diff --git a/pkg/chains/signing.go b/pkg/chains/signing.go
index 453bad982..d33aaa672 100644
--- a/pkg/chains/signing.go
+++ b/pkg/chains/signing.go
@@ -184,7 +184,17 @@ func (o *ObjectSigner) Sign(ctx context.Context, tektonObj objects.TektonObject)
 
 			// Now store those!
 			for _, backend := range sets.List[string](signableType.StorageBackend(cfg)) {
-				b := o.Backends[backend]
+				logger.Infof("signable storage backends: %v", signableType.StorageBackend(cfg))
+				logger.Infof("o.Backends(): %v", o.Backends)
+
+				b, ok := o.Backends[backend]
+				if !ok {
+					backendErr := fmt.Errorf("could not find backend '%s' in configured backends (%v) while trying sign: %s/%s", backend, o.getBackendsList(), tektonObj.GetKindName(), tektonObj.GetName())
+					logger.Error(backendErr)
+					merr = multierror.Append(merr, backendErr)
+					continue
+				}
+
 				storageOpts := config.StorageOpts{
 					ShortKey:      signableType.ShortKey(obj),
 					FullKey:       signableType.FullKey(obj),
@@ -235,6 +245,14 @@ func (o *ObjectSigner) Sign(ctx context.Context, tektonObj objects.TektonObject)
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (o *ObjectSigner) getBackendsList() []string {
+	backendList := []string{}
+	for name := range o.Backends {
+		backendList = append(backendList, name)
+	}
+	return backendList
+}
+
 func measureMetrics(ctx context.Context, metrictype string, mtr MetricsRecorder) {
 	if mtr != nil {
 		mtr.RecordCountMetrics(ctx, metrictype)
diff --git a/pkg/chains/storage/docdb/docdb.go b/pkg/chains/storage/docdb/docdb.go
index d9b82c979..148c50108 100644
--- a/pkg/chains/storage/docdb/docdb.go
+++ b/pkg/chains/storage/docdb/docdb.go
@@ -17,19 +17,31 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
 	"github.com/tektoncd/chains/pkg/chains/objects"
 	"github.com/tektoncd/chains/pkg/config"
 	"gocloud.dev/docstore"
 	_ "gocloud.dev/docstore/awsdynamodb"
 	_ "gocloud.dev/docstore/gcpfirestore"
+	"gocloud.dev/docstore/mongodocstore"
 	_ "gocloud.dev/docstore/mongodocstore"
+	"knative.dev/pkg/logging"
 )
 
 const (
 	StorageTypeDocDB = "docdb"
 )
 
+// ErrNothingToWatch is an error that's returned when the backend doesn't have anything to "watch"
+var ErrNothingToWatch = fmt.Errorf("backend has nothing to watch")
+
 // Backend is a storage backend that stores signed payloads in the TaskRun metadata as an annotation.
 // It is stored as base64 encoded JSON.
 type Backend struct {
@@ -47,8 +59,21 @@ type SignedDocument struct {
 
 // NewStorageBackend returns a new Tekton StorageBackend that stores signatures on a TaskRun
 func NewStorageBackend(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config) (*Backend, error) {
-	url := cfg.Storage.DocDB.URL
-	coll, err := docstore.OpenCollection(ctx, url)
+	docdbURL := cfg.Storage.DocDB.URL
+
+	u, err := url.Parse(docdbURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if u.Scheme == mongodocstore.Scheme {
+		// MONGO_SERVER_URL can be passed in as an environment variable or via config fields
+		if err := populateMongoServerURL(ctx, cfg); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	coll, err := docstore.OpenCollection(ctx, docdbURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -58,6 +83,100 @@ func NewStorageBackend(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config) (*Backend, error)
 	}, nil
 }
 
+// WatchBackend returns a channel that receives a new Backend each time it needs to be updated
+func WatchBackend(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config, watcherStop chan bool) (chan *Backend, error) {
+	logger := logging.FromContext(ctx)
+	docDBURL := cfg.Storage.DocDB.URL
+
+	u, err := url.Parse(docDBURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Set up the watcher only for mongo backends
+	if u.Scheme != "mongo" {
+		return nil, ErrNothingToWatch
+	}
+
+	// Set up watcher only when `storage.docdb.mongo-server-url-dir` is set
+	if cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir == "" {
+		return nil, ErrNothingToWatch
+	}
+
+	logger.Infof("setting up fsnotify watcher for directory: %s", cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir)
+
+	watcher, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	pathsToWatch := []string{
+		// mongo-server-url-dir/MONGO_SERVER_URL is where the MONGO_SERVER_URL environment
+		// variable is expected to be mounted, either manually or via a Kubernetes secret, etc.
+		path.Join(cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir, "MONGO_SERVER_URL"),
+		// When a Kubernetes secret is mounted on a path, the `data` in that secret is mounted
+		// under path/..data that is then `symlink`ed to the key of the data. In this instance,
+		// the mounted path is going to look like:
+		// file 1 - ..2024_05_03_11_23_23.1253599725
+		// file 2 - ..data -> ..2024_05_03_11_23_23.1253599725
+		// file 3 - MONGO_SERVER_URL -> ..data/MONGO_SERVER_URL
+		// So each time the secret is updated, the file `MONGO_SERVER_URL` is not updated,
+		// instead the underlying symlink at `..data` is updated and that's what we want to
+		// capture via the fsnotify event watcher
+		path.Join(cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir, "..data"),
+	}
+
+	backendChan := make(chan *Backend)
+	// Start listening for events.
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			select {
+			case event, ok := <-watcher.Events:
+				if !ok {
+					return
+				}
+				logger.Infof("received event: %s, path: %s", event.Op.String(), event.Name)
+				// Only respond to create or write events in the directory
+				if event.Has(fsnotify.Create) || event.Has(fsnotify.Write) {
+					// event.Name captures the path that is updated
+					if slices.Contains(pathsToWatch, event.Name) {
+						logger.Infof("directory %s has been updated, reconfiguring backend...", cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir)
+
+						// Now that MONGO_SERVER_URL has been updated, we should update docdb backend again
+						newDocDBBackend, err := NewStorageBackend(ctx, cfg)
+						if err != nil {
+							logger.Error(err)
+							backendChan <- nil
+						} else {
+							// Storing the backend in the signer so everyone has access to the up-to-date backend
+							backendChan <- newDocDBBackend
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				// TODO: add condition for REMOVE event
+
+			case err, ok := <-watcher.Errors:
+				if !ok {
+					return
+				}
+				logger.Error(err)
+
+			case <-watcherStop:
+				logger.Info("stopping fsnotify context...")
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Add a path.
+	err = watcher.Add(cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return backendChan, nil
+}
+
 // StorePayload implements the Payloader interface.
 func (b *Backend) StorePayload(ctx context.Context, _ objects.TektonObject, rawPayload []byte, signature string, opts config.StorageOpts) error {
 	var obj interface{}
@@ -125,3 +244,70 @@ func (b *Backend) retrieveDocuments(ctx context.Context, opts config.StorageOpts
 	}
 	return []SignedDocument{d}, nil
 }
+
+func populateMongoServerURL(ctx context.Context, cfg config.Config) error {
+	// First preference is given to the key `storage.docdb.mongo-server-url-dir`.
+	// If that doesn't exist, then we move on to `storage.docdb.mongo-server-url`.
+	// If that doesn't exist, then we check if `MONGO_SERVER_URL` env var is set.
+	logger := logging.FromContext(ctx)
+	mongoEnv := "MONGO_SERVER_URL"
+
+	if cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir != "" {
+		logger.Infof("setting %s from storage.docdb.mongo-server-url-dir: %s", mongoEnv, cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir)
+		if err := setMongoServerURLFromDir(ctx, cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURL != "" {
+		logger.Infof("setting %s from storage.docdb.mongo-server-url", mongoEnv)
+		if err := os.Setenv(mongoEnv, cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURL); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if _, envExists := os.LookupEnv(mongoEnv); !envExists {
+		return fmt.Errorf("mongo docstore configured but %s environment variable not set, "+
+			"supply one of storage.docdb.mongo-server-url-dir, storage.docdb.mongo-server-url or set %s", mongoEnv, mongoEnv)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func setMongoServerURLFromDir(ctx context.Context, dir string) error {
+	logger := logging.FromContext(ctx)
+
+	mongoEnv := "MONGO_SERVER_URL"
+
+	stat, err := os.Stat(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			// If directory does not exist, then create it. This is needed for
+			// the fsnotify watcher.
+			// fsnotify does not receive events if the path that it's watching
+			// is created later.
+			if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0755); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	// If the path exists but is not a directory, then throw an error
+	if !stat.IsDir() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("path specified at storage.docdb.mongo-server-url-dir: %s is not a directory", dir)
+	}
+
+	filePath := path.Join(dir, mongoEnv)
+	fileData, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// A trailing newline is fairly common in mounted files, let's remove it.
+	fileDataNormalized := strings.TrimSuffix(string(fileData), "\n")
+
+	logger.Infof("setting %s from path: %s", mongoEnv, filePath)
+	if err = os.Setenv(mongoEnv, fileDataNormalized); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/chains/storage/storage.go b/pkg/chains/storage/storage.go
index be3561c96..fe4e49b00 100644
--- a/pkg/chains/storage/storage.go
+++ b/pkg/chains/storage/storage.go
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ package storage
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 
 	"github.com/tektoncd/chains/pkg/chains/objects"
 	"github.com/tektoncd/chains/pkg/chains/storage/docdb"
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tektoncd/pipeline/pkg/client/clientset/versioned"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/sets"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
+	"knative.dev/pkg/logging"
 )
 
 // Backend is an interface to store a chains Payload
@@ -42,6 +44,8 @@ type Backend interface {
 
 // InitializeBackends creates and initializes every configured storage backend.
 func InitializeBackends(ctx context.Context, ps versioned.Interface, kc kubernetes.Interface, cfg config.Config) (map[string]Backend, error) {
+	logger := logging.FromContext(ctx)
+
 	// Add an entry here for every configured backend
 	configuredBackends := []string{}
 	if cfg.Artifacts.TaskRuns.Enabled() {
@@ -53,6 +57,7 @@ func InitializeBackends(ctx context.Context, ps versioned.Interface, kc kubernet
 	if cfg.Artifacts.PipelineRuns.Enabled() {
 		configuredBackends = append(configuredBackends, sets.List[string](cfg.Artifacts.PipelineRuns.StorageBackend)...)
 	}
+	logger.Infof("configured backends from config: %v", configuredBackends)
 
 	// Now only initialize and return the configured ones.
 	backends := map[string]Backend{}
@@ -90,5 +95,49 @@ func InitializeBackends(ctx context.Context, ps versioned.Interface, kc kubernet
 		}
 
 	}
+
+	backendsList := []string{}
+	for name := range backends {
+		backendsList = append(backendsList, name)
+	}
+	logger.Infof("successfully initialized backends: %v", backendsList)
 	return backends, nil
 }
+
+// WatchBackends watches backends for any update and keeps them up to date.
+func WatchBackends(ctx context.Context, watcherStop chan bool, backends map[string]Backend, cfg config.Config) error {
+	logger := logging.FromContext(ctx)
+	for backend := range backends {
+		switch backend {
+		case docdb.StorageTypeDocDB:
+			backendChan, err := docdb.WatchBackend(ctx, cfg, watcherStop)
+			if err != nil {
+				if errors.Is(err, docdb.ErrNothingToWatch) {
+					logger.Info(err)
+					continue
+				}
+				return err
+			}
+			go func() {
+				for {
+					select {
+					case newBackend := <-backendChan:
+						if newBackend == nil {
+							logger.Errorf("removing backend %s from backends", docdb.StorageTypeDocDB)
+							delete(backends, docdb.StorageTypeDocDB)
+							continue
+						}
+						logger.Infof("adding to backends: %s", docdb.StorageTypeDocDB)
+						backends[docdb.StorageTypeDocDB] = newBackend
+					case <-watcherStop:
+						logger.Info("stop watching backends...")
+						return
+					}
+				}
+			}()
+		default:
+			logger.Debugf("no backends to watch...")
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/config/config.go b/pkg/config/config.go
index 1d3cb3fbc..a5eef510d 100644
--- a/pkg/config/config.go
+++ b/pkg/config/config.go
@@ -122,7 +122,9 @@ type TektonStorageConfig struct {
 }
 
 type DocDBStorageConfig struct {
-	URL string
+	URL               string
+	MongoServerURL    string
+	MongoServerURLDir string
 }
 
 type GrafeasConfig struct {
@@ -165,13 +167,16 @@ const (
 	ociStorageKey = "artifacts.oci.storage"
 	ociSignerKey  = "artifacts.oci.signer"
 
-	gcsBucketKey             = "storage.gcs.bucket"
-	ociRepositoryKey         = "storage.oci.repository"
-	ociRepositoryInsecureKey = "storage.oci.repository.insecure"
-	docDBUrlKey              = "storage.docdb.url"
-	grafeasProjectIDKey      = "storage.grafeas.projectid"
-	grafeasNoteIDKey         = "storage.grafeas.noteid"
-	grafeasNoteHint          = "storage.grafeas.notehint"
+	gcsBucketKey              = "storage.gcs.bucket"
+	ociRepositoryKey          = "storage.oci.repository"
+	ociRepositoryInsecureKey  = "storage.oci.repository.insecure"
+	docDBUrlKey               = "storage.docdb.url"
+	docDBMongoServerURLKey    = "storage.docdb.mongo-server-url"
+	docDBMongoServerURLDirKey = "storage.docdb.mongo-server-url-dir"
+
+	grafeasProjectIDKey = "storage.grafeas.projectid"
+	grafeasNoteIDKey    = "storage.grafeas.noteid"
+	grafeasNoteHint     = "storage.grafeas.notehint"
 
 	// PubSub - General
 	pubsubProvider = "storage.pubsub.provider"
@@ -293,6 +298,8 @@ func NewConfigFromMap(data map[string]string) (*Config, error) {
 		asString(ociRepositoryKey, &cfg.Storage.OCI.Repository),
 		asBool(ociRepositoryInsecureKey, &cfg.Storage.OCI.Insecure),
 		asString(docDBUrlKey, &cfg.Storage.DocDB.URL),
+		asString(docDBMongoServerURLKey, &cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURL),
+		asString(docDBMongoServerURLDirKey, &cfg.Storage.DocDB.MongoServerURLDir),
 		asString(grafeasProjectIDKey, &cfg.Storage.Grafeas.ProjectID),
 		asString(grafeasNoteIDKey, &cfg.Storage.Grafeas.NoteID),
 		asString(grafeasNoteHint, &cfg.Storage.Grafeas.NoteHint),
diff --git a/pkg/reconciler/pipelinerun/controller.go b/pkg/reconciler/pipelinerun/controller.go
index 21beabbc4..e382d2f26 100644
--- a/pkg/reconciler/pipelinerun/controller.go
+++ b/pkg/reconciler/pipelinerun/controller.go
@@ -53,8 +53,18 @@ func NewController(ctx context.Context, cmw configmap.Watcher) *controller.Impl
 		Pipelineclientset: pipelineClient,
 		TaskRunLister:     taskRunInformer.Lister(),
 	}
+
 	impl := pipelinerunreconciler.NewImpl(ctx, c, func(impl *controller.Impl) controller.Options {
+		watcherStop := make(chan bool)
+
 		cfgStore := config.NewConfigStore(logger, func(name string, value interface{}) {
+			select {
+			case watcherStop <- true:
+				logger.Info("sent close event to fsnotify...")
+			default:
+				logger.Info("could not send close event to fsnotify...")
+			}
+
 			// get updated config
 			cfg := *value.(*config.Config)
 
@@ -64,6 +74,10 @@ func NewController(ctx context.Context, cmw configmap.Watcher) *controller.Impl
 				logger.Error(err)
 			}
 			psSigner.Backends = backends
+
+			if err := storage.WatchBackends(ctx, watcherStop, psSigner.Backends, cfg); err != nil {
+				logger.Error(err)
+			}
 		})
 
 		// setup watches for the config names provided by client
diff --git a/pkg/reconciler/taskrun/controller.go b/pkg/reconciler/taskrun/controller.go
index 8695dcfdb..1991f334d 100644
--- a/pkg/reconciler/taskrun/controller.go
+++ b/pkg/reconciler/taskrun/controller.go
@@ -49,7 +49,16 @@ func NewController(ctx context.Context, cmw configmap.Watcher) *controller.Impl
 		Pipelineclientset: pipelineClient,
 	}
 	impl := taskrunreconciler.NewImpl(ctx, c, func(impl *controller.Impl) controller.Options {
+		watcherStop := make(chan bool)
+
 		cfgStore := config.NewConfigStore(logger, func(name string, value interface{}) {
+			select {
+			case watcherStop <- true:
+				logger.Info("sent close event to fsnotify")
+			default:
+				logger.Info("could not send close event to fsnotify")
+			}
+
 			// get updated config
 			cfg := *value.(*config.Config)
 
@@ -59,6 +68,10 @@ func NewController(ctx context.Context, cmw configmap.Watcher) *controller.Impl
 				logger.Error(err)
 			}
 			tsSigner.Backends = backends
+
+			if err := storage.WatchBackends(ctx, watcherStop, tsSigner.Backends, cfg); err != nil {
+				logger.Error(err)
+			}
 		})
 
 		// setup watches for the config names provided by client