanc
-    song                 song
-    songs                song
-    sonnet               sonnet
-    sonneting            sonnet
-    sonnets              sonnet
-    sons                 son
-    sont                 sont
-    sonties              sonti
-    soon                 soon
-    sooner               sooner
-    soonest              soonest
-    sooth                sooth
-    soothe               sooth
-    soothers             soother
-    soothing             sooth
-    soothsay             soothsai
-    soothsayer           soothsay
-    sooty                sooti
-    sop                  sop
-    sophister            sophist
-    sophisticated        sophist
-    sophy                sophi
-    sops                 sop
-    sorcerer             sorcer
-    sorcerers            sorcer
-    sorceress            sorceress
-    sorceries            sorceri
-    sorcery              sorceri
-    sore                 sore
-    sorel                sorel
-    sorely               sore
-    sorer                sorer
-    sores                sore
-    sorrier              sorrier
-    sorriest             sorriest
-    sorrow               sorrow
-    sorrowed             sorrow
-    sorrowest            sorrowest
-    sorrowful            sorrow
-    sorrowing            sorrow
-    sorrows              sorrow
-    sorry                sorri
-    sort                 sort
-    sortance             sortanc
-    sorted               sort
-    sorting              sort
-    sorts                sort
-    sossius              sossiu
-    sot                  sot
-    soto                 soto
-    sots                 sot
-    sottish              sottish
-    soud                 soud
-    sought               sought
-    soul                 soul
-    sould                sould
-    soulless             soulless
-    souls                soul
-    sound                sound
-    sounded              sound
-    sounder              sounder
-    soundest             soundest
-    sounding             sound
-    soundless            soundless
-    soundly              soundli
-    soundness            sound
-    soundpost            soundpost
-    sounds               sound
-    sour                 sour
-    source               sourc
-    sources              sourc
-    sourest              sourest
-    sourly               sourli
-    sours                sour
-    sous                 sou
-    souse                sous
-    south                south
-    southam              southam
-    southampton          southampton
-    southerly            southerli
-    southern             southern
-    southward            southward
-    southwark            southwark
-    southwell            southwel
-    souviendrai          souviendrai
-    sov                  sov
-    sovereign            sovereign
-    sovereignest         sovereignest
-    sovereignly          sovereignli
-    sovereignty          sovereignti
-    sovereignvours       sovereignvour
-    sow                  sow
-    sowing               sow
-    sowl                 sowl
-    sowter               sowter
-    space                space
-    spaces               space
-    spacious             spaciou
-    spade                spade
-    spades               spade
-    spain                spain
-    spak                 spak
-    spake                spake
-    spakest              spakest
-    span                 span
-    spangle              spangl
-    spangled             spangl
-    spaniard             spaniard
-    spaniel              spaniel
-    spaniels             spaniel
-    spanish              spanish
-    spann                spann
-    spans                span
-    spar                 spar
-    spare                spare
-    spares               spare
-    sparing              spare
-    sparingly            sparingli
-    spark                spark
-    sparkle              sparkl
-    sparkles             sparkl
-    sparkling            sparkl
-    sparks               spark
-    sparrow              sparrow
-    sparrows             sparrow
-    sparta               sparta
-    spartan              spartan
-    spavin               spavin
-    spavins              spavin
-    spawn                spawn
-    speak                speak
-    speaker              speaker
-    speakers             speaker
-    speakest             speakest
-    speaketh             speaketh
-    speaking             speak
-    speaks               speak
-    spear                spear
-    speargrass           speargrass
-    spears               spear
-    special              special
-    specialities         special
-    specially            special
-    specialties          specialti
-    specialty            specialti
-    specify              specifi
-    speciously           specious
-    spectacle            spectacl
-    spectacled           spectacl
-    spectacles           spectacl
-    spectators           spectat
-    spectatorship        spectatorship
-    speculation          specul
-    speculations         specul
-    speculative          specul
-    sped                 sped
-    speech               speech
-    speeches             speech
-    speechless           speechless
-    speed                speed
-    speeded              speed
-    speedier             speedier
-    speediest            speediest
-    speedily             speedili
-    speediness           speedi
-    speeding             speed
-    speeds               speed
-    speedy               speedi
-    speens               speen
-    spell                spell
-    spelling             spell
-    spells               spell
-    spelt                spelt
-    spencer              spencer
-    spend                spend
-    spendest             spendest
-    spending             spend
-    spends               spend
-    spendthrift          spendthrift
-    spent                spent
-    sperato              sperato
-    sperm                sperm
-    spero                spero
-    sperr                sperr
-    spher                spher
-    sphere               sphere
-    sphered              sphere
-    spheres              sphere
-    spherical            spheric
-    sphery               spheri
-    sphinx               sphinx
-    spice                spice
-    spiced               spice
-    spicery              spiceri
-    spices               spice
-    spider               spider
-    spiders              spider
-    spied                spi
-    spies                spi
-    spieth               spieth
-    spightfully          spightfulli
-    spigot               spigot
-    spill                spill
-    spilling             spill
-    spills               spill
-    spilt                spilt
-    spilth               spilth
-    spin                 spin
-    spinii               spinii
-    spinners             spinner
-    spinster             spinster
-    spinsters            spinster
-    spire                spire
-    spirit               spirit
-    spirited             spirit
-    spiritless           spiritless
-    spirits              spirit
-    spiritual            spiritu
-    spiritualty          spiritualti
-    spirt                spirt
-    spit                 spit
-    spital               spital
-    spite                spite
-    spited               spite
-    spiteful             spite
-    spites               spite
-    spits                spit
-    spitted              spit
-    spitting             spit
-    splay                splai
-    spleen               spleen
-    spleenful            spleen
-    spleens              spleen
-    spleeny              spleeni
-    splendour            splendour
-    splenitive           splenit
-    splinter             splinter
-    splinters            splinter
-    split                split
-    splits               split
-    splitted             split
-    splitting            split
-    spoil                spoil
-    spoils               spoil
-    spok                 spok
-    spoke                spoke
-    spoken               spoken
-    spokes               spoke
-    spokesman            spokesman
-    sponge               spong
-    spongy               spongi
-    spoon                spoon
-    spoons               spoon
-    sport                sport
-    sportful             sport
-    sporting             sport
-    sportive             sportiv
-    sports               sport
-    spot                 spot
-    spotless             spotless
-    spots                spot
-    spotted              spot
-    spousal              spousal
-    spouse               spous
-    spout                spout
-    spouting             spout
-    spouts               spout
-    sprag                sprag
-    sprang               sprang
-    sprat                sprat
-    sprawl               sprawl
-    spray                sprai
-    sprays               sprai
-    spread               spread
-    spreading            spread
-    spreads              spread
-    sprighted            spright
-    sprightful           spright
-    sprightly            sprightli
-    sprigs               sprig
-    spring               spring
-    springe              spring
-    springes             spring
-    springeth            springeth
-    springhalt           springhalt
-    springing            spring
-    springs              spring
-    springtime           springtim
-    sprinkle             sprinkl
-    sprinkles            sprinkl
-    sprite               sprite
-    sprited              sprite
-    spritely             sprite
-    sprites              sprite
-    spriting             sprite
-    sprout               sprout
-    spruce               spruce
-    sprung               sprung
-    spun                 spun
-    spur                 spur
-    spurio               spurio
-    spurn                spurn
-    spurns               spurn
-    spurr                spurr
-    spurrer              spurrer
-    spurring             spur
-    spurs                spur
-    spy                  spy
-    spying               spy
-    squabble             squabbl
-    squadron             squadron
-    squadrons            squadron
-    squand               squand
-    squar                squar
-    square               squar
-    squarer              squarer
-    squares              squar
-    squash               squash
-    squeak               squeak
-    squeaking            squeak
-    squeal               squeal
-    squealing            squeal
-    squeezes             squeez
-    squeezing            squeez
-    squele               squel
-    squier               squier
-    squints              squint
-    squiny               squini
-    squire               squir
-    squires              squir
-    squirrel             squirrel
-    st                   st
-    stab                 stab
-    stabb                stabb
-    stabbed              stab
-    stabbing             stab
-    stable               stabl
-    stableness           stabl
-    stables              stabl
-    stablish             stablish
-    stablishment         stablish
-    stabs                stab
-    stacks               stack
-    staff                staff
-    stafford             stafford
-    staffords            stafford
-    staffordshire        staffordshir
-    stag                 stag
-    stage                stage
-    stages               stage
-    stagger              stagger
-    staggering           stagger
-    staggers             stagger
-    stags                stag
-    staid                staid
-    staider              staider
-    stain                stain
-    stained              stain
-    staines              stain
-    staineth             staineth
-    staining             stain
-    stainless            stainless
-    stains               stain
-    stair                stair
-    stairs               stair
-    stake                stake
-    stakes               stake
-    stale                stale
-    staled               stale
-    stalk                stalk
-    stalking             stalk
-    stalks               stalk
-    stall                stall
-    stalling             stall
-    stalls               stall
-    stamford             stamford
-    stammer              stammer
-    stamp                stamp
-    stamped              stamp
-    stamps               stamp
-    stanch               stanch
-    stanchless           stanchless
-    stand                stand
-    standard             standard
-    standards            standard
-    stander              stander
-    standers             stander
-    standest             standest
-    standeth             standeth
-    standing             stand
-    stands               stand
-    staniel              staniel
-    stanley              stanlei
-    stanze               stanz
-    stanzo               stanzo
-    stanzos              stanzo
-    staple               stapl
-    staples              stapl
-    star                 star
-    stare                stare
-    stared               stare
-    stares               stare
-    staring              stare
-    starings             stare
-    stark                stark
-    starkly              starkli
-    starlight            starlight
-    starling             starl
-    starr                starr
-    starry               starri
-    stars                star
-    start                start
-    started              start
-    starting             start
-    startingly           startingli
-    startle              startl
-    startles             startl
-    starts               start
-    starv                starv
-    starve               starv
-    starved              starv
-    starvelackey         starvelackei
-    starveling           starvel
-    starveth             starveth
-    starving             starv
-    state                state
-    statelier            stateli
-    stately              state
-    states               state
-    statesman            statesman
-    statesmen            statesmen
-    statilius            statiliu
-    station              station
-    statist              statist
-    statists             statist
-    statue               statu
-    statues              statu
-    stature              statur
-    statures             statur
-    statute              statut
-    statutes             statut
-    stave                stave
-    staves               stave
-    stay                 stai
-    stayed               stai
-    stayest              stayest
-    staying              stai
-    stays                stai
-    stead                stead
-    steaded              stead
-    steadfast            steadfast
-    steadier             steadier
-    steads               stead
-    steal                steal
-    stealer              stealer
-    stealers             stealer
-    stealing             steal
-    steals               steal
-    stealth              stealth
-    stealthy             stealthi
-    steed                steed
-    steeds               steed
-    steel                steel
-    steeled              steel
-    steely               steeli
-    steep                steep
-    steeped              steep
-    steeple              steepl
-    steeples             steepl
-    steeps               steep
-    steepy               steepi
-    steer                steer
-    steerage             steerag
-    steering             steer
-    steers               steer
-    stelled              stell
-    stem                 stem
-    stemming             stem
-    stench               stench
-    step                 step
-    stepdame             stepdam
-    stephano             stephano
-    stephen              stephen
-    stepmothers          stepmoth
-    stepp                stepp
-    stepping             step
-    steps                step
-    sterile              steril
-    sterility            steril
-    sterling             sterl
-    stern                stern
-    sternage             sternag
-    sterner              sterner
-    sternest             sternest
-    sternness            stern
-    steterat             steterat
-    stew                 stew
-    steward              steward
-    stewards             steward
-    stewardship          stewardship
-    stewed               stew
-    stews                stew
-    stick                stick
-    sticking             stick
-    stickler             stickler
-    sticks               stick
-    stiff                stiff
-    stiffen              stiffen
-    stiffly              stiffli
-    stifle               stifl
-    stifled              stifl
-    stifles              stifl
-    stigmatic            stigmat
-    stigmatical          stigmat
-    stile                stile
-    still                still
-    stiller              stiller
-    stillest             stillest
-    stillness            still
-    stilly               stilli
-    sting                sting
-    stinging             sting
-    stingless            stingless
-    stings               sting
-    stink                stink
-    stinking             stink
-    stinkingly           stinkingli
-    stinks               stink
-    stint                stint
-    stinted              stint
-    stints               stint
-    stir                 stir
-    stirr                stirr
-    stirred              stir
-    stirrer              stirrer
-    stirrers             stirrer
-    stirreth             stirreth
-    stirring             stir
-    stirrup              stirrup
-    stirrups             stirrup
-    stirs                stir
-    stitchery            stitcheri
-    stitches             stitch
-    stithied             stithi
-    stithy               stithi
-    stoccadoes           stoccado
-    stoccata             stoccata
-    stock                stock
-    stockfish            stockfish
-    stocking             stock
-    stockings            stock
-    stockish             stockish
-    stocks               stock
-    stog                 stog
-    stogs                stog
-    stoics               stoic
-    stokesly             stokesli
-    stol                 stol
-    stole                stole
-    stolen               stolen
-    stolest              stolest
-    stomach              stomach
-    stomachers           stomach
-    stomaching           stomach
-    stomachs             stomach
-    ston                 ston
-    stone                stone
-    stonecutter          stonecutt
-    stones               stone
-    stonish              stonish
-    stony                stoni
-    stood                stood
-    stool                stool
-    stools               stool
-    stoop                stoop
-    stooping             stoop
-    stoops               stoop
-    stop                 stop
-    stope                stope
-    stopp                stopp
-    stopped              stop
-    stopping             stop
-    stops                stop
-    stor                 stor
-    store                store
-    storehouse           storehous
-    storehouses          storehous
-    stores               store
-    stories              stori
-    storm                storm
-    stormed              storm
-    storming             storm
-    storms               storm
-    stormy               stormi
-    story                stori
-    stoup                stoup
-    stoups               stoup
-    stout                stout
-    stouter              stouter
-    stoutly              stoutli
-    stoutness            stout
-    stover               stover
-    stow                 stow
-    stowage              stowag
-    stowed               stow
-    strachy              strachi
-    stragglers           straggler
-    straggling           straggl
-    straight             straight
-    straightest          straightest
-    straightway          straightwai
-    strain               strain
-    strained             strain
-    straining            strain
-    strains              strain
-    strait               strait
-    straited             strait
-    straiter             straiter
-    straitly             straitli
-    straitness           strait
-    straits              strait
-    strand               strand
-    strange              strang
-    strangely            strang
-    strangeness          strang
-    stranger             stranger
-    strangers            stranger
-    strangest            strangest
-    strangle             strangl
-    strangled            strangl
-    strangler            strangler
-    strangles            strangl
-    strangling           strangl
-    strappado            strappado
-    straps               strap
-    stratagem            stratagem
-    stratagems           stratagem
-    stratford            stratford
-    strato               strato
-    straw                straw
-    strawberries         strawberri
-    strawberry           strawberri
-    straws               straw
-    strawy               strawi
-    stray                strai
-    straying             strai
-    strays               strai
-    streak               streak
-    streaks              streak
-    stream               stream
-    streamers            streamer
-    streaming            stream
-    streams              stream
-    streching            strech
-    street               street
-    streets              street
-    strength             strength
-    strengthen           strengthen
-    strengthened         strengthen
-    strengthless         strengthless
-    strengths            strength
-    stretch              stretch
-    stretched            stretch
-    stretches            stretch
-    stretching           stretch
-    strew                strew
-    strewing             strew
-    strewings            strew
-    strewments           strewment
-    stricken             stricken
-    strict               strict
-    stricter             stricter
-    strictest            strictest
-    strictly             strictli
-    stricture            strictur
-    stride               stride
-    strides              stride
-    striding             stride
-    strife               strife
-    strifes              strife
-    strik                strik
-    strike               strike
-    strikers             striker
-    strikes              strike
-    strikest             strikest
-    striking             strike
-    string               string
-    stringless           stringless
-    strings              string
-    strip                strip
-    stripes              stripe
-    stripling            stripl
-    striplings           stripl
-    stripp               stripp
-    stripping            strip
-    striv                striv
-    strive               strive
-    strives              strive
-    striving             strive
-    strok                strok
-    stroke               stroke
-    strokes              stroke
-    strond               strond
-    stronds              strond
-    strong               strong
-    stronger             stronger
-    strongest            strongest
-    strongly             strongli
-    strooke              strook
-    strossers            strosser
-    strove               strove
-    strown               strown
-    stroy                stroi
-    struck               struck
-    strucken             strucken
-    struggle             struggl
-    struggles            struggl
-    struggling           struggl
-    strumpet             strumpet
-    strumpeted           strumpet
-    strumpets            strumpet
-    strung               strung
-    strut                strut
-    struts               strut
-    strutted             strut
-    strutting            strut
-    stubble              stubbl
-    stubborn             stubborn
-    stubbornest          stubbornest
-    stubbornly           stubbornli
-    stubbornness         stubborn
-    stuck                stuck
-    studded              stud
-    student              student
-    students             student
-    studied              studi
-    studies              studi
-    studious             studiou
-    studiously           studious
-    studs                stud
-    study                studi
-    studying             studi
-    stuff                stuff
-    stuffing             stuf
-    stuffs               stuff
-    stumble              stumbl
-    stumbled             stumbl
-    stumblest            stumblest
-    stumbling            stumbl
-    stump                stump
-    stumps               stump
-    stung                stung
-    stupefy              stupefi
-    stupid               stupid
-    stupified            stupifi
-    stuprum              stuprum
-    sturdy               sturdi
-    sty                  sty
-    styga                styga
-    stygian              stygian
-    styl                 styl
-    style                style
-    styx                 styx
-    su                   su
-    sub                  sub
-    subcontracted        subcontract
-    subdu                subdu
-    subdue               subdu
-    subdued              subdu
-    subduements          subduement
-    subdues              subdu
-    subduing             subdu
-    subject              subject
-    subjected            subject
-    subjection           subject
-    subjects             subject
-    submerg              submerg
-    submission           submiss
-    submissive           submiss
-    submit               submit
-    submits              submit
-    submitting           submit
-    suborn               suborn
-    subornation          suborn
-    suborned             suborn
-    subscrib             subscrib
-    subscribe            subscrib
-    subscribed           subscrib
-    subscribes           subscrib
-    subscription         subscript
-    subsequent           subsequ
-    subsidies            subsidi
-    subsidy              subsidi
-    subsist              subsist
-    subsisting           subsist
-    substance            substanc
-    substances           substanc
-    substantial          substanti
-    substitute           substitut
-    substituted          substitut
-    substitutes          substitut
-    substitution         substitut
-    subtile              subtil
-    subtilly             subtilli
-    subtle               subtl
-    subtleties           subtleti
-    subtlety             subtleti
-    subtly               subtli
-    subtractors          subtractor
-    suburbs              suburb
-    subversion           subvers
-    subverts             subvert
-    succedant            succed
-    succeed              succe
-    succeeded            succeed
-    succeeders           succeed
-    succeeding           succeed
-    succeeds             succe
-    success              success
-    successantly         successantli
-    successes            success
-    successful           success
-    successfully         successfulli
-    succession           success
-    successive           success
-    successively         success
-    successor            successor
-    successors           successor
-    succour              succour
-    succours             succour
-    such                 such
-    suck                 suck
-    sucker               sucker
-    suckers              sucker
-    sucking              suck
-    suckle               suckl
-    sucks                suck
-    sudden               sudden
-    suddenly             suddenli
-    sue                  sue
-    sued                 su
-    suerly               suerli
-    sues                 sue
-    sueth                sueth
-    suff                 suff
-    suffer               suffer
-    sufferance           suffer
-    sufferances          suffer
-    suffered             suffer
-    suffering            suffer
-    suffers              suffer
-    suffic               suffic
-    suffice              suffic
-    sufficed             suffic
-    suffices             suffic
-    sufficeth            sufficeth
-    sufficiency          suffici
-    sufficient           suffici
-    sufficiently         suffici
-    sufficing            suffic
-    sufficit             sufficit
-    suffigance           suffig
-    suffocate            suffoc
-    suffocating          suffoc
-    suffocation          suffoc
-    suffolk              suffolk
-    suffrage             suffrag
-    suffrages            suffrag
-    sug                  sug
-    sugar                sugar
-    sugarsop             sugarsop
-    suggest              suggest
-    suggested            suggest
-    suggesting           suggest
-    suggestion           suggest
-    suggestions          suggest
-    suggests             suggest
-    suis                 sui
-    suit                 suit
-    suitable             suitabl
-    suited               suit
-    suiting              suit
-    suitor               suitor
-    suitors              suitor
-    suits                suit
-    suivez               suivez
-    sullen               sullen
-    sullens              sullen
-    sullied              sulli
-    sullies              sulli
-    sully                sulli
-    sulph                sulph
-    sulpherous           sulpher
-    sulphur              sulphur
-    sulphurous           sulphur
-    sultan               sultan
-    sultry               sultri
-    sum                  sum
-    sumless              sumless
-    summ                 summ
-    summa                summa
-    summary              summari
-    summer               summer
-    summers              summer
-    summit               summit
-    summon               summon
-    summoners            summon
-    summons              summon
-    sumpter              sumpter
-    sumptuous            sumptuou
-    sumptuously          sumptuous
-    sums                 sum
-    sun                  sun
-    sunbeams             sunbeam
-    sunburning           sunburn
-    sunburnt             sunburnt
-    sund                 sund
-    sunday               sundai
-    sundays              sundai
-    sunder               sunder
-    sunders              sunder
-    sundry               sundri
-    sung                 sung
-    sunk                 sunk
-    sunken               sunken
-    sunny                sunni
-    sunrising            sunris
-    suns                 sun
-    sunset               sunset
-    sunshine             sunshin
-    sup                  sup
-    super                super
-    superficial          superfici
-    superficially        superfici
-    superfluity          superflu
-    superfluous          superflu
-    superfluously        superflu
-    superflux            superflux
-    superior             superior
-    supernal             supern
-    supernatural         supernatur
-    superpraise          superprais
-    superscript          superscript
-    superscription       superscript
-    superserviceable     superservic
-    superstition         superstit
-    superstitious        superstiti
-    superstitiously      superstiti
-    supersubtle          supersubtl
-    supervise            supervis
-    supervisor           supervisor
-    supp                 supp
-    supper               supper
-    suppers              supper
-    suppertime           suppertim
-    supping              sup
-    supplant             supplant
-    supple               suppl
-    suppler              suppler
-    suppliance           supplianc
-    suppliant            suppliant
-    suppliants           suppliant
-    supplicant           supplic
-    supplication         supplic
-    supplications        supplic
-    supplie              suppli
-    supplied             suppli
-    supplies             suppli
-    suppliest            suppliest
-    supply               suppli
-    supplyant            supplyant
-    supplying            suppli
-    supplyment           supplyment
-    support              support
-    supportable          support
-    supportance          support
-    supported            support
-    supporter            support
-    supporters           support
-    supporting           support
-    supportor            supportor
-    suppos               suppo
-    supposal             suppos
-    suppose              suppos
-    supposed             suppos
-    supposes             suppos
-    supposest            supposest
-    supposing            suppos
-    supposition          supposit
-    suppress             suppress
-    suppressed           suppress
-    suppresseth          suppresseth
-    supremacy            supremaci
-    supreme              suprem
-    sups                 sup
-    sur                  sur
-    surance              suranc
-    surcease             surceas
-    surd                 surd
-    sure                 sure
-    surecard             surecard
-    surely               sure
-    surer                surer
-    surest               surest
-    sureties             sureti
-    surety               sureti
-    surfeit              surfeit
-    surfeited            surfeit
-    surfeiter            surfeit
-    surfeiting           surfeit
-    surfeits             surfeit
-    surge                surg
-    surgeon              surgeon
-    surgeons             surgeon
-    surgere              surger
-    surgery              surgeri
-    surges               surg
-    surly                surli
-    surmis               surmi
-    surmise              surmis
-    surmised             surmis
-    surmises             surmis
-    surmount             surmount
-    surmounted           surmount
-    surmounts            surmount
-    surnam               surnam
-    surname              surnam
-    surnamed             surnam
-    surpasseth           surpasseth
-    surpassing           surpass
-    surplice             surplic
-    surplus              surplu
-    surpris              surpri
-    surprise             surpris
-    surprised            surpris
-    surrender            surrend
-    surrey               surrei
-    surreys              surrei
-    survey               survei
-    surveyest            surveyest
-    surveying            survei
-    surveyor             surveyor
-    surveyors            surveyor
-    surveys              survei
-    survive              surviv
-    survives             surviv
-    survivor             survivor
-    susan                susan
-    suspect              suspect
-    suspected            suspect
-    suspecting           suspect
-    suspects             suspect
-    suspend              suspend
-    suspense             suspens
-    suspicion            suspicion
-    suspicions           suspicion
-    suspicious           suspici
-    suspiration          suspir
-    suspire              suspir
-    sust                 sust
-    sustain              sustain
-    sustaining           sustain
-    sutler               sutler
-    sutton               sutton
-    suum                 suum
-    swabber              swabber
-    swaddling            swaddl
-    swag                 swag
-    swagg                swagg
-    swagger              swagger
-    swaggerer            swagger
-    swaggerers           swagger
-    swaggering           swagger
-    swain                swain
-    swains               swain
-    swallow              swallow
-    swallowed            swallow
-    swallowing           swallow
-    swallows             swallow
-    swam                 swam
-    swan                 swan
-    swans                swan
-    sward                sward
-    sware                sware
-    swarm                swarm
-    swarming             swarm
-    swart                swart
-    swarth               swarth
-    swarths              swarth
-    swarthy              swarthi
-    swashers             swasher
-    swashing             swash
-    swath                swath
-    swathing             swath
-    swathling            swathl
-    sway                 swai
-    swaying              swai
-    sways                swai
-    swear                swear
-    swearer              swearer
-    swearers             swearer
-    swearest             swearest
-    swearing             swear
-    swearings            swear
-    swears               swear
-    sweat                sweat
-    sweaten              sweaten
-    sweating             sweat
-    sweats               sweat
-    sweaty               sweati
-    sweep                sweep
-    sweepers             sweeper
-    sweeps               sweep
-    sweet                sweet
-    sweeten              sweeten
-    sweetens             sweeten
-    sweeter              sweeter
-    sweetest             sweetest
-    sweetheart           sweetheart
-    sweeting             sweet
-    sweetly              sweetli
-    sweetmeats           sweetmeat
-    sweetness            sweet
-    sweets               sweet
-    swell                swell
-    swelling             swell
-    swellings            swell
-    swells               swell
-    swelter              swelter
-    sweno                sweno
-    swept                swept
-    swerve               swerv
-    swerver              swerver
-    swerving             swerv
-    swift                swift
-    swifter              swifter
-    swiftest             swiftest
-    swiftly              swiftli
-    swiftness            swift
-    swill                swill
-    swills               swill
-    swim                 swim
-    swimmer              swimmer
-    swimmers             swimmer
-    swimming             swim
-    swims                swim
-    swine                swine
-    swineherds           swineherd
-    swing                swing
-    swinge               swing
-    swinish              swinish
-    swinstead            swinstead
-    switches             switch
-    swits                swit
-    switzers             switzer
-    swol                 swol
-    swoll                swoll
-    swoln                swoln
-    swoon                swoon
-    swooned              swoon
-    swooning             swoon
-    swoons               swoon
-    swoop                swoop
-    swoopstake           swoopstak
-    swor                 swor
-    sword                sword
-    sworder              sworder
-    swords               sword
-    swore                swore
-    sworn                sworn
-    swounded             swound
-    swounds              swound
-    swum                 swum
-    swung                swung
-    sy                   sy
-    sycamore             sycamor
-    sycorax              sycorax
-    sylla                sylla
-    syllable             syllabl
-    syllables            syllabl
-    syllogism            syllog
-    symbols              symbol
-    sympathise           sympathis
-    sympathiz            sympathiz
-    sympathize           sympath
-    sympathized          sympath
-    sympathy             sympathi
-    synagogue            synagogu
-    synod                synod
-    synods               synod
-    syracuse             syracus
-    syracusian           syracusian
-    syracusians          syracusian
-    syria                syria
-    syrups               syrup
-    t                    t
-    ta                   ta
-    taber                taber
-    table                tabl
-    tabled               tabl
-    tables               tabl
-    tablet               tablet
-    tabor                tabor
-    taborer              tabor
-    tabors               tabor
-    tabourines           tabourin
-    taciturnity          taciturn
-    tack                 tack
-    tackle               tackl
-    tackled              tackl
-    tackles              tackl
-    tackling             tackl
-    tacklings            tackl
-    taddle               taddl
-    tadpole              tadpol
-    taffeta              taffeta
-    taffety              taffeti
-    tag                  tag
-    tagrag               tagrag
-    tah                  tah
-    tail                 tail
-    tailor               tailor
-    tailors              tailor
-    tails                tail
-    taint                taint
-    tainted              taint
-    tainting             taint
-    taints               taint
-    tainture             taintur
-    tak                  tak
-    take                 take
-    taken                taken
-    taker                taker
-    takes                take
-    takest               takest
-    taketh               taketh
-    taking               take
-    tal                  tal
-    talbot               talbot
-    talbotites           talbotit
-    talbots              talbot
-    tale                 tale
-    talent               talent
-    talents              talent
-    taleporter           taleport
-    tales                tale
-    talk                 talk
-    talked               talk
-    talker               talker
-    talkers              talker
-    talkest              talkest
-    talking              talk
-    talks                talk
-    tall                 tall
-    taller               taller
-    tallest              tallest
-    tallies              talli
-    tallow               tallow
-    tally                talli
-    talons               talon
-    tam                  tam
-    tambourines          tambourin
-    tame                 tame
-    tamed                tame
-    tamely               tame
-    tameness             tame
-    tamer                tamer
-    tames                tame
-    taming               tame
-    tamora               tamora
-    tamworth             tamworth
-    tan                  tan
-    tang                 tang
-    tangle               tangl
-    tangled              tangl
-    tank                 tank
-    tanlings             tanl
-    tann                 tann
-    tanned               tan
-    tanner               tanner
-    tanquam              tanquam
-    tanta                tanta
-    tantaene             tantaen
-    tap                  tap
-    tape                 tape
-    taper                taper
-    tapers               taper
-    tapestries           tapestri
-    tapestry             tapestri
-    taphouse             taphous
-    tapp                 tapp
-    tapster              tapster
-    tapsters             tapster
-    tar                  tar
-    tardied              tardi
-    tardily              tardili
-    tardiness            tardi
-    tardy                tardi
-    tarentum             tarentum
-    targe                targ
-    targes               targ
-    target               target
-    targets              target
-    tarpeian             tarpeian
-    tarquin              tarquin
-    tarquins             tarquin
-    tarr                 tarr
-    tarre                tarr
-    tarriance            tarrianc
-    tarried              tarri
-    tarries              tarri
-    tarry                tarri
-    tarrying             tarri
-    tart                 tart
-    tartar               tartar
-    tartars              tartar
-    tartly               tartli
-    tartness             tart
-    task                 task
-    tasker               tasker
-    tasking              task
-    tasks                task
-    tassel               tassel
-    taste                tast
-    tasted               tast
-    tastes               tast
-    tasting              tast
-    tatt                 tatt
-    tatter               tatter
-    tattered             tatter
-    tatters              tatter
-    tattle               tattl
-    tattling             tattl
-    tattlings            tattl
-    taught               taught
-    taunt                taunt
-    taunted              taunt
-    taunting             taunt
-    tauntingly           tauntingli
-    taunts               taunt
-    taurus               tauru
-    tavern               tavern
-    taverns              tavern
-    tavy                 tavi
-    tawdry               tawdri
-    tawny                tawni
-    tax                  tax
-    taxation             taxat
-    taxations            taxat
-    taxes                tax
-    taxing               tax
-    tc                   tc
-    te                   te
-    teach                teach
-    teacher              teacher
-    teachers             teacher
-    teaches              teach
-    teachest             teachest
-    teacheth             teacheth
-    teaching             teach
-    team                 team
-    tear                 tear
-    tearful              tear
-    tearing              tear
-    tears                tear
-    tearsheet            tearsheet
-    teat                 teat
-    tedious              tediou
-    tediously            tedious
-    tediousness          tedious
-    teem                 teem
-    teeming              teem
-    teems                teem
-    teen                 teen
-    teeth                teeth
-    teipsum              teipsum
-    telamon              telamon
-    telamonius           telamoniu
-    tell                 tell
-    teller               teller
-    telling              tell
-    tells                tell
-    tellus               tellu
-    temp                 temp
-    temper               temper
-    temperality          temper
-    temperance           temper
-    temperate            temper
-    temperately          temper
-    tempers              temper
-    tempest              tempest
-    tempests             tempest
-    tempestuous          tempestu
-    temple               templ
-    temples              templ
-    temporal             tempor
-    temporary            temporari
-    temporiz             temporiz
-    temporize            tempor
-    temporizer           tempor
-    temps                temp
-    tempt                tempt
-    temptation           temptat
-    temptations          temptat
-    tempted              tempt
-    tempter              tempter
-    tempters             tempter
-    tempteth             tempteth
-    tempting             tempt
-    tempts               tempt
-    ten                  ten
-    tenable              tenabl
-    tenant               tenant
-    tenantius            tenantiu
-    tenantless           tenantless
-    tenants              tenant
-    tench                tench
-    tend                 tend
-    tendance             tendanc
-    tended               tend
-    tender               tender
-    tendered             tender
-    tenderly             tenderli
-    tenderness           tender
-    tenders              tender
-    tending              tend
-    tends                tend
-    tenedos              tenedo
-    tenement             tenement
-    tenements            tenement
-    tenfold              tenfold
-    tennis               tenni
-    tenour               tenour
-    tenours              tenour
-    tens                 ten
-    tent                 tent
-    tented               tent
-    tenth                tenth
-    tenths               tenth
-    tents                tent
-    tenure               tenur
-    tenures              tenur
-    tercel               tercel
-    tereus               tereu
-    term                 term
-    termagant            termag
-    termed               term
-    terminations         termin
-    termless             termless
-    terms                term
-    terra                terra
-    terrace              terrac
-    terram               terram
-    terras               terra
-    terre                terr
-    terrene              terren
-    terrestrial          terrestri
-    terrible             terribl
-    terribly             terribl
-    territories          territori
-    territory            territori
-    terror               terror
-    terrors              terror
-    tertian              tertian
-    tertio               tertio
-    test                 test
-    testament            testament
-    tested               test
-    tester               tester
-    testern              testern
-    testify              testifi
-    testimonied          testimoni
-    testimonies          testimoni
-    testimony            testimoni
-    testiness            testi
-    testril              testril
-    testy                testi
-    tetchy               tetchi
-    tether               tether
-    tetter               tetter
-    tevil                tevil
-    tewksbury            tewksburi
-    text                 text
-    tgv                  tgv
-    th                   th
-    thaes                thae
-    thames               thame
-    than                 than
-    thane                thane
-    thanes               thane
-    thank                thank
-    thanked              thank
-    thankful             thank
-    thankfully           thankfulli
-    thankfulness         thank
-    thanking             thank
-    thankings            thank
-    thankless            thankless
-    thanks               thank
-    thanksgiving         thanksgiv
-    thasos               thaso
-    that                 that
-    thatch               thatch
-    thaw                 thaw
-    thawing              thaw
-    thaws                thaw
-    the                  the
-    theatre              theatr
-    theban               theban
-    thebes               thebe
-    thee                 thee
-    theft                theft
-    thefts               theft
-    thein                thein
-    their                their
-    theirs               their
-    theise               theis
-    them                 them
-    theme                theme
-    themes               theme
-    themselves           themselv
-    then                 then
-    thence               thenc
-    thenceforth          thenceforth
-    theoric              theoric
-    there                there
-    thereabout           thereabout
-    thereabouts          thereabout
-    thereafter           thereaft
-    thereat              thereat
-    thereby              therebi
-    therefore            therefor
-    therein              therein
-    thereof              thereof
-    thereon              thereon
-    thereto              thereto
-    thereunto            thereunto
-    thereupon            thereupon
-    therewith            therewith
-    therewithal          therewith
-    thersites            thersit
-    these                these
-    theseus              theseu
-    thessalian           thessalian
-    thessaly             thessali
-    thetis               theti
-    thews                thew
-    they                 thei
-    thick                thick
-    thicken              thicken
-    thickens             thicken
-    thicker              thicker
-    thickest             thickest
-    thicket              thicket
-    thickskin            thickskin
-    thief                thief
-    thievery             thieveri
-    thieves              thiev
-    thievish             thievish
-    thigh                thigh
-    thighs               thigh
-    thimble              thimbl
-    thimbles             thimbl
-    thin                 thin
-    thine                thine
-    thing                thing
-    things               thing
-    think                think
-    thinkest             thinkest
-    thinking             think
-    thinkings            think
-    thinks               think
-    thinkst              thinkst
-    thinly               thinli
-    third                third
-    thirdly              thirdli
-    thirds               third
-    thirst               thirst
-    thirsting            thirst
-    thirsts              thirst
-    thirsty              thirsti
-    thirteen             thirteen
-    thirties             thirti
-    thirtieth            thirtieth
-    thirty               thirti
-    this                 thi
-    thisby               thisbi
-    thisne               thisn
-    thistle              thistl
-    thistles             thistl
-    thither              thither
-    thitherward          thitherward
-    thoas                thoa
-    thomas               thoma
-    thorn                thorn
-    thorns               thorn
-    thorny               thorni
-    thorough             thorough
-    thoroughly           thoroughli
-    those                those
-    thou                 thou
-    though               though
-    thought              thought
-    thoughtful           thought
-    thoughts             thought
-    thousand             thousand
-    thousands            thousand
-    thracian             thracian
-    thraldom             thraldom
-    thrall               thrall
-    thralled             thrall
-    thralls              thrall
-    thrash               thrash
-    thrasonical          thrason
-    thread               thread
-    threadbare           threadbar
-    threaden             threaden
-    threading            thread
-    threat               threat
-    threaten             threaten
-    threatening          threaten
-    threatens            threaten
-    threatest            threatest
-    threats              threat
-    three                three
-    threefold            threefold
-    threepence           threepenc
-    threepile            threepil
-    threes               three
-    threescore           threescor
-    thresher             thresher
-    threshold            threshold
-    threw                threw
-    thrice               thrice
-    thrift               thrift
-    thriftless           thriftless
-    thrifts              thrift
-    thrifty              thrifti
-    thrill               thrill
-    thrilling            thrill
-    thrills              thrill
-    thrive               thrive
-    thrived              thrive
-    thrivers             thriver
-    thrives              thrive
-    thriving             thrive
-    throat               throat
-    throats              throat
-    throbbing            throb
-    throbs               throb
-    throca               throca
-    throe                throe
-    throes               throe
-    thromuldo            thromuldo
-    thron                thron
-    throne               throne
-    throned              throne
-    thrones              throne
-    throng               throng
-    thronging            throng
-    throngs              throng
-    throstle             throstl
-    throttle             throttl
-    through              through
-    throughfare          throughfar
-    throughfares         throughfar
-    throughly            throughli
-    throughout           throughout
-    throw                throw
-    thrower              thrower
-    throwest             throwest
-    throwing             throw
-    thrown               thrown
-    throws               throw
-    thrum                thrum
-    thrumm               thrumm
-    thrush               thrush
-    thrust               thrust
-    thrusteth            thrusteth
-    thrusting            thrust
-    thrusts              thrust
-    thumb                thumb
-    thumbs               thumb
-    thump                thump
-    thund                thund
-    thunder              thunder
-    thunderbolt          thunderbolt
-    thunderbolts         thunderbolt
-    thunderer            thunder
-    thunders             thunder
-    thunderstone         thunderston
-    thunderstroke        thunderstrok
-    thurio               thurio
-    thursday             thursdai
-    thus                 thu
-    thwack               thwack
-    thwart               thwart
-    thwarted             thwart
-    thwarting            thwart
-    thwartings           thwart
-    thy                  thy
-    thyme                thyme
-    thymus               thymu
-    thyreus              thyreu
-    thyself              thyself
-    ti                   ti
-    tib                  tib
-    tiber                tiber
-    tiberio              tiberio
-    tibey                tibei
-    ticed                tice
-    tick                 tick
-    tickl                tickl
-    tickle               tickl
-    tickled              tickl
-    tickles              tickl
-    tickling             tickl
-    ticklish             ticklish
-    tiddle               tiddl
-    tide                 tide
-    tides                tide
-    tidings              tide
-    tidy                 tidi
-    tie                  tie
-    tied                 ti
-    ties                 ti
-    tiff                 tiff
-    tiger                tiger
-    tigers               tiger
-    tight                tight
-    tightly              tightli
-    tike                 tike
-    til                  til
-    tile                 tile
-    till                 till
-    tillage              tillag
-    tilly                tilli
-    tilt                 tilt
-    tilter               tilter
-    tilth                tilth
-    tilting              tilt
-    tilts                tilt
-    tiltyard             tiltyard
-    tim                  tim
-    timandra             timandra
-    timber               timber
-    time                 time
-    timeless             timeless
-    timelier             timeli
-    timely               time
-    times                time
-    timon                timon
-    timor                timor
-    timorous             timor
-    timorously           timor
-    tinct                tinct
-    tincture             tinctur
-    tinctures            tinctur
-    tinder               tinder
-    tingling             tingl
-    tinker               tinker
-    tinkers              tinker
-    tinsel               tinsel
-    tiny                 tini
-    tip                  tip
-    tipp                 tipp
-    tippling             tippl
-    tips                 tip
-    tipsy                tipsi
-    tiptoe               tipto
-    tir                  tir
-    tire                 tire
-    tired                tire
-    tires                tire
-    tirest               tirest
-    tiring               tire
-    tirra                tirra
-    tirrits              tirrit
-    tis                  ti
-    tish                 tish
-    tisick               tisick
-    tissue               tissu
-    titan                titan
-    titania              titania
-    tithe                tith
-    tithed               tith
-    tithing              tith
-    titinius             titiniu
-    title                titl
-    titled               titl
-    titleless            titleless
-    titles               titl
-    tittle               tittl
-    tittles              tittl
-    titular              titular
-    titus                titu
-    tn                   tn
-    to                   to
-    toad                 toad
-    toads                toad
-    toadstool            toadstool
-    toast                toast
-    toasted              toast
-    toasting             toast
-    toasts               toast
-    toaze                toaz
-    toby                 tobi
-    tock                 tock
-    tod                  tod
-    today                todai
-    todpole              todpol
-    tods                 tod
-    toe                  toe
-    toes                 toe
-    tofore               tofor
-    toge                 toge
-    toged                toge
-    together             togeth
-    toil                 toil
-    toiled               toil
-    toiling              toil
-    toils                toil
-    token                token
-    tokens               token
-    told                 told
-    toledo               toledo
-    tolerable            toler
-    toll                 toll
-    tolling              toll
-    tom                  tom
-    tomb                 tomb
-    tombe                tomb
-    tombed               tomb
-    tombless             tombless
-    tomboys              tomboi
-    tombs                tomb
-    tomorrow             tomorrow
-    tomyris              tomyri
-    ton                  ton
-    tongs                tong
-    tongu                tongu
-    tongue               tongu
-    tongued              tongu
-    tongueless           tongueless
-    tongues              tongu
-    tonight              tonight
-    too                  too
-    took                 took
-    tool                 tool
-    tools                tool
-    tooth                tooth
-    toothache            toothach
-    toothpick            toothpick
-    toothpicker          toothpick
-    top                  top
-    topas                topa
-    topful               top
-    topgallant           topgal
-    topless              topless
-    topmast              topmast
-    topp                 topp
-    topping              top
-    topple               toppl
-    topples              toppl
-    tops                 top
-    topsail              topsail
-    topsy                topsi
-    torch                torch
-    torchbearer          torchbear
-    torchbearers         torchbear
-    torcher              torcher
-    torches              torch
-    torchlight           torchlight
-    tore                 tore
-    torment              torment
-    tormenta             tormenta
-    tormente             torment
-    tormented            torment
-    tormenting           torment
-    tormentors           tormentor
-    torments             torment
-    torn                 torn
-    torrent              torrent
-    tortive              tortiv
-    tortoise             tortois
-    tortur               tortur
-    torture              tortur
-    tortured             tortur
-    torturer             tortur
-    torturers            tortur
-    tortures             tortur
-    torturest            torturest
-    torturing            tortur
-    toryne               toryn
-    toss                 toss
-    tossed               toss
-    tosseth              tosseth
-    tossing              toss
-    tot                  tot
-    total                total
-    totally              total
-    tott                 tott
-    tottered             totter
-    totters              totter
-    tou                  tou
-    touch                touch
-    touched              touch
-    touches              touch
-    toucheth             toucheth
-    touching             touch
-    touchstone           touchston
-    tough                tough
-    tougher              tougher
-    toughness            tough
-    touraine             tourain
-    tournaments          tournament
-    tours                tour
-    tous                 tou
-    tout                 tout
-    touze                touz
-    tow                  tow
-    toward               toward
-    towardly             towardli
-    towards              toward
-    tower                tower
-    towering             tower
-    towers               tower
-    town                 town
-    towns                town
-    township             township
-    townsman             townsman
-    townsmen             townsmen
-    towton               towton
-    toy                  toi
-    toys                 toi
-    trace                trace
-    traces               trace
-    track                track
-    tract                tract
-    tractable            tractabl
-    trade                trade
-    traded               trade
-    traders              trader
-    trades               trade
-    tradesman            tradesman
-    tradesmen            tradesmen
-    trading              trade
-    tradition            tradit
-    traditional          tradit
-    traduc               traduc
-    traduced             traduc
-    traducement          traduc
-    traffic              traffic
-    traffickers          traffick
-    traffics             traffic
-    tragedian            tragedian
-    tragedians           tragedian
-    tragedies            tragedi
-    tragedy              tragedi
-    tragic               tragic
-    tragical             tragic
-    trail                trail
-    train                train
-    trained              train
-    training             train
-    trains               train
-    trait                trait
-    traitor              traitor
-    traitorly            traitorli
-    traitorous           traitor
-    traitorously         traitor
-    traitors             traitor
-    traitress            traitress
-    traject              traject
-    trammel              trammel
-    trample              trampl
-    trampled             trampl
-    trampling            trampl
-    tranc                tranc
-    trance               tranc
-    tranio               tranio
-    tranquil             tranquil
-    tranquillity         tranquil
-    transcendence        transcend
-    transcends           transcend
-    transferred          transfer
-    transfigur           transfigur
-    transfix             transfix
-    transform            transform
-    transformation       transform
-    transformations      transform
-    transformed          transform
-    transgress           transgress
-    transgresses         transgress
-    transgressing        transgress
-    transgression        transgress
-    translate            translat
-    translated           translat
-    translates           translat
-    translation          translat
-    transmigrates        transmigr
-    transmutation        transmut
-    transparent          transpar
-    transport            transport
-    transportance        transport
-    transported          transport
-    transporting         transport
-    transports           transport
-    transpose            transpos
-    transshape           transshap
-    trap                 trap
-    trapp                trapp
-    trappings            trap
-    traps                trap
-    trash                trash
-    travail              travail
-    travails             travail
-    travel               travel
-    traveler             travel
-    traveling            travel
-    travell              travel
-    travelled            travel
-    traveller            travel
-    travellers           travel
-    travellest           travellest
-    travelling           travel
-    travels              travel
-    travers              traver
-    traverse             travers
-    tray                 trai
-    treacherous          treacher
-    treacherously        treacher
-    treachers            treacher
-    treachery            treacheri
-    tread                tread
-    treading             tread
-    treads               tread
-    treason              treason
-    treasonable          treason
-    treasonous           treason
-    treasons             treason
-    treasure             treasur
-    treasurer            treasur
-    treasures            treasur
-    treasuries           treasuri
-    treasury             treasuri
-    treat                treat
-    treaties             treati
-    treatise             treatis
-    treats               treat
-    treaty               treati
-    treble               trebl
-    trebled              trebl
-    trebles              trebl
-    trebonius            treboniu
-    tree                 tree
-    trees                tree
-    tremble              trembl
-    trembled             trembl
-    trembles             trembl
-    tremblest            tremblest
-    trembling            trembl
-    tremblingly          tremblingli
-    tremor               tremor
-    trempling            trempl
-    trench               trench
-    trenchant            trenchant
-    trenched             trench
-    trencher             trencher
-    trenchering          trencher
-    trencherman          trencherman
-    trenchers            trencher
-    trenches             trench
-    trenching            trench
-    trent                trent
-    tres                 tre
-    trespass             trespass
-    trespasses           trespass
-    tressel              tressel
-    tresses              tress
-    treys                trei
-    trial                trial
-    trials               trial
-    trib                 trib
-    tribe                tribe
-    tribes               tribe
-    tribulation          tribul
-    tribunal             tribun
-    tribune              tribun
-    tribunes             tribun
-    tributaries          tributari
-    tributary            tributari
-    tribute              tribut
-    tributes             tribut
-    trice                trice
-    trick                trick
-    tricking             trick
-    trickling            trickl
-    tricks               trick
-    tricksy              tricksi
-    trident              trident
-    tried                tri
-    trier                trier
-    trifle               trifl
-    trifled              trifl
-    trifler              trifler
-    trifles              trifl
-    trifling             trifl
-    trigon               trigon
-    trill                trill
-    trim                 trim
-    trimly               trimli
-    trimm                trimm
-    trimmed              trim
-    trimming             trim
-    trims                trim
-    trinculo             trinculo
-    trinculos            trinculo
-    trinkets             trinket
-    trip                 trip
-    tripartite           tripartit
-    tripe                tripe
-    triple               tripl
-    triplex              triplex
-    tripoli              tripoli
-    tripolis             tripoli
-    tripp                tripp
-    tripping             trip
-    trippingly           trippingli
-    trips                trip
-    tristful             trist
-    triton               triton
-    triumph              triumph
-    triumphant           triumphant
-    triumphantly         triumphantli
-    triumpher            triumpher
-    triumphers           triumpher
-    triumphing           triumph
-    triumphs             triumph
-    triumvir             triumvir
-    triumvirate          triumvir
-    triumvirs            triumvir
-    triumviry            triumviri
-    trivial              trivial
-    troat                troat
-    trod                 trod
-    trodden              trodden
-    troiant              troiant
-    troien               troien
-    troilus              troilu
-    troiluses            troilus
-    trojan               trojan
-    trojans              trojan
-    troll                troll
-    tromperies           tromperi
-    trompet              trompet
-    troop                troop
-    trooping             troop
-    troops               troop
-    trop                 trop
-    trophies             trophi
-    trophy               trophi
-    tropically           tropic
-    trot                 trot
-    troth                troth
-    trothed              troth
-    troths               troth
-    trots                trot
-    trotting             trot
-    trouble              troubl
-    troubled             troubl
-    troubler             troubler
-    troubles             troubl
-    troublesome          troublesom
-    troublest            troublest
-    troublous            troublou
-    trough               trough
-    trout                trout
-    trouts               trout
-    trovato              trovato
-    trow                 trow
-    trowel               trowel
-    trowest              trowest
-    troy                 troi
-    troyan               troyan
-    troyans              troyan
-    truant               truant
-    truce                truce
-    truckle              truckl
-    trudge               trudg
-    true                 true
-    trueborn             trueborn
-    truepenny            truepenni
-    truer                truer
-    truest               truest
-    truie                truie
-    trull                trull
-    trulls               trull
-    truly                truli
-    trump                trump
-    trumpery             trumperi
-    trumpet              trumpet
-    trumpeter            trumpet
-    trumpeters           trumpet
-    trumpets             trumpet
-    truncheon            truncheon
-    truncheoners         truncheon
-    trundle              trundl
-    trunk                trunk
-    trunks               trunk
-    trust                trust
-    trusted              trust
-    truster              truster
-    trusters             truster
-    trusting             trust
-    trusts               trust
-    trusty               trusti
-    truth                truth
-    truths               truth
-    try                  try
-    ts                   ts
-    tu                   tu
-    tuae                 tuae
-    tub                  tub
-    tubal                tubal
-    tubs                 tub
-    tuck                 tuck
-    tucket               tucket
-    tuesday              tuesdai
-    tuft                 tuft
-    tufts                tuft
-    tug                  tug
-    tugg                 tugg
-    tugging              tug
-    tuition              tuition
-    tullus               tullu
-    tully                tulli
-    tumble               tumbl
-    tumbled              tumbl
-    tumbler              tumbler
-    tumbling             tumbl
-    tumult               tumult
-    tumultuous           tumultu
-    tun                  tun
-    tune                 tune
-    tuneable             tuneabl
-    tuned                tune
-    tuners               tuner
-    tunes                tune
-    tunis                tuni
-    tuns                 tun
-    tupping              tup
-    turban               turban
-    turbans              turban
-    turbulence           turbul
-    turbulent            turbul
-    turd                 turd
-    turf                 turf
-    turfy                turfi
-    turk                 turk
-    turkey               turkei
-    turkeys              turkei
-    turkish              turkish
-    turks                turk
-    turlygod             turlygod
-    turmoil              turmoil
-    turmoiled            turmoil
-    turn                 turn
-    turnbull             turnbul
-    turncoat             turncoat
-    turncoats            turncoat
-    turned               turn
-    turneth              turneth
-    turning              turn
-    turnips              turnip
-    turns                turn
-    turph                turph
-    turpitude            turpitud
-    turquoise            turquois
-    turret               turret
-    turrets              turret
-    turtle               turtl
-    turtles              turtl
-    turvy                turvi
-    tuscan               tuscan
-    tush                 tush
-    tut                  tut
-    tutor                tutor
-    tutored              tutor
-    tutors               tutor
-    tutto                tutto
-    twain                twain
-    twang                twang
-    twangling            twangl
-    twas                 twa
-    tway                 twai
-    tweaks               tweak
-    tween                tween
-    twelfth              twelfth
-    twelve               twelv
-    twelvemonth          twelvemonth
-    twentieth            twentieth
-    twenty               twenti
-    twere                twere
-    twice                twice
-    twig                 twig
-    twiggen              twiggen
-    twigs                twig
-    twilight             twilight
-    twill                twill
-    twilled              twill
-    twin                 twin
-    twine                twine
-    twink                twink
-    twinkle              twinkl
-    twinkled             twinkl
-    twinkling            twinkl
-    twinn                twinn
-    twins                twin
-    twire                twire
-    twist                twist
-    twisted              twist
-    twit                 twit
-    twits                twit
-    twitting             twit
-    twixt                twixt
-    two                  two
-    twofold              twofold
-    twopence             twopenc
-    twopences            twopenc
-    twos                 two
-    twould               twould
-    tyb                  tyb
-    tybalt               tybalt
-    tybalts              tybalt
-    tyburn               tyburn
-    tying                ty
-    tyke                 tyke
-    tymbria              tymbria
-    type                 type
-    types                type
-    typhon               typhon
-    tyrannical           tyrann
-    tyrannically         tyrann
-    tyrannize            tyrann
-    tyrannous            tyrann
-    tyranny              tyranni
-    tyrant               tyrant
-    tyrants              tyrant
-    tyrian               tyrian
-    tyrrel               tyrrel
-    u                    u
-    ubique               ubiqu
-    udders               udder
-    udge                 udg
-    uds                  ud
-    uglier               uglier
-    ugliest              ugliest
-    ugly                 ugli
-    ulcer                ulcer
-    ulcerous             ulcer
-    ulysses              ulyss
-    um                   um
-    umber                umber
-    umbra                umbra
-    umbrage              umbrag
-    umfrevile            umfrevil
-    umpire               umpir
-    umpires              umpir
-    un                   un
-    unable               unabl
-    unaccommodated       unaccommod
-    unaccompanied        unaccompani
-    unaccustom           unaccustom
-    unaching             unach
-    unacquainted         unacquaint
-    unactive             unact
-    unadvis              unadvi
-    unadvised            unadvis
-    unadvisedly          unadvisedli
-    unagreeable          unagre
-    unanel               unanel
-    unanswer             unansw
-    unappeas             unappea
-    unapproved           unapprov
-    unapt                unapt
-    unaptness            unapt
-    unarm                unarm
-    unarmed              unarm
-    unarms               unarm
-    unassail             unassail
-    unassailable         unassail
-    unattainted          unattaint
-    unattempted          unattempt
-    unattended           unattend
-    unauspicious         unauspici
-    unauthorized         unauthor
-    unavoided            unavoid
-    unawares             unawar
-    unback               unback
-    unbak                unbak
-    unbanded             unband
-    unbar                unbar
-    unbarb               unbarb
-    unbashful            unbash
-    unbated              unbat
-    unbatter             unbatt
-    unbecoming           unbecom
-    unbefitting          unbefit
-    unbegot              unbegot
-    unbegotten           unbegotten
-    unbelieved           unbeliev
-    unbend               unbend
-    unbent               unbent
-    unbewail             unbewail
-    unbid                unbid
-    unbidden             unbidden
-    unbind               unbind
-    unbinds              unbind
-    unbitted             unbit
-    unbless              unbless
-    unblest              unblest
-    unbloodied           unbloodi
-    unblown              unblown
-    unbodied             unbodi
-    unbolt               unbolt
-    unbolted             unbolt
-    unbonneted           unbonnet
-    unbookish            unbookish
-    unborn               unborn
-    unbosom              unbosom
-    unbound              unbound
-    unbounded            unbound
-    unbow                unbow
-    unbowed              unbow
-    unbrac               unbrac
-    unbraced             unbrac
-    unbraided            unbraid
-    unbreathed           unbreath
-    unbred               unbr
-    unbreech             unbreech
-    unbridled            unbridl
-    unbroke              unbrok
-    unbruis              unbrui
-    unbruised            unbruis
-    unbuckle             unbuckl
-    unbuckles            unbuckl
-    unbuckling           unbuckl
-    unbuild              unbuild
-    unburden             unburden
-    unburdens            unburden
-    unburied             unburi
-    unburnt              unburnt
-    unburthen            unburthen
-    unbutton             unbutton
-    unbuttoning          unbutton
-    uncapable            uncap
-    uncape               uncap
-    uncase               uncas
-    uncasing             uncas
-    uncaught             uncaught
-    uncertain            uncertain
-    uncertainty          uncertainti
-    unchain              unchain
-    unchanging           unchang
-    uncharge             uncharg
-    uncharged            uncharg
-    uncharitably         uncharit
-    unchary              unchari
-    unchaste             unchast
-    uncheck              uncheck
-    unchilded            unchild
-    uncivil              uncivil
-    unclaim              unclaim
-    unclasp              unclasp
-    uncle                uncl
-    unclean              unclean
-    uncleanliness        uncleanli
-    uncleanly            uncleanli
-    uncleanness          unclean
-    uncles               uncl
-    unclew               unclew
-    unclog               unclog
-    uncoined             uncoin
-    uncolted             uncolt
-    uncomeliness         uncomeli
-    uncomfortable        uncomfort
-    uncompassionate      uncompassion
-    uncomprehensive      uncomprehens
-    unconfinable         unconfin
-    unconfirm            unconfirm
-    unconfirmed          unconfirm
-    unconquer            unconqu
-    unconquered          unconqu
-    unconsidered         unconsid
-    unconstant           unconst
-    unconstrain          unconstrain
-    unconstrained        unconstrain
-    uncontemn            uncontemn
-    uncontroll           uncontrol
-    uncorrected          uncorrect
-    uncounted            uncount
-    uncouple             uncoupl
-    uncourteous          uncourt
-    uncouth              uncouth
-    uncover              uncov
-    uncovered            uncov
-    uncropped            uncrop
-    uncross              uncross
-    uncrown              uncrown
-    unction              unction
-    unctuous             unctuou
-    uncuckolded          uncuckold
-    uncurable            uncur
-    uncurbable           uncurb
-    uncurbed             uncurb
-    uncurls              uncurl
-    uncurrent            uncurr
-    uncurse              uncurs
-    undaunted            undaunt
-    undeaf               undeaf
-    undeck               undeck
-    undeeded             undeed
-    under                under
-    underbearing         underbear
-    underborne           underborn
-    undercrest           undercrest
-    underfoot            underfoot
-    undergo              undergo
-    undergoes            undergo
-    undergoing           undergo
-    undergone            undergon
-    underground          underground
-    underhand            underhand
-    underlings           underl
-    undermine            undermin
-    underminers          undermin
-    underneath           underneath
-    underprizing         underpr
-    underprop            underprop
-    understand           understand
-    understandeth        understandeth
-    understanding        understand
-    understandings       understand
-    understands          understand
-    understood           understood
-    underta              underta
-    undertake            undertak
-    undertakeing         undertak
-    undertaker           undertak
-    undertakes           undertak
-    undertaking          undertak
-    undertakings         undertak
-    undertook            undertook
-    undervalu            undervalu
-    undervalued          undervalu
-    underwent            underw
-    underwrit            underwrit
-    underwrite           underwrit
-    undescried           undescri
-    undeserved           undeserv
-    undeserver           undeserv
-    undeservers          undeserv
-    undeserving          undeserv
-    undetermin           undetermin
-    undid                undid
-    undinted             undint
-    undiscernible        undiscern
-    undiscover           undiscov
-    undishonoured        undishonour
-    undispos             undispo
-    undistinguishable    undistinguish
-    undistinguished      undistinguish
-    undividable          undivid
-    undivided            undivid
-    undivulged           undivulg
-    undo                 undo
-    undoes               undo
-    undoing              undo
-    undone               undon
-    undoubted            undoubt
-    undoubtedly          undoubtedli
-    undream              undream
-    undress              undress
-    undressed            undress
-    undrown              undrown
-    unduteous            undut
-    undutiful            unduti
-    une                  un
-    uneared              unear
-    unearned             unearn
-    unearthly            unearthli
-    uneasines            uneasin
-    uneasy               uneasi
-    uneath               uneath
-    uneducated           uneduc
-    uneffectual          uneffectu
-    unelected            unelect
-    unequal              unequ
-    uneven               uneven
-    unexamin             unexamin
-    unexecuted           unexecut
-    unexpected           unexpect
-    unexperienc          unexperienc
-    unexperient          unexperi
-    unexpressive         unexpress
-    unfair               unfair
-    unfaithful           unfaith
-    unfallible           unfal
-    unfam                unfam
-    unfashionable        unfashion
-    unfasten             unfasten
-    unfather             unfath
-    unfathered           unfath
-    unfed                unf
-    unfeed               unfe
-    unfeeling            unfeel
-    unfeigned            unfeign
-    unfeignedly          unfeignedli
-    unfellowed           unfellow
-    unfelt               unfelt
-    unfenced             unfenc
-    unfilial             unfili
-    unfill               unfil
-    unfinish             unfinish
-    unfirm               unfirm
-    unfit                unfit
-    unfitness            unfit
-    unfix                unfix
-    unfledg              unfledg
-    unfold               unfold
-    unfolded             unfold
-    unfoldeth            unfoldeth
-    unfolding            unfold
-    unfolds              unfold
-    unfool               unfool
-    unforc               unforc
-    unforced             unforc
-    unforfeited          unforfeit
-    unfortified          unfortifi
-    unfortunate          unfortun
-    unfought             unfought
-    unfrequented         unfrequ
-    unfriended           unfriend
-    unfurnish            unfurnish
-    ungain               ungain
-    ungalled             ungal
-    ungart               ungart
-    ungarter             ungart
-    ungenitur            ungenitur
-    ungentle             ungentl
-    ungentleness         ungentl
-    ungently             ungent
-    ungird               ungird
-    ungodly              ungodli
-    ungor                ungor
-    ungot                ungot
-    ungotten             ungotten
-    ungovern             ungovern
-    ungracious           ungraci
-    ungrateful           ungrat
-    ungravely            ungrav
-    ungrown              ungrown
-    unguarded            unguard
-    unguem               unguem
-    unguided             unguid
-    unhack               unhack
-    unhair               unhair
-    unhallow             unhallow
-    unhallowed           unhallow
-    unhand               unhand
-    unhandled            unhandl
-    unhandsome           unhandsom
-    unhang               unhang
-    unhappied            unhappi
-    unhappily            unhappili
-    unhappiness          unhappi
-    unhappy              unhappi
-    unhardened           unharden
-    unharm               unharm
-    unhatch              unhatch
-    unheard              unheard
-    unhearts             unheart
-    unheedful            unheed
-    unheedfully          unheedfulli
-    unheedy              unheedi
-    unhelpful            unhelp
-    unhidden             unhidden
-    unholy               unholi
-    unhop                unhop
-    unhopefullest        unhopefullest
-    unhorse              unhors
-    unhospitable         unhospit
-    unhous               unhou
-    unhoused             unhous
-    unhurtful            unhurt
-    unicorn              unicorn
-    unicorns             unicorn
-    unimproved           unimprov
-    uninhabitable        uninhabit
-    uninhabited          uninhabit
-    unintelligent        unintellig
-    union                union
-    unions               union
-    unite                unit
-    united               unit
-    unity                uniti
-    universal            univers
-    universe             univers
-    universities         univers
-    university           univers
-    unjointed            unjoint
-    unjust               unjust
-    unjustice            unjustic
-    unjustly             unjustli
-    unkennel             unkennel
-    unkept               unkept
-    unkind               unkind
-    unkindest            unkindest
-    unkindly             unkindli
-    unkindness           unkind
-    unking               unk
-    unkinglike           unkinglik
-    unkiss               unkiss
-    unknit               unknit
-    unknowing            unknow
-    unknown              unknown
-    unlace               unlac
-    unlaid               unlaid
-    unlawful             unlaw
-    unlawfully           unlawfulli
-    unlearn              unlearn
-    unlearned            unlearn
-    unless               unless
-    unlesson             unlesson
-    unletter             unlett
-    unlettered           unlett
-    unlick               unlick
-    unlike               unlik
-    unlikely             unlik
-    unlimited            unlimit
-    unlineal             unlin
-    unlink               unlink
-    unload               unload
-    unloaded             unload
-    unloading            unload
-    unloads              unload
-    unlock               unlock
-    unlocks              unlock
-    unlook               unlook
-    unlooked             unlook
-    unloos               unloo
-    unloose              unloos
-    unlov                unlov
-    unloving             unlov
-    unluckily            unluckili
-    unlucky              unlucki
-    unmade               unmad
-    unmake               unmak
-    unmanly              unmanli
-    unmann               unmann
-    unmanner             unmann
-    unmannerd            unmannerd
-    unmannerly           unmannerli
-    unmarried            unmarri
-    unmask               unmask
-    unmasked             unmask
-    unmasking            unmask
-    unmasks              unmask
-    unmast               unmast
-    unmatch              unmatch
-    unmatchable          unmatch
-    unmatched            unmatch
-    unmeasurable         unmeasur
-    unmeet               unmeet
-    unmellowed           unmellow
-    unmerciful           unmerci
-    unmeritable          unmerit
-    unmeriting           unmerit
-    unminded             unmind
-    unmindfull           unmindful
-    unmingled            unmingl
-    unmitigable          unmitig
-    unmitigated          unmitig
-    unmix                unmix
-    unmoan               unmoan
-    unmov                unmov
-    unmoved              unmov
-    unmoving             unmov
-    unmuffles            unmuffl
-    unmuffling           unmuffl
-    unmusical            unmus
-    unmuzzle             unmuzzl
-    unmuzzled            unmuzzl
-    unnatural            unnatur
-    unnaturally          unnatur
-    unnaturalness        unnatur
-    unnecessarily        unnecessarili
-    unnecessary          unnecessari
-    unneighbourly        unneighbourli
-    unnerved             unnerv
-    unnoble              unnobl
-    unnoted              unnot
-    unnumb               unnumb
-    unnumber             unnumb
-    unowed               unow
-    unpack               unpack
-    unpaid               unpaid
-    unparagon            unparagon
-    unparallel           unparallel
-    unpartial            unparti
-    unpath               unpath
-    unpaved              unpav
-    unpay                unpai
-    unpeaceable          unpeac
-    unpeg                unpeg
-    unpeople             unpeopl
-    unpeopled            unpeopl
-    unperfect            unperfect
-    unperfectness        unperfect
-    unpick               unpick
-    unpin                unpin
-    unpink               unpink
-    unpitied             unpiti
-    unpitifully          unpitifulli
-    unplagu              unplagu
-    unplausive           unplaus
-    unpleas              unplea
-    unpleasant           unpleas
-    unpleasing           unpleas
-    unpolicied           unpolici
-    unpolish             unpolish
-    unpolished           unpolish
-    unpolluted           unpollut
-    unpossess            unpossess
-    unpossessing         unpossess
-    unpossible           unposs
-    unpractis            unpracti
-    unpregnant           unpregn
-    unpremeditated       unpremedit
-    unprepar             unprepar
-    unprepared           unprepar
-    unpress              unpress
-    unprevailing         unprevail
-    unprevented          unprev
-    unpriz               unpriz
-    unprizable           unpriz
-    unprofitable         unprofit
-    unprofited           unprofit
-    unproper             unprop
-    unproperly           unproperli
-    unproportion         unproport
-    unprovide            unprovid
-    unprovided           unprovid
-    unprovident          unprovid
-    unprovokes           unprovok
-    unprun               unprun
-    unpruned             unprun
-    unpublish            unpublish
-    unpurged             unpurg
-    unpurpos             unpurpo
-    unqualitied          unqual
-    unqueen              unqueen
-    unquestion           unquest
-    unquestionable       unquestion
-    unquiet              unquiet
-    unquietly            unquietli
-    unquietness          unquiet
-    unraised             unrais
-    unrak                unrak
-    unread               unread
-    unready              unreadi
-    unreal               unreal
-    unreasonable         unreason
-    unreasonably         unreason
-    unreclaimed          unreclaim
-    unreconciled         unreconcil
-    unreconciliable      unreconcili
-    unrecounted          unrecount
-    unrecuring           unrecur
-    unregarded           unregard
-    unregist             unregist
-    unrelenting          unrel
-    unremovable          unremov
-    unremovably          unremov
-    unreprievable        unrepriev
-    unresolv             unresolv
-    unrespected          unrespect
-    unrespective         unrespect
-    unrest               unrest
-    unrestor             unrestor
-    unrestrained         unrestrain
-    unreveng             unreveng
-    unreverend           unreverend
-    unreverent           unrever
-    unrevers             unrev
-    unrewarded           unreward
-    unrighteous          unright
-    unrightful           unright
-    unripe               unrip
-    unripp               unripp
-    unrivall             unrival
-    unroll               unrol
-    unroof               unroof
-    unroosted            unroost
-    unroot               unroot
-    unrough              unrough
-    unruly               unruli
-    unsafe               unsaf
-    unsaluted            unsalut
-    unsanctified         unsanctifi
-    unsatisfied          unsatisfi
-    unsavoury            unsavouri
-    unsay                unsai
-    unscalable           unscal
-    unscann              unscann
-    unscarr              unscarr
-    unschool             unschool
-    unscorch             unscorch
-    unscour              unscour
-    unscratch            unscratch
-    unseal               unseal
-    unseam               unseam
-    unsearch             unsearch
-    unseason             unseason
-    unseasonable         unseason
-    unseasonably         unseason
-    unseasoned           unseason
-    unseconded           unsecond
-    unsecret             unsecret
-    unseduc              unseduc
-    unseeing             unse
-    unseeming            unseem
-    unseemly             unseemli
-    unseen               unseen
-    unseminar            unseminar
-    unseparable          unsepar
-    unserviceable        unservic
-    unset                unset
-    unsettle             unsettl
-    unsettled            unsettl
-    unsever              unsev
-    unsex                unsex
-    unshak               unshak
-    unshaked             unshak
-    unshaken             unshaken
-    unshaped             unshap
-    unshapes             unshap
-    unsheath             unsheath
-    unsheathe            unsheath
-    unshorn              unshorn
-    unshout              unshout
-    unshown              unshown
-    unshrinking          unshrink
-    unshrubb             unshrubb
-    unshunn              unshunn
-    unshunnable          unshunn
-    unsifted             unsift
-    unsightly            unsightli
-    unsinew              unsinew
-    unsisting            unsist
-    unskilful            unskil
-    unskilfully          unskilfulli
-    unskillful           unskil
-    unslipping           unslip
-    unsmirched           unsmirch
-    unsoil               unsoil
-    unsolicited          unsolicit
-    unsorted             unsort
-    unsought             unsought
-    unsound              unsound
-    unsounded            unsound
-    unspeak              unspeak
-    unspeakable          unspeak
-    unspeaking           unspeak
-    unsphere             unspher
-    unspoke              unspok
-    unspoken             unspoken
-    unspotted            unspot
-    unsquar              unsquar
-    unstable             unstabl
-    unstaid              unstaid
-    unstain              unstain
-    unstained            unstain
-    unstanched           unstanch
-    unstate              unstat
-    unsteadfast          unsteadfast
-    unstooping           unstoop
-    unstringed           unstring
-    unstuff              unstuff
-    unsubstantial        unsubstanti
-    unsuitable           unsuit
-    unsuiting            unsuit
-    unsullied            unsulli
-    unsunn               unsunn
-    unsur                unsur
-    unsure               unsur
-    unsuspected          unsuspect
-    unsway               unswai
-    unswayable           unsway
-    unswayed             unswai
-    unswear              unswear
-    unswept              unswept
-    unsworn              unsworn
-    untainted            untaint
-    untalk               untalk
-    untangle             untangl
-    untangled            untangl
-    untasted             untast
-    untaught             untaught
-    untempering          untemp
-    untender             untend
-    untent               untent
-    untented             untent
-    unthankful           unthank
-    unthankfulness       unthank
-    unthink              unthink
-    unthought            unthought
-    unthread             unthread
-    unthrift             unthrift
-    unthrifts            unthrift
-    unthrifty            unthrifti
-    untie                unti
-    untied               unti
-    until                until
-    untimber             untimb
-    untimely             untim
-    untir                untir
-    untirable            untir
-    untired              untir
-    untitled             untitl
-    unto                 unto
-    untold               untold
-    untouch              untouch
-    untoward             untoward
-    untowardly           untowardli
-    untraded             untrad
-    untrain              untrain
-    untrained            untrain
-    untread              untread
-    untreasur            untreasur
-    untried              untri
-    untrimmed            untrim
-    untrod               untrod
-    untrodden            untrodden
-    untroubled           untroubl
-    untrue               untru
-    untrussing           untruss
-    untruth              untruth
-    untruths             untruth
-    untucked             untuck
-    untun                untun
-    untune               untun
-    untuneable           untun
-    untutor              untutor
-    untutored            untutor
-    untwine              untwin
-    unurg                unurg
-    unus                 unu
-    unused               unus
-    unusual              unusu
-    unvalued             unvalu
-    unvanquish           unvanquish
-    unvarnish            unvarnish
-    unveil               unveil
-    unveiling            unveil
-    unvenerable          unvener
-    unvex                unvex
-    unviolated           unviol
-    unvirtuous           unvirtu
-    unvisited            unvisit
-    unvulnerable         unvulner
-    unwares              unwar
-    unwarily             unwarili
-    unwash               unwash
-    unwatch              unwatch
-    unwearied            unweari
-    unwed                unw
-    unwedgeable          unwedg
-    unweeded             unweed
-    unweighed            unweigh
-    unweighing           unweigh
-    unwelcome            unwelcom
-    unwept               unwept
-    unwhipp              unwhipp
-    unwholesome          unwholesom
-    unwieldy             unwieldi
-    unwilling            unwil
-    unwillingly          unwillingli
-    unwillingness        unwilling
-    unwind               unwind
-    unwiped              unwip
-    unwise               unwis
-    unwisely             unwis
-    unwish               unwish
-    unwished             unwish
-    unwitted             unwit
-    unwittingly          unwittingli
-    unwonted             unwont
-    unwooed              unwoo
-    unworthier           unworthi
-    unworthiest          unworthiest
-    unworthily           unworthili
-    unworthiness         unworthi
-    unworthy             unworthi
-    unwrung              unwrung
-    unyok                unyok
-    unyoke               unyok
-    up                   up
-    upbraid              upbraid
-    upbraided            upbraid
-    upbraidings          upbraid
-    upbraids             upbraid
-    uphoarded            uphoard
-    uphold               uphold
-    upholdeth            upholdeth
-    upholding            uphold
-    upholds              uphold
-    uplift               uplift
-    uplifted             uplift
-    upmost               upmost
-    upon                 upon
-    upper                upper
-    uprear               uprear
-    upreared             uprear
-    upright              upright
-    uprighteously        upright
-    uprightness          upright
-    uprise               upris
-    uprising             upris
-    uproar               uproar
-    uproars              uproar
-    uprous               uprou
-    upshoot              upshoot
-    upshot               upshot
-    upside               upsid
-    upspring             upspr
-    upstairs             upstair
-    upstart              upstart
-    upturned             upturn
-    upward               upward
-    upwards              upward
-    urchin               urchin
-    urchinfield          urchinfield
-    urchins              urchin
-    urg                  urg
-    urge                 urg
-    urged                urg
-    urgent               urgent
-    urges                urg
-    urgest               urgest
-    urging               urg
-    urinal               urin
-    urinals              urin
-    urine                urin
-    urn                  urn
-    urns                 urn
-    urs                  ur
-    ursa                 ursa
-    ursley               urslei
-    ursula               ursula
-    urswick              urswick
-    us                   us
-    usage                usag
-    usance               usanc
-    usances              usanc
-    use                  us
-    used                 us
-    useful               us
-    useless              useless
-    user                 user
-    uses                 us
-    usest                usest
-    useth                useth
-    usher                usher
-    ushered              usher
-    ushering             usher
-    ushers               usher
-    using                us
-    usual                usual
-    usually              usual
-    usurer               usur
-    usurers              usur
-    usuries              usuri
-    usuring              usur
-    usurp                usurp
-    usurpation           usurp
-    usurped              usurp
-    usurper              usurp
-    usurpers             usurp
-    usurping             usurp
-    usurpingly           usurpingli
-    usurps               usurp
-    usury                usuri
-    ut                   ut
-    utensil              utensil
-    utensils             utensil
-    utility              util
-    utmost               utmost
-    utt                  utt
-    utter                utter
-    utterance            utter
-    uttered              utter
-    uttereth             uttereth
-    uttering             utter
-    utterly              utterli
-    uttermost            uttermost
-    utters               utter
-    uy                   uy
-    v                    v
-    va                   va
-    vacancy              vacanc
-    vacant               vacant
-    vacation             vacat
-    vade                 vade
-    vagabond             vagabond
-    vagabonds            vagabond
-    vagram               vagram
-    vagrom               vagrom
-    vail                 vail
-    vailed               vail
-    vailing              vail
-    vaillant             vaillant
-    vain                 vain
-    vainer               vainer
-    vainglory            vainglori
-    vainly               vainli
-    vainness             vain
-    vais                 vai
-    valanc               valanc
-    valance              valanc
-    vale                 vale
-    valence              valenc
-    valentine            valentin
-    valentinus           valentinu
-    valentio             valentio
-    valeria              valeria
-    valerius             valeriu
-    vales                vale
-    valiant              valiant
-    valiantly            valiantli
-    valiantness          valiant
-    validity             valid
-    vallant              vallant
-    valley               vallei
-    valleys              vallei
-    vally                valli
-    valor                valor
-    valorous             valor
-    valorously           valor
-    valour               valour
-    valu                 valu
-    valuation            valuat
-    value                valu
-    valued               valu
-    valueless            valueless
-    values               valu
-    valuing              valu
-    vane                 vane
-    vanish               vanish
-    vanished             vanish
-    vanishes             vanish
-    vanishest            vanishest
-    vanishing            vanish
-    vanities             vaniti
-    vanity               vaniti
-    vanquish             vanquish
-    vanquished           vanquish
-    vanquisher           vanquish
-    vanquishest          vanquishest
-    vanquisheth          vanquisheth
-    vant                 vant
-    vantage              vantag
-    vantages             vantag
-    vantbrace            vantbrac
-    vapians              vapian
-    vapor                vapor
-    vaporous             vapor
-    vapour               vapour
-    vapours              vapour
-    vara                 vara
-    variable             variabl
-    variance             varianc
-    variation            variat
-    variations           variat
-    varied               vari
-    variest              variest
-    variety              varieti
-    varld                varld
-    varlet               varlet
-    varletry             varletri
-    varlets              varlet
-    varletto             varletto
-    varnish              varnish
-    varrius              varriu
-    varro                varro
-    vary                 vari
-    varying              vari
-    vassal               vassal
-    vassalage            vassalag
-    vassals              vassal
-    vast                 vast
-    vastidity            vastid
-    vasty                vasti
-    vat                  vat
-    vater                vater
-    vaudemont            vaudemont
-    vaughan              vaughan
-    vault                vault
-    vaultages            vaultag
-    vaulted              vault
-    vaulting             vault
-    vaults               vault
-    vaulty               vaulti
-    vaumond              vaumond
-    vaunt                vaunt
-    vaunted              vaunt
-    vaunter              vaunter
-    vaunting             vaunt
-    vauntingly           vauntingli
-    vaunts               vaunt
-    vauvado              vauvado
-    vaux                 vaux
-    vaward               vaward
-    ve                   ve
-    veal                 veal
-    vede                 vede
-    vehemence            vehem
-    vehemency            vehem
-    vehement             vehement
-    vehor                vehor
-    veil                 veil
-    veiled               veil
-    veiling              veil
-    vein                 vein
-    veins                vein
-    vell                 vell
-    velure               velur
-    velutus              velutu
-    velvet               velvet
-    vendible             vendibl
-    venerable            vener
-    venereal             vener
-    venetia              venetia
-    venetian             venetian
-    venetians            venetian
-    veneys               venei
-    venge                veng
-    vengeance            vengeanc
-    vengeances           vengeanc
-    vengeful             veng
-    veni                 veni
-    venial               venial
-    venice               venic
-    venison              venison
-    venit                venit
-    venom                venom
-    venomous             venom
-    venomously           venom
-    vent                 vent
-    ventages             ventag
-    vented               vent
-    ventidius            ventidiu
-    ventricle            ventricl
-    vents                vent
-    ventur               ventur
-    venture              ventur
-    ventured             ventur
-    ventures             ventur
-    venturing            ventur
-    venturous            ventur
-    venue                venu
-    venus                venu
-    venuto               venuto
-    ver                  ver
-    verb                 verb
-    verba                verba
-    verbal               verbal
-    verbatim             verbatim
-    verbosity            verbos
-    verdict              verdict
-    verdun               verdun
-    verdure              verdur
-    vere                 vere
-    verefore             verefor
-    verg                 verg
-    verge                verg
-    vergers              verger
-    verges               verg
-    verier               verier
-    veriest              veriest
-    verified             verifi
-    verify               verifi
-    verily               verili
-    veritable            verit
-    verite               verit
-    verities             veriti
-    verity               veriti
-    vermilion            vermilion
-    vermin               vermin
-    vernon               vernon
-    verona               verona
-    veronesa             veronesa
-    versal               versal
-    verse                vers
-    verses               vers
-    versing              vers
-    vert                 vert
-    very                 veri
-    vesper               vesper
-    vessel               vessel
-    vessels              vessel
-    vestal               vestal
-    vestments            vestment
-    vesture              vestur
-    vetch                vetch
-    vetches              vetch
-    veux                 veux
-    vex                  vex
-    vexation             vexat
-    vexations            vexat
-    vexed                vex
-    vexes                vex
-    vexest               vexest
-    vexeth               vexeth
-    vexing               vex
-    vi                   vi
-    via                  via
-    vial                 vial
-    vials                vial
-    viand                viand
-    viands               viand
-    vic                  vic
-    vicar                vicar
-    vice                 vice
-    vicegerent           viceger
-    vicentio             vicentio
-    viceroy              viceroi
-    viceroys             viceroi
-    vices                vice
-    vici                 vici
-    vicious              viciou
-    viciousness          vicious
-    vict                 vict
-    victims              victim
-    victor               victor
-    victoress            victoress
-    victories            victori
-    victorious           victori
-    victors              victor
-    victory              victori
-    victual              victual
-    victuall             victual
-    victuals             victual
-    videlicet            videlicet
-    video                video
-    vides                vide
-    videsne              videsn
-    vidi                 vidi
-    vie                  vie
-    vied                 vi
-    vienna               vienna
-    view                 view
-    viewest              viewest
-    vieweth              vieweth
-    viewing              view
-    viewless             viewless
-    views                view
-    vigil                vigil
-    vigilance            vigil
-    vigilant             vigil
-    vigitant             vigit
-    vigour               vigour
-    vii                  vii
-    viii                 viii
-    vile                 vile
-    vilely               vile
-    vileness             vile
-    viler                viler
-    vilest               vilest
-    vill                 vill
-    village              villag
-    villager             villag
-    villagery            villageri
-    villages             villag
-    villain              villain
-    villainies           villaini
-    villainous           villain
-    villainously         villain
-    villains             villain
-    villainy             villaini
-    villanies            villani
-    villanous            villan
-    villany              villani
-    villiago             villiago
-    villian              villian
-    villianda            villianda
-    villians             villian
-    vinaigre             vinaigr
-    vincentio            vincentio
-    vincere              vincer
-    vindicative          vindic
-    vine                 vine
-    vinegar              vinegar
-    vines                vine
-    vineyard             vineyard
-    vineyards            vineyard
-    vint                 vint
-    vintner              vintner
-    viol                 viol
-    viola                viola
-    violate              violat
-    violated             violat
-    violates             violat
-    violation            violat
-    violator             violat
-    violence             violenc
-    violent              violent
-    violenta             violenta
-    violenteth           violenteth
-    violently            violent
-    violet               violet
-    violets              violet
-    viper                viper
-    viperous             viper
-    vipers               viper
-    vir                  vir
-    virgilia             virgilia
-    virgin               virgin
-    virginal             virgin
-    virginalling         virginal
-    virginity            virgin
-    virginius            virginiu
-    virgins              virgin
-    virgo                virgo
-    virtue               virtu
-    virtues              virtu
-    virtuous             virtuou
-    virtuously           virtuous
-    visag                visag
-    visage               visag
-    visages              visag
-    visard               visard
-    viscount             viscount
-    visible              visibl
-    visibly              visibl
-    vision               vision
-    visions              vision
-    visit                visit
-    visitation           visit
-    visitations          visit
-    visited              visit
-    visiting             visit
-    visitings            visit
-    visitor              visitor
-    visitors             visitor
-    visits               visit
-    visor                visor
-    vita                 vita
-    vitae                vita
-    vital                vital
-    vitement             vitement
-    vitruvio             vitruvio
-    vitx                 vitx
-    viva                 viva
-    vivant               vivant
-    vive                 vive
-    vixen                vixen
-    viz                  viz
-    vizaments            vizament
-    vizard               vizard
-    vizarded             vizard
-    vizards              vizard
-    vizor                vizor
-    vlouting             vlout
-    vocation             vocat
-    vocativo             vocativo
-    vocatur              vocatur
-    voce                 voce
-    voic                 voic
-    voice                voic
-    voices               voic
-    void                 void
-    voided               void
-    voiding              void
-    voke                 voke
-    volable              volabl
-    volant               volant
-    volivorco            volivorco
-    volley               vollei
-    volquessen           volquessen
-    volsce               volsc
-    volsces              volsc
-    volscian             volscian
-    volscians            volscian
-    volt                 volt
-    voltemand            voltemand
-    volubility           volubl
-    voluble              volubl
-    volume               volum
-    volumes              volum
-    volumnia             volumnia
-    volumnius            volumniu
-    voluntaries          voluntari
-    voluntary            voluntari
-    voluptuously         voluptu
-    voluptuousness       voluptu
-    vomissement          vomiss
-    vomit                vomit
-    vomits               vomit
-    vor                  vor
-    vore                 vore
-    vortnight            vortnight
-    vot                  vot
-    votaries             votari
-    votarist             votarist
-    votarists            votarist
-    votary               votari
-    votre                votr
-    vouch                vouch
-    voucher              voucher
-    vouchers             voucher
-    vouches              vouch
-    vouching             vouch
-    vouchsaf             vouchsaf
-    vouchsafe            vouchsaf
-    vouchsafed           vouchsaf
-    vouchsafes           vouchsaf
-    vouchsafing          vouchsaf
-    voudrais             voudrai
-    vour                 vour
-    vous                 vou
-    voutsafe             voutsaf
-    vow                  vow
-    vowed                vow
-    vowel                vowel
-    vowels               vowel
-    vowing               vow
-    vows                 vow
-    vox                  vox
-    voyage               voyag
-    voyages              voyag
-    vraiment             vraiment
-    vulcan               vulcan
-    vulgar               vulgar
-    vulgarly             vulgarli
-    vulgars              vulgar
-    vulgo                vulgo
-    vulnerable           vulner
-    vulture              vultur
-    vultures             vultur
-    vurther              vurther
-    w                    w
-    wad                  wad
-    waddled              waddl
-    wade                 wade
-    waded                wade
-    wafer                wafer
-    waft                 waft
-    waftage              waftag
-    wafting              waft
-    wafts                waft
-    wag                  wag
-    wage                 wage
-    wager                wager
-    wagers               wager
-    wages                wage
-    wagging              wag
-    waggish              waggish
-    waggling             waggl
-    waggon               waggon
-    waggoner             waggon
-    wagon                wagon
-    wagoner              wagon
-    wags                 wag
-    wagtail              wagtail
-    wail                 wail
-    wailful              wail
-    wailing              wail
-    wails                wail
-    wain                 wain
-    wainropes            wainrop
-    wainscot             wainscot
-    waist                waist
-    wait                 wait
-    waited               wait
-    waiter               waiter
-    waiteth              waiteth
-    waiting              wait
-    waits                wait
-    wak                  wak
-    wake                 wake
-    waked                wake
-    wakefield            wakefield
-    waken                waken
-    wakened              waken
-    wakes                wake
-    wakest               wakest
-    waking               wake
-    wales                wale
-    walk                 walk
-    walked               walk
-    walking              walk
-    walks                walk
-    wall                 wall
-    walled               wall
-    wallet               wallet
-    wallets              wallet
-    wallon               wallon
-    walloon              walloon
-    wallow               wallow
-    walls                wall
-    walnut               walnut
-    walter               walter
-    wan                  wan
-    wand                 wand
-    wander               wander
-    wanderer             wander
-    wanderers            wander
-    wandering            wander
-    wanders              wander
-    wands                wand
-    wane                 wane
-    waned                wane
-    wanes                wane
-    waning               wane
-    wann                 wann
-    want                 want
-    wanted               want
-    wanteth              wanteth
-    wanting              want
-    wanton               wanton
-    wantonly             wantonli
-    wantonness           wanton
-    wantons              wanton
-    wants                want
-    wappen               wappen
-    war                  war
-    warble               warbl
-    warbling             warbl
-    ward                 ward
-    warded               ward
-    warden               warden
-    warder               warder
-    warders              warder
-    wardrobe             wardrob
-    wardrop              wardrop
-    wards                ward
-    ware                 ware
-    wares                ware
-    warily               warili
-    warkworth            warkworth
-    warlike              warlik
-    warm                 warm
-    warmed               warm
-    warmer               warmer
-    warming              warm
-    warms                warm
-    warmth               warmth
-    warn                 warn
-    warned               warn
-    warning              warn
-    warnings             warn
-    warns                warn
-    warp                 warp
-    warped               warp
-    warr                 warr
-    warrant              warrant
-    warranted            warrant
-    warranteth           warranteth
-    warrantise           warrantis
-    warrantize           warrant
-    warrants             warrant
-    warranty             warranti
-    warren               warren
-    warrener             warren
-    warring              war
-    warrior              warrior
-    warriors             warrior
-    wars                 war
-    wart                 wart
-    warwick              warwick
-    warwickshire         warwickshir
-    wary                 wari
-    was                  wa
-    wash                 wash
-    washed               wash
-    washer               washer
-    washes               wash
-    washford             washford
-    washing              wash
-    wasp                 wasp
-    waspish              waspish
-    wasps                wasp
-    wassail              wassail
-    wassails             wassail
-    wast                 wast
-    waste                wast
-    wasted               wast
-    wasteful             wast
-    wasters              waster
-    wastes               wast
-    wasting              wast
-    wat                  wat
-    watch                watch
-    watched              watch
-    watchers             watcher
-    watches              watch
-    watchful             watch
-    watching             watch
-    watchings            watch
-    watchman             watchman
-    watchmen             watchmen
-    watchword            watchword
-    water                water
-    waterdrops           waterdrop
-    watered              water
-    waterfly             waterfli
-    waterford            waterford
-    watering             water
-    waterish             waterish
-    waterpots            waterpot
-    waterrugs            waterrug
-    waters               water
-    waterton             waterton
-    watery               wateri
-    wav                  wav
-    wave                 wave
-    waved                wave
-    waver                waver
-    waverer              waver
-    wavering             waver
-    waves                wave
-    waving               wave
-    waw                  waw
-    wawl                 wawl
-    wax                  wax
-    waxed                wax
-    waxen                waxen
-    waxes                wax
-    waxing               wax
-    way                  wai
-    waylaid              waylaid
-    waylay               waylai
-    ways                 wai
-    wayward              wayward
-    waywarder            wayward
-    waywardness          wayward
-    we                   we
-    weak                 weak
-    weaken               weaken
-    weakens              weaken
-    weaker               weaker
-    weakest              weakest
-    weakling             weakl
-    weakly               weakli
-    weakness             weak
-    weal                 weal
-    wealsmen             wealsmen
-    wealth               wealth
-    wealthiest           wealthiest
-    wealthily            wealthili
-    wealthy              wealthi
-    wealtlly             wealtlli
-    wean                 wean
-    weapon               weapon
-    weapons              weapon
-    wear                 wear
-    wearer               wearer
-    wearers              wearer
-    wearied              weari
-    wearies              weari
-    weariest             weariest
-    wearily              wearili
-    weariness            weari
-    wearing              wear
-    wearisome            wearisom
-    wears                wear
-    weary                weari
-    weasel               weasel
-    weather              weather
-    weathercock          weathercock
-    weathers             weather
-    weav                 weav
-    weave                weav
-    weaver               weaver
-    weavers              weaver
-    weaves               weav
-    weaving              weav
-    web                  web
-    wed                  wed
-    wedded               wed
-    wedding              wed
-    wedg                 wedg
-    wedged               wedg
-    wedges               wedg
-    wedlock              wedlock
-    wednesday            wednesdai
-    weed                 weed
-    weeded               weed
-    weeder               weeder
-    weeding              weed
-    weeds                weed
-    weedy                weedi
-    week                 week
-    weeke                week
-    weekly               weekli
-    weeks                week
-    ween                 ween
-    weening              ween
-    weep                 weep
-    weeper               weeper
-    weeping              weep
-    weepingly            weepingli
-    weepings             weep
-    weeps                weep
-    weet                 weet
-    weigh                weigh
-    weighed              weigh
-    weighing             weigh
-    weighs               weigh
-    weight               weight
-    weightier            weightier
-    weightless           weightless
-    weights              weight
-    weighty              weighti
-    weird                weird
-    welcom               welcom
-    welcome              welcom
-    welcomer             welcom
-    welcomes             welcom
-    welcomest            welcomest
-    welfare              welfar
-    welkin               welkin
-    well                 well
-    wells                well
-    welsh                welsh
-    welshman             welshman
-    welshmen             welshmen
-    welshwomen           welshwomen
-    wench                wench
-    wenches              wench
-    wenching             wench
-    wend                 wend
-    went                 went
-    wept                 wept
-    weraday              weradai
-    were                 were
-    wert                 wert
-    west                 west
-    western              western
-    westminster          westminst
-    westmoreland         westmoreland
-    westward             westward
-    wet                  wet
-    wether               wether
-    wetting              wet
-    wezand               wezand
-    whale                whale
-    whales               whale
-    wharf                wharf
-    wharfs               wharf
-    what                 what
-    whate                whate
-    whatever             whatev
-    whatsoe              whatso
-    whatsoever           whatsoev
-    whatsome             whatsom
-    whe                  whe
-    wheat                wheat
-    wheaten              wheaten
-    wheel                wheel
-    wheeling             wheel
-    wheels               wheel
-    wheer                wheer
-    wheeson              wheeson
-    wheezing             wheez
-    whelk                whelk
-    whelks               whelk
-    whelm                whelm
-    whelp                whelp
-    whelped              whelp
-    whelps               whelp
-    when                 when
-    whenas               whena
-    whence               whenc
-    whencesoever         whencesoev
-    whene                whene
-    whenever             whenev
-    whensoever           whensoev
-    where                where
-    whereabout           whereabout
-    whereas              wherea
-    whereat              whereat
-    whereby              wherebi
-    wherefore            wherefor
-    wherein              wherein
-    whereinto            whereinto
-    whereof              whereof
-    whereon              whereon
-    whereout             whereout
-    whereso              whereso
-    wheresoe             whereso
-    wheresoever          wheresoev
-    wheresome            wheresom
-    whereto              whereto
-    whereuntil           whereuntil
-    whereunto            whereunto
-    whereupon            whereupon
-    wherever             wherev
-    wherewith            wherewith
-    wherewithal          wherewith
-    whet                 whet
-    whether              whether
-    whetstone            whetston
-    whetted              whet
-    whew                 whew
-    whey                 whei
-    which                which
-    whiff                whiff
-    whiffler             whiffler
-    while                while
-    whiles               while
-    whilst               whilst
-    whin                 whin
-    whine                whine
-    whined               whine
-    whinid               whinid
-    whining              whine
-    whip                 whip
-    whipp                whipp
-    whippers             whipper
-    whipping             whip
-    whips                whip
-    whipster             whipster
-    whipstock            whipstock
-    whipt                whipt
-    whirl                whirl
-    whirled              whirl
-    whirligig            whirligig
-    whirling             whirl
-    whirlpool            whirlpool
-    whirls               whirl
-    whirlwind            whirlwind
-    whirlwinds           whirlwind
-    whisp                whisp
-    whisper              whisper
-    whispering           whisper
-    whisperings          whisper
-    whispers             whisper
-    whist                whist
-    whistle              whistl
-    whistles             whistl
-    whistling            whistl
-    whit                 whit
-    white                white
-    whitehall            whitehal
-    whitely              white
-    whiteness            white
-    whiter               whiter
-    whites               white
-    whitest              whitest
-    whither              whither
-    whiting              white
-    whitmore             whitmor
-    whitsters            whitster
-    whitsun              whitsun
-    whittle              whittl
-    whizzing             whizz
-    who                  who
-    whoa                 whoa
-    whoe                 whoe
-    whoever              whoever
-    whole                whole
-    wholesom             wholesom
-    wholesome            wholesom
-    wholly               wholli
-    whom                 whom
-    whoobub              whoobub
-    whoop                whoop
-    whooping             whoop
-    whor                 whor
-    whore                whore
-    whoremaster          whoremast
-    whoremasterly        whoremasterli
-    whoremonger          whoremong
-    whores               whore
-    whoreson             whoreson
-    whoresons            whoreson
-    whoring              whore
-    whorish              whorish
-    whose                whose
-    whoso                whoso
-    whosoe               whoso
-    whosoever            whosoev
-    why                  why
-    wi                   wi
-    wick                 wick
-    wicked               wick
-    wickednes            wickedn
-    wickedness           wicked
-    wicket               wicket
-    wicky                wicki
-    wid                  wid
-    wide                 wide
-    widens               widen
-    wider                wider
-    widow                widow
-    widowed              widow
-    widower              widow
-    widowhood            widowhood
-    widows               widow
-    wield                wield
-    wife                 wife
-    wight                wight
-    wights               wight
-    wild                 wild
-    wildcats             wildcat
-    wilder               wilder
-    wilderness           wilder
-    wildest              wildest
-    wildfire             wildfir
-    wildly               wildli
-    wildness             wild
-    wilds                wild
-    wiles                wile
-    wilful               wil
-    wilfull              wilful
-    wilfully             wilfulli
-    wilfulnes            wilfuln
-    wilfulness           wil
-    will                 will
-    willed               will
-    willers              willer
-    willeth              willeth
-    william              william
-    williams             william
-    willing              will
-    willingly            willingli
-    willingness          willing
-    willoughby           willoughbi
-    willow               willow
-    wills                will
-    wilt                 wilt
-    wiltshire            wiltshir
-    wimpled              wimpl
-    win                  win
-    wince                winc
-    winch                winch
-    winchester           winchest
-    wincot               wincot
-    wind                 wind
-    winded               wind
-    windgalls            windgal
-    winding              wind
-    windlasses           windlass
-    windmill             windmil
-    window               window
-    windows              window
-    windpipe             windpip
-    winds                wind
-    windsor              windsor
-    windy                windi
-    wine                 wine
-    wing                 wing
-    winged               wing
-    wingfield            wingfield
-    wingham              wingham
-    wings                wing
-    wink                 wink
-    winking              wink
-    winks                wink
-    winner               winner
-    winners              winner
-    winning              win
-    winnow               winnow
-    winnowed             winnow
-    winnows              winnow
-    wins                 win
-    winter               winter
-    winterly             winterli
-    winters              winter
-    wip                  wip
-    wipe                 wipe
-    wiped                wipe
-    wipes                wipe
-    wiping               wipe
-    wire                 wire
-    wires                wire
-    wiry                 wiri
-    wisdom               wisdom
-    wisdoms              wisdom
-    wise                 wise
-    wiselier             wiseli
-    wisely               wise
-    wiser                wiser
-    wisest               wisest
-    wish                 wish
-    wished               wish
-    wisher               wisher
-    wishers              wisher
-    wishes               wish
-    wishest              wishest
-    wisheth              wisheth
-    wishful              wish
-    wishing              wish
-    wishtly              wishtli
-    wisp                 wisp
-    wist                 wist
-    wit                  wit
-    witb                 witb
-    witch                witch
-    witchcraft           witchcraft
-    witches              witch
-    witching             witch
-    with                 with
-    withal               withal
-    withdraw             withdraw
-    withdrawing          withdraw
-    withdrawn            withdrawn
-    withdrew             withdrew
-    wither               wither
-    withered             wither
-    withering            wither
-    withers              wither
-    withheld             withheld
-    withhold             withhold
-    withholds            withhold
-    within               within
-    withold              withold
-    without              without
-    withstand            withstand
-    withstanding         withstand
-    withstood            withstood
-    witless              witless
-    witness              wit
-    witnesses            wit
-    witnesseth           witnesseth
-    witnessing           wit
-    wits                 wit
-    witted               wit
-    wittenberg           wittenberg
-    wittiest             wittiest
-    wittily              wittili
-    witting              wit
-    wittingly            wittingli
-    wittol               wittol
-    wittolly             wittolli
-    witty                witti
-    wiv                  wiv
-    wive                 wive
-    wived                wive
-    wives                wive
-    wiving               wive
-    wizard               wizard
-    wizards              wizard
-    wo                   wo
-    woe                  woe
-    woeful               woeful
-    woefull              woeful
-    woefullest           woefullest
-    woes                 woe
-    woful                woful
-    wolf                 wolf
-    wolfish              wolfish
-    wolsey               wolsei
-    wolves               wolv
-    wolvish              wolvish
-    woman                woman
-    womanhood            womanhood
-    womanish             womanish
-    womankind            womankind
-    womanly              womanli
-    womb                 womb
-    wombs                womb
-    womby                wombi
-    women                women
-    won                  won
-    woncot               woncot
-    wond                 wond
-    wonder               wonder
-    wondered             wonder
-    wonderful            wonder
-    wonderfully          wonderfulli
-    wondering            wonder
-    wonders              wonder
-    wondrous             wondrou
-    wondrously           wondrous
-    wont                 wont
-    wonted               wont
-    woo                  woo
-    wood                 wood
-    woodbine             woodbin
-    woodcock             woodcock
-    woodcocks            woodcock
-    wooden               wooden
-    woodland             woodland
-    woodman              woodman
-    woodmonger           woodmong
-    woods                wood
-    woodstock            woodstock
-    woodville            woodvil
-    wooed                woo
-    wooer                wooer
-    wooers               wooer
-    wooes                wooe
-    woof                 woof
-    wooing               woo
-    wooingly             wooingli
-    wool                 wool
-    woollen              woollen
-    woolly               woolli
-    woolsack             woolsack
-    woolsey              woolsei
-    woolward             woolward
-    woos                 woo
-    wor                  wor
-    worcester            worcest
-    word                 word
-    words                word
-    wore                 wore
-    worins               worin
-    work                 work
-    workers              worker
-    working              work
-    workings             work
-    workman              workman
-    workmanly            workmanli
-    workmanship          workmanship
-    workmen              workmen
-    works                work
-    worky                worki
-    world                world
-    worldlings           worldl
-    worldly              worldli
-    worlds               world
-    worm                 worm
-    worms                worm
-    wormwood             wormwood
-    wormy                wormi
-    worn                 worn
-    worried              worri
-    worries              worri
-    worry                worri
-    worrying             worri
-    worse                wors
-    worser               worser
-    worship              worship
-    worshipful           worship
-    worshipfully         worshipfulli
-    worshipp             worshipp
-    worshipper           worshipp
-    worshippers          worshipp
-    worshippest          worshippest
-    worships             worship
-    worst                worst
-    worsted              worst
-    wort                 wort
-    worth                worth
-    worthied             worthi
-    worthier             worthier
-    worthies             worthi
-    worthiest            worthiest
-    worthily             worthili
-    worthiness           worthi
-    worthless            worthless
-    worths               worth
-    worthy               worthi
-    worts                wort
-    wot                  wot
-    wots                 wot
-    wotting              wot
-    wouid                wouid
-    would                would
-    wouldest             wouldest
-    wouldst              wouldst
-    wound                wound
-    wounded              wound
-    wounding             wound
-    woundings            wound
-    woundless            woundless
-    wounds               wound
-    wouns                woun
-    woven                woven
-    wow                  wow
-    wrack                wrack
-    wrackful             wrack
-    wrangle              wrangl
-    wrangler             wrangler
-    wranglers            wrangler
-    wrangling            wrangl
-    wrap                 wrap
-    wrapp                wrapp
-    wraps                wrap
-    wrapt                wrapt
-    wrath                wrath
-    wrathful             wrath
-    wrathfully           wrathfulli
-    wraths               wrath
-    wreak                wreak
-    wreakful             wreak
-    wreaks               wreak
-    wreath               wreath
-    wreathed             wreath
-    wreathen             wreathen
-    wreaths              wreath
-    wreck                wreck
-    wrecked              wreck
-    wrecks               wreck
-    wren                 wren
-    wrench               wrench
-    wrenching            wrench
-    wrens                wren
-    wrest                wrest
-    wrested              wrest
-    wresting             wrest
-    wrestle              wrestl
-    wrestled             wrestl
-    wrestler             wrestler
-    wrestling            wrestl
-    wretch               wretch
-    wretchcd             wretchcd
-    wretched             wretch
-    wretchedness         wretched
-    wretches             wretch
-    wring                wring
-    wringer              wringer
-    wringing             wring
-    wrings               wring
-    wrinkle              wrinkl
-    wrinkled             wrinkl
-    wrinkles             wrinkl
-    wrist                wrist
-    wrists               wrist
-    writ                 writ
-    write                write
-    writer               writer
-    writers              writer
-    writes               write
-    writhled             writhl
-    writing              write
-    writings             write
-    writs                writ
-    written              written
-    wrong                wrong
-    wronged              wrong
-    wronger              wronger
-    wrongful             wrong
-    wrongfully           wrongfulli
-    wronging             wrong
-    wrongly              wrongli
-    wrongs               wrong
-    wronk                wronk
-    wrote                wrote
-    wroth                wroth
-    wrought              wrought
-    wrung                wrung
-    wry                  wry
-    wrying               wry
-    wt                   wt
-    wul                  wul
-    wye                  wye
-    x                    x
-    xanthippe            xanthipp
-    xi                   xi
-    xii                  xii
-    xiii                 xiii
-    xiv                  xiv
-    xv                   xv
-    y                    y
-    yard                 yard
-    yards                yard
-    yare                 yare
-    yarely               yare
-    yarn                 yarn
-    yaughan              yaughan
-    yaw                  yaw
-    yawn                 yawn
-    yawning              yawn
-    ycleped              yclepe
-    ycliped              yclipe
-    ye                   ye
-    yea                  yea
-    yead                 yead
-    year                 year
-    yearly               yearli
-    yearn                yearn
-    yearns               yearn
-    years                year
-    yeas                 yea
-    yeast                yeast
-    yedward              yedward
-    yell                 yell
-    yellow               yellow
-    yellowed             yellow
-    yellowing            yellow
-    yellowness           yellow
-    yellows              yellow
-    yells                yell
-    yelping              yelp
-    yeoman               yeoman
-    yeomen               yeomen
-    yerk                 yerk
-    yes                  ye
-    yesterday            yesterdai
-    yesterdays           yesterdai
-    yesternight          yesternight
-    yesty                yesti
-    yet                  yet
-    yew                  yew
-    yicld                yicld
-    yield                yield
-    yielded              yield
-    yielder              yielder
-    yielders             yielder
-    yielding             yield
-    yields               yield
-    yok                  yok
-    yoke                 yoke
-    yoked                yoke
-    yokefellow           yokefellow
-    yokes                yoke
-    yoketh               yoketh
-    yon                  yon
-    yond                 yond
-    yonder               yonder
-    yongrey              yongrei
-    yore                 yore
-    yorick               yorick
-    york                 york
-    yorkists             yorkist
-    yorks                york
-    yorkshire            yorkshir
-    you                  you
-    young                young
-    younger              younger
-    youngest             youngest
-    youngling            youngl
-    younglings           youngl
-    youngly              youngli
-    younker              younker
-    your                 your
-    yours                your
-    yourself             yourself
-    yourselves           yourselv
-    youth                youth
-    youthful             youth
-    youths               youth
-    youtli               youtli
-    zanies               zani
-    zany                 zani
-    zeal                 zeal
-    zealous              zealou
-    zeals                zeal
-    zed                  zed
-    zenelophon           zenelophon
-    zenith               zenith
-    zephyrs              zephyr
-    zir                  zir
-    zo                   zo
-    zodiac               zodiac
-    zodiacs              zodiac
-    zone                 zone
-    zounds               zound
-    zwagger              zwagger
-}                         
-
-# Create a full-text index to use for testing the stemmer.
-#
-db close
-sqlite3 db :memory:
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts1(word, tokenize Porter);
-}
-
-foreach {pfrom pto} $porter_test_data {
-  do_test fts1porter-$pfrom {
-    execsql {
-      DELETE FROM t1_term;
-      DELETE FROM t1_content;
-      INSERT INTO t1(word) VALUES($pfrom);
-      SELECT term FROM t1_term;
-    }
-  } $pto
-}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2.test b/sqlite/test/fts2.test
deleted file mode 100644
index b1e29593..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# 2008 July 22
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#***********************************************************************
-# This file runs all tests.
-#
-# $Id: fts2.test,v 1.2 2008/07/23 18:17:32 drh Exp $
-
-proc lshift {lvar} {
-  upvar $lvar l
-  set ret [lindex $l 0]
-  set l [lrange $l 1 end]
-  return $ret
-}
-while {[set arg [lshift argv]] != ""} {
-  switch -- $arg {
-    -sharedpagercache {
-      sqlite3_enable_shared_cache 1
-    }
-    -soak {
-       set G(issoak) 1
-    }
-    default {
-      set argv [linsert $argv 0 $arg]
-      break
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  return
-}
-rename finish_test really_finish_test
-proc finish_test {} {}
-set G(isquick) 1
-
-set EXCLUDE {
-  fts2.test
-}
-
-# Files to include in the test.  If this list is empty then everything
-# that is not in the EXCLUDE list is run.
-#
-set INCLUDE {
-}
-
-foreach testfile [lsort -dictionary [glob $testdir/fts2*.test]] {
-  set tail [file tail $testfile]
-  if {[lsearch -exact $EXCLUDE $tail]>=0} continue
-  if {[llength $INCLUDE]>0 && [lsearch -exact $INCLUDE $tail]<0} continue
-  source $testfile
-  catch {db close}
-  if {$sqlite_open_file_count>0} {
-    puts "$tail did not close all files: $sqlite_open_file_count"
-    fail_test $tail
-    set sqlite_open_file_count 0
-  }
-}
-
-set sqlite_open_file_count 0
-really_finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2a.test b/sqlite/test/fts2a.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 2d1566fc..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2a.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 September 9
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2a.test,v 1.2 2007/05/21 21:59:18 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing five keywords:
-# one, two, three, four, and five, in various combinations.  The
-# rowid for each will be a bitmask for the elements it contains.
-#
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('three four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one three four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('two three four five');
-  INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('one two three four five');
-}
-
-do_test fts2a-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two'}
-} {3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two one'}
-} {3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two three'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one three two'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two three one'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two one three'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three one two'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three two one'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.10 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two THREE'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-1.11 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '  ONE    Two   three  '}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-
-do_test fts2a-2.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one"'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2a-2.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two"'}
-} {3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31}
-do_test fts2a-2.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"two one"'}
-} {}
-do_test fts2a-2.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two three"'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2a-2.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three two"'}
-} {}
-do_test fts2a-2.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two three four"'}
-} {15 31}
-do_test fts2a-2.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three two four"'}
-} {}
-do_test fts2a-2.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three five"'}
-} {21}
-do_test fts2a-2.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three" five'}
-} {21 29}
-do_test fts2a-2.10 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five "one three"'}
-} {21 29}
-do_test fts2a-2.11 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five "one three" four'}
-} {29}
-do_test fts2a-2.12 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five four "one three"'}
-} {29}
-do_test fts2a-2.13 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one three" four five'}
-} {29}
-
-do_test fts2a-3.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2a-3.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one -two'}
-} {1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29}
-do_test fts2a-3.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '-two one'}
-} {1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29}
-
-do_test fts2a-4.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one OR two'}
-} {1 2 3 5 6 7 9 10 11 13 14 15 17 18 19 21 22 23 25 26 27 29 30 31}
-do_test fts2a-4.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH '"one two" OR three'}
-} {3 4 5 6 7 11 12 13 14 15 19 20 21 22 23 27 28 29 30 31}
-do_test fts2a-4.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three OR "one two"'}
-} {3 4 5 6 7 11 12 13 14 15 19 20 21 22 23 27 28 29 30 31}
-do_test fts2a-4.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two OR three'}
-} {3 5 7 11 13 15 19 21 23 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2a-4.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three OR two one'}
-} {3 5 7 11 13 15 19 21 23 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2a-4.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one two OR three OR four'}
-} {3 5 7 9 11 13 15 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2a-4.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two OR three OR four one'}
-} {3 5 7 9 11 13 15 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-
-# Test the ability to handle NULL content
-#
-do_test fts2a-5.1 {
-  execsql {INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES(NULL)}
-} {}
-do_test fts2a-5.2 {
-  set rowid [db last_insert_rowid]
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid=$rowid}
-} {{}}
-do_test fts2a-5.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH NULL}
-} {}
-
-# Test the ability to handle non-positive rowids
-#
-do_test fts2a-6.0 {
-  execsql {INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) VALUES(0, 'four five')}
-} {}
-do_test fts2a-6.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 0}
-} {{four five}}
-do_test fts2a-6.2 {
-  execsql {INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) VALUES(-1, 'three four')}
-} {}
-do_test fts2a-6.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = -1}
-} {{three four}}
-do_test fts2a-6.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'four'}
-} {-1 0 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2b.test b/sqlite/test/fts2b.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 169cd8a0..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2b.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 September 13
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2b.test,v 1.1 2006/10/19 23:36:26 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Fill the full-text index "t1" with phrases in english, spanish,
-# and german.  For the i-th row, fill in the names for the bits
-# that are set in the value of i.  The least significant bit is
-# 1.  For example,  the value 5 is 101 in binary which will be
-# converted to "one three" in english.
-#
-proc fill_multilanguage_fulltext_t1 {} {
-  set english {one two three four five}
-  set spanish {un dos tres cuatro cinco}
-  set german {eine zwei drei vier funf}
-  
-  for {set i 1} {$i<=31} {incr i} {
-    set cmd "INSERT INTO t1 VALUES"
-    set vset {}
-    foreach lang {english spanish german} {
-      set words {}
-      for {set j 0; set k 1} {$j<5} {incr j; incr k $k} {
-        if {$k&$i} {lappend words [lindex [set $lang] $j]}
-      }
-      lappend vset "'$words'"
-    }
-    set sql "INSERT INTO t1(english,spanish,german) VALUES([join $vset ,])"
-    # puts $sql
-    db eval $sql
-  }
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing five keywords:
-# one, two, three, four, and five, in various combinations.  The
-# rowid for each will be a bitmask for the elements it contains.
-#
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(english,spanish,german);
-}
-fill_multilanguage_fulltext_t1
-
-do_test fts2b-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE english MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2b-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE spanish MATCH 'one'}
-} {}
-do_test fts2b-1.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE german MATCH 'one'}
-} {}
-do_test fts2b-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31}
-do_test fts2b-1.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'one dos drei'}
-} {7 15 23 31}
-do_test fts2b-1.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT english, spanish, german FROM t1 WHERE rowid=1}
-} {one un eine}
-do_test fts2b-1.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '"one un"'}
-} {}
-
-do_test fts2b-2.1 {
-  execsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts2(from,to);
-    INSERT INTO t2([from],[to]) VALUES ('one two three', 'four five six');
-    SELECT [from], [to] FROM t2
-  }
-} {{one two three} {four five six}}
-
-
-# Compute an SQL string that contains the words one, two, three,... to
-# describe bits set in the value $i.  Only the lower 5 bits are examined.
-#
-proc wordset {i} {
-  set x {}
-  for {set j 0; set k 1} {$j<5} {incr j; incr k $k} {
-    if {$k&$i} {lappend x [lindex {one two three four five} $j]}
-  }
-  return '$x'
-}
-
-# Create a new FTS table with three columns:
-#
-#    norm:      words for the bits of rowid
-#    plusone:   words for the bits of rowid+1
-#    invert:    words for the bits of ~rowid
-#
-db eval {
-   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts2([norm],'plusone',"invert");
-}
-for {set i 1} {$i<=15} {incr i} {
-  set vset [list [wordset $i] [wordset [expr {$i+1}]] [wordset [expr {~$i}]]]
-  db eval "INSERT INTO t4(norm,plusone,invert) VALUES([join $vset ,]);"
-}
-
-do_test fts2b-4.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'norm:one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-do_test fts2b-4.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE norm MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-do_test fts2b-4.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15}
-do_test fts2b-4.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'plusone:one'}
-} {2 4 6 8 10 12 14}
-do_test fts2b-4.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE plusone MATCH 'one'}
-} {2 4 6 8 10 12 14}
-do_test fts2b-4.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'norm:one plusone:two'}
-} {1 5 9 13}
-do_test fts2b-4.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'norm:one two'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-do_test fts2b-4.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'plusone:two norm:one'}
-} {1 5 9 13}
-do_test fts2b-4.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'two norm:one'}
-} {1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15}
-
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2c.test b/sqlite/test/fts2c.test
deleted file mode 100644
index cc6c9bbb..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2c.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1213 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 September 14
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2c.test,v 1.1 2006/10/19 23:36:26 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Create a table of sample email data.   The data comes from email
-# archives of Enron executives that was published as part of the
-# litigation against that company.
-#
-do_test fts2c-1.1 {
-  db eval {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE email USING fts2([from],[to],subject,body);
-    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('savita.puthigai@enron.com', 'traders.eol@enron.com, traders.eol@enron.com', 'EnronOnline- Change to Autohedge', 'Effective Monday, October 22, 2001 the following changes will be made to the Autohedge functionality on EnronOnline.
-
-The volume on the hedge will now respect the minimum volume and volume increment settings on the parent product. See rules below: 
-
-?	If the transaction volume on the child is less than half of the parent''s minimum volume no hedge will occur.
-?	If the transaction volume on the child is more than half the parent''s minimum volume but less than half the volume increment on the parent, the hedge will volume will be the parent''s minimum volume.
-?	For all other volumes, the same rounding rules will apply based on the volume increment on the parent product.
-
-Please see example below:
-
-Parent''s Settings:
-Minimum: 	5000
-Increment:  1000
-
-Volume on Autohedge transaction			Volume Hedged
-1      - 2499							0
-2500 - 5499							5000
-5500 - 6499							6000');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('dana.davis@enron.com', 'laynie.east@enron.com, lisa.king@enron.com, lisa.best@enron.com,', 'Leaving Early', 'FYI:  
-If it''s ok with everyone''s needs, I would like to leave @4pm. If you think 
-you will need my assistance past the 4 o''clock hour just let me know;  I''ll 
-be more than willing to stay.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron_update@concureworkplace.com', 'louise.kitchen@enron.com', '<<Concur Expense Document>> - CC02.06.02', 'The following expense report is ready for approval:
-
-Employee Name: Christopher F. Calger
-Status last changed by: Mollie E. Gustafson Ms
-Expense Report Name: CC02.06.02
-Report Total: $3,972.93
-Amount Due Employee: $3,972.93
-
-
-To approve this expense report, click on the following link for Concur Expense.
-http://expensexms.enron.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('jeff.duff@enron.com', 'julie.johnson@enron.com', 'Work request', 'Julie,
-
-Could you print off the current work request report by 1:30 today?
-
-Gentlemen,
-
-I''d like to review this today at 1:30 in our office.  Also, could you provide 
-me with your activity reports so I can have Julie enter this information.
-
-JD');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('v.weldon@enron.com', 'gary.l.carrier@usa.dupont.com, scott.joyce@bankofamerica.com', 'Enron News', 'This could turn into something big.... 
-http://biz.yahoo.com/rf/010129/n29305829.html');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mark.haedicke@enron.com', 'paul.simons@enron.com', 'Re: First Polish Deal!', 'Congrats!  Things seem to be building rapidly now on the Continent.  Mark');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('e..carter@enron.com', 't..robinson@enron.com', 'FW: Producers Newsletter 9-24-2001', '
-The producer lumber pricing sheet.
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Johnson, Jay  
-Sent:	Tuesday, October 16, 2001 3:42 PM
-To:	Carter, Karen E.
-Subject:	FW: Producers Newsletter 9-24-2001
-
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Daigre, Sergai  
-Sent:	Friday, September 21, 2001 8:33 PM
-Subject:	Producers Newsletter 9-24-2001
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('david.delainey@enron.com', 'kenneth.lay@enron.com', 'Greater Houston Partnership', 'Ken, in response to the letter from Mr Miguel San Juan, my suggestion would 
-be to offer up the Falcon for their use; however, given the tight time frame 
-and your recent visit with Mr. Fox that it would be difficult for either you 
-or me to participate.
-
-I spoke to Max and he agrees with this approach.
-
-I hope this meets with your approval.
-
-Regards
-Delainey');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('lachandra.fenceroy@enron.com', 'lindy.donoho@enron.com', 'FW: Bus Applications Meeting Follow Up', 'Lindy,
-
-Here is the original memo we discussed earlier.  Please provide any information that you may have.
-
-Your cooperation is greatly appreciated.
-
-Thanks,
-
-lachandra.fenceroy@enron.com
-713.853.3884
-877.498.3401 Pager
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Bisbee, Joanne  
-Sent:	Wednesday, September 26, 2001 7:50 AM
-To:	Fenceroy, LaChandra
-Subject:	FW: Bus Applications Meeting Follow Up
-
-Lachandra, Please get with David Duff today and see what this is about.  Who are our TW accounting business users?
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Koh, Wendy  
-Sent:	Tuesday, September 25, 2001 2:41 PM
-To:	Bisbee, Joanne
-Subject:	Bus Applications Meeting Follow Up
-
-Lisa brought up a TW change effective Nov 1.  It involves eliminating a turnback surcharge.  I have no other information, but you might check with the business folks for any system changes required.
-
-Wendy');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('danny.mccarty@enron.com', 'fran.fagan@enron.com', 'RE: worksheets', 'Fran,
-    If Julie''s merit needs to be lump sum, just move it over to that column.  Also, send me Eric Gadd''s sheets as well.  Thanks.
-Dan
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Fagan, Fran  
-Sent:	Thursday, December 20, 2001 11:10 AM
-To:	McCarty, Danny
-Subject:	worksheets
-
-As discussed, attached are your sheets for bonus and merit.
-
-Thanks,
-
-Fran Fagan
-Sr. HR Rep
-713.853.5219
-
-
- << File: McCartyMerit.xls >>  << File: mccartyBonusCommercial_UnP.xls >> 
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('bert.meyers@enron.com', 'shift.dl-portland@enron.com', 'OCTOBER SCHEDULE', 'TEAM,
-
-PLEASE SEND ME ANY REQUESTS THAT YOU HAVE FOR OCTOBER.  SO FAR I HAVE THEM FOR LEAF.  I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE IT DONE BY THE 15TH OF THE MONTH.  ANY QUESTIONS PLEASE GIVE ME A CALL.
-
-BERT');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('errol.mclaughlin@enron.com', 'john.arnold@enron.com, bilal.bajwa@enron.com, john.griffith@enron.com,', 'TRV Notification:  (NG - PROPT P/L - 09/27/2001)', 'The report named: NG - PROPT P/L <http://trv.corp.enron.com/linkFromExcel.asp?report_cd=11&report_name=NG+-+PROPT+P/L&category_cd=5&category_name=FINANCIAL&toc_hide=1&sTV1=5&TV1Exp=Y&current_efct_date=09/27/2001>, published as of 09/27/2001 is now available for viewing on the website.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('patrice.mims@enron.com', 'calvin.eakins@enron.com', 'Re: Small business supply assistance', 'Hi Calvin
-
-
-I spoke with Rickey (boy, is he long-winded!!).  Gave him the name of our 
-credit guy, Russell Diamond.
-
-Thank for your help!');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('legal <.hall@enron.com>', 'stephanie.panus@enron.com', 'Termination update', 'City of Vernon and Salt River Project terminated their contracts.  I will fax these notices to you.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('d..steffes@enron.com', 'richard.shapiro@enron.com', 'EES / ENA Government Affairs Staffing & Outside Services', 'Rick --
-
-Here is the information on staffing and outside services.  Call if you need anything else.
-
-Jim
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('gelliott@industrialinfo.com', 'pcopello@industrialinfo.com', 'ECAAR (Gavin), WSCC (Diablo Canyon), & NPCC (Seabrook)', 'Dear Power Outage Database Customer, 
-Attached you will find an excel document. The outages contained within are forced or rescheduled outages. Your daily delivery will still contain these outages. 
-In addition to the two excel documents, there is a dbf file that is formatted like your daily deliveries you receive nightly. This will enable you to load the data into your regular database. Any questions please let me know. Thanks. 
-Greg Elliott 
-IIR, Inc. 
-713-783-5147 x 3481 
-outages@industrialinfo.com 
-THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS E-MAIL IS LEGALLY PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION INTENDED ONLY FOR THE USE OF THE INDIVIDUAL OR ENTITY NAMED ABOVE.  YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT ANY DISSEMINATION, DISTRIBUTION, OR COPY OF THIS E-MAIL TO UNAUTHORIZED ENTITIES IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED THIS 
-E-MAIL IN ERROR, PLEASE DELETE IT.
- - OUTAGE.dbf 
- - 111201R.xls 
- - 111201.xls ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron.announcements@enron.com', 'all_ena_egm_eim@enron.com', 'EWS Brown Bag', 'MARK YOUR LUNCH CALENDARS NOW !
-
-You are invited to attend the EWS Brown Bag Lunch Series
-
-Featuring:   RAY BOWEN, COO
-
-Topic:  Enron Industrial Markets
-
-Thursday, March 15, 2001
-11:30 am - 12:30 pm
-EB 5 C2
-
-
-You bring your lunch,           Limited Seating
-We provide drinks and dessert.          RSVP  x 3-9610');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('chris.germany@enron.com', 'ingrid.immer@williams.com', 'Re: About St Pauls', 'Sounds good to me.  I bet this is next to the Warick?? Hotel.
-
-
-
-
-"Immer, Ingrid" <Ingrid.Immer@Williams.com> on 12/21/2000 11:48:47 AM
-To: "''chris.germany@enron.com''" <chris.germany@enron.com>
-cc:  
-Subject: About St Pauls
-
-
-
-
- <<About St Pauls.url>>  
-? 
-?http://www.stpaulshouston.org/about.html 
-
-Chris, 
-
-I like the looks of this place.? What do you think about going here Christmas 
-eve?? They have an 11:00 a.m. service and a candlelight service at 5:00 p.m., 
-among others.
-
-Let me know.?? ii 
-
- - About St Pauls.url
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('nas@cpuc.ca.gov', 'skatz@sempratrading.com, kmccrea@sablaw.com, thompson@wrightlaw.com,', 'Reply Brief filed July 31, 2000', ' - CPUC01-#76371-v1-Revised_Reply_Brief__Due_today_7_31_.doc');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('gascontrol@aglresources.com', 'dscott4@enron.com, lcampbel@enron.com', 'Alert Posted 10:00 AM November 20,2000: E-GAS Request Reminder', 'Alert Posted 10:00 AM November 20,2000: E-GAS Request Reminder
-As discussed in the Winter Operations Meeting on Sept.29,2000, 
-E-Gas(Emergency Gas) will not be offered this winter as a service from AGLC.  
-Marketers and Poolers can receive gas via Peaking and IBSS nominations(daisy 
-chain) from other marketers up to the 6 p.m. Same Day 2 nomination cycle.
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('dutch.quigley@enron.com', 'rwolkwitz@powermerchants.com', '', ' 
-
-Here is a goody for you');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('ryan.o''rourke@enron.com', 'k..allen@enron.com, randy.bhatia@enron.com, frank.ermis@enron.com,', 'TRV Notification:  (West VaR - 11/07/2001)', 'The report named: West VaR <http://trv.corp.enron.com/linkFromExcel.asp?report_cd=36&report_name=West+VaR&category_cd=2&category_name=WEST&toc_hide=1&sTV1=2&TV1Exp=Y&current_efct_date=11/07/2001>, published as of 11/07/2001 is now available for viewing on the website.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mjones7@txu.com', 'cstone1@txu.com, ggreen2@txu.com, timpowell@txu.com,', 'Enron / HPL Actuals for July 10, 2000', 'Teco Tap       10.000 / Enron ; 110.000 / HPL IFERC
-
-LS HPL LSK IC       30.000 / Enron
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('susan.pereira@enron.com', 'kkw816@aol.com', 'soccer practice', 'Kathy-
-
-Is it safe to assume that practice is cancelled for tonight??
-
-Susan Pereira');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mark.whitt@enron.com', 'barry.tycholiz@enron.com', 'Huber Internal Memo', 'Please look at this.  I didn''t know how deep to go with the desk.  Do you think this works.
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('m..forney@enron.com', 'george.phillips@enron.com', '', 'George,
-Give me a call and we will further discuss opportunities on the 13st floor.
-
-Thanks,
-JMForney
-3-7160');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('brad.mckay@enron.com', 'angusmcka@aol.com', 'Re: (no subject)', 'not yet');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('adam.bayer@enron.com', 'jonathan.mckay@enron.com', 'FW: Curve Fetch File', 'Here is the curve fetch file sent to me.  It has plenty of points in it.  If you give me a list of which ones you need we may be able to construct a secondary worksheet to vlookup the values.
-
-adam
-35227
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Royed, Jeff  
-Sent:	Tuesday, September 25, 2001 11:37 AM
-To:	Bayer, Adam
-Subject:	Curve Fetch File
-
-Let me know if it works.   It may be required to have a certain version of Oracle for it to work properly.
-
- 
-
-Jeff Royed
-Enron 
-Energy Operations
-Phone: 713-853-5295');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('matt.smith@enron.com', 'yan.wang@enron.com', 'Report Formats', 'Yan,
-
-The merged reports look great.  I believe the only orientation changes are to 
-"unmerge" the following six reports:  
-
-31 Keystone Receipts
-15 Questar Pipeline
-40 Rockies Production
-22 West_2
-23 West_3
-25 CIG_WIC
-
-The orientation of the individual reports should be correct.  Thanks.
-
-Mat
-
-PS.  Just a reminder to add the "*" by the title of calculated points.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('michelle.lokay@enron.com', 'jimboman@bigfoot.com', 'Egyptian Festival', '---------------------- Forwarded by Michelle Lokay/ET&S/Enron on 09/07/2000 
-10:08 AM ---------------------------
-
-
-"Karkour, Randa" <Randa.Karkour@COMPAQ.com> on 09/07/2000 09:01:04 AM
-To: "''Agheb (E-mail)" <Agheb@aol.com>, "Leila Mankarious (E-mail)" 
-<Leila_Mankarious@mhhs.org>, "''Marymankarious (E-mail)" 
-<marymankarious@aol.com>, "Michelle lokay (E-mail)" <mlokay@enron.com>, "Ramy 
-Mankarious (E-mail)" <Mankarious@aol.com>
-cc:  
-
-Subject: Egyptian Festival
-
-
- <<Egyptian Festival.url>>
-
- http://www.egyptianfestival.com/
-
- - Egyptian Festival.url
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('errol.mclaughlin@enron.com', 'sherry.dawson@enron.com', 'Urgent!!! --- New EAST books', 'This has to be done..................................
-
-Thanks
----------------------- Forwarded by Errol McLaughlin/Corp/Enron on 12/20/2000 
-08:39 AM ---------------------------
-   
-	
-	
-	From:  William Kelly @ ECT                           12/20/2000 08:31 AM
-	
-
-To: Kam Keiser/HOU/ECT@ECT, Darron C Giron/HOU/ECT@ECT, David 
-Baumbach/HOU/ECT@ECT, Errol McLaughlin/Corp/Enron@ENRON
-cc: Kimat Singla/HOU/ECT@ECT, Kulvinder Fowler/NA/Enron@ENRON, Kyle R 
-Lilly/HOU/ECT@ECT, Jeff Royed/Corp/Enron@ENRON, Alejandra 
-Chavez/NA/Enron@ENRON, Crystal Hyde/HOU/ECT@ECT 
-
-Subject: New EAST books
-
-We have new book names in TAGG for our intramonth portfolios and it is 
-extremely important that any deal booked to the East is communicated quickly 
-to someone on my team.  I know it will take some time for the new names to 
-sink in and I do not want us to miss any positions or P&L.  
-
-Thanks for your help on this.
-
-New:
-Scott Neal :         East Northeast
-Dick Jenkins:     East Marketeast
-
-WK 
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('david.forster@enron.com', 'eol.wide@enron.com', 'Change to Stack Manager', 'Effective immediately, there is a change to the Stack Manager which will 
-affect any Inactive Child.
-
-An inactive Child with links to Parent products will not have their 
-calculated prices updated until the Child product is Activated.
-
-When the Child Product is activated, the price will be recalculated and 
-updated BEFORE it is displayed on the web.
-
-This means that if you are inputting a basis price on a Child product, you 
-will not see the final, calculated price until you Activate the product, at 
-which time the customer will also see it.
-
-If you have any questions, please contact the Help Desk on:
-
-Americas: 713 853 4357
-Europe: + 44 (0) 20 7783 7783
-Asia/Australia: +61 2 9229 2300
-
-Dave');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('vince.kaminski@enron.com', 'jhh1@email.msn.com', 'Re: Light reading - see pieces beginning on page 7', 'John,
-
-I saw it. Very interesting.
-
-Vince
-
-
-
-
-
-"John H Herbert" <jhh1@email.msn.com> on 07/28/2000 08:38:08 AM
-To: "Vince J Kaminski" <Vince_J_Kaminski@enron.com>
-cc:  
-Subject: Light reading - see pieces beginning on page 7
-
-
-Cheers and have a nice weekend,
-
-
-JHHerbert
-
-
-
-
- - gd000728.pdf
-
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('matthew.lenhart@enron.com', 'mmmarcantel@equiva.com', 'RE:', 'i will try to line up a pig for you ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('jae.black@enron.com', 'claudette.harvey@enron.com, chaun.roberts@enron.com, judy.martinez@enron.com,', 'Disaster Recovery Equipment', 'As a reminder...there are several pieces of equipment that are set up on the 30th Floor, as well as on our floor, for the Disaster Recovery Team.  PLEASE DO NOT TAKE, BORROW OR USE this equipment.  Should you need to use another computer system, other than yours, or make conference calls please work with your Assistant to help find or set up equipment for you to use.
-
-Thanks for your understanding in this matter.
-
-T.Jae Black
-East Power Trading
-Assistant to Kevin Presto
-off. 713-853-5800
-fax 713-646-8272
-cell 713-539-4760');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('eric.bass@enron.com', 'dale.neuner@enron.com', '5 X 24', 'Dale,
-
-Have you heard anything more on the 5 X 24s?  We would like to get this 
-product out ASAP.
-
-
-Thanks,
-
-Eric');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('messenger@smartreminders.com', 'm..tholt@enron.com', '10% Coupon - PrintPal Printer Cartridges - 100% Guaranteed', '[IMAGE]
-[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] 
-Dear  SmartReminders Member,
-       [IMAGE]         [IMAGE]        [IMAGE]     [IMAGE]    [IMAGE]    [IMAGE]        [IMAGE]      [IMAGE]     	
-
-
-  
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-
-We respect  your privacy and are a Certified Participant of the BBBOnLine
- Privacy Program.  To be removed from future offers,click  here. 
-SmartReminders.com  is a permission based service. To unsubscribe click  here .  ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('benjamin.rogers@enron.com', 'mark.bernstein@enron.com', '', 'The guy you are talking about left CIN under a "cloud of suspicion" sort of 
-speak.  He was the one who got into several bad deals and PPA''s in California 
-for CIN, thus he left on a bad note.  Let me know if you need more detail 
-than that, I felt this was the type of info you were looking for.  Thanks!
-Ben');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron_update@concureworkplace.com', 'michelle.cash@enron.com', 'Expense Report Receipts Not Received', 'Employee Name: Michelle Cash
-Report Name:   Houston Cellular 8-11-01
-Report Date:   12/13/01
-Report ID:     594D37C9ED2111D5B452
-Submitted On:  12/13/01
-
-You are only allowed 2 reports with receipts outstanding.  Your expense reports will not be paid until you meet this requirement.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('susan.mara@enron.com', 'ray.alvarez@enron.com, mark.palmer@enron.com, karen.denne@enron.com,', 'CAISO Emergency Motion -- to discontinue market-based rates for', 'FYI.  the latest broadside against the generators.
-
-Sue Mara
-Enron Corp.
-Tel: (415) 782-7802
-Fax:(415) 782-7854
------ Forwarded by Susan J Mara/NA/Enron on 06/08/2001 12:24 PM -----
-
-
-	"Milner, Marcie" <MMilner@coral-energy.com> 06/08/2001 11:13 AM 	   To: "''smara@enron.com''" <smara@enron.com>  cc:   Subject: CAISO Emergency Motion	
-
-
-Sue, did you see this emergency motion the CAISO filed today?  Apparently
-they are requesting that FERC discontinue market-based rates immediately and
-grant refunds plus interest on the difference between cost-based rates and
-market revenues received back to May 2000.  They are requesting the
-commission act within 14 days.  Have you heard anything about what they are
-doing?
-
-Marcie
-
-http://www.caiso.com/docs/2001/06/08/200106081005526469.pdf 
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('fletcher.sturm@enron.com', 'eloy.escobar@enron.com', 'Re: General Brinks Position Meeting', 'Eloy,
-
-Who is General Brinks?
-
-Fletch');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('nailia.dindarova@enron.com', 'richard.shapiro@enron.com', 'Documents for Mark Frevert (on EU developments and lessons from', 'Rick,
-
-Here are the documents that Peter has prepared for Mark Frevert. 
-
-Nailia
----------------------- Forwarded by Nailia Dindarova/LON/ECT on 25/06/2001 
-16:36 ---------------------------
-
-
-Nailia Dindarova
-25/06/2001 15:36
-To: Michael Brown/Enron@EUEnronXGate
-cc: Ross Sankey/Enron@EUEnronXGate, Eric Shaw/ENRON@EUEnronXGate, Peter 
-Styles/LON/ECT@ECT 
-
-Subject: Documents for Mark Frevert (on EU developments and lessons from 
-California)
-
-Michael,
-
-
-These are the documents that Peter promised to give to you for Mark Frevert. 
-He has now handed them to him in person but asked me to transmit them 
-electronically to you, as well as Eric and Ross.
-
-Nailia
-
-
-
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('peggy.a.kostial@accenture.com', 'dave.samuels@enron.com', 'EOL-Accenture Deal Sheet', 'Dave -
-
-Attached are our comments and suggested changes. Please call to review.
-
-On the time line for completion, we have four critical steps to complete:
-     Finalize market analysis to refine business case, specifically
-     projected revenue stream
-     Complete counterparty surveying, including targeting 3 CPs for letters
-     of intent
-     Review Enron asset base for potential reuse/ licensing
-     Contract negotiations
-
-Joe will come back to us with an updated time line, but it is my
-expectation that we are still on the same schedule (we just begun week
-three) with possibly a week or so slippage.....contract negotiations will
-probably be the critical path.
-
-We will send our cut at the actual time line here shortly. Thanks,
-
-Peggy
-
-(See attached file: accenture-dealpoints v2.doc)
- - accenture-dealpoints v2.doc ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('thomas.martin@enron.com', 'thomas.martin@enron.com', 'Re: Guadalupe Power Partners LP', '---------------------- Forwarded by Thomas A Martin/HOU/ECT on 03/20/2001 
-03:49 PM ---------------------------
-
-
-Thomas A Martin
-10/11/2000 03:55 PM
-To: Patrick Wade/HOU/ECT@ECT
-cc:  
-Subject: Re: Guadalupe Power Partners LP  
-
-The deal is physically served at Oasis Waha or Oasis Katy and is priced at 
-either HSC, Waha or Katytailgate GD at buyers option three days prior to 
-NYMEX  close.
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('judy.townsend@enron.com', 'dan.junek@enron.com, chris.germany@enron.com', 'Columbia Distribution''s Capacity Available for Release - Sum', '---------------------- Forwarded by Judy Townsend/HOU/ECT on 03/09/2001 11:04 
-AM ---------------------------
-
-
-agoddard@nisource.com on 03/08/2001 09:16:57 AM
-To: "        -         *Koch, Kent" <kkoch@nisource.com>, "        -         
-*Millar, Debra" <dmillar@nisource.com>, "        -         *Burke, Lynn" 
-<lburke@nisource.com>
-cc: "        -         *Heckathorn, Tom" <theckathorn@nisource.com> 
-Subject: Columbia Distribution''s Capacity Available for Release - Sum
-
-
-Attached is Columbia Distribution''s notice of capacity available for release
-for
-the summer of 2001 (Apr. 2001 through Oct. 2001).
-
-Please note that the deadline for bids is 3:00pm EST on March 20, 2001.
-
-If you have any questions, feel free to contact any of the representatives
-listed
-at the bottom of the attachment.
-
-Aaron Goddard
-
-
-
-
- - 2001Summer.doc
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('rhonda.denton@enron.com', 'tim.belden@enron.com, dana.davis@enron.com, genia.fitzgerald@enron.com,', 'Split Rock Energy LLC', 'We have received the executed EEI contract from this CP dated 12/12/2000.  
-Copies will be distributed to Legal and Credit.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kerrymcelroy@dwt.com', 'jack.speer@alcoa.com, crow@millernash.com, michaelearly@earthlink.net,', 'Oral Argument Request', ' - Oral Argument Request.doc');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mike.carson@enron.com', 'rlmichaelis@hormel.com', '', 'Did you come in town this wk end..... My new number at our house is : 
-713-668-3712...... my cell # is 281-381-7332
-
-the kid');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('cooper.richey@enron.com', 'trycooper@hotmail.com', 'FW: Contact Info', '
-
------Original Message-----
-From: Punja, Karim 
-Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 2:35 PM
-To: Richey, Cooper
-Subject: Contact Info
-
-
-Cooper,
-
-Its been a real pleasure working with you (even though it was for only a small amount of time)
-I hope we can stay in touch.
-
-Home# 234-0249
-email: kpunja@hotmail.com
-
-Take Care, 
-
-Karim.
-  ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('bjm30@earthlink.net', 'mcguinn.k@enron.com, mcguinn.ian@enron.com, mcguinn.stephen@enron.com,', 'email address change', 'Hello all.
-
-I haven''t talked to many of you via email recently but I do want to give you
-my new address for your email file:
-
-    bjm30@earthlink.net
-
-I hope all is well.
-
-Brian McGuinn');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('shelley.corman@enron.com', 'steve.hotte@enron.com', 'Flat Panels', 'Can you please advise what is going on with the flat panels that we had planned to distribute to our gas logistics team.  It was in the budget and we had the okay, but now I''m hearing there is some hold-up & the units are stored on 44.
-
-Shelley');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('sara.davidson@enron.com', 'john.schwartzenburg@enron.com, scott.dieball@enron.com, recipients@enron.com,', '2001 Enron Law Conference (Distribution List 2)', '    Enron Law Conference
-
-San Antonio, Texas    May 2-4, 2001    Westin Riverwalk
-
-                   See attached memo for more details!!
-
-
-? Registration for the law conference this year will be handled through an 
-Online RSVP Form on the Enron Law Conference Website at 
-http://lawconference.corp.enron.com.  The website is still under construction 
-and will not be available until Thursday, March 15, 2001.  
-
-? We will send you another e-mail to confirm when the Law Conference Website 
-is operational. 
-
-? Please complete the Online RSVP Form as soon as it is available  and submit 
-it no later than Friday, March 30th.  
-
-
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('tori.kuykendall@enron.com', 'heath.b.taylor@accenture.com', 'Re:', 'hey - thats funny about john - he definitely remembers him - i''ll call pat 
-and let him know - we are coming on saturday - i just havent had a chance to 
-call you guys back --  looking forward to it -- i probably need the 
-directions again though');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('darron.giron@enron.com', 'bryce.baxter@enron.com', 'Re: Feedback for Audrey Cook', 'Bryce,
-
-I''ll get it done today.  
-
-DG    3-9573
-
-
-   
-	
-	
-	From:  Bryce Baxter                           06/12/2000 07:15 PM
-	
-
-To: Darron C Giron/HOU/ECT@ECT
-cc:  
-Subject: Feedback for Audrey Cook
-
-You were identified as a reviewer for Audrey Cook.  If possible, could you 
-complete her feedback by end of business Wednesday?  It will really help me 
-in the PRC process to have your input.  Thanks.
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('casey.evans@enron.com', 'stephanie.sever@enron.com', 'Gas EOL ID', 'Stephanie,
-
-In conjunction with the recent movement of several power traders, they are changing the names of their gas books as well.  The names of the new gas books and traders are as follows:
-
-PWR-NG-LT-SPP:  Mike Carson
-PWR-NG-LT-SERC:  Jeff King
-
-If you need to know their power desk to map their ID to their gas books, those desks are as follows:
-
-EPMI-LT-SPP:  Mike Carson
-EPMI-LT-SERC:  Jeff King
-
-I will be in training this afternoon, but will be back when class is over.  Let me know if you have any questions.
-
-Thanks for your help!
-Casey');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('darrell.schoolcraft@enron.com', 'david.roensch@enron.com, kimberly.watson@enron.com, michelle.lokay@enron.com,', 'Postings', 'Please see the attached.
-
-
-ds
-
-
-  
-
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('mcominsky@aol.com', 'cpatman@bracepatt.com, james_derrick@enron.com', 'Jurisprudence Luncheon', 'Carrin & Jim --
-
-It was an honor and a pleasure to meet both of you yesterday.  I know we will
-have fun working together on this very special event.
-
-Jeff left the jurisprudence luncheon lists for me before he left on vacation.
- I wasn''t sure whether he transmitted them to you as well.  Would you please
-advise me if you would like them sent to you?  I can email the MS Excel files
-or I can fax the hard copies to you.   Please advise what is most convenient.
-
-I plan to be in town through the holidays and can be reached by phone, email,
-or cell phone at any time.  My cell phone number is 713/705-4829.
-
-Thanks again for your interest in the ADL''s work.  Martin.
-
-Martin B. Cominsky
-Director, Southwest Region
-Anti-Defamation League
-713/627-3490, ext. 122
-713/627-2011 (fax)
-MCominsky@aol.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('phillip.love@enron.com', 'todagost@utmb.edu, gbsonnta@utmb.edu', 'New President', 'I had a little bird put a word in my ear.  Is there any possibility for Ben 
-Raimer to be Bush''s secretary of HHS?  Just curious about that infamous UTMB 
-rumor mill.  Hope things are well, happy holidays.
-PL');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('marie.heard@enron.com', 'ehamilton@fna.com', 'ISDA Master Agreement', 'Erin:
-
-Pursuant to your request, attached are the Schedule to the ISDA Master Agreement, together with Paragraph 13 to the ISDA Credit Support Annex.  Please let me know if you need anything else.  We look forward to hearing your comments.
-
-Marie
-
-Marie Heard
-Senior Legal Specialist
-Enron North America Corp.
-Phone:  (713) 853-3907
-Fax:  (713) 646-3490
-marie.heard@enron.com
-
-				 ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('andrea.ring@enron.com', 'beverly.beaty@enron.com', 'Re: Tennessee Buy - Louis Dreyfus', 'Beverly -  once again thanks so much for your help on this.
-
-           
-
-                                                                     ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('karolyn.criado@enron.com', 'j..bonin@enron.com, felicia.case@enron.com, b..clapp@enron.com,', 'Price List week of Oct. 8-9, 2001', '
-Please contact me if you have any questions regarding last weeks prices.
-
-Thank you,
-Karolyn Criado
-3-9441
-
-
- 
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kevin.presto@enron.com', 'edward.baughman@enron.com, billy.braddock@enron.com', 'Associated', 'Please begin working on filling our Associated short position in 02.   I would like to take this risk off the books.
-
-In addition, please find out what a buy-out of VEPCO would cost us.   With Rogers transitioning to run our retail risk management, I would like to clean up our customer positions.
-
-We also need to continue to explore a JEA buy-out.
-
-Thanks.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('stacy.dickson@enron.com', 'gregg.penman@enron.com', 'RE: Constellation TC 5-7-01', 'Gregg, 
-
-I am at home with a sick baby.  (Lots of fun!)  I will call you about this 
-tomorrow.
-
-Stacy');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('joe.quenet@enron.com', 'dfincher@utilicorp.com', '', 'hey big guy.....check this out.....
-
- w ww.gorelieberman-2000.com/');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('k..allen@enron.com', 'jacqestc@aol.com', '', 'Jacques,
-
-I sent you a fax of Kevin Kolb''s comments on the release.  The payoff on the note would be $36,248 ($36090(principal) + $158 (accrued interest)).
-This is assuming we wrap this up on Tuesday.  
-
-Please email to confirm that their changes are ok so I can set up a meeting on Tuesday to reach closure.
-
-Phillip');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kourtney.nelson@enron.com', 'mike.swerzbin@enron.com', 'Adjusted L/R Balance', 'Mike,
-
-I placed the adjusted L/R Balance on the Enronwest site.  It is under the "Staff/Kourtney Nelson".  There are two links:  
-
-1)  "Adj L_R" is the same data/format from the weekly strategy meeting. 
-2)  "New Gen 2001_2002" link has all of the supply side info that is used to calculate the L/R balance
-	-Please note the Data Flag column, a value of "3" indicates the project was cancelled, on hold, etc and is not included in the calc.  
-
-Both of these sheets are interactive Excel spreadsheets and thus you can play around with the data as you please.  Also, James Bruce is working to get his gen report on the web.  That will help with your access to information on new gen.
-
-Please let me know if you have any questions or feedback,
-
-Kourtney
-
-
-
-Kourtney Nelson
-Fundamental Analysis 
-Enron North America
-(503) 464-8280
-kourtney.nelson@enron.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('d..thomas@enron.com', 'naveed.ahmed@enron.com', 'FW: Current Enron TCC Portfolio', '
-
------Original Message-----
-From: Grace, Rebecca M. 
-Sent: Monday, December 17, 2001 9:44 AM
-To: Thomas, Paul D.
-Cc: Cashion, Jim; Allen, Thresa A.; May, Tom
-Subject: RE: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
-
-Paul,
-
-I reviewed NY''s list.  I agree with all of their contracts numbers and mw amounts.
-
-Call if you have any more questions.
-
-Rebecca
-
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Thomas, Paul D.  
-Sent:	Monday, December 17, 2001 9:08 AM
-To:	Grace, Rebecca M.
-Subject:	FW: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
- << File: enrontccs.xls >> 
-Rebecca,
-Let me know if you see any differences.
-
-Paul
-X 3-0403
------Original Message-----
-From: Thomas, Paul D. 
-Sent: Monday, December 17, 2001 9:04 AM
-To: Ahmed, Naveed
-Subject: FW: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
-
-
-
------Original Message-----
-From: Thomas, Paul D. 
-Sent: Thursday, December 13, 2001 10:01 AM
-To: Baughman, Edward D.
-Subject: Current Enron TCC Portfolio
-
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('stephanie.panus@enron.com', 'william.bradford@enron.com, debbie.brackett@enron.com,', 'Coastal Merchant Energy/El Paso Merchant Energy', 'Coastal Merchant Energy, L.P. merged with and into El Paso Merchant Energy, 
-L.P., effective February 1, 2001, with the surviving entity being El Paso 
-Merchant Energy, L.P.  We currently have ISDA Master Agreements with both 
-counterparties.  Please see the attached memo regarding the existing Masters 
-and let us know which agreement should be terminated.
-
-Thanks,
-Stephanie
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kam.keiser@enron.com', 'c..kenne@enron.com', 'RE: What about this too???', ' 
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Kenne, Dawn C.  
-Sent:	Wednesday, February 06, 2002 11:50 AM
-To:	Keiser, Kam
-Subject:	What about this too???
-
-
- << File: Netco Trader Matrix.xls >> 
- ');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('chris.meyer@enron.com', 'joe.parks@enron.com', 'Centana', 'Talked to Chip.  We do need Cash Committe approval given the netting feature of your deal, which means Batch Funding Request.  Please update per my previous e-mail and forward.
-
-Thanks
-
-chris
-x31666');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('debra.perlingiere@enron.com', 'jworman@academyofhealth.com', '', 'Have a great weekend!   Happy Fathers Day!
-
-
-Debra Perlingiere
-Enron North America Corp.
-1400 Smith Street, EB 3885
-Houston, Texas 77002
-dperlin@enron.com
-Phone 713-853-7658
-Fax  713-646-3490');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('outlook.team@enron.com', '', 'Demo by Martha Janousek of Dashboard & Pipeline Profile / Julia  &', 'CALENDAR ENTRY:	APPOINTMENT
-
-Description:
-	Demo by Martha Janousek of Dashboard & Pipeline Profile / Julia  & Dir Rpts. - 4102
-
-Date:		1/5/2001
-Time:		9:00 AM - 10:00 AM (Central Standard Time)
-
-Chairperson:	Outlook Migration Team
-
-Detailed Description:');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('diana.seifert@enron.com', 'mark.taylor@enron.com', 'Guest access Chile', 'Hello Mark,
-
-Justin Boyd told me that your can help me with questions regarding Chile.
-We got a request for guest access through MG.
-The company is called Escondida and is a subsidiary of BHP Australia.
-
-Please advise if I can set up a guest account or not.
-F.Y.I.: MG is planning to put a "in w/h Chile" contract for Copper on-line as 
-soon as Enron has done the due diligence for this country.
-Thanks !
-
-
-Best regards
-
-Diana Seifert
-EOL PCG');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('enron_update@concureworkplace.com', 'mark.whitt@enron.com', '<<Concur Expense Document>> - 121001', 'The Approval status has changed on the following report:
-
-Status last changed by: Barry L. Tycholiz
-Expense Report Name: 121001
-Report Total: $198.98
-Amount Due Employee: $198.98
-Amount Approved: $198.98
-Amount Paid: $0.00
-Approval Status: Approved
-Payment Status: Pending
-
-
-To review this expense report, click on the following link for Concur Expense.
-http://expensexms.enron.com');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('kevin.hyatt@enron.com', '', 'Technical Support', 'Outside the U.S., please refer to the list below:
-
-Australia:
-1800 678-515
-support@palm-au.com
-
-Canada:
-1905 305-6530
-support@palm.com
-
-New Zealand:
-0800 446-398
-support@palm-nz.com
-
-U.K.:
-0171 867 0108
-eurosupport@palm.3com.com
-
-Please refer to the Worldwide Customer Support card for a complete technical support contact list.');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('geoff.storey@enron.com', 'dutch.quigley@enron.com', 'RE:', 'duke contact?
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Quigley, Dutch  
-Sent:	Wednesday, October 31, 2001 10:14 AM
-To:	Storey, Geoff
-Subject:	RE: 
-
-bp corp	Albert LaMore	281-366-4962
-
-running the reports now
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Storey, Geoff  
-Sent:	Wednesday, October 31, 2001 10:10 AM
-To:	Quigley, Dutch
-Subject:	RE: 
-
-give me a contact over there too
-BP
-
-
- -----Original Message-----
-From: 	Quigley, Dutch  
-Sent:	Wednesday, October 31, 2001 9:42 AM
-To:	Storey, Geoff
-Subject:	
-
-Coral	Jeff Whitnah	713-767-5374
-Relaint	Steve McGinn	713-207-4000');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('pete.davis@enron.com', 'pete.davis@enron.com', 'Start Date: 4/22/01; HourAhead hour: 3;  <CODESITE>', 'Start Date: 4/22/01; HourAhead hour: 3;  No ancillary schedules awarded.  
-Variances detected.
-Variances detected in Load schedule.
-
-    LOG MESSAGES:
-
-PARSING FILE -->> O:\Portland\WestDesk\California Scheduling\ISO Final 
-Schedules\2001042203.txt
-
----- Load Schedule ----
-$$$ Variance found in table tblLoads.
-     Details: (Hour: 3 / Preferred:   1.92 / Final:   1.89)
-  TRANS_TYPE: FINAL
-  LOAD_ID: PGE4
-  MKT_TYPE: 2
-  TRANS_DATE: 4/22/01
-  SC_ID: EPMI
-
-');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('john.postlethwaite@enron.com', 'john.zufferli@enron.com', 'Reference', 'John, hope things are going well up there for you. The big day is almost here for you and Jessica. I was wondering if I could use your name as a job reference if need be. I am just trying to get everything in order just in case something happens. 
-
-John');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('jeffrey.shankman@enron.com', 'lschiffm@jonesday.com', 'Re:', 'I saw you called on the cell this a.m.  Sorry I missed you.  (I was in the 
-shower).  I have had a shitty week--I suspect my silence (not only to you, 
-but others) after our phone call is a result of the week.  I''m seeing Glen at 
-11:15....talk to you');
-INSERT INTO email([from],[to],subject,body) VALUES('litebytz@enron.com', '', 'Lite Bytz RSVP', '
-This week''s Lite Bytz presentation will feature the following TOOLZ speaker:
-
-Richard McDougall
-Solaris 8
-Thursday, June 7, 2001
-
-If you have not already signed up, please RSVP via email to litebytz@enron.com by the end of the day Tuesday, June 5, 2001.
-
-*Remember: this is now a Brown Bag Event--so bring your lunch and we will provide cookies and drinks.
-
-Click below for more details.
-
-http://home.enron.com:84/messaging/litebytztoolzprint.jpg');
-    COMMIT;
-  }
-} {}
-
-###############################################################################
-# Everything above just builds an interesting test database.  The actual
-# tests come after this comment.
-###############################################################################
-
-do_test fts2c-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark'
-  }
-} {6 17 25 38 40 42 73 74}
-do_test fts2c-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'susan'
-  }
-} {24 40}
-do_test fts2c-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark susan'
-  }
-} {40}
-do_test fts2c-1.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'susan mark'
-  }
-} {40}
-do_test fts2c-1.6 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH '"mark susan"'
-  }
-} {}
-do_test fts2c-1.7 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark -susan'
-  }
-} {6 17 25 38 42 73 74}
-do_test fts2c-1.8 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH '-mark susan'
-  }
-} {24}
-do_test fts2c-1.9 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM email WHERE email MATCH 'mark OR susan'
-  }
-} {6 17 24 25 38 40 42 73 74}
-
-# Some simple tests of the automatic "offsets(email)" column.  In the sample
-# data set above, only one message, number 20, contains the words
-# "gas" and "reminder" in both body and subject.
-#
-do_test fts2c-2.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 0 42 3 2 1 54 8 3 0 42 3 3 1 54 8 3 0 129 3 3 0 143 3 3 0 240 3}}
-do_test fts2c-2.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'subject:gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 0 42 3 2 1 54 8 3 1 54 8}}
-do_test fts2c-2.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'body:gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 1 54 8 3 0 42 3 3 1 54 8 3 0 129 3 3 0 143 3 3 0 240 3}}
-do_test fts2c-2.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE subject MATCH 'gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {2 0 42 3 2 1 54 8}}
-do_test fts2c-2.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE body MATCH 'gas reminder'
-  }
-} {20 {3 0 42 3 3 1 54 8 3 0 129 3 3 0 143 3 3 0 240 3}}
-
-# Document 32 contains 5 instances of the world "child".  But only
-# 3 of them are paired with "product".  Make sure only those instances
-# that match the phrase appear in the offsets(email) list.
-#
-do_test fts2c-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE body MATCH 'child product' AND +rowid=32
-  }
-} {32 {3 0 94 5 3 0 114 5 3 0 207 5 3 1 213 7 3 0 245 5 3 1 251 7 3 0 409 5 3 1 415 7 3 1 493 7}}
-do_test fts2c-3.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, offsets(email) FROM email
-     WHERE body MATCH '"child product"'
-  }
-} {32 {3 0 207 5 3 1 213 7 3 0 245 5 3 1 251 7 3 0 409 5 3 1 415 7}}
-
-# Snippet generator tests
-#
-do_test fts2c-4.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'subject:gas reminder'
-  }
-} {{Alert Posted 10:00 AM November 20,2000: E-<b>GAS</b> Request <b>Reminder</b>}}
-do_test fts2c-4.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'christmas candlelight'
-  }
-} {{<b>...</b> place.? What do you think about going here <b>Christmas</b> 
-eve?? They have an 11:00 a.m. service and a <b>candlelight</b> service at 5:00 p.m., 
-among others. <b>...</b>}}
-
-do_test fts2c-4.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'deal sheet potential reuse'
-  }
-} {{EOL-Accenture <b>Deal</b> <b>Sheet</b> <b>...</b> intent
-     Review Enron asset base for <b>potential</b> <b>reuse</b>/ licensing
-     Contract negotiations <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts2c-4.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email,'<<<','>>>',' ') FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'deal sheet potential reuse'
-  }
-} {{EOL-Accenture <<<Deal>>> <<<Sheet>>>  intent
-     Review Enron asset base for <<<potential>>> <<<reuse>>>/ licensing
-     Contract negotiations  }}
-do_test fts2c-4.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email,'<<<','>>>',' ') FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'first things'
-  }
-} {{Re: <<<First>>> Polish Deal!  Congrats!  <<<Things>>> seem to be building rapidly now on the  }}
-do_test fts2c-4.6 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'chris is here'
-  }
-} {{<b>chris</b>.germany@enron.com <b>...</b> Sounds good to me.  I bet this <b>is</b> next to the Warick?? Hotel. <b>...</b> place.? What do you think about going <b>here</b> Christmas 
-eve?? They have an 11:00 a.m. <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts2c-4.7 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH '"pursuant to"'
-  }
-} {{Erin:
-
-<b>Pursuant</b> <b>to</b> your request, attached are the Schedule to <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts2c-4.8 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'ancillary load davis'
-  }
-} {{pete.<b>davis</b>@enron.com <b>...</b> Start Date: 4/22/01; HourAhead hour: 3;  No <b>ancillary</b> schedules awarded.  
-Variances detected.
-Variances detected in <b>Load</b> schedule.
-
-    LOG MESSAGES:
-
-PARSING <b>...</b>}}
-
-# Combinations of AND and OR operators:
-#
-do_test fts2c-5.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'questar enron OR com'
-  }
-} {{matt.smith@<b>enron</b>.<b>com</b> <b>...</b> six reports:  
-
-31 Keystone Receipts
-15 <b>Questar</b> Pipeline
-40 Rockies Production
-22 West_2 <b>...</b>}}
-do_test fts2c-5.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(email) FROM email
-     WHERE email MATCH 'enron OR com questar'
-  }
-} {{matt.smith@<b>enron</b>.<b>com</b> <b>...</b> six reports:  
-
-31 Keystone Receipts
-15 <b>Questar</b> Pipeline
-40 Rockies Production
-22 West_2 <b>...</b>}}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2d.test b/sqlite/test/fts2d.test
deleted file mode 100644
index d8090d8f..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2d.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 1
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS2 module, and in particular
-# the Porter stemmer.
-#
-# $Id: fts2d.test,v 1.1 2006/10/19 23:36:26 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-do_test fts2d-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content, tokenize porter);
-    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'running and jumping');
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'run jump';
-  }
-} {1}
-do_test fts2d-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'run jump';
-  }
-} {{<b>running</b> and <b>jumping</b>}}
-do_test fts2d-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) 
-          VALUES(2, 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz');
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abcdefghijqrstuvwyxz'
-  }
-} {2 <b>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz</b>}
-do_test fts2d-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'abcdefghijXXXXqrstuvwyxz'
-  }
-} {2 <b>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyxz</b>}
-do_test fts2d-1.5 {
-  execsql {
-    INSERT INTO t1(rowid, content) 
-          VALUES(3, 'The value is 123456789');
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '123789'
-  }
-} {3 {The value is <b>123456789</b>}}
-do_test fts2d-1.6 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '123000000789'
-  }
-} {3 {The value is <b>123456789</b>}}
-
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2e.test b/sqlite/test/fts2e.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 71845acd..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2e.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 19
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing deletions in the FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2e.test,v 1.1 2006/10/19 23:36:26 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing keywords which are the
-# ordinal numbers of the bit positions set for a sequence of integers,
-# which are used for the rowid.  There are a total of 30 INSERT and
-# DELETE statements, so that we'll test both the segmentMerge() merge
-# (over the first 16) and the termSelect() merge (over the level-1
-# segment and 14 level-0 segments).
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'one');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, 'one two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, 'three');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, 'one three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(6, 'two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(7, 'one two three');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(8, 'four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(9, 'one four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(10, 'two four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 7;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(11, 'one two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(12, 'three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(13, 'one three four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 10;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(14, 'two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(15, 'one two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(16, 'five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 13;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(17, 'one five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(18, 'two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(19, 'one two five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 16;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(20, 'three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(21, 'one three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(22, 'two three five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 19;
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 22;
-}
-
-do_test fts2f-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t1}
-} {14}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {3 5 9 11 15 17 21}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two'}
-} {2 3 6 11 14 15 18}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three'}
-} {5 6 12 14 15 20 21}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'four'}
-} {8 9 11 12 14 15}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five'}
-} {17 18 20 21}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2f.test b/sqlite/test/fts2f.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 49cff146..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2f.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 19
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing updates in the FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2f.test,v 1.2 2007/02/23 00:14:06 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Construct a full-text search table containing keywords which are the
-# ordinal numbers of the bit positions set for a sequence of integers,
-# which are used for the rowid.  There are a total of 31 INSERT,
-# UPDATE, and DELETE statements, so that we'll test both the
-# segmentMerge() merge (over the first 16) and the termSelect() merge
-# (over the level-1 segment and 15 level-0 segments).
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'one');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, 'one two');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, 'three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, 'one three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(6, 'two three');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(7, 'one two three');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(8, 'four');
-  UPDATE t1 SET content = 'update one three' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(9, 'one four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(10, 'two four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 7;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(11, 'one two four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(12, 'three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(13, 'one three four');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 10;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(14, 'two three four');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(15, 'one two three four');
-  UPDATE t1 SET content = 'update two five' WHERE rowid = 8;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(16, 'five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 13;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(17, 'one five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(18, 'two five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(19, 'one two five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 16;
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(20, 'three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(21, 'one three five');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(22, 'two three five');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 19;
-  UPDATE t1 SET content = 'update' WHERE rowid = 15;
-}
-
-do_test fts2f-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t1}
-} {16}
-
-do_test fts2f-2.0 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'update'}
-} {1 8 15}
-
-do_test fts2f-2.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'one'}
-} {1 3 5 9 11 17 21}
-
-do_test fts2f-2.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'two'}
-} {2 3 6 8 11 14 18 22}
-
-do_test fts2f-2.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'three'}
-} {1 5 6 12 14 20 21 22}
-
-do_test fts2f-2.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'four'}
-} {9 11 12 14}
-
-do_test fts2f-2.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'five'}
-} {8 17 18 20 21 22}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2g.test b/sqlite/test/fts2g.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 176c619a..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2g.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 19
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing handling of edge cases for various doclist
-# merging functions in the FTS2 module query logic.
-#
-# $Id: fts2g.test,v 1.3 2007/11/16 00:23:08 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'this is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'also a test');
-}
-
-# No hits at all.  Returns empty doclists from termSelect().
-do_test fts2g-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'something'}
-} {}
-
-# Empty left in docListExceptMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '-this something'}
-} {}
-
-# Empty right in docListExceptMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.3 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'this -something'}
-} {1}
-
-# Empty left in docListPhraseMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '"this something"'}
-} {}
-
-# Empty right in docListPhraseMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.5 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '"something is"'}
-} {}
-
-# Empty left in docListOrMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.6 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'something OR this'}
-} {1}
-
-# Empty right in docListOrMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.7 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR something'}
-} {1}
-
-# Empty left in docListAndMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.8 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'something this'}
-} {}
-
-# Empty right in docListAndMerge().
-do_test fts2g-1.9 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'this something'}
-} {}
-
-# No support for all-except queries.
-do_test fts2g-1.10 {
-  catchsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '-this -something'}
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
-
-# Test that docListOrMerge() correctly handles reaching the end of one
-# doclist before it reaches the end of the other.
-do_test fts2g-1.11 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR also'}
-} {1 2}
-do_test fts2g-1.12 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'also OR this'}
-} {1 2}
-
-# Empty left and right in docListOrMerge().  Each term matches neither
-# row, and when combined there was an assertion failure.
-do_test fts2g-1.13 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'something OR nothing'}
-} {}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2h.test b/sqlite/test/fts2h.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 72561d85..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2h.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-# 2006 October 31 (scaaarey)
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# here is testing correct handling of excessively long terms.
-#
-# $Id: fts2h.test,v 1.1 2006/11/29 21:03:01 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Generate a term of len copies of char.
-proc bigterm {char len} {
-  for {set term ""} {$len>0} {incr len -1} {
-    append term $char
-  }
-  return $term
-}
-
-# Generate a document of bigterms based on characters from the list
-# chars.
-proc bigtermdoc {chars len} {
-  set doc ""
-  foreach char $chars {
-    append doc " " [bigterm $char $len]
-  }
-  return $doc
-}
-
-set len 5000
-set doc1 [bigtermdoc {a b c d} $len]
-set doc2 [bigtermdoc {b d e f} $len]
-set doc3 [bigtermdoc {a c e} $len]
-
-set aterm [bigterm a $len]
-set bterm [bigterm b $len]
-set xterm [bigterm x $len]
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, $doc1);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, $doc2);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, $doc3);
-}
-
-# No hits at all.  Returns empty doclists from termSelect().
-do_test fts2h-1.1 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'something'}
-} {}
-
-do_test fts2h-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH $aterm}
-} {1 3}
-
-do_test fts2h-1.2 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH $xterm}
-} {}
-
-do_test fts2h-1.3 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '$aterm -$xterm'"
-} {1 3}
-
-do_test fts2h-1.4 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '\"$aterm $bterm\"'"
-} {1}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2i.test b/sqlite/test/fts2i.test
deleted file mode 100644
index e732e6a8..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2i.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 January 17
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite fts2 library.  The
-# focus here is testing handling of UPDATE when using UTF-16-encoded
-# databases.
-#
-# $Id: fts2i.test,v 1.2 2007/01/24 03:46:35 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Return the UTF-16 representation of the supplied UTF-8 string $str.
-# If $nt is true, append two 0x00 bytes as a nul terminator.
-# NOTE(shess) Copied from capi3.test.
-proc utf16 {str {nt 1}} {
-  set r [encoding convertto unicode $str]
-  if {$nt} {
-    append r "\x00\x00"
-  }
-  return $r
-}
-
-db eval {
-  PRAGMA encoding = "UTF-16le";
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-}
-
-do_test fts2i-1.0 {
-  execsql {PRAGMA encoding}
-} {UTF-16le}
-
-do_test fts2i-1.1 {
-  execsql {INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, 'one')}
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1}
-} {one}
-
-do_test fts2i-1.2 {
-  set sql "INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, 'two')"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 2}
-} {two}
-
-do_test fts2i-1.3 {
-  set sql "INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, 'three')"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  set sql "UPDATE t1 SET content = 'trois' WHERE rowid = 3"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 3}
-} {trois}
-
-do_test fts2i-1.4 {
-  set sql16 [utf16 {INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, 'four')}]
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare16 $DB $sql16 -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4}
-} {four}
-
-do_test fts2i-1.5 {
-  set sql16 [utf16 {INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, 'five')}]
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare16 $DB $sql16 -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  set sql "UPDATE t1 SET content = 'cinq' WHERE rowid = 5"
-  set STMT [sqlite3_prepare $DB $sql -1 TAIL]
-  sqlite3_step $STMT
-  sqlite3_finalize $STMT
-  execsql {SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 5}
-} {cinq}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2j.test b/sqlite/test/fts2j.test
deleted file mode 100644
index a8a2c07c..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2j.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 February 6
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  This
-# tests creating fts2 tables in an attached database.
-#
-# $Id: fts2j.test,v 1.1 2007/02/07 01:01:18 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Clean up anything left over from a previous pass.
-forcedelete test2.db
-forcedelete test2.db-journal
-sqlite3 db2 test2.db
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t3 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-}
-
-db2 eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-}
-
-# This has always worked because the t1_* tables used by fts2 will be
-# the defaults.
-do_test fts2j-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS two;
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'hello';
-    DETACH DATABASE two;
-  }
-} {1 2}
-# Make certain we're detached if there was an error.
-catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
-
-# In older code, this appears to work fine, but the t2_* tables used
-# by fts2 will be created in database 'main' instead of database
-# 'two'.  It appears to work fine because the tables end up being the
-# defaults, but obviously is badly broken if you hope to use things
-# other than in the exact same ATTACH setup.
-do_test fts2j-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS two;
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE two.t2 USING fts2(content);
-    INSERT INTO t2 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-    INSERT INTO t2 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-    INSERT INTO t2 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-    SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'hello';
-    DETACH DATABASE two;
-  }
-} {1 2}
-catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
-
-# In older code, this broke because the fts2 code attempted to create
-# t3_* tables in database 'main', but they already existed.  Normally
-# this wouldn't happen without t3 itself existing, in which case the
-# fts2 code would never be called in the first place.
-do_test fts2j-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH DATABASE 'test2.db' AS two;
-
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE two.t3 USING fts2(content);
-    INSERT INTO two.t3 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-    INSERT INTO two.t3 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-    SELECT rowid FROM two.t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'hello';
-
-    DETACH DATABASE two;
-  } db2
-} {2}
-catch {db eval {DETACH DATABASE two}}
-
-catch {db2 close}
-forcedelete test2.db
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2k.test b/sqlite/test/fts2k.test
deleted file mode 100644
index e7d5f0df..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2k.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 March 9
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  These
-# make sure that fts2 insertion buffering is fully transparent when
-# using transactions.
-#
-# $Id: fts2k.test,v 1.2 2007/08/10 23:47:04 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(1, "hello world");
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(2, "hello there");
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(3, "cruel world");
-}
-
-# Test that possibly-buffered inserts went through after commit.
-do_test fts2k-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(4, "false world");
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(5, "false door");
-    COMMIT TRANSACTION;
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'world';
-  }
-} {1 3 4}
-
-# Test that buffered inserts are seen by selects in the same
-# transaction.
-do_test fts2k-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(6, "another world");
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(7, "another test");
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'world';
-    COMMIT TRANSACTION;
-  }
-} {1 3 4 6}
-
-# Test that buffered inserts are seen within a transaction.  This is
-# really the same test as 1.2.
-do_test fts2k-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(8, "second world");
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(9, "second sight");
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'world';
-    ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
-  }
-} {1 3 4 6 8}
-
-# Double-check that the previous result doesn't persist past the
-# rollback!
-do_test fts2k-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'world';
-  }
-} {1 3 4 6}
-
-# Test it all together.
-do_test fts2k-1.5 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN TRANSACTION;
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(10, "second world");
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(11, "second sight");
-    ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'world';
-  }
-} {1 3 4 6}
-
-# Test that the obvious case works.
-do_test fts2k-1.6 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN;
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(12, "third world");
-    COMMIT;
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'third';
-  }
-} {12}
-
-# This is exactly the same as the previous test, except that older
-# code loses the INSERT due to an SQLITE_SCHEMA error.
-do_test fts2k-1.7 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN;
-    INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, content) VALUES(13, "third dimension");
-    CREATE TABLE x (c);
-    COMMIT;
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'dimension';
-  }
-} {13}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2l.test b/sqlite/test/fts2l.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 42f5ba13..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2l.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 March 28
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing isspace/isalnum/tolower problems with the
-# FTS2 module.  Unfortunately, this code isn't a really principled set
-# of tests, because it is impossible to know where new uses of these
-# functions might appear.
-#
-# $Id: fts2l.test,v 1.2 2007/12/13 21:54:11 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# Tests that startsWith() (calls isspace, tolower, isalnum) can handle
-# hi-bit chars.  parseSpec() also calls isalnum here.
-do_test fts2l-1.1 {
-  execsql "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content, \x80)"
-} {}
-
-# Additionally tests isspace() call in getToken(), and isalnum() call
-# in tokenListToIdList().
-do_test fts2l-1.2 {
-  catch {
-    execsql "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts2(content, tokenize \x80)"
-  }
-  sqlite3_errmsg $DB
-} "unknown tokenizer: \x80"
-
-# Additionally test final isalnum() in startsWith().
-do_test fts2l-1.3 {
-  execsql "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts2(content, tokenize\x80)"
-} {}
-
-# The snippet-generation code has calls to isspace() which are sort of
-# hard to get to.  It finds convenient breakpoints by starting ~40
-# chars before and after the matched term, and scanning ~10 chars
-# around that position for isspace() characters.  The long word with
-# embedded hi-bit chars causes one of these isspace() calls to be
-# exercised.  The version with a couple extra spaces should cause the
-# other isspace() call to be exercised.  [Both cases have been tested
-# in the debugger, but I'm hoping to continue to catch it if simple
-# constant changes change things slightly.
-#
-# The trailing and leading hi-bit chars help with code which tests for
-# isspace() to coalesce multiple spaces.
-
-set word "\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80xxxxx\x80"
-set phrase1 "$word $word $word target $word $word $word"
-set phrase2 "$word $word $word    target    $word $word $word"
-
-db eval {CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t4 USING fts2(content)}
-db eval "INSERT INTO t4 (content) VALUES ('$phrase1')"
-db eval "INSERT INTO t4 (content) VALUES ('$phrase2')"
-
-do_test fts2l-1.4 {
-  execsql {SELECT rowid, length(snippet(t4)) FROM t4 WHERE t4 MATCH 'target'}
-} {1 111 2 117}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2m.test b/sqlite/test/fts2m.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 6552637a..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2m.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 April 9
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  fts2
-# DELETE handling assumed all fields were non-null.  This was not
-# the intention at all.
-#
-# $Id: fts2m.test,v 1.1 2007/04/09 20:45:42 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(col_a, col_b);
-
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(1, 'testing', 'testing');
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(2, 'only a', null);
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(3, null, 'only b');
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, col_a, col_b) VALUES(4, null, null);
-}
-
-do_test fts2m-1.0 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {2 2 4}
-
-do_test fts2m-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {1 1 3}
-
-do_test fts2m-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 2;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {0 1 2}
-
-do_test fts2m-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 3;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {0 0 1}
-
-do_test fts2m-1.4 {
-  execsql {
-    DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 4;
-    SELECT COUNT(col_a), COUNT(col_b), COUNT(*) FROM t1;
-  }
-} {0 0 0}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2n.test b/sqlite/test/fts2n.test
deleted file mode 100644
index ca0b4fe9..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2n.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 April 26
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements tests for prefix-searching in the fts2
-# component of the SQLite library.
-#
-# $Id: fts2n.test,v 1.2 2007/12/13 21:54:11 drh Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-# A large string to prime the pump with.
-set text {
-  Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas
-  iaculis mollis ipsum. Praesent rhoncus placerat justo. Duis non quam
-  sed turpis posuere placerat. Curabitur et lorem in lorem porttitor
-  aliquet. Pellentesque bibendum tincidunt diam. Vestibulum blandit
-  ante nec elit. In sapien diam, facilisis eget, dictum sed, viverra
-  at, felis. Vestibulum magna. Sed magna dolor, vestibulum rhoncus,
-  ornare vel, vulputate sit amet, felis. Integer malesuada, tellus at
-  luctus gravida, diam nunc porta nibh, nec imperdiet massa metus eu
-  lectus. Aliquam nisi. Nunc fringilla nulla at lectus. Suspendisse
-  potenti. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient
-  montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Pellentesque odio nulla, feugiat eu,
-  suscipit nec, consequat quis, risus.
-}
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, c) VALUES(1, $text);
-  INSERT INTO t1(rowid, c) VALUES(2, 'Another lovely row');
-}
-
-# Exact match
-do_test fts2n-1.1 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lorem'"
-} {1}
-
-# And a prefix
-do_test fts2n-1.2 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lore*'"
-} {1}
-
-# Prefix includes exact match
-do_test fts2n-1.3 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lorem*'"
-} {1}
-
-# Make certain everything isn't considered a prefix!
-do_test fts2n-1.4 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lore'"
-} {}
-
-# Prefix across multiple rows.
-do_test fts2n-1.5 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lo*'"
-} {1 2}
-
-# Likewise, with multiple hits in one document.
-do_test fts2n-1.6 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'l*'"
-} {1 2}
-
-# Prefix which should only hit one document.
-do_test fts2n-1.7 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lov*'"
-} {2}
-
-# * not at end is dropped.
-do_test fts2n-1.8 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'lo *'"
-} {}
-
-# Stand-alone * is dropped.
-do_test fts2n-1.9 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '*'"
-} {}
-
-# Phrase-query prefix.
-do_test fts2n-1.10 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '\"lovely r*\"'"
-} {2}
-do_test fts2n-1.11 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '\"lovely r\"'"
-} {}
-
-# Phrase query with multiple prefix matches.
-do_test fts2n-1.12 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '\"a* l*\"'"
-} {1 2}
-
-# Phrase query with multiple prefix matches.
-do_test fts2n-1.13 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH '\"a* l* row\"'"
-} {2}
-
-
-
-
-# Test across updates (and, by implication, deletes).
-
-# Version of text without "lorem".
-regsub -all {[Ll]orem} $text '' ntext
-
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts2(c);
-
-  INSERT INTO t2(rowid, c) VALUES(1, $text);
-  INSERT INTO t2(rowid, c) VALUES(2, 'Another lovely row');
-  UPDATE t2 SET c = $ntext WHERE rowid = 1;
-}
-
-# Can't see lorem as an exact match.
-do_test fts2n-2.1 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'lorem'"
-} {}
-
-# Can't see a prefix of lorem, either.
-do_test fts2n-2.2 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'lore*'"
-} {}
-
-# Can see lovely in the other document.
-do_test fts2n-2.3 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'lo*'"
-} {2}
-
-# Can still see other hits.
-do_test fts2n-2.4 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'l*'"
-} {1 2}
-
-# Prefix which should only hit one document.
-do_test fts2n-2.5 {
-  execsql "SELECT rowid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'lov*'"
-} {2}
-
-
-
-# Test with a segment which will have multiple levels in the tree.
-
-# Build a big document with lots of unique terms.
-set bigtext $text
-foreach c {a b c d e} {
-  regsub -all {[A-Za-z]+} $bigtext "&$c" t
-  append bigtext $t
-}
-
-# Populate a table with many copies of the big document, so that we
-# can test the number of hits found.  Populate $ret with the expected
-# hit counts for each row.  offsets() returns 4 elements for every
-# hit.  We'll have 6 hits for row 1, 1 for row 2, and 6*(2^5)==192 for
-# $bigtext.
-set ret {6 1}
-db eval {
-  BEGIN;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t3 USING fts2(c);
-
-  INSERT INTO t3(rowid, c) VALUES(1, $text);
-  INSERT INTO t3(rowid, c) VALUES(2, 'Another lovely row');
-}
-for {set i 0} {$i<100} {incr i} {
-  db eval {INSERT INTO t3(rowid, c) VALUES(3+$i, $bigtext)}
-  lappend ret 192
-}
-db eval {COMMIT;}
-
-# Test that we get the expected number of hits.
-do_test fts2n-3.1 {
-  set t {}
-  db eval {SELECT offsets(t3) as o FROM t3 WHERE t3 MATCH 'l*'} {
-    set l [llength $o]
-    lappend t [expr {$l/4}]
-  }
-  set t
-} $ret
-
-# TODO(shess) It would be useful to test a couple edge cases, but I
-# don't know if we have the precision to manage it from here at this
-# time.  Prefix hits can cross leaves, which the code above _should_
-# hit by virtue of size.  There are two variations on this.  If the
-# tree is 2 levels high, the code will find the leaf-node extent
-# directly, but if its higher, the code will have to follow two
-# separate interior branches down the tree.  Both should be tested.
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2o.test b/sqlite/test/fts2o.test
deleted file mode 100644
index de319ea9..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2o.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 June 20
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
-# focus of this script is testing the FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2o.test,v 1.4 2007/07/02 10:16:50 danielk1977 Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#---------------------------------------------------------------------
-# These tests, fts2o-1.*, test that ticket #2429 is fixed.
-#
-db eval {
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(a, b, c);
-  INSERT INTO t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one three four', 'one four', 'one four two');
-}
-do_test fts2o-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'four';
-  }
-} {1 {one <b>four</b> two}}
-do_test fts2o-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE b MATCH 'four';
-  }
-} {1 {one <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts2o-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid, snippet(t1) FROM t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four';
-  }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-
-#---------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test that it is possible to rename an fts2 table.
-#
-do_test fts2o-2.1 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {t1 t1_content t1_segments t1_segdir}
-do_test fts2o-2.2 {
-  execsql { ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME to fts_t1; }
-} {}
-do_test fts2o-2.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT rowid, snippet(fts_t1) FROM fts_t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four'; }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts2o-2.4 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {fts_t1 fts_t1_content fts_t1_segments fts_t1_segdir}
-
-# See what happens when renaming the fts2 table fails.
-#
-do_test fts2o-2.5 {
-  catchsql {
-    CREATE TABLE t1_segdir(a, b, c);
-    ALTER TABLE fts_t1 RENAME to t1;
-  }
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
-do_test fts2o-2.6 {
-  execsql { SELECT rowid, snippet(fts_t1) FROM fts_t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four'; }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts2o-2.7 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {fts_t1 fts_t1_content fts_t1_segments fts_t1_segdir t1_segdir}
-
-# See what happens when renaming the fts2 table fails inside a transaction.
-#
-do_test fts2o-2.8 {
-  execsql {
-    BEGIN;
-    INSERT INTO fts_t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one two three', 'one four', 'one two');
-  }
-} {}
-do_test fts2o-2.9 {
-  catchsql {
-    ALTER TABLE fts_t1 RENAME to t1;
-  }
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
-do_test fts2o-2.10 {
-  execsql { SELECT rowid, snippet(fts_t1) FROM fts_t1 WHERE a MATCH 'four'; }
-} {1 {one three <b>four</b>}}
-do_test fts2o-2.11 {
-  execsql { SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table'}
-} {fts_t1 fts_t1_content fts_t1_segments fts_t1_segdir t1_segdir}
-do_test fts2o-2.12 {
-  execsql COMMIT
-  execsql {SELECT a FROM fts_t1}
-} {{one three four} {one two three}}
-do_test fts2o-2.12 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM fts_t1 WHERE c MATCH 'four'; }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one four two}}
-
-#-------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Close, delete and reopen the database. The following test should 
-# be run on an initially empty db.
-#
-db close
-forcedelete test.db test.db-journal
-sqlite3 db test.db
-
-do_test fts2o-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(a, b, c);
-    INSERT INTO t1(a, b, c) VALUES('one three four', 'one four', 'one two');
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two';
-  }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one two}}
-
-# This test was crashing at one point.
-#
-do_test fts2o-3.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two';
-    CREATE TABLE t3(a, b, c);
-    SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE  c  MATCH 'two';
-  }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one two} {one three four} {one four} {one two}}
-
-#---------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test that it is possible to rename an fts2 table in an attached 
-# database.
-#
-forcedelete test2.db test2.db-journal
-
-do_test fts2o-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    ATTACH 'test2.db' AS aux;
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE aux.t1 USING fts2(a, b, c);
-    INSERT INTO aux.t1(a, b, c) VALUES(
-      'neung song sahm', 'neung see', 'neung see song'
-    );
-  }
-} {}
-
-do_test fts2o-3.2 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM aux.t1 WHERE a MATCH 'song'; }
-} {{neung song sahm} {neung see} {neung see song}}
-
-do_test fts2o-3.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two'; }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one two}}
-
-do_test fts2o-3.4 {
-  execsql { ALTER TABLE aux.t1 RENAME TO t2 }
-} {}
-
-do_test fts2o-3.2 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM t2 WHERE a MATCH 'song'; }
-} {{neung song sahm} {neung see} {neung see song}}
-
-do_test fts2o-3.3 {
-  execsql { SELECT a, b, c FROM t1 WHERE c MATCH 'two'; }
-} {{one three four} {one four} {one two}}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2p.test b/sqlite/test/fts2p.test
deleted file mode 100644
index 38a8079d..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2p.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,357 +0,0 @@
-# 2008 June 26
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file exercises some new testing functions in the FTS2 module,
-# and then uses them to do some basic tests that FTS2 is internally
-# working as expected.
-#
-# $Id: fts2p.test,v 1.1 2008/07/22 23:32:28 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Probe to see if support for these functions is compiled in.
-# TODO(shess): Change main.mk to do the right thing and remove this test.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'x');
-}
-
-set s {SELECT dump_terms(t1, 1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1}
-set r {1 {unable to use function dump_terms in the requested context}}
-if {[catchsql $s]==$r} {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test that the new functions give appropriate errors.
-do_test fts2p-0.0 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_terms(t1, 1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_terms: incorrect arguments}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.1 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_terms(t1, 0, 0, 0) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_terms: incorrect arguments}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.2 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_terms(1, t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {unable to use function dump_terms in the requested context}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.3 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_terms(t1, 16, 16) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_terms: segment not found}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.4 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_doclist(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_doclist: incorrect arguments}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.5 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_doclist(t1, NULL) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_doclist: empty second argument}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.6 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_doclist(t1, '') FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_doclist: empty second argument}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.7 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_doclist(t1, 'a', 0) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_doclist: incorrect arguments}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.8 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_doclist(t1, 'a', 0, 0, 0) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_doclist: incorrect arguments}}
-
-do_test fts2p-0.9 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT dump_doclist(t1, 'a', 16, 16) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-  }
-} {1 {dump_doclist: segment not found}}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Utility function to check for the expected terms in the segment
-# level/index.  _all version does same but for entire index.
-proc check_terms {test level index terms} {
-  # TODO(shess): Figure out why uplevel in do_test can't catch
-  # $level and $index directly.
-  set ::level $level
-  set ::index $index
-  do_test $test.terms {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_terms(t1, $::level, $::index) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $terms]
-}
-proc check_terms_all {test terms} {
-  do_test $test.terms {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_terms(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $terms]
-}
-
-# Utility function to check for the expected doclist for the term in
-# segment level/index.  _all version does same for entire index.
-proc check_doclist {test level index term doclist} {
-  # TODO(shess): Again, why can't the non-:: versions work?
-  set ::term $term
-  set ::level $level
-  set ::index $index
-  do_test $test {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_doclist(t1, $::term, $::level, $::index) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $doclist]
-}
-proc check_doclist_all {test term doclist} {
-  set ::term $term
-  do_test $test {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_doclist(t1, $::term) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $doclist]
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test the segments resulting from straight-forward inserts.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-}
-
-# Check for expected segments and expected matches.
-do_test fts2p-1.0.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0 0 1 0 2}
-do_test fts2p-1.0.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} [list {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4} \
-        {0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4} \
-        {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4}]
-
-# Check the specifics of the segments constructed.
-# Logical view of entire index.
-check_terms_all   fts2p-1.0.1   {a is test that this was}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.0.1.1 a {[1 0[2]] [2 0[2]] [3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.0.1.2 is {[1 0[1]] [3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.0.1.3 test {[1 0[3]] [2 0[3]] [3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.0.1.4 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.0.1.5 this {[1 0[0]] [3 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.0.1.6 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-# Segment 0,0
-check_terms   fts2p-1.0.2   0 0 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.2.1 0 0 a {[1 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.2.2 0 0 is {[1 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.2.3 0 0 test {[1 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.2.4 0 0 this {[1 0[0]]}
-
-# Segment 0,1
-check_terms   fts2p-1.0.3   0 1 {a test that was}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.3.1 0 1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.3.2 0 1 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.3.3 0 1 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.3.4 0 1 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-# Segment 0,2
-check_terms   fts2p-1.0.4   0 2 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.4.1 0 2 a {[3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.4.2 0 2 is {[3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.4.3 0 2 test {[3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.0.4.4 0 2 this {[3 0[0]]}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test the segments resulting from inserts followed by a delete.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid = 1;
-}
-
-do_test fts2p-1.1.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3}
-do_test fts2p-1.1.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {{0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4} {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4}}
-
-check_terms_all fts2p-1.1.1 {a is test that this was}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.1.1.1 a {[2 0[2]] [3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.1.1.2 is {[3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.1.1.3 test {[2 0[3]] [3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.1.1.4 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.1.1.5 this {[3 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.1.1.6 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.1.2 0 0 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.2.1 0 0 a {[1 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.2.2 0 0 is {[1 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.2.3 0 0 test {[1 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.2.4 0 0 this {[1 0[0]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.1.3 0 1 {a test that was}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.3.1 0 1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.3.2 0 1 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.3.3 0 1 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.3.4 0 1 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.1.4 0 2 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.4.1 0 2 a {[3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.4.2 0 2 is {[3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.4.3 0 2 test {[3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.4.4 0 2 this {[3 0[0]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.1.5 0 3 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.5.1 0 3 a {[1]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.5.2 0 3 is {[1]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.5.3 0 3 test {[1]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.1.5.4 0 3 this {[1]}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test results when all references to certain tokens are deleted.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid IN (1,3);
-}
-
-# Still 4 segments because 0,3 will contain deletes for rowid 1 and 3.
-do_test fts2p-1.2.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3}
-do_test fts2p-1.2.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {{0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4}}
-
-check_terms_all fts2p-1.2.1 {a is test that this was}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.2.1.1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.2.1.2 is {}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.2.1.3 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.2.1.4 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.2.1.5 this {}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.2.1.6 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.2.2 0 0 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.2.1 0 0 a {[1 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.2.2 0 0 is {[1 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.2.3 0 0 test {[1 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.2.4 0 0 this {[1 0[0]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.2.3 0 1 {a test that was}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.3.1 0 1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.3.2 0 1 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.3.3 0 1 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.3.4 0 1 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.2.4 0 2 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.4.1 0 2 a {[3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.4.2 0 2 is {[3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.4.3 0 2 test {[3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.4.4 0 2 this {[3 0[0]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.2.5 0 3 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.5.1 0 3 a {[1] [3]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.5.2 0 3 is {[1] [3]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.5.3 0 3 test {[1] [3]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.2.5.4 0 3 this {[1] [3]}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test results when everything is optimized manually.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid IN (1,3);
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1old;
-  ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t1old;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) SELECT rowid, c FROM t1old;
-  DROP TABLE t1old;
-}
-
-# Should be a single optimal segment with the same logical results.
-do_test fts2p-1.3.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0}
-do_test fts2p-1.3.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {{0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4}}
-
-check_terms_all fts2p-1.3.1 {a test that was}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.3.1.1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.3.1.2 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.3.1.3 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2p-1.3.1.4 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2p-1.3.2 0 0 {a test that was}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.3.2.1 0 0 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.3.2.2 0 0 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.3.2.3 0 0 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2p-1.3.2.4 0 0 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2q.test b/sqlite/test/fts2q.test
deleted file mode 100644
index cba78d58..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2q.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,346 +0,0 @@
-# 2008 June 26
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The focus
-# of this script is testing the FTS2 module's optimize() function.
-#
-# $Id: fts2q.test,v 1.2 2008/07/22 23:49:44 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Probe to see if support for the FTS2 dump_* functions is compiled in.
-# TODO(shess): Change main.mk to do the right thing and remove this test.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'x');
-}
-
-set s {SELECT dump_terms(t1, 1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1}
-set r {1 {unable to use function dump_terms in the requested context}}
-if {[catchsql $s]==$r} {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Utility function to check for the expected terms in the segment
-# level/index.  _all version does same but for entire index.
-proc check_terms {test level index terms} {
-  # TODO(shess): Figure out why uplevel in do_test can't catch
-  # $level and $index directly.
-  set ::level $level
-  set ::index $index
-  do_test $test.terms {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_terms(t1, $::level, $::index) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $terms]
-}
-proc check_terms_all {test terms} {
-  do_test $test.terms {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_terms(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $terms]
-}
-
-# Utility function to check for the expected doclist for the term in
-# segment level/index.  _all version does same for entire index.
-proc check_doclist {test level index term doclist} {
-  # TODO(shess): Again, why can't the non-:: versions work?
-  set ::term $term
-  set ::level $level
-  set ::index $index
-  do_test $test {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_doclist(t1, $::term, $::level, $::index) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $doclist]
-}
-proc check_doclist_all {test term doclist} {
-  set ::term $term
-  do_test $test {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT dump_doclist(t1, $::term) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    }
-  } [list $doclist]
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test results when all rows are deleted and one is added back.
-# Previously older segments would continue to exist, but now the index
-# should be dropped when the table is empty.  The results should look
-# exactly like we never added the earlier rows in the first place.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE 1=1; -- Delete each row rather than dropping table.
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-}
-
-# Should be a single initial segment.
-do_test fts2q-1.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0}
-do_test fts2q-1.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {{0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4}}
-
-check_terms_all fts2q-1.1 {a is test this}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-1.1.1 a {[1 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-1.1.2 is {[1 0[1]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-1.1.3 test {[1 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-1.1.4 this {[1 0[0]]}
-
-check_terms   fts2q-1.2   0 0 {a is test this}
-check_doclist fts2q-1.2.1 0 0 a {[1 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-1.2.2 0 0 is {[1 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-1.2.3 0 0 test {[1 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-1.2.4 0 0 this {[1 0[0]]}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test results when everything is optimized manually.
-# NOTE(shess): This is a copy of fts2c-1.3.  I've pulled a copy here
-# because fts2q-2 and fts2q-3 should have identical results.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid IN (1,3);
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1old;
-  ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME TO t1old;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) SELECT rowid, c FROM t1old;
-  DROP TABLE t1old;
-}
-
-# Should be a single optimal segment with the same logical results.
-do_test fts2q-2.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0}
-do_test fts2q-2.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {{0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4}}
-
-check_terms_all fts2q-2.1 {a test that was}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-2.1.1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-2.1.2 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-2.1.3 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-2.1.4 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2q-2.2 0 0 {a test that was}
-check_doclist fts2q-2.2.1 0 0 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-2.2.2 0 0 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-2.2.3 0 0 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-2.2.4 0 0 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test results when everything is optimized via optimize().
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-  DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid IN (1,3);
-  SELECT OPTIMIZE(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-}
-
-# Should be a single optimal segment with the same logical results.
-do_test fts2q-3.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0}
-do_test fts2q-3.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {{0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4}}
-
-check_terms_all fts2q-3.1 {a test that was}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-3.1.1 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-3.1.2 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-3.1.3 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-3.1.4 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2q-3.2 0 0 {a test that was}
-check_doclist fts2q-3.2.1 0 0 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-3.2.2 0 0 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-3.2.3 0 0 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-3.2.4 0 0 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test optimize() against a table involving segment merges.
-# NOTE(shess): Since there's no transaction, each of the INSERT/UPDATE
-# statements generates a segment.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test one' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'That was a test one' WHERE rowid = 2;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test one' WHERE rowid = 3;
-
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test two' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'That was a test two' WHERE rowid = 2;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test two' WHERE rowid = 3;
-
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test three' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'That was a test three' WHERE rowid = 2;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test three' WHERE rowid = 3;
-
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test four' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'That was a test four' WHERE rowid = 2;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test four' WHERE rowid = 3;
-
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test' WHERE rowid = 1;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'That was a test' WHERE rowid = 2;
-  UPDATE t1 SET c = 'This is a test' WHERE rowid = 3;
-}
-
-# 2 segments in level 0, 1 in level 1 (18 segments created, 16
-# merged).
-do_test fts2q-4.segments {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {0 0 0 1 1 0}
-
-do_test fts2q-4.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} [list {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4} \
-        {0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4} \
-        {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4}]
-
-check_terms_all fts2q-4.1      {a four is one test that this three two was}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.1  a {[1 0[2]] [2 0[2]] [3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.2  four {}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.3  is {[1 0[1]] [3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.4  one {}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.5  test {[1 0[3]] [2 0[3]] [3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.6  that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.7  this {[1 0[0]] [3 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.8  three {}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.9  two {}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.1.10 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2q-4.2     0 0 {a four test that was}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.2.1 0 0 a {[2 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.2.2 0 0 four {[2]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.2.3 0 0 test {[2 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.2.4 0 0 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.2.5 0 0 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2q-4.3     0 1 {a four is test this}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.3.1 0 1 a {[3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.3.2 0 1 four {[3]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.3.3 0 1 is {[3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.3.4 0 1 test {[3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.3.5 0 1 this {[3 0[0]]}
-
-check_terms fts2q-4.4      1 0 {a four is one test that this three two was}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.1  1 0 a {[1 0[2]] [2 0[2]] [3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.2  1 0 four {[1] [2 0[4]] [3 0[4]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.3  1 0 is {[1 0[1]] [3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.4  1 0 one {[1] [2] [3]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.5  1 0 test {[1 0[3]] [2 0[3]] [3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.6  1 0 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.7  1 0 this {[1 0[0]] [3 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.8  1 0 three {[1] [2] [3]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.9  1 0 two {[1] [2] [3]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.4.10 1 0 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-# Optimize should leave the result in the level of the highest-level
-# prior segment.
-do_test fts2q-4.5 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OPTIMIZE(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {{Index optimized} 1 0}
-
-# Identical to fts2q-4.matches.
-do_test fts2q-4.5.matches {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OFFSETS(t1) FROM t1
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this OR that OR was OR a OR is OR test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} [list {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4} \
-        {0 1 0 4 0 2 5 3 0 3 9 1 0 5 11 4} \
-        {0 0 0 4 0 4 5 2 0 3 8 1 0 5 10 4}]
-
-check_terms_all fts2q-4.5.1     {a is test that this was}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.5.1.1 a {[1 0[2]] [2 0[2]] [3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.5.1.2 is {[1 0[1]] [3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.5.1.3 test {[1 0[3]] [2 0[3]] [3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.5.1.4 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.5.1.5 this {[1 0[0]] [3 0[0]]}
-check_doclist_all fts2q-4.5.1.6 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-check_terms fts2q-4.5.2     1 0 {a is test that this was}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.5.2.1 1 0 a {[1 0[2]] [2 0[2]] [3 0[2]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.5.2.2 1 0 is {[1 0[1]] [3 0[1]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.5.2.3 1 0 test {[1 0[3]] [2 0[3]] [3 0[3]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.5.2.4 1 0 that {[2 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.5.2.5 1 0 this {[1 0[0]] [3 0[0]]}
-check_doclist fts2q-4.5.2.6 1 0 was {[2 0[1]]}
-
-# Re-optimizing does nothing.
-do_test fts2q-5.0 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT OPTIMIZE(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {{Index already optimal} 1 0}
-
-# Even if we move things around, still does nothing.
-do_test fts2q-5.1 {
-  execsql {
-    UPDATE t1_segdir SET level = 2 WHERE level = 1 AND idx = 0;
-    SELECT OPTIMIZE(t1) FROM t1 LIMIT 1;
-    SELECT level, idx FROM t1_segdir ORDER BY level, idx;
-  }
-} {{Index already optimal} 2 0}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2r.test b/sqlite/test/fts2r.test
deleted file mode 100644
index c0be3671..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2r.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-# 2008 July 29
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# These tests exercise the various types of fts2 cursors.
-#
-# $Id: fts2r.test,v 1.1 2008/07/29 20:38:18 shess Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is not defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test table scan (QUERY_GENERIC).  This kind of query happens for
-# queries with no WHERE clause, or for WHERE clauses which cannot be
-# satisfied by an index.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (1, 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (2, 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (3, 'This is a test');
-}
-
-do_test fts2e-1.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {1 2 3}
-
-do_test fts2e-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE c LIKE '%test' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {1 2 3}
-
-do_test fts2e-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE c LIKE 'That%' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {2}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test lookup by rowid (QUERY_ROWID).  This kind of query happens for
-# queries which select by the rowid implicit index.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t2;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  CREATE TABLE t2(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, weight INTEGER UNIQUE);
-  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (null, 10);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (last_insert_rowid(), 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (null, 5);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (last_insert_rowid(), 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (null, 20);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (last_insert_rowid(), 'This is a test');
-}
-
-# TODO(shess): This actually is doing QUERY_GENERIC?  I'd have
-# expected QUERY_ROWID in this case, as for a very large table the
-# full scan is less efficient.
-do_test fts2e-2.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE rowid in (1, 2, 10);
-  }
-} {1 2}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT t1.rowid, weight FROM t1, t2 WHERE t2.id = t1.rowid ORDER BY weight;
-  }
-} {2 5 1 10 3 20}
-
-do_test fts2e-2.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT t1.rowid, weight FROM t1, t2
-           WHERE t2.weight>5 AND t2.id = t1.rowid ORDER BY weight;
-  }
-} {1 10 3 20}
-
-#*************************************************************************
-# Test lookup by MATCH (QUERY_FULLTEXT).  This is the fulltext index.
-db eval {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t2;
-  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(c);
-  CREATE TABLE t2(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, weight INTEGER UNIQUE);
-  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (null, 10);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (last_insert_rowid(), 'This is a test');
-  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (null, 5);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (last_insert_rowid(), 'That was a test');
-  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (null, 20);
-  INSERT INTO t1 (rowid, c) VALUES (last_insert_rowid(), 'This is a test');
-}
-
-do_test fts2e-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT rowid FROM t1 WHERE t1 MATCH 'this' ORDER BY rowid;
-  }
-} {1 3}
-
-do_test fts2e-3.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT t1.rowid, weight FROM t1, t2
-     WHERE t1 MATCH 'this' AND t1.rowid = t2.id ORDER BY weight;
-  }
-} {1 10 3 20}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts2token.test b/sqlite/test/fts2token.test
deleted file mode 100644
index de5f94d7..00000000
--- a/sqlite/test/fts2token.test
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,174 +0,0 @@
-# 2007 June 21
-#
-# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
-# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
-#
-#    May you do good and not evil.
-#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
-#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
-#
-#*************************************************************************
-# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library. The focus 
-# of this script is testing the pluggable tokeniser feature of the 
-# FTS2 module.
-#
-# $Id: fts2token.test,v 1.3 2007/06/25 12:05:40 danielk1977 Exp $
-#
-
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-
-# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS2 is defined, omit this file.
-ifcapable !fts2 {
-  finish_test
-  return
-}
-
-proc escape_string {str} {
-  set out ""
-  foreach char [split $str ""] {
-    scan $char %c i
-    if {$i<=127} {
-      append out $char
-    } else {
-      append out [format {\x%.4x} $i]
-    }
-  }
-  set out
-}
-
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test cases fts2token-1.* are the warm-body test for the SQL scalar
-# function fts2_tokenizer(). The procedure is as follows:
-#
-#   1: Verify that there is no such fts2 tokenizer as 'blah'.
-#
-#   2: Query for the built-in tokenizer 'simple'. Insert a copy of the
-#      retrieved value as tokenizer 'blah'.
-#
-#   3: Test that the value returned for tokenizer 'blah' is now the
-#      same as that retrieved for 'simple'.
-#
-#   4: Test that it is now possible to create an fts2 table using 
-#      tokenizer 'blah' (it was not possible in step 1).
-#
-#   5: Test that the table created to use tokenizer 'blah' is usable.
-#
-do_test fts2token-1.1 {
-  catchsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content, tokenize blah);
-  }
-} {1 {unknown tokenizer: blah}}
-do_test fts2token-1.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT fts2_tokenizer('blah', fts2_tokenizer('simple')) IS NULL;
-  }
-} {0}
-do_test fts2token-1.3 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT fts2_tokenizer('blah') == fts2_tokenizer('simple');
-  }
-} {1}
-do_test fts2token-1.4 {
-  catchsql {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts2(content, tokenize blah);
-  }
-} {0 {}}
-do_test fts2token-1.5 {
-  execsql {
-    INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('There was movement at the station');
-    INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('For the word has passed around');
-    INSERT INTO t1(content) VALUES('That the colt from ol regret had got away');
-    SELECT content FROM t1 WHERE content MATCH 'movement'
-  }
-} {{There was movement at the station}}
-
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test cases fts2token-2.* test error cases in the scalar function based
-# API for getting and setting tokenizers.
-#
-do_test fts2token-2.1 {
-  catchsql {
-    SELECT fts2_tokenizer('nosuchtokenizer');
-  }
-} {1 {unknown tokenizer: nosuchtokenizer}}
-
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test cases fts2token-3.* test the three built-in tokenizers with a
-# simple input string via the built-in test function. This is as much
-# to test the test function as the tokenizer implementations.
-#
-do_test fts2token-3.1 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT fts2_tokenizer_test('simple', 'I don''t see how');
-  }
-} {{0 i I 1 don don 2 t t 3 see see 4 how how}}
-do_test fts2token-3.2 {
-  execsql {
-    SELECT fts2_tokenizer_test('porter', 'I don''t see how');
-  }
-} {{0 i I 1 don don 2 t t 3 see see 4 how how}}
-ifcapable icu {
-  do_test fts2token-3.3 {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT fts2_tokenizer_test('icu', 'I don''t see how');
-    }
-  } {{0 i I 1 don't don't 2 see see 3 how how}}
-}
-
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Test cases fts2token-4.* test the ICU tokenizer. In practice, this
-# tokenizer only has two modes - "thai" and "everybody else". Some other
-# Asian languages (Lao, Khmer etc.) require the same special treatment as 
-# Thai, but ICU doesn't support them yet.
-#
-ifcapable icu {
-
-  proc do_icu_test {name locale input output} {
-    set ::out [db eval { SELECT fts2_tokenizer_test('icu', $locale, $input) }]
-    do_test $name {
-      lindex $::out 0
-    } $output
-  }
-  
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.1 en_US  {}   {}
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.2 en_US {Test cases fts2} [list \
-    0 test Test 1 cases cases 2 fts2 fts2
-  ]
-
-  # The following test shows that ICU is smart enough to recognise
-  # Thai chararacters, even when the locale is set to English/United 
-  # States.
-  #
-  set input "\u0e2d\u0e30\u0e44\u0e23\u0e19\u0e30\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a"
-  set output    "0 \u0e2d\u0e30\u0e44\u0e23 \u0e2d\u0e30\u0e44\u0e23 "
-  append output "1 \u0e19\u0e30 \u0e19\u0e30 "
-  append output "2 \u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a \u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a"
-
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.3 th_TH  $input $output
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.4 en_US  $input $output
-
-  # ICU handles an unknown locale by falling back to the default.
-  # So this is not an error.
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.5 MiddleOfTheOcean  $input $output
-
-  set    longtoken "AReallyReallyLongTokenOneThatWillSurelyRequire"
-  append longtoken "AReallocInTheIcuTokenizerCode"
-
-  set    input "short tokens then "
-  append input $longtoken
-  set    output "0 short short "
-  append output "1 tokens tokens "
-  append output "2 then then "
-  append output "3 [string tolower $longtoken] $longtoken"
-
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.6 MiddleOfTheOcean  $input $output
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.7 th_TH  $input $output
-  do_icu_test fts2token-4.8 en_US  $input $output
-}
-
-do_test fts2token-internal {
-  execsql { SELECT fts2_tokenizer_internal_test() }
-} {ok}
-
-finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts3conf.test b/sqlite/test/fts3conf.test
index 6ceef2c4..cd482901 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fts3conf.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts3conf.test
@@ -198,7 +198,8 @@ do_execsql_test 4.1.2 {
 do_execsql_test 4.1.3 {
   SELECT * FROM t0 WHERE t0 MATCH 'abc';
   INSERT INTO t0(t0) VALUES('integrity-check');
-} {}
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok}
 
 do_execsql_test 4.2.1 {
   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t01 USING fts4;
@@ -211,7 +212,8 @@ do_execsql_test 4.2.1 {
 do_execsql_test 4.2.2 {
   SELECT * FROM t01 WHERE t01 MATCH 'b';
   INSERT INTO t01(t01) VALUES('integrity-check');
-} {}
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok}
 
 do_execsql_test 4.3.1 {
   CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t02 USING fts4;
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts3corrupt4.test b/sqlite/test/fts3corrupt4.test
index f8e89b3a..433a4863 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fts3corrupt4.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts3corrupt4.test
@@ -2595,17 +2595,13 @@ do_execsql_test 17.1 {
     UPDATE t1 SET b=quote(zeroblob(200)) WHERE a MATCH 'thread*';
 }
 
-do_catchsql_test 17.2 {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
-
-do_execsql_test 17.3 {
+do_execsql_test 17.2 {
   INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('optimize');
 }
 
-do_catchsql_test 17.4 {
+do_catchsql_test 17.3 {
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
-} {1 {SQL logic error}}
+} {0 {}}
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 reset_db
@@ -5812,6 +5808,9 @@ do_execsql_test 35.0 {
 do_catchsql_test 35.1 {
   INSERT INTO f(f) VALUES ('integrity-check');
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
+do_execsql_test 35.2 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {{malformed inverted index for FTS3 table main.f}}
 
 reset_db
 do_catchsql_test 36.0 {
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts3fault3.test b/sqlite/test/fts3fault3.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6e1c0cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts3fault3.test
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# 2023 October 23 
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+set ::testprefix fts3fault
+
+# If SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3 is not defined, omit this file.
+ifcapable !fts3 { finish_test ; return }
+
+set ::TMPDBERROR [list 1 \
+  {unable to open a temporary database file for storing temporary tables}
+]
+
+
+# Test error handling in an "ALTER TABLE ... RENAME TO" statement on an
+# FTS3 table. Specifically, test renaming the table within a transaction
+# after it has been written to.
+#
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t1 USING fts3(a);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('test renaming the table');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(' after it has been written');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(' actually other stuff instead');
+}
+faultsim_save_and_close
+do_faultsim_test 1 -faults oom* -prep { 
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+  execsql {
+    BEGIN;
+      DELETE FROM t1 WHERE rowid=2;
+  }
+} -body {
+  execsql {
+    DELETE FROM t1;
+  }
+} -test {
+  catchsql { COMMIT }
+  faultsim_integrity_check
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
+}
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts3fuzz001.test b/sqlite/test/fts3fuzz001.test
index 41b22d33..6b1ae90e 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fts3fuzz001.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts3fuzz001.test
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
+set testprefix fts3fuzz001
 
 ifcapable !deserialize||!fts3 {
   finish_test
@@ -110,5 +111,31 @@ do_test fts3fuzz001-121 {
   }
 } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
 
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 200 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x1 USING fts3(x);
+
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('braes brag bragged bragger bragging');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('brags braid braided braiding braids');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('brain brainchild brained braining brains');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('brainstem brainstems brainstorm brainstorms');
+  INSERT INTO x1(x1) VALUES('nodesize=24');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 210 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok}
+
+do_execsql_test 220 {
+  INSERT INTO x1(x1) VALUES('merge=10,2')
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 220 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok}
+
+
+
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts4check.test b/sqlite/test/fts4check.test
index c94c3591..7f1004d8 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fts4check.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts4check.test
@@ -71,7 +71,10 @@ foreach {tn disruption} {
   do_catchsql_test 1.2.2.$tn {
     INSERT INTO t1 (t1) VALUES('integrity-check')
   } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
-  do_execsql_test  1.2.3.$tn "ROLLBACK"
+  do_execsql_test 1.2.3.$tn {
+    PRAGMA integrity_check;
+  } {{malformed inverted index for FTS4 table main.t1}}
+  do_execsql_test  1.2.4.$tn "ROLLBACK"
 }
 
 do_test 1.3 { fts_integrity db t1 } {ok}
@@ -106,7 +109,10 @@ foreach {tn disruption} {
   do_catchsql_test 2.2.2.$tn {
     INSERT INTO t2 (t2) VALUES('integrity-check')
   } {1 {database disk image is malformed}}
-  do_execsql_test  2.2.3.$tn "ROLLBACK"
+  do_test 2.2.3.$tn {
+    db eval {PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);}
+  } {{malformed inverted index for FTS4 table main.t2}}
+  do_execsql_test  2.2.4.$tn "ROLLBACK"
 }
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts4intck1.test b/sqlite/test/fts4intck1.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..abdc46bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts4intck1.test
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# 2023-10-23
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# 
+# Test PRAGMA integrity_check against and FTS3/FTS4 table.
+#
+
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+ifcapable !fts3 { finish_test ; return }
+
+set ::testprefix fts4intck1
+
+proc slang {in} {
+  return [string map {th d e eh} $in]
+}
+
+db function slang -deterministic -innocuous slang
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b TEXT, c TEXT AS (slang(b)));
+  INSERT INTO t1(b) VALUES('the quick fox jumps over the lazy brown dog');
+  SELECT c FROM t1;
+} {{deh quick fox jumps ovehr deh lazy brown dog}}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE t2 USING fts4(content="t1", c);
+  INSERT INTO t2(t2) VALUES('rebuild');
+  SELECT docid FROM t2 WHERE t2 MATCH 'deh';
+} {1}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.2 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {ok}
+
+db close
+sqlite3 db test.db
+do_execsql_test 2.1 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {{unable to validate the inverted index for FTS4 table main.t2: SQL logic error}}
+
+db function slang -deterministic -innocuous slang
+do_execsql_test 2.2 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {ok}
+
+proc slang {in} {return $in}
+do_execsql_test 2.3 {
+  PRAGMA integrity_check(t2);
+} {{malformed inverted index for FTS4 table main.t2}}
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts4langid.test b/sqlite/test/fts4langid.test
index 45e851f9..7be594bd 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fts4langid.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts4langid.test
@@ -499,7 +499,8 @@ do_execsql_test 6.0 {
 }
 do_execsql_test 6.1 {
   INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
-}
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+} {ok}
 do_execsql_test 6.2 {
   COMMIT;
   INSERT INTO vt0(vt0) VALUES('integrity-check');
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fts4merge.test b/sqlite/test/fts4merge.test
index 3cd69320..ffef0e93 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fts4merge.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/fts4merge.test
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
   do_test 1.0 { fts3_build_db_1 -module $mod 1004 } {}
   do_test 1.1 { fts3_integrity_check t1 } {ok}
   do_execsql_test 1.1 { 
-    SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level 
+    SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level 
   } {
     0 {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11} 
     1 {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13}
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
   }
   
   do_execsql_test 1.5 { 
-    SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level 
+    SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level 
   } {
     3 0
   }
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
   do_test 3.1 { fts3_integrity_check t2 } {ok}
   
   do_execsql_test 3.2 { 
-    SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t2_segdir GROUP BY level 
+    SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t2_segdir GROUP BY level 
   } {
     0 {0 1 2 3 4 5 6} 
     1 {0 1 2 3 4} 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
     foreach x {a c b d e f g h i j k l m n o p} {
       execsql "INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('[string repeat $x 600]')"
     }
-    execsql {SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t4_segdir GROUP BY level}
+    execsql {SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t4_segdir GROUP BY level}
   } {0 {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15}}
   
   foreach {tn expect} {
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
   do_execsql_test 4.4.2 {
     DELETE FROM t4_stat WHERE rowid=1;
     INSERT INTO t4(t4) VALUES('merge=1,12');
-    SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t4_segdir GROUP BY level;
+    SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t4_segdir GROUP BY level;
   } "0 {0 1 2 3 4 5}                     1 0"
   
   
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
   do_execsql_test 5.3 {
     INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('merge=1,5');
     INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('merge=1,5');
-    SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level;
+    SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level;
   } {
     1 {0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14} 
     2 {0 1 2 3}
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ foreach mod {fts3 fts4} {
   
   do_execsql_test 5.11 {
     INSERT INTO t1(t1) VALUES('merge=1,6');
-    SELECT level, group_concat(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level;
+    SELECT level, string_agg(idx, ' ') FROM t1_segdir GROUP BY level;
     SELECT quote(value) from t1_stat WHERE rowid=1;
   } {
     1 {0 1} 2 0 3 0 X'010E'
diff --git a/sqlite/test/func.test b/sqlite/test/func.test
index df9d4dac..883950a0 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/func.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/func.test
@@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ do_test func-0.1 {
 do_test func-1.0 {
   execsql {SELECT length(t1) FROM tbl1 ORDER BY t1}
 } {4 2 7 8 4}
+set isutf16 [regexp 16 [db one {PRAGMA encoding}]]
+do_execsql_test func-1.0b {
+  SELECT octet_length(t1) FROM tbl1 ORDER BY t1;
+} [expr {$isutf16?"8 4 14 16 8":"4 2 7 8 4"}]
 do_test func-1.1 {
   set r [catch {execsql {SELECT length(*) FROM tbl1 ORDER BY t1}} msg]
   lappend r $msg
@@ -57,9 +61,29 @@ do_test func-1.3 {
 do_test func-1.4 {
   execsql {SELECT coalesce(length(a),-1) FROM t2}
 } {1 -1 3 -1 5}
+do_execsql_test func-1.5 {
+  SELECT octet_length(12345);
+} [expr {(1+($isutf16!=0))*5}]
+db null NULL
+do_execsql_test func-1.6 {
+  SELECT octet_length(NULL);
+} {NULL}
+do_execsql_test func-1.7 {
+  SELECT octet_length(7.5);
+} [expr {(1+($isutf16!=0))*3}]
+do_execsql_test func-1.8 {
+  SELECT octet_length(x'30313233');
+} {4}
+do_execsql_test func-1.9 {
+  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(char(350,351,352,353,354)))
+  SELECT length(x), octet_length(x) FROM c;
+} {5 10}
+
+
 
 # Check out the substr() function
 #
+db null {}
 do_test func-2.0 {
   execsql {SELECT substr(t1,1,2) FROM tbl1 ORDER BY t1}
 } {fr is pr so th}
@@ -839,30 +863,13 @@ do_test func-18.11 {
   }
 } integer
 ifcapable floatingpoint {
-  do_test func-18.12 {
-    catchsql {
-      INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(1<<62);
-      SELECT sum(x) - ((1<<62)*2.0+1) from t6;
-    }
-  } {1 {integer overflow}}
-  do_test func-18.13 {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT total(x) - ((1<<62)*2.0+1) FROM t6
-    }
-  } 0.0
-}
-ifcapable !floatingpoint {
-  do_test func-18.12 {
-    catchsql {
-      INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(1<<62);
-      SELECT sum(x) - ((1<<62)*2+1) from t6;
-    }
+  do_catchsql_test func-18.12 {
+    INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(1<<62);
+    SELECT sum(x) - ((1<<62)*2.0+1) from t6;
   } {1 {integer overflow}}
-  do_test func-18.13 {
-    execsql {
-      SELECT total(x) - ((1<<62)*2+1) FROM t6
-    }
-  } 0.0
+  do_catchsql_test func-18.13 {
+    SELECT total(x) - ((1<<62)*2.0+1) FROM t6
+  } {0 0.0}
 }
 if {[working_64bit_int]} {
   do_test func-18.14 {
@@ -1129,18 +1136,18 @@ ifcapable deprecated {
   } {3}
 }
 
-# The group_concat() function.
+# The group_concat() and string_agg() functions.
 #
 do_test func-24.1 {
   execsql {
-    SELECT group_concat(t1) FROM tbl1
+    SELECT group_concat(t1), string_agg(t1,',') FROM tbl1
   }
-} {this,program,is,free,software}
+} {this,program,is,free,software this,program,is,free,software}
 do_test func-24.2 {
   execsql {
-    SELECT group_concat(t1,' ') FROM tbl1
+    SELECT group_concat(t1,' '), string_agg(t1,' ') FROM tbl1
   }
-} {{this program is free software}}
+} {{this program is free software} {this program is free software}}
 do_test func-24.3 {
   execsql {
     SELECT group_concat(t1,' ' || rowid || ' ') FROM tbl1
@@ -1153,9 +1160,9 @@ do_test func-24.4 {
 } {{}}
 do_test func-24.5 {
   execsql {
-    SELECT group_concat(t1,NULL) FROM tbl1
+    SELECT group_concat(t1,NULL), string_agg(t1,NULL) FROM tbl1
   }
-} {thisprogramisfreesoftware}
+} {thisprogramisfreesoftware thisprogramisfreesoftware}
 do_test func-24.6 {
   execsql {
     SELECT 'BEGIN-'||group_concat(t1) FROM tbl1
@@ -1520,6 +1527,30 @@ do_execsql_test func-36.110 {
   SELECT 123 ->> 456
 } {123->>456}
 
+# 2023-06-26
+# Enhanced precision of SUM().
+#
+reset_db
+do_catchsql_test func-37.100 {
+  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(9223372036854775807),(9223372036854775807),
+                      (123),(-9223372036854775807),(-9223372036854775807))
+  SELECT sum(x) FROM c;
+} {1 {integer overflow}}
+do_catchsql_test func-37.110 {
+  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(9223372036854775807),(1))
+  SELECT sum(x) FROM c;
+} {1 {integer overflow}}
+do_catchsql_test func-37.120 {
+  WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(9223372036854775807),(10000),(-10010))
+  SELECT sum(x) FROM c;
+} {1 {integer overflow}}
 
+# 2023-08-28 forum post https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/1c06ddcacc86032a
+# Incorrect handling of infinity by SUM().
+#
+do_execsql_test func-38.100 {
+  WITH t1(x) AS (VALUES(9e+999)) SELECT sum(x), avg(x), total(x) FROM t1;
+  WITH t1(x) AS (VALUES(-9e+999)) SELECT sum(x), avg(x), total(x) FROM t1;
+} {Inf Inf Inf -Inf -Inf -Inf}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/func9.test b/sqlite/test/func9.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6cf9fc31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/func9.test
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# 2023-08-29
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#*************************************************************************
+#
+# Test cases for SQL newer functions
+#
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+do_execsql_test func9-100 {
+  SELECT concat('abc',123,null,'xyz');
+} {abc123xyz}
+do_execsql_test func9-110 {
+  SELECT typeof(concat(null));
+} {text}
+do_catchsql_test func9-120 {
+  SELECT concat();
+} {1 {wrong number of arguments to function concat()}}
+do_execsql_test func9-130 {
+  SELECT concat_ws(',',1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,NULL,9,10,11,12);
+} {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12}
+do_execsql_test func9-140 {
+  SELECT concat_ws(NULL,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,NULL,9,10,11,12);
+} {{}}
+do_catchsql_test func9-150 {
+  SELECT concat_ws();
+} {1 {wrong number of arguments to function concat_ws()}}
+do_catchsql_test func9-160 {
+  SELECT concat_ws(',');
+} {1 {wrong number of arguments to function concat_ws()}}
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fuzzcheck.c b/sqlite/test/fuzzcheck.c
index 59bddc96..23200a5f 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/fuzzcheck.c
+++ b/sqlite/test/fuzzcheck.c
@@ -1130,6 +1130,44 @@ static int runDbSql(sqlite3 *db, const char *zSql, unsigned int *pBtsFlags){
   return sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
 }
 
+/* Mappings into dbconfig settings for bits taken from bytes 72..75 of
+** the input database.
+**
+** This should be the same as in dbsqlfuzz.c.  Make sure those codes stay
+** in sync.
+*/
+static const struct {
+  unsigned int mask;
+  int iSetting;
+  char *zName;
+} aDbConfigSettings[] = {
+  {  0x0001, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY,        "enable_fkey"        },
+  {  0x0002, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER,     "enable_trigger"     },
+  {  0x0004, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW,        "enable_view"        },
+  {  0x0008, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG,        "enable_qpsg"        },
+  {  0x0010, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP,        "trigger_eqp"        },
+  {  0x0020, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE,          "defensive"          },
+  {  0x0040, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA,    "writable_schema"    },
+  {  0x0080, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE, "legacy_alter_table" },
+  {  0x0100, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS,    "stmt_scanstatus"    },
+  {  0x0200, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER,  "reverse_scanorder"  },
+#ifdef SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STRICT_AGGREGATE
+  {  0x0400, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STRICT_AGGREGATE,   "strict_aggregate"   },
+#endif
+  {  0x0800, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML,            "dqs_dml"            },
+  {  0x1000, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL,            "dqs_ddl"            },
+  {  0x2000, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA,     "trusted_schema"     },
+};
+
+/* Toggle a dbconfig setting
+*/
+static void toggleDbConfig(sqlite3 *db, int iSetting){
+  int v = 0;
+  sqlite3_db_config(db, iSetting, -1, &v);
+  v = !v;
+  sqlite3_db_config(db, iSetting, v, 0);
+}
+
 /* Invoke this routine to run a single test case */
 int runCombinedDbSqlInput(
   const uint8_t *aData,      /* Combined DB+SQL content */
@@ -1148,6 +1186,9 @@ int runCombinedDbSqlInput(
   int nSql;                  /* Bytes of SQL text */
   FuzzCtx cx;                /* Fuzzing context */
   unsigned int btsFlags = 0; /* Parsing flags */
+  unsigned int dbFlags = 0;  /* Flag values from db offset 72..75 */
+  unsigned int dbOpt = 0;    /* Flag values from db offset 76..79 */
+
 
   if( nByte<10 ) return 0;
   if( sqlite3_initialize() ) return 0;
@@ -1163,6 +1204,14 @@ int runCombinedDbSqlInput(
   memset(&cx, 0, sizeof(cx));
   iSql = decodeDatabase((unsigned char*)aData, (int)nByte, &aDb, &nDb);
   if( iSql<0 ) return 0;
+  if( nDb>=75 ){
+    dbFlags = ((unsigned int)aDb[72]<<24) + ((unsigned int)aDb[73]<<16) +
+              ((unsigned int)aDb[74]<<8) + (unsigned int)aDb[75];
+  }
+  if( nDb>=79 ){
+    dbOpt = ((unsigned int)aDb[76]<<24) + ((unsigned int)aDb[77]<<16) +
+            ((unsigned int)aDb[78]<<8) + (unsigned int)aDb[79];
+  }
   nSql = (int)(nByte - iSql);
   if( bScript ){
     char zName[100];
@@ -1183,7 +1232,12 @@ int runCombinedDbSqlInput(
     sqlite3_free(aDb);
     return 1;
   }
-  sqlite3_db_config(cx.db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS, 1, 0);
+  sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS, cx.db, dbOpt);
+  for(i=0; i<sizeof(aDbConfigSettings)/sizeof(aDbConfigSettings[0]); i++){
+    if( dbFlags & aDbConfigSettings[i].mask ){
+      toggleDbConfig(cx.db, aDbConfigSettings[i].iSetting);
+    }
+  }
   if( bVdbeDebug ){
     sqlite3_exec(cx.db, "PRAGMA vdbe_debug=ON", 0, 0, 0);
   }
@@ -1979,7 +2033,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
       if( strcmp(z,"version")==0 ){
         int ii;
         const char *zz;
-        printf("SQLite %s %s\n", sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
+        printf("SQLite %s %s (%d-bit)\n",
+            sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(),
+            8*(int)sizeof(char*));
         for(ii=0; (zz = sqlite3_compileoption_get(ii))!=0; ii++){
           printf("%s\n", zz);
         }
@@ -2484,9 +2540,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
       printf("fuzzcheck: %u query invariants checked\n", g.nInvariant);
     }
     printf("fuzzcheck: 0 errors out of %d tests in %d.%03d seconds\n"
-           "SQLite %s %s\n",
+           "SQLite %s %s (%d-bit)\n",
            nTest, (int)(iElapse/1000), (int)(iElapse%1000),
-           sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid());
+           sqlite3_libversion(), sqlite3_sourceid(),
+           8*(int)sizeof(char*));
   }
   free(azSrcDb);
   free(pHeap);
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fuzzdata6.db b/sqlite/test/fuzzdata6.db
index b1424c21..67076d00 100644
Binary files a/sqlite/test/fuzzdata6.db and b/sqlite/test/fuzzdata6.db differ
diff --git a/sqlite/test/fuzzdata8.db b/sqlite/test/fuzzdata8.db
index a4969047..3e341800 100644
Binary files a/sqlite/test/fuzzdata8.db and b/sqlite/test/fuzzdata8.db differ
diff --git a/sqlite/test/gcfault.test b/sqlite/test/gcfault.test
index d54b78fa..2d77f9ef 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/gcfault.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/gcfault.test
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #***********************************************************************
 # This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
 # focus of this file is testing OOM error handling within the built-in 
-# group_concat() function.
+# group_concat() and string_agg() functions.
 #
 
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ foreach {enc} {
   }
 
   do_faultsim_test 1.$enc.2 -faults oom-t* -body {
-    execsql { SELECT group_concat(e, (SELECT s FROM s WHERE i=2)) FROM e }
+    execsql { SELECT string_agg(e, (SELECT s FROM s WHERE i=2)) FROM e }
   }
 
   do_faultsim_test 1.$enc.3 -faults oom-t* -prep {
diff --git a/sqlite/test/gencol1.test b/sqlite/test/gencol1.test
index f3fbb0df..ed7ea567 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/gencol1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/gencol1.test
@@ -662,11 +662,8 @@ do_execsql_test gencol1-23.4 {
 
 # 2023-03-07 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/b312e075b5
 #
-do_execsql_test gencol1-23.5 {
+do_catchsql_test gencol1-23.5 {
   CREATE TABLE v0(c1 INT, c2 AS (RAISE(IGNORE)));
-}
-do_catchsql_test gencol1-23.6 {
-  SELECT * FROM v0;
 } {1 {RAISE() may only be used within a trigger-program}}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/indexA.test b/sqlite/test/indexA.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..518d7e18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/indexA.test
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+# 2023 September 23
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+set testprefix indexA
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a TEXT, b, c);
+  CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(b, c) WHERE a='abc';
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES('abc', 1, 2);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.1 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a='abc'
+} {abc 1 2}
+
+do_eqp_test 1.2 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a='abc'
+} {USING COVERING INDEX i1}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.3 {
+  CREATE INDEX i2 ON t1(b, c) WHERE a=5;
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 4, 3);
+
+  SELECT a, typeof(a), b, c FROM t1 WHERE a=5;
+} {5 text 4 3}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.4 {
+  CREATE TABLE t2(x);
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES('v');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.5 {
+  SELECT x, a, b, c FROM t2 LEFT JOIN t1 ON (a=5 AND b=x)
+} {v {} {} {}}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.6 {
+  SELECT x, a, b, c FROM t2 RIGHT JOIN t1 ON (t1.a=5 AND t1.b=t2.x)
+} {{} abc 1 2   {} 5 4 3}
+
+do_eqp_test 1.7 {
+  SELECT x, a, b, c FROM t2 RIGHT JOIN t1 ON (t1.a=5 AND t1.b=t2.x)
+} {USING INDEX i2}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+
+do_execsql_test 2.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE x1(a TEXT, b, c);
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('2', 'two', 'ii');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('2.0', 'twopointoh', 'ii.0');
+
+  CREATE TABLE x2(a NUMERIC, b, c);
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('2', 'two', 'ii');
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('2.0', 'twopointoh', 'ii.0');
+
+  CREATE TABLE x3(a REAL, b, c);
+  INSERT INTO x3 VALUES('2', 'two', 'ii');
+  INSERT INTO x3 VALUES('2.0', 'twopointoh', 'ii.0');
+}
+
+foreach {tn idx} {
+  0 {
+  }
+  1 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a=2;
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a=2;
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a=2;
+  }
+  2 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a=2.0;
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a=2.0;
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a=2.0;
+  }
+  3 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a='2.0';
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a='2.0';
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a='2.0';
+  }
+  4 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a='2';
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a='2';
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a='2';
+  }
+} {
+  execsql { DROP INDEX IF EXISTS i1 }
+  execsql { DROP INDEX IF EXISTS i2 }
+  execsql { DROP INDEX IF EXISTS i3 }
+
+  execsql $idx
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.1 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a=2
+  } {2 two ii text}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.2 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a=2.0
+  } {2.0 twopointoh ii.0 text}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.3 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a='2'
+  } {2 two ii text}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.4 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a='2.0'
+  } {2.0 twopointoh ii.0 text}
+
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.5 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a=2
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.6 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a=2.0
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.7 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a='2'
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.8 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a='2.0'
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.9 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a=2
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.10 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a=2.0
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.11 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a='2'
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+  do_execsql_test 2.1.$tn.12 {
+    SELECT *, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a='2.0'
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+
+}
+
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 3.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE x1(a TEXT, d PRIMARY KEY, b, c) WITHOUT ROWID;
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('2', 1, 'two', 'ii');
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES('2.0', 2, 'twopointoh', 'ii.0');
+
+  CREATE TABLE x2(a NUMERIC, b, c, d PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID;
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('2', 'two', 'ii', 1);
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('2.0', 'twopointoh', 'ii.0', 2);
+
+  CREATE TABLE x3(d PRIMARY KEY, a REAL, b, c) WITHOUT ROWID;
+  INSERT INTO x3 VALUES(34, '2', 'two', 'ii');
+  INSERT INTO x3 VALUES(35, '2.0', 'twopointoh', 'ii.0');
+}
+
+foreach {tn idx} {
+  0 {
+  }
+  1 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a=2;
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a=2;
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a=2;
+  }
+  2 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a=2.0;
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a=2.0;
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a=2.0;
+  }
+  3 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a='2.0';
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a='2.0';
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a='2.0';
+  }
+  4 {
+    CREATE INDEX i1 ON x1(b, c) WHERE a='2';
+    CREATE INDEX i2 ON x2(b, c) WHERE a='2';
+    CREATE INDEX i3 ON x3(b, c) WHERE a='2';
+  }
+} {
+  execsql { DROP INDEX IF EXISTS i1 }
+  execsql { DROP INDEX IF EXISTS i2 }
+  execsql { DROP INDEX IF EXISTS i3 }
+
+  execsql $idx
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.1 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a=2
+  } {2 two ii text}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.2 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a=2.0
+  } {2.0 twopointoh ii.0 text}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.3 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a='2'
+  } {2 two ii text}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.4 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x1 WHERE a='2.0'
+  } {2.0 twopointoh ii.0 text}
+
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.5 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a=2
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.6 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a=2.0
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.7 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a='2'
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.8 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x2 WHERE a='2.0'
+  } {2 two ii integer 2 twopointoh ii.0 integer}
+
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.9 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a=2
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.10 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a=2.0
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.11 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a='2'
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+  do_execsql_test 3.1.$tn.12 {
+    SELECT a, b, c, typeof(a) FROM x3 WHERE a='2.0'
+  } {2.0 two ii real 2.0 twopointoh ii.0 real}
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 4.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t2(a INTEGER, b TEXT);
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(3, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 'three');
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2, 'three');
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(3, 'three');
+
+  CREATE INDEX t2a_two ON t2(a) WHERE b='two';
+}
+
+# explain_i { SELECT sum(a), b FROM t2 WHERE b='two' }
+do_execsql_test 4.1.1 {
+  SELECT sum(a), b FROM t2 WHERE b='two'
+} {6 two}
+do_eqp_test 4.1.2 {
+  SELECT sum(a), b FROM t2 WHERE b='two'
+} {USING COVERING INDEX t2a_two}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 5.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMQRY KEY, b, c);
+}
+do_catchsql_test 5.1 {
+  CREATE INDEX ex1 ON t1(c) WHERE b IS 'abc' COLLATE g;
+} {1 {no such collation sequence: g}}
+
+proc xyz {lhs rhs} {
+  return [string compare $lhs $rhs]
+}
+db collate xyz xyz
+do_execsql_test 5.2 {
+  CREATE INDEX ex1 ON t1(c) WHERE b IS 'abc' COLLATE xyz;
+}
+db close
+sqlite3 db test.db
+do_execsql_test 5.3 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 6.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c);
+  CREATE TABLE t2(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y INTEGER, z INTEGER);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 1, 1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 1, 2);
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1, 5, 1);
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2, 5, 2);
+
+  CREATE INDEX t2z ON t2(z) WHERE y=5;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.1 {
+  ANALYZE;
+  UPDATE sqlite_stat1 SET stat = '50 1' WHERE idx='t2z';
+  UPDATE sqlite_stat1 SET stat = '50' WHERE tbl='t2' AND idx IS NULL;
+  UPDATE sqlite_stat1 SET stat = '5000' WHERE tbl='t1' AND idx IS NULL;
+  ANALYZE sqlite_schema;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.2 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1, t2 WHERE b=1 AND z=c AND y=5;
+} {
+  1 1 1  1 5 1
+  2 1 2  2 5 2
+}
+
+do_eqp_test 6.3 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1, t2 WHERE b=1 AND z=c AND y=5;
+} {BLOOM FILTER ON t2}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.4 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON (y=5) WHERE b=1 AND z IS c;
+} {
+  1 1 1  1 5 1
+  2 1 2  2 5 2
+}
+
+do_eqp_test 6.5 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON (y=5) WHERE b=1 AND z IS c;
+} {BLOOM FILTER ON t2}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.6 {
+  CREATE INDEX t2yz ON t2(y, z) WHERE y=5;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.7 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON (y=5) WHERE b=1 AND z IS c;
+} {
+  1 1 1  1 5 1
+  2 1 2  2 5 2
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 7.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(i INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b TEXT, c TEXT);
+  CREATE INDEX i1 ON t1(c) WHERE b='abc' AND i=5;
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 'abc', 'xyz');
+  SELECT * FROM t1 INDEXED BY i1 WHERE b='abc' AND i=5 ORDER BY c;
+} {5 abc xyz}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 8.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);
+  CREATE INDEX ex2 ON t1(a, 4);
+  CREATE INDEX ex1 ON t1(a) WHERE 4=b;
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 4, 1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 5, 1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 4, 2);
+}
+do_execsql_test 8.1 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE b=4;
+} {
+  1 4 1  2 4 2
+}
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/join5.test b/sqlite/test/join5.test
index 85e09c57..44c8b71a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/join5.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/join5.test
@@ -302,14 +302,34 @@ do_execsql_test 7.3 {
   ANALYZE sqlite_schema;
 }
 
+# If both sides of the OR reference the right-hand side of the LEFT JOIN
+# then simplify the LEFT JOIN.
+#
 do_eqp_test 7.4 {
   SELECT * FROM t3 LEFT JOIN t4 ON (t4.x = t3.x) WHERE (t4.y = ? OR t4.z = ?);
+} {
+  QUERY PLAN
+  |--SCAN t4
+  `--SEARCH t3 USING COVERING INDEX t3x (x=?)
+} 
+# If only one side of the OR references the right-hand side of the LEFT JOIN
+# then do not do the simplification
+#
+do_eqp_test 7.4b {
+  SELECT * FROM t3 LEFT JOIN t4 ON (t4.x = t3.x) WHERE (t4.y = ? OR t3.x = ?);
 } {
   QUERY PLAN
   |--SCAN t3
   `--SEARCH t4 USING INDEX t4xz (x=?) LEFT-JOIN
 } 
-do_eqp_test 7.4b {
+do_eqp_test 7.4c {
+  SELECT * FROM t3 LEFT JOIN t4 ON (t4.x = t3.x) WHERE (t3.x = ? OR t4.z = ?);
+} {
+  QUERY PLAN
+  |--SCAN t3
+  `--SEARCH t4 USING INDEX t4xz (x=?) LEFT-JOIN
+} 
+do_eqp_test 7.4d {
   SELECT * FROM t3 CROSS JOIN t4 ON (t4.x = t3.x) WHERE (+t4.y = ? OR t4.z = ?);
 } {
   QUERY PLAN
diff --git a/sqlite/test/joinA.test b/sqlite/test/joinA.test
index d6bb678c..04d1e68c 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/joinA.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/joinA.test
@@ -210,5 +210,68 @@ foreach {id schema} {
     18  28  38  48  -   -   - 
     19  -   29  39  -   49  - 
   }
+
+  # Verified by PG-14
+  do_execsql_test joinA-$id.201 {
+    SELECT a,b,c,d,t2.e,f,t3.e,t1.a
+      FROM t1
+           FULL JOIN t2 USING(c,d)
+           FULL JOIN t3 USING(a,b,f)
+           FULL JOIN t4 USING(a,c,d,f)
+     WHERE t1.a!=0
+    ORDER BY 1 nulls first, 3 nulls first;
+  } {
+    11  21  31  41  -   -   -  11
+    12  22  32  42  -   -   -  12
+    15  25  35  45  -   -   -  15
+    18  28  38  48  -   -   -  18
+  }
+
+  # Verified by PG-14
+  do_execsql_test joinA-$id.202 {
+    SELECT a,b,c,d,t2.e,f,t3.e,t3.a
+      FROM t1
+           FULL JOIN t2 USING(c,d)
+           FULL JOIN t3 USING(a,b,f)
+           FULL JOIN t4 USING(a,c,d,f)
+     WHERE t3.a!=0
+    ORDER BY 1 nulls first, 3 nulls first;
+  } {
+    14  24  -   -   -   44  34  14
+    15  25  -   -   -   45  35  15
+    16  26  -   -   -   46  36  16
+  }
+
+  # Verified by PG-14
+  do_execsql_test joinA-$id.203 {
+    SELECT a,b,c,d,t2.e,f,t3.e,t4.a
+      FROM t1
+           FULL JOIN t2 USING(c,d)
+           FULL JOIN t3 USING(a,b,f)
+           FULL JOIN t4 USING(a,c,d,f)
+     WHERE t4.a!=0
+    ORDER BY 1 nulls first, 3 nulls first;
+  } {
+    11  -   21  31  -   41  -  11
+    13  -   23  33  -   43  -  13
+    16  -   26  36  -   46  -  16
+    19  -   29  39  -   49  -  19
+  }
+
+  # Verified by PG-14
+  do_execsql_test joinA-$id.204 {
+    SELECT a,b,c,d,t2.e,f,t3.e
+      FROM t1
+           FULL JOIN t2 USING(c,d)
+           FULL JOIN t3 USING(a,b,f)
+           FULL JOIN t4 USING(a,c,d,f)
+     WHERE t2.e!=0
+    ORDER BY 1 nulls first, 3 nulls first;
+  } {
+    -   -   12  22  32  42  - 
+    -   -   13  23  33  43  - 
+    -   -   15  25  35  45  - 
+    -   -   17  27  37  47  - 
+  }
 }
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/joinH.test b/sqlite/test/joinH.test
index 78d15562..0fed7f2a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/joinH.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/joinH.test
@@ -120,4 +120,135 @@ do_execsql_test 5.5 {
   SELECT * FROM t0 RIGHT JOIN t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON (0)
 } {}
 
+
+reset_db
+db null NULL
+do_execsql_test 6.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INT);
+  CREATE TABLE t2(b INT);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3);
+  SELECT CASE WHEN t2.b THEN 0 ELSE 1 END FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON true;
+} {1}
+do_execsql_test 6.1 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON true WHERE CASE WHEN t2.b THEN 0 ELSE 1 END;
+} {3 NULL}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 7.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
+  CREATE TABLE t2(c);
+  CREATE TABLE t3(d);
+
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ('a', 'a');
+  INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('ddd');
+  INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1234);
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 7.1 {
+  SELECT t2.rowid FROM t1 JOIN (t2 JOIN t3);
+} {1}
+
+do_execsql_test 7.1 {
+  UPDATE t1 SET b = t2.rowid FROM t2, t3;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 7.2 { 
+  SELECT * FROM t1
+} {a 1}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 8.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE x1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
+  CREATE TABLE x2(c, d);
+  CREATE TABLE x3(rowid, _rowid_);
+
+  CREATE TABLE x4(rowid, _rowid_, oid);
+
+  INSERT INTO x1 VALUES(1000, 'thousand');
+  INSERT INTO x2 VALUES('c', 'd');
+  INSERT INTO x3(oid, rowid, _rowid_) VALUES(43, 'hello', 'world');
+  INSERT INTO x4(oid, rowid, _rowid_) VALUES('forty three', 'hello', 'world');
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 8.1 {
+  SELECT x3.oid FROM x1 JOIN (x2 JOIN x3 ON c='c')
+} 43
+
+breakpoint
+do_execsql_test 8.2 {
+  SELECT x3.rowid FROM x1 JOIN (x2 JOIN x3 ON c='c')
+} {hello}
+
+do_execsql_test 8.3 {
+  SELECT x4.oid FROM x1 JOIN (x2 JOIN x4 ON c='c')
+} {{forty three}}
+
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 9.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE x1(a);
+  CREATE TABLE x2(b);
+  CREATE TABLE x3(c);
+
+  CREATE TABLE wo1(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT ROWID;
+  CREATE TABLE wo2(a PRIMARY KEY, rowid) WITHOUT ROWID;
+  CREATE TABLE wo3(a PRIMARY KEY, b) WITHOUT ROWID;
+}
+
+do_catchsql_test 9.1 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM wo1, x1, x2;
+} {1 {no such column: rowid}}
+do_catchsql_test 9.2 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM wo1, (x1, x2);
+} {1 {no such column: rowid}}
+do_catchsql_test 9.3 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM wo1 JOIN (x1 JOIN x2);
+} {1 {no such column: rowid}}
+do_catchsql_test 9.4 {
+  SELECT a FROM wo1, x1, x2;
+} {1 {ambiguous column name: a}}
+
+
+# It is not possible to use "rowid" in a USING clause.
+#
+do_catchsql_test 9.5 {
+  SELECT * FROM x1 JOIN x2 USING (rowid);
+} {1 {cannot join using column rowid - column not present in both tables}}
+do_catchsql_test 9.6 {
+  SELECT * FROM wo2 JOIN x2 USING (rowid);
+} {1 {cannot join using column rowid - column not present in both tables}}
+
+# "rowid" columns are not matched by NATURAL JOIN. If they were, then
+# the SELECT below would return zero rows.
+do_execsql_test 9.7 {
+  INSERT INTO x1(rowid, a) VALUES(101, 'A');
+  INSERT INTO x2(rowid, b) VALUES(55, 'B');
+  SELECT * FROM x1 NATURAL JOIN x2;
+} {A B}
+
+do_execsql_test 9.8 {
+  INSERT INTO wo1(a, b) VALUES('mya', 'myb');
+  INSERT INTO wo2(a, rowid) VALUES('mypk', 'myrowid');
+  INSERT INTO wo3(a, b) VALUES('MYA', 'MYB');
+  INSERT INTO x3(rowid, c) VALUES(99, 'x3B');
+}
+
+do_catchsql_test 9.8 {
+  SELECT rowid FROM x1 JOIN (x2 JOIN wo2);
+} {0 myrowid}
+do_catchsql_test 9.9 {
+  SELECT _rowid_ FROM wo1 JOIN (wo3 JOIN x3)
+} {0 99}
+do_catchsql_test 9.10 {
+  SELECT oid FROM wo1 JOIN (wo3 JOIN x3)
+} {0 99}
+do_catchsql_test 9.11 {
+  SELECT oid FROM wo2 JOIN (wo3 JOIN x3)
+} {0 99}
+
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/json/README.md b/sqlite/test/json/README.md
index 6a161149..55044ffc 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/json/README.md
+++ b/sqlite/test/json/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 The files in this subdirectory are used to help measure the performance
-of the SQLite JSON parser.
+of the SQLite JSON functions, especially in relation to handling large
+JSON inputs.
 
 # 1.0 Prerequisites
 
@@ -7,6 +8,8 @@ of the SQLite JSON parser.
 
   2.  Fossil
 
+  3.  tclsh
+
 # 2.0 Setup
 
   1.  Run: "`tclsh json-generator.tcl | sqlite3 json100mb.db`" to create
@@ -14,14 +17,27 @@ of the SQLite JSON parser.
       file lands in the directory from which you will run tests, not in
       the test/json subdirectory of the source tree.
 
-  2.  Build the baseline sqlite3.c file.  ("`make sqlite3.c`")
+  2.  Build the baseline sqlite3.c file with sqlite3.h and shell.c.
+      ("`CFLAGS='-Os -g' make -e clean sqlite3.c`")
 
-  3.  Run "`sh json-speed-check-1.sh trunk`".   This creates the baseline
+  3.  Run "`sh json-speed-check.sh trunk`".   This creates the baseline
       profile in "jout-trunk.txt".
 
 # 3.0 Testing
 
-  1.  Build the sqlite3.c to be tested.
+  1.  Build the sqlite3.c (with sqlite3.h and shell.c) to be tested.
 
-  2.  Run "`sh json-speed-check-1.sh x1`".  The profile output will appear
+  2.  Run "`sh json-speed-check.sh x1`".  The profile output will appear
       in jout-x1.txt.  Substitute any label you want in place of "x1".
+
+  3.  Run the script shown below in the CLI.
+      Divide 2500 by the real elapse time from this test
+      to get an estimate for number of MB/s that the JSON parser is
+      able to process.
+
+> ~~~~
+.open json100mb.db
+.timer on
+WITH RECURSIVE c(n) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM c WHERE n<25)
+SELECT sum(json_valid(x)) FROM c, data1;
+~~~~
diff --git a/sqlite/test/json/json-q1.txt b/sqlite/test/json/json-q1.txt
index 0395f0c0..d122a2d8 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/json/json-q1.txt
+++ b/sqlite/test/json/json-q1.txt
@@ -2,3 +2,23 @@
 .timer on
 .param set $label 'q87'
 SELECT rowid, x->>$label FROM data1 WHERE x->>$label IS NOT NULL;
+
+CREATE TEMP TABLE t2(x JSON TEXT);
+WITH RECURSIVE
+  c(x) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT x+1 FROM c WHERE x<25000),
+  array1(y) AS (
+    SELECT json_group_array(
+             json_object('x',x,'y',random(),'z',hex(randomblob(50)))
+           )
+      FROM c
+  ),
+  c2(n) AS (VALUES(1) UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM c2 WHERE n<5)
+INSERT INTO t2(x)
+  SELECT json_object('a',n,'b',n*2,'c',y,'d',3,'e',5,'f',6) FROM array1, c2;
+CREATE INDEX t2x1 ON t2(x->>'a');
+CREATE INDEX t2x2 ON t2(x->>'b');
+CREATE INDEX t2x3 ON t2(x->>'e');
+CREATE INDEX t2x4 ON t2(x->>'f');
+UPDATE t2 SET x=json_replace(x,'$.f',(x->>'f')+1);
+UPDATE t2 SET x=json_set(x,'$.e',(x->>'f')-1);
+UPDATE t2 SET x=json_remove(x,'$.d');
diff --git a/sqlite/test/json101.test b/sqlite/test/json101.test
index 543e4c71..c62991bb 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/json101.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/json101.test
@@ -119,17 +119,20 @@ do_execsql_test json101-4.7 {
 do_execsql_test json101-4.8 {
   SELECT x FROM j1 WHERE json_insert(x)<>x;
 } {}
+do_execsql_test json101-4.9 {
+  SELECT json_insert('{"a":1}','$.b',CAST(x'0000' AS text));
+} {{{"a":1,"b":"\u0000\u0000"}}}
 
 # json_extract(JSON,'$') will return objects and arrays without change.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-4.10 {
+do_execsql_test json101-4.10 {
   SELECT count(*) FROM j1 WHERE json_type(x) IN ('object','array');
   SELECT x FROM j1
    WHERE json_extract(x,'$')<>x
      AND json_type(x) IN ('object','array');
 } {4}
 
-do_execsql_test json-5.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.1 {
   CREATE TABLE j2(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, json, src);
   INSERT INTO j2(id,json,src)
   VALUES(1,'{
@@ -257,7 +260,7 @@ do_execsql_test json-5.1 {
    SELECT count(*) FROM j2;
 } {3}
 
-do_execsql_test json-5.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.2 {
   SELECT id, json_valid(json), json_type(json), '|' FROM j2 ORDER BY id;
 } {1 1 object | 2 1 object | 3 1 array |}
 
@@ -268,13 +271,13 @@ ifcapable !vtab {
 
 # fullkey is always the same as path+key (with appropriate formatting)
 #
-do_execsql_test json-5.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.3 {
   SELECT j2.rowid, jx.rowid, fullkey, path, key
     FROM j2, json_tree(j2.json) AS jx
    WHERE fullkey!=(path || CASE WHEN typeof(key)=='integer' THEN '['||key||']'
                                 ELSE '.'||key END);
 } {}
-do_execsql_test json-5.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.4 {
   SELECT j2.rowid, jx.rowid, fullkey, path, key
     FROM j2, json_each(j2.json) AS jx
    WHERE fullkey!=(path || CASE WHEN typeof(key)=='integer' THEN '['||key||']'
@@ -285,58 +288,58 @@ do_execsql_test json-5.4 {
 # Verify that the json_each.json and json_tree.json output is always the
 # same as input.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-5.5 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.5 {
   SELECT j2.rowid, jx.rowid, fullkey, path, key
     FROM j2, json_each(j2.json) AS jx
    WHERE jx.json<>j2.json;
 } {}
-do_execsql_test json-5.6 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.6 {
   SELECT j2.rowid, jx.rowid, fullkey, path, key
     FROM j2, json_tree(j2.json) AS jx
    WHERE jx.json<>j2.json;
 } {}
-do_execsql_test json-5.7 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.7 {
   SELECT j2.rowid, jx.rowid, fullkey, path, key
     FROM j2, json_each(j2.json) AS jx
    WHERE jx.value<>jx.atom AND type NOT IN ('array','object');
 } {}
-do_execsql_test json-5.8 {
+do_execsql_test json101-5.8 {
   SELECT j2.rowid, jx.rowid, fullkey, path, key
     FROM j2, json_tree(j2.json) AS jx
    WHERE jx.value<>jx.atom AND type NOT IN ('array','object');
 } {}
 
-do_execsql_test json-6.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.1 {
   SELECT json_valid('{"a":55,"b":72,}');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-6.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.2 {
   SELECT json_error_position('{"a":55,"b":72,}');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-6.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.3 {
   SELECT json_valid(json('{"a":55,"b":72,}'));
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-6.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.4 {
   SELECT json_valid('{"a":55,"b":72 , }');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-6.5 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.5 {
   SELECT json_error_position('{"a":55,"b":72 , }');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-6.6 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.6 {
   SELECT json_error_position('{"a":55,"b":72,,}');
 } {16}
-do_execsql_test json-6.7 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.7 {
   SELECT json_valid('{"a":55,"b":72}');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-6.8 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.8 {
   SELECT json_error_position('["a",55,"b",72,]');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-6.9 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.9 {
   SELECT json_error_position('["a",55,"b",72 , ]');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-6.10 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.10 {
   SELECT json_error_position('["a",55,"b",72,,]');
 } {16}
-do_execsql_test json-6.11 {
+do_execsql_test json101-6.11 {
   SELECT json_valid('["a",55,"b",72]');
 } {1}
 
@@ -352,7 +355,7 @@ foreach {tn isvalid ws} {
   7.6  1  char(0x20,0x09,0x0a,0x0d,0x20)
   7.7  0  char(0x20,0x09,0x0a,0x0c,0x0d,0x20)
 } {
-  do_execsql_test json-$tn.1 \
+  do_execsql_test json101-$tn.1 \
     "SELECT json_valid(printf('%s{%s\"x\"%s:%s9%s}%s',
          $::ws,$::ws,$::ws,$::ws,$::ws,$::ws));" \
   $isvalid
@@ -361,23 +364,23 @@ foreach {tn isvalid ws} {
 # Ticket https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/ad2559db380abf8e
 # Control characters must be escaped in JSON strings.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-8.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-8.1 {
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t8;
   CREATE TABLE t8(a,b);
   INSERT INTO t8(a) VALUES('abc' || char(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35) || 'xyz');
   UPDATE t8 SET b=json_array(a);
   SELECT b FROM t8;
 } {{["abc\u0001\u0002\u0003\u0004\u0005\u0006\u0007\b\t\n\u000b\f\r\u000e\u000f\u0010\u0011\u0012\u0013\u0014\u0015\u0016\u0017\u0018\u0019\u001a\u001b\u001c\u001d\u001e\u001f !\"#xyz"]}}
-do_execsql_test json-8.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-8.2 {
   SELECT a=json_extract(b,'$[0]') FROM t8;
 } {1}
 
 # 2017-04-12.  Regression reported on the mailing list by Rolf Ade
 #
-do_execsql_test json-8.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-8.3 {
   SELECT json_valid(char(0x22,0xe4,0x22));
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-8.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-8.4 {
   SELECT unicode(json_extract(char(0x22,228,0x22),'$'));
 } {228}
 
@@ -385,331 +388,331 @@ do_execsql_test json-8.4 {
 # String values are quoted and interior quotes are escaped.  NULL values
 # are rendered as the unquoted string "null".
 #
-do_execsql_test json-9.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-9.1 {
   SELECT json_quote('abc"xyz');
 } {{"abc\"xyz"}}
-do_execsql_test json-9.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-9.2 {
   SELECT json_quote(3.14159);
 } {3.14159}
-do_execsql_test json-9.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-9.3 {
   SELECT json_quote(12345);
 } {12345}
-do_execsql_test json-9.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-9.4 {
   SELECT json_quote(null);
 } {"null"}
-do_catchsql_test json-9.5 {
+do_catchsql_test json101-9.5 {
   SELECT json_quote(x'30313233');
 } {1 {JSON cannot hold BLOB values}}
-do_catchsql_test json-9.6 {
+do_catchsql_test json101-9.6 {
   SELECT json_quote(123,456)
 } {1 {wrong number of arguments to function json_quote()}}
-do_catchsql_test json-9.7 {
+do_catchsql_test json101-9.7 {
   SELECT json_quote()
 } {1 {wrong number of arguments to function json_quote()}}
 
 # Make sure only valid backslash-escapes are accepted.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-10.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.1 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \  "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.2 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \! "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.3 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \" "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.4 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \# "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.5 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.5 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \$ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.6 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.6 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \% "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.7 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.7 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \& "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.8 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.8 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \'' "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.9 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.9 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \( "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.10 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.10 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \) "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.11 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.11 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \* "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.12 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.12 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \+ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.13 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.13 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \, "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.14 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.14 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \- "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.15 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.15 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \. "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.16 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.16 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \/ "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.17 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.17 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \0 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.18 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.18 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \1 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.19 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.19 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \2 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.20 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.20 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \3 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.21 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.21 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \4 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.22 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.22 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \5 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.23 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.23 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \6 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.24 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.24 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \7 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.25 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.25 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \8 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.26 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.26 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \9 "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.27 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.27 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \: "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.28 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.28 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \; "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.29 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.29 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \< "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.30 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.30 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \= "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.31 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.31 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \> "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.32 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.32 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \? "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.33 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.33 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \@ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.34 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.34 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \A "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.35 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.35 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \B "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.36 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.36 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \C "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.37 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.37 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \D "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.38 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.38 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \E "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.39 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.39 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \F "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.40 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.40 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \G "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.41 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.41 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \H "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.42 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.42 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \I "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.43 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.43 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \J "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.44 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.44 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \K "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.45 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.45 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \L "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.46 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.46 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \M "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.47 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.47 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \N "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.48 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.48 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \O "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.49 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.49 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \P "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.50 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.50 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \Q "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.51 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.51 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \R "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.52 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.52 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \S "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.53 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.53 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \T "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.54 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.54 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \U "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.55 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.55 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \V "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.56 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.56 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \W "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.57 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.57 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \X "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.58 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.58 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \Y "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.59 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.59 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \Z "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.60 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.60 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \[ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.61 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.61 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \\ "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.62 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.62 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \] "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.63 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.63 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \^ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.64 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.64 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \_ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.65 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.65 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \` "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.66 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.66 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \a "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.67 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.67 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \b "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.68 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.68 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \c "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.69 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.69 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \d "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.70 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.70 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \e "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.71 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.71 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \f "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.72 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.72 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \g "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.73 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.73 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \h "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.74 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.74 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \i "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.75 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.75 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \j "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.76 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.76 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \k "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.77 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.77 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \l "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.78 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.78 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \m "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.79 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.79 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \n "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.80 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.80 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \o "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.81 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.81 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \p "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.82 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.82 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \q "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.83 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.83 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \r "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.84 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.84 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \s "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.85 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.85 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \t "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.0 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.0 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \u "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.1 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \ua "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.2 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \uab "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.3 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \uabc "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.4 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \uabcd "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.5 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.5 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \uFEDC "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.86.6 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.86.6 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \u1234 "');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-10.87 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.87 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \v "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.88 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.88 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \w "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.89 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.89 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \x "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.90 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.90 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \y "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.91 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.91 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \z "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.92 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.92 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \{ "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.93 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.93 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \| "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.94 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.94 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \} "');
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-10.95 {
+do_execsql_test json101-10.95 {
   SELECT json_valid('" \~ "');
 } {0}
 
@@ -719,20 +722,20 @@ do_execsql_test json-10.95 {
 #
 # The following tests confirm that deeply nested JSON is considered invalid.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-11.0 {
+do_execsql_test json101-11.0 {
   /* Shallow enough to be parsed */
   SELECT json_valid(printf('%.1000c0%.1000c','[',']'));
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-11.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-11.1 {
   /* Too deep by one */
   SELECT json_valid(printf('%.1001c0%.1001c','[',']'));
 } {0}
-do_execsql_test json-11.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-11.2 {
   /* Shallow enough to be parsed { */
   SELECT json_valid(replace(printf('%.1000c0%.1000c','[','}'),'[','{"a":'));
   /* } */
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-11.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-11.3 {
   /* Too deep by one { */
   SELECT json_valid(replace(printf('%.1001c0%.1001c','[','}'),'[','{"a":'));
   /* } */
@@ -742,7 +745,7 @@ do_execsql_test json-11.3 {
 # a json structure even though the element name constains a "."
 # character, by quoting the element name in the path.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-12.100 {
+do_execsql_test json101-12.100 {
   CREATE TABLE t12(x);
   INSERT INTO t12(x) VALUES(
     '{"settings":
@@ -766,11 +769,11 @@ do_execsql_test json-12.100 {
         }
      }');
 } {}
-do_execsql_test json-12.110 {
+do_execsql_test json101-12.110 {
   SELECT json_remove(x, '$.settings.layer2."dis.legomenon".forceDisplay')
     FROM t12;
 } {{{"settings":{"layer2":{"hapax.legomenon":{"forceDisplay":true,"transliterate":true,"add.footnote":true,"summary.report":true},"dis.legomenon":{"transliterate":false,"add.footnote":false,"summary.report":true},"tris.legomenon":{"forceDisplay":true,"transliterate":false,"add.footnote":false,"summary.report":false}}}}}}
-do_execsql_test json-12.120 {
+do_execsql_test json101-12.120 {
   SELECT json_extract(x, '$.settings.layer2."tris.legomenon"."summary.report"')
     FROM t12;
 } {0}
@@ -779,7 +782,7 @@ do_execsql_test json-12.120 {
 # ticket https://www.sqlite.org/src/tktview/80177f0c226ff54f6ddd41
 # Make sure the query planner knows about the arguments to table-valued functions.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-13.100 {
+do_execsql_test json101-13.100 {
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t2;
   CREATE TABLE t1(id, json);
@@ -794,7 +797,7 @@ do_execsql_test json-13.100 {
    WHERE EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM json_each(t1.json,'$.items') AS Z
                  WHERE Z.value==t2.id);
 } {1 {{"items":[3,5]}} 3 {{"value":3}} 1 {{"items":[3,5]}} 5 {{"value":5}}}
-do_execsql_test json-13.110 {
+do_execsql_test json101-13.110 {
   SELECT * FROM t2 CROSS JOIN t1
    WHERE EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM json_each(t1.json,'$.items') AS Z
                  WHERE Z.value==t2.id);
@@ -804,28 +807,28 @@ do_execsql_test json-13.110 {
 # Incorrect fullkey output from json_each()
 # when the input JSON is not an array or object.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-14.100 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.100 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_each('123');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.110 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.110 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_each('123.56');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.120 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.120 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_each('"hello"');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.130 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.130 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_each('null');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.140 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.140 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_tree('123');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.150 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.150 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_tree('123.56');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.160 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.160 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_tree('"hello"');
 } {$}
-do_execsql_test json-14.170 {
+do_execsql_test json101-14.170 {
   SELECT fullkey FROM json_tree('null');
 } {$}
 
@@ -835,16 +838,16 @@ do_execsql_test json-14.170 {
 #
 # Bug reported via private email. See TH3 for more information.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-15.100 {
+do_execsql_test json101-15.100 {
   SELECT * FROM JSON_EACH('{"a":1, "b":2}');
 } {a 1 integer 1 2 {} {$.a} {$} b 2 integer 2 4 {} {$.b} {$}}
-do_execsql_test json-15.110 {
+do_execsql_test json101-15.110 {
   SELECT xyz.* FROM JSON_EACH('{"a":1, "b":2}') AS xyz;
 } {a 1 integer 1 2 {} {$.a} {$} b 2 integer 2 4 {} {$.b} {$}}
-do_execsql_test json-15.120 {
+do_execsql_test json101-15.120 {
   SELECT * FROM (JSON_EACH('{"a":1, "b":2}'));
 } {a 1 integer 1 2 {} {$.a} {$} b 2 integer 2 4 {} {$.b} {$}}
-do_execsql_test json-15.130 {
+do_execsql_test json101-15.130 {
   SELECT xyz.* FROM (JSON_EACH('{"a":1, "b":2}')) AS xyz;
 } {a 1 integer 1 2 {} {$.a} {$} b 2 integer 2 4 {} {$.b} {$}}
 
@@ -852,18 +855,18 @@ do_execsql_test json-15.130 {
 # Mailing list bug report on the handling of surrogate pairs
 # in JSON.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-16.10 {
+do_execsql_test json101-16.10 {
   SELECT length(json_extract('"abc\uD834\uDD1Exyz"','$'));
 } {7}
-do_execsql_test json-16.20 {
+do_execsql_test json101-16.20 {
   SELECT length(json_extract('"\uD834\uDD1E"','$'));
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-16.30 {
+do_execsql_test json101-16.30 {
   SELECT unicode(json_extract('"\uD834\uDD1E"','$'));
 } {119070}
 
 # 2022-01-30 dbsqlfuzz 4678cf825d27f87c9b8343720121e12cf944b71a
-do_execsql_test json-17.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-17.1 {
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t2;
   CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c);
@@ -872,19 +875,19 @@ do_execsql_test json-17.1 {
 } {}
 
 # 2022-04-04 forum post https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/c082aeab43
-do_execsql_test json-18.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-18.1 {
   SELECT json_valid('{"":5}');
 } {1}
-do_execsql_test json-18.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-18.2 {
   SELECT json_extract('{"":5}', '$.""');
 } {5}
-do_execsql_test json-18.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-18.3 {
   SELECT json_extract('[3,{"a":4,"":[5,{"hi":6},7]},8]', '$[1].""[1].hi');
 } {6}
-do_execsql_test json-18.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-18.4 {
   SELECT json_extract('[3,{"a":4,"":[5,{"hi":6},7]},8]', '$[1].""[1]."hi"');
 } {6}
-do_catchsql_test json-18.5 {
+do_catchsql_test json101-18.5 {
   SELECT json_extract('{"":8}', '$.');
 } {1 {JSON path error near ''}}
 
@@ -893,28 +896,28 @@ do_catchsql_test json-18.5 {
 # a problem with transaction control.  But the json() function makes
 # the problem more easily accessible, so it is tested here.
 #
-do_execsql_test json-19.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-19.1 {
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
   CREATE TABLE t1(x);
 } {}
-do_catchsql_test json-19.2 {
+do_catchsql_test json101-19.2 {
   BEGIN;
   INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0), (json('not-valid-json'));
 } {1 {malformed JSON}}
-do_execsql_test json-19.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-19.3 {
   COMMIT;
   SELECT * FROM t1;
 } {}
 
 # 2023-03-17 positive and negative infinities
 #
-do_execsql_test json-20.1 {
+do_execsql_test json101-20.1 {
   SELECT json_object('a',2e370,'b',-3e380);
 } {{{"a":9.0e+999,"b":-9.0e+999}}}
-do_execsql_test json-20.2 {
+do_execsql_test json101-20.2 {
   SELECT json_object('a',2e370,'b',-3e380)->>'a';
 } Inf
-do_execsql_test json-20.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-20.3 {
   SELECT json_object('a',2e370,'b',-3e380)->>'b';
 } {-Inf}
 
@@ -923,91 +926,133 @@ do_execsql_test json-20.3 {
 # a NULL value as the JSON input.
 #
 db null NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.1 {
-  SELECT json_valid(NULL);
-} NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.2 {
+if {[db exists {SELECT * FROM pragma_compile_options WHERE compile_options LIKE '%legacy_json_valid%'}]} {
+  do_execsql_test json101-21.1-legacy {
+    SELECT json_valid(NULL);
+  } 0
+} else {
+  do_execsql_test json101-21.1-correct {
+    SELECT json_valid(NULL);
+  } NULL
+}
+do_execsql_test json101-21.2 {
   SELECT json_error_position(NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.3 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.3 {
   SELECT json(NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.4 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.4 {
   SELECT json_array(NULL);
 } {[null]}
-do_execsql_test json-21.5 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.5 {
   SELECT json_extract(NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.6 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.6 {
   SELECT json_insert(NULL,'$',123);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.7 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.7 {
   SELECT NULL->0;
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.8 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.8 {
   SELECT NULL->>0;
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.9 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.9 {
   SELECT '{a:5}'->NULL;
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.10 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.10 {
   SELECT '{a:5}'->>NULL;
 } NULL
-do_catchsql_test json-21.11 {
+do_catchsql_test json101-21.11 {
   SELECT json_object(NULL,5);
 } {1 {json_object() labels must be TEXT}}
-do_execsql_test json-21.12 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.12 {
   SELECT json_patch(NULL,'{a:5}');
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.13 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.13 {
   SELECT json_patch('{a:5}',NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.14 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.14 {
   SELECT json_patch(NULL,NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.15 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.15 {
   SELECT json_remove(NULL,'$');
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.16 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.16 {
   SELECT json_remove('{a:5,b:7}',NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.17 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.17 {
   SELECT json_replace(NULL,'$.a',123);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.18 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.18 {
   SELECT json_replace('{a:5,b:7}',NULL,NULL);
 } {{{"a":5,"b":7}}}
-do_execsql_test json-21.19 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.19 {
   SELECT json_set(NULL,'$.a',123);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.20 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.20 {
   SELECT json_set('{a:5,b:7}',NULL,NULL);
 } {{{"a":5,"b":7}}}
-do_execsql_test json-21.21 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.21 {
   SELECT json_type(NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.22 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.22 {
   SELECT json_type('{a:5,b:7}',NULL);
 } NULL
-do_execsql_test json-21.23 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.23 {
   SELECT json_quote(NULL);
 } null
-do_execsql_test json-21.24 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.24 {
   SELECT count(*) FROM json_each(NULL);
 } 0
-do_execsql_test json-21.25 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.25 {
   SELECT count(*) FROM json_tree(NULL);
 } 0
-do_execsql_test json-21.26 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.26 {
   WITH c(x) AS (VALUES(1),(2.0),(NULL),('three'))
   SELECT json_group_array(x) FROM c;
 } {[1,2.0,null,"three"]}
-do_execsql_test json-21.27 {
+do_execsql_test json101-21.27 {
   WITH c(x,y) AS (VALUES('a',1),('b',2.0),('c',NULL),(NULL,'three'),('e','four'))
   SELECT json_group_object(x,y) FROM c;
 } {{{"a":1,"b":2.0,"c":null,:"three","e":"four"}}}
 
+# 2023-10-09 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/b25edc1d46
+# UAF due to JSON cache overflow
+#
+do_execsql_test json101-22.1 {
+  SELECT json_set(
+    '{}',
+    '$.a', json('1'),
+    '$.a', json('2'),
+    '$.b', json('3'),
+    '$.b', json('4'),
+    '$.c', json('5'),
+    '$.c', json('6')
+  );
+} {{{"a":2,"b":4,"c":6}}}
+do_execsql_test json101-22.2 {
+  SELECT json_replace(
+    '{"a":7,"b":8,"c":9}',
+    '$.a', json('1'),
+    '$.a', json('2'),
+    '$.b', json('3'),
+    '$.b', json('4'),
+    '$.c', json('5'),
+    '$.c', json('6')
+  );
+} {{{"a":2,"b":4,"c":6}}}
 
+# 2023-10-17 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/fc0e3f1e2a
+# Incorrect accesss to '$[0]' in parsed + edited JSON.
+#
+do_execsql_test json101-23.1 {
+  SELECT j, j->>0, j->>1
+    FROM (SELECT json_set(json_set('[]','$[#]',0), '$[#]',1) AS j);
+} {{[0,1]} 0 1}
+do_execsql_test json101-23.2 {
+  SELECT j, j->>0, j->>1
+    FROM (SELECT json_set('[]','$[#]',0,'$[#]',1) AS j);
+} {{[0,1]} 0 1}
 
 
 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/json102.test b/sqlite/test/json102.test
index bfd5e7ed..ce901efe 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/json102.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/json102.test
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ do_execsql_test json102-180 {
 do_execsql_test json102-190 {
   SELECT json_array_length('[1,2,3,4]');
 } {{4}}
+do_execsql_test json102-191 {
+  SELECT json_array_length( json_remove('[1,2,3,4]','$[2]') );
+} {{3}}
 do_execsql_test json102-200 {
   SELECT json_array_length('[1,2,3,4]', '$');
 } {{4}}
@@ -397,4 +400,22 @@ do_execsql_test json102-1610 {
   6 {}        null {}        null    {}        null
 ]
 
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test json102-1700 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a1 DATE, a2 INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, a3 INTEGER, memo TEXT);
+  CREATE INDEX t1x1 ON t1(a3, a1, memo->>'y');
+  INSERT INTO t1(a2,a1,a3,memo) VALUES (876, '2023-08-03', 5, '{"x":77,"y":4}');
+}
+do_execsql_test json102-1710 {
+  UPDATE t1 SET memo = JSON_REMOVE(memo, '$.y');
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+  SELECT * FROM t1;
+} {ok 2023-08-03 876 5 {{"x":77}}}
+do_execsql_test json102-1720 {
+  UPDATE t1 SET memo = JSON_SET(memo, '$.y', 6)
+    WHERE a2 IN (876) AND JSON_TYPE(memo, '$.y') IS NULL;
+  PRAGMA integrity_check;
+  SELECT * FROM t1;
+} {ok 2023-08-03 876 5 {{"x":77,"y":6}}}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/kvtest.c b/sqlite/test/kvtest.c
index 04dc0104..624c80b7 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/kvtest.c
+++ b/sqlite/test/kvtest.c
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ static const char zHelp[] =
 #endif
 
 /*
-** Show thqe help text and quit.
+** Show the help text and quit.
 */
 static void showHelp(void){
   fprintf(stdout, "%s", zHelp);
diff --git a/sqlite/test/like.test b/sqlite/test/like.test
index e8662dc6..d314e96a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/like.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/like.test
@@ -1140,4 +1140,24 @@ do_execsql_test 17.1 {
 } {1}
 
 
+# 2023-08-15 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/925dc9f67804c540
+#
+reset_db
+sqlite3_db_config db DEFENSIVE 1
+db eval {PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF}
+do_execsql_test 18.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(x INT, y TEXT);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,'abc'),(2,'ABC'),(3,'Abc');
+  CREATE VIEW t2 AS SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE y LIKE 'a%';
+  SELECT * FROM t2;
+} {1 abc 2 ABC 3 Abc}
+do_execsql_test 18.1 {
+  PRAGMA case_sensitive_like=OFF;
+  SELECT * FROM t2;
+} {1 abc 2 ABC 3 Abc}
+do_execsql_test 18.2 {
+  PRAGMA case_sensitive_like=ON;
+  SELECT * FROM t2;
+} {1 abc}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/memdb2.test b/sqlite/test/memdb2.test
index 286bfc3f..7c214499 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/memdb2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/memdb2.test
@@ -74,4 +74,3 @@ foreach {tn fname} {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/memjournal2.test b/sqlite/test/memjournal2.test
index ec5ba56d..d08bcb5a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/memjournal2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/memjournal2.test
@@ -59,5 +59,3 @@ for {set jj 200} {$jj <= 300} {incr jj} {
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/mutex1.test b/sqlite/test/mutex1.test
index 0fc8368f..cb189a7a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/mutex1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/mutex1.test
@@ -115,6 +115,14 @@ ifcapable threadsafe1&&shared_cache {
     }
   } {
 
+    # For journal_mode=memory, the static_prng mutex is not required. This
+    # is because the header of an in-memory journal does not contain
+    # any random bytes, and so no call to sqlite3_randomness() is made.
+    if {[permutation]=="inmemory_journal"} {
+      set idx [lsearch $mutexes static_prng]
+      if {$idx>=0} { set mutexes [lreplace $mutexes $idx $idx] }
+    }
+
     do_test mutex1.2.$mode.1 {
       catch {db close}
       sqlite3_shutdown
diff --git a/sqlite/test/pendingrace.test b/sqlite/test/pendingrace.test
index f0e1a18f..ef42578f 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/pendingrace.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/pendingrace.test
@@ -121,6 +121,3 @@ tvfs delete
 tvfs2 delete
 
 finish_test
-
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/permutations.test b/sqlite/test/permutations.test
index eb173f79..25aa7de0 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/permutations.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/permutations.test
@@ -10,9 +10,11 @@
 #***********************************************************************
 #
 
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-source $testdir/tester.tcl
-db close
+if {[info vars ::trd::tcltest]==""} {
+  set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+  source $testdir/tester.tcl
+  db close
+}
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # test_suite NAME OPTIONS
@@ -813,117 +815,111 @@ test_suite "inmemory_journal" -description {
   recoverpgsz.test
 }]
 
-ifcapable mem3 {
-  test_suite "memsys3" -description {
-    Run tests using the allocator in mem3.c.
-  } -files [test_set $::allquicktests -exclude {
-    autovacuum.test           delete3.test              manydb.test
-    bigrow.test               incrblob2.test            memdb.test
-    bitvec.test               index2.test               memsubsys1.test
-    capi3c.test               ioerr.test                memsubsys2.test
-    capi3.test                join3.test                pagesize.test
-    collate5.test             limit.test                backup_ioerr.test
-    backup_malloc.test
-  }] -initialize {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_reset_auto_extension
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    sqlite3_config_heap 25000000 0
-    sqlite3_config_lookaside 0 0
-    ifcapable mem5 {
-      # If both memsys3 and memsys5 are enabled in the build, the call to
-      # [sqlite3_config_heap] will initialize the system to use memsys5.
-      # The following overrides this preference and installs the memsys3
-      # allocator.
-      sqlite3_install_memsys3
-    }
-    install_malloc_faultsim 1 
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  } -shutdown {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    sqlite3_config_heap 0 0
-    sqlite3_config_lookaside 100 500
-    install_malloc_faultsim 1 
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
+test_suite "memsys3" -description {
+  Run tests using the allocator in mem3.c.
+} -files [test_set $::allquicktests -exclude {
+  autovacuum.test           delete3.test              manydb.test
+  bigrow.test               incrblob2.test            memdb.test
+  bitvec.test               index2.test               memsubsys1.test
+  capi3c.test               ioerr.test                memsubsys2.test
+  capi3.test                join3.test                pagesize.test
+  collate5.test             limit.test                backup_ioerr.test
+  backup_malloc.test
+}] -initialize {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_reset_auto_extension
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  sqlite3_config_heap 25000000 0
+  sqlite3_config_lookaside 0 0
+  ifcapable mem5 {
+    # If both memsys3 and memsys5 are enabled in the build, the call to
+    # [sqlite3_config_heap] will initialize the system to use memsys5.
+    # The following overrides this preference and installs the memsys3
+    # allocator.
+    sqlite3_install_memsys3
   }
+  install_malloc_faultsim 1 
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
+} -shutdown {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  sqlite3_config_heap 0 0
+  sqlite3_config_lookaside 100 500
+  install_malloc_faultsim 1 
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
 }
 
-ifcapable mem5 {
-  test_suite "memsys5" -description {
-    Run tests using the allocator in mem5.c.
-  } -files [test_set $::allquicktests -exclude {
-    autovacuum.test           delete3.test              manydb.test
-    bigrow.test               incrblob2.test            memdb.test
-    bitvec.test               index2.test               memsubsys1.test
-    capi3c.test               ioerr.test                memsubsys2.test
-    capi3.test                join3.test                pagesize.test
-    collate5.test             limit.test                zeroblob.test
-  }] -initialize {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    sqlite3_config_heap 25000000 64
-    sqlite3_config_lookaside 0 0
-    install_malloc_faultsim 1 
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  } -shutdown {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    sqlite3_config_heap 0 0
-    sqlite3_config_lookaside 100 500
-    install_malloc_faultsim 1 
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  }
+test_suite "memsys5" -description {
+  Run tests using the allocator in mem5.c.
+} -files [test_set $::allquicktests -exclude {
+  autovacuum.test           delete3.test              manydb.test
+  bigrow.test               incrblob2.test            memdb.test
+  bitvec.test               index2.test               memsubsys1.test
+  capi3c.test               ioerr.test                memsubsys2.test
+  capi3.test                join3.test                pagesize.test
+  collate5.test             limit.test                zeroblob.test
+}] -initialize {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  sqlite3_config_heap 25000000 64
+  sqlite3_config_lookaside 0 0
+  install_malloc_faultsim 1 
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
+} -shutdown {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  sqlite3_config_heap 0 0
+  sqlite3_config_lookaside 100 500
+  install_malloc_faultsim 1 
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
+}
 
-  test_suite "memsys5-2" -description {
-    Run tests using the allocator in mem5.c in a different configuration.
-  } -files {
-    select1.test 
-  } -initialize {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    sqlite3_config_memstatus 0
-    sqlite3_config_heap 40000000 16
-    sqlite3_config_lookaside 0 0
-    install_malloc_faultsim 1 
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  } -shutdown {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    sqlite3_config_heap 0 0
-    sqlite3_config_lookaside 100 500
-    install_malloc_faultsim 1 
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  }
+test_suite "memsys5-2" -description {
+  Run tests using the allocator in mem5.c in a different configuration.
+} -files {
+  select1.test 
+} -initialize {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  sqlite3_config_memstatus 0
+  sqlite3_config_heap 40000000 16
+  sqlite3_config_lookaside 0 0
+  install_malloc_faultsim 1 
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
+} -shutdown {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  sqlite3_config_heap 0 0
+  sqlite3_config_lookaside 100 500
+  install_malloc_faultsim 1 
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
 }
 
-ifcapable threadsafe {
-  test_suite "no_mutex_try" -description {
-     The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface always fails
-  } -files [
-    test_set $::allquicktests -exclude mutex1.test mutex2.test
-  ] -initialize {
-    catch {db close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    install_mutex_counters 1
-    set ::disable_mutex_try 1
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  } -shutdown {
-    catch {db close}
-    catch {db2 close}
-    catch {db3 close}
-    sqlite3_shutdown
-    install_mutex_counters 0
-    sqlite3_initialize
-    autoinstall_test_functions
-  }
+test_suite "no_mutex_try" -description {
+   The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface always fails
+} -files [
+  test_set $::allquicktests -exclude mutex1.test mutex2.test
+] -initialize {
+  catch {db close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  install_mutex_counters 1
+  set ::disable_mutex_try 1
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
+} -shutdown {
+  catch {db close}
+  catch {db2 close}
+  catch {db3 close}
+  sqlite3_shutdown
+  install_mutex_counters 0
+  sqlite3_initialize
+  autoinstall_test_functions
 }
 
 # run_tests "crash_safe_append" -description {
diff --git a/sqlite/test/quickcheck.test b/sqlite/test/quickcheck.test
index 94016e84..18c42a13 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/quickcheck.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/quickcheck.test
@@ -31,4 +31,3 @@ do_execsql_test 1.1 {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/releasetest_data.tcl b/sqlite/test/releasetest_data.tcl
index 2f4e71e8..4ed57a9c 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/releasetest_data.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/test/releasetest_data.tcl
@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ array set ::Configs [strip_comments {
     --enable-session
     -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RBU
   }
+  "All-Debug" {
+    --enable-debug --enable-all
+  }
+  "All-O0" {
+    -O0 --enable-all
+  }
   "Sanitize" {
     CC=clang -fsanitize=address,undefined
     -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
@@ -257,6 +263,7 @@ array set ::Configs [strip_comments {
     -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
     -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE
     -DSQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
+    -DLONGDOUBLE_TYPE=double
     -DCONFIG_SLOWDOWN_FACTOR=8.0
   }
 
@@ -671,6 +678,12 @@ proc main_trscript {args} {
             lappend opts -DSQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
             lappend opts -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION
           }
+          --enable-all {
+          }
+          --enable-debug {
+            # lappend makeOpts OPTIMIZATIONS=0
+            lappend opts -DSQLITE_DEBUG
+          }
           default {
             error "Cannot translate $param for MSVC"
           }
@@ -716,7 +729,12 @@ proc main_trscript {args} {
     puts "  \$SRCDIR/configure --with-tcl=\$TCL $configOpts"
     puts {fi}
     puts {}
-    puts {OPTS="      -DSQLITE_NO_SYNC=1"}
+    if {[info exists ::env(OPTS)]} {
+      puts "# From environment variable:"
+      puts "OPTS=$::env(OPTS)"
+      puts ""
+    }
+    puts {OPTS="$OPTS -DSQLITE_NO_SYNC=1"}
     foreach o $opts { 
       puts "OPTS=\"\$OPTS $o\"" 
     }
diff --git a/sqlite/test/round1.test b/sqlite/test/round1.test
index 2244a399..2857593b 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/round1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/round1.test
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ for {set iTest 1} {$iTest<=50000} {incr iTest} {
    set r2 $x1.$x4
    set ans [string trimright $r2 0]
    if {[string match *. $ans]} {set ans ${ans}0}
-   do_test $iTest/$n/${r}5=>$ans {
-     set x [db one "SELECT round(${r}5,$n)"]
+   do_test $iTest/$n/${r}6=>$ans {
+     set x [db one "SELECT round(${r}6,$n)"]
    } $ans
 }
 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/rowvalue9.test b/sqlite/test/rowvalue9.test
index aee5e7ea..baa13f4f 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/rowvalue9.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/rowvalue9.test
@@ -350,5 +350,3 @@ do_eqp_test 9.5e {
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/rowvalueA.test b/sqlite/test/rowvalueA.test
index dc5a7a01..8760c2c3 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/rowvalueA.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/rowvalueA.test
@@ -74,4 +74,3 @@ do_catchsql_test 2.3 {
 } {1 {row value misused}}
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/scanstatus2.test b/sqlite/test/scanstatus2.test
index fb62af21..e4b510d2 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/scanstatus2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/scanstatus2.test
@@ -55,11 +55,12 @@ proc get_cycles {stmt} {
   dict get $r nCycle
 }
 
-proc foreach_scan {varname stmt body} {
+proc foreach_scan {varname stmt body {debug 0}} {
   upvar $varname var
-
   for {set ii 0} {1} {incr ii} {
-    set r [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus -flags complex $stmt $ii]
+    set f "complex"
+    if {$debug} { set f "complex debug" }
+    set r [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus -flags $f $stmt $ii]
     if {[llength $r]==0} break
     array set var $r
     uplevel $body
@@ -102,6 +103,15 @@ proc puts_graph {sql} {
   puts [string trim [get_graph $stmt]]
 }
 
+proc puts_debug_info {sql} {
+  db eval $sql
+  set stmt [db version -last-stmt-ptr]
+  foreach_scan X $stmt {
+    puts -nonewline "$X(debug_explain) $X(zExplain): "
+    puts -nonewline "loop=$X(debug_loop) visit=$X(debug_visit) "
+    puts            "csr=$X(debug_csr) range=$X(debug_range)"
+  } 1
+}
 
 do_zexplain_test 0 1.1 {
   SELECT (SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b=x) FROM t2 WHERE y=2
@@ -135,8 +145,8 @@ do_graph_test 1.4 {
 QUERY (nCycle=nnn)
 --MATERIALIZE v2 (nCycle=nnn)
 ----SCAN t2 (nCycle=nnn)
---SCAN v2 (nCycle=nnn)
 --SCAN t1 (nCycle=nnn)
+--SCAN v2 (nCycle=nnn)
 --USE TEMP B-TREE FOR ORDER BY (nCycle=nnn)
 }
 
@@ -235,7 +245,7 @@ do_graph_test 4.5 {
 QUERY (nCycle=nnn)
 --CO-ROUTINE v1
 ----SCAN rt2 (nCycle=nnn)
-----USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY
+----USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY (nCycle=nnn)
 --SCAN rt1 (nCycle=nnn)
 --CREATE AUTOMATIC INDEX ON v1(x1, cnt) (nCycle=nnn)
 --BLOOM FILTER ON v1 (x1=?)
@@ -270,6 +280,55 @@ ifcapable trace {
   } {{SCAN t1} {SCAN t1} {SCAN t1}}
 }
 
-finish_test
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+sqlite3_db_config db STMT_SCANSTATUS 1
 
+do_execsql_test 6.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'one');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2, 'two');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 'three');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 'four');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 'five');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(6, 'six');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7, 'seven');
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(8, 'eight');
+}
 
+do_graph_test 6.1 {
+  SELECT (a % 2), group_concat(b) FROM t1 GROUP BY 1
+} {
+QUERY (nCycle=nnn)
+--SCAN t1 (nCycle=nnn)
+--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY (nCycle=nnn)
+}
+
+set sql {
+  WITH xy(x, y) AS ( SELECT (a % 2), group_concat(b) FROM t1 GROUP BY 1)
+  SELECT * FROM xy WHERE x=1
+}
+do_graph_test 6.2 $sql {
+QUERY (nCycle=nnn)
+--CO-ROUTINE xy
+----SCAN t1 (nCycle=nnn)
+----USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY (nCycle=nnn)
+--SCAN xy (nCycle=nnn)
+}
+
+do_graph_test 6.3 {
+  WITH xy(x, y) AS ( SELECT (a % 2), group_concat(b) FROM t1 GROUP BY 1)
+  SELECT * FROM xy, xy AS xy2
+} {
+QUERY (nCycle=nnn)
+--MATERIALIZE xy (nCycle=nnn)
+----SCAN t1 (nCycle=nnn)
+----USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY (nCycle=nnn)
+--SCAN xy (nCycle=nnn)
+--SCAN xy2 (nCycle=nnn)
+}
+
+#explain_i { SELECT (a % 2), group_concat(b) FROM t1 GROUP BY 1 }
+#puts_debug_info { SELECT (a % 2), group_concat(b) FROM t1 GROUP BY 1 }
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/select3.test b/sqlite/test/select3.test
index 4c9d71b4..4bbd70cc 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/select3.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/select3.test
@@ -434,4 +434,3 @@ do_execsql_test 12.8 {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/selectH.test b/sqlite/test/selectH.test
index a97679bd..41f0999f 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/selectH.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/selectH.test
@@ -113,6 +113,33 @@ do_execsql_test 4.1 {
   CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b TEXT);
   SELECT 1 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT name COLLATE rtrim FROM sqlite_schema
                  UNION ALL SELECT a FROM t1);
-} 1
+} {1 1}
+
+do_execsql_test 4.2 {
+  SELECT DISTINCT name COLLATE rtrim FROM sqlite_schema 
+    UNION ALL 
+  SELECT a FROM t1
+} {v1 t1}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# forum post https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/b83c7b2168
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 5.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1 (val1);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5);
+  CREATE TABLE t2 (val2);
+}
+do_execsql_test 5.1 {
+  SELECT DISTINCT val1 FROM t1 UNION ALL SELECT val2 FROM t2;
+} {
+  4 5
+}
+do_execsql_test 5.2 {
+  SELECT count(1234) FROM (
+    SELECT DISTINCT val1 FROM t1 UNION ALL SELECT val2 FROM t2
+  )
+} {2}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/sessionfuzz.c b/sqlite/test/sessionfuzz.c
index f2e4cd5a..093c2b04 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/sessionfuzz.c
+++ b/sqlite/test/sessionfuzz.c
@@ -66,14 +66,6 @@
 #define SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE 1
 #include "sqlite3.c"
 
-/* Create a test database.  This will be an in-memory database */
-static const char zInitSql[] = 
-  "CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,b,c,d);\n"
-  "CREATE TABLE t2(e TEXT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,f,g);\n"
-  "CREATE TABLE t3(w REAL PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,x,y);\n"
-  "CREATE TABLE t4(z PRIMARY KEY) WITHOUT ROWID;\n"
-;
-
 /* Code to populate the database */
 static const char zFillSql[] = 
   "INSERT INTO t1(a,b,c,d) VALUES\n"
diff --git a/sqlite/test/shell1.test b/sqlite/test/shell1.test
index d0173791..19848549 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/shell1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/shell1.test
@@ -1081,10 +1081,10 @@ do_test shell1-5.0 {
       #
       set escapes [list \
           \t \\t \n \\n \v \\v \f \\f \
-          " " "\" \"" \" \\\" ' \"'\" \\ \\\\]
+          " " "\" \"" \" \\\" \\ \\\\]
     }
     set char [string map $escapes $char]
-    set x [catchcmdex test.db ".print $char\n"]
+    set x [catchcmdex test.db ".print \"$char\"\n"]
     set code [lindex $x 0]
     set res [lindex $x 1]
     if {$code ne "0"} {
@@ -1165,21 +1165,21 @@ do_test shell1-7.1.2 {
 } {0 {CREATE TABLE Z (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);
 CREATE TABLE _ (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);}}
 do_test shell1-7.1.3 {
-  catchcmd "test.db" ".schema \\\\_"
+  catchcmd "test.db" ".schema \"\\\\_\""
 } {0 {CREATE TABLE _ (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);}}
 do_test shell1-7.1.4 {
   catchcmd "test.db" ".schema __"
 } {0 {CREATE TABLE YY (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);
 CREATE TABLE __ (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);}}
 do_test shell1-7.1.5 {
-  catchcmd "test.db" ".schema \\\\_\\\\_"
+  catchcmd "test.db" ".schema \"\\\\_\\\\_\""
 } {0 {CREATE TABLE __ (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);}}
 do_test shell1-7.1.6 {
   catchcmd "test.db" ".schema ___"
 } {0 {CREATE TABLE WWW (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);
 CREATE TABLE ___ (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);}}
 do_test shell1-7.1.7 {
-  catchcmd "test.db" ".schema \\\\_\\\\_\\\\_"
+  catchcmd "test.db" ".schema \"\\\\_\\\\_\\\\_\""
 } {0 {CREATE TABLE ___ (x TEXT PRIMARY KEY);}}
 
 }
diff --git a/sqlite/test/shell2.test b/sqlite/test/shell2.test
index 3fad4bd6..16ed33c4 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/shell2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/shell2.test
@@ -262,5 +262,14 @@ do_test shell2-1.4.11 {
  SELECT count(*) FROM t;}]]
 } {0 1}
 
+# Bug from forum post 7cbe081746dd3803
+# Keywords as column names were producing an error message.
+do_test shell2-1.4.12 {
+  set res [catchcmd :memory: [string trim {
+ CREATE TABLE "group"("order" text);
+ INSERT INTO "group" VALUES ('ABC');
+.sha3sum}]]
+} {0 ca08bc02b7e95c7df431a3a4b1cc0f8d8743914793473f55b5558e03}
+
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/snapshot_fault.test b/sqlite/test/snapshot_fault.test
index 2adb7936..10c50945 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/snapshot_fault.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/snapshot_fault.test
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ set testprefix snapshot_fault
 # checkpointing the db.
 #
 do_faultsim_test 1.0 -prep {
+  catch { db2 close }
   faultsim_delete_and_reopen
   sqlite3 db2 test.db
   db2 eval { 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/sort2.test b/sqlite/test/sort2.test
index f686654d..9fe4b4cc 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/sort2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/sort2.test
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ foreach {tn script} {
   # Because it uses so much data, this test can take 12-13 seconds even on
   # a modern workstation. So it is omitted from "veryquick" and other
   # permutations.test tests.
-  if {[isquick]==0} {
+  if {[isquick]==0 && [clang_sanitize_address]==0} {
     do_execsql_test $tn.3 {
       PRAGMA cache_size = 5;
       WITH r(x,y) AS (
diff --git a/sqlite/test/speedtest1.c b/sqlite/test/speedtest1.c
index 6aff89b3..4f325809 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/speedtest1.c
+++ b/sqlite/test/speedtest1.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ static const char zHelp[] =
   "  --memdb             Use an in-memory database\n"
   "  --mmap SZ           MMAP the first SZ bytes of the database file\n"
   "  --multithread       Set multithreaded mode\n"
+  "  --nolongdouble      Disable the use of long double\n"
   "  --nomemstat         Disable memory statistics\n"
   "  --nomutex           Open db with SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX\n"
   "  --nosync            Set PRAGMA synchronous=OFF\n"
@@ -2307,6 +2308,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
         ARGC_VALUE_CHECK(1);
         mmapSize = integerValue(argv[++i]);
  #endif
+      }else if( strcmp(z,"nolongdouble")==0 ){
+#ifdef SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE
+        sqlite3_test_control(SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE, 0);
+#endif       
       }else if( strcmp(z,"nomutex")==0 ){
         openFlags |= SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX;
       }else if( strcmp(z,"nosync")==0 ){
diff --git a/sqlite/test/sqldiff1.test b/sqlite/test/sqldiff1.test
index 4ea5efbb..5a3c11cb 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/sqldiff1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/sqldiff1.test
@@ -63,4 +63,26 @@ CREATE TABLE t3(a,b,c);
 INSERT INTO t3(rowid,a,b,c) VALUES(1,111,222,333);
 DROP TABLE t4;}
 
+db close
+forcedelete test.db test2.db
+sqlite3 db test.db
+
+do_test sqldiff-2.0 {
+  db eval {
+    CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);
+  }
+  db close
+  sqlite3 db test2.db
+  db eval {
+    CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);
+  }
+  db close
+  set line "exec $PROG test.db test2.db"
+  unset -nocomplain ::MSG
+  catch {eval $line} ::MSG
+} {0}
+do_test sqldiff-2.1 {
+  set ::MSG
+} {ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN b;}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/statfault.test b/sqlite/test/statfault.test
index b5980d41..19e0a678 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/statfault.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/statfault.test
@@ -52,4 +52,3 @@ do_faultsim_test 2 -faults * -prep {
 }
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/subquery.test b/sqlite/test/subquery.test
index a048f9ed..c51edba0 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/subquery.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/subquery.test
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 # This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
 # focus of this script is testing correlated subqueries
 #
-# $Id: subquery.test,v 1.17 2009/01/09 01:12:28 drh Exp $
-#
 
 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
 source $testdir/tester.tcl
@@ -613,4 +611,45 @@ do_execsql_test subquery-9.4 {
   SELECT (SELECT DISTINCT x FROM t1 ORDER BY +x LIMIT 1 OFFSET 2) FROM t1;
 } {{} {} {} {}}
 
+# 2023-09-15
+# Query planner performance regression reported by private email 
+# on 2023-09-14, caused by VIEWSCAN optimization of check-in 609fbb94b8f01d67
+# from 2022-09-01.
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test subquery-10.1 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(aa TEXT, bb INT, cc TEXT);
+  CREATE INDEX x11 on t1(bb);
+  CREATE INDEX x12 on t1(aa);
+  CREATE TABLE t2(aa TEXT, xx INT);
+  ANALYZE sqlite_master;
+  INSERT INTO sqlite_stat1(tbl, idx, stat) VALUES('t1', 'x11', '156789 28');
+  INSERT INTO sqlite_stat1(tbl, idx, stat) VALUES('t1', 'x12', '156789 1');
+  ANALYZE sqlite_master;
+}
+do_eqp_test subquery-10.2 {
+  WITH v1(aa,cc,bb) AS (SELECT aa, cc, bb FROM t1 WHERE bb=12345),
+       v2(aa,mx)    AS (SELECT aa, max(xx) FROM t2 GROUP BY aa)
+  SELECT * FROM v1 JOIN v2 ON v1.aa=v2.aa;
+} {
+  QUERY PLAN
+  |--CO-ROUTINE v2
+  |  |--SCAN t2
+  |  `--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY
+  |--SEARCH t1 USING INDEX x11 (bb=?)
+  `--SEARCH v2 USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX (aa=?)
+}
+# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+# Prior to the fix the incorrect (slow) plan caused by the
+# VIEWSCAN optimization was:
+#
+# QUERY PLAN
+# |--CO-ROUTINE v2
+# |  |--SCAN t2
+# |  `--USE TEMP B-TREE FOR GROUP BY
+# |--SCAN v2
+# `--SEARCH t1 USING INDEX x12 (aa=?)
+#
+
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/table.test b/sqlite/test/table.test
index 7be6b376..b961207f 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/table.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/table.test
@@ -784,13 +784,13 @@ do_catchsql_test table-16.5 {
 } {1 {unknown function: count()}}
 do_catchsql_test table-16.6 {
   DROP TABLE t16;
-  CREATE TABLE t16(x DEFAULT(group_concat('x',',')));
+  CREATE TABLE t16(x DEFAULT(string_agg('x',',')));
   INSERT INTO t16(rowid) VALUES(123);
   SELECT rowid, x FROM t16;
-} {1 {unknown function: group_concat()}}
+} {1 {unknown function: string_agg()}}
 do_catchsql_test table-16.7 {
   INSERT INTO t16 DEFAULT VALUES;
-} {1 {unknown function: group_concat()}}
+} {1 {unknown function: string_agg()}}
 
 # Ticket [https://www.sqlite.org/src/info/094d39a4c95ee4abbc417f04214617675ba15c63]
 # describes a assertion fault that occurs on a CREATE TABLE .. AS SELECT statement.
diff --git a/sqlite/test/testrunner.tcl b/sqlite/test/testrunner.tcl
index 4e21ce08..1f1862ff 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/testrunner.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/test/testrunner.tcl
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 set dir [pwd]
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+set testdir [file normalize [file dirname $argv0]]
 set saved $argv
 set argv [list]
 source [file join $testdir testrunner_data.tcl]
@@ -8,6 +8,42 @@ source [file join $testdir permutations.test]
 set argv $saved
 cd $dir
 
+# This script requires an interpreter that supports [package require sqlite3]
+# to run. If this is not such an intepreter, see if there is a [testfixture]
+# in the current directory. If so, run the command using it. If not, 
+# recommend that the user build one.
+#
+proc find_interpreter {} {
+  set interpreter [file tail [info nameofexec]]
+  set rc [catch { package require sqlite3 }]
+  if {$rc} {
+    if { [string match -nocase testfixture* $interpreter]==0
+      && [file executable ./testfixture]
+    } {
+      puts "Failed to find tcl package sqlite3. Restarting with ./testfixture.."
+      set status [catch { 
+          exec ./testfixture [info script] {*}$::argv >@ stdout 
+      } msg]
+      exit $status
+    }
+  }
+  if {$rc} {
+    puts stderr "Failed to find tcl package sqlite3"
+    puts stderr "Run \"make testfixture\" and then try again..."
+    exit 1
+  }
+}
+find_interpreter
+
+# Usually this script is run by [testfixture]. But it can also be run
+# by a regular [tclsh]. For these cases, emulate the [clock_milliseconds] 
+# command.
+if {[info commands clock_milliseconds]==""} {
+  proc clock_milliseconds {} {
+    clock milliseconds
+  }
+}
+
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Usage:
 #
@@ -23,7 +59,6 @@ Usage:
 
   where SWITCHES are:
     --jobs NUMBER-OF-JOBS
-    --fuzztest
     --zipvfs ZIPVFS-SOURCE-DIR
 
 Interesting values for PERMUTATION are:
@@ -47,11 +82,6 @@ If a PERMUTATION is specified and is followed by the path to a Tcl script
 instead of a list of patterns, then that single Tcl test script is run
 with the specified permutation.
 
-The --fuzztest option is ignored if the PERMUTATION is "release". Otherwise,
-if it is present, then "make -C <dir> fuzztest" is run as part of the tests,
-where <dir> is the directory containing the testfixture binary used to
-run the script.
-
 The "status" and "njob" commands are designed to be run from the same
 directory as a running testrunner.tcl script that is running tests. The
 "status" command prints a report describing the current state and progress 
@@ -74,16 +104,20 @@ proc guess_number_of_cores {} {
   if {[catch {number_of_cores} ret]} {
     set ret 4
   
-    if {$::tcl_platform(os)=="Darwin"} {
-      set cmd "sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu"
+    if {$::tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
+      catch { set ret $::env(NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS) }
     } else {
-      set cmd "nproc"
-    }
-    catch {
-      set fd [open "|$cmd" r]
-      set ret [gets $fd]
-      close $fd
-      set ret [expr $ret]
+      if {$::tcl_platform(os)=="Darwin"} {
+        set cmd "sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu"
+      } else {
+        set cmd "nproc"
+      }
+      catch {
+        set fd [open "|$cmd" r]
+        set ret [gets $fd]
+        close $fd
+        set ret [expr $ret]
+      }
     }
   }
   return $ret
@@ -117,19 +151,28 @@ set TRG(zipvfs) ""                  ;# -zipvfs option, if any
 
 switch -nocase -glob -- $tcl_platform(os) {
   *darwin* {
-    set TRG(platform) osx
-    set TRG(make)     make.sh
-    set TRG(makecmd)  "bash make.sh"
+    set TRG(platform)    osx
+    set TRG(make)        make.sh
+    set TRG(makecmd)     "bash make.sh"
+    set TRG(testfixture) testfixture
+    set TRG(run)         run.sh
+    set TRG(runcmd)      "bash run.sh"
   }
   *linux* {
-    set TRG(platform) linux
-    set TRG(make)     make.sh
-    set TRG(makecmd)  "bash make.sh"
+    set TRG(platform)    linux
+    set TRG(make)        make.sh
+    set TRG(makecmd)     "bash make.sh"
+    set TRG(testfixture) testfixture
+    set TRG(run)         run.sh
+    set TRG(runcmd)      "bash run.sh"
   }
   *win* {
-    set TRG(platform) win
-    set TRG(make)     make.bat
-    set TRG(makecmd)  make.bat
+    set TRG(platform)    win
+    set TRG(make)        make.bat
+    set TRG(makecmd)     make.bat
+    set TRG(testfixture) testfixture.exe
+    set TRG(run)         run.bat
+    set TRG(runcmd)      "run.bat"
   }
   default {
     error "cannot determine platform!"
@@ -141,22 +184,59 @@ switch -nocase -glob -- $tcl_platform(os) {
 # The database schema used by the testrunner.db database.
 #
 set TRG(schema) {
-  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS script;
+  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS jobs;
   DROP TABLE IF EXISTS config;
 
-  CREATE TABLE script(
-    build TEXT DEFAULT '',
-    config TEXT,
-    filename TEXT,                -- full path to test script
-    slow BOOLEAN,                 -- true if script is "slow"
+  /*
+  ** This table contains one row for each job that testrunner.tcl must run
+  ** before the entire test run is finished.
+  **
+  ** jobid:
+  **   Unique identifier for each job. Must be a +ve non-zero number.
+  **
+  ** displaytype:
+  **   3 or 4 letter mnemonic for the class of tests this belongs to e.g.
+  **   "fuzz", "tcl", "make" etc.
+  **
+  ** displayname:
+  **   Name/description of job. For display purposes.
+  **
+  ** build:
+  **   If the job requires a make.bat/make.sh make wrapper (i.e. to build
+  **   something), the name of the build configuration it uses. See 
+  **   testrunner_data.tcl for a list of build configs. e.g. "Win32-MemDebug".
+  **
+  ** dirname:
+  **   If the job should use a well-known directory name for its 
+  **   sub-directory instead of an anonymous "testdir[1234...]" sub-dir
+  **   that is deleted after the job is finished.
+  **
+  ** cmd:
+  **   Bash or batch script to run the job.
+  **
+  ** depid:
+  **   The jobid value of a job that this job depends on. This job may not
+  **   be run before its depid job has finished successfully.
+  **
+  ** priority:
+  **   Higher values run first. Sometimes.
+  */
+  CREATE TABLE jobs(
+    /* Fields populated when db is initialized */
+    jobid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,          -- id to identify job
+    displaytype TEXT NOT NULL,          -- Type of test (for one line report)
+    displayname TEXT NOT NULL,          -- Human readable job name
+    build TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',     -- make.sh/make.bat file request, if any
+    dirname TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',   -- directory name, if required
+    cmd TEXT NOT NULL,                  -- shell command to run
+    depid INTEGER,                      -- identifier of dependency (or '')
+    priority INTEGER NOT NULL,          -- higher priority jobs may run earlier
+  
+    /* Fields updated as jobs run */
+    starttime INTEGER, 
+    endtime INTEGER,
     state TEXT CHECK( state IN ('', 'ready', 'running', 'done', 'failed') ),
-    time INTEGER,                 -- Time in ms
-    output TEXT,                  -- full output of test script
-    priority AS ((config='make') + ((config='build')*2) + (slow*4)),
-    jobtype AS (
-      CASE WHEN config IN ('build', 'make') THEN config ELSE 'script' END
-    ),
-    PRIMARY KEY(build, config, filename)
+    output TEXT
   );
 
   CREATE TABLE config(
@@ -164,8 +244,8 @@ set TRG(schema) {
     value 
   ) WITHOUT ROWID;
 
-  CREATE INDEX i1 ON script(state, jobtype);
-  CREATE INDEX i2 ON script(state, priority);
+  CREATE INDEX i1 ON jobs(state, priority);
+  CREATE INDEX i2 ON jobs(depid);
 }
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -181,10 +261,11 @@ if {[llength $argv]==2
   set script [file normalize [lindex $argv 1]]
   set ::argv [list]
 
+  set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+  source $::testdir/tester.tcl
+
   if {$permutation=="full"} {
 
-    set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-    source $::testdir/tester.tcl
     unset -nocomplain ::G(isquick)
     reset_db
 
@@ -241,6 +322,22 @@ if {([llength $argv]==2 || [llength $argv]==1)
 }
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Check if this is the "script" command:
+#
+if {[string compare -nocase script [lindex $argv 0]]==0} {
+  if {[llength $argv]!=2 && !([llength $argv]==3&&[lindex $argv 1]=="-msvc")} {
+    usage
+  }
+
+  set bMsvc [expr ([llength $argv]==3)]
+  set config [lindex $argv [expr [llength $argv]-1]]
+
+  puts [trd_buildscript $config [file dirname $testdir] $bMsvc]
+  exit
+}
+  
+
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Check if this is the "status" command:
 #
@@ -248,39 +345,14 @@ if {[llength $argv]==1
  && [string compare -nocase status [lindex $argv 0]]==0 
 } {
 
-  proc display_job {build config filename {tm ""}} {
-    if {$config=="build"} {
-      set fname "build: $filename"
-      set config ""
-    } elseif {$config=="make"} {
-      set fname "make: $filename"
-      set config ""
-    } else {
-      set fname [file normalize $filename]
-      if {[string first $::srcdir $fname]==0} {
-        set fname [string range $fname [string length $::srcdir]+1 end]
-      }
-    }
-    set dfname [format %-33s $fname]
+  proc display_job {jobdict {tm ""}} {
+    array set job $jobdict
+
+    set dfname [format %-60s $job(displayname)]
 
-    set dbuild ""
-    set dconfig ""
-    set dparams ""
     set dtm ""
-    if {$build!=""} { set dbuild $build }
-    if {$config!="" && $config!="full"} { set dconfig $config }
-    if {$dbuild!="" || $dconfig!=""} {
-      append dparams "("
-      if {$dbuild!=""}                 {append dparams "build=$dbuild"}
-      if {$dbuild!="" && $dconfig!=""} {append dparams " "}
-      if {$dconfig!=""}                {append dparams "config=$dconfig"}
-      append dparams ")"
-      set dparams [format %-33s $dparams]
-    }
-    if {$tm!=""} {
-      set dtm "\[${tm}ms\]"
-    }
-    puts "  $dfname $dparams $dtm"
+    if {$tm!=""} { set dtm "\[[expr {$tm-$job(starttime)}]ms\]" }
+    puts "  $dfname $dtm"
   }
 
   sqlite3 mydb $TRG(dbname)
@@ -289,14 +361,18 @@ if {[llength $argv]==1
 
   set cmdline [mydb one { SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='cmdline' }]
   set nJob [mydb one { SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='njob' }]
-  set tm [expr [clock_milliseconds] - [mydb one {
-    SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='start'
-  }]]
+
+  set now [clock_milliseconds]
+  set tm [mydb one {
+    SELECT 
+      COALESCE((SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='end'), $now) -
+      (SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='start')
+  }]
 
   set total 0
   foreach s {"" ready running done failed} { set S($s) 0 }
   mydb eval {
-    SELECT state, count(*) AS cnt FROM script GROUP BY 1
+    SELECT state, count(*) AS cnt FROM jobs GROUP BY 1
   } {
     incr S($state) $cnt
     incr total $cnt
@@ -315,21 +391,18 @@ if {[llength $argv]==1
   set srcdir [file dirname [file dirname $TRG(info_script)]]
   if {$S(running)>0} {
     puts "Running: "
-    set now [clock_milliseconds]
     mydb eval {
-      SELECT build, config, filename, time FROM script WHERE state='running'
-      ORDER BY time 
-    } {
-      display_job $build $config $filename [expr $now-$time]
+      SELECT * FROM jobs WHERE state='running' ORDER BY starttime 
+    } job {
+      display_job [array get job] $now
     }
   }
   if {$S(failed)>0} {
     puts "Failures: "
     mydb eval {
-      SELECT build, config, filename FROM script WHERE state='failed'
-      ORDER BY 3
-    } {
-      display_job $build $config $filename
+      SELECT * FROM jobs WHERE state='failed' ORDER BY starttime
+    } job {
+      display_job [array get job]
     }
   }
  
@@ -350,8 +423,6 @@ for {set ii 0} {$ii < [llength $argv]} {incr ii} {
       incr ii
       set TRG(nJob) [lindex $argv $ii]
       if {$isLast} { usage }
-    } elseif {($n>2 && [string match "$a*" --fuzztest]) || $a=="-f"} {
-      set TRG(fuzztest) 1
     } elseif {($n>2 && [string match "$a*" --zipvfs]) || $a=="-z"} {
       incr ii
       set TRG(zipvfs) [lindex $argv $ii]
@@ -411,8 +482,6 @@ proc dirs_allocDir {} {
   return $iRet
 }
 
-set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
-
 # Check that directory $dir exists. If it does not, create it. If 
 # it does, delete its contents.
 #
@@ -424,89 +493,141 @@ proc create_or_clear_dir {dir} {
   }
 }
 
-proc copy_dir {from to} {
-  foreach f [glob -nocomplain [file join $from *]] {
-    catch { file copy -force $f $to }
-  }
-}
-
 proc build_to_dirname {bname} {
   set fold [string tolower [string map {- _} $bname]]
   return "testrunner_build_$fold"
 }
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Return a list of tests to run. Each element of the list is itself a
-# list of two elements - the name of a permuations.test configuration
-# followed by the full path to a test script. i.e.:
+
+proc r_write_db {tcl} {
+  trdb eval { BEGIN EXCLUSIVE }
+  uplevel $tcl
+  trdb eval { COMMIT }
+}
+
+# Obtain a new job to be run by worker $iJob (an integer). A job is
+# returned as a three element list:
 #
-#    {BUILD CONFIG FILENAME} {BUILD CONFIG FILENAME} ...
+#    {$build $config $file}
 #
-proc testset_patternlist {patternlist} {
-  global TRG
+proc r_get_next_job {iJob} {
+  global T
 
-  set testset [list]              ;# return value
+  if {($iJob%2)} {
+    set orderby "ORDER BY priority ASC"
+  } else {
+    set orderby "ORDER BY priority DESC"
+  }
 
-  set first [lindex $patternlist 0]
+  set ret [list]
 
-  if {$first=="release"} {
-    set platform $::TRG(platform)
+  r_write_db {
+    set query "
+      SELECT * FROM jobs AS j WHERE state='ready' $orderby LIMIT 1
+    " 
+    trdb eval $query job {
+      set tm [clock_milliseconds]
+      set T($iJob) $tm
+      set jobid $job(jobid)
 
-    set patternlist [lrange $patternlist 1 end]
-    foreach b [trd_builds $platform] {
-      foreach c [trd_configs $platform $b] {
-        testset_append testset $b $c $patternlist
+      trdb eval {
+        UPDATE jobs SET starttime=$tm, state='running' WHERE jobid=$jobid
       }
 
-      if {[llength $patternlist]==0 || $b=="User-Auth"} {
-        set target testfixture
-      } else {
-        set target coretestprogs
-      }
-      lappend testset [list $b build $target]
+      set ret [array get job]
     }
+  }
 
-    if {[llength $patternlist]==0} {
-      foreach b [trd_builds $platform] {
-        foreach e [trd_extras $platform $b] {
-          lappend testset [list $b make $e]
-        }
-      }
-    }
+  return $ret
+}
+
+#rename r_get_next_job r_get_next_job_r
+#proc r_get_next_job {iJob} {
+  #puts [time { set res [r_get_next_job_r $iJob] }]
+  #set res
+#}
+
+# Usage:
+#
+#   add_job OPTION ARG OPTION ARG...
+#
+# where available OPTIONS are:
+#
+#   -displaytype
+#   -displayname
+#   -build
+#   -dirname     
+#   -cmd 
+#   -depid 
+#   -priority 
+#
+# Returns the jobid value for the new job.
+# 
+proc add_job {args} {
 
-    set TRG(fuzztest) 0           ;# ignore --fuzztest option in this case
+  set options {
+      -displaytype -displayname -build -dirname 
+      -cmd -depid -priority
+  }
 
-  } elseif {$first=="all"} {
+  # Set default values of options.
+  set A(-dirname) ""
+  set A(-depid)   ""
+  set A(-priority) 0
+  set A(-build)   ""
 
-    set clist [trd_all_configs]
-    set patternlist [lrange $patternlist 1 end]
-    foreach c $clist {
-      testset_append testset "" $c $patternlist
-    }
+  array set A $args
 
-  } elseif {[info exists ::testspec($first)]} {
-    set clist $first
-    testset_append testset "" $first [lrange $patternlist 1 end]
-  } elseif { [llength $patternlist]==0 } {
-    testset_append testset "" veryquick $patternlist
-  } else {
-    testset_append testset "" full $patternlist
+  # Check all required options are present. And that no extras are present.
+  foreach o $options {
+    if {[info exists A($o)]==0} { error "missing required option $o" }
   }
-  if {$TRG(fuzztest)} {
-    if {$TRG(platform)=="win"} { error "todo" }
-    lappend testset [list "" make fuzztest]
+  foreach o [array names A] {
+    if {[lsearch -exact $options $o]<0} { error "unrecognized option: $o" }
   }
 
-  set testset
+  set state ""
+  if {$A(-depid)==""} { set state ready }
+
+  trdb eval {
+    INSERT INTO jobs(
+      displaytype, displayname, build, dirname, cmd, depid, priority,
+      state
+    ) VALUES (
+      $A(-displaytype),
+      $A(-displayname),
+      $A(-build),
+      $A(-dirname),
+      $A(-cmd),
+      $A(-depid),
+      $A(-priority),
+      $state
+    )
+  }
+
+  trdb last_insert_rowid
 }
 
-proc testset_append {listvar build config patternlist} {
-  upvar $listvar lvar
+proc add_tcl_jobs {build config patternlist} {
+  global TRG
+
+  set topdir [file dirname $::testdir]
+  set testrunner_tcl [file normalize [info script]]
+
+  if {$build==""} {
+    set testfixture [info nameofexec]
+  } else {
+    set testfixture [file join [lindex $build 1] $TRG(testfixture)]
+  }
+  if {[lindex $build 2]=="Valgrind"} {
+    set setvar "export OMIT_MISUSE=1\n"
+    set testfixture "${setvar}valgrind -v --error-exitcode=1 $testfixture"
+  }
 
-  catch { array unset O }
-  array set O $::testspec($config)
+  # The ::testspec array is populated by permutations.test
+  foreach f [dict get $::testspec($config) -files] {
 
-  foreach f $O(-files) {
     if {[llength $patternlist]>0} {
       set bMatch 0
       foreach p $patternlist {
@@ -518,160 +639,242 @@ proc testset_append {listvar build config patternlist} {
       if {$bMatch==0} continue
     }
 
-    if {[file pathtype $f]!="absolute"} {
-      set f [file join $::testdir $f]
+    if {[file pathtype $f]!="absolute"} { set f [file join $::testdir $f] }
+    set f [file normalize $f]
+
+    set displayname [string map [list $topdir/ {}] $f]
+    if {$config=="full" || $config=="veryquick"} {
+      set cmd "$testfixture $f"
+    } else {
+      set cmd "$testfixture $testrunner_tcl $config $f"
+      set displayname "config=$config $displayname"
+    }
+    if {$build!=""} {
+      set displayname "[lindex $build 2] $displayname"
     }
-    lappend lvar [list $build $config $f]
+
+    set lProp [trd_test_script_properties $f]
+    set priority 0
+    if {[lsearch $lProp slow]>=0} { set priority 2 }
+    if {[lsearch $lProp superslow]>=0} { set priority 4 }
+
+    add_job                            \
+        -displaytype tcl               \
+        -displayname $displayname      \
+        -cmd $cmd                      \
+        -depid [lindex $build 0]       \
+        -priority $priority
+
   }
 }
 
-#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+proc add_build_job {buildname target} {
+  global TRG
 
+  set dirname "[string tolower [string map {- _} $buildname]]_$target"
+  set dirname "testrunner_bld_$dirname"
 
-proc r_write_db {tcl} {
-  trdb eval { BEGIN EXCLUSIVE }
-  uplevel $tcl
-  trdb eval { COMMIT }
+  set id [add_job                                \
+    -displaytype bld                             \
+    -displayname "Build $buildname ($target)"    \
+    -dirname $dirname                            \
+    -build $buildname                            \
+    -cmd  "$TRG(makecmd) $target"                \
+    -priority 3
+  ]
+
+  list $id [file normalize $dirname] $buildname
 }
 
-# Obtain a new job to be run by worker $iJob (an integer). A job is
-# returned as a three element list:
-#
-#    {$build $config $file}
-#
-proc r_get_next_job {iJob} {
-  global T
+proc add_make_job {bld target} {
+  global TRG
 
-  if {($iJob%2)} {
-    set orderby "ORDER BY priority ASC"
+  if {$TRG(platform)=="win"} {
+    set path [string map {/ \\} [lindex $bld 1]]
+    set cmd "xcopy /S $path\\* ."
   } else {
-    set orderby "ORDER BY priority DESC"
+    set cmd "cp -r [lindex $bld 1]/* ."
   }
+  append cmd "\n$TRG(makecmd) $target"
+
+  add_job                                       \
+    -displaytype make                           \
+    -displayname "[lindex $bld 2] make $target" \
+    -cmd $cmd                                   \
+    -depid [lindex $bld 0]                      \
+    -priority 1
+}
 
-  r_write_db {
-    set f ""
-    set c ""
-    trdb eval "
-      SELECT build, config, filename 
-        FROM script 
-        WHERE state='ready' 
-        $orderby LIMIT 1
-    " {
-      set b $build
-      set c $config
-      set f $filename
-    }
-    if {$f!=""} {
-      set tm [clock_milliseconds]
-      set T($iJob) $tm
-      trdb eval { 
-        UPDATE script SET state='running', time=$tm
-        WHERE (build, config, filename) = ($b, $c, $f)
+proc add_fuzztest_jobs {buildname} {
+
+  foreach {interpreter scripts} [trd_fuzztest_data] {
+    set subcmd [lrange $interpreter 1 end]
+    set interpreter [lindex $interpreter 0]
+
+    set bld [add_build_job $buildname $interpreter]
+    foreach {depid dirname displayname} $bld {}
+
+    foreach s $scripts {
+
+      # Fuzz data files fuzzdata1.db and fuzzdata2.db are larger than
+      # the others. So ensure that these are run as a higher priority.
+      set tail [file tail $s]
+      if {$tail=="fuzzdata1.db" || $tail=="fuzzdata2.db"} {
+        set priority 5
+      } else {
+        set priority 1
       }
+
+      add_job                                                   \
+        -displaytype fuzz                                       \
+        -displayname "$buildname $interpreter $tail"            \
+        -depid $depid                                           \
+        -cmd "[file join $dirname $interpreter] $subcmd $s"     \
+        -priority $priority
     }
   }
-
-  if {$f==""} { return "" }
-  list $b $c $f
 }
 
-#rename r_get_next_job r_get_next_job_r
-#proc r_get_next_job {iJob} {
-#  puts [time { set res [r_get_next_job_r $iJob] }]
-#  set res
-#}
-
-proc make_new_testset {} {
+proc add_zipvfs_jobs {} {
   global TRG
+  source [file join $TRG(zipvfs) test zipvfs_testrunner.tcl]
+
+  set bld [add_build_job Zipvfs $TRG(testfixture)]
+  foreach s [zipvfs_testrunner_files] {
+    set cmd "[file join [lindex $bld 1] $TRG(testfixture)] $s"
+    add_job                                  \
+        -displaytype tcl                     \
+        -displayname "Zipvfs [file tail $s]" \
+        -cmd $cmd                            \
+        -depid [lindex $bld 0]
+  }
 
-  set tests [testset_patternlist $TRG(patternlist)]
+  set ::env(SQLITE_TEST_DIR) $::testdir
+}
+
+proc add_jobs_from_cmdline {patternlist} {
+  global TRG
 
   if {$TRG(zipvfs)!=""} {
-    source [file join $TRG(zipvfs) test zipvfs_testrunner.tcl]
-    set tests [concat $tests [zipvfs_testrunner_testset]]
+    add_zipvfs_jobs
+    if {[llength $patternlist]==0} return
   }
 
-  r_write_db {
-
-    trdb eval $TRG(schema)
-    set nJob $TRG(nJob)
-    set cmdline $TRG(cmdline)
-    set tm [clock_milliseconds]
-    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('njob', $nJob ); }
-    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('cmdline', $cmdline ); }
-    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('start', $tm ); }
+  if {[llength $patternlist]==0} {
+    set patternlist [list veryquick]
+  }
 
-    foreach t $tests {
-      foreach {b c s} $t {}
-      set slow 0
-
-      if {$c!="make" && $c!="build"} {
-        set fd [open $s]
-        for {set ii 0} {$ii<100 && ![eof $fd]} {incr ii} {
-          set line [gets $fd]
-          if {[string match -nocase *testrunner:* $line]} {
-            regexp -nocase {.*testrunner:(.*)} $line -> properties
-            foreach p $properties {
-              if {$p=="slow"} { set slow 1 }
-              if {$p=="superslow"} { set slow 2 }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        close $fd
+  set first [lindex $patternlist 0]
+  switch -- $first {
+    all {
+      set patternlist [lrange $patternlist 1 end]
+      set clist [trd_all_configs]
+      foreach c $clist {
+        add_tcl_jobs "" $c $patternlist
       }
+    }
 
-      if {$c=="make" && $b==""} {
-        # --fuzztest option
-        set slow 1
+    mdevtest {
+      foreach b [list All-O0 All-Debug] {
+        set bld [add_build_job $b $TRG(testfixture)]
+        add_tcl_jobs $bld veryquick ""
+        add_fuzztest_jobs $b
       }
+    }
 
-      if {$c=="veryquick"} {
-        set c ""
+    sdevtest {
+      foreach b [list All-Sanitize All-Debug] {
+        set bld [add_build_job $b $TRG(testfixture)]
+        add_tcl_jobs $bld veryquick ""
+        add_fuzztest_jobs $b
       }
+    }
 
-      set state ready
-      if {$b!="" && $c!="build"} {
-        set state ""
+    release {
+      foreach b [trd_builds $TRG(platform)] {
+        set bld [add_build_job $b $TRG(testfixture)]
+        foreach c [trd_configs $TRG(platform) $b] {
+          add_tcl_jobs $bld $c ""
+        }
+
+        foreach e [trd_extras $TRG(platform) $b] {
+          if {$e=="fuzztest"} {
+            add_fuzztest_jobs $b
+          } else {
+            add_make_job $bld $e
+          }
+        }
       }
+    }
 
-      trdb eval { 
-        INSERT INTO script(build, config, filename, slow, state) 
-            VALUES ($b, $c, $s, $slow, $state) 
+    default {
+      if {[info exists ::testspec($first)]} {
+        add_tcl_jobs "" $first [lrange $patternlist 1 end]
+      } else {
+        add_tcl_jobs "" full $patternlist
       }
     }
   }
 }
 
-proc script_input_ready {fd iJob b c f} {
+proc make_new_testset {} {
+  global TRG
+
+  r_write_db {
+    trdb eval $TRG(schema)
+    set nJob $TRG(nJob)
+    set cmdline $TRG(cmdline)
+    set tm [clock_milliseconds]
+    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('njob', $nJob ); }
+    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('cmdline', $cmdline ); }
+    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('start', $tm ); }
+
+    add_jobs_from_cmdline $TRG(patternlist)
+  }
+
+}
+
+proc script_input_ready {fd iJob jobid} {
   global TRG
   global O
   global T
 
   if {[eof $fd]} {
+    trdb eval { SELECT * FROM jobs WHERE jobid=$jobid } job {}
+
+    # If this job specified a directory name, then delete the run.sh/run.bat
+    # file from it before continuing. This is because the contents of this
+    # directory might be copied by some other job, and we don't want to copy
+    # the run.sh file in this case.
+    if {$job(dirname)!=""} {
+      file delete -force [file join $job(dirname) $TRG(run)]
+    }
+
     set ::done 1
     fconfigure $fd -blocking 1
     set state "done"
     set rc [catch { close $fd } msg]
     if {$rc} { 
-      puts "FAILED: $b $c $f"
+      if {[info exists TRG(reportlength)]} {
+        puts -nonewline "[string repeat " " $TRG(reportlength)]\r"
+      }
+      puts "FAILED: $job(displayname) ($iJob)"
       set state "failed" 
     }
 
-    set tm [expr [clock_milliseconds] - $T($iJob)]
+    set tm [clock_milliseconds]
+    set jobtm [expr {$tm - $job(starttime)}]
 
-    puts $TRG(log) "### $b ### $c ### $f ${tm}ms ($state)"
+    puts $TRG(log) "### $job(displayname) ${jobtm}ms ($state)"
     puts $TRG(log) [string trim $O($iJob)]
 
     r_write_db {
       set output $O($iJob)
       trdb eval {
-        UPDATE script SET output = $output, state=$state, time=$tm
-        WHERE (build, config, filename) = ($b, $c, $f)
-      }
-      if {$state=="done" && $c=="build"} {
-        trdb eval {
-          UPDATE script SET state = 'ready' WHERE (build, state)==($b, '')
-        }
+        UPDATE jobs 
+          SET output=$output, state=$state, endtime=$tm
+          WHERE jobid=$jobid;
+        UPDATE jobs SET state='ready' WHERE depid=$jobid;
       }
     }
 
@@ -702,84 +905,39 @@ proc launch_another_job {iJob} {
   set testfixture [info nameofexec]
   set script $TRG(info_script)
 
-  set dir [dirname $iJob]
-  create_or_clear_dir $dir
-
   set O($iJob) ""
   
-  set job [r_get_next_job $iJob]
-  if {$job==""} { return 0 }
-
-  foreach {b c f} $job {}
+  set jobdict [r_get_next_job $iJob]
+  if {$jobdict==""} { return 0 }
+  array set job $jobdict
 
-  if {$c=="build"} {
-    set testdir [file dirname $TRG(info_script)]
-    set srcdir [file dirname $testdir]
-    set builddir [build_to_dirname $b]
-    create_or_clear_dir $builddir
+  set dir $job(dirname)
+  if {$dir==""} { set dir [dirname $iJob] }
+  create_or_clear_dir $dir
 
-    if {$b=="Zipvfs"} {
+  if {$job(build)!=""} {
+    set srcdir [file dirname $::testdir]
+    if {$job(build)=="Zipvfs"} {
       set script [zipvfs_testrunner_script]
     } else {
-      set     cmd [info nameofexec]
-      lappend cmd [file join $testdir releasetest_data.tcl]
-      lappend cmd trscript
-      if {$TRG(platform)=="win"} { lappend cmd -msvc }
-      lappend cmd $b $srcdir
-      set script [exec {*}$cmd]
+      set bWin [expr {$TRG(platform)=="win"}]
+      set script [trd_buildscript $job(build) $srcdir $bWin]
     }
-
-    set fd [open [file join $builddir $TRG(make)] w]
+    set fd [open [file join $dir $TRG(make)] w]
     puts $fd $script
     close $fd
-
-    puts "Launching build \"$b\" in directory $builddir..."
-    set target coretestprogs
-    if {$b=="User-Auth"}  { set target testfixture }
-
-    set cmd "$TRG(makecmd) $target"
-    set dir $builddir
-
-  } elseif {$c=="make"} {
-    if {$b==""} {
-      if {$f!="fuzztest"} { error "corruption in testrunner.db!" }
-      # Special case - run [make fuzztest] 
-      set makedir [file dirname $testfixture]
-      if {$TRG(platform)=="win"} {
-        error "how?"
-      } else {
-        set cmd [list make -C $makedir fuzztest]
-      }
-    } else {
-      set builddir [build_to_dirname $b]
-      copy_dir $builddir $dir
-      set cmd "$TRG(makecmd) $f"
-    }
-  } else {
-    if {$b==""} {
-      set testfixture [info nameofexec]
-    } else {
-      set tail testfixture
-      if {$TRG(platform)=="win"} { set tail testfixture.exe }
-      set testfixture [file normalize [file join [build_to_dirname $b] $tail]]
-    }
-
-    if {$c=="valgrind"} {
-      set testfixture "valgrind -v --error-exitcode=1 $testfixture"
-      set ::env(OMIT_MISUSE) 1
-    }
-    set cmd [concat $testfixture [list $script $c $f]]
   }
 
   set pwd [pwd]
   cd $dir
-  set fd [open "|$cmd 2>@1" r]
+  set fd [open $TRG(run) w]
+  puts $fd $job(cmd) 
+  close $fd
+  set fd [open "|$TRG(runcmd) 2>@1" r]
   cd $pwd
-  set pid [pid $fd]
 
   fconfigure $fd -blocking false
-  fileevent $fd readable [list script_input_ready $fd $iJob $b $c $f]
-  unset -nocomplain ::env(OMIT_MISUSE)
+  fileevent $fd readable [list script_input_ready $fd $iJob $job(jobid)]
 
   return 1
 }
@@ -790,39 +948,36 @@ proc one_line_report {} {
   set tm [expr [clock_milliseconds] - $TRG(starttime)]
   set tm [format "%d" [expr int($tm/1000.0 + 0.5)]]
 
-  foreach s {ready running done failed} {
-    set v($s,build) 0
-    set v($s,make) 0
-    set v($s,script) 0
-  }
-
   r_write_db {
-    trdb eval {
-      SELECT state, jobtype, count(*) AS cnt 
-      FROM script 
-      GROUP BY state, jobtype
+    trdb eval { 
+      SELECT displaytype, state, count(*) AS cnt 
+      FROM jobs 
+      GROUP BY 1, 2 
     } {
-      set v($state,$jobtype) $cnt
-      if {[info exists t($jobtype)]} {
-        incr t($jobtype) $cnt
-      } else {
-        set t($jobtype) $cnt
-      }
+      set v($state,$displaytype) $cnt
+      incr t($displaytype) $cnt
     }
   }
 
   set text ""
-  foreach j [array names t] {
+  foreach j [lsort [array names t]] {
+    foreach k {done failed running} { incr v($k,$j) 0 }
     set fin [expr $v(done,$j) + $v(failed,$j)]
-    lappend text "$j ($fin/$t($j)) f=$v(failed,$j) r=$v(running,$j)"
+    lappend text "${j}($fin/$t($j))"
+    if {$v(failed,$j)>0} {
+      lappend text "f$v(failed,$j)"
+    }
+    if {$v(running,$j)>0} {
+      lappend text "r$v(running,$j)"
+    }
   }
 
   if {[info exists TRG(reportlength)]} {
     puts -nonewline "[string repeat " " $TRG(reportlength)]\r"
   }
-  set report "${tm}s: [join $text { }]"
+  set report "${tm} [join $text { }]"
   set TRG(reportlength) [string length $report]
-  if {[string length $report]<80} {
+  if {[string length $report]<100} {
     puts -nonewline "$report\r"
     flush stdout
   } else {
@@ -834,9 +989,8 @@ proc one_line_report {} {
 
 proc launch_some_jobs {} {
   global TRG
-  r_write_db {
-    set nJob [trdb one { SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='njob' }]
-  }
+  set nJob [trdb one { SELECT value FROM config WHERE name='njob' }]
+
   while {[dirs_nHelper]<$nJob} {
     set iDir [dirs_allocDir]
     if {0==[launch_another_job $iDir]} {
@@ -854,7 +1008,6 @@ proc run_testset {} {
   set TRG(log) [open $TRG(logname) w]
 
   launch_some_jobs
-    # launch_another_job $ii
 
   one_line_report
   while {[dirs_nHelper]>0} {
@@ -865,13 +1018,15 @@ proc run_testset {} {
   one_line_report
 
   r_write_db {
-    set nErr [trdb one {SELECT count(*) FROM script WHERE state='failed'}]
+    set tm [clock_milliseconds]
+    trdb eval { REPLACE INTO config VALUES('end', $tm ); }
+    set nErr [trdb one {SELECT count(*) FROM jobs WHERE state='failed'}]
     if {$nErr>0} {
       puts "$nErr failures:"
       trdb eval {
-        SELECT build, config, filename FROM script WHERE state='failed'
+        SELECT displayname FROM jobs WHERE state='failed'
       } {
-        puts "FAILED: $build $config $filename"
+        puts "FAILED: $displayname"
       }
     }
   }
@@ -885,7 +1040,7 @@ sqlite3 trdb $TRG(dbname)
 trdb timeout $TRG(timeout)
 set tm [lindex [time { make_new_testset }] 0]
 if {$TRG(nJob)>1} {
-  puts "splitting work across $TRG(nJob) cores"
+  puts "splitting work across $TRG(nJob) jobs"
 }
 puts "built testset in [expr $tm/1000]ms.."
 run_testset
diff --git a/sqlite/test/testrunner_data.tcl b/sqlite/test/testrunner_data.tcl
index f74ee146..9032ced4 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/testrunner_data.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/test/testrunner_data.tcl
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace eval trd {
   variable tcltest
   variable extra
   variable all_configs
+  variable build
 
 
   # Tcl tests to run for various builds.
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ namespace eval trd {
   set tcltest(win.Have-Not)               veryquick
   set tcltest(win.Windows-Memdebug)       veryquick
   set tcltest(win.Windows-Win32Heap)      veryquick
+  set tcltest(win.Windows-Sanitize)       veryquick
   set tcltest(win.Default)                full
 
   # Extra [make xyz] tests that should be run for various builds.
@@ -63,6 +65,7 @@ namespace eval trd {
   set extra(win.Stdcall)                  {fuzztest sourcetest}
   set extra(win.Windows-Memdebug)         {fuzztest sourcetest}
   set extra(win.Windows-Win32Heap)        {fuzztest sourcetest}
+  set extra(win.Windows-Sanitize)         fuzztest
   set extra(win.Have-Not)                 {fuzztest sourcetest}
 
   # The following mirrors the set of test suites invoked by "all.test".
@@ -75,6 +78,251 @@ namespace eval trd {
     inmemory_journal pcache0 pcache10 pcache50 pcache90 
     pcache100 prepare mmap
   }
+
+  #-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Start of build() definitions.
+  #
+  set build(Default) {
+    -O2
+    --disable-amalgamation --disable-shared
+    --enable-session
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RBU
+  }
+
+  # These two are used by [testrunner.tcl mdevtest] (All-O0) and 
+  # [testrunner.tcl sdevtest] (All-Sanitize).
+  #
+  set build(All-Debug) {
+    --enable-debug --enable-all
+  }
+  set build(All-O0) {
+    -O0 --enable-all
+  }
+  set build(All-Sanitize) { 
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE=1
+    --enable-all -fsanitize=address,undefined 
+  }
+
+  set build(Sanitize) {
+    CC=clang -fsanitize=address,undefined
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE=1
+    -DCONFIG_SLOWDOWN_FACTOR=5.0
+    --enable-debug
+    --enable-all
+  }
+  set build(Stdcall) {
+    -DUSE_STDCALL=1
+    -O2
+  }
+
+  # The "Have-Not" configuration sets all possible -UHAVE_feature options
+  # in order to verify that the code works even on platforms that lack
+  # these support services.
+  set build(Have-Not) {
+    -DHAVE_FDATASYNC=0
+    -DHAVE_GMTIME_R=0
+    -DHAVE_ISNAN=0
+    -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=0
+    -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_S=0
+    -DHAVE_MALLOC_USABLE_SIZE=0
+    -DHAVE_STRCHRNUL=0
+    -DHAVE_USLEEP=0
+    -DHAVE_UTIME=0
+  }
+  set build(Unlock-Notify) {
+    -O2
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
+    -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE
+    -DSQLITE_TCL_DEFAULT_FULLMUTEX=1
+  }
+  set build(User-Auth) {
+    -O2
+    -DSQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION=1
+  }
+  set build(Secure-Delete) {
+    -O2
+    -DSQLITE_SECURE_DELETE=1
+    -DSQLITE_SOUNDEX=1
+  }
+  set build(Update-Delete-Limit) {
+    -O2
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT=4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+    -DSQLITE_LIKE_DOESNT_MATCH_BLOBS
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_CURSOR_HINTS
+  }
+  set build(Check-Symbols) {
+    -DSQLITE_MEMDEBUG=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3_PARENTHESIS=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT=1
+    -DSQLITE_SECURE_DELETE=1
+    -DSQLITE_SOUNDEX=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OVERSIZE_CELL_CHECK=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS
+    --enable-fts5 --enable-session
+  }
+  set build(Debug-One) {
+    --disable-shared
+    -O2 -funsigned-char
+    -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
+    -DSQLITE_MEMDEBUG=1
+    -DSQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP=1
+    -DSQLITE_TCL_DEFAULT_FULLMUTEX=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED=125
+    -DSQLITE_MUTATION_TEST
+    --enable-fts5
+  }
+  set build(Debug-Two) {
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS=0
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH=0
+    --enable-debug
+  }
+  set build(Fast-One) {
+    -O6
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RBU
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED=125
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE=12884901888
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_MMAP=1
+    -DLONGDOUBLE_TYPE=double
+    --enable-session
+  }
+  set build(Device-One) {
+    -O2
+    -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE=64
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE=1024
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE=32
+    -DSQLITE_DISABLE_LFS=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT=1
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE=4096
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION=1
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK=1
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
+    -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=3
+  }
+  set build(Device-Two) {
+    -DSQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE=1000
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_LOCKING_MODE=0
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE=1024
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE=1000
+    -DSQLITE_DISABLE_LFS=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_COMPOUND_SELECT=50
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE=32768
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_TRACE=1
+    -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=3
+    -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=2
+    --enable-fts5 --enable-session
+  }
+  set build(Locking-Style) {
+    -O2
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE=1
+  }
+  set build(Apple) {
+    -Os
+    -DHAVE_GMTIME_R=1
+    -DHAVE_ISNAN=1
+    -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=1
+    -DHAVE_PREAD=1
+    -DHAVE_PWRITE=1
+    -DHAVE_UTIME=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE=1000
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_CKPTFULLFSYNC=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS=1
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE=1024
+    -DSQLITE_DISABLE_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW_STATS=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_AUTO_PROFILE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FLOCKTIMEOUT=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3_PARENTHESIS=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_PERSIST_WAL=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_PURGEABLE_PCACHE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT=1
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT=1
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_LENGTH=2147483645
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER=500000
+    -DSQLITE_NO_SYNC=1
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET=1
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION=1
+    -DSQLITE_PREFER_PROXY_LOCKING=1
+    -DSQLITE_SERIES_CONSTRAINT_VERIFY=1
+    -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=2
+    -DSQLITE_USE_URI=1
+    -DSQLITE_WRITE_WALFRAME_PREBUFFERED=1
+    -DUSE_GUARDED_FD=1
+    -DUSE_PREAD=1
+    --enable-fts5
+  }
+  set build(Extra-Robustness) {
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_OVERSIZE_CELL_CHECK=1
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED=62
+  }
+  set build(Devkit) {
+    -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT=4
+    -DSQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED=30
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4_PARENTHESIS
+    -DSQLITE_DISABLE_FTS4_DEFERRED
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE
+    --enable-fts5
+  }
+  set build(No-lookaside) {
+    -DSQLITE_TEST_REALLOC_STRESS=1
+    -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE=1
+  }
+  set build(Valgrind) {
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE
+    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_HIDDEN_COLUMNS
+    -DLONGDOUBLE_TYPE=double
+    -DCONFIG_SLOWDOWN_FACTOR=8.0
+  }
+
+  set build(Windows-Memdebug) {
+    MEMDEBUG=1
+    DEBUG=3
+  }
+  set build(Windows-Win32Heap) {
+    WIN32HEAP=1
+    DEBUG=4
+  }
+  set build(Windows-Sanitize) {
+    ASAN=1
+  }
+
 }
 
 
@@ -84,6 +332,7 @@ proc trd_import {} {
     variable ::trd::tcltest
     variable ::trd::extra
     variable ::trd::all_configs
+    variable ::trd::build
   }
 }
 
@@ -106,13 +355,13 @@ proc trd_builds {platform} {
   set ret
 }
 
-proc trd_configs {platform build} {
+proc trd_configs {platform bld} {
   trd_import
 
   set clist [list]
 
-  if {[info exists tcltest($platform.$build)]} {
-    set clist $tcltest($platform.$build)
+  if {[info exists tcltest($platform.$bld)]} {
+    set clist $tcltest($platform.$bld)
     if {$clist=="all"} {
       set clist $all_configs
     } elseif {$clist=="all_plus_autovacuum_crash"} {
@@ -123,21 +372,265 @@ proc trd_configs {platform build} {
   set clist
 }
 
-proc trd_extras {platform build} {
+proc trd_extras {platform bld} {
   trd_import
+  if {[info exists extra($platform.$bld)]==0} { return [list] }
+  return $extra($platform.$bld)
+}
+
+# Usage: 
+#
+#     trd_fuzztest_data
+#
+# This returns data used by testrunner.tcl to run commands equivalent 
+# to [make fuzztest]. The returned value is a list, which should be
+# interpreted as a sequence of pairs. The first element of each pair
+# is an interpreter name. The second element is a list of files.
+# testrunner.tcl automatically creates one job to build each interpreter,
+# and one to run each of the files with it once it has been built.
+#
+# In practice, the returned value looks like this:
+#
+# {
+#   {fuzzcheck {$testdir/fuzzdata1.db $testdir/fuzzdata2.db ...}}
+#   {{sessionfuzz run} $testdir/sessionfuzz-data1.db}
+# }
+#
+# where $testdir is replaced by the full-path to the test-directory (the
+# directory containing this file). "fuzzcheck" and "sessionfuzz" have .exe
+# extensions on windows.
+#
+proc trd_fuzztest_data {} {
+  set EXE ""
+  set lFuzzDb    [glob [file join $::testdir fuzzdata*.db]] 
+  set lSessionDb [glob [file join $::testdir sessionfuzz-data*.db]]
 
-  set elist [list]
-  if {[info exists extra($platform.$build)]} {
-    set elist $extra($platform.$build)
+  if {$::tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
+    return [list fuzzcheck.exe $lFuzzDb]
   }
 
-  set elist
+  return [list fuzzcheck $lFuzzDb {sessionfuzz run} $lSessionDb]
 }
 
+
 proc trd_all_configs {} {
   trd_import
   set all_configs
 }
 
+proc trimscript {text} {
+  set text [string map {"\n    " "\n"} [string trim $text]]
+}
+
+proc make_sh_script {srcdir opts cflags makeOpts configOpts} {
+
+  set tcldir [::tcl::pkgconfig get libdir,install]
+  set myopts ""
+  if {[info exists ::env(OPTS)]} {
+    append myopts "# From environment variable:\n"
+    append myopts "OPTS=$::env(OPTS)\n\n"
+  }
+  foreach o [lsort $opts] { 
+    append myopts "OPTS=\"\$OPTS $o\"\n"
+  }
+
+  return [trimscript [subst -nocommands {
+    set -e
+    if [ "\$#" -ne 1 ] ; then
+      echo "Usage: \$0 <target>"
+      exit -1
+    fi
+    
+    SRCDIR="$srcdir"
+    TCLDIR="$tcldir"
+    
+    if [ ! -f Makefile ] ; then
+      \$SRCDIR/configure --with-tcl=\$TCL $configOpts 
+    fi
+    
+    $myopts
+    CFLAGS="$cflags"
+    
+    make \$1 "CFLAGS=\$CFLAGS" "OPTS=\$OPTS" $makeOpts
+  }]]
+}
+
+# Generate the text of a *.bat script.
+#
+proc make_bat_file {srcdir opts cflags makeOpts} {
+  set srcdir [file nativename [file normalize $srcdir]]
+
+  return [trimscript [subst -nocommands {
+    set TARGET=%1
+    set TMP=%CD%
+    nmake /f $srcdir\\Makefile.msc TOP="$srcdir" %TARGET% "CCOPTS=$cflags" "OPTS=$opts" $makeOpts
+  }]]
+}
+
+
+# Generate the text of a shell script.
+#
+proc make_script {cfg srcdir bMsvc} {
+  set opts       [list]                         ;# OPTS value
+  set cflags     [expr {$bMsvc ? "-Zi" : "-g"}] ;# CFLAGS value
+  set makeOpts   [list]                         ;# Extra args for [make]
+  set configOpts [list]                         ;# Extra args for [configure]
+
+  # Define either SQLITE_OS_WIN or SQLITE_OS_UNIX, as appropriate.
+  if {$::tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
+    lappend opts -DSQLITE_OS_WIN=1
+  } else {
+    lappend opts -DSQLITE_OS_UNIX=1
+  }
+
+  # Unless the configuration specifies -DHAVE_USLEEP=0, set -DHAVE_USLEEP=1.
+  #
+  if {[lsearch $cfg "-DHAVE_USLEEP=0"]<0} {
+    lappend cfg -DHAVE_USLEEP=1
+  }
+
+  # Loop through the parameters of the nominated configuration, updating
+  # $opts, $cflags, $makeOpts and $configOpts along the way. Rules are as
+  # follows:
+  #
+  #   1. If the parameter begins with "-D", add it to $opts.
+  #
+  #   2. If the parameter begins with "--" add it to $configOpts. Unless
+  #      this command is preparing a script for MSVC - then add an 
+  #      equivalent to $makeOpts or $opts.
+  #
+  #   3. If the parameter begins with "-" add it to $cflags. If in MSVC
+  #      mode and the parameter is an -O<integer> option, instead add
+  #      an OPTIMIZATIONS=<integer> switch to $makeOpts.
+  #
+  #   4. If none of the above apply, add the parameter to $makeOpts
+  #
+  foreach param $cfg {
 
+    if {[string range $param 0 1]=="-D"} {
+      lappend opts $param
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if {[string range $param 0 1]=="--"} {
+      if {$bMsvc==0} {
+        lappend configOpts $param
+      } else {
+
+        switch -- $param {
+          --disable-amalgamation {
+            lappend makeOpts USE_AMALGAMATION=0
+          }
+          --disable-shared {
+            lappend makeOpts USE_CRT_DLL=0 DYNAMIC_SHELL=0
+          }
+          --enable-fts5 {
+            lappend opts -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5
+          } 
+          --enable-shared {
+            lappend makeOpts USE_CRT_DLL=1 DYNAMIC_SHELL=1
+          }
+          --enable-session {
+            lappend opts -DSQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK
+            lappend opts -DSQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION
+          }
+          --enable-all {
+          }
+          --enable-debug {
+            # lappend makeOpts OPTIMIZATIONS=0
+            lappend opts -DSQLITE_DEBUG
+          }
+          default {
+            error "Cannot translate $param for MSVC"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if {[string range $param 0 0]=="-"} {
+
+      if {$bMsvc} {
+        if {[regexp -- {^-O(\d+)$} $param -> level]} {
+          lappend makeOpts OPTIMIZATIONS=$level
+          continue
+        }
+        if {$param eq "-fsanitize=address,undefined"} {
+          lappend makeOpts ASAN=1
+          continue
+        }
+      }
+
+      lappend cflags $param
+      continue
+    }
+
+    lappend makeOpts $param
+  }
+
+  if {$bMsvc==0} {
+    set zRet [make_sh_script $srcdir $opts $cflags $makeOpts $configOpts]
+  } else {
+    set zRet [make_bat_file $srcdir $opts $cflags $makeOpts]
+  }
+}
+
+# Usage:
+#
+#    trd_buildscript CONFIG SRCDIR MSVC
+#
+# This command returns the full text of a script (either a shell script or
+# an ms-dos bat file) that may be used to build SQLite source code according
+# to a nominated configuration.
+#
+# Parameter CONFIG must be a configuration defined above in the ::trd::build
+# array. SRCDIR is the root directory of an SQLite source tree (the parent
+# directory of that containing this script). MSVC is a boolean - true to
+# use the MSVC compiler, false otherwise.
+#
+proc trd_buildscript {config srcdir bMsvc} {
+  trd_import
+
+  # Ensure that the named configuration exists.
+  if {![info exists build($config)]} {
+    error "No such build config: $config"
+  }
+
+  # Generate and return the script.
+  return [make_script $build($config) $srcdir $bMsvc]
+}
+
+# Usage:
+#
+#    trd_test_script_properties PATH
+#
+# The argument must be a path to a Tcl test script. This function scans the
+# first 100 lines of the script for lines that look like:
+#
+#    TESTRUNNER: <properties>
+#
+# where <properties> is a list of identifiers, each of which defines a 
+# property of the test script. Example properties are "slow" or "superslow".
+#
+proc trd_test_script_properties {path} {
+  # Use this global array as a cache:
+  global trd_test_script_properties_cache
+
+  if {![info exists trd_test_script_properties_cache($path)]} {
+    set fd [open $path]
+    set ret [list]
+    for {set line 0} {$line < 100 && ![eof $fd]} {incr line} {
+      set text [gets $fd]
+      if {[string match -nocase *testrunner:* $text]} {
+        regexp -nocase {.*testrunner:(.*)} $text -> properties
+        lappend ret {*}$properties
+      }
+    }
+    set trd_test_script_properties_cache($path) $ret
+    close $fd
+  }
+
+  set trd_test_script_properties_cache($path)
+}
 
diff --git a/sqlite/test/thread3.test b/sqlite/test/thread3.test
index 25699b76..79a75bdb 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/thread3.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/thread3.test
@@ -75,4 +75,3 @@ do_execsql_test "1.Total BUSY errors: $nTotalBusy .2" {
 } $nAttempt
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/timediff1.test b/sqlite/test/timediff1.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f8176d88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/timediff1.test
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+# 2023-05-30
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The
+# focus of this file is testing date and time functions.
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+# Skip this whole file if date and time functions are omitted
+# at compile-time
+#
+ifcapable {!datetime} {
+  finish_test
+  return
+}
+
+proc datetest {tnum expr result} {
+  do_test timediff-$tnum [subst {
+    execsql "SELECT coalesce($expr,'NULL')"
+  }] [list $result]
+}
+set tcl_precision 15
+
+
+# February overflow on a leap year
+datetest 1.1 {datetime('2000-01-31','+1 month')} {2000-03-02 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.2 {datetime('2004-01-29','+1 month')} {2004-02-29 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.3 {datetime('2000-03-01','-1 day')}   {2000-02-29 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.4 {datetime('2000-03-31','-1 month')} {2000-03-02 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.5 {datetime('2000-03-30','-1 month')} {2000-03-01 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.6 {datetime('2000-03-29','-1 month')} {2000-02-29 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.7 {datetime('2000-03-28','-1 month')} {2000-02-28 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.8 {datetime('2000-02-29','+1 year')}  {2001-03-01 00:00:00}
+datetest 1.9 {datetime('2000-02-29','+4 years')} {2004-02-29 00:00:00}
+
+datetest 1.10 {datetime('1998-11-10','+0001-03-19 12:34:56')} \
+                                                 {2000-02-29 12:34:56}
+datetest 1.11 {datetime('2000-01-31','+0004-01-00 12:34:56')} \
+                                                 {2004-03-02 12:34:56}
+datetest 1.12 {datetime('2000-01-29','+0008-01-00 12:34:56')} \
+                                                 {2008-02-29 12:34:56}
+datetest 1.13 {datetime('2001-03-31','-0001-01-00 06:10')} \
+                                                 {2000-03-01 17:50:00}
+
+
+# February overflow on a non-leap year
+datetest 2.1 {datetime('2001-01-31','+1 month')} {2001-03-03 00:00:00}
+datetest 2.2 {datetime('2005-01-29','+1 month')} {2005-03-01 00:00:00}
+datetest 2.3 {datetime('2001-03-01','-1 day')}   {2001-02-28 00:00:00}
+datetest 2.4 {datetime('2001-03-31','-1 month')} {2001-03-03 00:00:00}
+datetest 2.5 {datetime('2001-03-30','-1 month')} {2001-03-02 00:00:00}
+datetest 2.6 {datetime('2001-03-29','-1 month')} {2001-03-01 00:00:00}
+datetest 2.7 {datetime('2001-03-28','-1 month')} {2001-02-28 00:00:00}
+
+datetest 2.10 {datetime('1999-11-10','+0001-03-19 12:34:56')} \
+                                                 {2001-03-01 12:34:56}
+datetest 2.11 {datetime('2000-01-31','+0005-01-00 12:34:56')} \
+                                                 {2005-03-03 12:34:56}
+datetest 2.12 {datetime('2000-01-29','+0009-01-00 12:34:56')} \
+                                                 {2009-03-01 12:34:56}
+datetest 2.13 {datetime('2002-03-31','-0001-01-00 06:10')} \
+                                                 {2001-03-02 17:50:00}
+
+# timediff
+datetest 3.1 {timediff('2000-03-02','2000-01-31')} {+0000-01-00 00:00:00.000}
+datetest 3.2 {timediff('2000-01-31','2000-03-02')} {-0000-01-02 00:00:00.000}
+datetest 3.3 {timediff('2000-03-02','1999-01-31')} {+0001-01-00 00:00:00.000}
+datetest 3.4 {timediff('1999-01-31','2000-03-02')} {-0001-01-02 00:00:00.000}
+
+unset -nocomplain p1
+unset -nocomplain p2
+set p1 {
+  0   {-4713-11-24 12:00:00}
+  1   {-2000-04-30 05:19:26}
+  2   {0000-01-01 12:34:56}
+  3   {1776-07-04 13:00:00}
+  4   {1969-07-20 20:17}
+  5   {2440587.5}
+  6   {2000-05-29 14:26}
+  7   {2023-05-29 18:11}
+  8   {2050-05-29 14:26}
+  9   {4796-02-29 11:23:55.46}
+}
+set p2 {
+  A   {1066-10-14}
+  B   {1900-02-28 11:00}
+  C   {1900-03-01 12:00}
+  D   {1904-02-29 11:25}
+  E   {2000-02-29 13:00}
+  E   {2000-03-01 14:00}
+  F   {2001-03-31 15:15}
+  G   {2002-04-01 16:59}
+  H   {2003-04-30 17:00}
+  I   {2004-05-01 23:59:59}
+  J   {2005-06-01}
+  K   {2006-06-30 01:23:45}
+  L   {2007-12-31 02:00}
+  M   {2008-01-01 01:59}
+  N   {3152-07-04 12:00}
+  P   {9999-12-31 23:59:59}
+}
+
+foreach {x1 d1} $p1 {
+  foreach {x2 d2} $p2 {
+    set r1 [db one {SELECT datetime($d1)}]
+    do_execsql_test timediff-4-$x1$x2 {
+      SELECT datetime($d2, timediff($d1,$d2));
+    } [list $r1]
+    set r2 [db one {SELECT datetime($d2)}]
+    do_execsql_test timediff-4-$x2$x1 {
+      SELECT datetime($d1, timediff($d2,$d1));
+    } [list $r2]
+  }
+}
+
+# Partial time-diffs as modifiers
+#
+datetest 5-1 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03')} {2001-03-04 00:00:00}
+datetest 5-2 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03x')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-3 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-11-03')} {2001-12-04 00:00:00}
+datetest 5-4 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-12-03')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-5 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-30')} {2001-03-31 00:00:00}
+datetest 5-6 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-31')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-7 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 0')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-8 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-9 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-10 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:0')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-11 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02')} {2001-03-04 01:02:00}
+datetest 5-12 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-13 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:0')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-14 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03')} \
+                                                   {2001-03-04 01:02:03}
+datetest 5-15 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03.')} NULL
+datetest 5-16 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03.5')} \
+                                                   {2001-03-04 01:02:03}
+datetest 5-17 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03.50')} \
+                                                   {2001-03-04 01:02:03}
+datetest 5-18 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03.500')} \
+                                                   {2001-03-04 01:02:03}
+datetest 5-19 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03.500x')} {NULL}
+datetest 5-20 {datetime('2000-01-01','+0001-02-03 01:02:03.500 x')} {NULL}
+
+unset -nocomplain p1
+unset -nocomplain p2
+set p1 {
+  a   {2000-01-01 00:00:00}
+  b   {2000-01-31 23:59:59}
+  c   {2000-02-01 00:00:00}
+  d   {2000-02-29 23:59:59}
+  e   {2000-03-01 00:00:00}
+  f   {2000-03-31 23:59:59}
+  g   {2000-04-01 00:00:00}
+  h   {2000-04-30 23:59:59}
+  i   {2000-05-01 00:00:00}
+  j   {2000-05-31 23:59:59}
+  k   {2000-06-01 00:00:00}
+  l   {2000-06-30 23:59:59}
+  m   {2000-07-01 00:00:00}
+  n   {2000-07-31 23:59:59}
+  o   {2000-08-01 00:00:00}
+  p   {2000-08-31 23:59:59}
+  q   {2000-09-01 00:00:00}
+  r   {2000-09-30 23:59:59}
+  s   {2000-10-01 00:00:00}
+  t   {2000-10-31 23:59:59}
+  u   {2000-11-01 00:00:00}
+  v   {2000-11-30 23:59:59}
+  w   {2000-12-01 00:00:00}
+  x   {2000-12-31 23:59:59}
+}
+set p2 {
+  A   {2001-01-01 00:00:00}
+  B   {2001-01-31 23:59:59}
+  C   {2001-02-01 00:00:00}
+  D   {2001-02-28 23:59:59}
+  E   {2001-03-01 00:00:00}
+  F   {2001-03-31 23:59:59}
+  G   {2001-04-01 00:00:00}
+  H   {2001-04-30 23:59:59}
+  I   {2001-05-01 00:00:00}
+  J   {2001-05-31 23:59:59}
+  K   {2001-06-01 00:00:00}
+  L   {2001-06-30 23:59:59}
+  M   {2001-07-01 00:00:00}
+  N   {2001-07-31 23:59:59}
+  O   {2001-08-01 00:00:00}
+  P   {2001-08-31 23:59:59}
+  Q   {2001-09-01 00:00:00}
+  R   {2001-09-30 23:59:59}
+  S   {2001-10-01 00:00:00}
+  T   {2001-10-31 23:59:59}
+  U   {2001-11-01 00:00:00}
+  V   {2001-11-30 23:59:59}
+  W   {2001-12-01 00:00:00}
+  X   {2001-12-31 23:59:59}
+}
+
+foreach {x1 d1} $p1 {
+  foreach {x2 d2} $p2 {
+    set r1 [db one {SELECT datetime($d1)}]
+    do_execsql_test timediff-6-$x1$x2 {
+      SELECT datetime($d2, timediff($d1,$d2));
+    } [list $r1]
+    set r2 [db one {SELECT datetime($d2)}]
+    do_execsql_test timediff-6-$x2$x1 {
+      SELECT datetime($d1, timediff($d2,$d1));
+    } [list $r2]
+  }
+}
+
+
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/tkt-cbd054fa6b.test b/sqlite/test/tkt-cbd054fa6b.test
index 86248ca2..435d8078 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/tkt-cbd054fa6b.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/tkt-cbd054fa6b.test
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ do_test tkt-cbd05-1.2 {
 } {}
 do_test tkt-cbd05-1.3 {
   execsql { 
-    SELECT tbl,idx,group_concat(s(sample),' ') 
+    SELECT tbl,idx,string_agg(s(sample),' ') 
     FROM vvv 
     WHERE idx = 't1_x' 
     GROUP BY tbl,idx
diff --git a/sqlite/test/trigger2.test b/sqlite/test/trigger2.test
index 6e007e96..70d59f3a 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/trigger2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/trigger2.test
@@ -790,4 +790,3 @@ do_catchsql_test 11.2 {
 
 
 finish_test
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/unhex.test b/sqlite/test/unhex.test
index f41e906a..af2cfae3 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/unhex.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/unhex.test
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ do_catchsql_test 3.1 {
 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Test the 2-argument version.
 #
+# Zap global x array set in some previous test.
+if {[array exists x]} {array unset x}
 foreach {tn hex} {
   1 "FFFF  ABCD"
   2 "FFFF ABCD"
@@ -98,5 +100,3 @@ do_execsql_test 6.4.3 { SELECT typeof(unhex('1234', NULL)) } {null}
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/update.test b/sqlite/test/update.test
index 47b6029b..bf766666 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/update.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/update.test
@@ -764,5 +764,27 @@ do_execsql_test update-21.4 {
   SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY vkey, c5;
   ROLLBACK;
 } {6 -54 100 NULL}
+# Follow-up on 2023-07-31 (forum post https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/8ab195fd44e75ed0):
+# Only disable one-pass if the subquery is in the WHERE clause.  The SET expressions
+# do not count.
+do_execsql_test update-21.11 {
+  DROP TABLE t1;
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b INT);
+  CREATE TABLE t2(d INT);
+}
+do_eqp_test update-21.12 {
+  WITH t3(x,y) AS (SELECT d, row_number()OVER() FROM t2)
+    UPDATE t1 SET b=(SELECT y FROM t3 WHERE t1.a=t3.x);
+} {
+  QUERY PLAN
+  |--SCAN t1
+  `--CORRELATED SCALAR SUBQUERY xxxxxx
+     |--CO-ROUTINE t3
+     |  |--CO-ROUTINE (subquery-xxxxxx)
+     |  |  `--SCAN t2
+     |  `--SCAN (subquery-xxxxxx)
+     |--BLOOM FILTER ON t3 (x=?)
+     `--SEARCH t3 USING AUTOMATIC COVERING INDEX (x=?)
+}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/upfrom4.test b/sqlite/test/upfrom4.test
index b20e9638..22282362 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/upfrom4.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/upfrom4.test
@@ -127,4 +127,30 @@ do_execsql_test 400 {
   1000 -    -   -
 }
 
+# Forum post https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/36ff78b2a3
+#
+ifcapable update_delete_limit {
+  reset_db
+  do_execsql_test 500 {
+    CREATE TABLE t1(abc INT, def INT);  
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0,0);
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0,0);
+    INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0,0);
+    CREATE TABLE dual(dummy TEXT);  
+    INSERT INTO dual(dummy) VALUES('X');
+  } {}
+  
+  do_execsql_test 510 {
+    UPDATE t1
+      SET (abc, def)=(SELECT  x, 123)
+      FROM dual LEFT JOIN (SELECT 789 AS 'x' FROM dual) AS d2
+      LIMIT 2
+  }
+  
+  do_execsql_test 520 {
+    SELECT * FROM t1
+  } {789 123 789 123 0 0}
+}
+
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/upsert1.test b/sqlite/test/upsert1.test
index a321d617..78183113 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/upsert1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/upsert1.test
@@ -255,4 +255,17 @@ do_execsql_test upsert1-1100 {
   SELECT * FROM t1;
 } {1 22}
 
+# 2023-08-17 dbsqlfuzz 9983e2c77634a8ccf33b5c91fa9982599de5f9e9
+# Bound parameters in the ON CONFLICT clause of an UPSERT.
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test upsert1-1200 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INT, b INT);
+  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX t1x ON t1(b+3);
+}
+sqlite3_db_config db ENABLE_QPSG 1
+do_catchsql_test upsert1-1210 {
+  INSERT INTO t1(a,b) VALUES(1,2) ON CONFLICT(b+?1) DO NOTHING;
+} {1 {ON CONFLICT clause does not match any PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraint}}
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/vacuum-into.test b/sqlite/test/vacuum-into.test
index 98692a10..698d65f5 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/vacuum-into.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/vacuum-into.test
@@ -185,6 +185,3 @@ tvfs delete
 
 
 finish_test
-
-
-
diff --git a/sqlite/test/vt02.c b/sqlite/test/vt02.c
index ddad136f..06fade09 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/vt02.c
+++ b/sqlite/test/vt02.c
@@ -580,8 +580,11 @@ static void sqlite3BestIndexLog(
     sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
   }
   sqlite3RunSql(db,pVTab,
-    "INSERT INTO temp.\"%w\"(bi,vn,ix) VALUES(%d,'nConstraint',%d)",
-    zLogTab, iBI, pInfo->nConstraint
+    "INSERT INTO temp.\"%w\"(bi,vn,ix) VALUES(%d,'nConstraint',%d)"
+      "RETURNING iif(bi=%d,'ok',RAISE(ABORT,'wrong trigger'))",
+    /* The RETURNING clause checks to see that the returning trigger fired
+    ** for the correct INSERT in the case of nested INSERT RETURNINGs. */
+    zLogTab, iBI, pInfo->nConstraint, iBI
   );
   for(i=0; i<pInfo->nConstraint; i++){
     sqlite3_value *pVal;
@@ -983,7 +986,9 @@ const sqlite3_module vt02Module = {
   /* xRename       */  0,
   /* xSavepoint    */  0,
   /* xRelease      */  0,
-  /* xRollbackTo   */  0
+  /* xRollbackTo   */  0,
+  /* xShadowName   */  0,
+  /* xIntegrity    */  0
 };
 
 static void vt02CoreInit(sqlite3 *db){
diff --git a/sqlite/test/walseh1.test b/sqlite/test/walseh1.test
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..225b69f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/test/walseh1.test
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+# 2021 August 16
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+#    May you do good and not evil.
+#    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+#    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+source $testdir/malloc_common.tcl
+set testprefix walseh1
+
+set ::seh_countdown 0 
+set ::seh_errno 10
+proc seh_faultsim_callback {iFault} {
+  if {$iFault==650} {
+    incr ::seh_countdown -1
+    if {$::seh_countdown==0} { return $::seh_errno }
+  }
+  return 0
+}
+
+proc seh_injectinstall {} {
+  sqlite3_test_control_fault_install seh_faultsim_callback
+}
+proc seh_injectuninstall {} {
+  sqlite3_test_control_fault_install
+}
+proc seh_injectstart {iFail} {
+  set ::seh_errno [expr 2+$iFail*10]
+  set ::seh_countdown $iFail
+}
+proc seh_injectstop {} {
+  set res [expr $::seh_countdown<=0]
+  set ::seh_countdown 0
+  set res
+}
+
+set FAULTSIM(seh) [list                   \
+  -injectinstall   seh_injectinstall   \
+  -injectstart     seh_injectstart     \
+  -injectstop      seh_injectstop      \
+  -injecterrlist   {{1 {disk I/O error}}} \
+  -injectuninstall seh_injectuninstall \
+]
+
+proc test_system_errno {db expect} {
+  set serrno [sqlite3_system_errno $db]
+  if {$serrno!=$expect} {
+    error "surprising system_errno. Expected $expect, got $serrno"
+  }  
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 1.0 {
+  PRAGMA journal_mode = wal;
+  CREATE TABLE t1(x, y);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3, 4);
+} {wal}
+faultsim_save_and_close
+
+do_faultsim_test 1 -faults seh -prep {
+  catch { db2 close }
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+  execsql { SELECT * FROM sqlite_schema } 
+  sqlite3 db2 test.db
+} -body {
+  execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 } db2
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4}} 
+  if {$testrc} { test_system_errno db2 $::seh_errno }
+}
+catch { db2 close }
+
+faultsim_save_and_close
+
+do_faultsim_test 2 -faults seh -prep {
+  catch { db close }
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+} -body {
+  execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 } 
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4}} 
+  if {$testrc} { test_system_errno db $::seh_errno }
+}
+
+do_faultsim_test 3 -faults seh -prep {
+  catch { db close }
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+} -body {
+  execsql { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(5, 6) }
+  execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4 5 6}} 
+  if {$testrc} { test_system_errno db $::seh_errno }
+}
+
+do_faultsim_test 4 -faults seh -prep {
+  catch { db close }
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+} -body {
+  execsql { PRAGMA wal_checkpoint }
+  execsql { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7, 8) }
+  execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4 7 8}} 
+  if {$testrc} { test_system_errno db $::seh_errno }
+}
+catch { db close }
+
+do_faultsim_test 5 -faults seh -prep {
+  catch { db close }
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+  execsql {
+    PRAGMA cache_size = 5;
+    BEGIN;
+      WITH s(i) AS (
+        SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i<50
+      )
+      INSERT INTO t1 SELECT randomblob(500), randomblob(500) FROM s;
+  }
+} -body {
+  execsql ROLLBACK
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {}}
+  if {$testrc} { test_system_errno db $::seh_errno }
+}
+catch { db close }
+
+do_faultsim_test 6 -faults seh -prep {
+  catch { db close }
+  faultsim_restore_and_reopen
+} -body {
+  execsql { PRAGMA wal_checkpoint = TRUNCATE }
+  execsql { INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7, 8) }
+  execsql { SELECT * FROM t1 }
+} -test {
+  faultsim_test_result {0 {1 2 3 4 7 8}} 
+  if {$testrc} { test_system_errno db $::seh_errno }
+}
+catch { db close }
+
+finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/where7.test b/sqlite/test/where7.test
index f76e8aba..681684b8 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/where7.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/where7.test
@@ -47,18 +47,33 @@ do_test where7-1.1 {
     SELECT * FROM t1;
   }
 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5 3 4 6 8 4 5 10 15 5 10 100 1000}
-do_execsql_test where7-1.1.1 {
-  CREATE TABLE t(a);
-  CREATE INDEX ta ON t(a);
-  INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(1),(2);
-  SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY a;
-  SELECT * FROM t WHERE a<2 OR a<3 ORDER BY a;
-  PRAGMA count_changes=ON;
-  DELETE FROM t WHERE a<2 OR a<3;
-  SELECT * FROM t;
-  PRAGMA count_changes=OFF;
-  DROP TABLE t;
-} {1 2 1 2 2}
+if {[permutation] != "no_optimization"} {
+  do_execsql_test where7-1.1.1 {
+    CREATE TABLE t(a);
+    CREATE INDEX ta ON t(a);
+    INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(1),(2);
+    SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY a;
+    SELECT * FROM t WHERE a<2 OR a<3 ORDER BY a;
+    PRAGMA count_changes=ON;
+    DELETE FROM t WHERE a<2 OR a<3;
+    SELECT * FROM t;
+    PRAGMA count_changes=OFF;
+    DROP TABLE t;
+  } {1 2 1 2 2}
+} else {
+  do_execsql_test where7-1.1.1-noopt {
+    CREATE TABLE t(a);
+    CREATE INDEX ta ON t(a);
+    INSERT INTO t(a) VALUES(1),(2);
+    SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY a;
+    SELECT * FROM t WHERE a<2 OR a<3 ORDER BY a;
+    PRAGMA count_changes=ON;
+    DELETE FROM t WHERE a<2 OR a<3;
+    SELECT * FROM t;
+    PRAGMA count_changes=OFF;
+    DROP TABLE t;
+  } {1 2 1 2 3}
+}
 do_test where7-1.2 {
   count_steps {
     SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b=3 OR c=6 ORDER BY a
diff --git a/sqlite/test/wherelimit2.test b/sqlite/test/wherelimit2.test
index 8e39127a..57288bf6 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/wherelimit2.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/wherelimit2.test
@@ -299,5 +299,35 @@ do_test 5.5 {
   set ::log
 } {ax a bx b cx c dx d ex a}
 
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 6.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t2(x);  
+  INSERT INTO t2(x) VALUES(1),(2),(3),(5),(8),(13);
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.1 {
+  WITH t2 AS MATERIALIZED (VALUES(5))
+  DELETE FROM t2 ORDER BY rank()OVER() LIMIT 2;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 6.2 {
+  SELECT * FROM t2;
+} {3 5 8 13}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+do_execsql_test 7.0 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(a INT); INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(0);
+} {}
+
+do_execsql_test 7.1 {
+  WITH t1(b) AS (SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM (VALUES(2))))
+  UPDATE t1 SET a=3 LIMIT 1;
+}
+
+do_execsql_test 7.2 {
+  SELECT * FROM t1;
+} {3}
 
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/window1.test b/sqlite/test/window1.test
index 783a739e..c9bbae3e 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/window1.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/window1.test
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ do_execsql_test 4.9 {
 do_execsql_test 4.10.1 {
   SELECT a, 
     count() OVER (ORDER BY a DESC),
-    group_concat(a, '.') OVER (ORDER BY a DESC) 
+    string_agg(a, '.') OVER (ORDER BY a DESC) 
   FROM t2 ORDER BY a DESC
 } {
   6 1 6
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ foreach {tn sql error} {
 }
 
 do_execsql_test 18.3.1 {
-  SELECT group_concat(c, '.') OVER (PARTITION BY b ORDER BY c)
+  SELECT string_agg(c, '.') OVER (PARTITION BY b ORDER BY c)
   FROM t1
 } {four four.six four.six.two five five.one five.one.three}
 
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ do_execsql_test 18.3.2 {
 } {four four.six four.six.two five five.one five.one.three}
 
 do_execsql_test 18.3.3 {
-  SELECT group_concat(c, '.') OVER win2
+  SELECT string_agg(c, '.') OVER win2
   FROM t1
   WINDOW win1 AS (PARTITION BY b),
          win2 AS (win1 ORDER BY c)
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ do_execsql_test 18.3.4 {
 } {four four.six four.six.two five five.one five.one.three}
 
 do_execsql_test 18.3.5 {
-  SELECT group_concat(c, '.') OVER win5
+  SELECT string_agg(c, '.') OVER win5
   FROM t1
   WINDOW win1 AS (PARTITION BY b),
          win2 AS (win1),
@@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@ do_execsql_test 28.1.1 {
 }
 
 do_execsql_test 28.1.2 {
-  SELECT group_concat(b,'') OVER w1 FROM t1
+  SELECT string_agg(b,'') OVER w1 FROM t1
     WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY a RANGE BETWEEN 3 PRECEDING AND 1 PRECEDING)
 } {
   {} {}
@@ -2363,4 +2363,17 @@ do_execsql_test 76.5 {
   SELECT (SELECT max(y)+sum(0) OVER ()) FROM t3 LEFT JOIN t4 ON x=y GROUP BY x;
 } {100 {} 400}
 
+# 2023-05-23 https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/fbfe330a20
+#
+reset_db
+do_execsql_test 77.1 {
+  CREATE TABLE t1(x INT);
+  CREATE INDEX t1x ON t1(likely(x));
+  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1),(2),(4),(8);
+}
+do_execsql_test 77.2 {
+  SELECT max(~likely(x)) FILTER (WHERE true) FROM t1 INDEXED BY t1x GROUP BY x;
+} {-2 -3 -5 -9}
+
+
 finish_test
diff --git a/sqlite/test/window3.test b/sqlite/test/window3.test
index 4f759abb..1893b539 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/window3.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/window3.test
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ do_execsql_test 1.1.13.6 {
   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}   {}}
 
 do_execsql_test 1.1.14.1 {
-  SELECT group_concat(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER (ORDER BY a RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) FROM t2
+  SELECT string_agg(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER (ORDER BY a RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) FROM t2
 } {89   89.81   89.81.96   89.81.96.59   89.81.96.59.38   89.81.96.59.38.68
   89.81.96.59.38.68.39   89.81.96.59.38.68.39.62   89.81.96.59.38.68.39.62.91
   89.81.96.59.38.68.39.62.91.46   89.81.96.59.38.68.39.62.91.46.6
@@ -1471,7 +1471,7 @@ do_execsql_test 1.1.14.2 {
   89.59.39.99.29.59.89.89.29.9.79.49.59.29.59.19.39.9.9.99.69.39}
 
 do_execsql_test 1.1.14.3 {
-  SELECT group_concat(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER ( ORDER BY b,a RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW ) FROM t2
+  SELECT string_agg(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER ( ORDER BY b,a RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW ) FROM t2
 } {1   1.1   1.1.2   1.1.2.2   1.1.2.2.3   1.1.2.2.3.3   1.1.2.2.3.3.4
   1.1.2.2.3.3.4.5   1.1.2.2.3.3.4.5.6   1.1.2.2.3.3.4.5.6.7
   1.1.2.2.3.3.4.5.6.7.7   1.1.2.2.3.3.4.5.6.7.7.7   1.1.2.2.3.3.4.5.6.7.7.7.8
@@ -1758,7 +1758,7 @@ do_execsql_test 1.1.14.4 {
   9.9.9.19.29.29.29.39.39.39.49.59.59.59.59.69.79.89.89.89.99.99}
 
 do_execsql_test 1.1.14.5 {
-  SELECT group_concat(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER ( ORDER BY b%10,a RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW ) FROM t2
+  SELECT string_agg(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER ( ORDER BY b%10,a RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW ) FROM t2
 } {90   90.40   90.40.30   90.40.30.80   90.40.30.80.20   90.40.30.80.20.90
   90.40.30.80.20.90.60   90.40.30.80.20.90.60.70   90.40.30.80.20.90.60.70.80
   90.40.30.80.20.90.60.70.80.90   90.40.30.80.20.90.60.70.80.90.30
@@ -1960,7 +1960,7 @@ do_execsql_test 1.1.14.6 {
   83   27   17   7}
 
 do_execsql_test 1.1.14.7 {
-  SELECT group_concat(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER (win1 ORDER BY b%10 RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) 
+  SELECT string_agg(CAST(b AS TEXT), '.') OVER (win1 ORDER BY b%10 RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) 
     FROM t2
     WINDOW win1 AS (PARTITION BY b%2,a)
     ORDER BY 1
diff --git a/sqlite/test/with3.test b/sqlite/test/with3.test
index 650740dc..9b110deb 100644
--- a/sqlite/test/with3.test
+++ b/sqlite/test/with3.test
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ do_eqp_test 3.2.2 {
   |  |  `--SCALAR SUBQUERY xxxxxx
   |  |     `--SCAN w2
   |  `--RECURSIVE STEP
-  |     |--SCAN c
-  |     `--SCAN w1
+  |     |--SCAN w1
+  |     `--SCAN c
   |--SCAN c
   |--SEARCH w2 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)
   `--SEARCH w1 USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?)
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/build-shell.sh b/sqlite/tool/build-shell.sh
index 6a48299d..a57f7530 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/build-shell.sh
+++ b/sqlite/tool/build-shell.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ gcc -o sqlite3 -g -Os -I. \
    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS4 \
    -DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE \
    -DHAVE_READLINE \
-   -DHAVE_USLEEP=1 \
    ../sqlite/src/shell.c \
    ../sqlite/src/test_vfstrace.c \
    sqlite3.c -ldl -lreadline -lncurses
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/cktclsh.sh b/sqlite/tool/cktclsh.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1928a409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/tool/cktclsh.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Fail with an error if the TCLSH named in $2 is not tclsh version $1 or later.
+#
+echo "set vers $1" >cktclsh$1.tcl
+echo 'if {$tcl_version<$vers} {exit 1}' >>cktclsh$1.tcl
+if ! $2 cktclsh$1.tcl
+then
+   echo "ERROR: This makefile target requires tclsh $1 or later."
+   rm cktclsh$1.tcl
+   exit 1
+fi
+rm cktclsh$1.tcl
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/custom.txt b/sqlite/tool/custom.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b9c8a985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/tool/custom.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1246 @@
+aa
+aaa
+abc
+abcdefg
+abd
+abf
+Abortable
+acc
+accessor
+accum
+acd
+activecpu
+Adaptor
+Additionallly
+addop
+addoptrace
+addr
+adjustements
+af
+aff
+afp
+afterward
+Agg
+agg
+agginfo
+alikes
+Alloc
+alloc
+alloca
+allocator
+allocators
+alphabetics
+alphanumerics
+alternateform
+altertab
+altform
+amalgamator
+amongst
+analyse
+antipenultimate
+ap
+api
+appdef
+appendall
+appendchar
+appendf
+ar
+arg
+argc
+argcount
+arglist
+argn
+args
+argv
+arrayname
+ascii
+asm
+async
+atoi
+atomics
+auth
+authorizer
+autocheckpoint
+autocommit
+autoconf
+autoext
+autoextension
+autoinc
+autoincrement
+autoincremented
+autoindex
+autoinstall
+autovac
+autovacuum
+autovacuumed
+autovacuuming
+auxdata
+awk
+Ax
+backend
+backends
+backfill
+backfilled
+backfilling
+backtrace
+backtraces
+backtracing
+bb
+bba
+bcb
+bcc
+beginthreadex
+behavior
+behavioral
+behaviors
+benigncnt
+bg
+bigblob
+bitcount
+bitfield
+bitmask
+bitmasks
+bitset
+bitvec
+bitvecs
+bitwise
+blobwrite
+blockquote
+Bloomfilter
+bom
+boolean
+booleans
+Borland
+br
+breadthfirstsearch
+breakpoint
+bt
+btree
+btrees
+buf
+bufpt
+butoindex
+bytearray
+bytecode
+bytecodevtab
+byteorder
+cacheflush
+cachegrind
+Cachesize
+calc'ing
+callgrind
+cardinalities
+cardinality
+carray
+cb
+cd
+cdbaa
+ce
+ceil
+cellpadding
+cellspacing
+center
+chacha
+changecounter
+changeset
+characgter
+characterset
+checkpointed
+Checkpointer
+checkpointer
+checkpointers
+checkpointing
+checksummed
+checksums
+chmod
+chng
+chown
+chroot
+chsize
+chunksize
+cid
+cis
+ckalloc'd
+ckpt
+cksum
+cksumvfs
+clientdata
+closedir
+clownshoe
+cmd
+cmp
+cmpaff
+Cmpr
+cnt
+codec
+codepage
+collseq
+colname
+compileoption
+concat
+config
+confstr
+connetion
+consective
+considertion
+const
+coredump
+coroutine
+coroutines
+cov
+crashparams
+csr
+csv
+Cte
+ctime
+Ctrl
+ctrl
+ctx
+ctype
+cume
+Cx
+cx
+Cygwin
+cygwin
+dan
+darkstar
+databasename
+databse
+datasource
+datatypes
+datetime
+dbfuzz
+dbinfo
+dbname
+dbpage
+dbpagevfs
+dbs
+dbsize
+dbsqlfuzz
+dbstat
+dbtotxt
+De
+de
+deadman
+deallocate
+deallocated
+deallocates
+deallocating
+deallocation
+decltype
+decrementing
+defense
+defenses
+defn
+defragment
+defragmentation
+defragmented
+deinitialization
+Deinitialize
+deinitialize
+demovfs
+dependences
+dequote
+dequoted
+dequoting
+dereferenced
+dereferences
+desc
+deserialization
+deserialize
+deserialized
+deserializes
+deserializing
+dest
+destructor
+destructors
+deterministically
+dev
+devsim
+devsym
+df
+Dfdatasync
+dflt
+dir
+directonly
+dirent
+dirs
+disjunct
+disjunction
+disjuncts
+diskfull
+divy
+dl
+dll
+dlopen
+dlsym
+docid
+docids
+dont
+dontcache
+dotfile
+dotlock
+doublearray
+drh
+dryrun
+dstr
+dt
+Duint
+dup
+Durian
+dword
+Dx
+dylib
+Dyn
+Ec
+ec
+ecel
+editability
+ef
+efc
+eg
+Ei
+elif
+emcc
+emscripten
+encodings
+endeavor
+endfor
+endian
+endianness
+endif
+endthreadex
+enum
+eof
+eph
+Ephem
+eq
+eqp
+equaling
+equalities
+errcode
+errmsg
+errno
+errorcode
+erroroffset
+errstr
+esc
+esign
+et
+etfs
+etilqs
+eval
+exe
+expander
+explainer
+expmask
+expr
+exprlist
+extern
+fakeheap
+fallocate
+fanout
+faultsim
+favor
+favors
+fb
+fc
+fchmod
+fchown
+fclose
+fcntl
+fd
+fdatasync
+feb
+fef
+Feijoa
+ferror
+ffff
+ffffeff
+ffffffe
+fffffff
+ffffffff
+fffffffffffffff
+fflush
+fg
+fgets
+fi
+fibonacci
+fid
+Fifo
+filecount
+filectrl
+filemapping
+filesize
+filesystem
+filesystems
+finalised
+finalizer
+findfirst
+findnext
+fixup
+fk
+fkctr
+fkey
+flattener
+fmt
+fopen
+foreach
+formatter
+fprintf
+fputs
+fread
+fred
+fred's
+freeblock
+freeblocks
+freelist
+freepage
+freespace
+frombind
+fs
+fsanitize
+fsctl
+fsdir
+fseek
+fstat
+fstree
+fsync
+fsynced
+fsyncs
+ftell
+ftruncate
+fts
+fullfsync
+fullname
+fullschema
+fullshm
+fullsync
+fullsyncs
+func
+funcs
+fuzzer
+fuzzers
+fwrite
+Fx
+gcc
+gcov
+gdb
+getcwd
+getenv
+gethostuuid
+getpagesize
+getpid
+getrusage
+getsubtype
+getter
+getters
+gibabyte
+gid
+glibc
+globbing
+gmtime
+Gosub
+Goto
+goto
+groupbyparent
+Groupid
+growable
+grp
+hdl
+hdr
+hexdb
+hexdouble
+hexio
+highwater
+hijklmno
+honor
+honored
+honoring
+hostid
+href
+html
+htsize
+hw
+Hwtime
+icecube
+ideographical
+idx
+idxaff
+idxnum
+idxstr
+idx'th
+ieee
+ifdef
+iff
+ifndef
+imm
+impl
+incr
+incrblob
+incrementing
+indexable
+indexname
+infop
+ing
+init
+initfail
+initializer
+initializers
+initiallly
+inlined
+inlines
+inlining
+ino
+inode
+inodes
+inopertune
+installable
+intarray
+inteface
+interoperate
+interp
+interpretable
+intkey
+intptr
+intreal
+intrinsics
+invalidations
+invariants
+io
+ioerr
+iotrace
+ipk
+iplan
+isalnum
+isalpha
+isatty
+isdigit
+isempty
+isexplain
+ismemdb
+isnan
+isspace
+isxdigit
+i'th
+iversion
+jfd
+jj
+jointype
+jointypes
+journaled
+journaling
+journalled
+journalling
+journalmode
+jrnl
+jsl
+json
+jt
+julian
+julianday
+keyinfo
+keywordhash
+kibibytes
+kvstorage
+kvvfs
+lappend
+lasterrno
+lbl
+ldl
+le
+leafdata
+leftjustify
+len
+leveling
+lexeme
+lexemes
+lhs
+li
+libm
+libversion
+lifecycle
+lindex
+lineno
+Linenoise
+linux
+lised
+lld
+llvm
+lm
+ln
+lncurses
+loadext
+localhost
+localtime
+lockd
+lockdata
+lockingcontext
+lockless
+lockproxy
+locktype
+logmsg
+longvalue
+longwords
+lookahead
+Lookaside
+lookaside
+lookups
+losslessly
+lpthread
+lrc
+lreadline
+lru
+lseek
+lt
+lvalue
+lwr
+makefile
+makefiles
+malloc
+malloc'd
+malloced
+mallocs
+manditory
+manpage
+matchinfo
+materializations
+mathfuncs
+maxsize
+mbcs
+Mcafee
+md
+Meeus
+mem
+memcmp
+memcpy
+memdb
+memdebug
+memget
+memmove
+mempool
+memset
+memstatus
+memsys
+memvfs
+mergeable
+mergepatch
+middleware
+millisec
+mincore
+mingw
+mis
+miscoded
+mj
+mkctimec
+mkdir
+mkkeywordhash
+mkopcodec
+mkopcodeh
+mkpragmatab
+mmap
+mmapped
+mno
+modeof
+Movepage
+mprintf
+msd
+msdos
+msec
+msg
+msgs
+msize
+msvc
+mtime
+mult
+multibyte
+multiplex'ed
+multiplexor
+multithreaded
+multiwrite
+mutex
+mutexes
+mutexing
+mx
+mxpathname
+myprefix
+nal
+namecontext
+namespace
+natively
+nbr
+nbsp
+ncell
+ncol
+ncycle
+nd
+ndlt
+neighbors
+neq
+nestable
+newrowid
+nfs
+nlt
+nnn
+nocase
+nochange
+nochng
+nofollow
+nolock
+nomem
+nomutex
+nonblocking
+nonroot
+noop
+noshm
+notational
+notheld
+notnull
+nowrap
+nr
+ntile
+nul
+nullable
+nullif
+nullvalue
+Num
+objproc
+oc
+offsetof
+ofst
+ogham
+oid
+Ok
+ok
+ol
+onecolumn
+onepass
+onoff
+onwards
+oom
+opcodesnever
+openable
+opendir
+optimizers
+optimizible
+orconf
+orderby
+orderbylist
+os
+Oswrite
+overread
+overreads
+overrideable
+oversize
+overwriteable
+ovewrite
+ovfl
+pagecache
+pagecaches
+pagecount
+pagelist
+pageno
+pagesize
+pagetype
+Param
+params
+passwd
+patchset
+pathname
+pathnames
+pc
+pcache
+pclose
+pcx
+pgno
+pgoffset
+pgsize
+pgsz
+pid
+pluggable
+pmasz
+pn
+popen
+pos
+posix
+Postgres
+Powersafe
+powersafe
+pq
+pqr
+pqrstuvw
+pragma
+pragmaed
+pragma's
+pragmas
+pre
+pread
+preallocate
+preallocated
+precisions
+precompiled
+precomputed
+prefetch
+prefetched
+preformated
+preformatted
+prepend
+prepended
+prepending
+prepends
+prepopulate
+preprocess
+preprocessed
+preprocessing
+preprocessor
+prereq
+prereqs
+preupdate
+primarykey
+printf
+printfs
+prng
+proc
+procs
+profiler
+proleptic
+proxying
+proxys
+pseudocode
+pseudotable
+psow
+psz
+pthread
+pthreads
+ptr
+ptrmap
+ptrs
+purgeable
+putsnl
+pwrite
+pz
+qbox
+Qcircle
+quotaed
+quotefix
+radix
+randomblob
+randstr
+rarr
+rc
+rcauth
+Rcvr
+rds
+readdir
+readline
+readlock
+readonly
+Readr
+realloc
+reallocs
+realvalue
+rebalance
+rebalanced
+recoverability
+redefinable
+redux
+reenabled
+reentrant
+refcount
+refcounts
+regs
+reindexed
+reinitializer
+reinitializes
+rekey
+rekeyed
+relevancies
+relink
+relink
+relock
+renormalize
+reoptimize
+reparse
+reparse
+reparsed
+reparsing
+reportable
+reprepare
+reprepare
+reprepared
+reprepares
+representable
+repurpose
+Req'd
+requeries
+requote
+reregister
+reseek
+reservebytes
+resumable
+retarget
+retargeted
+retrys
+returntype
+rfc
+rhs
+Ri
+Rivest
+ro
+rootpage
+rowid
+rowids
+Rowkey
+rownumber
+rowset
+runtime
+rw
+rwc
+samplelib
+sampleno
+sandboxed
+sandboxing
+savepoint
+savepoints
+scanf
+scanstats
+scanstatus
+schemas
+sectorsize
+selecttrace
+selftest
+setrlimit
+setsubtype
+settitle
+sharable
+shm
+shmlock
+sibs
+sig
+signaling
+significand
+sizehint
+Sizeof
+sizeof
+snprintf
+Solaris
+sorterref
+soundex
+sourceid
+speedtest
+sprintf
+sql
+sqlar
+sqlite
+sqliteplocks
+sqliterc
+sqllog
+sqllogglobal
+sqlthread
+sqr
+sqrt
+src
+srcck
+statfs
+stderr
+stdin
+stdout
+stmt
+stmts
+str
+strace
+strcasecmp
+strcmp
+strdup
+strerror
+strftime
+strglob
+stricmp
+stringify
+strlen
+strlike
+strncmp
+strncpy
+strnicmp
+stronly
+strstr
+struct
+structs
+subbitmap
+subcases
+subclassed
+subclauses
+subcomponents
+subdirectory
+subelement
+subexpression
+subexpressions
+subfunction
+subfunctions
+subitem
+subjournals
+sublevels
+subnode
+suboptimal
+subpages
+subprocedures
+subprog
+subprogs
+subq
+subqueries
+subquery
+Subrtn
+subsec
+subsecond
+subsequence
+substr
+substring
+substrings
+subsubstructure
+subsubterms
+Subtask
+subtasks
+subterm
+subterms
+subtransaction
+subtransactions
+subtree
+subtrees
+subtype
+subtypes
+sumint
+superclass
+superlock
+superset
+superunlock
+symlinks
+synching
+sys
+syscall
+sz
+szosfile
+tablename
+tailval
+tailvar
+tbl
+tblname
+Tcl
+tcl
+Tclcmd
+tclcmd
+tclsh
+tclsqlite
+tclvar
+td
+tempfilename
+testcase
+testctrl
+testfixture
+testtag
+testvfs
+textarray
+th
+threadid
+threadsafe
+threadsafety
+throughs
+tht
+timediff
+tkt
+tm
+tmp
+tmpdir
+tmpfs
+tnum
+Todo
+tokenize
+tokenizer
+tokenizing
+tolower
+toobig
+toupper
+treetrace
+treeview
+trimleft
+trimright
+truesize
+trys
+Tsd
+Ts'o
+tunable
+tvfs
+txn
+txt
+Typecheck
+typedef
+typedefed
+typedefs
+typename
+typenames
+typeof
+tz
+uber
+uid
+uint
+ul
+umask
+Un
+un
+unallocated
+unanalyzed
+unary
+unbuffered
+unclosed
+uncompiled
+uncomputed
+undefining
+underfull
+unexpanded
+unfinalized
+unfreed
+unhex
+unicode
+unindexed
+uninit
+uninitialize
+unintuitive
+unioned
+unissued
+unix
+unixepoch
+unlink
+unlinked
+unlinking
+unlinks
+unmap
+unmapped
+unmapping
+unoptimized
+unparsed
+unreduced
+unref
+unreferenced
+unrefs
+unregister
+unregistering
+unregisters
+unresolvable
+unsynced
+unterminated
+untracked
+untrusted
+Upfrom
+uppercasing
+upr
+Upsert
+upsert
+upto
+uptr
+uri
+userauth
+userdata
+Userid
+usleep
+utc
+Utf
+utf
+util
+uuu
+uuuuu
+uuzzzz
+va
+valgrind
+vanishingly
+vappendf
+vararg
+varargs
+varint
+varints
+varname
+vcolumn
+vdbe
+vdbeapi
+vdbe's
+vdbes
+vdbesort
+ve
+verifications
+vfs
+vfslog
+vfsname
+vfs's
+vfstrace
+vm
+vmprintf
+vmstep
+vsnprintf
+vt
+vtab
+vtabs
+Vugt
+vvv
+vvvv
+vvvvv
+vvvvvv
+vwait
+vxworks
+wal
+wasm
+wherecode
+whereexpr
+wheretrace
+whitespace
+Willmann
+withoutrowid
+wr
+wrapup
+writeable
+writecrash
+writefile
+wsd
+ww
+wwww
+wwzzzzyy
+wxyz
+xa
+xac
+xb
+xbf
+xc
+xd
+xdg
+xe
+xf
+xfe
+xfer
+xff
+xfff
+xfffd
+xfffe
+xffffffff
+x'hhhhhh
+xinfo
+xlc
+xtype
+xxxx
+xxxxx
+xxxxxx
+xxxxxxx
+xxxxxxxx
+xyz
+xyzzy
+yy
+yyxxxxxx
+yyy
+yyyyy
+yyyyyy
+zeroblob
+Zeroblobs
+zerodata
+zeropad
+zipfile
+zipvfs
+zplan
+zulu
+zzzz
+zzzzyyyy
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/fuzzershell.c b/sqlite/tool/fuzzershell.c
index 9a271035..7a7aef02 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/fuzzershell.c
+++ b/sqlite/tool/fuzzershell.c
@@ -680,6 +680,11 @@ static sqlite3_module seriesModule = {
   0,                         /* xRollback */
   0,                         /* xFindMethod */
   0,                         /* xRename */
+  0,                         /* xSavepoint */
+  0,                         /* xRelease */
+  0,                         /* xRollbackTo */
+  0,                         /* xShadowName */
+  0                          /* xIntegrity */
 };
 /* END the generate_series(START,END,STEP) implementation
 *********************************************************************************/
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/lemon.c b/sqlite/tool/lemon.c
index fb81292d..7804837a 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/lemon.c
+++ b/sqlite/tool/lemon.c
@@ -426,7 +426,8 @@ struct lemon {
   int printPreprocessed;   /* Show preprocessor output on stdout */
   int has_fallback;        /* True if any %fallback is seen in the grammar */
   int nolinenosflag;       /* True if #line statements should not be printed */
-  char *argv0;             /* Name of the program */
+  int argc;                /* Number of command-line arguments */
+  char **argv;             /* Command-line arguments */
 };
 
 #define MemoryCheck(X) if((X)==0){ \
@@ -1516,8 +1517,10 @@ void memory_error(void){
   exit(1);
 }
 
-static int nDefine = 0;      /* Number of -D options on the command line */
-static char **azDefine = 0;  /* Name of the -D macros */
+static int nDefine = 0;        /* Number of -D options on the command line */
+static int nDefineUsed = 0;    /* Number of -D options actually used */
+static char **azDefine = 0;    /* Name of the -D macros */
+static char *bDefineUsed = 0;  /* True for every -D macro actually used */
 
 /* This routine is called with the argument to each -D command-line option.
 ** Add the macro defined to the azDefine array.
@@ -1530,6 +1533,12 @@ static void handle_D_option(char *z){
     fprintf(stderr,"out of memory\n");
     exit(1);
   }
+  bDefineUsed = (char*)realloc(bDefineUsed, nDefine);
+  if( bDefineUsed==0 ){
+    fprintf(stderr,"out of memory\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+  bDefineUsed[nDefine-1] = 0;
   paz = &azDefine[nDefine-1];
   *paz = (char *) malloc( lemonStrlen(z)+1 );
   if( *paz==0 ){
@@ -1666,7 +1675,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
   struct lemon lem;
   struct rule *rp;
 
-  (void)argc;
   OptInit(argv,options,stderr);
   if( version ){
      printf("Lemon version 1.0\n");
@@ -1683,7 +1691,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
   Strsafe_init();
   Symbol_init();
   State_init();
-  lem.argv0 = argv[0];
+  lem.argv = argv;
+  lem.argc = argc;
   lem.filename = OptArg(0);
   lem.basisflag = basisflag;
   lem.nolinenosflag = nolinenosflag;
@@ -2856,6 +2865,10 @@ static int eval_preprocessor_boolean(char *z, int lineno){
       res = 0;
       for(j=0; j<nDefine; j++){
         if( strncmp(azDefine[j],&z[i],n)==0 && azDefine[j][n]==0 ){
+          if( !bDefineUsed[j] ){
+            bDefineUsed[j] = 1;
+            nDefineUsed++;
+          }
           res = 1;
           break;
         }
@@ -3674,7 +3687,7 @@ PRIVATE FILE *tplt_open(struct lemon *lemp)
   }else if( access(templatename,004)==0 ){
     tpltname = templatename;
   }else{
-    toFree = tpltname = pathsearch(lemp->argv0,templatename,0);
+    toFree = tpltname = pathsearch(lemp->argv[0],templatename,0);
   }
   if( tpltname==0 ){
     fprintf(stderr,"Can't find the parser driver template file \"%s\".\n",
@@ -4396,7 +4409,17 @@ void ReportTable(
 
   fprintf(out, 
      "/* This file is automatically generated by Lemon from input grammar\n"
-     "** source file \"%s\". */\n", lemp->filename); lineno += 2;
+     "** source file \"%s\"", lemp->filename);  lineno++;
+  if( nDefineUsed==0 ){
+    fprintf(out, ".\n*/\n"); lineno += 2;
+  }else{
+    fprintf(out, " with these options:\n**\n"); lineno += 2;
+    for(i=0; i<nDefine; i++){
+      if( !bDefineUsed[i] ) continue;
+      fprintf(out, "**   -D%s\n", azDefine[i]); lineno++;
+    }
+    fprintf(out, "*/\n"); lineno++;
+  }
   
   /* The first %include directive begins with a C-language comment,
   ** then skip over the header comment of the template file
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/mkautoconfamal.sh b/sqlite/tool/mkautoconfamal.sh
index eacd9fa5..35dbfb41 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/mkautoconfamal.sh
+++ b/sqlite/tool/mkautoconfamal.sh
@@ -25,6 +25,14 @@ VERSION=`cat $TOP/VERSION`
 HASH=`sed 's/^\(..........\).*/\1/' $TOP/manifest.uuid`
 DATETIME=`grep '^D' $TOP/manifest | sed -e 's/[^0-9]//g' -e 's/\(............\).*/\1/'`
 
+# Verify that the version number in the TEA autoconf file is correct.
+# Fail with an error if not.
+#
+if grep $VERSION $TOP/autoconf/tea/configure.ac
+then echo "TEA version number ok"
+else echo "TEA version number mismatch.  Should be $VERSION"; exit 1
+fi
+
 # If this script is given an argument of --snapshot, then generate a
 # snapshot tarball named for the current checkout SHA1 hash, rather than
 # the version number.
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/mkctimec.tcl b/sqlite/tool/mkctimec.tcl
index bcb1a54b..098bf16e 100755
--- a/sqlite/tool/mkctimec.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/tool/mkctimec.tcl
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ set boolean_defnil_options {
   SQLITE_IGNORE_FLOCK_LOCK_ERRORS
   SQLITE_INLINE_MEMCPY
   SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
+  SQLITE_LEGACY_JSON_VALID
   SQLITE_LIKE_DOESNT_MATCH_BLOBS
   SQLITE_LOCK_TRACE
   SQLITE_LOG_CACHE_SPILL
@@ -238,6 +239,7 @@ set boolean_defnil_options {
   SQLITE_OMIT_REINDEX
   SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_PRAGMAS
   SQLITE_OMIT_SCHEMA_VERSION_PRAGMAS
+  SQLITE_OMIT_SEH
   SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
   SQLITE_OMIT_SHUTDOWN_DIRECTORIES
   SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
@@ -307,6 +309,7 @@ set value_options {
   SQLITE_ENABLE_8_3_NAMES
   SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
   SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
+  SQLITE_EXTRA_AUTOEXT
   SQLITE_EXTRA_INIT
   SQLITE_EXTRA_SHUTDOWN
   SQLITE_FTS3_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/mkkeywordhash.c b/sqlite/tool/mkkeywordhash.c
index 44e1d9c2..5386a36c 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/mkkeywordhash.c
+++ b/sqlite/tool/mkkeywordhash.c
@@ -665,39 +665,38 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
   printf("static int keywordCode(const char *z, int n, int *pType){\n");
   printf("  int i, j;\n");
   printf("  const char *zKW;\n");
-  printf("  if( n>=2 ){\n");
-  printf("    i = ((charMap(z[0])*%d) %c", HASH_C0, HASH_CC);
+  printf("  assert( n>=2 );\n");
+  printf("  i = ((charMap(z[0])*%d) %c", HASH_C0, HASH_CC);
   printf(" (charMap(z[n-1])*%d) %c", HASH_C1, HASH_CC);
   printf(" n*%d) %% %d;\n", HASH_C2, bestSize);
-  printf("    for(i=(int)aKWHash[i]; i>0; i=aKWNext[i]){\n");
-  printf("      if( aKWLen[i]!=n ) continue;\n");
-  printf("      zKW = &zKWText[aKWOffset[i]];\n");
+  printf("  for(i=(int)aKWHash[i]; i>0; i=aKWNext[i]){\n");
+  printf("    if( aKWLen[i]!=n ) continue;\n");
+  printf("    zKW = &zKWText[aKWOffset[i]];\n");
   printf("#ifdef SQLITE_ASCII\n");
-  printf("      if( (z[0]&~0x20)!=zKW[0] ) continue;\n");
-  printf("      if( (z[1]&~0x20)!=zKW[1] ) continue;\n");
-  printf("      j = 2;\n");
-  printf("      while( j<n && (z[j]&~0x20)==zKW[j] ){ j++; }\n");
+  printf("    if( (z[0]&~0x20)!=zKW[0] ) continue;\n");
+  printf("    if( (z[1]&~0x20)!=zKW[1] ) continue;\n");
+  printf("    j = 2;\n");
+  printf("    while( j<n && (z[j]&~0x20)==zKW[j] ){ j++; }\n");
   printf("#endif\n");
   printf("#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC\n");
-  printf("      if( toupper(z[0])!=zKW[0] ) continue;\n");
-  printf("      if( toupper(z[1])!=zKW[1] ) continue;\n");
-  printf("      j = 2;\n");
-  printf("      while( j<n && toupper(z[j])==zKW[j] ){ j++; }\n");
+  printf("    if( toupper(z[0])!=zKW[0] ) continue;\n");
+  printf("    if( toupper(z[1])!=zKW[1] ) continue;\n");
+  printf("    j = 2;\n");
+  printf("    while( j<n && toupper(z[j])==zKW[j] ){ j++; }\n");
   printf("#endif\n");
-  printf("      if( j<n ) continue;\n");
+  printf("    if( j<n ) continue;\n");
   for(i=0; i<nKeyword; i++){
-    printf("      testcase( i==%d ); /* %s */\n",
+    printf("    testcase( i==%d ); /* %s */\n",
            i+1, aKeywordTable[i].zOrigName);
   }
-  printf("      *pType = aKWCode[i];\n");
-  printf("      break;\n");
-  printf("    }\n");
+  printf("    *pType = aKWCode[i];\n");
+  printf("    break;\n");
   printf("  }\n");
   printf("  return n;\n");
   printf("}\n");
   printf("int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char *z, int n){\n");
   printf("  int id = TK_ID;\n");
-  printf("  keywordCode((char*)z, n, &id);\n");
+  printf("  if( n>=2 ) keywordCode((char*)z, n, &id);\n");
   printf("  return id;\n");
   printf("}\n");
   printf("#define SQLITE_N_KEYWORD %d\n", nKeyword);
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl b/sqlite/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
index bc1aadd1..53fa59ac 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
@@ -106,7 +106,30 @@ puts $out [subst \
 ** if you want a wrapper to interface SQLite with your choice of programming
 ** language. The code for the "sqlite3" command-line shell is also in a
 ** separate file. This file contains only code for the core SQLite library.
-*/
+**}]
+set srcroot [file dirname [file dirname [info script]]]
+if {$tcl_platform(platform)=="windows"} {
+  set vsrcprog src-verify.exe
+} else {
+  set vsrcprog ./src-verify
+}
+if {[file executable $vsrcprog] && [file readable $srcroot/manifest]} {
+  set res [string trim [split [exec $vsrcprog -x $srcroot]] \n]
+  puts $out "** The content in this amalgamation comes from Fossil check-in"
+  puts -nonewline $out "** [string range [lindex $res 0] 0 35]"
+  if {[llength $res]==1} {
+    puts $out "."
+  } else {
+    puts $out " with changes in files:\n**"
+    foreach f [lrange $res 1 end] {
+       puts $out "**    $f"
+    }
+  }
+} else {
+  puts $out "** The origin of the sources used to build this amalgamation"
+  puts $out "** is unknown."
+}
+puts $out [subst {*/
 #define SQLITE_CORE 1
 #define SQLITE_AMALGAMATION 1}]
 if {$addstatic} {
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/mktoolzip.tcl b/sqlite/tool/mktoolzip.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..885bae96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/tool/mktoolzip.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/usr/bin/tclsh
+#
+# Run this script in order to generate a ZIP archive containing various
+# command-line tools.
+#
+# The makefile that invokes this script must first build the following
+# binaries:
+#
+#     testfixture             -- used to run this script
+#     sqlite3                 -- the SQLite CLI
+#     sqldiff                 -- Program to diff two databases
+#     sqlite3_analyzer        -- Space analyzer
+#
+switch $tcl_platform(os) {
+  {Windows NT} {
+    set OS win32
+    set EXE .exe
+  }
+  Linux {
+    set OS linux
+    set EXE {}
+  }
+  Darwin {
+    set OS osx
+    set EXE {}
+  }
+  default {
+    set OS unknown
+    set EXE {}
+  }
+}
+switch $tcl_platform(machine) {
+  arm64 {
+    set ARCH arm64
+  }
+  x86_64 {
+    set ARCH x64
+  }
+  amd64 -
+  intel {
+    if {$tcl_platform(pointerSize)==4} {
+      set ARCH x86
+    } else {
+      set ARCH x64
+    }
+  }
+  default {
+    set ARCH unk
+  }
+}
+set in [open [file join [file dirname [file dirname [info script]]] VERSION]]
+set vers [read $in]
+close $in
+scan $vers %d.%d.%d v1 v2 v3
+set v2 [format 3%02d%02d00 $v2 $v3]
+set name sqlite-tools-$OS-$ARCH-$v2.zip
+
+if {$OS=="win32"} {
+  # The win32 tar.exe supports the -a ("auto-compress") option. This causes
+  # tar to create an archive type based on the extension of the output file.
+  # In this case, a zip file.
+  puts "tar -a -cf $name sqlite3$EXE sqldiff$EXE sqlite3_analyzer$EXE"
+  puts [exec tar -a -cf $name sqlite3$EXE sqldiff$EXE sqlite3_analyzer$EXE]
+  puts "$name: [file size $name] bytes"
+} else {
+  puts "zip $name sqlite3$EXE sqldiff$EXE sqlite3_analyzer$EXE"
+  puts [exec zip $name sqlite3$EXE sqldiff$EXE sqlite3_analyzer$EXE]
+  puts [exec ls -l $name]
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/showdb.c b/sqlite/tool/showdb.c
index 0e99331d..1b80c7f1 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/showdb.c
+++ b/sqlite/tool/showdb.c
@@ -959,6 +959,10 @@ static void page_usage_freelist(u32 pgno){
     a = fileRead((pgno-1)*g.pagesize, g.pagesize);
     iNext = decodeInt32(a);
     n = decodeInt32(a+4);
+    if( n>(g.pagesize - 8)/4 ){
+      printf("ERROR: page %d too many freelist entries (%d)\n", pgno, n);
+      n = (g.pagesize - 8)/4;
+    }
     for(i=0; i<n; i++){
       int child = decodeInt32(a + (i*4+8));
       page_usage_msg(child, "freelist leaf, child %d of trunk page %d",
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/showwal.c b/sqlite/tool/showwal.c
index a8e9b53b..7e6c0e17 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/showwal.c
+++ b/sqlite/tool/showwal.c
@@ -543,16 +543,27 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
   }
   zPgSz[0] = 0;
   zPgSz[1] = 0;
-  lseek(fd, 8, SEEK_SET);
-  read(fd, zPgSz, 4);
-  pagesize = zPgSz[1]*65536 + zPgSz[2]*256 + zPgSz[3];
-  if( pagesize==0 ) pagesize = 1024;
-  printf("Pagesize: %d\n", pagesize);
   fstat(fd, &sbuf);
   if( sbuf.st_size<32 ){
-    printf("file too small to be a WAL\n");
+    printf("%s: file too small to be a WAL - only %d bytes\n",
+           argv[1], (int)sbuf.st_size);
     return 0;
   }
+  if( lseek(fd, 8, SEEK_SET)!=8 ){
+    printf("\"%s\" seems to not be a valid WAL file\n", argv[1]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  if( read(fd, zPgSz, 4)!=4 ){
+    printf("\"%s\": cannot read the page size\n", argv[1]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  pagesize = zPgSz[1]*65536 + zPgSz[2]*256 + zPgSz[3];
+  if( pagesize==0 ) pagesize = 1024;
+  printf("Pagesize: %d\n", pagesize);
+  if( (pagesize & (pagesize-1))!=0 || pagesize<512 || pagesize>65536 ){
+    printf("\"%s\": invalid page size.\n", argv[1]);
+    return 1;
+  }
   mxFrame = (sbuf.st_size - 32)/(pagesize + 24);
   printf("Available pages: 1..%d\n", mxFrame);
   if( argc==2 ){
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/spaceanal.tcl b/sqlite/tool/spaceanal.tcl
index d0c5e65e..8fe72b99 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/spaceanal.tcl
+++ b/sqlite/tool/spaceanal.tcl
@@ -581,6 +581,7 @@ set inuse_pgcnt   [expr wide([mem eval $sql])]
 set inuse_percent [percent $inuse_pgcnt $file_pgcnt]
 
 set free_pgcnt    [expr {$file_pgcnt-$inuse_pgcnt-$av_pgcnt}]
+if {$file_bytes>1073741824 && $free_pgcnt>0} {incr free_pgcnt -1}
 set free_percent  [percent $free_pgcnt $file_pgcnt]
 set free_pgcnt2   [db one {PRAGMA freelist_count}]
 set free_percent2 [percent $free_pgcnt2 $file_pgcnt]
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/speed-check.sh b/sqlite/tool/speed-check.sh
index 06cbd357..4cc25794 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/speed-check.sh
+++ b/sqlite/tool/speed-check.sh
@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ while test "$1" != ""; do
     --stmtcache)
         shift; SPEEDTEST_OPTS="$SPEEDTEST_OPTS --stmtcache $1"
         ;;
+    --nolongdouble)
+        SPEEDTEST_OPTS="$SPEEDTEST_OPTS --nolongdouble"
+        ;;
     --checkpoint)
         SPEEDTEST_OPTS="$SPEEDTEST_OPTS --checkpoint"
         ;;
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/spellsift.tcl b/sqlite/tool/spellsift.tcl
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4e67c3e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/tool/spellsift.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/usr/bin/tclsh
+
+set usage {
+  Usage: spellsift.tcl <source_filenames>
+  The named .c and .h source files comment blocks are spell-checked.
+}
+
+if {[llength $argv] == 0} {
+  puts stderr $usage
+  exit 0
+}
+
+# Want a Tcl version with 3-argument close.
+package require Tcl 8.6
+
+set ::spellchk "aspell --extra-dicts ./custom.rws list"
+
+# Run text through aspell with custom dictionary, return finds.
+proc misspelled {text} {
+  set spellerr [open "|$::spellchk" r+]
+  puts $spellerr $text
+  flush $spellerr
+  close $spellerr write
+  set huhq [regsub {\s*$} [read $spellerr] {}]
+  close $spellerr read
+  return [split $huhq "\n"]
+}
+
+# Eliminate some common patterns that need not be well spelled.
+proc decruft {text} {
+  set nopp [regsub -all "\n *#\[^\n\]*\n" $text "\n\n" ]
+  set noticket [regsub -all {Ticket \[?[0-9a-f]+\]?} $nopp "" ]
+  return $noticket
+}
+
+# Sift out common variable spellings not in normal dictionaries.
+proc varsift {words} {
+  set rv [list]
+  foreach w $words {
+    set n [string length $w]
+    set cr [string range $w 1 end]
+    if {[string tolower $cr] ne $cr} continue
+    lappend rv $w;
+  }
+  return $rv
+}
+
+foreach fname $argv {
+  set ich [open $fname r]
+  set dtext [decruft [read $ich]]
+  close $ich
+  set cbounds [regexp -indices -inline -all {(/\*)|(\*/)} $dtext]
+  set ccb -1
+  set cblocks [list]
+  foreach {ap cb ce} $cbounds {
+    set cib [lindex $cb 1]
+    set cie [lindex $ce 0]
+    if {$cie != -1} {
+      if {$ccb != -1} {
+        set cce [expr $cie - 1]
+        set destar [string map [list * " "] [string range $dtext $ccb $cce]]
+        lappend cblocks $destar
+        set ccb -1
+      } else continue
+    } elseif {$cib != -1} {
+      set ccb [expr $cib + 1]
+    }
+  }
+  set oddspells [varsift [misspelled [join $cblocks "\n"]]]
+  if {[llength $oddspells] > 0} {
+    puts "!? Misspellings from $fname:"
+    puts [join [lsort -nocase -unique $oddspells] "\n"]
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/sqldiff.c b/sqlite/tool/sqldiff.c
index 0a017037..a6125661 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/sqldiff.c
+++ b/sqlite/tool/sqldiff.c
@@ -596,7 +596,9 @@ static void diff_one_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
 
   /* Build the comparison query */
   for(n2=n; az2[n2]; n2++){
-    fprintf(out, "ALTER TABLE %s ADD COLUMN %s;\n", zId, safeId(az2[n2]));
+    char *zNTab = safeId(az2[n2]);
+    fprintf(out, "ALTER TABLE %s ADD COLUMN %s;\n", zId, zNTab);
+    sqlite3_free(zNTab);
   }
   nQ = nPk2+1+2*(n2-nPk2);
   if( n2>nPk2 ){
@@ -605,18 +607,18 @@ static void diff_one_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
       strPrintf(&sql, "%sB.%s", zSep, az[i]);
       zSep = ", ";
     }
-    strPrintf(&sql, ", 1%s -- changed row\n", nPk==n ? "" : ",");
+    strPrintf(&sql, ", 1 /* changed row */");
     while( az[i] ){
-      strPrintf(&sql, "       A.%s IS NOT B.%s, B.%s%s\n",
-                az[i], az2[i], az2[i], az2[i+1]==0 ? "" : ",");
+      strPrintf(&sql, ", A.%s IS NOT B.%s, B.%s",
+                az[i], az2[i], az2[i]);
       i++;
     }
     while( az2[i] ){
-      strPrintf(&sql, "       B.%s IS NOT NULL, B.%s%s\n",
-                az2[i], az2[i], az2[i+1]==0 ? "" : ",");
+      strPrintf(&sql, ", B.%s IS NOT NULL, B.%s",
+                az2[i], az2[i]);
       i++;
     }
-    strPrintf(&sql, "  FROM main.%s A, aux.%s B\n", zId, zId);
+    strPrintf(&sql, "\n  FROM main.%s A, aux.%s B\n", zId, zId);
     zSep = " WHERE";
     for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
       strPrintf(&sql, "%s A.%s=B.%s", zSep, az[i], az[i]);
@@ -642,12 +644,12 @@ static void diff_one_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
     strPrintf(&sql, "%sA.%s", zSep, az[i]);
     zSep = ", ";
   }
-  strPrintf(&sql, ", 2%s -- deleted row\n", nPk==n ? "" : ",");
+  strPrintf(&sql, ", 2 /* deleted row */");
   while( az2[i] ){
-    strPrintf(&sql, "       NULL, NULL%s\n", i==n2-1 ? "" : ",");
+    strPrintf(&sql, ", NULL, NULL");
     i++;
   }
-  strPrintf(&sql, "  FROM main.%s A\n", zId);
+  strPrintf(&sql, "\n  FROM main.%s A\n", zId);
   strPrintf(&sql, " WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM aux.%s B\n", zId);
   zSep =          "                   WHERE";
   for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
@@ -660,12 +662,12 @@ static void diff_one_table(const char *zTab, FILE *out){
     strPrintf(&sql, "%sB.%s", zSep, az[i]);
     zSep = ", ";
   }
-  strPrintf(&sql, ", 3%s -- inserted row\n", nPk==n ? "" : ",");
+  strPrintf(&sql, ", 3 /* inserted row */");
   while( az2[i] ){
-    strPrintf(&sql, "       1, B.%s%s\n", az2[i], az2[i+1]==0 ? "" : ",");
+    strPrintf(&sql, ", 1, B.%s", az2[i]);
     i++;
   }
-  strPrintf(&sql, "  FROM aux.%s B\n", zId);
+  strPrintf(&sql, "\n  FROM aux.%s B\n", zId);
   strPrintf(&sql, " WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM main.%s A\n", zId);
   zSep =          "                   WHERE";
   for(i=0; i<nPk; i++){
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/src-verify.c b/sqlite/tool/src-verify.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..76290465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/tool/src-verify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,956 @@
+/*
+** This utility program reads the "manifest" and "manifest.uuid" files
+** in a Fossil-generated source tree (where the repository has the
+** "manifest" setting turned on - this is true for SQLite and Fossil itself)
+** and verifies that the source code files are complete and unaltered by
+** checking the SHA1 and SHA3 hashes of the source files contained in the
+** "manifest" file.
+**
+** On success it prints:  "OK $HASH" where $HASH is the SHA3-256 hash of
+** the check-in for the source tree.  If it finds any discrepencies, it
+** prints "Derived from $HASH with changes to:" followed by a list of files
+** which have been altered.
+**
+** USAGE:
+**
+**     src-verify [-x] [-v] $(ROOT)
+**
+** Where ROOT is the root of the source tree - the directory that contains
+** the "manifest" and "manifest.uuid" files.  Add the "-v" option for
+** some debugging output.  With the -x option, the output is in a format
+** that is intended to be read by a script rather by a human.  The -x output
+** format always has the SHA3 hash of the source check-in on the first line
+** and lists files that have changed on subsequent lines.
+**
+** Additional debugging options:
+**
+**     src-verify --sha1 FILE ...
+**     src-verify --sha3 FILE ...
+**
+** Compute the SHA1 or SHA3-256 hashes for all of the FILEs named
+**
+** COMPILING:
+**
+** This utility is self-contained.  It uses only the standard library.
+** There are no other dependencies.  Just compile it and run it.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+**   *   This utility assumes that the check-in hash uses SHA3-256.
+**       It is ok for individual file hashes to be SHA1, but the
+**       check-in itself must use a SHA3-256 hash.
+*/
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+# include <unistd.h>
+#else
+# include <io.h>
+# ifndef R_OK
+#   define R_OK 04
+# endif
+# ifndef access
+#   define access(f,m) _access((f),(m))
+# endif
+#endif
+typedef unsigned long long int u64;
+
+/*
+** The SHA1 implementation below is adapted from:
+**
+**  $NetBSD: sha1.c,v 1.6 2009/11/06 20:31:18 joerg Exp $
+**  $OpenBSD: sha1.c,v 1.9 1997/07/23 21:12:32 kstailey Exp $
+**
+** SHA-1 in C
+** By Steve Reid <steve@edmweb.com>
+** 100% Public Domain
+*/
+typedef struct SHA1Context SHA1Context;
+struct SHA1Context {
+  unsigned int state[5];
+  unsigned int count[2];
+  unsigned char buffer[64];
+};
+
+/*
+ * blk0() and blk() perform the initial expand.
+ * I got the idea of expanding during the round function from SSLeay
+ *
+ * blk0le() for little-endian and blk0be() for big-endian.
+ */
+#define SHA_ROT(x,l,r) ((x) << (l) | (x) >> (r))
+#define rol(x,k) SHA_ROT(x,k,32-(k))
+#define ror(x,k) SHA_ROT(x,32-(k),k)
+#define blk0le(i) (block[i] = (ror(block[i],8)&0xFF00FF00) \
+    |(rol(block[i],8)&0x00FF00FF))
+#define blk0be(i) block[i]
+#define blk(i) (block[i&15] = rol(block[(i+13)&15]^block[(i+8)&15] \
+    ^block[(i+2)&15]^block[i&15],1))
+
+/*
+ * (R0+R1), R2, R3, R4 are the different operations (rounds) used in SHA1
+ *
+ * Rl0() for little-endian and Rb0() for big-endian.  Endianness is
+ * determined at run-time.
+ */
+#define Rl0(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+    z+=((w&(x^y))^y)+blk0le(i)+0x5A827999+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define Rb0(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+    z+=((w&(x^y))^y)+blk0be(i)+0x5A827999+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R1(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+    z+=((w&(x^y))^y)+blk(i)+0x5A827999+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R2(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+    z+=(w^x^y)+blk(i)+0x6ED9EBA1+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R3(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+    z+=(((w|x)&y)|(w&x))+blk(i)+0x8F1BBCDC+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+#define R4(v,w,x,y,z,i) \
+    z+=(w^x^y)+blk(i)+0xCA62C1D6+rol(v,5);w=ror(w,2);
+
+/*
+ * Hash a single 512-bit block. This is the core of the algorithm.
+ */
+#define a qq[0]
+#define b qq[1]
+#define c qq[2]
+#define d qq[3]
+#define e qq[4]
+
+void SHA1Transform(unsigned int state[5], const unsigned char buffer[64])
+{
+  unsigned int qq[5]; /* a, b, c, d, e; */
+  static int one = 1;
+  unsigned int block[16];
+  memcpy(block, buffer, 64);
+  memcpy(qq,state,5*sizeof(unsigned int));
+
+  /* Copy context->state[] to working vars */
+  /*
+  a = state[0];
+  b = state[1];
+  c = state[2];
+  d = state[3];
+  e = state[4];
+  */
+
+  /* 4 rounds of 20 operations each. Loop unrolled. */
+  if( 1 == *(unsigned char*)&one ){
+    Rl0(a,b,c,d,e, 0); Rl0(e,a,b,c,d, 1); Rl0(d,e,a,b,c, 2); Rl0(c,d,e,a,b, 3);
+    Rl0(b,c,d,e,a, 4); Rl0(a,b,c,d,e, 5); Rl0(e,a,b,c,d, 6); Rl0(d,e,a,b,c, 7);
+    Rl0(c,d,e,a,b, 8); Rl0(b,c,d,e,a, 9); Rl0(a,b,c,d,e,10); Rl0(e,a,b,c,d,11);
+    Rl0(d,e,a,b,c,12); Rl0(c,d,e,a,b,13); Rl0(b,c,d,e,a,14); Rl0(a,b,c,d,e,15);
+  }else{
+    Rb0(a,b,c,d,e, 0); Rb0(e,a,b,c,d, 1); Rb0(d,e,a,b,c, 2); Rb0(c,d,e,a,b, 3);
+    Rb0(b,c,d,e,a, 4); Rb0(a,b,c,d,e, 5); Rb0(e,a,b,c,d, 6); Rb0(d,e,a,b,c, 7);
+    Rb0(c,d,e,a,b, 8); Rb0(b,c,d,e,a, 9); Rb0(a,b,c,d,e,10); Rb0(e,a,b,c,d,11);
+    Rb0(d,e,a,b,c,12); Rb0(c,d,e,a,b,13); Rb0(b,c,d,e,a,14); Rb0(a,b,c,d,e,15);
+  }
+  R1(e,a,b,c,d,16); R1(d,e,a,b,c,17); R1(c,d,e,a,b,18); R1(b,c,d,e,a,19);
+  R2(a,b,c,d,e,20); R2(e,a,b,c,d,21); R2(d,e,a,b,c,22); R2(c,d,e,a,b,23);
+  R2(b,c,d,e,a,24); R2(a,b,c,d,e,25); R2(e,a,b,c,d,26); R2(d,e,a,b,c,27);
+  R2(c,d,e,a,b,28); R2(b,c,d,e,a,29); R2(a,b,c,d,e,30); R2(e,a,b,c,d,31);
+  R2(d,e,a,b,c,32); R2(c,d,e,a,b,33); R2(b,c,d,e,a,34); R2(a,b,c,d,e,35);
+  R2(e,a,b,c,d,36); R2(d,e,a,b,c,37); R2(c,d,e,a,b,38); R2(b,c,d,e,a,39);
+  R3(a,b,c,d,e,40); R3(e,a,b,c,d,41); R3(d,e,a,b,c,42); R3(c,d,e,a,b,43);
+  R3(b,c,d,e,a,44); R3(a,b,c,d,e,45); R3(e,a,b,c,d,46); R3(d,e,a,b,c,47);
+  R3(c,d,e,a,b,48); R3(b,c,d,e,a,49); R3(a,b,c,d,e,50); R3(e,a,b,c,d,51);
+  R3(d,e,a,b,c,52); R3(c,d,e,a,b,53); R3(b,c,d,e,a,54); R3(a,b,c,d,e,55);
+  R3(e,a,b,c,d,56); R3(d,e,a,b,c,57); R3(c,d,e,a,b,58); R3(b,c,d,e,a,59);
+  R4(a,b,c,d,e,60); R4(e,a,b,c,d,61); R4(d,e,a,b,c,62); R4(c,d,e,a,b,63);
+  R4(b,c,d,e,a,64); R4(a,b,c,d,e,65); R4(e,a,b,c,d,66); R4(d,e,a,b,c,67);
+  R4(c,d,e,a,b,68); R4(b,c,d,e,a,69); R4(a,b,c,d,e,70); R4(e,a,b,c,d,71);
+  R4(d,e,a,b,c,72); R4(c,d,e,a,b,73); R4(b,c,d,e,a,74); R4(a,b,c,d,e,75);
+  R4(e,a,b,c,d,76); R4(d,e,a,b,c,77); R4(c,d,e,a,b,78); R4(b,c,d,e,a,79);
+
+  /* Add the working vars back into context.state[] */
+  state[0] += a;
+  state[1] += b;
+  state[2] += c;
+  state[3] += d;
+  state[4] += e;
+}
+
+/*
+ * SHA1Init - Initialize new context
+ */
+static void SHA1Init(SHA1Context *context){
+    /* SHA1 initialization constants */
+    context->state[0] = 0x67452301;
+    context->state[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
+    context->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
+    context->state[3] = 0x10325476;
+    context->state[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
+    context->count[0] = context->count[1] = 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Run your data through this.
+ */
+static void SHA1Update(
+  SHA1Context *context,
+  const unsigned char *data,
+  unsigned int len
+){
+    unsigned int i, j;
+
+    j = context->count[0];
+    if ((context->count[0] += len << 3) < j)
+        context->count[1] += (len>>29)+1;
+    j = (j >> 3) & 63;
+    if ((j + len) > 63) {
+        (void)memcpy(&context->buffer[j], data, (i = 64-j));
+        SHA1Transform(context->state, context->buffer);
+        for ( ; i + 63 < len; i += 64)
+            SHA1Transform(context->state, &data[i]);
+        j = 0;
+    } else {
+        i = 0;
+    }
+    (void)memcpy(&context->buffer[j], &data[i], len - i);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Add padding and return the message digest.
+ */
+static void SHA1Final(unsigned char *digest, SHA1Context *context){
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned char finalcount[8];
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+        finalcount[i] = (unsigned char)((context->count[(i >= 4 ? 0 : 1)]
+         >> ((3-(i & 3)) * 8) ) & 255); /* Endian independent */
+    }
+    SHA1Update(context, (const unsigned char *)"\200", 1);
+    while ((context->count[0] & 504) != 448)
+        SHA1Update(context, (const unsigned char *)"\0", 1);
+    SHA1Update(context, finalcount, 8);  /* Should cause a SHA1Transform() */
+
+    if (digest) {
+        for (i = 0; i < 20; i++)
+            digest[i] = (unsigned char)
+                ((context->state[i>>2] >> ((3-(i & 3)) * 8) ) & 255);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
+** and whether or not that determination is run-time or compile-time.
+**
+** For best performance, an attempt is made to guess at the byte-order
+** using C-preprocessor macros.  If that is unsuccessful, or if
+** -DSHA3_BYTEORDER=0 is set, then byte-order is determined
+** at run-time.
+*/
+#ifndef SHA3_BYTEORDER
+# if defined(i386)     || defined(__i386__)   || defined(_M_IX86) ||    \
+     defined(__x86_64) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)  ||    \
+     defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(_M_ARM)     || defined(__x86)   ||    \
+     defined(__arm__)
+#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    1234
+# elif defined(sparc)    || defined(__ppc__)
+#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER    4321
+# else
+#   define SHA3_BYTEORDER 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** State structure for a SHA3 hash in progress
+*/
+typedef struct SHA3Context SHA3Context;
+struct SHA3Context {
+  union {
+    u64 s[25];                /* Keccak state. 5x5 lines of 64 bits each */
+    unsigned char x[1600];    /* ... or 1600 bytes */
+  } u;
+  unsigned nRate;        /* Bytes of input accepted per Keccak iteration */
+  unsigned nLoaded;      /* Input bytes loaded into u.x[] so far this cycle */
+  unsigned ixMask;       /* Insert next input into u.x[nLoaded^ixMask]. */
+};
+
+/*
+** A single step of the Keccak mixing function for a 1600-bit state
+*/
+static void KeccakF1600Step(SHA3Context *p){
+  int i;
+  u64 B0, B1, B2, B3, B4;
+  u64 C0, C1, C2, C3, C4;
+  u64 D0, D1, D2, D3, D4;
+  static const u64 RC[] = {
+    0x0000000000000001ULL,  0x0000000000008082ULL,
+    0x800000000000808aULL,  0x8000000080008000ULL,
+    0x000000000000808bULL,  0x0000000080000001ULL,
+    0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008009ULL,
+    0x000000000000008aULL,  0x0000000000000088ULL,
+    0x0000000080008009ULL,  0x000000008000000aULL,
+    0x000000008000808bULL,  0x800000000000008bULL,
+    0x8000000000008089ULL,  0x8000000000008003ULL,
+    0x8000000000008002ULL,  0x8000000000000080ULL,
+    0x000000000000800aULL,  0x800000008000000aULL,
+    0x8000000080008081ULL,  0x8000000000008080ULL,
+    0x0000000080000001ULL,  0x8000000080008008ULL
+  };
+# define A00 (p->u.s[0])
+# define A01 (p->u.s[1])
+# define A02 (p->u.s[2])
+# define A03 (p->u.s[3])
+# define A04 (p->u.s[4])
+# define A10 (p->u.s[5])
+# define A11 (p->u.s[6])
+# define A12 (p->u.s[7])
+# define A13 (p->u.s[8])
+# define A14 (p->u.s[9])
+# define A20 (p->u.s[10])
+# define A21 (p->u.s[11])
+# define A22 (p->u.s[12])
+# define A23 (p->u.s[13])
+# define A24 (p->u.s[14])
+# define A30 (p->u.s[15])
+# define A31 (p->u.s[16])
+# define A32 (p->u.s[17])
+# define A33 (p->u.s[18])
+# define A34 (p->u.s[19])
+# define A40 (p->u.s[20])
+# define A41 (p->u.s[21])
+# define A42 (p->u.s[22])
+# define A43 (p->u.s[23])
+# define A44 (p->u.s[24])
+# define ROL64(a,x) ((a<<x)|(a>>(64-x)))
+
+  for(i=0; i<24; i+=4){
+    C0 = A00^A10^A20^A30^A40;
+    C1 = A01^A11^A21^A31^A41;
+    C2 = A02^A12^A22^A32^A42;
+    C3 = A03^A13^A23^A33^A43;
+    C4 = A04^A14^A24^A34^A44;
+    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
+    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
+    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
+    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
+    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);
+
+    B0 = (A00^D0);
+    B1 = ROL64((A11^D1), 44);
+    B2 = ROL64((A22^D2), 43);
+    B3 = ROL64((A33^D3), 21);
+    B4 = ROL64((A44^D4), 14);
+    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A00 ^= RC[i];
+    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B2 = ROL64((A20^D0), 3);
+    B3 = ROL64((A31^D1), 45);
+    B4 = ROL64((A42^D2), 61);
+    B0 = ROL64((A03^D3), 28);
+    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
+    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B4 = ROL64((A40^D0), 18);
+    B0 = ROL64((A01^D1), 1);
+    B1 = ROL64((A12^D2), 6);
+    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
+    B3 = ROL64((A34^D4), 8);
+    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B1 = ROL64((A10^D0), 36);
+    B2 = ROL64((A21^D1), 10);
+    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
+    B4 = ROL64((A43^D3), 56);
+    B0 = ROL64((A04^D4), 27);
+    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B3 = ROL64((A30^D0), 41);
+    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
+    B0 = ROL64((A02^D2), 62);
+    B1 = ROL64((A13^D3), 55);
+    B2 = ROL64((A24^D4), 39);
+    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    C0 = A00^A20^A40^A10^A30;
+    C1 = A11^A31^A01^A21^A41;
+    C2 = A22^A42^A12^A32^A02;
+    C3 = A33^A03^A23^A43^A13;
+    C4 = A44^A14^A34^A04^A24;
+    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
+    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
+    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
+    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
+    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);
+
+    B0 = (A00^D0);
+    B1 = ROL64((A31^D1), 44);
+    B2 = ROL64((A12^D2), 43);
+    B3 = ROL64((A43^D3), 21);
+    B4 = ROL64((A24^D4), 14);
+    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A00 ^= RC[i+1];
+    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B2 = ROL64((A40^D0), 3);
+    B3 = ROL64((A21^D1), 45);
+    B4 = ROL64((A02^D2), 61);
+    B0 = ROL64((A33^D3), 28);
+    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
+    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B4 = ROL64((A30^D0), 18);
+    B0 = ROL64((A11^D1), 1);
+    B1 = ROL64((A42^D2), 6);
+    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
+    B3 = ROL64((A04^D4), 8);
+    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B1 = ROL64((A20^D0), 36);
+    B2 = ROL64((A01^D1), 10);
+    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
+    B4 = ROL64((A13^D3), 56);
+    B0 = ROL64((A44^D4), 27);
+    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B3 = ROL64((A10^D0), 41);
+    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
+    B0 = ROL64((A22^D2), 62);
+    B1 = ROL64((A03^D3), 55);
+    B2 = ROL64((A34^D4), 39);
+    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    C0 = A00^A40^A30^A20^A10;
+    C1 = A31^A21^A11^A01^A41;
+    C2 = A12^A02^A42^A32^A22;
+    C3 = A43^A33^A23^A13^A03;
+    C4 = A24^A14^A04^A44^A34;
+    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
+    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
+    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
+    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
+    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);
+
+    B0 = (A00^D0);
+    B1 = ROL64((A21^D1), 44);
+    B2 = ROL64((A42^D2), 43);
+    B3 = ROL64((A13^D3), 21);
+    B4 = ROL64((A34^D4), 14);
+    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A00 ^= RC[i+2];
+    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B2 = ROL64((A30^D0), 3);
+    B3 = ROL64((A01^D1), 45);
+    B4 = ROL64((A22^D2), 61);
+    B0 = ROL64((A43^D3), 28);
+    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
+    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B4 = ROL64((A10^D0), 18);
+    B0 = ROL64((A31^D1), 1);
+    B1 = ROL64((A02^D2), 6);
+    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
+    B3 = ROL64((A44^D4), 8);
+    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B1 = ROL64((A40^D0), 36);
+    B2 = ROL64((A11^D1), 10);
+    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
+    B4 = ROL64((A03^D3), 56);
+    B0 = ROL64((A24^D4), 27);
+    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B3 = ROL64((A20^D0), 41);
+    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
+    B0 = ROL64((A12^D2), 62);
+    B1 = ROL64((A33^D3), 55);
+    B2 = ROL64((A04^D4), 39);
+    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    C0 = A00^A30^A10^A40^A20;
+    C1 = A21^A01^A31^A11^A41;
+    C2 = A42^A22^A02^A32^A12;
+    C3 = A13^A43^A23^A03^A33;
+    C4 = A34^A14^A44^A24^A04;
+    D0 = C4^ROL64(C1, 1);
+    D1 = C0^ROL64(C2, 1);
+    D2 = C1^ROL64(C3, 1);
+    D3 = C2^ROL64(C4, 1);
+    D4 = C3^ROL64(C0, 1);
+
+    B0 = (A00^D0);
+    B1 = ROL64((A01^D1), 44);
+    B2 = ROL64((A02^D2), 43);
+    B3 = ROL64((A03^D3), 21);
+    B4 = ROL64((A04^D4), 14);
+    A00 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A00 ^= RC[i+3];
+    A01 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A02 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A03 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A04 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B2 = ROL64((A10^D0), 3);
+    B3 = ROL64((A11^D1), 45);
+    B4 = ROL64((A12^D2), 61);
+    B0 = ROL64((A13^D3), 28);
+    B1 = ROL64((A14^D4), 20);
+    A10 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A11 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A12 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A13 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A14 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B4 = ROL64((A20^D0), 18);
+    B0 = ROL64((A21^D1), 1);
+    B1 = ROL64((A22^D2), 6);
+    B2 = ROL64((A23^D3), 25);
+    B3 = ROL64((A24^D4), 8);
+    A20 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A21 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A22 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A23 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A24 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B1 = ROL64((A30^D0), 36);
+    B2 = ROL64((A31^D1), 10);
+    B3 = ROL64((A32^D2), 15);
+    B4 = ROL64((A33^D3), 56);
+    B0 = ROL64((A34^D4), 27);
+    A30 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A31 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A32 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A33 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A34 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+
+    B3 = ROL64((A40^D0), 41);
+    B4 = ROL64((A41^D1), 2);
+    B0 = ROL64((A42^D2), 62);
+    B1 = ROL64((A43^D3), 55);
+    B2 = ROL64((A44^D4), 39);
+    A40 =   B0 ^((~B1)&  B2 );
+    A41 =   B1 ^((~B2)&  B3 );
+    A42 =   B2 ^((~B3)&  B4 );
+    A43 =   B3 ^((~B4)&  B0 );
+    A44 =   B4 ^((~B0)&  B1 );
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Initialize a new hash.  iSize determines the size of the hash
+** in bits and should be one of 224, 256, 384, or 512.  Or iSize
+** can be zero to use the default hash size of 256 bits.
+*/
+static void SHA3Init(SHA3Context *p, int iSize){
+  memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+  if( iSize>=128 && iSize<=512 ){
+    p->nRate = (1600 - ((iSize + 31)&~31)*2)/8;
+  }else{
+    p->nRate = (1600 - 2*256)/8;
+  }
+#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
+  /* Known to be little-endian at compile-time. No-op */
+#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
+  p->ixMask = 7;  /* Big-endian */
+#else
+  {
+    static unsigned int one = 1;
+    if( 1==*(unsigned char*)&one ){
+      /* Little endian.  No byte swapping. */
+      p->ixMask = 0;
+    }else{
+      /* Big endian.  Byte swap. */
+      p->ixMask = 7;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+** Make consecutive calls to the SHA3Update function to add new content
+** to the hash
+*/
+static void SHA3Update(
+  SHA3Context *p,
+  const unsigned char *aData,
+  unsigned int nData
+){
+  unsigned int i = 0;
+#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
+  if( (p->nLoaded % 8)==0 && ((aData - (const unsigned char*)0)&7)==0 ){
+    for(; i+7<nData; i+=8){
+      p->u.s[p->nLoaded/8] ^= *(u64*)&aData[i];
+      p->nLoaded += 8;
+      if( p->nLoaded>=p->nRate ){
+        KeccakF1600Step(p);
+        p->nLoaded = 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  for(; i<nData; i++){
+#if SHA3_BYTEORDER==1234
+    p->u.x[p->nLoaded] ^= aData[i];
+#elif SHA3_BYTEORDER==4321
+    p->u.x[p->nLoaded^0x07] ^= aData[i];
+#else
+    p->u.x[p->nLoaded^p->ixMask] ^= aData[i];
+#endif
+    p->nLoaded++;
+    if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate ){
+      KeccakF1600Step(p);
+      p->nLoaded = 0;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** After all content has been added, invoke SHA3Final() to compute
+** the final hash.  The function returns a pointer to the binary
+** hash value.
+*/
+static unsigned char *SHA3Final(SHA3Context *p){
+  unsigned int i;
+  if( p->nLoaded==p->nRate-1 ){
+    const unsigned char c1 = 0x86;
+    SHA3Update(p, &c1, 1);
+  }else{
+    const unsigned char c2 = 0x06;
+    const unsigned char c3 = 0x80;
+    SHA3Update(p, &c2, 1);
+    p->nLoaded = p->nRate - 1;
+    SHA3Update(p, &c3, 1);
+  }
+  for(i=0; i<p->nRate; i++){
+    p->u.x[i+p->nRate] = p->u.x[i^p->ixMask];
+  }
+  return &p->u.x[p->nRate];
+}
+
+/*
+** Convert a digest into base-16.
+*/
+static void DigestToBase16(unsigned char *digest, char *zBuf, int nByte){
+  static const char zEncode[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+  int ix;
+
+  for(ix=0; ix<nByte; ix++){
+    *zBuf++ = zEncode[(*digest>>4)&0xf];
+    *zBuf++ = zEncode[*digest++ & 0xf];
+  }
+  *zBuf = '\0';
+}
+
+/*
+** Compute the SHA3-256 checksum of a file on disk.  Store the resulting
+** checksum in the zCksum.
+**
+** Return the number of errors.
+*/
+void sha3sum_file(const char *zFilename, char *zCksum){
+  FILE *in;
+  SHA3Context ctx;
+  char zBuf[10240];
+
+  in = fopen(zFilename,"rb");
+  if( in==0 ){
+    zCksum[0] = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+  SHA3Init(&ctx, 256);
+  for(;;){
+    size_t n;
+    n = fread(zBuf, 1, sizeof(zBuf), in);
+    if( n<=0 ) break;
+    SHA3Update(&ctx, (unsigned char*)zBuf, (unsigned)n);
+  }
+  fclose(in);
+  DigestToBase16(SHA3Final(&ctx), zCksum, 32);
+}
+
+/*
+** Compute the SHA1 checksum of a file on disk.  Store the resulting
+** checksum in the zCksum.
+**
+** Return the number of errors.
+*/
+void sha1sum_file(const char *zFilename, char *zCksum){
+  FILE *in;
+  SHA1Context ctx;
+  unsigned char zResult[20];
+  char zBuf[10240];
+
+  in = fopen(zFilename,"rb");
+  if( in==0 ){
+    zCksum[0] = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+  SHA1Init(&ctx);
+  for(;;){
+    size_t n;
+    n = fread(zBuf, 1, sizeof(zBuf), in);
+    if( n<=0 ) break;
+    SHA1Update(&ctx, (unsigned char*)zBuf, (unsigned)n);
+  }
+  fclose(in);
+  SHA1Final(zResult, &ctx);
+  DigestToBase16(zResult, zCksum, 20);
+}
+	
+/*
+** Decode a fossilized string in-place.
+*/
+void defossilize(char *z){
+  int i, j, cc;
+  char *zSlash = strchr(z, '\\');
+  if( zSlash==0 ) return;
+  i = zSlash - z;
+  for(j=i; (cc=z[i])!=0; i++){
+    if( cc=='\\' && z[i+1] ){
+      i++;
+      switch( z[i] ){
+        case 'n':  cc = '\n';  break;
+        case 's':  cc = ' ';   break;
+        case 't':  cc = '\t';  break;
+        case 'r':  cc = '\r';  break;
+        case 'v':  cc = '\v';  break;
+        case 'f':  cc = '\f';  break;
+        case '0':  cc = 0;     break;
+        case '\\': cc = '\\';  break;
+        default:   cc = z[i];  break;
+      }
+    }
+    z[j++] = cc;
+  }
+  if( z[j] ) z[j] = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Report that a single file is incorrect.
+*/
+static void errorMsg(int *pnErr, const char *zVers, const char *zFile){
+  if( *pnErr==0 ){
+    printf("Derived from %.25s with changes to:\n", zVers);
+  }
+  printf("    %s\n", zFile);
+  (*pnErr)++;
+}
+static void errorMsgNH(int *pnErr, const char *zVers, const char *zFile){
+  if( *pnErr==0 ){
+    printf("%s\n", zVers);
+  }
+  printf("%s\n", zFile);
+  (*pnErr)++;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
+  int i, j;
+  int nDir;
+  FILE *in;
+  int bDebug = 0;
+  int bNonHuman = 0;
+  int bSeenManifestErr = 0;
+  int nErr = 0;
+  SHA3Context ctx3;
+  const char *zDir = 0;
+  void (*xErr)(int*,const char*,const char*);
+  char zHash[100];
+  char zCk[100];
+  char zVers[100];
+  char zLine[40000];
+  char zFile[40000];
+  xErr = errorMsg;
+  for(i=1; i<argc; i++){
+    const char *z = argv[i];
+    if( z[0]!='-' ){
+      if( zDir!=0 ){
+        fprintf(stderr, "bad argument: %s\n", z);
+        return 1;
+      }
+      zDir = z;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if( z[1]=='-' && z[2]!=0 ) z++;
+    if( strcmp(argv[1],"-sha1")==0 ){
+      /* For testing purposes, if the first argument is --sha1, then simply
+      ** compute and print the SHA1 checksum of all subsequent arguments. */
+      for(i++; i<argc; i++){
+        sha1sum_file(argv[i], zHash);
+        printf("%s  %s\n", zHash, argv[i]);
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }
+    if( strcmp(argv[1], "-sha3")==0 ){
+      /* For testing purposes, if the first argument is --sha3, then simply
+      ** compute and print the SHA3-256 checksum of all subsequent arguments. */
+      for(i++; i<argc; i++){
+        sha3sum_file(argv[i], zHash);
+        printf("%s  %s\n", zHash, argv[i]);
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }
+    if( strcmp(z,"-v")==0 ){
+      bDebug = 1;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if( strcmp(z,"-x")==0 ){
+      bNonHuman = 1;
+      xErr = errorMsgNH;
+      continue;
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s DIRECTORY\n"
+                    "   or: %s --sha1 FILE ...\n"
+                    "   or: %s --sha3 FILE ...\n",
+      argv[0], argv[0], argv[0]);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  if( strlen(zDir)>1000 ){
+    fprintf(stderr, "Directory argument too big: [%s]\n", zDir);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  nDir = (int)strlen(zDir);
+  if( nDir<0 ){
+    fprintf(stderr, "Directory argument too short.\n");
+    return 1;
+  }
+  memcpy(zFile, zDir, nDir);
+  if( zFile[nDir-1]!='/' ){
+    zFile[nDir++] = '/';
+  }
+  memcpy(&zFile[nDir], "manifest", 9);
+  if( bDebug ){
+    printf("manifest file: [%s]\n", zFile);
+  }
+  in = fopen(zFile, "rb");
+  if( in==0 ){
+    fprintf(stderr, "missing manifest: \"%s\"\n", zFile);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  SHA3Init(&ctx3, 256);
+  while( fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in) ){
+    if( zLine[0]=='#' ) break;
+    SHA3Update(&ctx3, (unsigned char*)zLine, (int)strlen(zLine));
+  }
+  DigestToBase16(SHA3Final(&ctx3), zVers, 32);
+ 
+  rewind(in);
+  while( fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in) ){
+    if( zLine[0]!='F' ) continue;
+    if( zLine[1]!=' ' ) continue;
+    for(i=2, j=nDir; zLine[i]!=0 && zLine[i]!=' '; i++, j++){
+      if( j<sizeof(zFile) ) zFile[j] = zLine[i];
+    }
+    if( j<sizeof(zFile) ) zFile[j] = 0;
+    zFile[sizeof(zFile)-1] = 0;
+    defossilize(&zFile[nDir]);
+    if( zLine[i]!=' ' ){
+      bSeenManifestErr = 1;
+      continue;
+    }
+    for(i++, j=0; zLine[i]>='0' && zLine[i]<='f'; i++, j++){
+      if( j<sizeof(zHash) ) zHash[j] = zLine[i];
+    }
+    if( j<sizeof(zHash) ) zHash[j] = 0;
+    zHash[sizeof(zHash)-1] = 0;
+    if( bDebug ){
+      printf("%s %s\n", zFile, zHash);
+    }
+    if( access(zFile, R_OK)!=0 ){
+      xErr(&nErr, zVers, &zFile[nDir]);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if( strlen(zHash)==40 ){
+      sha1sum_file(zFile, zCk);
+      if( strcmp(zHash, zCk)!=0 ){
+        xErr(&nErr, zVers, &zFile[nDir]);
+      }
+    }else if( strlen(zHash)==64 ){
+      sha3sum_file(zFile, zCk);
+      if( strcmp(zHash, zCk)!=0 ){
+        xErr(&nErr, zVers, &zFile[nDir]);
+      }
+    }else{
+      bSeenManifestErr = 1;
+      xErr(&nErr, zVers, &zFile[nDir]);
+    }
+  }
+  fclose(in);
+  in = 0;
+  if( bSeenManifestErr ) xErr(&nErr, zVers, "manifest");
+  memcpy(&zFile[nDir], "manifest.uuid", 14);
+  if( access(zFile, R_OK)!=0
+   || (in = fopen(zFile,"rb"))==0
+   || fgets(zLine, sizeof(zLine), in)==0
+   || strlen(zLine)!=65
+   || zLine[64]!='\n'
+   || memcmp(zLine, zVers, 64)!=0
+  ){
+    xErr(&nErr, zVers, &zFile[nDir]);
+  }
+  if( in ) fclose(in); 
+   
+  if( bNonHuman ){
+    if( nErr ) return 0;
+    printf("%s\n", zVers);
+  }else{
+    if( nErr ) return nErr;
+    printf("OK %.25s\n", zVers);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/srctree-check.tcl b/sqlite/tool/srctree-check.tcl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..234e70fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sqlite/tool/srctree-check.tcl
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#!/usr/bin/tclsh
+#
+# Run this script from the top of the source tree in order to confirm that
+# various aspects of the source tree are up-to-date.  Items checked include:
+#
+#     *    Makefile.msc and autoconf/Makefile.msc agree
+#     *    src/ctime.tcl is consistent with tool/mkctimec.tcl
+#     *    VERSION agrees with autoconf/tea/configure.ac
+#     *    src/pragma.h agrees with tool/mkpragmatab.tcl
+#
+# Other tests might be added later.  
+#
+# Error messages are printed and the process exists non-zero if problems
+# are found.  If everything is ok, no output is generated and the process
+# exits with 0.
+#
+
+# Read an entire file.
+#
+proc readfile {filename} {
+  set fd [open $filename rb]
+  set txt [read $fd]
+  close $fd
+  return $txt
+}
+
+# Find the root of the tree.
+#
+set ROOT [file dir [file dir [file normalize $argv0]]]
+cd $ROOT
+
+# Name of the TCL interpreter
+#
+set TCLSH [info nameofexe]
+
+######################### autoconf/tea/configure.ac ###########################
+
+set confac [readfile $ROOT/autoconf/tea/configure.ac]
+set vers [readfile $ROOT/VERSION]
+set pattern {AC_INIT([sqlite],[}
+append pattern [string trim $vers]
+append pattern {])}
+if {[string first $pattern $confac]<=0} {
+  puts "ERROR: ./autoconf/tea/configure.ac does not agree with ./VERSION"
+  exit 1
+}
+
+######################### autoconf/Makefile.msc ###############################
+
+set f1 [readfile $ROOT/autoconf/Makefile.msc]
+exec mv $ROOT/autoconf/Makefile.msc $ROOT/autoconf/Makefile.msc.tmp
+exec $TCLSH $ROOT/tool/mkmsvcmin.tcl
+set f2 [readfile $ROOT/autoconf/Makefile.msc]
+exec mv $ROOT/autoconf/Makefile.msc.tmp $ROOT/autoconf/Makefile.msc
+if {$f1 != $f2} {
+  puts "ERROR: ./autoconf/Makefile.msc does not agree with ./Makefile.msc"
+}
+
+######################### src/pragma.h ########################################
+
+set f1 [readfile $ROOT/src/pragma.h]
+exec mv $ROOT/src/pragma.h $ROOT/src/pragma.h.tmp
+exec $TCLSH $ROOT/tool/mkpragmatab.tcl
+set f2 [readfile $ROOT/src/pragma.h]
+exec mv $ROOT/src/pragma.h.tmp $ROOT/src/pragma.h
+if {$f1 != $f2} {
+  puts "ERROR: ./src/pragma.h does not agree with ./tool/mkpragmatab.tcl"
+}
+
+######################### src/ctime.c ########################################
+
+set f1 [readfile $ROOT/src/ctime.c]
+exec mv $ROOT/src/ctime.c $ROOT/src/ctime.c.tmp
+exec $TCLSH $ROOT/tool/mkctimec.tcl
+set f2 [readfile $ROOT/src/ctime.c]
+exec mv $ROOT/src/ctime.c.tmp $ROOT/src/ctime.c
+if {$f1 != $f2} {
+  puts "ERROR: ./src/ctime.c does not agree with ./tool/mkctimec.tcl"
+}
diff --git a/sqlite/ext/wasm/version-info.c b/sqlite/tool/version-info.c
similarity index 100%
rename from sqlite/ext/wasm/version-info.c
rename to sqlite/tool/version-info.c
diff --git a/sqlite/tool/warnings.sh b/sqlite/tool/warnings.sh
index 60d2b421..2b962d15 100644
--- a/sqlite/tool/warnings.sh
+++ b/sqlite/tool/warnings.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ if test x`uname` = 'xLinux'; then
 echo '********** Android configuration ******************************'
 echo '**********    ' Options: $WARNING_ANDROID_OPTS
 gcc -c \
-  -DHAVE_USLEEP=1 \
   -DSQLITE_HAVE_ISNAN \
   -DSQLITE_DEFAULT_JOURNAL_SIZE_LIMIT=1048576 \
   -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=2 \